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Harvey McGrath

Sir Harvey Andrew McGrath (born 23 February 1952) is a British business and philanthropy executive. He served as the Chairman of the Man Group from 2000 to 2007 and Prudential plc from 2009 to 2012. He is the co-founder of Revere Capital Advisors, a hedge fund based in New York City and London. He serves as the Chairman of Big Society Capital and Heart of the City, promoting philanthropy in Greater London and the City of London.

Early life
Harvey McGrath was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. He was educated at Methodist College Belfast, a grammar school in Belfast. He joined St Catharine's College, Cambridge, a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in 1971, where he received a Master of Arts degree in geography.

Business career
He started his career as a commodity lender at Chase Manhattan Bank shortly after graduation, first in London, moving to New York City in 1979. He joined the Man Group in 1980, where he worked as treasurer, finance director, and later president of Man Inc., all of which were based in New York City. He then moved back to London to serve as its chief executive from 1990 to 2000, and as its chairman from 2000 to 2007.

He joined the board of directors of Prudential plc in September 2008. He served as its chairman from January 2009 to June 2012. During his tenure, he oversaw a failed bid to acquire AIA Group Limited for £22.6 billion, which was unpopular with the Financial Services Authority and shareholders.

In 2008, he co-founded Revere Capital Advisors, an investment business based in New York City and London, with two of his former Man Group co-workers: Daniel Barnett, formerly Finance Director, and John Kinder, formerly Head of Global Sugar Trading.

Philanthropy
He is the chairman emeritus of the East London Business Alliance and London First. He served as the vice-chairman of the Mayor of London's Skills and Employment Board from 2006 to 2011. He was then appointed by Mayor Boris Johnson as the chairman of the London Development Agency. He was appointed as the co-chair of the Mayor of London's Enterprise Panel in July 2011. He served as a governor of Tower Hamlets College, a college of further education in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. He has supported research into philanthropic activity.

He is a co-founder of New Philanthropy Capital and serves on its board of trustees. In 2014, he became the chair of the Big Society Capital, formerly chaired by Sir Ronald Cohen. He is also the chairman of Heart of the City. Additionally, he is the former chairman of the board of trustees of The Prince's Teaching Institute, one of The Prince's Charities.; former chairman of the board of Governors of Birkbeck, University of London.; former president of the board of trustees of Children and Families Across Borders (CFAB), a non-profit organisation which offers protection to children who are separated from their families overseas.; and former chairman of the board of trustees of the charity icould (www.icould.com) (note 23 below)  website for 12- to 18-year-olds to find out more about job opportunities. He also serves on the advisory board of Bridges Ventures and the Sutton Trust.

He has supported the Integrated Education Fund in Northern Ireland, which builds schools where both Catholic and Protestant schoolchildren are enrolled in an attempt to bridge religious gaps. He has served on the boards of trustees of the Royal Anniversary Trust, which is responsible for the Queen's Anniversary Prize. He has also been a member of the Richard House Society, the philanthropic arm of the Richard House Children's Hospital, and a patron of the Royal Society of Arts. He was the recipient of an honorary degree from Queen's University Belfast in 2008 and a Doctor of the university (DUniv) from the University of Ulster in 2009. He was the recipient of the Beacon Fellowship from the UK Community Foundations for his philanthropic work in 2013.

He has made charitable contributions to his alma mater, the Methodist College Belfast. He has also made charitable contributions to the University of Cambridge and to St Catharine's College. For example, he donated £4 million to improve access for students from disadvantaged backgrounds in 2008. In February 2014, the college unveiled The McGrath Centre, a conference building erected as a result of a significant charitable gift made by McGrath.

With his wife, he has also made charitable contributions to the Unicorn Theatre in the London Borough of Southwark, the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in the City of London, the Almeida Theatre in Islington, the Great Ormond Street Hospital in Bloomsbury, and the National Portrait Gallery, London. They also made a charitable gift to the Lyric Theatre, Belfast, which led to the dedication of the McGrath Suite, named in their honour.

McGrath was knighted in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to economic growth and public life.

Personal life
He is married to Allison McGrath. As of 2014, he was worth an estimated £100 million.

title: Harvey McGrath


text:
User:Jnhowie/be bold

Being bold is important on Wikipedia. Being bold is important on Wikipedia.

Being "'Bold"' is important on Wikipedia.

Being bold is important on Wikipedia.

"'bold"' = bold

bold = bold

[[boldness | "'bold"' ]] = bold

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Jnhowie/be bold


text:
IB Cultural Anthropology/The Nature of Anthropology/Collecting Data

After one has chosen a site and culture to study, one must collect data and write a good, clean description of the culture. There are several ways to collect data about a culture:
 * Participant observation
 * Interviews
 * Focus groups
 * Surveys.

Participant Observation
Participant observation is by far the most important technique to collect data, and indeed it is fundamental to modern anthropology. Participant observation underlies many of the other techniques of gathering data. Participant observation is what its name implies- learning about a culture by observing and interacting with it. For example, one might observe members of a group eating food a certain way. You then imitate this to see if it provokes a positive response (since you would now be eating food correctly). Through this method, you have learned more of how members of that culture eat.

Interviews
Interviews are a more structured form of participant observation. One learns of the culture by questioning informants. An anthropologist will have a key informant who is responsible for most of the information the anthropologist learns. There are two different types of interviews- structured and unstructured. If an anthropologist asks every informant the same question, the interview is structured. In unstructured interviews (the more common of the two), the anthropologist may begin with the same question, but will let the conversation take its course, so the topic can end up at any aspect of the culture.

Focus Groups & Surveys
Focus groups and surveys are rarer in anthropology. Focus groups are rather like structured interviews, but instead of a one-on-one conversation with the anthropologist, the focus group consists of six to eight people. Surveys are the rarest form of data collection in anthropology because it requires that the studied people be literate.

Security
While collecting data, one must take copious notes, but also must remember to take ethics into account. One might need to use false names or code one’s data some other way. For political and social reasons, anthropology has lots of unpublished data. Whatever technique you use, make sure you are aware you are using it!

Culture Shock
Fieldwork is not easy. When you first live with a new culture, you know nothing of that culture and must adjust. People tend to think you are stupid because you don’t know the basic skills people of that culture know- how to build boats, houses, etc. This inability to perform the proper actions and predict the actions of others creates a rather unpleasant feeling called culture shock. Culture shock lasts for several months, but disappears after you begin to understand the culture better.

Back to The Nature of Anthropology


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/TSRTC Bus timings

The result was speedy delete - Wikipedia is not a directory. — RHaworth (talk · contribs) 12:36, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

TSRTC Bus timings

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

delete per WP:NOTDIRECTORY Deunanknute (talk) 00:10, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete per nom. Obvious this will never be notable unless the TSRTC has the world's fastest bus.--NortyNort (Holla) 01:02, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete - I've tagged it as custom (Fails WP:NOTTRAVEL), Anyone with any common sense would rely on a bus timetable....Not an Encyclopedia!, This isn't in any way encyclopedic nor useful here. – Davey 2010 Talk 04:00, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete per CSD A1. Clearly no context at all. I declined the speedy deletion tag placed by the other user as not a valid criteria. Safiel (talk) 04:40, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Well it is a valid criteria as I've used it hundreds of times without any problems...... – Davey 2010 Talk 04:42, 11 February 2015 (UTC)


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Ben Brown (blogger)

Ben Brown (born January 25, 1978, in San Francisco, California, United States) is a co-founder of the social networking website Consumating. Raised in Derwood, Maryland, he attended Colonel Zadok A. Magruder High School, he began attending the University of Maryland in 1996 but did not complete his degree in English and instead dropped out in 2000 in order to pursue personal interests.

Publishing
Ben has been a co-founder of several zines including FlabJab, TEETH, and Über. His personal website http://benbrown.com/ has been in existence since 1997 and has at times served as an outlet for his creative works of fiction, as a personal blog, and also as a connecting reference for his software and literary publications.

In 2001 he co-founded an "ultra-micro-mini" publishing company with James Stegall named So New Media and used it to create and publish the literary magazine Words! Words! Words! as well as the public performance venue Bookpunk.

Internet
In 1999, Brown co-founded the Deepleap website which provided an extensible utility for searching and interacting with various websites, social bookmarking, and eventually user-generated XML feeds for creating custom web applications. The site shut down in late 2000 for financial reasons.

In 2001, he moved to New Zealand where he was on the team that created an online tool for the certification of milk and dairy exports for the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. While in New Zealand, he was also hired to write episodes of a popular children's television show, Squirt.

In 2002, he and Adam Mathes created the Personals sub-section on their zine Über, which served as the initial foundation for and was eventually renamed to Consumating.

Ben served as founding editor for the Austinist social event blog beginning in early 2005. In late December of that year, he announced the CNET purchase of Consumating, ceased work with Austinist, and moved to San Francisco to work on Consumating with Josh Goldberg.

On April 3, 2007, Ben announced he was leaving CNET and Consumating to work on a next-generation community site with extreme programmer Robert Swirsky.

In November 2018, Ben announced he had sold XOXCO, the Howdy chatbot, and the Botkit open source framework to Microsoft.

title: Ben Brown (blogger)


text:
ellagic acid

Noun

 * 1)  A polyphenol antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables including raspberries, strawberries, cranberries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranates and other plant foods.

title: ellagic acid


text:
гобино

Etymology
, itself a borrowing from.

Noun

 * 1) fruit
 * 2) abundance

Related terms

 * (alternative variant)
 * (to bear fruit)
 * (fertility)
 * (to live in abundance)

title: гобино


text:
Anna Tucker

Anna Tucker (née Moskalyk, 1920- February 16, 2012) was a civil servant and administrator who served as the director of the Division of Women and Children, and, later, the Director of Elderly Affairs for the state of Rhode Island. She also served as Director of the National Association of State Units on Aging (now Advancing States) and served on the board of directors for the Muscular Dystrophy Association and on the Rhode Island Women's Commission. She was inducted in the Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame in 1981. The Anna Tucker Women's Athletic Scholarship at the University of Rhode Island was named in her honor.

Awards
1971, University of Rhode Island Distinguished Alumni Award

1980, Rhode Island Woman of the Year

1981, Who's Who of American Women

1981, Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame

1993, Robert W. McCreanor Senior Service Award, Rhode Island Department of Elderly Affairs

title: Anna Tucker


text:
Ada Programming/Delimiters/right label

The right label ">>" is used to define labels for the statements.

For details see the chapter Ada Programming/Control - goto.

Wikibook

 * Ada Programming
 * Ada Programming/Delimiters
 * Ada Programming/Delimiters/left label

Ada Reference Manual

|>>

title: Ada Programming/Delimiters/right label


text:
Talk:My Name Is Anna Magnani

External links modified (February 2018)
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:59, 9 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:My Name Is Anna Magnani


text:
SP!RE

SP!RE is a high-rise condominium building located at 70 Adelaide Street East at Church Street in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada by Context Developments. Construction was completed in 2007.

The structure was designed by Peter Clewes of architectsAlliance and is 145 metres tall with 322 suites (from 42 m2 to 228 m2) in 45 floors.

Education
The tower has been assigned to the following schools in the Toronto District School Board:
 * Elementary and Intermediate: Market Lane Public School (Kindergarten through 8th Grade)
 * Secondary: Jarvis Collegiate Institute
 * Technical: Central Technical School
 * Commercial: West Toronto Collegiate Institute or Northern Secondary School (Residents may attend either school)

The closest post-secondary institutions are George Brown College, Toronto Metropolitan University, OCAD University and University of Toronto.

title: SP!RE


text:
Talk:Carolyn Cowan

External links modified
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title: Talk:Carolyn Cowan


text:
Top-rated United States television programs of 2009–10

This table displays the top-rated primetime television series of the 2009–10 season as measured by Nielsen Media Research.


text:
Wikiversity talk:Browse/Concept

The goal of this page is to make the browse section of Wikiversity more navigable and useful. --Remi 00:16, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

time to move to the actual browse page?
Is it time to start thinking about moving it to the browse page as the concept is currently (6 April 2008)? --Remi 07:52, 7 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Seems redundant; why do we need a general "Departments" and then "Topical Departments" both? We should have one or the other.  The Jade Knight (d'viser) 05:45, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity talk:Browse/Concept


text:
Wheeland

Wheeland is a town on Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands. As of 2012 it had a population of 3,210.

Wheeland is located between Blue Hills and Northwest Point. There are two residential neighborhoods in the area: Millennium Heights and Wheeland Settlement. The Wheeland Pond is the site of a former sand quarry. Traditionally the main industries in Wheeland were lumber harvesting and ship salvaging.

title: Wheeland


text:
Talk:Wind-up toy

I can find no convincing independent reference to Karel Grod on the internet, and am suspicious that no such person existed. With one slight exception, all references on the net appear to be verbatim or near-verbatim copies from this Wikipedia article itself. The exception is this http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780596802486.do you

which is a computer/technical manual by Michael Margolis, published in 2011, called 'Arduino Cookbook' which in its Colophon sketches a very brief history of mechanical toy-making including a mention of 'Karel Grod'. However, Margolis's focus being technical rather than historical causes me to wonder if he hasn't also gleaned this snippet of information (in 2011) from this Wikipedia article (written in 2008). I'd be grateful if someone had more information on this matter. (Stapletongrey (talk) 02:06, 17 December 2012 (UTC))

Inconsistency
Is it "wind-up", "windup" or "wind up"? Jbaylor (talk) 20:27, 29 March 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wind-up toy


text:
Talk:Don Duguid

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130930024117/http://www.halloffame.mb.ca/honoured/1981/1971Duguid.htm to http://www.halloffame.mb.ca/honoured/1981/1971Duguid.htm

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title: Talk:Don Duguid


text:
User:Babylavo

babylavo is in actual fact ayanda shongwe born in nelspruit mpumalanga. she is a fun,kind,loving,spontaneous, viby and outgoing person. being around you can make your day. facebook profile name is ayanda youngblood shongwe and she is @gloryayanda on twitter so holla at me

title: User:Babylavo


text:
Using PHPEclipse/Installation/Installing Java

The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is used to run all programs written in the Java programming language. Java 2 is required to run both Eclipse and PHPEclipse. Chances are that you will already have this installed. If not, or if you are not sure, visit Sun's Java Download Site, which will provide you with what you need (or inform you if you already have Java 2) for any operating system.

If you are using a platform with its own software management system (such as many linux distributions), you may wish to use your package management system to install Java rather than the Sun download site.

Third party Java Runtime Environments (such as Blackdown) are also available, and may well run this software. Feedback on this is welcome. Our current experience is that Blackdown will not successfully run Eclipse (under Gentoo Linux, Nov 2004).

Up | Back | Next


text:
US History/Bush Clinton

1988 Election
Having been badly defeated in the 1984 presidential election, the Democrats were eager to find a new approach to win the presidency. They felt more optimistic this time due to the large gains in the 1986 mid-term election which resulted in the Democrats taking back control of the Senate after six years of Republican rule. Among the field of candidates were the following:

 * Bruce E. Babbitt, former governor of Arizona
 * Joseph R. Biden Jr., U.S. senator from Delaware
 * Michael S. Dukakis, governor of Massachusetts
 * Richard A. "Dick" Gephardt, U.S. representative from Missouri
 * Albert A. Gore Jr., U.S. senator from Tennessee
 * Gary W. Hart, former U.S. senator from Colorado
 * Rev. Jesse L. Jackson, civil rights activist
 * Paul M. Simon, U.S. senator from Illinois
 * Patricia Schroeder, Senator from Colorado

Reagan's Vice President, George Herbert Walker Bush, easily defeated Senator Bob Dole of Kansas and televangelist Pat Robertson for the Republican presidential nomination. Dole, at first, had a significant lead in polls. Bush selected Senator James Danforth (Dan) Quayle of Indiana to be his running mate. The Democrats, after an exhausting primary season, selected Governor Michael Dukakis of Massachusetts as their nominee. The 1988 election was the first time television was used as the primary method of voter mobilization.

During his acceptance speech for the Republican party nomination, Bush said, famously, "Read my lips: no new taxes." Bush assailed his opponent for being soft on crime and insinuated that he lacked patriotism. Specifically, he criticized his unconditional opposition to the death penalty, and his opposition to the proposed law that would require students to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. He also blamed Dukakis for the pollution in Boston harbor. Dukakis lacked experience in national politics and failed to effectively counter Bush's assaults.

Bush won the election with 48.9 million votes (53.4%) against Dukakis's 41.8 million. Carrying 40 states, Bush won in the Electoral College 426 votes to 112.

The campaign's harsh tone repelled voters. It was described as the nastiest election in modern times. Voter turnout was the lowest since 1924.

Exxon Valdez oil spill
On March 24 1988 the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound Alaska. It is considered one of the worst oil spills in American history, behind only the Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 in terms of volume. The economic and environmental damage it caused to Alaska was staggering.

Social Changes of the 1990s
The population continued to grow to over 250 million by 1990. The total had nearly quadrupled in a century and was more than double the population during the first election of Franklin Roosevelt. Medical advances brought the life expectancy to a record high. The Hispanic population grew five times as fast as the rest of the population and began to emerge as a political force.

Left-over changes from the countercultural revolution of the 1960s and 1970s were apparent. "Laid-back" attitudes toward dress, language, and sexual freedom were among these left-over changes. A new tolerance was especially prevalent in what had been historically the most sensitive of all problems for Americans - sex. Ninety-five percent of males and over 80 percent of females between 18 and 24 acknowledged premarital intercourse.

Drugs remained popular as well. While LSD fell out of fashion, marijuana remained popular. "Crack," a cheap and powerful derivative of cocaine, displaced heroin.

The rise of the Moral Majority continued - dismay over crimes, drugs, and drinking was widespread. States raised the drinking age and cracked down on drunk driving. The people revolted against cigarette smoking, and many states and communities began to ban smoking in public places.

The campaign against sexual promiscuity received unexpected support due to the discovery of AIDS.Most politicians were slow to devote resources to combating AIDS, in part because it was initially perceived as a "gay mans disease" which did not threaten other Americans.

Generation X is the name given to people born between the 1960s up to 1982. The term was penned by author Douglas Coupland in 1991 when he released his era defining Generation X. Coupland wrote of mid-twenty characters who were going through “quarter-life crisis.”  In the book Coupland discussed how his generation faced looming threats of nuclear war which made forming meaningful relationships meaningless. He also discussed how major corporations such as McDonald's provided a shared state of consumerism which formed a new zone of comfort. By pointing out major social problems such as AIDS, depression, and sexuality Coupland helped define an entire generation.

The World Changes
The universal oppression in Communist nations and the failure of Communist economies led to growing disenchantment with Communism. Communist regimes began collapsing across the world. Under Mikhail Gorbachev, head of the Communist Party and later President of the USSR, the Soviet Union began to crumble. He was unable to prevent the secession of the Baltic states, and communist hard-liners led an unsuccessful coup that nonetheless demonstrated the loss of most of Gorbachev's stature. Boris Yeltsin, a leader in the resistance against the coup, later became president of the Russian Federation. The Soviet parliament soon adjourned forever, and Gorbachev resigned. The world was at last free of the Cold War.

With the Soviet Union out of Central America and the neutralization of Castro due to the Union's demise, Bush was slowly able to advance American objectives in that region.

The decline of the Soviet Union also left the United States with increased influence in the Middle East. Bush was eager to serve peace by persuading Israel to return the Arab lands it seized in 1967. The Administration was also committed to sustaining the flow of inexpensive oil from the Persian Gulf.

Desert Shield
Under Saddam Hussein, Iraqi forces invaded and quickly gained control of Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Bush immediately denounced the invasion as "naked aggression" and banned trade with Iraq, froze all Iraqi assets within the United States, and dispatched an aircraft-carrier group to the Persian Gulf. The UN Security Council unanimously condemned the invasion and demanded the withdrawal of Iraqi forces from Kuwait. On August 15, with the first American soldiers on their way to the Persian Gulf, Bush told Americans that Operation Desert Shield was under way to protect "access to energy resources" and thus "our jobs, our way of life." Most Americans supported the war. American troops began to build up in Saudi Arabia. On November 29 the Security Council authorized the use of "all necessary means" to expel Iraqi troops if they had not left Kuwait by January 15, 1991. Bush was assailed by the media and Democrats for sending 400,000 troops to the Persian Gulf without consulting Congress, for making war seem unavoidable, and for creating crisis in order to draw attention from the faltering economy.

On January 12, 1991, in a largely partisan vote, both chambers - the House 250 to 183, the Senate 53 to 46 - authorized Bush "to use United States armed forces" pursuant to the UN Security Council resolution.

Operation Desert Storm

The U.S. and its coalition overwhelmed its enemy. From the start, the coalition had total command of the air. Within days, Iraqi communication systems, air bases, and antiaircraft defenses were obliterated by aircraft. Americans were quickly attacking strategic targets - power plants, bridges, and chemical, nuclear, and biological weapons facilities. From day eight, coalitions planes devastated the Iraqi army. On the second day, Hussein fired Scud missiles at Israel and Saudi Arabia, but none caused major damage. In late January the Iraqi release of thousands of gallons of Kuwaiti oil into the Persian Gulf polluted the waters of that area.

Bush warned Hussein that the coalition would force him out if he had not begun withdrawal by February 24. Coalition forces placed Iraqi forces in a squeeze they could not escape. Notably, fleeing Iraqi forces were attacked from the air, in an event that would later be known as the Highway of Death. The After 100 hours of ground warfare, Kuwait had been liberated, and the Baghdad area was besieged. The coalition had destroyed some 4,000 Iraqi tanks, more than 1,000 armored vehicles, and about 3,000 artillery pieces. In comparison, the coalition had lost only 4 tanks, 9 other vehicles, and 1 cannon. About 100,000 Iraqi troops were killed, and the coalition had suffered less than 200 deaths.

However, Saddam was still in control. Soon after the cease-fire, the Iraqi army put down a Shiite rebellion and forced Kurds in Iraq to flee to Iran and Turkey. United Nations inspections began. The media did little to inform Americans about the destruction of the Iraqi infrastructure, the foundation of a modernizing society, or about the millions of people left without electricity, running water, or sewage. Another concern was Hussein might also have wanted to invade Saudi Arabia. This was a huge concern because of the rich oil in Saudi Arabia. This would have given Hussein a huge and valuable resource for his army. The collaboration with Saudi Arabia and the United States made Hussein very angry. He thought it as cowardly.

Back to Usual Politics
Bush was closely aligned to Ronald Reagan in regard to social issues after his two terms as vice-president. As a Republican congressman from Texas, he was pro-choice, but when he ran for president, he opposed abortion, and he endorsed Supreme Court decisions weakening affirmative action in hiring and promotion. He consistently tried to make appointments to federal courts of judges that shared his own views about the First Amendment, abortion, and affirmative action. Bush named David Souter to replace Justice William Brennan on the Supreme Court, and he named Clarence Thomas to replace Justice Thurgood Marshall.

Bush called himself "the education president" and "the environment president." Bush called for a controversial program that would allow public money to follow children to public schools but it was not acted upon. Bush appointed performed and committed conservationists to the Environmental Protection Agency. At times he would take the side of business, and at other times he would take the side of ecologists. In 1989 he signed a law to ease the effects of acid rain, mandating a gradual 50 percent reduction in sulfur emissions from power plants burning coal, and it also required the automobile industry to increase gradually the production of cars using fuels other than gasoline or diesel oil. In 1991, Bush put forward an energy plan to open for exploration the Arctic Wildlife Refuge, some other Alaskan areas, and the continental shelf off the coasts of California and the Gulf of Mexico.

During 1989, economic growth in the United States slowed, and by the second half of 1990, most economists considered the economy in recession. Bush again proposed, as he had in 1989, lowering the capital gains tax, but Congressional Democrats balked. During talks, the White House backed down on capital gains and the two sides agreed on a budget package that included a steep increase in excise taxes, a small increase in Medicare charges, and a cut in Medicare spending. However, members of both parties in Congress rejected the solution. Finally, on October 29, 1991, the Congress at last approved an acceptable compromise. It lifted the top surtax rate from 28 to 31 percent, gradually phased out income-tax exemptions for upper-income taxpayers, and raised the tax on gasoline, cigarettes, and beer. It also imposed a luxury tax on expensive automobiles, boats, furs, and jewelry, and raised Medicare premiums. The Democrats committed Congress for five years to reduce expenditures both for the military and domestically. After the quick victory in the Persian Gulf, the administration anticipated a quick return of national growth, but the GNP did not pick up. Unemployment reached a four year high.

Rodney King
As police cracked down on gangs and Crack Cocaine users, tensions began to mount between police and urban communities. On April 29, 1992, the tensions reached their tipping point. A year earlier, Los Angeles resident Rodney King was pulled over and beaten by Los Angeles police. King, who had a history of drug and alcohol problems, initially led the police on a high speed chase going over 110 mph. When the chase finally came to an end, King attempted to flee from officers. Four white male officers pursued and brought down King. But instead of simply apprehending and cuffing King the four officers proceeded to kick and use batons to beat King within an edge of his life. To many urban Americans the police brutality did not seem unfamiliar, with countless others facing similar treatment. The reason Rodney King's story was different was because a bystander, George Holliday, captured the assault on video. After news networks got hold of the video millions of Americans demanded for the officers to be jailed. When the officers finally were charged and faced trial the entire nation watched on. Then, on April 29, 1992, all four officers were acquitted of all charges. Urban Americans and the African Americans of Los Angeles were enraged. Within hours of the verdict fires were started, homes and stores were looted, and people began being attacked all across Los Angeles. The riots were filmed by news networks and broadcast nationwide. No matter how many police squads were released the rioting raged on. The riots lasted for nearly a week as blacks expressed their angst over a continued oppression in America, an inequality between race, and an unwillingness by society to recognize and act on urban problems. The riots also caused strife between the local African American and Korean American communities. Over the week long riots 53 people were killed and over a billion dollars in damages was caused.

The Election of 1992
As the election campaign of 1992 began, the incumbent President, George Bush, held a commanding lead in the polls, over any and all potential rivals. Bush had been the Commander- In -Chief presiding over the most decisive American military victory since World War II, the Gulf War. Most of the leading democratic candidates declined to run. After a long primary process Bill Clinton, the then governor of Arkansas, was selected as the Democratic candidate.

Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas became the apparent leader among the Democratic candidates for the 1992 election. By late April, Clinton had a commanding lead and delegates and was running evenly with Bush in public opinion polls. Rioting in central Los Angeles arose following the verdict of a suburban jury that found Los Angeles policemen not guilty of using undue force in beating a black motorist they had arrested.

From the time of the Democratic convention, Governor Clinton obtained a commanding lead in the polls over Bush. Bush's campaign was hobbled by troubled economy. The campaign revolved primarily around economic issues. The end of the cold war, which the Republicans took credit for, perversely worked against them. No longer could they use the issue of "Do you trust the Democrats to stand up to the Russians" against them. The third party candidacy of Ross Perot was a true wild card in the campaign.

The polls showed extreme disenchantment with both candidates, and H. Ross Perot, a Texas billionaire, organized a run as a Reform Party nominee. Perot appealed to conservatives by speaking out against taxes, deficits, and adultery, but he was pro-choice and had a tolerant attitude toward homosexuality. He also appealed to traditionally Democratic voters by being an outspoken opponent of NAFTA (a free-trade agreement). He remained evasive about his economic and social agenda, and becoming uncomfortable with the probings of the media, he withdrew from the election, only to return in October. Perot's entrance into the race reflected the impatience of the electorate with politics and their dissatisfaction with the major parties. Perot was also able to gain such a level of support because he was allowed to participate in all three Presidential debates. Incumbents at every level were worried, and an unprecedented number of members of Congress chose not to seek reelection. Bush and Quayle stressed "family values." Bush called for across-the-board tax cuts, and public opinion polls revealed the closeness of the race.

The Clinton camp began to use the famous slogan "It's the economy, stupid!" and he was successful in presenting his theme of change. Clinton won an overwhelming majority in the Electoral College (370 to 168) but received only 43 percent of the popular vote.

William Jefferson Clinton
President of the United States of America. William Jefferson Clinton was born on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas, a small town with a population of about 8,000. His father, William Jefferson Blythe, died in a car crash several months before Clinton was born, leaving him in the care of his mother, Virginia Cassidy Blythe. In order to provide for her son, Virginia moved to New Orleans, Louisiana, to complete two years of nursing school, while Clinton stayed with his grandparents, Eldridge and Edith Cassidy. Clinton's grandparents were strict disciplinarians who instilled in him the importance of a good education. "My grandparents had a lot to do with my early commitment to learning," he later recalled. "They taught me to count and read. I was reading little books when I was three."

William Jefferson Clinton became the 42nd President of the United States in 1992, signaling a generational change. He was the first Democrat in over 50 years to win a second term and presided over the longest peace time economic expansion in history. He was an activist, progressive president (of a breed of politicians which he called the "New Democrats") who stayed constantly surrounded by controversy.

Bill Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe in Hope, Arkansas and was raised in Hot Springs, Arkansas. In 1950, Clinton's mother remarried to Roger Clinton, Clinton's natural father having been killed in an automobile accident, three months before his son's birth. Roger Clinton was an alcoholic gambler who would beat his wife and Clinton's half-brother also named Roger.

Clinton's Domestic Agenda
Clinton had a very progressive agenda, which included ending the recession of the early 90s, health care reforms, and domestic reforms. Clinton, working with the Republican Congress, helped narrow the deficit by cutting spending and increasing taxes on the wealthiest Americans. On the issue of health care, Clinton wanted to stop the rising costs of health care and provide the estimated 39 million uninsured Americans with health insurance. He created a task force, headed by his wife, Hillary Clinton, to deal with the problem, but critics attacked the plan. They worried that the plan was too expensive and too complicated. Congress would never vote on Clinton's plan, and his health care effort would die.

Clinton was able to succeed in other efforts, though. Despite opposition, Clinton was able to pass the Brady Bill (named after James Brady, who was crippled after being shot in the Ronald Reagan assassination attempt), which created a mandatory waiting period in which gun vendors could check a buyer's criminal background before a buyer could receive his gun. A 1994 crime bill complemented the bill by banning 19 kinds of assault weapons and creating 100,000 new police jobs.

Clinton was also able to push Congress to pass the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), despite strong opposition from labor unions (which, ironically, are the strongest source of Democrat support). The agreement would provide lower costs for consumers in many markets, due to increased trading with Mexico and Canada.

The Third Way
Clinton is a supporter of the Third Way, or Radical center, a centrist political philosophy of governance that embraces a mix of market and interventionist philosophies. The Third Way rejects both socialism and laissez-faire approaches to economic governance, but chiefly stresses technological development, education, and competitive mechanisms to pursue economic progress and governmental objectives. Third way philosophies have been described as a synthesis of capitalism and socialism by its proponents.

In the United States, Third Way adherents emphasize fiscal conservatism, some replacement of welfare with workfare, and a stronger preference for market solutions to traditional problems (as in pollution markets), while rejecting pure laissez-faire economics and other libertarian positions. The Third Way style of governing was firmly adopted and partly redefined during the Administration of President Bill Clinton.

After Tony Blair came to power in the UK, Clinton, Blair and other leading Third Way adherents organized conferences to promote the Third Way in 1997 at Chequers in England. The Democratic Leadership Council are adherents of Third Way politics.

In 2004, several veteran U.S. Democrats founded a new Washington, DC organization entitled Third Way, which bills itself as a "strategy center for progressives." John Kerry of 2004 U.S. Democrats Presidential candidate is also considered to be third way politician, as are 2008 U.S. Democratic candidates Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama.

Keeping Peace
During the Clinton administration, keeping peace in other parts of the world was a priority. When the President of Haiti, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, was overthrown by violent dictators, Clinton sent troops to Haiti to pressure the new dictators to step down and to help slow the tidal wave of Hatian refugees fleeing to Florida. They did step down, and Aristide's power was restored.

Another challenge to peace was a bloody civil war that had erupted in Yugoslavia, part of the Balkan peninsula in Europe. Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, and Croatia all declared independence from Yugoslavia, but many Serbs (from Serbia, a part of Yugoslavia) still lived in those areas, and Yugoslavia fought to hold onto parts of Bosnia and Croatia. As America became aware of the atrocities of the war, Clinton arranged peace talks in Dayton, Ohio, and the Serbs, the Croats, and the Bosnians signed a peace agreement in December 1995. Eventually, another conflict would arise in the region during Clinton's second term.

1994 Midterm Elections
During the 1994 midterm Congressional elections, Republicans presented a plan called the "Contract with America." The contract detailed the actions Republicans would take upon becoming the majority party in Congress. This charge was led by Newt Gingrich. The GOP plan was a success, winning the Republicans a majority in the House for the first time in 40 years, and a Republican majority in the Senate. The massive success became known as the Republican Revolution.

In retrospect, the Republicans' dramatically large gains can be attributed to many things. A larger than average number of incumbents retired, and thus there was a larger number of open seat races, which are far easier to switch parties. Additionally, the previously Democratic-controlled House had been plagued by a scandal since before the 1992 election. The scandal implicated far more Democrats than Republicans and can in part be blamed for the large number of open seats. Historians and political scientists also point to President Clinton's resounding failure to pass his universal healthcare plan in a Democratic-controlled congress. The plan had been a large part of his 1992 campaign and was to be the cornerstone of his first-term agenda. The defeat likely demoralized Democratic voters, who ended up turning out in low numbers.

1996 Election
Clinton easily won Democratic renomination in 1996. His opponent was Kansas senator Bob Dole, who had served in Congress since 1961. Dole claimed that he could lower taxes by 15 percent and that Clinton was an unethical president. Clinton said that Dole would ruin the environment and reverse the progress that Clinton had made with Medicare. Ross Perot ran again; he did not qualify for the debates, but put on infomercials.

Clinton won the election in a near-landslide, while Perot received far fewer votes than he did in 1992. Despite Clinton's victory, Democrats did not fare well in the congressional elections. Republicans gained two seats in the Senate, giving them a 55-45 majority. Even though Democrats gained 11 seats in the House, Republicans still held a 226-207 majority. Independents held two seats. Republicans had total control of Congress.

Conflict in Kosovo
After 1995, it seemed that things would stay relatively quiet in the Balkans. But a series of events would lead to rampant political instability within Yugoslavia and eventually a civil war. Kosovo, a province of Serbia (which was a part of Yugoslavia) was home to a large number of Albanians (from the neighboring Albania), who were actually the ethnic majority in the area. In the late eighties and early nineties, the Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic passed laws that eliminated Kosovo's constitutional rights and oppressed Albanians. In 1991, Kosovo voted to break away from Yugoslavia. Although Yugoslavia claimed that the vote was illegal, things in the area stayed relatively quiet until April 1996, when a mysterious organization known as the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) began attacking Serbian civilians.

Eventually, the attacks on civilians caused hundreds of thousands of people to flee Kosovo. Serbians viewed the KLA as a group of terrorists, and retaliated. As the violence became bloodier and bloodier, more and more refugees began to flee into Macedonia, and tensions between the refugee Albanians and the native Macedonian Slavs grew, and a possible civil war loomed. A civil war in Macedonia would have been catastrophic to the already damaged stability and security of the area, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization concluded that intervention was needed.

A coalition of NATO members, headed by the United States, began a bombing campaign on March 24, 1999. The goal of the campaign was to force the Serbs to leave Kosovo so that the Albanian refugees could return to their homes. Initially, the bombing caused a mass Albanian exodus from Kosovo, with the U.N. reporting that over 850,000 Albanians had fled from Kosovo to Albania or Macedonia. Milosevic would not step down until June, when Finnish and Russian negotiators convinced him that NATO was serious in its goal and that Russia (a long time protector of Slavic people) would not step in to protect Yugoslavia. On June 10, the bombings ended, and an occupation of the area by U.N. and NATO peacekeeping troops began. Kosovo lay in ruins and hundreds of thousands of people were displaced.

The Monica Lewinsky Scandal
The Monica Lewinsky Scandal was a scandal involving President Bill Clinton and a young White House intern named Monica Lewinsky. Bill Clinton had a relationship that was sexual in nature with the intern and lied about it in court. The catalyst of the scandal were the tape recordings of Linda Tripp and Lewinsky discussing Lewinsky's relationship with Clinton, conversations recorded by Tripp. Monica Lewinsky was a young twenty two year old who interned at the White House only about two years later her and President Clinton were accused of having an affair. After the news got out President Clinton had a televised speech and stated "I did not have sexual relations with that woman." This caused a huge controversy and many people began to make political jokes using Clinton's bold statement.

Initially, the Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr was investigating President and Mrs. Clinton's role in the Whitewater scandal, which led to the investigation of the Lewinsky affair after Attorney-General Janet Reno granted Starr authority to probe the affair. The incident that led to the advancement of the scandal was the procurement of the tapes of Linda Tripp and Lewinsky discussing her relationship with Clinton, by Starr from Tripp. There does not appear to be any evidence that Starr sought the tapes out or knew of their existence, rather it was perhaps Linda Tripp who handed them over freely to Starr.

On February 12, 1999, the US Senate voted on the Articles of Impeachment requiring a two-thirds majority, or 67 votes, to convict. On Article 1, which charged that the President willfully provided perjurious, false and misleading testimony to the grand jury" in relation to the Paula Jones lawsuit, 45 Senators voted for guilty and removal from Office, and 55 for not-guilty and no removal from Office. On Article II, which charged that the President "prevented, obstructed, and impeded the administration of justice", 50 Senators voted for guilty and 50 for not-guilty. In his testimony, Clinton denied having had an affair with Monica S. Lewinsky, an unpaid intern and later a paid staffer at the White House, in 1995–96. Lewinsky had earlier, in a deposition in the same case, also denied having such a relationship. Kenneth Starr, the independent counsel in the Whitewater case, had previously received tape recordings made by Linda R. Tripp (a former coworker of Lewinsky's) of telephone conversations in which Lewinsky described her involvement with the president. Asserting that there was a “pattern of deception,” Starr obtained from Attorney General Janet Reno permission to investigate the matter.

The president publicly denied having had a relationship with Lewinsky and charges of covering it up. His adviser Vernon Jordan denied having counseled Lewinsky to lie in the Jones case, or having arranged a job for her outside Washington, to help cover up the affair. Hillary Clinton claimed that a “vast right-wing conspiracy” was trying to destroy her husband, while Republicans and conservatives portrayed him as immoral and a liar.

Despite the scandal many still hold firm that Clinton's presidency was a success. He was the first president since the depression to have consecutive quarters without a deficit. His two terms were a success for the economy after George H.W. Bush's tenure. Clinton also avoided any major wars. Kosovo was the largest military action, but did not involve ground troops.

Oklahoma City Bombing

At 9:02 a.m. on April 19, 1995, a truck bomb exploded near the Alfred P. Murrah federal building in Oklahoma City, pulverizing nearly the entire north face of the 9-story building into dust and rubble. It took weeks of sorting through debris to find the victims. 168 people were killed, including 19 children, as the building housed a day-care center. This was the deadliest act of terrorism on US soil until September 11, 2001.

Although militant groups based in the Middle East were initially seen as the likely perpetrators, a native-born white American named Timothy McVeigh was soon arrested and charged with the crime. McVeigh, a veteran of the Persian Gulf War, would subsequently be put on trial and sentenced to death. Also implicated in the crime was McVeigh's army friend Terry Nichols, who was convicted in a separate trial and sentenced to life in prison. The attack was said to be motivated in part by the siege in Waco, Texas, which culminated in a fire which killed 80 Branch Davidians on April 19, 1993. This was said to be McVeigh's reason for attacking on April 19.

In September 1994, McVeigh purchased large amounts of fertilizer (ammonium nitrate) and then stored it in a rented shed in Herington, Kansas. The ammonium nitrate was the main ingredient for the bomb. McVeigh and Nichols reportedly stole other supplies needed to complete the bomb from a quarry in Marion, Kansas.

On April 17, 1995, McVeigh reportedly rented a Ryder truck, and on the following day he and Nichols reportedly loaded the Ryder truck with approximately 5,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate fertilizer. McVeigh related to biographers that on the morning of April 19, he drove the Ryder truck to the Murrah Federal Building, lit the bomb's fuse, parked in front of the building, left the keys inside the truck and locked the door, then walked across the parking lot to an alley, and started to jog.

McVeigh was executed by lethal injection on June 11, 2001. In a direct quote McVeigh stated that he was "sorry" people died - but added, "That's the nature of the beast."

Questions persist regarding the full extent of the conspiracy to bomb the Murrah building. Although McVeigh and Nichols were the only ones ever charged with the attack, and Nichols was by all accounts at home in Kansas at the time of the actual blast, several witnesses reported seeing McVeigh in the company of at least one other person on the morning of the bombing. A "John Doe" was reportedly seen exiting the Ryder truck after it was parked next to the building. As well, Nichols was known to have traveled to the Philippines on at least five occasions, and was reported by one witness to have met there with international terrorist Ramzi Yousef, who was himself later arrested and convicted of masterminding the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center in New York City. More generally, those who argue for a wider conspiracy question whether McVeigh and Nichols working by themselves had the ability to produce such a large and powerful explosive device.

Columbine High School Massacre
On April 20, 1999, Colorado's Columbine High School was the site of a deadly rampage by two students, who killed twelve classmates, a teacher, and themselves; approximately twenty-three others were injured. While school shootings were not unknown in the U.S., this level of carnage stood out at the time. The assailants were eighteen-year-old Eric Harris and seventeen-year-old Dylan Klebold, who had reportedly planned the attack for a year with hopes of killing hundreds. In addition to firearms, Klebold and Harris brought many explosive devices to the scene, including two propane bombs meant to detonate in the cafeteria during the lunch period. Though there were minor explosions, all fifteen deaths resulted from gunshots. The killers left behind videos in which they discussed their deadly plans and target practiced with old bowling pins. This massacre raised a lot of concern over youth violence and access to guns.

Technology
Personal computers continued to gain popularity during the 1990's, especially with the rise of the world wide web and internet access. Email and instant messaging became popular.

The 1990's saw the first digital cell phones, which were much more affordable and smaller than their analog predecessors. Digital Cameras also emerged on the mass consumer market, allowing people to ditch film for more convenient digital files, though it would be some time before they were considered a quality replacement for film.

Legislation and government efforts affecting digital civil rights started to become notable during the 1990's, with the Clipper chip and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act being notable examples of government action taken during this time.

GPS became fully operational in 1995, allowing for anyone to know precisely where they were anywhere on the planet with a good view of the sky.

In 1997 IBM's Deep Blue computer beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov after loosing its first game in 1996 during widely publicized games.

The end of the 1990's saw the launch of the international space station, a multinational collaboration between the American, Russian, European, and Japanese space agencies.

The Year 2000 problem was expected to cause massive computer failures, causing many organizations to overhaul their computer systems. Little happened once the year 2000 came along, possibly as a result of the massive effort to patch systems.

title: US History/Bush Clinton


text:
User:CQ/THD

THD is an acronym for Turkey Herding Deer, the name of a developing eco-farm in Southern Illinois, USA. owned by my friend Crystal. I am collecting research materials and resources for a long-term project to plan and build the eco-farm which we hope will someday turn into a full-featured ecovillage. This page is here to document our adventures. .

Other Sites
THD EcoFarm and Agroecology online:
 * THD at the Ecovillage Wiki
 * THD at LocalHarvest
 * CQ at ASAP
 * CQ at WikiEducator

Learning resources
Renewable energy

Wikipedia
Portal:Agriculture
 * Agriculture
 * Agroecology
 * Agroforestry
 * Cultivation

Wikiversity
School:Agriculture
 * Agriculture
 * Agroecology
 * Agroforestry
 * Cultivation

School:Engineering
 * Renewable energy systems

About THD
The purpose and mission of Turkey Herding Deer eco-farm and research center is to demonstrate how Humans can create a built environment that interfaces well to the natural environment. The facility is to become a testbed for study, demonstration and experimentation:
 * Keyline Design principles and cultivation
 * Discovering Wildlife and responsibly managing its habitat
 * Understanding the edge effect between developed and wild environments
 * Demonstrating Green building and Agroecology
 * Developing Renewable energy resources (solar, wind, hydrodynamic, geothermal)
 * Hydrology and watershed management
 * Permaculture, organic farming, community-supported agriculture, etc.
 * fully open to ideas

The plan is to engage the THD land in a long-term program of soil-building, permaculture, watershed management and an array of other Earth-friendly practices that could make the place a prototype for the future of land use and community development. The vision includes a program in which interns learn about organic farming, bioneering, animal husbandry, conservation, ecosystem study, communal living, etc. Grid-independant housing and accomodations are to be built according to developing ecologically sustainable standards aligned with current university research programs.

Where on Earth is THD?
The THD land is located near the headwaters of a major branch of Casey Creek near Texico, Illinois - USA.
 * Latitude: 38.428748
 * Longitute: -88.917031

Who's who
A few people I've met or plan to meet and their organizations:

 * Dan Anderson is the director of ASAP - the Agroecology / Sustainable Agriculture Program of the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences in the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

 * Wayne Weiseman of Dayempur Farm in Southern Illinois, a land-based, self-reliant community project combining organic crop/food production, ecologically-built shelter, renewable energy, appropriate technologies and educational programs. Wayne is director of The Permaculture Project

 * Henry Brockman and his whole family began raising organic vegetables in 1993 near Evanston, Illinois. Terra Brockman (Henry's sister) is the director of The Land Connection and was instrumental in forming along with ASAP and other organizations, Illinois FarmDirect - a CSA network for Illinois, USA

 * Bill Wilson is a communitarian, permaculturist, sustainability advocate/educator, life coach & mentor with about a 30-year history through The Stelle Community a remarkable intentional community in the cornfields halfway between Chicago and Champaine-Urbana. He is also a founding director of the educational, non-profit organization Center for Sustainable Community located in Stelle. (Stelle rhymes with "bell")

 * Aurora Farm Foundation - Barbara M V Scott and Woody Wodraska teach about biodynamics, composting, land stewardship, seed collection and preservation and lots of other things. One of their goals is to help start the "university of the future" based upon the spiritual connection between Human communities and the Land.

 * ... list is growing

Funding opportunities
I've joined the Research grant collaboration group.

North Central region SARE - Funded by the USDA, the national Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program supports and promotes sustainable farming and ranching. (FY 2008 cycle begins in August 07)

USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service:
 * National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program - doc - pdf
 * Ecological Goods and Services Working Group

Hydrology
...Its overflow decends down a water course to the main creek at 480 feet at the back of the farm about a quarter of a mile behind us. A fishing lake is also formed below by an earthen dam with a level of about 520 feet. These reservoirs and their associated water course flow down one of five gorges that run from the front of the farm toward the back. A major tributary of Casey Fork Creek runs West to East exiting the property at about 460 feet. Total surface deviation is thus right at 100 feet. The rolling land is ideally suited for micro-hydroelectric generation and Keyline Design.

Some people in Dix (including the town's Water District) regard the watercourses as "ditches" and "drains". We hope to change this outlook by helping to form a watershed commission for the Casey Fork/Big Muddy system. Of all the Watersheds of Illinois, it is among the least represented, though cities and towns like Mount Vernon and Kell get their drinking water from Rend Lake downstream.

I was standing in the place where we ford the creek facing West when I took the picture to the right. What you see is the affluent end (top) of our quarter-mile long stretch of the western fork of Casey Fork. This ford will become a combination filtration dam, bridge to the back acreage, and USGS guaging station as we procure funding from state and federal agencies that care about water quality. We hope to discharge nearly drinkable water at our Eastern effluent by carefully managing our tributary substreams and our part of the main watercourse. We hope to demonstrate good ecosystem management, releasing all of the documentation of our work and progress as Open Educational Resources to raise public consciousness about water quality.

Cartography
I have had an interest in map-making since I was a small child hearing of Amerigo Vespucci and Magellan in school. There's little that is more fun to me than romping around in the woods finding interesting topographical features, wild plant and animal species, following deer trails and other such learning activities. It would be great to use some sort of handheld device to record my adventures and upload them at the end of the day to a sofware model of the EcoFarm.

As an educational facility, THD is poised to become a fun place to explore. Besides the practical reasons for producing maps, we are also taking into account the "Edu-tainment" aspects of Ecotourism and Agritourism as we refine our mapping project. ARDF is a lowcost way to identify "points of interest" such as the above-mentioned filtration dam and the epicenter of the planned Biodome to be build much later on in the horseshoe bend in the main creek. The Amateur radio group at Wikiversity is planning a series of learning projects and resources for amateur radio direction finding that can be used anywhere on the planet. At THD EcoFarm, we havea plan for the planet...

GIS Modeling
Geographic information systems go far beyond simple mapping. The map to the right is a first pass at producing a full-featured topographical map for use as the substrate of a GIS and Hydrology Model. I hope to build a georeferenced relational database that provides latitude, longitude and elevation for a set of points of interest all around the property. These points will represent all sorts of features - existing, historical and planned.

Four major zones can be seen in the composite map:
 * Southwest (lower left) - The permaculture zone is about 55 acres of cleared land that has been fallow for nearly 25 years. The topography and soil conditions make it a ideal place for demonstrating Keyline Design and soil building. A Welcome center and Eco-friendly RV park is planned (shown as small squares by the road).
 * Southeast (lower right) - A Circa 1900 interpretive farm and homestead is one idea for this zone. Interns will use technology, farming and forestry techniques from the turn of the last century. Antique steam engines, primitive electricity generation, human-powered equipment and other innovations from the period will be demonstrated in a live authentic way.
 * Village core (center) - The main lake and residence zone will include a large modern wood and metal working shop, recording studio, network operations center and other key facilities.
 * Ecological development zone (top) - The "back 40" includes Casey Fork Creek and a south-facing slope which is well-suited to building a line of solar-powered partially underground housing units - perhaps one of the US's first "Eco-tels" (Eco-hotel).

Data modeling will help with wildlife and natural resource inventories, ecological impact studies, hydrological dynamics and design, facilities planning and maintenance, permaculture yeild prediction and a host of other geo-ecology applications.

Keyline design
In a ridge-valley system, a keypoint is generally the single point having the most hydrologic energy of all points between the highest and lowest elevations of an identified system. This point is characterized by the dynamics of the overall topography during a downpour as surface runoff collects along the two ridges forming a channel or watercourse somewhere along the valley floor. The keypoint is the precise point where a singular channel becomes evident for water exiting the valley toward it's draining watercourse, usually a creek or tributary headwater. The keyline is a line that tracks the elevation of the keypoint in both directions to the two ridge lines that enclose the valley.

In the map above, notice the 550 foot elevation line that traverses the lower part of the map in the cleared southwest part of THD. This line is a fairly close approximation of a continuous keyline for a system of four ridges and three valleys that form. I'm working on a paper for the ASAP site that will use THD as an example and demonstration for the complete generic keyline design for planning dams, planting and grazing zones, roads, buildings and other features of the sustainable biodynamics testbed (permaculture zone).

 * GEOGRAPHICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL BASIS OF KEYLINE by the late Prof J. MacDonald-Holmes, Dean of the Faculty Geography, University of Sydney.

Praxis - theory and practice
I, (CQ), have a set of theories and loose disciplines (oxymoron?) of how to test and prove the theories that I consider to be possibilities in the solution of what can be called wicked problems. I favor the process of Successive approximation and incremental progress toward problem-solving and critical thinking. To accomplish things (in this world), you must be extremely patient. Nothing happens overnight, unless of course you are a Rock Star or a very well-known Athlete. Farming is often a thankless set of daily tasks - toiling in the Hot Sun or in the bitter cold of Winter. But what THD is about is "saving the planet" and I (deeply within my heart) know that I (and my gf) are not alone in the quest to direct the resources on this fine land toward something that is truly sustainable, in every sense of the word, implementing a "this-century" focus on things that simply make better sense.

Sustainability as a term is already losing meaning. I don't purport to know about Soil science, Animal husbandry, Wildlife management, Hydrology or even pine straw mulch, but i am learning. I need people around me that are:
 * curious
 * disciplined
 * ethical
 * dedicated
 * creative
 * hard-working
 * resolved

I welcome (and so does Crystal) anyone who is willing to get some hands-on with a real piece of ground that is second-to-none as a Planetary Sweetspot which you will quickly see, if you come to visit. Please talk to us!

title: User:CQ/THD


text:
User:Risha916/sandbox

Temples in antis

ABSTRACT

Temples in antis first appear in the Early Bronze Age in modern day Syria and gradually spread southwards through the rest of the Levant from the Middle Bronze Age onwards. In Syria, some temples in antis are still found in the Iron Age but they seem to be declining in popularity in this period. This research aims to provide a new definition of temples in antis across the Levant based not only on the architecture as in previous research, but also on the finds within the temples. Looking at the finds as well as the architecture allows a consideration of the nature of activities associated with these buildings, and a comparison between these temples and other types of temples will show whether they represent a new style of cult or simply a new style of architecture to house existing cults.

-Rebecca Louise Trow

https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2011021/1/TrowReb_Apr2015_2011021.pdf

long history in Syria and the Levant. Indeed, it appeared around the middle of the 3rd millennium and was still in use during the Middle Bronze and the Late Bronze Age; it persisted into the Iron Age – examples being the temple discovered at Tell Taynat (8th century BC)1 and the famous temple of Solomon at Jerusalem – before spreading throughout the Mediterranean world in the classical period.

-Corinne Castel

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291344576_The_First_Temples_in_antis_The_Sanctuary_of_Tell_Al-Rawda_in_the_Context_of_3_rd_Millennium_Syria

title: User:Risha916/sandbox


text:
end run

Noun

 * 1)   A running play in which the player carrying the ball attempts to avoid being tackled by evading the defending players from the opposing team.
 * 2)   An attempt to circumvent a difficult problem by not confronting it directly.

title: end run


text:
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Entertainment/2012 July 6

= July 6 =

San Diego July 4 fireworks
On purpose or unplanned? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:20, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

 * There are fireworks every year around this time. Can you be more specific with your question? Also, the RefDesk is not the place for speculation.  RudolfRed (talk) 06:40, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

 * The OP is most likely asking about this, which tells us that all the fireworks in San Diego's 4th of July display went off at once, instead of providing a 17 minute show. That article says that the organizers blamed "a computer glitch, maybe due to a virus or other corruption". HiLo48 (talk) 06:54, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Surely no-one would do a thing like that on purpose. Oh, wait...! Britmax (talk) 17:07, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

Creating Article on a musician
Ok, so I have a question and this doesn't make any sense at all to me... I was reading about how to create an article and it states that you can't create a page about a band or a person if they are a musician... however their are bands that are listed within wikipedia. Also as for reference in creating a page / article... The only source that would be available soon would be the persons website, however your not able to use that as a reference... BUT the information about this musician would be coming directly from that person himself.

To give you a better understanding.. I'm the musician's web developer, and he asked me to look into in creating a Wiki page. So if anything from reading the guidelines about creating an article in what to do and what no to do, i'm lost here.. because like i said, I've looked up bands on here before, but it states that you can't create a page for a band... so how does that work?

thanks! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ricky Perdue (talk • contribs) 15:08, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Check out the notability guidelines for musicians that tell you which band or musician can be included in wikipedia. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:32, 6 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Where does it say that you can't create a page about a band? As well as reading the notability guideline, you're right that the band's own website would not be acceptable as a source, because it would not be independent.  The musician needs to have coverage in professional media sources like newspapers, magazines and independent websites such as allmusic.com.  Without such coverage, I'm afraid that your page would be quickly deleted. --Viennese Waltz 15:45, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

Please make sure you read WP:COI before you create the article. --Dweller (talk) 15:57, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

It states it on this page about not being able to create a page for a band http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Your_first_article it's point #6 within that info... "Do not create pages about yourself, your company, your band or your friends, nor pages that advertise, nor personal essays or other articles you would not find in an encyclopedia."

Thanks for your help... I honestly don't think this will work out for him, i'm not to sure if he has any publicity yet. Figure if anything when he does then i'll be able to create the page for him. Again thanks! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ricky Perdue (talk • contribs) 16:41, 6 July 2012 (UTC)
 * What it's trying to say is don't create articles about subjects where you have a conflict of interest, as it will give you an unavoidable bias. What you need to do is try and find some sources, and if you can come up with a few good ones create a draft article at WP:AFC to be assessed by experienced editors who can help keep it neutral-- Jac 16888 Talk 16:55, 6 July 2012 (UTC)
 * after ec It doesn't say you can't create a page for someone else's band, does it! Basically your musician client needs to have got some way down the line before any page for him will be accepted in Wikipedia. So you're right, if there are reviews of his gigs, or if there are other people writing articles about him, or if their songs reach the charts then you can write an article on him and it will meet our notability criteria. --TammyMoet (talk) 16:58, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes. The emphasis should be on "your band", not "your band".  --  ♬  Jack of Oz  ♬  [your turn]  20:52, 6 July 2012 (UTC)