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Hayes Theatre

The Hayes Theatre is a 111-seat theatre specialising in music theatre and cabaret in Potts Point, Sydney, Australia. It is named after the Australian performer Nancye Hayes.

Hayes Theatre Co was established at the former Darlinghurst Theatre after the Darlinghurst Theatre Company moved to the nearby Eternity Playhouse.

Its first production, a revival of Sweet Charity, opened in January 2014. The production transferred to the Sydney Opera House and a national tour, and was nominated for and received multiple Helpmann Awards.

The Hayes Theatre Co has gone on to secure a reputation nationally and internationally for its bold work and award-winning performances.

Notable performers who have performed at the Hayes include Nancye Hayes, Caroline O'Connor, David Campbell, Verity Hunt-Ballard, Simon Burke, Mitchel Butel, Emma Matthews, Genevieve Lemon, Rowan Witt, Virginia Gay, Tim Draxl, Hellen Dallimore, Bobby Fox, Seann Miley Moore, Trevor Ashley, Marika Aubrey, Blake Bowden, Paul Capsis, Chloe Dallimore, Esther Hannaford, Lucy Maunder, Timomatic, Hayden Tee, Amanda Harrison, Elise McCann, and Bert LaBonté.

Productions

 * 2014 – Sweet Charity, The Drowsy Chaperone,  Truth, Beauty and a Picture of You †, Love Bites, Miracle City, Beyond Desire †
 * 2015 – Next to Normal, Blood Brothers, Dogfight, Heathers, Master Class, High Society, Rent, Violet
 * 2016 – The Fantasticks, Little Shop of Horrors, Rent, The Detective's Handbook †, Xanadu, You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown, Songs for a New World, Side Show, Mack and Mabel
 * 2017 – Cabaret, Calamity Jane, Big Fish, Only Heaven Knows, Melba †, Assassins, High Fidelity
 * 2018 – Darlinghurst Nights, The View UpStairs, In the Heights, Carmen, Live or Dead †, Gypsy, Cry-Baby, She Loves Me, Evie May †, Aspects of Love
 * 2019 – Monty Python's Spamalot, American Psycho, Razorhurst, Catch Me If You Can, Caroline, or Change, H.M.S. Pinafore
 * 2020 – The Life of Us †, The Rise and Disguise of Elizabeth R †, The Bridges of Madison County
 * 2021 – Young Frankenstein, Well-Behaved Women, Half Time, Merrily We Roll Along
 * 2022 – Lizzie, Dubbo Championship Wrestling †, Bonnie & Clyde, Jekyll & Hyde, Godspell, Nice Work If You Can Get It
 * 2023 – Urinetown, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Metropolis †, The Lucky Country †, City of Angels, Murder for Two, The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee, A Little Night Music
 * 2024 – The Hello Girls, Zombie! †, Tell Me on a Sunday, Ride the Cyclone, Little Women, The Turn of the Screw, Flat Earthers †, Holiday Inn

† World premiere

title: Hayes Theatre


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Help desk/Archives/2015 February 4

= February 4 =

01:06:25, 4 February 2015 review of submission by Jhm795
I don't understand why my DRAFT was rejected. I did not plagiarize any copyrighted information, I used it as research, referenced everything, and attributed quotes, but wrote in IN MY OWN WORDS. I know I screwed up with the photos (and have asked and am waiting for permissions) but I don't see how you can write a biography without sources. I thought I did a terrific job. Please show/tell me what I did wrong, and PLEASE return my original copy to me, if you're not going to accept it I would like to submit it elsewhere.

Jhm795 (talk) 01:06, 4 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Hello Jhm795, you can request that your draft be emailed to you by filing a request here: WP:REFUND.

 * If you would like the article to be published on Wikipedia, you'll have to figure out what it was about your draft that tripped our copyright detectors. So far s I don't see how you can write a biography without sources: of course you need sources to write a biography, you just can't copy large chunks of sources directly. I know you state you did not do so, but something is tripping the copyright-sensing bots, so we'd have to puzzle out what about that is. Did the deletion notice you received not explain specifically which other site the 'bot says your article too strongly resembles? When an admin restores your draft to you, you might want to ask them that so you can compare your draft to the alleged infringed-upon site to see what the issue is. MatthewVanitas (talk) 13:59, 4 February 2015 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Tullio Marchiori

Tullio Marchiori (born 17 August 1942) is an Italian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

title: Tullio Marchiori


text:
Talk:Cooper Landing Post Office

this article
...is a good start for an article. Please don't wipe it out again, and please don't wipe out this Talk page again! Thanks -- do ncr  am  14:34, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Alison Hoagland's Buildings of Alaska mentions that it was originally called Riddiford Post Office, which isn't mentioned in the article. I'd bet it's somewhere in one of the URLs, though.  Is your idea of a "good start for an article" a portal to some other place where the real information happens to be?  That's been the case with almost every NRHP article I come across, and why I complain about them as often as I do.  So much turd polish in the form of photos and templates doesn't hide that fact.

 * Oh yeah, there's also the matter of taking incorrect NRHP data at face value, placing it in articles and ignoring common sense. For example, NRHP articles of places in Ketchikan, with coords that are 400 miles from land out in the middle of the Bering Sea.RadioKAOS (talk) 19:57, 28 September 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cooper Landing Post Office


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User:Ghostal

About me: I am a Chemical Engineering undergrad at Michigan Tech University. I am most interested in working on the organic chemistry and hebrew wikibooks.

Looks like some great work on the Organic Chemistry book, Ghostal. Thanks for your contributions and please let me know if there is anything I can do to help you out. --Karl Wick 18:47, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User:Ghostal


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Luis José de Orbegoso

Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada-Galindo, de Burutarán y Morales (August 25, 1795 – February 5, 1847 ), was an aristocratic Peruvian soldier and politician, who served as the 5th President of Peru as well as the first President of North Peru. This was a time of profound social instability and continuing civil war which led his government to coexist with that of Pedro Pablo Bermúdez, and later with Felipe Santiago Salaverry.

Orbegoso was born in Chuquizongo, Huamachuco, on August 25, 1795. His parents were Justo de Orbegoso y Burutarán and Francisca Moncada-Galindo y Morales, 4th countess of Olmos. Orbegoso was therefore the 5th count of Olmos. He participated with José de San Martín in the war for independence and in the war against Gran Colombia during the government of José de La Mar. After the collapse of Agustín Gamarra's first government, Orbegoso was elected president in 1833, winning over Pedro Pablo Bermúdez, whom Gamarra had preferred as his successor.

During his government, he suffered the enmity of Gamarra, who while in exile had supported Bermúdez in his eventual presidency. Orbegoso had also to deal with the young Felipe Santiago Salaverry, who overthrew him 1835. Orbegoso, however, did not lose the support of southern Peru and, with the support of then President of Bolivia, Andrés de Santa Cruz, he regained his leadership throughout the country and executed Salaverry. In retribution to the support he received from Santa Cruz, he acceded to form the new Peru-Bolivian Confederacy. Santa Cruz assumed the "Supreme Protectorship" of the confederation and Orbegoso maintained only the presidency of the Republic of North Peru.

After being defeated by Gamarra's efforts to regain power with the support of Chile, Orbegoso had to abandon the country, returning later and staying away from an active political life. He died in Trujillo in 1847.

title: Luis José de Orbegoso


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User:Carl Feet

Bold text Carl Feet (Born August 29,1992) is a american minister, businessman, teacher, tutor, life-coach, and last but nice least "Man of God" He serves Founder/CEO of GREAT Ministries and former Peoples First Communications in Midway, Florida. -In 2012 Minister Carl was called into ministry to minister to the youth and young adults. -In 2013 Minister Feet will be opening GREAT Ministries which is an evangelistic outreach christian ministry serving many children and young adults.

title: User:Carl Feet


text:
Wikijunior:Solar System/Asteroid belt

The asteroid belt lies between the planets Mars and Jupiter. It contains lumps of rock and metal much smaller than planets. These lumps are called asteroids or minor planets. They are not visible from Earth with the naked eye, but many may be seen through binoculars or small telescopes.

The largest asteroid in the solar system is called "2001 KX76." In the asteroid belt, the four largest bodies are Ceres (a dwarf planet named after the Roman goddess of agriculture), Vesta (the Roman goddess of the home), Pallas (the granddaughter of Poseidon), and Hygiea (the Greek goddess of health). These four bodies make up about half of the asteroid belt.

Some asteroids are less than a kilometer across. Unofficially the limit has been set at 50 meters, and anything smaller than that is going to be simply called a meteoroid. With advances in telescopes and particularly for objects that travel close to the Earth, some objects smaller than 50 metres have indeed been seen passing nearby the Earth.

There are probably several million asteroids in the solar system. Over 96,000 asteroids have been given numbers. Almost 12,000 of them have names. But even though there are a lot of asteroids, the asteroid belt is mostly empty space. Traveling through the asteroid belt in a space ship would not be very much like what you see in a science fiction film. This would not be the same in the first 100 million years of the solar system's history (had humans evolved and discovered film). The asteroid belt lost 99.99% of its mass in the first 100 million years of the solar system.

What are they named after?
The first asteroids were named after mythical heroes and gods much like the major planets. The first to be discovered was named Ceres after the Roman goddess of growing plants (particularly grain) and of motherly love. The second asteroid discovered was called Pallas and was named after one of the Greek gods of wisdom. Asteroids are also given a number in the order of their discovery, so Ceres is 1, Pallas is 2, and so forth.

As the number of known asteroids increased, they ran out of mythical names so other names were used instead. Some asteroids were named after countries. For example asteroid number 136 is named Austria. Others were named after plants, for example 978 Petunia. 1620 Geographos was named after the National Geographic Society, in recognition to their efforts at sharing knowledge about the Solar System. Many are named after people, both alive and dead. In a couple of cases, like 2309 Mr. Spock, asteroids were named after the discoverer's pet cat. This last type of naming is discouraged, but it still happens from time to time. Even fictional characters have been used.

Today, names for asteroids can be suggested by the people who discover them. The names become official after a group of people reviews them to make sure they are not offensive or too much like another name. Because so many asteroids are now being found, most new asteroid discoveries are not even getting a name at all, but rather a numbered code. It is not likely that they will ever be given a formal name, at least in this century.

The actual word Asteroid can refer to any member of the family of Asteroidea; in other words, a starfish. The etymology of the word comes from Ancient Greek ἀστεροειδής, literally meaning star form. The Ancient Greeks probably must have mistook the asteroids for stars.

Most of the asteroids have symbols representing them; for example, Ceres has ⚳, representing Ceres's scythe, and Pallas has ⚴, reperesenting Athena's spear.

Who discovered them?
Asteroid Belt Facts:

 * The total mass of all the asteroids in the asteroid belt is about 1/35th of that of our moon.
 * The largest object in the asteroid belt, Ceres, makes about 1/3 of the total weight of all the asteroids.
 * Ceres is the only dwarf planet in the asteroid belt.
 * Vesta is the only asteroid that can ever be seen with the naked eye. Its magnitude can reach +5.1, about the same as Uranus.
 * Although people probably saw Vesta and Uranus thousands of years ago, they were not recognised to orbit the Sun until 200 years ago.

The first asteroid to be discovered was Ceres, on 1 January 1801, by Giuseppe Piazzi accidentally. At first he thought this was a comet, then later a planet! When it was realised it was too small Sir William Herschel (the astronomer who discovered Uranus) made up the word "asteroid" to describe it, using the Ancient Greek word aster, meaning star, and the -oid, meaning form or shape. In other words a star-like planet, because he couldn't see any details due to the small size of the object.

By 1807 another 3 asteroids were discovered, but no more were found until 1845 when a persistent asteroid hunter named Karl Ludwig Hencke found a fifth, and sixth asteroid in 1847. Ever since then at least one new asteroid has been found each year.

In 1891, the first pictures of the night sky were taken to find more asteroids. This led to the discovery of many more asteroids. A picture of the same part of the sky is taken on two different nights. When the two pictures are lined up, the stars will be in the same places but an asteroid will have moved.

In our modern times, over 280,000 asteroids have been discovered. Many more are being found all the time. Some of these asteroids pass near the earth and astronomers want to find any that come close to our planet. Large numbers of asteroids are now being discovered by machines.

What are they made of?
Three out of four asteroids are made of rock that is rich in carbon. The rest are made of the metals iron and nickel. About half of these are pure iron and nickel; the rest are mixed with compounds of silica, the element that makes up rocks. Each of the larger metal asteroids contains huge amounts of iron: much more than is mined every year on Earth. Vesta, the brightest asteroid, has a very unusual composition - being made of high-density volcanic rocks.

Scientists are very interested in what asteroids are made of because it can help them learn how the solar system was formed. Several spacecraft have visited asteroids to learn more about them.

Are there asteroids outside of the asteroid belt?
Most asteroids are found in the asteroid belt, but not all. Some asteroids orbit closer to the Sun, and many asteroids orbit beyond Neptune. Asteroids that closely approach Earth are called Near-Earth Asteroids. Sometimes pieces of asteroids strike the Earth, burning in the atmosphere as a meteor. If they are large enough, they might actually hit the surface and become meteorites.

A centaur is a mythical beast having a horse's body with a man's head and torso in place of the head and neck of the horse. There are some asteroids in the outer solar system that are called Centaurs. It is hard to tell whether any one Centaur is an asteroid, comet, or Kuiper Belt object. For example, the first Centaur to be discovered was Chiron(In Greek Mythology, an important centaur). But some scientists think it is a comet, not an asteroid. Officially it is called both the asteroid 2060 Chiron and the comet 95P/Chiron!

In most cases when an asteroid's orbit crosses the path of a planet such as Jupiter, at some point the asteroid will either hit the planet or else be hurled into another orbit. Many of the small moons of some planets may have once been asteroids that were captured by the planet's gravity when they came too close. However there are two points along the orbit of a planet were an asteroid can safely linger. These are found at a point one-sixth (or 60°) of an orbit ahead of the planet, and the same distance behind the planet. These sites are called Lagrange points, and they are found where the force of gravity from the Sun and the planet balance out with the motion of the asteroid's orbit. The asteroids found in these spots are called Trojans, and they move around the Sun at the same velocity as the planet.

Ceres

Ceres is a large Dwarf Planet like Pluto located in the asteroid field. The difference between Ceres and most other dwarf planets is that it is also an asteroid. Ceres is one of the few asteroids that are shaped like      a sphere, and it may have some ice just underneath its dusty surface. It was discovered in 1801 by Giuseppe Piazzi, who was an Italian astronomer.

Some famous asteroids
Ceres the first discovered and biggest asteroid in the solar system.

The asteroid Ida has its own moon named Dactyl. A number of asteroid moons have now been found.

Next Topic: Jupiter

title: Wikijunior:Solar System/Asteroid belt


text:
Guni, Republic of Dagestan

Guni (Гуни; КӀуни) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kazbekovsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 3,101 as of 2010. There are 59 streets.

Nationalities
Avars live there.

Geography
Guni is located 7 km southeast of Dylym (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khubar and Gertma are the nearest rural localities.

title: Guni, Republic of Dagestan


text:
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Wikier007/Archive

Suspected sockpuppets

Possible duck, registered today and their first edit was to remove the undisclosed paid tag from Draft:Gamejam. GSS  💬 14:09, 12 August 2020 (UTC)

Comments by other users

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * Could be Wikier007 or . They have disclosed their paid status, but I'm willing to block them as a meatpuppet. GeneralNotability (talk) 14:50, 18 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Elienor Werner

Elienor Werner (born 5 May 1998) is a Swedish female Pole vaulter, who won an individual gold medal at the Youth World Championships.

title: Elienor Werner


text:
Talk:Derrick Gaffney

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title: Talk:Derrick Gaffney


text:
Introduction to boolean logic

Welcome! This is a lesson in the Introductory Discrete Mathematics for Computer Science course here at Wikiversity.

Basic Principles of Logic
For computer science, it is necessary to understand the basics of logic. Logic is the foundation on which a computer system is built internally. Bits are switched on and off using the binary 1's and 0's. In Boolean Logic, these translate into T (true) and F (false) statements.

Propositions

 * Definition: A statement that is either true or false.

Next Lesson
The second lesson of the course is Using truth tables.

title: Introduction to boolean logic


text:
2013 New Radiant S.C. season

The 2013 season is New Radiant Sports Club's 34th year in existence as a football club. New Radiant also participate in the AFC Cup this season, qualifying directly for the group stage by finishing first in the 2012 Dhivehi League.

Background
New Radiant finished as champions of last year's Dhivehi League, President's Cup and Charity Shield without losing a single game in the league. So they will be participating in the 2013 AFC Cup directly from the group stage.

Velizar Popov was announced as the new head coach on 6 January 2013 following the resignation of Mohamed Shiyaz. Mohamed Iqbal and Mohamed Nizam were named as the assistant coaches, while Ibrahim Shaaz Habeeb as the club manager. Later during the mid season, club part company with Shaaz on mutual understandings, due to his personal responsibility and other reasons.

On 13 January 2013, New Radiant announced that Imran Mohamed will replace Ahmed Thoriq as the team captain, and Ali Ashfaq and Mohamed Umair will be the team vice-captains.

Club announced their 5 new signings at the club's Gold Night. Ali Fasir returned to the Blues after a year, with Mohamed Umair, Rilwan Waheed, Moosa Yaamin and Hussain Niyaz Mohamed.

On 27 January 2013, New Radiant announced the signing of a foreign defender Sylla Mansah.

New Radiant unveiled their new set of signings, Mohamed Jazlaan, Ibrahim Ushamath and Mohamed Shifan at their Open Day.

On 20 June 2013, New Radiant signed Akram Abdul Ghanee from Club Valencia and handed over his brother Assad Abdul Ghanee's number 13 jersey to him. 3 days later on 23 June 2013, club signed Ismail Easa from Maziya. He was given his usual 15 number jersey.

On 26 June 2013, club signed Yusif Nurudeen, a Ghana under–21 international from Medeama Sporting Club on loan until the end of this season.

During the club's mid-term congress, Hassan Shujau and Mohamed Shafeeq were named as the new vice chairman of the club. And club also announced that in honour of club supporters, New Radiant will vacant the number 12 jersey from next season.

New Radiant loaned three of their youth players; Mohamed Karam, Ali Athoof and Ibrahim Waheed to the Third division side Thoddoo FC.

Kit
Supplier: MediaNet / Sponsor: Milo State Trading Organization (STO) signed a sponsorship agreement with New Radiant on 14 February 2013. On 6 July 2013, club announced the extension of the sponsorship agreement with the main sponsor Milo to another two years.

On 31 July 2013, New Radiant signed a deal of MVR 1.4 million with Sports Power for two years (from 2014 season), with the local brand Sports Power as the club's kit provider. The current kit provider is MediaNet since 2012.

Competition record

 * *Draws include knockout matches decided on penalty kicks.

Group stage
New Radiant and Yangon United are tied on head-to-head record, and so are ranked by overall goal difference.

FA Cup
* Victory Sports Club withdraw from 2013 FA Cup and the match awarded New Radiant a 2–0 win.

title: 2013 New Radiant S.C. season


text:
Robert Reimann (politician)

Robert Reimann (17 December 1911 – 28 August 1987) was a Swiss politician, member of the federal parliament (1955–1979) and President of the Swiss Council of States in 1977/1978.

title: Robert Reimann (politician)


text:
Allan Coxon

Allan H. Coxon (22 November 1909 – 27 October 2001) was an English scholar.

Biography
Coxon was born in Derby, England, and was educated at Derby Grammar School and at Oriel College Oxford under Sir David Ross. He also studied in Germany with Julius Stenzel and in Austria with Heinrich Gomperz. He was appointed to the University of Edinburgh in 1933.

He had an interest in world politics, joining the new League of Nations at the age of 14. Except for a wartime break in Naval Intelligence he taught at the University of Edinburgh, first as Assistant, later as senior lecturer in Greek language and Literature. He was appointed Reader in Ancient Philosophy in 1964 and retired in 1980 at the age of 70. Coxon is survived by his wife, Carolyn, and their three children, Alice, John and Edmund. He also has seven grandchildren.

Works

 * The Fragments of Parmenides: A Critical Text With Introduction and Translation, the Ancient Testimonia and a Commentary
 * The Philosophy of Forms: An Analytical and Historical Commentary on Plato's Parmenides: With a New English Translation

title: Allan Coxon


text:
User:WayDustin/sandbox

Beaten coffee is an Indian home-style coffee beverage made mostly with instant coffee and sugar. It is known as 'beaten' as the process involves beating the coffee and sugar together with a spoon to aerate into a light brown fluffy paste-like substance. It is generally served with warm milk, which creates a thick froth on the top. Another popular way of serving it is by pouring the paste on top of a cup of warm or cold milk.

Other names[edit]
It is sometimes referred to as soft coffee, hand-beaten Indian Cappuccino, Indian Coffee, Pakistani Coffee, Desi Coffee, Phentui Hui, Fitti Hui, ghar ghar ki khanani, or Whipped Coffee.

For this article, we were unable to find any robust sources that fit under the Wikipedia guidelines. Initially, we had planned to add a culture section, an ingredients section, and some images. However, because the only concrete information we could find traced the origin back to Korean culture, we felt that any culture information we could add would be better suited to the Dalgona coffee article. Any other information gathered about the origin is unreliable, although it is widely agreed that "Beaten Coffee" is an Indian style Cappuccino. An ingredients section would mostly just include references to other wikipedia articles like that of instant coffee and sugar, so there isn't much in that either although we have considered adding that before we move on. We elected not to search for images because we plan to scrap this article due to the lack of robust sources. Our new article is relatively short with a large reference section, so we are confident we will be able to find sources we can use. We feel we can do no more with this article and are officially changing our topic to Earl Grey Tea. Dustin was responsible for searching for sources. Samantha and Chase were responsible for coming up with the ingredients section.

title: User:WayDustin/sandbox


text:
Spanish/How To Conjugate Verbs

Present Indicative
The Present Indicative is the most basic (though not the easiest) and essential tense in Spanish. There are more than few dozen irregular verbs with varying degrees of irregularities. It should be noted that all the second person informal conjugations end with s.

-AR Verbs
-AR verbs are conjugated by removing the "-ar" from the infinitive and adding the endings.

Yo             -o     Nosotros                  -amos Tú            -as    Vosotros                 -áis Usted,él,ella  -a     Ustedes,ellos,ellas       -an

Hablar (to speak)
hablo  hablamos hablas habláis habla  hablan

-ER Verbs
Like the -AR verbs, -ER verbs are conjugated by removing the infinitive ending "-er" and adding the endings.

-o    -emos -es   -éis -e    -en

Beber (to drink)
bebo  bebemos bebes bebéis bebe  beben

Hacer (to make)
hago  hacemos haces haceis hace  hacen

-IR Verbs
-IR verbs are conjugated by removing the infinitive ending "-ir" and adding the endings.

-o    -imos -es   -ís -e    -en

Vivir (to live)
vivo  vivimos vives vivís vive  viven

Ser (to be)
soy   somos eres  sois es    son

Estar (to be)
estoy estamos estás estáis está  están

Ir (to go)
voy   vamos vas   vais va    van

Haber (to have)
he    hemos has   habéis ha/hay han/hay

First Person Singular Irregularity
Some verbs only have irregularity in the first person singular forms.

Verbs with a -cir and -cer endings also replace the c in -cir and -cer with 'zc' in the first person singular form.
 * conocer (to know) - conozco
 * traducir (to translate) - traduzco
 * conducir (to drive) - conduzco

Some verbs end in -go instead of the regular -o for the first person singular form, these are completely irregular.
 * poner (to put) - pongo
 * salir (to leave) - salgo

Also, some verbs end in -jo instead of -o for the first person singular.
 * escoger (to choose) - escojo
 * corregir (to correct) - correjo

Four verbs are uniquely irregular only in the first person singular forms:
 * saber (to know) - sé
 * caber (to fit) - quepo
 * dar (to give) - doy
 * ver (to see) - veo

Stem Changes
Some verbs change their stems when conjugated in these forms: yo, tú, él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, and ustedes. There are four stem changes in the present tense o to ue, u to ue, e to ie, and e to i. The e to i change only occurs in -IR verbs. The easy way to memorize the change in which forms is called "The Boot." It must be pointed out, however, that using memory techniques to learn a language can prevent one from ever learning the language fluently. Children don't use "tricks" to learn a language (did you?). The way to learn a language is to socially interact with those who speak the language you wish to learn. And remember, never, ever, translate, as it will irreparably impair your ability to learn a new language.

O to Ue - Dormir (to sleep)
duermo   dormimos duermes  dormís duerme   duermen

U to Ue - Jugar (to play)
juego    jugamos juegas   jugáis juega    juegan

E to Ie - Empezar (to begin)
empiezo  empezamos empiezas empezáis empieza  empiezan

E to I - Pedir (to ask/TO ORDER)
pido     pedimos pides    pedís pide     piden

Imperfect
The Imperfect is the easiest tense to learn in Spanish because the conjugations are almost completely regular: there are 3 irregular verbs! In all conjugations of the Imperfect, the first person singular forms (yo) and the third person singular/second person polite forms are same. For example, "caminaba" can mean "he used to walk" or "I was walking."

-AR Verbs
-AR verbs are conjugated by removing the "-ar" and adding the following endings (note accent on nosotros form!):

-aba   -ábamos -abas  -abais -aba   -aban

Estudiar (to study)
estudiaba   estudiábamos estudiabas  estudiabais estudiaba   estudiaban

-ER and -IR Verbs
-ER and -IR Verbs are conjugated identically by removing the "-er" or "-ir" and adding the following endings (note accents on all forms!):

-ía   -íamos -ías  -íais -ía   -ían

Beber (to drink)
bebía   bebíamos bebías  bebíais bebía   bebían

Salir (to leave)
salía  salíamos salías  salíais salía   salían

Irregular Verbs
There are only 3 irregular verbs in the Imperfect tense: Ser, Ir, and Ver.

Ser (to be)
era   éramos eras  erais era   eran

Ir (to go)
iba   íbamos ibas  ibais iba   iban

Ver (to see)
veía   veíamos veías  veíais veía   veían

-AR Verbs
-AR verbs are conjugated by removing the "-ar" from the infinitive and adding the endings.

-é    -amos -aste   -asteis -ó    -aron

Comprar (to buy)
compré    compramos compraste comprasteis compró    compraron

-ER & IR Verbs
Like the -AR verbs, -ER & -IR verbs are conjugated by removing the infinitive ending "-er" or "-ir" and adding the endings.

-í    -imos -iste   -isteis -ió    -ieron

Comer (to eat)
comí      comimos comiste   comisteis comió    comieron

Vivir (to live)
viví  vivimos viviste vivisteis vivío  vivieron

Irregular Verbs
Note: Ir and Ser are identical in the Preterite

Ir (to go) and Ser (to be)
fui  fuimos fuiste  fuisteis fue fueron

Tener (to have)
tuve  tuvimos tuviste  tuvisteis tuvo  tuvieron

Haber (to have auxiliary)
hube  hubimos hubiste  hubisteis hubo  hubieron

Future
In Spanish, especially in Latin American countries, it is more usual to utilise the ir + infinitive verb form (like going to) than the future conjugation.

Example
Yo "Voy a comer" instead of "Comeré" Tu "Vas a comer" instead of "Comerás" El "Va a comer" instead of "Comerá" Nosotros "Vamos a comer" instead of "Comeremos" Vosotros "Vais a comer" instead of "Comeréis" Ellos "Van a comer" instead of "Comerán"

Still it is easy: Remember the present tense of verb "Haber" minus "h" and add to the infinitive form of the verb

The verb "Haber": he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han

For future = é, ás, á, emos, éis, án

Example:Amar
Yo amaré Tu amarás El amará Nosotros amaremos Vosotros amaréis Ellos amarán

Temer
Yo temeré Tú temerás Él temerá Nosotros temeremos Vosotros temeréis Ellos temerán

Partir
Yo partiré .. partirás, partirá, partiremos, partiréis, partirán

An so on in many many verbs. There are exceptions but easy ones

Salir (exception it changes to saldr) Yo saldré, saldrás, saldrá, saldremos, saldréis, saldrán

Venir (exception it changes to vendr) Yo vendré, vendrás, vendrá, vendremos, vendréis, vendrán

Conditional
In this tense, the action is conditioned to something to happen. Use conditional for asking in polite form like in English with would. Or use it to form conditional expressions.

¿Vendrías a casa? = Would you like to come home? ¿Tomarías café? = Would you like to drink coffee? Comería si tubiera hambre = I would eat if I was hungry.

-ar, -er and -ir verbs
ía  iamos ías íais ía  ían

Amar amaría amaríamos amarías amaríais amaría amarían

Temer temería temeríamos temerías temeríais temería temerían

Partir partiría partiríamos partirías partiríais partiría partirían

These changes in the conditional tense apply even to the verbs Ser, Estar and Ir!

Exceptions

Tener (changes to tendr): tendría, tendrías, tendríamos, tendríais, tendrían Salir (changes to sald): saldría, saldrías, saldríamos, saldríais, saldrían and so on

Preterite Perfect
The meaning is not the same as in English: Something that has been done in the past but still important in the present or continue by the moment.

Format Haber verb + past participle of the verb

Examples that home (and still living today) Viví en esa casa = I lived in that home (not now) He tomado mucho = I had drunk a lot (now I'm full) Tomé mucho = I drank a lot (may be yesterday) Viví mucho tiempo = wrong tense unless it was a ghost talking Well usually in Latin America they almost never use this tense and mix the past perfect and simple past you have to adapt the meaning. Usually people from Spain use the tense properly but in Latin American to use this tense could show some fancy - elevated studies language that is not the normal rule or can be comic to some one from there.

Amar (to love) he amado hemos amado has amado habéis amado ha amado han amado

Tomar (to drink) he tomado hemos tomado has tomado habéis tomado ha tomado han tomado

and so on. There are no exceptions.

Conditional Perfect
same as formal commands

Commands
Commands are one of the easiest tenses to learn in Spanish because it has only few irregularities and there are only four forms (tú, usted, vosotros, and ustedes) instead of the regular six and relies on other conjugated forms.

-AR, -ER, and -IR verbs
For any type of verb, simply change the form of the verb to the él/ella/Ud. form. For vosotros commands, add a "d".

Cerrar (to close)
cierra cerrad

Traer (to bring)
trae traed

Irregular Tú Commands
There are eight irregular commands. They are as follows:

Ir (to go) - ve                       Venir (to come) - ven Ser (to be) - sé                      Tener (to have) - ten Hacer (to do/make) - haz              Decir (to say/tell) - di   Poner (to put/place) - pon             Salir (to get out) - sal

-AR verbs
For the -AR verbs, take the first person singular form (yo) and take off the -o and add the command endings to the stem.

-e   -en

Nadar (to swim)
I swim - Nado // You swim - Nades // He/she swims - Nade // we swim - nademos // they swim - naden //

-ER & -IR verbs
For the -ER and -IR verbs, take the first person singular form (yo) and take off the -o and add the command endings to the stem.

-a   -an

caber (to fit) - Irregular yo form quepo
quepa quepan

pedir (to ask for) - Stem change e to i
pida pidan

Double Changes
Verbs that end in -car, -gar, and -zar which changes their endings to -que, -gue, and -ce, respectively

secar (to dry)
Seque Sequen

jugar (to play) - Stem change u to ue
Juegue Jueguen

Ser (to be)
Sea   Sean

Estar (to be)
Esté  Estén

Ir (to go)
Vaya Vayan

Dar (to give)
Dé    Den

Saber (to know)
Sepa  Sepan

title: Spanish/How To Conjugate Verbs


text:
Statics

Objective
By the end of this course, you should understand the fundamentals of forces and moments, and be able to solve equilibrium problems for rigid (non-deformable) bodies in both two and three dimensions.

What You Should Already Know
In order to completely comprehend the material in this course, you should have a firm understanding of all math leading up to Calculus I. Also, an understanding of basic physics, as well as technical sketching is useful.

Introduction

 * Introduction to Statics
 * Measurement and Units
 * Vector Math

Forces

 * Newton's Laws and Equilibrium
 * Forces As Vectors
 * Resultants of Force Systems

Equilibrium For Points and Rigid Bodies

 * Rigid Body Equilibrium
 * Two-Dimensional Equilibrium
 * Three-Dimensional Equilibrium

Structural Analysis

 * Trusses
 * Method of Joints
 * Method of Sections
 * Multiforce Members

Internal Forces

 * Internal Forces

Moments of Inertia

 * Moment of Inertia

Center of Gravity and Centroids

 * Center of Gravity and Centroid
 * Center of Gravity Problems

Quizzes and Tests

 * Quizzes
 * Tests

Acknowledgement and Further Reading
Acknowledgements and Further Reading

Printable Version
There is a printable version of this book.

Física/Estática Mécanique, enseignée via l'Histoire des Sciences/Statique Introdução à Física/Estática

title: Statics


text:
Shivpur, Barhara

Shivpur is a village in Barhara block of Bhojpur district in Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 2,084, in 333 households. Arrah is the nearest major city.

title: Shivpur, Barhara


text:
Sauda Skisenter

Sauda Skisenter is a winter sports centre located on a mountain above the village of Saudasjøen and about 5 kilometers from the town of Sauda in Rogaland, Norway.

title: Sauda Skisenter


text:
Vietnamese/Comparison

Vietnamese creates comparatives and superlatives out of adjectives and adverbs simply by adding a word to the end. First of all, what are comparatives and superlatives? Comparatives are demonstrated in the following sentences:

 * He is taller than I am.
 * You have more than I do.

They simply express a comparison between two items. Superlatives are demonstrated in the following sentences:

 * He is the tallest of the three.
 * She brought the most cookies.

They express the outcome of a comparison between more than two items. (All of the items being compared, except for "she," are implied in the second sentence.)

Comparatives
In Vietnamese, comparatives are formed by placing hơn after the adjective or adverb. For example:

 * Nó cao hơn anh.
 * He is taller than I. (literally: He tall more me.)
 * Ông có hơn con.
 * You, sir, have more than I. (literally: You (sir) have more me.)

(More to come.)

title: Vietnamese/Comparison


text:
Gachnang

Gachnang is a municipality in the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

History
Gachnang is first mentioned in 889 as Kachanang. In the local dialect it has traditionally been known as Gochlingen.

In the Egelsee area (north of Niederwil) a number of significant artifacts from the Pfyn culture have been discovered. In 889 King Arnulf gave his follower Diethelm a manor house in Gachnang with ten dependent huts. From the 11th Century, Gachnang was a possession of the monastery of Reichenau. The Lords of Gachnang administered the village as a Ministerialis (unfree knights in the service of a feudal overlord) for first the Kyburg and later Reichenau Abbey. They ruled from the, now ruined, Alt-Gachnang Castle or from the Meierhof Meiersberg. During 1336 a family which took on the von Gachnang name were given the Gachnang Castle and the lands surrounding it. In 1417, the Lords of Schinen began to rule over the village. Before 1500, they built Neu-Gachnang Castle. In 1562, the village was acquired by Kaspar Ludwig von Heidenheim, then in 1587 by Hector von Beroldingen and 1623 by Einsiedeln Abbey. The Abbey retained the low justice rights until 1798.

The parish of Gachnang existed well before 1000 and included a number of villages in the Thurgau and Zurich area, including the filial church at Ellikon an der Thur (until 1651) and Gerlikon (until 1874). The construction of the current church took place before the 13th Century. The border between the counties of Kyburg and Thurgau (now the boundary between the cantons of Zurich and Thurgau) ran through the middle of the parish, starting in 1427. In 1528 the entire municipality converted to the Protestant Reformation. In the wake of Gachnangerhandels of 1610 the parish was divided, and the (built in 1587) Catholic chapel became a parish church. The right to appoint a priest was held by Reichenau and the Bishop of Constance.

The farming village has not grown far from the medieval settlement centers of the church and castle. Only since the mid-20th Century has the village expanded into a typical residential community. In 1998 the villages of Kefikon, Islikon, Gerlikon, Niederwil and Oberwil merged with Gachnang.

Geography
Gachnang has an area,, of 9.72 km2. Of this area, 6.32 km2 or 65.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.62 km2 or 16.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.74 km2 or 17.9% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 or 0.4% is either rivers or lakes and 0.06 km2 or 0.6% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 8.2% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 1.6% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.2%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 6.5%. Out of the forested land, 14.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.7% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 63.1% is used for growing crops, while 2.0% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.2% is in lakes and 0.2% is in rivers and streams.

The municipality is located in the Frauenfeld district. It consists of the villages of Gachnang, Kefikon, Islikon and Niederwiland and the hamlets of Strass and Bethelhausen as well as Oberwil with Rosenhuben.

Demographics
Gachnang has a population of. , 10.7% of the population are foreign nationals. Most of the population speaks Swiss German (93.3%), with Italian being second most common ( 2.7%) and Albanian being third ( 0.7%).

, the gender distribution of the population was 50.7% male and 49.3% female. The population was made up of 1,515 Swiss men (45.0% of the population), and 191 (5.7%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,491 Swiss women (44.3%), and 169 (5.0%) non-Swiss women.

In there were 24 live births to Swiss citizens and 2 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 22 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 2 while the foreign population increased by 2. There were 1 Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 12 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 6 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 42 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 18 people. This represents a population growth rate of 1.8%.

The age distribution,, in Gachnang is; 397 children or 11.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 460 teenagers or 13.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 400 people or 11.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 432 people or 12.6% are between 30 and 39, 655 people or 19.1% are between 40 and 49, and 512 people or 15.0% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 351 people or 10.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 145 people or 4.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 61 people or 1.8% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 10 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.

, there were 1,124 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household. there were 578 single family homes (or 86.9% of the total) out of a total of 665 inhabited buildings. There were 33 two family buildings (5.0%), 16 three family buildings (2.4%) and 38 multi-family buildings (or 5.7%). There were 693 (or 23.8%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 1,707 (or 58.7%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 110 (or 3.8%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 20 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 5 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 17 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 52 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.

The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 1.04%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.7 new units per 1000 residents. there were 1,205 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 345. There were 16 single room apartments and 224 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Gachnang was 1099.05 Swiss francs (CHF) per month (US$880, £490, €700 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one-room apartment was 486.67 CHF (US$390, £220, €310), a two-room apartment was about 858.07 CHF (US$690, £390, €550), a three-room apartment was about 920.39 CHF (US$740, £410, €590) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1628.29 CHF (US$1300, £730, €1040). The average apartment price in Gachnang was 98.5% of the national average of 1116 CHF.

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 45.49% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (13.32%), the SP (12.79%) and the Green Party (10.89%). In the federal election, a total of 1,107 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 48.5%.

The historical population is given in the following table:

Heritage sites of national significance
The Egelsee (prehistoric shore front settlement) and Former Factory Greuterhof with a Barn are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance. The prehistoric settlement at Egelsee is part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Economy
, Gachnang had an unemployment rate of 1.16%. , there were 98 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 34 businesses involved in this sector. 370 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 43 businesses in this sector. 465 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 96 businesses in this sector.

there were 2,134 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,243 or about 58.2% of the residents worked outside Gachnang while 514 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,405 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 13.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 53.9% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 820 or 28.2% were Roman Catholic, while 1,560 or 53.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 Old Catholics (or about 0.07% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland there are 24 individuals (or about 0.83% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 111 individuals (or about 3.82% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish, and 58 (or about 2.00% of the population) who are Islamic. There are 16 individuals (or about 0.55% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 220 (or about 7.57% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 94 individuals (or about 3.23% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Gachnang about 79.5% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Gachnang is home to the Gachnang primary school district.

In the 2008/2009 school year there are 383 students. There are 87 children in the kindergarten, and the average class size is 21.75 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 50 or 57.5% are female, 6 or 6.9% are not Swiss citizens and 8 or 9.2% do not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and lasts for 6 years. There are 154 children in who are at the lower primary level and 142 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school is 21.14 students. At the lower primary level, there are 75 children or 48.7% of the total population who are female, 13 or 8.4% are not Swiss citizens and 12 or 7.8% do not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there are 72 or 50.7% who are female, 10 or 7.0% are not Swiss citizens and 6 or 4.2% do not speak German natively.

Transport
Gachnang-Islikon railway station is a stop of the Zurich S-Bahn on services S24 and S30.

title: Gachnang


text:
PALplus

Proper noun

 * 1) An enhanced version of the PAL TV system capable of transmitting pictures in the 16:9 widescreen format.

title: PALplus


text:
Talk:List of ambassadors of Yemen to the United States

Father of Hoda Muthana
This twitter thread includes an image claiming to be an extract from the "UN Bluebook" from August 1994 listing Ahmed Ali Saleh Muthana as active diplomat (or secretary of diplomat?) Yemin to USA. Ostensibly, he retired in October 1994 and Hoda was born that November.

I don't have access to the necessary primary sources to confirm his inclusion in this wiki listing, but maybe more versed editors could?

Also: suggest maybe semi-protect since if I could find it any joe blow online could, too, and thanks to all the recent blowup someone is going to be more bold with it.

---another point: if he was an attache, as opposed to a full ambassador, would that affect Hoda's legal status eligibility? Maybe someone in the law fields can review the relevent pages on that.

---also: thoughts on giving Hoda a page under notable?

edit: add this...it looks like the author might be the same man - https://theglobepost.com/2018/08/02/al-qaeda-yemen-al-islah/ 2603:9000:A30C:AC00:F160:E859:B290:3323 (talk) 15:59, 21 February 2019 (UTC)


text:
Talk:German/Level I

Creating Review one
Why not combine the test's from all the first 3 lesson and use it as a huge review... A simple past and edit. --Andrewcool 02:36, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)

In level 1 Section I.3, no section mentions the question words... --cwwongak 06:35, 2 Jan 2017 (GMT+8)

Look of the contents pages
The number of images on the contents page (especially this level) is a bit excessive. In Firefox, the castle photo squashes the text and the three bits of clipart as well as levels 1, 2 and 3 together. However, in Internet Explorer, it looks even worse with a large gap of white space. I propose losing the clipart (you never see clipart in the contents pages of textbooks)

 * That's fine by me. Actually, the white space was there before I put the clipart in, and I thought that it would liven up the page (I use IE). If we reformat the page as you suggest, could we add the clipart back in? Of course, it would be nice if we could get actual photos, or a good artist... Anyway, would you happen to know if there's a way to make the castle photo some kind of background? - SamE 00:40, 30 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Activity
I was just curious about how active this book actually is. I am interested in using this German book to assist me in my learning but as of now it does not appear to have much activity in the building of it.

Will the book have added pages soon? --Mitchowen 16:58, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't know how active this book is either, as I just started working on it myself. However, I for one plan on updating rather frequently, adding vocabulary and writing problems and review pages, and whatever else I can get around to. --MasterSheep 22:35, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Pronunciation
I think information on how to pronounce the phrases given (for example the hellos and goodbyes) would be good... Sotakeit 18:54, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

I think the reviews are going to have the pronuctions. So we don't need them in the main lessons...German Man92 16:56, 3 Feb. 2006 (UTC)

Long 'S'
There are several occurrences of the long 's' in titles throughout this book, but always as |, which to me just looks plain ugly. Why not use ſ (Unicode U+017F) instead?

This:   A Beginners Course in German

rather than this:   A Beginner| Cour|e in German --Xeon 00:36, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

It isn't long s, in the schwaben alt font "s" is "ſ", and "|" is "s" --German Men92 20:43, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

 * 1st: there isn't a "|" in the german language anymore. 2nd: the schaben alt font is not representative for the german language. 3rd: why should we use the schaben alt font? 4th: i did't know the | until today (I'm german) -- <IP_ADDRESS> 02:27, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Actually the schwaben font in very representative for the german language. It was widely used in German, until hitler took over and called it "jewish", and I don't want to use the long s, I want to use the normal s, use requires me useing "|". --German Men92 02:34, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * "Actually the schwaben font in very representative for the german language". No, it was representative until 16th century. "it was replaced by the fraktur as the most-used German typeface". OK, we can use something like but A Beginner| Cour|e in German is an ugly typo (except for  you) :) --<IP_ADDRESS> 17:07, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

Just a short info about the "ſ". This letter never used to occur in the end of a syllable, hence "Beginner's" would always have been written with an "s" (indicating the end of a syllable was the point of using two kinds of "s" in the first place - e.g. in "Häschen" - not "Häſchen"). As for the "ſ" in today's German - it is non-existent. Thus, I would suggest removing it all together. After all, learning a historical version of German won't be of much help to a beginner after all. --Martin, Eichendorffschule 23:00, 19 May 2006 (UTC)

 * We shouldn't use special fonts for this purpose. It's okay in the PDF version, but here most people are just going to see "A Beginner| Cour|e in German".--Aleron235 19:25, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

Where are the tests?
Why are there no tests present on this page? I would like to learn German using this text, but I find it most difficult without the tests. Please post them if possible.

Answer to above problem: the tests are there. you go under the test bracket on the page and click the drop down arrow next to the word 'problems'. this is your test.

where is the test bracket i could not find  on the page

Low Volume
Hello ,the volume is too lowwwww! —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (discuss) 10:43, 25 October 2011 (UTC)
 * I tend to agree & will see what I can do about it. Recent Runes (discuss • contribs) 18:34, 25 October 2011 (UTC)
 * I have now modified the audio files used in Lesson 1, which I think gives a worthwhile improvement. There may be more work to do on the other lessons though. Recent Runes (discuss • contribs) 21:27, 25 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I think the files for Lesson 1 are now OK. Just a remark: adjusting the volume for each file usually solves the problem for me. However, this is of course inconvenient. --Martin Kraus (discuss • contribs) 12:39, 26 October 2011 (UTC)

Update Question
Hi I am loving this Wikibook and would like to thank all the kind people for putting it together, I see the updates on it were done long ago, anyone knows when or how it'll be developed. At least the beginner course?

english
dialogs <IP_ADDRESS> (discuss) 20:21, 11 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:German/Level I


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/David Madden (entrepreneur)

The result was speedy keep. The nominator has withdrawn their nomination and no one other than the nominator recommended that the page be deleted. --Malcolmxl5 (talk) 17:50, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

David Madden (entrepreneur)

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Sources used are brief mentions, quotes or do not mention the subject of the article. Searches reveal quite a few "David Maddens" but no sources on this one. It is always difficult however to verify whether sources exist for someone that has a common name. CorporateM (Talk) 17:23, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of People-related deletion discussions. Rahat (Talk * Contributions) 18:11, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Australia-related deletion discussions. Rahat (Talk * Contributions) 18:11, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep. Co-founding both GetUp and Avaaz are two extremely large claims to notability. He isn't the easiest person to search for due to his name, but I found three book sources referring to his history and the significance of his roles within the first two pages of a search for "David Madden" "Avaaz". I think this one passes WP:GNG by a mile, even if the current article isn't stellar. The Drover's Wife (talk) 09:12, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Which specific book sources are you referring to? The only ones that I can find from that search say no more about him than that he is a co-founder of Avaaz and a Harvard graduate. If that's all we know about him from reliable sources then it can be included in the Avaaz article with a redirect from his name, rather than in a separate article. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:41, 13 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I just sourced every statement in the article without any trouble. The Drover's Wife (talk) 02:59, 14 February 2015 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, -- Sam Sing! 18:32, 16 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep plenty of refs if you add "getup" to google search queries. Mentioned, among other places, in criticism by current senior Federal cabinet minister Abetz - indicating a strong impact on Australian federal politics, as well as smh the age advertiser 7.30 book the monthly the Aus opinion quadrant. Better to PRESERVE articles with few refs/issues that later get edited to satisfactory quality. -- Aronzak (talk) 13:55, 18 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Withdrawn Per these two sources and the "weaving a new type of web" source, which makes at least two substantial pieces where Madden is the subject of the article. CorporateM (Talk) 16:05, 19 February 2015 (UTC)
 * OK to remove AFD tag from the page? -- Aronzak (talk) 00:46, 20 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Conic sections

ellipse
The description at MathWorld seems to indicate that in the equation

 * $$\frac{y^2}{a^2}+\frac{x^2}{b^2}=1$$

"a" is the half the length of the major axis and "b" is half the length of the minor axis.--JWSchmidt 13:34, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

 * After reviewing the material on Mathworld carefully, I agree with JWS. I'm going to change the page. Historybuff 15:42, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Conic sections


text:
Talk:US History/Roaring Twenties and Prohibition

Did the suffragists play a role in the prohibition law?

Suffrage and the 1920s
I disagree with the placement of the Women's Suffrage movement in the chapter beginning in 1920 because the Nineteenth Amendment (which is all the section about women currently covers here) was officially ratified with Tennessee in June of 1920. I believe this section should be placed in the last chapter (which spans the primary period of the movement), or, at the very least, put the official ratification at the very beginning of the section on women in this chapter.

The big deal about many, though not most, women in the 1920s was the flapper. They began a revolution among women, and I believe that should be covered far more than the suffrage movement in this chapter.

-- Lord Mardicia

There's too much material about Germany
Why is there so much information about Germany here? It's American history, not the "History Channel". Too many history buffs are closet Nazis. If there's any German content to add, it's about the German-American ethnic community, it's relation to the Midwest, and Americanization policies. That relates to the rise of the KKK and African Americans. The 1920s was the Great Migration, when African Americans migrated from the South to the North and West, to escape the poverty of sharecropping and oppression of Jim Crow. There was also a tide of anti-Asian nativism that culminated in stopping of immigration from Asia. There should also be a discussion of isolationism after WW1

Also, the Prohibition movement and the Suffrage movement were related - leading Suffragists were leaders in the Prohibition movement, and they allied with secular womens' groups. There was a huge morality movement, and it was led by women. How can one discuss prohibition without the WCTU?

The Henry Ford stuff should be expanded. The development of the assembly line was a significant change. Until Ford, cars were produced by groups of workers acting as craftsmen. Ford reduced the skill required to assemble the car, and hired less skilled farm boys to work in the factories.

The Roaring 20s were not only a period of prosperity and technology -- it was also the formation of a bubble economy built on speculation and overvalued real estate and easy credit, and this led to the Great Depression.

Re: Revivalism
This was actually a long-ranging topic. The Five Fundamentals (the basis for Fundamentalism) were formulated in the 1890s. Amee Semple MacPherson and Billy Sunday had begun their careers in the Teens. It's possible that tabloids and radio increased the visibility of the revival movement (and tent meetings gained electric lighting and amplification), but there was actually a decline in activity. Pittsburgh Poet (discuss • contribs) 14:14, 8 November 2014 (UTC)


text:
تشريع

Etymology
Verbal noun of From the root

Noun

 * 1) legislation (an Arabic term used by the Fuqaha, or Muslim jurists. Literally it means the process of legislation. Technically it means the establishing of Shari'a law, elucidating the rulings and canonizing the law.)
 * 2) legal restriction
 * 1) legal restriction

title: تشريع


text:
mackle

Etymology 1
From the earlier form, from , which see for more.

Verb

 * 1)  To assemble in a makeshift manner; to cobble together.

title: mackle


text:
Park Jung-eun

Park Jung-eun (born 14 January 1977 in Seoul, South Korea) is a Korean basketball player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics, the 2000 Summer Olympics, the 2004 Summer Olympics, and the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Park is married to actor Han Sang-jin.

title: Park Jung-eun


text:
Go to School

Go to School is the second studio album by American band The Lemon Twigs. It was released on August 24, 2018 through 4AD. Subtitled "a musical by the Lemon Twigs", it is a concept album about a chimpanzee raised as a human boy.

title: Go to School


text:
Talk:South Dakota-class battleship (1939)

Deletion/Revision of Opening Para.
"These ships are considered the best Treaty battleships ever built, and quite possibly the finest battleships ever built on a ton-for-ton basis, due to their armament, protection, and excellent fire control."

I don't see how claiming anything to be "the best" - unless discussing that which is irrefutable, eg. Academy Awards for Best...,etc - contributes to the article. Moreover, the two sources for this claim are dubious to say the least, coming from personal, non-peer review websites. Note that there is a precedent for not accepting citations from http://www.combinedfleet.com given its mostly fictional content and anecdotal (at best) criteria for choosing what it (or the author) considers "the best".

(for that see []

Also, I'd be hesitant to accept anything from Navweaps.com - the "citation" gives no evidence, proof or justification for this rather grand claim.

There is much else that could be added - the position of the SoDak as Treaty battleships at all, given that they commissioned six years after the US effectively began circumventing the Treaty in relation to the Japanese violation - but the above is enough anyway.

This isn't a busy page, but if there is no objection to the rev. I'll go ahead at a later date. <IP_ADDRESS> 02:57, 21 August 2007 (UTC)Cohaagen

 * That seems fair to me. I have no objetions to removing it entirely.Parsecboy 10:12, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

"SoDak"
I don't know where this came from, but I don't remember reading anywhere that the class was referred to as such historically, and as such I don't think that it belongs here. --Lord Kelvin 05:19, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

Propulsion
According to this source, the outboard screws were aft of the inboard pair, an arrangement that I read somewhere is referred to as a "tunnel stern" (I am relying on memory, so don't quote me). I know of no other ships like this, so I think it is worth a mention. This could open a whole new can of worms: why was it done?, and was it successful?
 * I have one more very trivial comment, which you may disregard without prejudice if you wish. In the section describing the sloped armor, this phrase appears: "...plunging shells would strike it at an angle closer to the perpendicular, which increased their striking force." As a physicist and not a naval architect, I find that this use of the word force makes me cringe. I would refer to their ability to penetrate, which is what it is all about anyway.
 * By the way, I think that this is an excellent article. PKKloeppel (talk) 15:20, 9 July 2009 (UTC)

 * Thanks for taking a look at the article. I fixed the "force" bit you mentioned, and will look into the propulsion stuff. I thought I had mentioned it in the article, but I guess I lost track of it. If I can find enough material, I'd like to write a separate section on the propulsion system, and it would have the analysis of it you're talking about. Thanks again. Parsecboy (talk) 16:23, 9 July 2009 (UTC)

Displacement
I know this was supposed to be a 'Treaty' battleship but 35000 tons standard seems way off.

Displacement: 35,000 tons (standard) 44,519 tons (full load)

Even the fat Yamato did not have a near 10k difference between standard and full load.

My Jane's 'Battleships of WW2' gives a figure of about 41,000 standard displacement. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:42, 12 April 2012 (UTC)

 * This figure (35,000t) is completely made up and is not based on anything other than a lay understanding of Washington's limits & subsequent treaty adherence to this. The notion that these were 'Treaty Battleships' is just that - notional - and they were in fact finalised as designs in a period where the international arms limitation treaty system was rapidly unravelling.
 * There is absolutely no controversy whatsoever in acknowledging that, at this time, the USN was not interested in strict adherence to the 35,000t limit in the same way that Tennyson d'Eyncourt's team had been in the 1920s viz the Nelson design process and goals. It is quite plain for all to see that, while the preceding North Carolina was initially aimed at staying within the in-force 35,000 ton limit, the modifications to the design were in line with anticipated escalation and the resultant overweight nature of the North Carolinas as completed to 16-inch paradigm was not viewed as controversial in the slightest either.
 * By the time the South Dakotas are authorised for construction, the treaty system is toppling. Accordingly, this design, intended from the keel up to fit the 16-inch paradigm, anticipates the imminent total failure of the treaty system and incorporates an overweight margin within what would still be seen as acceptable percentages. Thus, a ten percent 'over' is settled upon and construction commences on the basis that this will not be a 35,000-ton std battleship, but 'designed for' the 35,000 category in principle only.
 * Most importantly, every single battleship design of the period came out with 'untidy', real-world displacement figures which were in no way 'round'. In this regard, the "35,000t" figure triggers Occam's Razor, which determines that such a round and precisely accurate-to-the-limit figure is less than likely, while a figure differing from the treaty limit is more likely to be the correct one.
 * Friedman in Conways (1980) gives a standard displacement of 37,970 tons. He is perhaps the single most authoritative American naval historian to the present day. His figures are well-known and are preferable to the absolute chimera of a 'true 35,000t std' design (which never existed anywhere other than in a paper concept). 2A00:23C7:3119:AD01:52D:8196:8CE5:CFF5 (talk) 13:55, 3 June 2023 (UTC)
 * There is, unfortunately, a discrepancy with Friedman; his U.S. Battleships: An Illustrated Design History gives the figures as 35,412 standard, 42,782 full load for South Dakota as of 15 March 1942. Parsecboy (talk) 14:55, 3 June 2023 (UTC)

Complement
Suggest addition of crew size details to article and table? Noble Korhedron 18:26, 26 May 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090828055342/http://www.history.navy.mil:80/danfs/m6/massachusetts-v.htm to http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/m6/massachusetts-v.htm

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:30, 31 December 2016 (UTC)


text:
Northern Arizona University/Philosophy of Law

PHI 357: Law and Philosophy

Professor: Jeffrey Downard

Department of Philosophy

Northern Arizona University

Current semester

Syllabus, reading list, and assignments

Handouts Spring 2010

Projects

/Research Projects Spring 2010/

Previous Semesters

/2008/

Help using the wiki page

For those who are new to the Wikipedia page, some explanations of the site and tutorials are available to help you figure out how the system works.

Quick Guide to Editing a Wiki

Extended Cheat Sheet for Editing a Wiki

Sandbox


text:
KSKI (AM)

KSKI was an AM radio station at 1340 kHz in Hailey, Idaho, which broadcast between 1960 and 1992. The station was the first in the Wood River Valley and spawned a successful FM station, KSKI-FM, which remains on the air. It ceased broadcasting due to economic difficulties spurred by the launch of radio station KECH-FM, which was KSKI-AM-FM's first competitor in the Sun Valley area.

History
KSKI signed on the air on November 17, 1960. The station was initially licensed to Sun Valley and gave the resort town its first full-time radio service, broadcasting from studios located in the Sun Valley Lodge at the resort and a transmitter in Ketchum. The original owner was Radio Sun Valley, Inc., with Roger Hagadone as president.

It was not long before KSKI sought to move from Sun Valley. In 1963, it filed its first application to relocate its studio base and transmitter to Hailey; later that year, it went silent for what turned out to be two years while the station made the move. The FCC granted the application on September 8, 1965; while KSKI was to go on air from Hailey on December 1, it did not sign on until February 10, 1966.

On February 1, 1969, Kent Frandsen became KSKI's general manager; four years later, he bought the station from Hagadone under the name Sun Valley Radio, Inc., for $1 plus the assumption of more than $41,000 in liabilities. Frandsen's ownership of KSKI saw the station apply in 1974 for a new FM station on 93.5 MHz, which would transmit from Bald Mountain and bring with it an expansion of the studios in Hailey. The FCC finally granted the KSKI-FM application in January 1977, and the station went on the air that August 3. KSKI AM simulcast its new FM sister from 6 a.m. to 9 a.m. and again from 7 p.m. to midnight. KSKI-AM-FM were known for their eclectic mix of music programming, aiming to serve listeners in a market that had no other radio stations; the pair also gained a small but devoted audience in the larger Twin Falls area.

The AM station changed its call letters to KNRC on December 2, 1985, but changed back to KSKI on July 1, 1987. The station was airing a crossover country format by 1989.

In November 1989, KSKI-AM-FM was sold to Silver Creek Communications, a company of businessman John McCaw, Jr., for $950,000; while McCaw owned cable systems and was in the middle of acquiring TV station group LIN Broadcasting, his other radio holdings were all in Alaska. The AM station continued to operate until late 1992. Economic difficulties in the local advertising market caused by the launch of competing station KECH-FM, which had taken to the air in 1988, prompted Silver Creek to shutter the AM station and send the license to the Federal Communications Commission for cancellation. Not long after, Silver Creek converted the operations of KSKI-FM to an automated service known as "The Mountain", programmed specifically for ski resort areas with special Sun Valley-specific inserts from its base at KZYR in Colorado.

title: KSKI (AM)


text:
Lebyazhye, Pervomaysky District, Altai Krai

Lebyazhye (Лебяжье) is a rural locality (a selo) in Severny Selsoviet, Pervomaysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 236 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Lebyazhye is located 80 km north of Novoaltaysk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhuravlikha and Severny are the nearest rural localities.


text:
Lotorps IF

Lotorps IF is a sports club in Lotorp, Sweden, established on 15 March 1923. The women's bandy team has played three seasons in the Swedish top division. The women's soccer team played three seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978 and 1997.

title: Lotorps IF


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Yair Hirschfeld

Yair Hirschfeld is an Israeli lecturer at the University of Haifa. Hirschfeld was a key architect of the Oslo Accords in 1993. He was born in Vienna and has been a strong supporter of the two-state solution, and has urged the Palestinian National Authority and the Israeli government to accept some form of this solution.

Israeli–PLO negotiations
In Benny Morris' account, Hanan Ashrawi and Hirschfeld began maintaining back channels to the PLO's Faisal Husseini in 1989. Hirschfeld, at Ashrawi's suggestion, sought out the PLO finance minister Abu Alaa (Ahmed Qurei). Through the Norwegians—including Norwegian Deputy Foreign Minister Jan Egeland and Rod Larsen of the Norwegian Institute of Applied Social Sciences—Hirschfeld had his first meeting with Abu Alaa in London on 4 December 1992.

On 19 January 1993 the Israeli Knesset repealed a law forbidding Israeli–PLO contacts. The next day Hirschfeld met Abu Alaa for the second time outside Oslo, accompanied by Israeli historian Ron Pundak. With the approval of Peres' deputy Yossi Beilin the three met in secret four more times. After the final meeting in May the agreement was passed to official channels, to become the "Declaration of Principles".

The first draft of the DOP laid out three basic terms: "Israel withdrawal from Gaza, gradual devolution of economic power to the Palestinians ... and ... international economic assistance to the nascent Palestinian entity in Gaza". It also included the "Gaza first" principle, according to which all stipulated Israeli concessions would be met in Gaza prior to any final settlement. By the final meeting it included elections, interim autonomy, and a handoff of power to the Palestinians, over the course of a gradual Israeli withdrawal. "Gaza first" also came to include some of the West Bank around Jericho.

Amid further indirect negotiations between the Israel and the PLO leadership in Tunis through Egyptian channels with mediation by Norway, the discussions that began between Hirschfeld and Alaa culminated in the beginnings of the Oslo peace process, when on August 20 Peres flew to Oslo—the entire process still unknown to the public—and initialed the DOP.

Scientific work
He currently teaches at the University of Haifa in the Department of Middle Eastern History. He is the Director General of the Tel Aviv-based Economic Cooperation Foundation (ECF).

Literature

 * Track Two Diplomacy toward an Israeli-Palestinian Solution, 1978–2014, Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Johns Hopkins University Press 2014.

title: Yair Hirschfeld


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Wikiversity:Please delete my page

'''If you want a page deleted for privacy reasons, do not request deletion on the wiki, it will call attention to the page. Rather, email a custodian.''' You will need to enable email (you can use a free email account service) and then find a custodian, see WV:Staff, and use the "Email this user" link in the Tools menu. Meanwhile edit the page to blank the privacy violation, which you need not mention in the edit summary. Custodians can hide revisions, leaving the rest visible, so if you have a user page started with real-name and real-life contact information, very common, you can just blank that, replacing it with something harmless, and then make your request for revision hiding by email.

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Unless the template is removed, a custodian will review the request and, unless there is some reason not to delete the page (such as incoming links), a sole-author request will be respected. Hence if you have incoming links to your page, fix them first. Remove them or change them to a moved target page. (You can find all incoming links from "What links here" in the Tools menu.)

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title: Wikiversity:Please delete my page


text:
User:Ammaaraziz360

 Ammaar Aziz Mohammed  (born June, 20, 1990) is a Madden NFL 13 quarterback for the Houston Texans of the National Football leauge (NFL). He was drafted by the Houston Texans in the first round of the 2012 NFL Draft.

title: User:Ammaaraziz360


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User:Wahiba~enwikiversity

Wahiba

A name I use quite a bit as an identifier on the world wide web. When trying to think of suitable names I used this one from my two years in the Sultanate of Oman. Wahiba is the name of the desert area next to the Arabian Sea.

For the record my name is David Usher. I am 59 years old and until my 50th birthday was a lecturer in Mechanical and Production Engineering at a Further Education College in the UK. The levels I taught were pre-university level. Mainly students between the ages of 16 and 19, although there were many who came with ages extending beond this range.

UK residents with a knowledge of the politics of education will notice that I was paid off in 1997, actually the day before the present government came into power. I was in the last batch to get their pension at 50.

Since then I have worked as a School Technician, taught at a a school in Oman and obtained an MSc in Engineering Design Management. Subsequently my significant other has obtained regular employment so that I have adopted the role of house husband, ironing excepted.

A visit to my web site SILTEC shows that I have enough interests to keep myself busy. I am also a volunteer with a Heritage Railway EBASR, and with a Credit Union, Leeds City.

title: User:Wahiba~enwikiversity


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User:Kiriusz/sandbox

Metal shade, Dark Hardbass or sometimes just Tin Hardbass is a dark subgenre of Hardbass that is characterized by a slightly faster bpm, ominous ambience, distorted and unmasked bamboo-basses/donks. The genre was emerged around 2005 by DJ Bar@bass in Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

Notable labels

 * Progressive Фактор
 * Corecube Records
 * Hard Bass Crew
 * Dark'Hade Records
 * UNDERTUNE RECORDS
 * NEOSHIP
 * '''TRI Poloski RECORDS
 * Jutonish

title: User:Kiriusz/sandbox


text:
Neo/Nistico

Neo/Nistico is an album by saxophonist Sal Nistico which was recorded in 1978 and released on the Bee Hive label.

Reception
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated, "For this Bee Hive LP Nistico heads a sextet filled with notables ... The soloists are all in fine form during the obscure but worthy session".

Personnel

 * Sal Nistico – tenor saxophone
 * Ted Curson – trumpet
 * Nick Brignola – baritone saxophone
 * Ronnie Mathews – piano
 * Sam Jones – bass
 * Roy Haynes – drums

title: Neo/Nistico


text:
Algaze

Algaze is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Guillermo Algaze (born 1954), Cuban anthropologist
 * Mario Algaze (born 1947), Cuban-American photographer

title: Algaze


text:
User:Niallrobinson/sandbox

Aerosol Dynamics
The previous discussion focussed on single aerosol particles. In contrast, aerosol dynamics explains the evolution of complete aerosol populations. The concentrations of particles will change over time as a result of many processes. External processes which move particles across the wall of a volume of gas include diffusion, gravitational settling and migration caused by external forces such as electric charges. A second set of processes are internal to a given volume of gas are particle formation (nucleation), evaporation or chemical reaction and coagulation.

The evolution of the aerosol due to these process can be characterized by a differential equation called the Aerosol General Dynamic Equation (GDE).

$$\frac{\partial{n_i}}{\partial{t}} = -\nabla \cdot n_i \mathbf{q} +\nabla \cdot D_p\nabla_i + \left(\frac{\partial{n_i}}{\partial{t}}\right)_{growth} + \left(\frac{\partial{n_i}}{\partial{t}}\right)_{coag} -\nabla \cdot \mathbf{q}_F n_i$$

Change in time = Convective transport + brownian diffusion + gas-particle interactions + coagulation + migration by external forces

Where:
 * $$n_i$$ is number density of particles of size category $$i$$
 * $$\mathbf{q}$$ is the particle velocity
 * $$D_p$$ is the particle Stokes-Einstein diffusivity
 * $$\mathbf{q}_F$$ is the particle velocity associated with an external force

Coagulation
When particles are present in an aerosol they collide with each other. During that they may undergo coalescence or aggregation. This process leads to a change in the aerosol number/size distribution function, with the mode growing in diameter and decreasing in number.

Aerosol dynamics regimes
There are three different dynamical regimes which govern the behaviour of an aerosol, which can be defined by the Knudsen number of the particle

 * $$K_n=\frac{2\lambda}{d}$$

where $$\lambda$$ is the mean free path of the suspending gas and $$d$$ is the diameter of the particle. Particles are in the free molecular regime when Kn >> 1, that is particles are small compared to the mean free path of the suspending gas. In this regime, particles interact with the suspending gas through a series of 'ballistic' collisions with gas molecules. As such, they behave similarly to gas molecules, tending to follow streamlines and diffusing rapidly through Brownian motion. The mass flux equation in the free molecular regime is:

 * $$ I = \frac{\pi a^2}{k_b} \left( \frac{P_\infty}{T_\infty} - \frac{P_A}{T_A} \right) \cdot C_A \alpha $$

where a is the particle radius, P∞ and PA are the pressures far from the droplet and at the surface of the droplet respectively, kb is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature, CA is mean thermal velocity and α is mass accommodation coefficient. It is assumed in the derivation of this equation that the pressure and the diffusion coefficient are constant.

Particles are in the continuum regime when Kn << 1. In this regime, the particles are big compared to the mean free path of the suspending gas, meaning that the suspending gas can be though of as a continuous fluid flowing round the particle. The molecular flux in this regime is:

 * $$ I_{cont} \sim \frac{4 \pi a M_A D_{AB}}{RT} \left( P_{A \infty} - P_{AS}\right)$$

where a is the radius of the particle A, MA is the molecular mass of the particle A, DAB is the diffusion coefficient between particles A and B, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in kelvins and P are the pressures at infinite and at the surface respectively.

The transition regime contains all the particles in between the free molecular and continuum regimes or Kn ≈ 1. The forces experienced by a particle are a complex combination of interactions with individual gas molecules, and macroscopic interactions. The semi-empirical equation describing mass flux is:

 * $$ I = I_{cont} \cdot \frac{1 + K_n}{1 + 1.71 K_n + 1.33 K_n^2}$$

where Icont is the mass flux in the continuum regime. This formula is called the Fuchs-Sutugin interpolation formula. These equations don’t take into account the heat release effect.

Aerosol partitioning
Aerosol partitioning theory governs the condensation and evaporation of substances to and from and aerosol surface, respectively. Condensation of mass causes the mode of a aerosol number/size distribution to grow to larger diameters. Conversely, evaporation moves the mode to smaller diameters. Nucleation is the process of forming aerosol mass from the condensation of a gaseous precursor, specifically a vapour. In order for the vapour to condense, it must be supersaturated i.e. its partial pressure must be greater than its vapour pressure. This can happen for three reasons:
 * 1) If the vapour pressure is lowered by lowering the temperature of the vapour
 * 2) If chemical reactions increase the partial pressure of a gas, or lower its vapour pressure
 * 3) If the addition of another vapour lowers the equilibrium vapour pressure due to the Raoult Effect

There are two types of nucleation processes. Gases will preferentially condense onto pre-existing surfaces (e.g. aerosol particles), which is known as heterogeneous nucleation. This causes the number/size distribution mode diameter to increase with the total number concentration remaining constant. If the supersaturation is high enough, and no suitable surfaces are present, particles may condense in the absence of a pre-existing surface, which is known as homogeneous nucleation. The emergence of a number/size distribution mode growing from a diameter of zero.

Activation
Aerosols are said to be activated when they become coated by water, usually in the context of forming a cloud droplet. Following the Kelvin effect (based on the curvature of liquid droplets) smaller particles need a higher ambient relative humidity to maintain equilibrium than bigger ones would. Relative humidity (%) for equilibrium can be determined from the following formula:

 * $$ RH = \frac{p_s}{p_0} \times 100\% = S \times 100\%$$

where $$p_s$$ is the saturation vapor pressure above a particle at equilibrium (around a curved liquid droplet), p0 is the saturation vapor pressure (flat surface of the same liquid) and S is the saturation ratio.

Kelvin equation for saturation vapor pressure above a curved surface is:

 * $$ \ln{p_s \over p_0} = \frac{2 \sigma M}{RT \rho \cdot r_p} $$

where rp droplet radius, σ surface tension of droplet, ρ density of liquid, M molar mass, T temperature, and R molar gas constant.

title: User:Niallrobinson/sandbox


text:
Aldersbach brewery

The Aldersbach brewery (German Brauerei Aldersbach) is a traditional medium-sized brewery in Aldersbach, Lower Bavaria, opened in the 13th century. It produces beer types such as Dunkel, Helles, and Pilsner, plus seasonal Bock and Pale lagers. In 2016, it won awards from the Bavarian Brewers Association and the Bavarian State Beer Exhibition.

History

The origins of the Aldersbach brewery, in the Klosterwinkel region close to Passau, go back to the High Middle Ages. In 1146, monks from Ebrach founded the Aldersbach Abbey. In a short time the place grew into an economic, cultural, and spiritual center.

Soon after the monastery was founded, the monks started brewing beer. As early as 1268, the brewery was documented in an arbitration letter from Count Albert von Hals. This makes the Aldersbach brewery one of the oldest breweries in the world. Nevertheless, the main drink until the 16th century was wine, which was also grown in the area around Aldersbach. Climate changes and phylloxera disasters put an end to viticulture and beer became the main and popular drink in Bavaria. Until then, the monastery breweries were primarily responsible for the production of beer and the supply of the population, but from this point onward, castle breweries were established in many places, some of which still exist today.

In the 17th century there was government intervention in the brewing rights. Even Aldersbach had to fear for its brewing rights, since the corresponding certificate was lost in the Thirty Years' War. In 1644, the monastery was re-confirmed by Elector Maximilian I. The increasing consumption of beer made it necessary to build a new brewhouse in 1734. The brewery museum is housed in this building today. In 1780 a new beer cellar was built.

Secularization hit Aldersbach hard: in 1803 the monastery was dissolved and the brewery was initially sold to a beer brewer from Passau. A few years later, in 1811, Johann Adam von Aretin acquired the monastery brewery; as early as 1806 he had bought forest and arable land around Heidelberg Palace. The brewery is still owned by the family to this day.

In the course of the 19th century many smaller breweries in the area were bought up; Further acquisitions were made after the First World War and in the 1950s and 1960s, including the breweries in Gossersdorf and Konzell (Straubing-Bogen district) and a brewery in Lam (Cham (district)). The Aldersbach brewery, which has been run as a GmbH & Co KG since 1 January 2005, is still owned by the von Aretin family and is one of the most successful breweries in Bavaria today. In the summer of 2008, large parts of the Passau Peschl Brewery was bought, and since then the Aldersbach brewery has been supplying the former customers of Peschl-Bräu with their beverages. The Aldersbacher Bräustüberl is particularly well-known, as you can bring your own snacks there.

In 2016, the Bavarian State Exhibition "Beer in Bavaria" took place in Aldersbach. Both the historical and the modern brewery part could be visited. In 2018, the Aldersbach brewery celebrated its 750th anniversary.

Products

Beers
• Alkoholfrei

• Urhell

• Ursprung

• Kloster Dunkel

• Freiherrn Pils

• Klosterhell

• Kloster Weisse Dunkel

• Medium Hell

• Kloster Weisse Leicht

• Kloster Weisse Hell

• Radler

• Zwicklbier

• Kloster Weisse Alkoholfrei

• Urhell RETRO

Soft drinks
• Mineralwasser spritzig

• Mineralwasser medium

• Apfel Schorle

• Sport mix

• Fresh Cola

• ACE

• Isosport

• Frischgeist Citron

• Frischgeist Zitrone

• Frischgeist Orange

• Light

• Apfel Orange Himbeer

Awards
In 2016, the brewery received the Golden Beer Idea award from the Bavarian Brewers Association and the Bavarian Hotel and Restaurant Association, and the House of Bavarian History award from the Bavarian State Beer Exhibition.

title: Aldersbach brewery


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Cindy Lima

Cindy Orquídea Lima García known as Cindy Lima (born 21 June 1981) is a former Spanish professional basketball player representing Spain, winning four medals including gold in the 2013 EuroBasket. She played in 15 teams and 9 countries in her career. She competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Club career
Born in Barcelona to a Cuban mother and an Angolan father, Lima played in youth clubs Inmaculada Horta, Spanish League in 1998 with UB-Barça. After her second season, she signed for [Portugal|Portuguese]] club CAB Madeira, where she remained for one year. She spent the following eight seasons in Spain: four at Celta de Vigo Baloncesto, two at Mann Filter and two at CB San José León.

She played in a variety of clubs from 2009 onwards: Latvia's TTT Riga, Cyprus's KV Imperial and Spain's Ros Casares Valencia just in the 2009-2010 season. She played for French team Aix en Provence in 2011-12. The following season Lima played for Turkish Tarsus Beledeyesi and Hungarian Uni Győr. The 2013-2014 season started for Lima at CB Conquero in Spain and finished at Egyptian team Al Gezira. Her last season as a professional player started for Lima at Czech Republic's SBS Ostrava and finished in France, playing for Tarbes.

National team
She made her debut with Spain women's national basketball team at the age of 26. She played with the senior team for 7 years, from 2007 to 2014, getting 120 caps and 3.4 PPG. She participated in the (Beijing 2008) Olympic tournament, one World Championships and four European Championships:

 * 5th 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship for Women (youth)
 * Gold medal icon.svg 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship for Women (youth)
 * 5th 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women (youth)
 * Silver medal europe.svg 2007 Eurobasket
 * 5th 2008 Summer Olympics
 * Bronze medal europe.svg 2009 Eurobasket
 * Bronze medal world centered-2.svg 2010 World Championship
 * 5th2011 Eurobasket
 * Gold medal europe.svg 2013 Eurobasket

title: Cindy Lima


text:
Talk:Wladimir Wertelecki

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 13:37, 15 August 2018 (UTC)
 * Prof. Wladimir Wertelecki, M.D.jpg

title: Talk:Wladimir Wertelecki


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Bleimor (Scouting)

Bleimor (Breton language for Seawolf), more fully Urz Skaouted Bleimor, was a Breton Scouting organization, taken from the Bardic name of the poet Jean-Pierre Calloc'h, who was killed in action while fighting as a Poilu during World War I and whose death was a catastrophic loss to Breton literature.

History
Bleimor was founded in Paris on 9 January 1946 by Pierre Géraud-Keraod (later founder of the Scouts d'Europe) and Lizig Géraud-Kéraod, on the model of the Urz Goanag Breiz (Order of the Breton Hope in the Breton language) youth movement for Celtic revival in Brittany, founded in 1943 by Yann-Vari Perrot and Herry Caouissin, on the model of the Welsh movement Urdd Gobaith Cymru (Order of the Welsh Hope in the Welsh language).

The statutes of the Bleimor organization were officially lodged with the Prefecture of Police of Paris in April 1950. The goals of the association were stated as "Practices of Scouting and the activities of cultural expression, dances, choir singing, popular music, dramatic plays", without reference to Scouts de France, nor to the Breton language.

The first bulletin, was published in 1947, specified the objectives of the association as "Christian action, Celtic expression, social service, spiritual, cultural and folk formation of the Rovers, Scouts, leaders and Guides of France of Breton origin".

Bleimor merged into the Federation of European Scouts in 1962. Joseph Chardronnet was chaplain of the organization from 1948 to 1965.

Bleimor's flag was a green field charged with a yellow circle and a Scandinavian-style black cross fimbriated with white, the whole representing a Celtic cross. Rectangular as well as triangular flags were used. The Scout movement also used a white flag with a black cross voided through and seven black ermine spots in the canton. The ermine spots had an unusual art déco pattern (a triangle, one vertical and two horizontal dashes).

title: Bleimor (Scouting)


text:
File:ArtRage2SBTDS10160.jpg

Used with the WikiU Film School Lesson on how to draw thumbnail storyboards with ArtRage2 free version.

title: File:ArtRage2SBTDS10160.jpg


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User:Ivan Ssemakadde

Born on 23th, March, 1995 by Mr.Ssebbaale Leonard and Mrs.Nakyanzi Imelda In the village called Kyankoko in the Bukomansimbi district.

title: User:Ivan Ssemakadde