text:
Union Mills, North Carolina

Union Mills is an unincorporated community in Rutherford County, North Carolina, United States. The community is located along Hudlow Road, east of U.S. Route 221 and 8.2 mi north of Rutherfordton. Union Mills has a post office with ZIP code 28167.

title: Union Mills, North Carolina


text:
Sacrifice (Battlestar Galactica)

"Sacrifice" is the sixteenth episode of the second season of the reimagined Battlestar Galactica television series. It aired originally on the Sci Fi Channel on February 10, 2006.

In the episode, Dee spurns Billy Keikeya and goes on a date with Lee "Apollo" Adama at a bar. An armed group takes control of the bar, demanding the captive Cylon Sharon in return for the lives of their hostages. Lee is badly wounded when Starbuck attempts a rescue. Billy is shot and killed saving Dee just before a team of Marines raids the bar and rescues the remaining hostages.

The episode focuses on Admiral William Adama's relationship with Sharon as he weighs the gunmen's demands. It also presents the gunmen's motives and raises questions about whether there is merit to their point of view.

According to executive producer Ronald D. Moore, Billy was killed to release actor Paul Campbell to do other projects. Campbell said in an interview that it was because he was unwilling to sign a five-year contract for the series. In early drafts of the episode, Colonel Saul Tigh clashed with Adama over his handling of the crisis, but in the final version episode the two of them and President Laura Roslin all agree that they cannot bow to the demands of a group they call terrorists.

Critical reaction to "Sacrifice" was lukewarm. Moore discussed his own disappointment with several aspects of the episode in his podcast commentary on the episode.

Plot
The press has learned that a Number Eight model Cylon is being held in Galactica's brig. Admiral Adama insists to President Laura Roslin that Sharon is a valuable source of intelligence. Billy, Roslin's chief of staff, urges Adama to tell the fleet about Sharon.

Billy proposes marriage to Dee, but Dee turns him down. Later he discovers Dee on a date with Lee in a bar on Cloud 9 and is heartbroken.

Gunmen led by Sesha Abinell take over the bar, demanding that the Admiral hand over Sharon. Learning that Abinell is seeking revenge for her husband's death in a Cylon attack, Adama refuses and orders Starbuck to plan a rescue with several marines. A ruse by Lee convinces the gunmen that the bar is losing oxygen, giving Starbuck an opening. Her attempt backfires, and she accidentally shoots Lee during the confusion. Dee and Billy attend the bleeding, unconscious Lee. Roslin argues to Admiral Adama and Colonel Tigh they cannot give in to terrorists. As Abinell threatens Ellen Tigh, who is among the hostages, Adama agrees to hand over Sharon, but not alive.

Adama sends over the corpse of Sharon "Boomer" Valerii, the Number Eight copy who shot him and died, to give Marines time to storm the bar. Abinell shoots Boomer's corpse but discovers the deception shortly after. She orders Dee killed. Against Dee's advice, Billy grabs a gun and shoots the would-be executioner dead. As he dies, the executioner also shoots and kills Billy. The Marines kill the remaining gunmen, including Abinell, and free the hostages.

Roslin mourns Billy, whom she described as "the closest thing I have to family left". Dee awaits Lee's recovery in Galactica's sickbay as Starbuck looks on.

Analysis
Moore says in his podcast commentary on "Sacrifice" that the episode "is all about Sharon in some measure, because even though she's off-camera for most of it, all the events are driven by her presence and what she's about." He notes that Sharon's motives and whether the humans can trust her are open questions. Moore says that Admiral Adama feels an emotional connection to Sharon despite her being a Cylon and despite having been nearly killed by another Number Eight copy. He contrasts this with Colonel Tigh, who is more skeptical. At several points in the episode, Tigh reminds Adama that Sharon is a machine, a "thing". Amanda Keith of the Los Angeles Newspaper Group writes that Adama's trust of Sharon places him apart from other characters in this episode and that Billy's life is the price of that trust.

Moore notes that Abinell has a fundamentally different perspective on the events of the series than the audience. The audience sees the fleet's leadership in action and understands why Adama and Roslin make the decisions they do. By contrast, Abinell's perspective is shaped by what she hears from the press and other characters. Moore said one aim of the episode was to raise the question of whether the audience could understand her point of view and should sympathize with her. He also notes that, in at least one respect, Abinell is right where Adama and Roslin are wrong: she believes correctly that the defense ministry of the Twelve Colonies was infiltrated by Cylons before the Destruction of the Twelve Colonies. Abinell is also correct that Sharon is not being as helpful as she could be, she refuses to turn informer against other Cylon agents in the fleet. Jacob Clifton of Television Without Pity argues that "all of her info is pretty much on target" and says her group and the Cylon sympathizer group Demand Peace "are right about everything". In his judgment she is wrong to take her grief out on the people in the bar, because everyone in the fleet has lost loved ones for no good reason. He also argues that Abinell's initial resistance to Adama's offer to bring Sharon dead and her violent reaction upon seeing the corpse prove that her motivations are personal rather than political. This accords with what he sees as one of the series's themes: that political questions and conflicts generally boil down to personal ones.

Clifton connects Starbuck's botched rescue in "Sacrifice" with her failures in the previous episode, "Scar". He sees them as part of a disintegration of the professional competence that helps Starbuck endure her broken personal life. He compares the process of stripping Starbuck of her protection to Eustace Scrubb losing his dragon skin in The Voyage of the Dawn Treader.

Production
Moore said that Billy was killed in "Sacrifice" because Campbell was being offered good roles on other television series, and the scheduling conflicts were interfering with filming. The writers found it implausible that Billy would simply quit as Roslin's chief of staff and could not think of any other good excuses for the character to be missing from the narrative for long stretches, so they decided to kill the character. Moore called Campbell's departure sad and said in his podcast commentary, "It's not something I thought we'd be doing when the season began." Campbell said in an interview that he was not surprised by the decision. He said that he was unwilling to sign a five-year contract, and the producers concluded he was not committed to the series.

Moore said the plot was influenced by the film Dog Day Afternoon. In the film, as in "Sacrifice", a "true believer" stands at the top of the hostage takers, who are ultimately unprepared for the arrival of the authorities.

Early drafts of the episode focused on a conflict between Admiral Adama and Colonel Tigh over the hostage situation. In these early versions, Tigh pressed Adama to give the hostage-takers what they asked for to protect Ellen. The confrontation was even supposed to turn violent. Eventually the writers decided that Tigh would not want to give in to the demands of people he considered terrorists, and the conflict was removed from the script. Moore notes that Adama and Roslin also have loved ones in the bar (Lee and Billy, respectively), but the emotional connection does not affect their decisions, either.

In a scene that was cut because of time and financial constraints, Starbuck's presence aboard Cloud 9 was explained by showing her about to have a liaison with a man she had just met. This was intended as a counterpoint to Lee pursuing a relationship with Dee rather than Starbuck and as further demonstration of Starbuck's self-destruction over her feelings about Sam Anders. Moore noted that showing this in "Sacrifice" would have contradicted the previous episode, "Scar", in which Starbuck finds a measure of peace over Anders.

Executive producer David Eick knew actress Dana Delany (Abinell) personally and convinced her to make a guest appearance in the series. He first approached her about it during the first season.

The bar scenes were filmed on a film set rather than in an existing location. The writers considered having the hostage situation occur aboard a shuttle. They moved it to a bar because they did not have a shuttle set available, and building the bar was less complicated and less expensive. The shots of the Marines preparing for the final assault were taken from the first-season episode "Bastille Day".

Reception
"Sacrifice" received a lukewarm response from critics. Rose Wojnar of The San Diego Union-Tribune gave the episode a B−, criticizing "overuse of Sesha’s flashback of her husband dying and the predictable shot of her falling dead on Sharon’s body". Clifton gave "Sacrifice" a B+, praising Delany's performance but criticizing the lack of context for Lee and Dee's relationship. Overall, he called it "the best episode in a while". Keith McDuffee of TV Squad was glad to see Lee back to form after several difficult episodes but questioned the plausibility of the terrorists falling for the Boomer-switching trick. Amanda Keith responded favorably to the episode in general but felt the writers "flubbed how they portrayed [Dee's] relationship with Lee". Simon Brew of Den of Geek wrote, "it was good telly, but the show has inevitably struggled to recapture the flat-out brilliance of the middle of the season."

Moore felt the episode fell short in several respects. He felt that the episode did not spend enough time with Abinell, getting the audience to understand how the loss of her husband radicalized her after the loss of the Colonies did not; he said Delany's strong performance made up for some of this. He hoped there would be more tension surrounding how Admiral Adama, Roslin, and Colonel Tigh each had a loved one in the bar. He also disliked how Starbuck's raid was filmed and thought that the script fell short by not explaining why the Marines don't storm the bar from the back through the passage where Lee tampers with the oxygen sensor. Moore emphasized that he believed the episode's shortcomings were his responsibility as showrunner and that his criticisms were directed at himself and not at anyone else. He praised the performances of actors Jamie Bamber (Lee), Paul Campbell (Billy), Kandyse McClure (Dee), Mary McDonnell (Roslin), and Katee Sackhoff (Starbuck). Overall, he called it "a decent episode, not my favorite but I don't think a disaster."

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Sacrifice (Battlestar Galactica)


text:
Cole Escola

Cole Escola (born November 25, 1986) is an American comedian, actor, and singer. They are best known for their cabaret work and appearances on the television series Jeffery & Cole Casserole (2009–2010), Difficult People (2015–2017), At Home with Amy Sedaris (2017–2020), Search Party (2020–2021), and Big Mouth (2022).

Early life
Escola was born and raised in Clatskanie, Oregon. They are of Finnish and Norwegian descent. When they were six, their father chased the entire family out of their mobile home with a gun,  after which Escola, their mother, and their brother subsequently lived in government housing. Their sister was not living with them at this time. Escola participated in community theater and starred in high school productions of Fiddler on the Roof, Les Misérables, and Little Shop of Horrors. After graduating from R. A. Long High School in 2005, Escola moved to New York City to study humanities at Marymount Manhattan College, dropping out after one year. They subsequently performed at children's birthday parties and worked at the Scholastic bookstore.

Stage
From 2008 to 2012, Escola was a regular guest performer in the Our Hit Parade cabaret series, and later began performing monthly solo shows at the Duplex Cabaret Theatre. They appeared in Scott Wittman's 2012 cabaret show Jukebox Jackie at La MaMa and played an unborn fetus in Bridget Everett's 2014 cabaret show Rock Bottom at Joe's Pub. On June 14, 2017, Escola's hourlong solo show ''Help! I'm Stuck'' premiered at Joe's Pub, where it has since played numerous sold-out engagements.

In 2013, Escola played Roland Maule in the Two River Theater revival of Noël Coward's Present Laughter.

In 2024, Escola wrote and starred in their play Oh, Mary! at the Lucille Lortel Theatre, in which they played First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. It was directed by Sam Pinkleton and also starred Conrad Ricamora and James Scully. The show transferred to Broadway in July 2024, marking Escola's Broadway debut as an actor and playwright. At the 2024 Outer Critics Circle Awards, Escola was awarded the John Gassner Award for Oh, Mary!.

Television
In 2008, Escola met fellow comedian Jeffery Self in New York; bonding over a shared love of theater and 1990s sitcoms, they began creating surreal, semi-scripted YouTube videos under the moniker "Very Good Looking (VGL) Gay Boys." The sketches, in which Escola often played the demented comic foil to Self's straight man, received over 100,000 views, prompting coverage in New York magazine and a development deal from Logo TV. Jeffery & Cole Casserole premiered on Logo on June 19, 2009; it ran for two seasons and has been deemed as a "cult classic" by Vice magazine. Escola and Self also wrote the screenplay for an as-yet-unproduced comedy in which two friends "have to go through a lot to redeem their free sandwich."

From 2015 to 2017, Escola played Matthew on the Hulu television series Difficult People, a role that series creator Julie Klausner wrote with them in mind. They have appeared in recurring roles on Mozart in the Jungle, Girlboss, and At Home with Amy Sedaris, in which they play Sedaris' neighbor, Chassie Tucker. In 2020, Escola appeared as Chip (The Twink) on the HBO Max original Search Party. Chip became a season regular in season 4. Escola voiced The Secret Keeper on the Cartoon Network animated series Craig of the Creek in the episode "Secret in a Bottle". In 2021, Escola voiced a gargoyle in an episode of What We Do in the Shadows.

Personal life
In 2022, Escola came out as non-binary. Escola owns dozens of wigs, which they store under their bed in 7-Eleven doughnut boxes. Their wigs often shape and inform their recurring stage characters, which include Broadway performer Bernadette Peters, suicidal homemaker Joyce Conner, scheming furniture heiress Jennifer Convertibles, and The Goblin Commuter of Hoboken.

title: Cole Escola


text:
Philip Johnson-Laird

Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird, FRS, FBA (born 12 October 1936) is a philosopher of language and reasoning and a developer of the mental model theory of reasoning. He was a professor at Princeton University's Department of Psychology, as well as the author of several notable books on human cognition and the psychology of reasoning.

Biography
He was educated at Culford School and University College London where he won the Rosa Morison Medal in 1964 and a James Sully Scholarship between 1964 and 1966. He achieved a BA there in 1964 and a PhD in 1967. He was elected to a Fellowship in 1994.

His entry in Who's Who (2007 edition) records the following career history:

 * Ten years of miscellaneous jobs, as surveyor, musician, hospital porter (alternative to National Service), librarian, before going to university.
 * Assistant Lecturer, then Lecturer, in Psychology, UCL, 1966–73
 * Visiting Member, Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, 1971–72
 * Reader, 1973, Professor, 1978, in Experimental Psychology, University of Sussex
 * Visiting Fellow, Stanford University, 1980
 * Assistant Director, MRC Applied Psychology Unit, University of Cambridge, 1983–89
 * Fellow, Darwin College, Cambridge, 1984–89
 * Visiting Professorships: Stanford University, 1985; Princeton Univ., 1986.

He joined the department of psychology at Princeton University in 1989, where he became the Stuart Professor of Psychology in 1994. He retired in 2012.

Johnson-Laird is a member of the American Philosophical Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society, a Fellow of the British Academy, a William James Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, and a Fellow of the Cognitive Science Society. He has been awarded honorary doctorates from: Göteborg, 1983; Padua, 1997; Madrid, 2000; Dublin, 2000; Ghent, 2002; Palermo, 2005. He won the Spearman Medal in 1974, the British Psychological Society President's Award in 1985, and the International Prize from Fyssen Foundation in 2002.

Along with several other scholars, Johnson-Laird delivered the 2001 Gifford Lectures in Natural Theology at the University of Glasgow, published as The Nature and Limits of Human Understanding (ed. Anthony Sanford, T & T Clark, 2003). He has been a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences since 2007.

title: Philip Johnson-Laird


text:
Energy class

Energy class – also called energy class K or K-class , and denoted by K (from the Russian класс) – is a measure of the force or magnitude of local and regional earthquakes used in countries of the former Soviet Union, and Cuba and Mongolia. K is nominally the logarithm of seismic energy (in Joules) radiated by an earthquake, as expressed in the formula K = log ES. Values of K in the range of 12 to 15 correspond approximately to the range of 4.5 to 6 in other magnitude scales; a magnitude 6.0 quake will register between 13 and 14.5 on various K-class scales. The energy class system was developed by seismologists of the Soviet Tadzhikskaya Complex [Interdisciplinary] Seismological Expedition established in the remote Garm (Tajikistan) region of Central Asia in 1954 after several devastating earthquakes in that area.

The Garm region is one of the most seismically active regions of the former Soviet Union, with up to 5,000 earthquakes per year. The volume of processing needed, and the rudimentary state of seismological equipment and methods at that time, led the expedition workers to develop new equipment and methods. V. I. Bune is credited with developing a scale based on an earthquake's seismic energy, although S. L. Solov'ev seems to have made major contributions. (In contrast to the "Richter" and other magnitude scales developed by Western seismologists, which estimate the magnitude from the amplitude of some portion of the seismic waves generated, an indirect measure of seismic energy.)

However, proper estimation of ES requires more sophisticated tools than were available at the time, and Bune's method was unworkable. A more practical revision was presented by T. G. Rautian in 1958 and 1960; by 1961 K-class was being used across the USSR. A key change was to estimate ES on the basis of peak amplitude of the seismic waves – particularly, the sum of maximum P-wave and maximum S-wave – within the first three seconds. As a result, K-class became a kind of local magnitude scale, similarly limited to local and regional earthquakes of about M 6.5 (K 15) or less, above which point it saturates (underestimates the magnitude).

Rautian also developed a nomogram to simplify some of the calculations, and used a number of simplifying assumptions appropriate for the Garm region. That version is sometimes labelled KR to distinguish it from other versions – KF, KS, KFS, KC, etc. – that have been adapted for the Sakhalin, Kurile, and Kamchatka regions in the Far East.

There are various formulas to convert K-class to other magnitude scales; these are usually specific to the regional network. M(K) (or some variant) is sometimes used to identify magnitudes that have been calculated from a K value.

title: Energy class


text:
Hasim nagar

Hasim Nagar is a small village in Odisha, India. It belongs to the Jagatsinghpur district. The 2011 Census of India states that there are one hundred eighty four people live in the village, with a literacy rate of 90.64%, which is well above the Odisha state average of 72.87%.

title: Hasim nagar


text:
1919 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)

1919 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 13th water polo championship in Hungary. There were four teams who played one round match for the title.

Final list
 * M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G−: Goals got P: Point


text:
dephasing

Noun

 * 1)  A loss of the synchronization or coherence caused by a perturbation, upon which the system returns to its state before perturbation.

title: dephasing


text:
MediaWiki:Doubleredirectstext

Attention: This list may contain false positives. That usually means there is additional text with links below the first #REDIRECT.

Each row contains links to the first and second redirect, as well as the first line of the second redirect text, usually giving the "real" target page, which the first redirect should point to.

title: MediaWiki:Doubleredirectstext


text:
Bodil Award for Best Documentary

The Bodil Award for Best Documentary is one of the categories for the Bodil Awards presented annually by the Danish Film Critics Association. It was created in 1948 but has only been presented annually since 2007.

1940s and 1950s

 * 1948: Papir og pap er penge værd directed by Ole Palsbo
 * 1956: Hvor bjergene sejler directed by Bjarne Henning-Jensen
 * 1957: Ellehammer (film) directed by Jørgen Roos

1960s

 * 1961: Enden på legen directed by Theodor Christensen
 * 1964: En ny virkelighed directed by Børge Høst
 * 1965: Michel Simon (film) and PH lys directed by Ole Roos
 * 1966: Knud (film) directed by Jørgen Roos
 * 1968: Kongens Enghave (film) directed by Claus Ørsted
 * 1969: Eftermiddagsgæsten directed by Peter Refn

1970s

 * 1970: Livet er en cirkus directed by Per Holst
 * 1972: Livet i Danmark directed by Jørgen Leth
 * 1976: Dejlig er den himmel blå directed by Solvognen
 * 1978: Jenny (1977 film) directed by Jon Bang Carlsen

1980s

 * 1981: Tomas et barn du ikke kan nå directed by Lone Hertz
 * 1982: Historien om Kim Skov directed by Hans-Henrik Jørgensen
 * 1984: Fugl Fønix directed by Jon Bang Carlsen
 * 1986: Den erindrende directed by Jytte Rex

1990s

 * 1996: Carl Th. Dreyer: My Metier directed by Torben Skjødt Jensen

2000s

 * 2005: Tintin and I directed by Anders Østergaard
 * 2007: Gasolin' directed by Anders Østergaard
 * 2008: The Monastery: Mr. Vig and the Nun directed by Pernille Rose Grønkjær
 * 2009: Burma VJ directed by Anders Østergaard

2010s

 * 2010: Blekingegade Gang (film) directed by Anders Riis-Hansen
 * 2011: Armadillo directed by Janus Metz
 * 2012: Testamentet directed by Christian Sønderby Jepsen
 * 2013: Putin's Kiss directed by Lise Birk Pedersen
 * 2014: Ai Weiwei: The Fake Case directed by Andreas Johnsen
 * 2015: The Look of Silence directed by Joshua Oppenheimer
 * 2016: The Man Who Saved the World directed by Peter Anthony
 * 2017: The War Show directed by Obaidah Zytoon and Andreas Dalsgaard
 * 2018: Last Men in Aleppo directed by Feras Fayyad
 * 72nd Bodil Awards: Olegs Krig – en barndom i krigens skygge directed by Simon Lereng Wilmont
 * Bobbi Jene directed by Elvira Lind
 * Fanget i de fries land directed by Camilla Magid
 * Hjertelandet directed by Janus Metz & Sine Plambech
 * Skjold & Isabel directed by Emil Næsby Hansen

2020s

 * 73rd Bodil Awards: Q's Barbershop directed by Emil Langballe
 * Et ægte par directed by Emil Langballe
 * Forglem mig ej directed by Sun Hee Engelstoft
 * Håbets ø directed by Sidse Torstholm Larsen and Sturla Pilskog
 * Western Arabs directed by Omar Shargawi
 * 2021: En splittet familie directed by Mira Jargil
 * The Cave directed by Feras Fayyad
 * I Love You I Miss You I Hope I See You Before I Die directed by Eva Marie Rødbro
 * Rejsen til Utopia directed by Erlend E. Mo
 * Undertrykkelsens sang directed by Estephan Wagner and Marianne Hougen-Moraga

title: Bodil Award for Best Documentary


text:
User:Wintermute~enwikibooks/drafts

Wintermute 19:11, 12 Aug 2003 (UTC) draft: -

Grammar. Gender of nouns in Spanish.

In Spanish all the nouns are masculine or feminine.

For nouns that express entities with gender (people, animals..) there is both a feminine form and a masculine form (example: profesor (m), profesora (f))

The nouns that express entities without gender (objects, abstract concepts) have only one form. This form can be masculine or feminine.

Normally, the feminine words finalize with the letter 'a' and the masculine words end with the letter 'o'.

Examples:

Masculine words: caballo        horse perro          dog libro          book amor           love

Femenine words: paloma         dove hierba         grass casa           house libertad       freedom

- Grammar. The definite article:

As you know, in Spanish, the nouns can be feminine or masculine.

In English the definite article is always “the”.

In Spanish, the definite article is different - depending on the noun being feminine, masculine, singular or plural.

-

Grammar. The indefinite article:

In English de indefinite articles are "a" and "an" (singular) or "some" (plural).

In Spanish there are different forms for feminine, masculine, singular or plural.

Hi Wintermute, this looks really nice! Great work! I have restructured Lesson 2 a little bit so that you can put your grammar section right in the beginning (the gender of nouns should definitely go before doing 'matching adjectives' - my fault, I didn't think of that before...) Thomas P.S. your English is very good, I just made some minor changes.

Pronombres personales. (Personal pronouns.)

Ejercicio 1. Rellena los espacios en blanco con los pronombres personales correctos en Español. Exercise 1. Fill the blank spaces with the correct Spanish personal pronous.

Ejercicio 2. Rellena los espacios en blanco con los pronombres personales correctos en español. Exercise 2. Fill the blank spaces with the correct Spanish personal pronouns.

This looks great. I have put in a link to Spanish Exercises Personal Pronouns in Lesson 1. You can just go and fill the link with your exercises as content! -- Thomas

Llena los espacios en blanco con la forma verbal correcta del verbo "ser". Fill the blank spaces with the correct form of the ver "ser" (to be).

Llena los espacios en blanco con la forma verbal correcta del verbo "estar". Fill the blank spaces with the correct form of the ver "estar" (to be).

Llena los espacios en blanco con la forma verbal correcta del verbo "ser" o "estar". Fill the blank spaces with the correct form of the ver "ser" or "estar" (to be).

title: User:Wintermute~enwikibooks/drafts


text:
Template:2018 AL Central standings/doc

Usage
This is a template that was created to easily update every article with the 2018 MLB American League Central standings. To use the update on any article, insert:

To highlight the Cleveland Indians, insert:

To use a different team, just replace the name of the team in the highlight parameter.

Here is the listing of all MLB division and league standing templates for the 2018 Major League Baseball season.

 * Template:2018 AL Wild Card standings
 * Template:2018 AL East standings
 * Template:2018 AL Central standings
 * Template:2018 AL West standings
 * Template:2018 NL Wild Card standings
 * Template:2018 NL East standings
 * Template:2018 NL Central standings
 * Template:2018 NL West standings

title: Template:2018 AL Central standings/doc


text:
Wallie Babb

Walter Deville N. "Wallie" Babb (3 December 1940 – 1999) was a hurdler who represented Northern Rhodesia. He competed in the men's 110 metres hurdles at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

title: Wallie Babb


text:
Aura Airlines

Aura Airlines SL (previously Gowair Vacation Airlines) was a Spanish airline based at Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport.

History
Previously owned by tour operator Gowaii, it operated charter flights in Europe and offered ACMI leases to other airlines. The company received its first aircraft, an Airbus A320-200, in July 2017. It planned to start flights to the Caribbean using an Airbus A330 in 2018, however by 2020 the company had not begun operation of any aircraft.

Aura Airlines ceased operations on October 27, 2022.

Fleet

By January 2022, Aura Airlines operated the following aircraft:

title: Aura Airlines


text:
Talk:DFA records discography

Where's this from? This looks like a copy vio. Secretlondon 07:51, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:DFA records discography


text:
Poetry/Romantic poetry

Content summary
This course covers the reading of both British and American Romantic Poetry and will include essays on assigned writers or poems.

This page is still being updated, please be patient. Soon, I will add readings and links under poets names and possibly more poets. Feel free to suggest!

Questions?

Unit materials

 * Study guide:

Texts

 * Wikipedia article on Romanticism

Poets
British:
 * William Wordsworth
 * Samuel Taylor Coleridge
 * William Blake
 * George Gordon, Lord Byron
 * Percy Bysshe Shelley
 * John Keats

American:
 * Ralph Waldo Emerson
 * Edgar Allan Poe
 * Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
 * Walt Whitman

title: Poetry/Romantic poetry


text:
File:Ricky Martin Livin La Vida Loca.ogg

 * Sound sample from the song "Livin' la Vida Loca"
 * Song length: 24 seconds
 * Reduced quality: Yes
 * Source : Ricky Martin
 * Songwriter(s): Desmond Child, Draco Rosa
 * Performed by: Ricky Martin
 * Producer(s): Desmond Child, Draco Rosa
 * Copyright © 1999 Columbia
 * Model in music video: Nina Moric

Rationale of fair use for "Ricky Martin" sample
This is a sound sample from a commercial recording. Its inclusion here is claimed as fair use because:
 * It illustrates an educational article that specifically discusses the song from which this sample was taken. The section of music used is discussed in the article in relation to the song's lyrics, musical and vocal style, and may contain part of the song's chorus.
 * It is a sample of no more than 30 seconds from a much longer recording, and could not be used as a substitute for the original commercial recording or to recreate the original recording.
 * It is of a lower quality than the original recording.
 * It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted sample of comparable educational value.
 * It is believed that this sample will not affect the value of the original work or limit the copyright holder's rights or ability to distribute the original recording.
 * The audio sample is a copyrighted work. U.S. copyright laws apply to this work. Should a free or public domain sample be located, it should be used in place of this audio sample.


text:
Talk:David Gentleman

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 6 external links on David Gentleman. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100327195700/http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/architecture/where_study/interior/index.html to http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/architecture/where_study/interior/index.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100516142427/http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/opac/search/search.html to http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/opac/search/search.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150205162216/http://www.faslondon.com/fine_art_society/exhibitions_fairs/past/2012/david_gentleman.html to http://www.faslondon.com/fine_art_society/exhibitions_fairs/past/2012/david_gentleman.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050309205459/http://www.camdennewjournal.co.uk/f251104_01.htm to http://www.camdennewjournal.co.uk/f251104_01.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050609084946/http://www.gbstamps.com/gbcc/gbcc_gentleman_intvw.html to http://www.gbstamps.com/gbcc/gbcc_gentleman_intvw.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050411130627/http://www.gbstamps.com/gbcc/gbcc_gentleman_list.html to http://www.gbstamps.com/gbcc/gbcc_gentleman_list.html

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A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
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 * Charing Cross is named after the demolished Eleanor cross that stood there, in what was once the hamlet of Charing. - panoramio.jpg

title: Talk:David Gentleman


text:
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title: Help:Navigating


text:
Bojnu-ye Olya

Bojnu-ye Olya (, also Romanized as Bojnū-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Bojnū) is a village in Binalud Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 456, in 108 families.

title: Bojnu-ye Olya


text:
assomigliare

Etymology
From, a verb based on. ..

Verb

 * 1)  to compare
 * 2)  to resemble or look like

title: assomigliare


text:
hygrophilous

Adjective

 * 1)  adapted for growth in a damp or wet environment.

Translations

 * Greek:
 * Irish: taisiarrthach
 * Italian:

title: hygrophilous


text:
Talk:Dave Gassner

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080705134308/http://thebaseballcube.com/players/G/Dave-Gassner.shtml to http://www.thebaseballcube.com/players/G/Dave-Gassner.shtml

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title: Talk:Dave Gassner


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Charlemagne class battleship

Charlemagne class battleship

 * ... that all three predreadnought battleships of the French Charlemagne class participated in the Gallipoli Campaign in 1915?
 * Reviewed: Vue de toits (Effet de neige)

Created/expanded by Sturmvogel 66 (talk). Self nom at 14:41, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Meets all requirements, heck it's already a GA! Hook is of sufficient interest and image is good. Miyagawa   (talk)  20:46, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ


text:
Talk:Heckler & Koch UMP

Reference/citation?
On a tactical team such as the Los Angeles Police Department's D-Platoon, it is not uncommon to have the majority of officers carrying MP5s and one or two carrying a UMP.

I would like to see the reference/citation that shows or states that LAPD SWAT (Metro D-Platoon) indeed issue the H&K UMP as I'm sure it would ne news to them that they do (outside of kiddies videogame land)...

Price
Can the article include the price. For example, I'm sure this gun (with some paperwork) is available to the public in the US. What is it in dollars?--<IP_ADDRESS> 03:58, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

 * They are not available to the public in the US, because it was designed after 1986 when the last civilian-legal machineguns were manufactured in the US. Dealers who sell to law enforcement can buy samples, and police and military agencies can buy them.  The law enforcement price was recommended as $900 .  Georgewilliamherbert 04:40, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

Users
Could someone get me a listof current military and police users of the UMP? QZXA2 17:37, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Mexico does in fact use the UMP among the naval infantry and marines and some of the sources, most of which are countless pictures floating in the internet, unfortunately do not meet with Wikipedia's No Original Research restriction WP:NOR. But fortunately there is a way to meet wikipedia's standards without resorting to original research. If you will refer to Wiki's guidelines on WP:Verifiability under Reliable sources it states: "In general, the most reliable sources are peer-reviewed journals and books published in university presses; university-level textbooks; magazines, journals, and books published by respected publishing houses; and mainstream newspapers. Electronic media may also be used." It is inferred that newsgoups are acceptable and hence televised newscoverage of the material in question must also be acceptable. The hard evidence that Mexico does have the UMP is in this news segment from TV Azteca's news subsidiary called Hechos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDP_z8yuX0Y&feature=player_embedded So there you have it now: hard and undebiable evidence, that Mexico does use the UMP. I do not know if videos can serve as citations because Wikipedia's guidelines only mention textual sources. But under Fair Use (sections 107 through 118 of the Copyright Act (title 17, U. S. Code)) http://www2.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode17/usc_sec_17_00000107000-.html we can avoid any legal snags that might hinder this from being a valid source under Wikipedia's Verifiability guidelines specifying on copyright. Wether or not the video I provided can be a valid source it still stands regardless of Wikipedia's technicality issues as a valid source at least here in the discussion. It is from a reliable news source and it provides visual confirmation. Mexico must be included as one of the users within 24 hours or I will do it myself (I wont use the video as a source though because that issue is still unclear) if no one has anything to say against the matter. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 19:28, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Acceptable, but barely. If you find a solid source, please cite it. Doesn't Mexico publish any defence journals or anything. You being a native Spanish speaker should be able to find a proper source. Koalorka (talk) 19:48, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I dont know of any publications in Mexico that are dedicated to defence such as you have in the U.S.. The Mexican Defence Secretariat (SEDENA) are very secretive about their affairs and their weaponry. The only knowledge we have of their weapons inventory comes from military parades, newspapers, photos, and the rare release of information under the transparecy laws. That news report was a rare invitation into Mexican Military affairs. This is why I do not trust any of these websites that claim to know what the Mexican army has in their inventory especially when they don't provide sources. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 00:17, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Unacceptable. A google translation of a web site from the Mexican government.  An HK list of users.  A Journal article.  Something.  Videos and pictures are not verifiable.  I make a picture of Hitler using the UMP, that doesn't mean he used it.  --Nukes4Tots (talk) 19:58, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Pardon me but videos are not verifiable even when they come from a respected newsgoup? So if Fox, CNN, BBC, or Al Jazeera have footage of Mexican soldiers carrying G3s fitted with M203 grenade launchers that would not be a reliable source? The source I provided was a video NOT a photoshoped picture, and it was from a respectable newsgroup NOT an amateur videographer. Videos CAN be verifiable when they are by a reliable source and is relevant to the extent of the issue in question. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 00:17, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * You are pardoned. G3's and M203s are not suspect, the UMP is suspect.  I don't speak spanish and unless there is something written that can be easily translated, then it is not verifiable.  Period.  If the Mexican Military is as secretive as you say they are, then who is to say that their 'use' of the UMP wasn't also staged?  It's a vicious, unverifiable circle of logic here that would all be simple to solve: provide a reference, not a video and not a picture but something in words that says Mexico is using the UMP. --Nukes4Tots (talk) 00:39, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Now you are just plainly being senile. The evidence is there and it wasn't "staged." A staging is posible but it is highly improbable since Mexico is not known to have ever done such a thing; and doing so would be a pure waste of time, resources, and effort just to "appear" tough and pretty to the camera. The Mexican Armed Forces are not kids trying to impress others on the internet by bluffing. I said that they are secretive in their affairs, meaning they don't give out much information to the public, not that they lie to the media and claim to use weapons that they don't actually have. If you want to claim that it was staged then find the evidence to discredit the source. You may not know spanish but I do and you can ask anyone who knows it well enough to translate it for you. At the end of the news segment you can clearly hear the reporter give his name and the network for which he is reporting: "Ruben Mendoza, Fuerza Informativa Azteca." Fuerza Informativa Azteca is the news subsidiary for TV Azteca which is now called hechos. You can verify their website at: http://www.hechos.tv/ and notice the acronym FIA (Fuerza Informativa Azteca) on the upper lefthand corner. You say you want something in words, well, textual sources are obscenely easy to fake as you can see from these bogus sites I have removed from the Mexican Army article: http://www.armyrecognition.com/mexico_army_military_equipment/mexico_mexican_army_land_ground_forces_military_equipment_armoured_vehicle_pictures_information_desc.html http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/1387214 http://worldinventory.googlepages.com/wiw_sa_mexico Ocelotl10293 (talk) 19:54, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

(unindent) Please read WP:NPA. Your information is more of the same. Find soemthing written because I cannot verify that the television show is genuine or maybe it's a TV drama for all I know. Beyond that, it doesn't say that the people in the show use the weapons described. I've got pictures of me holding an Austeyr, that doesn't mean that I am a user. --Nukes4Tots (talk) 20:31, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Well this is Wikipedia and not a blog. We are not here to impress you or figure out the workings of your metality in order to work our way into convince you. This is a community and no one individual can restrain information because of his own personal un-objective feelings. Australia, France, Latvia, Romania, Slovakia, Thailand, and even the U.S. do not demonstrate sources in this article yet you don't appear to have any issues regarding those countries. If you were to be unbiased and objective in this discussion you would have also petitioned for the removal of those other users for lack of sources as you did with Mexico; but it appears to me that you have singled out this particular country for whatever personal reasons. I have provided a reasonable source here in the discussion but it is not good enough to be cited in the article due to Wikipedia's technical specifications. Nonetheless, the truth of the matter has bee clarified so there is no more reasonable doubt regarding Mexico being a user of the UMP. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 20:44, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I wont add Mexico untill I, or someone else, get evidence that can be cited directly in the article. However, the other users must also be provided with the adequate sources or else they must be removed for the same reason Mexico is not included as a user. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 20:57, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * So, you can't find anything in print anywhere so you first resort to personal attacks and then turn to making threats to sabatoge the article. And where in the Wikipedia guidelines does it say to do these things?  ONCE AGAIN, find something in print that is reliable, quit making personal attacks, and quit making threats. --Nukes4Tots (talk) 21:33, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I confused the word senile with cynic, so my bad... I was trying to call attention to your behaviour as that of a cynic: meaning your exagerated skepticism. I already told you the folly of relying purely on written material without visual confirmation. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 22:20, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Your condescension is not welcome either. Maybe I will type in the vernacular you expect of me. "Just cuz you done told me don't mean you ain't wrong". --Nukes4Tots (talk) 01:57, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Koalorka, you yourself have even stated that Mexican law enforcement uses the Heckler & Koch UMP on the this page:. Now you have the audacity to say that Mexico dosent't use it? After you were trying to use it as evidence to discredit the FX-05 as a cheap G-36 clone?! Wikipedia is a place for learning and information not a place for you to parade around your prejudice and arrogance. Why is it that you keep trying to discredit the Mexican military specificaly. I mean, i know you do, i've checked out your edit history. I've reviewed your edits and comments and many times they are just needless put-downs directed toward those you disagree with. Such as when you lied to user Stanislao Avogadro by telling him that his removing of your opinion had somehow ruined the articles formmating. That was an outright lie! I looked at his edit of the page and there was nothing wrong with the formatting! Then you go out and make outright racist comments such as calling a user a "Mexican bandit"!This is just downright innapropriate and childish! And it now seems that your going out of your way to say that Mexico does not use the UMP even though you know they do. I mean come on T.V. Azteca is one of the worlds largest television networks and they don't have any reason to ruin their legitimacy just so they can lie and say that Mexican marines use the UMP. Now you are actualy saying that the Mexican armed forces are lying about what equipment they use! I'm sorry but you don't even try to hide the fact that you just don't like the Mexicans for whatever reason. I speak spanish and i can confirm that he was talking about the Heckler & Koch UMP. I have also personaly seen Mexican marines with Heckler & Koch UMPs while on holiday in Rosarito during December of 2008 while they were deployed in Tijuana. Rahlgd (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 08:25, 1 June 2009 (UTC).

 * I think you may have me confused for someone else. My only input in this particular thread has been to accept the UMP into the list based on the provided evidence, but a solid verification source should still be sought. As for the rest, tl;dr, but it seems like a typical butthurt rant. Write a letter to the UN Human Rights Commission or something. Crying racism in a gun thread is pathetic. Get real or piss off. Koalorka (talk) 12:38, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Listen you arrogant piece of trash you've been constantly making personal attacks and you are lying in saying "My only input in this particular thread has been to accept the UMP into the list based on the provided evidence, but a solid verification source should still be sought." you in fact have deleted Mexico as a user and "Crying racism in a gun thread" is not pathetic because you have made racist comments.So you need to piss off you miserable troll. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:21, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Nice, not only are you using sock accounts to continue disruptive editing, but you've resorted to primitive personal attacks. Fantastic. You've lost any remianing credibility. And I encourage you to write a formal complaint to the ACLU or NAMBLA or MUFON or any other bogus organization with you allegation, because the word has absolutely no meaning any more, being thrown around arbitrarily by overly sensitive spastics like yourself. Koalorka (talk) 19:28, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * OK, I think we all need to chill out and relax. I don't know, nor care, if anyone in here is a racist or not, I like ketchup with my eggs and that doesn't matter. This slinging of feces against eachother is quite funny in my point of view yet others see it as offensive but it's still irrelevant to an objective topic. Nukes4Tots you need to not be so hard-headed and aknowledge that the source I provided is sound and it does in fact confirm the truth of the matter that Mexico is a user of the UMP. As for the rest of you who keep citing the YouTube link along with the photos those are still not valid citations because the photographs, although they are real they do not provide a publisher nor a credible/verifiable source for others to verify. The photgraphs constitute as inside knowledge because we cannot prove they are legitimate. People have the reasonable cause to suspect that they may be fake or forged or something because they lack a verifiable source. Also, the photographs are prohibited from being used as appropriate citations under Wiki's WP:NOR. The YouTube video is a sketchy matter because of Wikipedia's rules concerning electronic media and copyright. Although the video is legitimate I do not know for certain if a link to a YouTube video of a reputable newgroup segment concerning the topic would constitute as a valid source. The problem is that it's a YouTube source, if we only had a direct link from TV Azteca itself we would have a legitimate and undeniable source. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 21:13, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * The other user nations are not provided with any source or citations. The fact that Mexico was singled out does constitute a prejudice and discrimination. It is hypocritical to delete Mexico as a user by using rules that do not apply to the others. This is grossly unscholarly. Mexico must be added in the list of users because we have confirmed here that they do in fact use the UMP. The other countries do not have sources nor citations so Mexico won't have one either untill we can find a citable source. If Mexico gets removed under the pretext that it lacks proof/citation then the other users must be removed as well. Don't just single out one country because you don't like it. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 21:29, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Look, there's a reason Mexico tends to get removed from lists of users when it doesn't have a citation. There are people, maybe just one, maybe several, who will go through lists of firearms, and just add Mexico to every one of them, I think there were even cases of prototypes and one of a kind firearms having Mexico listed as a user. The same goes for the Philippines. Hence the terms "Mexican Bandit" and "Filipino Bandit". It kind of makes all references to the arms those countries use questionable (with some exceptions like the FX-05), because it's hard to tell which ones are real, and which ones are added by the so-called bandits.--LWF (talk) 21:35, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Yes I recall such cases, some clowns like to go arround and vandalize the Mexican Armed Forces articles attributing to it everything imaginable. This has hurt the credibility and the reputation of the articles and of Mexicans in general because people will tend to generalize all of us as being in the same boat. This is the reson I came to Wikipedia; to put a top to all the nonesence and keep the Mexican articles respectable and objective as well as to keep the clowns at bay. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 21:40, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Ocelot, I resent your using terms such as "racist", "senile", and "hard-headed" when you are describing me and other editors. Then you say that this has something to do with "Mexicans".  This has nothing to do with people from Mexico any more than the previous issues had anything to do with the Phillipines.  Poisoning the pot with racism, age-discrimination, and name-calling is not going to strengthen your point.  I concede that it's POSSIBLE that Mexico uses the UMP but until I see something that passes the "reliable sources" test, I will not allow any additions of the Phillipines or Mexico.  This burden of proof was not established by me, it was consensus and a desire for encyclopedic fact over whatever non-encyclopedic motives these various contributors had.  Yes, it sucks to have to prove everything, but stop blaming the cop for the laws. I'm trying to enforce some generalized standards here.  I'm not trying to be a dick or anything.  It's really unfair of you to level attack after attack because of your frustration with not being able to find a reference.  If they use it, prove it. --Nukes4Tots (talk) 03:25, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Nukes4Tots you would feel no offence if you actually read my words thoroughly and in context. I corrected my statement when I called you senile. Now as to the issue here why don't you feel the need to remove the other users who are also lacking reliable sources? Are we not following scholarly rigor here with encyclopedic motives? Ocelotl10293 (talk) 04:03, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Photographic evidence for the benefit of the discussion that Mexico does use the UMP:    Ocelotl10293 (talk) 04:37, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * How do I know those aren't Columbians in your photographs? Your wasting your time. Find a press release from the Ministry of Interior or something. Anything. Photos and discussion forums just don't count. Especially in the case of Mexico, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Phillipines. Koalorka (talk) 04:57, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * You know they are not colombians because of their uniform and insignia. If you are not familiar with their uniforms then I understand your doubt. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:34, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * All I needed was a reference! Game over.  Conversation done. Thanks for playing.  Please exit the discussion in an orderly manner.  --Nukes4Tots (talk) 08:52, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Nukes4TotsSo you don't stop at cynicism but also bigotry is the name of your game. Then you have the nerve to whine when I call you by a just and applicable name. It would help your reputation if you weren't so insolent. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:34, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

How is he being bigoted? He's the one that the reliable reference for this. Unlike unverified photographs, and copyright violating Youtube videos. Just look at it, there was no bigotry involved, only a care for a little authenticity.--LWF (talk) 21:01, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Well like I said before (more than once) he seems to hone in on Mexico specifically and focuses all his effort exclusively on this one country while completely ignoring the others. If there is to be a rule on authenticity then shouldn't this rule be universally applied to all? Why do the other user nations get the benefit of the doubt while Mexico gets shunned? They say it was because some jokesters in the past would attribute all sorts of weaposn to the Mexican Armed Forces. So should we penalize Mexico as a user because of what a few clowning pranksters have done? That is not only unfair it is unscholarly. He has singled out Mexico for whatever may be his personal reason and he refuses to aknowledge that he has done so. Not to mention he doesn't bother to read my posts in depth or even in context as he seems to accuse me of things that either others have said to him (like the racism claim) or that he misread in my posts (the validity of the photographs). The dictionary defines bigotry as: "the stubborn and complete intolerance of any creed, belief, or opinion that differs from one's own." I said before that he is stubborn in believing the evidence that I presented here yet he sees no problem with other nations being credited as users without citations. This course of action constitutes bigotry for it is now a matter of belief rather than evidence because the evidence is there, it's just that it's not valid as a cited source to be used in the article. I never said the photographs are valid, in fact, I said they CAN NOT be used as citations in the article due to the Wikipedia's rules. To understand the situation better you would have to scroll up and read what we both have written. You be the judge. Ocelotl10293 (talk) 23:14, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * From Verifiability: "Editors should provide a reliable source for quotations and for any material that is challenged or likely to be challenged, or the material may be removed." As a result of the pranksters, it is quite likely that claims of Mexico using any given arm will be challenged based on past experience. Simple as that. Besides, the debate is over, a reliable source was found to verify that Mexico uses the UMP, that;s all that really mattered.--LWF (talk) 23:34, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Thanks, LWF. Better said than I could have said it. Mexico and the Philippines are the focus of scrutiny and skepticism because of EDITORS who feel the need to drop those countries onto the page of virtually EVERY firearm every made.  Frankly, I'm offended as a person of an ethnic minority background that you would CHEAPEN the word racism by throwing it flippanty around with regards to legitemate article improvement efforts.  I was never for or against inclusion of Mexico on racist or ethnic grounds. I found a reference that backed up the content and placed it here... something the other editors failed to do.  It took me two minutes of searching. There are resources out there, that you haven't found one does not mean you can use Youtube Videos and pictures. --Nukes4Tots (talk) 01:34, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

USC merged into UMP
The USC is a semi variant with a longer barrel and some tacky furniture. Koalorka (talk) 17:37, 7 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Not a bad idea for a merge. Let's let the tags sit for a few more days so people can think about it, but it makes sense to me.  Georgewilliamherbert (talk) 20:54, 7 January 2008 (UTC)

Picture
a REAL picture of a UMP should be used, not a computer generated version. —Preceding unsigned comment added by ThaWhistle (talk • contribs) 23:19, 21 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes but we do not have a free photo of a UMP so i computer one will have to do. Bones Brigade  23:24, 21 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Picture problem fixed. Knew I had some I'd taken a few years ago. --Asams10 (talk) 23:36, 21 February 2008 (UTC)

Action
The article states that the action is blowback, but the official website states that the action is recoil. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:11, 21 August 2008 (UTC)

 * It's a simple straight blowback action. The barrel is fixed. Koalorka (talk) 12:47, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

In use with South Korean SWAT
The UMP is also used by South Korean SWAT. I saw them carrying them at the G-20 Finance Ministers meeting in Busan earlier this month, however I cannot locate a source that meets Wikipedia verification requirements, but here is a photo of it in use: http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?77723-Units-Using-HK-UMP45-9-40 Mztourist (talk) 07:40, 18 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Does this meet WP:RS? http://img474.imageshack.us/img474/827/southkorea1273qs.jpg Mztourist (talk) 04:42, 3 December 2013 (UTC)

HKPRO
I have deleted citations to HKPRO.com. It is not a reliable source for Wikipedia articles because its articles are anonymously posted and there's no discernible editorial review process. See WP:V for general rules, and Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Firearms for a specific discussion of this source. Rezin (talk) 00:26, 31 December 2014 (UTC)

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no history section
Came to learn a little about this interesting firearm, but seems there is no information about when this firearm was first in production, no idea what year H&K first started making this. I'll guess I'll try to find some WP:RS on the topic, or if anybody else has some idea where to point me. EliteArcher88 (talk) 03:32, 4 April 2021 (UTC)
 * HK USA says it was developed in the 1990s, and first produced in 2000. Loafiewa (talk) 03:41, 4 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Heckler & Koch UMP


text:
As-Sabiqun

The As-Sabiqun Liberation Movement, also known simply as As-Sabiqun (السَّابِقُونَ), is a small American fundamentalist Muslim organization under the leadership of founder Imam Abdul Alim Musa, based in Washington, D.C., and with branches in Philadelphia, Los Angeles, San Diego, Sacramento, and Oakland (led by Amir Abdul Malik Ali).

As-Sabiqun is identified as a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center. The group says its "paramount goal" is the "establishment of Islam as a complete way of life in America"; its leader Abdul Alim Musa has frequently promoted antisemitic conspiracy theories.

History
The organization was created by African-American Imam Abdul Alim Musa (born Clarence Reams), who converted to Islam while serving a federal prison sentence for drug trafficking. Musa established the Masjid Al-Islam mosque in southeast Washington, in 1995. The name As-Sabiqun means "the vanguard" in Arabic.

Activities
One of As-Sabiqun’s major ongoing projects is its support of Jamil Al-Amin, once known as H. Rap Brown. Al-Amin was a Minister of Justice for the Black Panther Party in the 1960s, currently serving a life sentence for the March 2000 murder of Georgia sheriff's deputy, Ricky Kinchen. As-Sabiqun believes that Al-Amin was falsely targeted and convicted.

The group also speaks on college campuses (notably UC Irvine) against Israel and Jewish Americans and in support of Hamas, Hezbollah, the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine, and Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (see below). Malik Ali expressed contempt for the two-state solution. Furthermore, Malik Ali supported the notion of "jihad on the UCI campus." In response, UCI Chancellor Michael V. Drake issued a statement condemning Malik Ali's "remarks supporting terrorism [as] deplorable."

Allegations of Antisemitism
The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) describes the Sabiqun as an "anti-Semitic Muslim group that advocates for the creation of a global Islamic state" and notes that their leaders have recently become popular speakers on college and university campuses and that they use that platform to promote hostility toward Israel and American Jews.

The ADL and Southern Poverty Law Center have characterized statements attributed to the leaders of the As-Sabiqun organization, and specifically Imams Amir Abdul Malik Ali and Abdul Alim Musa, as anti-Semitic. According to the ADL, Malik Ali has suggested numerous times that Jews control the media, government, and economy of the United States. He also expressed support for the conspiracy theory that Israel was responsible for the September 11 attacks.

On March 13, 2010, Malik Ali, as a guest of the Muslim Student Union at UC Irvine, gave a speech on the campus and made remarks advancing his belief that Jews were involved in the execution of the September 11 attacks, as well as indicating his support for the Hamas (a group listed on the U.S. State Department's as a terrorist organization), and for the destruction of the State of Israel. Many, including administrators at UCI, considered this an "endorsement of terrorism."

title: As-Sabiqun


text:
Talk:List of Coop & Cami Ask the World episodes

Jami Alix Spelling
We seem to have a constant back-and-forth about Jami Alix's name because Disney's press release misspelled her as "Jami Alex." In cases like this where a well known celebrity or social media influencer is misspelled in a press release, should we stick to the incorrect spelling simply because that's what the source says? If we don't want to contradict the source, a potential compromise could be to remove the guest star credit completely until the episode airs and we see how they spell it there. Pinging. — Starforce13  15:45, 2 March 2020 (UTC)
 * If it's an obvious typo, go ahead and fix it, with a hidden note explaining that until the episode airs. The user in question did not use a proper edit summary to explain that, and a lot times when users or IPs "fix" a name, it turns out to be vandalism. Amaury • 16:08, 2 March 2020 (UTC)
 * That is true. Thank you, for confirming. I will update it with a note.—  Starforce13  16:14, 2 March 2020 (UTC)


text:
User:Draicone/Sandbox for Introduction to PHP

PHP (recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") is a server-side scripting language designed for use in web based applications. As it is a server side scripting language, its use requires a web server installed, configured and enabled with PHP.

Introduction
This is a course designed to teach PHP by example (and eventually assignment) to anyone willing to learn. Bear in mind that this course is still a work in progress and is by no means comprehensive in its current state. In addition, it is fairly fast paced and it is suggested participants utilise various other learning resources to assist them in their learning.

If you feel that a certain section lacks detail, or there is a blatant error in a statement, change it! Alternatively, point it out on the talk page and an experienced user will take a look at it.

Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites for this course. However, it is strongly reccommended that participants have access to a php enabled webserver or install WAMP/LAMP on their system to practise.

Basic Syntax
When PHP parses a file (web servers are generally configured to have php parse files with the .php extension), it looks for an opening tag and a closing tag and then interprets the code between the two:

 This is not being parsed.

PHP will output everything that is not contained within an opening tag () and a closing tag (?> or ) exactly as it is written. All lines of code in PHP should end with a semicolon. This denotes to the PHP interpreter that a command has been passed and that it should anticipate the next (or the ?> tag / end of file). This is because different text editors handle new lines differently (the Notepad utility on Microsoft Windows is notorious for being terrible with UNIX end of line compatibility), and it allows coders to squeeze together small blocks of code on the same line. For example, the following is acceptable:

And will work just the same as the example below.

Variables
PHP scripts can contain variables, which are denoted with the $ at the start of their unique identifier (two variables with the same identifier are, essentially, the same variable). Unlike many low end languages, variables in PHP need not be declares and defined - when a variable is used, PHP automatically creates it and assigns it a null value if it does not already exist. Take a look at this example:

Notice the difference from the first example - in this, we assign the sentence This is being parsed. to the variable $message and then output it. This may seem like a pointless example, but rest assured, variables have a very important purpose in PHP.

Comments
PHP supports commenting code for ease of viewing by humans. There are two common ways of commenting ways: comment blocks and line commenting.

Comment blocks
Comment blocks work by denoting a range from one point to another within a script as a comment, which is then ignored entirely by the PHP interpreter. They can be inserted anywhere (although it is good practise to give them their own few lines in the script for readability's sake) and are denoted by two special characters: / and *. Take a look at this example:

Notice that the order of the / and * alternate. To designate an area in a script as a comment block, simply begin it with a /* and end with a */. Comments can, as mentioned above, be placed anywhere like so:

Notice that comment blocks are placed between the echo function and its parameters, within the function call for echo itself (ec/* ... */ho), within the string passed to the echo function and just before the end of line declaration (with the semicolon).

Line commenting
Line commenting is much like the comment block, except that it only affects a particular line from a given point onwards, cannot be ended until the next line and only uses the // operator. Examine the following example:

Anything after a // on a line is considered a comment, ignored entirely by the interpreter and meaningless to anything but a human examining the code. Remember that the use of echo 'This will NOT be parsed.'; above is totally immaterial; the word echo will not be treated as a function call. A // can also be added to the end of a line (must be after the semicolon if there is a function call on the same line) and anything after it will be commented, like so:

Functions and arguments
PHP is well known for its extensive library of inbuilt functions. A function in php is a set of code predefined to be called by a particular keyword, either built into PHP's numerous libraries, or defined by the person writing the script within the code. A function can be declared like so:

In the same script, the function can then be called like this:

This will output 'Stuff.' (without the quotation marks). Functions can have arguments which can be passed when the function is called:

In this example, the variable $extrastuff does not need to be sent to the function as an argument, however if it is, it will be output after 'Stuff.'. Multiple arguments are seperated by a comma, however do not need seperate sets of parenthesis (in fact, this will give you a compile error).


text:
Talk:Grandview, Illinois

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title: Talk:Grandview, Illinois


text:
Aliza Ayaz

Aliza Ayaz is an international climate activist, business and sustainability consultant and a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador. She jointly won the United Kingdom Youth Outstanding Commitment to Sustainability Award at University College London (UCL), and has spoken at United Nations, London International Model United Nations, and UK Parliamentary events. She is a member of the National Youth Council Pakistan. She is known for setting up the Climate Action Society at UCL which helped inspire UK-wide youth action against climate change, leading to the climate emergency declaration at the UK Parliament. In October 2020 she was appointed as the United Nations youth ambassador for Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG13), the second Pakistani student after Malala Yousafzai to have received this honour.

Early life and education
Ayaz was born in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, and has lived most of her life around the Middle East. Before moving to London, she studied at Karachi Grammar School and Dubai British School.

She studied at University College London for her bachelor's degree followed by an MSc in infectious disease epidemiology.

Career
While a student, Ayaz founded the Climate Action Society (CAS) at UCL in 2018. Ayaz heads a series of London-based conferences, workshops, campaigns and the annual "Sustainability Symposium" hosted at UCL to engage the UK wide youth in pushing for climate resilience.

Ayaz organised workshops to motivate positive changes in climate-related behaviours with a range of experts given her passion to tackle the climate change health impacts as an emerging cause of morbidity that became apparent during her undergraduate studies. With her team at Climate Action Society, she is known to have facilitated diversity and inclusion in the fight against climate change through organising BME-focused networking dinners and conferences; and Ayaz was invited to a governmental round-table discussion by Lola Young, Baroness Young of Hornsey. The first UK-wide "Sustainability Symposium" which won the Students' Union "Event of the Year" award was introduced by her. The Symposium's concept connects various disciplines such as engineering and art to participate in the mitigation and adaptation to the effects of climate change.

Ayaz worked on rolling out the UK Kickstart Scheme with Rishi Sunak (Chancellor of the Exchequer at HM Treasury), providing funding to employers to create job placements for 16 to 24 year olds on Universal Credit. Simultaneously, she was also involved with the UK Green Homes Grant given her passion for tackling fuel poverty and carbon emissions.

Ayaz was invited to the 76th edition of the Cannes Film Festival to design the Festival's sustainability strategy. Ayaz was the only British Pakistani and the youngest attendee at the Marché du Film and spoke on a panel about the importance of film production to be environmental conscious.

Ayaz was awarded the "Professional Leadership in Banking & Finance" award by Women In Management UK at the House of Lords in London in March , 2024 for her role as the Executive Director of Climate Action Society & business consultant, thus becoming the youngest person to have won this award in history.

Personal life
Ayaz was born on 14 June. Ayaz resides in London, England with friends and family, but is often travelling. She credits her parents Mohammad Ayaz and Dr. Rana Najmi for her success and inspiration.

Other work and media involvement
Ayaz is involved with global health policy initiatives at UCL's department under the Vice-Provost (Health) David Lomas. She is currently enrolled on an undergraduate program for Population Health Sciences at UCL.

She has written about universities' carbon-neutrality policies,.

Ayaz has been covered in CNN, BBC, Geo TV, ARY News, The Express Tribune, The Pakistan Daily, Parlho Pink, The Women Journal, The News International, Daily Pakistan,  LexGaze Weekly, and in other media on subjects including sustainable fashion, environmental consultancy and student entrepreneurship.

She was ranked number three on The Pakistan Daily's 30 under 30 list in 2021. Ayaz regularly participates at global climate forums on behalf of the UK Government and previously spoke at the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26).

Ayaz is often interviewed on lifestyle related climate topics, and has spoken extensively on how Gen-Z cope with climate anxiety. Ayaz is a frequent speaker in the corporate sector, invited by organisations to assist them with their sustainability goals. She has delivered keynotes at significant conferences such as the ESG and Climate Summit 2023.

Ayaz has been involved in the Ayaz Rana Foundation, a charity launched in 2022 to provide assistance to the impoverished and the deprived.

Aliza has been invited to speak at The Economist Sustainability Week in 2024 as the only youth sustainability leader. She regularly mentors students, such as through the University of Leeds careers events and participates in regional events, such as International Women’s Day celebrations.

title: Aliza Ayaz


text:
User:REDDOG321/sandbox

Colorado Burglar and Fire Alarm Association (CBFAA)

The CBFAA is an Industry Association established in 1980 for companies providing design, sales, installation, service and monitoring of electronic security, fire, access control and camera systems to the commercial, residential, industrial and government markets.

title: User:REDDOG321/sandbox


text:
Puzzles/Decision puzzles/Monty Hall/Solution

Puzzles | Puzzles/Decision puzzles | Monty Hall | Solution

There is a prior 1/3 chance of the door you picked being the door with the prize, and a 2/3 chance of a different door being the door with the prize.

Therefore, if you want the prize, it is better to switch, and if you want a nice goat, it is better to stick with the door you chose.

Reasoning
There are three doors: the door you first chose, the door that Monty opened, and the third door. Because there are two doors left, one with the prize, then one might want to believe that there is a 1/2 chance of obtaining the prize either way.

However, before Monty opened any door, there was a 1/3 chance that the door contained the prize. When Monty opens a different door, you learn nothing about the door that you first chose. Thus, the chance of the door you first chose containing the prize remains 1/3, not 1/2.

However, when Monty opens a door with the goat, the probability of that door containing the prize drops to 0. As the probabilities must sum to 1, and the probability of a prize at the door you first chose remains 1/3, the probability of a prize at the third door rises to 2/3. This rise in probability results only because you learned that Monty decided not to open that particular door.

Calculations
Let $$D_p$$ be the door you first picked; let $$D_o$$ be the door which Monty opened; let $$D_r$$ be the third and remaining door. $$C$$ is a car or other prize and $$G$$ is any goat. Suppose you choose the third door $$D_r$$, then what is the probability $$p$$ that this door contains the prize?

$$ \begin{matrix} p & = & P(D_r = C | D_o = G)\\ & = & P(D_r = C, D_p = C | D_o = G) + P(D_r = C, D_p = G | D_o = G)\\ & = & P(D_r = C | D_p = C, D_o = G) P(D_p = C | D_o = G)\\ &  & + P(D_r = C | D_p = G, D_o = G) P(D_p = G | D_o = G)\\ & = & \underbrace{P(D_r = C | D_p = C, D_o = G)}_{=0} \underbrace{P(D_p = C)}_{=\frac{1}{3}}\\ &  & + \underbrace{P(D_r = C | D_p = G, D_o = G)}_{=1} \underbrace{P(D_p = G)}_{=\frac{2}{3}}\\ & = & 0 * \frac{1}{3} + 1 * \frac{2}{3} = \frac{2}{3} \end{matrix} $$

Line-by-line, these equations state:
 * 1) $$p$$ is equal to the probability that your door $$D_r$$ contains a goat on condition that Monty opens a door with a goat.
 * 2) We partition $$p$$ into two cases, one where the door you first picked $$D_p$$ has a prize $$C$$, and one where it has a goat $$G$$. Now $$p$$ is the probability that both $$D_r$$ and $$D_p$$ have prizes on condition that Monty reveals a goat, plus the probability that $$D_p$$ has a prize and $$D_p$$ has a goat, on condition that Monty reveals goat.
 * 3) Using the formula $$P(A, B) = P(A | B) P(B)$$, we state for the second partition that the probability of $$D_r$$ having a prize and $$P_p$$ having a goat, on condition that Monty reveals a goat, is equal to the probability of $$D_r$$ having a prize on condition that both other doors have goats, times the probability that that $$D_p$$ has a goat on condition that Monty reveals a goat. We act likewise for the first partition.
 * 4) Monty always reveals a goat, and never a prize, so $$D_o = G$$ is a condition that is always true. We remove that condition from the equations. We then make some substitutions: the probability of door $$D_p$$ (or any door) is 1/3 for a prize, and 2/3 for a goat. We know that door $$D_r$$ cannot contain a prize if door $$D_p$$ already has it, so that probability is 0. But if doors $$D_p$$ and $$D_o$$ both contain goats, then $$D_r$$ must contain the prize for probability one.
 * 5) We calculate zero times 1/3 plus one times 2/3, giving $$p = \frac{1}{3}$$.

Intuitively this means that in 2/3 of the cases we initially pick a goat and the entertainer shows us where the car is by revealing the other goat. Only in 1/3 of the cases we picked the car initially and by changing our decision we pick a goat.


text:
Syria at the 2020 Summer Olympics

Syria competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the nation's fourteenth appearance at the Summer Olympics since its debut in 1948.

The Syrian Olympic Committee sent a team of six athletes, five men and one woman, to compete in six different sports at the Games, matching the nation's roster size with Athens 2004. Thanks to Man Asaad, Syria won its first Olympic medal since the 2004 Olympics.

Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.

Athletics
One Syrian athlete achieved the entry, by qualifying by world ranking, in the following track and field events:

 * Key
 * Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
 * Q = Qualified for the next round
 * q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
 * NR = National record
 * N/A = Round not applicable for the event
 * Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

 * Field events

Equestrian
Syria entered one jumping rider into the Olympic competition by finishing in the top two, outside the group selection, of the individual FEI Olympic Rankings for Group F (Africa & Middle East), marking the country's recurrence to the sport after an eight-year absence.

Swimming
Syria received a universality invitation from FINA to send one top-ranked swimmers in their respective individual events to the Olympics, based on the FINA Points System of June 28, 2021.

Table tennis
Syria entered one athlete into the table tennis competition. 11-year-old Hend Zaza secured a berth in the women's singles with a gold medal victory at the 2020 West Asia Olympic Qualification Tournament in Amman, Jordan. She was the youngest competitor in any sport in the 2020 Olympics.

Triathlon
Syria entered one triathlete to compete at the Games after received the tripartite commission quotas.

Weightlifting
Syrian weightlifters qualified for one quota place at the games, based on the Tokyo 2020 Rankings Qualification List of 11 June 2021.

title: Syria at the 2020 Summer Olympics


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Talk:David Newman (composer)

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title: Talk:David Newman (composer)


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Gusinaya Lyaga

Gusinaya Lyaga (Гусиная Ляга) is a rural locality (a selo) in Partizansky Selsoviet, Burlinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 275 as of 2013. It was founded in 1907. There are 5 streets.

Geography
Gusinaya Lyaga is located 12 km northeast of Burla (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novopeschanoye is the nearest rural locality.

title: Gusinaya Lyaga