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Filmmaking Basics/Planning the Movie/Filming

This Film School page is under construction
 * Lesson
 * WikiU Film School - Lesson #003: Planning the Movie - Filming Considerations

 * Pages of this Lesson
 * Title Page
 * Page 1 - The Animatic
 * Page 2 - Filming   → You Are Here!
 * Page 3 - Animation
 * Page 4 - Aspect Ratio & Frame Size
 * Page 5 - Audio Considerations

 * Current Location
 * Wikiversity (English) $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Humanities $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Art and Design $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Fine Arts $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Film and Television $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Narrative Film Production $$\Leftrightarrow$$  Course #01 - Learning the Basics of Filmmaking $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Lesson #003: Planning the Movie $$\Leftrightarrow$$ Page 2 - Filming

Filming Considerations Today
It will take about three years to complete this movie. Obviously, the state of the art will change over that time. But deciding how to film this movie based in guesses of future developments is not a safe idea. So let's look at what is possible today.

Overall Considerations
Before we can begin making the motion picture, some basic decisions need to be made. Are we filming a live action movie or will this movie be animation? What frame size should be used? What frame rate and what aspect ratio? Which audio? Will this be shot by DV camcorders or by HDV camcorders or HD camcorders or with film cameras?

These decisions are made by the film's Producer... which in this case, is the your instructor (me!). For this movie, I am acting as the Producer. Here is the logic I used to make the decisions up until now.

Note: Throughout the entire filmmaking process, the Producer continues to make decisions. Therefore, you will return to this lesson over and over again to see what new decisions have been made and why.

Filming & Animation
This is both a training exercise and a real motion picture... even if it is very short. Therefore, this movie will be done both as a live action movie and as an animated movie so you will learn more. This is not a far fetched as it might seem since this movie will be storyboarded using 3D software. Therefore, the step to full animation is not be that great. Also, many of the steps will overlap (filming vs. animation) so the effort to do both will not be as great as two times doing it one way.

The Year of HD
Steve Jobs has declared that this is the year of HD. Therefore, I don't think that Steve Jobs will want to demonstrate a movie made at SD resolution. So now we have to decide which frame size we should use. Just saying HD is not enough. We will still have to decide which HD standard we want to use.

Film is the Ultimate Standard
This is a good time to point out one of the great truths about filmmaking. In filmmaking, there is only one standard. That is [[w:film |motion picture film]. Motion picture film is recorded at 24.000 frames per second.  Film is not shot at 23.976 (or more accurately 24.000 *1000/1001) except for some television shows in North America which are edited on NTSC video.

Selecting the Digital Video Camera
Based on today's technology, we have a lot of choices.

DV Camcorders
Today, the lowest cost of filming digitally is by using a DV  Camcorder. Therefore, if you want to make an SD movie in North America (which is NTSC country), you can create a anamorphic 16 by 9 movie which will be distributed on DVD-Video disk using wide (fat = anamorphic) pixels at 720 by 480 pixels.

For all graphic (such as the titles) that means drawing on a square pixel frame of 720 by 540 pixels which will later be squeezed to 720 by 480 using non-square (wide) pixels.

Using most any modern computer, this is easy... though a bit awkward.

HD Camcorders
For now, there are very expensive cameras. That is why currently, most people are using HDV camcorders. (Yes, these two formats are very different even if their names sound the same.)

HDV Camcorders
HDV is rather confusing since HDV uses non-square pixels just like DV (as compared with HD which uses square pixels.) I prefer to work with square pixels since this movie will require lots of compositing.

Conclusion about Cameras
For our movie, we will use:
 * Square Pixels
 * 16:9 aspect ratio
 * 1280 by 720 frame size

 * Anything which is not in this format will be converted to this format before editing.

Lenses
If possible, we will use prime lenses so we can control the depth of field.

Matte Paintings
We will use a Matte Painting wherever possible. We will NOT use greenscreen.

The purpose of this movie is to teach the technologies of filmmaking. Greenscreen is the hot technology of the day... but not the most useful. Therefore, we will explore how matte paintings can be used instead of greenscreen.

Digital Video vs. Film
This movie is short enough to shot on film. If it is possible, we will. If not, DV.

Animation vs. Live Action
As you will see in the next section, we will also do an animated version. That will show you many new and exciting options.

(more later....) Robert Elliott 30 September 2006


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Talk:Gigi D'Agostino

Charts of Discography
Where is the UK chart? BrandNew Jim Zhang  (talk)  05:12, 4 August 2018 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Gigi D'Agostino


text:
Talk:Modern Physics/Introduction to Special Relativity

Special relativity isn't that odd. Telling people it is only puts them off, and makes it harder for them to learn what is really quite simple.

We should try to sound reassuring, not scare the readers away. Carandol 12:40, 17 Jun 2004 (UTC) --

Actually my teaching experience has been the opposite:

1) People are more interested in odd things. Also there is a big difference between odd and simple.

 * Mildly odd things, which they can understand without too much effort, then move on to the next curiosity. I've put titbits in the earlier sections to quirk peoples curiosity, and encourage them to read further, but it's important not to overstate the problem, or people will be put off. Carandol

2) The biggest problem I've found in teaching special relativity is that people try to use their normal intuition, and this causes confusion. A blunt statement that your normal intuition about velocities won't work, helps a lot. Roadrunner 14:43, 17 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Blunt, to me, tends to convey the message, "if you don't like this, get lost." I'd rather aim for a clear but gentle statement, which tries to avoid discouraging anyone. Repeat the first few time that "classical physics gives this result, but that isn't quite right. The real answer is this" and I find people get the message. Carandol 20:57, 17 Jun 2004 (UTC)


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GCSE Science/Parallel and series circuits

GCSE Science/Electricity

You will have already studied series and parallel circuits before, so should be familiar with what a series and parallel circuit is and their basic properties.But in this module we will be looking at them in a little more detail. We will apply Ohm's law to see how we can work out the resistance of a whole circuit that is made up of a large number of components. Before we begin You might want to try some revision questions. Follow the link then come back here when you are finished. GCSE Science/Parallel and series circuits revision questions.

Resistors in Series Circuits
As we know, in a series circuit the current in all parts of the circuit is the same and the current has a one way system. The current depends on the applied voltage and the number of and nature of other components in the circuit.

Consider two resistors in a series circuit with a battery. As you might expect the total resistance in this circuit is higher than the resistance of each resistor, because the battery has to "push" the charge through both resistors one after the other. So the total potential difference of the supply is "shared" between the two resistors.

Think about what is happening to the current as it flows around the circuit. There are no branches, nowhere for the electric current to escape to, so obviously the same current must flow through both resistors. Let's call this current I.

The total resistance for the whole circuit is very simple. It's just R1 plus R2.

Formula for resistance of two resistors in series
RTotal = R1 + R2

The total resistance in a series circuit is the sum of the resistances of all the components.

Using this formula we can calculate the voltage across each resistor. But it could depend on how many resistors there are.

Example: Calculating voltages in a series circuit
Question:

Suppose R1 = 1Ω and R2= 4Ω. If the battery supplies 2.5 Volts what is the voltage across each resistor.

Answer:

First use the total resistance of the circuit to work out how much current is flowing through the circuit.

Step 1: Work out the total resistance

 * identify formula:        RTotal = R1 + R2
 * insert numbers and units  RTotal = 1Ω + 4Ω = 5Ω

Step 2: Use Ohms's law to calculate the current in the circuit. Decide which resistance to use.

 * identify formula(using the triangle):        I = V / R (Ohms's law)
 * decide which resistance to use:               Use RTotal; so formula becomes I = V / RTotal
 * insert numbers and units                      I amps = 2.5V / 5Ω = 0.5A

Now we know how much current is flowing through both resistors, we can work out the voltage across each resistor.

Step 3: Use Ohm's law to calculate the voltage across each resistor:

 * identify formula(using the triangle):        V = I x R
 * insert numbers for resistor 1:                V1 volts = 0.5A x 1Ω = 0.5 Volts
 * insert numbers for resistor 2:                V2 volts = 0.5A x 4Ω = 2.0 Volts

Practice questions

 * Q1)Let R1 = 2Ω, R2= 3Ω, and V=5V what is the voltage across R1 and R2 ?
 * Q2)Let R1 = 3Ω, R2= 3Ω, and V=6V what is the voltage across R1 and R2 ?
 * Q3)Let R1 = 2Ω, V=5V  and I= 1A what is the value of resistor R2 ?

Resistors in Parallel Circuits

Parallel circuits are a bit more complicated than series circuits, because they contain a branch - the electric current will take more than one route. Look at the diagram. At point X the current splits into 2 paths, and flows through both resistor R1 and resistor R2. It may not split in equal amounts. When several(two or more) components are connected in parallel branches, the voltage (potential difference) across each parallel branch is the same. And this is the same as the voltage across the battery.

The current through each component is the same as if it were the only component present. So the total current flowing through the battery is the sum of the currents flowing through each branch. Here is the formula for the currents flowing through a parallel circuit.

IMain = I1 + I2

Because the voltage is the same for all branches, the branch with the lowest resistance has the highest current flowing through it. Because there are more paths for the charge to flow along, the total resistance is less than either of the two paths on their own. And therefore (with the same battery) the current is bigger.

To find out the resistance of the whole circuit, we can't just add together the resistors as we did in the series circuit, we have to apply Ohm's law to each branch of the circuit.

Imagine we replaced the resistors with bulbs. You should now be able to answer the following questions from your previous knowledge.

 * Q4)You disconnect one of the bulbs, does the other stay lit?
 * Q5)You reconnect the disconnected bulb, does the other dim or brighten?
 * Q6)Would it be reasonable to say "each branch of the circuit behaves as if the other branch weren't there" ?

If you answered the above questions correctly you should find this next section easy!

Example: Calculating the resistance of several resistors in parallel
It's best to break the process down into a number of simple steps. Some books may give you a formula to use, but you shouldn't use any formula without understanding where it comes from (otherwise you are likely to remember it incorrectly or apply it inappropriately). By using a simple step by step method instead you can get a feel for why it works, and you will be far less likely to make a mistake in the exam.

Step1 considering each branch on its own, as if the other branch didn't exist use Ohm's law to work out the current flowing through each branch.

Step 2 Add the currents together to find out the total amount of current flowing through the whole circuit.

Step 3 Apply Ohm's law again to work out the total resistance of the circuit.

Example
Suppose V=2V R1 = 1Ω and R2= 1Ω.

Applying Ohm's law to the branch containing R1 gives

I1=V/R1 =2/1 =2A

Applying Ohm's law to the branch containing R2 gives I2=V/R2 =2/1 =2A

Total current = I1+I2 = 4A

Applying Ohm's law again, to the whole circuit.

RTotal =V/Itotal = 2/4 =0.5Ω

Notice that the resistance of the whole circuit is lower than the resistance of either branch!

Practice questions

 * Q7) Calculate the resistance of the above pair of resistors if they had been in series rather than parallel.
 * Q8) A parallel circuit has two resistors, one is 2Ω the other is 3Ω. The voltage is 6V. What is the total resistance of the circuit?
 * Q9) Three resistors are in parallel (three separate branches) their resistances are 2Ω, 2Ω and 3Ω. The voltage is 6V. What is the resistance of the circuit?

Answers | Three useful components>>


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User:Ndcroos/Fusion calculus

In theoretical computer science, Fusion calculus is a process calculus, invented between 1996 and 1998 by Bjorn Victor and Joachim Parrow. The aim is to simplify the π-calculus and to model concurrent constraint programming.

bisimulation

Formal Definition
Syntax

Categorical Model
initial algebra

coalgebra

presheaf

Encoding of the lambda calculus

title: User:Ndcroos/Fusion calculus


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Indo-European languages

This page provides a classification of the Indo-European languages and analyses of the major European languages.

For an overview of the Indo-European languages, including spread and classification, please see Wikipedia's article on Indo-European languages.

Germanic Languages

 * Western Germanic
 * Anglo-Frisian
 * English Languages/Anglic
 * Old English (OE:Anglo-Saxon; spoken between approx. 450 - 1100 CE)
 * Middle English (ME:Anglo-Norman; spoken between approx. 1100 - 1500 CE)
 * Yola Language (spoken between ? - mid-16th century CE)
 * Early Modern English (EMnE; spoken between approx. 1500 - 1650 CE)
 * Modern English (MnE; spoken beginning approx. 1650 - present) However, there are some divergent dialects of Modern English where phonology and orthography vary, particularly among British English (including South African English, Australian English, etc.) and North American English.
 * Scots
 * Early Scots (spoken between approx. ? - 1450 CE)
 * Middle Scots (spoken between 1450 - 1700 CE)
 * Modern Scots
 * Frisian Languages
 * West Frisian
 * Saterland Frisian
 * North Frisian
 * Middle Frisian (spoken between approx. 1500 - 1820 CE)
 * Old Frisian (spoken between approx. 700 - 1500 CE)
 * Low German
 * Dutch Low German
 * West Low German
 * East Low German
 * Low Franconian Languages (sometimes defined as separate branch of West German)
 * Afrikaans
 * Dutch
 * Flemish
 * High German
 * German
 * Yiddish
 * Luxembourgish
 * Central German Dialects
 * Upper German Dialects
 * Vilamovian
 * Northern Germanic (Scandinavian)
 * Danish
 * Icelandic
 * Norwegian
 * Swedish
 * Faeroese
 * Norn
 * Elfdalian
 * East Germanic (extinct)
 * Gothic
 * Crimean Gothic
 * Vandalic
 * Burgundian

Romance Languages

 * Western Romance
 * Gallo-Romance
 * French
 * Norman
 * Picard
 * Walloon
 * Francoprovençal
 * Occitano-Romance
 * Occitan
 * Catalan/Valencian
 * Aragonese
 * Ibero-Romance
 * Spanish
 * Astur-leonese
 * Asturian
 * Leonese
 * Mirandese
 * Extremaduran
 * Galician-Portuguese
 * Galician
 * Portuguese
 * Fala
 * Gallo-Italic
 * Piedmontese
 * Ligurian
 * Emilian-Romagnol
 * Lombard
 * Rhaeto-Romance
 * Friulian
 * Ladin
 * Romansch
 * Italo-Dalmatian
 * Italian
 * Venetian
 * Istriot
 * Dalmatian (extinct, spoken until the 19th century)
 * Tuscan
 * Corsican
 * Neapolitan
 * Sicilian
 * Southern Romance
 * Sardinian
 * African Romance (extinct)
 * Eastern Romance
 * Romanian
 * Aromanian
 * Megleno-Romanian
 * Istro-Romanian

Slavic Languages

 * 'Western
 * Czech
 * Polish
 * Slovak
 * Sorbian (also called Lusatian or Wendish - a Slavic language spoken by an isolated group in East Germany)
 * Eastern
 * Belarussian
 * Russian
 * Ukrainian
 * Southern
 * Bulgarian
 * Croatian
 * Macedonian
 * Serbian
 * Slovenian

Baltic

 * Latvian
 * Lithuanian

Celtic

 * Brythonic
 * Breton
 * Welsh
 * Welsh Language
 * Cornish
 * Goidelic
 * Irish
 * Irish
 * Scottish Gaelic
 * Scottish Gaelic
 * Manx

Albanian

 * Tosk
 * Standard Albanian
 * Arbëresh
 * Arvanitiki
 * Gheg

Indo-Iranian

 * Indo-Aryan (Indic)
 * Assamese
 * Bengali
 * Bihari
 * Gujarati(ગુજરાતી)
 * HIndi(हिन्दी)
 * Urdu(اردو)
 * Marathi
 * Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)
 * Romani
 * Sanskrit
 * Sindhi
 * Singhalese
 * Iranian
 * Avestan
 * Baluchi
 * Persian
 * Kurdish
 * Pashto (Afghan)
 * Sogdian

title: Indo-European languages


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Speaker of the British House of Commons election

The following is a list of elections for the office of Speaker of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom:

 * 1895 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 1951 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 1965 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 1971 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 1976 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 1983 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 1992 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 2000 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 2009 Speaker of the British House of Commons election
 * 2019 Speaker of the British House of Commons election


text:
Karakoram Express

Karakoram Express is a passenger train operated daily by Pakistan Railways between Karachi and Lahore. The trip takes approximately 17 hours and 45 minutes to cover a published distance of 1241 km, traveling along a stretch of the Karachi–Peshawar Railway Line, Khanewal–Wazirabad Branch Line and Shahdara Bagh–Sangla Hill Branch Line. The train is named after the famous Karakoram mountain range of northern Pakistan.

History
Karakoram Express was inaugurated on 14 August 2002. This was during a period where Pakistan Railways went through several "facelifts" under Pervez Musharraf's government (including Karachi Express, Tezgam and Shalimar Express). Karakoram Express acquired the title of the "fastest train in Pakistan".

Route

 * Karachi Cantonment–Khanewal Junction via Karachi–Peshawar Railway Line
 * Khanewal Junction–Sangla Hill Junction via Khanewal–Wazirabad Branch Line
 * Sangla Hill Junction–Shahdara Bagh Junction via Shahdara Bagh–Sangla Hill Branch Line
 * Shahdara Bagh Junction–Lahore Junction via Karachi–Peshawar Railway Line

Station stops

 * Karachi Cantonment
 * Hyderabad Junction
 * Rohri Junction
 * Bahawalpur
 * Khanewal Junction
 * Toba Tek Singh
 * Faisalabad
 * Lahore Junction

Equipment
The train operates 13 economy carriages, 4 AC Business carriages, 1 power van and 1 luggage van.

title: Karakoram Express


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Two of a Kind (Ray Drummond and John Hicks album)

Two of a Kind is an album by American jazz pianist John Hicks and bassist Ray Drummond recorded in 1986 and 1987 and released on the Theresa label. The 1992 Evidence CD reissue added three bonus tracks.

Reception
Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars stating "They were a true duo, each player conscious of the other but able to make his own way".

Track listing

 * 1) "I'll Be Around" (Alec Wilder) - 4:41
 * 2) "Take the Coltrane" (Duke Ellington) - 4:42
 * 3) "Very Early" (Bill Evans) - 7:31
 * 4) "I'm Getting Sentimental Over You" (Ned Washington, George Bassman) - 7:03
 * 5) "For Heaven's Sake" (Elise Bretton, Sherman Edwards, Donald Meyer) - 6:07
 * 6) "Come Rain or Come Shine" (Harold Arlen, Johnny Mercer) - 5:14
 * 7) "A Rose Without a Thorn" (Abdul Salim) - 7:33
 * 8) "Without a Song" (Edward Eliscu, Billy Rose, Vincent Youmans) - 6:08
 * 9) "A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square" (Eric Maschwitz, Manning Sherwin) - 4:29
 * 10) "Parisian Thoroughfare" (Bud Powell) - 3:00
 * 11) "Springtime Fantasy" (John Hicks) - 3:57

Personnel

 * John Hicks - piano
 * Ray Drummond - bass


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Tuovi

Etymology
Invented in 1859 by Y.S.Yrjö-Koskinen for the heroine of a short story, from the Finnish place name, Swedish , possibly a contraction of +  ("village of Tove").

title: Tuovi


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Talk:David Axmark

What's a "Series A financing"?
What does it mean when someone "[makes] a Series A financing for" a company?

The article says: During early 2010 David made a Series A financing for OrangeHRM, "The World's Most Popular Open Source Human Resource Management Software." David is a director at OrangeHRM. but I can't make any sense of that. Can someone make it clearer? Gronky (talk) 20:15, 12 April 2013 (UTC)

SkySQL Noteworthy Developments
Conrad T. Pino (talk) 18:02, 4 October 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on David Axmark. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080223074057/http://www.mysql.com/company/management.html to http://www.mysql.com/company/management.html

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 01:37, 2 July 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Axmark


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User:Fellymar/sandbox

Gestion Maritime Group is a Maritime Operator and Shipping Private Equity Manager.

History
Gestion Maritime was founded in Monaco in 1976 by Francesco Corrado, the grandson of shipping magnate Andrea Corrado. With roots dating back to 1908, when Andrea Corrado began his first shipping enterprise, the company currently employs over 300 people.

Danilo Carlo Fumarola, who joined the company in 2002, took over as CEO from Francesco Corrado in 2010. Giovanni Corrado, son of Francesco Corrado, serves as President of Gestion Maritime Group. Francesco Corrado died in 2013.

Risk and Investment Management
Gestion Maritime Investments manages the non-operational, Financial Risk and Shipping Investments for the group, and is co-owned and managed in partnership with Richard George Stephenson, a seasoned investment management, alternative investment and financial risk management professional. Stephenson served as risk and investment advisor to Gestion Maritime from 2013 to 2016, and joined the board in 2016. He serves as non-executive chairman of Gestion Maritime (UK) Limited.

Professor Nikos Nomikos of the Costas Grammenos Centre for Shipping Finance at Cass Business School serves on the risk committee of Gestion Maritime Investments, and contributes meaningfully to internal risk and investment research. Professor Nomikos is co-author of “Shipping Derivatives and Risk Management”, which is recognized as the industry reference text for the risk management of shipping investments.

title: User:Fellymar/sandbox


text:
Talk:Riyadh International Book Fair

Help desk
, I am sorry this AfC submission has dragged on for so ridiculously long. I have worked on this article, trying for balance and more independent sources; the topic is notable and there are independent sources, so I'm sure that it will pass review soon. This isn't strictly necessary, but I can't find a suitable illustration; have you been to the fair? Did you take any photos you could upload to Commons? HLHJ (talk) 06:33, 9 December 2019 (UTC)

Can't find illustrations... Does anyone have any? HLHJ (talk) 21:09, 17 December 2019 (UTC)

Sourcing
Sourcing this article is interesting. The event is run by the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Culture and Information, and the government also controls all the media in Saudi Arabia, so there are no domestic independent sources. Some publishers are also a bit beholden. Some notable bloggers are actually better sources than the domestic conventional media (especially reporting on their own direct experiences). And no doubt there are lots of good non-English-language sources, and I would welcome their inclusion. HLHJ (talk) 00:38, 18 December 2019 (UTC)

I've inline-text-attributed claims made by non-independent sources (and contrasted them, where they contradict). This seems to be a highly-politicized event. HLHJ (talk) 21:42, 18 December 2019 (UTC)

Publisher reliability, on-record
“Riyadh book fair is the most important book fair in the Arab world in terms of sales and attendance. This is not in question,” said Adel Al Hawshan, owner of Tuwa Media and Publishing. “This book fair accounts for at least 70% of our sales, and I know the number is similar to many Arab publishers.” The first is contradicted by independent sources; the second estimate seems a bit high, too, really, considering that more independent sources say that there are a half-dozen or so Arab-world book fairs which have larger attendance than Riyadh, in some cases by a factor of two.

Given the financial pressures not to contradict the government, which also makes inflated statements of size, I don't think we can rely on on-record statements of publishers to be accurate. HLHJ (talk) 04:18, 6 January 2020 (UTC)

Miscellany
-- Hoary (talk) 13:32, 11 March 2020 (UTC)
 * "2003-2005 Saudi Arabian protests" (so redlinked): What were these? I don't notice any mention of them within any article.
 * "It was criticized for lacking technical computer science books": Wondering whether this meant (A) "computer science books aside from the very elementary" or (B) "either technical or computer science books", I looked in the (ho-hum) source. This supports neither; I therefore removed this particular criticism.
 * "Some were arrested (3, according to Sabq.org,...)". This appeared twice; I removed one.
 * "three, according to Sabq.org": Two sources are provided: one at zeenews.india.com and another at al-bab.com; neither at sabq.org. Ummm?
 * "he has had no contact with his family" → "as of [WHEN?], his family had not heard from him"?

 * Revisiting the five above, ten days later:
 * The first: Still a mystery.
 * The second and third: I fixed both (as explained above).
 * The fourth and fifth: I should have looked into the linked sources. I've now done so, and edited accordingly. Neither is any longer an issue.
 * The first remains an issue. Just what were the "2003-2005 Saudi Arabian protests"? (, do you know?) -- Hoary (talk) 04:10, 21 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Fixed. (See the subsection immediately below.) -- Hoary (talk) 01:42, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

"2003-2005 Saudi Arabian protests"
I asked about the redlink "2003-2005 Saudi Arabian protests" back on 21 March. Even now, the article says: "The 2003-2005 Saudi Arabian protests saw calls and petitions for a constitutional monarchy and more electoral power." The source provided for this just talks of "a wave of human rights petitions in 2003-05". I can't criticize this article for en:Wikipedia's deficiencies elsewhere; but anyway all I see elsewhere in en:WP about these protests is:
 * Signs of discontent continued. [...] More than 300 Saudi intellectuals – women as well as men – signed a petition in September 2003, calling for far-reaching political reforms. A month later, police had to break up an unprecedented rally in the centre of Riyadh calling for political reform. More than 270 people were arrested. (Modern history of Saudi Arabia)

(There's no mention of this petition in Histoire de l'Arabie saoudite or even 2003_في_السعودية.) So, HLHJ (or anyone else), how about "From 2003 to 2005 there were petitions for human rights and a constitutional monarchy"? (I hesitate to make the edit myself, because I know very little about the subject area.) -- Hoary (talk) 02:13, 26 March 2020 (UTC)

 * What say? (I'd like to wrap up this DYK nomination this weekend; indeed, today if possible.) -- Hoary (talk) 21:46, 26 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Sorry, yes, that would be OK; I trust you have no objection to my restoring a link later if I can find/write up something suitable to link it to. I have seen a few references to this period in different sources, so I think it's likely doable. HLHJ (talk) 01:23, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Good: I changed the text in the article accordingly. Putting aside for a moment the question of more general protests over the two year period, it seems to me that a petition signed by "[m]ore than 300 Saudi intellectuals" would definitely merit a paragraph somewhere, and very likely a section of an article, or indeed an entire article. So yes, as a user of en:WP, I'd very much welcome one or more more bluelinks in this part of this article. -- Hoary (talk) 01:41, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

Consistency of dates and spelling
Noticing that the great majority of dates were in DMY format but that a minority were in MDY format, I switched examples of the latter to the former and added a template to the top of the article announcing that DMY applied. I hope that nobody minded/minds.

The article now is a bit of a mishmash of spellings considered American and spellings considered British. Eventually, somebody's going to complain, and somebody's going to have to spend quite some time Briticizing the American or Americanizing the British. (Yes, yes, somebody might want it to be Canadian or whatever. But I'm trying to keep this simple.) The later this happens, the more work it's going to be. So, as you're the de facto creator of the article, I recommend that you choose, quickly. If you're as little interested as I am in such matters, I gently recommend "Oxford spelling" (sufficiently neutral to be used by the UN): start by simply plonking at the top of this talk page, and work from there. -- Hoary (talk) 13:14, 22 March 2020 (UTC)

 * NB I'm not saying that regularization of spelling is a requirement for DYK. It certainly is not. But the earlier it's started (in one direction or another), the less work will be required to complete it. -- Hoary (talk) 01:28, 24 March 2020 (UTC)

 * (edit conflict) Um. I'm afraid you're right, I don't use any of those spellings. I don't know if there are automated tools for this... I think I may be even less interested in such matters, and I'm inclined to feel that if anyone were to complain about my spelling inconsistency, they are welcome to standardize it (I think this is the first time I've had my inconsistency mentioned on Wikipedia). The MOS guideline does request a consistent style, but the idea of consciously learning and remembering to use a standard national spelling, which must be more complex than the illustrating table, fills me with despair. It seems there's no requirement to have a tag, though I suppose it might be advisable if a lack of tag would cause conflict. Thank you for the recommendation; Oxford Spelling's "-ize" makes sense, as even Britons and Australians do in fact voice that consonant (but then, "analyce, paralyce, catalyce" as pronunciations? while I'm glad that Oxford spelling opposes spellings "in opposition to that which is at once etymological and phonetic", I'd feel that phonetics should trump etymology). I do have strong opinions on date order; I like YYYY-MM-DD, which makes alphabetical order chronological and is very handy for data processing (plus it's ISO 8601), and I'll accept naming the month rather than numbering it, because while language-specific it's unambiguous and regexes are my friends, mostly. As that's not an option, DMY is fine; I think I just took the default from the sources. Thank you for having done some of this tedious formatting. I'm strongly inclined to leave the rest of the task to someone who enjoys it, as I know some editors do... HLHJ (talk) 04:05, 24 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Really, it's no biggie. Toward the end of my first comment, "and work from there" was carelessly phrased; I should instead have written "and interested editors can work from there". (Oh, and I like YYYY-MM-DD too, for those very same reasons.) -- Hoary (talk) 05:52, 24 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Riyadh International Book Fair


text:
Elmer Hildebrand

Elmer Hildebrand  (born 1935) is a Canadian businessman, investor, philanthropist and broadcaster from Altona, Manitoba and current CEO & President of Golden West Broadcasting (Canada). Hildebrand joined Golden West in 1961, just four years after its inception, and served as president for many decades, growing the company to more than forty radio stations, and the largest independent radio broadcaster in Canada. He is a former director of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters and was inducted into the CAB Hall of Fame, Manitoba Business Hall of Fame, and Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame. He also served as President of the Mennonite Heritage Village in Steinbach, Manitoba.

He was awarded the Order of Manitoba in 2007 and made a member of the Order of Canada in 2013.

He lives in Winnipeg with his wife Hilda and also owns a historic Mennonite housebarn in Neubergthal, Manitoba, a National Historic Site of Canada.

title: Elmer Hildebrand


text:
User:BigStalex

Hi there, I'm BigStalex. Although I was born and raised in Arizona, USA, I now live in Massachusetts, USA with my wife and three cats. Most of my skills and interests are in (but not limited to) computers, leathercraft, biology, and photography. I don't edit much on Wikipedia, but I spend a lot of time reading, and look forward to making my own small contributions whenever I feel moved to do so.

title: User:BigStalex


text:
Classical mechanics (MIT)

Course equivalences
MIT 8.08

Mathematical background
The most important new concept for classical mechanics are the Euler-Lagrange equations.

Bulletin board
I have the Landau and Thornton texts listed on the MIT required texts page. Are there any online texts for students who don't currently have these? Thanks for this study guide! Ron 15:04, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

Study hints
The basic study hint is to start with the Langrangian and just mechanically do with Euler-Langrange calculations until it is second nature. One thing that I found useful is to just skim the theory and the proofs, and focus on the mechanics of how to work out the problem. Roadrunner 15:29, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

The other problem is that Classical mechanics courses tend to take a historical approach and they leave out a lot of cool stuff like Study guide:Chaos theory. Something useful to look at is Dynamics, the Geometry of Behavior from http://www.aerialpress.com/, which is my model for what a physics textbook should look like. Roadrunner 15:42, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

 * What about the classical text by Goldstein? That might be useful too. --HappyCamper 17:12, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

Resources

 * MIT Course
 * Structure and Interpretation of Classical Mechanics - Just a note, this is a good text, but it does not have enough worked out problems.

title: Classical mechanics (MIT)


text:
Compiler Construction/Lexical analysis

Lexical Analysis
Lexical analysis is the process of analyzing a stream of individual characters (normally arranged as lines), into a sequence of lexical tokens (tokenization. for instance of "words" and punctuation symbols that make up source code) to feed into the parser. Roughly the equivalent of splitting ordinary text written in a natural language (e.g. English) into a sequence of words and punctuation symbols. Lexical analysis is often done with tools such as lex, flex and jflex.

Strictly speaking, tokenization may be handled by the parser. The reason why we tend to bother with tokenising in practice is that it makes the parser simpler, and decouples it from the character encoding used for the source code.

For example given the input string: integer aardvark := 2, b;

A tokeniser might output the following tokens: keyword integer word aardvark assignment operator integer 2 comma word b semi_colon

What is a token
In computing, a token is a categorized block of text, usually consisting of indivisible characters known as lexemes. A lexical analyzer initially reads in lexemes and categorizes them according to function, giving them meaning. This assignment of meaning is known as tokenization. A token can look like anything: English, gibberish symbols, anything; it just needs to be a useful part of the structured text.

Consider the following table:

Tokens are frequently defined by regular expressions, which are understood by a lexical analyzer such as lex. The lexical analyzer reads in a stream of lexemes and categorizes them into tokens. This is called "tokenizing." If the lexer finds an invalid token, it will report an error.

Following tokenizing is parsing. From there, the interpreted data may be loaded into data structures, for general use, interpretation, or compiling.

Consider a text describing a calculation : "46 - number_of(cows);". The lexemes here might be: "46", "-", "number_of", "(", "cows", ")", and ";". The lexical analyzer will denote lexemes 4 and 6 as 'number' and - as character, and 'number_of ' as a separate token. Even the lexeme ';' in some languages (such as C) has some special meaning.

The whitespace lexemes are sometimes ignored later by the syntax analyzer. A token doesn't need to be valid, in order to be recognized as a token. "cows" may be nonsense to the language, "number_of" may be nonsense. But they are tokens nonetheless, in this example.

Finite State Automaton
We first study what is called a finite state automaton, or FSA for short. An FSA is usually used to do lexical analysis.

An FSA consists of states, starting state, accept state and transition table. The automaton reads an input symbol and moves the state accordingly. If the FSA reaches the accept state after the input string is read until its end, the string is said to be accepted or recognized. A set of recognized strings is said to be a language recognized by the FSA.

Suppose this language in which each string starts with 'ab' and ends with one or more 'c'. With state class, this can be written like this: State s0 = new State , s1 = new State , s2 = new State , s3 = new State ; s0.setTransition ('a', s1); s1.setTransition ('b', s2); s2.setTransition ('c', s3); s3.setTransition ('c', s3);

State r[] = s0.move (inputString); if (Arrays.asList (r).contains (s3)) System.out.println ("the input string is accepted."); else System.out.println ("the input string is not accepted.");

Suppose an input string "abccc". Then the automaton moves like: s0 -> s1 -> s2 -> s3 -> s3 -> s3.

Simple Hand-Written Scanning
In this section, we'll create a simple, object-oriented scanner / lexer for a simple language implemented in Object Pascal. Consider the following EBNF: program    ::= { instruction } instruction ::= "print" expr | "var" IDENTIFIER ":=" expr expr       ::= simple-expr [ ("<" | "<>" ) simple-expr ] simple-expr ::= factor { ( "+" | "-" ) factor } factor     ::= INTEGER | IDENTIFIER where INTEGER   = [0-9]+ IDENTIFIER = [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]* From the above EBNF, The tokens we're about to recognize are: IDENTIFIER, INTEGER, keyword "print", keyword "var", :=, +, -, <, <>, EOF and unknown token. The chosen tokens are intended for both brevity and the ability to recognize all types of token's lexeme: exact single character (+, -, <, EOF and unknown), exact multiple character (print, var, := and <>), infinitely many (IDENTIFIER, INTEGER and unknown), overlapping prefix (< and <>) and overlapping as a whole (IDENTIFIER and keywords). Identifier and keywords here are case-insensitive. Note that some lexemes are classified to more than one type of lexeme.

The Token Class
The base class of a token is simply an object containing line and column number where it's declared. From this base class, tokens with exact lexeme (either single or multiple characters) could be implemented as direct descendants. Next, we need to create descendant for token with variadic lexeme: The only difference from the base token class is the lexeme property, since it possibly has infinitely many forms. From here, we create descendant classes for tokens whose lexeme is infinitely many: That's all for the token, on to the lexer.

The Lexer Class
A lexer consists of its position in the source code (line and column), the stream representing the source code, current (or last recognized / formed) token and last character read. To encapsulate the movement in the source code, reading character from the stream is implemented in GetChar method. Despite its maybe simple look, the implementation could be complicated as we'll see soon. GetChar is used by public method NextToken, whose job is to advance lexer movement by 1 token ahead. On to GetChar implementation: As stated earlier, GetChar's job is not as simple as its name. First, it has to read one character from the input stream and increment the lexer's column position. Then it has to check whether this character is one of the possible line endings (our lexer is capable of handling CR-, LF- and CRLF-style line ending). Next is the core of our lexer, NextToken: As you can see, the core is a (probably big) case statement. The other parts is quite self documenting and well commented. Last but not least, the constructor: It sets up the initial line and column position (guess why it's 1 for line but 0 for column :)), and also sets up the first token available so CurrentToken would be available after calling the constructor, no need to explicitly call NextToken after that.

Test Program
As an exercise, you could try extending the lexer with floating point numbers, strings, numbers with base other than 10, scientific notation, comments, etc.

Compiling Channel Constant
Lexical Analysis Tool

Scanning via a Tool - JavaCC
JavaCC is the standard Java compiler-compiler. Unlike the other tools presented in this chapter, JavaCC is a parser and a scanner (lexer) generator in one. JavaCC takes just one input file (called the grammar file), which is then used to create both classes for lexical analysis, as well as for the parser.

In JavaCC's terminology the scanner/lexical analyser is called the token manager. And in fact the generated class that contains the token manager is called ParserNameTokenManager. Of course, following the usual Java file name requirements, the class is stored in a file called ParserNameTokenManager.java. The ParserName part is taken from the input file. In addition, JavaCC creates a second class, called ParserNameConstants. That second class, as the name implies, contains definitions of constants, especially token constants. JavaCC also generates a boilerplate class called Token. That one is always the same, and contains the class used to represent tokens. One also gets a class called ParseError. This is an exception which is thrown if something went wrong.

It is possible to instruct JavaCC not to generate the ParserNameTokenManger, and instead provide your own, hand-written, token manager. Usually - this holds for all the tools presented in this chapter - a hand-written scanner/lexical analyser/token manager is much more efficient. So, if you figure out that your generated compiler gets too large, give the generated scanner/lexical analyzer/token manager a good look. Rolling your own token manager is also handy if you need to parse binary data and feed it to the parsing layer.

Since, however, this section is about using JavaCC to generate a token manager, and not about writing one by hand, this is not discussed any further here.

Defining Tokens in the JavaCC Grammar File
A JavaCC grammar file usually starts with code which is relevant for the parser, and not the scanner. For simple grammars files it looks similar to:

options { LOOKAHEAD=1; }

PARSER_BEGIN(ParserName) public class ParserName { // code to enter the parser goes here } PARSER_END(ParserName)

This is usually followed by the definitions for tokens. These definitions are the information we are interested in in this chapter. Four different kinds, indicated by four different keywords are understood by JavaCC when it comes to the definition of tokens:

 * TOKEN
 * Regular expressions which specify the tokens the token manager should be able to recognize.

 * SPECIAL_TOKEN
 * SPECIAL_TOKENs are similar to TOKENS. Only, that the parser ignores them. This is useful to e.g. specify comments, which are supposed to be understood, but have no significance to the parser.

 * SKIP
 * Tokens (input data) which is supposed to be completely ignored by the token manager. This is commonly used to ignore whitespace. A SKIP token still breaks up other tokens. E.g. if one skips white space, has a token "else" defined, and if the input is "el se", then the token is not matched.

 * MORE
 * This is used for an advanced technique, where a token is gradually built. MORE tokens are put in a buffer until the next TOKEN or SPECIAL_TOKEN matches. Then all data, the accumulated token in the buffer, as well as the last TOKEN or SPECIAL_TOKEN is returned.

 * One example, where the usage of MORE tokens is useful are constructs where one would like to match for some start string, arbitrary data, and some end string. Comments or string literals in many programming languages match this form. E.g. to match string literals, delimited by ", one would not return the first found " as a token. Instead, one would accumulate more tokens, until the closing " of the string literal is found. Then the complete literal would be returned. See Comment Example for an example where this is used to scan comments.

Each of the above mentioned keywords can be used as often as desired. This makes it possible to group the tokens, e.g. in a list for operators and another list for keywords. All sections of the same kind are merged as if just one section had been specified.

Every specification of a token consists of the token's symbolic name, and a regular expression. If the regular expression matches, the symbol is returned by the token manager.

Simple Example
Lets see an example:

// // Skip whitespace in input // if the input matches space, carriage return, new line or a tab, // it is just ignored // SKIP: { " " | "\r" | "\n" | "\t" }

// Define the tokens representing our operators // TOKEN: { < PLUS: "+" > | < MINUS: "-" > | < MUL:  "*" > | < DIV:  "/" > }

// // Define the tokens representing our keywords // TOKEN: { < IF:   "if" > | < THEN: "then" > | < ELSE: "else" > }

All the above token definitions use simple regular expressions, where just constants are matched. It is recommended to study the JavaCC documentation for the full set of possible regular expressions.

When the above file is run through JavaCC, a token manager is generated which understands the above declared tokens.

Comment Example
Eliminating (ignoring) comments in a programming language is a common task for a lexical analyzer. Of course, when JavaCC is used, this task is usually given to the token manager, by specifying special tokens.

Basically, a standard idiom for JavaCC has evolved on how to ignore comments. It combines tokens of kind SPECIAL_TOKEN and MORE with a lexical state. Lets assume we e.g. have a programming language where comments start with a --, and either end with another -- or the end of the line (this is the comment schema of ASN.1 and several other languages). Then a way to construct a scanner for this would be:

// // Start of comment. Don't return as token, instead // shift to special lexical state. // SPECIAL_TOKEN: { <"--"> : WithinComment }

// // While inside the comment lexicals state, look for end // of comment (either another '--' or EOL). Don't return // the (accumulated data). Instead switch back to normal // lexical state //  SPECIAL_TOKEN: {    <("--" | "\n" )> : DEFAULT }

// // While inside the comment state, accumulate all contents //  MORE: { <~[]> }

title: Compiler Construction/Lexical analysis


text:
I Am You Are

I Am You Are is the début album by the Italian psychedelic rock band Jennifer Gentle, released in 2001.

Track list

 * 1) Sound Check
 * 2) Sweet Girl, I Love You!
 * 3) Rubber and South
 * 4) Rudy's Key Balls
 * 5) No Mind in My Mind
 * 6) Bring Them
 * 7) Always Been Together
 * 8) The Strumpfhose Melodie
 * 9) Caterpillar Song
 * 10) Husbands
 * 11) The Pilots
 * 12) Single I've Seen the Seas

title: I Am You Are


text:
valvonta

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) monitoring, surveillance
 * 2) supervision
 * 3) inspection, control
 * 4)  staying awake, staying up

title: valvonta


text:
Cell Biology/JWSchmidt

Pep Talks and Orientation
Currently (just starting out!) there is only one person, John Schmidt, who has been working on this Wikiversity learning resource. John Schmidt has a Ph. D. in pharmacology and has published original research in journals such as
 * Cell
 * Journal of Cell Biology
 * The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Review Article in the area of Cell Biology

 * Seminars in Cell Biology

Teaching Experience
John Schmidt has taught biology courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels including: Introductory Biology, Biochemistry, Developmental Biology, Cell Biology, Neurobiology, Physiology and Microbiology.

Education Philosophy
There are a few things people want to know: We can make use of the tools of science to explore these issues as we work towards a coherent and unified understanding of the human condition. A good way to learn science topics is to start with the question about the world that most puzzles you. Wikiversity participants can be a guide to help a student take that first step on their personal journey of learning and then provide help as that journey continues on through the entire scope of human knowledge.
 * Who we are
 * Where we come from
 * Where we are going
 * How to get there

Research Interests

 * The role of synaptic adhesion proteins in learning and memory
 * The role of dis-regulated cell adhesion in cancer
 * Mathematical models of neuronal networks

Contact me
If you have a question about cell biology, leave a message at my user talk page.

title: Cell Biology/JWSchmidt


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/learningforkids.parenting-madeeasy.com

Links

 * learningforkids.parenting-madeeasy.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 2 additions.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Molly Moon Stops the World

The result was   keep. (non-admin closure) – Davey 2010 Talk 01:24, 15 February 2015 (UTC)

Molly Moon Stops the World

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Unsourced article about a children's book. I found two newspaper articles that mention the book, but are not about the book. Fails WP:NBOOK. - MrX 13:24, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep Now sourced with two reviews (Kirkus and PW), and noteworthy within its small field of Children's Literature.  in 2005 was number 8 in best-selling children's literature series on the New York Times list.
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Literature-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 16:18, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of United Kingdom-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 16:18, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep I agree as stated above. These reviews are significant enough for the genre. HullIntegrity  \ talk / 23:23, 13 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep - This book has received a sufficient number of reviews. Fearstreetsaga (talk) 04:00, 14 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
1985 Westmeath County Council election

An election to Westmeath County Council took place on 20 June 1985 as part of the Irish local elections. 23 councillors were elected from five local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). This term was extended for a further year, to 1991.

title: 1985 Westmeath County Council election


text:
Talk:General Relativity/Einstein Summation Notation

I find the first example of summation confusing. I presume that in the rest of the book, the spatial part of the product will have negative signs. Maybe the expansion into component should be avoided at this point?

Bartosz, 16:54, 17 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Please clarify what is confusing and I will try to fix it. As far as the spatial parts having negative signs, I am using the standard of giving the Minkowski metric a signarure of $$(-+++)$$ (go to the main GR page and then go to the discussion-read the note about standardizing notation). So the time component will inherit the negative sign and the spatial part will have positive signs. However, in the first example in this section, the metric does not come into play (it is just a summation of numbers). -Lathem

Greek vs. Roman indices
Probably it's a good idea to include a comment in this section about the difference between Greek indices and Roman indices (one ranges from 0 to 3, the other from 1 to 3).

 * I agree completely; done.

-blathem

Identities
Could someone explain the derivations of the identities in the last section?

Also, why are both indicies in the Kroenecker delta written subscript?

__________

I actually disagree with the first identity; if i=k, but i≠j, then you have $$\delta^i_j\delta^j_k = (0)(0)$$, but $$\delta^i_k=1\,$$. It's true otherwise, however, by transitivity. And if it is using summation notation -- which, by the way, isn't exactly clear atm -- then the above case is the only case when it's true, and it seems false otherwise. Maybe someone can clarify/correct me? Anyway... The second identity is just the sum of the main diagonal. The differentiation identities say: the partial derivative of any tensor component with respect to itself is 1, and with respect to any other component is 0. Not sure how to include the explanations on the main page, but I'll leave this up here for now.

P.S. I fixed the indices. Luolimao (discuss • contribs) 23:54, 3 April 2013 (UTC)


text:
Pterogonia episcopalis

Pterogonia episcopalis is a moth of the family Nolidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1891. It has been described as being from the Indian subcontinent.

Description
Pterogonia episcopalis's head and thorax are violaceous grey with a few brown scales. Its abdomen is pale brown with slight whitish segmental hues. The claspers are fringed with rufous hair. The ventral surface is whitish except towards the extremity of the species.

title: Pterogonia episcopalis


text:
File:FrameForgeSBTDS1b.jpg

Used with the WikiU Film School Lesson on how to create 3D storyboards with FrameForge 3D Studio Demo Version.

title: File:FrameForgeSBTDS1b.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sylvie Silva

The result was procedural close. Please discuss at Articles for deletion/Sylvie Silva (2nd nomination). — JJMC89  (T·C) 03:59, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

Sylvie Silva

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Apparent re-creation of page deleted by CSD; notability questionable due to lack of sources. From AnUnnamedUser (open talk page) 00:44, 21 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Portugal-related deletion discussions.  CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 01:02, 21 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Women-related deletion discussions.  CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 01:02, 21 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Beauty pageants-related deletion discussions.  CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 01:04, 21 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Fashion-related deletion discussions.  CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 01:05, 21 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
User:Eurodog/sandbox109

The Rev. Dr. Sadie S. Mitchell (née Sadie Alberta Stridiron; born 4 January 1921) is an American civic leader in Philadelphia, known for her advocacy for children, particularly in connection to anti-poverty, racial equality, and education.

Career

 * bio

Educator in urban public schools
Before becoming a priest, the Rev. Dr. Mitchell had spent 39 years, from 1942 to 1981, as an educator in the Philadelphia public schools. She spent much of her career as an administrator, notably as:

Leadership in urban public schools

 * 1968–1969: Principal of the Henry Longfellow Elementary School
 * 1969–1972: Principal of the Paul Lawrence Dunbar School
 * 1973–1980: Principal of Joseph C. Ferguson Elementary School, which, in 1977, had 950 students

In 1975, while working as a school administrator, she co-founded, with three other public school administrators, the Black Women's Educational Alliance in Philadelphia. The other three co-founders were (i) Florence H. Scott, EdD, (ii) Gwendolyn Gates-Hewlett, EdD (née Gwendolyn Gates; 1928–1983), and (iii) Leontine Scott (née Leontine G. Dillon; 1928–2011), granddaughter of the African American artist, Frank Joseph Dillon (1856–1954), of Mount Holly, New Jersey. The organization, which endures today (as of 2024), was founded with 36 charter members. In 2016, there were four chapters: the Philadelphia chapter, the Montgomery County chapter, a New Jersey chapter, and the National Board, the governing body of all chapters.

Episcopal priesthood
Mitchell became an ordained deacon in the Episcopal church in 1987 and a priest in 1988. In 1990, Mitchell earned a Master of Divinity, from the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. Her ordinations transpired in the same diocese that, 13 years earlier, had ordained the first female Episcopal priests, who became known as the "Philadelphia Eleven."

 * 1) 1988–1989: Priest intern Diocese of Pennsylvania (St. Mark's)
 * 2) 1989–1990: Old Swedes Church (Christ Church), Upper Merion, serving as Pastor
 * 3) 1990–1992: Church of St. Luke and The Epiphany, serving as Assistant to the Rector, the Reverend Canon Charles Luther Lewis Poindexter (1932–2014).
 * 4) 1992–19??: Associate Priest at the African Episcopal Church of St. Thomas in Philadelphia, is now retired.

In 1990, The Rev. Dr. Mitchell was part of a group of Philadelphia ministers, lawyers, and civic leaders, including Senator Arlen Specter, who decried, on the basis of civil rights, the actions of Philadelphia law enforcement, who, on May 13, 1985, as a means for evicting armed MOVE protesters who were holed up in fortified row houses at 6221 Osage Avenue in the Cobbs Creek neighborhood of West Philadelphia, dropped a bomb on one of the row houses which resulted in 11 deaths (John Africa, five other adults, and five children aged 7 to 13) the destruction of 61 homes that left 250 homeless. The Rev. Dr. Mitchell, more vocally criticized the lack of response on several levels, particularly the refusal by the U.S. Department of Justice, led by John R. Dunne, to hold hearings and by the lack of reparations of those left homeless.

Secondary education

 * 1938: Graduated, Overbrook High School at 59th Street and Lancaster Avenue in the Overbrook neighborhood of West Philadelphia

Higher eduation

 * 1942: Bachelor of Science in Education, Temple University, Philadelphia
 * 1968: Master of Science in Educational Administration, University of Pennsylvania, Graduate School of Education
 * 1978: Doctor of Education, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida
 * 1990: Master of Divinity, Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia

National

 * Member, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
 * Member, Delta Sigma Theta (chaplain since 1988)

Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania

 * 1991-1995: Member, Family Services Board
 * Member, Philadelphia Theological Institute
 * 2008–present: Honorary member of the Board of Trustees, Episcopal Community Services
 * 2010–present: Anti-Racism Team

Other

 * 1988–1994: Secretary, Bethesda Court Personal Care Institution, Philadelphia
 * Member, American Academy of Religion
 * Member, Society of Biblical Literature

Publications

 * "The design and implementation of a program to reduce the number of dropouts in inner city schools," by Samuel P. Beard, Jr., Sadie S. Mitchell & Walter H. Scott, Washington D.C.: Educational Resources Information Center, May 1, 1978;

Addresses

 * 1921: 2235 W. Oxford Street, in the Sharswood neighborhood of North Philadelphia. Her mother, Lucinda Stridiron, had been living with her father and mother (Sadie's maternal grandparents), John Henry Clifton (1867–1921) and Sarah (Sallie) Rebecca Carter (maiden; 1869–1934)
 * 1930: 405 N. 53rd Street (owned), between Parrish & Ogden Streets, in the Haddington, Philadelphia neighborhood of West Philadelphia, less than 2 miles south of Fairmount Park
 * 1938: 405 N. 53rd Street
 * 1940: 405 N. 53rd Street (owned)
 * 1976: 5510 Locust Street, Philadelphia (Charles T. Mitchell obit)

Parents
Rev. Mitchell's parents, Joseph Alphonso Stridiron (1888–1955) and Lucinda Gertrude Clifton (maiden; 1900–1956) married February 12, 1918, at the Crucifixion Episcopal Church (Episcopal) at Bainbridge and Eighth Streets in South Philadelphia. Rev. Mitchell (née Sadie Alberta Stridiron) was born January 4, 1921. She was baptized April 17, 1921, at the Church of the Crucifixion by the Rev. Robert Henry Tabb (1874–1951), church rector. Sadie's sister and three brothers were also baptized there.

Late husband
The Rev. Dr. Sadie S. Mitchell married Charles Thomas Mitchell, Jr. (1906–1976), August 19, 1946, in Philadelphia. He, too, was a civic leader in Philadelphia.

 * Mitchell was an organizer, around 1941, of the Philadelphia Municipal Recreation Teachers Association, a local of the AFL, and, in 1953, was its President.

 * In the 1960s, he served as Field Director of the Philadelphia Anti-Poverty Action Committee (PAAC), an initiative established February 22, 1965, by Mayor James H. J. Tate. Charles T. Mitchell, in his youth, had been star basketball player for Howard University.

 * In Philadelphia, he played in a black basketball league – with the Scholastics, the Philadelphia Giants, and the Quaker City Elks. He coached the Peerless team and was a referee in the league for many years. For 32 years, from 1928, Charlie Mitchell, Jr. (aka "Charley Mitchell" or "Mitch"), was Supervisor of the Seger Recreation Center at 10th and Lombard Streets in the Washington Square West neighborhood of Center City.

 * In 1928, the City of Philadelphia, Department of Welfare, Bureau of Recreation, appointed Mitchell as supervisor of the Seger Recreation Center, a position he held until 1952.

 * In 1952, Mitchell was Acting District Supervisor, Department of Recreation, City of Philadelphia. This was when he became highly involved in helping handicapped children, notably those with cerebral palsy, as well as those with intellectual disabilities. The United Cerebral Palsy Association of Philadelphia and Vicinity designated an annual award in Mitchell's name, The Charles T. Mitchell, Jr., Award, the associations highest award for a client. Notable recipients include:

 * 1979: Christina (Cricket) Schindler (born abt. 1953), born without fully developed arms and legs, Schindler was a leader of the Cerebral Palsy Association's social recreation and bowling programs.
 * 1980: William Paul Wright (1923–2006) and wife of 26 years, Nancy Wright (né Nancy Ann Dalgleish; 1930–2003). The Wrights, despite both having cerebral palsy and in wheelchairs, William has been a gardener, using special equipment, at the Morris Arboretum since 1963

 * Beginning 1954, Mitchell became District Supervisor, Department of Recreation, City of Philadelphia, for West Philadelphia and Germantown.

 * Mitchell was a life member of the NAACP and former board member.

 * Mitchell was a life member of the Quaker City Elks No. 720, of which, from about 1945 to 1947, he was Exalted Ruler (basically, the CEO of Lodge 720) and National Youth Director. In 1945, Lodge 720 was the second largest African American Elks Lodge in the country.

 * From 1955 to 1961, Mitchell was President of Philadelphia County Chapter, Pennsylvania Association of the Arc of the United States, then called the National Association for Retarded Children. When he was elected, there were 1,600 members, of which less that 1 percent were African American. In 1961, he became Vice President of the Pennsylvania Association of Retarded Children (PARK) and was Chairman of its Recreation Committee. ARC of Pennsylvania has established an award in Mitchell's name: the Charles T. Mitchell, Jr. Humanitarian Award.
 * Selected recipients:
 * 1996: Elmer MacDonald Matter (born 1919)
 * Joe MacDonald (né Joseph MacDonald), CEO (until 2016) of Growth Horizons, Inc. (formerly known as the Philadelphia Center for Developmental Services)

 * Mitchell retired in 1971.

Charley Mitchell, the Seger Recreation Center principal and erstwhile basketball promoter, is beating the drum for a musical program to be held Thursday night in the interests of inter-racial relations at 1920 Rittenhouse Square

Mitchell was known in Philadelphia as an exponent – an influential sports impresario – of track and field events, basketball, and baseball. Seger Park, in 1976, was renamed Charles T. Mitchell, Jr., Playground. But, because the neighboring community had gotten used to calling the playground Seger Park, it was difficult to enforce the new name. A compromise was reached with the ordinance of April 18, 1977, that designated the newer, one-story building within Charles T. Mitchell, Jr. Playground, the Charles M. Seger Recreation Building.

Philadelaphia basketball teams

 * Southwest Scholastics of Philadelphia
 * Philadelphia Giants, Danny McClellan, coach
 * Quaker City Elks – Mitch was a guard on the team from about 1927 to 1929
 * Peerless Athletic Club of New Castle, Mitch was coach
 * Philadelphia Toppers, Mitch was coach in 1942 whe Wilmeth Sidat-Singh was on the team
 * Big Y (Christian Street YMCA)
 * Philadelphia Panthers was a semi-pro team. Notable players included Charles "Tarzan" Cooper, Jackie Bethards, and Billy Yancey
 * Philadelphia Americans, owned by Jules Aronson (né Jules Ephraim Aronson; 1879–1947)
 * Philadelphia Sphas

Other teams that played the Philadelphia league

 * Atlantic City Vandals
 * Atlantic City Buccaneers
 * Baltimore Mets
 * Commonwealth Big Five of Harlem, debuted in 1922
 * Ct. C
 * Leondi
 * Renaissance
 * New York Original Celtics
 * Baltimore Athenians
 * New York Renaissance Big Five (aka the "Rens" or the "Gothamites") debuted 1923
 * Washington, D.C., Elks (Columbia Lodge No. 85)
 * Pittsburgh Ritz Club
 * New York Violets
 * Wilmington Blue Bombers
 * Pittsburgh Scholastics

Basketball venues

 * Philadelphia – New Broadway Athletic Center, at Broad and Christian Streets (1927)
 * Palais Royal Court – at Broad and Bainbridge Streets
 * Scenic Auditorium

 * The basketball events charged admission, generally 75¢ to $1, and often featured dancing before and after.

Other family
The Rev. Dr. Sadie S. Mitchell's maternal aunt, Florence Ramos C. Ramos (née Florence H. Clifton; 1902–1985) spent her entire career, 43 years (from 1924 to 1967), teaching 1st and 2nd grade at the Singerly School (later known as the Douglass-Singerly School) at 22nd and Norris Streets in Philadelphia. Rev. Mitchell's grandfather, John Henry Clifton (1867–1921), was also an educator who, among other things, taught at the Octavius V. Catto School, then located on Lombard Street, near South 20th Street (south side of Lombard Street, west of 20th). The building for the Catto School was erected sometime after 1878 and closed in 1910.

Evorn "Ronnie" Gilmore Stridiron Stewart (née Evorn Gilmore; 1928–2013), wife of Rev. Mitchell's cousin, Clifton Thomas Maxwell Stridiron, Sr. (1923–1979), taught high school English and French in Bowie, Maryland, before accepting the position of librarian at the Brownsville Children's Library in Brooklyn. Ronnie eventually moved to Philadelphia, where she had a long career as a librarian with the Philadelphia public schools.

title: User:Eurodog/sandbox109


text:
kuorruttaa

Verb

 * 1) to coat to cover something, especially a foodstuff, with some other edible material to improve tha appearance and/or the taste
 * 2) to crust
 * 3) to frost
 * 4) to ice
 * 5) to bread, crumb
 * 6) to batter
 * 7) to gratinate

title: kuorruttaa


text:
Jake Ruby

Jake Ruby (born June 4, 2000) is a Canadian professional soccer player who plays as a full-back.

Early life
Ruby began playing youth soccer at age seven with Lynn Valley SA. Afterwards, he played for Mountain United FC, before joining the Vancouver Whitecaps Academy in 2016. In 2018, he participated in the first team's 2018 pre-season, as well as other first team training sessions. He departed the Whitecaps Academy in 2018, heading to Germany, where he had a month-long trial with 1. FC Nürnberg. He then began playing at the senior amateur level with NVFC Norvan in the Vancouver Metro Soccer League.

University career
In 2019, he began attending Trinity Western University, where he played for the men's soccer team. He scored his first goal on October 11, 2019 against the UFV Cascades. In his rookie season, he was named the TWU's Male Rookie of the Year, across all sports. He was also named a Canada West Second Team All-Star, as well as being named to the Canada West All-Rookie Team and the U SPORTS All-Rookie Team.

Club career
In April 2019, he signed with the Victoria Highlanders in USL League Two.

In November 2019, Ruby was selected 14th overall by HFX Wanderers in the 2019 CPL–U Sports Draft. In July 2020, he signed a U Sports contract with the Wanderers, which would allow him to maintain his university eligibility. In his debut season, he helped the Wanderers reach the CPL finals, where they were defeated by Forge FC. In February 2021, he returned to the Wanderers on a fully professional contract for 2021, with club options for an additional two seasons, planning to finish his post-secondary education in Halifax. He scored his first goal on August 7, 2021 against York United. In January 2022, the Wanderers picked up his option for the 2022 season. In January 2023, after having previously exercised his contract option for 2023, the club signed him to a new extension for the 2023 season, with options for 2024 and 2025. In December 2023, the Wanderers declined his option for 2024.

International career
In October 2016, Ruby made his debut in the Canadian national program, participating in a Canadian under-17 team camp and a month later played in a friendly series with the team in Jamaica. He made his international debut on November 27, 2016 against Jamaica U17, earning man of the match honours. In May 2017, he was named to the roster for the 2017 CONCACAF U-17 Championship, where he started all three of the team's matches. In 2018, he was named to the Canada U21 team for the 2018 Toulon Tournament, but he was forced to withdraw due to injury.

title: Jake Ruby


text:
Theofanis Gekas

Theofanis "Fanis" Gekas (Θεοφάνης "Φάνης" Γκέκας; born 23 May 1980) is a Greek professional football official, coach and a former player, who played as a striker.

He has been the top goalscorer of Superleague Greece and the Bundesliga in previous seasons. Most of his career has been spent in those two countries and Turkey, but he has also played top-flight football in England and Spain.

At international level, Gekas represented Greece at two European Championships and as many World Cups, earning 78 caps between 2005 and 2014. He was the top goalscorer of the European section of 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification with 10 goals. With 24 goals for his national football team, he is Greece's third highest all-time goalscorer.

AEL
Gekas started his professional career in the summer of 1998 at his hometown-based club AEL (then of the Greek Second Division).

Kallithea
In the summer of 2001, and after three years at Larissa, he moved to Kallithea. In his first season with the club, Kallithea was promoted to the Greek top division. Gekas scored 14 goals in 26 league matches and became top goalscorer of the 2001–02 league. Also, Gekas in 87 second division matches with Larissa and Kallithea scored 30 goals.

Panathinaikos
After scoring 46 goals in 80 matches for Kallithea at second and first Greek divisions and Greek Cup, Gekas and the club agreed to a transfer to Panathinaikos during the 2005 winter break. At his new club, Gekas became top goal scorer of the Greek league in 2005 with 18 goals. He was called to the national squad, making his playing debut in the 2–0 World Cup qualifying rounds victory against Albania in March 2005. As a member of the national team, Gekas also participated in the Confederations Cup 2005. With Panathinaikos, Gekas scored 23 goals in 41 appearances. In the season 2005–06, Gekas made his debut in the UEFA Champions League and came second in the Greek top goalscorers list for the competition.

VfL Bochum
The 2. Bundesliga club VfL Bochum showed an interest in Gekas already by the spring of 2006, but Panathinaikos wanted €2 million for its forward.

In the summer of 2006, Panathinaikos signed Dimitris Salpingidis from PAOK FC and, as part of the deal, Gekas was supposed to agree to a transfer to PAOK. Gekas refused and Panathinakos loaned Gekas out to VfL Bochum, which had just achieved promotion to the top division, for €300,000, with the German club having the option to buy out the rights for Gekas at the end of the season, if they were to remain in the top division, for another €700,000.

During the 2006–07 season, VfL Bochum was fighting against relegation, but within a short period Gekas became one of the stars of the team and popular among fans. His goals were celebrated with sirtakis from the stadium's loudspeakers. Coach Marcel Koller described him in November 2006 as their "life insurance", since Bochum not only avoided relegation but secured their place in the Bundesliga quite a few matchdays before the last. Gekas went on to finish the season as Bundesliga's top scorer, with a tally of 20 goals.

Bayer Leverkusen
At the end of April 2007, VfL Bochum agreed to transfer Gekas to Bayer 04 Leverkusen for the following season. The transfer deal was as follows: Bayer 04 Leverkusen would pay €700,000 at the end of the season to Panathinaikos, and, if Bochum were to be relegated, they would get €1.5 million from Leverkusen. If Bochum were to remain in the Bundesliga's First Division, they would get €4 million from Leverkusen.

Gekas' first game for Bayer Leverkusen was a friendly which Bayer won 15–1 with Gekas scoring seven of those 15. However, despite being the top scorer for Bayer Leverkusen in the 2007–08 season, Gekas was consistently dropped from the squad by coach Michael Skibbe, making mostly substitute appearances. Following an injury to teammate Dmitri Bulykin, Gekas was placed back into the starting XI and scored three goals in three games, including two more against Hamburg in a game which earned Leverkusen a quarter-final spot in the UEFA Cup in March 2008.

Portsmouth
On 2 February 2009, Gekas was loaned by Leverkusen to Portsmouth for the remainder of the 2008–09 season.

Gekas was brought in by manager Tony Adams with a view to a permanent deal. However, soon after the move, Adams was sacked and replaced by caretaker Paul Hart. Gekas was not given any games and went on to state his desire to leave the club, with Zenit St. Petersburg reportedly being interested in him.

On 11 April 2009, he came on as a substitute for one minute, replacing Jermaine Pennant in a 2–2 draw with West Bromwich Albion at Fratton Park in his only Portsmouth match. His loan period was terminated by Portsmouth on 21 May 2009 two weeks earlier than initially expected and he returned to Bayer Leverkusen.

Bayer Leverkusen
Gekas, while playing for his national team, became the top scorer in the European section of the qualification for 2010 World Cup. But in Leverkusen, he was competing with Stefan Kießling, Eren Derdiyok and Patrick Helmes for a place in the starting formation, and he failed to establish himself. He left the club after half a year.

Hertha
On 17 December 2009, Bayer Leverkusen signed a half-year loan of Gekas with Hertha BSC. In his first game for Hertha, Gekas scored in the team's 0–3 away win against Hannover 96 on 16 January 2010. Despite that promising start, Hertha continued to struggle at the bottom of the Bundesliga table. Gekas' most notable performance came on 21 March 2010, when he scored a hat-trick in the 1–5 away victory over German champions VfL Wolfsburg. Hertha eventually did not avoid relegation. Gekas ended up scoring 6 goals in 17 appearances for the club.

Eintracht Frankfurt
On 19 May 2010, Gekas signed a two-year contract with Eintracht Frankfurt. He scored 16 goals in 34 appearances but this did not prevent Eintracht from being relegated to the German second division.

Gekas left Eintracht under a cloud, after having not picked up the language during his almost six years in Germany. "I wonder how it is possible for somebody to be living in Germany for five years but not be willing to learn the language" said Eintracht legend Egon Loy. When Gekas was told about the criticism, he responded: "I am being paid to score goals, not to speak."

Later career
On 7 January 2012, Gekas signed a six-month contract with Süper Lig side Samsunspor. He scored his first goals against Orduspor, and scored a hat-trick two weeks later, in a game against Fenerbahçe.

In August 2012, Gekas moved to the Spanish La Liga, signing a two-year contract with Levante UD. He left the club on 27 November of the same year.

On 25 January 2013, Gekas signed a one and a half-year contract with Turkish Süper Lig side Akhisar Belediyespor, then struggling to avoid relegation. He scored a goal on his debut on 1 February 2013 against Kayserispor. Gekas went on to score 12 goals overall in the 15 games he played during the rest of the 2012–13 season. Akhisar avoided relegation.

On 5 September 2013, Gekas signed a one-year contract with Süper Lig club Torku Konyaspor, wearing the number 22 shirt.

On 26 July 2014, Gekas completed a return to his former club Akhisar Belediyespor, signing a two-year contract. On 3 April 2015, despite the fact that Gekas had no injury problems and was the top scorer of the club, he was left out of the squad in a surprise move by manager Roberto Carlos.

On 7 July 2015, Gekas signed a one-year contract with Süper Lig club Eskişehirspor. On 20 November 2015, Gekas left Eskişehirspor after his contract was cancelled by mutual consent.

On 1 February 2016, Gekas agreed to join Sion until the summer 2017 and to continue his career in Switzerland, after three years in Turkey. Six days later, in a Swiss Super League away win game against FC Zürich he made his debut with the club as a late substitute. On 17 February, he made his debut in the UEFA Europa League as a late substitute in a game against Sporting Braga for the round of 32. On 24 February 2016, Gekas' performance against Sporting Braga wasn't enough for Sion to qualify for the last 16 of UEFA Europa League. The Greek striker scores two amazing goals against the Portuguese team but his team didn't make it to the next round after 2–2 tie. On 27 February 2016, he scored a brace in a 3–2 home win against FC Luzern. On 23 April 2016, he scored a hat-trick in Sion's victory against FC Lugano, being the second scorer of the club in just 12 games. On 25 May 2016, he scored a brace in a 2–2 away draw against FC Luzern arrived at 10 goals in his first season in the Swiss Super League. On 27 August 2016, he opened the score in a 3–1 home win against FC Vaduz. It was his first goal for the 2016–17 season. On 29 October 2016, he netted two goals in his return in the first XI helping his club to reach a triumphic 5–1 home win against FC Lugano.

On 14 December 2016, Sivasspor officially announced the signing of Gekas till the summer of 2018, for an undisclosed fee. On 20 February 2017, he scored his first goal in the league at the very late minute of the game, giving his club a crucial 3–2 away win against Denizlispor in their effort to be promoted. On 19 March 2017, in a game against Şanlıurfaspor, he faced a dilatation joint in the medial side combined with damaged cruciate ligaments, thus forcing him to remain out of action for approximately 1–2 months. On 7 May 2017, he returned to the squad as a substitute in a 3–0 home win against Bandırmaspor.

International career
Gekas helped his country's team to reach UEFA Euro 2008 and also became the top scorer among the 2010 World Cup Qualifiers from UEFA nations with 10 goals. At the 2010 World Cup he helped the team to reach the team's first victory at a World Cup. Gekas is also fifth in the top scorer rankings of the Greece national team. On 9 September 2010, Gekas officially announced his decision to retire from the national team of Greece, due to "special circumstances inside the team", as he mentioned. This was the third player retirement after the departure of coach Otto Rehhagel, following Sotiris Kyrgiakos and Ioannis Amanatidis.

One year later, Gekas stated that it was a mistake for him to retire from the national team, thus making himself once again available to be selected by manager Fernando Santos.

He was part of the Greek squad at UEFA Euro 2012, where he played in every match and scored one goal in a 2–1 loss against the Czech Republic in the group stage, as his country reached the quarter-finals of the tournament.

At the 2014 FIFA World Cup, Gekas started the team's first match against Colombia, which ended in a 3–0 loss. Gekas came on a substitute in the subsequent games against Japan (a 0–0 draw) and Ivory Coast (a 2–1 victory), putting Greece through to the knockout stage of the World Cup for the first time. In Greece's round of 16 match against Costa Rica, Gekas came on as a substitute in the 69th minute and assisted Sokratis Papastathopoulos' 91st-minute equaliser with a shot that was parried into the defender's path by Keylor Navas. The match was decided by a penalty shootout, with Gekas the only player to miss in a 5–3 Costa Rican victory.

Gekas announced that a return to the Greece national team is not among his options: "The door of the Greece National Team is closed. I would like to thank all the people there whom I worked with the last decade and I hope that the current players can lead the team back to the former glories."

Personal life
Shortly after the 2008 European Championships, his wife Vasso gave birth to twins Nikolaos and Mikaela-Lamprini.

Individual

 * Greek Super League top scorer: 2004–05 (18 goals)
 * Bundesliga top scorer: 2006–07 (20 goals)
 * 2010 FIFA World Cup Qualifiers UEFA section top scorer

title: Theofanis Gekas


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Non-alcoholic beverage

The result was Speedy Keep per WP:SK and WP:SNOW. Warden (talk) 12:07, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

Non-alcoholic beverage

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

This article is basically a list of 'non-alcoholic' drinks. Not only this, I assume that there are many more alcoholic drinks than non-alcoholic ones. I suggest that it be redirected to soft drink or some other article. Cocoaguy ここがいい 16:43, 10 July 2012 (UTC) *Keep: We need crappy, useless pages like this. What are you trying to have here - useful, encyclopedic pages or something? Toddst1 (talk) 17:36, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep - What is the rational for deletion here? Your suggestion on a redirect is actually a sub-set of the Non-alcoholic beverage. This page is like a sophosticated disambiguation page with additional explanation and references on what it entails. I thought the page was well layed out. Turlo Lomon (talk) 16:47, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * keep Not all non alcoholic beverages are soft drinks other than that I see no valid reason for deletion Seasider91 (talk) 17:05, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep: as per Cocoaguy. I assume that there are many more alcoholic drinks than non-alcoholic ones. Now that can not be justification for deletion, can it. Samar   ( Talk  .  Contributions ) 17:41, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep: There is an "alcoholic beverages" article -- why wouldn't there be a corresponding "non-alcoholic beverages", especially given that this is of reasonable quality? Mynameisntbob1 (talk) 23:22, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Food and drink-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 00:38, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Keep: This will help people to identify different ways of thinking about drinks, and could have use in increasing readers' knowledge of different beverages. ACEOREVIVED (talk) 10:28, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

Many apologies that my last edit appeared to have a line through it - I did not mean this, so please let it stand! Thank you, ACEOREVIVED (talk) 10:29, 11 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Internet Technologies/Telnet

Telnet is a protocol designed to remotely access computers in a client-server fashion. Telnet is inherently insecure, as the data passed from the client to the server or vice-versa is not encrypted. For connections through insecure networks (such as the Internet), SSH (Secured SHell), should be used so all communications between the client and server are encrypted.

Test if the HTTP port is open and its service listening
telnet localhost 80

title: Internet Technologies/Telnet


text:
Learning the vi Editor/Authors

This book has many authors, including the public: it is open for anyone and everybody to improve. Therefore, this is more properly a list of acknowledgements of contributors than a list of authors. Whoever we are, this is where we get to brag about our accomplishments in writing this book.

List of major contributors

 * Dysprosia (Contributions)
 * Martin Krischik Learning the vi Editor/Vim (Contributions)
 * N.N.(anonymous): The advanced/Power User/Extra Details part (Learning the vi Editor/Details) - whatever it is currently called.
 * Others (add your name and description if you made a major contribution)
 * Various anonymous persons

title: Learning the vi Editor/Authors


text:
Talk:Denise Savoie

umm.... why is she the honourable? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:46, 23 September 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Denise Savoie. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060116043053/http://www.denisesavoie.ca:80/ to http://www.denisesavoie.ca/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:41, 11 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Denise Savoie


text:
User:Teo Pitta/sandbox

Francesco Rismondo (Split, 1885 – 1915) was an Austrian-born Italian irredentist and awarded military volunteer.

Early life
Rismondo was born in Split-Spalato, when this town was in Austrian Dalmatia, from a very wealthy Dalmatian Italian family: his father was a ship-owner. He was a cycling enthusiast and as such also became president of the Associazione Veloce (Fast Club) in Split. After his business studies at the University of Graz, he practiced in UK and became manager in the agency of the Società di navigazione Dalmazia (Dalmatian Navigation Company), owned by his father.

Miltiary career
In 1915, a few weeks before the Italian intervention in World War I, Rismondo entered, with his young wife under a false name, in Kingdom of Italy and on June 16 he enlisted as a volunteer in the Italian Army to fight in war against Austria-Hungary. Initially Rismondo was chosen for an interpreter work thanks to his linguistic knowledge, but he insisted on being assigned to the front and it was thus that he was incorporated into the 8th cyclist battalion of the VIII Bersaglieri regiment and sent to the Karst front, where he distinguished himself on Monte San Michele in July 21.

Death
His death is still unclear: reported missing by the Italians, he was probably wounded in a fight near Opatje Selo and fell prisoner by the Austrians. According to some sources, he was recognized as a deserter: he was betrayed by a snuffbox, with a dedication, and executed on the gallows in 10 August of the same year, probably in Gorizia; according to other sources, he would have tried to escape in a group of prisoners, during an Italian attack and for this reason he was killed by the guards in Opatija-Abbazia. However, his body was never found, nor a written document proving the possible death sentence; Gabriele D'Annunzio called him the Assumption of Dalmatia.

In any case, in the first years of post-war period the hypothesis of martyrdom on the gallows prevailed, which earned Rismondo the concession of the Silver Medal for military valor to memory.

title: User:Teo Pitta/sandbox


text:
Krakowiak

The Krakowiak or Cracovienne is a fast, syncopated Polish folk dance in duple time from the region of Kraków and Lesser Poland. The folk outfit worn for the dance has become the national costume of Poland, most notably, the rogatywka peaked hat with peacock feathers.

It became a popular ballroom dance in Vienna ("Krakauer") and Paris ("Cracovienne") where, with the polonaise and the mazurka, it signalled a Romantic sensibility of sympathy towards a picturesque, distant and oppressed nation. In Russia a krakowiak was featured in Mikhail Glinka's A Life for the Tsar (1836) and, ever since, became an identifiable symbol of Poles and Polish culture in the Russian Empire, especially due to the rogatywka hat.

The first printed Krakowiak appeared in Franciszek Mirecki's album for the piano, "Krakowiaks Offered to the Women of Poland" (Warsaw, 1816).

Frédéric Chopin produced a bravura concert krakowiak in his Grand Rondeau de Concert, Rondo à la Krakowiak in F major for piano and orchestra (Op. 14, 1828). The last movement of his first piano concerto also draws heavily on the dance.

In terms of its choreography, the krakowiak is set for several couples, among whom the leading male dancer sings and indicates the steps. According to the description in the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, the krakowiak is directed by the leading man from the first pair. As they approach the band, "the man, tapping his heels or dancing a few steps, sings a melody from an established repertory with newly improvised words addressed to his partner. The band follows the melody, and the couples move off in file and form a circle (with the leading couple back at the band). Thereafter verses are sung and played in alternation, the couples circulating during the played verses.

title: Krakowiak


text:
attitudine

Etymology 1
, derived from.

Noun

 * 1) aptitude, flair, bent
 * 2)  suitability (to an end)
 * 3)  opportunity, chance
 * 1)  opportunity, chance
 * 1)  opportunity, chance

Etymology 2
From, conflated with the above.

Noun

 * 1) attitude, posture, poise

title: attitudine


text:
User:Sureshmerlin25/sandbox

K.R.Ramadas Ramasamy ( 2 February 1956 ) is a Malayalam language Film director, b

,better known by his stage name K.R.Ramadas

Date of Birth : 02.11.1956

Address : Erappakkade Nivas, Kallepully (PO), Palakkad

Father’s Name : Late K.R.Ramaswamy (Retd. Ameen)

Mother’s Name			:	Late Yeshodha

Languages known			:	Mala

Occupation : Film Director

Filmography

1) Varum Varunu Vannu worked as the main director of the film

Script by Balachandramenon and with Artists Gouthami, Kalpana, RajanP.Dev, Kodiyattom Gopi

2) Hai worked as the main director of the film

3) Narakasuran  worked as the main director of the film

title: User:Sureshmerlin25/sandbox


text:
Watercress darter

The watercress darter (Etheostoma nuchale) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States where it is only known from the Black Warrior River drainage basin near Birmingham, Alabama.

Description
This species can reach a length of 5.4 cm TL though most only reach a length of around 3.5 cm.

Distribution and habitat
The watercress darter is only known to exist in four specific bodies of water, two in the Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge and two at the Seven Springs in the Powderly neighborhood of Birmingham. The Seven Springs populations were discovered in 2003. The species can be found in the watercress zone of springs where the water is slow-moving. They are usually found in dense mats of watercress or other aquatic vegetation, where they rest on the leaves and stems well above the stream bed. They feed on snails, crustaceans, and insect larvae in slow-moving water.

Conservation and status
The species is endangered and is protected in areas such as the Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge in Jefferson County. The IUCN lists it as being "Endangered" due to its small range, small total population size and vulnerability to deterioration in the quality of the water in the springs in which it occurs.

On September 22, 2008, more than 12,000 watercress darters were killed when workers from the city of Birmingham removed a beaver dam at Roebuck Springs, emptying a pond that was the darters' habitat. An alternative solution would have been to install a flow device in the dam to regulate the pond height. The pond was emptied because it often flooded a nearby tennis court. The city emptied the beaver pond without the permission of the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). The FWS has ordered the dam to be restored and the pond refilled in an effort to save the remaining darters.

The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources is suing the City of Birmingham for destroying endangered species and their wetland habitat.

title: Watercress darter


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Chelembron system

The Chelembron system was a magazine system used for flintlock repeating rifles that originated around 1668. While the invention of the system is attributed to Michele Lorenzoni, the system is named after French gun-makers who made many guns in India using the system. The basis of the Chelembron system is a barrel, as well as magazines, that rotate around a central axis, and are turned to load first powder and then ball into the breech. Weapons of the system carry 20 rounds.

Origin and manufacture
The earliest known weapon that uses the Chelembron system, dated 1668, was signed by T. Lefer Avalenza. Chelembron made multiple rifles using the system in India in the second half of the 18th century. A magazine gun that belonged to George III also bears the name "Chalembrom". In 1779, a former French soldier named Claude Martin, was given the position of Superintendent of Artillery and Arsenals to the Nawab of Oudh. While Claude held this position, many impressive weapons were made at the Lucknow Arsenal. At least one gun made here, which bears both his name and the name of the arsenal, uses the Chelembron system. A Chelembron gun manufactured in 1785 is heavily damaged, and appears to have been retrieved from a battlefield. Pistols using the system were also made, with a pair being manufactured around 1800.

Mechanics
Separate tubular magazines containing powder and ball sit under the barrel. To reload the weapon, the gun is pointed upwards, the release trigger is depressed, and the barrel can be rotated, causing the attached magazines to rotate over the breech, which deposits a load of powder, and primes the pan. At the same time, the cock is rotated to the firing position and the pan is closed. This movement of the magazines also causes a ball to drop into a compartment in the rear section of the gun, which is then pushed into the rear of the barrel by a plunger. The breech and ball-plunger compartments are separate fixed chambers attached to the stock and lock part of the weapon.

title: Chelembron system