text:
Bardzrakash Monastery

Bardzrakash (Բարձրաքաշ) is a 10-13th-century. Armenian monastery located between Dsegh village and Tumanyan town within Lori marz, Armenia. It is built on a flat spot on a steep slope below cliffs, and above the Marts river, in the Tavut forest.

The complex consists of two churches, a vestibule, a chapel, the ancestral cemetery of Mamikonyan and remainders of khachkars. The two churches and the vestibule that make the main group are placed near to each other in one line. The preserved oldest construction, built of rough-hewn smaller basalt stones is the one-nave hall type church at the north of the complex, of which only a 3-4m high wall remains. Although no details have reached us about the history of this church, from the construction methods it is thought to have been built in the 10th century. The building in the center is the 13th century Holy Astvatsatsin - the main church, of which the entrance, parts of the southern and western walls, sections of flying arches, and pillars are still well preserved. Holy Astvatsatsin and its gavit are both constructed of large, finely cut slabs of felsite stone. The monastery does not appear to have functioned for long after the construction of Holy Astvatsatsin, as the last of the inscriptions on the church walls date to the mid-13th century.

Bardzrakash underwent some type of renovations in 1939, and some cleanup efforts in 1950 and 1969. It was listed on the 2014 World Monuments Fund as one of 67 cultural heritage sites at risk from the forces of nature and the impact of social, political, and economic change

title: Bardzrakash Monastery


text:
User:Alexandrancarbayo/sandbox

Nan Goldin
Much of Goldin's article touches on drug addiction and how she portrayed it in her photography. There isn't very much surrounding her involvement in the AIDS epidemic. I intend to write more on her exhibition Witnesses: Against Our Vanishing. I will use interviews she has done as well as journal articles about the exhibition.

Mazur, Adam. “Interview with Nan Goldin.” Interview with Nan Goldin, Marek Grygiel, 2003, fototapeta.art.pl/2003/ngie.php.

Witnesses: against our vanishing, 1989. Lucy R. Lippard papers, 1930s-2010, bulk 1960s-1990. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Stine, Alison (2000) "The Sheeted Center: Nan Goldin and Virginia Woolf," Articulāte: Vol. 5, Article 6.

Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association
The article briefly discusses the CCBA in San Francisco despite copious amounts of information on the topic. I intend to thicken this portion of the article and add information regarding the plague in San Francisco. I will use the following sources.

Lai, H. (2017). “Historical Development of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association/Huiguan System”. [online] Him Mark Lai Digital Archive. Available at: https://himmarklai.org/digitized-articles/1986-1990/historical-development-of-the-chinese-consolidated-benevolent-association/ [Accessed 8 Nov. 2017].

Mullen, K. (2017). The Six Companies - FoundSF. [online] Foundsf.org. Available at: http://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=The_Six_Companies [Accessed 8 Nov. 2017].

Shah, N. (2011). Contagious divides. Berkeley [u.a.]: Univ. of California Press, pp.129-146.

The six original Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Associations in San Francisco were already operating as separate entities with some degree of mutual coordination before the first Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association was formally established in 1882.

The Six Companies consisted of the six most important Chinese district associations of California at that time: the Sam Yup Company, Yeong Wo Company, Kong Chow Company, Ning Yung Company, Hop Wo Company, and Yan Wo Company. Among their early efforts, they attempted to deter prostitution in the Chinese community, to encourage Chinese immigrants to lead moral lives, and to discourage what they described as excessive continuing Chinese immigration creating hostility toward Chinese already in America. In 1875, they endorsed the position that continued Chinese immigration was resulting in a general lowering of wages, both for whites and for Chinese already in America.

The CCBA acted as counsel for merchants and workers regarding finances and immigration. They also secured the most competent legal team in San Francsisco and became versed in using the federal courts and legal system to fight discrimination and to protect the Chinese community's legal rights. This was especially prevalent during the San Francisco plague of 1900-1904 and around the time of the Chinese Exclusion Act.

Advocacy during San Francisco Plague of 1900-1904
During the San Francisco Plague the organization did not fight limited quarantine of individual residences until the blockade of Chinatown appeared to be evident racism against Chinese inhabitants. In 1904, the CCBA of San Francisco asked the people of China to pressure the United States into better treatment of Chinese immigrants. This was followed by the Chinese Boycott of 1905 of American goods and resulted in some progress in bettering treatment of immigrants but did not change any current laws.

Advocacy during Chinese Exclusion Laws
In 1892 Congress passed the Geary Act, where Chinese laborers were required to register for residency or they would face deportation. The Six Companies discouraged the people from registering due to the unconstitutional nature of the law. In 1893, the Six Companies hired lawyers for the case Fong Yue Ting v. United States. The law was upheld and consequently significantly decreased the amount of Chinese immigrants able to enter the United States.

Chinese Boycott of 1905
The Chinese Boycott of 1905 was a large-scale boycott of American goods in China. It followed a string of anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States. This included violence against Chinese immigrants, such as the 1903 Boston Chinatown immigration raid as well as discriminatory laws put in place. These laws included the Chinese Exclusion Act and the Geary Act. The boycott originated when the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association of San Francisco called upon the people of China to pressure the United States into bettering treatment of Chinese immigrants in America. The boycott lasted for almost one year and garnered support from all major Chinese organizations. It came to an end when the Qing government, under pressure from the United States government, revoked its support for the boycott. Ultimately the boycott did not change any discriminatory laws, however, the Chinatown raids eventually ceased.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Alexandrancarbayo/sandbox


text:
Talk:Kamboj in Muslim and British Era

The readers with knowledge of this topic are encouraged to contribute to the article and submit their comments if any. The material in this article is based on documented sources of 19th and 20th century. The references for each and every person mentioned in this article will be furnished if requested. Only more important Kamboj/Kamboh persanilities have been included and but there are numerous more who could also been included in the list but list would then have become ridiculously large. Enjoy the article and let's us know your views if any.

Thanks

<IP_ADDRESS> 04:47, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kamboj in Muslim and British Era


text:
2015 Argentina Open – Singles

David Ferrer was the three-time defending champion, but he chose to compete in Acapulco instead. Rafael Nadal won the title, defeating Juan Mónaco in the final, 6–4, 6–1.

Seeds
🇪🇸 Rafael Nadal (champion) 🇪🇸 Tommy Robredo (quarterfinals) Pablo Cuevas (quarterfinals) 🇮🇹 Fabio Fognini (second round) 🇦🇷 Leonardo Mayer (second round) 🇨🇿 Jiří Veselý (first round) 🇪🇸 Pablo Andújar (first round) 🇪🇸 Pablo Carreño Busta (first round, retired)

Seeds
🇦🇷 Facundo Bagnis (qualified) 🇦🇷 Facundo Argüello (qualified) 🇪🇸 Roberto Carballés Baena (second round) 🇮🇹 Marco Cecchinato (qualified) 🇦🇷 Guido Pella (first round) Nicolás Jarry (first round) 🇦🇷 Marco Trungelliti (first round) Gonzalo Lama (second round)

Qualifiers
• # 🇦🇷 Facundo Bagnis

• # 🇦🇷 Facundo Argüello

• # 🇦🇷 Andrés Molteni

• # 🇮🇹 Marco Cecchinato

title: 2015 Argentina Open – Singles


text:
User:Yath~enwikibooks

Currently working on:

 * Programming:Perl
 * Programming:Python -- scratch page: User:Yath/Python
 * Programming:Ruby

Navigation templates:

Discussion about programming languages and what their book names should be: Talk:Computer programming

monobook.css

title: User:Yath~enwikibooks


text:
Following workplace safety procedures

BSBCMN106A

From the official document:
 * "This unit covers general Occupational Health and Safety requirements in business organisations and is relevant for employees working under direct supervision with no responsibilities for other people. The unit is based on Generic Competency A in the National Guidelines for Integrating Occupational Health and Safety Competencies into National Industry Competency Standards - NOHSC:7025 (1998) 2nd edition."

Basically, that means ... (translate above into plain english)

You can read more about this unit on the National Training Information Systems Official document for BSBCMN106A.

This unit is a pre-requisite for the following qualifications:
 * Cert IV Websites Qualification in Australia

How this unit will help you
After learning and applying the skills required by this unit you'll be able to demonstrate your skills in:

 * translate the above elements and performance criteria into plain english and summarise here...

Ideas for learning the required skills
Read through Occupational health and safety for computer users and then complete their checklist

Ideas for demonstrating this unit
The best way to demonstrate these skills is ...

You cant! HA

Grading
If you are demonstrating this unit as part of a formal course, you might find that the unit is graded (meaning you can not only demonstrate your competence, but can also gain a credit or distinction). Your facilitator may already have set criteria that your college uses. If not, here are some ideas for possible credit/distinction activities that you can discuss with your facilitator:

Sara Jessica

title: Following workplace safety procedures


text:
Hikari Ota's If I Were Prime Minister... Secretary Tanaka

Hikari Ōta's If I Were Prime Minister of Japan... Secretary Tanaka (太田光の私が総理大臣になったら…秘書田中.) is a regular debate variety show broadcast on Japan's Nippon TV. The show, starring the owarai duo Bakushō Mondai started out as a special presentation on October 15, 2005, and has been broadcast during prime-time on Fridays since April 7, 2006. Due to the extremely long title, the show is usually referred to as Prime Minister Ōta (太田総理).

The setup
Hikari Ōta, who is a comedian, usually takes the position of Prime Minister, and puts forth to the assembled guests a manifesto, generally of a very radical, sometimes even ridiculous nature. In the video introduction that follows, Ōta's manifesto is explained, and a brief (and humorous) proof is given for how this particular manifesto will bring peace to Japan, and/or the world. The guests are then divided into those who propose and oppose the manifesto, and debating starts with an introduction by the "Prime Minister". The discussions, though generally civil, can often produce high tensions between debaters, even those arguing on the same side, and Speaker Fumi Mori (who is actually an announcer for Nippon TV), sitting above the assembly, often exercises her power to halt discussion and gives individuals a chance to speak freely.

Hikari Ōta's partner in comedy Yūji Tanaka, acting secretary, doesn't participate in discussions and instead spends the entire show in the "Prime Minister's office" with Eriko Kumazawa (acting second secretary, though she is a model) eating foods given as gifts from the other guests and generally laughing whenever the debating gets hot. There is also a bench for "neutral" participants in the discussion, but guests who choose not to take sides are not often given a chance to speak.

At the end of the debate (always announced by the Speaker, usually before any form of consensus is made) guests must give their final decision (to approve or reject the manifesto) to the Speaker. Manifestos that are approved by the assembly are proposed to the National Diet of Japan.

The "manifestos"
With Ōta (and occasionally a guest) as Prime Minister, the subject matter of the show varies widely from that of typical Japanese political debate shows. Whether Ōta actually believes what he proposes or not is debatable (he is known to take the opposing side of an argument for the sake of arguing), many of his manifestos are quite extreme, and the majority of his manifestos are not approved by the assembly. That being said, many of his manifestos deal with extremely important and difficult national and international issues, and though the tone of the show may be light with jokes and taunts being thrown around without consequence, the discussions are often very serious, and tears and lost tempers are not rare.

A few notable manifestos that have been approved (and thus sent to the Diet) are:
 * Remove all support for NEET individuals (PM: Ōta)
 * Make a statement in the constitution stating that psychic phenomena do not exist (PM: Ōta)
 * Remove the salary of members of the official opposing political party (PM: Ōta)
 * Make the days of Japan's World Cup matches into national holidays (PM: Various)
 * Require doctors to take a license renewal test every 5 years (PM: Etsuko Namikawa, actress)

A few notable manifestos that have been rejected are:
 * Write history textbooks in cooperation with other east Asian countries, as done in France and Germany (PM: Ōta)
 * Privatize the government of prefectures and cities (PM: Ōta)
 * Charge ¥100 for each character of input on the internet (PM: Ōta)
 * In the future, refuse to give any money to the US government (PM: Ōta)
 * Force homeowners to open their curtains during the afternoon (PM: Tōru Hashimoto, Lawyer - later became Osaka city mayor)

The guests
Ōta is known for his strong debating skills, and so as not to be strong-armed, a unique assembly of well-known guests from various walks of life are featured as regulars on the show. About a third of the guests are usually members (occasionally leaders) of major Japanese political parties, and the rest are usually a mix of famous tarento and prominent foreign personalities. While some of the regulars and guests are also strong debaters, many (especially some of the tarento) do not tend to participate much in the heated talks. Quieter participants may be given a minute to speak their opinion in between major points of a discussion, and their straight opinions often help to keep the discussions focused.

The show's regulars are:
 * Katsuei Hirasawa (平沢勝栄), LDP member
 * Hideaki Ōmura (大村秀章), LDP member
 * Akira Amari (甘利明), LDP member
 * Kazuhiro Haraguchi (原口一博), DPJ member, often supports Ōta
 * Yoshizumi Ishihara (石原良純), actor, tarento, and weatherman
 * Lasa-R Ishii (ラサール石井), comedian and actor
 * Kevin Clone, American-born Japanese international columnist, usually opposes Ōta and has an extremely strong debating style
 * Saya Kazuki (和希沙也), idol
 * George Takahashi (高橋ジョージ), rock vocalist, often supports Ōta
 * Hirotada Ototake (乙武洋匡), sports writer
 * Akiko Matsumoto (松本明子), tarento and actress
 * Kazuyo Matsui (松居一代), tarento, actress, and essayist
 * Pa-kkun Ma-kkun (パックンマックン), Japanese and American comedy duo

In total, the show usually features more than 30 guests. The narrator of the show is Kiyoshi Kobayashi (小林清志).

Reaction
Though political discussion is not rare on Japanese television, direct political satire is almost non-existent, and Ōta himself has expressed worries about the future of the show in an interview with New York Times editor Norimitsu Onishi, I want to say what I want to say [...] But I have to think about the possibility of inflicting damage on people who are involved in the production of this program, or making their work difficult, or of having our office staff attacked. So I try to avoid causing these things. I have to finesse it somehow. Ōta reportedly will not touch upon certain topics, namely the imperial family and North Korea, because of the complex nature of the issues and a general lack of public understanding.

Regardless, Ōta doesn't appear to be backing down as he says, Even though I'm doing this kind of show, some say politics is not an area that comedians should step into [...] But I wouldn’t say that. Comedians should even make fun of politics.


text:
Grégory Campi

Grégory Noel Campi (born 24 February 1974) is a Monégasque former professional footballer who played as a midfielder and striker.

Career
In 2001, Campi signed for Montreal Impact. In 2004, he signed for Louvieroise.

title: Grégory Campi


text:
jäävi

Etymology
From,.

Adjective

 * 1) disqualified unable to give a statement, or to participate in decision-making or judging on a particular case due to potential or real conflict of interest

Usage notes

 * In legal usage this term has been substituted for.

Noun

 * 1)  challenge reason for which a judge should not be allowed to sit a case

title: jäävi


text:
Talk:Intelligence Intensification/The Concept of Change

Is the last paragraph understandable? Hard to say for me, who wrote it. It feels a little bit like I couldn't express my thought. --DanielJanzon 22:34, 11 Apr 2004 (UTC)


text:
Little London, Buckinghamshire

Little London is a hamlet consisting of approximately 70 houses located immediately east of the village of Oakley in Buckinghamshire and about 5.5 mi northwest of the market town of Thame in neighbouring Oxfordshire.

Little London Green is the largest area of common land in the parish of Oakley.

History
The earliest known records of Little London are from the 16th century. Little London is clearly visible on the New College, Oxford map of Bernwood Forest of 1590. Originally the boundary between Brill and Oakley followed the stream in Oakley, meaning that Oakley parish church, 'the Nap' and 'Little London Green' would have been in Little London.

Little London has several 17th-century cottages. A Congregational chapel was built there in 1847.

In 1934 Buckinghamshire County Council revised parish council boundaries and made Little London part of Oakley. Until the 1960s the hamlet had its own shop.

Toponymy
The Toponymy (naming) of Little London is not clear. Some locals thought it was founded during the Black Death in the 14th century by Londoners fleeing the capital. The fact that the hamlet is one field distant from the rest of Oakley may support this theory.

Little London may have been established by Welsh cattle drovers. Cattle drovers established at least 70 communities established in England and Wales, many of which still exist. They were temporary homes for long distance drovers, driving their cattle to the great fairs and markets of London and other centres in England. They were on common land, separated from local communities. The drovers had a licence to travel, granted by Elizabeth I, and were regarded as "foreigners" by the local parishioners who could not travel without a "settlement certificate". One of the Old English words for "foreigners" was utlenden ("outlanders"), which could be corrupted to "Little London".

title: Little London, Buckinghamshire


text:
Live at Ethell's

Live at Ethell's is a live album by saxophonist Clifford Jordan which was recorded in Baltimore in 1987 and released on the Mapleshade label.

Reception
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow called it, "Excellent advanced straight-ahead jazz from an underrated great".

Personnel

 * Clifford Jordan – tenor saxophone
 * Kevin O'Connell – piano
 * Ed Howard – bass
 * Vernel Fournier – drums

title: Live at Ethell's


text:
Arnau Riera

Arnau Caldenteny Riera (born 1 October 1981) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Early career
Riera was born in Manacor, Mallorca. He played for Real Mallorca's youth team aged 18 and played for Balearic Island selection U17 when they were champions of Spain. Aged 18, he moved to Mataro (on loan from Mallorca) in Spain's Second Division B. A year later he moved to FC Barcelona B where he was an ever present in the side which won the league in 2001. He stayed with the B-team until 2006 and trained with the first team in Peralada in 2004. He was Lionel Messi's captain for the 2004–05 and 2005–06 seasons.

Senior career
Riera made substitute appearances for the Barcelona first team in 2004–05. He also played with the first team in friendlies against Marseille 2004–05, China 2003–04, Shaktar Donetsk 2003–04.

On 10 August 2006, Riera signed for Sunderland, and made his debut in the 3–1 defeat to Southend United at Roots Hall on 19 August 2006. He played well in his debut game, but was sent off just three minutes into the following match, a League Cup match against Bury which Sunderland lost 2–0 at Gigg Lane. And although signed to Sunderland for three more years, he never played for them again.

Whilst signed to Sunderland, Riera joined Southend United on a month's loan, the team against which he made his Sunderland debut. He also joined Scottish Premier League side Falkirk on a season-long loan, on 17 July 2007. At Falkirk he scored twice; once in a 7–2 defeat to Rangers and once in a Scottish Cup tie against Aberdeen. He joined Blackpool for a week's trial in July 2008, which he left prematurely. Riera eventually rejoined Falkirk on another season-long loan.

He was finally released by Sunderland on 28 May 2009.

He currently resides in his hometown and runs a hotel.

title: Arnau Riera


text:
User:Wakefieldcommunitymississippi/sandbox

fort Carson is a former fort of the confederate states located in independence Mississippi its no longer there it was taken down after the war only remains are some cannons now in museums where the fort was now consist of five private property fort was host to the 1st Mississippi infantry 8th Mississippi Calvary the 6th Mississippi artillery it was located at 34°43'24.0"N 89°46'51.9"W was a square and had a dock at the lake that you can see is near by some bullets and novelty items can be found at the site with a metal detector


text:
Electronics/Phasors

Phasors
Phasors provide a simple means of analyzing linear circuits. At the heart of phasor analysis lies Euler's formula:
 * $$Ae^{j({\omega}t+\theta)}=A\cos({\omega}t+\theta)+jA\sin({\omega}t+\theta) \,$$

A complex exponential can also be expressed as
 * $$Ae^{j({\omega}t+\theta)}=Ae^{j \theta} \cdot e^{j \omega t}$$

$$\tilde{A}=Ae^{j\theta}$$ is called a phasor. It contains information about the magnitude and phase of a sinusoidal signal, but not the frequency or time. This simplifies use in circuit analysis, since most of the time, all quantities in the circuit will have the same frequency. (For circuits with sources at different frequencies, the principle of superposition must be used.)

A shorthand phasor notation is: $$\tilde{A}=A\angle\theta$$

Note that this is simply a polar form, and can be converted to rectangular notation by (see figure one):
 * $$\tilde{A}=Ae^{j \theta}=A\angle\theta=A\cos\theta+jA\sin\theta$$

and back again by (see figure two):
 * $$\tilde{A}=X+jY=\sqrt{X^2+Y^2}\angle{\tan^{-1}{\frac{Y}{X}}}=\sqrt{X^2+Y^2}e^{j \tan^{-1}{\frac{Y}{X}}}$$. Let us understand how this process works, even though a phasor causes circuits to heat up steady flow in current will explain on a basis that disallows overheating. Since according to the formula the outcome will be there is a time in  duration which the current usage stays the same.

Sinusoidal Signals
To begin, we must first understand what sinusoidal signals are. Sinusoidal signals can be represented as
 * $$A\cos({\omega}t+\theta)\!$$

where A is the amplitude, $$\omega$$ is the frequency in radians per second, and $$\theta$$ is the phase angle in degrees(phase shift). We can return to the sinusoidal signal by taking the real part of Euler's formula:
 * $$ A\cos({\omega}t+\theta)=\mathfrak{Re}(Ae^{j({\omega}t+\theta)})$$

For the moment, consider single-frequency circuits. Every steady state current and voltage will have the same basic form:
 * $$\tilde{A_i}e^{j{\omega}t}$$ where $$\tilde{A_i}$$ is a phasor. So we can "divide through" by $$e^{j{\omega}t}\!$$ to get phasor circuit equations.  We can solve these equations for some phasor circuit quantity $$\tilde{Y}$$, multiply by $$e^{j{\omega}t}\!$$, and convert back to the sinusoidal form to find the time-domain sinusoidal steady-state solution.

Example
We have three sinusoidal signals with the same frequency added together:
 * $$v(t) = 5\cos(200t+30^\circ)+2\cos(200t+45^\circ)+\cos(200t-60^\circ)\!$$

In phasor notation, this is:
 * $$\tilde{V} = 5e^{j30^\circ}+2e^{j45^\circ}+e^{-j60^\circ} = 5\angle30+2\angle45+\angle-60$$

We can combine these terms to get one phasor notation. This is done first by separating the real and imaginary components:
 * $$\text{X: }5\cos(30^\circ) + 2\cos(45^\circ)+\cos(-60^\circ)\approx 6.2443\!$$
 * $$\text{Y: }5\sin(30^\circ) + 2\sin(45^\circ)+\sin(-60^\circ)\approx 3.04819\!$$

The phasor notation can be written as:
 * $$\tilde{V}=6.2443+j3.04819=\sqrt{6.2443^2+3.04819^2}\angle{\tan^{-1}{\frac{3.04819}{6.2443}}}$$
 * $$\tilde{V}=6.94861\angle{26.0194}$$

Back to the time domain, we get the answer:
 * $$v(t)=6.94861\cos(200t+26.0194^\circ)$$

title: Electronics/Phasors


text:
Triscay Stakes

The Triscay Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 3 Thoroughbred horse race, for mares aged four-years-old and upwards, with set weights with penalties conditions, over a distance of 1200 metres at Randwick Racecourse in Sydney, Australia in mid February. Total prize money for the race is A$200,000.

History
The race is named after champion two-year-old and three-year-old filly Triscay who won both the QTC Queensland Guineas and Oaks in 1991.

Name

 * 1995 - Triscay Fillies and Mares Quality Handicap
 * 1996–2005 - Triscay Fillies and Mares Quality Stakes
 * 2006 onwards - Triscay Stakes

Grade

 * 1996–2013 - Listed race
 * 2014 onwards - Group 3

Venue

 * 1995–2001 - Rosehill Gardens Racecourse
 * 2002 - Canterbury Park Racecourse
 * 2003–2012 - Rosehill Gardens Racecourse
 * 2013 - Warwick Farm Racecourse
 * 2014 onwards - Randwick Racecourse

Winners

 * 2023 - Po Kare Kare
 * 2022 - Snapdancer
 * 2021 - Tailleur
 * 2020 - Sweet Deal
 * 2019 - Alassio
 * 2018 - Faraway Town
 * 2017 - Zestful
 * 2016 - Sultry Feeling
 * 2015 - Thump
 * 2014 - Lilliburlero
 * 2013 - She's Clean
 * 2012 - Dystopia
 * 2011 - Kiss From A Rose
 * 2010 - Patronyme
 * 2009 - Madame Pedrille
 * 2008 - Hot Danish
 * 2007 - Doubting
 * 2006 - Shannon Bank
 * 2005 - Golden Weekend
 * 2004 - Victory Vein
 * 2003 - Oomph
 * 2002 - Okanui
 * 2001 - Air She Goes
 * 2000 - Hot In The City
 * 1999 - Greta Hall
 * 1998 - Stoneyfell Road
 * 1997 - Shindig
 * 1996 - Dipping
 * 1995 - Light Up The World

title: Triscay Stakes


text:
Talk:1757 heatwave

Table
I don't see how having these raw data helps a reader in the slightest. Why are we showing it at all? Does the reader really benefit from having this table? What do they mean (what are they being compared to, what does 'normal' look like)? Why are these specific days selected for display? Why do we need the daily high, the daily low and the average temperature of this number of successive days to understand that there was a heatwave, and it was hot? What is the point? It is all just seems like data for data's sake. Agricolae (talk) 14:03, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

Requested move 10 August 2023

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Sceptre (talk) 00:36, 19 August 2023 (UTC)

– "heatwave" is used by WP:RELIABLESOURCES: Met Office, NHS, The Independent, World Meteorological Organization, World Weather Attribution, BBC News, World Health Organization, The Times, World Economic Forum, Bloomberg News.
 * July 1757 heat wave → July 1757 heatwave
 * 1808 United Kingdom heat wave → 1808 United Kingdom heatwave
 * 1906 British Isles heat wave → 1906 British Isles heatwave
 * 1911 United Kingdom heat wave → 1911 United Kingdom heatwave
 * 1955 United Kingdom heat wave → 1955 United Kingdom heatwave
 * 1976 British Isles heat wave → 1976 British Isles heatwave
 * 1990 United Kingdom heat wave → 1990 United Kingdom heatwave
 * 1995 British Isles heat wave → 1995 British Isles heatwave
 * 2013 British Isles heat wave → 2013 British Isles heatwave
 * 2018 British Isles heat wave → 2018 British Isles heatwave
 * 2021 British Isles heat wave → 2021 British Isles heatwave
 * 2022 United Kingdom heat waves → 2022 United Kingdom heatwaves

On the other hand, "heat wave" is more American English. Therefore, these articles should be moved per MOS:TIES. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:43, 10 August 2023 (UTC)

 * Support per WP:TITLEVAR, especially as the articles tend to use "heatwave" rather than " heat wave" in their text per MOS:TIES. -- DeFacto (talk). 15:47, 10 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Support per DeFacto. estar8806 (talk) ★ 19:27, 10 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Per the British Google Ngrams, both spellings are commonly used in British English. This is no different from the article on Grey being at that title and written in American English despite the fact that "Gray" is the more common American spelling. Rreagan007 (talk) 19:33, 10 August 2023 (UTC)
 * @Rreagan007 See here. There is no consensus on keeping that article at Grey. In my opinion, it should, in fact be "Gray", per WP:RETAIN and WP:TITLEVAR. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 11:05, 11 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Support. Definitely much commoner in British English. -- Necrothesp (talk) 15:18, 16 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Comment. There's lots of heat wave articles that aren't British heat waves, shouldn't we just have one usage? Indeed, even the July 1757 heat wave was also in Northern Europe, and was reported on in Paris.   A heat wave in French is called a "Canicule" so they lend no spelling help.  My point is we shouldn't just be creating some separate spelling plan for the times you guys wished you had air conditioning.--Milowent • hasspoken  15:59, 16 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Comment, is it important to specify that this was the July 1757 heat[ ]wave, anyway? Looking at some other Europe heat wave articles, July seems to be something they have in common. Would it be better to call it something like 1757 European heat wave/1757 European heatwave instead? Roll 3d6 (talk) 02:50, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Support per MOS:TIES, although I agree with Roll 3d6 that the first suggestion should just be 1757 heatwave per WP:CONCISE. Actualcpscmscrutinize, talk 16:01, 17 August 2023 (UTC)

Requested move 24 August 2023

The result of the move request was: moved to 1757 heatwave. Consensus that "July" is unnecessary over-precision. Though the nominator noted that adding "European" would be WP:CONSISTENT with other articles on heat waves, participants argued that WP:CONCISE and WP:PRECISE made it preferable to omit "European" from the title, indicating a stronger weight of argument for omission. (closed by non-admin page mover) ModernDayTrilobite (talk • contribs) 14:12, 13 September 2023 (UTC)

July 1757 heatwave → 1757 European heatwave – To match 2003 European heat wave. As noted by participants in the above RM, "July" is not needed. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 09:23, 24 August 2023 (UTC) — Relisting. Lightoil (talk) 14:18, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

 * Tagging @Roll 3d6 and @Actualcpscm <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 11:41, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Why is „European“ needed here? „1757 heatwave“ does not need to be further disambiguated. As I mentioned, I would support „1757 heatwave“ per WP:CONCISE. Actualcpscmscrutinize, talk 11:53, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * @Actualcpscm Would be the same at 2003 European heat wave, seeing as 2003 heatwave redirects there.
 * And the policy is WP:RECOGNIZABILITY. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 12:50, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I agree that this other article should also be moved.
 * Recognizability is not harmed by being more concise here; we don‘t need to distinguish this heatwave from any others that occurred in the same year, and per the recognizability policy, „1757 heatwave“ is perfectly fine. It‘s absolutely suitable for identifying the subject. Someone researching this heatwave will recognize „1757 heatwave“ just fine, as required by the policy. Actualcpscmscrutinize, talk 13:50, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Comment, I certainly support removing the "July" from the title, but Actual makes a point about whether to include "European". In the last RFM, I mentioned the current proposed title as an example of what I thought would be a better idea, from a quick glance at how we named other European heatwaves. After reading Actual's comments, I say 1757 heatwave would be equally or more appropriate. Roll 3d6 (talk) 19:42, 12 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Note: WikiProject Weather has been notified of this discussion. Lightoil (talk) 14:18, 1 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Note: WikiProject Europe has been notified of this discussion. Lightoil (talk) 14:18, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

Sentence to be deleted or modified
« July 1757 was the hottest month in the history of Paris… ». This sentence is only true if raw data are considered. Data corrected by Meteo-France give 22,6 °C as average for July 1757. They show that August 1780, 1997 and 2003, as well as July 2006, were hotter than July 1757. July 1794, 1859 and 1994 were so hot than July 1757 (ref : La Meteorologie, 2009, n°67).

By the way, we note the reference for the table is this of a personal website (Meteo Climat bzh). I think it shoudn't be valid in Wikipedia. Piblo (talk) 10:12, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:1757 heatwave


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Amaron Wafu

The result was delete, unverifiable. - Bobet 21:46, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Amaron Wafu
Delete Almost certainly a hoax. No googles. -Doc 14:08, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete —  No googles, no yahoo, no ask jeeves and no msn results. Looks alot like a hoax. Plus it purports to be a demigod in Philippine mythology, yet is not listed as such. SynergeticMaggot 16:50, 11 August 2006 (UTC)


text:
pio

Noun

 * 1) Chicken.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pi

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) pious, devout, prayerful
 * 2) charitable

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to appease, propitiate
 * 2) to purify, expiate

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1) pious
 * 2) compassionate

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) chirp sound emitted by chicks

Etymology
.

Interjection

 * 1) the cry made by an oriole

title: pio


text:
Talk:Learning the vi Editor/Details

The stuff is fare to unordered. It should either be removed or rewritten.
 * Great, why don't you start? <IP_ADDRESS> 16:20, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Learning the vi Editor/Details


text:
Talk:Swaralaya Kairali Yesudas award

It is a prestigious award for the veteran music artists. I added little bit what I know about this award. It is more valuable. This awards only for music artists especially for singer for their outstanding performance in their entire life. I don’t think it is to be put into articles for  deletion.

Some website of veterans singers are given below, we can see Sawaralaya Yesudas awards in there.

1   Asha bhosle http://www.asha-bhonsle.com/links/awards.php

2 S P Balasubramaniam http://www.spbala.com/Awards.asp

3 P Jayachandran

http://www.jayachandransite.com/html/recfra.html Rgds Hrisforu 11:55, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Swaralaya Kairali Yesudas award


text:
Cookbook talk:Bánh Mì

not exactly
In response to the reply below- it's a vietnamese sub and quite a different experience from subway or a meatball grinder. I would not put sauerkraut or some other incompatible ingredient in it- then it would be fusion cuisine sub and quite odd i might add. I was trying to outline the ingredients and preparation methods that I have observed from several bahn mi places. But thanks for the feedback!

I will investigate how to peel this off and integrate it into both vietnamese cuisine as well as sub sandwiches.

--mchrisneglia

American cucumbers
It is possible to use the American-variety cucumber in bánh mì – perhaps not the best way, but a decent alternative when you're in a pickle – no pun intended! – Minh Nguyễn 03:15, 23 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Huh?
This is a sub, right? A submarine sandwich? In other words, rename it to Cookbook:Sub.

I'll grant that some of the fillings are a bit unusual, but sliced turkey and bacon wouldn't be out of place in that list. The same goes for saurkraut and pastrami, teriyaki, BLT, or even ham and cheese.

 * There's no reason why another recipe can't be written at Cookbook:Submarine Sandwich. You also might want to read Cookbook:Po' Boy, and Cookbook:French Dip Sandwiches. There is more than enough room for different recipes for similar items in this cookbook. Gentgeen 04:27, 27 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Sure, but this appears to be an exact match. The one possible distinction involves warming the bread. If I were making a sub though, I'd warm the bread if I wasn't feeling lazy or if the bread was a bit old. So... this is a sub. It's not just similar to a sub; it is one.

 * Having eaten a Banh Mi, I can say that the cilantro in the recipe makes this sandwich a unique eating experience, very different than a sub. Also, there is less meat used than would be typical in a sub, resulting in a lighter sandwich. Gentgeen 05:22, 27 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Do you mean that cilantro is always used? All the "Standard" ingredients are always used? If so, that sure wasn't clear. The way I read things, you could just use the meatballs. It's kind of like saying that mayonaise, American cheese, tomatoes, and lettuce are standard sub ingredients -- but a sub with just tofu and hot sauce is still a sub. So do you think a "Bánh Mì" with just the smoked salmon and sprout mix wouldn't count?

RE: Huh?
No, if anything it should be added to a Vietnamese cuisine cookbook. It is a sub, but if you call it a 'vietnamese sub', then people who know what 'bahn mi' is will get confused and won't find it.

bahn mi in Atlanta
There is a Bahn Mi restaurant on Buford Highway in the 'Ranch99' shopping center. Parking / navigation in the center is tough, but it's worth it. Can't remember the name (maybe it's 'bahn mi'?) but it's on the left side of the shopping center when oriented facing the ranch99 supermarket, about halfway to the last shop closest to Buford highway. Bahn Mi is only available for lunch, but their dinners and appetizers are great too. kind of a dive, but arguably the best bahn mi in town. very inexpensive as i remember too, like 2 bucks for a sandwich or something crazy like that.

-mchrisneglia

The name
This is probably splitting hairs, but being Vietnamese myself, I couldn't help but notice–Bánh is just the Vietnamese word for "bread". Just "bread", not the sandwich itself. For this reason, I propose renaming it to Bánh Mì Ba Leo, the actual name for this sandwich. <IP_ADDRESS> 18:46, 2 August 2006 (UTC)

RE: the name
If you want to make the page better, than write in the article that 'bahn mi ba leo' is the actual name of the sandwich. If you were a vietnamese person, or should you frequent vietnamese restaurants, you would notice very quickly that they always list the sandwich as 'bahn mi'. So, in essence, I believe you are incorrect by trying to name something opposite of convention. This is an article in English, for english-speakers. If you want them to be able to understand what they are reading and help them search to find the article, you would be wise to stay user-oriented and go with convention. If you want to wax academic then go ahead and add that as a pointer to the original article and improve the article instead of talking about it.

kthanks! sincerely mchrisneglia necropost.

The name
The problem i got with it is some of the ingredients and the name LIFE WITH STEPHANIE (discuss • contribs) 16:05, 20 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Cookbook talk:Bánh Mì


text:
User:Declonwater123/sandbox

Mike Ponder born October 19 1964 is the head coach of the Sudbury Wolves and was recently fired by the Toronto Marbloes jr.b hockey club. He lead his team to 3 jr.b championships and he coached Connor Mcdavid

title: User:Declonwater123/sandbox


text:
Lizzy Valentine

Elizabeth Miklosi (born August 10, 1983 ), known professionally as Lizzy Valentine, is an American former professional wrestler, valet, model, and actress. She is best known for her work on MTV's Wrestling Society X.

Professional wrestling career
Valentine was trained by Homicide and began her career under the ring name Miss Led with the Long Island Wrestling Federation and the Northeast independent circuit. She also appeared in numerous other independent wrestling promotions, managing multiple wrestlers and feuding with multiple others.

Independent circuit (2000–2010)
In Jersey All Pro Wrestling (JAPW), she managed Dixie and had her first professional match against April Hunter. She also managed Nick Berk and Z-Barr in Liberty All-Star Wrestling in Philadelphia and NWA Florida. Valentine had a career long feud with Alexis Laree. The two faced each other up and down the East Coast in KAPOW!, Southern Championship Wrestling, and Dangerous Women of Wrestling. Valentine has also teamed with the Ballard Brothers in various promotions. She even toured Alaska and wrestled matches for the troops in the Middle East. As J-Love, she feuded with Pogo the Clown in Xtreme Pro Wrestling (XPW).

In 2005, Valentine debuted for Ultimate Pro Wrestling in California and began managing Pro Wrestling Guerrilla's world champion Adam Pearce. Miklosi then auditioned for the 2005 Diva Search held by World Wrestling Entertainment; however, she was not selected as a finalist.

Miklosi appeared on Lucha Libre USA under the ring name Lizzy Valentine Carter. She was a member of The Right with R. J. Brewer and Petey Williams.

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
Valentine had a brief stint as a TNA Knockout in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). She first competed as JV Love on TNA Xplosion in a match against Tracy Brooks. She had a spot during the match where she flipped Brooks down to the mat by the hair. She was then repackaged as a new character named Cheerleader Valentina and replaced Brooks as the partner of Nurse Veronica in the all-female stable known as Bitchslap. In their first appearance together, they attacked the TNA cage dancers during a dance routine, but were separated by TNA security. A match was finally scheduled between Veronica and Valentine and the TNA cage dancers (April Pennington and Lollipop). However, before the match could fully start, it was interrupted by Trinity, who revealed herself as the newest member of Bitchslap and attacked Pennington and Lollipop. The TNA cage dancers retaliated against Bitchslap the following week. They summoned Bitchslap to the ring; however, Trinity forced Veronica and Valentine into the ring to fight the cage dancers. Pennington and Lollipop attacked Veronica and Valentine with leather straps, until they fled up the entrance ramp to rejoin Trinity. The storyline with Bitchslap was then dropped because TNA didn't have enough female wrestlers to compete against the group, and Ronnie Stevens turned down a two-year contract with TNA, instead attempting to sign with either WWE or a company in Japan. Brooks and Trinity were then placed into other storylines and TNA stopped booking Miklosi.

On December 21, 2009, at the tapings of Impact!, Valentine defeated Amber O'Neal in a tryout dark match.

Wrestling Society X
In 2006, Valentine performed in the short-lived MTV wrestling series Wrestling Society X. She was the valet and on-screen girlfriend of Matt Sydal, and worked as a heel.

On the July 29 episode of Wrestling Society X, Sydal defeated Human Tornado, after interference from Valentine. Valentine accompanied Sydal to the ring where he defeated Scorpio Sky, and after the match, Valentine wrote "Hater" on his back. Sydal began a feud with Syxx-Pac over Valentine, but WSX folded before they ever had a match.

Wrestlicious (2009–2010)
In early 2009, she took part in the first season tapings of Wrestlicious, which started airing in March 2010, using the character of Kandi Kisses, known as "The Britney Spears of Wrestling." She made her debut on March 1 of the first episode of Takedown, performing her new song but was caught lip syncing, causing the fans to turn on her, turning her heel in the process. She made her singles debut on May 26 in the main event of Takedown, facing Lil' Slamm in a singles match, where she lost via pinfall.

Juggalo Championship Wrestling (2012)
After a year away from wrestling, Valentine made two appearances for Juggalo Championship Wrestling (JCW). The first was on July 7, 2012 during the Road to Bloodymania 6 show, where she lost in a singles match against Randy the Ring Girl. The second was on August 11 at Oddball Wrestling, where she was involved in a five on one handicap elimination match, which was won by Kongo Kong.

Championships and accomplishments

 * KAPOW!
 * KAPOW! Women's Championship (1 time)
 * Ultimate Pro Wrestling
 * UPW Women's Championship (1 time)

title: Lizzy Valentine


text:
Talk:puck bunny

"Very rare" in this context means, no, Wonderfool, I've never heard this term, but b.g.c. seems to support it, in this sense. --Connel MacKenzie 15:53, 3 November 2007 (UTC)

The fuck buddy comment has nothing to do with the term. I removed it.

title: Talk:puck bunny


text:
Javier Ferreira

Javier Ferreira is a former Paraguayan international footballer. He played for Paraguay in the 1990 World Cup qualifying campaign. Ferreira was also co-top scorer in the 1988 South American Youth Championship.

title: Javier Ferreira


text:
Talk:P&O Maritime Logistics

Edit request
Hello, I have a conflict of interest with this article and I know that the entity known as P&O Maritime is now defunct, as it has been merged with Topaz Energy to form a new company, P&O Maritime Logistics

What is be the best way to reflect this change on Wikipedia?

References for merger here:

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Occasionalpedestrian (talk • contribs) 14:40, 20 April 2022 (UTC)
 * - please sign any post you make, by including four tildes (like this: ~ ) at the end. This will automatically produce your username and a timestamp. Thank you.--Rocknrollmancer (talk) 13:04, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for flagging Occasionalpedestrian (talk) 13:15, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * I was pinged on my talk page, but don't have capacity to handle this at the moment, so I've added Request edit to bring this to others attention. Thanks. Mike Peel (talk) 07:28, 2 May 2022 (UTC)

 * It appears to me that this move was made in May 2022 but the template was not updated. Done now. Duke Gilmore (talk) 19:07, 9 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:P&O Maritime Logistics


text:
блѧсти

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) chatter, talk nonsense
 * 2) * from the Homily against the Bogumils, 277:
 * "cu"

- и ина мънога о нихъ блѧдѫтъ

title: блѧсти


text:
User:Tuanminh01/Template19

Aunts, uncles, nieces or nephews
In the Netherlands, marrying one's nephew or niece is legal, but only with the explicit permission of the Dutch Government, due to the possible risk of genetic defects among the offspring. Nephew-niece marriages predominantly occur among foreign immigrants. In November 2008, the Christian Democratic (CDA) party's Scientific Institute announced that it wanted a ban on marriages to nephews and nieces.

Consensual sex between adults (persons of 18 years and older) is always lawful in the Netherlands and Belgium, even among closely related family members. Sexual acts between an adult family member and a minor are illegal, though they are not classified as incest, but as abuse of the authority such an adult has over a minor, comparable to that of a teacher, coach or priest.

In Florida, consensual adult sexual intercourse with someone known to be your aunt, uncle, niece or nephew constitutes a felony of the third degree. Other states also commonly prohibit marriages between such kin. The legality of sex with a half-aunt or half-uncle varies state by state.

In the United Kingdom, incest includes only sexual intercourse with a parent, grandparent, child or sibling, but the more recently introduced offence of "sex with an adult relative" extends also as far as half-siblings, uncles, aunts, nephews and nieces. However, the term 'incest' remains widely used in popular culture to describe any form of sexual activity with a relative. In Canada, marriage between uncles and nieces and between aunts and nephews is legal.

Between adult siblings
The most public case of consensual adult sibling incest in recent years is the case of a brother-sister couple from Germany, Patrick Stübing and Susan Karolewski. Because of violent behavior on the part of his father, Patrick was taken in at the age of 3 by foster parents, who adopted him later. At the age of 23 he learned about his biological parents, contacted his mother, and met her and his then 16-year-old sister Susan for the first time. The now-adult Patrick moved in with his birth family shortly thereafter. After their mother died suddenly six months later, the siblings became intimately close, and had their first child together in 2001. By 2004, they had four children together: Eric, Sarah, Nancy, and Sofia. The public nature of their relationship, and the repeated prosecutions and even jail time they have served as a result, has caused some in Germany to question whether incest between consenting adults should be punished at all. An article about them in Der Spiegel states that the couple are happy together. According to court records, the first three children have mental and physical disabilities, and have been placed in foster care. In April 2012, at the European Court of Human Rights, Patrick Stübing lost his case that the conviction violated his right to a private and family life. On September 24, 2014, the German Ethics Council has recommended that the government abolish laws criminalizing incest between siblings, arguing that such bans impinge upon citizens.

Some societies differentiate between full sibling and half sibling relations. In ancient societies, full sibling and half sibling marriages occurred.

Cousin relationships

Marriages and sexual relationships between first cousins are stigmatized as incest in some cultures, but tolerated in much of the world. Currently, 24 US states prohibit marriages between first cousins, and another seven permit them only under special circumstances. The United Kingdom permits both marriage and sexual relations between first cousins.

In some non-Western societies, marriages between close biological relatives account for 20% to 60% of all marriages.

First- and second-cousin marriages are rare, accounting for less than 1% of marriages in Western Europe, North America and Oceania, while reaching 9% in South America, East Asia and South Europe and about 50% in regions of the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia. Communities such as the Dhond and the Bhittani of Pakistan clearly prefer marriages between cousins as belief they ensure purity of the descent line, provide intimate knowledge of the spouses, and ensure that patrimony will not pass into the hands of "outsiders". Cross-cousin marriages are preferred among the Yanomami of Brazilian Amazonia, among many other tribal societies identified by anthropologists.

There are some cultures in Asia which stigmatize cousin marriage, in some instances even marriages between second cousins or more remotely related people. This is notably true in the culture of Korea. In South Korea, before 1997, anyone with the same last name and clan were prohibited from marriage. In light of this law being held unconstitutional, South Korea now only prohibits up to third cousins (see Article 809 of the Korean Civil Code). Hmong culture prohibits the marriage of anyone with the same last name – to do so would result in being shunned by the entire community, and they are usually stripped of their last name. Some Hindu communities in India prohibit cousin marriages.

In a review of 48 studies on the children parented by cousins, the rate of birth defects was twice that of non-related couples: 4% for cousin couples as opposed to 2% for the general population.

Defined through marriage
Some cultures include relatives by marriage in incest prohibitions; these relationships are called affinity rather than consanguinity. For example, the question of the legality and morality of a widower who wished to marry his deceased wife's sister was the subject of long and fierce debate in the United Kingdom in the 19th century, involving, among others, Matthew Boulton and Charles La Trobe. The marriages were entered into in Scotland and Switzerland respectively, where they were legal. In medieval Europe, standing as a godparent to a child also created a bond of affinity. But in other societies, a deceased spouse's sibling was considered the ideal person to marry. The Hebrew Bible forbids a man from marrying his brother's widow with the exception that, if his brother died childless, the man is instead required to marry his brother's widow so as to "raise up seed to him" (per ). Some societies have long practiced sororal polygyny, a form of polygamy in which a man marries multiple wives who are sisters to each other (though not closely related to him).

In Islamic law, marriage among close blood relations like parents, stepparent, parents in-law, siblings, stepsiblings, the children of siblings, aunts and uncles is forbidden, while first or second cousins may marry. Marrying the widow of a brother, or the sister of deceased or divorced wife is also allowed.

Inbreeding
Offspring of biologically related parents are subject to the possible impact of inbreeding. Such offspring have a higher possibility of congenital birth defects (see Coefficient of relationship) because it increases the proportion of zygotes that are homozygous for deleterious recessive alleles that produce such disorders (see Inbreeding depression). Because most such alleles are rare in populations, it is unlikely that two unrelated marriage partners will both be heterozygous carriers. However, because close relatives share a large fraction of their alleles, the probability that any such rare deleterious allele present in the common ancestor will be inherited from both related parents is increased dramatically with respect to non-inbred couples. Contrary to common belief, inbreeding does not in itself alter allele frequencies, but rather increases the relative proportion of homozygotes to heterozygotes. This has two contrary effects. The closer two persons are related, the higher the zygosity, and thus the more severe the biological costs of inbreeding. This fact likely explains why inbreeding between close relatives, such as siblings, is less common than inbreeding between cousins.
 * In the short term, because incestuous reproduction increases zygosity, deleterious recessive alleles will express themselves more frequently, leading to increases in spontaneous abortions of zygotes, perinatal deaths, and postnatal offspring with birth defects.
 * In the long run, however, because of this increased exposure of deleterious recessive alleles to natural selection, their frequency decreases more rapidly in inbred population, leading to a "healthier" population (with fewer deleterious recessive alleles).

There may also be other deleterious effects besides those caused by recessive diseases. Thus, similar immune systems may be more vulnerable to infectious diseases (see Major histocompatibility complex and sexual selection).

A 1994 study found a mean excess mortality with inbreeding among first cousins of 4.4%. Children of parent-child or sibling-sibling unions are at increased risk compared to cousin-cousin unions. Studies suggest that 20-36% of these children will die or have major disability due to the inbreeding. A study of 29 offspring resulting from brother-sister or father-daughter incest found that 20 had congenital abnormalities, including four directly attributable to autosomal recessive alleles.

Laws
Laws regarding sexual activity between close relatives vary considerably between jurisdictions, and depend on the type of sexual activity and the nature of the family relationship of the parties involved, as well as the age and sex of the parties. Prohibition of incest laws may extend to restrictions on marriage rights, which also vary between jurisdictions. Most jurisdictions prohibit parent-child and sibling marriages, while others also prohibit first-cousin and uncle-niece and aunt-nephew marriages. In most places, incest is illegal, regardless of the ages of the two partners. In other countries, incestuous relationships between consenting adults (with the age varying by location) are permitted, including in the Netherlands, France, Slovenia and Spain. Sweden is the only country that allows marriage between half-siblings and they must seek government counseling before marriage.

While the legality of consensual incest varies by country, sexual assault committed against a relative is usually seen as a very serious crime. In some legal systems, the fact of a perpetrator being a close relative to the victim constitutes an aggravating circumstance in the case of sexual crimes such as rape and sexual conduct with a minor – this is the case in Romania.

Jewish
According to the Torah, per, "the children of Israel"—Israelite men and women alike—are forbidden from sexual relations between people who are "near of kin" (verse 6), who are defined as:

 * Parents and children (verse 7)
 * Siblings and half siblings (verses 9 and 11). Relationships between these are particularly singled out for a curse in Deuteronomy 27, and they are of the only two kinds incestuous relationships that are among the particularly-singled-out relationships—with the other particularly-singled-out relationships being ones of non-incestuous family betrayal (cf. verse 20) and bestiality (cf. verse 21)
 * Grandparents and grandchildren (verse 10)
 * Aunts and nephews, uncles and nieces, etc. (verses 12–14). Relationships between these are the second kind of relationships that are particularly singled out for a curse in Deuteronomy 27, and the explicit examples of children-in-law and mothers-in-law (verse 23) serves to remind the Israelites that the parents-in-law are also (or at least should be also) the children-in-laws' aunts and uncles:

"And Moses commanded the children of Israel according to the word of the LORD, saying: 'The tribe of the sons of Joseph speaketh right. This is the thing which the LORD hath commanded concerning the daughters of Zelophehad, saying: Let them be married to whom they think best; only into the family of the tribe of their father shall they be married. So shall no inheritance of the children of Israel remove from tribe to tribe; for the children of Israel shall cleave every one to the inheritance of the tribe of his fathers. And every daughter, that possesseth an inheritance in any tribe of the children of Israel, shall be wife unto one of the family of the tribe of her father, that the children of Israel may possess every man the inheritance of his fathers. So shall no inheritance remove from one tribe to another tribe; for the tribes of the children of Israel shall cleave each one to its own inheritance.' Even as the LORD commanded Moses, so did the daughters of Zelophehad. For Mahlah, Tirzah, and Hoglah, and Milcah, and Noah, the daughters of Zelophehad, were married unto their father's brothers' sons."

Incestuous relationships are considered so severe among chillulim HaShem, acts which bring shame to the name of God, as to be, along with the other forbidden relationships that are mentioned in Leviticus 18, punishable by death as specified in Leviticus 20.

In the 4th century BCE, the Soferim (scribes) declared that there were relationships within which marriage constituted incest, in addition to those mentioned by the Torah. These additional relationships were termed seconds (Hebrew: sheniyyot), and included the wives of a man's grandfather and grandson. The classical rabbis prohibited marriage between a man and any of these seconds of his, on the basis that doing so would act as a safeguard against infringing the biblical incest rules, although there was inconclusive debate about exactly what the limits should be for the definition of seconds.

Marriages that are forbidden in the Torah (with the exception of uncle-niece marriages) were regarded by the rabbis of the Middle Ages as invalid – as if they had never occurred; any children born to such a couple were regarded as bastards under Jewish law, and the relatives of the spouse were not regarded as forbidden relations for a further marriage. On the other hand, those relationships which were prohibited due to qualifying as seconds, and so forth, were regarded as wicked, but still valid; while they might have pressured such a couple to divorce, any children of the union were still seen as legitimate.

Christian
The Catholic Church regards incest as a sin against the Sacrament of Matrimony. For the Catholic Church, at the heart of the immorality of incest is the corruption and disordering of proper family relations. These disordered relationships take on a particularly grave and immoral character when it becomes child sexual abuse.

As the Catechism of the Catholic Church says: 2388 Incest designates intimate relations between relatives or in-laws within a degree that prohibits marriage between them. St. Paul stigmatizes this especially grave offense: 'It is actually reported that there is immorality among you...for a man is living with his father's wife....In the name of the Lord Jesus...you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh....' Incest corrupts family relationships and marks a regression toward animality.

2389 Connected to incest is any sexual abuse perpetrated by adults on children or adolescents entrusted to their care. The offense is compounded by the scandalous harm done to the physical and moral integrity of the young, who will remain scarred by it all their lives; and the violation of responsibility for their upbringing.

The Book of Common Prayer of the Anglican Communion allows marriages up to and including first cousins.

Islamic
The Quran gives specific rules regarding incest, which prohibit a man from marrying or having sexual relationships with:

 * his father's wife (his mother, or stepmother ), his mother-in-law, a woman from whom he has nursed, even the children of this woman
 * either parent's sister (aunt),
 * his sister, his half sister, a woman who has nursed from the same woman as he, his sister-in-law (wife's sister) while still married. Half relations are as sacred as are the full relations.
 * his niece (child of sibling),
 * his daughter, his stepdaughter (if the marriage to her mother had been consummated), his daughter-in-law.

Cousin marriage finds support in Islamic scriptures and is widespread in the Middle East.

Although Islam allows cousin marriage, there are Hadiths attributed to Muhammad calling for distance from the marriage of relatives.

Zoroastrian
In Ancient Persia, incest between cousins is a blessed virtue although in some sources incest is believed to be related to that of parent-child or brothers-sisters. Under Zoroastrianism royalty, clergy, and commoners practiced incest, though the extent in the latter class was unknown. This tradition was called Xwedodah. The tradition was considered so sacred, that the bodily fluids produced by an incestuous couple were thought to have curative powers. For instance, the Vendidad advised corpse-bearers to purify themselves with a mixture of urine of a married incestuous couple. Friedrich Nietzsche, in his book The Birth of Tragedy, cited that among Zoroastrians a wise priest is born only by Xvaetvadatha.

To what extent Xvaetvadatha was practiced in Sasanian Iran and before, especially outside the royal and noble families (“dynastic incest”) and, perhaps, the clergy, and whether practices ascribed to them can be assumed to be characteristic of the general population is not clear. There is a lack of genealogies and census material on the frequency of Xvaetvadatha. Evidence from Dura-Europos, however, combined with that of the Jewish and Christian sources citing actual cases under the Sasanians, strengthen the evidence of the Zoroastrian texts. In the post-Sasanian Zoroastrian literature, Xvaetvadatha is said to refer to marriages between cousins instead, which have always been relatively common. It has been observed that such incestuous acts received a great deal of glorification as a religious practice and, in addition to being condemned by foreigners (though the reliability of these accusations is questionable since accusations of incest were a common way of denigrating other groups), were considered a great challenge by its own proponents, with accounts suggesting that four copulations was deemed a rare achievement worthy of eternal salvation. It has been suggested that because taking up incestuous relations was a great personal challenge, seemingly repugnant even to Zoroastrians of the time, that it served as an honest signal of commitment and devotion to religious ideals.

Hindu
Rigveda regard incest to be "evil". Hinduism speaks of incest in abhorrent terms. Hindus believe there are both karmic and practical bad effects of incest and thus practice strict rules of both endogamy and exogamy, in relation to the family tree (gotra) or bloodline (Pravara). Marriage within the gotra (swagotra marriages) are banned under the rule of exogamy in the traditional matrimonial system. People within the gotra are regarded as kin and marrying such a person would be thought of as incest. Marriage with paternal cousins (a form of parallel-cousin relationship) is strictly prohibited.

Although generally marriages between persons having the same gotra are prohibited, how this is defined may vary regionally. Depending on culture and caste of the population in the region, marriage may be restricted up to seven generations of gotra of father, mother, and grandmother. In a few rural areas, marriage is banned within same local community is only allowed with those from outside of the community, as they consider a small village to be like brothers and sisters of one large family. These rules are strictly enforced and a couple breaking them is violently punished sometimes.

Animals
Many species of mammals, including humanity's closest primate relatives, tend to avoid mating with close relatives, especially if there are alternative partners available. However, some chimpanzees have been recorded attempting to mate with their mothers. Male rats have been recorded engaging in mating with their sisters, but they tend to prefer non-related females over their sisters.

Livestock breeders often practice controlled breeding to eliminate undesirable characteristics within a population, which is also coupled with culling of what is considered unfit offspring, especially when trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock.

Insects
North Carolina State University found that bed bugs, in contrast to most other insects, tolerate incest and are able to genetically withstand the effects of inbreeding quite well.

title: User:Tuanminh01/Template19


text:
Talk:Boys in the Trees

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title: Talk:Boys in the Trees


text:
Rein Ozoline

Reinold "Rein" Ozoline (born 18 May 1967 in St.Peterburg Russia) is an Australian former wrestler who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and in the 2000 Summer Olympics.

title: Rein Ozoline


text:
User:Transliterati/TWA/Earth/2

Shape and structure

Tectonic plates

Surface

Atmosphere

Weather, climate, and water cycle

Orbit and rotation

title: User:Transliterati/TWA/Earth/2


text:
Barag Shahi

Barag Shahi (, also Romanized as Barag Shāhī and Barg Shāhī; also known as Barak Shāhī) is a village in Binalud Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 345, in 93 families.

title: Barag Shahi


text:
OPS 5112

OPS 5112, also known as Navstar 2, NDS-2, GPS I-2 and GPS SVN-2, was an American navigation satellite launched in 1978 as part of the Global Positioning System development programme. It was the second of eleven Block I GPS satellites to be launched.

Background
Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to provide all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for military ground, sea, and air forces. Since its implementation, GPS has also become an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational used (e.g., boating, aircraft, hiking), corporate vehicle fleet tracking, and surveying. GPS employs 24 spacecraft in 20,200 km circular orbits inclined at 55°. These vehicles are placed in 6 orbit planes with four operational satellites in each plane.

Spacecraft
The first eleven spacecraft (GPS Block 1) were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the GPS system. They were 3-axis stabilized, nadir pointing using reaction wheels. Dual solar arrays supplied over 400 W. They had S-band (SGLS) communications for control and telemetry and UHF cross-link between spacecraft. They were manufactured by Rockwell Space Systems, were 5.3 m across with solar panels deployed, and had a design life expectancy of 5 years. Unlike the later operational satellites, GPS Block 1 spacecraft were inclined at 63°.

Launch
OPS 5112 was launched at 10:34 UTC on 13 May 1978, atop an Atlas F launch vehicle with an SGS-1 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 49F, and was originally built as an Atlas F. The launch took place from Vandenberg Space Launch Complex 3 (SLC-3E) at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed OPS 5112 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor.

Mission
By 14 July 1978, OPS 5112 was in an orbit with a perigee of 19952 km, an apogee of 20084 km, a period of 711.30 minutes, and 63.10° of inclination to the equator. The satellite had a design life of 5 years and a mass of 758 kg. It broadcast the PRN 07 signal in the GPS demonstration constellation, and was retired from service on 16 July 1981.

title: OPS 5112


text:
User:Dewaleoso210

OSOKOYA SUNDAY, (born Osokoya Sunday Adewale 17 January 1990)is an English/traditional fashion model and actor he was discovered october 2015 after his youth corp service and signed to pearl looks Nigeria model in nigeria ,lagos state He began appearing on international runways in 2017

Osokoya Adewale

Born:                  17 January 1990 Ijebu ode,Ogun state,Nigeria

Residence:             Ogun,Ogun state

Other names:           Osokoya Sunday Adewale

Citizenship:           Nigerian

Occupation:            Actor,Model

title: User:Dewaleoso210


text:
Talk:ArthaKranti

It should be a separate article in my opinion. I would like to discuss about it if there are any other opinions about the same. Thank you. -- Abhijeet Safai (talk) 05:16, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Created separate article. If separate article is not appropriate, it can be discussed here. Thank you. -- Abhijeet Safai (talk) 06:03, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

Website of the organization
This is the website of the organisation which can be added in the infobox as infobox will get created. -- Abhijeet Safai (talk) 06:07, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

Not to delete well referenced contents
It is my request to not to delete the well referenced contents altogether. I am happy if the contents are present in some other article. Thank you. -- Abhijeet Safai (talk) 05:24, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:ArthaKranti


text:
Simulated Annealing Project

Search Using Simulated Annealing and Gradient Descent
This assignment was first created and used for two semesters at the University of Southern California in the Artificial Intelligence Course CSCI561 and CSCI460. Some changes have been made to make this a self-guided project. The original homework can be found cool-ai.com

Problem 1 - Preparation
A major video game manufacture has hired you to figure out how to minimize the amount of sleep their programmers get by adjusting different items in the workspace. For instance, you could:

You can tell how much sleep each programmer is getting based on feedback from a microchip each one has been implanted with in their head. You then have a digital readout with the average amount of sleep for all the programmers.
 * 1) Turn the amount of caffeine added to their coffee up or down.
 * 2) Adjust the lights to be brighter or dimmer.
 * 3) Adjust the average pay up or down.
 * 4) Make their seats harder or softer.
 * 5) Turn up or down the volume on the corporate Muzak.
 * 6) Reduce or increase trace amounts of Xylene in the air.

Problems 1-4

 * 1) Thinking about methods we have studied so far, what would you do to find the optimal adjustments for the workplace items in order to minimize sleep? Describe how you would implement such a method in this situation.
 * 2) The video game manufacture asks you if you can guarantee that you will find the absolutely optimal workspace settings such that programmers get the least amount of sleep possible. What do you tell them?
 * 3) You notice that one of your former TA’s from CS 561 now works at the video game manufacturer and you want to be nice to him. Could you use the same procedure to maximize the amount of sleep each programmer gets?
 * 4) It turns out one of the officers at the software manufacturer is a real big fan of Charles Darwin. He asks you to figure out a way to do the sleep minimization using a genetic algorithm. How might you change the experiment to use a genetic algorithm? You may assume there are enough programmers and resources at your disposal to carry out such an optimization.
 * 5) Allowing you to assume this last question is worth no points, is the plight of each programmer more Orwellian or Kafkaesque?

Problem 2 Coding and Experiments
You are a zookeeper in the reptile house. One of your rare South Pacific Tufted Wizzo lizards (Tufticus wizzocus) has just had several babies. Your job is to find a place to put each baby lizard in a nursery. However, there is a catch, the baby lizards have very long tongues. A baby lizard can shoot out its tongue and eat any other baby lizard before you have time to save it. As such, you want to make sure that no baby lizard can eat another baby lizard in the nursery (burp).

For each baby lizard, you can place them in one spot on a grid. From there, they can shoot out their tongue up, down, left, right and diagonally as well. Their tongues are very long and can reach to the edge of the nursery from any location. Figure 1 shows in what ways a baby lizard can eat another.

In addition to baby lizards, your nursery has some trees planted in it. Your lizards cannot shoot their tongues through the trees nor can you move a lizard into the same place as a tree. As such, a tree will block any lizard from eating another lizard if it is in the path. Additionally, the tree will block you from moving the lizard to that location. Figure 2 shows some different valid arrangements of lizards

You will write a program in c++ that will take in an input file that has an arrangement of lizards and trees and will output a new arrangement of lizards (no you can’t move the trees) such that no baby lizard can eat another one. You will be required to create a program in GNU C++ (g++) that finds the solution. For this project we will use simulated annealing. Additionally, you should be able to run several different test files and give some analysis of your running.

 * For this using c++ is of course optional. This can easily be done in Java or Matlab.

Input: Your input will start with a single number, n, followed by the n x n nursery. It will have a 0 where there is nothing, a 1 where there is a lizard and a 2 where there is a tree. You will output a new file exactly like the first (except for one extra line, see below), but with the correct lizard positions. So for instance, an input file arranged like figure 2b would look like:

8							 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0 1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	2	0	0	1 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	1	0	0	2	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0

The name of your input file will be specified as the first command line argument in your program.

Output: At command line an output filename will be specified as the second argument in your program. The output is the last state of your program. If you found a solution, the output file should contain that solution. Else if you did not find a solution, output the last state. You will specify that you found a solution by placing a 1 at the last line of your output. If you found no solution, place a 0. Thus, if your output looks like figure 2a, your output file will look like this:

8							 0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0 1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0 0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1 0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0 0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0 0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0 1

(note that the output example shown here does not correspond to the above input example; the two are not related, since, again, you cannot move (or remove) any tree that may be present).

Experiments
Your program will be run on several different input examples and each time should output the solution if one exists. Additionally, keep track of the amount of time your program takes to run, in number of steps. So, you will need to keep a counter that increments by one every time you move one of your baby lizards. Additionally, you will need to be able to change the temperature schedule to find the one that works best. Thus, by keeping track of the number of steps it takes, you can determine which method worked the best.

Note on time restrictions
If your program takes longer than 30 seconds on any of the example problems you're probably not doing this correctly. In reality, this should run quite quickly on a modern computer.

Questions

 * 1) Why is simulated annealing a good algorithm for this problem? (think about complexity and other considerations)
 * 2) What would be reasonable temperature decrease schedules to use for this problem? To answer this question you will need to do some search on the web to find which schedules other people have typically been using for various problems solved using simulated annealing. Tell us about at least three different possible schedules. Include equations and function graphs for each schedule as well as the URL from which you found it.
 * 3) Experiment with the different temperature schedules you found and conduct a comparative analysis, running your algorithm on at least 25 different problems of various sizes each time (that is, create inputs for 25 problems of your choice; then run your program on that same set but each time using a different temperature decrease schedule. It is okay if your program has to be recompiled to select which schedule to use. When you send us your code, just have the best schedule as your default. Motivate your answer with a table showing some measure of performance on your 25 test problems (for example, steps taken) for your different schedules. Like in (2), you should test at least 3 different schedules. Include a conclusion on which schedule seems superior with supporting statistics and illustrations.
 * 4) In addition to using simulated annealing, could you also have used genetic algorithms to solve this problem? If so, how would you have done it (just explain, you do not have to code), if not, then why?

Project Material
Simulated Annealing material.rar - Rar can be opened with WinRAR

title: Simulated Annealing Project


text:
Jim Turner (singer)

James Louis Turner (born September 6, 1946) is an American singer-songwriter, who has national credits from Broadway, television, and radio. Well-known from The Lawrence Welk Show as the country/pop bass baritone from 1979 until its eponymous host retired in 1982, he was earlier cast on Broadway for the original Jesus Christ Superstar, while he was in New York City on a Nashville folk rock tour. He was nominated in 2008 for a Dove Award as a country and gospel singer for his first radio release in the Christian music genre. He is the founder of The Sounds of Purpose and remains on the board of directors of this music-charged charity.

Life and career
Born and reared in Knoxville, Tennessee, Turner got his early experience in a local band performing on the southeastern college concert and club circuit. He toured Europe as a youth soloist and classical guitarist for the University of Tennessee choir.

After graduating with honors, majoring in Engineering Management and working summers in Music, he moved to the capital city of Nashville and launched a career in the lounges of country music, "jamming" with Doug Kershaw, Johnny Cash, and Kris Kristofferson. He found immediate success as a songwriter, session musician and recording artist. Booked on a trip to New York performing with a variety show, Turner auditioned on Broadway for Jesus Christ Superstar, singing the only ballad from Pilate (not with the rehearsal pianist, but his classically played acoustic guitar).

Turner was the only lead role cast at that time. He went on to play the bass part of Caiphas, plus the screaming tenor of Pilate. After the Los Angeles run of Superstar, Turner decided to stay on the West Coast but returned to his country music roots while adding folk and rock to his acoustic guitar and vocals. He was entertaining on the Los Angeles club circuit (the Palomino, the Pasadena Ice House, the Troubadour), plus colleges, fairs and clubs throughout the country. Turner was signed to the GRC record label, and was produced by both Neil Wilburn and Larry Cox.

In 1979, he was discovered at a "gig" by Welk reedman, Russ Klein, who suggested he audition for his boss, Lawrence Welk. Turner sang the Broadway ballad, "My Cup Runneth Over", with a classical arrangement he had worked out on his guitar while still in college. Turner became the show's featured country/pop singer for its final three years on syndicated television. Episodes in which he appeared are sometimes seen in weekly reruns in most states on PBS. On the show, and on its concert tours, he also performed duets with Ava Barber and sang with The Aldridge Sisters and with Gail Farrell in addition to his solo numbers.

During the 1982 World's Fair, Turner starred in the Broadway pre-run of Drumwright, a project of two-time Tony Award winner, John Cullum. This original musical was booked for the next season at the Performing Arts Center. Instead of playing a "character" again, Turner returned to Los Angeles to sing, where he went on to headline in his own shows at Knott's Berry Farm, the former Opryland USA, plus long-term commitments on the General Jackson Showboat and at the Louise Mandrell Sunday Morning Show in the Grand Ole Opry.

He was next cast as "Jud" in Oklahoma in Nashville. He also completed several tours all across the United States, on cruise ships, and in symphonic concerts, plus more recently, his Christian country concerts.

Turner is also an ordained minister from the Church of Jesus of Nazareth, a non-denominational church in nearby Madison, Tennessee. He also obtained his doctorate in Contemporary Music from Oxford, England in 1993 upon submission of his body of work and thesis. His Master's work was accomplished at the Dick Grove School of Music in Hollywood, with a Major in Harmony.

He is married to the former Terri Lynn Fraser. When he first met her in 1980, she was an audio engineer at ABC. They live near Nashville. He permits his label, High Anchor Records, to be used by new talent.

Turner continues releasing songs to radio in five genres. His album, Sunday Best, was released in 2012. Turner's first radio song released on FrostByte Records received a Dove Award nomination for best singer.

title: Jim Turner (singer)


text:
Lipotriches krombeini

Lipotriches krombeini is a species of bee in the genus Lipotriches, of the family Halictidae.

title: Lipotriches krombeini


text:
Cookbook talk:Shrimp and Sea Bass Ceviche

This recipe was originaly posted in the Wikipedia article Ceviche. The page history at the time the text was copied is included below.

 * (cur) (last) . . 00:58, 29 Apr 2004 . . <IP_ADDRESS>
 * (cur) (last) . . 14:55, 28 Apr 2004 . . Hajor (+img)
 * (cur) (last) . . m 19:12, 12 Apr 2004 . . Wmahan (vegtable->vegetable)
 * (cur) (last) . . m 09:39, 26 Mar 2004 . . Hajor (dab Trujillo)
 * (cur) (last) . . 07:00, 13 Dec 2003 . . <IP_ADDRESS>
 * (cur) (last) . . 06:57, 13 Dec 2003 . . <IP_ADDRESS>
 * (cur) (last) . . m 12:58, 29 Jul 2003 . . Viajero (disambig Lima)
 * (cur) (last) . . 11:53, 5 Jul 2003 . . Viajero
 * (cur) (last) . . m 05:22, 5 Jul 2003 . . ( (relink lime)
 * (cur) (last) . . 10:33, 11 Aug 2002 . . Vicki Rosenzweig (layout; how large a piece of ginger, please?)
 * (cur) (last) . . 10:32, 11 Aug 2002 . . Vicki Rosenzweig (note that traditional ceviche uses raw fish)
 * (cur) (last) . . 09:58, 11 Aug 2002 . . <IP_ADDRESS> (Ceviche)


text:
onta

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) upcoming, future

Etymology
Attested since 1370, but its derivative is attested earlier, since circa 1300. Borrowed from, from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  shame
 * 2)  insult, affront
 * 1)  insult, affront
 * 1)  insult, affront

Etymology
, from, borrowed from , from.

Noun

 * 1) shame, disgrace
 * 2) insult, affront
 * 3)  damage, harm, nuisance
 * 1) insult, affront
 * 2)  damage, harm, nuisance
 * 1)  damage, harm, nuisance
 * 1)  damage, harm, nuisance
 * 1)  damage, harm, nuisance

Etymology
From unta.

Noun

 * 1) camel

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , from , perhaps from. Compare to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

 * 1) camel

title: onta


text:
User:Guptakhy/sandbox

A job attitude is a set of evaluations of one’s job that express one’s feelings toward, beliefs about, and attachment to one’s job. Job attitudes also equip a structure with global attitudes as a composite of lower-order, more specific attitudes. This system is used to evaluate one’s advancement opportunities by observing one’s job, one’s occupation, or one’s employer.

Defining job attitude
According to a study completed by Timothy A. Judge, and John D. Kanmeyer-Mueller, the long history of research on job attitudes suggests there is no commonly agreed upon definition. The given definition embraces both the cognitive and affective aspects of these certain assessments while also acknowledging that these cognitive and affective components do not necessarily need to be in correspondence with each other. Note that job attitude should not be confused with the definition of attitude. Attitude is defined as a psychological tendency that is expressed by evaluating a particular entity with some degree of favor or disfavor. Although the definition of job attitudes is rather simple, there exist traces and complexities that underlie it. In the definition above, the term “job” involves one’s current position, one’s work or one’s occupation, and one’s employer. However, one’s attitude towards his/her work does not necessarily have to be equal with one’s attitudes towards his/her employer, and often these two factors often diverge.

Global job attitude
Global job attitudes are attitudes which are developed towards a job through the organization, working environment, affective disposition, aggregate measures of job characteristics and the social environment. It entirely depends on the broad totality of work conditions. In fact, job attitudes are also closely associated with more global measures of life satisfaction. Scales such as "Faces" enable researchers to interpret overall satisfaction with work. The Job in General scale focuses on the cognitive perspective (rather than applied) of the effects of job attitudes. A variety of job attributes are associated with different levels of satisfaction within global job attitudes.

Other types of job attitudes

 * 1) Job Involvement:  Job Involvement is identifying with one's job and actively participating in it, and considering performance important to self worth.
 * 2) Organizational Commitment:  [Organizational commitment|Organizational Commitment]] is identifying with a particular organization and its goals, and wishing to maintain membership in the organization.
 * 3) Perceived Organizational Support (POS):  Perceived Organizational Support is the degree to which employees feel the organization cares about their well-being.
 * 4) Employee Engagement:  Employee Engagement is an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the organization.

Facets of job satisfaction
Job facet satisfaction refers to feelings about specific job aspects, such as salary, benefits, and the quality of relationships with one's co-workers.
 * Satisfaction with work: The emotional state of a worker while working is critical to its relationship with job attitudes. Even though a person identifies themselves as a person with a profession such as doctor, lawyer or engineer, it is their well being at work which is a significant aspect to the research of relationship with job attitude. Satisfaction with work can be analyzed by evaluation(I like or dislike my job), cognitively (my work is challenging) and behaviorally (I am reliable).
 * Supervision: Supervision is highly relative to manage productivity. However, supervision can only be taken positively if one increases acceptance of each other.  Therefore, it is important to ensure that positive attitude towards work is implemented.
 * Co-workers: If a workplace is stressful, one common dissatisfaction is with co-workers. A finding has used role theory to see its relationship with job stress and discovered that the source of job stress can be co-workers.
 * Pay and promotion: Under affective bases of commitment and organizational personality orientation, a positive reinforcement for work is known to be the compensation or a simple promotion. This is to show your importance in performance and loyalty towards job.

Emotional exhaustion and job attitude
Fernando Jaramillo, Jay Prakash Mulki, and James S. Boles compared interpersonal conflict and work overload with role stress, emotional exhaustion, job attitude, working smart, job performance, and turnover intentions. The study was conducted in South America within 500 Salespeople. The measurement of the variables interpersonal conflict and work overload with role stress, emotional exhaustion, job attitude, working smart, job performance, and turnover intentions were measured using Model standardized Factor Loadings, and Reliability Indices. A questionnaire was filled by participants and then the ratings were analyzed. This questionnaire was offered in both english and spanish.

A conclusion was made that through emotional exhaustion, interpersonal conflict affect job attitudes. Being in sales is stressful. A Facing cut-throat competition within the company can lead to a bitter relationship with colleagues. This leads to emotional exhaustion. The salesperson gets dissatisfied with their job and eventually affect his or her job attitude. Therefore, it is concluded that through emotional exhaustion, interpersonal conflicts will negatively affect the job attitude of the salesperson. It should also be noted that companies whose workers have positive attitudes are more effective than whose workers do not. There is evidence that companies whose workers have positive attitudes are far more effective than whose workers do not.

Personality and job attitude
A research done by Mark Smith and Jonathan Canger used the five factor model of personality to see if the personality of supervisors has an effect on the attitude of subordinate. The study proposes that job attitude of the subordinates such as job satisfaction and turnover intention will not influence the "satisfaction with the supervisor". However,the personality of the supervisor will have a stronger influence with the subordinate's "satisfaction with the supervisor". The study also proposes that personality traits, in particular agreeableness, extroversion and emotional stability of the supervisor is positively related to subordinate attitude.

It was concluded that the personality of the supervisor has a greater effect on subordinate satisfaction with supervision than the more general work-related attitudes. The results show evidence of various personalities of a supervisor related to the job attitudes of the employees.
 * 1)  Supervisor agreeableness: positively related with satisfaction of employees with the supervisor.
 * 2)  Extroversion: Negatively related to turnover intentions. So extroversion leads to lower turnover intentions.
 * 3)  Emotional Stability: Positively related with supervision satisfaction. Supervisors with greater emotional stability have happier employees.

Job attitude and cyber-loafing
A research was done to examine weather attitudes towards cyber loafing and other loafing behavior follows the actual behavior of cyber loafing. The researchers hypothesize that the employee job attitudes of job involvement and intrinsic involvement are related to cyber loaﬁng. That there will be
 * 1) a negative relationship between job involvement and cyber loafing.
 * 2) a negative relationship between intrinsic involvement and cyber loaﬁng.
 * 3) a positive relationship between the perceived cyberloaﬁng of one’s co-workers and cyber loaﬁng.
 * 4) a positive relationship between managerial support for internet usage and cyber loaﬁng.
 * 5) a positive relationship between one’s non-internet loaﬁng behaviors and cyber loaﬁng.
 * 6) a positive relationship between favorable attitudes towards cyberloaﬁng and cyber loaﬁng.

Employees who have lower job involvement and intrinsic involvement are more likely to involve in cyber loafing behavior. Therefore, manager must create an environment that supports workers and motivates them to make an important contribution. Management should try to increase the commitment of workers. The research also revealed that perception of cyber loafing and the managerial support for internet usage are related to cyber loafing. Often some groups within a company create a norm of social loafing through the internet. The influence of co-workers who are engaging themselves in cyber loafing leads others to engage in cyber loafing behavior. Non - internet loafing behavior and its relationship with cyber loafing had limitations. Chit-chat between two different co workers can be a sign of productivity or it can be a sign of wasting time. So it is difficult to conclude if non - internet social loafing has a relationship with cyber loafing.

Task performance
Data aggregation was done and through constant testing, results showed that it is the job attitude that influences performance and not the performance influencing attitude.

Withdrawal vs. counterproductivity
The effects of job attitudes and turnover was analyzed using sample of 297 males working to maintain railroad. The hypothesis of this study is that employee turnover would be influenced by many job attitude variables. The following was discovered: Identification with organization were directly related to turnover whereas group norm had an indirect relationship with turnover. The study strongly concluded that human relation variables and group norms are variables of job attitude that are directly related to turnover.

title: User:Guptakhy/sandbox


text:
User:Porton~enwikibooks

Victor Porton from Russia

 * Homepage

 * Wiki projects (not full list):
 * 21 Century Math Method - a new math method replacing axiomatic method with a new simple and powerful formal system and the assocciated methodology.
 * Binding properties (programming)

Please donate for me to have the possibility to work more on free projects such as WikiResearch, free software, and mathematics, rather than uselessly spend time on business.

title: User:Porton~enwikibooks