text:
Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Quickie Render

If you haven't completed, do so now. You will need the resulting model for this module.

Now that you've created your first model, you'll probably want to try rendering it. Your first render, with a single light source and only nine faces, should finish quickly. However, as your 3D scenes become more complex, you'll find that rendering can take a long time.

In this module, you'll render your quickie model and save the result in various file formats. You'll also learn how to aim cameras and create lamps.

Rendering the Quickie Model

 * 1) Launch Blender and load factory settings.
 * 2) To load the house model from the previous module, select File → Open Recent, and select the file you saved. Alternatively, press  or select File → Open, find the file, and open it. As soon as the operation is complete, the window will load the quickie model that you created in the previous exercise.
 * 3) Press  or select Render → Render Image. This opens the  so you can watch the render progress.

 * With the new Apple keyboard, use to avoid the Mac Dashboard.
 * With Macintosh OS X 10.5, use.
 * With Gnome, use to avoid the Gnome Search Dialog.

Seeing Your Render
By default, pressing will switch to the UV/Image Editor window, and show your render there. You can switch back to the 3D view with. Pressing in the 3D view will switch you to the UV/Image Editor window without redoing the render, i.e. you will see the same image as last time.

Aiming the Camera
If you don't get a picture of the house, or if the picture is not framed well, try moving or re-aiming the camera:
 * 1) Press  to get back to Edit Mode, if needed.
 * 2) Press  to take the camera's viewpoint.
 * 3) Press  to put the 3D View window into.

In camera fly mode, you can:
 * and by moving the mouse pointer up, down, left, or right.
 * Accelerate by forwards.
 * Decelerate by backwards.
 * Press any key or button to exit fly mode.

(It works differently in version 2.70 and later, more like a FPS game with possibility to slide and so on, buttons are regular FPS controls)

When you're done positioning the camera, try rendering again.

Lighting
If your cube is completely black, you may not have a lamp in the scene. Either the default lamp got deleted, or you're using a version of Blender that doesn't provide a default lamp.

To add a lamp:
 * 1) Make sure Blender is in Object Mode.
 * 2) Place the 3D cursor where you want the lamp to go; or add the lamp then immediately grab it, and move it somewhere else.
 * 3) Press.
 * 4) In the popup menu, select Lamp → Point.

Saving the Render
This is old information and is no longer valid. Saving the scene (with, for instance) does not save any renders. Saving renders is a separate step.

To save your current render :
 * 1) Make sure you are in the Image Editor. If not press  to render
 * 2) Press . This temporarily changes the active window into a File Browser window. (in the older versions you use F3 but in the newer versions the button can be FN + S or SHIFT + S
 * 3) Navigate to the directory (folder) where you want to write the file.
 * 4) Type a filename in the text box (to the left of the "Cancel" button).
 * 5) To the left of the window, choose your preferred file type.
 * 6) Click  on the "Save as Image" button. As soon as the save operation is complete, the window will return to the Image Editor.

Renderer Selection
Blender offers a choice of different rendering engines for producing images. The menu for selecting from these appears in the Info window (the thin one that contains the menu bar at the top of the default layout). In most of these tutorials, you will leave this choice set at Blender Render. But it is worth knowing what other choices are available:
 * Blender Render—the oldest renderer, commonly known as the Blender Internal renderer. Built into Blender right from its early days. Can still produce good results with the right tricks, but considered by the Blender developers to be antiquated and not worthy of continuing development.
 * Blender Game—this is the renderer used by the Blender Game Engine. Designed to be fast enough for interactive use in a game, which means there are limitations in the quality of renders it produces. You also use this renderer to create rigid-body physics simulations.
 * Cycles Render—for this and other choices, see Advanced Rendering.

Render Control
The top panel under the Render tab in the Properties window shows 3 buttons and a menu. The first button renders a single frame, equivalent to. The other two buttons are more relevant to animations.

The “Display:” menu controls what happens when you press : the default “Image Editor” causes the 3D view to be switched to the UV/Image Editor showing the rendered image. “Full Screen” causes the UV/Image Editor display to take over the entire screen, while “New Window” makes it appear in a separate OS/GUI window (similar to how older versions of Blender used to work). Finally, “Keep UI” causes no changes to your window layout at all; you have to explicitly bring up the Image Editor with to see the rendered image.

Render Image Dimensions
You can control the size of the image that Blender creates when rendering. This is specified in the “Dimensions” panel under Render properties. Apart from the menu at the top, the settings in this panel are grouped into two columns:
 * The column on the left controls settings for a single image.
 * The column on the right specifies additional settings for rendering a whole sequence of images as part of an animation. These settings will be discussed later.

At the upper left, under “Resolution:”, we have the dimensions in pixels of the image (the default settings are 1920×1080 as shown in the screenshot), plus an additional scale factor slider below (showing 50% by default). With these settings, the image will actually be rendered at (1920×50%)×(1080×50%) = 960×540. Having the scale factor is a convenience. Rendering smaller, lower-quality images is faster, which speeds up initial work on your model, but you'll want full quality for the final result. Instead of mentally having to work out numbers for render quality, you can simply set the resolution to full quality, and use the scale factor to reduce this to, say, 50% or 25% for interim work, then set it to 100% for the final output.

Image File Formats

You set the format and location for saving rendered images in the “Output” panel under the Render properties.

In current versions of Blender, the default format for saving rendered images is PNG. This is a lossless format which has the option for alpha transparency (which means the sky background is replaced by transparent pixels—enabled by clicking the “RGBA” button). This is a good format if you intend to do further work with the image (e.g. in an image editor like Gimp or Photoshop), but the files can be large.

JPEG is a lossy image format, which means it throws away information that the human eye doesn’t see. This produces much smaller files than PNG, and is adequate if you just want to upload the render directly for use in a Web page or other such document, but is not the best choice if you intend to do further processing of the image. It also doesn’t support alpha transparency.

To change the render file format:
 * 1) Switch to the Render tab in the Properties window.
 * 2) Look for the “Output” panel.
 * 3) Click  on the popout menu with the current file format.
 * 4) Select your preferred format.

Additional Resources

 * Tutorial on Using Multiple Cameras ← Pictures are missing from this tutorial
 * Ira Krakow's Basic Blender Camera Positioning (Rigging)
 * Ira Krakow's Basic Blender Camera Positioning (Rigging)

title: Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Quickie Render


text:
Kamaiya and kamlari

Kamaiya and Kamlari (also called Kamalari) were two traditional systems of bonded labour practised in the western Terai of Nepal. Both were abolished after protests, in 2000 and 2006 respectively.

Origins
The system of bonded labour existed in Nepal since the 18th century; following the unification of Nepal, members of the ruling elite received land grants in the Terai and were entitled to collect revenue from those who cultivated the land.

The Kamaiya system bonds males to labour, and the Kamlari system bonds females.

Kamaiya history
Traditionally, people without land or work could get loans from landowners allowing them to sustain a minimum livelihood. In exchange for this, they had to live and work on the landowner's land as quasi slaves. Exorbitant debts were charged, and whole families were forced to slave labour for years and even generations, bonded by indebtedness to the landowner and bonded by unequal social relations to sell labour in lieu of the loan taken.

Following the eradication of malaria in the Terai region in the 1950–1960s, the large influx of hill migrants marginalized traditionally landowning Tharu people by occupying their lands. While the Tharus had no records of the land they were cultivating, the settlers registered the land in their name, forcing the Tharus to work as agricultural labourers. The customary practice of obtaining a "helping hand for family business" was gradually replaced by the forced labour system called Kamaiya, which in Tharu parlance is tantamount to hardworking hired farm labour. The Kamaiya system existed in particular in western Nepal and affects especially the Tharu people and Dalits.

Kamaiya abolition
Increasing protests against the kamaiya system, organized by the "Kamaiya movement", led to its abolition in 2000. On 17 July that year, the Government of Nepal announced the Kamaiya system be banned, all Kamaiyas be freed and their debts be cancelled. Although most Kamaiya families were freed, the system has persisted. Many Kamaiyas were evicted by their former landlords and released into poverty without support. Others received unproductive land.

To alleviate the poverty of the affected people – the main cause of the system – rehabilitation and distribution of land were promised to ex-Kamaiya families. To put action behind the attempts to discuss the land issue with the government, the ex-Kamaiyas started occupying land in Kailali and Bardiya districts in the winter of 2005–06. But a decade after being liberated, the freed Kamaiyas are forced to live a very difficult life as the government has still not fulfilled its promises of providing a proper rehabilitation and relief package.

Practice
In its modern form, girls and young women are sold by their parents into indentured servitude under contract for periods of one year with richer, higher-caste buyers, generally from outside their villages.

Campaigns for kamlari abolition
Several activist groups including the Nepal Youth Foundation (NYF) and the Friends of Needy Children (FNC) have campaigned for abolition of the system since 2000, and worked to free kamlaris by paying off their parents' debts. On 10 September 2006, the Supreme Court of Nepal affirmed that this practice known as kamlari was illegal, and that former kamlaris were entitled to governmental compensation, education and rehabilitation. However, the interim-government of Nepal (formed during the last stage of the Nepalese Civil War following the successful April 2006 revolution against the autocratic monarchy) failed to comply with the Supreme Court's ruling, and the practice continued to exist.

Anti-kamlari organisations launched new campaigns and protests to demand the government to comply, which in 2009 resulted in financial compensation for freed kamlaris. The system was still not abolished, however, and thousands of girls served forcefully for several more years. Various charitable organizations have mitigated the kamlari practice by offering grants larger than prospective masters to families who promise not to sell their daughters, as well as funds for the girls' education.

The next year the Freed Kamlari Development Forum (FKDF) was formed by former slave girls with the help of NYF and FNC. The suspicious death 12-year-old kamlari Srijana Chaudhary in March 2013 revived the movement and saw mass protests taking place to demand the practice's immediate end. After images of police hitting the protesting girls were seen in national and international media, outrage against the Nepalese government soared. In June 2013, the government finally gave in and officially abolished the kamlari system and agreed to a 10-point plan involving compensation, rehabilitation and justice for victims of abuse.

Post-abolition practice
Despite the 2013 official prohibition on putting girls into indentured servitude, the NYF estimated in October 2017 that hundreds of girls were still living in slave-like conditions, many in the homes of prominent politicians and businessmen.

Literature

 * Anita Cheria (2005) Liberation is not enough: the kamaiya movement in Nepal. ActionAid Nepal, Kathmandu 2005 ISBN 99946-800-2-1, ISBN 978-99946-800-2-3
 * Giri, B.R. (2012) "The Bonded Labour System in Nepal: Musahar and Tharu Communities' Assessments of the Haliya and Kamaiya Labour Contracts," Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences, 4(2): 518–551.
 * Giri, B.R. (2011) "The Bonded Labor System in Nepal: Exploring Haliya and Kamaiya Children's Lifeworlds," in: A. Guneratne (ed.) The Tarai: History, Society, Environment, pp. 101–110, Lalitpur, Nepal: Himal Books.
 * Giri, B.R. (2010) The Haliya and Kamaiya Bonded Child Labourers in Nepal, in G. Craig (ed.), Child Slavery Now, pp. 227–241, Bristol (UK): Policy Press.
 * Giri, B.R. (2010) "The Bonded Labour Practice in Nepal: "The Promise of Education" as a Magnet of Child Bondedness?" South Asia Research, 30(2): 145-64
 * Giri, B.R. (2009) "The Bonded Labour System in Nepal: Perspectives of Haliya and Kamaiya Child Workers," Journal of Asian and African Studies, 44(6): 599–623.
 * Giri, B.R. (2007) "Modern Slavery," in: R. Ennals (ed.) From Slavery to Citizenship, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 257–261.
 * Peter Lowe, Vinaya Kasajoo (2001) Kamaiya: Slavery and Freedom in Nepal. Mandala Book Point, in association with Danish Association for International Co-operation (MS Nepal), Kathmandu ISBN 99933-1-011-5, ISBN 978-99933-1-011-2 Mandala Book Point: About the book

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Kamaiya and kamlari


text:
Joint Policy Committee

The Joint Policy Committee of the British Labour Party was part of the policy-making system of the party, set up by leader Tony Blair in 1997 as part of the Partnership in Power process.

It has strategic oversight of policy development by overseeing the rolling policy making process of Partnership in Power. It acts as a steering group for the National Policy Forum, and is a joint committee made up of National Executive Committee, parliamentary and National Policy Forum representatives, chaired by the leader of the party.

title: Joint Policy Committee


text:
Landford Bog

Landford Bog is an 11.6 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest at Landford in southeast Wiltshire, England. It was notified in 1987.

The site is managed as a nature reserve by Wiltshire Wildlife Trust.

title: Landford Bog


text:
wing-back

Noun

 * 1)  A player who plays on the wing, and acts as both a defender and an attacker depending on the team's situation.

title: wing-back


text:
wimble

Etymology 1
From,. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,.

Noun

 * 1) Any of various hand tools for boring holes.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:

Etymology 2
From, from the noun (above). Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  To truss hay with a wimble.
 * 2) To bore or pierce, as with a wimble.
 * 3) * 1692,, Athenae Oxonienses, London: Lackington et al., 1820, Volume 4, p. 39,
 * a foot soldier had hid himself and being greedy of prey, crept into the vault, and cut so much of the velvet pall that covered the great body, as he judged would hardly be missed, and wimbled also a hole thro’ the said coffin that was largest
 * a foot soldier had hid himself and being greedy of prey, crept into the vault, and cut so much of the velvet pall that covered the great body, as he judged would hardly be missed, and wimbled also a hole thro’ the said coffin that was largest

Etymology 3
Related to.

Adjective

 * 1)  active; nimble
 * 2) * 1579,, Newes out of Powles Churchyarde, London: John Charlewood and Richard Jhones, “The first Satyr,”
 * And casting backe mine eye, I spyde
 * a pretie wymble lad,
 * Who saluing of his mate, dyd aske
 * what newes were to be had.
 * 1) * 1614,, The Shepheards Pipe, London: George Norton, “An Eclogue between yong Willy the singer of his natiue Pastorals, and old WERNOCKE his friend,”
 * Then nought can be atchieu’d with witty shewes,
 * Sith griefe of Elde accloyen wimble wit;
 * 1) * 1755,, “The Squire of Dames” Canto 1, Stanza 27, in (editor), A Collection of Poems in Four Volumes, London: R. & J. Dodsley, Volume 4, p. 135,
 * Man throws the wimble bait, and greedy woman bites.
 * 1) * 1755,, “The Squire of Dames” Canto 1, Stanza 27, in (editor), A Collection of Poems in Four Volumes, London: R. & J. Dodsley, Volume 4, p. 135,
 * Man throws the wimble bait, and greedy woman bites.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) collar-beam

title: wimble


text:
Talk:Dennis Hextall

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title: Talk:Dennis Hextall


text:
Vanisha Kumar

Vanisha Karishma Kumar (born 5 February 1995) is a footballer who plays as a forward or midfielder. Born in Australia, she is a member of the Fiji women's national team. In 2015 she represented Fiji in the 2015 Pacific Games.

Kumar was born in Sydney, Australia and has been playing soccer since the age of 11. At the age of 15 she had an opportunity to try out for the Australia national team but declined so she could play for the Fiji national team.

title: Vanisha Kumar


text:
Japanese/Vocabulary/Family and people

Related resources
"For Japanese, family names are the worst growing pains"

Japonês/Vocabulário/Família

title: Japanese/Vocabulary/Family and people


text:
Talk:Dörte Lindner

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title: Talk:Dörte Lindner


text:
remédio

Etymology
, from +.

Pronunciation

Noun

 * 1)  medicine substance which promotes healing
 * 2)  remedy something that corrects or counteracts
 * 3)  alcoholic beverages
 * 1)  alcoholic beverages
 * 1)  alcoholic beverages

title: remédio


text:
бидон

Etymology
. See there for further etymology.

Noun

 * 1) large metal or plastic cylindrical container with a narrow neck, used for liquid transport and storage; drum; can (as in milk can or jerrycan)

Etymology
in the late 19th century (attested since 1880), from, further origin uncertain.

Noun

 * 1)  can, churn a large metal or plastic cylindrical container with lid or cover, intended to store and transport liquids

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  can

title: бидон


text:
Pen Pals (band)

The Pen Pals are an indie folk music group composed of artists Jetty Rae and Heath McNease. The group is known for its minimalist style and layered vocal harmonies. To date, they have released 2 albums: 'Gold' (2016) and 'I Disappear' (2017), the latter of which is said to have 'introspective lyrics of loss, sorrow, perseverance and hope'. The group itself has been cited as a 'gentler, more harmonic version of The Civil Wars'.

Discography
The Pen Pals have released 2 albums in their career:

Gold (2015)
Released on September 17, 2015 described by one reviewer as "folk pop". The album spent 5 days as the most downloaded on NoiseTrade. The theme of the album is a romance that begins and ends with summer.

I Disappear (2017)
Released on July 28, 2017, with a music video for the title track. The songs written are centred around feelings of loss, heartbreak and disillusionment.

title: Pen Pals (band)


text:
Talk:Clarence P. Hornung

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title: Talk:Clarence P. Hornung


text:
Gina Farmer

Gina Farmer (born 12 December 1974) is a New Zealand former basketball player who competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics and in the 2004 Summer Olympics. Farmer also competed for New Zealand at the 1994 World Championship held in Australia.

title: Gina Farmer


text:
Phostria tetrastictalis

Phostria tetrastictalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found in Nigeria.

title: Phostria tetrastictalis


text:
lola

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a grandmother

Related terms

 * lolo

Etymology
From a shortened form of by folk etymology.

Noun

 * 1) grandmother

Noun

 * 1) a grandmother
 * 2) a grandaunt
 * 3) a cousin of one's grandparents
 * 4) an affectionate or honorific term for an elderly woman
 * 1) an affectionate or honorific term for an elderly woman

Noun

 * 1) orphan

Noun

 * 1) grandmother

Noun

 * 1) grandmother

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) wavering, unsteady, agitated
 * 2) longing, eager, greedy

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1)  boyfriend, darling
 * 2)  idler, loafer
 * 3)  carouser
 * 4)  a person from Vojvodina

Verb

 * 1) to sharpen

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  girl
 * 2)  breasts, bosom, boobies, knockers

Etymology 1
Shortening of by folk etymology, or the female equivalent of.

Noun

 * 1) grandmother

Etymology 2
See.

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) tulip

Noun

 * 1) the thigh

Verb

 * 1) sharpen

title: lola


text:
Talk:Charlie Chan (composer)

Birth place
Infobox says Albury, but text says "born and raised in Melbourne". --  Jack of Oz   [Talk]  09:12, 19 October 2012 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Charlie Chan (composer)


text:
Film editing/Penny and Eggbert

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" An example for the course on Narrative Film Editing
 * colspan="2" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid Sienna; background-color:Cornsilk;" |

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5 style="margin:0em 0em 0em 0em; width:100%"
 * bgcolor=Cornsilk |

The Script for Penny and Eggbert

 * Take a quick look at the script for "The story of Penny and Eggbert".

 * Just a few quacks and a few peeps. That's all!

 * Then turn the page and look at the many possible camera angles for filming this epic scene.

 * bgcolor=Cornsilk |

 * bgcolor=Cornsilk colspan="2" |Note: Penny and Eggbert are 3D Poser models created by 3D Universe.  These characters were posed and rendered with the free DAZ Studio.
 * }

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" Short and simple
 * }
 * style="width:40%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid Gold; background-color: LightYellow;" rowspan="1"|

Here is the story
This is a very simple story. That is why it is a good example for an editing lesson.

*Note: The story of Penny and Eggbert is based on a true story.

 * style="padding:0em 0.5em 0em 0.5em;" |

A story of epic proportions
 * style="width:60%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#f1f5fc;" |

The Story of Penny and Eggbert

 * Once upon a time, there was a penguin named Penny and a duck named Eggbert. (They come from a strange land called "3D Universe" in Africa.  Strange, isn't it!)

 * One day, Eggert said to Penny, "Quack, quack, quack, quack, quack."

 * Penny replied, "Peep, peep, peep, peep, peep, peep, peep!"

 * This made Eggbert very excited and he said, "Quack, quack, quack, quack, quack."

 * And that is the end of our story.

 * }

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" Formatting the script
 * style="width:40%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #9cf; background-color: #f1f5fc;" rowspan="1"|

The formatted script
Just like a real motion picture, I turned the story into a script.

Refresh your memory by reviewing the lesson for formatting a movie script.

 * style="padding:0em 0.5em 0em 0.5em;" |

The finished script 1. EXT. - 3D UNIVERSE IN AFRICA - DAY
 * style="width:60%; vertical-align:top; border:3px solid Gold; background-color:#ffe;" |
 * Eggbert and Penny have a conversation.

 * EGGBERT
 * Quack, quack, quack, quack, quack.

 * PENNY
 * Peep, peep, peep, peep, peep, peep, peep!

 * EGGBERT
 * Quack, quack, quack, quack, quack.

 * FADE TO BLACK.

 * The end

 * }

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" Look at the possible camera setups
 * colspan="2" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid Gold; background-color:LightYellow;" |

The next page

 * First, you should take a look at the possible camera setups. Even though this is a very simple script, we must film it from many different angles. Click here to go to the next page.

 * }

title: Film editing/Penny and Eggbert


text:
Cobitis minamorii

Cobitis minamorii is a species of fish in the family Cobitidae found in the rivers flowing into Seto Inland Sea, San'yō district, western Honshu: Okayama and Hiroshima Prefectures in Japan.

Subspecies
There are currently 5 recognized subspecies:
 * Cobitis minamorii minamorii Nakajima, 2012
 * Cobitis minamorii oumiensis Nakajima, 2012
 * Cobitis minamorii saninensis Nakajima, 2012
 * Cobitis minamorii tokaiensis Nakajima, 2012
 * Cobitis minamorii yodoensis Nakajima, 2012

title: Cobitis minamorii


text:
Talk:Dot-matrix methods

The name suggests some kind of mathematical or comp.sci. topic to me, which evidently is not. I would categorize it myself but, heck, I don't know properly where. --Jorge 00:28, 13 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It's a "Life Sciences" general topic, and a "Bioinformatics" subject to be more precise, does this help ? XApple 11:58, 13 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh yes, although I know from my education in comp. sci. that bioinformatics spans more than DNA-related computations. What can this be called, inside bioinformatics, DNA sequencing perhaps? --Jorge 00:47, 17 February 2007 (UTC)
 * No, that would be more of a chemical process. This would reside inside the field of sequence alignment techniques. XApple 20:42, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dot-matrix methods


text:
User:Pradeep Kushwaha Jikhangaon

pradeep Kushwaha Jikhangaon, madhya pradesh, india Www.PradeepKushwahaJikhangaon.wikipedia. com

title: User:Pradeep Kushwaha Jikhangaon


text:
Aplodactylus

Aplodactylus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes, commonly known as marblefishes or sea carps. It is the only genus in the monogeneric family, Aplodactylidae. The fishes in this genus are found in the south eastern Indian Ocean and the southern Pacific Ocean.

Taxonomy
Aplodactylus was described in 1832 by the French zoologist Achille Valenciennes with Aplodactylus punctatus, which Valenciennes described from the type specimen collected from Valparaiso in Chile, as its only species, being the type species by monotypy. The family had previously contained two genera with the monospecific Crinodon being recognised as a synonym of Aplodactylus by Barry C. Russell in 2000. The family, Aplodactylidae was created as Haplodactylidae by the German born British ichthyologist Albert Günther in 1859, the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker corrected that to its current name later the same year. The family is regarded as part of the superfamily Cirrhitoidea, which is placed within the order Perciformes in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World, however other authorities place this clade within a new order within the wider Percomorpha, Centrarchiformes. The genus name is a compound of aploe meaning "single" or "simple" and daktylos meaning "finger", a reference to the unbranched lower pectoral fin rays of the type species.

Species
The five currently recognized species in this genus are:
 * Aplodactylus arctidens J. Richardson, 1839 (marblefish)
 * Aplodactylus etheridgii (J. D. Ogilby, 1889) (notchheaded marblefish)
 * Aplodactylus lophodon Günther, 1859 (rock cale)
 * Aplodactylus punctatus Valenciennes, 1832 (Zamba marblefish)
 * Aplodactylus westralis B. C. Russell, 1987 (western seacarp)

Characteristics
Aplodactylus species are characterised by a relatively long, deep and compressed body ending in a small, blunt head. They have a small mouth, which is placed just below the short snout, with a thick upper lip. They have a long dorsal fin with a deep incision between the spiny and soft rayed portions. The anal fin is short based and triangular in shape while the pectoral fins are large and have a rounded shape, and their lower fin rays are not joined by membranes and are robust. The pelvic fins are located quite far to the rear of the base of the pectoral fins. They have small scales which are embedded in their skin and which extend onto the cheeks, as well as forming a scaly sheath at the base of the dorsal fin. The dorsal fins have 14-23 spines and 16-21 soft rays while the anal fin has 6-8 soft rays. They have vomerine teeth and the teeth in the jaws vary in shape and can be incisor-like, sharply pointed or tricuspid. They vary in size from a total length of 34.7 cm in the Western seacarp to 65 cm in the marblefish.

Distribution and habitat
Aplodactylus is found in the south eastern Indian Ocean off Western Australia and in the southern Pacific Ocean off Australia, New Zealand and eastern South America. These are fishes of shallow inshore waters, typically on rocky coastlines.

Biology
Apolidactylus fishes are herbivorous and feed on algae. The species may be sociable and from aggregations or they can be solitary and territorial.

title: Aplodactylus


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User:Jam~enwikibooks

First time Wiki contributor but very interested in helping out with this project in any way I can.

I'm a web application architect, programmer, graphic artist with widely varying interests.

I hope to be contributing to this site often.

title: User:Jam~enwikibooks


text:
Talk:Donna Cox

Worksection removed
Due to possible violation of copyright, see WP:Copyvio, I have removed the worksection of this article for now. -- Marcel Douwe Dekker (talk) 09:18, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Donna Cox


text:
Talk:Andrew Barth Feldman

Notability
I am not prepared to start a full fledged "articles for deletion" (#1 may not be needed; #2 I do not have the time/energy/knowledge). So I will simply note that this article as it stands now (on September 22, 2019 at 4:29pm) does not -- in my opinion -- appear to meet the requirements of WP:GNG or WP:NACTOR ("1.Has had significant roles in multiple notable films, television shows, stage performances, or other productions;2.Has a large fan base or a significant "cult" following; 3.Has made unique, prolific or innovative contributions to a field of entertainment.") Flami72 (talk) 20:32, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Thanks because I came here and startled at long and rambling this child's biography is almost absurdly long for a minor actor just starting his career Wikibina (talk) 20:28, 29 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Andrew Barth Feldman


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Maryland (automobile)

The Maryland automobile was built by the Sinclair-Scott Company of Baltimore, Maryland, between 1907 and 1910.

History
Sinclair-Scott was a maker of food canning machinery and in the early 1900s started to make car parts. One of their customers, Ariel, failed to pay and in recompense Sinclair-Scott took over production, moved the factory to Baltimore, and marketed the car as the Maryland.

The car was powered by a 30-hp four-cylinder, overhead camshaft engine. The Ariel design was initially unchanged, and the Maryland was originally available as a four-seat roadster or a five-seat touring car. The wheelbase was later lengthened from the initial 100 in to 116 in. Limousines became available in 1908 and town cars in 1909. Prices ranged from $2,500 to $3,200,.

Production stopped in 1910 after 871 Marylands had been made, as producing the cars was not profitable. The company returned to the manufacture of food-canning machinery.

title: Maryland (automobile)


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User:Voidnavigator/sandbox

Wilderness Tips LA Weekly By Doug Harvey Wednesday, Jul 25 2001--dtri 14:51, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Dimitri Vorvolakos aka Nicolas Vorvolakos (b.1967, in Gamboa, Panama Canal Zone) is an artist/curator based in Los Angeles. Vorvolakos studied New York University in New York, graduating with a BA in 1990 and an MFA in 1995. His work has been exhibited at museums and galleries including Space Gallery, the Santa Barbara center for contemporary art, New Space Gallery. He was The director of the cutting edge gallery 207 in West Hollywood and the infamous 01 gallery in Hollywood Ca. Currator of the exhibition LA,CA and the B-sides at the NewSpace gallery which featured the work of Tesuji Aono, Steve Hurd, Meg Cranston, Margie Schinbe, Liza Mraz, Shirley Tse,Kaz Oshiro.--dtri 14:41, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

LA Weekly Jul 25 2001

title: User:Voidnavigator/sandbox


text:
American Samoa women's national volleyball team

The American Samoa women's national volleyball team represents American Samoa in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches.

It won the gold medal at the 2015 Pacific Games.


text:
Using PHPEclipse/Installation/Installing ApacheMySQLPHP

Most PHP developers find it easiest to work with a running web server on their local machine. This allows you to test your work as you go, without having to upload it to a hosting environment. Therefore, it's suggested that at this point you install Apache, PHP, and (if you are using it), MySQL. This step is required if you plan to use the php debugger. Together these tools are often referred to as AMP (or AMPP if you include Perl as well as PHP).

Installing AMP Using the XAMPP Distribution
XAMPP is a software bundle which includes everything you need to install Apache/MySQL/PHP/Perl in one go. It's available for Windows, Linux and Solaris. Particularly on a Windows machine, this is definitely the fastest way to get up and running with these tools, as someone else has done the integration and configuration work for you. Under Linux, it may be a quick solution to set up, will not be as easy to automatically maintain (or integrate with other packages) as if you installed these tools separately with your distribution's package management system (such as: apt, YaST, emerge, or up2date). This is covered in the next section.

To install XAMPP, visit their website at http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html. Select your operating system (Windows, Linux or Solaris), and then follow the simple installation instructions found on that page.

Note: Since Apache needs to be able to run your php files against php, your workspace, which contains all of your php files, must be in the Apache web root (htdocs folder). By default, this is C:\apachefriends\xampp\htdocs, but may vary depending on where you install XAMPP to. The setting can also be configured in httpd.conf

Up | Back | Next


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Talk:Common People

Use of Championed
I am not sure that the use of Championed in the Sentence : "Cocker's simple four-bar synthesizer line was championed by keyboardist Candida Doyle, and the final single was mixed down from over 40 tracks." is proper. If one of the grammar gurus could look at this and make a final judgment, I would be appreciative. Mister B. 02:00, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Because I wrote that sentence, here is what I was trying to summarise from recollection of the BBC3 programme. Cocker wrote the distinctive ten-note backing melody for the verses at home, most of the rest of the band thought it was naff and Cocker himself was unsure.  Doyle saw its potential, demonstrated that potential while much of the rest of the song was apparently written around it, and also performed it on the recording.  Chambers defines "champion" as a noun firstly as "someone who defends a cause", and as a verb as "to challenge (obs); to defend; to support".  The cause defended here also won out, which, I suppose, is why the word came to mind. --Cedderstk 14:19, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Okay, Cedders that seems fine, I wonder if we could word it in a more laymen way. Although, it may just be my vocabulary lacking. Mister B. 03:23, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

Real incident
The article contains this line: "However, Cocker admittedly embellished the incident with the Greek student who declares she 'want[s] to live like common people' — she most definitely never wanted to sleep with him!" Um... source? Is this taken from an interview? --LostLeviathan 01:01, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

The BBC3 documentary now referenced interviews primary sources, and the statement was from Cocker's testimony as at 2005. I've added other material from my recollection of the broadcast a few weeks ago that I'm reasonably certain of. --Cedders 10:40, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

Emphasising importance
I'm not quite sure how to stress the cultural significance of the song (It was kept from number 1 by Robson & Jerome!) without appearing POV. My contemporaries (slightly younger than members of Pulp) and other critics tend to disagree about the second best song on Different Class, but Common People is the one song from the 1990s (along with perhaps Parklife (song) and Killer (song)) that we'll all remember when our hair and teeth have fallen out. --Cedders 10:40, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

Lost In the Supermarket?
I think that the verse "I took her to the supermarket/Don't know why, but I had to start it somewhere..." is a pretty obvious tribute to the Clash song "Lost in the Supermarket", with music resembling as well. Yet, there's no source for the statement, so, if anyone wishes to investigate...--Vitriden 11:58, 8 October 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Pulp - common people.jpg
Image:Pulp - common people.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 04:09, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Cover version
I don't think there's any point in arguing over whether Shatner's version is "better" (to be fair, they were both amusing in different ways), but I would ask that people stick to verifiable facts and secondary sources, such as books and articles, as far as possible, and maintain a historical sense of perspective.

 * This version won critical praise and was the center of a popular "viral video" phenomenon on You-tube which took the form of a wide variety of user-interpreted videos which used it as a soundtrack. This made the song famous in markets outside of the United Kingdom and resulted in this cover version becoming the definitive one in the minds of many.

A Google search is an invitation to the reader to do their own research, rather than a source itself. Rather than adding a citation needed template, I've removed most of the last sentence (I added a mention of the cover back in 2006, as I thought it was notable, but it shouldn't take over the article). It may be the first version that some people heard, but that's certainly fewer than those who heard the original in 1995, and has any serious author claimed the cover supplanted the original in the minds of those who had heard it later, as the sentence seems to imply? All I'm saying is that it can be hard to get historical perspective on the recent past. Different classes, different generations. --Cedderstk 17:13, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

 * First, what sort of reference would better prove the statement "This version won critical praise?" Should I reference one positive review, or a whole slew of them?  It's not worth the hassle.  The reference I used proves it simply and easily. The rules about research are only the rules because they work. All I want to do is prove to any doubter that any random search for reviews of the song and album are mostly positive. The fact that there are many positive reviews of it can be quickly checked by glancing at that page, without bothering to click on any of them.  There, I've shown it's true that it was critically well received at the click of a mouse.

 * Second, you say more people "certainly" first heard the original back in 1995 than either heard the cover first, or just the cover and the original not at all. And that's probably true in the one smallish country where it was a hit.  The sentence you altered didn't imply that it "surplanted" the original in their minds.  It implied that it brought the song to millions who had never heard the original before, and these people want to know more about the song. For example, it's important to note that Ben Folds who is most responsible for it.

 * I'd like to offer you another reason to doubt your statement: More than two-thirds of the English-speaking world lives outside of Europe; mostly in North America, where the original never was a hit. In order for the original to be definitive in one's mind, you'd more likely than not have to be a Brit who grew up in the 1990s.  Every day that goes by, that's less and less likely, and more and more people who have heard this song and visit this article wanting to learn about it will have heard only the new version.  Actually, I am as confident that this is the case already as you are "certain" that it is not.  For one thing, it was true of me.

 * Leave your emotions aside and face it. While the Pulp version should always come first in this article, the time has come for it to allow more space at the bottom to the version most modern people interested in this song know and love and want to learn about.  (Including the fact that it's more properly called "Fold's version" than "Shatner's" as you have done.)  —Preceding unsigned comment added by Chrisrus (talk • contribs) 06:27, 19 October 2008 (UTC)
 * 8 years on, and I have no idea why the William Shatner joke cover version of this song is given such prominence in this article. Sure, it should be mentioned, along with the many other covers and adaptations, but it has no long term significance. The notorious WP "all the world's America" bias strikes yet again. --Ef80 (talk) 18:53, 24 September 2016 (UTC)

Fogus vs. Jackson's inclusion
Fogus, are you sure that "backing vocals" really is the best description of what Jackson's credit should be? He basically takes the whole second section, and then is mixed pretty equally for the final one, I'd say dominating it. It's more of a duet. I don't think the section would be complete without mentioning his contribution. We just want to describe the dominant features of the track.Chrisrus (talk) 06:07, 17 April 2009 (UTC)

Video text copied from another source?
The text for the "video" section of this article was probably cut-and-pasted from somewhere else, as it refers to Pulp as "indie band Pulp" -- I think anyone reading this article probably knows who Pulp are! <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:43, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

Two Articles?
Should we have a separate article for the Ben Folds' version? Chrisrus (talk) 01:51, 24 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I personally think cover versions in general should not get their own page, principally because the topic is the song. After all, Yesterday (song) has been recorded over 3000 times, and it would be undesirable to create a stub for all those recordings that ever charted or were by notable musicians.  When covers do get their own page because they reach number 1, like Singin' in the Rain (UK single), it looks like they are created just so they get their own infobox, and the quality can suffer. There might be exceptions where the title of the re-recording/remix is different and it is independently notable, such as Proper Education.  WP:SIZE suggests only splitting articles when the main body gets to 30K or ten printed pages, and Common People is less than a third of that. Also there need to be more references to establish notability (and provide content!) for the cover before it gets a stand-alone article.  I wonder what the people at WikiProject Music think.  BTW I added Common People to my watchlist after developing the article based on seeing the 2006 documentary; I don't recall it mentioning the Folds/Shatner version although I had heard it, which is why IIRC I created the subheading for it.

 * However, I do think that the Folds/Shatner version should get a sentence in the lead paragraph, with the date of release and so on. The thing about the Pulp version being unknown in the US is from the linked Allmusic review: "one of the great singles of the 1990s, but a standard only in Europe, and largely unknown in America".  The only reference works I have are for the UK: Guinness British Hit Singles shows Pulp entered the Top 75 on 3 June 1995 and stayed there for 13 weeks.  So it needs someone to check such up-to-date equivalents in other countries.  I'll add a critical assessment of the 1995 version from Rock: The Rough Guide.  --Cedderstk 09:39, 9 October 2009 (UTC)

 * What further citation do you feel it needs? Chrisrus (talk) 02:20, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

 * In particular for the last sentence: "widespread appeal" is imprecise and would be worth being able to verify, quantify and get extra details; what is the source for this statement? There are a few reviews available online from reliable sources ("beyond good or bad" being the Guardian's quote! suggesting it's not notable for quality one way or another but for incongruity), but the reviews are for the Has Been album in general and don't establish for example whether the version was released as a single, which would be a useful fact.  I note it was included on one compilation, as against several dozen for the original (and no, this isn't about their relative merit, only notability), and seems to have had quite a lot of airplay on Triple J in Australia.

 * Canada to Australia doesn't seem a pretty wide spread?
 * What kind of review beyond the several we already have would you concider reliable? Rolling Stone?
 * They still release singles? Where do they sell them?

 * Chart references include ideal objective information; in this case we have quite a bit on the original, as it has been discussed in numerous guides and magazines and was the subject of two documentaries. Accurate summary of both review and context (e.g. the ballet and film) would make the section better.  Some of the sources at William Shatner's Gonzo Ballet may help add content, but I haven't checked.  Also you said in a comment, now in the archives, that it should really be referred to as the Ben Folds version.  What is that comment based on, and could that be used as a source?  Also, I've never seen a Google or YouTube search being used in a Wikipedia footnote anywhere else: since a search (the result of which also varies over time) doesn't of itself make any assertions, it cannot be a source, surely?  Do you know what statement the search (presumably the documents it returns) is supposed to be supporting?

 * As you read the sources, who is primarily responsible for the work? No one calls it "the Ben Folds version" but me, as far as I know, but that's not in the article anyway.  However, as the article makes clear, it was he who had the idea and produced the song.

 * a popular "viral video" phenomenon on YouTube is interesting, but again, it's hard to quantify. Was this three videos or three hundred?  Was it commented on by a reliable source?  There's a general resistance to internet memes on Wikipedia because it's so hard to assess their significance and they may distort coverage (see WP:Recentism).  I think the guidelines at Notability (music), Notability (web) (especially criterion 3) and No original research are all relevant.  Have you read them?  The first would strongly suggest that usually a song should not get its own page, let alone individual performances or recordings of songs.Chrisrus (talk) 03:46, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Anyway, good luck with it. (BTW I was wrong in claiming I'd created that subhead - I must have misremembered. Apologies.) --Cedderstk 12:56, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Who did? Should I be talking to him? —Preceding unsigned comment added by  Chrisrus  (talk • contribs)  03:46, 11 October 2009

 * Sorry, if my comments were unclear.  I'm not saying "widespread appeal" is necessarily incorrect, I'm asking what does it mean exactly? and how do we know?.  I've no idea how popular either version was in Canada, but if someone can say something more than "my impression was it was very popular in Canada" with a reference and so on, cool.   What reliable sources can add to this article is a good question, and it's dealt with by more experienced editors than me at Reliable sources, WP:RSN and Wikiproject Albums.  Allmusic (which we've used) uses professional reviewers and is fine, so is Rolling Stone; sputnik music I presume not; in general user-generated content including YouTube is not considered reliable.  Singles charts have to be based on something, whether physical sales or downloads, and are a source of information about notability.  Trying to summarise everything on the web, reliable or not, would be original research (please other editors correct me if I'm wrong).

 * Off the topic, Allmusic credits the album to Shatner in the title, but describes it as a collaboration. In full: "There's only one cover of a big pop tune, and it's Pulp's "Common People" -- one of the great singles of the 1990s, but a standard only in Europe, and largely unknown in America. While it's played on Has Been with a knowing wink, the song itself is intended to be funny: in Jarvis Cocker's hands, the wit cut like a blade, while Shatner blusters his way through it, but the difference is in delivery -- Shatner knows what the words mean, and he delivers it with an actor's precision. It's funny, but it's sincere, right down to how Folds brings his idol Joe Jackson in to snarl the chorus, so the cover works as a piece of music, not just as a novelty."

 * I don't know who added the heading, but I'm checking through the revisions and turned up potentially interesting stuff that could go back in. "This made the song famous in markets outside of the United Kingdom and resulted in this cover version becoming the definitive one in the minds of many." was removed by someone in Sweden by the looks of it, correctly IMO because it was vague and unsourced. --Cedderstk 12:37, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

 * PS: I've restored a few paragraphs mostly about other covers that were mostly deleted without explanation. One of the assertions about "Triple J" was deleted with an edit summary of "Triple J spam", but I think ABC and 500,000 listeners is reliable and notable.  Now all we need is to know how it scored before the Shatner version and readers can guess in how many minds the cover became definitive. :)  One final policy actually related to deletion debates to mention is "Google searches are not references"; I'm sure this goes even more for YouTube. --Cedderstk 14:46, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Common People which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RFC bot 11:00, 16 October 2009 (UTC)

Requested move 31 May 2019

The result of the move request was: Move. Cúchullain t/ c 17:07, 20 June 2019 (UTC)

Common People (song) → Common People – This is the most natural disambiguation per WP:DIFFCAPS. Since common people was moved to commoner a few years ago, readers are unlikely to confuse that article with this one. Conifer (talk ) 19:05, 31 May 2019 (UTC) --Relisting. DannyS712 (talk) 03:25, 10 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Oppose whom exactly is removing (song) helping? In ictu oculi (talk) 18:17, 1 June 2019 (UTC)
 * If someone types in "Common People" – both words capitalized! – it's not hard to believe that they are probably looking for the song. Indeed, comparing pages, Common People (song) gets more views than commoner despite its parenthetical disambiguation. So, to answer your question: this move helps the reader, which is why we prefer natural disambiguation when possible. Conifer (talk ) 06:11, 3 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Neutral, but support creating dab page at basename of "Common People". It might be helpful to have a disambiguation page at the basename. Paintspot Infez (talk) 04:35, 10 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Weak support per WP:DIFFCAPS since this is the only topic named with a capital "P". Alternatively per Paintspot we could create a DAB and also list Common People's Newspaper.  Crouch, Swale  ( talk ) 08:15, 10 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Support per nom's argument. The song is the only article with this title and is clearly the primary topic for the capitalised term. PC78 (talk) 14:47, 10 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Strong Oppose Massive built-in ambiguity. People aren't that fussy about caps when searching, & we are wrong to assume they are. Johnbod (talk) 21:53, 15 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Support. Unlike Red Meat, "Common People" is not a highly likely search term for someone looking for the Commoner article. I think WP:DIFFCAPS works quite well here. — Amakuru (talk) 12:26, 18 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Common People


text:
Notes and the Like

Notes and the Like is the second studio album by German indie electronic band Ms. John Soda. It was released on 3 March 2006 by Morr Music.

Reception
At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, Notes and the Like received an average score of 66 based on seven reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.

Ms. John Soda
 * Micha Acher
 * Stefanie Böhm

Additional musicians

 * Thomas Geltinger
 * Elias Giggenbach
 * Johanna Giggenbach
 * Carl Oesterhelt
 * Andreas Gerth – additional programming
 * Aqua Luminus III – Akai MPC
 * Mathis Mayr – cello
 * Wolfgang Schönwetter – horns
 * Stefan Schreiber – flute, saxophone
 * Tobi Weber – viola

Production

 * Michael Heilrath – mixing
 * Ms. John Soda – mixing
 * Mario Thaler – additional recording
 * Nick Webb – mastering

Design
 * Jan Kruse – artwork
 * Gerald von Foris – photography

title: Notes and the Like


text:
Martakert (disambiguation)

Martakert may also refer to:
 * Mardakert District (NKAO), a district of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of the Soviet era Azerbaijan SSR.
 * Martakert Province, a province in the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh, of which Martakert city is the provincial capital.
 * Martakert, the de facto provincial capital of Martakert Province in the Republic of Artsakh. It is also known as Aghdara, by which name it is a part of Tartar District, de jure in Azerbaijan.

title: Martakert (disambiguation)


text:
User:Meetkoby/Fizzle

Fizzle ... Inetimi Felix, Jr. (born January 23, 1992), better known by his stage name FIZZLE, is a Nigerian Born hip hop recording artist, music producer, writer. He is also the founder of EFF NATION Inc

title: User:Meetkoby/Fizzle


text:
WSCW

WSCW (1410 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve South Charleston, West Virginia, United States. The station is owned by L.M. Communications of Kentucky, LLC.

title: WSCW


text:
Talk:Charles S. Singleton

External links modified
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 07:41, 20 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles S. Singleton


text:
Shilansha

Shilansha (Шиланша; Kaitag: Шшиланшша) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kirkinsky Selsoviet, Kaytagsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 82 as of 2010.

Geography
Shilansha is located 33 km southwest of Madzhalis (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kirki and Turaga are the nearest rural localities.

Nationalities
Dargins live there.

title: Shilansha


text:
Francis Pickering

Francis Percy Umfreville Pickering (4 August 1851 – 11 March 1879) was an English cricketer. Pickering was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm underarm fast. He was born at Shipton, Yorkshire, the son of James Henry Shipton, and was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford.

While attending the University of Oxford, Pickering made his first-class debut for Oxford University against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1873 at the Magdalen Ground. In what was his only first-class match for the university, Oxford University won the toss and elected to bat first, making 321/9 declared in their first-innings, with Pickering scoring 9 runs before he was dismissed by Alfred Shaw. The Marylebone Cricket Club responded in their first-innings by making 126 all out, with the Marylebone Cricket Club forced to follow-on in their second-innings, in which they made 255 all out, leaving Oxford University with a target of 61 for victory. The university reached their target with six wickets in hand, however Pickering was dismissed during the chase for 2 runs by Shaw. In that same year he played a first-class match for the Gentlemen of the Marylebone Cricket Club against Kent at the St Lawrence Ground, Canterbury. Kent won the toss and elected to bat first, making 141 all out. The Gentlemen responded to this in their first-innings by making 206 all out, with Pickering scoring 22 runs before he was dismissed by Frederick Stokes. Kent responded in their second-innings by making 171 all out, leaving the Gentlemen with a target of 107 for victory, which they reached with eight wickets in hand.

Pickering made his debut for Sussex in a first-class match against Surrey in 1874 at the County Ground, Hove. He made two further first-class appearances for the county in 1875, both against Kent, with one match played at the Private Banks Sports Ground, Catford Bridge, while the other was played at the County Ground, Hove. In his three first-class appearances for Sussex, he scored 54 runs at an average of 13.50, with a high score of 24. With the ball, he took 8 wickets at a bowling average of 8.00, with best figures of 4/16.

He died at West Chiltington, Sussex, on 11 March 1879. His uncles, Edward Pickering and William Pickering, both played first-class cricket.

title: Francis Pickering


text:
Talk:Hot dog variations

Texas: "Houston Dog" is becoming a Mandela Effect-esque item
The so-called 'Houston Dog' is an item on the menu of one hot dog purveyor in Houston. It is NOT a well-known regional version of a hot dog. Just because one hot dog vendor, with one location, decides to name something 'Houston' does not grant it this sort of status. Look at the citations in the Wiki article for the "Houston Dog" - they all ultimately refer to Yo-yo's hot dogs - the very same vendor who named it. It may very well be tasty (I have not, and will not, try it - it sounds terrible to me), but again, it's one vendor's name.

We have multiple sushi restaurants in the Houston area with things they call 'Houston rolls' or 'Texas Rolls' or even 'NASA rolls', but that doesn't mean they are a de facto recipe for a well known sushi roll - in fact, they are usually different from each and every sushi bar. I submit this is the same thing, just in hot dog format instead of sushi.

As such, let's please remove this food atrocity from the wikipedia article. Almost nobody in the Houston area is familiar with this (4+ million people can't possibly all be wrong). Those who ARE familiar with this 'version' only know it because they have been to this vendor. I do see multiple attempts were made to remove reference to it from the wikipedia article, but it was reinstated for reasons I don't really understand.

We don't really have a special hot dog for our area. we tend to like what we like, whether it be 'old faithful' with 'standard' toppings, or chili and cheese, or 'chicago style' (which IS a recognized set of condiments). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:2C5:847F:EC90:9CAE:3C1:247E:D51B (talk) 17:00, 22 June 2022 (UTC)

 * I was the one who submitted the previous comment, prior to creating my account here. I'd like to do whatever to get rid of that entry Bhahbh (talk) 21:54, 22 June 2022 (UTC)
 * It sounds like a lot of your concern is that the mention of a "Houston Dog" doesn't align with your personal experience. Unfortunately, we can't let our personal experiences guide what is to be included here. If there are citations from reliable sources that suggest such a variety exists, then it is probably worth noting. Besides, what harm is caused by its inclusion? -- Zim Zala Bim talk 22:17, 22 June 2022 (UTC)

 * I think it's a question of whether the citations in the article support the idea that a Houston-style hot dog, as described here, is actually a regional dish -- popular, or at least to be found in a number of different dining establishments -- or instead is confined to one restaurant. If the latter, it should be removed from the article.  So, personal experience need not be a factor.  — Mudwater (Talk) 01:05, 23 June 2022 (UTC)
 * The sources all talk about a hot dog that is the specialty of one restaurant/food truck that hasn’t even been around ten years yet. It’s a specialty of the specific restaurant, not the region. I’m a native Houstonian and I’ve never heard of it, nor do the sources actually support it being an established regional specialty. I ivote that this be deleted. 2600:1700:12C8:10:164:6D13:4090:344C (talk) 12:10, 24 July 2023 (UTC)
 * As a native Houstonian I agree with you that this hot dog is NOT an established regional variety, just the specialty of one obscure business that hasn’t been in operation for even 10 years. The sources don’t actually support the Wikipedia article claim that this is an established regional specialty, and you can be bold and go ahead and delete it, and I would support that action. 2600:1700:12C8:10:164:6D13:4090:344C (talk) 12:15, 24 July 2023 (UTC)

 * It is unclear to me how many actual people are in this discussion, the IP above seems to be agreeing with their own posts? However, after reviewing the sources it is in fact clear that they are all about a single vendor in the Huoston area, and one of the sources does not even appear to mention the "Houston dog". It appears that that vendor is very succesful overall with their twist on the hot dog, but it is not at all clear that anyone beyond this one vendor acknowledges that this is a regional variation on a hot dog, as opposed to a marketing strategy for a single bussiness. I have therefore removed the section. Beeblebrox (talk) 17:14, 24 July 2023 (UTC)
 * I would, as an aside, point out that this is not a Mandela effect situation, where a lot of people simply wrongly believed an event occured, but there is a possibility of citogenesis, where the existence of the term in this article could potantially be used to further legitimize the idea that this is the hot dog people eat in Houston. Beeblebrox (talk) 17:21, 24 July 2023 (UTC)

Brazil Hot Dog Description
What is the green Lint in the Piauí hot dog description? ৳€Ø฿€ƦȺ₡Ⱥƪ৳€Ø฿€ƦȺ₡Ⱥƪ 15:42, 11 November 2023 (UTC)

 * That's a good question as lint is normally not a word that is at all assocsiated with food. I can't find the word "lint" in the somewhat questionable source used as a citation here, so I'm going to just remove it. Beeblebrox (talk) 17:07, 11 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hot dog variations


text:
Anatoly Volin

Anatoly Antonovich Volin (July 22, 1903 – August 2007) was a Soviet statesman and lawyer who served as chairman of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union (1948–1957).

Biography
Born into a large family of fishermen, he was the son and ninth child of Anton Prokhorovich Volin and Irina Ivanovna (née Ganycheva).

From 1920 to 1921, he worked at a fish factory in the city of Temryuk. Since 1921 – chief of the secret part of the headquarters of one of the units of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Member of the Civil War. In 1923–1926, he was a student of the workers' faculty in Krasnodar. Member of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) since October 1925.

Volin graduated from the Law Faculty of the Leningrad State University in 1930. In 1930–1931, he was a post–graduate student at the Communist Academy in Leningrad.

In 1931–1932, he was a teacher and head of a department at Leningrad University, then in 1932, he was transferred to the Autonomous Karelian Socialist Soviet Republic as head of the sector of culture and public education. He headed the department at Petrozavodsk University. In 1933–1935, he was the prosecutor of Petrozavodsk. Since 1935 – assistant to the prosecutor of the Volodarsky District, prosecutor of the Sokolniki District of Leningrad.

From 1937 to 1939 he was Deputy Prosecutor of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. From 1939 to 1948 – Prosecutor of the RSFSR.

From August 1948 to February 1957 – Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union. At the same time, in 1948–1952, he participated in the purges of the justice authorities and organized and supervised judicial panels for the consideration of crimes committed by judges. He was suspended from office in connection with the explanation of the plenum of the Supreme Court about the possibility of restitution of housing to rehabilitated citizens in January 1954, which was soon recognized as erroneous by the leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

1957–1969 – Deputy Chief Arbitrator of the State Arbitration Commission under the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union. He fought for control over the justice authorities.

Since 1969, he has been a personal pensioner of union significance. For several years he worked as a consultant for the magazine "Man and Law".

Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic of the second convocation.

He was buried at the Vvedenskoye Cemetery (section 7).

Perpetuation of memory
In 2010, a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Karelia in memory of the work of Anatoly Volin in the Petrozavodsk City Prosecutor's Office.

title: Anatoly Volin


text:
stir bar

Noun

 * 1)  A short magnetic bar with a covering of, usually, Teflon; used with a magnetic stirrer in laboratory work to stir a chemical solution.

Translations

 * Esperanto: agitilo

title: stir bar