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User:Onyouj/sandbox

= Low valent magnesium compounds = A number of stable low valent magnesium compounds containing a metal-metal, Mg-Mg, bond, where magnesium exhibits the formal oxidation state of +1 are known. These compounds generally have the formula L2Mg2, where L represents a bulky ligand.

The preparation of the first compounds made involved the reduction of MgII iodine complexes with potassium metal and the bulky ligands were:

Both examples have the formula L2Mg2, where L represents the bulky anionic bidentate ligand.

History
The first examples of these stable magnesium(I) compounds were reported in 2007. The chemistry of Mg is dominated by the +2 oxidation state and prior to 2007 only examples of crystalline compounds with short Mg-Mg distances that may indicate an Mg-Mg bond were known, such as the ternary metal hydrides Mg2RuH4, Mg3RuH3, and Mg4IrH5 and magnesium diboride, Calculations had also indicated the stability of the Mg22+ cation

Before the first stable low valent Mg compound was discovered, many metal complexes with the metal oxidation state of 1 were reported in the form of LMIMIL, where M is the metal and L is a bulky ligand. In 2004, evidence for the first Zn(I) complex was presented by the crystal structure of (η5-C5H5)ZnZn(η5-C5H5), a decamethyldizincocene. The two metal centers are presumed to behave similarly to other group 12 elements such as Hg22+ or Cd22+. A year later, the synthesis and structure of a stable Cr(I) complex ArCrCrAr with a quintuple bond between two Cr(I) centers was reported, where the ligand Ar is C6H3-2,6(C6H3-2,6-Pri2)2Pri.

The discovery of such compounds influenced computational chemists to explore the possibility of LMIMIL compounds with s-block metals as M. Xie et al. studied dimetallocene of group 2 metals and found by density functional theory (DFT) calculations that CpMgMgCp adopts a D5h structure, and the Mg-Mg bond distance is 2.77 Å. This work was expanded later to study multimetallocenes (CpMnCp where n = 2-5) including magnesocenes. Westerhausen et al. reported a theoretical study of diaryl dicalcium(I) compound, where the Ca-Ca bond is suggested by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis to be dominated by 4s orbital interaction with a minor p orbital interaction, and analogous Mg compounds can be expected to behave in a similar way. Taken together, these studies suggested that the synthesis of stable group 2 MI, and more specifically, Mg(I) compounds should be possible under the appropriate conditions.

Subsequently, evidence for Mg(I)-Mg(I) bonds was reported. In an experiment where laser-ablated Mg metals was allowed to react with H2, various forms of magnesium hydrides including Mg2H2 were detected by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Additionally, it was shown by computations that the formation of Grignard reagent may proceed through CH3Mg2X, where X is a halide. CH3Mg2X is predicted to have comparable stability to CH3MgX, and the Mg-Mg bond strong. A stable PhMg4X cluster compound has been studied by mass spectrometry, but its structure remains unknown. In 2007, Green and coworkers reported a seminal work on the first stable Mg(I) compounds. These compounds are in the form of LMgIMgIL where L is either [(Ar)NC(NPri2)N(Ar)]– (priso) or {[(Ar)NC(Me)]2CH}– (nacnac). Both examples have the formula L2Mg2, where L represents the bulky anionic bidentate ligand. Bulky ligands L were used to protect the compounds from disproportionation. These compounds were synthesized by reduction of [(Priso)Mg(μ-I)2Mg(OEt2)(Priso)] or [MgI(OEt2)(Nacnac)] by excess potassium in toluene. Proposed structure is consistent with X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MS).
 * a guanidinate, "priso", [(Ar)NC(NPri2)N(Ar)]−  where Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl and Pri = isopropyl
 * a ketiminate, "nacnac", {[(Ar)NC(Me)]2CH}−,- where Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl and Me = methyl

Since then, a number of Mg(I) dimer compounds containing a Mg-Mg bond has been synthesized, and theoretical studies have been accelerated.

Since then a variety of stable Mg(I) compounds have been prepared, some melting over 200 °C, some colorless, others colored, but all involving very bulky ligands. Also complexes of the LMgMgL with monodentate ligands have been prepared and in these the coordination of the Mg atom increases from three to four. The magnesium(I) dimers have proved to be useful reducing agents, for example in the preparation of tin(I) compounds.

Bonding
[Summary sentence] The bonding of the hypothetical binuclear magnesocene has been investigated by DFT and NBO calculations. Mg-Mg distance is 2.77 Å, indicating interaction between the two metal centers. The Wiberg Mg-Mg bond index is 0.912, agreeing with the bond distance. On the other hand, the Mg-C bond index is 0.069, close to none, which can be explained by ionic interaction. In fact, the natural atomic charge of Mg is 0.957, close to +1.

Green and coworkers’ report on stable LMgMgL (L = priso or nacnac) provided experimental data on the structure of low valent Mg compounds. Based on the crystallographic data, the Mg-Mg bond distance is 2.85 Å, which is slightly longer than the sum of covalent radii (2.72 Å), but shorter than the sum of elemental Mg radii (3.20 Å). The length of the Mg-N bond is in the typical range for such bond in other complexes. The Mg-Mg bond is found to be 93.2% s character by NBO, which is expected since Mg is an s-block element. Similar to the magnesocene example described above, the Mg-N bond is best described as ionic, since the natural charge on Mg is +0.82 and N is -0.97. Thus, the binuclear Mg can be described as a Mg22+ cluster, analogous to the group 12 Hg22+ (present in mercury(I) chloride) and Cd22+ ions (present in cadmium(I) tetrachloroaluminate).

There has been quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis on the bonding properties of Mg-Mg, which revealed a presence of a non-nuclear attractor between two Mg atoms, shown by local maximum of electron density at a bond. Thus, it was proposed that the more accurate model of Mg-Mg bond is two Mg-“pseudo-atom” bonds. The Laplacian, 3s orbital overlap, on the right shows a negative Laplacian value between Mg atoms. There has also been a topological analysis of electron localization function (ELF) of Mg-Mg bonds in N-coordinated Mg ions. The basin population indicates a single covalent bond for Mg-Mg. In agreement with previous studies, NNA and pseudo-basin was found in the Mg-Mg bond. Large polarity index indicates a dative bond.

Reactivity
LMgMgL (L = priso or nacnac) were air and moisture sensitive, although thermally stable, decomposing at over 300 °C. Although one might expect these compounds to be reducing due to the unusual oxidation state of Mg, there was no reaction H2 or N2. There was no evidence of THF coordination at Mg. When CyN=C=NCy (Cy = cyclohexyl) was added to the [(nacnac)Mg]2 compound in toluene, carbodiimide was inserted between Mg-Mg bond, forming a magnesium magnesoamidinate complex.

In many areas of synthetic chemistry, Mg(I) compounds have shown reactivity as two-center, two-electron reducing agents. For example, binuclear Mg(I) compounds can reduce NHC-stabilized GeCl2 to a singlet germanium(0) dimer (:Ge=Ge:) with two dative NHC ligands. Mg(I) compounds can also selectively reduce unsaturated organic substrates such as PhN=NPh and cyclooctatetraene by two electrons. The organic substrate becomes coordinated between two Mg atoms, and this reactivity is not seen with analogous Mg(II) hydride molecules. The selective reduction under mild conditions suggests that Mg(I) can potentially be an alternative to reductands for organic and organometallic substrates such as Sm(II).

β-dikitiminate-stabilized Mg(I) dimers were shown to be hydrogenated when reacted when NHC-stabilized aluminum(III) hydride molecules. The reaction can also be reversed by reacting the hydrogenated Mg compound with potassium metal. The implications of this result is two-fold: An overview of synthesis and types of Mg(I) compounds and their reactivity up to 2011 can be found in a recent review by Stasch et al.
 * 1) Mg(I) compound can potentially be used to store H2 for solar fuel applications, and this reaction could shed light on the mechanism of Mg-H bond formation
 * 2) It provides a new synthetic route to Al2H4 (dialane), which has only been observed in solid hydrogen matrices.

title: User:Onyouj/sandbox


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Ida Sabo

Ida Sabo (Serbian Cyrillic: Ида Сабо) (Pécs, 6 July 1915 – Novi Sad, 2016) was Yugoslavian communist. During World War II, she joined the Slovene Partisans and after the war she held several offices in Vojvodina.

Awards

 * Order of the Hero of Socialist Labour
 * Order of Brotherhood and Unity
 * Order "For Merit to the People"
 * Order of Bravery
 * Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ida Sabo


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User:Perl~enwikibooks/Ellen Foster

 * User:Perl/Ellen Foster/character
 * User:Perl/Ellen Foster/art
 * User:Perl/Ellen Foster/themes
 * User:Perl/Ellen Foster/poem
 * User:Perl/Ellen Foster/timeline
 * User:Perl/Ellen Foster/quotes

title: User:Perl~enwikibooks/Ellen Foster


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User:Alank95

Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Historical rankings of presidents of the United States. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism can result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you.

title: User:Alank95


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Soviet Olympic Committee

The National Olympic Committee of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Национальный Олимпийский комитет Союза Советских Социалистических Республик – НОК СССР) was the government-funded organization representing the Soviet Union in the International Olympic Committee. The NOC USSR organized Soviet participation at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. The International Olympic Committee recognized the NOC USSR on 7 May 1951 at the 45th session of the IOC. Until the 1950s, the Soviet Union boycotted the Olympics because they considered them too "bourgeois". From then on, the country realised the propaganda value the Games possess and joined the Olympic movement.

title: Soviet Olympic Committee


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Audun Rikardsen

Audun Rikardsen (born 1968, Steigen) is a Norwegian biologist and wildlife photographer. He is professor at The Department of Arctic and Marine Biology at University of Tromsø.

Most of his research is related to freshwater and marine ecology and migrations of the Atlantic of anadromous salmonids, marine parasitology, fish-marking and trapping techniques, telemetry, suitability analysis for locations of fish farms, coastal zone and watercourse management, consequence analysis and freshwater fish surveys.

In 2015 he was awarded the Wildlife Photographer of the Year Portfolio Award. In 2016 he was awarded Citizen of Tromsø of the year by a popular jury. In 2019 he won the Research Council of Norway's Award for Excellence in Communication of Science.

title: Audun Rikardsen


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1980–81 Anglo-Scottish Cup

The 1980–81 Anglo-Scottish Cup was the sixth and last edition of the tournament. It was won by Chesterfield, who beat Notts County in a two-legged final by 2–1 on aggregate.

title: 1980–81 Anglo-Scottish Cup


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Talk:List of unmade episodes of The X-Files

External links modified
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:57, 23 May 2017 (UTC)

"Untitled tomb story" possible should be "Tooms"?
The article contains a listing in the "Unspecified season" section which states that during an interview, James Wong said the writers had an episode idea "about tombs" which Fox weren't interested in. If the interview used his spoken words transcribed, is it possible he actually said "Tooms" referring to Eugene Tooms, a villain character from the show? Is there any way to verify this? — Preceding unsigned comment added by BakedEel (talk • contribs) 20:03, 6 May 2021 (UTC)


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ausente

Etymology
From.

Adjective

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Etymology
From.

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Adjective

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Etymology 1
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Adjective

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title: ausente


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Adam Magyar

Adam Magyar (born 1972) is a photographer and video artist.

Life and work
Adam Magyar was born in Hungary in 1972. He began taking pictures in his late twenties, when he started wandering Asian cities capturing their street life in images of Indian street vendors, wandering holy men, and students in an exclusive Himalayan school. Obsessed with finding innovative new uses for digital technology, Magyar's work quickly evolved from conventional documentary photography to the radically experimental and surreal.

Among Magyar's numerous inventions is a way to insert motion into still images. In his attempt to comprehend the interface of time's infinite flow in the world's modern metropolises, he has developed techniques to capture, on a single visual plane, disjointed, fragmented images of parts of an individual or group on a crowded street. A theme that recurs throughout much of his body of work is based on interlinking yet distinct ideas and techniques that aid us to see the inherent beauty found in the everyday. His unique vision and technical abilities has inevitably led him to modify and even develop his own hardware and software. In his Urban Flow and Stainless works he uses the slit-scan photography technique, known also for use in photo finish cameras, as well as in other, often industrial, techniques. He uses a high-speed camera in his video series entitled Stainless, in which he captures at extremely high speeds densely populated urban areas. Magyar's work fuses the objective, even mathematical reality with the purely subjective, creating a unique fusion of technology and art.

Magyar spoke at several image festivals and conferences including TEDSalon Berlin, Bits of Knowledge, Adam Magyar: Photographing the Unfolding of Daily Life, Admiralspalast, Berlin, Germany (2014), TEDxGateway, Adam Magyar, Mumbai, India (2014), PopTech: Pop Casts, Adam Magyar: Photos of Time, Camden, ME (2013)

Solo exhibitions

 * 2024 Stainless, - The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, USA
 * 2024 Matter, - Eskenazi Museum of Art, Bloomington, USA

 * 2023 Matter, - ToBe Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

 * 2022 Urban Times, - Stephen Bulger Gallery, Toronto, Canada

 * 2019 Midnight Moment - Times Square Arts, New York, NY
 * 2019 Stainless, Museo Casa Grande, Hidalgo, Mexico

 * 2018 Stainless, B24 Gallery, Debrecen, Hungary

 * 2017 Stainless, Alexanderplatz, 3 channel video installation, Museum of Fine Arts Houston, Houston, TX

 * 2015 Kontinuum, Julie Saul Gallery, New York, NY

 * 2013 Kontinuum, Opiom Gallery, Opio, France
 * 2013 Kontinuum, Griffin Museum of Photography, Winchester, MA
 * 2013 Kontinuum, Houston Center for Photography, Houston, TX
 * 2013 Kontinuum, Light Work, Syracuse, NY

 * 2012 Kontinuum, Faur Zsófi Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

 * 2011 Underworld, BSA @ CHB, Berlin, Germany
 * 2011 Beyond Perspective, Karin Weber Gallery, Hong Kong

 * 2006 Comearound, Retorta Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

 * 2005 TaxiJam, Miro Photo Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

 * 2002 Kashi Vishwanath Express, Miro Photo Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

Group exhibitions

 * 2019 Preparing for darkness #vol3, Selected artists @ Kühlhaus, Berlin
 * 2019 Al Obour, Saudi Art Council, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

 * 2018 L’équipe du Festival Locomotion, Nancy, France
 * 2018 Preparing for darkness #vol2, Selected artists @ Kühlhaus, Berlin
 * 2018 Polylux, Mecklenburgisches Künstlerhaus Schloss Plüschow, Germany
 * 2018 Preparing for darkness, Selected artists at Kühlhaus, Berlin

 * 2017 Immanence, Pictura, Groningen, Netherlands
 * 2017 Accentuated Reality, Faur Zsofi Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

 * 2016 Envisioning the Future!, Saitama Triennale 2016, Japan
 * 2016 Impact: Abstractions and Experiment in Hungarian Photography, Alma, New York, NY
 * 2016 Infinite Pause: Photography and Time, Museum of Fine Arts Houston, TX
 * 2016 Langoureusement, Association Light Matter, Metz, France
 * 2016 Photography and Film Constructs, Ringling College Willis Smith Gallery, Sarasota, FL

 * 2015 Laps, La Carreau de Cergy, Cergy, France
 * 2015 Public Eye: 175 Years of Sharing Photograph, New York Public Library, New York, NY.
 * 2015 Night on Earth, BSA @ CHB, Berlin, Germany
 * 2015 Ideas City Conference, New Museum, New York, NY
 * 2015 Look3, Festival of the Photograph, Charlottesville, VA
 * 2015 Subway, Stephen Bulger Gallery, Toronto, Canada

 * 2014 UNKNOWN: Pictures of Strangers, Transformer Station, Cleveland, OH
 * 2014 Public Eye: 175 Years of Sharing Photograph, New York Public Library, New York, NY.
 * 2014 Urban Spirit, curated by Dr. Katia David and Ágnes Lőrincz, Galerie Wedding, Berlin, Germany
 * 2014 Megapolis, Eres Foundation, Munich, Germany
 * 2014 METRO, Reinier Gerritsen, Adam Magyar, David Molander, Julie Saul Gallery, New York, NY
 * 2014 Trailed Away, Gallery Soso, Seoul, South Korea
 * 2014 Lapse, curated by Djeff and Fanny Serain, Vasarely Foundation, Aix-en-Provence, France

 * 2013 Hungarian Art Photography in the New Millennium, Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest, Hungary
 * 2013 Love Will Destroy Us In The End, BSA at Art Suites Gallery, Istanbul, Turkey
 * 2013 Light of Day, Transformer Station, Cleveland, OH

 * 2012 Breaking God’s Heart, BSA @ Liebkranz Galerie, Berlin, Germany
 * 2012 Helsinki Photography Biennial, Helsinki City Museum, Finland

 * 2011 Life as it seems, Faur ZSofi Gallery, Budapest, Germany
 * 2011 Lens Culture International Exposure Awards:31 Contemporary Photographers, Gallery 291, San Francisco; Speos Gallery, Paris; VII Dumbo, New York, NY
 * 2011 Young European Landscape BSA @ CHB, Berlin; BSA @ Galerie Wolfsen, Aalborg, Denmark
 * 2011 Flashart, Whart, Toulouse, France

 * 2010 Photographie Hongroise Contemporaine, Faur ZSofi Gallery - Institut Hongrois, Paris, France
 * 2010 Separated by Daily Life, Rhubarb East at Mailbox, Birmingham, AL

 * 2009 Defining Urban Life, Karin Weber Gallery, Hong Kong
 * 2009 Art Sunday, Karin Weber Gallery, Hong Kong

 * 2008 Jozsef Pecsi Scholarship Annual Exhibition, Hungarian House of Photography, Budapest, Hungary

 * 2007 It depends on your point of view, Metro Gallery, Budapest, Hungary
 * 2007 Bits, Bytes and Pixels, Island6, Shanghai, China
 * 2007 Jozsef Pecsi Photography Scholarship Winners Exhibition, Hungarian Academy, Rome, Italy

 * 2006 I Love LEDs, Island6, Shanghai, China
 * 2006 Getting Along, Island6, Shanghai, China

 * 2004 Press Photo Exhibition, Ethnographic Museum Budapest

Collections
His work is included in several public collections including:

 * Light Work, Syracuse, NY
 * Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, TX
 * Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO
 * New York Public Library, New York, NY

Publications

 * Contact Sheet 170: Adam Magyar, Light Work

Scholarships and awards

 * '2009'' International Photography Award, 1st place in Fine Art - Collage subcategory for Squares, 1st place in Special - Aerial subcategory for Squares,
 * 2006-2007 Jozsef Pecsi Scholarship,
 * 2004 Grand Prize, Hungarian Press Photo

title: Adam Magyar


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Computer Hardware

''NOTE:- This book is currently in the process of being merged. Some data could be out of place or already merged.'' Personal Computers (PCs) can be obtained in desktop, laptop, notebook and other portable formats.

They are used in all areas of society.

This module describes the parts of typical desktop personal computers.

please add your contributions

Note: Should this stuff be moved to other pages?

Here is how : Help:Editing

=Computer hardware=

 * The Motherboard and things directly attached to it.
 * Computer chassis and screen, preferly with standard sizes (i.e. ISO A4 for notebook chassis).
 * Storage media
 * Other peripherals

---

=Class 1 Components= Class 1 components are integral to the function of the computer.

CPU
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the 'brain' of the computer.

It's typically a square ceramic package plugged into the motherboard, with a large heat sink on top (and often a fan on top of that heat sink).

All instructions to the computer are processed by the CPU. There are many "CPU architectures", each of which has its own characteristics and trade-offs. The dominant CPU architectures used in personal computing are x86 and ARM. x86 is easily the most popular processor for this class of machine (the dominant manufacturers of x86 CPUs are Intel and AMD). X64 is currently replacing X86 as it has superior performance. X86 is 32 bit, which means it has 6 0s and 1s to use at one instance while X64 can use 7 0s and 1s. Some programs are offered in 64-bit only.

The other architectures are used, for instance, in workstations, servers or embedded systems.

CPUs contain a small amount of static RAM (SRAM) called a cache. Some processors have two or three levels of cache, containing as much as several megabytes of memory.

Dual Core

Some of the new processors made by Intel and AMD are Dual core. The Intel designation for dual core are "Pentium D", "Core Duo" and "Core 2 Duo" while AMD has its "X2" series and "FX-6x".

The core is where the data is processed and turned into commands directed at the rest of the computer. Having two cores increases the data flow into the processor and the command flow out of the processor potentially doubling the processing power, but the increased performance is only visible with multithreaded applications and heavy multitasking.

Hyper Threading

Hyper Threading is a technology that uses one core but adds a virtual processor to an additional thread at the same time.

Normally the processor carries out one task and then proceeds onto the next task. But with Hyper Threading the processor continually switches in-between each task as if to do them at the same time.

For more information, consult the Wikipedia article on microprocessors.

Case
Most modern computers have an "ATX form factor" case in which ATX-compatible power supplies, Mainboards and Drives can be mounted.

.

During the 1980s and 1990s almost all cases were beige, even Apple's Macintosh line. A few rare exceptions to this were black. Only recently have computer case designers realized that there was a worthwhile market for other colors and designs. This has led to all sorts of modifications to the basic design of a computer case. Now it is easy to find cases with transparent windows and glowing lights illuminating their insides.

Power Supply
All computers have some sort of power supply. This converts the supply voltage (AC 110 or 220 V) to different voltages such as DC 5 V, 12 V and 3.3 V. These are needed inside the computer system by nearly every component inside the computer.

There will be a bunch of connectors coming off of the supply, called Molex connectors. They come in varying sizes, meant for different applications, such as the motherboard (usually the largest of the connectors), the hard and optical drives (a bunch of medium-sized connectors), as well as the floppy drive (a relatively small connector, also saw usage among videocards in 2004). As newer standards come out, the types of connectors have changed. Many power supplies now come with power connectors for Serial ATA hard drives. These are smaller and are "hot-swappable", meaning they can be removed and plugged in again without fear of data loss or electrical problems.

Motherboard
The Motherboard (also called Mainboard) is a large, thin, flat, rectangular fiberglass board (typically green in the past but are now typically black due to consumer demands) attached to the case. The Motherboard carries the CPU, the RAM, the chipset and the expansion slots (PCI, AGP - for graphics -, ISA, etc.).

The Motherboard also holds things like the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) and the CMOS Battery (a coin cell that keeps an embbeded RAM in the motherboard -often NVRAM- powered to keep various settings in effect).

Most modern motherboards have onboard sound and LAN controller, some of them even have on-board graphics. These are adequate for standard office work and system sounds. But dedicated sound and graphics cards plugged into the expansion slots offer much better quality and performance A motherboard includes many components such as CPU, RAM, FIRMWARE, INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BUSES.

RAM
Random Access Memory (RAM) is a memory that the microprocessor uses to store data during processing. This memory is volatile (loses its contents at power-down). When a software application is launched, the executable program is loaded from hard drive to the RAM. The microprocessor supplies address into the RAM to read instructions and data from it. RAM is needed because hard drives are too slow to operate with the speed of a microprocessor.

Some of the types of RAM are SDRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, Rambus RAM, SIMM, DIMM.

PCI Express Cards/Slots
The PCI Express standard was created to replace both AGP and PCI slots, with PCI Express 16x and PCI 1x respectively for most implementations. The current implementation of PCI Express allows up to PCI Express 32x.

The reason for the change is that the older PCI cards don't transfer data quickly enough to keep up with modern day gaming, Autocad and video editing software.

Think of it this way, there is a tap that is two inches in diameter, but a drain that is only one inch in diameter. The water doesn't drain quickly enough and eventually the sink overflows. Just like a PCI video card.

AGP Cards
Most graphic cards produced from about 1998-2004 were AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) cards. They are placed in a certain slot on the mainboard with an extra high data transfer rate. The interface was invented to keep the graphics card away from the PCI bus, which was starting to become too constrained for modern graphics cards.

Every graphic card carries a graphic chip (GPU) and very fast DDR RAM for textures and 3D data. Their data buses have 1X, 2X, 4X, and 8X speeds. The bus is 32-bit, much like PCI.

AGP slots are slightly shorter than PCI slots and often brown in color. A similar type of slot called AGP Pro is longer and has extra power leads to accommodate modern video cards. It didn't really catch on in the mainstream market, and graphics card makers preferred to add an extra power connector to supply the power they needed.

PCI Cards
The PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus is the most popular internal interconnect for personal computers. They are usually white in color.

The specification features:

 * Plug and play configuration (through standardised means for interacting with configuration software)
 * Standardised electrical connections

Common PCI implementations in desktop PCs feature:

 * 32-bit addressing
 * 33-MHz bus clock

High-end implementations may also feature:

 * 64-bit addressing
 * "Hot plugging" (the ability to add / remove PCI devices from a running machine)
 * 66-MHz bus clock

(all of these are characteristic of PCI-X)

There have been many revisions and evolutions of the PCI specification over the years. Recently, PCI-X has sought to extend the aging architecture for the needs of modern server-class machines, avoiding some of the performance bottlenecks of previous revisions. The new PCI Express specification seems likely to succeed PCI in all classes of personal computer within the next few years.

ISA Cards
Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) cards were the original PC extension cards. Originally running on an 8-bit bus, they ran on a 16-bit bus as of 1984. Like PCI slots, they supported Plug-and-Play as of 1993 (prior to this, one had to set jumpers for IRQ interrupts and such). In comparison to PCI slots, they are rather long, and often black in color. They are not found on most computers built after 1999. <!-- PCMCIA should be mentioned possibly with laptops?

=Class 2 Components: Storage= Class 2 components are storage media for non-volatile data.

Do not put magnetic media (including floppy disks, hard drives, video cassette tape) through airport X-ray machines. The X-rays themselves are not the problem -- it's the magnetic fields from the conveyor-belt motors that all too often erase magnetic media.

Optical media -- Compact Disks (CDs) and the similar-looking DVDs -- are completely immune to magnetic fields. They can be run through airport X-ray machines without any problems.

Flash memory is also immune to magnetic fields.

Sometimes one can distinguish between "fixed media" (the hard drive) that is more or less permanently mounted inside the computer case, and "removable media" (just about every other kind of media) that is easy to pull from one computer and put into another computer.

Hard drive
A hard drive consists of one or more magnetic platters or disks and a read arm with two electromagnetic coils for each disk. Each hard disk is divided into many sectors, each containing a certain amount of data. As of now, it is the cheapest and most common way to store a lot of data in a small space.

CD-ROM drive
Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) is a standard format for storing a variety of data. A CD-ROM holds about 700 MB of data. The media resembles a small, somewhat flexible plastic disc. Any scratch or abrasion on the data side of the disc can lead to it being unreadable.

Cleaning CDs:

CD-RW drive
Compact disc Read/Write drives support the creation of CD-R and CD-RW discs, and also function as CD-ROM drives. These drives use low-powered lasers to 'burn' data into the active layer of the disc.

CD-R (Compact disc recordable) discs are 'write once' - once they have been written to, the data cannot be erased or changed. However, multisessions can be created and more data can be added.

CD-RW (Compact disc rewritable) discs can be rewritten or erased multiple times. This is a two-pass process so they typically take twice as long as CD-R discs to produce.

CD-RW drives will typically have three speed ratings - one for reading discs, one for writing CD-R discs and another for writing CD-RW discs. Speed ratings vary from 1x to 52x, where 1x means that a CD is written/read in 'real time' - a 52 minute audio CD would take about 52 minutes to create at 1x speed, and about 1 minute at 52x speed.

The data can be written to the disc in a variety of formats to create an audio CD, a data CD, a video CD or a photo CD. The audio CDs should play on most standard audio CD equipment and the video and photo CDs will play on many consumer DVD players.

Many CD writers (also known as 'burners') are now combination drives which also function as DVD-ROM drives.

Most DVD-RW drives also have CD-RW capabilities.

DVD-ROM drive
Digital Video/Versatile Disk Read Only Memory (DVD-ROM)

This optical drive works on a similar principle to the CD-ROM, with a laser being used to read data stored in pits on the surface of a reflective disk. DVDs are read using a shorter wavelength of light (a red laser, rather than an infra-red one). In addition to having a greater data-density, DVDs may be double sided and may be "dual layer".

DVD-RW drive
DVDs hold about 4.7 gigabytes and dual-layer disks hold 8.4 gigabytes (dual layer equipment and disks are now becoming more affordable)

Flash memory
Some common types of Flash memory cards are CompactFlash, Secure Digital (SD), and xD. There are other formats which are falling into disuse, such as Smartmedia (SM) and MultiMediaCard (MMC).

Flash memory is faster than magnetic media and much more rugged. The main reason Flash hasn't yet replaced hard drives is that Flash memory is much more expensive per gigabyte than hard drives.

USB Flash drive
Not everyone is familiar with exactly what a USB Flash Drive is, what it’s used for and why they are becoming increasing popular. So here’s a basic guide to what a USB Flash Drive is:

USB Flash drives (also known as USB memory sticks, USB pen drives or USB thumb drives) were first commercially available in the year 2000. IBM launched them under the brand name “DiskOnKey” and they were introduced as a replacement for the floppy disc. By today’s standard the first USB flash drives had a tiny 8MB of storage capacity but even this was 4 times the amount of data that could be stored on a floppy disk.

The portability of USB flash drives and the ability to carry your data around on a key ring or lanyard and simply plug it into a PC via a USB port meant they became very popular very quickly. Essentially a USB flash drive is a just a way of storing data and storing it on something that is lightweight, easy to carry, easy to use and works on all PC and Mac platforms.

Over time larger storage capacities became available and the data transfer speeds increased to support the movement of larger amounts of information. Today typical USB flash drives are 2GB to 4GB but drives up to a whopping 64GB are now making their way into the market. A 64GB flash drive holds 8,000 times more data than the 8MB version first introduced in 2000!!

Inside every USB flash drive is a small printed circuit board (controller chip) that is connected to a flash memory module (the piece on which the data is stored). These two elements are then encased in an outer shell that is typically made of plastic, metal or more recently wood/bamboo.

The USB connector that protrudes out of the end of a flash drive is simply inserted into any PC or Mac and then the storage space on the USB flash drive is accessible and data can to saved to/from the drive. USB flash drives don’t need batteries because they draw all the power they need to work from the USB port they are plugged into.

Today USB flash drives are very popular with companies because they can print their logo or brand onto the outside casing of the flash drive and give them away at trade shows, conferenceHealth Fitness Articles, exhibitions and so on. With the large amount of storage space now available on entry level versions of the flash drive companies are also pre-loading their sales brochures and other marketing material onto the memory of the flash drive – this not only saves them printing and transportation costs but it’s a really effective way of distributing large amounts of data and information about their company.

People that are given branded flash drives (flash drives printed with a company logo on) are typically delighted to receive them because they have a high perceived value and because they can use they to save and transport their own data around.

=Class 3 Components: Peripherals= Class 3 components are components which allow humans to interface with computers.

Display device
Includes computer monitors and other display devices. CRTs and LCDs are common. LCDs are a more recent development, and are gradually replacing CRTs as they become more affordable. LCDs in addition to being lighter also use less energy and generate less heat.

Sound Output
Includes internal or external speakers and headphones.

Mouse
A user interface device that can enable different kinds of control than a keyboard, particularly in GUIs. It was developed at the Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) and adopted and made popular with the Apple Mac. Today, nearly all modern operating systems can use a mouse. Most mice (sometimes the plural is 'mouses' to prevent confusion with the rodent) are made from plastic, and may use a ball to track movement, an LED light, or a laser. Today you can get a wireless mouse that allows you to easily give a presentation without being tied to a desk. These mouses are usually LED or Laser based tracking.

History
In 1964, the first prototype computer mouse was made to use with a graphical user interface (GUI), windows. Douglas Engelbart received a patent for the wooden shell with two metal wheels (computer mouse U.S. Patent # 3,541,541) in 1970, describing it in the patent application as an "X-Y position indicator for a display system.". It was nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end, Engelbart revealed about his invention. His version of windows was not considered patentable (no software patents were issued at that time), but Douglas Engelbart has over 45 other patents to his name. There was also a DB-9 connector that was used to be an old serial mouse connector.

Keyboard
A keyboard is an input device which is connected to a computer and used to type instructions or information into the computer. Typically, a keyboard has about 100 or so keys.

 * Keyboards differ between languages. Most English-speaking people use what is called a QWERTY layout. This refers to the order of the top row of keys. Some foreign languages (i. e. German) use QWERTZ, where the Z and Y are switched.
 * Many laptop computers do not include a number pad. (There is sometimes a function on the keyboard to enable a numpad-like mode.)
 * Modern keyboards sometimes have extra controls such as volume, and keys that can be programmed to bring up programs of the user's choice.

Printer
A printer makes marks on paper. It can print images and text.

The most common types of printers today are

 * Laser printer: Prints very crisp text, but cheaper models can only print in black and white. Good for places like offices where high printing speed is needed.
 * Color inkjet printer: Prints photos and other images in color (using 4 colors of ink—cyan, magenta, yellow, and black), but the text they print is often not as crisp as a laser printer.

The average printer of the early 1990s would connect to a computer through its parallel port. To connect it to the computer via parallel port, one would have to screw it into the port. Today many printers are connected through USB. This is because it is easier to connect and remove through a simple plug and play system. It also allows for faster transfer speeds than parallel.

Scanner
A scanner is a device for digitizing paper documents into images that may be manipulated by a computer. The two main classes of scanner are

 * hand-held scanners (in which the user manually drags a small scanning head over the document), and
 * flat-bed scanners (which are designed to accommodate a whole sheet of paper, which is then examined by a motorised scanning head).

If the original document contained text, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software may be used to reconstruct the text of the document from the scanned images.

Modem
A contraction of "Modulator - demodulator", a modem allows a computer to communicate over an analogue medium (most commonly a telephone line). The modem encodes digital signals from the computer as analogue signals suitable for transmission (modulation) and decodes digital data from a modulated analogue signal (demodulation). Using modems two computers may communicate over a telephone line, with the data passed between them being represented as sound.

Modems are usually involved with dial-up internet services. As broadband catches on, they are falling into disuse. However, the devices used to connect to broadband connections are also called modems, specifically DSL Modems or Cable Modems.

CD-Roms
A CDROM (compact disk read-only memory), also written as CD-ROM, is a type of optical storage media that allows data to be written to it only once. This contrasts with memory, whose contents can be accessed (i.e., read and written to) at extremely high speeds but which are retained only temporarily (i.e., while in use or only as long as the power supply remains on). Although the disc media and the drives of the CD and CD-ROM are, in principle, the same, there is a difference in the way data storage is organized. Two new sectors were defined, Mode 1 for storing computer data and Mode 2 for compressed audio or video/graphic data.

CD-ROM Mode 1
It is the mode used for CD-ROMs that carry data and applications only. In order to access the thousands of data files that may be present on this type of CD, precise addressing is necessary

CD-ROM Mode 2
CD-ROM Mode 2 is used for compressed audio/video information and uses only two layers of error detection and correction, the same as the CD-DA. Therefore, all 2,336 bytes of data behind the sync and header bytes are for user data

=Appendix A: Connectors and Cables= There are many different types of connectors and cables in personal computers, and this section will address as many as the various editors deem relevant.

Internal Connectors
Several types of cables are used to connect components together inside the case, providing power and a path for data. These include:

 * Motherboard Power Connector: This connector is designed especially to move electricity from the power supply to the motherboard. Older computers use the AT power connections, with two six-pin connectors lined up side by side.  ATX motherboards used a single connector with 20 pins arranged in two rows of 10.
 * Many motherboards now also use supplementary power connectors, such as a 4 pin plug specifically for the CPU supply.
 * Some others have more than 20 pins for the main connector. The extra pins are in the form of a 'separate' connector, that fits onto the end of the standard 20 pin connector. This may be used or not as required by the particular motherboard.
 * The PCI-e interface may also require the use of further power cables from the power supply.
 * Power Connectors for Drives: Hard drives, optical drives, and, increasingly, high-end video cards use a 4-wire power connection, of which several are available from a power supply. Floppy drives use a smaller connector.
 * With the introduction of the SATA interface for data another type of power connector for drives was also introduced. This is thinner than the previous power connector.
 * 40 and 80-pin IDE Cables: These cables are used by hard drives and optical drives to transfer data to and from the motherboard. These are now sometimes called PATA (Parallel ATA) cables to differentiate from the more recent SATA.
 * SATA (Serial ATA) Cables: These cables are now used by most hard drives and even optical drives to carry data to and from the motherboard. They are much thinner than PATA ribbon cables, and the connectors are much smaller. Generally red coloured.
 * SATA drives generally also require a new type of power connector, though some can also use the older white 'Molex' plug. Adaptors are available if the power supply doesn't have the correct connector.
 * 34-pin Floppy Cables: These are used to connect floppy drives to floppy disk connectors on the mainboard/motherboard.

External Connectors
Without connections to the rest of the world, a computer would just be a fancy paperweight. Numerous connectors are used to make a computer useful.

 * AT Keyboard Connector: Found on older computers, this connector is large and round with five pins.
 * PS/2 Connector: This connector is currently the most popular for connecting both the keyboard and mouse. Note that older mice once used serial ports (defined below), and newer mice frequently use the Universal Serial Bus (USB).
 * VGA Connector: This connector has 3 rows of 5 pins each, and is used to connect the computer to the display screen.
 * Parallel Port (DB-25): This connector is commonly used to interface with printers, and can also transfer between computers. It has been mostly replaced by USB.
 * Serial Port (DB-9): This 9-pin connector is used to connect all sorts of devices, but is being replaced by USB. It has been used in the past to connect mice and transfer data between computers.
 * Universal Serial Bus (USB): This relatively recent connector can connect the computer to almost anything.  It has been used for storage devices, printers, sound, mice, keyboards, cameras, and even networking. USB 2.0 allows transfer speeds of up to 480 Mbit/s.
 * FireWire (IEEE 1394) port: This high-speed connection runs at 400 Mbit/s (1394a) or 800 Mbit/s (1394b), and can connect up to 63 external devices to a single port. Most digital camcorders have a firewire port to connect to a computer.
 * RJ-11 (phone) Connectors: This is the type of connector you will see on phones and modems. It is not used for much else.
 * RJ-45 Connectors: These are used to connect computers to an Ethernet network. Maximum speed of such a connection is now 1000 Mbit/s (= 1 Gbit/s).
 * Audio Connectors: Three of these connectors can be found on an average sound card, and are used to connect to microphones (usually pink), speakers (usually green), and other audio devices (usually blue). The external device connector is usually a silver-colored or gold-plated plug that fits into a round hole.

= Units of Information =

In the world of computers, a unit of information is how much a certain data storing system can hold and is used to measure how much other systems can hold as well. There are two types of units that are the most typical which are bits, which exist is two states, or bytes, the equivalent of eight bits. Bits make up the foundation of unit information. Without bits there would be no bytes, nibbles, nor words.

 * Bytes or octets are the equivalent to eight bits.
 * Nibbles are four bits or sometimes called half a byte.
 * Words are most commonly known for having 16 bits but others in the past have used words with many different bits.

Hardware

title: Computer Hardware


text:
Guangdong model

The Guangdong model refers to a series of social, political, and economic policies adopted in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong. It is generally associated with Guangdong's Communist Party secretary and politburo member Wang Yang. The Guangdong model is characterized as being comparatively liberal in its economic and social policies, and is frequently contrasted with the Chongqing model, which emphasizes the role of the state.

Description
Among the central features of the Guangdong model is the greater role it allows for civil society, including NGOs and trade unions. Trade unions are generally regarded with ire by Chinese authorities, and are run by Communist Party cadres. During his tenure, however, Wang Yang prodded unions to more actively advocate for workers' rights and engage in collective bargaining. This approach was displayed during a series of strikes in the Pearl River Delta in 2010. Chinese authorities frequently view protests and strikes as a threat to political stability to be suppressed. By contrast, Wang expressed sympathy with the protesters, and the strikes were settled with substantial pay increases for the workers. Under the Guangdong model, non-government organizations face less stringent restrictions than elsewhere in the country, with several categories of NGOs being allowed to register without sponsorship from a government agency. Wang has also pressed for more transparency in government spending, and greater rule of law.

Whereas the Chongqing model pioneered by Wang's political rival Bo Xilai emphasized the equitable distribution of wealth, Wang Yang stressed overall economic growth. Wang sought to achieve this by encouraging private enterprise and small-and medium businesses, as well as by implementing economic reforms that moved the province up the "technology value chain."

Reception
Although the Guangdong model is heavily touted by proponents, Wang Yang himself is reluctant to use the term. Moreover, many of the policies and approaches that comprise the model are not unique to Wang's tenure; Guangdong province is, historically, among the more economically open provinces in China and was the location for some of the first special economic zones of China. As noted by Xiao Bin, a professor of public affairs at Sun Yat-sen University, the Guangdong model has been evolving since the start of China's economic reforms in the late 1970s and 1980s.

title: Guangdong model


text:
George Amy

George Joseph Amy (October 15, 1903 – December 18, 1986) was an American film editor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, and started his career at the age of 17, finding his niche at Warner Brothers in the 1930s. It was Amy's editing that was one of the main reasons Warners' films got their reputation for their fluid style and breakneck pace.

He was a favorite of such top Warners directors as Michael Curtiz and Howard Hawks, and won an Academy Award for Best Film Editing for Hawks' Air Force (1943). He received Oscar nominations for Curtiz's Yankee Doodle Dandy in 1942 and Raoul Walsh's fanciful war film Objective, Burma! in 1945. Although Amy directed several shorts and a few features (including She Had to Say Yes) on his own for Warners, they didn't meet with much success. In the 1950s, he turned to editing and directing for television.

Selected filmography

 * Burn 'Em Up Barnes (1921)
 * Rainbow Riley (1926)
 * The Brown Derby (1926)
 * The Wright Idea (1928)
 * Those Who Dance (1930)
 * The Ruling Voice (1931)
 * Dr. X (1932)
 * Cabin in the Cotton (1932)
 * 20,000 Years in Sing Sing (1933)
 * Footlight Parade (1933)
 * She Had to Say Yes (1933) (also co-director)
 * Gold Diggers of 1933 (1933)
 * Lady Killer (1933)
 * Wonder Bar (1934)
 * Here Comes the Navy (1934)
 * He Was Her Man (1934)
 * Broadway Gondolier (1935)
 * Captain Blood (1935)
 * Gold Diggers of 1935 (1935)
 * Charge of the Light Brigade (1936)
 * Mountain Justice (1937)
 * Kid Galahad (1937)
 * Varsity Show (1937)
 * Hollywood Hotel (1938)
 * Garden of the Moon (1938)
 * Gold Diggers in Paris (1938)
 * Kid Nightingale (1939)
 * Dodge City (1939)
 * The Sea Hawk (1939)
 * Gambling on the High Seas (1940) (also director)
 * Granny Get Your Gun (1940) (also director)
 * Virginia City (1940)
 * The Letter (1940)
 * The Santa Fe Trail (1940)
 * The Sea Wolf (1941)
 * Dive Bomber (1941)
 * Captains of the Clouds (1942)
 * Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942)
 * Air Force (1943)
 * ''Action in the North Atlantic (1943)
 * This Is the Army (1943)
 * Uncertain Glory (1944)
 * Objective, Burma! (1945)
 * Confidential Agent (1945)
 * Three Strangers (1946)
 * Cinderella Jones (1946)
 * Life with Father (1947)
 * Romance on the High Seas (1948) (also assoc. producer)
 * Flamingo Road (1949)
 * My Dream Is Yours (1949)
 * Clash by Night (1952)
 * A Lion Is in the Streets (1953)

title: George Amy


text:
ahead in the count

Adjective

 * 1)  Having more strikes than balls against a batter in an at-bat.
 * 2)  Having fewer strikes than balls against a pitcher in an at-bat.

title: ahead in the count


text:
Hypsilurus nigrigularis

Hypsilurus nigrigularis is a species of agamid lizard. It is found in New Guinea.

Hypsilurus nigrigularis is hunted by the Kalam people of Papua New Guinea, and its eggs are also consumed. The Kalam consider it to be a totemic animal.

Names
It is known as aypot in the Kalam language of Papua New Guinea.

Behavior and habitat
Hypsilurus nigrigularis is an arboreal frugivorous agamid that feeds on the fruits of Wendlandia paniculata, Heptapleurum sp., Evodia sp., Macaranga sp., Rubus spp., and other species.

title: Hypsilurus nigrigularis


text:
Paul Bürck

Paul Bürck (3 September 1878 – 18 April 1947) was a German painter. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

title: Paul Bürck


text:
Petukhi

Petukhi (Петухи) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Petukhovsky Selsoviet, Klyuchevsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 874 as of 2013. There are 9 streets.

Geography
Petukhi is located 31 km east of Klyuchi (the district's administrative centre) by road. Makarovka is the nearest rural locality.

title: Petukhi


text:
Talk:Calculus/Partial differential equations

Has anyone else checked all this (to date) for clarity, appropriate scope, algebraic errors etc? More, and better, diagrams and examples would probably be helpful too. Carandol 20:27, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Hi all, I have a basic doubt about calculus, in partial differential Equations. ie how to solve a PDE of two or More functions. for eg
 * $$ \frac{1}{r} \frac {\partial (r*u(r)*psi(r)*rho)}{\partial r}$$

 * Extend the methods used for systems of ODE's. If the PDE's are linear, for example, it may be possible to eliminate one function and get a single PDE of higher order. Carandol

Problem
Hi, I found this site very intersting. I still have a problem: I don't know how to solve an hyperbolic partial differential equation like:

f(x)D^2g(x,t)/Dx^2 - D^2g(x,t)/Dt^2= 0,

where f(x) is a positive real continuous function. Can anybody help me please? Thanks a lot,

Cris

Page Layout for Computer Monitors
It is an amazing fact that here we are, thirty years into personal computing, and we still handle text as though a page were 8.5 inches by 11. We haven't noticed that the computer screen is generally 3x4 in aspect ratio, with 12 x 16, the extended screen, on the horizon. Seems to me a simple thing follows: text should generally be formatted in 3x4 ratio chunks, and all the stuff around the margins -- headers, logos for the source organization, "print," "bulletin board" and all those other allied services --  jammed into a single pop-up box that could be accessed by clicking on an inconspicuous switch in the corner of the screen. -dlj.


text:
Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2017 September 23

September 23
This is a list of redirects that have been proposed for deletion or other action on September 23, 2017.

Atheistic religion
Relisted, see Redirects for discussion/Log/2017 October 4%23Atheistic religion

EventScripts
 Closed discussion, see full discussion. Result was:

 * The result of the discussion was Delete. There seems to be no good target for it. Ruslik_ Zero 20:25, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * EventScripts → Source (game engine) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EventScripts&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unnotable plugin not even covered in target article. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 20:11, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete -- spammy link; not mentioned in target. K.e.coffman (talk) 21:21, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Question would Scripting language or Event-driven programming be a good target here? Thryduulf (talk) 18:33, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Seeing the naming, not really; "Event scripts" would be rather, but not in this form. Lordtobi  ( ✉ ) 18:36, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Comment this is a vague term now that it's not described in the target article. There's connections from a Valve Developer Community which used the moniker  but there are other products using the name such as with Juniper  or other random app developers  or in animation .  Then there's the literal event script where someone transcribes an event.  AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:37, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Orange Box Engine
Relisted, see Redirects for discussion/Log/2017 October 4%23Orange Box Engine

La Boite Orange
 Closed discussion, see full discussion. Result was:

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:47, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * La Boite Orange → The Orange Box (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=La_Boite_Orange&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * La Boîte Orange → The Orange Box (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=La_Bo%C3%AEte_Orange&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Not a French product, it's American. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 20:04, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per WP:FORREDZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:44, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Weak keep - I made these because of the minor stir over the decision to include French-dominant language on the Canadian version of TOB . –xenotalk 16:02, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per WP:FORRED. None of "La Boite Orange", "French" or "Canada" are mentioned in the article, so someone looking for information about that "minor stir" will not find it in our article. Thryduulf (talk) 18:35, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as an unofficial translation, per FORRED. ToThAc (talk) 17:34, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per WP:FORRED. Steel1943  (talk) 18:41, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Not used in English wikipedia for any news. France isn't the originating product either. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:39, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. No strong affinity with the French language. -- Lenticel ( talk ) 05:13, 30 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

User:S@bre/Locations in the Half-Life series
 Closed discussion, see full discussion. Result was:

 * The result of the discussion was keep  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:48, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * User:S@bre/Locations in the Half-Life series → Locations of Half-Life (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:S@bre/Locations_in_the_Half-Life_series&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unnecessary cross-namepsace redirect. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:53, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Keep Appears to be from moving the page to mainspace so required for atribution. Am I missing something strange here? Legacypac (talk) 06:53, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Keep as entirely harmless. There is almost never a reason to delete redirects from another user's user subpage unless it is actively problematic (and there is no evidence of that here) or it as at their request. Also per Legacypac. Thryduulf (talk) 18:38, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Keep. R from move in the user space that could potentially be used as a bookmark to help the author locate where their draft ended up. Steel1943  (talk) 18:26, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Alien slave
 Closed discussion, see full discussion. Result was:

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:48, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Alien slave → Vortigaunt (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alien_slave&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Could refer to a lot of things, not just this particular in-game race. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:52, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete - too vague to not be confusing.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:45, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator and Zxcvbnm. This could be about aliens who have slaves (any of many different types of alien), aliens who are slaves (ditto), people who are slaves to aliens, etc. Thryduulf (talk) 18:42, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per above; too vague. Would also be a cool band name.  ;-)   — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  19:57, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as ambiguous -- Lenticel ( talk ) 00:20, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Searches show a non-notable band and some random book titles. No articles that describe aliens and slaves. Concept is not unique to Half-Life. AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:25, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Gman hl
 Closed discussion, see full discussion. Result was:

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:48, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Gman hl → G-Man (Half-Life) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gman_hl&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unlikely search term. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:48, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Steel1943  (talk) 18:39, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as not a repository for Half-Life jargon:  WP:NOTJARGON  AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:41, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. -- Lenticel ( talk ) 01:21, 28 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

List of in-game appearances of G-man character (Half-Life)
 Closed discussion, see full discussion. Result was:

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * List of in-game appearances of G-man character (Half-Life) → G-Man (Half-Life) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_in-game_appearances_of_G-man_character_(Half-Life)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

No such list. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:48, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. The search term is not implausible - the topic is something some people will be looking for and some of them will use a search term like this one, however the redirect is misleading because we do not have such a list (at the target or elsewhere). Thryduulf (talk) 18:53, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Regarding implausibility, I would like to add that the redirect name includes "of G-man character", symbolizing broken English and malcapitalization of "G-Man", then plus the "(Half-Life)" appendix making it additionally unlikely to be searched for. Any similar version of this name is not present (a proper form, even if it should not be created, would be "List of in-game appearances of [the] G-Man"). Lordtobi  ( ✉ ) 19:00, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Steel1943  (talk) 18:26, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete WP:NOTWIKIA AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 15:58, 26 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

HD Pack

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * HD Pack → Half-Life: Blue Shift (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HD_Pack&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Could refer to anything, e.g. Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege's Ultra HD Texture Pack Lordtobi  ( ✉ ) 19:42, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete - Too vague to refer to its current target. --The1337gamer (talk) 19:45, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as overly vague.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. Far too vague even for a disambiguation page or even a SIA. Steel1943  (talk) 18:27, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete - it's even more vague than that. Ivanvector (Talk/Edits) 19:14, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom and WP:NOTWIKIA Searches bring up cable and satellite company HD packages. AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:26, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Bshift

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Bshift → Half-Life: Blue Shift (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bshift&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unlikely search term; if it was, there would be a better target anyhow. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:41, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. There is a Berlin-based media company called "bShift" or "bShift Media" (I'm not sure which) that this would be a good redirect to if they had an article, but they don't and a quick search does not make it seem like they are notable. Thryduulf (talk) 18:58, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom and Thryduulf. Steel1943  (talk) 18:28, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete or weak Retarget to Shift work as b-shift sometimes refers to the second shift. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:29, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Hl1 opforce

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Hl1 opforce → Half-Life: Opposing Force (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hl1_opforce&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unlikely search term. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:40, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unnotable and possibly implausible search term. Steel1943  (talk) 18:28, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete WP:NOTJARGON. Terms should only be kept if they are shown to be useful and notable in secondary sources independent of the subject. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:42, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Half-Life Platinum Collection

 * The result of the discussion was Keep. Ruslik_ Zero 20:21, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Half-Life Platinum Collection → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Half-Life_Platinum_Collection&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Not in target article. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:29, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as unrelated to article.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget to Half-Life (series) since it seems that most, if not all, of the subtopics regarding the subject of this redirect are contained in this page. (However, at the present time, this redirect is not mentioned at Half-Life (series) either.) Steel1943  (talk) 18:31, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Keep as Platinum Pack and Platinum Collection is mentioned in the video game article under Expansions. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:44, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Half-life (1999)

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Half-life (1999) → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Half-life_(1999)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Half-Life released 1998, its first port 2001; no version ever in 1999. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:29, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Steel1943  (talk) 18:31, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:44, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom -- Lenticel ( talk ) 01:55, 28 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Half-Life Dedicated Server

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Half-Life Dedicated Server → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Half-Life_Dedicated_Server&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Not in target article. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:15, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Steel1943  (talk) 18:32, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete yet another item that comes from the Valve Developer Community, not Valve itself, and not described in the article. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 15:19, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Content cut from Half-Life 2

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Content cut from Half-Life 2 → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Content_cut_from_Half-Life_2&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

There is just one line on that something was cut, the redirect title implies to lead somewhere that explains what was cut and why, but it does not. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:02, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as a vague WP:NOTWIKIA-ish styled redirect. Steel1943  (talk) 18:32, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:45, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. -- Lenticel ( talk ) 00:41, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

List of enemies in Half-Life 2

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:49, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * List of enemies in Half-Life 2 → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_enemies_in_Half-Life_2&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

No such list. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:01, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. This is a highly plausible search term, but we do not have the content that people using it are looking for. Thryduulf (talk) 19:10, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Steel1943  (talk) 18:33, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Half-Life 2 controversies and criticisms

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . Deryck C. 13:44, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Half-Life 2 controversies and criticisms → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Half-Life_2_controversies_and_criticisms&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Target articles does not cover any controversies (were there any?). Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:01, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Steel1943  (talk) 18:39, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Half-Life 2: Orange

 * The result of the discussion was Delete. Ruslik_ Zero 20:23, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Half-Life 2: Orange → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Half-Life_2:_Orange&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Not in article (this might or might not be related to The Orange Box, but if it was, nobody would search for it this way). Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 19:00, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Very weak retarget to The Orange Box per nom as a R from incorrect name. I'm "very weak" on this per the nom's concerns with doing so. Steel1943  (talk) 18:34, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Hllf-Life 2

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:50, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Hllf-Life 2 → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hllf-Life_2&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Hllf-Life → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hllf-Life&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unlikely typo. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 18:59, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as implausible search term.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete, this one is an implausible search term. Thryduulf (talk) 19:11, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Sounds like someone's custom mod. Non-notable. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 03:46, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as unlikely misspelling -- Lenticel ( talk ) 00:41, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Tentacle (Half-Life)

 * The result of the discussion was trainwreck  . As evidenced from this discussion, a lot of these are nuanced and deserve individual discussion. Feel free to boldly retarget anything and bring any back up for discussion individually or in much smaller batches. That being said, please take in to account what has already been said. -- Tavix  ( talk ) 01:02, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Ionized plasma leviator → Gravity gun (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ionized_plasma_leviator&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Ionised plasma leviator → Gravity gun (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ionised_plasma_leviator&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Anticitizen One → Gordon Freeman (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anticitizen_One&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Gina Cross → Half-Life: Decay (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gina_Cross&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Dr. Richard Keller → Half-Life: Decay (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dr._Richard_Keller&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Doctor Richard Keller → Half-Life: Decay (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_Richard_Keller&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Doctor Gina Cross → Half-Life: Decay (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_Gina_Cross&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Doctor Colette Green → Half-Life: Decay (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_Colette_Green&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Colette Green → Half-Life: Decay (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colette_Green&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Tentacle (Half-Life) → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tentacle_(Half-Life)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Myrmidont → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myrmidont&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Isaac kleiner → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isaac_kleiner&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Ichthyosaur (Half-Life) → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosaur_(Half-Life)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Dr. Kleiner → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dr._Kleiner&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Doctor isaac kleiner → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_isaac_kleiner&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Doctor Isaac kleiner → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_Isaac_kleiner&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Carnivorous leech → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carnivorous_leech&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Carnivorous Leech → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carnivorous_Leech&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Black Ops (Half-Life) → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Ops_(Half-Life)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Baby Voltigore → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baby_Voltigore&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Baby Garg → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baby_Garg&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Antlion Guard → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antlion_Guard&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Alien Grunt → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alien_Grunt&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Alien Controller → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alien_Controller&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Black Mesa Incident → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Mesa_Incident&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Vortagon → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vortagon&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * The Battle of Black Mesa → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Battle_of_Black_Mesa&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Black Mesa incident → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Mesa_incident&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Battle of Black Mesa → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Black_Mesa&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Antimass spectrometer → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antimass_spectrometer&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Anti-mass spectrometer → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anti-mass_spectrometer&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Anomalous materials → Half-Life (video game) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anomalous_materials&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * The Resistance (Half-Life 2) → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Resistance_(Half-Life_2)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * The Battle of City 17 → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Battle_of_City_17&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Manhacks → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manhacks&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Manhack → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manhack&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Lambda Resistance (Half-Life 2) → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lambda_Resistance_(Half-Life_2)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Grav jumping → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grav_jumping&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Citadel (Half-Life) → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Citadel_(Half-Life)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Battle of City 17 → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_City_17&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Battle for City 17 → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_for_City_17&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unnecessary WP:GAMECRUFT-y redirects. Those that are not deleted should be redirected to Characters of Half-Life or Creatures of Half-Life. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 18:52, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Dr. Kleiner, Doctor isaac kleiner, Doctor Isaac kleiner, Isaac kleiner should be retargeted to Characters of Half-Life where there is a section on the character. --The1337gamer (talk) 19:37, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I would delete Doctor Issac kleiner (lower-case on only the last term) as that's weird to cap the first two words and not the third. The others have been retargeted. AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 15:45, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

Comment some of them should point to Creatures of Half-Life. Due to page merger and wrong redirect fix, some page were targeting wrong page. Matthew_hk  t  c  02:46, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * These all seem like plausible search terms. The guideline WP:GAMECRUFT makes clear that these shouldn't be articles, but that doesn't constitute a reason to delete a redirect. No objection to redirecting the ones about characters to the page/relevant section of Characters of Half-Life. VQuakr (talk) 19:54, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete all The characters are improperly capitalized, implausible search terms - or in the worst case, such as Dr. Kleiner, can cause confusion with real people named Kleiner. Creatures should be deleted as they could potentially cause confusion with real animals.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:37, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Disperse per 's findings. Many of the characters and creatures are listed in Characters of Half-Life or Creatures of Half-Life so they should go to the appropriate sections. Those without any mention or any notability afterwards can then be relisted for RFD. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 15:26, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

I've gone through the list and struck the ones that have been refined. Here are my revised recommendations on what's left:

Delete:
 * ionized plasma leviator - it's spelled levitator and the properly spelled one does not have a redirect (the article has a link but it goes to plasma)
 * Ionised plasma leviator - same as above
 * Carnivorous leech - regular leeches are carnivorous so this is redundant. I redirected it to leech, but the term "carnivorous leech" isn't used in regular biology either.
 * Carnivorous Leech - same as above
 * Baby Voltigore - already have Voltigore, don't need the baby version, which is not mentioned in that section, not really.
 * Baby Garg - The baby version isn't a separate creature from Gargantua
 * Antlion Guard - the individual types of Antlions don't need to have redirects when they are just generic names like worker or guardi, except for the weirdly named ones such as Myrmidont and Acidlion
 * Grav jumping - not even listed in Wikia.
 * Anomalous materials - yes, there's a lab in the game called Anomalous Materials Lab, but the use of anomalous isn't exclusive to Half-Life. Also with WP:RECENTISM there's the phrase "anomalous purchase of educational materials" pertaining to Nur Misuari's arrest.

Weak delete :
 * Anticitizen One - is a name of a chapter (scenario? level?) in the Half-Life 2 game, and also a moniker given to Gordon Freeman in Half-Life 2. This is kind of like Public Enemy No. 1. Unfortunately it's not described in either place. Needs to be added in the place for it to be useful.
 * Antimass spectrometer - mentioned at start of game where it explodes in the Black Mesa Research Facility. Otherwise it isn't a key notable fictional element for the franchise.
 * Anti-mass spectrometer - same as above.
 * The Battle of Black Mesa - Considering much of the game takes place at the Black Mesa facility, and that it is an FPS so there are fights, it is not clear which battle this is referring to.
 * Battle of Black Mesa
 * The Battle of City 17 - Similarly for Half-Life 2, much of the storyline takes place in City 17.
 * Battle of City 17
 * Battle for City 17
 * Lambda Resistance (Half-Life 2) - not referred to in the game as such, just Resistance. They use lambda logos but so what?

Keep:
 * The Resistance (Half-Life 2) - main group name for the characters who fight against the Combine. Described in the plot and gameplay sections.

I need some help figuring out the Weak deletes as those require more game detail that isn't listed in the article. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 19:06, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * In my opinion, all of the "weak deletes" should still be deleted. Even "The Resistance (Half-Life 2)" which is an overly generic term. I might as well just make a "The Resistance (Foo)" redirect for every book and movie that has a resistance against something.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 16:12, 30 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Hl2 Borealis

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . Deryck C. 13:44, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Hl2 Borealis → Half-Life 2 (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hl2_Borealis&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Antlion halflife 2 → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antlion_halflife_2&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Antlion half life 2 → Half-Life (series) (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antlion_half_life_2&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Unlikely search term combinations of already unlikely search terms. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 20:01, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:33, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Unmentioned mods or variants. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 16:57, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Gautam Babbar

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . Deryck C. 13:44, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Gautam Babbar → Half-Life 2: Episode Two (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gautam_Babbar&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Completely unrelated to the game (vandalism?). Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 20:01, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete He is/was a designer at Valve. Worked on multiple projects though and isn't mentioned at target. --The1337gamer (talk) 20:13, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete as above. Needs separate notability in the Valve corporation article first. AngusWOOF ( bark  •  sniff ) 16:58, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Blizzard Inc.

 * The result of the discussion was retarget  to Blizzard Entertainment. -- Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:51, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Blizzard Inc. → Activision Blizzard (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blizzard_Inc.&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Would Blizzard Entertainment be a better target? f e  minist  14:26, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget to Blizzard Entertainment. This seems non-controversial. --The1337gamer (talk) 19:37, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget per 1337gamer.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:34, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget per nom. More plausible target -- Lenticel ( talk ) 00:42, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area

 * The result of the discussion was retarget  to Research Triangle. Deryck C. 13:44, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area → Durham, North Carolina (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Durham-Chapel_Hill,_NC_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]
 * Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA → Durham, North Carolina (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Durham-Chapel_Hill,_NC_MSA&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

At first glance, Research Triangle seems like a better target. f e  minist  14:21, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note nominations combined. Thryduulf (talk) 19:14, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Durham City (county town)

 * The result of the discussion was retarget  to Durham, England. (non-admin closure) – Uanfala 19:12, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Durham City (county town) → Durham (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Durham_City_(county_town)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

I'm not familiar with UK geography, but Durham, England seems to be the only county town named Durham City. f e  minist  14:17, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * It should be retargeted to Durham, England. It used to, but when Durham was moved to its current title in 2014 it evidently wasn't done carefully enough. —Xezbeth (talk) 20:03, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget per above. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 13:39, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.

Watch Dogs (series)

 * The result of the discussion was delete  . The fact that this game isn't a series yet (creator's comment) and the inexact title match with potential retargets seem to have pushed this over the line towards delete. Deryck C. 13:24, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Watch Dogs (series) → Watch Dogs (talk · links · [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Watch_Dogs_(series)&action=history history] · stats)     [ Closure:  ]

Does not redirect to any series article, merely the first game of it. Article itself should not be created in the first place, as the guideline poses a minimum of three game-in-series articles on Wikipedia; though there are only two games in the series. Lordtobi ( ✉ ) 12:24, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete Per nom.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 10:33, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget to Watchdog (TV series) (the only series mentioned on the Watchdog disambig), as a plausible error for that series' title. Thryduulf (talk) 19:18, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retargetting to the the disambiguation page is my second preference as this is significantly more beneficial to the encyclopaedia and its readers than deletieon. Thryduulf (talk) 11:56, 1 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom or go to Watchdog (disambiguation). Having it go to Watchdog (TV series) wouldn't make sense considering perhaps they are looking for the video game. AngusWOOF  ( bark  •  sniff ) 16:04, 26 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.--TonyTheTiger (T / C / WP:FOUR / WP:CHICAGO / WP:WAWARD) 20:17, 26 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete - I only redirected it initially as an easy way to take care of an obvious breach of the video game article guidelines. (No series articles unless there's at least 3 entries.) It's far from receiving a third entry, (and even then, it'd be plausible, but not necessarily necessary) so I'm fine with deleting for now. Sergecross73   msg me  17:15, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Retarget to Watchdog (disambiguation) where there's several entries that could reasonably be described as a series, even if Wikipedia doesn't consider them to be for article creation purposes (e.g. the video game, the two TV shows). Patar knight - chat/contributions 06:53, 1 October 2017 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page.


text:
Lise Olivier

Lise Olivier (born 30 May 1983) is a South African former road cyclist. She participated at the 2012 UCI Road World Championships.

Major results

 * 2010
 * 2nd Silver medal africa.svg Road race, African Road Championships

 * 2011
 * All-Africa Games
 * 1st Gold medal blank.svg Time trial
 * 2nd Silver medal blank.svg Road race

 * 2012
 * 2nd Road race, National Road Championships
 * 3rd Bronze medal africa.svg Road race, African Road Championships
 * 4th Overall La Route de France

 * 2013
 * 3rd Time trial, National Road Championships

 * 2015
 * African Games
 * 2nd Silver medal blank.svg Team time trial
 * 3rd Bronze medal blank.svg Road race
 * 3rd Bronze medal blank.svg Time trial
 * 2nd Silver medal africa.svg Road race, African Road Championships
 * KZN Autumn Series
 * 2nd Hibiscus Cycle Classic
 * 3rd Freedom Day Classic

 * 2016
 * African Road Championships
 * 1st Gold medal africa.svg Team time trial
 * 7th Time trial
 * 2nd Road race, National Road Championships
 * 3rd 947 Cycle Challenge

title: Lise Olivier


text:
Talk:David Rawlings

I don't think it's the Epiphone Olympic that he uses, it's the Epiphone Apollo.
"Note in 1937-1939 Epiphone sold a model called the Apollo in England. It was very similar to the Olympic with a mahogany or birch 16" sunburst body, segmented f-holes, rectangle fingerboard inlays, "Epiphone Masterbilt" decal peghead logo, and a black pickguard. It cost less than the Olympic and had a mix of features which Jim Fisch says led to speculation it may have been produced by Regal for Epiphone." from http://www.guitarhq.com/epiphon2.html#olympic

See also: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nugXkgd_-84"

His guitar, at least the one in this video, definitely has the segmented f-holes that the Olympic lacks. Skip to 25-28 seconds if you'd rather not watch it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:547:F01:3DA0:9D1A:E3F2:7784:3795 (talk) 01:02, 22 September 2015 (UTC)

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 10:45, 6 September 2017 (UTC)

Time to remove the template message?
I was able to add a good number of reliable sources. Thoughts on removing the "needs verification" template? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bengymen (talk • contribs) 14:34, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Agreed and done. Thank you.Artaxerxes (talk) 01:37, 1 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Rawlings


text:
Talk:DeAngelo Williams

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot (talk) 18:41, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

NFL Pink
I would like to see information on Williams' suggestion to the NFL to dress players with pink accents (gloves, cleats) for October for the National Breast Cancer Awareness Month based on his mother's and sister's battles with breast cancer. I've heard the commentators discuss this and attribute the apparel suggestion to him, if nothing else on the campaign, and perhaps heard comments he made on the topic back in 2009 or so. grubbmeister (talk) 21:52, 11 October 2011 (UTC)

Cut from the Panthers
I did a google search for "DeAngelo Williams free agent" and found an ESPN video about Williams being cut from the team. The video's description says "Former Panthers general manager Marty Hurney explains why the Panthers have to wait until the new league year begins March 10 to designate running back DeAngelo Williams as a post-June 1 cut." If I understand this correctly, that means his being cut from the team won't be made official until March 10. Accordingly, per WP:FUTURE, any information about Williams being cut from the Panthers should not be added until after March 10. For reference, this is the ESPN page I mentioned – Majora4  (leave a message)   01:43, 4 March 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:DeAngelo Williams