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Talk:Basil Parasiris

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121109002930/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=169279de-c0f5-4bb2-b8b4-54923f3889fe to http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=169279de-c0f5-4bb2-b8b4-54923f3889fe
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080910130537/http://www.canada.com:80/montrealgazette/story.html?id=0f27a12d-cf8d-43a3-b8d9-bb0e5267100c to http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=0f27a12d-cf8d-43a3-b8d9-bb0e5267100c
 * Added tag to http://news.sympatico.msn.ctv.ca/Basil+Parasiris+acquitted+of+copkilling/Local/QC/ContentPosting?isfa=1&newsitemid=22763&feedname=CTV-MONTREAL&show=False&number=0&showbyline=True&subtitle=&detect=&abc=abc&date=True

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title: Talk:Basil Parasiris


text:
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Ilayaraja singer/Archive

02 February 2015

 * Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

Themmanguilayaraja created an autobiography in Tamil Themmangu ilayaraja, seemingly an exact copy of Ilayaraja singer created by Ilayaraja singer yesterday. Bazj (talk) 11:49, 2 February 2015 (UTC)

Comments by other users

02 February 2015

 * Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

Created another article in Tamil about the same singer, at Naatupura ilavarasan. —Largo Plazo (talk) 15:04, 2 February 2015 (UTC)

Today he posted the same article to his user page again, after it had already been deleted from there once. I've submitted it for speedy deletion again. —Largo Plazo (talk) 16:44, 4 February 2015 (UTC)

Comments by other users

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * ✅, blocked, tagged: Ilayaraja singer, Naatupurailavarasan, Themmanguilayaraja and VCilayaraja. Materialscientist (talk) 12:27, 8 February 2015 (UTC)
 * All set, closing. Mike V • Talk 01:20, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Philosophy of mathematics/Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem

Austrian mathematician Kurt Gödel showed that any mathematical system complicated enough to include arithmetic must be incomplete. What does this mean? Simply that there are theorems in the system that are true but cannot be proven true from within the system. It may be possible to prove the theorem from outside the system. A lot of nonsense has been written about this topic by nonmathematicians, including assertions that we can never know anything. Some mathematical systems ARE complete, including ordinary geometry and propositional logic.

What Godel showed is that we can never have a complete knowledge of mathematics, and in the 1930's he shook the math world at its core when he proved this. Any Mathematical theory has axioms from which everything in the theory is derived. It is impossible to prove the axioms of a theory by using the theory, you have to go to a more fundamental theory to prove the axioms of the first theory. The problem is that you then have to go to an even more fundamental theroy to prove the axioms of the fundamental theory. The problem with that is you have to go to a more ...... ad infinitum. We can never prove the fundamental axioms and laws of mathematics on which everything is based and thus our knowledge will necessarily always be incomplete.


text:
User:Omexeler omar

Omar Mbewe (born 4 January 1994), known professionally by his stage name Omexeler is a Malawian rapper, and songwriter. He won the African heart of Malawi after he did phumanje song (cover of Casper nyovest song phumakim) in 2014. He is currently competing for the Independent Music Awards, adding to contemporary musicians from Malawi that are making international headway.

Omexeler.

Background information

Birth name

Omar Mbewe

Born

4 January 1994 (age 25)

Origin

Malawi

Genres

Hip hop,

Occupation(s)

Father,Rapper and songwriter,

Instruments

Vocals

Years active

2014–present

Labels

Independent

Associated acts

Skeffa chimoto

Omexeler.com

title: User:Omexeler omar


text:
Talk:Dropshotting

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Hello, For this article, I worked to revise the original definition as well as worked to create two more headings. Helping to differentiate some of the important parts of the fishing setup. If there are any concerns with how the article was changed please explain on the talk page to help me learn from this experience. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rhendrick1 (talk • contribs) 23:57, 14 February 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dropshotting


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User:DavinSharma/sandbox

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93nTsTEyG5w <!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE - DAVIN SHARMA Mohit sharma"Davin,is a punjabi singer of punjabi industry. PERSONAL LIFE Davin Sharma was born in Jalandhar and his hometown is Dakoha, Jalandhar. He did his schooling from Canttonment board boys senior secondary school,jalandhar cantt and studied diploma's from punjab techinical unversity. MUSIC CARRIER DAVIN made his debut with the Single track Na Na Kari was produced by NITESH MISHRA

Just press the "Publish changes" button below without changing anything! Doing so will submit your article submission for review. Once you have saved this page you will find a new yellow 'Review waiting' box at the BOTTOM of your submission page. If you have submitted your page previously, either the old pink 'Submission declined' template or the old grey 'Draft' template will still appear at the top of your submission page, but YOU SHOULD IGNORE it. Again, please don't change anything in this text box. Just press the "Publish changes" button below. ↓    ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓      ↓     ↓

title: User:DavinSharma/sandbox


text:
Wikiversity:FAQ/Editing/Edit summary

When editing a learning resource with the wikicode editor, there is a small field labeled "Summary" under the main edit-box. It looks like this:

It is highly recommended that one fill in the edit summary field, as it makes it easier for you and your fellow contributors to understand what has changed, and is helpful when going through the history of the page.

Writing edit summaries
Always fill in the summary field. This is considered an important guideline. Even a short summary is better than no summary. An edit summary is even more important if you delete any text; otherwise, people may think you're being sneaky. Also, mentioning one change but not another one can be misleading to someone who finds the other one more important; add "and misc." to cover the other change(s).

Accurate summaries help people decide whether it is worthwhile for them to check a change. We've found that summaries often pique the interest of contributors with expertise in the area. This may not be as necessary for "minor changes", but "fixed spelling" would be nice even then.

The edit summary box can hold one line of 200 characters. If you attempt to type or paste more than this only the first 200 characters will be displayed - the rest will be disregarded. Also, for example attempting to add 10 new characters (at the end or in between) to a summary already containing 195 characters will result in the first 5 new characters being inserted and the second 5 being disregarded.

In the case of a small addition to an article, it is highly recommended to copy the full text of this addition to the summary field, giving a maximum of information with a minimum of effort. Put ft in front, as an abbreviation of "full text" (see the Abbreviations section for other abbreviations). This way, readers of the summary will be unlikely to check the page itself as they already know the extent of the edit. These kinds of edits allow users to check Recent changes, Page history and User contributions (see below) very efficiently - this also reduces the load on the servers.

If the addition is more than 200 characters, so it does not fit fully in the edit summary box, you should write a short summary of the changes you have introduced into the article. For an addition of, say, 400 characters you can also save time by simply copying that into the summary field. The excess will fall off, and the first 200 characters will usually be acceptable as a crude "summary".

Unfortunately you can copy only one line of text from the edit box into the edit summary box. The contents of further lines can be pasted at the end of the line. Thus, for example, a bulleted "see also" list is cumbersome to put in the edit summary box. One possible workaround for a new list is putting the list on one line, separated by the asterisks for the bullets, copying it to the edit summary box, and then, in the main edit box, putting the new lines before the asterisks.

In addition to a summary of the change itself, the summary field may also contain an explanation of the change; note that if the reason for an edit is not clear, it is more likely to be reverted, especially in the case that some text is deleted. To give a longer explanation, use the Talk page and put in the edit summary "see Talk".

After saving the page, the summary can not be edited--another reason to avoid spelling errors.

In the case of important omissions or errors in the edit summary, you can make a dummy edit just to put the correction in the edit summary.

If you find it hard to remember to fill in the edit summary (it is an acquired habit), then try switching on the option which alerts you whenever you try to save an edit without an edit summary: Go to Preferences (top-right), choose the Edit tab (top-right), then click this box:, then Save.

Places where the edit summary appears
The edit summary appears in black italics in the following places:

 * Page history - list of changes to the page you edited
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 * Recent changes - list of all recent edits
 * Wikipedia IRC channels - real time list of all edits
 * Related changes - list of recent changes to pages linked to the page you edited
 * List of new pages: shows the edit summary of the creation.

 *  Use the enhanced watchlist to see all recent changes in the watched pages, not just the last change in each page.

Abbreviations
See Edit summary legend for a list of commonly used abbreviations in edit summaries.

Searching
The Wikimedia search function can not search edit summaries, and they are not indexed by external search engines.

File upload summary
When uploading an image one can supply an upload summary. This serves multiple purposes:
 * as second part of the automatically created edit summary of the upload log (the first part giving the file name)
 * as text in the entry of the image history
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 * briefly describe the image
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The capacity of the upload summary is one line of 250 characters; in the upload log the last part may fall off, because this can contain 255 characters, including "uploaded "filename"".

Note that there is no preview function to check the code for the links, template calls and category tags, but of course, if needed one can edit the image page after uploading, to correct errors and also to extend the text.

See also Help:Image page.

Section editing
When applying the section editing feature the section title is automatically inserted as initial version or first part of the edit summary. Put more details after this text. In the case that you provide a long summary yourself you can delete the section title in order to stay within the limit of 200 characters. The automatic text appears by default in grey, with the manually typed text being black. If you create a new section before or after an existing section by clicking a section "edit" link, please delete the automatic edit summary to avoid confusion.

Prior to May 2004, the automatic part of the summary was surrounded by "="-signs. The old style remains in edits from that time.

Multiple sections in edit summary
From Dec 2004, the section title that forms the automatic part of the edit summary is preceded by a right arrow which links to the section. For this purpose the section title appears within the marks /* and */ in the edit summary box. This code can be manually inserted, and by using the /* and */ syntax, it is possible to include links to multiple sections. This may be useful when editing a section which contains many sub-sections (to list changes made to each section), or when editing an existing section and also adding a new (sub-)section after it.

For example, the edit summary: /* Foo */ test /* Bar */ test

Is rendered as:

→Foo test →Bar test

"Post a comment" feature
When starting a new thread on a Talk page, the "Post a comment" feature can be used. Click the plus sign next to the Edit link. A box labelled "Subject/headline" appears before the main editing box. Text typed here becomes both a new heading and the edit summary.

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When creating a redirect, an edit summary is automatically provided, with the text according to MediaWiki:Autoredircomment, but only if no edit summary is supplied (as opposed to the automatic edit summary in section editing, which can be supplemented by the user).

Rendering of wikitext; URLs
Text in edit summaries renders internal links, including piped links, and interwiki links, even when enclosed within and. Therefore, copying wikitext in the edit summary box may be preferable to copying text from the preview, except when one wants to save space.

Other wikitext coding is not interpreted.

When copying an external link from the preview into the edit summary box then, depending on the operating system, the "printable version" is copied, i.e. how it is normally rendered, and in addition, between parentheses, the URL; hence the same information as in the wikitext, but in a different format, as well as a possible sequential number.

title: Wikiversity:FAQ/Editing/Edit summary


text:
Electronics/Voltage

Electric Field: E
A stationary charge has an electric field surrounding it given by:

$$E A = Q/\epsilon_o$$

A is 4 π r2 the surface area of a sphere Q/εo is how much the electric field deforms space

This becomes:

$$E = {Q \over 4 \pi r^2 \epsilon_o}$$

Permittivity: &epsilon

 * Permittivity: (&epsilon) How much energy a material absorbs when subject to an electric field. Similar to stretching a spring, when the electric field is removed, the material gives up the energy it has absorbed.

 * Vacuum Permittivity: The permittivity of the vacuum. &epsilono = 8.85419 10-12 F/m.

 * Relative Permittivity: The permittivity of materials relative to the vacuum. Also known as the Dielectric Constant: &epsilonr. Where &epsilon is the permittivity of the material.

 * $$ \epsilon_{r} = \frac{\epsilon}{\epsilon_{0}} $$

 * Dielectric: Usually an insulator. Acts to decrease the strength of the electric field.

 * Dielectric Strength: The maximum electric field a dieletric can handle before the electric field frees its bound electrons, turning the material into a conductor. The field strength at which breakdown occurs in a given case is dependent on the respective geometries of the dielectric (insulator) and the electrodes with which the electric field is applied, as well as the rate of increase at which the electric field is applied. Voltage is usually less than this number, and breakdown occurs when this number is exceeded.

 * Birefringence: double refraction.

 * Isotropic: behavior does not depend on direction.

 * Anisotropic: behavior depends on direction.

<!--

means "independent of direction". Isotropic radiation has the same intensity regardless of the direction of measurement, and an isotropic field exerts the same action regardless of how the test particle is oriented.

 * When an electric field is applied, a current flows. The total current flowing in a real medium is in general made of two parts: a conduction current and a displacement one. The displacement current can be thought of as an elastic response which a material has to the applied electric field. As the electric field is increased, the displacement current is stored in the material, and when the electric field is decreased the material releases the displacement current. A perfect dielectric is a material that shows displacement current only, so it stores and returns electrical energy as if it were an ideal 'battery'.

The effect that an electric field has on space. deforms and displaces space and restoring force. εo = 8.85419 10-12 F/m.

A dielectric is the material between two charges. It impedes the flow of charge until a certain voltage threshold at which point charge starts flowing, which is called dielectric breakdown and WHICH IS BAD AND DESTROYS THE CAPACITOR. :-)

''When I first learned about capacitors I thought that this was the way capacitors were used. They charge up to a strong enough voltage and then the dielectric breaks down and then they charge up again. I thought this was the basis for timer circuits. We need to be careful to separate dielectric breakdown from things that are supposed to happen in electronic circuits.''

In electromagnetism, permittivity ε is a measure of how much a medium changes to absorb energy when subject to an electric field. It is defined as the ratio D / E where D is the electric displacement by the medium and E is the electric field strength. The displacement D is usually given in units of coulombs per square metre (C/m2), while the electric field E is given as volts per metre (V/m).

In the common case of an isotropic medium, D and E are parallel and ε is a scalar, but in more general anisotropic media this is not the case and ε is a rank-2 tensor (causing birefringence).

Birefringence, or double refraction, is the division of a ray of light into two rays (the ordinary ray and the extraordinary ray) when it passes through certain types of material, such as calcite crystals, depending on the polarization of the light. This is explained by assigning two different refractive indices to the material for different polarizations. The birefringence is quantified by:

Δn = ne - no

where no is the refractive index for the ordinary ray and ne is the refractive index for the extraordinary ray.

More generally, an anisotropic dielectric material has a dielectric constant that is a rank-2 tensor (3 by 3 matrix). A birefringent material corresponds to the special cases of a real-symmetric dielectric tensor ε with eigenvalues of, , and along the three orthogonal principle axes of polarization. (Or, sometimes, only two axes are considered, corresponding to a single propagation direction.)

(In principle, birefringence could also arise in magnetic, not dielectric, materials, but substantial variations in magnetic permeability are rare at optical frequencies.)

See also: crystal optics | John Kerr.

The cellophane paper is a cheap birefringent material.

Anisotropic (meaning non-isotropic) is usually used to describe a directionally dependent phenomenon.

For example, anisotropic radiation has different intensities in different directions, and an anisotropic field exerts different actions depending on how the test particle is oriented. Magnetic susceptibility or electrical conductivity, for example, can be anisotropic in certain materials, as is the cosmic microwave background radiation. Wood is an anisotropic material as its strength and expansion due to humidity are different in the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. See also anisotropic etch, and liquid crystal

This term is also used in the field of computer graphics. For example, an anisotropic surface will change in appearance as it is rotated about its normal, as is the case with velvet. Anisotropic scaling occurs when something is scaled by different amounts in different directions, for example, stretching a 64×64-pixel texture to cover a 12×34-pixel rectangle.

When an electric field is applied, a current flows. The total current flowing in a real medium is in general made of two parts: a conduction current and a displacement one. The displacement current can be thought of as an elastic response which a material has to the applied electric field. As the electric field is increased, the displacement current is stored in the material, and when the electric field is decreased the material releases the displacement current. A perfect dielectric is a material that shows displacement current only, so it stores and returns electrical energy as if it were an ideal 'battery'.

The permittivity ε and magnetic permeability μ of a medium together determine the velocity of electromagnetic radiation through that medium.

In a vacuum, these are given by

where μ0 is the magnetic constant, or permeability of free space, equal to 4π × 10-7 N·A-2, and c is the speed of light, 299,792,458 m/s.

In case of lossy medium (i.e. when the conduction currents are not negligible) the total current density flowing is:

where, σ is the conductivity (responsible for conduction current) of the medium and εd is the relative permittivity (responsible for displacement current).

In this formalism the complex permittivity ε* is defined as:

For realistic materials, both the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity are more complicated functions of frequency ω; since this leads to dispersion of signals containing multiple frequencies, such materials are called dispersive. This frequency dependence reflects the fact that a material's polarization does not respond instantaneously to an applied field—because the response must always be causal (come after the applied field), the dielectric function ε(ω) must have poles only for ω with positive imaginary parts, and ε(ω) therefore satisfies the Kramers-Kronig relations. However, in the narrow frequency ranges that are often studied in practice, the dielectric constants can often be approximated as frequency-independent.

At a given frequency, the imaginary part of ε leads to absorption loss if it is negative (in the above sign convention for frequency) and gain if it is positive. (More generally, one looks at the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues of the anisotropic dielectric tensor.)

See also list of indices of refraction.

The refractive index of a particular material at a particular frequency is the factor by which electromagnetic radiation of that frequency is slowed down (relative to vacuum) when it travels inside the material. For a non-magnetic material, the square of the refractive index is the dielectric constant ε (sometimes multiplied by ε0, the permittivity of free space).

The speed of all electromagnetic radiation in vacuum is the same, approximately 3×108 meters per second, and is denoted by c. So if v is the phase velocity of radiation of a specific frequency in a specific material, then the refractive index is given by

 * n = c/v.

This number is typically bigger than one: the denser the material, the more the light is slowed down. However, at certain frequencies (e.g. near absorption resonances, and for x-rays), n will actually be smaller than one. This does not contradict the theory of relativity, which holds that no information carrying signal can ever propagate faster than c, because the phase velocity is not the same as the group velocity or the signal velocity.

The phase velocity is defined as the rate at which the crests of the waveform propagate; that is, the rate at which the phase of the waveform is moving. The group velocity is the rate that the envelope of the waveform is propagating; that is, the rate of variation of the amplitude of the waveform. It is the group velocity that (almost always) represents the rate that information (and energy) may be transmitted by the wave, for example the velocity at which a pulse of light travels down an optical fibre.

Sometimes, a "group velocity refractive index", usually called the group index is defined:

 * ng = vg / c ,

where vg is the group velocity. This value should not be confused with n, which is always defined with respect to the phase velocity.

At the microscale an electromagnetic wave is slowed in a material because the electric field creates a disturbance in the charges of each atom (primarily the electrons) proportional to the permittivity. This oscillation of charges itself causes the radiation of an electromagnetic wave that is slightly out-of-phase with the original. The sum of the two waves creates a wave with the same frequency but shorter wavelength than the original, leading to a slowing in the wave's travel.

Sometimes the refractive index is defined as a complex number, with the imaginary part of the number representing the absorption of the material. This is particularly useful when analysing the propagation of electromagnetic waves through metals.

If the refractive indices of two materials are known for a given frequency, then one can compute the angle by which radiation of that frequency will be refracted as it moves from the first into the second material from Snell's law.

The refractive index of a material varies with frequency (except in vacuum, where all frequencies travel at the same speed, c). This effect, known as dispersion, lets a prism divide white light into its constituent spectral colors, explains rainbows, and is the cause of chromatic aberration in lenses.

Some representative refractive indices at different wavelengths:

The refractive index of certain media may be different depending on the polarization and direction of propagation of the light through the medium. This is known as birefringence or anisotropy and is described by the field of crystal optics. In the most general case, the dielectric constant is a rank-2 tensor (a 3 by 3 matrix), which cannot simply be described by refractive indices except for polarizations along principle axes. In magneto-optic (gyro-magnetic) materials, the principle axes are complex (corresponding to elliptical polarizations), and the dielectric tensor is complex-Hermitian (for lossless media); such materials break time-reversal symmetry and are used e.g. to construct optical isolators.

The strong electric field of high intensity light (such as output of a laser) may cause a medium's refractive index to vary as the light passes through it, giving rise to nonlinear optics. If the index varies quadratically with the field (linearly with the intensity), it is called the optical Kerr effect and causes phenomena such as self-focusing and self phase modulation. If the index varies linearly with the field (which is only possible in materials that do not possess inversion symmetry), it is known as the Pockels effect.

See also list of indices of refraction.

In telecommunication, a dielectric waveguide is a waveguide that consists of a dielectric material surrounded by another dielectric material, such as air, glass, or plastic, with a lower refractive index.

An example of a dielectric waveguide is an optical fiber.

A metallic waveguide filled with a dielectric material is not a dielectric waveguide. -->

Voltage: V
The difference between two points in an electric field is the voltage V.

$$V = E \Delta x$$

Voltage is used in accelerators to accelerate charged particles to the speed of light. In Electronics voltage is the potential between two opposing charges given by:

$$ V = {q_1 \over 4 \pi \epsilon_o r_1} + {q_2 \over 4 \pi \epsilon_o r_2} $$

Where &epsilono is the permittivity of the vacuum, q1 and q2 are the values of the two charges (in coulombs), and r1 and r2 are their distances. Note how the Voltage falls off as 1/r.

If the charges were similar it would not make any sense. But if the particles have opposite charges then the voltage connects the charges. Through voltage positive charges go to the negative end, and negative charges go to the positive end.

Voltage causes charged particles to move according to the rules of repulsion and attraction, so electrons move from negative to positive. Two charged particles have a potential between them that relates to their separation distance.

Charged particles separated by a distance have a voltage associated with them. If the particles have a similar charge the voltage is repulsive and does not mean much.

Work: W
PE A charged particle in an electric field at distance r has an electrical potential energy U associated with it.

$$U = Q V$$

KE When a charged particle is place in an electric field at distance r it has a force on it. The direction of force depends on the two charges, but minimizes the PE.

$$F = Q E$$

Acceleration

When a charged particle moves due to the force of an electric field it does work. This work causes the particle to accelerate.

Work W is the change in U, or F applied at a distance.

$$W = \Delta U = F \Delta x$$

Falling downhill is positive work for the electric field and climbing uphill is positive work for the charged particle. Similar charges repel so bringing them together is uphill. Opposite charges attract so moving them apart is uphill.

Current: I
So the voltage on a charged particle causes it to accelerate. This is known as current.

It is sometimes taught that current in electric circuits is composed of electrons, which flow from the negative terminal of the power source to the positive at the speed of light. This is not (completely) true.

 * 1) Electricity is carried by charged particles.
 * This can mean any small particles that carry charge and are free to move. In metals, electrons are free to move and the metal nuclei are not.  In salt water, however, electrons, negative ions, and positive ions are free to move, and do, when a voltage is applied (batteries and electrolytic capacitors are examples of electrical components that carry charge as ions).  In your own nerve cells, electricity is carried by moving ions, such as potassium and sodium.  In semiconductors, electricity is carried by electrons, but is often much more easily understood as movement of "holes"; the absence of an electron.  In some static electricity experiments, electricity can be carried by charged dust or small pieces of paper.
 * 1) Electrons drift through conductors.
 * 2) * When you flip the light switch, the light comes on almost instantly. This does not mean that the electrons themselves move that quickly.  In fact, they usually move much much slower.  A typical speed for electron drift in a DC electronic circuit is slower than molasses.  The electrons themselves are moving very quickly, but not in one direction.  They are constantly moving randomly from atom to atom, and only have a very gradual drift, or shift in average position over time.  The speed electrons drift actually depends on voltage, resistance of the conductor, shape of the conductor, material the conductor is made of, temperature, and other factors.
 * 3) * What is actually traveling quickly is electromagnetic waves; the pushing of electrons by their neighbors. This is similar to the way a wave in water works.  When you drop a stone in a pond, a wave spreads out from where the stone hit the surface.  But does the water itself move?  Not really.  The water molecules at the surface are just moving back and forth, and their cumulative effect is the wave that you see, which travels in one direction.  This is similar to the travel of an AC wave down a transmission line.  (we could make a better analogy to waves of car traffic or waves of people in line for a ride at the fair)  An interesting analogy would be moving a hand through air.  The hand is the wave and the air is the random electron movement.
 * 4) Electromagnetic waves only travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.
 * 5) * What is usually meant when someone says "the speed of light" is actually "the speed of light in a vacuum", as light itself slows down while traveling through materials. A typical speed for a signal traveling down common coaxial cable is 2/3 the speed of light (in a vacuum).  (This is about 200,000,000 m/s.)  The wave traveling down the cable is actually the same thing as light, just at a different frequency.  The waves traveling through your nerves as you read this are traveling at about 120 m/s.

As you increase voltage you increase the electric field and the speed at which charged particles travel. This is why increasing voltage directly increases current. Reversing the voltage reverses the current.

Sometimes you have voltage but no current. This is used in analog and digital circuits to control switches.

So, negative particles drift from negative to positive voltage, and positive particles drift in the opposite direction from positive to negative voltage. The particles drift at different speeds in different materials. speed of "holes" based on bandgap. Given the presence of holes we tend to ignore the particles and focus on the current flow. Current is measured by the amount of charge flow per unit time and represents the speed of the electromagnetics waves. In talking about current we will mainly talk about electrons flowing, as they are the predominant charge carriers in metal and many circuit components.

Current = flow of charge (usually electrons

Current is the change in charge over time.

$$I={dQ \over dt}$$

Accumulation of current is charge. Talk about cells and capacitors.

$$Q=\int I dt$$

Resistance: R
Resistance opposes the flow of electrons. In the absence of resistance current shorts and flows unhindered like that of a power surge. Resistance combined with voltage set limits on the current that is allowed to flow through electronics. This is necessary otherwise the parts would melt (extreme electromigration). As resistance increases the flow of charge slows to a trickle until current stops flowing. Given the sheer number of electrons flowing this does not happen until resistance is effectively infinite.

Without resistance this is effectively a short meaning the electrons flow unhindered. The current is limited by the voltage. Resistance stops the flow of current. A short circuit has no resistance. As resistance increases to infinity the current stops flowing and becomes an open circuit.

$$I = {V \over R}$$

This is known as Ohm's law. Which says that Current I is equal to Voltage V divided by Resistance R. Or that voltage creates current and resistance limits the flow of current. In a circuit resistance does not change much, so most of the behavior of a circuit depends on the voltage which controls the current.

Current through a conductor versus an insulator like air.

title: Electronics/Voltage


text:
Talk:Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire

Title
Something isn't sitting right with me about her title in the info box referring to her as Dowager Duchess of Devonshire. Surely this is now incorrect as since her death, no such person exists.

I have not changed this, but i'm pretty sure this is incorrect. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:37, 22 October 2014 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Chatsworth Cookery Book - large.jpg
Image:Chatsworth Cookery Book - large.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 19:43, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

"Deborah Devonshire"???
Bizarrely, an FT article refers to her as "Deborah Devonshire."

And it appears from this review that the cover of her memoir Wait for Me likewise has her name as "Deborah Devonshire."

What on earth is up with that?

--Tbanderson (talk) 13:28, 21 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Its farily common that those not wanting to always use their full title instead use the area part of their title like a surname. Another example would be Johnny Bute. RafikiSykes (talk) 10:48, 1 October 2011 (UTC)

Sitter for Lucian Freud
Could it be added somewhere that she sat for Lucian Freud? I saw her portrait at the National Portrait Gallery, and it is extraordinary. Also she talks about her experience in the 2004 BBC TV show "Imagine... Sitting for Lucian Freud". Crazy Eddy (talk) 22:26, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

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Talk:Centralia, Illinois

John Shakespeare
There was a man called John Shakespeare who sold 30 Bugattis to a fellow Bugatti obsessive around 1962. He was said to be from Centralia, Il:  and he must have been rich because otherwise he wouldn't have had 30 Bugattis. I think he was a sucessful manufacturer, possibly of upmarket fishing tackle, but there may have been more to him than that. Probably was. Is anyone able to give him a little wiki entry, please? And thank you. Regards Charles01 (talk) 08:46, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

John W. Shakespeare, a wealthy sportsman and owner of Shakespeare Oil Company in Centralia who dabbled in leisure pursuits that ranged from sports car racing to orchid horticulture. His father, William, the inventor of the level-winding fishing reel, had amassed a fortune manufacturing tackle.The younger Shakespeare, born in 1905, enjoyed health, wealth and a soap opera star’s good looks. He studied mathematics and physics at Carnegie Institute of Technology and Harvard, and had interests in oil, real estate and auto dealerships. Collecting Bugattis was a dalliance slotted between water skiing and sky diving. He was found murdered in his home in 1975. The murder was never solved. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:14, 21 January 2012 (UTC) Police in Centralia have been mum, Residents basically remember nothing of him or the murder. People seem not to care because there is no information whatsoever forthcoming...and no one knew what he did or was, and noone ever did this or that that makes someone an entity...yet, the guy had a fortune in family money. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Orphan93 (talk • contribs) 05:25, 9 August 2012 (UTC)

MURDER INVESTIGAION John Shakespeare's body was discovered by his handyman, Ralph Porter, on the evening of May 8, 1975. Mr. Porter was investigating broken glass on the door leading to the entry of Shakespeare's residence prior to discovering Shakespeare's body in the basement. The first policeman to arrive at the scene at 8:03 P.M. was officer Stanley Pokojski. Officer Pokojski along with Lt. Qualls and Paul Ritter identified the body which they found tied with a yellow electric cord and a pair of handcuffs around both wrist. The handcuffs surrounded a drain pipe and the electric cord was brought down and then tied around Shakespeare's ankles. The head was wrapped with a towel and surrounded by a large amount of blood coming from the head. Also a tan colored cloth was wrapped around his ankles and the cord was also tied around the ankles. At this point police officers called for the coroner and the crime lab photographer. When Investigator Bill Austin, from the Illinois Crime Lab, arrived the towels, cord, cloth  and handcuffs were removed from the body. There were two towels removed, each tied with a "square knot", and there had been a gag in his mouth prior to the time that the towels had apparently been put around his head. The cuffs were found to be on exceptionally tight, by all appearances they cut into the wrist and mashed the flesh down and left a ridge in the wrist when they were removed. The yellow extension cord was then removed and the binding under the cord around the feet was cut off. Once the towels, cord, gag and handcuffs were removed, Shakespeare was found to be dressed only in a pair of gym shorts, no shirt, shoes or socks were found. At this time the body was removed by Campbell Ambulance and taken to St Mary's Hospital for examination and an autopsy preformed by Dr. Cesar Gallego M.D.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:22, 13 December 2015 (UTC)Fults,Centralia Police reports of 5/7/75

'''PATHOLOGY REPORT On May 9th, 1975 an autopsy was performed on John Shakespeare by Pathologist Dr. Cesar Gallego at St. Mary's Hospital. Dr. Gallego discovered a small slug in the victims head and investigator Bill Austin took possession of the evidence. Dr. Gallego stated that the cause of death was a gun shot wound to the head and estimated the time of death to be either late afternoon or early evening on the date Shakespeare was found. Toxicology results were negative for Ethanol, barbiturates, stimulants and/or benzodiazepines and the X-Ray report indicated a large chunk of metal with an irregular shape located just beneath the right parietal bone. In addition the report found evidence of degenerative joint disease of the cervical spine but no fractures or dislocations were noted, absent the entrance to the left parietal bone of the skull that demonstrated extensive fracture of the skull.

The body was that of a 69 year white male measuring 5 feet 5 inches and weighing 145 pounds. Marked rigor mortis was present and patches of lividity were present in different parts of the body. Abrasions were noted on the right wrist as well as marks of handcuffs. Both ankles exhibited areas of abrasions probably resulting from binding of the feet. Three small abrasions were present on the left knee, the largest measuring 2 cm in maximum diameter. On the lateral aspect of the left hemithorax there was a long abrasion measuring 6 cm in length and looked like fingernail scratches. Both upper eyelids were extremely swollen and bluish red in appearance. The conjuntivae was clear and no petechial hemorrhage was present. The brain was removed and appeared normal except for lacerated areas. On sectioning, the brain was unremarkable except for the distruction of the parenchymal tissue in the path of the bullet. Multiple sections of the cerebellum and brain stem show no gross abnormality. All organs were removed, weighed and dissected and found to be grossly unremarkable except for moderate vascular congestion and slight emphysematous changes in the lungs and occasional fatty changes in the liver. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:41, 17 January 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Centralia, Illinois


text:
File:Le Beau Mariage film poster.jpg

Summary

 * Description: Poster for Le Beau Mariage (1982)
 * Source: image, page

Fair use for Le Beau Mariage
This image is being linked here; though the picture is subject to copyright, I (gren グレン) feel it is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * It is a low resolution image of a movie poster
 * It does not limit the copyright owners rights to sell the film in any way
 * It allows for identification of the film Le Beau Mariage
 * No free alternatives are possible
 * It illustrates the film in question

title: File:Le Beau Mariage film poster.jpg


text:
Talk:Ben Gulak

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title: Talk:Ben Gulak


text:
Melisa Miranda

Melisa Miranda-Otarola (born 28 April 1988) is a Chilean former professional tennis player.

Born in Santiago, Miranda played in the Fed Cup for Chile from 2005 to 2009. She featured in a total of eleven ties for her country and won eight of her nine singles rubbers. In addition to the Fed Cup, she also represented Chile at the 2007 Pan American Games.

Miranda, a right-handed player, reached a best singles ranking of 447 on the professional tour. She made her only WTA Tour main-draw appearance at the 2008 Cachantún Cup in Viña del Mar, as a local wildcard in the women's singles. Both of her two ITF title wins also came in 2008.

title: Melisa Miranda


text:
K. Prapanjan

K. Prapanjan is a professional Indian Kabaddi player. He is plays for Tamil Thalaivas as a raider in Season 8 of Pro Kabaddi League.

Early life
He was born in Sankagiri, Tamil Nadu, India.

Pro Kabaddi League
He played for U Mumba in Season 3, Telugu Titans in Season 4, Tamil Thalaivas in Season 5, Gujarat Fortunegiants in Season 6. He was bought for 55.5 lakhs by Bengal Warriors in the 2019 auction. In PKL 2021 auction for season 8, he has been bought for 71 lakhs by Tamil thalaivas.

title: K. Prapanjan


text:
Cookbook:Beef and Barley Stew

| United States | Meat | Stews

Beef and barley stew is a hearty stew that can be prepared from freezer to table in under 2 hours. It's easy to prepare ahead of time and refrigerate or freeze for later use.

Ingredients

 * 3 pounds (1.25 kg) beef, cubed
 * 1 white onion, diced
 * 4 cubed potatoes
 * 1 cup (240 g) barley
 * ¼ cup (60 g) flour
 * 1 can tomato paste
 * 1 small can diced tomatoes
 * 1 slug Worcestershire sauce
 * 1 bunch parsley
 * salt, pepper, paprika to taste
 * 1 teaspoon thyme
 * 2 teaspoons marjoram
 * 2 tablespoons vegetable oil
 * 2 cartons beef broth
 * 1 lb (450 g) mushrooms
 * 1 pkg frozen green beans
 * 3 cloves halved garlic
 * 3 stalks celery
 * 4 large carrots
 * water, enough to cover all ingredients in pot

Variation I

 * 1) Dust beef cubes lightly with flour, then brown in vegetable oil.
 * 2) Move to separate pot and clean pan with beef broth and add to pot.
 * 3) Sauté celery, garlic and onion briefly and add to pot. Simmer for 1.5 hours.
 * 4) Add barley and simmer additional ½ hour.
 * 5) Add potatoes, sliced mushrooms, frozen green beans, diced tomatoes and tomato paste.
 * 6) Add slug of Worcestershire sauce. Simmer for 1 additional hour.
 * 7) Chop parsley and stir into stew before serving.

Variation II

 * 1) Combine the flour, salt, pepper, and paprika on a plate, and dredge the cubed beef in the flour mixture.
 * 2) Add the oil to a Dutch oven or large saucepan on medium high heat. Brown the beef in the oil.
 * 3) When the beef is evenly browned on all sides, add the water, beef broth, bay leaf, onion, carrots and barley. Allow to come to a simmer and reduce heat.
 * 4) Allow to simmer for 1 to 1½ hours, until the meat is tender. Remove the bay leaf and serve with noodles or rice.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * Don't overcrowd the beef when browning. If there is not enough room to brown all the meat at the same time, do it in batches, and then add the reserved beef with the other ingredients.

Warnings

 * Always follow safe handling guidelines when using raw meat.

title: Cookbook:Beef and Barley Stew


text:
Stag Night

 * Stag night is also the UK, Canadian, Irish, Australian and New Zealand term for a Bachelor party.

Stag Night is a 2008 American horror film written and directed by Peter A. Dowling and starring Kip Pardue, Vinessa Shaw, and Breckin Meyer. The plot follows four men from a bachelor party along with two strippers who become trapped in an abandoned platform in the New York City Subway, where they witness a murder.

Plot
Four men on a bachelor party in New York ride the subway and, along with two strippers from the club, accidentally get off at a station that closed down in the 1970s. Trapped in the tunnels beneath New York, they witness the murder of a transit cop by three transients and find themselves on the run for their lives.

Cast

 * Kip Pardue as Mike
 * Vinessa Shaw as Brita
 * Breckin Meyer as Tony
 * Scott Adkins as Carl
 * Karl Geary as Joe
 * Sarah Barrand as Michele
 * Rachel Oliva as Claire
 * Luca Bercovici as Tunnel Rat #1
 * Genadii Gancheva as Tunnel Rat #2
 * Radoslav Parvanov as Tunnel Rat #3
 * Suzanna Urszuly as Woman
 * Itai Diakov as Kid Tunnel Rat
 * Nikolai Sotirov as Old Man
 * Phil Jackson as Rain Driver
 * Vencislav Stojanov as Cop
 * Jo Marr as Young Man
 * Amy Mihailova	as Young Woman
 * Yordan Zahariev as Bouncer #1
 * Gabriel Balanica as Bouncer #2
 * Maya Andreeva	as Old Woman
 * Dennis Andreev as Child
 * Lyubomir Yonchev as Shanty Town Bo

Production
Produced by Arnold Rifkin and Chris Eberts, under their Rifkin/Eberts label, and Michael Philip and Jo Marr of Film Tiger. The movie was shot in 2007 in Sofia, Bulgaria and in New York City. The post-production took place at "The Post Group", Hollywood, Los Angeles in 2008. Chris Ouwinga and Darryn Welch financed the film via their production company, Instinctive Film.

Starring Kip Pardue, Vinessa Shaw, Breckin Meyer, Karl Geary, Scott Adkins, Sarah Barrand, Rachel Oliva and Luca Bercovici.

Closing Credits Song, "Don't Hide Away From the Sun" by Alphanaut.

Inspiration
Running in almost real time, Stag Night is a throwback to the early film of John Carpenter and 1970s thrillers such as Deliverance while the plot bears a certain resemblance to that of the classic British horror film Death Line (1972).

Release
The film was first time released as Direct-to-DVD on 26 June 2008 in Brazil as Fuga Sobre Trilhos. It was part of the Screamfest Horror Film Festival on 8 February 2010. Ghost House Pictures released the DVD in the United States on 15 February 2011.

title: Stag Night


text:
User:Perl~enwikibooks/Fahrenheit 451/resources

=Resources=
 * Ray Bradbury Online: A brief biography

 * Ray Bradbury biography from teenreads.com

 * Ray Bradbury's official site

 * Ray Bradbury article from Wikipedia

 * Fahrenheit 451 article from Wikipedia


text:
Papuascincus stanleyanus

Papuascincus stanleyanus is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to New Guinea.

Etymology
The specific name, stanleyanus, refers to the Owen Stanley Range.

Foreign language common names
P. stanleyanus is known as kls or mabdagol in the Kalam language of Papua New Guinea.

Habitat
Papuascincus stanleyanus is commensal with humans, and is often found in human settlements. In the Upper Kaironk Valley of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, it is the most common small lizard found in houses.

Reproduction
C. stanleyanus is oviparous.

title: Papuascincus stanleyanus


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Trueman Bradley

The result was   keep. Black Kite (talk) 09:50, 25 July 2012 (UTC)

Trueman Bradley

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

Subject not notable enough for its own article. I Never  Cry  20:38, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Move and/or Redirect It's an actual book--that is verifiable. There are some reviews; probably enough to meet the significant coverage requirement either for an article about the book or the author, but not the character.  Perhaps move to Trueman Bradley - Aspie Detective or Alexei Maxim Russell and redirect.--William Thweatt TalkContribs 20:48, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep per WP:GNG. The sources in the article demonstrate significant coverage in multiple reliable sources independent of the subject. This article would be a good place to list all of the Trueman Bradley books. The alternative is an article for each book in the series (assuming it becomes one). Pburka (talk) 01:58, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Comment: Refs#1 and 5 are dead links. Refs# 2 and 3 are about the novel not the character. Ref# 4 is about Debbie Patterson and only mentions Trueman Bradley in 2 short paragraphs. Ref# 6 is also about the novel and not the character. The novel might meet WP:GNG, but not the character. I  Never  Cry  20:26, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * This has devolved into a debate about what the article should be named. Whether it's Trueman Bradley or Trueman Bradley - Aspie Detective or Alexei Maxim Russell isn't particularly important to me. Pburka (talk) 23:12, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Literature-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 11:57, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Fictional elements-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 11:57, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.

 * Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, BusterD (talk) 20:57, 17 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Keep Meets WP:GNG. AuthorAuthor (talk) 11:19, 18 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep per GNG. Cavarrone (talk) 09:39, 19 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Martynovo, Altai Krai

Martynovo (Мартыново) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Martynovsky Selsoviet, Yeltsovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 1,252 as of 2013. There are 23 streets.

Geography
Martynovo is located 29 km west of Yeltsovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bragino is the nearest rural locality.

title: Martynovo, Altai Krai


text:
User:Obayagbona Starboy God's Power

A Nigeria Film 🎥 Maker, Fashion Designer, Director of Gp Movie Productio n.

title: User:Obayagbona Starboy God's Power


text:
Talk:Bae Ho

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 07:08, 2 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Bae Ho (portrait sketch of 'Foggy Jangchundan Park').jpg

title: Talk:Bae Ho


text:
Chinese (Mandarin)/Lesson 1

=Lesson 1: 你好！=

It is appropriate to start off the introduction to Chinese with the common greeting. Below is a dialogue between two people meeting each other for the first time.

Vocabulary
Note: Visit this lesson's Stroke Order subpage to see images and animations detailing how to write the following characters. Audio files of the words are linked from the pīnyīn when available. Problems listening? See media help.

Proper Nouns
Forming the nationality is usually as simple as adding on to the country name. becomes, and so forth.

Basic Sentences
1. 我叫艾美.
 * Wǒ jiào Àiměi.
 * I'm called Amy.

Sentences using shì [是]
1. 我是中国人.
 * Wǒ shì Zhōngguórén.
 * I am a Chinese person.

2. 她是金妮.
 * Tā shì Jīnní.
 * She is Ginny.

3. 她们是英国人.
 * Tāmen shì Yīngguórén.
 * They are English.

1. 他不是东尼.
 * Tā bú shì Dōngní.
 * He is not Tony.

2. 我不是美国人.
 * Wǒ bú shì Měiguórén.
 * I am not American.

Articles
There are no articles in Chinese grammar. While English noun clauses often begin with "a", "an", or "the", Chinese is less verbose.

An example:
 * 1) 我是中国人.
 * Wǒ shì Zhōngguórén.
 * I am [a] Chinese person.

An "a" appears in the English translation, but the singular and indefinite nature of is just inferred in Chinese.

The question particle
The declarative example sentence in #1 is transformed into an interrogative in #2.

1. 她是金妮.
 * Tā shì Jīnní.
 * She is Ginny.

2. 她是金妮吗？
 * Tā shì Jīnní ma?
 * She is Ginny ?

The question particle
1. 我叫东尼, 你呢？
 * Wǒ jiào Dōngní, nǐ ne?
 * I'm called Tony. How about you?

2. 艾美是中国人, 他呢？
 * Àiměi shì Zhōngguórén, tā ne?
 * Amy is Chinese. How about him?

Question words
1. 他们是哪国人？
 * Tāmen shì nǎ guó rén?
 * What nationality are they? (literally, "They are what country person?")

2. 谁是美国人？
 * Shéi shì Měiguórén?
 * Who is American?

3. 她是谁？
 * Tā shì shéi?
 * Who is she? (literally, "She is who?")

de:Chinesisch: 第一課 de:Chinesisch: Lektion 1 Chino/Lecciones/Lección 1 Chinois/Leçon 1 Cinese/Lezione 1 Кинески јазик/Лекција 1 Chiński/Podstawy/Lekcja 1

title: Chinese (Mandarin)/Lesson 1


text:
Talk:Review Centre

This article reads like a press release. I've added the POV-check tag. AbsolutDan 02:04, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Still reads like one a bit, but more importantly it is lacking sources. It needs citations from reliable sources. Not sure if it's notable either, so tagging as such. --AbsolutDan (talk) 13:01, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Review Centre


text:
Talk:Dennis Cochrane

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title: Talk:Dennis Cochrane


text:
Talk:Vatnik

Definition
"Please verify to AS" - what does this mean?

The author of the term specifically writes "Я решил нарисовать персонажа, который воплотил бы в себе все отрицательные качества типичного россиянина." All sources speak to the same. What is your reference that the term became more generic?-M.Altenmann >t 02:43, 1 June 2015 (UTC)

 * "Я решил нарисовать персонажа, который воплотил бы в себе все отрицательные качества типичного россиянина." - it is about uprise of the term, about idea of meme from author. Do you need correct translation of this sentence? Vatniks called any person with Russian / pro-Russian (imperial, sovok etc) mentality, regardless of nationality or ethnic origin. in sourses:

 * "Ватниками" проукраїнськи налаштовані жителі півострова називають тих земляків, у яких досі не минає ейфорія з приводу російської окупації.
 * интернет-мем, которым русских патриотов и патриотов России обозначают их противники. (...Russian patriots and patriots of Russia...) (can't add link)
 * термин, который представители креативного класса ввели в 2011 году для обозначения патриотов России (...for identification patriots of Russia) (can't add link)

Yes, term have direct relation to Russians, but vatnik can be not only a Russian. Russian/Soviet identity - maybe.--Trydence (talk) 10:31, 1 June 2015 (UTC)

More sourses:
 * людина з (пост) радянською ментальністю, яка щиро не розуміє, для чого існує держава Україна.
 * Можна сказати, що ватник – це совок з активною громадянською позицією

--Trydence (talk) 10:36, 1 June 2015 (UTC)

The term is used mainly by Polish, Baltic and Ukrainian Nationalists for Critics of anti-Russian policy.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:37, 30 October 2021 (UTC)

Not an ethnic slur
Vatnik is not an ethnic slur. Vatnik is a social diagnosis of a member of any society who has trouble to distinguish propaganda and possesses a selective hearing as having cotton balls (vata) in his or her ears. Aleksandr Grigoryev (talk) 04:09, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * +1 It's a political slur, not ethnical. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:15, 23 April 2018 (UTC)

A funny and ironical fact is that the People who use this slur often are followers of distinguish Propaganda of the governments of their own countries or those of US government. There are for example Polish Nationalists who admire Pilsudski and dreaming about the realization of his Project called Intermarium, Balts who admire Baltic SS Volunteers as Freedom Fighters, Ukrainians who vote for Right Sector or American Exceptionalists who use that slur and have exactly that mental state which this lame meme describes.--Konfuziusfreund (talk) 15:35, 28 June 2021 (UTC)

 * Cry me a river, ruski. You don't have any evidence backing this claim. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:26, 17 August 2022 (UTC)
 * There is no need to use ethnic slurs against people here, it is a place of civil discussion, take your nationalism elsewhere. Luroe (talk) 17:03, 1 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Not relevant to this discussion. Go on English-speaking social media. People use the term "vatnik" for extremely non-Russian people like Caitlin Johnstone, Michael Tracey, Scott Ritter, etc. with great regularity.
 * Because it is a pejorative which is used against non-Russians with extreme frequency, it cannot be considered an ethnic slur in actual use. It's not like "katsap," which is a pejorative used exclusively against Russians, and so therefore is an ethnic slur against Russians. 2603:7080:C33A:B22A:ED40:5336:D51B:5A80 (talk) 17:11, 28 December 2022 (UTC)

I do not see any positive shade of meaning of subject of article
Try to so called someone any the russian, and then prove that you made it from good intentions, positively, to express support - most likely, you will not have time to escape. In general, there is no talk of any neutral point of view in the article, the article is biased into opposition to the russians.

The official story about the origin of that term sounds very unlikely. Pussy Riot members were punished not very hard for copulating in a public building in front of children so why should the creator of that meme (that is ironically used by jingoistic followers of Propaganda of the governments of Poland, Baltic States, Ukraine or US) fleed from Russia to Ukraine? The meme is probably a part of the Propaganda of the Liberal Opposition in Russia against the Russian government.--Konfuziusfreund (talk) 15:42, 28 June 2021 (UTC)

"Ethnic slur"
I've only ever seen Vatnik used to refer to excessive pro russian or eastern bloc bias in discussions. Anyone of any ethnicity can be a vatnik, as it's a state of mind. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:18C:C901:A563:5C46:7D7A:6AB0:D02C (talk) 01:27, 11 June 2019 (UTC)

There is no Eastern Bloc anymore but there is a Western Bloc called NATO which was expanded since the end of Cold war. According to my personal experience the slur is used by Nationalist Ukrainians, Poles and Balts or also by Americans who consume the Mainstream Media who call everyone a Vatnik who critizes the biased Coverage on Russia.--Konfuziusfreund (talk) 13:27, 26 June 2021 (UTC)

 * From my personal experience, it was used mostly by Russians (e.g. bloggers) that oppose Putin. Underfell Flowey (talk) 05:54, 17 August 2022 (UTC)

 * For all intents and purposes the term Vatnik is almost identical in meaning and tone to the term Tankie. The term first originated and gained popularity in Russia itself to refer to pro-Kremlin and pro-Soviet people. Other similar characters for Ukraine and for Belarus have also been created but stayed obscure. After Euromaidan an opposite term emerged in Ukraine - Vyshyvatnik, a portmanteu of vyshyvanka and vatnik to describe a jingoist Ukrainian nationalist who went too far. Notably this term emerged in pro-Ukrainian community and is rarely used by the Russians. --VileGecko (talk) 18:57, 1 September 2022 (UTC)

Political slur
Political slur is not a thing in English. Closest I could think of is Snowflake (slang) which is described as a derogatory term. I think that's close, but derisive might be better. I'm going to add that. LMK here if you have a better idea. Rendall (talk) 10:20, 17 August 2022 (UTC)

 * They do exist within english "Tankie", "Pinko", "Commie", "Wumao" and "SJW" to name a few, they exist, it's just that you exist within the realm of acceptable politics of your national politique and thus do not hear them. Sussis Amogus (talk) 02:26, 27 June 2023 (UTC)

Maybe just pejorative Rendall (talk) 10:23, 17 August 2022 (UTC)

 * The articles sourced as "evidence" for the term being pejorative do not even mention the word "vatnik" let alone definitively define it as a pejorative.
 * This article has gone through significant revisions in the last few days/weeks, and it is clear that there is an effort (potentially from Russia, or Russian sympathizers) to redefine the term as something worse than it really is so what it can be used against people elsewhere e.g. proving a Twitter violation or ban. Given current events, and Russians known use of disinformation campaigns such as this, I would argue that the article should be locked in either its previous state, or at least without the questionable sources that do not speak to the definition as a pejorative. 2600:8800:200:5DE:11A5:35FB:9E8D:551A (talk) 02:20, 19 August 2022 (UTC)

 * Ok. But you reverted my change of "slur" to "pejorative" (more neutral in my opinion) back to "slur" which is not neutral, and "political slur" is not a phrase used in English, and that reversion didn't even address your concerns. So, please explain your reversion. Rendall (talk) 06:52, 19 August 2022 (UTC)
 * I've explained my revision, do you have anything to say for blindly accepting sources that are irrelevant? 2600:8800:200:5DE:7CE1:525F:A3B6:6034 (talk) 20:44, 21 August 2022 (UTC)
 * It appears that you have been warned multiple times to stop reverting changes on this page. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:2600:8800:200:5DE:11A5:35FB:9E8D:551A Rendall (talk) 06:58, 19 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Indeed I have, because it is wrong. Neither word is neutral, if anything the words "slur" and "pejorative" are essentially equivalent. Whether the phrase "political slur" is commonly used is irrelevant, since the description is accurate. My reversion is due to the fact that the sources provided do not speak to the word being a pejorative. In fact the sources do not even refer to the word "vatnik" at anywhere in their text. At this point though, I couldn't care less about the wording but the sources can, and should, be removed as they are irrelevant to the topic and definition. 2600:8800:200:5DE:5492:4206:F5AD:895C (talk) 20:07, 19 August 2022 (UTC)
 * > My reversion is due to the fact that the sources provided do not speak to the word being a pejorative.
 * Ok.
 * 1. I didn't address the sources at all. I was reacting specifically to the use of the term political slur. As I describe below, it is not a term that easily makes sense.
 * 2. Your reversion of my change didn't even address that which you yourself claim to upset you.
 * You apparently want more evidence that vatnik is used negatively? So then you revert *pejorative* back to *slur*? Makes no sense, even if you believe they are equivalent.
 * 3. Vatnik is used negatively by those opposed to the Russian invasion of Ukraine to describe people who accept and promote propaganda from the Russian government. If you accept that it is used this way, then by definition it is a pejorative. If you must, we can simply cite a dictionary.
 * If you want to have a conversation of whether or not vatnik is a pejorative, you should provide sources that it's considered a positive or neutral term. Do you have even one example of vatnik being used positively? Anywhere?
 * Rendall (talk) 07:09, 22 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Any response to my comments? Have you read the sources? Did you even bother to the most basic checking? 2600:8800:200:5DE:4DD8:7AB2:FE2E:5194 (talk) 19:21, 20 August 2022 (UTC)
 * As a native speaker of English I can assure you that pejorative and slur are not equivalent. I will read your sources but they will have no bearing on this particular distinction.
 * Slur has a connotation of unfairness that pejorative does not. All slurs are pejoratives but not all pejoratives are slurs.
 * Examples:
 * The n-word is a slur because there is no use of the term that is not unfair. It doesn't matter what the person believes or how they behave, a slur is meant to apply because of what the person is. It is also a pejorative.
 * Reactionary is a negative term - a pejorative - used by revolutionaries (or progressives) to describe those who resist implemented changes. It can be used as a slur only if it's untrue, but unlike a slur, a pejorative can accurately describe someone even if it has a connotation that is negative.
 * Using a political pejorative to slur someone is the only situation where political slur even makes sense as a term. For example, to call someone who is not a vatnik a vatnik, or to call someone who is not a reactionary a reactionary, could be a political slur.
 * To call the term vatnik a slur implies an inherent unfairness equivalent to the n-word, but since it can accurately (even if negatively) describe someone's beliefs, it is not inherently a slur.
 * If you want to argue about the equivalence of the two terms slur and pejorative then dictionaries are the appropriate sources.
 * Anyway, I'll give your sources a browse now and come back with my thoughts. Rendall (talk) 06:54, 22 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Comments above.
 * As an aside, arguing for its being a neutral term as you do could be considered a pro-invasion stance. Vatnik is intended to be an insult. It was constructed that way. It is intended to get people to question their sources of knowledge.
 * If I were pro-invasion or otherwise pro-Putin, I would claim the word and proudly say 'I am a Vatnik, because Russia brings the light of civilization and progress to the benighted neighbors...' or whatever, thereby cutting its evocative power. Rendall (talk) 07:19, 22 August 2022 (UTC)

"Vatnik" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vatnik&redirect=no Vatnik] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Jay 💬 10:34, 2 August 2023 (UTC)

Requested move 29 October 2023

The result of the move request was: Moved, only opposition was withdrawn (closed by non-admin page mover) BegbertBiggs (talk) 21:47, 5 November 2023 (UTC)

Vatnik (slang) → Vatnik – I think by now it's clear this is the more common meaning of "Vatnik" in English. When I search "Vatnik" on Google Books, every single source on the first page is using it in the slang sense. Same goes for Google News When I search on just normal Google, literally all the results are sites explaining the meaning of the slang, and they all have to explain what the jacket is to their English-speaking audience. The "jacket" meaning has always been very obscure, because the telogreika is a completely unknown piece of attire in the Anglosphere. The slang is the WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. HappyWith (talk) 19:37, 29 October 2023 (UTC)

 * Also, the pageviews of the slang are four times higher than the clothing item, despite the fact that people searching "Vatnik" are redirected to Telogreika. HappyWith (talk) 19:40, 29 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose per WP:RECENTISM. Well-establishedd primary meaning. We surely don't want to move pages with every surge of some particular usage. Looking at Wikipedia Signpost, top pageviews, I see Jawan (film) in tops. this does not mean we have to move Jawan (film) to Jawan. - Altenmann >talk 20:28, 29 October 2023 (UTC)
 * It's not a recent surge at all. The articles I'm talking about that show up in Google are almost ten years old, talking about the rise of the term in the context of the war in Donbas. HappyWith (talk) 00:03, 30 October 2023 (UTC)

 * support there's no way that an obscure jacket is well established or have long term significance in the anglo-sphere—blindlynx 23:25, 29 October 2023 (UTC)

 * Support. Even if we don’t agree this is the primary topic, there is no need for disambiguation in the title and it should be removed. (It doesn’t even make sense, as vatnik is a colloquialism or slang name for the jacket as well.) —Michael Z. 13:49, 30 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Vatnik


text:
User:Brooksgl07

Burgger and frogger (stop motion) (2019-) 3 episodes made per day.

voices:

Colonel Nelson

irene Nelson

Earl Baxter

additional voices:

jerry Nelson

Lois Baxter

ione Lott

guest voices:

Rosie r Wilbur

bishop Henry sheard

characters:

burgger:

frogger:

howard:

frank:

debbie:

bill:

benny:

paul:

DEATHS: 2002

June 22: colonel Nelson dies at 81

DEATHS:2017

February 20: irene Nelson dies at 93

DEATHS:2019

December 7: jase bell Joshua dies at 84

june 16: Rosie r Wilbur dies at 77

DEATHS:2016

ione lott dies at 79

DEATHS:2020

February 7 : earl Baxter (the voice of Paul) dies at 64

April 5: willie mae sheard (wife of Henry sheard) dies at 84

AGES:

lois Baxter 60 (1960)

Jerry Nelson 66 (1954)

Ione Lott 79 (1937-2016)

Earl Baxter 64  (1954-2020

colonel Nelson 81 (1921-2002)

irene Nelson 93   (1924-2017)

Jase bell Joshua 84 (1934-2019)

Willie Mae sheard 84 (1935-2020)

Rosie Wilbur 77 (1942-2019

bishop Henry sheard 83 (1936)

EPISODES:

season 1: the store brawl (pilot episode/short)

season 2: toys of DOOM

season:3 filler news

PEOPLE: causes of death.

colonel Nelson: diabetes/heart failure

irene Nelson: heart attack

Earl Baxter: brain cancer/ pneumonia

rosie Wilbur: skin cancer/ stroke

willie mae sheard: COVID-19

PEOPLE/QUOTES

Earl Baxter: I’m gonna get outta HERE.

colonel Nelson: boy, i said to him that .........

.....well, i hope you didn’t ruin the camera.

title: User:Brooksgl07


text:
Talk:Ben Jones (musician)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Ben Jones (musician)


text:
Talk:Systems engineering

Please consider helping us establish distributed computing capabilities at Wikiversity. See http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Screensaver_Project Rayc, 01:11, 21 November 2006

learning program (2 weeks): Systems Perspective stage
Hello, we are looking for 3-4 people willing to experiment with a learning program for the Systems Perspective stage.

Time to start: earliest Monday, February 8th 2010. run time: 2 weeks licence on wiki: cc by-sa

Interested? Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 16:18, 6 February 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Systems engineering


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Onizuka Prop Wash Award

Onizuka Prop Wash Award
Created/expanded by Skeet Shooter (talk). Nominated by Yutsi (talk) at 18:47, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * ... that the Onizuka Prop Wash Award is named after Ellison Onizuka, a USAF TPS graduate who died in the Challenger explosion?

 * In the wrong section (see July 10 below) — Crisco 1492 (talk) 05:16, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Fixed. Sorry about that!—Yutsi Talk/  Contributions  ( 偉特 ) 20:15, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Looks good. New article of sufficient length. Hook is interesting enough and cited. AGF on offline sources. – Muboshgu (talk) 17:37, 17 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Supreme Revolutionary Committee

Relevant move request
There is a move request at Talk:Revolutionary committee (disambiguation) that watchers of this page may be interested in. Egsan Bacon (talk) 14:36, 27 February 2015 (UTC)

Thursday?
This seems to need clarification: "the failure of Thursday talks between the Houthis and Yemen". Thursday when? — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  15:18, 10 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Supreme Revolutionary Committee


text:
Cookbook talk:Middle Eastern cuisines

Aren't most of these countries in the Near East, rather than Middle East?

Hi. Israel needs its own separate entry. It is a country of immigrants from all over the world, and the foods that have become popular - while many are Middle Eastern - many others are quite certainly not. Do Palestinians eat Kubana? Jahnun? Gefilte fish? Osem chocolate spread? Even the Middle Eastern ones have taken on their own Israeli flavor.
 * While I don't disagree with your position, you have de-linked an existing page, and replaced it with non existant links to two pages. If possible, please look at Cookbook:Cuisine of Israel / Palestine and determine where it should go, then let a logged in user know, so they can move the page to the correct title.  Thanks, Gentgeen 23:37, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

 * I can't find the reason why Arab cuisine was deleted. I have a few recipes that are wide-spread throughout the Arab countries like Khubz (pita bread) and Ful (fava bean stew).
 * BTW, I think that Israeli cuisine does belong in the correct geographic area. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by David Cheater (talk • contribs) 2007-06-19T01:40:36.

 * The logs show that "Arab cuisine" was deleted because it was empty. I don't know anything further than that. Perhaps you should take this up on the Cookbook talk page, where it will be seen by more Cookbook editors.
 * BTW, ful just means fava bean; there are many recipes using ful, so perhaps you might like to call your ful recipe something other than just "ful", e.g. ful medames. Webaware talk 03:30, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

title: Cookbook talk:Middle Eastern cuisines


text:
File:RichardsonGap1.jpg

Summary
Richardson Gap School built in 1910,in Scio, Oregon was used as a community schoolhouse until 1948. This historical building was then used as a grange/meeting hall, weddings, family reunions, etc. Only to be sold on the courthouse steps, due to pastdue taxes. The current owner has plans to renovate this local landmark in the Willamette Valley and plans on continuing to serve thew community it has been associated with for close to 100 years. For more information, please visit www.richardsongapschool.org

title: File:RichardsonGap1.jpg


text:
Ziyaret

Ziyaret is a Turkish, Persian and Urdu word of Arabic origin [زيارة], meaning "visit." It may refer to the following places in Turkey:

 * Ziyaret, Amasya, a town in the district of Amasya, Amasya Province
 * Ziyaret, Kahta, a village in the district of Kahta, Adıyaman Province
 * Ziyaret, Kozluk, a village in the district of Kozluk, Batman Province
 * Ziyaretköy, Kurucaşile, a village in the district of Kurucaşile, Bartın Province
 * Ziyaret, Şavşat, a village in the district of Şavşat, Artvin Province
 * Ziyaret, Ergani
 * Ziyaret, Sur
 * Ziyaret Tepe, the modern location of Tushhan, an Assyrian city.

title: Ziyaret


text:
HMS Dalriada

HMS Dalriada is Glasgow's Royal Naval Reserve unit. It is based in Govan, one of the city's south-western suburbs.

History
HMS Dalriada was established as a Royal Naval Reserve Headquarters Unit for Greenock and the Firth of Clyde, Scotland in 1965 and originally occupied former air defence buildings on the outskirts of Inverkip. Dalriada remained in Inverkip until 1982, when the unit moved to the Navy Buildings in Greenock, on the site of the former gun battery at Fort Matilda.

Dalriada was named after the 6-7th Century Gaelic over-kingdom Dál Riata in which modern Greenock is located. The Ship's Badge of Dalriada has the boar's head of Clan Campbell (who occupied the territory of the ancient Dál Riata Kingdom in the High Middle Ages) with a Celtic torc and surmounted with a coronet. The letters R N R surround the device and all is enclosed within a diamond surmounted in turn by a plaque with the ship's name and above that the Naval Crown.

The principal RNR unit in Glasgow and the West of Scotland had been, since 1903, HMS Graham, (Clyde Division RNR) based at Whitefield Rd in Govan. At that time RNR Divisional HQs such as HMS Graham were considered senior to HQ Units such as HMS Dalriada, especially in having greater numbers of Reservists and RN Staff attached and in operating active Ton Class Minesweepers as part of the Tenth Mine Counter Measure Squadron. Initially Dalriada had been set up as a tender unit to HMS Graham on which it relied for administrative and other functions.

The 1990 Options for Change changes in RNR Force sizes saw the closure of HMS Graham and the refocusing of the RNR in the West of Scotland on HMS Dalriada. This left Glasgow City without an RNR presence, and the Govan site was handed over to the Army for use by the Territorial Army's 205 (Scottish) Field Hospital of the 2nd Medical Brigade.

After some years the RNR presence in the City of Glasgow was restored through the creation of a satellite unit to HMS Dalriada – Govan Division (but not located on the site of the old HMS Graham which remains in Army hands). In April 2013, Dalriada moved to Govan, subsuming its satellite unit and co-locating with the Royal Marines Reserve Glasgow Detachment.

Members of HMS Dalriada often take part in ceremonial events hosted by the city of Glasgow, often alongside their regular counterparts from HMS Neptune, HMNB Clyde. During the Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games, Dalriada provided personnel to supplement Police Scotland's security operation. Many of the unit's members also took part in flag raising and medal presentation ceremonies as part of the event.

title: HMS Dalriada


text:
Talk:Dennis Drainville

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title: Talk:Dennis Drainville


text:
User:Raif lanka

Mr_f__x

Hi is a guy how leave in the south India his legal name is raif Lanka and he is one who is nation lover his future is to become an naval officer

title: User:Raif lanka


text:
當前

Noun

 * 1) presently; currently; right now

Verb

 * 1) to be in front; to be at the front

Adjective

 * 1)  present; current; modern; today's

title: 當前


text:
Batman: Nine Lives

Batman: Nine Lives is an Elseworlds graphic novel published by DC Comics in 2002, written by Dean Motter, with art by Michael Lark.

Plot summary
Nine Lives differs from the normal Batman canon because it is set in the 1940s at a time when Gotham City is rife with organized crime. Rather than being a superhero story, it more closely resembles a detective comic book from the same era, before the idea of superheroes had been introduced. Though Batman still exists, members of his rogues gallery appear as normal criminals rather than mutated, disfigured or technologically enhanced characters, a similar approach to that of Christopher Nolan's Batman film series. Part of the story's appeal is its clever use of creating more human identities for supervillains such as Joker, Penguin, and Two-Face.

The story begins with noirish narration, following the Batman down a sewer in search of a crocodile. Upon finding and wrestling the animal he is hit on the head by a mysterious assailant. When he awakens, he is lying next to the body of Selina Kyle (Catwoman in the normal canon).

Once the body is discovered, Private Detective Dick Grayson (Robin) is accused by Commissioner Gordon of having something to do with the murder. As the story progresses we find out that Selina Kyle earned the nickname of Catwoman because she owned the Kit Kat Club (a place of ill repute). She used her sexual allure to keep the club from going under financially, but she later resorted to blackmail, because she knew the secrets of many of Gotham's most wanted criminals.

Characters

 * Selina Kyle nicknamed Catwoman, a murdered owner of the bankrupt Kit Kat Club who was blackmailing many of the city's most powerful figures.
 * Private Eye "Boy Wonder" Dick Grayson, an orphaned former circus performer and ex-cop who was hired as Selina's bodyguard but was fired the day before her death.
 * Batman, a mysterious vigilante believed to be on the payroll of Bruce Wayne.
 * Bruce Wayne, an aloof playboy millionaire and former lover of Selina Kyle.
 * Police Commissioner Gordon, the head of Gotham's Police force who is investigating Selina's death and considers Grayson among his chief suspects.
 * Barbara Gordon, the daughter of Commissioner Gordon who works as Grayson's secretary, despite her father's disapproval.
 * Jack, a two-bit card dealer from Las Vegas who runs an unsuccessful underground gambling racket, earning him the nickname "The Poker Joker".
 * Oswald Cobblepot, a dapper racketeer also known as the Penguin who uses his matrimonial businesses as a front for dodgy dealings.
 * Mister Freeze, Cobblepot's hired sociopathic gunman.
 * Matt Hagen, a powerful, disfigured gangster called Clayface who is owed money by Oswald Cobblepot.
 * Edward Nigma, a guilt-riddled embezzling banker known as the Riddler, who was forced by Selina Kyle into a "business" relationship that consists of stealing for her.
 * Harvey Dent, Bruce Wayne's two-faced lawyer and best friend.
 * Croc, an ex-sideshow attraction who performed with Grayson in the circus when they were young.
 * Oliver Queen, one of Wayne's society friends.
 * Alfred, Bruce's personal butler.

Critical reaction
In 2011, IGN Comics ranked Batman: Nine Lives #25 on a list of the 25 greatest Batman graphic novels, calling it "one of the most unique and pleasurable Batman books ever written". When the list was updated in 2014, it was ranked #24.

title: Batman: Nine Lives


text:
Portal:Religious studies

 Welcome to the School of Religious Studies

part of the Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies and the School of Theology The School of Religious Studies is for multi-disciplinary and secular study of religion.

Religious Studies, also known as the study of religion, is an academic field devoted to research into religious beliefs, behaviors, and institutions. It describes, compares, interprets, and explains religion, emphasizing systematic, historically based, and cross-cultural perspectives.

While Theology attempts to understand the transcendent or supernatural according to traditional religious accounts, religious studies takes a more scientific and objective approach independent of any particular religious viewpoint. Religious Studies thus draws upon multiple academic disciplines and methodologies including anthropology, sociology, psychology, philosophy, and history of religion.

The School of Religious Studies works in close cooperation with the School of Theology.

School news

 * 9 September 2006 - Original Division (under Theology) founded!
 * 4 August 2022 - updated to School of Religious Studies! --- School:Religious Studies

Active participants
The histories of Wikiversity pages indicate who the active participants are. If you are an active participant in this division, you can list your name here (this can help small divisions grow and the participants communicate better; for large divisions a list of active participants is not needed).

 * SotanScholar (discuss • contribs)
 * Since 27 August 2014 with Creationism --Marshallsumter (discuss • contribs) 21:06, 13 August 2022 (UTC).
 * dchmelik (discuss • contribs) up to 26 November 2017!
 * DErnestWachter (discuss • contribs<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>
Inactive participants

 * davymast (discuss • contribs)
 * vectoreq (discuss • contribs)
 * vanguard (discuss • contribs)
 * melpomenon (discuss • contribs)

Things you can do
Head over to the school page and help out! --- School:Religious Studies

title: Portal:Religious studies


text:
Morsang-sur-Orge

Morsang-sur-Orge (, literally Morsang on Orge) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 21.2 km from the center of Paris.

Population
Inhabitants of Morsang-sur-Orge are known as Morsaintois.

Transport
Morsang-sur-Orge is served by no station of the Paris Métro, RER, or suburban rail network. The closest station to Morsang-sur-Orge is Savigny-sur-Orge station, which is approximately a 22-minute train journey from the center of Paris on the Paris RER line. This station is located in the neighboring commune of Savigny-sur-Orge, 1.6 km from the town center of Morsang-sur-Orge.

title: Morsang-sur-Orge


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Alec Stock

Alec William Alfred Stock (30 March 1917 – 16 April 2001) was an English footballer and manager. He briefly managed AS Roma, between long spells at Leyton Orient and Queens Park Rangers. At QPR, he won successive promotions, leading the club to the First Division for the first time, and winning the League Cup. Among managers for whom accurate statistics exist, he is the fourth most experienced manager of all time.

Career
Alec Stock was born in Peasedown St John, Somerset, and played as an inside-forward for Charlton Athletic and Queens Park Rangers before World War II and guested for several other clubs during the hostilities. He joined Yeovil Town in 1946.

He came to prominence as the player/manager of Yeovil Town during a historic FA Cup run in 1949. They had thrilling victories over Bury and Sunderland, before losing to Manchester United in the fifth round. He later managed Leyton Orient (1949–1959), AS Roma, Queens Park Rangers (1959–1965) (general manager 1965–1968), Luton Town (1968–1972), Fulham (1972–1976) and AFC Bournemouth (1979–1980). He was also the assistant manager of Arsenal for 53 days during the 1955–56 season and was a director of Queens Park Rangers (1977–1979). He was asked to manage the Third Division South team against the North in 1955–56.

It was perhaps Stock's time as manager of Queens Park Rangers where he is most fondly remembered. It was during his spell in the 1960s that coincided with the development of the club with chairman Jim Gregory. The team enjoyed unprecedented success in 1967 and 1968 winning consecutive promotions with the club reaching the First Division for the first time and becoming the first Third Division team to win the Football League Cup in 1967 beating then First Division West Bromwich Albion 3–2 in a come from behind win. Stock had a focus on youth bringing many of the team through the club's youth system (including Frank Sibley, Tony Hazell, Roger Morgan, Ian Morgan and Mick Leach) as well as blending characters such as Rodney Marsh and Mark Lazarus into the set up.

With internal pressures mounting in the club following the 1967–68 season however, Stock was absent for three months, suffering from asthma. In his book A Little Thing Called Pride, Stock tells how Jim Gregory sacked him in 1968 for being ill, just as he thought he was about to return to the helm and save Rangers from relegation. He later had success with Luton Town who he helped to promotion from the Third Division and also with Fulham when he led them to the 1975 FA Cup final. He briefly returned to be a Director at Queens Park Rangers in the 1977/8 season.

Ron Manager, a character in BBC comedy sketch show The Fast Show is based on Stock, told by George Best in his autobiography. This was also confirmed by comedy actor Paul Whitehouse, who played Ron Manager, in the documentary, Suits You Sir – The Inside Leg of the Fast Show.

title: Alec Stock


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Template talk:cs-decl-noun-auto

Note on creation
There is no substring function for the moment on wikipedia so I have to ask the last letters of the word as parameters.

This function need to be dramatically improved, notably we need a good algorithm to find the declensions with only the end of the word.

The best code I've seen until now is from Pavel Sedlak in JavaScript on pteryx.net.

--16:51, 12 October 2007 <IP_ADDRESS>

masculine animate declension
The masculine animate declension do not work with nouns and proper nouns ending in "-am" like "Abraham", "Abrahám" and "Adam"; in "-is" like "Alois" or in "-ej" like "Andrej".

--DelvecchioSimone12 5 96 (talk) 13:33, 28 December 2018 (UTC)

title: Template talk:cs-decl-noun-auto