text:
C. Richard D'Amato

Charles Richard D'Amato (born September 28, 1942) is an attorney, politician and retired United States Navy Reserve captain best known for facilitating funding for military parapsychology research and conducting an investigation of unidentified flying objects as a senior staff counsel under the aegis of the influential Robert C. Byrd in the United States Senate.

He received a B.A. (cum laude) in political science from Cornell University in 1964; two M.A. degrees from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University in 1967; and a J.D. from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1980. He was subsequently admitted to the Maryland and Washington, D.C. bars.

A member of the Democratic Party, D'Amato was the chief (1988-1995) and minority (1995-1998) counsel for the Senate Appropriations Committee. Working under Byrd (the committee's longtime chairman and Democratic ranking member), he coordinated and managed the annual appropriations bills and other legislation on policy and funding of U.S. international operations and programs, including trade, defense and the full range of foreign activities of the U.S. government.

In this role, D'Amato allegedly investigated the funding structure of a purported "black budget" (and potentially extra-governmental) Unacknowledged Special Access Program tasked with studying UFO phenomena, possibly encompassing "crash retrieval" artifacts stemming from the Roswell incident and analogous events. According to researcher Timothy Good, D'Amato "amassed a great deal of hearsay evidence [...] but was never able to gain access to the most sensitive information being withheld in the military and intelligence communities." In the course of his research, D'Amato liaised with a litany of prominent figures in ufology, including venture capitalist Jacques Vallée (as recounted by Vallée in his diaries) and alleged "experiencer" Whitley Strieber.

However, circa 2013, D'Amato issued a statement about the UFO inquiry on his now-defunct website in which he asserted: "[A] senior Senate Committee chairman asked me to conduct a preliminary inquiry into allegations that came to his attention regarding unidentified aerial crashes in the 1940s in New Mexico. I met with a number of people who had made public statements on the matter. I reported my conclusion to the Senator that the basis for such allegations did not appear to merit any further Senate investigation. Beyond this inquiry on behalf of the Senator, I have no personal opinion on the matter and consider the inquiry to have been closed for over 20 years."

While serving as chief counsel to the Appropriations Committee, D'Amato also played an integral role in funding the Stargate Project, the Defense Intelligence Agency's remote viewing research program, until its dissolution in 1995. According to Paul Smith, D'Amato was in a romantic relationship with "Robin," a remote viewer and former DIA Freedom of Information Office administrative assistant employed by the program, although it is unclear if their involvement prompted his support. Smith has postulated that "Robin" (who objected to military oversight of the research) enjoined D'Amato to "[grease] the wheels" in facilitating its transfer to the Central Intelligence Agency, which soon elected to terminate the program.

D'Amato also served as senior foreign policy counsel for Byrd. In this capacity, he drafted the resolution that set Senate standards for international global climate change treaty negotiations. He worked on a wide array of issues affecting U.S. international economic and political interests, such as World Trade Organization review legislation and burden-sharing agreements during the Gulf War.

Between 1980 and 1987, D'Amato was Byrd's director of political, economic, and national security policy during his tenure as Senate majority leader. He joined the congressional staff as legislative director for then-Representative Jim Jeffords (1975-1978) before serving as legislative assistant and then chief of staff to Senator Abraham Ribicoff (1978-1980).

Throughout his political career, D'Amato served in the United States Navy Reserve, attaining the rank of captain. Among other posts, he served as attache to the U.S. Embassy in Beijing on proliferation issues and military-to-military initiatives in March 1997; was detailed to the Battle Group Command Staff of the USS USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69) in the Red Sea during Operation Desert Shield; served as an operations officer directing air drops into Bosnia and Sarajevo; and was a member of the planning staff of the Asia-Pacific Center, a conference and study center in Honolulu. During the Vietnam War, he was an assistant professor of government at the United States Naval Academy from 1968 to 1971, where he also coached sailing and basketball teams. Beginning in 1998 and continuing to an unspecified date, he rejoined the Naval Academy faculty as an adjunct assistant professor of political science.

After leaving the Senate staff, he held elected office as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1999 to 2003, representing an Annapolis, Maryland-based district. He served on the House's Appropriations Committee.

He was reappointed to the United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission by Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid on October 5, 2005, for a two-year term expiring December 31, 2007. He served as the chairman and vice chairman of the commission from April 2001 to December 20, 2005.

title: C. Richard D'Amato


text:
девяносто восемь

Numeral

 * 1) ninety-eight (98)

Usage notes

 * девяно́сто во́семь in the nominative and accusative case governs the genitive plural of the noun. There is no animate/inanimate distinction.

 * девяно́сто во́семь in other cases governs the appropriate plural case of the noun.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: девяносто восемь


text:
Talk:Carl Bass

Professional go cart racer and enthusiastic — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2603:8002:1C40:B85:5044:2D82:F73F:63C9 (talk) 06:11, 4 March 2024 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Carl Bass


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Muhammad Faiz

Muhammad Faiz may refer to:
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title: Muhammad Faiz


text:
Building regulations in the United Kingdom

Building regulations in the United Kingdom are statutory instruments or statutory regulations that seek to ensure that the policies set out in the relevant legislation are carried out. Building regulations approval is required for most building work in the UK.

Building regulations that apply across England and Wales are made under powers set out in the Building Act 1984 (c. 55) while those that apply across Scotland are set out in the Building (Scotland) Act 2003. The Building Act 1984, as amended by the Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), permits detailed regulations to be made by the Secretary of State for England and by a Welsh Minister for Wales.

As 'Building Regulations' and 'Building Safety' are devolved areas of law, in the four parts of the UK.

The building regulations made under the Building Act 1984 have been periodically updated, rewritten or consolidated, with the latest and current version being the Building Regulations 2010. The UK Government (at Westminster) is responsible for the relevant legislation and administration in England, the Welsh Government (at Cardiff) is the responsible body in Wales, the Scottish Government (at Edinburgh) is responsible for the issue in Scotland, and the Northern Ireland Executive (at Belfast) has responsibility within its jurisdiction.

There are very similar (and technically very comparable) Building Regulations in the Republic of Ireland. The English Building Regulations 2010 and the Building Act 1984 (in England) have been updated, on 1 October 2023, with major changes by the Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30).

Regulatory structure
The detailed requirements of the Building Regulations in England and Wales are scheduled within 18 separate headings, each designated by a letter (Part A to Part S), and covering aspects such as workmanship, adequate materials, structure, waterproofing and weatherisation, fire safety and means of escape, sound isolation, ventilation, safe (potable) water, protection from falling, drainage, sanitary facilities, accessibility and facilities for the disabled, measures to limit overheating in new dwellings, electrical safety, security of a building, high-speed broadband infrastructure connections, and the installation of a minimum number of facilities for the charging of electric vehicles in all new buildings (commercial and domestic).

There are entirely separate "Approved Documents" for Wales and England.

In Wales all new dwellings must have automatic fire suppression (sprinklers) installed.

In England only new residential buildings, over 11m high (four floors and more) are required to have automatic fire suppression (sprinklers) systems.

For each Part, detailed specifications are available free online (in the English and Welsh governments' "approved documents") describing the matters to be taken into account. The approved documents are not literally legally binding in how the requirements must be met; rather, they present the expectation of the Secretary of State concerning the minimum appropriate standards required for compliance with the Building Regulations, and the common methods and materials used to achieve these. The use of appropriate British Standards and/or European Standards is also accepted as one way of complying with the Building Regulations requirements.

However, the supply of gas (natural and/or LPG) is not specifically controlled by the Building Regulations, as there are separate Gas Safety Regulations enforced by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Fuel storage (e.g. Heating Oil and LPG tanks are controlled, near dwellings.)

Newer versions of Building Regulations are generally not retrospective: they are applied to each new change or modification to a building (or new part of a building) but do not require renovation of existing elements. There are general requirements for any change or improvement, that the building must not be left any less satisfactory in compliance than before the works, and areas worked on must not be left in unsafe condition by reference to current standards. The Regulations may also specify in some cases, that when enough work is done in an area (such as partial new insulation) the remainder of that area must be brought to an appropriate standard; however the standard required for an existing building may be less stringent than that required for a completely new building.

The Regulations also specify that some types of work must be undertaken by an appropriately qualified professional (such as works on gas or certain electrical matters), or must be notified to the relevant local authority's Building regulations approval for certification or approval.

The application of Building Regulations is separate and distinct from 'Town Planning' and 'planning permission'; the Building Regulations control how buildings are to be designed or modified on the public grounds of safety and sustainability while 'planning permission' is concerned with appropriate development, the nature of land usage, and the appearance of neighbourhoods. Therefore, both must be considered when building works are to be undertaken.

History and timeline of changes
From 1 January 2005 the term building work includes work on household electrics.

The Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act 2006 made provision for microgeneration to be brought within the Building Regulations, and increased to two years the time limit for prosecuting contraventions of the regulations relating to energy use, energy conservation or carbon emissions. It also requires the Secretary of State to report on compliance with these aspects of the Building Regulations and steps proposed to increase compliance. However, no such regulations have been laid.

From 6 April 2006, the Building Regulations are extended by amendments to incorporate some of the European Directives requiring energy in existing and new buildings to be measured, etc. The core term building work was once again amended and extended in scope to include renovation of thermal elements, and energy used by space cooling systems as well as energy used by space heating systems. Both are now subject to efficiency limits, and energy use controls are required. New additional competent persons schemes were proposed and authorised, in respect of energy systems and energy efficient design.
 * A total rewrite of Approved Document for Part P (Electrical Safety) was also issued in 2006.
 * New Approved Documents for Part F and Part L were issued along with specified 'second tier' guidance documents was also issued in 2006.
 * A total rewrite of the Building Regulations was issued in 2010. However, this has since been amended several times again, in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2018.
 * In December 2011, building regulation powers for Wales were devolved, enabling Welsh ministers the power to make building regulations in Wales. Subsequent amendments by both the UK government (regarding the building regulations in England) and the Welsh Government for Wales have caused the building regulations for the two countries to begin to diverge.
 * A total rewrite of Approved Document for Part K (Protection against Falling, & Glazing Safety, etc.) was also issued in 2012/2013. This new Part K now incorporated all that once was within Part N (Glazing Safety) and came into force on 1 October 2015.
 * 2015 - Part Q ("security") came into force on 1 October 2015.
 * 2017 - Part R ("High Speed Broadband Infrastructure") came into force on 1 January 2017. - Revised Part RA "Ultra-fast broadband" for all new Dwellings - December 2022.
 * 2022 - Changes to Parts F and L and introduction of a new Part O - mitigation of overheating (in new dwellings) - took effect on 15 June 2022.
 * 2022 - introduction of a new Part S - EV (Electric Vehicle) Charging Points - a minimum number is now required for all new buildings (commercial, retail and dwellings) - took effect on 15 June 2022.

Building Safety Programme
Shortly after the Grenfell Tower fire of 14 June 2017, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) established the Building Safety Programme. In the short term, this scheme sought to identify and remediate buildings with unsafe cladding. The problems that it variously exposed, compounded, and remedied constitute the cladding crisis. The programme is, longer-term, leading to a new regulatory framework for building safety, a Building Safety Bill, and a new Building Safety Regulator.

Building (Amendment) Regulations 2018 - A number of regulations were amended or created to introduce a restriction on the use of combustible materials within external elevations and specific attachments in certain types of buildings with storeys over 18m - this applied in England only. This change came in the wake of the Grenfell Tower fire. The part of the amendment relating to elements provided to reduce heat gain was subsequently overturned by the UK High Court in November 2019 because "the consultation had been inadequate".

Building (Amendments) Regulations 2023 - a number of very major changes, amendments and new statutory provisions, were introduced, following the enactment by (the Westminster) Parliament, of the Building Safety Act 2022 and the Fire Safety Act 2021.

Approved documents and compliance
There are currently Eighteen parts (sections) to the building regulations (for England and Wales) and each is lettered as Part A to Part S (however there are no Parts I or N) accompanied by an approved document for that Part X. The approved documents usually take the form of firstly stating the legislation and then providing a number of methods or ways which are deemed to satisfy the regulations.

The building regulations do not aim to stifle innovation, and the introduction of each Approved Document re-states this Government Aim. Compliance with the legislation is what is ultimately required and there may be many ways of complying, other than just using the ways set out in the recommended provisions within each of the approved documents. In reality, innovative solutions may be hard to validate, and for much building work the tendency is to follow the guidance of the approved documents literally.

For example, bathroom manufacturers produce a 'Doc M Pack' for disabled toilets, which reproduces exactly the diagram in Part M, and most public disabled toilets are now designed around this layout.

Many manufactured products have agrément certificates issued by the British Board of Agrément (BBA, a construction products certification service), certifying compliance with relevant standards. However, the BBA and other bodies (TRADA, BRE, Exova Warrington, etc.) may be able to test and certify to "CE" harmonised EU standards. "CE" marking of all construction materials and products is now a legal requirement, since 1 July 2013.

Most of the detailed information on the Building Regulations is now available on http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/ where general public users can access simplified building regulations guidance, and professional users have access to a reorganised version of what was on the former DCLG building regulations website, including the full versions of the Approved documents and associated guidance, held on the DCLG website (now a constituent part of the gov.uk website).

NEW ENHANCED BUILDING SAFETY REGIME (In England) After 6th April 2024

From 6th April 2024, all work to build a new or alter an existing "Higher-risk Building" [HRB's] - that is a building with 7 or more floors, and with more than two dwellings - is subject to the new enhanced building safety regime, which is administered and enforced by the new BUILDING SAFETY REGULATOR [BSR] for England. The BSR thus replaces the role of Local Building Control Authorities [LBCA]. The private building control sector CAN NO LONGER supervise work to build a new or alter a existing "Higher-risk Building".

The former "Approved Inspectors" (firms) all cease to have any legal function. after 1st Oct 2024. New "Registered Building Control Approvers" [RBCA's] may seek a licence from the BSR. APPROVED DOCUMENTS

Part A. Structure
This Part requires buildings to be designed, constructed and altered so as to be structurally safe and robust, and also so as not to impair the structural stability of other buildings.

It stipulates design standards that should be adopted for use on all buildings and additionally gives simple design rules for most masonry and timber elements for traditional domestic buildings.

The weight of the building from the walls, furniture and people in the building will be transmitted to the ground, so as not to cause instability to the building or other buildings.

Requires buildings to be built in a way ensuring no collapse will occur disproportionately to its cause.

Ground movement such as freezing of subsoil will not impair the stability of the building.

The Party Wall, etc. Act 1996 also controls walls and foundations being built near to existing buildings. However, it is "civil law" between adjoining land owners and "party wall legislation" is not enforced by the Building Control Bodies.

Part B. Fire safety
The building regulations consider five aspects of fire safety in the construction of buildings:

 * Requirement B1 - Means of early warning of fire and adequate means of escape from the building (including emergency lighting and fire exit signage).
 * Requirement B2 - Control of Internally fire spread (linings). The wall lining i.e. plaster, plasterboard or wooden boards on the walls and ceiling will resist the spread of flames and give off only reasonable levels of heat, if on fire.
 * Requirement B3 - Control of Internal fire spread (structure) will be maintained during a fire, and fire spread will be prevented. Fire and smoke will be prevented from spreading to concealed spaces in a building's structure by Fire Stopping and Fire Cavity Barriers.
 * Requirement B4 External fire spread – The external walls and roof will resist spread of fire to walls and roofs of other buildings. However, not all buildings are required to have non-combustible exterior finishes.
 * Requirement B5 The building will be accessible for firefighters and their equipment, without delay. Tall and Large buildings to have Fire Lifts and Fire Mains (Dry or Wet riser pipes), and waymarking signage for the fire crews, etc.
 * Regulation 7 Guidance relating to compliance with regulation 7(2) and 7(3) are include with Approved Document B following the 2018 amendments (introducing a ban on the use of combustible materials within external walls, over 18m high) since these regulations are in relation to the specification of the fire performance of external wall construction and specific attachments. Regulation 7(1) continues to be covered by Approved Document 7.

Alternative means to comply

 * Using BS9999: 2017 for non-residential buildings
 * Using BS9991: 2015 for dwellings and other residential buildings

The use of a 'Fire Engineer' to computer model the building layout and smoke behavior in such a building.

Building Regulation 38
This requires the designer and/or constructor to give the fire safety information (for a description of the information required – see Appendix G of approved document B) to the Responsible Person, upon completion. This is to enable a competent person to carry out a fire risk assessment.

Other fire laws (England & Wales and Scotland)
Once a building is occupied the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (Fire Safety Order 2005 - FSO2005) requires a Fire Risk Assessment to be carried out, to take into account how the users are actually using the building (and any fire risks that brings to the building) and the FSO2005 requires the "Responsible Person(s)" for the building to provide and maintain "suitable and sufficient" general fire precautions. Scotland's Fire Safety legislation is very similar and only slightly different in practical effect.

The FSO2005 is criminal law, and breaches of this law can result in the "Responsible Person" being jailed for up to two years and fined up to £10,000 for each offence. Corporate offences may have unlimited fines.

Enforcement is by the local fire authority. It may be necessary to exceed the recommendations of the guidance supporting Part B of Schedule 1 to Building Regulations, in order to achieve a suitable and sufficient level of fire safety required under the FSO2005.

The Fire Safety (England) Regulations 2022 [FSER22] are retrospective and require existing and new residential buildings (with more than 2 flats) to have minimum fire safety management records and fire safety facilities. [A Recommendation of Phase 1 of 2021 report of the Grenfell Tower Public Inquiry.] The FSER22 are enforced by each county Fire Authority - they came into legal force on 26 Jan 2023.

Review of fire related building regulations in England, 2017
Building regulations are technically under constant review by the DCLG (and are currently being urgently reviewed in light of Grenfell Tower fire). As following this fatal fire in London in June 2017, there is industry wide concern over fire safety issues with many other buildings. Inappropriate combustible material combinations have been found on a broad range of tall local authority, private, NHS, educational and housing association buildings.

Combustible materials within the external construction of the outside of tall buildings must comply with the building regulations but this guidance has sometimes been interpreted as applying only to the insulation and not to the cladding.. There are concerns that fire tests may not accurately reflect real life when a building, cladding and insulation are subject to wear and tear. The DCLG has set up a weekly email newsletter for those interested in this topic.

Part C. Site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture
Nothing should be growing on the ground covered by the building.

Precautions must be taken to stop gases and dangerous substances from previous land use from entering the building and endangering the health and safety of occupants.

Subsoil drainage will be in place, if needed, to stop the passage of ground moisture to the interior of the building and to prevent damage to the fabric of the building.

The walls, floors and roof of the building shall prevent moisture passing to the inside of the building.

The building must have provision to prevent condensation occurring in the roof structure.

Complaints arose in the Bristol area after Storm Emma in February 2018 that the attics of more than 50 newly built homes had filled up with snow. Barratt Developments and Redrow plc denied any liability, saying that “Lofts in modern homes are designed to act as home ventilators and to eradicate moisture and condensation issues. The vents are installed in order to comply with building regulations and as such the homes affected by the snow were not defective in any way.”

Part D. Toxic substances
The legal requirement is

 * D1 If insulating material is inserted into a cavity in a cavity wall, reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent the subsequent permeation of any toxic fumes from that material into any part of the building occupied by people.

Some insulating materials inserted into (existing) cavity walls can give off toxic fumes. Preventative measures must be taken to stop these fumes reaching occupants of the building. However this requirement is now largely of historical interest as injected materials are now mostly blown chopped fiber and not mixed on-site "chemical reaction" based methods - in the past 2 part mix urea formaldehyde was common, and if ventilation is not correct, and/or the mixing was not well controlled, then this can give off irritating fumes into the building.

See also Part C for controls on toxic hazards from ground contaminants and/or brownfield development.

Part E. Resistance to the passage of sound
Approved Document E 2003 plus amendments 2004 should be read in conjunction with supplemental document 'Robust Details Part E - Resistance to the passage of sound'.

Separating floors and walls between domestic dwellings are required to meet a minimum sound insulation performance standard. This applies to both new 'purpose built' and converted 'material change of use' properties.
 * Purpose-built – the sound insulation value for each individual airborne test should be equal to or greater than 45 dB DnTw+Ctr. Each individual impact test should be equal to or less than 62 dB LnTw.
 * Material change of use – the sound insulation value for each individual airborne test should be equal to or greater than 43 dB DnTw+Ctr. Each individual impact test should be equal to or less than 64 dB LnTw.

New internal walls and floors within dwelling-houses, flats and rooms for residential purposes, whether purpose built or formed by material change of use should achieve a minimum performance of Rw 40 dB when tested in a laboratory. Test data is to be taken from a UKAS accredited laboratory.

Pre-completion sound tests have been required since July 2003 to ensure compliance with Approved Document E, unless the Robust Details approach is adopted, see Part L below. Testing is to be undertaken by a UKAS registered test organisation or European equivalent (e.g. ANC). A list of preferred UKAS accredited companies can be found at UKAS Organisation Search. A list of preferred ANC accredited companies can be found at www.association-of-noise-consultants.co.uk.

Care should be taken to ensure site conditions are appropriate before testing commences to ensure tests can be completed and that the best results are achieved.

Part F. Ventilation
Standards for ventilation and air quality requirements for all buildings are included in this part of the building regulations

Due to the increasing complexity of the Regulations, ventilation strategies and system design must be considered at the earliest stages of building design.

The Building Regulations consider three ventilation types:
 * "Whole building" (formerly referred to as "background") ventilation to provide fresh air to dilute and disperse low levels of water vapour and other pollutants, usually by the provision of background ventilators or mechanical supply ventilation.
 * "Local extract" (formerly referred to as "extract") ventilation in rooms where most water vapour or concentrated pollutants are released, usually by mechanical means such as extract fans.
 * "Purge" (formerly referred to as "rapid") ventilation for the rapid dilution and removal of high concentrations of pollutants from occasional activities, usually by opening windows. The requirements for purge ventilation are set out in Appendix B of Part F1.

The performance rates for each of the "system" approaches set out in Part F are the minimum requirements needed to ensure that adequate air quality is provided for people indoors. The occupants' health could be at risk if these ventilation rates are compromised.

To ensure that these performance rates are met, Part F requires that a flow rate test (also called an airflow test or Part F test) is performed on the installed system and the results submitted to Building Control via a Commissioning Notice.

The performance rates do not take account of summer overheating.

Most systems may be manually or automatically controlled (with manual override).

For each system to be effective, air must be able to flow through the dwelling. The regulations make provision for this via internal door undercuts to maintain a minimum gap of 10mm above the finished floor surface. This provides a 7600mm² permanent opening when a door is closed.

There are alternative methods to achieve compliance with Part F. The following explanations are simplified versions of the most common methods of interpreting the "Systems" approach set out in the provisions section of the Regulation.

Background ventilators are now measured in equivalent area (mm² EA) which is a better measure of performance but does not directly relate to the physical size of the opening through the ventilator.
 * System 1 - Intermittent extract fans and background ventilators
 * System 2 - [Deleted] 2022
 * System 3 - Continuous mechanical extract and background ventilators
 * System 4 - Continuous mechanical supply and extract with heat recovery

Part G. Sanitation, hygiene and water efficiency
Adequate sanitation facilities i.e. toilet.

A house must have either a bath or shower with the ability to heat hot water.

A dwelling must have a 'potable' (cold) water supply suitable for drinking.

Unvented hot water storage systems – restrictions apply to who can install the system.

Part H. Drainage and waste disposal
An adequate system must be in place to carry waste water used for cooking, washing, toilet (flushing), bath or shower to a foul sewer, cesspool or settlement tank.

A cesspool or settlement tank must be impermeable to liquids and have adequate ventilation. It must also have means of access for emptying, not harm the health of any person and not contaminate water or water supply.

An adequate system to carry rainwater away from the roof of a building e.g. guttering carrying water to a suitable final outfall or surface water sewer.

A place to put a wheelie bin or dustbin and a recycling bin. The place must not harm anyone's health.

Part J. Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
Must have an adequate air supply for combustion and for efficient working of a flue pipe or chimney.

Appliances shall discharge the products of combustion to the outside.

The appliance, fireplace and chimney shall reduce the risk of the building catching fire.

Fuel storage, for Oil and/or LPG, must not increase the risk to a building from a fire.

See Part B for general fire safety.

Part K. Protection from falling, collision and impact
Part K sets minimum standards for the safety of stairways, ramps and ladders, together with requirements for balustrading, windows, and vehicle barriers to prevent falling from floor edges, roofs, or balconies, etc.

Glass and glazing safety is also covered. Also included are requirements for guarding where there is a risk of falling, pedestrian and vehicle barriers, and requirements to prevent injury from (opening) doors and windows.

Glazing that people come into contact with whilst in a building, should, if broken, break in a way unlikely to cause injury, resist impact without breaking or be shielded or protected from impact.

Buildings, other than dwellings that have transparent glazing which people come into contact with while moving around a building, must have features to make it apparent.

Windows that can be opened must be operated safely and provision made for safe accessible cleaning.

Part K also includes safety requirements relating to the use, operation, and cleaning of windows

Part K also includes safety requirements (including preventing entrapment and the crushing of persons) for automatic doors, barriers, shutters and gates.

Part L. Conservation of fuel and power
Approved documents L1 is specific to dwellings and L2 relates to all buildings other than dwellings.

As of 6 April 2006 (2010) (2014) split into four sections:
 * L1A New dwellings
 * L1B Existing dwellings
 * L2A New buildings other than dwellings
 * L2B Existing buildings other than dwellings

Part L controls the insulation values of building elements, the allowable area of windows, doors and other openings, air permeability of the structure, the heating efficiency of boilers and the insulation and controls for heating appliances and systems together with hot water storage and lighting efficiency. It also sets out the requirements for SAP (Standard Assessment Procedure) calculations and carbon emission targets for dwellings.

Regulation 16 requires the advertising of the SAP rating in all new dwellings, and in the EPC document.

Approved Document L1 is supported by a set of 'robust' construction details, now known as "Accredited Construction Details", which focus on ways of limiting air leakage and thermal bridging in construction. By using these tried and tested details, expensive on-site testing can be avoided.

In addition to insulation requirements and limitation of openings of the building fabric, this part considers solar heating and heat gains to structures, it controls heating, mechanical ventilation and air conditioning systems, lighting efficiency, space heating controls, air permeability, solar emission, the certification, testing and commissioning of heating and ventilation systems, and requirements for energy meters.

Air permeability is measured by air tightness testing for new dwellings (based on a sampling regime), all new buildings other than dwellings and large extensions to buildings other than dwellings.

These four Approved Documents must be read in conjunction with the supplemental official and industry documents (the 'second tier' guidance documents).

Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)
All EPCs will be based on SAP 2009 calculations from 1 April 2011. It is highly unlikely that many dwellings built to Part L 2010 will be completed before 1 April 2011. However, in the event that any are, the EPC will need to be produced using SAP 2005.

Please note that all plots require a building control approval submission, and EPC regardless of how many identical properties are to be built in the same development.

Part L new requirements
Lighting, ventilation, solar heat gain and possible overheating will all impact on the potential to hit the 25% reduction target but until now have not really troubled the industry. As U-values falls (see table) and airtightness levels increases, heat loss through 'thermal bridges' becomes more significant. The new regulations give these issues more emphasis. They also require designs to avoid unwanted solar gains, leading to excessive summer temperatures. The need now exists to consider these issues at the design stage.

See also:
 * Energy efficiency in British housing
 * iSBEM
 * National Home Energy Rating

Part M. Access to and use of buildings
Part M requires the inclusive provision of ease of access to and circulation within all buildings, together with requirements for facilities for disabled people.

Buildings should have reasonable provision:
 * For all people to gain access and use the building.
 * Toilets provision shall be made available for all.
 * If a building has seating such as audience or spectator seating, reasonable provision should be made for people with disabilities.

The Equality Act 2010 imposed duties on service providers, schools and public bodies in relation to access for people with disabilities. However, the Part M approved document is not written as a means of ensuring compliance with these legal duties. It is written to ensure that the design of a building does not create physical barriers to a building's inclusive use, over its lifetime.

Part M of the Building Regulations relates to the 'Access to and Use of Buildings' and draws largely on the legislation covered by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and the Disability Discrimination (Employment) Regulations 1996.

This document is particularly relevant to new build where such properties must comply. If in any doubt as to whether your alterations are affected by this document, the local building control department will be able to assist further. Later alterations of a building must not remove or reduce its accessibility features.

Part N. Glazing – safety in relation to impact, opening and cleaning
Part N was repealed in 2013 and these measures were moved into a new consolidated Part K in 2013 (See above).

Part O. Overheating
In 2022, Part O came into force dealing with overheating mitigation.

Part P. Electrical safety – dwellings
New rules for electrical safety in the home, the garden and its outbuildings came into effect on 1 January 2005. This part only applies to dwellings, or, in some cases, buildings that would be exempt but which take their electrical supply from a dwelling. Several government approved competent persons schemes support Part P. The current edition of Part P came into effect on 6 April 2013, reducing the range of electrical work which needs to be notified. The current edition applies to all work commenced from April 2013.

Reasonable provision shall be made in the design, installation, inspection and testing of electrical installations in order to protect persons from fire or injury.

Sufficient information shall be provided so that persons wishing to operate, maintain or alter an electrical installation can do so with reasonable safety.

Certain types of work require notification to the local authority for building control. In England this is only work within 'Zone 1' of a bathroom, and new consumer units and complete new circuits. In Wales, there are more 'notifiable works' including wiring in kitchens and gardens. Installers who are members of an approved "Competent Persons Scheme" may carry out such electrical work without the need to submit many such formal building regulations applications, instead notification is performed via their trade body.

Part Q. Security
In 2015 a new requirement, Part Q, came into force.

Part Q requires minimum provision of security in a dwelling with reasonable provisions needing to have been made to resist unauthorised access to any dwelling or any part of a building from which access can be gained to a flat within the building.

Part R. Physical infrastructure for high speed electronic communications networks
Part R was introduced in 2016 and takes effect at the beginning of 2017. It requires "network termination points" in buildings to provide access to high-speed Internet access (Broadband) via fibre or copper. Minimum speed of 30 megabits/sec connection.

Part R was undated in 2022 to require new dwellings to have ultra-fast broadband (up to 1 Gigabit/Sec) connections.

Part R - Vol. 1 for new dwellings [Broadband]

Part R - Vol.2 for all other new buildings [Broadband]

Part S. Infrastructure for the charging of electric vehicles
From July 2022 new buildings and significant modifications to existing ones will need provision to charge electric cars. The formal requirements are as follows

The erection of new residential buildings
''' S1. '''

(1) A new residential building with associated parking must have access to electric vehicle charge points as provided for in paragraph (2)

(2) The number of associated parking spaces which have access to electric vehicle charge points must be—(a)the total number of associated parking spaces, where there are fewer associated parking spaces than there are dwellings contained in the residential building; or(b)the number of associated parking spaces that is equal to the total number of dwellings contained in the residential building, where there are the same number of associated parking spaces as, or more associated parking spaces than, there are dwellings.

(3) Cable routes for electric vehicle charge points must be installed in any associated parking spaces which do not, in accordance with paragraph (2), have an electric vehicle charge point where—

(a) a new residential building has more than 10 associated parking spaces; and

(b) there are more associated parking spaces than there are dwellings contained in the residential building.

Dwellings resulting from a material change of use
S2.Where one or more dwellings with associated parking result from a building, or a part of a building, undergoing a material change of use at least one associated parking space for the use of each such dwelling must have access to an electric vehicle charge point.

Residential buildings undergoing major renovation
S3.Where a residential building undergoing major renovation will have more than 10 associated parking spaces after the major renovation is completed—

(a) at least one associated parking space for the use of each new dwelling must have access to an electric vehicle charge point;

(b) cable routes [ducts, etc.] for electric vehicle charge points must be installed in all additional associated parking spaces.

Exempt buildings
All new buildings, unless in one of the following exempt Classes, must meet the relevant requirements of the Building Regulations. See Reg. No. 3)

Exempt buildings include:
 * Class I: Buildings controlled under other legislation e.g. Any building in which explosives are manufactured or stored under a licence granted under the Manufacture and Storage of Explosives Regulations 2005 or nuclear-related buildings or an ancient monument.
 * Class II: Buildings not frequented by people (unless close to an existing building).
 * Class III: Greenhouses and agricultural buildings (not used for retail).
 * Class IV: Temporary buildings (erected for less than 28 days).
 * Class V: Ancillary buildings.
 * Class VI: Small detached buildings (garages, garden storage sheds/huts) (less than 30 square metres floor area with no sleeping accommodation therein).
 * Class VII: Extensions – porches, covered ways, conservatories, (less than 30 square metres floor area).

The Building Regulations 2000 have been amended five times since the original statutory instrument was published. A new consolidated edition was published in 2010 – the Building Regulations 2010. These have also now been amended five times since 2010. It is good practice to have exemption confirmed by the relevant local authority prior to starting construction works or alterations. The latest statutory instrument gives the full conditions of exemptions (and any newly controlled buildings).

Crown buildings (national government buildings and military buildings) are no longer totally exempt from the English Building Regulations. All Crown buildings must comply with the energy efficiency measures set out in Part L.

This is due to EU laws requiring higher energy efficiency in all buildings (new and existing) under European climate change measures such as the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive.

EU law requires public buildings to be "good energy practice" examples. BREXIT laws have not altered this "good energy practice" requirement.

New energy regulations have been made to fully implement these EU laws, where they fall outside the scope of the building regulations.


text:
Chazishan station

Chazishan station is a subway station in Changsha, Hunan, China, operated by the Changsha subway operator Changsha Metro.

Station layout
The station has one island platform.

History
Construction began on July 13, 2015. The station opened on 26 May 2019.

It has been drafted as Financial Center station.

Surrounding area

 * Tanshan Park
 * Chashan Park
 * Hunan Financial Center

title: Chazishan station


text:
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Arcanus121/Archive

09 February 2015

 * Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

Rash of activity today by three users, including an IP user, single-purpose accounts all determined to remove tags of every kind (deletion, maintenance, category, WP:Biography) from S.P. Ward (poet). I threw in Stevenparrisward because of the name (compare user SP Ward (writer)) and because he edited as recently as six weeks ago. There's also a possible COI implication in Arcanus121, since one of Ward's poems is "The Hymns of Arcanus". —Largo Plazo (talk) 23:01, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

Comments by other users

FYI, just got blocked for making a legal threat on this page. MadGuy7023 (talk) 23:44, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * ✅, blocked, tagged: Arcanus121, SP Ward, SP Ward (writer), Stevenparrisward. Materialscientist (talk) 23:50, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I've also blocked the IP for 48 hours, as it was adding material in a similar fashion to the accounts and partook in the removal of the AfD tag. Mike V • Talk 00:21, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

10 February 2015

 * Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

Same user as the other SPWard socks, created three days ago. Another sock used this one's user page to post another copy of the article about this person. —Largo Plazo (talk) 11:14, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

Comments by other users

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * ✅ Steven Parris Ward (writer), blocked and tagged. Materialscientist (talk) 11:34, 10 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Disney Magic

Image
Is it possible to have a different image (or an edited version) used for the main image on this page (and the only image of a Disney ship on the Disney Cruise Line page? The current one crops off the bow, includes a bit of a wall on the top left, and has a blue hue. There are a number of candidates on flickr. I suggest http://www.flickr.com/photos/sanctumsolitude/2612209342/in/set-72157605778323024/ but there are a number of candidates.

nuclear families?
"The bulk of the clientele is made up of nuclear families. It is also popular for family reunions of medium to large sizes. The ship also attracts honeymooners."

Anyone have a citation for this? Seems rather anecdotal.--Brianvdb 09:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

I've never edited a page so I hope this works our right... but what I think the writer was stating an opinion, which I and many others also have, because of the general fact that those are the usual guests on these cruises (I've been a few times), but I would delete it unless it is actually stated somewhere.

Google Maps link does not show a Disney ship
The Google maps link shows Port Canaveral, but the ship visible to the west end is not a Disney ship, and is not at the Disney terminal. The address pointer accurately points to the Disney Cruise Line terminal which, as you can see when you zoom in, is empty.

Merger?
Would anyone object to the Magic and Wonder articles being merged? They have almost exactly the same content and a single article would be much more manageable, and would highlight the differences between the ships, which currently get lost. You could take this one step further and merge them with Disney Cruise Line, which covers the same ground a third time. --<IP_ADDRESS> 02:10, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

used as studio for americas funnies home videoes?
i saw an episode of that show that happened on a ship called the disney magic. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:21, 29 November 2010 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 12:37, 12 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Disney Magic2.jpg

title: Talk:Disney Magic


text:
User:<IP_ADDRESS>/sandbox

=IFFO1 Gene=

Introduction
IFFO1 stands for Intermediate Filament Family Orphan 1. According to GeneCards, IFFO1 is also called Intermediate Filament Family Orphan, HOM-TES-103, Intermediate Filament-Like MGC: 2625, and Tumor Antigen HOM-TES-103. In addition, this gene can be found on Chromosome 12p13.3 and it contains 17,709 nucleotide bases.

Features
Some organisms that were found to be homologs were mouse, chicken, lizard, African clawed frog, zebrafish, Alicante grape, and rice.2 Within the same NCBI search, a few characteristics regarding the gene were found. IFFO1 generates a product called ‘intermediate filament family orphan 1 isoform X1’. Upon further research using PubMed, OMIM, Google, and NCBI, nothing was found about this product. Currently, the structure of the protein has not been identified. A unique filament region was found in the sequence between 230bp and 529bp.1 With regards to the proteins for IFFO1 gene, GeneCards indicates that there are 559 amino acids with the molecular weight of 61,979 Da. Due to alternative splicing, there are 7 isoform of IFFO1. The modification sites were identified from PhosphoSitePlus along with the basal isoelectric point of 4.83.

Publications and Disease Associations
Currently, there are only two publications were found in PubMed after using each of the aliases as keywords. The first publication, “Genome-Scale Screen for DNA Methylation-Based Detection Markers for Ovarian Cancer”, states that a biomarker named IFFO1 promoter methylation has some correlation with ovarian cancer. However, the article fails to explain more about the marker and whether it has any relation to the IFFO1 gene. IFFO1 was not mentioned in any of the references either. The second article, “A Novel Tumour Associated Leucine Zipper Protein Targeting to Sites of Gene Transcription and Splicing”, was found while using the alias “HOM-TES-103”. Unfortunately, the article was focusing on LUZP4 gene or also known as HOM-TES-85 that has a particular leucine zipper region associated with cancer. NCBI also provided a number for IFFO1 in the OMIM database. Upon opening the OMIM page on IFFO1, there was no information on any diseases that could potentially be associated with this gene.

title: User:24.179.215.37/sandbox


text:
Burton Morse

Burton E. Morse (April 19, 1867 – August 6, 1941), was an American architect based in Twin Falls, Idaho, United States. Several of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

He was born April 19, 1867, in Farmington, Illinois, and died August 6, 1941, in Twin Falls.

He served as secretary of the State Board of Architectural Examiners of the State of Idaho, and as president of the Idaho Society of Architects. He also participated in an association of Idaho engineers and architects, presenting a paper in its 1922 convention.

Works include:
 * Burton Morse House (1908), 136 Tenth Ave. N. Twin Falls, ID (Morse, Burton), NRHP-listed
 * The Carnegie library (c.1917) of Twin Falls
 * Rex Arms Apartment Building (1918), 312 Shoshone St. E., Twin Falls, a neo-classical building
 * Ramona Theater (1928), 113 Broadway Buhl, ID (Morse, Burton), NRHP-listed
 * Cassia County Courthouse (1939), Fifteenth St. and Overland Ave. Burley, ID (Morse, Burton E.), NRHP-listed
 * Hollister School (1912), 2464 Salmon Ave. Hollister, ID (Morse, Burton), NRHP-listed
 * One or more works in the Albion Normal School Campus, NRHP-listed
 * One or more works in Twin Falls Downtown Historic District, Roughly bounded by 2 Ave. N, 2 St. E, 2 St. W, 2 St. S, 3 Ave. S, 3 St. W. Twin Falls, ID (Morse, Burton), NRHP-listed
 * One or more works in Twin Falls Original Townsite Residential Historic District, Roughly bounded by Blue Lakes Ave., Addison Ave., 2nd Ave. E, and 2nd Ave. W Twin Falls, ID (Morse, Burton), NRHP-listed

Are the following two related?:
 * Phoenix LDS Second Ward Church, 1120 N. 3rd Ave. Phoenix, AZ (Pope & Burton), NRHP-listed
 * Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church, 279 S. 200 West Salt Lake City, UT (Pope & Burton, and N.A. Dokas), NRHP-listed

title: Burton Morse


text:
William Myers (design writer)

William Myers is an American design historian and curator based in Amsterdam. He is the author of Bio Design: Nature + Science + Creativity (2012, second edition 2018), a book exploring design that is made with, for, or about biology. It is published by the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York and Thames & Hudson. Myers is also the author of Bioart: Altered Realities (2015) that is published by Thames & Hudson and BNN in Japan. His exhibitions include Biodesign at the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD), Matter of Life at the MU Gallery in Eindhoven and Biodesign at the New Institute in Rotterdam. He also led the curatorial teams for the exhibitions Humans Need Not Apply and Unreal at the Science Galleries in Dublin and Rotterdam, respectively. Myers is the jury chairman of the Bio Art and Design Awards, formerly the Designers & Artists 4 Genomics Award.

Myers is the lead organizer of the Museum of 21st Century Design based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The museum is a non-profit organization (Cultural ANBI Stichting) that enhances public understanding of design with positive social and environmental impacts. The museum doesn't have a permanent building; it's a compilation of temporary exhibitions and events in different locations, publications, and an online collection. In 2020, the museum won the first Creative States Prize.

Publications

 * William Myers, Bio Design: Nature + Science + Creativity, Museum of Modern Art, 2012, new edition 2018. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>390
 * William Myers, Bio Art: Altered Realities, Thames & Hudson, 2015. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>322

title: William Myers (design writer)


text:
User:Pookah

Pookah Hey, welcome everyone I am David. My main interests lie in Literature particularly Anglo-Irish writers, Irish culture, literary theory and of course music. If I make any stupid errors don’t hesitate to inform me immediately.

title: User:Pookah


text:
Talk:Jezza

Untitled
Isn't 'Jezza' Also the nickname for Jeremy Clarkson? See the top gear Star in a Reasonably Priced Car board, his time is 1:50.

It is also used on Top Gear at other times.

Ant

Add town?
Should the town of Jezza that appeared in the Top Gear Africa Special be listed here? 2600:1702:3270:90C0:B4FC:9B54:7672:9AEB (talk) 07:01, 23 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jezza


text:
North Dakotan

Adjective

 * Of, or pertaining to, North Dakota or its culture

Noun

 * 1) A native or resident of the state of North Dakota in the United States of America.

title: North Dakotan


text:
Talk:Suzanne RD Tata

Did she ever actually move to India
I just noticed that she married a man from India, but I do not see that the article states that she moved to India. She died about 20 years after her marriage in London.John Pack Lambert (talk) 17:37, 28 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Suzanne RD Tata


text:
Hamidabad, Razavi Khorasan

Hamidabad (, also Romanized as Ḩamīdābād) is a village in Fazl Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 711, in 201 families.

Accessibility
This village and the village of Fushenjan are situated next to each other and are accessible by car from the road 44 of Iran along with different routes from the Baghrud Road of Nishapur (Persian: جاده باغرود نیشابور). They are also really close to the capital city of the county, Nishapur and a road known as the Baghrud Road is used as their main pathway to the capital city.

title: Hamidabad, Razavi Khorasan


text:
Software testing/Interaction

This page is intended for interaction of the course participants.

story: princess and the frogs
Please add here your thoughts to this story.

Hi,

Princes said the true frog come to kiss me.

Hi,

This is my idea of testing,

Princess and her 4 sisters line up according to their beauty(from the least to the most) in a row.

Princess requests all frogs(princes) to line in another row.

Then princesses will kiss 5 frogs at a time until no more frog to kiss according to FIFO and also each princess kiss each frog in such order,
 * first princess with first frog in the row,
 * second princess with second frog in the row,
 * ..., etc.

 * Princess then requests all princes converted from frogs to form 5 new rows according to princess's kiss and
 * line up as LIFO.

 * Now, princess asks all princes to form another new row in such order,
 * pick up to 5 princes at a time,
 * one prince from each princes' row if available and lines up according to princess in her row.

Finally, princess and 4 sisters re-line up themselves according to their beauty(from the most to the least) in a new row. Each princess then choose her husband with her criteria from the last princes' row according to FIFO. Princeshrek, 20:24, 24 February 2007

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

hi, Princeshrek's idea is really good ,but i wanna add that probably he missed 1 point, princes told "Quiet! I can't rescue you all. Imagine the slime I would have on my mouth". i.e she's not interested to kiss all of them.so i think we should follow Princeshrek's process until, there is enough no of prince to satisfy the needs of the princess[i mean good looking and all that..] & the princess have to select there princes from them.

but if we don't want to take the risk of loosing the best prince then we have to repeat the process mentioned by Princeshrek till there no frog remains. Iamsandeep 19:16, 25 May 2007 (UTC)

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Hello,

Cute fairytale, but like all fairytales, it is not realistic. The result is that the analogy breaks down and trying to develop solutions is useless. Let me explain...

In reality, there is little chance for this "project" to receive funding in the first place. The big picture is of a disaster of a project. In reality, if the project somehow got funded and if the Princess is supposed to represent a tester, with this "frog" dilemma, then the tester would find a better company to work for as soon as possible. The project should have never gotten this far and someone should have pulled the plug.

That is the way this would play out in the real world.

Thanks, William

Williamg 10:42, 30 June 2008 (PST)

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Hi,

Even though the fairy tale cannot totally represent the real world, it could still illustrate some reality. Also, it is just a way to help one understanding how to accomplish a task in a different but familiar way.

In my opinion, if all frogs can talk, why doesn't princess sit down and interview each of them separately. Examine each of them, use the same criteria, and make a decision which one is the best to kiss. Because many frogs could have overlapping qualities, the more and in detail criteria are, the better. The problem will change from "which one is the best frog" to "what are criteria used in evaluation."

A sample list of questions could be as followed: * Where exactly 'far far away' are you from? * How long have you been in this [frog] form? * How come that you are living in the pond and not near by where you are from? * How is your life as a frog? * How did you live your life when you were human? * What will you do if you are human again?

She could throw in some trivia or dummy questions as well. There are too many ways to solve this problem. Wait... The story writer did not mention how high the princess IQ is??? ;)

Taywin 11:42, 09 June 2010 (EST)

title: Software testing/Interaction


text:
Bucorvus brailloni

Bucorvus brailloni is an extinct ground hornbill. The only known fossil is of a femur dated to the Middle Miocene. It was found in Morocco, well north of the range of extant ground hornbill species.

title: Bucorvus brailloni


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Secular icon

The result was   no consensus. (WP:NPASR). N ORTH A MERICA 1000 00:49, 4 March 2015 (UTC)

Secular icon

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

WP:SYNTH of various "non-religious" usages of the term. A brief google search does show the usage of the term, but in wildly different contexts, so I non't believe that there are scholarly sources which discuss this term more than just a casual usage; I haven't even seen a dictionary definition for the term. Staszek Lem (talk) 04:43, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Visual arts-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 18:43, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Missvain (talk) 05:38, 17 February 2015 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
 * Merge & redirect I agree with what somebody wrote on the talk page 7 years ago, "This should be merged with, and then redirect to, Cultural icon." --Gaff (talk) 05:51, 17 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I am strongly opposed to merging of unreferenced text. Staszek Lem (talk) 19:19, 17 February 2015 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, -- Sam Sing! 13:46, 24 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Tok Pisin/Verbs/traim

Tok Pisin > Verbs > traim

Traim as a verb
Traim (alternate spellings: traiim, traeim) is a Tok pisin verb basically meaning to try.

Here are some examples of its use:

Sampela man i kisim ol prut na traim planim klostu long haus bilong ol. Some men took the fruits and tried to plant them next to their houses. (Masalai bilong Ailan Lep).

Planti man bilong Baluan i laik traim long painim dispela Ailan Lep. Many men from Baluan wanted to try to find this island called Lep. (Masalai bilong Ailan Lep).

Please note that here, the same author is using traim once without long, once with long.

Other examples:

Ol i bin traim long givim halivim... They tried to bring help... (Taim bilong toktok, Redio Ostrelia).

'''Ol wok ol i traim bilong mekim ol gavman i abrusim ... pasin bilong bagarapim rait bilong pipol.''' ''They tried to make the officials renounce... to their disrespect of people's rights.'' (Taim bilong toktok, Redio Ostrelia).

Here, the same speaker is using traim once with long, once with bilong.

Traim as a noun
Traim can be nominalized. It then becomes a noun meaning: a try, a challenge, an ordeal, and in the Scriptures, temptation.

Examples:

Mipela i save yupela i painim kainkain traim long laip bilong yupela We know that you meet all kinds of ordeal in your life. (Catholic Bishop's Conference of PNG & SI, 2001).

Sambai long mipela long taim bilong traim, na rausim olgeta samting nogut long mipela. Protect us when we are in a time of temptation and take all bad things away from us. (The Lord's Prayer in Pidgin, litteral translation from Tok Pisin).

title: Tok Pisin/Verbs/traim


text:
Pleujouse

Pleujouse is a village and a former municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. Since January 1, 2009, it has been part of the new municipality La Baroche.

title: Pleujouse


text:
Padhant

Padhant in Hindustani classical music or Indian classical dance refers to the recitation of rhythmic syllables, known as bol, during a performance. The term is derived from the Hindi word padhna, meaning "to read, study or recite". Padhant is closely associated with the percussion instrument tabla and the classical dance Kathak, and the recitation of rhythmic patterns before playing them is considered an art in itself. The dancer in Kathak would pause at intervals to recite the rhythms before executing them through dance. The recitation is often accompanied by hand gestures. The recited syllables are also used in storytelling, creating an atmosphere or inducing a mood in the audience; for example, in a performance of Kalidasa's Meghaduta (Cloud Messenger), the sounds ghe-ghe-thi-ta can signify a rumble of clouds or, its expanded version, the arrival of clouds. In Carnatic music, a similar concept is called konnakol.

title: Padhant


text:
Talk:Greedy Baby

I added two images and am going to take down the request. Dav Brav 03:46, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Greedy Baby. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061109055659/http://www.warprecords.com/greedybaby/ to http://www.warprecords.com/greedybaby/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:01, 23 October 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Greedy Baby


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/2014–15 Cheshire Senior Cup

Keep - One of the oldest Cup competitions in Association Football featuring clubs from the Football League down to level 10 (step 6).


text:
Sibylle Boys

Sibylle Boys born Sibylle Illey aka Sibylle, Lady Boys (c. 1370 – after 1455) was an English literary patron.

Life

Boys' birth is estimated to be 1370 based on an estimate of her age eight years later. She was the daughter of Katherine Gymyngham and Sir Robert Illey of Plumstead Parva.

She married Sir Roger Boys of Honing and Ingham and they had two sons.

Her mother died in 1417 leaving a will that said her inheritance was "provided she behave herself civilly, and did not disturb her executors".

One of her sons, Thomas, died in 1432 and in 1444 her other son, Robert, gave her his power of attorney and he died six years later, leaving a widow, Jane Boys, and a daughter, Katherine. Jane was promised to an administrator named Richard Southwell, but before the marriage could take place she was taken by Robert Langstrother. It retaliation Southwell took possession of the manor of Holme Hale in 1451. Researchers are divided as to whether Jane went willingly with Langstrother to avoid a forced marriage to Southwell, or whether Southwell was the would-be rescuer of Jane taken by force by Langstrother. At the time Sibylle Boys set off for London to claim restitution from the King and his Lords.

She is known to have commissioned two minor poems from the poet John Lydgate these were Epistle to Sibille and Tretise for lauandres.

It is said that Jack Cade's Rebellion's rebellion in 1450 may have added to Boys' poor health as this was the reason why she was unable to attempt a pilgrimage to Rome in 1451. She was concerned about her soul as she mortgaged her manor and the advowsons of the Holme Hale churches to get an obit to be said every year. She had been accused of forgery to deny her son's estate to his widow and she was also accused of not telling the truth.

title: Sibylle Boys


text:
Talk:Arizona Women's Hall of Fame

Updates
What's new:

 * Adding Women in Red project to the above header. WIR exists to turn red links into blue, expanding the coverage of women on Wikipedia.

 * New method when adding nominations is Alpha within Year, rather than just a straight alphabetical listing. In that way, each new group of inductees can just be dropped into the top of the list, rather than the hassle of trying to interweave individual names into the entire list. Viewers can always sort by names or other columns.

Anybody can edit this list. Anybody can update it. Happy editing. — Maile (talk) 17:08, 5 February 2019 (UTC)

2021

 * Virtual induction ceremony

title: Talk:Arizona Women's Hall of Fame


text:
Wikipedia:Today's featured article/March 2, 2015

Maggie Gyllenhaal (born 1977) is an American actress. She started out appearing in films directed by her father, Stephen Gyllenhaal, and achieved recognition in a supporting role in the indie cult film Donnie Darko (2001), which starred her brother, Jake Gyllenhaal. Her first critically acclaimed role was in Secretary (2002); she received Golden Globe nominations for this film and Sherrybaby (2006). She appeared in the romantic comedy Trust The Man (2006) and such big-budget films as World Trade Center (2006) and The Dark Knight (2008). She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Jean Craddock in the musical-drama Crazy Heart (2009). She appeared in the theatrical play Closer (2000) and in the television production The Honourable Woman (2014), for which she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film. Gyllenhaal is an active Democrat and a supporter of the American Civil Liberties Union. Before the US-led invasion of Iraq she participated in anti-war demonstrations, and she is active in causes involving human rights, civil liberties, poverty and education. She is married to actor Peter Sarsgaard.

Recently featured: Old Church of St Nidan, Llanidan – Poetry of Maya Angelou – Kenneth Horne


text:
User:Digitalwelly.rob/sandbox

Ashby Museum
The Ashby Museum is situated in the village of Ashby just off the A42 which is off the M1.

title: User:Digitalwelly.rob/sandbox


text:
Quileute Canyon

Quileute Canyon (also Quillayute Canyon) is a submarine canyon, off of Washington state, United States.

Its location
It is just north of Quinault Canyon.

Quileute Canyon is offshore, from both La Push and Forks. Quillayute River pours into the Pacific Ocean, onshore, near Rialto Beach, and Quillayute Needles National Wildlife Refuge is also near, onshore. The Quileute Indian Reservation is near, onshore.

Exploration
As of September 2017, the area is being explored.

Aquatic life
Large sponges and large jellyfish have been found, living there.

Nearby submarine canyons
All of the following submarine canyons are near, headed north to south:

 * Clayoquot Canyon
 * Father Charles Canyon
 * Loudon Canyon
 * Barkely Canyon
 * Nitinat Canyon
 * Juan de Fuca Canyon
 * Quileute Canyon
 * Quinault Canyon
 * Grays Canyon
 * Guide Canyon
 * Willapa Canyon
 * Astoria Canyon

Local geography

 * Abyssal fan
 * Astoria Canyon
 * Astoria Fan
 * Cascadia Basin
 * Cascadia Channel
 * Cascadia Subduction Zone
 * Grays Canyon
 * Juan de Fuca Canyon
 * Juan de Fuca Plate
 * Juan de Fuca Channel
 * Nitinat Canyon
 * Nitinat Fan
 * Quileute Canyon
 * Willapa Canyon

Other uses of the term Quileute

 * Quileute
 * Quileute language
 * Quillayute River
 * Quileute Tribal School
 * USS Quileute (YTB-540)

Other uses of the term Quillayute

 * Quillayute Airport
 * Quillayute Needles National Wildlife Refuge
 * Quillayute Valley School District

External links and references

 * A page with a map
 * More information

title: Quileute Canyon


text:
Hendrar Prihadi

Hendrar Prihadi (born 30 March 1971), sometimes nicknamed Hendi, is an Indonesia politician from the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), Chairman of the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute of the Republic of Indonesia (LKPP) since 10 October 2022, and Mayor of Semarang for the period 2013–2022, following his predecessor's arrest over a corruption charge, Soemarmo Hadi Saputro. He resigned the mayoralty in November 2022, and was succeeded by his deputy, Hevearita Gunaryanti Rahayu.

Personal life
Prihadi completed his first 12 years of education before graduating from Soegijapranata Catholic University in 1997, and later he earned his Masters in Management from Diponegoro University in 2002, all in Semarang. During his education, he served as president of several youth organizations in the provincial level.

He married Krisseptiana in 5 December 1997, and the couple has 3 children.

Career
Before becoming active in the city government, Prihadi worked in several companies and served as an official of the Central Java branch of KADIN (Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia, Indonesian Board of Trade and Industry) which was an organization of Indonesian businessmen, in addition to the Semarang branch of the PSSI.

Political career
After serving in the city council for 3 months, Prihadi was elected as deputy mayor along with Soemarmo after winning 34.28% of the votes. Following Soemarmo's arrest in 2013 over a corruption charge, Prihadi was elevated to mayor and later won in the 2015 elections after him and his deputy Hevearita Gunaryanti won 319,076 votes (46.32%).

Career after ending position as Mayor of Semarang
On October 10, 2022, he officially stepped down as Mayor of Semarang and served as Head of the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute of the Republic of Indonesia (LKPP).

title: Hendrar Prihadi


text:
Talk:Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō

Mystified
That "Nonetheless" in the second paragraph of the article is mystifying. It probably needs to be rewritten to clarify the point. Hue White 17:27, 29 August 2007 (UTC)

This is an Error
This phrase is incorrect: "During this operation, one of the Zero fighters from the Ryūjō, flown by Petty Officer Tadahito Koga, crash landed on the island of Akutan. Koga was killed in the crash due to a broken neck, but the aircraft remained largely intact. This was the first Zero fighter to fall into the hands of U.S. military intelligence."

A Japanese Zero was obtained in China BEFORE the US entered the war and shipped to the USA. Unfortunately, it was ignored as "everybody" knew Japanese planes were inferior. Henryjones000 (talk) 03:47, 16 November 2010 (UTC)

Name Meaning
At the start of the article we're told that the name means 'prancing dragon.' However, at the start of the section on the vessel's construction we are told the name means 'dragon horse.' If the name meant both of these, that sounds important enough to explain. If it only means one of them, then the other should be dropped. If I had to guess which was right, I suspect that the first 'prancing dragon' is correct because dragon horse makes far less sense. Also, I vaguely recall some discussion elsewhere that the character whose meaning is in question is a very obscure one which indicates a meaning of 'position a horse makes,' so that while prancing is what it actually means horse is a plausible guess. Now I have no clue if that is right, and it has a citation so I'd rather not be the one to change it, but this incongruity should be dealt with. Sebsmith0 (talk) 00:10, 14 January 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 05:24, 17 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Carrier Ryujo 1936 colorized.jpg

Timeline off
The timeline in the last two paragraphs doesn't make sense. How'd this pass FA? It goes: ...??? WhoAmIYouDoNotKnow (talk) 23:52, 24 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Around 14:40, the Detached Force was spotted again
 * at 14:55, three minutes before
 * reinforced the patrol shortly after 15:00, just in time
 * Ryūjō turned north at 14:08, but her list (here is where it goes awry, why is this and the 14:20 entry after the 14:40 entry?}
 * caused her to stop at 14:20.
 * 15:15 and the destroyer Amatsukaze moved alongside to rescue the crew.
 * multiple B-17s without effect before Ryūjō capsized about 17:55 a

Ryujo's Commander's Incompetence?
Watching/listening to a YouTube video that seems to be a narrative of a Japanese Destroyer's Commander's memoirs, who was present at the time of Ryujo's sinking, and this Destroyer's Commander alleges that Ryujo failed to provide adequate air cover to protect the ship from American air attack, to the extent that the Destroyer Commander sent a personal signal to his friend on the Ryujo to admonish him that the aircraft carrier's Commander and Flight Officer were derelict in failing to launch CAP aircraft to protect the ship.

The response to this signal was immediate, and 7 CAP aircraft were brought up on the flight deck, but too late to launch them before the American aircraft attacked. Meaning the carrier's survival may have depended on this 1+ hour delay in launching CAP aircraft. There was also one other example given in this narrative where the Ryujo Commander directed his aircraft to land on some island, rather than returning to the aircraft carrier to protect and possibly intercept an anticipated American airstrike. To me that indicates incompetence and blunder, and if this is true, would make a valuable inclusion to the Article. It's one thing to lose a carrier in battle, but quite another if the sinking was due to the carrier Commander's incompetence.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCWxRnKZSIo

Signal of admonition sent at 10:50 in the video.

2603:8081:3A00:414A:6569:6514:A9ED:2BE5 (talk) 03:13, 15 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō


text:
Green Island, Jamaica

Green Island is a small town in northwestern Jamaica, located on the west coast between Negril and Lucea in the parish of Hanover. It is located close to Orange Bay.

History
Green Island was once a thriving market town in the days when sugar was king supported by sugar plantations such as Harding Hall, Prospect, Saxham, Winchester, Rhodes Hall, Haughton and Glasgow. Sugar and other produce were exported in small schooners from the five or six wharves (such as Dixon Wharf) which were located in the harbor. Very little remains of these wharves today.

Saturdays were always bustling with activity as fishermen from as far as Negril, local rice farmers from Santoy and Westmoreland, and corn growers from St. Elizabeth selling their produce. Tobacco farmers would roll their dried leaves into a shape resembling rope, thus earning the name "Jackass Rope", and sell it by the yard for smoking in chalk pipes.

Since the development of Negril and easy access to public transportation, commercial activities have dwindled.

title: Green Island, Jamaica


text:
levirate

Etymology
From (from ) +.

Adjective

 * 1) Having to do with one's husband's brother.

Usage notes

 * This adjective is used almost exclusively as part of the phrase.

Translations

 * Finnish:

Noun

 * 1)  A marriage between a widow and her deceased husband's brother or, sometimes, heir.
 * 2)  The institution of levirate marriage.

Translations

 * Finnish: leviraatti, lankousavioliitto
 * French:
 * Polish:
 * Swedish: levirat

 * Finnish: leviraatti
 * Portuguese: levirato
 * Swedish: levirat

title: levirate


text:
The Jimmy Fund

The Jimmy Fund, established in Boston in 1948, is made up of community-based fundraising events and other programs that benefit Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Since 1948, millions of people have given money to the Jimmy Fund to help save lives and reduce the burden of cancer for patients and families worldwide.

The Jimmy Fund holds fundraising events including Jimmy Fund Golf, the nation's oldest and largest charity golf program, and the Boston Marathon Jimmy Fund Walk. The Jimmy Fund is an official charity of the Boston Red Sox, the Massachusetts Chiefs of Police Association, the Pan-Mass Challenge, and the Variety Children's Charity of New England.

History
In 1947, Sidney Farber founded the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston. The following year he launched the Jimmy Fund to raise money to support the hospital. The fund was named after a patient who was named "Jimmy" to protect his identity – his real name was Einar Gustafson and his identity was revealed in 1998.

On May 22, 1948, "Jimmy" inspired a movement on Truth or Consequences, a national radio program hosted by Ralph Edwards. During the program, "Jimmy" was visited in the hospital by star players from the Boston Braves; the visit was arranged by future New England Patriots owner Billy Sullivan. Listeners were moved to act when asked to send in money to buy Jimmy a TV so that he could watch the Boston Braves. More than $200,000 was raised for the Jimmy Fund that year.

Beginning in 1949, some movie theaters began showing a Jimmy Fund trailer before movies and asked audience members to contribute to the fund.

The Jimmy Fund’s baseball origins later evolved into a longstanding partnership with the Boston Red Sox after the Braves moved to Milwaukee in 1953.

In 1980, the Pan-Mass Challenge, a charity bicycle race, was founded to benefit the Jimmy Fund. In 1983, the Jimmy Fund began holding the Scooper Bowl, an ice cream festival, in Boston. Also in 1983, the fund began organizing golf tournaments to raise money. In 1989, the fund began organizing the Jimmy Fund Walk, which runs in conjunction with the Boston Marathon.

In 2002, the first WEEI Jimmy Fund Radiothon was held. In 2003, NESN joined the event and simulcasted it around New England.

In 2013, the Jimmy Fund held its first Big Ideas Contest asking the public to submit new fundraising ideas for the fund.

title: The Jimmy Fund


text:
Talk:façon de parler

Wikipedia page history
* (cur) (last) 00:46, 30 May 2006 TheProject m (sending to talk page) [rollback] [proxycheck]
 * (cur) (last) 20:54, 29 May 2006 Spacepotato (De-PRODing. This phrase is used in English. I suggest moving to en:wiktionary.)
 * (cur) (last) 17:46, 25 May 2006 Warrenagraham (why not to be deleted)
 * (cur) (last) 08:54, 25 May 2006 Cholmes75 (Propose deletion using VandalProof)
 * (cur) (last) 21:39, 13 May 2006 Iavila m (→Façon de Parler)
 * (cur) (last) 16:49, 10 May 2006 Warrenagraham (page created 10.05.2006 by wg)

Deletion debate
French only. Ignoring that both the English and the French are wrong in this section, this isn't an idiom anymore than way of speaking is in English. No reason why the English etymology can't link to the individual words. SoP, delete. Mglovesfun (talk) 19:59, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Oh, yes, it's an idiom! Lmaltier 20:54, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
 * What should the article say then? Because right now it's totally unidiomatic. Mglovesfun (talk) 12:43, 24 October 2009 (UTC)
 * The same definition as in English. This definition shows that it's idiomatic. When you say il parle lentement, c'est sa façon de parler, it's not idiomatic at all, but the sense defined here is idiomatic. Lmaltier 17:06, 24 October 2009 (UTC)

Kept, no consensus. Mglovesfun (talk) 10:46, 24 May 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:façon de parler


text:
Faridi Mussa

Faridi Malik Mussa Shaha (born 21 June 1996) is a Tanzanian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Tanzanian Premier League club Young Africans.

Club career
Born in Morogoro, Mussa started his career with Azam FC in 2013. In April 2016, he went on a trial at CD Tenerife, and after impressing in friendly matches, he signed a two-year deal in May and was assigned to the reserves in Tercera División.

Mussa made his debut abroad on 14 January 2017, starting and scoring his team's second in a 2–2 away draw against CF Unión Viera. On 30 April, he scored a brace in a 5–1 win at UD Lanzarote.

On 12 August 2020, Mussa returned to his home country after signing for Young Africans.

International career
Mussa made his debut for the Tanzania national football team on 19 November 2013, coming on as a substitute in a 0–0 friendly draw against Zimbabwe.

title: Faridi Mussa


text:
User:SkyRobin/sandbox

Birds of planet Earth
There are many Birds on planet earth some sources sate there are 10,000 species of birds on earth. Many birds live in urban and rural areas

title: User:SkyRobin/sandbox


text:
Waldemar Lindgren

Waldemar Lindgren (February 14, 1860 – November 3, 1939) was a Swedish-American geologist and a founder of modern economic geology.

Life
Lindgren was born in Vassmolösa, Kalmar Municipality, Småland, Sweden, the son of Johan and Emma Lindgren. Johan was a judge and member of parliament, Emma the daughter of a clergyman. He attended the Freiberg Mining Academy, Germany, graduating as a mining engineer in 1882.

In 1884, Lindgren began a 31-year career with the U.S. Geological Survey, working on ore deposits in the Rocky Mountains. In 1905, he helped found the journal Economic Geology. In 1912, he was appointed head of the Department of Geology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Lindgren was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1909, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1912, and the American Philosophical Society in 1917. He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1931. He was a fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America. He was president of the Geological Society of America in 1924 (winning its Penrose Medal in 1933 ) and of the Society of Economic Geologists (winning its Penrose Gold Medal in 1928 ).

Lindgren's published writings run to nearly 200 titles, not counting discussions, reviews, and more than 1,000 abstracts. Most are on the great ore deposits. Editions of Mineral Deposits, his widely used textbook, were published in 1913, 1919, 1928 and 1933.

Lindgren died in 1939 in Brighton, Boston.

Publications

 * The Gold Belt of the Blue Mountains of Oregon Extract from the 22nd Annual Report (1900–1901) Part 2: Ore Deposits (U.S. Geological Survey. 1902. pages 553–776)
 * The water resources of Molokai, Hawaiian Islands (US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper No. 77. 1903. 62 pages)
 * The copper deposits of the Clifton-Morenci district, Arizona (US Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 43. 1905. 375 pages)
 * Geology and gold deposits of the Cripple Creek District, Colorado. (Lindgren, W., & Ransome, F. L. US Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 54. 1906. 516 pages)
 * The ore deposits of New Mexico (Lindgren, W., Graton, L. C., Schrader, F. C., & Hill, J. M. US Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 68 1910. 361 pages)
 * The Tertiary Gravels of the Sierra Nevada of California (US Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 73. 1911. 226 pages)
 * Mineral Deposits (New York, McGraw-Hill. 1913)

title: Waldemar Lindgren


text:
User:Causemo2015/sandbox

Rixys Alfonso (born October 22, 1971 in Santos Suárez, Ciudad De La Habana, Cuba) is a Hispanic Activist and entrepreneur. Alfonso is CEO and Chief Visibility Specialist at CauseMo Marketing, LLC in Miami/Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and a nationally recognized advocate for children and adults with disabilities and rare diseases.

An innovator in creative strategy for connecting brands with causes and consumers, Rixys Alfonso founded CauseMo Marketing to drive cause-related initiatives and movement in key markets, and across the country. Alfonso leverages her vast network of diverse contacts to develop customized campaigns and support for her clients, while tapping in her broad range of knowledge and experience in entertainment, media, event management, marketing, fundraising, community development, social media, and public relations.

CauseMo Marketing, a boutique communications firm that knows how to cause consumer movement in key markets and across the country. At CauseMo, clients come to us because we understand their business and how to enhance their intellectual capital to reach key decision-makers in their sales process. We influence the consumer through publicity, image management, positioning, social marketing, and experiential events to raise the overall awareness of your brand and grow your business’.

Having been named a “Hispanic Woman of Distinction” by Latina Style Magazine, one of the nation's leading publications for Hispanic businesswomen, Alfonso was also recognized by Governor Charlie Crist for her commitment to advocacy. Crist appointed her to the Florida Developmental Disabilities Council in 2010, and Governor Rick Scott re-appointed her in 2015. She effectively leverages her role to integrate her leadership, along with her multi-cultural expertise, to give a greater voice to the Hispanic community on issues impacting people with disabilities.

Alfonso was also appointed to serve as Marketing Chair on the FBI Miami CAAA Board of Directors. She has been recognized by Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz, who in closing of her book “For The Next Generation,” acknowledges Alfonso by stating "To fully illustrate the value derived from a life of service and community action, I will leave you with the story of Rixys Alfonso," followed by her story of triumph over adversity.

Throughout her career, Alfonso has played a key role in the production of numerous marquee events & marketing campaigns. Consistently over-delivering for her clients and contacts has kept her at the top of her game, and afforded her the opportunity to help many others. Her commitment to enhancing the community is routinely demonstrated through her key role in the successful implementation of education programs, community awareness forums, youth initiatives, local, state, & federal legislation.

Career

Alfonso, began working at Here's Help in November of 2000 and held several positions during her 10 year tenure. Here’s Help, Inc. (link) is a private, non-profit, comprehensive rehabilitation agency that began providing services to clients in 1969, to prevent and treat substance abuse in South Florida. The organization aims to improve the success rate, help clients remain drug-free, continue their schooling and successfully reintegrate into the community as productive, law abiding citizens. In 2000, the agency launched our Alternative Therapies Program encompassing real-life technology for music and the visual arts. Since then the Here’ Help’s Alternative Therapies Program has been expanded to include treatment modalities to help become drug free and meet essential daily needs, and work toward a brighter future with programs in education, various types of counseling, culinary, music & arts programs, computer literacy, auto mechanics, tattoo removal, and broadcasting.

From March 2010 to February 2013, Alfonso was Director of Corporate Marketing, Public Relations and Communications for the Dan Marino Foundation, Inc., a 501(c) 3 organization was established in 1992 by Dan and Claire Marino, motivated by their experiences in raising their son, Michael, who is diagnosed with autism. The Foundation's mission is "empowering individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities." For over 22 years, the Foundation has served individuals with disabilities in South Florida through therapies, research, education, and employment, and raised more than $47 million to create unique and impact-full initiatives in the community. Among these "first-of-their-kind" initiatives were the Miami Children's Hospital Dan Marino Center, Childnett.tv, the Marino Autism Research Institute, Marino Adapted Aquatics, Summer STEPS Employment Programs, and now, Marino Campus.

Columnist, AroundTown with Rixys, AroundTown Magazine (March 2010 – August 2012) AroundTown CalenZine of the Arts, is a calendar-magazine dedicated to South Florida’s rich cultural tapestry, featuring the sophistication of art and museums, the reverberating sounds of the stage, the excitement of the festivals and special events, and the enrichment.

Volunteer

Florida Developmental Disabilities Council Chair of Communications, Council Member by Gubernatorial Appointment Honorable Governor Rick Scott 2014-2015 FDDC Communication's Committee, Chair FDDC Public Policy & Advocacy Committee, Member FDDC Self Advocate/Leadership Task Force, Member

First appointed by then Governor Charlie Crist in 2010 and reappointed by Governor Rick Scott in 2014. The purpose of the Florida Developmental Disabilities Council is to engage in advocacy, capacity building, and systemic change activities that contribute to a coordinated, consumer and family centered, consumer and family directed, comprehensive system of community services and individualized supports that enable individuals with developmental disabilities to exercise self-determination, be independent, be productive, and be integrated and included in all facets of community life, according to the federal law that created the Council states that the purpose of the Council is to assure that individuals with developmental disabilities and their families participate in the design of and have access to needed community services, individualized supports, and other forms of assistance.

Marketing Chair, Board Director FBI Miami Citizens Academy Alumni Association March 2014 – South Florida

The FBI Miami CAAA Board of Directors reflects a diverse network of business leaders representing education, community advocacy, medicine, law, finance and technology throughout the Miami-Dade, Broward and West Palm Beach counties. The Director Emeritus consists of four of the six founding members of the FBI Miami Citizens Academy Alumni Association. The Advisory Board represent experts in the field finance, law and FBI community relations. The FBI Miami CAAA Board, Emeritus and Advisors are committed to providing ethical and sound leadership for effective organizational development and growth.

Advocate National Disabilities & Rare Disorders Advocate May 1997 – Present (17 years plus)|united states

Alfonso’s passion and commitment emerged from a very personal struggle and family crisis centered around her eldest son, Devin. He was born with numerous disabilities. At two years of age, he was given a terminal diagnosis by an orthopedic surgeon. It was at that moment, that Alfonso transformed into a super advocate and lay-researcher. As her son’s biggest champion, she tirelessly sought the most preeminent & innovative medical care to save her son and other children with the same diagnosis. Thus far, Devin has improved with each of his forty-four surgeries and has emerged as a well-spoken self-advocate himself.

Initially, Alfonso’s advocacy via the Titanium Rib Implant led her to U.S. Congresswoman and Democratic National Committee Chair, Debbie Wasserman-Schultz, then a member of the Florida Legislature. After hearing Alfonso’s testimony on Devin’s rare genetic disorder, DWS persuaded Florida Medicaid to pay for him to get treatment in the Titanium Rib Clinical Trial. This led to three other children being able to seek treatment as well.

Advocacy then led her to U.S. Senator Chris Dobbs. Alfonso once again provided testimony on Devin’s rare genetic disorder, and her emotional testimony helped prompt debate on U.S. Senate Bill 830. The bill became known as “The Pediatric Medical Device Safety and Improvement Act of 2007” and it encouraged the development of medical devices for use by children.

Consequently, in 2010, Alfonso initiated a petition to the U.S. House of Representatives that resulted in the passage of Federal House Resolution 1499. The bill honors Dr. Robert Campbell & “Calls on the Food & Drug Administration to continue to support and incentivize other medical advances to save children's lives threatened by rare disorders.”

Awards

Education

References list of links cross referencing to inserted links

title: User:Causemo2015/sandbox


text:
2014 K3 Challengers League

The 2014 K3 Challengers League, known as the Daum K3 Challengers League 2014, was the eighth season of amateur K3 League. The top three clubs of each group qualified for the championship playoffs after the home and away season of two groups (16 matches per team) and the interleague play (9 matches per team). The first and second-placed team in the overall table advanced to final and semi-final respectively, and the other four clubs advanced to the first round. Asan United withdrew from the league, but FC Uijeongbu joined the league.

title: 2014 K3 Challengers League


text:
Bachchor Stuttgart

Bachchor Stuttgart, also known variously as Stuttgart Bach Choir & Orchestra, Bach Orchestra Stuttgart, Stuttgarter Bach-Chor und Orchester (Choir & Orchestra), Bachchor und Bachorchester Stuttgart, Bachchor und Bach-Orchester Stuttgart, Stuttgart Bach Orchestra, Stuttgarter Chor und Orchester and L'ensemble vocal et instrumental de Stuttgart, is an orchestra and choir based in Stuttgart, Germany. Established around 1954, they are dedicated to the works of J. S. Bach. However, they also perform other works, for instance in July 2004 they performed at the Europäische Kirchenmusik Schwäbisch Gmünd festival of the City Church of Vienna, performing works of Adriana Hölszky.

title: Bachchor Stuttgart


text:
Wadestown Covered Bridge

The Wadestown Covered Bridge was a single-lane wooden covered bridge in Wadestown, Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States. It spanned the Virginia (later West Virginia) branch of Dunkard Creek. It was still standing in 1941 when the Work Projects Administration surveyed the state. It was in use into the 1950s.

title: Wadestown Covered Bridge