text:
Talk:Genoa (sail)

Comments
A genoa (pronounced like the city, or as jenny) is a type of large jib-sail used on bermuda rigged craft, commonly the single-masted sloop and twin-masted yawl, less frequently on a ketch. Its large surface area increases the speed of the craft; however in high wind conditions a smaller storm jib is usually substituted.

The term genoa is often used somewhat interchangeably with jib, but technically there is a clear delineation. A jib is only as large as the foretriangle, which is the triangular area formed by the mast, deck or bowsprit, and forestay. A genoa is larger, with the leech going past the mast and overlapping the mainsail. Genoas are categorized by the percentage of overlap. This is calculated by looking at the distance along a perpendicular line from the luff of the genoa to the clew, called the LP (for "luff perpendicular"). A 150% genoa would have an LP 50% larger than the foretriangle length. Sail racing classes often specify a limit to genoa size. On International Offshore Rule boats, different classes of genoa have 150%, 130%, and 98% overlap, and so on. Under Performance Handicap Racing Fleet rules most boats are allowed 155% genoas without a penalty.

Genoas do add more sail area to a craft, but at the expense of more difficult handling. It is harder to tack a genoa than a jib, since the overlapping area can become tangled with the mast unless carefully tended during the tack. Genoas are very popular in some racing classes, since they count only the foretriangle area when calculating foresail size; a genoa allows a significant increase in actual sail area within the calculated sail area. In boats where sail restrictions are not applicable, genoas of 200% overlap can be found, although those over 150% are not often seen, since the additional area is shadowed by the mainsail and generates diminishing returns in terms of power per actual sail area.

The gennaker is a fairly new type of sail, and is a hybrid between a genoa and an asymmetrical spinnaker. Gennakers are even larger than genoas (200% overlaps are not uncommon). They have a much greater camber than a genoa, for generating larger amounts of lift when broad reaching and running, but the large camber results in poor performance when close hauled, making the gennaker a downwind only sail. Spinnakers, on the other hand, are strictly for running, and will collapse if used to reach.

Comment:

The phrase in the article above introducing the luff perpendicular is not clear to me.

"This is calculated by looking at the distance along a perpendicular line from the luff of the genoa to the clew, called the LP (for "luff perpendicular")."

A line is a distance between two points. The clew is a point, but the luff is a line. One must define the point on the luff to use.

The word "perpendicular" describes a relation of 90°. A line cannot be described as a perpendicular in isolation. A perpendicular line is necessarily in relation (90°) to something else which has at least two dimensions (a line or a plane). Only once the relation has been described can one refer to the perpendicular alone.

If the editor of this article understands the LP, he can easily make the necessary clarifications. If not, I would be happy to research this point and do it myself. I can't do it right now because I'm in Paris and my yachting books are in Saint-Tropez.

I happened to read the article because I was hoping to learn the history of the genoa. I'm a specialist of racing sailboats of the class called the 6 metre International Rule. In our oral tradition, the genoa was invented by one of our illustrious owners of the 1920's, the Swedish diplomat Sven Salèn. He was apparently posted to Genoa when he developed it.

I was looking for information on the genoese contribution to this invention. The Web site of the Seawanhaka Corinthian Yacht Club of Oyster Bay, Long Island U.S.A. says that the first genoa was introduced to the U.S. during the 6 metre Scandinavian Gold Cup competition of 1927. It says that it was introduced by "an Italian boat". During this competition, Sven Salèn represented Sweden on May Be and there was also an Italian entry named Mati (now Fissa).

If anyone was in a position to introduce the genoa to the U.S. in 1927, it would have been Sven Salèn on his Swedish boat. Perhaps, Mati had also adopted the genoa. Perhaps the Seawanhaka confused Salèn's consular posting at Genoa with his Swedish boat - or perhaps they automatically ascribed this genoese novelty to the genoese boat Mati.

I'll ask them if they can sort it out.

Basil Carmody<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Paris & Saint-Tropez, France

 * I have added a History section, with a brief summary of Manferd Curry's development of the "Genoa jib". Photos from his book or other sources of "the Swedish boat" and his dinghies (in particular the one of Aero) would be nice if anyone has time to add them. GilesW 12:46, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

I deleted the section that said the spinnaker was strictly for a run. Spinnakers can be used on reaches; if the pole is pulled far enough forward you can practically sail a beam reach.

Proposed title change
As mentioned in the History paragraph, the inventor of this sail referred to it as the "overlapping jib". It came to be known as the "Genoa jib" as explained. It is now usually referred to as the "jenny". I suggest changing the title from "Genoa (sail)" to "Genoa jib (jenny)" or something like that.

GilesW 11:37, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

Aerodynamics
The purpose of the large overlap is not only to provide additional unmeasured sail area in some classes of racing yachts and dinghies, its enhanced slot or venturi effect can also improve the overall aerodynamics of the rig.

The purpose of setting the sail as low as possible, "sweeping the deck", is to increase the aerodynamic efficiency of the sail by reducing the ammount of air escaping under the foot of the sail, from the high pressure (windward) side to the low pressure (leeward) side.

GilesW 11:40, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Right, the slot is important, because it allows the sail combination to operate at a higher angle of attack, delivering more lift without stalling (see slats for the wing analogue). However, according to Marchaj (if memory serves), in classes where overlap is not calculated as part of sail area, large overlaps are found--up to 200% genoas; in classes where only actual sail area matters, you find little or no overlap.  This seems to indicate that while the advantages of the slot effect are less than the advantages of using that sail area somewhere else--a masthead rather than fractional rig, or more area in the main. scot 16:52, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Curry did not discuss the best way to apportion a fixed total sail area. However I think that fractional rigs are preferred to masthead rigs these days, and masthead rigs usually use overlapping jibs, probably for good reasons. I suspect that an overlapping jib helps to reattach airflow to the lee of the mainsail behind a relatively thick mast, that might not happen with a non-overlapping jib (with such a mast).

 * I hear a lot about mast bending with respect to modern rigs, and I suspect this may have much to do with the preference for fractional rigs--I think that having the forestay at about the 3/4 point lets you put a precise amount of curve into the mast by playing with forestay and backstay tension, and thus control the flatness of the main with more range and precision than just using a cunningham and vang. The overlapping jib would help reattach flow by keeping flow from separating, but this is most needed at the top of the main, where the mast thickness is much greater compared to the length of the main.  I do clearly recall Marchaj's experiment where he cut the tip off a triangular sail, and lost no lift, because the flow up at the tip was always stalled.  This is addressed, when possible, with lots of roach up top and full length battens, and I think it's the new Volvo 70 class that I've seen with a giant headboard/batten to square off the top of the sail--puts me in mind of a short, horizontal gaff. scot 14:49, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Incidentally Curry said that to take full advantage of overlapping jibs it is necessary to use a fully battened mainsail to improve the venturi effect, as he did on his dinghies. I suspect that subsequent developments in mast and sail aerodynamics may well affect his findings. GilesW 12:21, 12 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I think the reason for the fully battened main there is that you can easily get airflow off the trailing edge of the genoa pushing into the main, putting a bubble in the sail. I think Marchaj called this "backwinding the main" or something like that, and it can result in stalling the airflow over the lee side of the main.  You're just trying your best to get me to go dig through all the boxes of books in my garage, and at a time when it's 103F outside...  scot 14:49, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Curry explains all that. Try to borrow or buy a copy of his book. Although some of his explanations are mistaken, it's fascinating to read in the light of modern knowledge. He was closer to the truth than some of his sucessors, it seems.

 * As for sail sweeping the deck, that is the endplate effect, which has the effect of doubling the apparent aspect ratio of the sail, giving a higher lift/drag ratio since it's only trailing vortices from one end.

 * Agreed. However is not the aspect ratio doubling effect a rough approximation, that is rather esoteric for the body of an article of this nature? (Could be in a box etc). The pressure-loss explanation is not wrong and is more easily understood by the lay reader. This makes it easy to explain why setting a jenny a foot or two off the deck above a roller reefer reduces the efficiency of the sail significantly, as does the compromised aerofoil section of reefable jibs, though those losses can be offset by the advantage of being able to optimise the sail area quickly as the wind changes.  GilesW 12:21, 12 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, the way the endplate works is to prevent pressure loss, which prevents a vortex from forming on that end of the sail, which cuts the vortex drag in half, so really they're the same explanation. scot 14:49, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * A non-overlapping headsail would have a higher aspect ratio, and thus a higher L/D ratio, anyway. I'd dig up some more solid data for this, but I've recnetly moved and my copy of Sail Performance is still buried in one of the dozen boxes of books in the garage. scot 16:52, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Presumably the aspect ratio (AR) of the rig plan as a whole is more significant than that of individual sails, so that the low AR of the jenny has little effect on overall AR and hence L/D. The practical effect of changing sails from a No1 (jenny) to No2 (jib) when the wind increases is to "keep the boat on its feet", by reducing both L and D, but keeping L/D much the same. GilesW 11:26, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure of that, and I don't think I've seen any studies on it. The reason a high aspect ratio sail has lower drag is that the tip vortex size is related to the chord of the foil; a 1 foot chord foil will have the same size tip vortices no matter whether it's 1 foot or 100 feet span.  Now if this relationship is linear (as I suspect it is) then a single 100 by 100 foot sail will generate 1 vortex 100 times the energy of a 1 by 100 foot sail, and and 100 of those 1 by 100 foot sails will thus have the same total drag as the 100 by 100 foot sail.  That would then indicate that the sum of the drag would be the sum of the  drags of the aspect ratios times the relative sail area of each sail, which should be close to the aspect ratio of the rig as a whole.  scot 14:49, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Rig AR is addressed in Rig Theory AYRS 113, ISSN 0144-1396, which refers to Marchaj et al. GilesW 18:24, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

Venturi effect
I cannot find the term "venturi effect" in Curry's book. I only used it because there was no WP entry for "slot effect". Naughty me! I will correct it.

Curry did claim accelerated airflow behind the overlapping jib, when used with a fully battened main. He also showed correctly that the airflow close behind a main with a jib is faster than the (stalled) airflow behind the same main at the same AoA with no jib.

Curry was adamant about their advantages over soft mainsails because they allow a narrower slot and a more efficient slot effect. He likened soft mainsails to umbrellas without ribs. I cannot find anything in Marchaj AHOS 2nd ed about fully battened mains. It is fascinating to study Curry's results in the light of modern knowledge, he was surprisingly close to the truth, and spotted something that Marchaj seems to have missed & I had to learn the hard way: when looking for power, mainsails are operated on the ragged edge of the stall. However Currys boats were evidently so much better than the opposition that he sometimes drew the wrong conclusions. He did not mention two-boat tuning.

I think this is the subject of another article. GilesW 17:27, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

Gennakers
I suggest replacing specific angles with qualitative descriptions, e.g.

"Flat cut gennakers can generally be used closer to the wind than spinnakers. However when running before the wind, the main sail blocks the wind of gennaker, whereas the conventional spinnaker's movable pole allows it to be kept full." Or something like that. GilesW 11:15, 30 August 2007 (UTC)

Jib smaller than foretriangle?
I would like to see a citation on the assertion that a jib is defined by being smaller than or no larger than the foretriangle. I have never encountered this usage. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Millerpd (talk • contribs) 17:58, 21 April 2009 (UTC)

 * From http://www.sailjazz.com/editorial/read/155; "Essentially the key difference is that genoas will overlap the mast while jibs do not. Jibs are designed to fit into the foretriangle, the space between the headstay and the mast. Genoas are designed to overlap the mast by anywhere from a few inches to several feet. Genoas are identified by the percentage of overlap. A 110% genoa overlaps the mast by 10%, a 125% by 25% and so on." The common use of % overlap in genoa descriptions, as it points out, implicitly supports this definition as well.  scot (talk) 21:04, 21 April 2009 (UTC)

Genoa Jib
The claim of the swedish well known yachtman Sven Salen to be the inventor of the "genoa jib" or overlapping jib, is grossly false. The genoa jib was first made by the famous italian yachtman Raimondo Panario, a native from Voltri (close to Genoa city) who exhibited it the first time in the winter italian races of January 1926 of the "Coppa del Tirreno" on the 6mR "Cora IV". Of course this new sail allowed him to win these races, and the following ones on the French Riviera (spring 1926)and the Cup of the Denmark's king (june 1926). Sven Salen never participated in the italian races of early 1926. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:50, 29 January 2011 (UTC)

Broken link to article : A Review of Modern Sail Theory
This link is broken as of 26 Sept 2013. It appears that the article is available at the following link, but I do not know how to make this change, or if it is appropriate. http://ljjensen.net/Maritimt/A%20Review%20of%20Modern%20Sail%20Theory.pdf

Can someone help? Thank you. Rick — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:57, 27 September 2013 (UTC)

The following sentence in the "History" Section is inaccurate: The famous Swedish sailor and shipowner Sven Salén (1890–1969) first used the genoa on his 6 m R-yacht May-Be by the 1926 in Coppa del Tirreno in Genoa, hence the name. It should be replaced by: The famous Italian sailor and sailmaker Raimondo Panario (1872-1966) first developped, cut and sewed a genoa jib for his 6 m R-yacht Cora IV he sailed Coppa del Tirreno in Genoa he won in 1926, hence the name. The following year Cora IV won the King of Denmark's Cup with G.leone-Reggio at the tiller

title: Talk:Genoa (sail)


text:
Abstract Algebra/Matroids

A matroid is an algebraic construct that is related to the notion of independence.

Matroids are an abstraction of several combinatorial objects, among them graphs and matrices. The word matroid was coined by Whitney in 1935 in his landmark paper "On the abstract properties of linear dependence". In defining a matroid Whitney tried to capture the fundamental properties of dependence that are common to graphs and matrices. Almost simultaneously, Birkhoff showed that a matroid can be interpreted as a geometric lattice. Maclane showed that matroids have a geometric representation in terms of points, lines, planes, dimension 3 spaces etc. Often the term combinatorial geometry is used instead of simple matroids. However, combinatorial geometry has another meaning in mathematical literature. Rank 3 combinatorial geometries are frequently called linear spaces. Matroids are a unifying concept in which some problems in graph theory, design theory, coding theory, and combinatorial optimization become simpler to understand.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Abstract Algebra/Matroids


text:
Talk:Dorothy Provine

Untitled
She was also in an episode of The Man from Uncle, see http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0641059/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm David.daileyatsrudotedu (talk) 01:56, 24 January 2014 (UTC)

Year of Birth
Prior to her passing a majority of sources listed 1937, after her passing they listed 1935. The latter appears to be erroneous. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:17, 5 February 2021 (UTC)

 * You're welcome to add the alternative date, if supported with WP:RELIABLE sources, to the article, but not remove a well sourced claim for 1935 as a birth date. The persistent changes that ignore the NYTimes source are disruptive. 2601:188:180:B8E0:65F5:930C:B0B2:CD63 (talk) 02:29, 5 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Her 1940 census record indicates age 5, ergo birth year of 1935 or 1934. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 05:38, 6 February 2021 (UTC)

 * This obit says "She was 75, according to her husband." So again, birth year of 1935 or 1934.Martinevans123 (talk) 10:51, 9 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Here is a reliable sourced link from the South Dakota encyclopedia site. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/provine-dorothy-1937 — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:11, 12 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Census data trumps some online encyclopedia. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 17:49, 13 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Note: IP <IP_ADDRESS> currently blocked ""preventing edits on the page Dorothy Provine with an expiration time of 3 months (anon. only) (Persistent addition of unsourced content: again)". Martinevans123 (talk) 19:28, 13 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dorothy Provine


text:
Talk:Chip Mellor

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Chip Mellor Retirement
Chip Mellor is no longer the President and General Council. . Can someone please help update the article?Jjustinwilson (talk) 16:33, 5 July 2017 (UTC)

 * ✅ --Dr. Fleischman (talk) 18:46, 5 July 2017 (UTC)

In the introduction, the article reads that Mellor "pursues constitutional litigation" in present tense. Since he has retired, that should be rephrased to past tense. I suggest changing it to: "During his career as IJ's General Counsel, Mellor pursued constitutional litigation in four areas: economic liberty, property rights, school choice, and free speech."

Also, he is no longer publishing his Forbes column "Constitutional Crossroads." That should be removed, or changed to past tense.

Finally, in addition to publishing Dirty Dozen, Mellor also recently co-authored Bottleneckers. I'd recommend adding a new section on publications, moving Dirty Dozen, and adding:

"In December 2016, Mellor co-authored with Dick Carpenter, IJ’s Director of Strategic Research Bottleneckers: Gaming the Government for Power and Private Profit. The book describes a "bottlenecker" as “anyone who uses government power to limit competition and thereby reap monopoly profits and other benefits.”

Resolving Issues
This article has been flagged with multiple issues for a number of years. I'd like to tackle addressing them, since there are plenty of third-party sources about Mellor life. But before I do that, I wanted to raise it with the community.

--Jjustinwilson (talk) 13:33, 28 January 2021 (UTC)

After adding additional sources, I went ahead and removed the flags.

--Jjustinwilson (talk) 16:39, 15 May 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chip Mellor


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cinnamon Hotels and Resorts

The result was speedy deleted per CSD G12, "Unambiguous copyright infringement: Source urls: http://blog.cinnamonhotels.com/about-cinnamon-u/, http://www.ovguide.com/cinnamon-hotels-and-resorts-9202a8c04000641f8000000014f4cffd". N ORTH A MERICA 1000 16:54, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

Cinnamon Hotels and Resorts

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There is little significant independent sources outside routinal reports by Sri Lanka media (e.g. ).  野狼院ひさし  u/t/c 07:05, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Business-related deletion discussions. N ORTH A MERICA 1000 16:47, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Sri Lanka-related deletion discussions. N ORTH A MERICA 1000 16:48, 11 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Carol Moldaw

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111006164917/http://www.sfpoetry.org/moldaw3.html to http://www.sfpoetry.org/moldaw3.html
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title: Talk:Carol Moldaw


text:
countersteering

Noun

 * 1) The momentary steering of a bicycle in the opposite direction at the beginning of a turn in order to adjust the rider's centre of gravity.

Translations

 * French:

title: countersteering


text:
Talk:Introduction to Philosophy/What is Political Philosophy

I just went through and wrote a few things out. I'll try to go back soon and create subsections and leave the top page as a broader definition of political philosophy. I'll also expand the top two paragraphs to a better definition. I obviously left so much out of this. 10:47, 7 October 2004 s.rice

 * Hey, cool! Thanks for doing this.  I was beginning to think I was the only philosopher on the planet.  I'm writing the logic bit.    I'll leave the political philosophy to you, as I know very little about it. --publunch 11:39, 9 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * BTW, we need someone to write a few paragraphs about John Locke's political philosophy on the wikipedia John Locke page. When I tried editing the John Locke page, I found quite quickly that my knowledge of the man and his work is rather patchy.--publunch 11:49, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Wow... I haven't looked at this page in over seven years. I think that I need to come back and contribute. Unfortunately, not much work has been done on it at all? Is Wikibooks just floundering as a project? Or is it just certain topics, like this one? As this is an introductory page, I'd like to divide it up into "moments" of political philosophy; perhaps it could be first divided up into something like "eras" of political philosophy which would start — ostensibly — with Plato; then move to the Romans (perhaps including the stoics — I'm not sure about this); then I'm not sure about who to put in before Machiavelli and Hobbes...; after that, obviously, there is a strong tradition in political philosophy itself, but, my next question is: where do we draw the line in political philosophy and different disciplines? While Marx, Weber, and Durkheim are political philosophers, they are usually considered sociologists (see, here my categories don't actually hold up), one could read Descartes as a political philosopher, but, that would imply looking at the political implicates of the "cogito," which are many and varied. Obviously, Kant could come into play as could Nietzsche. Perhaps, the better question that I should pose is: how do we categorize this book? Or, at least, this introduction? There are a few other chapters (do we call them chapters?) in this Wikibook, but how should we organize it? Chronologically? Thematically (i.e. utilitarians, deontologists, social contract theorists, ...). The way that MediaWiki is coded requires some structure in order to render things readable, so, any advice? 8:02, 14 April 2011 s.rice

Question, The concept of human right is political idea, but in real sense there no human right and universe, comment.
Question, The concept of human right is political idea, but in real sense there no human right and universe, comment.


text:
Six Degrees Architects

Six Degrees Architects is an Australian architectural practice based in Melbourne, Victoria. It was formed in 1991 by six architecture graduates sharing a studio in Richmond.

The "Six Degrees" name was inspired by the Nylex Clock in Richmond, which displayed a cold 6°C one night. The name also circumvented the requirement for architectural registration in the early years of their practice, and was a reflection of the status of the six partners having six Bachelor of Architecture degrees. Recycled and salvaged materials became part of their architectural language. This approach played out in their self-funded project, Meyers Place Bar, which later received the inaugural Melbourne Prize in 1997.

Notable projects

 * Meyers Place, Melbourne, 1993
 * Public Office, West Melbourne, 1997
 * Wall 280, Balaklava, Melbourne, 1999
 * Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club, 2000
 * Pelican, St. Kilda, Melbourne, 2002
 * School of Architecture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, 2007
 * Vaults Precinct, Melbourne, 2008
 * St Mary's House of Welcome, 2010
 * The Boatbuilders Yard, South Wharf, Southbank, Melbourne 2011

title: Six Degrees Architects


text:
pottu

Etymology 1
Shortening of.

Noun

 * 1) potato, spud

Etymology 2
A variant of.

Noun

 * 1)  potty
 * 2)  bottle, especially one of booze
 * 1)  bottle, especially one of booze

Derived terms
These terms could be derived from either etymology:

title: pottu


text:
User:Chelodonium

Hello all.

In my Life

 * I am a herbalist and nutritionist and as such am happy to answer queries related to health issues.

 * I live on a boat on the Regents Canal, it's somewhere between a narrow boat and a butty.

What I'm Interested in
and in the school of biology to increase my knowledge of flora that I use in treatment of myself and friends and also what i share with patients.
 * The schools of philosophy for interest in understanding my strange mind

 * Interacting on collective projects within the botany department, making some (cautious) links with the medicinal uses of plants.

If you fancy a collective rant
practicise that at being generated by the medical health regulation authority.
 * I am currently trying to fathom how complementary medicine will deal with new restrictive

There is my webpage http://www.solanum.cc that desperately needs updating

title: User:Chelodonium


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Break My Heart Slowly

The result was   speedy keep per WP:SK, point #1. N ORTH A MERICA 1000 17:01, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

Break My Heart Slowly

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Suggest a merge to I Killed the Zeitgeist. Lachlan Foley (talk) 04:10, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep and close AfD is not for mergers.  Lugnuts  Dick Laurent is dead 08:30, 11 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
User:Amber.amc259/sandbox

Introduction
how to identify, morphology, naming

Clinical Signs
greasy pig disease, transmission, what iit looks like

Diagnosis
tests, ID

Zoonotic Concern
human cases, interspecies transmission

Antimicrobial Resistance
intrinsic, emerging, relation to MRSA

title: User:Amber.amc259/sandbox


text:
Deer Isle Bridge

The Deer Isle Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning Eggemoggin Reach in the state of Maine. The bridge is the only vehicular connection from the Maine mainland to Little Deer Isle, one of the segments that make up the island. The span was completed in March 1939 with a main span of 1088 ft. The bridge was designed by Holton Duncan Robinson and David Bernard Steinman. It encountered wind stability problems that were similar to those of the Whitestone Bridge and the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge, which collapsed shortly after it opened. The problems led to modifications which included numerous cable stays connecting cables to the tower and tower to the deck. The span today carries two narrow lanes of State Route 15.

A re-decking project was completed in May 2008. Repainting started in mid-2010 has been completed.

History
The Deer Isle-Sedgwick Bridge, named for the two townships it connects, was the first bridge built between Deer Isle and the mainland, replacing an inadequate ferry crossing system and effectively opening the island to tourism opportunities. It is notable for the innovation of its designers and contractors in creating a durable, long-span, high-level structure across a navigable arm of the Atlantic at minimal cost. Unprecedented use of prefabricated and previously used materials simplified construction and minimized costs, and much of the outdoor work was completed under poor weather conditions.

The challenges facing David B. Steinman, his firm, and their contractors were numerous. The popularity of Eggemoggin Reach as a yachting area called for a 200 ft channel at midspan with a minimum 85 ft underclearance, placing the roadway at 98.7 ft above mean water level. At the same time, the depth required for foundations at this location called for minimizing the length of the approach spans. This height problem was solved by employing steep 6.5-percent approach grades and a fairly short 400 ft vertical curve at the center of the main span. In this manner, the needed height was attained and the approach viaducts were kept to a minimum length.

The project was also complicated by its required early-summer completion date, meaning that much of the work had to be done during the winter and early spring months when weather conditions posed a significant challenge. Robinson and Steinman and their contractors solved this difficulty by prefabricating many of the components offsite and completing the bulk of the assembly quickly, working between high tides. Site-specific innovations in prefabrication and construction methods minimized outdoor work at the site and departed from conventional bridge-building practice. This careful consideration and planning resulted in a project completed on schedule and at low cost, despite the extreme conditions.

The substructure, in particular, employed prefabrication at an unprecedented level. Instead of assembling the steel sheet-pile cofferdams and the metal forms for the main tower pedestals on site, Merritt-Chapman & Scott had them prefabricated at their yard on Staten Island and brought to Maine by barge. Their use of secondhand steel materials for the dams, along with the prefabrication and careful timing of the construction schedule, saved a great deal of money. The prefabricated dams were assembled for use on barges near the work site. After mud was removed from the bottom and the rock foundation carefully sounded, the dam bases were torch-cut to fit the profile of the irregular bedrock on which they were to be set. Finally, the dams were filled with concrete.

On the superstructure, pre-stressed twisted-strand cables invented by the designer were used to advantage on both the main strands and the suspenders, meaning the time-consuming and expensive field adjustments were unnecessary. These cables debuted in the U.S. in 1931 on Steinman and Robinson's Waldo-Hancock Bridge near Bucksport, Maine, and their St. Johns Bridge in Portland, Oregon. A new connection method, which used sleeve nuts to connect each main strand socket to its anchorage rod, was also used. These connections, invented by Robinson and first used on the Thousand Islands Bridge the previous year, made small adjustments to the main strands very easy.

Before the bridge was finished, unexpected wind-induced motion in the relatively lightweight deck indicated the need for greater stability. Diagonal stays running from the main cables to the stiffening girders on both towers were added to stabilize the bridge. However, the bridge's motion during unusually severe storms in the winter of 1942–1943 caused extensive damage and destroyed some of the stays. Because of the recent collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, stronger and more extensive longitudinal and transverse diagonal stays were added.

title: Deer Isle Bridge


text:
oranĝkolora

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) orange (colour)

Usage notes
The form oranĝkolora violates Zamenhofian phonotactics, and is pronounced oranĉkolora by 🇨🇬 speakers (among others). Zamenhof avoided consonant sequences such as ĝk by using epenthetic vowels, as in the alternative form oranĝokolora.

title: oranĝkolora


text:
Talk:Instructional design/Cognitive behaviors/Teaching Procedures, page 5

Consider adding some content from the following to the Practice section:

"Joe will probably be given two or more fractions and be asked to add them, in which case that's what Jennifer's practice should require him to do. But the post-instructional requirements may entail reading a story problem and figuring out what mathematical operation is needed, and then using the right procedure, in which case that's what the practice should do.  This is called consistency (or authenticity or performance-based learning).  Similarly, the post-instructional requirements may call for Joe to be able to handle all kinds of fractions, in which case Jennifer should give him practice adding all kinds of fractions.  This is called divergence.

"Furthermore, we know that some cases of adding fractions are a lot more difficult than others. To be consistent, Jennifer should include the full range of difficulty required after the instruction is over.  But should she start out with difficult practice?  Clearly, it will be easier for Joe to learn from if it is an easy case, unless he already knows how to handle easy ones (in which event he wouldn't learn anything from it!), although it would help you to diagnose his entering skill.  If even the easiest authentic case was quite difficult for Joe,  it would probably be helpful to compromise on the consistency rule in some ways.  This is a form of prompting—what behaviorists call shaping and cognitivists call scaffolding.

"Errors most often occur in a single step of a procedure. So Jennifer's feedback should point out the specific step that Joe did wrong and should help him to do it right.  The feedback could demonstrate the correct performance of the step, or it could give a hint that helps Joe to figure out what he was doing wrong.  When Joe gets the practice right, on the other hand, Jennifer's feedback should probably just confirm that it was right.  You should also remind Jennifer that motivational feedback (encouragement when wrong and praise when right) can also be useful.

"Jennifer should probably show Joe how to add two fractions. This is often called a demonstration or example of the skill.  But some cases (demonstrations) are a lot more difficult than others.  So again, it will be easier for Joe to learn if it is an easy one.  Now, if Jennifer just demonstrates the procedure without saying anything, would that be good instruction?  Not exactly.  So what should she say?  Think about it before you read on!

"She should explain what she is doing. This explanation could be in a form that generalizes to other cases within a given equivalence class, in which event it is called a generality.  Or it could be in a form that relates the generality to this particular case, which is called attention focusing.  There are several options as to when Jennifer could give the generality: before the demonstrations (which is a deductive approach), after several demonstrations (which is an inductive approach), or during a demonstration.  No one approach is always best.  " - Reigeluth

--Lzinsmei 03:20, 16 April 2007 (UTC)


text:
Monetary Economics/Economic Uses of Money

The Classical Function of Money
Classical economists modelled the demand for money in terms of its use as a unit of account. Money can be used to denote the value of goods, enabling participants in a transaction to measure the value of the transaction item in a common factor. This reduces transaction costs, especially information costs, as there is less possibility of adverse selection.

Under a barter system with no common unit of accounting, a successful transaction depends on the occurrence of a coincidence of wants. This could be surmounted by one party giving credit to another, that is, for the party to accept payment in kind in the future for a good sold today. Even if there were no credit risk (i.e. payment could be strictly enforced) the selling party would still have to gather information regarding the future worth of the good he is contracted to be paid in.

In addition, the selling party would have to know the values of all goods in the economy, denominated in the values of every other good. This causes the information costs required to trade to rise significantly.

Example - the generalised case of n commodities
If there are 2 commodities in the economy, for trade to take place only one price need be known by the trading parties. If there are 3 commodities, the price of commodity A in terms of commodities B and C must be known, and the price of commodity B in terms of commodity C, giving a total of 3 prices. And so on, as the number of commodities rises. For $$n$$ commodities the number of prices is given by:

$${n(n-1)} \over 2$$

Given the presence of a universal denominator of value however, the number of prices that must be known is reduced to $$n$$. (Meltzer, 1998)

The Price Level
Transactions denominated in a common unit of account would determine prices, and it would then be possible to aggregate these prices into a price level for the economy. Given the price level, it is therefore possible to determine inflation. Here money does not affect the real value of the transactions in the economy. Money would therefore be said to be neutral, if the unit of account function were the only function of money in the economy.

The Standard of Deferred Payment
A related function is the standard of deferred payment, whereby money is defined as that entity used to specify future payments for current transactions. Here there is a relation to the store of value function, as the nominal value of money now and at the payment time in the future is invariant, making the contracted future payment affected by the interest rate. Of course, the real value of the future payment is also affected by inflation.

Money under the Unit of Account Function
Put simply, anything that enables transactions to be valued. The definition of money used here can constitute the money stock, bank deposits, etc etc. There is a slight distinction between the money stock defined under the function of money as a means of exchange and the function of money as a unit of account, as prices need not be defined in the currency used as a means of exchange. However in this case an exchange rate between the currency used as a means of account and the currency used as a means of exchange must be known. The money stock is the amount of money as defined under the means of exchange function.

Example - The island of Yap
On the island of Yap in Micronesia, large stones were used as money. Due to the problems associated with transporting such stones, islanders soon moved to an exchange system whereby claims on the stones were used in a transaction. Here the unit of account was the stones, while the means of exchange was the claims (written down on paper). However, there was a well defined exchange rate between claim and stone.

The money supply here does not encompass both the stock of claims and the stock of stones however. It consists of the stock of stones, or the stock of claims as defined by the exchange rate between claim and stone.

Money and Bonds
To analyse this motive for holding money properly we need to distinguish between 'money' and 'bonds'. Bonds here are defined as any sort of asset that pays interest, while money does not pay any interest income. We further assume that the asset allocation choice is purely between money and bonds, that is, a person can only hold either money or bonds, implying that holding money incurs a cost - that of interest income foregone.

The Speculative Motive
Economic agents who hold money for this motive hold it because there is the price of money is invariant to the rate of interest, unlike bonds. It protects the agent from any risk associated with changes in the interest rate.

In this instance, money acts as a store of value, allowing the agent to transfer real purchasing power from the present to the future (assuming inflation is zero). Bonds are not as useful as money here because their value changes with fluctuations in the interest rate.

Money under the Asset Function
So what constitutes money under this definition? Essentially, anything that doesn't pay interest income, but can be used as a store of wealth, and does not change its nominal value under changes in interest rates. In this case, interest bearing bank deposits are not counted as money. The definition of money is likely to be confined to the money stock and non-interest bearing bank deposits.

The Transactions and Precautionary Motives
These motives for holding money were initially postulated by Keynes. The transactions motive is simply that money is required in order to make transactions, and therefore any economic agent who wants to make transactions will want to hold money.

The precautionary motive is related to the transactions motive. In an economy where there is uncertainty regarding the timing of economic transactions, i.e. agents are not certain when they will be able, or want, to make a transaction, an economic agent will want to hold a certain amount of money at all times in order to have some on hand each time he decides to make a transaction. It also means holding of money for a certain purpose like: paying salary/wages to the workers, primarily intended to meet expenditures of the company.

Money under the Means of Exchange Function
Here, anything that can be used in a transaction can be considered money. This definition is fairly broad, encompassing the money stock, bank deposits, mutual funds, funds deposited in checking accounts, etc.


text:
User:Artix Kreiger/Chusquea montana

Chusquea  is a species of Chusquea bamboo in the grass family.

Distribution
Chusquea  is endemic to

title: User:Artix Kreiger/Chusquea montana


text:
User:Aestape2019/Choose an Article

Article Selection
Please list articles that you're considering for your Wikipedia assignment below. Begin to critique these articles and find relevant sources.

Option 3

 * Overtraining
 * Article is in a list format more just stating facts without backing them up in the article. We can definitely add information and edit the page to look and sound better.
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources

Option 4

 * General fitness training
 * Information is very sparse, potential to add a lot of information to this page
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources

title: User:Aestape2019/Choose an Article


text:
Patania iopasalis

Patania iopasalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found in Myanmar, India, Papua New Guinea Thailand, Sri Lanka, Borneo in Indonesia, Taiwan, China and Philippines.

title: Patania iopasalis


text:
User:Bishal Kumar Bhandari

Bhandari has been actively associated with teaching and practicing journalism since 2006. He did his postgraduation in Sociology from Tribuwan University, ‘Development Communication’ from Purbanchal University of Nepal. Presently, he is perusing his PhD degree from Kathmandu University Where he is conducting research on ‘The role of community radio in post conflict good governance’. Mr. Bhandari has a journalistic background and is now working as a freelance writer. He is also a member of federation of Nepalese Journalist (FNJ), and the Treasurer of Comparative Education Society of Nepal (CESON).

title: User:Bishal Kumar Bhandari


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Strip photography (Cablecar)

Strip photography (Cablecar)
Voting period ends on 1 Oct 2017  at 12:01:57 (UTC)
 * Reason:Very interesting example of a novel photographic technique.
 * Articles in which this image appears:Strip photography
 * FP category for this image:Featured pictures/Photographic techniques, terms, and equipment
 * Creator:Dllu

 * Support as nominator – — Chris Woodrich (talk) 12:01, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support --Hameltion (talk, contribs) 12:30, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support -- Absolutely, made me read the article - that's what FPs are for! --Janke | Talk 13:51, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support --PetarM (talk) 17:57, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support as creator - dllu (t,c) 21:43, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support Now this is EV Mattximus (talk) 22:45, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support - Great EV. Never even heard of this before and the picture captures interest. — nihlus kryik   ( talk ) 00:53, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support new to me. Charlesjsharp (talk) 11:27, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support My God, yes. KDS4444 (talk) 09:16, 25 September 2017 (UTC)

--Armbrust The Homunculus 15:16, 1 October 2017 (UTC)


text:
Omero Taddeini

Omero Taddeini (15 July 1901 – 30 September 1978) was an Italian sculptor. His work was part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

title: Omero Taddeini


text:
Annie Lush

Annie Lush (born 11 April 1980) is an English sailor. She was born in Poole, Dorset.

, Lush is 1.78 m tall and weighs 77.5 kg. Lush attended Cambridge University, where she was awarded Blues in rowing, sailing and rugby.

Lush was a candidate for selection for the 2008 Summer Olympics in the Yngling three-person keelboat class with crewmates Lucy MacGregor and double Olympic gold medallist Shirley Robertson. Despite winning the bronze medal at the 2007 World Championships, the trio were overlooked for selection in favour of Sarah Ayton, Sarah Webb and Pippa Wilson who ended up winning gold in the Olympic event.

In 2010 Lush teamed up with sisters Lucy and Kate MacGregor and Mary Rook to win gold at the ISAF women's match racing World Championship in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. The British crew won the final 3–2 over an American team helmed by two-time world title-winner Sally Barkow. At the 2011 Sailing World Championships in Perth, Australia, Lush reached the final of the match-racing event, as part of a crew with Lucy and Kate MacGregor, where they were beaten 4–0 by the United States boat skippered by Anna Tunnicliffe. The three won a gold medal at the 2011 World Cup event in Hyères, France by beating Barkow's crew 3–0 in the final.

Lush was selected to compete for Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the newly created Elliott 6 metres match-racing event. She competed alongside sisters Lucy and Kate MacGregor. Together the three are nicknamed the "Match Race Girls". The event took place at the Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy with the round robin group stage being held from 29 July to 4 August 2012. The team finished 7th in the competition. In 2013 was Annie selected for team SCA Volvo Ocean Race 2014–15, the team was based in Lanzarote, Canary Isles.

title: Annie Lush


text:
Marines, Val-d'Oise

Marines is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.

Twinning
Marines has been twinned with the town of Kington in England since 1979. The two places are of a similar population. In Marines there is a residential side-street called "Place Kington", whilst in Kington there is a covered space by the market hall called "Place-de-Marines".

Education
Schools in Marines:
 * Ecole maternelle des Murgers (preschool)
 * Ecole élémentaire Paul Cézanne
 * Collège des Hautiers (junior high school)

Trivia
Marines is located next to a village called Us. In the surrounding area, both villages are indicated with signs showing both names listed, which reads as "US MARINES". A regular joke in the region is to make people believe that these signs indicate a nearby U.S Marine Corps base.

title: Marines, Val-d'Oise


text:
Agorophius

Agorophius is an extinct genus of toothed whale that lived during the Oligocene period, approximately, in the waters off what is now South Carolina.

Taxonomy
The holotype of Agorophius pygmaeus, MCZ 8761, was first mentioned in an 1848 report on the geology of South Carolina by Michael Tuomey. It was eventually described as Zeuglodon pygmaeus by Johannes Peter Müller in 1849. Louis Agassiz coined the name Phocodon holmesii for the same specimen, classifying it as an odontocete. Later authors considered Zeuglodon pygmaeus a species of either Dorudon or Squalodon, and in 1895 Edward Drinker Cope eventually recognized it as being a distinct genus, which he named Agorophius.

Although the skull is lost and the tooth is the only extant part of MCZ 8761, Fordyce (1981) was able to diagnose Agorophius based on existing descriptions of the skull by Muller, Cope, and Agassiz. New specimens from the Ashley Formation and Chandler Bridge Formation have provided new data on Agorophius, distinguishing it from other Oligocene odontocetes from the US Eastern Seaboard by the condition of its intertemporal condition.

Classification
Agorophius is the type genus of Agorophiidae, named by Abel in 1914. A number of archaic odontocetes (e.g. Archaeodelphis, Microzeuglodon, and Xenorophus) were previously assigned to this family, but are now recognized as belonging to distinct families (Xenorophidae).

title: Agorophius


text:
Sclerolaena bicornis

Sclerolaena bicornis, commonly known as goathead burr, is a perennial shrub in the Amaranthaceae family, native to inland Australia, and found in Queensland, the Northern Territory, South Australia, New South Wales, and Western Australia The Walmajarri people of the Kimberley know the plant as Paka.

It was first described by John Lindley in 1838 in Thomas Mitchell's Three Expeditions into the interior of Eastern Australia. The species epithet, bicornis, is derived from Latin bis ("twice") and cornu ( '' horn"), and describes the plant as having two-horned burrs.

Description
Sclerolaena bicornis is a complexly branched shrub, growing up to 50 cm high. The branches are white and woolly, with widely spaced, slender, semi-terete leaves. The flowers are solitary, with a densely woolly perianth. Stamens 5. The fruiting perianth is woody with a thick white woolly covering except for the final part of the spines.

title: Sclerolaena bicornis


text:
File:TheObsessedIncarnate.jpg

Summary
Album cover for The Obsessed's album Incarnate. Originally found at: http://www.metal-archives.com/

Fair use rationale for Incarnate (The Obsessed album)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) The image is only a small portion of the overall product and serves as an easily identifiable part of a larger entity.
 * 2) The copy of the image is low-resolution and will not produce high-quality copies of the art for illegal duplication. The quality is high enough to clearly present the image and to place the subject represented by the image in a good light.
 * 3) The use of the image will not affect the value of the original work or limit the copyright holder's rights or ability to gain commercially from the work.
 * 4) It illustrates educational articles about the subject represented by the image.
 * 5) The image is used as the primary means of visual identification of topics in the article.
 * 6) It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted image of comparable educational value.  A free image could not be created to replace it without itself being a derivative work.

title: File:TheObsessedIncarnate.jpg


text:
Spanish/Gustar

Gustar only uses the third person singular and plural forms, along with a direct object pronoun: me, te, le, nos, os, les. For example:

Me gusta el perro. I like the dog. Me gustan los perros. I like the dogs. Te gusta el perro. You like the dog. Te gustan los perros. You like the dogs. Le gusta el perro. She like the dog. Le gustan los perros. She like the dogs.

Nos gusta el perro. We like the dog. Nos gustan los perros. We like the dogs. Vos gusta el perro. You like the dog. Vos gustan los perros. You like the dogs. Les gusta el perro. They like the dog. Les gustan los perros. They like the dogs.

There are several verbs like this, such as encantar, fascinar, importar, chocar, and flipar, and are referred to as gustar-type verbs

Back to Spanish.

title: Spanish/Gustar


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Paul Atherton (2nd nomination)

The result was   delete. The Bushranger One ping only 00:52, 28 July 2012 (UTC)

Paul_Atherton
AfDs for this article:
 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

Self-promotion, not encyclopaedic. Peterforever2 (talk) 10:50, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

See the edits by the user User:Amanda Paul. Clearly the individual concerned. Very few references elsewhere to this individual verifiably not written by him. Peterforever2 (talk) 10:51, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Automated comment: This AfD was not correctly transcluded to the log (step 3). I have transcluded it to Articles for deletion/Log/2012 July 12.  Snotbot   t • c »  11:03, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete See no evidence of notability Seasider91 (talk) 11:40, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Television-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 14:58, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Actors and filmmakers-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 14:58, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Businesspeople-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 14:58, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Weak delete According to this, Paul Atherton is Amanda Paul the article's creator. The question is whether the subject is notable. While IMDB does give good references to his movies and media productions, the google search result's here doesn't seem to indicate that he's very notable. But only more submissions by contributors can resolve the issue. --Artene50 (talk) 00:08, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.

 * Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, ItsZippy (talk • contributions) 12:34, 20 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete Not notable. IMDB does not indicate notability because it allows anyone who's acted in a movie or TV show to be listed, regardless of their importance. Anyone can create their own IMBD resume. Each footnote may violate WP:COI because they seem to link to works made by Paul Atherton. -- Apollo1758  ( talk ) 15:04, 20 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Comment - Clearly promotional in intent, with green links all the way into the lead. If this is kept, those must be either removed or shifted to an appropriate place at the end of the piece. No opinion as to notability. Carrite (talk) 18:19, 25 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Instructional design/Cognitive behaviors/Teaching Procedures, page 7

Instructional Design > Cognitive behaviors > Teaching Procedures > Define > Learn > Teach > Routine > Power > Steps > Try > Example

How to Design a Procedure-Using Lesson
The following are the steps for creating a lesson that teaches a procedure.

 * 1) Identify all the steps, break them down to entry level, and write a generality that includes the label (if any), the goal, and the steps at entry level. To do this, you should observe or ask your subject matter expert (SME) about the nature of the post-instructional requirements for using the procedure and assess the entry level of the learners with regard to the steps.
 * 2) Identify and list all  dimensions of divergence and group them into equivalence classes for the procedure. Make sure the generality deals with all of them.
 * 3) Assess the difficulty level of the procedure for the target learners (on, say, a scale of 1-5).
 * 4) Create an instance pool that contains x items per dimension of divergence, where x = the difficulty level times 2.
 * 5) Create a test, using at least one item randomly selected from each dimension of divergence. If the procedure is a difficult one, increase the number of items per dimension.
 * 6) Create practice items, using at least two items randomly selected from each  dimension of divergence . If the procedure is a difficult one, increase the number of items per dimension.
 * 7) Create examples, using at least one item randomly selected from each  dimension of divergence . If the procedure is a difficult one, increase the number of items per dimension. Include appropriate power components, depending on the difficulty level of the procedure.
 * 8) Create the  feedback  for the practice items so as to be virtually identical to the enriched examples.
 * 9) Think about motivational needs and media selection, and modify the instruction as appropriate to each. (This should be done throughout the process, not just after all else is done.)

Note : In general, the number of examples and test items should be about the same, and there should be at least twice as many practice items as examples.

Click Next to continue.

Source
Procedure Using by Charles M. Reigeluth. Used by Permission.


text:
2015 EAP Under-19 Cricket Trophy

The 2015 EAP Under-19 Cricket Trophy was a cricket tournament held in Blenheim, New Zealand, from 24–28 February 2015. The tournament was the sixth edition of the EAP Under-19 Cricket Trophy, and the first to be held in New Zealand. All matches will be held at Horton Park.

The winner of the tournament, Fiji, qualified directly for the 2016 ICC Under-19 World Cup, to be played in Bangladesh. It was Fiji's first tournament win, and they consequently became only the second ICC East Asia-Pacific side to qualify for the World Cup, with Papua New Guinea having won all previous editions. Papua New Guinea defeated Vanuatu in a playoff to gain entry to the 2015 World Cup Qualifier, with the chance to gain the final spot at the World Cup. Two other East Asia-Pacific under-19 sides, Australia and New Zealand, are ICC full members, and thus qualified directly for the World Cup.

Teams and qualification
Teams were unchanged from the 2013 tournament, played on Queensland's Sunshine Coast.

Preparation
Fiji, along with Papua New Guinea the only side to have appeared at every EAP Under-19 Trophy, trained at Buckhurst Park, Suva, with Australian Shane Jurgensen serving as the team's coach for the tournament. The PNG under-19s, nicknamed the Garamuts after a type of slit drum, are to be coached by John Ovia, with assistance from New Zealander Dipak Patel, the coach of the country's senior side. PNG will be captained by Lou Toua, the brother of Olympic weightlifter Dika Toua. Samoa is to be coached by Uala Kaisara, a former Samoan national team player, while Vanuatu will be coached by Shane Deitz.

Fixtures
The tournament incorporated a single round-robin, with each team playing the other once. Fixtures overlapped with the group stages of the 2015 Cricket World Cup, being hosted in Australia and New Zealand at the same time (Blenheim is not hosting any World Cup matches).

After the conclusion of the three-round round-robin, the second and third-place teams (Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu) played off for the right to progress to the 2015 Under-19 World Cup Qualifier. Papua New Guinea won the playoff by 69 runs. On the same day, the first and fourth-place teams (Fiji and Samoa) played a friendly match, which Fiji won by 154 runs. Neither of those matches is included in the table above.

Points table
Source: CricHQ

Most runs
The top five run scorers (total runs) are included in this table.

Source: CricHQ

Most wickets
The top five wicket takers, ranked by wickets taken and then by bowling average, are listed in this table. Source: CricHQ

title: 2015 EAP Under-19 Cricket Trophy


text:
Talk:Photography

Writing with light. I am surprised that thre in no referewnce to this vital subject in your armoury. The current trend being digital photography should excite many people. Let us begin to inform<IP_ADDRESS> 11:49, 30 March 2007 (UTC)George Davis Senior Medical Photographer Croydon England

Courses / projects
maybe put that heading as "See also" Emesee 18:21, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

Merge
Merge not supported. These are different and can continued to be differentiated further as time goes on. Emesee 05:38, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

 * I fully support the merge proposal, and am glad you brought it up for discussion. The Topic namespace is designed to organize content on a particular subject.  The main namespace is there for specific content.  I believe that organizational content here should be moved to the Topic namespace, and the rest could be placed into a specific, more appropriate mainspace, such as "Introduction to Photography".  The Jade Knight (d'viser) 06:20, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

digital SLR not required
I have a fancy Canon, but I do most of my work w/ a Kodak c875 easyshare -- which I can point directly at the Sun with good effect.--JohnBessatalk 14:36, 18 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Photography


text:
English as an Additional Language/Stores, Shopping and Money

Stores are places that sell things. People go to stores to buy things. There are many different types of stores. Each store sells different things. Some stores sell clothes, others sell electronic equipment, and still others sell food, or toys.

Ways to pay
People use money to pay for things, both in person and through virtual platforms.

Cash
Cash is a type of money that is very easy to use. Cash includes paper bills and metal coins. In the United States, cash is also called legal tender and is issued by the US Treasury.

Some businesses are Cash only, and you can only pay in cash. Some businesses will offer a discount or lower price for paying in cash. Some businesses do the opposite and are Cashless - they refuse payment in cash.

Because of it's importance, cash is often refereed to by slang terms such as:
 * Dough
 * Greenbacks
 * Moolah
 * Bread

Check
Another common way to pay for things is with checks. Customers go to banks to open checking accounts, or bank accounts that have checks. Checks are pieces of paper that people give to stores instead of cash. Stores then take the checks to the banks. Then, the banks give the stores money from the bank accounts of their customers.

Cards
The other main way that people pay for things is with cards. A card is a thin piece of plastic that some banks or credit unions issue to their customers. Customers can use cards to buy things more quickly than with checks. Cards come in a variety of forms:
 * Credit Cards - These cards allow a user to pay off purchases at the end of the month.
 * Debit Cards - These cards can be used to pay directly from a checking account.
 * EBT Card - Short for Electronic Benefit Transfer card. These cards are used by those on welfare to make essential purchases.
 * Prepaid Cards - These cards are loaded with a balance, and are then usable at stores. These include two types of cards:
 * General: Branded by a credit card processor, and generally usable anywhere that supports that processor.
 * Gift Cards: Usable only at specific stores.

Electronic
Another way to pay is by using a payment app on a smartphone, or an online payment website.

Kinds of stores
For an overview, retail markets, boutiques, and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity. Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers. Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than "rude booths" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era. In the digital age, an increasing number of retailers are seeking to reach broader markets by selling through multiple channels, including both bricks and mortar and online retailing. Digital technologies that are also affecting the way that consumers pay for goods and services. Retailing support services in many ways may also include the provision of credit, delivery services, advisory services, stylist services and a range of other supporting services.

Most of these modern retailers typically make a variety of strategic level decisions including the type of store, the market to be served, the optimal product assortment, customer service, supporting services, the product variety, and the store's overall market positioning that will indeed impact the future of community success. Once the strategic retail plan is in place, retailers devise the retail mix which includes product, price, place, promotion, personnel, and presentation.

Most stores sell new things but some stores sell old or used items. The advantage of buying used things is that they are cheaper (that is, less expensive). In America, stores sell used books, used clothes, used cars and very old used furniture and other things. Very old used things are called antiques.

Stores are usually physical places but are sometimes virtual places. Online stores are Internet sites where people can buy things. One of the most famous virtual stores is Amazon.com, a web site that sells books and many other things.

Bookstores

There is also a store that sells books and other print media called, bookstores. A bookstore is a store that sells books, and where people can buy them. A used bookstore or second-hand bookshop sells and often buys used books. Bookstores also may contain cafés, play spaces, and reading rooms.

Bookstores doesn't just sell books, they sell magazines, newspaper, DVDs, CDs, Manga, graphic novels, gifts, games, toys, music, brochures, postcards, gift cards, essays, academic journals, textbooks, encyclopedias, dictionaries, travel guides, physical art, Blu-ray, ARCs, merchandise, listicles, stickers, notebooks, almanacs, workbooks, newsletters, radios, podcasts, RSS feeds, and tablets and much more.

Luxury
People go to expensive stores to buy luxury items. This makes them feel good. Nice stores like this are often at malls or shopping centers. Rich Americans buy many luxury items, and so do many lower-income Americans, too. The United States is a consumer society, where people use the money that they make to buy more and more consumer products.

Taxes and Duty Free
Many governments impose a Sales Tax on goods. In some parts of the English speaking world the tax is included in the price shown to the customer. In other parts of the English speaking world, the tax is only shown to the customer at the checkout.

Some items may be tax exempt, meaning tax is not charged. These are typically items considered essential, such as groceries, or school supplies.

Other items may have an excise tax, meaning these are charged a higher tax then usual. These are typically applied to alcohol and tobacco.

On the border and in places where international transit happens, it is sometimes possible to find Duty Free shops, where no or lower tax is charged at the store. This is usually done with the expectation that the tax will be paid when entering the destination country.

Going Shopping
When people go to a store to buy things they say that they are going shopping. When people look for things at a store it is called browsing or window shopping. Sometimes Americans do this as a pleasure activity or to relax. Because of this, people sometimes criticize Americans as being materialistic.

Checking Out
The part of a store where customers pay is called the check-out counter or check-out aisle. There, a clerk, sometimes called a cashier, helps ring up the products to register their prices. To do this, the clerk uses a cash register. If the cash register is computerized, the clerk uses a scanner to ring up the prices. Paying at the register is also called checking out.

Lines and Queues
Sometimes lines of people at the register are long. Some English speaking areas call these such a line a queue, where others simply call it a lone. When this happens, it takes a lot of time to pay and customers have to wait for several minutes. This can be stressful, but many stores place small trinkets, snacks, and magazines here to entice customers to make one last purchase.

Self Checkout
Some stores have done away with the cashier, and have the customer perform a checkout themselves.

A useful feature of these machines is that some are multilingual, and can help learners complete their purchase more easily in their native tongue. However this feature is not always available, nor does it include all languages.

Tipping
Tipping is an important part of some kinds of shopping in certain areas of the English speaking world.


text:
1937 Kansas Jayhawks football team

The 1937 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Six Conference during the 1937 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Adrian Lindsey, the Jayhawks compiled a 3–4–2 record (2–1–2 against conference opponents), finished in third place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 74 to 72. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas.

The team's statistical leaders included Clarence Douglass with 376 rushing yards and 27 points scored (four touchdowns and three extra points), Lyman Diven with 207 passing yards, Max Replogle with 180 receiving yards. George Stapleton was the team captain.

NFL draft
The following Jayhawk was selected in the National Football League draft following the season.

title: 1937 Kansas Jayhawks football team


text:
Category:Television series about single parent families

Television series about single parent families, involving persons who have a child or children but do not have a spouse or live-in partner to assist in the upbringing or support of the child. Reasons for becoming a single parent include divorce, break-up, abandonment, becoming widowed, domestic violence, rape, childbirth by a single person or single-person adoption.


text:
User:AlPiri/sandbox

= CRIMEDIM - Research Center in Emergency and Disaster Medicine =

CRIMEDIM - Research Center in Emergency and Disaster Medicine is a university-wide academic center that conducts research, education and training in the field of disaster medicine and humanitarian health. The center is part of the University of Eastern Piedmont, and it committed to promote innovative research projects and to foster learning and training programs using state of the art technologies to enhance the resilience of health systems in emergency, disaster and humanitarian crisis.

title: User:AlPiri/sandbox


text:
Peacock Committee

The Peacock Committee was a review into financing of the BBC. It was initiated by the Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher on 27 March 1985 and reporting on 29 May 1986. The committee was led by Professor Alan Peacock. The other six members were Samuel Brittan, Judith Chalmers, Jeremy Hardie, Professor Alastair Hetherington, Lord Quinton, and Sir Peter Reynolds.

The government had expected the committee to report that the television licence fee used to fund the BBC should be scrapped. However, the Peacock Committee favoured retaining the licence fee as they believed it was the 'least worst' option.

The immediate recommendations of the report were:
 * BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 2 should be privatised.
 * All television receivers should be built fitted with encryption decoders.
 * The television licence fee should be indexed to inflation and the BBC should become responsible for the collection of the licence fee.
 * The licence fee should be extended to car radios.
 * Pensioners dependent on benefits should be exempt from the licence fee.
 * Not less than 40% of the BBC's and ITV’s output should be sourced from independent producers.
 * The transmission space used by the BBC and ITV overnight should be sold.
 * ITV franchises should be put out to competitive tender
 * Channel 4 should be able to sell its own advertising.
 * Censorship should be phased out.

title: Peacock Committee


text:
Talk:County Waterford

NPOV
Re-edited Déise section. Now NPOV compliant.

I'm new to this, and any assistance will be appreciated. Interested in developing a page about the parish of Aglish and Ballinameela. Will experiment on. Please let me know if I'm duplicating someone else's work

--Pádraig 17:35, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Edited Deise section so it is now NPOV. Have removed NPOV banner as the non-encyclopaedic section has been remeoved and reference data has been added. Jmccormac (talk) 06:59, 11 April 2011 (UTC)

Link Spam
I have removed the link to UpTheDéise.com as it (the link) adds nothing of relevance to the content of the Wikipedia page. If it is felt that the link is suitable then please discuss your rationale behind having it included

(<IP_ADDRESS> 18:34, 13 March 2007 (UTC))
 * I don't particularly object to the link being removed. I did not add it. I did delete a few obvious attempts at linkspam using domain name variations of the official Waterford websites. However I think that some mention of the "dictionary" of Waterford slang is warranted. Perhaps in a separate section about Waterford related books.--Jmccormac 18:39, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

The new lead
The statement in the new lead which was inserted into the county articles is completely misleading; County Waterford is one of the 32 traditional counties - yes. But the traditional county is not co-locational with modern Waterford County Council. Sarah777 (talk) 12:28, 9 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Clarified it with links to the relevant official city and county websites. The traditional county section is now first and the admin section is second. It is not a subtle difference. The administrative centre of a county is not necessarily the same as a that of the county's capital city which, as in the case of many Irish counties, will have its own city council. The issue might be a bit confusing to those unfamiliar with Irish local government because it might appear that a county council is responsible for the entire county rather than just the section of the county outside the main city boundaries. Jmccormac (talk) 19:32, 9 April 2011 (UTC)

County town?
This article asserts that the county town is Waterford, but doesn't provide a source. Different articles -- county town, list of urban areas in the Republic of Ireland by population, Dungarvan -- make contradictory claims on this... and are all unsourced, also. There's also some discussion over on this page. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:48, 8 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Looking at Waterford City and County council website, there is no info on the county town but since June 2014, the monthly council meetings have taken place in Waterford city and Dungarvan. Perhaps someone should ask the council itself? Snappy (talk) 17:10, 9 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Great minds! I sent an email to both the new council and the DoE earlier.  Might give them some light relief between bouts of panic over water.  Won't give us a reliable source if all they do is send me an email back, but it's potentially a start.  Incidentally, both give the main contact address as being Waterford City, though that itself is hardly conclusive of much.  Is there even any clarity as to which was the county town before the initial "split" between city and council councils?  Even the low-grade sources I've been able to find referring to the pre-merger situation seem to alternate between one and the other.  I wonder if one is based on the 20th century situation, and one the earlier one?  The only clearcut period reference I've found is the Edinburgh Encyclopædia of 1832, which I'm not sure I'd take to the bank.  <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:06, 10 November 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on County Waterford. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120217095720/http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census to http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census

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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on County Waterford. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160507023856/http://www.histpop.org/ to http://www.histpop.org/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:28, 13 August 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 23:07, 19 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Waterford Co CoA.png

No source for strange statement
"It was the largest settlement outside Scandinavia and the only large-scale 9th-century Viking settlement discovered to date in Western Europe." This very bold statement is not possible to believe, and it is also without any reference to back it up. Finn Bjørklid (talk) 13:09, 30 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:County Waterford


text:
desafiar

Verb

 * 1) to  to invite someone to take part in a competition

Etymology
From,.

Verb

 * 1) to challenge

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to challenge

Etymology
From +, which is from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to challenge in a competition
 * 2)  to defy, to challenge e.g. parents, a leader, the status quo
 * 3)  to brave
 * 4)  to call out i.e. to criticize or expose
 * 1)  to call out i.e. to criticize or expose

title: desafiar


text:
User:Vishalshinde4315

Masla

Masla is a village in Gangakhed taluka of Parbhani District in Maharashtra. This village is on banks of Godavari River.

title: User:Vishalshinde4315


text:
break bulk

Verb

 * 1) To remove one or more items from the packaging, container, vehicle, or vessel in which shipped with other items.

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: purkaa lastia
 * Russian:

title: break bulk


text:
Robotics/Design Basics/Electronic Components

Basic Electronics
For basic electronics you may want to consult this wikibook and this section on Microcontrollers.

google has some links on PCB fabrication.

Special Electronic Components
There are many electronic components that aren't described in most electronic textbooks, but are very useful in robotics. Most of these components are covered in other section in this book (e.g Sensors and Motors).

A typical robot needs a heat sink on the power transistors connected to its motors and other actuators, but often does not need a heatsink connected to its CPU.


text:
Puzzles/Physics puzzles/Train on Circle

Puzzles | Physics puzzles | Train on Circle

A train goes around a circle, the first time with an average velocity of 100 km/h. How fast should the train be when going around the circle again a second time, so that the average velocity over the two loops is 200 km/h?

Hint | Solution

title: Puzzles/Physics puzzles/Train on Circle


text:
Iwao Taki

Iwao Taki (Japanese name: 瀧巖, 瀧巌, 滝巌, Hiragana: たき いわお, 19 June 1901 - 31 May 1984) was a Japanese malacologist. He described many taxa of Mollusca with Isao Taki (his brother), Tadashige Habe and Tokubei Kuroda.

Life
Iwao Taki was born on 19 June 1901 in Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture. On the suggestion of his brother, Isao Taki, he entered in 1920. He graduated and worked at as a teacher in 1924. The next year, he entered Department of zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto Imperial University. In 1928, he graduated and worked in Seto Marine Biological Laboratory. He returned to Kyoto in August, and he founded The Malacological Society of Japan (Japanese: 日本貝類学会), and was involved in publishing the journal "Venus". In 1929, he became an assistant of department of zoology, Kyoto Imperial University. In 1933, he became assistant professor in the Marine Biological Laboratory at the. In 1950, he was appointed to a professorship of the Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry, Hiroshima University and became a head of marine biological laboratory. He was rarely involved in the graduate research of students because of his position, but he taught Yoichi Kado (1917 - 1985) after the end of World War II. In 1952, he was promoted to professor of the Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry, Hiroshima University and he doubled as professor of the Faculty of Science, Hiroshima University and the head of marine biological laboratory until the next year.

In 1953, he named one of the meritorious men of The Malacological Society of Japan. From 1961 to 1965, he worked as the branch manager of the Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry annex, Hiroshima University Library. After retirement, he became professor emeritus of Hiroshima University. In addition, he served as the president of The Malacological Society of Japan from 1963 to 1978. After his term, he became honorary president of The Malacological Society of Japan. In 1966 when he retired from Hiroshima University, he became a professor at Kansai Gaidai College for one year. Subsequently, he worked as professor of Kansai Gaidai University from 1967 to 1968. After that, he was a professor of Kyoto Sangyo University from 1967 to 1978, Kyoto Sangyo University guest professor from 1978 to 1979 and Kyoto Sangyo University part-time lecturer from 1979 to 1981.

In 1971, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd class.

He died on 31 May 1984 and was raised to.

Molluscan species described by him
The species lists is based on The Malacological Society of Japan (1984)"Molluscan Taxa Described by Dr. Iwao Taki".

Polyplacophora
The list of chitons named by Iwao Taki.
 * Acanthochiton dissimilis Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1931
 * Chiton kurodai Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929
 * Chiton komainus Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929
 * Cryptoplax propior Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1930
 * Ischnochiton (Lepidozona) iyoensis Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929
 * Ischnochiton comptus Gould, 1859 form isaoi Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Ischnochiton (Stenoplax) uenustus Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1931
 * Lepidopleurus hirasei Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929
 * Notoplax (Ikedaella) conicus Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929
 * Notoplax (Notoplax) dalli Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929

Cephalopoda
The list of octopuses and squids named by Iwao Taki.
 * Benthoctopus fuscus Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Benthoctopus violescens Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Callistoctopus arakawai Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Callistoctopus meganocellatus Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Calliteuthis inermis Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Enoploteuthis therarage Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Idioctopus gracilipes Iwao Taki, 1962
 * Megaleledone senoi Iwao Taki, 1961
 * Octopus marginatus Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Octopus (Octopus) mutilans Iwao Taki, 1942
 * Octopus (Octopus) sasakii Iwao Taki, 1942 [for Octopus globosus Sasaki, 1929]
 * Onykia japonica Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Ophisthoteuthis japonica Iwao Taki, 1962
 * Pareledone umitakae Iwao Taki, 1961
 * Paroctopus araneoides Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Paroctopus megalops Iwao Taki, 1964
 * Sasakinella eurycephala Iwao Taki, 1964

Gastropoda
The list of gastropods named by Iwao Taki.
 * Lamellaria utinomii Iwao Taki, 1972
 * Mesophaedusa moriyai Kuroda & Iwao Taki, 1944
 * Oncidella kurodai Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1935
 * Oncidella orientalis Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1935
 * Polynices (mammilla) kurodai Iwao Taki, 1942 [for Natica macrostoma Philippi, 1852]
 * Stereophaedusa costifera Kuroda & Iwao Taki, 1944
 * Tyrannophaedusa kawamotoi Kuroda & Iwao Taki, 1944

Bivalvia
The list of bivalves named by Iwao Taki.
 * Bankia (Bankia) komaii Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Kuphus (Coeloteredo) teredoides Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Kuphus (Idioteredo) kiiensis Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Mesopholus intusgranosa Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Mesopholus nucicola Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Psiloteredo (Phylloteredo) amboinensis Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Psiloteredo (Phylloteredo) kirai Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Psiloteredo (Psiloteredo) pentagonalis Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Scintilia violescens Kuroda & Iwao Taki, 1962
 * Teredo (Lyrodus) taiwanensis Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * Xylophaga rikuzenica Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945

Molluscan taxa described by him
The lists of taxa below are based on The Malacological Society of Japan (1984)"Molluscan Taxa Dedicated to Dr. Iwao Taki".

Genus group taxa

 * genus Callistoctopus Iwao Taki, 1964
 * genus Idioctopus Iwao Taki, 1962
 * subgenus Idioteredo Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * subgenus Ikedaella Isao Taki & Iwao Taki, 1929
 * genus Megaleledone Iwao Taki, 1961
 * genus Mesopholus Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * genus Protoxylophaga Iwao Taki & Habe, 1945
 * genus Sasakinella Iwao Taki, 1964

Family group taxa

 * family Idioctopodidae Iwao Taki, 1962
 * subfamily Megaleledoniae Iwao Taki, 1961

Phylum group taxa

 * subphylum Lecithophora Iwao Taki, 1961
 * subphylum Larvacea Iwao Taki, 1961

Molluscan taxa dedicated to him
Almost all taxa were named using his fullname because of the existence of Taki Isao, a malacologist who studies Chiton and his elder brother.
 * Adipicola iwaotakii (Habe, 1958) [syn. Adula iwaotakii Habe, 1958]
 * Amaea iwaotakii Azuma, 1961
 * Dimya radiata takii Kuroda, 1932
 * Divarilima iwaotakii (Habe, 1961) [syn. Acesta iwaotakii Habe, 1961]
 * Ferreiraella takii (Wu & Okutani, 1984)
 * Galeomma takii Kuroda, 1928
 * Hemiphaedusa hemileuca takii Kuroda, 1936
 * Iwaoa reticulata Kuroda, 1953
 * Monophorus iwaotakii (Kosuge, 1963) [syn. Notosinister iwaotakii Kosuge, 1963]
 * Nipponaphera iwaotakii Habe, 1961
 * Salinator takii Kuroda, 1928
 * Tristichotrochus iwaotakii Azuma, 1961

title: Iwao Taki


text:
Template:2019–20 NHL Metropolitan Division standings/doc

This is a template that was created to easily update every article with the NHL Metropolitan Division standings. To use the update on any article, insert:

To highlight the Carolina Hurricanes, insert:

The following are the codes for the teams in the Metropolitan Division:

 * CAR – Carolina Hurricanes
 * CBJ - Columbus Blue Jackets
 * NJD - New Jersey Devils
 * NYI - New York Islanders
 * NYR - New York Rangers
 * PHI - Philadelphia Flyers
 * PIT - Pittsburgh Penguins
 * WSH - Washington Capitals

Here is the listing of all NHL division and conference standing templates for the 2019–20 NHL season.

 * Template:2019–20 NHL Eastern Conference standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Atlantic Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Metropolitan Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Eastern Conference Wild Card standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Western Conference standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Central Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Pacific Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Western Conference Wild Card standings


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mark Langthorne

The result was   delete. Rjd0060 (talk) 07:23, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

Mark Langthorne

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

Article has been deleted and recreated for many times. Subject lacks of notability and proper reference, reliable source Morning Sunshine (talk) 11:55, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete and SALT. While he most certainly has been associated with more notable people than I'll ever come in contact with, that notability is not transferred. It might make it easier to find sources, but ultimately Langhorne does not have the individual notability that is required for an article all about himself. Since a quick look at the original editor's talk page shows that not only have they repeatedly added this page to Wikipedia but has also been warned against re-adding it (blocking was mentioned), it's highly likely that they will continue to re-add it until the page is salted or until they've been blocked. Or both.Tokyogirl79 (talk) 12:50, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete - WP:NOTRESUME. Routine advertising/PR by likely conflict-of-interest editors. Tarc (talk) 13:07, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete and salt Not seeing anything there that meets WP:BIO criteria. OhNo itsJamie Talk 14:39, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Television-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 15:00, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Fashion-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 15:00, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Actors and filmmakers-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 15:00, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Businesspeople-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 15:01, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete and salt Someone that persistent will no doubt achieve some coverage eventually, but for now, definitely a salting case. Mabalu (talk) 16:20, 12 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
User:Nine-and-fifty swans

Formerly 9and50swans

The trees are in their autumn beauty,

The woodland paths are dry,

Under the October twilight the water

Mirrors a still sky;

Upon the brimming water among the stones

Are nine-and-fifty swans.

The nineteenth autumn has come upon me

Since I first made my count;

I saw, before I had well finished,

All suddenly mount

And scatter wheeling in great broken rings

Upon their clamorous wings.

The Wild Swans at Coole,  W.B.Yeats

I don't have any aspritations to write articles on wikipedia or make substantial edits but I do try to correct some of the mistakes I come across and may make some comments on talk pages. I have a particular interest in number symbolism and the early history of maths, some of which I believe is too simple for those who have studied higher maths to understand.

title: User:Nine-and-fifty swans