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User:Mallerie7

DTV was a series of music videos created by Walt Disney Productions in 1984 taking old hit songs of the past and putting them together with lots of footage of vintage Disney animation, created out of the trend of music videos on cable channel MTV, which inspired the name of this series. The videos were shown as filler material on the Disney Channel (as the network did not air commercials at this time), as well as being the focus of televisions specials. Home video collections were also released on the VHS, Beta, CED Videodisc, and Laserdisc formats. After the first run of DTV, in 1989 a second series was produced known as DTV².

DTV ceased airing in 1999.

DTV

 * The American Breed: Bend Me, Shape Me
 * The Ames Brothers: Rag Mop
 * The Andrews Sisters: Hold Tight (Want Some Seafood, Mama)
 * The Andrews Sisters: Straighten Up and Fly Right
 * The Andrews Sisters: Winter Wonderland
 * The Angels: My Boyfriend's Back
 * Anne Murray: Daydream Believer
 * Anne Murray: Hey Baby!
 * Anne Murray: Snowbird
 * Annette Funicello: Pineapple Princess
 * Annette Funicello: Tall Paul
 * Aretha Franklin: Think
 * Aretha Franklin: Respect
 * Bachman-Turner Overdrive: Taking Care of Business
 * Barrett Strong: Money (That's What I Want)
 * Bay City Rollers: I Only Want to Be With You
 * The Beach Boys: Dance, Dance, Dance
 * The Beach Boys: When I Grow Up (To Be a Man)
 * The Beach Boys: Catch a Wave
 * The Beach Boys: I Get Around
 * The Beach Boys: Be True to Your School
 * The Beach Boys: California Girls
 * The Beach Boys: Good Vibrations
 * The Beach Boys: The Man With All the Toys
 * The Beach Boys: Papa Oom Mow Mow
 * Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 5
 * Beethoven: Symphony No. 5
 * Betty Hutton: Doctor, Lawyer, Indian Chief
 * Big Joe Turner: Shake, Rattle & Roll
 * Bill Haley & His Comets: Rock Around the Clock
 * Bill Haley & His Comets: See You Later, Alligator
 * Billy Preston: Nothing from Nothing
 * Billy Preston: Will it Go Round in Circles?
 * Bizet: Habanera (from 'Carmen')
 * The Blasters: I'm Shakin'
 * The Blues Brothers: Flip, Flop and Fly
 * Bobby Darin: Beyond the Sea
 * Bobby Darin: Lazy River
 * Bobby Darin: Splish Splash
 * Bobby Darin: What'd I Say?
 * Bobby Day: Rockin' Robin
 * Bobby Freeman: Do You Wanna Dance
 * Bobby Helms: Jingle Bell Rock
 * Bobby Lewis: Tossin' and Turnin'
 * Bobby Vee: Devil or Angel
 * The Box Tops: The Letter
 * Brahms: Hungarian Dance No. 5
 * Brenda Lee: Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree
 * Burl Ives: Lavender Blue (Dilly, Dilly)
 * Burning Sensations: Belly of the Whale
 * The Bus Boys: American Worker
 * The Cadets: Stranded in the Jungle
 * The Cars: Shake It Up
 * The Chords: Sh-Boom (Life Could Be a Dream)
 * Chris Kenner: I Like It Like That, Pt. 1
 * Chuck Berry: Johnny B. Goode
 * Chuck Berry: Rock & Roll Music
 * Clarence Carter: Too Weak to Fight
 * The Clovers: Love Potion #9
 * The Coasters: Charlie Brown
 * The Coasters: Down in Mexico
 * The Coasters: Poison Ivy
 * The Coasters: Yakety Yak
 * The Danleers: One Summer Night
 * Danny & the Juniors: At the Hop
 * David Bowie: Let's Dance
 * DeBarge: Rhythm Of The Night
 * Dee Clark: Raindrops
 * Dee Dee Sharp: Do the Bird
 * Dee Dee Sharp: Mashed Potato Time
 * The Diamonds: Little Darlin'
 * Dino, Desi & Billy: I'm a Fool
 * The Doobie Brothers: It Keeps You Runnin'
 * The Doobie Brothers: Listen to the Music
 * Doris Troy: Just One Look
 * The Dovells: You Can't Sit Down
 * The Drifters: Some Kind of Wonderful
 * The Drifters: On Broadway
 * The Drifters: Saturday Night at the Movies
 * The Drifters: Save the Last Dance for Me
 * The Drifters: There Goes My Baby
 * The Drifters: Up On The Roof
 * Duke Ellington: Take the 'A' Train
 * Duran Duran: Hungry Like the Wolf
 * Earth, Wind & Fire and The Emotions: Boogie Wonderland
 * The El Dorados: At My Front Door
 * Ella Mae Morse: Blacksmith Blues
 * Elton John: Crocodile Rock
 * Elvis Presley: Stuck on You
 * Elvis Presley: Hound Dog
 * Elvis Presley: All Shook Up
 * Elvis Presley: G.I. Blues
 * The Everly Brothers: Temptation
 * Faron Young: Country Girl
 * Fats Domino: Blueberry Hill
 * Fats Domino: I'm Walking
 * The Five Americans: Western Union
 * The Four Tops: Reach Out - I'll Be There
 * The Four Tops: Ain't No Woman (Like The One I Got)
 * The Four Tops: I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)
 * Freddy Cannon: Palisades Park
 * Gene Chandler: Duke of Earl
 * Gene Chandler: You Threw A Lucky Punch
 * Gene Vincent: Be-Bop-A-Lula
 * Gladys Knight & the Pips: Friendship Train
 * Gladys Knight & the Pips: I Heard It Through the Grapevine
 * Glen Campbell: Country Boy (You've Got Your Feet in L.A.)
 * Glen Campbell: Southern Nights
 * Grand Funk Railroad: The Loco-Motion
 * Hall & Oates: Kiss on My List
 * Hall & Oates: Private Eyes
 * Huey Lewis and The News: The Heart of Rock & Roll
 * Jackie Wilson: Lonely Teardrops
 * Jackie Wilson: (Your Love Keeps Lifting Me) Higher and Higher
 * The Jackson 5: Dancing Machine
 * James & Bobby Purify: I'm Your Puppet
 * James & Bobby Purify: Shake a Tail Feather
 * Jan and Dean: Surf City
 * Jerry Lee Lewis: Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On
 * Jimmy Cliff: Wonderful World, Beautiful People
 * Jimmy Cliff: You Can Get It If You Really Want
 * Jimmy Hughes: Neighbor (Tend to Your Business)
 * Jo Stafford and Johnny Mercer & The Pied Pipers: Candy
 * Joanie Sommers: Johnny Get Angry
 * Joey Dee: Peppermint Twist
 * Joey Dee: Shout
 * Johnny Burnette: Dreamin'
 * Johnny Otis Show: Willie and the Hand Jive
 * Johnny Tillotson: Poetry in Motion
 * Juice Newton: Love's Been a Little Bit Hard on Me
 * Juice Newton: Angel of the Morning
 * Juice Newton: Queen Of Hearts
 * Juice Newton: Shot Full of Love
 * Kay Starr: Side By Side
 * Kenny Loggins: Footloose
 * Kool & the Gang: Celebration
 * Korsakov: The Flight of the Bumblebee
 * LaVern Baker: Jim Dandy
 * Leapy Lee: Little Arrows
 * Lena Horne: Stormy Weather
 * Leo Sayer: Long Tall Glasses
 * Leo Sayer: You Make Me Feel Like Dancing
 * Little Richard: Tutti Frutti
 * Little Richard: Long Tall Sally
 * Lloyd Price: (You've Got) Personality
 * Louis Armstrong: High Society
 * Louis Armstrong: On the Sunny Side of the Street
 * Louis Prima and Keely Smith: That Old Black Magic
 * The Mamas & the Papas: California Dreamin'
 * The Mamas & the Papas: Go Where You Wanna Go
 * The Mamas & the Papas: I Saw Her Again Last Night
 * The Mamas & the Papas: Dedicated to the One I Love
 * The Marcels: Blue Moon
 * Martha and the Vandellas: Dancing in the Street
 * The Marvellettes: Don't Mess with Bill
 * The Marvellettes: Too Many Fish in the Sea
 * The Marvelettes: The Hunter Gets Captured by the Game
 * Marvin Gaye: Can I Get a Witness
 * Marvin Gaye: Pride and Joy
 * Marvin Gaye & Kim Weston: It Takes Two
 * Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell: Ain't No Mountain High Enough
 * Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell: If I Could Build My Whole World Around You
 * Mary Wells: Two Lovers
 * Maxine Nightingale: Right Back to Where We Started From
 * Michael Jackson: Beat It
 * Michael Sembello: Automatic Man
 * The Mills Brothers: Glow Worm
 * The Monotones: Book of Love
 * Otis Redding: Try a Little Tenderness
 * Otis Redding with Carla Thomas: Tramp
 * Pablo Cruise: What You Gonna Do (When She Says Goodbye)
 * Patti Page: How Much Is That Doggie in the Window?
 * Peggy Lee: All Right, OK, You Win
 * The Pointer Sisters: Neutron Dance
 * Rare Earth: I Just Want to Celebrate
 * The Rascals: Groovin'
 * Ray Charles: Hit The Road, Jack
 * The Rays: Silhouettes
 * The Reflections: (Just Like) Romeo and Juliet
 * Richard Thompson: Two Left Feet
 * Ringo Starr: Oh My My
 * Roger Miller: King Of The Road
 * The Ronettes: Sleigh Ride
 * Ronny & The Daytonas: G.T.O.
 * Rosco Gordon: Just a Little Bit
 * Rose Royce: Car Wash
 * The Routers: Let's Go
 * Rufus Thomas: Walking the Dog
 * Ruth Brown: This Little Girl's Gone Rockin'
 * Sandy Nelson: Teen Beat
 * Shades of Blue: Oh How Happy
 * Sheb Wooley: The Purple People Eater
 * The Shirelles: Mama Said
 * Shostakovich: Waltz No. 2
 * The Silhouettes: Get A Job
 * Sister Sledge: We Are Family
 * The Skyliners: Pennies From Heaven
 * Smokey Robinson and the Miracles: Mickey's Monkey
 * Smokey Robinson and the Miracles: You Really Got a Hold On Me
 * Smokey Robinson and the Miracles: Shop Around
 * The Spaniels: Automobiles
 * Spike Jones and His City Slickers: The Blue Danube
 * Spike Jones and His City Slickers: Holiday for Strings
 * Steve Miller Band: Abracadabra
 * Steve Winwood: While You See a Chance
 * Stevie Wonder: Uptight (Everything's Alright)
 * Stevie Wonder: I Was Made to Love Her
 * Stevie Wonder: Signed, Sealed, Delivered (I'm Yours)
 * Stevie Wonder: For Once in My Life
 * Stevie Wonder: My Cherie Amour
 * Stevie Wonder: Castles in the Sand
 * Stevie Wonder: Hey, Harmonica Man
 * Stevie Wonder: A Place in the Sun
 * Stevie Wonder: Fingertips, Part 1
 * Stevie Wonder: Travelin' Man
 * Strauss: Trisch Trasch Polka
 * The Supremes: You Keep Me Hangin' On
 * The Supremes: Stop! In the Name of Love
 * The Supremes: Baby Love
 * The Supremes: Nothing But Heartaches
 * The Supremes: Love Is Like an Itching in My Heart
 * Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture
 * Tchaikovsky: Piano Concerto No. 1
 * Tchaikovsky: Violin Concerto in D
 * The Temptations: Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)
 * The Temptations: Ain't Too Proud to Beg
 * The Temptations: It's Summer
 * The Temptations: My Girl
 * Tennessee Ernie Ford: Sixteen Tons
 * Tom Jones: It's Not Unusual
 * Tom Petty and The Heartbreakers: Don't Do Me Like That
 * Tommy Dorsey: The Music Goes Round and Round
 * Tommy Roe: Dizzy
 * The Turtles: Happy Together
 * The Turtles: You Showed Me
 * The Videos: Trickle, Trickle
 * Vivaldi: Storm
 * The Vogues: Magic Town
 * Wilson Pickett: Mustang Sally
 * Wilson Pickett: Funky Broadway
 * Wilson Pickett: Land of 1,000 Dances
 * Yes: Owner of a Lonely Heart

Home Videos
Many of the songs listed above were released on home video, in five separate volumes. The first three volumes "Pop & Rock", "Rock, Rhythm & Blues", and "Golden Oldies" were released in late 1984, as part of Walt Disney Home Video's "Wrapped and Ready to Give Promotion". Following that, two more videos, "Love Songs" and "Groovin' For a '60s Afternoon", were released during the summer of 1985.

DTV: Pop & Rock

 * Martha and the Vandellas: Dancing in the Street
 * Little Richard: Tutti Frutti
 * Tommy Roe: Dizzy
 * The Diamonds: Little Darlin'
 * Stevie Wonder: Uptight (Everything's Alright)
 * The Supremes: You Keep Me Hangin' On
 * Elvis Presley: Stuck on You
 * Stevie Wonder: I Was Made to Love Her
 * Danny & the Juniors: At the Hop
 * Sheb Wooley: The Purple People Eater
 * Johnny Burnette: Dreamin'
 * Little Richard: Long Tall Sally
 * Jan and Dean: Surf City
 * Elvis Presley: Hound Dog
 * The Four Tops: Reach Out - I'll Be There
 * The Dovells: You Can't Sit Down
 * The Beach Boys: Dance, Dance, Dance

DTV: Rock, Rhythm & Blues

 * Hall & Oates: Kiss on My List
 * Jimmy Cliff: Wonderful World, Beautiful People
 * Richard Thompson: Two Left Feet
 * The Jackson 5: Dancing Machine
 * Gladys Knight & the Pips: Friendship Train
 * The Doobie Brothers: It Keeps You Runnin'
 * The Supremes: Stop! In the Name of Love
 * Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell: Ain't No Mountain High Enough
 * Stevie Wonder: Signed, Sealed, Delivered (I'm Yours)
 * Jimmy Cliff: You Can Get It If You Really Want
 * Gladys Knight & the Pips: I Heard It Through the Grapevine
 * Hall & Oates: Private Eyes
 * Burning Sensations: Belly of the Whale
 * The Blues Brothers: Flip, Flop & Fly (PAL VHS and Japanese Laserdisc Only)
 * The Coasters: Charlie Brown (PAL VHS and Japanese Laserdisc Only)

DTV: Golden Oldies

 * The Supremes: Baby Love
 * Spike Jones and His City Slickers: The Blue Danube
 * Louis Prima and Keely Smith: That Old Black Magic
 * Tennessee Ernie Ford: Sixteen Tons
 * Barrett Strong: Money (That's What I Want)
 * Burl Ives: Lavender Blue (Dilly, Dilly)
 * Marvin Gaye: Can I Get a Witness
 * Annette Funicello: Pineapple Princess
 * Smokey Robinson and the Miracles: Mickey's Monkey
 * The Cadets: Stranded in the Jungle
 * Stevie Wonder: For Once in My Life
 * Annette Funicello: Tall Paul
 * Lena Horne: Stormy Weather
 * Smokey Robinson and the Miracles: You Really Got a Hold On Me
 * Spike Jones and His City Slickers: Holiday for Strings
 * The Beach Boys: When I Grow Up (To Be a Man)
 * Bobby Darin: Lazy River (PAL VHS and Japanese Laserdisc Only)

DTV: Love Songs

 * Juice Newton: Love's Been a Little Bit Hard on Me
 * The Temptations: Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)
 * Elvis Presley: All Shook Up
 * The Marvellettes: Don't Mess with Bill
 * Stevie Wonder: My Cherie Amour
 * Gene Chandler: Duke of Earl
 * The Drifters: Some Kind of Wonderful
 * Mary Wells: Two Lovers
 * The Marvellettes: Too Many Fish in the Sea
 * Dee Clark: Raindrops
 * The Temptations: Ain't Too Proud to Beg
 * Otis Redding: Try a Little Tenderness
 * Yes: Owner of a Lonely Heart
 * Sister Sledge: We Are Family

DTV: Groovin' for a 60's Afternoon

 * The Mamas & the Papas: California Dreamin'
 * Joey Dee: Peppermint Twist
 * The Beach Boys: Catch a Wave
 * The Shirelles: Mama Said
 * The Mamas & the Papas: Go Where You Wanna Go
 * Wilson Pickett: Mustang Sally
 * The Beach Boys: I Get Around
 * Stevie Wonder: Castles in the Sand
 * The Mamas & the Papas: I Saw Her Again Last Night
 * Aretha Franklin: Think
 * The Supremes: Nothing But Heartaches
 * The Beach Boys: Be True to Your School
 * Wilson Pickett: Funky Broadway
 * The Mamas & the Papas: Dedicated to the One I Love
 * Marvin Gaye & Kim Weston: It Takes Two
 * Stevie Wonder: Hey, Harmonica Man
 * The Beach Boys: California Girls

Television Specials
Disney had aired three DTV television specials on NBC in 1986 and 1987: DTV Valentine, DTV Doggone Valentine, and DTV Monster Hits. All three specials had its own theme of music: DTV Valentine focused on love and romance music; DTV Doggone Valentine focused on love songs with a tribute to Disney's dog and cat characters; DTV Monster Hits was focused on Halloween themed music and footage; and DTV Christmas focused on Holiday, Season's Greeting's and Christmas Special music.

DTV Valentine

 * Betty Everett: The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in His Kiss)
 * Stevie Wonder: I Just Called to Say I Love You
 * Madonna: Dress You Up
 * The Stray Cats: Rock This Town
 * Lionel Richie: Hello
 * Desirée Goyette: Hey, Mickey
 * Elton John & Kiki Dee: Don't Go Breaking My Heart
 * From "Lady and the Tramp": Bella Notte
 * Elvis Presley: Teddy Bear
 * The Eurythmics: There Must Be an Angel (Playing with My Heart)
 * From "Sleeping Beauty": Once Upon a Dream
 * Huey Lewis and the News: The Heart of Rock & Roll
 * The Contours: Do You Love Me
 * From "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs": Someday My Prince Will Come
 * Whitney Houston: You Give Good Love

DTV Doggone Valentine

 * Wham!: Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go
 * John Travolta & Olivia Newton-John: You're the One That I Want
 * The Flamingos: I Only Have Eyes for You
 * Huey Lewis and the News: Workin' for a Livin'
 * The Bee Gees: Stayin' Alive
 * Kenny Rogers: Lady
 * "Weird Al" Yankovic: Eat It
 * George Thorogood & The Destroyers: Bad to the Bone
 * Paul Anka: Puppy Love
 * From "Lady and the Tramp": The Siamese Cat Song
 * The Soul Survivors: Expressway to Your Heart
 * The Stray Cats: Stray Cat Strut
 * Deniece Williams: Let's Hear It for the Boy
 * Maurice Williams & The Zodiacs: Stay

DTV Monster Hits

 * Michael Jackson: Thriller
 * Ray Parker, Jr.: Ghostbusters
 * Creedence Clearwater Revival: Bad Moon Rising
 * Bobby "Boris" Pickett featuring The Crypt-Kickers: Monster Mash
 * Rockwell: Somebody's Watching Me
 * Electric Light Orchestra: Evil Woman
 * Stevie Wonder: Superstition
 * Pat Benatar: You Better Run
 * Spike Jones & His City Slickers: That Old Black Magic
 * Daryl Hall: Dreamtime
 * From: "The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh": Heffalumps & Woozles
 * The Eurythmics: Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)

DTV²

 * Alicia Bridges: I Love the Night Life (Disco Round)
 * The Beach Boys: Fun, Fun, Fun
 * The Beach Boys: Little Deuce Coupe
 * Billy Joel: Modern Woman
 * Bobby Helms: My Special Angel
 * Buddy Holly and the Crickets: Oh, Boy!
 * Cyndi Lauper: All Through the Night
 * Earth, Wind & Fire: Fantasy
 * Elton John: High Flying Bird
 * Ernie Maresca: Shout! Shout! Knock Yourself Out
 * Frankie Ford: Sea Cruise
 * George Strait: Am I Blue?
 * Huey Lewis and the News: Buzz, Buzz, Buzz
 * Huey Lewis and the News: It's Hip to Be a Square
 * Huey Lewis and the News: The Power of Love
 * The Jackson 5: ABC
 * Jan and Dean: A Sunday Kind of Love
 * Jan and Dean: Heart and Soul
 * Jimmie Rodgers: Kisses Sweeter Than Wine
 * Johnny Rivers: Secret Agent Man
 * The Jordanaires: Pinocchio's Boogie
 * Kenny Loggins: Danger Zone
 * Len Barry: 1-2-3
 * Leon Redbone: Nobody Cares If I'm Blue
 * Little Richard: Gawrsh Golly Goofy
 * Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five: Ain't Nobody Here But Us Chickens
 * Mary Wells: My Guy
 * Michael Jackson: Billie Jean
 * Ritchie Valens: Come On, Let's Go
 * Stevie Wonder: Blowin' In The Wind
 * The Supremes: I Hear a Symphony
 * Whitney Houston: I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)

title: User:Mallerie7


text:
abradable

Adjective

 * 1) That may be abraded
 * The part had an abradable coating the removal of which signified that replacement was necessary.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: abradable


text:
Okanagan Lake Bridge

The Okanagan Lake Bridge (also known as the Kelowna Floating Bridge) was a three-lane, 650 m long floating bridge in British Columbia, Canada. It crossed Okanagan Lake, connecting the Westside area to Kelowna on the lake's eastern side. Taller boats such as sailboats were able to pass under the lift span which was located at the east end of the bridge.

History
Completed in 1958 and officially opened by Princess Margaret, the bridge was the first of its kind in Canada. The bridge was partially funded through tolls, which were collected from its opening until April 1, 1963. Originally the bridge only had 2 lanes, (1 in each direction), but in 1984 the bridge deck was reconfigured and a third lane was added. This new lane became a counter-flow lane, and would allow the lanes to adjust to traffic demand at different times of the day. In 1991 the bridge underwent major electrical repairs and a breakwater was removed.

The bridge served as an important regional transportation link in the Okanagan Valley, joining the southward section of Highway 97 on the west side of the lake to the northward section on the east side, and connecting West Kelowna and other southern points to Lake Country and other northern points.

Replacement
The floating bridge was replaced as it outlived its usefulness and was incapable of supporting the traffic levels. The construction of the new replacement bridge—the William R. Bennett Bridge—began in 2005 and was completed in 2008. The new bridge opened on May 25, 2008, and the old bridge closed May 31, 2008. It was decommissioned in 2009.

A concrete anchor from the original bridge was raised to surface and set at the corner of Highway 97 and Ellis Street in Downtown Kelowna.

title: Okanagan Lake Bridge


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Algorithms/Dynamic Programming

Dynamic programming can be thought of as an optimization technique for particular classes of backtracking algorithms where subproblems are repeatedly solved. Note that the term dynamic in dynamic programming should not be confused with dynamic programming languages, like Scheme or Lisp. Nor should the term programming be confused with the act of writing computer programs. In the context of algorithms, dynamic programming always refers to the technique of filling in a table with values computed from other table values. (It's dynamic because the values in the table are filled in by the algorithm based on other values of the table, and it's programming in the sense of setting things in a table, like how television programming is concerned with when to broadcast what shows.)

Fibonacci Numbers
Before presenting the dynamic programming technique, it will be useful to first show a related technique, called memoization, on a toy example: The Fibonacci numbers. What we want is a routine to compute the nth Fibonacci number:

// fib -- compute Fibonacci(n) function fib(integer n): integer

By definition, the nth Fibonacci number, denoted $$\textrm{F}_n$$ is

 * $$\textrm{F}_0 = 0$$
 * $$\textrm{F}_1 = 1$$
 * $$\textrm{F}_n = \textrm{F}_{n-1} + \textrm{F}_{n-2}$$

How would one create a good algorithm for finding the nth Fibonacci-number? Let's begin with the naive algorithm, which codes the mathematical definition:

// fib -- compute Fibonacci(n) function fib(integer n): integer assert (n >= 0) if n == 0: return 0 fi  if n == 1: return 1 fi   return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2) end

Note that this is a toy example because there is already a mathematically closed form for $$\textrm{F}_n$$:
 * $$F(n) = {\phi^n - (1 -\phi)^{n} \over \sqrt{5}}$$

where:

 * $$\phi = {1 + \sqrt{5} \over 2}$$

This latter equation is known as the Golden Ratio. Thus, a program could efficiently calculate $$\textrm{F}_n$$ for even very large n. However, it's instructive to understand what's so inefficient about the current algorithm.

To analyze the running time of  we should look at a call tree for something even as small as the sixth Fibonacci number:

Every leaf of the call tree has the value 0 or 1, and the sum of these values is the final result. So, for any n, the number of leaves in the call tree is actually $$\textrm{F}_n$$ itself! The closed form thus tells us that the number of leaves in  is approximately equal to

 * $$\left(\frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}\right)^n\approx 1.618^n = 2^{\lg (1.618^n)} = 2^{n \lg (1.618)} \approx 2^{0.69 n}.$$

(Note the algebraic manipulation used above to make the base of the exponent the number 2.) This means that there are far too many leaves, particularly considering the repeated patterns found in the call tree above.

One optimization we can make is to save a result in a table once it's already been computed, so that the same result needs to be computed only once. The optimization process is called memoization and conforms to the following methodology:

Consider the solution presented in the backtracking chapter for the Longest Common Subsequence problem. In the execution of that algorithm, many common subproblems were computed repeatedly. As an optimization, we can compute these subproblems once and then store the result to read back later. A recursive memoization algorithm can be turned "bottom-up" into an iterative algorithm that fills in a table of solutions to subproblems. Some of the subproblems solved might not be needed by the end result (and that is where dynamic programming differs from memoization), but dynamic programming can be very efficient because the iterative version can better use the cache and have less call overhead. Asymptotically, dynamic programming and memoization have the same complexity.

So how would a fibonacci program using memoization work? Consider the following program (f[n] contains the nth Fibonacci-number if has been calculated, -1 otherwise):

function fib(integer n): integer if n == 0 or n == 1: return n else-if f[n] != -1: return f[n] else f[n] = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2) return f[n] fi end

The code should be pretty obvious. If the value of fib(n) already has been calculated it's stored in f[n] and then returned instead of calculating it again. That means all the copies of the sub-call trees are removed from the calculation.

The values in the blue boxes are values that already have been calculated and the calls can thus be skipped. It is thus a lot faster than the straight-forward recursive algorithm. Since every value less than n is calculated once, and only once, the first time you execute it, the asymptotic running time is $$O (n)$$. Any other calls to it will take $$O (1)$$ since the values have been precalculated (assuming each subsequent call's argument is less than n).

The algorithm does consume a lot of memory. When we calculate fib(n), the values fib(0) to fib(n) are stored in main memory. Can this be improved? Yes it can, although the $$O(1)$$ running time of subsequent calls are obviously lost since the values aren't stored. Since the value of fib(n) only depends on fib(n-1) and fib(n-2) we can discard the other values by going bottom-up. If we want to calculate fib(n), we first calculate fib(2) = fib(0) + fib(1). Then we can calculate fib(3) by adding fib(1) and fib(2). After that, fib(0) and fib(1) can be discarded, since we don't need them to calculate any more values. From fib(2) and fib(3) we calculate fib(4) and discard fib(2), then we calculate fib(5) and discard fib(3), etc. etc. The code goes something like this:

function fib(integer n): integer if n == 0 or n == 1: return n fi  let u := 0 let v := 1 for i := 2 to n: let t := u + v u := v v := t repeat return v end

We can modify the code to store the values in an array for subsequent calls, but the point is that we don't have to. This method is typical for dynamic programming. First we identify what subproblems need to be solved in order to solve the entire problem, and then we calculate the values bottom-up using an iterative process.

Longest Common Subsequence (DP version)
The problem of Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) involves comparing two given sequences of characters, to find the longest subsequence common to both the sequences.

Note that 'subsequence' is not 'substring' - the characters appearing in the subsequence need not be consecutive in either of the sequences; however, the individual characters do need to be in same order as appearing in both sequences.

Given two sequences, namely,
 * X = {x1, x2, x3, ..., xm} and Y = {y1, y2, y3, ..., yn}

we defineː
 * Z = {z1, z2, z3, ..., zk}

as a subsequence of X, if all the characters z1, z2, z3, ..., zk, appear in X, and they appear in a strictly increasing sequence; i.e. z1 appears in X before z2, which in turn appears before z3, and so on. Once again, it is not necessary for all the characters z1, z2, z3, ..., zk to be consecutive; they must only appear in the same order in X as they are in Z. And thus, we can define Z = {z1, z2, z3, ..., zk} as a common subseqeunce of X and Y, if Z appears as a subsequence in both X and Y.

The backtracking solution of LCS involves enumerating all possible subsequences of X, and check each subsequence to see whether it is also a subsequence of Y, keeping track of the longest subsequence we find [see Longest Common Subsequence (exhaustive version)]. Since X has m characters in it, this leads to 2m possible combinations. This approach, thus, takes exponential time and is impractical for long sequences.

Matrix Chain Multiplication
Suppose that you need to multiply a series of $$n$$ matrices $$M_1,\ldots, M_n$$ together to form a product matrix $$P$$:

 * $$P = M_1\cdot M_2 \cdots M_{n-1}\cdot M_n$$

This will require $$n-1$$ multiplications, but what is the fastest way we can form this product? Matrix multiplication is associative, that is,
 * $$(A\cdot B)\cdot C = A\cdot (B\cdot C)$$

for any $$A, B, C$$, and so we have some choice in what multiplication we perform first. (Note that matrix multiplication is not commutative, that is, it does not hold in general that $$A\cdot B = B\cdot A$$.)

Because you can only multiply two matrices at a time the product $$M_1\cdot M_2\cdot M_3\cdot M_4$$ can be paranthesized in these ways:

 * $$((M_1 M_2) M_3) M_4$$
 * $$(M_1 (M_2 M_3)) M_4$$
 * $$M_1 ((M_2 M_3) M_4)$$
 * $$(M_1 M_2) (M_3 M_4)$$
 * $$M_1 (M_2 (M_3 M_4))$$

Two matrices $$M_1$$ and $$M_2$$ can be multiplied if the number of columns in $$M_1$$ equals the number of rows in $$M_2$$. The number of rows in their product will equal the number rows in $$M_1$$ and the number of columns will equal the number of columns in $$M_2$$. That is, if the dimensions of $$M_1$$ is $$a \times b$$ and $$M_2$$ has dimensions $$b \times c$$ their product will have dimensions $$a \times c$$.

To multiply two matrices with each other we use a function called matrix-multiply that takes two matrices and returns their product. We will leave implementation of this function alone for the moment as it is not the focus of this chapter (how to multiply two matrices in the fastest way has been under intensive study for several years [TODO: propose this topic for the Advanced book]). The time this function takes to multiply two matrices of size $$a \times b$$ and $$b \times c$$ is proportional to the number of scalar multiplications, which is proportional to $$a b c$$. Thus, paranthezation matters: Say that we have three matrices $$M_1$$, $$M_2$$ and $$M_3$$. $$M_1$$ has dimensions $$5 \times 100$$, $$M_2$$ has dimensions $$100 \times 100$$ and $$M_3$$ has dimensions $$100 \times 50$$. Let's paranthezise them in the two possible ways and see which way requires the least amount of multiplications. The two ways are

 * $$((M_1 M_2) M_3)$$, and
 * $$(M_1 (M_2 M_3))$$.

To form the product in the first way requires 75000 scalar multiplications (5*100*100=50000 to form product $$(M_1 M_2)$$ and another 5*100*50=25000 for the last multiplications.) This might seem like a lot, but in comparison to the 525000 scalar multiplications required by the second parenthesization (50*100*100=500000 plus 5*50*100=25000) it is miniscule! You can see why determining the parenthesization is important: imagine what would happen if we needed to multiply 50 matrices!

Forming a Recursive Solution
Note that we concentrate on finding a how many scalar multiplications are needed instead of the actual order. This is because once we have found a working algorithm to find the amount it is trivial to create an algorithm for the actual parenthesization. It will, however, be discussed in the end.

So how would an algorithm for the optimum parenthesization look? By the chapter title you might expect that a dynamic programming method is in order (not to give the answer away or anything). So how would a dynamic programming method work? Because dynamic programming algorithms are based on optimal substructure, what would the optimal substructure in this problem be?

Suppose that the optimal way to parenthesize
 * $$M_1 M_2 \dots M_n$$

splits the product at $$k$$:
 * $$(M_1 M_2 \dots M_k)(M_{k+1} M_{k+2} \dots M_n)$$.

Then the optimal solution contains the optimal solutions to the two subproblems
 * $$(M_1 \dots M_k)$$
 * $$(M_{k+1} \dots M_n)$$

That is, just in accordance with the fundamental principle of dynamic programming, the solution to the problem depends on the solution of smaller sub-problems.

Let's say that it takes $$c(n)$$ scalar multiplications to multiply matrices $$M_n$$ and $$M_{n+1}$$, and $$f(m,n)$$ is the number of scalar multiplications to be performed in an optimal parenthesization of the matrices $$M_m \dots M_n$$. The definition of $$f(m,n)$$ is the first step toward a solution.

When $$n-m=1$$, the formulation is trivial; it is just $$c(m)$$. But what is it when the distance is larger? Using the observation above, we can derive a formulation. Suppose an optimal solution to the problem divides the matrices at matrices k and k+1 (i.e. $$(M_m \dots M_k)(M_{k+1} \dots M_n)$$) then the number of scalar multiplications are.

 * $$f(m,k) + f(k+1,n) + c(k)$$

That is, the amount of time to form the first product, the amount of time it takes to form the second product, and the amount of time it takes to multiply them together. But what is this optimal value k? The answer is, of course, the value that makes the above formula assume its minimum value. We can thus form the complete definition for the function:

 * $$f(m,n) = \begin{cases} \min_{m \le k < n}f(m,k) + f(k+1,n) + c(k) & \mbox{if } n-m>1 \\ 0 & \mbox{if } n=m\end{cases}$$

A straight-forward recursive solution to this would look something like this (the language is Wikicode):

function f(m, n) { if m == n return 0 let minCost := $$\infty$$ for k := m to n - 1 { v := f(m, k) + f(k + 1, n) + c(k) if v < minCost minCost := v }    return minCost }

This rather simple solution is, unfortunately, not a very good one. It spends mountains of time recomputing data and its running time is exponential.

Using the same adaptation as above we get:

function f(m, n) { if m == n return 0 else-if f[m,n] != -1: return f[m,n] fi    let minCost := $$\infty$$ for k := m to n - 1 { v := f(m, k) + f(k + 1, n) + c(k) if v < minCost minCost := v }    f[m,n]=minCost return minCost }

Parsing Any Context-Free Grammar
Note that special types of context-free grammars can be parsed much more efficiently than this technique, but in terms of generality, the DP method is the only way to go.

title: Algorithms/Dynamic Programming


text:
Vigneux (disambiguation)

Vigneux is the name or part of the name of three communes of France:
 * Vigneux-de-Bretagne in the Loire-Atlantique département
 * Vigneux-Hocquet in the Aisne département
 * Vigneux-sur-Seine in the Essonne département

title: Vigneux (disambiguation)


text:
Portuguese Language/Introduction

Welcome to your first Portuguese lesson.

Basic phrases and words part 1
1 - Common in Brazilian Portuguese. Formal use in European Portuguese.

2 - Very informal. Use it only with people you are very familiar with. The Portuguese are formal and will judge you accordingly, but are usually happier when communicating.

3 - "Tchau" is too informal. "Adeus" means goodbye, but in a more definitive, final fashion, when you don't expect to see each other until the next day, for a long time, or even still alive; keep it for those occasions. Use the less final "até já" (see you right away), "até logo" (see you later [today]), "até à próxima" (until a next time) or the formal "foi um prazer" (it was a pleasure [being with you]).

4 - Unusual phrase construction, use the next formulation below.

5 - Only in some Brazilian regions (i.e. gaúchos from South).

HolyZarkon 22:11, 30 April 2007 (UTC)

Basic phrases and words part 2
• - In Portuguese, you should say "Boa noite! when you are complimenting or leaving a place for example. It is only important to keep in mind that you have got to use "Boa noite" only at evening or night.

1 - This form is used specifically in oral speech. The appropriate written form is: "Onde há um banco?"

The sounds with European Portuguese accent. HolyZarkon 22:09, 30 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Portuguese Language/Introduction


text:
Proserpin (Kraus)

Proserpin is a Swedish-language opera by Joseph Martin Kraus to a libretto by the poet Johan Henrik Kellgren following a plot drafted by Gustav III himself from Philippe Quinault's Proserpine. The opera was premiered at Ulriksdal Palace on 6 June 1781 for one performance. The opera was revived at the Drottningholm Theatre in 1980 under Arnold Östman. The opera was performed with a new German libretto at the Schwetzingen Festival in 2006.

Kraus wrote to his parents on 20 June 1780 that he had received from the King's secretary a text by "the best poet in Sweden"; by 14 September he wrote again that he had almost finished the score. By the following March Kraus was able to report that his opera was in rehearsal, although there were subsequent delays before the June premiere.

Synopsis
The opera is set in Sicily. There, young mortal Atis has fallen in love with the goddess Proserpin (Proserpina), daughter of Jupiter and the fertility goddess Ceres, and for her finally abandons his fiancée Cyane. Pluto, god of the underworld, hears her fury, is also in love with Proserpin and abducts her to his realm after locating her with the help of Cyane. In Sicily, everyone is searching in vain for Proserpin. Ceres appears in a deep sorrow when she discovers what has happened, and fails to start the summer. Atis's grief at her loss is such that he jumps into Mount Etna to end his life. Cyane follows him to the underworld hoping for a concession from Pluto, who had promised her a reunion with Atis for her betrayal. She is able to emerge from the underworld with Atis and inform Ceres about her daughter's new home there. As Ceres neglects her tasks on earth because of her grief and the harvests get worse, Jupiter has a plan. He allows his messenger Mercury to announce that Proserpin will in future live alternately with him and with her mother on earth. In the closing scene, he descends from heaven to personally bless the marriage between Pluto and Proserpin and ensures a general reconciliation.

Recording

 * Stephen Smith (tenor), Anna Eklund-Tarantino (soprano), Jan Stromberg (tenor), Hillevi Martinpelto (soprano), Johan Christensson (tenor), Lars Arvidson (bass), Susanne Ryden (soprano), Peter Mattei (baritone) Stockholm Chamber Choir, Stockholm Chamber Orchestra, conductor Mark Tatlow. Musica Sveciae 2CD

title: Proserpin (Kraus)


text:
Pir Komaj

Pir Komaj (, also Romanized as Pīr Komāj) is a village in Mazul Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 558, in 141 families.

title: Pir Komaj


text:
GENtle/Ligation

The ligation dialog is a means for virtually ligating two (or more) DNA fragments. It can be invoked via Tools/Ligation or Ctrl-L.

The left list shows all potential DNA sequences to be ligated. Some of these are automatically selected, but selection can be manually changed. The right list shows the possible products of a ligation of the selected sequences. Some circular products will be shown in two forms (A-B and B-A), which only differ visually.

The selected products will be generated as new sequences on clicking the Ligate button.

title: GENtle/Ligation


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ancient Old Jade

The result was   snow delete. BencherliteTalk 22:24, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Ancient Old Jade

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

I believe this article may be a hoax or meant as a product placement. I did a search for the term and found nothing in Google News, Books, or Scholar about it. Furthermore, a Google Web search only found duplicates of the Wikipedia article or Ebay listings for Ancient Old Jade products. Also, the article was created by User:Orionwebmuseum, which further makes me believe this is some sort of advertisement. Similar accounts, likely to be sockpuppets, have also edited the article, with names of User:Orionandhsu and User:OrionHsu. Nothing in the article seems verifiable as Ancient Old Jade being an actual term used for anything beyond just general descriptive words, often used to sell things. Silver seren C 07:01, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Ancient Old Jade is a jade terminology of jade category to be distinguished from Modern Jade. This jade terminology is well-known by jade dealers and collectors. It's impossible to be a hoax. In Chinese they say 高古玉 (spelling as: Gao Gu Yu) or just 古玉 (spelling as: Gu Yu) as Ancient Old Jade in English. --Orionandhsu (talk) 07:15, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * This is not true. 高 (Gao) doesn't mean ancient, it means "high", or "elevated", and 高古玉  (Gao Gu Yu) does not translate as "ancient old jade" in English. "Ancient old jade" does not exist as a specific term for jade, and is invented by the creator of the page. The terminology as described in the page is wrong in any case, 古玉 (Gu Yu) refers to old jade,  高古玉 (Gao Gu Yu) refers to very ancient jade, pre-Tang Dynasty at least, and more often pre-Qin Dynasty (221 to 207 BC, not Qing dynasty  (1644-1911 AD) as stated in the article). Hzh (talk) 09:41, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

quote

Ancient Old Jade is a jade terminology of jade category to be distinguished from Modern Jade. This jade terminology is well-known by jade dealers and collectors. In Chinese they say 高古玉 (spelling as: Gao Gu Yu) or just 古玉 (spelling as: Gu Yu) as Ancient Old Jade in English.

Basic Concepts of Authenticity Examinations against Fakes of Ancient Old Jades

(1) Scratch Test: Jades are firm enough to resist from Scratch Test by human finger nails.

(2) Semi-Translucence Test: Jades are semi-translucent under the light of portable flashlight.

(3) Sound Test: The sound of a jade knocked slightly on another jade is just like that from a musical instrument and very clear. It’s not such heavy as those sounds knocked by stones or plastic goods.

(4) Soakage Color Test: The soakage color formed in the earth for thousands of years are natural. People are used to put Ancient Old Jades in pure clear warm water for at least one day and one night to see if the soakage color is still remained the same as usual before to judge if it’s dyed manually. From long-term basis, the manually dyed Fakes will fade their false soakage colors into one another gradually.

(5) Age Test: The Ancient Old Jades must have the appearance and totems of Imperial Royal His Majesty Dignity of an Emperor or a King. This is quite different from the modern jade carved work of art designed just for an Art purpose only.

(6) Carvings of Holes Test: The holes of Ancient Old Jades were not straight penetrated from one side. They were penetrated from two sides and formed a curve path gap between two holes from each side.

(7) Carvings of Lines Test: The inclined feminine lines of Ancient Old Jades were not carved by machine tools that make lines straight forward with two sides of line wall straight upward vertically. They were carved one side of line wall straight upward vertically, while another side of line wall plane inclined by ancient bronze jade carving wheels.

(8) Totems test: The Ancient Old Jade must have Jade Carving Totems used in that dynasty to be presented to the Imperial Royal His Majesty Dignity of an Emperor or a King.

(9) Smooth Carvings Test: The Ancient Old Jades were carved by imperial skillful hand-made jade carving masters and must be carved simply, clearly and smoothly upon specially selected solid fine jades. This kind of carving is not existed in modern world by machine tools and art carving artists or sculptors.

(10) Weight (Density) Test: A true experienced jade collector or dealer can easily tell the difference between a Jade and other stones by just holding a Jade in hand to feel its heavy weight of high density.

(11) Surface Test: The surface of a jade is very smooth and quite different from other stones. A true experienced jade collector or dealer can easily tell the difference between a Jade and other stones by just touching the surface of a jade carved work of art gently with his fingers.

(12) Color Test: A true experienced jade collector or dealer can easily tell the difference between a Jade and other stones by just examining its natural beautiful color appeared in front of human eyes.

unquote The above contents have been added in the article of Ancient Old Jade to avoid unnecessary mistakes and misunderstandings of readers outside of jade world. -- Orionandhsu (talk) 09:21, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * This is largey irrelevant to whether the items in the page are authentic or not, since we cannot touch or feel the items, or check the sounds the object makes, or to see it through a strong light source. However there are plenty of pictures of ancient jade objects in the web, and none of the look like some of what's shown in the page, like these.  The color and and look of the stone is very different, moreover you don't see jade with red outlines as seen in the servant girl with lamp figure, that is clearly an attempt to fake the brownish tint you might see in some ancient pieces.  Further, the quality of the carvings in many of the items in the page is poor, real ancient items are better carved than those. Hzh (talk) 10:16, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete, the page is used for advertising for objects that may then be auctioned off by the editor and uploader of the images. For example the piece at this |auction site is the same piece is used to illustrate the article here (the last one in the section).  The objects are also likely to be fakes, for example the figure of a servant girl holding a lamp is a copy of a bronze figure discovered in a tomb - here, and the warrior figure is copied from figures of the Terracotta Army (such figures are never found to be made of jade in ancient China).  Hzh (talk) 09:24, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * If File:100 3846GreenBiJadeCarvedWarriorsSwordWarHorseQinDynastyChinaSealedPreservedHistoricTimeCapsuleWarriorArmorView.JPG was unearthed in the early 21st century as claimed, presumably not in Taiwan, getting it to Mr Hsu's shop would have violated export controls. A simpler theory is that it's a recent creation.  Kanguole 15:22, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

If 古玉 (Gu Yu) refers to old jade, and 高古玉(Gao Gu Yu) refers to very ancient jade, then very Ancient Old Jade should be used to name them all together in English. Please do not use ancient Words Crime Prison to sentence other's innocent words as guilty in modern world. Orionandhsu (talk) 10:27, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * "Gao Gu Yu" can be seen as a sub-category of "Gu Yu", and "Gao" is just there to emphasis the antiquity and specialness of the pieces. So either "old jade" or "ancient jade", but there is no "ancient old jade" category. To merge the two words together is largely nonsensical. Hzh (talk) 10:45, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete, the lack of hits on Google Scholar and Google Books pretty much dooms this one. If that were a legitimate term for a category of jade, one would expect someone to use it - except Orionandhsu, that is. Probably someone able to read Chinese would be necessary to confirm if the references support what they are cited for, but even if they do, much of the article remains unsourced and highly dubious. The images are duplicates of those on this website which claims that Orion Hsu himself is the artist. He also seems to have spammed the Russian and Ukrainian Wikipedias. Huon (talk) 11:25, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

It's really absurd to accuse a person who doesn't even know the Russian and Ukrainian languages of having spammed the Russian and Ukrainian Wikipedias. It seems Orion Hsu is a well-known public name for every one in this world to use this name as an artist everywhere in the web-sites, and even in Russia and Ukraine! Wow! This name is so famously registered in modern world. Orionandhsu (talk) 12:06, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * I found one of your images on those Wikipedias and had assumed you added it; that doesn't seem to be the case. Sorry, I should have checked more carefully. My other points still stand. Huon (talk) 14:43, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

It's just an article written on a subject of Ancient Old Jade and has nothing to do with Possible Fraud guessed by somebody. If someone has different opinions about the contents of this article, he should then join to edit the contents to improve this subject. It's really not good to delete the whole subject of Ancient Old Jade for interfering the readers' rights to understand this subject. -- Orionandhsu (talk) 14:20, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Improving the content would require a reliable secondary source mentioning the subject in the first place. If it were a legitimate topic, surely some textbook on ancient Chinese art would mention the term "ancient old jade" - that does not seem to be the case. Huon (talk) 14:43, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of China-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 14:52, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Visual arts-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 14:52, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete – apparently part of an extensive Internet advertising campaign for pieces on sale at the author's "web museum". Kanguole 15:22, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete No reliable sources; just an advertisement for a now-blocked advert-only account. OhNo itsJamie Talk 15:43, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete. The nominator appears to have made an ironclad case for this being an attempt at semi-hoaxish advertising instead of it being an actual encyclopedic article.  Nyttend (talk) 15:57, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom...Modernist (talk) 16:13, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete - Spamming/hoax page created by blocked User:Orionwebmuseum, who's been blocked for spamming. User:Orionandhsu appears to be a sock puppet of User:Orionwebmuseum. -Zanhe (talk) 18:11, 12 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/ibizavillas.com

Links

 * ibizavillas.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 1 additions.


text:
Bristol Dockers

The Bristol Dockers (formerly the Bristol Bears) is an Australian rules football club based in Bristol, England. The club has both men's and ladies' teams competing in the 9-a-side format.

The club currently plays home games at Aretians RFC fortress and trains there and at The Downs, Bristol.

History
The Bristol Bears were the first Australian Rules club in England's West Country, formed in 1991, in the British Australian Rules Football League. Their first match was against fellow newcomers the Sussex Swans at Shoreham-by-Sea, the Bears running out 119-point winners. The Bears often struggled against the London clubs, although occasional difficulties in travel for the Londoners (forfeiting the long road trip west) meant the Bears performed well on paper without actually taking the paddock.

The Bears changed their name for the 1997 season to the Dockers, continuing on in the BARFL premiership, then becoming part of the BARFL Regional series upon inception of this competition in 2003. They won the inaugural Regional premiership in this year, the first flag in their 13-year history.

With the creation of the Aussie Rules UK regional leagues in 2007, the Dockers elected to play in the BARFL's London Social League (now the Social Division of the AFL London).

In 2010 the Dockers again made it to the Semi Finals in AFL London Social league, coming undone in the last half of the game and conceding defeat.

In 2011, the Dockers moved to the 9-a-side format in the Welsh Australian Rules Football League (WARFL) which meant a change in home ground from the Aretians Rugby Football Club ground.

In 2018 the Bristol Dockers announced the formation of a ladies' team, a historic moment for the club.

At the conclusion of the 2021 WARFL season, long-time captain-coach Dan "Hoops" Hooper returned to Australia, ending an era dominated by long bombs and torps to goal.

Glory years: 2014–2017
The Bristol Dockers experienced an unprecedented level of success during the 2010s. During the 2014 season the Dockers went unbeaten, winning 11 consecutive games, including a home and away double against arch rivals Cardiff Panthers. The 2014 final is one of the greatest moments in dockers history. The final was played at Aretians RFC in Bristol and won by a single score by the dockers.

In 2017 Bristol Dockers were yet again crowned WARFL champions. With the Dockers finishing second in the league a tough away final in Cardiff was played out. The final started badly for the Dockers who were 3 goals down after the first half. In true Dockers style, Bristol turned it around in the 3rd, blowing away the strong Panthers team. The Dockers stood firm in the final quarter to hold on and win comfortably.

2018–2019
The 2018 season proved to be yet another successful season for the Dockers. Following the title in 2017 the Dockers qualified for the AFL Europe - European Champions League.

They had a tough draw, including tournament favorites and reigning champions, West London Wildcats and the "Young but Powerful" Zagreb Dockers, in the game billed the "Docker Derby". Despite the tough draw, and unconventional tournament preparation, the Dockers achieved a creditable 13th place in the tournament, with a notable victory over Styrian Dogs in the knockout stages.

The tournament was also notable for being the Dockers' first internationally televised match, playing against the French ALFA Lions.

Back on home soil the Dockers set out to defend their WARFL title. 2018 was a big year for the WARFL with the introduction of cross regional tournaments with the UK South Eastern Australian Football League (SEAFL) and the WARFL. These included games against Portsmouth Pirates, Southampton Titans, the Sussex Swans and the Bath & Wiltshire Redbacks (in the combined SEWARFL) with the Dockers coming out victorious in the inaugural tournament.

Bristol Dockers performed admirably over the course of the season defending their title. Significant victories were recorded over South Cardiff Panthers in a season defining, hard fought, 13 point victory playing with a scratch 9 and the spectacular round 5 186–22 victory over Chippenham Redbacks.

The July Grand Final against the South Cardiff Panthers was played in Bristol at the Dings Crusaders RFC. Bristol were victorious 14 14 98 def Cardiff Panthers 5 17 47, in their most comprehensive victory ever over their fierce rivals.

In 2019 the club decided to form a women's team. On 2 March, as part of a round robin tournament involving Sussex Swans, London Swans and Cardiff Panthers, the Bristol Dockers Ladies competed in their first ever competitive games.

As 2018 WARFL champions the Dockers qualified for the 2019 AFL Europe - European Champions League. Following an intense preseason campaign a much changed Bristol Dockers Squad finished a creditable 12th, with the Dockers team manager stating "It's really big for us as a chance to push ourselves against stronger teams before our season – and also fantastic to be part of keeping the focus on club sides outside of London in the UK."

Bristol Dockers kicked off their WARFL campaign with a comprehensive victory over the Chippenham Redbacks 101 to 40 in horrendous conditions.

title: Bristol Dockers


text:
Talk:Trinity Catholic High School (Connecticut)

Fair use rationale for Image:TCHS.JPG
Image:TCHS.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:27, 24 January 2008 (UTC)


text:
Talk:The origins of philosophy

Here is the plan for the origins of philosophy: Firstly, there will be a relatively short introduction (Ancient Greece) which deals with the historical situation of Greece at the time of the birth of philosophy, and how this situation contributed to a radical criticism of traditional wisdom and values. This section is not yet finished. The section on myth will deal with how philosophical thought was conditioned by the traditional mythical conceptions. Next, I would like to write a section on the word "logos", as the origins of philosophy have been traditionally described as the transition from mythos to logos.

Anyone willing to contribute to this topic should understand the first couple of chapters in Cornford's From Religion to Philosophy (F. M. Cornford. From Religion to Philosophy. A Study in the Origins of Western Speculation. Princeton University Press, 1991.) or The Presocratic Philosophers (by G. S. Kirk, J. E. Raven, M. Schofield).

Rewrite/restart of project
I will be beginning a major rewrite of this project, probably moving it to an actual title page of 'History of Western Philosophy'. Feel free to discuss possible collaborations on this project. --Nyotii 11:18, 11 October 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:The origins of philosophy


text:
Portal:Interdisciplinary Studies/Featured Picture

Featured Pictures

 * Global Sea Surface Temperature - GPN-2003-00032.jpg


text:
La Verne station

La Verne station is an under construction light rail station in the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. It is currently under construction as part of the Foothill Extension Project and is slated to open in early-January 2025.

The station is located near the intersection of Arrow Highway and E Street along the Pasadena Subdivision right-of-way in La Verne, California. The University of La Verne is northwest of the station, and Fairplex is one block to the south.

title: La Verne station


text:
German/Level I/Schule

Lesson I.9: Schule

School in Germany

 * School is not regulated nationwide, but by each Land
 * German "Kindergarten" is optional - it translates rather to "play school", "Vorschule" being roughly the equivalent to "Kindergarten"
 * From the age of six on, all Germans attend a "Grundschule" (elementary school) for four or six years, depending on the Land.
 * After that, they go to either
 * the "Hauptschule" which is industrially oriented,
 * the "Realschule", which is skill oriented,
 * the "Gymnasium", which is academically oriented,
 * or the "Gesamtschule", or comprehensive school.
 * Schooling is obligatory until the age of 16, but the Gymnasium diploma "Abitur" can only be obtained after 12 or 13 years, i.e. at age 18 or 19.
 * Latin and sometimes even ancient Greek are regularly taught at the Gymnasium. For the "Abitur", at least two foreign languages as well as some calculus and analysis classes have to be taken.
 * School days often are from 8:00-13:00. In most 'Länder', only the older students have additional classes between about 14:00-15:30 (i.e. 8AM - 1PM and 2PM - 3:30PM)
 * In most schools, Extracurricular Activities are offered, such as Drama Club or School Choir, but they are less common than in the U.S. Though many students feel some sort of identification with their school, most are just happy when they can go home.
 * Generally speaking, many schools still are more formal than US or Canadian schools.
 * The marking system uses
 * 1 (very good, 87,5% or 96%),
 * 2 (good 75% or 85%), **
 * 3 (satisfactory, 62,5% or 65%),
 * 4 (sufficient 50% or 45%).
 * 5 (faulty) is failed or 25%.
 * 6 (not sufficient) is only used when the student literally hands in a blank sheet or failed.
 * These marks can be modified with a "+" or a "-" to indicate a tendency, so e.g. 2+ is a fairly good mark that corresponds to about 80%.

Dialogue
Silke: Jetzt haben wir Mathe. Torsten: Oh nein, ich habe überhaupt keine Lust dazu. Silke: Hast du die Aufgaben gemacht? Torsten: Ja, im Bus. Silke: Super! Kann ich sie abschreiben?

Lehrer (Betritt den Raum): Guten Morgen! Klasse: Guten Morgen!

Lehrer: Wer möchte die Aufgaben an der Tafel rechnen? Florian? Florian geht zur Tafel, schreibt an und liest vor: "5 plus 8 ist gleich 13" "8 minus 5 ist gleich 3" "3 mal 8 ist gleich 24" "24 geteilt durch 12 ist gleich 2" Lehrer: Sehr gut, Florian!

Die Glocke läutet. Es ist Fünfminutenpause. Silke: Schnell, wir müssen zu Musik! Torsten: Au ja, darauf freue ich mich schon. Silke: Was machen wir heute? Torsten: Wir wollen ein Lied von Grönemeyer singen! Silke: Welches denn? Torsten: "Alkohol", glaube ich.

Nach dem Musikunterricht: Silke: Jetzt haben wir nur noch Geschichte... Torsten: Komm, wir schwänzen und gehen ins Bistro. Silke: Schon wieder!

Und Satz für Satz ...
Oh nein, ich habe überhaupt keine Lust dazu.

"Lust (zu etwas) haben" means "feeling like (it)". "Ich habe keine Lust (dazu)" is "I don't feel like (it)". "Ich habe überhaupt keine Lust" emphasizes it, meaning "I don't feel like it at all."

Hast du die Aufgaben gemacht? Have you the tasks done?

"Did you do your homework?"

Ja, im Bus. Yes, in the bus.

This is a common practice of students everywhere in the world, I guess...

Notice the contraction of "im", which is derived from "in dem", "in the".

Super! Kann ich sie noch schnell abschreiben? Super! Can I just quickly copy them?

"Super", "Cool", "Toll", are common exclamations ... "Noch schnell" is here meant as "while there is still time"

Lehrer (Betritt den Raum): Guten Morgen! Teacher (enters the room): Good Morning! Klasse: Guten Morgen! Class: Good Morning! Wer möchte die Aufgaben an der Tafel rechnen? Florian? Who would like the tasks on the blackboard calculate?

"Who would like to do these questions on the blackboard?" Note that "Tafel" is related to "table", meaning a flat surface, and indeed German "Tafel" can also designate a table prepared for a feast.

Don't let the weird order of the words disturb you, even if the phrase seems totally incomprehensible at first. I'll try to construct this bit by bit:

This is the basic question and answer pair: "Wer rechnet?" - "Ich rechne." "Who calculates?" - "I calculate."

To ask, if you want to do something, you use a construction similar to English: "Wer will rechnen" - "Ich will rechnen." "Who wants to calculate" - "I want to calculate." Note that the "to" is already included in the German word "rechnen". "Rechnen" is clearly already an infinitive, and doesn't need a "zu" to prove it. This is one of the main reasons why complicated conjugations can survive, they contain information that doesn't have to be expressed otherwise then...

To be a little more polite (or at least seem like it, since our teacher probably wouldn't take a no for an answer) "Wer möchte rechnen?" - "Ich möchte rechnen!" "Who would like to calculate?" - "I would like to calculate" This is another example for brevity by conjugation. The word "möchte" contains the "would", as it is a "Konjunktiv"-form of the word "mögen" which translates to "like". Don't be discouraged, many Germans don't realize this, and many don't use the Konjunktiv correctly, if ever. However, "ich möchte"-phrases are extremely popular, so just use them, even if you didn't understand yet a word of the explanation above ;-)

Let's introduce objects in our phrase: "Wer rechnet die Aufgabe?" - "Ich rechne die Aufgabe" "Who calculates the task?" - "I calculate the task", meaning "Who answers the question" This is a direct object, "Aufgabe" is in the accusative case. Because this is a feminine noun, this is not so obvious, but the structure is the same as in: "Wer sieht den Mann?" - "Ich sehe den Mann." "Who sees the man?" - "I see the man."

Now, we also have an adverbial expression of the place. This is an expression that defines the verb, thus ad-verbial. "Wer rechnet an der Tafel?" - "Ich rechne an der Tafel" "Who calculates on the blackboard?" - "I calculate on the blackboard"

Now let's put all this together: "Wer rechnet die Aufgabe an der Tafel?" - "Ich rechne die Aufgabe an der Tafel." "Who calculates the task on the blackboard?" - "I calculate the task on the blackboard"

Note that the order expressions is widely interchangeable. You can emphasize something by putting it closer to the end of the question.

And now for the whole phrase in all its glory: "Wer | möchte | die Aufgabe | an der Tafel | rechnen?" - "Ich | möchte | die Aufgabe | an der Tafel | rechnen." "Who | would like | the task | on the blackboard | calculate?" - "I | would like | the task | on the blackboard | calculate."

It wasn't THAT bad, was it?

Florian geht zur Tafel, schreibt an und liest vor: Florian goes to the blackboard, writes on and reads out:

"Florian goes to the blackboard, writes down and reads out aloud"

"zur" is another contraction, this time of "zu" and "der". Note that after "zu" follows the dative case, so "der" is not the masculine but the feminine article.

"anschreiben" splits to "schreibt an", and means literally "writing on". It is often used when writing legibly on a large, visible surface such as blackboard or a flipchart.

"vorlesen" splits to "liest vor" and translates to "read aloud".

"5 plus 8 ist gleich 13" "8 minus 5 ist gleich 3" "3 mal 8 ist 24" "24 geteilt durch 12 gleich 2"

So, as you might have guessed, plus and minus are the same as in English - they are just pronounced German. The verbs "addieren" and "subtrahieren" are probably not difficult either... "Ist gleich" or short "gleich" or just "ist" corresponds obviously to "is equal to" or "equals".

"mal" means "times". This is also used in every day phrases, such as "100mal habe ich dir gesagt ..." "I told you a 100 times ..." The corresponding verb is "malnehmen" or "multiplizieren"

"geteilt durch" is literally "divided by", and the verb is "teilen" or "dividieren".

Lehrer: Sehr gut, Florian! Very good, Florian!

Now, that was easy!

Die Glocke läutet. Es ist Fünfminutenpause. The bell rings. It is five-minute-break

Between single classes, there is usually a break of five minutes to allow teachers and students to go from one classroom to another. In most schools, classes such as German, English, History, Philosophy are taught in the classroom. Classes that use special equipment, such as all sciences, music and arts and of course computers and sport are being taught in a specialized lab classes. Roughly every second break is 15 minutes long, and if there are lessons in the afternoon, there's often a break of 45 to 60 minutes for lunch.

Schnell, wir müssen zu Musik! Quick, we must to music!

This sentence sounds strange. This is, because in everyday German, sometimes the verb gehen can be left out, if it is clear what is meant. In this case, the complete phrase would have to be "Wir müssen zu Musik gehen". But since Torsten will not think Silke is going to fly there, there will be no misunderstanding. Additionally, the word "class", or "course" is missing, which is the usual way of students to talk about their subjects.

Note: In English, the phrase might be "We have to go to the music room" instead of must. The German translation "Wir haben in den Musikraum zu gehen" would be understood, but is quite formal. Additionally, there is a connotation that the speaker distances himself from the order he is being given.

Au ja, darauf freue ich mich schon! Oh yes, to this look forward I myself already!

Whew, what was that?

Let's start at the beginning. "Au ja" ist an exclamation meaning "cool", "that's great". It has nothing to do with the German equivalent of "ouch!", which is "au(a)!"

"Sich freuen" means "being happy". It is reflexive such as in "I help myself", because the subject and the object are the same. Some phrases simply are constructed like this, even if there seems to be no real reason to this, and many languages know this phenomenon. The "sich" here is technically the accusative of "he, she, it" and is being changed depending on the person:

ich freue mich                I am happy du freust dich                you are happy er, sie, es freut sich        he, she, it is happy wir freuen uns                we are happy ihr freut euch                you are happy Sie/sie freuen sich           they are happy

Note that "to be happy" actually would be rather translated by "glücklich sein", but it is the closest English equivalent to "sich freuen".

"Sich über etwas freuen" means "to be happy about something". This is kind of self-explanatory. But "sich auf etwas freuen", literally "to be happy on something" means "to look forward to". This is a common phrase that uses the on in the same wide sense as in "on drugs", or "living on something" - there is no spatial relation here...

In "darauf" you recognize the "auf". The "da" is a demonstrative prounoun such as in "that place". "Darauf" actually is another contraction which developped a long time ago from "da-herauf". The "darauf" is referencing the word "Musik" from Silke's sentence.

So "Au ja, darauf freue ich mich schon" or "to-this look-forward I myself already" just means "Great, I'm already looking forward to that"

Maybe it comforts you a little that the English phrase in a word-by-word translation to German would be just as unintelligible...

Was machen wir heute? What make we today?

"What we (are going to) do today?" Note again, that "machen" often does not translate to "make", but to "do"!

Wir wollen ein Lied von Grönemeyer singen! We want a song of Grönemeyer sing!

"We want to sing a song by Grönemeyer!"

Welches denn? Which then?

"Alkohol", glaube ich... "Alcohol", believe I...

Note that adding a "glaube ich" is another common phrase, exacly as "I think" or "I believe" can be added to an English phrase. (Never mind the word order, this is because Alcohol is the object, so the verb is at the second position in the text)

Herbert Grönemeyer is a very popular German rock singer from the Ruhr region. His most famous songs include "Männer", "Bochum" (a city in the Ruhr region), "Mensch" and also "Alkohol".

Nach dem Musikunterricht: After the music class:

"Unterricht" comes from "unterrichten" "to teach", and means simply "class". Better not think about "under" and "right" here, which you might have correctly recognized as the word's components "richten" literally means "to correct".

Jetzt haben wir nur noch Geschichte... Now have we only still history...

"Now we have only history left"

Komm, wir schwänzen und gehen ins Bistro. Come, we skip and go in the bistro.

"Come on, let's skip class and go to the bistro instead". As in English, "Komm" can be used to motivate others.

There is yet another contraction here "ins" is derived from "in das", meaning "in the". "das" is the neutral article in accusative case here.

Schon wieder! Already again!

Aufgabe

 * Make a list of all the contractions used in this chapter. Can you determine the full tables?

School-Related Verbs
Lesen                                                To Read Schreiben                                            To Write Rechnen                                              To Calculate (doing maths) Studieren                                            To Study Lernen                                               To Learn Zeichnen                                             To Draw Malen                                                To Paint

School Subjects
Deutsch                                              German Englisch                                             English Russisch                                             Russian Französisch                                          French Latein                                               Latin Mathe                                                Maths Mathematik                                           Mathematics Sport                                                PE or Gym Kunst, Zeichnen                                      Arts Musik                                                Music Werken                                               Crafts Sachkunde, Sachunterricht                            Science Lesson in Elementary School Geschichte                                           History Erdkunde                                             Geography Politik                                              Politics Biologie                                             Biology Geografie                                            Geography Religion                                             RE or Religion Ethik                                                Ethics Chemie                                               Chemistry Physik                                               Physics Informatik                                           Computer Science Elektronische Datenverarbeitung                      Computer Science

School Supplies and Ect.
der Radiergummi                                      Eraser/Rubber der Bleistift                                        Pencil der Stift, der Kugelschreiber                        Pen der Füller, der Füllfederhalter                      Fountain pen das Fach                                             Subject die Klasse                                           Class der Lehrer                                           Teacher (male) die Lehrerin                                         Teacher (female) die Schule                                           School der Schüler                                          Pupil der Student                                          Student (College/University) die Stunde/Schulstunde                               school hours die Pause                                            Break die Schultasche                                      Backpack Die Straße                                           the street

title: German/Level I/Schule


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/queenscitizen.ca

Links

 * queenscitizen.ca resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * COIBot domainredlist search for link queenscitizen.ca gives:
 * queenscitizen.ca (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Users
No users found.

Additions
No additions recorded.


text:
User:Goutham Ashok/sandbox

Classe365 is an Australian [] Edtech [] company headquartered in Sydney NSW[]. Classe365 provides fully integrated software solutions and services to K-12[], educational institutions[], universities[] and educational academies [].

Classe365 has more than 4500 client institutions spread across more than 130 countries across the world.

Products Offered

 * Student Information System (SIS) []
 * Learning Management System (LMS) []
 * Customer Relationship Management (CRM) []

title: User:Goutham Ashok/sandbox


text:
User:Rahulsuryavanshisoni/sandbox

 Janki Sharan Soni' ; (born on 01 August 1949) is presently the principal at Aryabhata Institute of Technology and Science.

More about him coming soon..................

title: User:Rahulsuryavanshisoni/sandbox


text:
Axel Arenfeldt

Axel Arenfeldt (26 November 1590 - 4 October 1647) was a Danish government official and landowner. He served as Treasurer (rentemester) in 1623–27 and also as War Commissioner during the Thirty Years' War in 1626–27. He was on several occasions also used as a diplomatic messenger. He owned Basnæs at Skælskør from 1625 to 1647 and was lensmann of first Giske (1623–43) and then Stjernholm (1643–46) in Norway.

Early life and education
Arenfeldt was the son of Hans Axelsen Arenfeldt of Rugård (died 1611) and Anne Jørgensdatter Marsvin (1569–1610) and the brother of Mogens Arenfeldt. He studied in Tübingen (1607), Giesen (1608) and Siena (1614).

Career
Arenfeldt was secretary of Danish Chancellery in 1615–23. In 1620, on behalf of the king, he was prosecutor in the trial against Christoffer Dybvad. He served as Treasurer (rentemester) in 1623–27 and also as War Commissioner in connection with the king's involvement in the Thirty Years' War in 1626–27. He was on several occasions also used as a diplomatic messenger, for instance to Spain in 1621, Sweden in 1624, and the Netherlands in 1630. In 1634, he was created a Knight in the Order of the Dannebrog. In 1643, he was a tax commissioner in Jutland.

Property
Arenfeldt was in 1623–43 lensmann of Giske and in 1643–46 of Stjernholm in Norway. During the war with Sweden he was for a while imprisoned by the Swedish troops. In the mid-1720s, he purchased Basnæs at Skælskør in Denmark. He constructed a lavish new main building and was in general known for his luxurious and wasteful lifestyle.

Personal life
Arenfeldt married Marie Margrethe Ulfeldt (1619-1694), a daughter of Jakob Ulfeldt (1567–1630) and Birgitte Brockenhuus (1580–1656), on 13 April 1634 in Odense. He was the father of Jørgen Arenfeldt.

He was not particularly popular and was frequently involved in disputes with his neighbours. Rumour had it that he was quilty of embezzlement during his years as a war commissioner.

He died on 4 October 1647 at Basnæs and is buried at St. Peter's Church in Næstved.

title: Axel Arenfeldt


text:
Talk:The Slim Shady LP/GA1

GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''

Reviewer: DAP388 (talk · contribs) 02:58, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Sorry for the delay. Let's start the review, shall we?

 * Lead
 * "It was released on February 23, 1999 under Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment, and Web Records." The comma is unnecessary.
 * "Recorded in Ferndale, Michigan following Eminem's discovery by Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine" Discovery isn't the right word. Recruitment is better in this context.

 * Background
 * No issues.

 * Recording
 * No issues.

 * Lyrics
 * No issues.

 * Production
 * No issues.

 * Commercial response
 * Why is "platinum" capitalized in mid-sentence? It is a generic term.

 * Critical reception
 * The A.V. Club is a publication, and thus should be italicized.
 * Wikilink Spin.

 * Aftermath
 * No issues.

 * Lawsuits
 * No issues.

That's all. On hold until the issues are resolved. —DAP388 (talk) 19:05, 15 July 2012 (UTC)

I believe I have fixed everything. Thanks a bunch for the review! :) Basilisk4u (talk) 20:45, 15 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Looks good. That's a pass. :) —DAP388 (talk) 01:42, 16 July 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Slim Shady LP/GA1


text:
Talk:Intelligence Intensification/Creativity Techniques

September 27, 2004: I added a short supplement explaining my theory of creativity with an example of how to use it. The authors of this module can rework this into the body of this section as they see fit.

Maybe the passage below should be reduced to the first sentence? Firstly, you should support your own team rather than booing the other team and secondly maybe this is the kind of babble this book shall not contain? I cannot make up my mind about this.

Now I will give you two good techniques to get new ideas. I think it's all you need. There are thick books about this, and you may read them if you think it is interesting. But if you are intelligent, understanding the essence is all you need (everywhere, always, in every theory. Am I overenthusiastic?)


text:
Talk:Matthew Quick

Contested deletion
This article should not be speedily deleted for lack of asserted importance because "His work has received many honors including a PEN/Hemingway Award Honorable Mention and been translated into several languages, and called “beautiful…first-rate” by The New York Times Book Review" — Preceding unsigned comment added by Virscorpio (talk • contribs) 03:29, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Agreed. That's enough of an assertion of notability to invalidate criterion A7 for speedy deletion. I've declined the request for speedy deletion. —C.Fred (talk) 03:42, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Matthew Quick. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
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External links modified (January 2018)
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title: Talk:Matthew Quick


text:
Talk:Yesterday Once More (2004 film)

Untitled

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

move per unobstructed move, no objection. --  tariq abjotu  01:54, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Requested move
Yesterday Once More → Yesterday Once More (film) … Rationale: Apparently there is a song with the same name? — Chored 15:04, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Survey

 * Support - I'm all up for a move, didn't realise there was a song called "Yesterday Once More" when I created the page - Chored ~

Discussion

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Yesterday Once More (2004 film)


text:
User:Lawrenceivanov

Lawrence Ivanov (born July 13, 1962) is a Croatian / American business man, investor, philanthropist, and humanitarian. He is best known as the owner of Ivanov Consultancy. During his career. Ivanov held the positions of Project Manager and architect, while also being the shareholder of Matt dairy farm Croatia.

title: User:Lawrenceivanov


text:
Hertfordshire Border Walk

The Hertfordshire Border Walk is long-distance walking route around the border of Hertfordshire, following the traditional county border. It keeps close to the border as far as practical, often running along it. It was developed as a walking route in celebration of the county for the Association of British Counties.

The route is a circular route with a starting and finishing point at Chorleywood Station. It is 171 miles long (currently longer due to a diversion for the HS2 works). It was first walked in 2018 over the course of nine days.

The walk is not currently waymarked. It incorporates sections of a number of waymarked routes, including the Chiltern Way, Hertfordshire Way, Icknield Way Trail and Hertfordshire Chain Walk, along with many local paths.

title: Hertfordshire Border Walk


text:
Problem solving

Introduction
How do you react when you think of "problems"? Do they mean something’s wrong? Do you see hours of your time disappearing in damage control and the search for a solution? Or are you an enduring optimist: problems are early warning signs to issues that need to be addressed. Perhaps your view is more pragmatic: problems simply signify differences between what is actually happening and what needs to happen.

Whichever way you look at problems, you would know from experience that problem solving requires good management. Excellent communication skills, the ability to gather relevant information and properly analyse it, the ability to discern what’s important and what’s not, and ability to actually make decisions, in a timely and appropriate fashion. How does your thinking and practice measure up?

An alternative, more complete course, on solving problems is also available on Wikiversity.

This unit is used in:
 * First Line Management
 * International Tourism

Learning support, assessment and certification
The following learning institutions offer learning support, assessment services, and accreditation for courses using this unit:
 * Otago Polytechnic in Dunedin, New Zealand offers both face to face and online support in this programme in the School of Business Travel and Tourism, through the (New Zealand) National Certificate in First Line Management.

Implement the solution
we can define a problem & provide possible solutions

title: Problem solving


text:
Nirenberg

Nirenberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * David Nirenberg, American historian
 * Louis Nirenberg (1925–2020), Canadian-born Canadian-American mathematician
 * Marshall Warren Nirenberg (1927–2010), American biochemist and geneticist
 * Ron Nirenberg (born 1977), Mayor of San Antonio, Texas, US

title: Nirenberg


text:
Damu (name)

Damu is a name.

Given name

 * Damu Cherry (1977-), American hurdler
 * Damu Kenkre, Indian director
 * Damu Smith (1951–2006), American peace activist

Family name

 * Irkab-Damu, King of Ebla
 * Isar-Damu, King of Ebla
 * Jimi Damu (1967–2018), Fijian rugby player
 * Kun-Damu, King of Ebla
 * Xiong Damu, Ming Dynasty novelist and historian

Other

 * Damu the Fudgemunk (1984-), American musician
 * Suresh Damu Bhole, Indian politician

title: Damu (name)


text:
Handbook of Descriptive Statistics/Template

This a template for how an entry in the Handbook of Descriptive Statistics should look. Please copy and paste the source of this page when creating a new entry.

Description

 * Brief description of what it is and what its used for.
 * Mathematical formula
 * Link to a Wikipedia article on it.

Usages
Describe in detail here data sets and purposes on which it is most useful. Describe also data sets for which it may give misleading results.

Distributions

 * Include standard values for common distributions, if they exist. For example, a normal distribution always has a skew and kurtosis of zero.
 * Include standard error for normal distribution, and for other distributions also if possible.
 * Sampling distribution.

Calculation
Include any alternative methods of calculation, especially for large data sets, or when other measures have already been calculated.

(An example: once you have the count, sum, sum of squares, cubes and fourth powers for a data set, you can then use these to easily calculate the Mean, Std. Dev, Skew and Kurtosis, rather than having to go through the entire dataset multiple times calculating differences.)

Software
Include how it is accessed in common statistical packages, if known. Can also provide links to source code samples for calculating it, etc.


text:
othergates

Adverb

 * 1)  In another manner.
 * "en"
 * "en"
 * "en"

- It should seem David's men were othergates men than many

title: othergates


text:
Eslamiyeh, Nishapur

Eslamiyeh (, also Romanized as Eslāmīyeh; also known as Salāmīyeh) is a village in Rivand Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 74, in 24 families.

title: Eslamiyeh, Nishapur


text:
Sweet Sue (play)

Sweet Sue is a play by A. R. Gurney. It premiered at the Williamstown Theatre Festival and later enjoyed a Broadway production at the Music Box Theatre during the 1986-87 season.

Characters
The play requires four actors for its two characters, Susan Weatherhill, a repressed and uncertain woman in her late forties, and Jake, a young man who is the college roommate of Susan's son. Each of these characters is played simultaneously by two actors, who give expression to the characters' internal tensions and ambivalence. The script refers to them as: "Susan", "Susan Too", "Jake", and "Jake Too". This technique of dividing a single character between two actors is not unique to Sweet Sue; it can also be found in Overtones (1913 and 1929) by Alice Gerstenberg, Getting Out (1979) by Marsha Norman, and Passion (1981) by Peter Nichols. Here, Gurney uses it to create an atmosphere of light romantic comedy, punctuated by moments of unease.

Analysis
Gurney has explained that the play was initially meant to be a modern treatment of the classical tale of Phaedra and her desire for a younger man, but turned into a summer romance, with Susan's struggling with problems of self-esteem, artistic integrity, and sexual attraction to a man young enough to be her son. Reviewers tended to dismiss the play as superficial and far from Gurney's best, but it ran for six months on Broadway, due in part to the casting of the two Sues with the popular actors Mary Tyler Moore and Lynn Redgrave.

title: Sweet Sue (play)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Philica

The result was no consensus, default to keep. - Bobet 09:41, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

Philica
While this might one day be nice, it now doesn't at all appear to meet WP:WEB, alexa ranking of 3,870,352 and I find no reliable sources on this so doesn't appear to meet Verifiability. Most google hits on this are to other uses of the word Philica Xyzzyplugh 15:29, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Akradecki 15:49, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless notability can be established. -- SB_Johnny | talk 18:05, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * KEEP because Philica is pretty big amongst published scientists, though perhaps, not yet to the general public. Philica is like the Arxiv for academia in general, and if you have used Arxiv, you'd know the significance of what I've just said. Moreover, Philica has been mentioned by Nature, the magazine read or skimmed-through by virtually all scientists, so the Notability complaint doesn't compute. I would say the current stub categorization is not quite accurate, since Philica is not just an WWW-related article. In case I don't get time to check W for the next few days, I have removed, for the time being, the afd. But, feel free to continue the discussion -Yosofun 01:04, 15 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Removing an AfD notice is not allowed, I have put it back. As to Nature, I've now checked nature.com and found this: http://www.nature.com/nature/peerreview/debate/nature04992.html There is a one sentence mention of Philica in this article, which says, "Philica, an online journal started earlier this year, goes further: it publishes any paper submitted, but ranks them based on open peer review by any reader".  A single one sentence mention does not meet the requirements of WP:V, has Nature done any more substantial articles on this which I didn't find?  --Xyzzyplugh 13:00, 15 August 2006 (UTC)
 * As I have mentioned earlier, recognition by the journal Nature is considered ubiquitous publicity, at least in the realm of published science--however brief the recognition may be. Not everyone's weekend brainchild gets the honor to appear in Nature. If you don't believe there are already thousands of minds hooked on Philica, check out the site. Please note that this article does not meet the problems listed in the Deletion policies. In terms of Verifiability, this article is itself about a reputable source (see external link above); moreover, unless I have overlooked something, the Verifiability page does not explicitly require this article's deletion. Finally, this is no vanity page--I am not affiliated with Philica at all. I am pro-this-article because Philica is a legitimate online entity and journal mechanism that deserves an entry in Wikipedia. Yosofun 05:31, 16 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Majority wins? Removed AfD again, since you haven't said anything for a while now. Put it back if you disagree with any of what the Keep'ers have said. Yosofun 21:33, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep. I see no reason to delete this page. Since when has Alexa rating been the standard of notability? A Google search produces several references to it. What makes Philica notable is that it is a new approach to scientific publishing. I think this is of interest to the reader. This is what matters, not Alexa rating. Alan Pascoe 20:34, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep. Philica is notable if only from a historical perspective, being a major change the methodology of peer review New299 11:35, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Comment to closing Administrator. Yosofun has repeatedly removed the AfD notice from the article, despite my explaining to her on her talk page that this is not acceptable.  I think this has been done not out of bad faith, but out of simple misunderstanding of the AfD policies.  An official notification that this is not allowed seems to be in order here.  --Xyzzyplugh 13:12, 18 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The AfD page needs Cleanup or, at least, a brief outline of the steps involved in an AfD -- with moderator intervention explicitly stated, if such is the new word. It would be nice if certain users spend less of their time deleting valid articles, and more time on updating the policy pages into more concise versions. Sadly, I also suffer from promiscuous-deletion paranoia. A number of pages I've started were deleted without adequate reason, and I only retroactively discover the mal-deletion a couple of weeks later. Interestingly, some of the pages I've started were deleted, then recreated a short time later and have since not been recommended for deletion. Users who spend their time weeding out articles really ought to spend more effort in judging the validity of certain articles -- and whether the article meets the criteria for removal. Yosofun 22:28, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Philica


text:
pandiculation

Noun

 * 1) A stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities, as when fatigued and drowsy or on waking, often accompanied by yawning.

Translations

 * Finnish: venyttely
 * French:
 * German: Räkeln,
 * Hindi: अंगड़ाई
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: syfjuteygjur, morgunteygjur
 * Italian:
 * Malay: menggeliat
 * Maori: taiaroa, taiari, taieri
 * Portuguese: pandiculação, espreguiçamento
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

title: pandiculation


text:
Talk:Tok Det

I still believe and remember that the former Malaysian Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir bin Mohammad's granddaughter: Ineza Roussille (who is the daughter of his eldest daughter Datin Paduka Marina Mahathir) often nicknamed him or pen-named him as "Tok Det" in which she always uses it fondly and frequently until today whenever she calls out her grandfather. Eventually that aforesaid name got stuck later on and it has virtually become his family name in his entire household after all! Hahaha.....! --onWheeZierPLot 17:41, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tok Det


text:
User:Ντέλ/Books/Special Educational Needs (Principles and Disciplines)

Priciples and Disciplines

 * Special education
 * Special needs
 * Developmental disorder
 * Speech-language pathology
 * Learning disability
 * Developmental coordination disorder
 * Neurodevelopmental disorder
 * Anti-social behaviour
 * Brain damage
 * Intellectual disability
 * Response to intervention
 * Intelligence quotient
 * Flynn effect
 * Raven's Progressive Matrices
 * Curriculum-based measurement
 * Reading for special needs
 * Dual-route hypothesis to reading aloud
 * Fragile X syndrome
 * Cerebral palsy
 * Paralysis
 * Spastic cerebral palsy
 * Spasticity
 * Cerebellum
 * Cerebrum
 * Phonics
 * Phonetics
 * Phonological awareness
 * Phonemic awareness
 * Reading comprehension
 * Inclusion (education)
 * Dysphagia
 * Feeding disorder
 * Applied behavior analysis
 * Rehabilitation counseling
 * Obsessive–compulsive disorder
 * Anxiety disorder
 * Phobia
 * Social anxiety disorder
 * Generalized anxiety disorder
 * Posttraumatic stress disorder
 * Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale
 * Hyperfocus
 * Idiosyncrasy
 * Traumatic brain injury
 * Major depressive disorder
 * Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
 * Anxiety
 * Panic attack
 * Persistent vegetative state
 * Disorders of consciousness
 * Locked-in syndrome
 * Differential psychology
 * Placebo
 * Emotional and behavioral disorders
 * Disability
 * Developmental disability
 * Pervasive developmental disorder
 * Childhood disintegrative disorder
 * Rett syndrome
 * Angelman syndrome
 * Prader–Willi syndrome
 * DSM-5
 * Personality disorder
 * International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
 * Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
 * Intellectual giftedness
 * Intelligence
 * Gifted education
 * Theory of multiple intelligences
 * Genetic Studies of Genius
 * Remedial education
 * Internally displaced person
 * Civil disorder
 * Functional disconnection
 * Language-based learning disability
 * Attentional shift
 * Impulsivity
 * Substance use disorder
 * Bipolar disorder
 * Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
 * Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV
 * Relational disorder
 * ICD-10
 * Tourette syndrome
 * Oppositional defiant disorder
 * Conduct disorder
 * Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation
 * Hypokalemic periodic paralysis
 * Dominance (genetics)
 * Channelopathy
 * Mood disorder
 * Dysthymia
 * Cyclothymia
 * Restless legs syndrome
 * Neurological disorder
 * Periodic limb movement disorder
 * Sleep disorder
 * Mania
 * Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive
 * Asperger syndrome
 * Interpersonal relationship
 * Nonverbal communication
 * Cognitive development
 * High-functioning autism
 * Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome
 * Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
 * Selective mutism
 * Schizoaffective disorder
 * Mental disorder
 * Echolalia
 * Cognitive behavioral therapy
 * Occupational therapy
 * Positive behavior support
 * Autism spectrum
 * Tuberous sclerosis
 * Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome
 * Conditions comorbid to autism spectrum disorders
 * Autism and memory
 * Causes of autism
 * Heritability of autism
 * Irritable bowel syndrome
 * Autism and working memory
 * Savant syndrome
 * Global perceptions of autism
 * Autism
 * Sociological and cultural aspects of autism
 * Lovaas model
 * Face perception
 * Autism Diagnostic Interview
 * Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
 * Muscular dystrophy
 * Childhood Autism Rating Scale
 * Spectrum disorder
 * Causes of mental disorders
 * Genetic disorder
 * Minor physical anomalies
 * Physical disability
 * Sensory processing disorder
 * Visual impairment
 * Hearing loss
 * Balance disorder
 * Invisible disability
 * Disability and disasters
 * Medical model of disability
 * Down syndrome
 * Genetics of Down syndrome
 * Aneuploidy
 * Down syndrome research
 * Schizotypal autism
 * Communication disorder
 * Motor disorder
 * Stereotypic movement disorder
 * Schizophrenia
 * Dysgraphia
 * Dyscalculia
 * Dyslexia
 * Orthography
 * Working memory
 * Surface dyslexia
 * Semantic dyslexia
 * Phonological dyslexia
 * Deep dyslexia
 * Characteristics of dyslexia
 * Orthographies and dyslexia
 * Biological theories of dyslexia
 * Neurological research into dyslexia
 * Genetic research into dyslexia
 * Gene–environment interaction
 * Pure alexia
 * Management of dyslexia
 * Dyslexia interventions
 * Dyslexia research
 * Cerebellar theory of dyslexia
 * Dyslexie
 * OpenDyslexic
 * Monospaced font
 * Typeface
 * Lexia Readable
 * List of artistic depictions of dyslexia
 * Neurodiversity
 * Philosophy of language
 * Linguistics
 * Adapted physical education
 * Disability rights movement
 * Disability studies
 * Disability and poverty
 * Early childhood intervention
 * Alternative therapies for developmental and learning disabilities
 * Mainstreaming (education)
 * Matching Person and Technology (model)
 * Post Secondary Transition for High School Students with Disabilities
 * Special Assistance Program (Australian education)
 * Tracking (education)


text:
1993 Barilla Indoors

The 1993 Barilla Indoors was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Saalsporthalle Allmend in Zürich in Switzerland and was part of the 1993 WTA Tour. It was the 10th edition of the tournament, which had been upgraded from Tier II to Tier I, and was held from 4 October through 10 October 1993. Third-seeded Manuela Maleeva-Fragnière won the singles title and earned $150,000 first-prize money.

Singles
Manuela Maleeva-Fragnière defeated 🇺🇸 Martina Navratilova 6–3, 7–6(7–1)
 * It was Maleeva-Fragnière's 2nd singles title of the year and the 18th of her career.

Doubles
🇺🇸 Zina Garrison-Jackson / 🇺🇸 Martina Navratilova defeated 🇺🇸 Gigi Fernández / 🇧🇾 Natasha Zvereva 6–3, 5–7, 6–3

title: 1993 Barilla Indoors