text:
Texoma Shore

Texoma Shore is the eleventh studio album by American country music singer Blake Shelton. The album was released on November 3, 2017 by Warner Bros. Records. Its lead single is "I'll Name the Dogs". As with his previous several albums, Scott Hendricks served as producer.

Content
The album is named after Lake Texoma, a lake on the border of Texas and Oklahoma. The lead single to the album is "I'll Name the Dogs", which was written by Josh Thompson, Ben Hayslip, and Matt Dragstrem. Shelton described the album to Entertainment Tonight by saying, "There's a song or two on there that are directly personal, but, you know, for the most part I just made an album that feels how I feel now – that's just happy and go with the flow."

Due to daily spins on iHeartMedia stations, five other tracks from the album all charted on Country Airplay dated for November 18, 2017: "At the House", "I Lived It", "Turnin' Me On", "Money", and "Why Me" all charted at numbers 33 through 37 for that chart. This made Shelton the first artist to have six songs in the top 60 of the chart at the same time, after Kenny Chesney and Lady Antebellum, who each charted seven tracks in 2004 and 2011 respectively.

Critical reception
Rating it 3 out of 4 stars, Glenn Gamboa of Newsday felt that Shelton's "charm is on full display". Cillea Houghton of Sounds Like Nashville wrote that he "embodies a sound that's grounded and down-to-earth, much like the beloved early hits that turned him into one of the genre's modern day staples." Matt Bjorke of Roughstock also reviewed the album with favor, saying that a "majority of the album feels ready for radio", while also highlighting his singing on "Why Me" and "Turnin' Me On".

Commercial performance
Texoma Shore debuted at number four on the US Billboard 200 with 63,000 album-equivalent units; 55,000 of that figure were pure album sales. It is Shelton's 11th US top 10 album. It has sold 257,100 copies in the United States as of April 2019.

Personnel
Adapted from AllMusic

 * Jessi Alexander - background vocals
 * Perry Coleman - background vocals
 * Paul DiGiovanni - programming
 * Charles Dixon - violin, viola
 * Matt Dragstrem - acoustic guitar, electric guitar, percussion
 * Jeneé Fleenor - fiddle
 * Kenny Greenberg - baritone guitar, electric guitar
 * Troy Lancaster - electric guitar
 * Jamie Moore - synthesizer, whistle
 * Gordon Mote - Hammond B-3 organ, piano, synthesizer, Wurlitzer
 * Jimmy Olander - electric guitar on "I'll Name the Dogs"
 * Russ Pahl - pedal steel guitar
 * RaeLynn - background vocals
 * Sari Reist - cello
 * Blake Shelton - lead vocals
 * Jimmie Lee Sloas - bass guitar
 * Abe Stoklasa - background vocals
 * Bryan Sutton - banjo, acoustic guitar, mandolin
 * Ilya Toshinsky - banjo, bouzouki, 12-string guitar, acoustic guitar, resonator guitar, hi-string acoustic guitar
 * Mark Trussell - acoustic guitar, synthesizer bass, background vocals
 * Derek Wells - acoustic guitar, electric guitar
 * Craig Wiseman - acoustic guitar, background vocals
 * Nir Z. - drums, percussion, programming

title: Texoma Shore


text:
Cookbook:Soda

Soda is an ambiguous term that can refer to:

 * baking soda
 * soda pop: fountain drinks, carbonated beverages, etc.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cookbook:Soda


text:
Talk:Applicable Mathematics/Probability

"Another example of a random experiment and outcome is the birth of a child." What is random about that?

"When you throw a die, you can get 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 eyes. These are the possible outcomes in a throw." I often throw a die that lands diagonally against the edge of an object, causing an unwanted result. Is there a name for such results? How do you determine what's part of the sample space and what not? I can imagine that this is a matter of much contention in statistical analysis: what the one calls a valid result, the other denies.--Branko 17:31, 27 Mar 2004 (UTC) "I think that you have to state the number of completed trials. If a die lodges itself somewhere it simply anincomplete trial and shouldn't be included in the results,unless you want to report incomplete trials for others to consider" [[User:Druid] 14:29, 30 Sept.2007

title: Talk:Applicable Mathematics/Probability


text:
Talk:Lux Mundi (statue)

Notability
Articles seems to meet WP:NOTE pretty well, in case it gets PROD-ed. History2007 (talk) 17:56, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Greek
Isn't the Greek word ἀγάπη, not αγάρη? Is there a credible source to confirm how the text on the statue reads? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:08, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

Lightning rod?
It looks like there is a Lightning rod on the top - is that right? Bubba73 You talkin' to me? 22:46, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lux Mundi (statue)


text:
User:<IP_ADDRESS>/Choose an Article

Article Selection
Please list articles that you're considering for your Wikipedia assignment below. Begin to critique these articles and find relevant sources.

Option 1

 * Abortion in the United States by State
 * Article Evaluation
 * The article shows the desultory between all fifty states, but could add specific details and also states having unclear citations.
 * Sources
 * Usnews.com
 * Article: A Guide to Abortion Laws by State
 * Usnews.com
 * Article: A Guide to Abortion Laws by State

Option 2

 * Types of Abortion Restrictions in the United States
 * Article Evaluation
 * The article is informative but does not present up to date information on current restrictions in individual states nor does it provide statics.
 * Sources
 * Guttmacher.org
 * Article: An Overview of Abortion Laws
 * Guttmacher.org
 * Article: An Overview of Abortion Laws

Option 3

 * Article Evaluation
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources

Option 4

 * Article title
 * Article Evaluation
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources

Option 5

 * Article title
 * Article Evaluation
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources

title: User:75.38.106.201/Choose an Article


text:
Kashar railway station

Kashar railway station served the municipality of Kashar in Albania.

The branch from Vora to Tirana was closed in 2013 and passenger workings were replaced by a bus service. In 2015, the bus journey was shortened when Kashar station re-opened with the benefit of a refurbishment, allowing travelers to journey to at least the outskirts of Tirana. The new service was inaugurated on 26 May by Ilir Meta (then Parliamentary Speaker) and Minister of Transport and Infrastructure Edmond Haxhinasto. Despite the optimism which accompanied the refurbishment and reopening of Kashar station, Tirana's mayor, Lulzim Basha criticised the delay in the reopening of the remainder of the line to Tirana, as Kashar is still ten kilometers away from the city centre, with the distance and the slow operating speeds meaning that the service was underused. It closed completely in 2018 and the tracks have been removed

title: Kashar railway station


text:
Wikipedia:Possibly unfree files/2015 February 11

File:Swami Sharnanandji Maharaj Photo.jpg

The result of the discussion was: Delete; deleted by AnomieBOT ⚡  14:07, 7 May 2015 (UTC)
 * File:Swami Sharnanandji Maharaj Photo.jpg ([ delete] | talk | [ history] | [ logs]).

 * I can't see anything on the google translation version of the website that shows this image is public domain Peripitus (Talk) 08:54, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the media's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this section.

File:Dr Karl Jenkins OBE.JPG

The result of the discussion was: Delete; deleted by AnomieBOT ⚡  14:07, 7 May 2015 (UTC)
 * File:Dr Karl Jenkins OBE.JPG ([ delete] | talk | [ history] | [ logs]).

 * Dubious claim of authorship; appears to be TV capture. Andy Mabbett ( Pigsonthewing ); Talk to Andy; Andy's edits 12:57, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the media's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this section.

File:Lithuanian euro cent national side.png

The result of the discussion was: Delete; deleted by AnomieBOT ⚡  14:07, 7 May 2015 (UTC)
 * File:Lithuanian euro cent national side.png ([ delete] | talk | [ history] | [ logs]).

 * This is clearly a currency design and not the uploaders own work. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 13:33, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the media's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this section.

File:Dracophyllum-recurvum-copy.jpg

The result of the discussion was: Delete; deleted by AnomieBOT ⚡  14:07, 7 May 2015 (UTC)
 * File:Dracophyllum-recurvum-copy.jpg ([ delete] | talk | [ history] | [ logs]).

 * No source. Andy Mabbett ( Pigsonthewing ); Talk to Andy; Andy's edits 16:53, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the media's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this section.


text:
Lenz's law

Physicist Emil Lenz (pronounced ) formulated Lenz's law in 1834, after which it was named for him.

Magnetic fields
"The direction of current induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field due to Faraday's law of induction will be such that it will create a field that opposes the change that produced it."

For current I that generates a magnetic field
 * $$B = L I$$

The induced current generated
 * $$-\phi = -NB = - N L I$$

Theoretical Lenz's law
Def. "a law of electromagnetic induction which states that an electromotive force, induced in a conductor, is always in such a direction that the current it would produce would oppose the change which caused it; it is a form of the law of conservation of energy" is called Lenz's law.

title: Lenz's law


text:
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Fifidonis/Archive

06 February 2015

 * Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

All editors are devoted to unsourced expansions of "List of awards and nominations received by .." articles, and more specifically List of awards and nominations received by Iggy Azalea and List of awards and nominations received by Ariana Grande. As soon as I block one, the next shows up. It's been going on for months, and I need to get an underlying IP range blocked if possible. —Kww(talk) 00:18, 6 February 2015 (UTC)

Comments by other users

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * I think it's best to ensure that all accounts have been blocked and to address the IP (if possible) as suggested by Kww. LoveMusic3210 isn't registered, can you double check it? Mike V • Talk 04:55, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Capitalization error fixed. It should have been Lovemusic3210.—Kww(talk) 12:56, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

The following users are ✅ as one another: The following users are ✅ as one another: The following users are ✅ as one another: Based on the technical data, it seems that these three groups are related. The range of IPs involved is very wide; a rangeblock would not be possible. Yunshui 雲 水 13:38, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * All accounts have been tagged. Suri Cahaya was only blocked for 2 weeks, so I've increased that to indefinite. Mike V • Talk 16:24, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

11 February 2015

 * Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

Username is similar to Happyfunday, which is a sock of Fifidonis. User is going around reverting admin changes, contributions seems to be aimed at restoring changes made by Happyfunday. The ip address was seen in the changelog from Sistar19 page. It was also reverting the admin changes before the account came around, may not be related. ηoian  ‡orever ηew ‡rontiers  06:11, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

Comments by other users

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments
I had already addressed both of these before noticing this SPI had been reopened. Everybody blocked and tagged.—Kww(talk) 14:02, 11 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Dražen Dalipagić

Untitled
Nationality Dalipagic's nationality is Bosnian. His mother is Croatian and his father is Bosnian. Changed his nationality to a correct one (was listed as a Serb. He lives in Serbia. Does not automatically make him a Serbian). —Preceding unsigned comment added by Custovic (talk • contribs) 04:01, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

He is Serb by both parents. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:26, 26 September 2013 (UTC)

Nationality
He is Croat from Bosnia, like Marin Cilic, who is also half Serb.

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Dražen Dalipagić. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070624045846/http://www.halloffame.fiba.com/pages/eng/hof/indu/play/2007/p/lid_17904_newsid/19957/bio.html to http://www.halloffame.fiba.com/pages/eng/hof/indu/play/2007/p/lid_17904_newsid/19957/bio.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:11, 13 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dražen Dalipagić


text:
Portal talk:Wikiversity

I don't see a box for all the loads of Wikiversity development discussions that are dotted around the place. Incidentally, User:JWSchmidt has an interesting blog on development aspects - can a user blog be added into any categories here? McCormack 16:34, 10 May 2007 (UTC)
 * The names of most of the sections in the portal page need to be changed. --JWSchmidt 16:52, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

How about this in the top box? McCormack 17:07, 10 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Go for it. --JWSchmidt 17:18, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

title: Portal talk:Wikiversity


text:
Ada Programming/Keywords/and

Boolean operator
X : Boolean := A > 10 A < 20;

Boolean shortcut operator
Shortcut operators are used to make the evaluation of parts of boolean expressions conditional: and then, or else. This should never be done to speed up the evaluation (with modern optimizing compilers, it will possibly not have that effect). The correct use is to prevent the evaluation of expressions known to raise an exception.

Dog /=   G (Dog) Walk (Dog); ;

In the example above, G (Dog) is only called when the pointer Dog is not null, i.e. it actually points to something.

Actually and then and or else are not operators in the sense of the reference manual, they are called 'Short-circuit Control Forms'. The difference is that (true) operators can be redefined (i.e. overloaded), whereas these cannot. They are however defined for any boolean type.

Since Ada allows parallel evaluation of the arguments for an expression, shortcut operators are not the standard way of evaluating boolean expressions. In any case where the final result of the evaluation is guaranteed to be the same, the compiler is allowed to use a shortcut evaluation.

Boolean operator on arrays
The and operator is applied to each pair of boolean elements from the left and right arrays. The result has the same bounds as the left operand.

Day_Of_Month  1 .. 31;             Month_Array   (Day_Of_Month)  Boolean; X : Month_Array := Function_1; Y : Month_Array := Function_2; Z : Month_Array := X Y;

Bitwise operator
The operator and could be used with modular types to perform bitwise operations.

Adding interfaces to tagged types
Programmer  Person Printable Skilled_In : Language_List; ;

Wikibook

 * Ada Programming
 * Ada Programming/Keywords
 * Ada Programming/Operators
 * Ada Programming/Keywords/interface

Ada Quality and Style Guide

|And

title: Ada Programming/Keywords/and


text:
Hermann Weber

Hermann Weber (23 August 1928 – 29 December 2014) was a German historian and political scientist. He has been described as "the man who knew everything about the German Democratic Republic".

Early years
Hermann Weber was born into a working-class family in the closing years of what would later become known as the Weimar Republic period. His father was a metal worker. When Weber was 4 years old, membership in the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) was banned by the Nazi Party. This impacted his family greatly – Weber's father was a Communist who found himself harassed and at one stage thrown into prison for a year and a half by the Gestapo.

As author

 * with Andreas Herbst: Deutsche Kommunisten. Biographisches Handbuch 1918–1945. 2nd edition: revised and much extended, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6.
 * Deutsche Kommunisten – Supplement to the above 1918-1945. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-320-02295-2.

 * with Gerda Weber: Leben nach dem „Prinzip links“. Erinnerungen aus fünf Jahrzehnten. Links, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-86153-405-3.
 * Damals als ich Wunderlich hieß. Vom Parteihochschüler zum kritischen Sozialisten. Die SED-Parteihochschule „Karl Marx“ bis 1949. Aufbau, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-351-02535-1.
 * Erich Walter Gniffke. In: Karl Wilhelm Fricke, Peter Steinbach, Johannes Tuchel (Ed.): Opposition und Widerstand in der DDR – Politische Lebensbilder. Beck, 2002, ISBN 3-406-47619-8, S. 203–209.
 * Die DDR 1945–1990. (Grundriss der Geschichte, Bd. 20). 5th (updated) edition. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-70440-2.
 * Geschichte der DDR. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, München 1985, ISBN 3-423-04430-6.
 * with Gerda Weber: Lenin-Chronik, Daten zu Leben und Werk. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, München 1974, ISBN 3-423-03254-5.
 * Aufbau und Fall einer Diktatur. Kritische Beiträge zur Geschichte der DDR. Bund, Frankfurt am Main 1991, ISBN 3-7663-2266-4.
 * Die Wandlung des deutschen Kommunismus. Die Stalinisierung der KPD in der Weimarer Republik. 2 vols. Europäische Verlagsanstalt, Frankfurt am Main 1969,.
 * Ulbricht fälscht Geschichte. Ein Kommentar mit Dokumenten zum „Grundriß der Geschichte der deutschen Arbeiterbewegung“. Neuer Deutscher Verlag, Köln 1964,.

As editor

 * Hermann Weber and others (Ed.): Kommunisten verfolgen Kommunisten: stalinistischer Terror und „Säuberungen“ in den kommunistischen Parteien Europas seit den dreißiger Jahren. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-05-002259-0.
 * Der Gründungsparteitag der KPD. Europäische Verlagsanstalt, Frankfurt am Main 1969. Neu herausgegeben und eingeleitet: Die Gründung der KPD, Protokoll und Materialien des Gründungsparteitages der KPD 1918/1919. Mit einer Einführung zur angeblichen Erstveröffentlichung durch die SED. Dietz, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-320-01818-3.

Young communist
Weber joined the KPD himself in 1945. Early in 1946 he attended a four-week course near Berlin organised by the Free German Youth (FDJ / Freie Deutsche Jugend) which was in effect the newly created youth wing of the German Communist Party, legalized again following the defeat of Nazi Germany in the Second World War. In June of that year he was a delegate to the FDJ's first parliament, where he met its president, Erich Honecker, future head of state of the German Democratic Republic (GDR/East Germany). Weber's hometown of Mannheim was a part of the US occupation zone, but in 1947 he headed to the Soviet occupation zone in the east of what remained of Germany and spent two years as a student at the Karl Marx Party Academy in Berlin, leaving in 1949. A fellow student of Weber's was Herbert Mies, also from the Mannheim area. To his initial irritation, the Socialist Unity Party of Germany ruling over the Soviet occupation zone insisted that Weber study under a pseudonym, settling on "Hermann Wunderlich". Later he would joke that he was disappointed because the authorities had not permitted him to call himself "Walter", and in 2002 he published a volume of memoirs under the ironic title "Damals, als ich Wunderlich hieß" ("Back then, when they called me Wunderlich"). It was as a student at the "Karl Marx" Academy that he met his future wife, Gerda Röder.

Back in the Federal Republic
In 1949 Weber was sent back to what had now become the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), formally established in May 1949 from a combination of the three Allied occupation zones hitherto under US, British and French control. He became editor-in-chief of the FDJ-Zeitung, a newspaper based at this stage in Frankfurt aimed at young West Germans. He was very soon demoted to the position of culture editor on the newspaper by FDJ chief Honecker because he had given insufficient prominence to a telegram received from Stalin – Stalin's message had appeared on the front page, but only in a small box. Despite the demotion, Weber continued the political struggle against the "Revanchist Adenauer state". He was arrested in March 1953 and taken into investigative custody after the FDJ was designated a banned organisation in the west. The year was one of increased east–west tension, with a significant uprising violently crushed in East Germany in June. Two months later, still detained, Hermann Weber spent his 25th birthday in a prison in Essen. He was released later in 1953, but in 1954 he was expelled from the German Communist Party. In 1955 he joined West Germany's "moderate left" SPD (party), though he would always be regarded as part of the party's left wing.

Academia
Between 1964 and 1968 Weber studied at Marburg and Mannheim, obtaining his doctorate after only four years. Habilitation followed in 1970 and an "extraordinary professorship" in 1973. This represented an exceptionally rapid progression, which reflected both Weber's talents and many years, when a younger man, of relevant learning and experience. At the Karl Marx Party Academy in the late 1940s, Hermann and Gerda Weber had been part of an elite group of students. Guest lecturers had included Wilhelm Pieck, Walter Ulbricht, Otto Grotewohl, Anton Ackermann, Fred Oelßner and Kurt Hager – men who had taken a lead role in creating the German Democratic Republic, which was now Weber's own field of study. His youngest professor at the party academy and, he believed, among the best of them, had been Wolfgang Leonhard who himself had subsequently defected to the west and become, like Weber, a notable academic expert on East Germany. The two remained friends despite robustly held professional differences. Hermann Weber served as Professor for Political Sciences and Contemporary History at the University of Mannheim from 1975 till his formal retirement in 1993. In 1981 he founded the university's Research division on German Democratic Republic (GDR) History, while producing a succession of well regarded publications on aspects the GDR, many of which became much cited standard works.

Post retirement career
Weber remained a board member of the National Foundation for Re-assessment of the SED Dictatorship. He was also an honorary member of the Joint Commission for research on recent German Russian relations.

In 1993 he founded the Year Book for Historical Communism Research, an annual publication which he continued to edit till 2007.

Professional high point
Weber identified a high point of his research career as the discovery, in 1968, of the text of the original minutes of the Founding Congress of the German Communist Party. The record had been undiscovered for fifty years. Subsequently, East Germany's ruling SED (party) asserted that they had found it, and they showed little urgency in making it available. However, in 1972 the party's Institute for Marxism–Leninism published an edition which was unambiguously based on Weber's version.

title: Hermann Weber


text:
Instructional design/Affective behaviors/Character Education - Back in Style/Task One Worksheet Answers

Back to Lesson 3: Character Education - Back in Style

Task One Worksheet Answers

1. List at least five values upon which this theory is based.

 * the reality of objective moral truth-that virtues are objectively good human qualities,
 * the acquisition of objectively worthwhile virtues as an important educational goal,
 * context as influencing the choice of which virtues to teach,
 * behavior as the ultimate measure of character,
 * knowing the good (the cognitive side), desiring the good (the emotional side), and doing the good (the behavior side) as important to character development,
 * being comprehensive and objective in teaching virtues,
 * a whole-school effort to create a community of virtue for fostering character development,
 * students' active participation and responsibility for constructing their own characters, but also adults' exercise of moral authority and leadership,
 * transmitting a moral heritage of tested virtues, but also equipping students to think critically about how to apply the virtues in cases of value conflicts.

If you listed any five of the above, good job! If not, please review the character education values section again.

2. List the three goals of character education.

 * Good People
 * Good Schools
 * Good Society

If you got the three goals right, good job! If not, please review the goals of character education section again.

3. List the six pillars of character education and provide an example for each one by filling out the table below.

If you listed all of the values above and at had least one example for each one as listed above, good job! If you didn't get all of the pillars/values or examples correct, please review the content of character section of the lesson again.

Back to Lesson 3: Character Education - Back in Style


text:
беспокоиться

Verb

 * 1) to worry (about), to be anxious (about), to be uneasy (about)
 * 2)  to bother with, to care about
 * 1)  to bother with, to care about
 * 1)  to bother with, to care about

title: беспокоиться


text:
User:Ventur-sebastiano/sandbox

Line 15:

"As part of their adaptation from marine life, terrestrial plants began producing non-marine antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), polyphenols and tocopherols. The evolution of angiosperm plants between 50 and 200 million years ago resulted in the development of many antioxidant pigments – particularly during the Jurassic period – as chemical defences against reactive oxygen species that are byproducts of photosynthesis."

Dear Materialscientist ,

the above sentence is derived from my paper ( Venturi Sebastiano: "Evolutionary significance of iodine"  published in Current Chemical Biology: Volume 5, 3 Issues, 2011, and in: "Evolution of dietary antioxidant defences". European Epi-Marker_ Vol. 11, No. 3 :1-12. July 2007

and not in paper of Benzie where only the evolution of  antioxidants in human diet is reported.

Yours

Sebastiano Venturi

http://scholar.google.it/citations?user=AbUBQWoAAAAJ&hl=it

_______________ You can see below my paragraph:

_____When about 400-300 Mya some living plants and animals began to transfer from the sea to rivers and land, environmental iodine deficiency was a challenge to the evolution of terrestrial life (Venturi, 2000). In marine-fishes, plants and animals the terrestrial diet became deficient in many essential marine trace elements, including iodine, selenium etc. Terrestrial plants, in replacement of marine antioxidants, slowly optimized the production of other endogenous antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, polyfenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, tocoferols etc., some of which became essential “vitamins” in the diet of terrestrial animals (vitamins C, A, E, etc.). ... When about 500 million years ago plants and animals began to transfer from the sea to rivers and land, environmental iodine-deficiency was a challenge to the evolution of terrestrial life. New endogenous antioxidants appeared in plants as ascorbic acid, polyfenols, carotenoids, flavonoids. A few of these appeared recently, about 200-50 million years ago in fruits and flowers of angiosperm plants.____

title: User:Ventur-sebastiano/sandbox


text:
Montesquiu

Montesquiu is a municipality in the comarca (county) of Osona in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the banks of the Ter river in the north of the comarca. It is on the main communication route between Barcelona and Puigcerdà, served by the N-152 road and a station on the RENFE railway line. The thirteenth-century castle is used for cultural events during the summer. Montesquiu became part of Osona in the comarcal revision of 1990. Previously, it formed part of Ripollès.

title: Montesquiu


text:
幽玄

Adjective

 * 1) mysteriously profound

Noun

 * 1) something deep, profound, or unfathomable; deepness or profundity; being unfathomable
 * 2) something graceful; grace

title: 幽玄


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Carlos Galvan (rapper) and Swings (rapper)

The result was   delete. Stifle (talk) 09:58, 20 February 2015 (UTC)

Carlos Galvan (rapper)

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )
 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Redirect to Uptown (band) was removed by page creator. Carlos Galvan was redirected to Uptown as well. Non notable singer Gbawden (talk) 06:25, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Automated comment: This AfD cannot be processed correctly because of an issue with the header. Please make sure the header has only 1 article, and doesn't have any HTML encoded characters. —cyberbot I   Talk to my owner :Online 07:51, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Korea-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 21:48, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Bands and musicians-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 21:48, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
 * Delete fails to meet notability requirements for musicians.John Pack Lambert (talk) 18:21, 13 February 2015 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, -- Sam Sing! 07:31, 18 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Tari Kelly

Tari Kelly is an American theater actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Countess Lily in the first national tour of Anastasia.

Education and career
Tari Kelly attended Madison East High School in Madison, Wisconsin. She took dance lessons at Virginia Davis School of Dance and began acting in shows in her local community theater, performing in shows, including Annie. She discovered she had a passion for theater when she landed the lead in her high school music, The Boyfriend. After graduating high school, she attended DePaul University's acting conservatory but transferred a year later to the University of Wisconsin to dance and sing as well. While in Wisconsin, Kelly acted in many production at the regional Fireside Theatre.

Kelly made her Broadway debut in 1994 with Show Boat as a swing and understudy for Lottie, Ellie, and Dottie. Following her debut, she joined the national tours of Beauty and the Beast and Show Boat. In 2003, she returned to Broadway to play in the ensemble and a member of the Trio in The Boy from Oz. A year later, she landed the lead role of Audrey in the Little Shop of Horrors national tour, which she calls her favorite role. In 2007, she played Mama Who in Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, which starred Patrick Page, and played Sally Bowles in the Cabaret national tour a year later. From 2011 to 2012, Kelly join Broadway's Anything Goes as a passenger and a replacement/understudy for various roles, and in 2015 to 2016, she joined the world premiere of Something Rotten! on Broadway as a member of the ensemble. In her most recent Broadway role, Kelly played Mrs. Cleveland and the Piano Teacher in Groundhog Day. In 2018, she opened the Anastasia first North American tour as Countess Lily. As of February 27, 2024, she is portraying Mrs. White, the perpetual widow, in the national tour of Clue the Musical.

title: Tari Kelly


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/grilledvegetables.net

Links

 * grilledvegetables.net resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Users
No users found.

Additions
No additions recorded.


text:
User:Bedogus11/sandbox

Christian Missions in Many Lands (CMML) is a nonprofit, faith-based, service organization that serves missionaries from the United States serving in cross-cultural missions overseas. Established in 1921, it later merged in 1972 with three other organizations, Voices from The Vineyard, The Fields, and the Julia Hasse Memorial Missionary Home. The organization assists missionaries by forwarding donations from various groups or individuals to missionaries in other countries, assisting in various legal matters pertaining to mission work, and publishes informative materials about the missionaries for donors and other interested individuals.

title: User:Bedogus11/sandbox


text:
User:McCormack/Custodian

Request for custodianship / looking for a mentor. ''Reasons: I was watching an episode of mass vandalisation of Wikiversity and saw how many key pages were blanked before a custodian could be alerted to take action. I could really have done with privileges to revert with one-click and block a mass vandal. I won't be around Wikiversity often, but when I am, I want to help stop this kind of thing. I have my own installation of MediaWiki, so I have daily experience of standard sysop functions. I also have involvement with a number of open/free projects in the educational technologies field, and contribute with tools development.''

title: User:McCormack/Custodian


text:
Talk:Edmonton Folk Music Festival

Quality Issues
This article reads more like promotional material than a wiki article, particularly the segment about volunteer appreciation. 21:33, 11 August 2006 <IP_ADDRESS> (talk)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Edmonton Folk Music Festival. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110929154234/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0001097 to http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0001097
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120517193128/http://vueweekly.com/music/story/how_did_we_get_here/ to http://vueweekly.com/music/story/how_did_we_get_here/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 10:43, 20 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Edmonton Folk Music Festival


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Amit Walia

The result was Delete.  (aeropagitica)   (talk)   16:53, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

Amit Walia
Page was originally an nonsense article marked for deletion. While reading the page, I researched the movies listed, and none of the movies list an "Amit Walia" on IMDB (the movies however were listed). The one common feature of the movies was the director Alejandro Agresti. Looking into this further, it appears the author simply copy and pasted the article for Alejandro Agresti and changed the name. Delete and warn author. Wildthing61476 20:35, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you, yep, it is a copy of Agresti's who directed the Lake House, and I have to keep monitoring that page since the movie came out for various folks putting in Amit Walia instead of Agresti. Please note that the same people playing with this page created another called Nitin Walia which I just put a speedy delete tag on plange 20:42, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Most definitely a hoax - someone keeps substituting this name for the real director of The Lake House (film) plange 20:33, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete as WP:HOAX per above. Yomangani talk 21:44, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete as hoax. The author has also tried to vandalize Alejandro Agresti's page.  ColourBurst 22:05, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The newest contribution is correct. The movie director bs is not. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 22:14, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Note: above user, whose edit history thus far consists of 2 experiments on articles, 1 block removal of band data, a possibly good-faith but malformed edit to PayPal, and an edit to this article (, the "newest contribution" referred to above), makes, in that last edit, a case for this being a vanity article sponsored, inspired, and/or executed by one or more unnotables with this name. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 22:28, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax perpetrated by and . ~ Jeff Q (talk) 22:17, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. Luna Santin 23:13, 11 August 2006 (UTC)


text:
Government Madhav Science College, Ujjain

Government Madhav Science College, Ujjain, also known by the shorter names as Madhav Science College, Ujjain or Madhav Science College, is a government college located in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and affiliated to Vikram University. it is accredited A++ grade by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council(NAAC)


text:
User:Dan Aquinas/Omnisecu.com

Omnisecu.com ...

This website makes the following claim on its Home page

"Welcome to OmniSecu.com (Free Networking Tutorials, Free System Administration Tutorials and Free Security Tutorials). Here you can gain the basic and intermediate level knowledge in Networking, Network Security, and System Security absolutely FREE!. OmniSecu.com is nothing but Free Networking Tutorials, Free System Administration Tutorials and Free Security Tutorials. We have organized all technical information for a beginner in Networking, Network Security and System Security here. We will guide you step-by-step in the learning process, and make sure that you will become a master. Remember, nothing can replace knowledge in IT world. "

It is unclear from any statements made on the website who created the content. No names of any kind appear on the website allowing one to get a sense of the scholarly credentials of the authors.

title: User:Dan Aquinas/Omnisecu.com


text:
Calculus/Introduction to multivariable calculus

This chapter serves as an introduction to multivariable calculus. Multivariable calculus is more complicated than when we were dealing with single-variable functions because more variables means more situations to be concerned about. In the following chapters, we will be discussing limits, differentiation, and integration of multivariable functions, using single-variable calculus as our basis.

Topology in Rn
In your previous study of calculus, we have looked at functions and their behavior. Most of these functions we have examined have been all in the form
 * $$f(x):\R\to\R$$

and only occasional examination of functions of two variables. However, the study of functions of several variables is quite rich in itself, and has applications in several fields.

We write functions of vectors - many variables - as follows:
 * $$f:\R^m\to\R^n$$

and $$f(\vec{x})$$ for the function that maps a vector in $$\R^m$$ to a vector in $$\R^n$$.

Before we can do calculus in $$\R^n$$, we must familiarize ourselves with the structure of $$\R^n$$. We need to know which properties of $$\R$$ can be extended to $$\R^n$$. This page assumes at least some familiarity with basic linear algebra.

Lengths and distances
If we have a vector in $$\R^2$$ we can calculate its length using the Pythagorean theorem. For instance, the length of the vector $$(2,3)$$ is
 * $$\sqrt{3^2+2^2}=\sqrt{13}$$

We can generalize this to $$\R^n$$. We define a vector's length, written $$\|\vec{x}\|$$, as the square root of the sum of the squares of each of its components. That is, if we have a vector $$\vec{x}=(x_1,\ldots,x_n)$$ ,
 * $$\|\vec{x}\|=\sqrt{x_1^2+\cdots+x_n^2}$$

Now that we have established some concept of length, we can establish the distance between two vectors. We define this distance to be the length of the two vectors' difference. We write this distance $$d(\vec{x},\vec{y})$$, and it is
 * $$d(\vec{x},\vec{y})=\big\|\vec{x}-\vec{y}\big\|=\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^n(x_i-y_i)^2}$$

This distance function is sometimes referred to as a metric. Other metrics arise in different circumstances. The metric we have just defined is known as the Euclidean metric.

Open and closed balls
In $$\R$$, we have the concept of an interval, in that we choose a certain number of other points about some central point. For example, the interval $$[-1,1]$$ is centered about the point 0, and includes points to the left and right of 0.

In $$\R^2$$ and up, the idea is a little more difficult to carry on. For $$\R^2$$, we need to consider points to the left, right, above, and below a certain point. This may be fine, but for $$\R^3$$ we need to include points in more directions.

We generalize the idea of the interval by considering all the points that are a given, fixed distance from a certain point - now we know how to calculate distances in $$\R^n$$, we can make our generalization as follows, by introducing the concept of an open ball and a closed ball respectively, which are analogous to the open and closed interval respectively.
 * an open ball
 * $$B(\vec{a},r)$$
 * is a set in the form $$\Big\{\vec{x}\in\R^n\Big|d(\vec{x},\vec{a})<r\Big\}$$
 * a closed ball
 * $$\overline{B}(\vec{a},r)$$
 * is a set in the form $$\Big\{\vec{x}\in\R^n\Big|d(\vec{x},\vec{a})\le r\Big\}$$

In $$\R$$, we have seen that the open ball is simply an open interval centered about the point $$x=a$$. In $$\R^2$$ this is a circle with no boundary, and in $$\R^3$$ it is a sphere with no outer surface. (What would the closed ball be?)

Boundary points
If we have some area, say a field, then the common sense notion of the boundary is the points 'next to' both the inside and outside of the field. For a set, $$S$$, we can define this rigorously by saying the boundary of the set contains all those points such that we can find points both inside and outside the set. We call the set of such points $$\partial S$$.

Typically, when it exists the dimension of $$\partial S$$ is one lower than the dimension of $$S$$. e.g. the boundary of a volume is a surface and the boundary of a surface is a curve.

This isn't always true; but it is true of all the sets we will be using.

A set $$S$$ is bounded if there is some positive number such that we can encompass this set by a closed ball about $$\vec0$$. --> if every point in it is within a finite distance of the origin, i.e there exists some $$r>0$$ such that $$\vec{x}$$ is in S implies $$\vec{x}<r$$.

Limits
We will focus on the limits of two-variable functions while reviewing the limits of single-variable functions. Multivariable limits are significantly harder than single-variable limits because of different directions. Assume that there is a single-variable function:"$y=f(x)$"In order to ensure that $$\lim_{x\rightarrow c}f(x)$$ exists, we need to test it from two directions: one approaching $$c$$ from the left side ($$x\rightarrow c^-$$) and the other approaching $$c$$ from the right side ($$x\rightarrow c^+$$). Recall that"$\lim_{x\rightarrow c}f(x)$ exists when $\lim_{x\rightarrow c^-}f(x)=\lim_{x\rightarrow c^+}f(x)$."For example, $$\lim_{x\rightarrow 0}\frac{1}{x}$$ does not exist because $$\lim_{x\rightarrow 0^-}\frac{1}{x}=-\infty$$ and $$\lim_{x\rightarrow 0^+}\frac{1}{x}=\infty$$. Now, assume that there is a function with two variables:"$z=f(x,y)$"If we want to take a limit, for example, $$\lim_{(x,y)\rightarrow(a,b)}f(x,y)$$, not only do we need to consider the limit from the direction of the $$x$$-axis, we also need to consider the limit from all directions, which includes the $$y$$-axis, lines, curves, etc. Generally speaking, if there is one direction where the calculated limit is different from others, the limit does not exist. We will be discussing this in detail here.

Differentiable functions
When we expand our scope into the 3-dimensional world, we have significantly more situations to consider. For example, derivatives. In previous chapters, derivatives only have one direction (the $$x$$-axis) because there is only one variable."$\frac{d(x^3+4x)}{dx}=3x^2+4$"When we have two or more variables, the rate of change can be calculated in different directions. For example, take a look at the image on the right. This is the graph of a two-variable function. Since there are two variables, the domain will be the whole $$xy$$-plane. We will graph the output $$f(x,y)$$ on the $$z$$-axis. The equation for the function on the right is:"$f(x,y)=(x^2+3y^2)^{1-x^2-y^2}$"How can we calculate a derivative? The answer is to use partial derivatives. As the name suggests, it can only calculate a derivative "partially" because we can only calculate the rate of change of a graph in one direction.

Partial derivatives
Notations are important for partial derivatives. $$\frac{\partial}{\partial x}f(x,y)$$ means the derivative of $$f(x,y)$$ in the $$x$$-axis direction, where we only view the $$x$$ as a variable while $$y$$ as a constant.

$$\frac{\partial}{\partial y}f(x,y)$$ means the derivative of $$f(x,y)$$ in the $$y$$-axis direction, where we only view the $$y$$ as a variable while $$x$$ as a constant. For simplicity, we will often use various standard abbreviations, so we can write most of the formulae on one line. This can make it easier to see the important details.

We can abbreviate partial differentials with a subscript, e.g., $$f_x= \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}, \quad f_y= \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}, \quad f_{xy}=\frac{\partial^2f}{\partial x \partial y}=\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\left(\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}\right),\quad f_{yx}=\frac{\partial^2f}{\partial y \partial x}=\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\left(\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}\right)$$ Note that $$f_{xy}\ne f_{yx}$$ in general. They are only sometimes equal. For details, see The_chain_rule_and_Clairaut's_theorem.

When we are using a subscript this way we will generally use the Heaviside D (which stands for "directional") rather than ∂, $$D_x h(x,y)= \frac{\partial h}{\partial x} \quad D_x D_y h= D_y D_x h$$

$$D_{\mathbf{\hat{u}}}f(x,y)$$ means the derivative of $$f$$ in the direction $$\mathbf{\hat{u}}=\langle a,b\rangle$$ If we are using subscripts to label the axes, x1, x2 …, then, rather than having two layers of subscripts, we will use the number as the subscript. $$h_1 = D_1 h = \partial_1 h = \partial_{x_1}h = \frac{\partial h}{\partial x_1} $$ We can also use subscripts for the components of a vector function, $$\mathbf{u}=\langle u_x, u_y, u_z \rangle \text{ or } \mathbf{u}=(u_1,u_2,...,u_n)$$

If we are using subscripts for both the components of a vector and for partial derivatives we will separate them with a comma."$u_{x,y}=\frac{\partial u_x}{\partial y}$"The most widely used notation is $$f_x$$.

We will use whichever notation best suits the equation we are working with.

Directional derivatives
Normally, a partial derivative of a function with respect to one of its variables, say, xj, takes the derivative of that "slice" of that function parallel to the xj'th axis.

More precisely, we can think of cutting a function f(x1,...,xn) in space along the xj'th axis, with keeping everything but the xj variable constant.

From the definition, we have the partial derivative at a point p of the function along this slice as
 * $${\partial \mathbf{f} \over \partial x_j} = \lim_{t\rightarrow 0} {\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p}+t\mathbf{e}_j) - \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p}) \over t}$$

provided this limit exists.

Instead of the basis vector, which corresponds to taking the derivative along that axis, we can pick a vector in any direction (which we usually take as being a unit vector), and we take the directional derivative of a function as
 * $${\partial \mathbf{f} \over \partial \mathbf{d}} = \lim_{t\rightarrow 0} {\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p}+t\mathbf{d}) - \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p}) \over t}$$

where d is the direction vector.

If we want to calculate directional derivatives, calculating them from the limit definition is rather painful, but, we have the following: if f : Rn → R is differentiable at a point p, |p|=1,
 * $${\partial \mathbf{f} \over \partial \mathbf{d}} = D_\mathbf{p} \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{d})$$

There is a closely related formulation which we'll look at in the next section.

Gradient vectors
The partial derivatives of a scalar tell us how much it changes if we move along one of the axes. What if we move in a different direction?

We'll call the scalar f, and consider what happens if we move an infinitesimal direction dr=(dx,dy,dz), using the chain rule.
 * $$\mathbf{df}=dx\frac{\partial f}{\partial x} +

dy\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}+dz\frac{\partial f}{\partial z}$$

This is the dot product of dr with a vector whose components are the partial derivatives of f, called the gradient of f

$$\operatorname{grad} \mathbf{f} = \nabla \mathbf{f} = \left(\frac{\partial \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p})}{\partial x_1},\cdots, \frac{\partial \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p})}{\partial x_n}\right)$$

We can form directional derivatives at a point p, in the direction d then by taking the dot product of the gradient with d
 * $${\partial \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p}) \over \partial \mathbf{d}} =\mathbf{d} \cdot \nabla \mathbf{f}(\mathbf{p})$$.

Notice that grad f looks like a vector multiplied by a scalar. This particular combination of partial derivatives is commonplace, so we abbreviate it to
 * $$\nabla = \left( \frac{\partial }{\partial x},

\frac{\partial }{\partial y}, \frac{\partial }{\partial z}\right) $$

We can write the action of taking the gradient vector by writing this as an operator. Recall that in the one-variable case we can write d/dx for the action of taking the derivative with respect to x. This case is similar, but ∇ acts like a vector.

We can also write the action of taking the gradient vector as:
 * $$\nabla = \left( \frac{\partial }{\partial x_1},

\frac{\partial }{\partial x_2}, \cdots \frac{\partial }{\partial x_n}\right) $$

Geometry

 * Grad f(p) is a vector pointing in the direction of steepest slope of f. |grad f(p)| is the rate of change of that slope at that point.

For example, if we consider h(x, y)=x2+y2. The level sets of h are concentric circles, centred on the origin, and
 * $$ \nabla h = (h_x,h_y) = 2(x,y)= 2 \mathbf{r}$$

grad h points directly away from the origin, at right angles to the contours.

 * Along a level set, (∇f)(p) is perpendicular to the level set {x|f(x)=f(p) at x=p}.

If dr points along the contours of f, where the function is constant, then df will be zero. Since df is a dot product, that means that the two vectors, df and grad f, must be at right angles, i.e. the gradient is at right angles to the contours.

Algebraic properties
Like d/dx, ∇ is linear. For any pair of constants, a and b, and any pair of scalar functions, f and g
 * $$\frac{d}{dx} (af+bg)= a\frac{d}{dx}f + b\frac{d}{dx}g

\quad \nabla (af+bg) = a \nabla f + b \nabla g$$

Since it's a vector, we can try taking its dot and cross product with other vectors, and with itself.

Product and chain rules
Just as with ordinary differentiation, there are product rules for grad, div and curl.

 * If g is a scalar and v is a vector, then
 * the divergence of gv is
 * $$\nabla \cdot (g\mathbf{v})=g \nabla \cdot \mathbf{v} + (\mathbf{v} \cdot \nabla) g$$
 * the curl of gv is
 * $$\nabla \times (g\mathbf{v}) = g(\nabla \times \mathbf{v})+

(\nabla g) \times \mathbf{v}$$
 * If u and v are both vectors then
 * the gradient of their dot product is
 * $$\nabla ( \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} ) =

\mathbf{u} \times (\nabla \times \mathbf{v} ) + \mathbf{v} \times (\nabla \times \mathbf{u} ) + (\mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla) \mathbf{v} + (\mathbf{v} \cdot \nabla) \mathbf{u} $$
 * the divergence of their cross product is
 * $$\nabla \cdot ( \mathbf{u} \times \mathbf{v} ) =

\mathbf{v}\cdot ( \nabla \times \mathbf{u} ) - \mathbf{u}\cdot ( \nabla \times \mathbf{v} )$$
 * the curl of their cross product is
 * $$\nabla \times ( \mathbf{u} \times \mathbf{v} ) =

(\mathbf{v} \cdot \nabla ) \mathbf{u} - (\mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla) \mathbf{v} + \mathbf{u}(\nabla \cdot \mathbf{v}) - \mathbf{v}(\nabla \cdot \mathbf{u}) $$

We can also write chain rules. In the general case, when both functions are vectors and the composition is defined, we can use the Jacobian defined earlier.

\left. \nabla \mathbf{u}(\mathbf{v}) \right|_{\mathbf{r}}= \mathbf{J}_{\mathbf{v}} \left. \nabla \mathbf{v} \right|_{\mathbf{r}} $$ where Ju is the Jacobian of u at the point v.

Normally J is a matrix but if either the range or the domain of u is R1 then it becomes a vector. In these special cases we can compactly write the chain rule using only vector notation.

 * If g is a scalar function of a vector and h is a scalar function of g then
 * $$\nabla h(g) = \frac{dh}{dg} \nabla g$$

 * If g is a scalar function of a vector then
 * $$\nabla = (\nabla g) \frac{d}{dg}$$

This substitution can be made in any of the equations containing ∇

Integration
We have already considered differentiation of functions of more than one variable, which leads us to consider how we can meaningfully look at integration.

In the single variable case, we interpret the definite integral of a function to mean the area under the function. There is a similar interpretation in the multiple variable case: for example, if we have a paraboloid in R3, we may want to look at the integral of that paraboloid over some region of the xy plane, which will be the volume under that curve and inside that region.

Riemann sums
When looking at these forms of integrals, we look at the Riemann sum. Recall in the one-variable case we divide the interval we are integrating over into rectangles and summing the areas of these rectangles as their widths get smaller and smaller. For the multiple-variable case, we need to do something similar, but the problem arises how to split up R2, or R3, for instance.

To do this, we extend the concept of the interval, and consider what we call a n-interval. An n-interval is a set of points in some rectangular region with sides of some fixed width in each dimension, that is, a set in the form {x∈Rn|ai ≤ xi ≤ bi with i = 0,...,n}, and its area/size/volume (which we simply call its measure to avoid confusion) is the product of the lengths of all its sides.

So, an n-interval in R2 could be some rectangular partition of the plane, such as {(x,y) | x ∈ [0,1] and y ∈ [0, 2]|}. Its measure is 2.

If we are to consider the Riemann sum now in terms of sub-n-intervals of a region Ω, it is
 * $$\sum_{i; S_i \subset \Omega} f(x^*_i)m(S_i)$$

where m(Si) is the measure of the division of Ω into k sub-n-intervals Si, and x*i is a point in Si. The index is important - we only perform the sum where Si falls completely within Ω - any Si that is not completely contained in Ω we ignore.

As we take the limit as k goes to infinity, that is, we divide up Ω into finer and finer sub-n-intervals, and this sum is the same no matter how we divide up Ω, we get the integral of f over Ω which we write
 * $$\int_\Omega f$$

For two dimensions, we may write
 * $$\int\int_\Omega f$$

and likewise for n dimensions.

Iterated integrals
Thankfully, we need not always work with Riemann sums every time we want to calculate an integral in more than one variable. There are some results that make life a bit easier for us.

For R2, if we have some region bounded between two functions of the other variable (so two functions in the form f(x) = y, or f(y) = x), between a constant boundary (so, between x = a and x =b or y = a and y = b), we have
 * $$\int_a^b\,\int_{f(x)}^{g(x)} h(x,y)\,dy dx$$

An important theorem (called Fubini's theorem) assures us that this integral is the same as
 * $$\int\int_\Omega f$$,

if f is continuous on the domain of integration.


text:
BAFTA Rising Star Award

The EE British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) Rising Star Award, currently styled as the EE Rising Star Award for commercial reasons and previously known as the Orange Rising Star Award, is an award that acknowledges new talents in the acting industry.

The five nominees are chosen regardless of gender, nationality and whether they have made a breakthrough in television, film or both. Despite the nominees being chosen by the BAFTA juries, the winner is chosen entirely by public votes via text, internet or phone. This award was sponsored by Orange UK until 2012 and has been sponsored by EE since 2013.

History
The award was created after Mary Selway died in 2004. She has been recognised for her successful role as a casting director and has helped many new actors and actresses to their claim to fame.

The first winner was James McAvoy in 2006. Eva Green, Shia LaBeouf and Kristen Stewart have been the only non-British winners. The current holder of the award is Mia McKenna-Bruce, who won in 2023.

In the following lists, the titles and names in bold with a gold background are the winners and recipients respectively; those not in bold are the nominees. The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released, not the year of the ceremony, which always takes place the following year.

Winners and nominees
{{legend|#FAEB86|indicates the winner}}

title: BAFTA Rising Star Award


text:
User:Ishikarawat9999/sandbox

 Good News for Jio lover….JioPhone 3'''

After 2 ordered models of Jio Phone (JioPhone one and JioPhone 2), Reliance jio is turning out with maybe a new branded smartphone. thus it smart new for jio user, reliance is returning with its new whole smartphone (JioPhone 3) and this new model may be proclaimed by the Ambani family.

In but 3 years, Reliance already has become India’s largest medium player card-playing all alternative medium corporations like Airtel, Idea, Vodafone, etc. it's become the second-largest subscriber base and conjointly has earned heaps of revenue and currently you may get 2 hundredths off on new JioPhone three by applying the code “JBKQ67j89S”.So what are you waiting for for…cheak for this new JioPhone three?

JioPhone 3

This approaching smartphone is predicted to understand as JioPhone three and can be far more powerful than JioPhone a pair of. thus if you're bored victimization JioPhone a pair of you'll purchase JioPhone three. The launching date of this new phone would be three of the Gregorian calendar month, thus you have got to attend for it for an explicit whereas.

Let Maine tell you the corporate has not proclaimed the expected value of this new branded phone, however, the value of JioPhone three would be roughly between 1500 to 4500 and comes in black color. in step with the Reliance Company reports the JioPhone three are high-powered by MediaTek chipset and also the name of the MediaTek chipset is predicted to power the JioPhone three. The chipmaker can seemingly announce an infatuated chip for these feature phones. however, MediaTek hasn’t mentioned something regarding JioPhone three during this interview. ''' Now its address examines the feature and specification of JioPhone 3

JioPhone 3

Design and show

JioPhone three is Associate in Nursing entry-level smartphone from a reliance company.JioPhone three features a touchscreen interface with a full plastic body, however, this new phone has thick bezels. Reliance companies even have introduced fingerprint devices in it. it's a 5-inch HD screen show with 720 x 1280 pixels and also the panel is in 16:9 aspected quantitative relation.JioPhone three is alleged to be high-powered by a MediaTek processor

Operating system and Processor

JioPhone three smartphone runs on the golem v8.1 (Oreo) software package, high-powered by Quad-core and features a one.4 GHz processor. it's a pair of GB RAM and sixty-four GB internal storage that is upgraded by the corporate as JioPhone a pair of has 512 MB RAM and four GB internal storage. Even the corporate has provided a microSD card slot for storage enlargement.

Camera

JioPhone three offers you five MP main camera on the rear and a couple of MP device camera on the front with options like Digital Zoom. It doesn’t support sound attractive for selfie aficionados.

Battery, property, and software system

JioPhone three comes with a 2800 mAh battery. The phone work on Jio’s 4G VoLTE network. It conjointly supports alternative property like Wi-Fi, A-GPS (Assisted GPS), Bluetooth and a lot of. With improved specs, the Jio Phone three ditches the KaiOS in favor of golem Go.

title: User:Ishikarawat9999/sandbox


text:
Talk:Iceboat

Untitled
DN is actually one of the smallest (and cheapest) classes (60sqft sail vs 350 sqft sail in Class A) and it is not as fast as claimed in article.

The article on Malcolm Campbell says:

"He set his final land speed record at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah on September 3, 1935, and was the first person to drive an automobile over 300 miles per hour (301.337 mph)."

This one says:

"The stern-steerer "Debutaunte," currently being rebuilt, was holder of the official land speed record for any vehicle when she was timed over a measured mile at 143 miles per hour on the ice of Lake Winnebago WI in 1938."

Someone is off by 301-143=158 mph or so and it isn't the Campbell one.

Henry H. Henry H. 04:41, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

articles to combine?
Ice yachting and this one, should they be combined? --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:58, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

Yes, they should be combined. The Ice yachting article contains some very early iceboat history and would fit nicely before this article, however some checks need to made to avoid redundancy. The resulting article could use some serious editing and additional references (or deletions). Paulg-dn (talk) 21:43, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

I believe Monotype XV is definately worth mentioning - http://www.monotype-xv.org/info/Monotype-XV.htm —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:54, 18 February 2009 (UTC)

Boat speeds
The DN is by far the biggest iceboat class (in terms of number of members), and is faster than the article originally claimed. I've updated the speed claims, with references to speed measurements made by Bob Dill, current world land speed record holder. Bob is very well versed in making accurate speed measurements that are verifiable.

Modern DN speeds are higher than when Bob was making his measurements as the boats are continually being refined. Many DN sailors have entered what is affectionately called the "60 MPH club", and speeds over 70 mph have been measured on the race course using hand-held GPS (unfortunately not calibrated GPS like Bob Dill uses).

Paulg-dn (talk) 21:36, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Ice boat. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110309200937/http://www.iceboat.org/faqiceboat.html to http://iceboat.org/faqiceboat.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 06:27, 11 November 2017 (UTC)

Ice yachting
, thank you for your interest in this article. Take a look a the article, Ice yachting, which has a lot of overlapping material. Perhaps the scope of this article should be about the sailing craft and the scope of the other article should be about the practice of ice yachting. What do you suggest? HopsonRoad (talk) 00:46, 11 April 2020 (UTC)

The discussion, above, suggests that the two articles should be combined. I agree. They should also be moved to "Iceboat", per the discussion below, in my opinion. HopsonRoad (talk) 15:39, 12 April 2020 (UTC)

Propose to move to "Iceboat" and merge with "Ice yachting"
Searching on "ice boat definition", the only site that uses "ice boat" is this article. It's the only place that I've ever seen it spelled this way. I propose to move the article to "Iceboat". HopsonRoad (talk) 23:23, 11 April 2020 (UTC)

Also plan to merge with Ice yachting per discussion at Talk:Ice yachting. Cheers, HopsonRoad (talk) 17:10, 12 April 2020 (UTC)

Help for move
Per the discussion, above, the proposed move of Ice boat to Iceboat appears to be uncontroversial. However, Iceboat is already a redirect to this article so this move is beyond my capability. Once the move is accomplished, I can do the mopping up to direct other articles to the new title. HopsonRoad (talk) 23:51, 17 April 2020 (UTC)
 * I have tagged the redirect with WP:G6, which should allow this article to be moved. - - Rich T|C|E-Mail 00:12, 18 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks! Does that mean that an administrator will do the first steps, or is it up to me to follow Moving a page? Cheers, HopsonRoad (talk) 00:28, 18 April 2020 (UTC)
 * An administrator will delete the redirect which should allow you to do the page move per the article you linked :) - - Rich T|C|E-Mail 00:30, 18 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Article has been moved successfully for you - - Rich T|C|E-Mail 11:38, 18 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Iceboat


text:
Talk:List of introduced fish in Sri Lanka

Brackishwater and Introduced?
I'm confused by the content of this page. Does it list fish that are both brackishwater and introduced (not native to Sri Lanka)? Or does it list both non-native fish and brackishwater fish? If so, which ones are which? I think this would also be confusing for many readers. --HighFlyingFish (talk) 03:24, 24 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I agree, this is pretty confusing. Maybe split the page into two? - ක - (talk) 09:11, 30 October 2017 (UTC)
 * The list includes both native brackish water and non-native (introduced) fresh+brackish water. Why these completely different groups should be included in 1 list is entirely unclear to me. I suggest splitting (and/or deleting native brackish water?), but the current random combination is untenable. Of note that the current list of native brackish water (all sections before Cypriniformes) is highly incomplete, only listing a small percentage of the species in this habitat. In contrast, the introduced fresh+brackish water (Cypriniformes and following sections) is reasonably complete, even if it also lacks a few species (e.g., Clarias cf. batrachus) and a few of those already listed do not appear to have been able to fully establish themselves in SL. RN1970 (talk) 01:32, 7 November 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 03:52, 27 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Cirrhinus cirrhosus.jpg


text:
milyen

Etymology
From the pronoun, patterned after the pronouns ,. Its form may have been influenced also by the interrogative pronoun. Its original form was probably, this is perhaps +. First attested in 1748.

Pronoun

 * 1)  what?, what kind of?
 * 2)  what … like?
 * 3)  to what extent?, how?, how much?
 * 4) what (a) …!
 * 1)  what … like?
 * 2)  to what extent?, how?, how much?
 * 3) what (a) …!
 * 1)  to what extent?, how?, how much?
 * 2) what (a) …!
 * 1) what (a) …!
 * 1) what (a) …!
 * 1) what (a) …!

title: milyen


text:
My Body Back

The My Body Back Project was set up in London by Pavan Amara in August 2014. First intended as a website and support network for survivors of sexual assault, it has expanded its scope into first a sexual health clinic and then other projects such as a maternity clinic, a photography project and various workshops.

Foundation
Having survived a sexual assault in her teens, Pavan Amara realised in her twenties she was having trouble accessing healthcare and when she spoke to other women she realised many people had issues resulting from trauma. She therefore decided to set up the My Body Back Project in August 2014. She intended it to provide a website which could be useful for survivors of sexual assault and also a support network. She also wanted it to help medical professionals help survivors better. My Body Back became a group which would provide healthcare and also sex and relationship support groups aimed specifically at women and trans people who have survived sexual assault. It is a non-profit organisation. Amara wanted to provide physical and practical resources.

Clinic
After one year, the project set up a clinic intended for survivors of sexual assault. It was the first of its kind in the world. The clinic was funded by the National Health Service (NHS) and located at St Bartholomew's Hospital in London. The clinic provided testing for sexually transmitted infections, cervical screening and birth control advice.

The clinic opened a branch in Glasgow in 2018. The project was funded by the Scottish Government. It was to be run by NHS doctors, nurses, counsellors, administrators and volunteers from Rape Crisis Scotland who had been trained by members of the London clinic.

Maternity clinic
Having heard from women that they would like to have a maternity clinic set up exclusively for survivors of sexual assault, My Body Back set up the UK's first such clinic in 2016 together with Barts Health NHS Trust. It was established at the Royal London Hospital. Amara commented that "a number of the women told me how isolated they felt throughout pregnancy and labour and how it had triggered them into remembering their experience of being raped."

Women at the clinic could attend antenatal classes, have gynaecological examinations, and receive psychological support from trained staff, such as midwives, pediatricians and psychologists. The users also had access to self-test kits to avoid being touched. This was helpful since sometimes women being examined were being unintentionally put into positions or situations which brought back the trauma of assault. Amara runs the clinic alongside gynaecologist and obstetrician Dr Rehan Khan and consultant midwife Inderjeet Kaur. On the topic of why nobody had set up such a clinic before, Amara commented "I really don't think it's the fault of health workers, because everybody's been wonderful helping me do this."

Other projects
My Body Back began a photography project with photographer Rankin in 2016, focused upon aiding women recover from sexual assault. Rankin took extreme close-up shots of temporary tattoos on the women's skin which gave messages of strength and solidarity such as 'Nobody is entitled to my body but me'. Rankin commented "I was truly moved by this project and humbled to be involved. The sheer strength of these women, after what they have been through, left me speechless."

'Notes of Love' was a project in which people write anonymous messages to survivors of sexual assault, which are then distributed by Rape Crisis England and Wales. Amara invited students from 20 universities to participate in the project. Another project was Café V, a regular Saturday morning meeting in a sex shop in Shoreditch, East London, where women could discuss how to enjoy sexual intercourse again after experiencing rape. The café was trans-inclusive.

The Clit List is a pornography resource for survivors of sexual assault. It aims to provide detailed reviews of pornographic films, so that people can decide if they want to watch them or not without triggering.

title: My Body Back


text:
Talk:Donald Murray (judge)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 05:57, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Donald Murray (judge)


text:
Nephopterix ardesiifascia

Nephopterix ardesiifascia is a species of snout moth in the genus Nephopterix. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1915. It is found in Algeria.

title: Nephopterix ardesiifascia


text:
Talk:Cyril Martin (British Army officer)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Walter Anderson (GC) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 19:17, 11 July 2018 (UTC)


text:
Kunthi Puthra

Kunthi Puthra is a 1994 Indian Kannada-language film, directed and produced by Vijay. Cinematography by T. Surendra Reddy. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Shashikumar, Sonakshi and Rajanand in lead roles. This was the debut movie of actress Sonakshi. The film had musical score by Vijayanand.

Plot
Surya is a gangster who works for a gang leader. Surya is very obedient for his Master. One day his Master gave him task to save a girl named Mala from Brothel.

Cast

 * Vishnuvardhan as Surya / Ravi
 * Shashikumar as Chandru
 * Sonakshi as Mala
 * Rajanand
 * Mukhyamantri Chandru
 * Sudheer
 * Ramesh Bhat
 * M. S. Umesh
 * Pandari Bai
 * Rekha Prakash
 * Kalashree
 * Rathnakar
 * Dingri Nagaraj
 * Sihikahi Chandru
 * B. K. Shankar
 * Mandeep Roy
 * M. S. Karanth
 * Chikkanna
 * Srishailan
 * Ramanand
 * Master Anand

Music
Soundtrack was composed by Vijayanand
 * "Amma Yennalu" - S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
 * "Dinga Danga Dinga" - Manjula Gururaj
 * "Ee Prema" - S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
 * "Ee Prema Patho" - S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
 * "Nammura Siridevi" - S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
 * "Pappi Kode" - S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra

title: Kunthi Puthra


text:
User:Nanolove

Basic Profile:

Future Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Graduate Student, University of Florida

Aerospace and Materials Engineering Student, Auburn University

Interests and Specialties: Technical: Structures, Materials, UAV/MAV/UAS Controls and Design, Information Organization, Non-Technical: Spirituality, Christianity, Learning, Relationships

Experience: Beginner Wikipedia/Wikiversity Editor

"Apathy and inactivity are a result of an inability or unwillingness to see all the variables, although a trusting faith either waits patiently or acts boldly without knowing all of them. Get going!"

--Nanolove 19:42, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

title: User:Nanolove


text:
Talk:St Edmund Church, Godalming

A note on two references...
Regarding http://taking-stock.org.uk/Home/Dioceses/Diocese-of-Arundel-and-Brighton/Godalming-St-Edmund-King-and-Martyr: although the publication year and authorship details are not apparent on the taking-stock.org.uk website, the reports are copies of PDF reports which were originally hosted on the Diocese of Arundel and Brighton's website and which did show these details (Teresa Sladen and Nick Antram, 2005). The A&B website has recently been revamped and the PDFs have disappeared, so I have used this website instead. Hassocks 5489 (Floreat Hova!)  12:48, 2 October 2015 (UTC)
 * And another one: the reference labelled "Planning for Parishes 2010 (Report)" was also originally on the A&B website but has recently gone walkabout. I have cited it from a PDF copy I had downloaded.  The report was originally published in the A&B News March 2006 edition, so printed copies of it do exist as well.  Hopefully it might reappear on the website at some point.   Hassocks  5489 (Floreat Hova!)  15:29, 2 October 2015 (UTC)
 * Found an archived copy online. Ref template has been changed accordingly:  Hassocks 5489 (Floreat Hova!)  22:16, 5 March 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:St Edmund Church, Godalming


text:
Kuzume Naoyuki

Naoyuki Kuzume (葛目 直幸) was a colonel in the Imperial Japanese Army.

Biography
Naoyuki Kuzume was the commander of defenses on the island of Biak, near the Japanese-held bases in Papua New Guinea. He led the IJA 22nd Infantry Regiment, over 3,400 troops. He made a desperate defense of the island, covering it with pillboxes, bunkers, and spider holes. Nevertheless, the US troops were able to successfully fight their way to the east caves. On June 28, Kuzume decided to commit seppuku, the ritual suicide, since the Japanese had little chance of victory. He was posthumously promoted as lieutenant general.

title: Kuzume Naoyuki


text:
Sphenomorphus jobiensis

Sphenomorphus jobiensis is a species of skink. It is found in New Guinea, the Admiralty Islands, Bismarck Archipelago, and eastern Indonesia (Misool, Salawati, Aru Islands, and Yapen).

Names
It is known as komñ in the Kalam language of Papua New Guinea.

Habitat and behavior
Sphenomorphus jobiensis is a terrestrial skink found in forest habitats. It is a relatively large skink that is fast-moving and difficult to catch, and often bites when handled.

title: Sphenomorphus jobiensis


text:
Vista Outdoor

Vista Outdoor is an American designer, manufacturer, and marketer of outdoor sports and recreation products. It operates in two markets: shooting sports and outdoor products. It is a "house of brands" with more than 40 labels and subsidiaries. It trades under "VSTO" on the New York Stock Exchange.

Vista Outdoor is the parent company to many ammunition makers, including Federal, CCI, and Remington. In October 2023, the company announced that its firearms and ammunition business will be sold off to Czech company Czechoslovak Group for a value of $1.91 billion, pending regulatory approval. Vista's sale to CSG has been protested by senators J. D. Vance, John Kennedy, representative Clay Higgins and National Sheriffs' Association.

History
Alliant Techsystems (ATK), entered the ammunition and outdoor products business in 2001. ATK grew through acquisitions and a large increase in demand for ammunition for police, hunting, and other private uses.

ATK told its regulators in December 2014 that it intended first to merge its defense and satellite businesses with Orbital Sciences, and then spin off its sporting goods and ammunition business as a stand-alone public company to be named Vista Outdoor. Vista Outdoor signed an agreement for a $350 million secured loan with a term of five years and a $400 million revolving line of credit. Proceeds were partially used to pay down debt. ATK and Orbital Sciences filed a joint proxy statement and prospectus describing the share issuance with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2014. The same month, the Department of Justice approved to the merger and spinoff.

ATK spun-off Vista Outdoor after merging with Orbital Sciences and became Orbital ATK on February 9, 2015. Anyone holding ATK common stock at the end of the business day on February 2, 2015, received two shares of Vista Outdoor common stock. Eligible shareholders had their brokerage account credited or received a book-entry account statement reflecting their ownership. Vista Outdoor was thus initially 100% owned by ATK shareholders. Vista Outdoor stock traded on a "when-issued" basis from January 29, 2015, to February 9, 2015. It began "regular way" trading on the New York Stock Exchange on February 10, 2015, under the ticker symbol "VSTO." Shareholders were not required to make any payment or take action of any kind. This transaction was conducted on a tax-free basis. U.S. shareholders generally did not have to recognize a gain or loss for federal tax purposes.

On February 25, 2016, BRG Sports announced its acceptance of a $400-million cash and earn-out deal to sell its "Action Sports" business to Vista Outdoor. Vista gained control of the Bell Sports, Giro, Blackburn, and C-Preme brands.

On May 1, 2018, Vista Outdoor announced that it would consider selling its gun manufacturing subsidiaries and Bell, Giro, Blackburn, and Jimmy Styks, to focus on its core brands for outdoors enthusiasts. Months earlier, Vista announced that it was attempting to sell eyewear brands Bolle, Serengeti, and Cebe. The company said its move out of the firearms business had nothing to do with recent boycotts. CEO Christopher Metz said the move had been planned in advance and that Savage Arms and Stevens would require too much investment to rectify their lack of handguns, which make up half the gun market in the US. Metz said he expects the asset sales to be completed by the 2020 fiscal year. Metz said the company would focus heavily on what it called its "heritage ammunition business."

Vista Outdoor announced on July 9, 2018, that it had reached an agreement with a European private equity fund to sell the Bollé, Cébé and Serengeti eyewear brands.

On July 9, 2019, Vista Outdoor completed the sale of Savage Arms and Stevens Arms for $170 million to a group of investors led by Savage's management. Vista received immediate gross proceeds of $158 million and a $12-million five-year note. Vista said it will use this money, after paying associated taxes, to reduce its debt.

On October 13, 2020, Vista Outdoor acquired certain assets related to Remington Outdoor Company's ammunition and accessories businesses, including Remington's Lonoke, Arkansas, manufacturing facility and the Remington brand and trademarks, for $81.4 million. Vista Outdoor used a combination of approximately $51 million of cash on hand and approximately $30 million from its asset-based revolving credit facility to complete this transaction.

In July 2022, Vista Outdoor announced that it would be acquiring Fox Racing for $540 million. The acquisition is expected to close in the second quarter of 2023. Later, Vista Outdoor also announced its intent to split into different companies with new names and stock symbol; One company will focus on sporting goods while the other will focus on ammunition and firearms accessories.

After the resignation of Chris Metz in early 2023, Vista Outdoor board member Gary McArthur was named interim CEO.

Financial results
On January 11, 2017, Vista Outdoor disclosed that it expected to record "a material asset impairment charge in its hunting and shooting accessories reporting unit" for the third quarter of its fiscal year 2017. Vista reported that "the Company's preliminary analysis indicates the impairment charge will be in the range of $400 million to $450 million."

For fiscal year 2019, Vista Outdoor had sales of $2.1 billion. It lost $648 million. Vista reduced its debt load from $738 million to $581 million due to its sale of Savage Arms.

Response to the 2022 invasion of Ukraine
Responding to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's call for ammunition after Russia invaded Ukraine, Vista Outdoor, supplier of ammunition to Ukraine's military since 2015, pledged to donate 1 million rounds of small-caliber ammunition to the country's armed forces. Vista's ammunition companies Federal and Remington also started selling T-shirts on their websites to raise money for Ukrainian refugees.

Brands and subsidiaries
Many of Vista's brands are associated with shooting and hunting. The company also makes gear for camping, hiking, skiing, and biking such as flashlights, headlamps, lanterns, helmets, goggles, GPS locators, etc. As of 2019, Vista Outdoor earned about 50% of its profits from businesses units related to shooting sports, such as ammunition makers Federal Premium and CCI.

Bushnell
Also known as Bushnell Outdoor Products, Bushnell specializes in optics. Its products include binoculars, spotting scopes, telescopes, night vision equipment, GPS devices, laser rangefinders, riflescopes, holographic weapon sights, game cameras, and other high-end optical equipment.

David P. Bushnell founded Bushnell Corporation in 1948 during his service in Allied-occupied Japan. In 1999, private equity firm Windpoint Partners acquired Bushnell. In 2007, Bushnell was acquired by MidOcean Partners, another private equity firm, in a leveraged buyout. In 2008, Bushnell acquired the assets of Simmons Outdoor Corporation from Meade Instruments. ATK announced its acquisition of Bushnell on September 5, 2013, for $985 million in cash, subject to post-closing adjustments.

CCI
Cascade Cartridge, usually called CCI Ammunition, is based in Lewiston, Idaho. Initially, CCI made centerfire primers for government use. As of March 2015, it mainly manufactures rimfire ammunition but also makes centerfire handgun ammunition, primers for reloading and industrial purposes, and shotgun shells.

CCI was founded in 1951 by Dick Speer, brother of Speer Bullets founder Vernon Speer. CCI was previously known as the Speer Ammunition Company.

Federal Premium
Federal Cartridge, usually styled Federal Premium, is located in Anoka, Minnesota where it employs roughly 1,000 workers. It was founded in 1922 by Charles L. Horn. Federal Premium manufactures finished shotshell, centerfire, and rimfire ammunition, as well as bullets, primers, and shell casings. Federal Premium introduced its Hydra-Shok line of handgun ammunition in 1988 after the FBI requested a bullet with better terminal ballistics than traditional cup-and-core projectiles. Federal Premium manages Vista Outdoor's relationship with the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant.

Jimmy Styks
Kyle Reeves and Jeremy Wilkens founded Jimmy Styks in 2009 in Huntington Beach, California. In July 2015, Vista Outdoor announced its intent to purchase Jimmy Styks for $40 million upfront with additional payments to the founders, who are staying with the company, triggered by meeting financial targets over the next three years. Jimmy Styks makes stand-up paddleboards and accessories. Vista Outdoor will integrate Jimmy Styks into its outdoor products division. This purchase price was a multiple of about 5.5 times the expected 2015 calendar year EBITDA.

In January 2016, Vista Outdoor announced that it would use its relationships with retailers to expand the number of stores that offer Jimmy Styks products.

Alliant Powder
Vista Outdoor's Alliant Powder division makes smokeless gunpowder.

Remington Ammunition
Remington Ammunition was formed after Vista Outdoor acquired the Remington brand and ammunition facility in Lonoke, Arkansas, in the now defunct Remington Outdoor Company's bankruptcy auction. Notably, the firearm side of Remington Outdoor Company was not purchased by Vista Outdoor; much of it (excluding Marlin Firearms) was reorganized into RemArms, LLC. RemArms operates Remington Firearms, licensing use of the Remington brand name from Vista Outdoor.

After shutting down due to Remington's bankruptcy, the Lonoke ammunition plant was retooled in early 2021, ramping up production and running around-the-clock. The company doubled the number of workers at Lonoke, employing over 900 people.

Camp Chef
Vista Outdoor announced the acquisition of Camp Chef in September 2016. They offer various products including camp stoves, barbecue grills, pellet grills, smokers, fire pits. Vista Outdoor paid a purchase price of $74 million (excluding tax effects), with $60 million in cash paid at closing and $14 million in an earn-out. The effective multiple of the transaction was approximately 6.4x Camp Chef's expected calendar year 2016 EBITDA.

Foresight Sports
In May 2022, Vista Outdoor announced the acquisition of launch monitor and golf simulator manufacturer Foresight Sports. The acquisition valued at $475 million is aimed to aid Vista's Bushnell brand in expanding into new segments.

Fox Racing
In July 2022, Vista Outdoor bought Fox Racing for $540 million. This amount could be increased by $50 million through an earn-out. Fox Racing CEO Jeffrey McGuane will continue in his position following the merger. Fox Racing makes apparel and accessories for mountain biking, motocross, and BMX.

Simms Fishing Products
In July 2022, Vista Outdoor announced the acquisition of Simms Fishing Products for $192.5 million. Simms makes waders and other fishing equipment. Simms is based in Bozeman, Montana. In early 2023, Vista Outdoor appointed Derek Tarlecki President of Simms Fishing Products.

QuietKat
QuietKat is a manufacturer of electric bicycles. Vista Outdoor acquired QuietKat in May 2021. The company is famous for a Super Bowl advertisement featuring a Jeep-branded electric bike.

Christopher Metz
Metz was named CEO of Vista Outdoor on October 9, 2017. He is responsible for Vista Outdoor's and its subsidiaries' daily operations. Metz is also a managing partner at Kellwood Company. He served as the CEO and president of Arctic Cat from 2014 to 2017. Metz was the managing director of Sun Capital Partners from 2005 until 2014. Metz worked for Black & Decker from 1992 until 2005, where he held numerous positions in senior management. Metz holds an undergraduate degree from the University of Delaware and an MBA from the Kenan-Flagler Business School at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Vista Outdoor's debt was over $1 billion when Metz was hired in 2017. As of December 2019, that debt has been reduced to $562 million. A large portion of this debt reduction is attributable to selling Savage Arms and other subsidiaries. Metz moved Vista Outdoor's headquarters back to Minnesota to cut costs but also to take advantage of what it sees as a favorable business environment in Minnesota.

Metz resigned in early 2023 after Vista Outdoor's board of directors expressed a loss of confidence in his leadership.

Mark W. DeYoung
Mark W. DeYoung was Vista Outdoor's first chairman and CEO. DeYoung retired from Vista Outdoor in July 2017. Independent board member Michael Callahan was acting as interim CEO and chairman as of the same date.

Before heading Vista Outdoor, DeYoung was president and CEO of Alliant Techsystems (ATK) from 2010 to 2015. During his tenure, ATK completed acquisitions of Savage Arms and Bushnell. In 2015, DeYoung led the transaction that spun-off ATK's sporting goods business to create Vista Outdoor and merged ATK's aerospace and defense units with Orbital Sciences forming Orbital ATK. DeYoung previously headed ATK's Armament Systems group, the company's largest business. Under DeYoung, this unit expanded into new markets and increased its revenue from $600 million in fiscal year 2003 to $2.1 billion in fiscal year 2010.

DeYoung started his career with Hercules Aerospace in Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1985. He held numerous management positions at Hercules in its solid rocket motor and composite structures businesses. After ATK acquired Hercules in 1995, DeYoung continued to advance and held roles in finance, operations, composite structures, human resources, and munitions. DeYoung earned an undergraduate degree in business at Weber State University, in Ogden, Utah. He holds an MBA from Westminster College in Salt Lake City, Utah where he taught management and finance and was named "Adjunct Professor of the Year." DeYoung is also a member of Orbital ATK's board of directors.

Under DeYoung, Vista Outdoor took on about $1 billion of debt to finance a series of acquisitions. Many of the companies that were acquired started encountering problems after post-acquisition departures of their founders and senior executives.

Operations
Vista Outdoor has about 5,800 employees worldwide, with 4,000 in the United States. The company has manufacturing and support facilities spread over 11 American. states, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Canada. It has overseas sales and sourcing operations in Mexico, Canada, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Asia. For example, 1,200 of Vista Outdoor's employees staff an ammunition factory in Lewiston, Idaho.

In June 2015, Vista announced that it would build its new corporate headquarters at Station Park in Farmington City, Utah. As of June 2015, construction was expected to begin during the summer of the same year, with completion expected in the middle of 2016. Station Park is a mixed-use development next to a commuter rail station.

The company's headquarters were moved to Utah after they applied for and received targeted tax credits from the Utah state government. In its application, Vista Outdoor said it would invest about $10 million in a new facility where about 90 highly-paid employees would work. Counting medical benefits, these employees would be paid about $125 million over seven years. Utah economic development officials expected about $6.7 million in new tax revenue from the project over this period.

In January 2016, Vista opened a factory in American Fork, Utah to manufacture Gold Tip and Bee Stinger archery products. The new factory is significantly larger than the facility it replaced. The additional space is used for research and development, improved production processes, and better employee amenities.

Vista opened a $35-million ammunition plant in Lewiston, Idaho, in 2017. As of February 2019, Vista employed about 1,135 people in Lewiston. Employment at Vista's Lewiston factory peaked at 1,500 in 2016. Since then, Vista has been reducing its headcount to save costs. This is necessary due to the sharp drop in ammunition sales that followed the election of President Donald Trump. In January 2019, the company asked workers to volunteer for early retirement, but only 20 workers in Lewiston accepted Vista's offer.

In November 2018, Vista closed its corporate headquarters in Farmington, Utah in order to reduce costs. Vista Outdoor relocated its headquarters to Anoka, Minnesota, near its ammunition factory there.

Vista Outdoor announced that Bozeman, Montana will be the location of its headquarters for outdoor products. Gallatin County will be a major focus of development.

2018 boycott
As part of the 2018 NRA boycott, activists asked retailers to stop selling all Vista Outdoor products over the company's support of the National Rifle Association of America and manufacturing of assault weapons. Some bicycle shops in Oregon stopped selling Vista Outdoor products. Some cancelled orders or returned stock.

Mountain Equipment Co-op (MEC), with 22 stores across Canada, was pressured by their members to stop selling Vista Outdoor products because it supports the NRA. MEC carries camping and bike gear from Vista Outdoor. MEC stopped orders from Vista Outdoor.

Recreational Equipment, Inc. (REI) stopped ordering Vista Outdoor products due to Vista's lack of action on reducing gun violence. REI lifted its ban on Vista Outdoor products and started carrying them again in September 2019. REI is one of Vista Outdoor's largest customers.

Running Room, a 122-store Canadian chain, canceled pending orders and stopped buying CamelBak products but sold remaining stock. They cited customer support for dropping the brand and said their health and fitness focus was incompatible with guns.

title: Vista Outdoor


text:
Talk:Crons

Argument for deletion of CRONS page
To whom it may concern: I saw that this page has been the subject of a discussion for deletion in 2016. Is there a way to restart the discussion and actually get the page deleted? The CRONS brand is under the umbrella of a new company which has absorbed the brand and rebranded into a separate entity, Come Ready Nutrition. The information on this page is no longer relevant. Here is a 2014 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette article detailing the beginning of the transition away from the apparel company, CRONS, and into the protein food and beverage company, Come Ready Nutrition. If you visit the official Ready Nutrition website, you can see that it is exclusively selling high-protein snacks and beverages under that brand name at this time ```` — Preceding unsigned comment added by Aqrosenzweig (talk • contribs) 19:12, 16 August 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Crons


text:
User:KnittingAndBooks

Hello, I am Carolina. I am a bisexual woman. I work on bisexual articles, feminism/female empowerment, pop-culture, and fixing grammar. I joined in August of 2020. My favorite book is Harry Potter, and my favorite show is Parks and Rec. I am a feminist and left leaning. I live in Hannibal, and I work as a cashier. My favorite color is pink. Also, I have a cat named Sherlock Holmes.

title: User:KnittingAndBooks


text:
User:Vegowong5188

Vegowong5188
I'm a Translation Studies MSc student at the University of Edinburgh.

My example citation
I read an interesting story on the BBC News site about North Korea and Donald Trump.

My example lists
Things I like:
 * translating poems and literary works
 * writing
 * singing

title: User:Vegowong5188


text:
Radiation Oncology/Melanoma

Melanoma

Cutaneous Melanoma
 * Staging
 * Official Guidelines
 * Overview
 * Radiobiology
 * Management of the primary site
 * Management of draining lymphatics
 * Unknown Primary
 * Hyperthermia in Melanoma
 * Metastatic Melanoma
 * Randomized Evidence
 * RTOG Trials

Mucosal Melanoma
 * Mucosal Melanoma

Ocular Melanoma
 * Ocular Melanoma

title: Radiation Oncology/Melanoma


text:
User:Memeisded/sandbox

Mmeme

Thsi is werer tyh memz live and they liva lif and it is gfun ND HAS NO GOOD TIMESA AN done ti it is dddeeeeedddd

title: User:Memeisded/sandbox


text:
User:Chris Rojas

About Me
I lived in the Sacramento Region all of my life. I've traveled outside of the US once (a 2.5 week trip to London, Paris, and Rome. I love to get outdoors and hate to be anywhere incredibly boring.

School Life
I'm a student at Sierra College in Rocklin, CA. I've taken survey classes in Philosophy, Human Development, Teaching, Nutrition, Political Science (although this one is required), Astronomy, Law, Marketing, Sociology, and anything else that would fall under "the works", and have finally decided to stick with Business Admin (Marketing), then go for a masters in Sociology, or get into Law. I'm currently reading Wikinomics! I believe that Wikinomics is a book everyone should read and own, because it lays a foundation for the New America. We are a Representative Democracy, not a Democratic Monarchy. The politician needs to be redefined as a Marketing Major. I have just finished the Perfect Storm chapter in the book, and agree with everything it says. Change is "a-comin."

Current Classes

 * Law and Society
 * Small Business Management
 * Math D
 * Astronomy 10
 * I'm thinking about ways to take notes for each of my classes and then post them in hopes of eventually creating an accurate reference for all students in those classes. Does anyone have any recommendations for this?

Snowboarding
I've just started learning how to snowboard. I've been up to Northstar at Tahoe twice this season, and each time I've almost killed myself and everyone around me. I have a M3 Discord board with F2 Spyro bindings, and have yet to name it. Any ideas?

title: User:Chris Rojas


text:
Shumuling station

Shumuling station is an interchange station for Line 4 and Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan intercity railway of the Changsha subway.

China Railway
Shumuling station is a railway station in Yuhua District, Changsha, Hunan, China, operated by CR Guangzhou. It opened its services on 26 December 2016. Shumuling station offers interchange to the Changsha Metro Line 4.

Changsha Metro
Shumuling station is a subway station in Yuhua District, Changsha, Hunan, China, operated by the Changsha subway operator Changsha Metro.

Station layout
The station has one island platform.

History
The station was completed in September 2017. The station opened on 26 May 2019.

Surrounding area

 * Shumuling School
 * Ziranling School
 * Hunan Industrial and Trade School
 * Changsha Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Bureau

title: Shumuling station


text:
yüzyıl

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) century 100 years

Usage notes
Yüz yıl, with a space in between, means "one hundred years" exclusively; while yüzyıl means "century", that is, the time frame made up of a hundred years.

title: yüzyıl