text:
User:Lucas Gil (Musician)

Originally born in Poland, Lucas moved to London when he was 20 to pursuit an independent artistic life in a different country. Passion for music pushed him to get singing lessons which short after allowed him to write his own songs. Having a few years break and after moving to Brighton, only in recent years this passion came back to life. His debut album was released on February 2018 and contains a collection of his own music, that ventures into the fields of electronic, chill out and a mix of classic notes as well. Although he used samples instead of putting his own voice on the tracks, it is just a beginning and this will follow with songs with his own lyrics in the near future.

Official Website

title: User:Lucas Gil (Musician)


text:
Cookbook:Springform Pan

| Bakeware

A cake pan with sides that detach from the bottom when they are unlatched, making the cake easy to remove. It is often used to cook cheesecakes.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cookbook:Springform Pan


text:
Talk:Doug Vogt

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 one external links on Doug Vogt. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.usatoday.com/life/columnist/mediamix/2006-01-29-media-mix_x.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/14/world/conflict-in-the-balkans-us-journalist-is-killed-in-convoy-to-sarajevo-talks.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050831072053/http://www.inquisitoronline.com:80/news/0306baghdad.html to http://www.inquisitoronline.com/news/0306baghdad.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:49, 16 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Doug Vogt


text:
CisLunarFreighter/Scripts and case studies/Radio communications/Space traffic control

Space Traffic Control.

Implementation Project
This is the project to build a real system based on this concept:

 * Implementation
 * /sample radio dialogues

Control Levels
Space Traffic control consists of various control levels.

Currently the levels are

 * Level 1 - Starports and spaceports, essentially local towers which handle landings and launches
 * Level 2 - Orbital Control, handling local Traffic and approach control for Spaceports
 * Level 3 - Space lanes, These are defined air lanes between major destinations.
 * Level 4 - Space based Instrument Flight Rules Zone...
 * Level 5 - Deep space. (i.e out of range of STC radio relays)

Normally most 'local' orbital traffic will never leave level 2 airspace. However, Earth<->Moon traffic will enter level 3 airspace.

For a craft entering higher level airspace from lower level airspace(i.e Level1 to level2), it is the responsibility of the higher level control to confirm entry with both the vessel and lower level control.

For a craft leaving higher level airspace for lower level airspace(i.e Level 2 to Level 1), It is the responsibility of the higher level control to advise lower level control of the vessel (and course) concerned. The craft must confirm this with lower level control, before higher level control can handover.

General procedure notes
All messages between STC are of the form " " For messages from the craft to the tower the callsign used is that of the vessel, with an additional (to ) being added for clarity.

STC operates on a shared channel, so it is not unusual to hear messages from other craft.

Radio procedure for civilian vessels is that messages are between STC and individual vessels. It is not usual procedure for 'civil' vessels to talk directly to one another.

STC however can request or authorise vessels to DCC (Delta-Charlie-Charlie) in some circumstances. Military/Police vessels are able to DCC without specific authorisation.

Launch Procedures (level 1)
Launches are managed by local spaceports.

Civilian vessels are required to call into the tower before firing engines.

To call into tower vessels will issue their full call sign and a "Request Launch window" message

 * Papa Alpha Sierra - Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero Request Launch Window

The tower will respond with ' Launch window granted '

 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero Launch Window granted, closes in 10 minutes

Alternatively the Tower may need to hold a launch for a number of reasons.

 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero Hold On Launch Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero. Incoming landing

A craft is expected to acknowledge the launch window status prefixing with an 'Acknowledge' and read back any conditions assigned accurately

A 'Confirm' or 'Query' can be used to query details

 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero - Acknowledge Launch closes in 10 minutes

 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero - Acknowledge Hold, Awaiting release

 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero - Confirm launch window close in 10 minutes?

A Tower releases a previous hold using a Release Hold message
 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero - Release Hold

which the craft acknowledges.
 * Sierra Foxtrot Zero Zero - Confirm release.

Off limits space...
Restricted Airspace (for example Demios, Europa)

Space Patrol/ Star Corps
As well as other 'civil' vessels, military (Star Corps) and police vessels (Space Patrol) will be encountered. This link shows a spacecraft model available in 3dsmax source: http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Image:ECOHELVW.OGG

Star Corps(military/Coastguard) and Space Patrol(Police) use the call sign VIPR(Victor India Papa Romeo) with VIPR42 being used exclusively by Space Patrol.

Space Patrol interceptors work in pairs, this occurs regardless of the situation.

Space Patrol do NOT under normal conditions open fire first or shoot at civilian vessels, However by firing on, or acting suspiciously towards to Space Patrol or Star Corps vessels is NOT advised,  by doing so you will be classified as 'hostile' and actively hunted.

Some vessels are known 'hostiles', but in general these are rare. Known 'hostiles' will be intercepted usually without intervention from STC, however it is rare for vessels to be blasted out the sky.

In addition to 'security' Space Patrol also run the rescue service and have been known to escort 'troubled' vessels into some landing sites/bases.

Intercept Procedure
Whilst ALL civil vessels are required by STC regulations to carry IFF(Interogate Friend or Foe) equipment, this isn't foolproof, so for all intercepts a specific procedure exists. If 'intercepted' co-operate.

The intercept procedure is a follows:

 * To intercept, Space Patrol will overfly on the port and starboard sides of a vessel and execute a roll while doing so. While executing the role the Vipers will issue a 'CEPT ' message on all channels.

 * An intercepted vessel is REQUIRED to acknowledge CEPT's by repeating the call back to the VIPR's over the radio, and/or making a rocking motion (should radio comms be difficult).

 * If this is ignored - the overflight is repeated twice again with CEPT calls.

but cannot shoot to kill.
 * If a CEPT is ignored three times in succession, then VIPR's can shoot to disable.

If during an intercept, VIPR's receive hostile fire (derbies and sparks don't count), use of return fire by them is authorised in an attempt to disable. The cival craft firing weapons is NOT acknowledgement of an intercept.

Both Star Corps and Space Patrol take prisoners and have the power to board vessels. Its is ill-advised to ignore their requests.

Specialist codes
These are some 'special' codes you may hear in traffic control messages.

Some of these can be sounded phonetically, although voice version can also be used

 * VADER (V,A,D,R) - Unidentified rouge ship

 * V,I,P,R - Space Crops military vessel - (You don't mess with these!)
 * HAWK (H.A.W.K) -
 * HAWK 1  Presidential Transport.
 * HAWK 3  Presidential 'Yacht' Reserved call sign
 * HAWK 251 Royal Flight (United Kingdom)

 * STAR (S.T.A.R) - Diplomatic Vessel

Indications usually sounded vocally, but can also be phonetic if needed:
 * EVA -  I have persons active outside vessel
 * LAME - (to tower) I have partial loss of maneuverability
 * DEAD - (to tower) I have TOTAL loss of maneuverability
 * CHOKE - (to tower) I have loss of life support.

Declaring Emergencies
Sounded codes...
 * MAYDAY - Declares a critical emergency.
 * PAN   - Declares non critical emergency
 * DRILL - Used for training purposes to simulate emergencies.

Call Signs
In respect of Sol system call signs for spacecraft are centrally allocated in respect of civil vessels by Sol Central Registry.

Military vessels (Star Corps) and police (Star Patrol) use their own registry, with all police/military vehicles being assigned the callsign V,I,P,R (number) in respect of their interaction with civilian traffic.

Important Military//Police call signs to note are * VIPR 42 - Standard operating call sign for Sol Space Patrol. * VIPR 911 - Standard operating call for an emergency response * VIPR 505 - Search and Rescue.

Civilian Traffic callsigns consist of two parts.

The first is a three character vehicle class
 * H,E,V - Heavy freighter
 * F,T,R - Freighter
 * R,I,G - Rig - Freight.
 * T,D,R - Trader
 * P,A,S - Passenger Vessel, Large
 * P,E,R - Passenger vessel, Small
 * P,L,X - Pleasure craft, usually small.
 * O,O,K (Abbreviation of Cocoon)- Cryogenic suspension vessel, frequently unmanned.

Games Inspiring some Features

 * Asteroids
 * Elite
 * Lunar Lander
 * Nomad
 * Xpilot
 * Virtual Airport (Never published, producer out of business, user:mirwin has intellectual property rights to code and art)

The way we hope this to eventually work is we have a net of little space games that interact in a MUD (multi-user dungeon). We will possibly interface with JFreerails via a spaceport. There is a loading module with some educational and fun mass distribtion. Then comes Terran Takeoff (horizontal or vertical), both talking to STC, the asteroids/Xpilot, then talk with Lunar STC, lunar landing, mission is now complete.

We will have a lunar rover gamelet. JFreerails is already playable and I think easily added to for an interface to the spaceport. Subgames in cisLunarFreighter could be broken out as loading game, lunar lander take off or horizontal orbiter, both those talking to STC, then asteroids/xpilot, then talk to STC, lunar lander, mission complete, see what I mean by "little space games"

Base/Vehicle Operational Standards
have any ideas on how a pirate base would operate ...they would not use STC? 	mirwin: Well, a priate base would try to operate within STC as far as they could 	but they would have their own procedures... good point flyby's maybe necessary to identify or follow pirate ship in		STC has a special code VADR for unidentifed vessels 	VADR vessels behaving in a hostile manner and that don't respond to cept messages are liable to be disabled... 	mirwin: However operating a base outside STC rules is a serious matter... 	Star Corps have been known to be 'unpleasent' with rouge operators... hmm maybe a rover trip ground inspection of some kind 	Thats or a flyover... 	All 'legit' bases have to confirm to STC spec 	Like having certain mimumum equipment standards, radar etc 	Pirate bases of course might not have the same standard of equipment... there was an asteroid style game with gravity and bunkers ... good model for simple flyover prototype LSG 	'legit' cival bases also have to register... 	the Sol Registry containing at presnt abvout 30 known bases... 	Star Corps keeps it's own list of milatyr facilities ah good - players pick site and establish bases and facilities -- ties to Lunar Boom Town 	(sometimes these are shared with 'cival' ones) 	Or buy into common ones... 	The STC is in effect a bit like the FAA <ShakespeareFan00>	but in some areas it has more powers, and some less <ShakespeareFan00>	For example the STC can ground usafe vessels <ShakespeareFan00>	I don't think the FAA can canit? or buy abandoned miliatary! Imagine a flyover that turned from easy picking to lets get the hell out of here if we can! oh yes FAA shuts down unsafe in seconds <ShakespeareFan00>	mirwin: The millatry tends to hang onto it's fcailites... if they can spot it in paperwork and inspections <ShakespeareFan00>	STC also inspect facilites as well as vehicles... true - be rare abandond secret bases ...CIA types <ShakespeareFan00>	The Star Corps knows about some of these... but won't tell ;-)

Implementation Details

We could have a percentage reportig damage. Certain probably of blowing up when damaged. survivers to pick up after shp blows but player loses ship.

Friendly fire incidents occur when Star Patrol shoots civilian


text:
Talk:Cyril Lloyd Jones

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Cyril Lloyd Jones. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120326120928/http://www.gmpublications.com/product_info.php?products_id=10464 to http://www.gmpublications.com/product_info.php?products_id=10464

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:55, 16 August 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cyril Lloyd Jones


text:
Robert N. McClelland

Robert Nelson McClelland (November 20, 1929 – September 10, 2019) was an American surgeon. On November 22, 1963, he worked unsuccessfully to save the life of U.S. President John F. Kennedy after he was fatally shot, and two days later, the life of Kennedy's assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald.

Early life and education
Robert Nelson McClelland was born on November 20, 1929, in Gilmer, Texas. His father, Robert, was a butcher, and his mother, Verna McClelland Nelson, worked for a federal relief agency. He graduated from University of Texas at Austin in 1950 and University of Texas Medical Branch in 1954.

Career
McClelland was a medical officer in the United States Air Force for two years and was stationed overseas in Germany for a time. After completing a residency at Parkland Memorial Hospital, he was hired as a faculty member at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. His specialty was in surgery related to the liver, pancreas, and biliary tract.

In 1974, McClelland created and was the first editor for the very successful Selected Readings in General Surgery, aiming to present to students and surgeons the most useful of medical-journal articles, now published by the American College of Surgeons. After 45 years on the faculty at Southwestern Medical Center, McClelland retired in August 2007. In September 2007, he was appointed Professor Emeritus of Surgery at the UT Southwestern Medical Center, remaining involved in medical-student education.

Assassination of John F. Kennedy and aftermath
On November 22, 1963, McClelland was working at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas, when President John F. Kennedy was brought in grievously injured. Despite the efforts of the three attending surgeons, McClelland, Malcolm Perry, and Charles R. Baxter, he died shortly after arriving. McClelland was the only member of Kennedy's surgical team who supported the idea that Kennedy had been shot from the front, thus the idea that there was a second gunman.

Two days later, McClelland saw on the news that Kennedy's assassin Lee Harvey Oswald had been shot. McClelland immediately went back to the hospital. Along with Tom Shires, McClelland worked unsuccessfully to save Oswald's life, as he was pronounced dead two hours after being shot. McClelland preserved his blood-stained shirt from attempting to save President Kennedy for the rest of his life.

Personal life and death
McClelland married Connie Logan in May 1958. She was the head nurse at Parkland Memorial Hospital, and the two also attended the same church. They had two daughters and a son. McClelland enjoyed reading, and insisted on having a bookcase in every room of his house.

McClelland died from kidney failure on September 10, 2019, at an assisted living facility in Dallas. He was 89.

Honors
In 1990, McClelland became the namesake for the Parkland Surgical Society's Robert N. McClelland Lectureship.

title: Robert N. McClelland


text:
Chen Shi (Three Kingdoms)

Chen Shi (fl. 217–229) was a military officer of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He previously served under the warlord Liu Bei in the late Eastern Han dynasty. His name is sometimes recorded as Chen Jie.

Life
Little is recorded about Chen Shi in history. Information about him is scattered throughout the biographies of different persons and across different years in the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the authoritative source for the history of the Three Kingdoms period.

Chen Shi was first mentioned in 217 when he participated in the Hanzhong Campaign under Liu Bei's command. Liu Bei sent him and ten other officers to lead their troops to cut off the enemy's route along the gallery roads at Maminge Path (馬鳴閣道; in present-day Guangyuan, Sichuan). However, they were driven back by Xu Huang, a general under Liu Bei's rival Cao Cao, and many of Liu Bei's soldiers fell off the gallery roads into the deep valleys and died during the attack.

The second mention of Chen Shi was in 221–222 during the Battle of Xiaoting, which was fought between Liu Bei and his ally-turned-rival, Sun Quan, the founding emperor of the Eastern Wu state. Liu Bei, then already the emperor of the Shu Han state, had amassed an army to attack Sun Quan and seize back Jing Province, which Sun Quan captured from him in 219. In the initial stages of the battle, Liu Bei ordered Chen Shi and Wu Ban to lead the Shu navy and station at Yiling (southeast of present-day Yichang, Hubei) in between the east and west banks of the Yangtze River.

Chen Shi was mentioned for the third and last time in 229, during the reign of Liu Bei's son and successor, Liu Shan. He participated in the third of a series of military campaigns led by Shu's chancellor, Zhuge Liang, against Shu's rival state Wei. This is historically known as the Battle of Jianwei. Acting on Zhuge Liang's order, Chen Shi led troops to attack Wudu (武都) and Yinping (陰平) commanderies and conquered them for Shu. The Wei general Guo Huai attempted to seize back the two commanderies from Chen Shi, but retreated after Zhuge Liang had personally led an army from Jianwei (建威) to reinforce Chen Shi.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms
In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chen Shi was captured at the Battle of Mount Dingjun by Xiahou Yuan's forces, but was released in exchange for Xiahou Shang, who was captured by Liu Bei's forces. In the novel, during Zhuge Liang's third Northern Expedition, after committing a strategic blunder, he tried to push the blame to Wei Yan but Zhuge Liang held him responsible and executed him.

title: Chen Shi (Three Kingdoms)


text:
Anatoliy Kos-Anatolsky

Anatoliy Yosypovych Kos-Anatolsky (Анато́лій Йосипович Кос-Анатольський; 1 December 1909 – 30 November 1983) was a Ukrainian composer. People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR (1969) and winner of Shevchenko National Prize (1980). Deputy of Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union in 1970–1978 years.

Biography
He was born on 1 December 1909 in Kolomyia (now Ivano-Frankivsk region) in the family of the famous Galician doctor Yosyf Kos.

While studying at Stanislav Gymnasium, he created a choir and began recording songs. In 1931 he graduated from the Faculty of Law of Lviv University, and in 1934 from the Lviv Conservatory. In the 1930s, together with Bohdan Vesolovsky, he was a member of "Jablonsky Jazz Chapel" ("Yabtso-Jazz"), later popular in the Lviv region. In 1934 – 1937 he taught at the Stryi branch of the Mykola Lysenko Higher Music Institute. From 1938 to 1939 he worked as a lawyer in the town of Zaliztsi.

The first independent creative work was the music for performances of the Lviv Music and Drama Theater (1941). During the war he was in Western Ukraine. From 1939 he worked as an accompanist of the Lviv House of Pioneers, a teacher at a music school. After the Second World War he became a member and since 1951 chairman of the Lviv regional branch of the Union of Soviet Composers of Ukraine, worked as concertmaster of the Lviv Drama Theater, and from 1952 – a teacher at the Lviv Conservatory (since 1973 – professor).

Died on 30 November 1983 in Lviv. His grave could be found in Lychakiv Cemetery (field No. 3) in Lviv. The tombstone was created by sculptor Emmanuel Mysko.

Legacy
Anatoliy Kos-Anatolsky is the composer of an opera, three ballets, symphonic works, a number of concertos and popular choral works, solo songs, romances. A lot of his works are influenced by Lemkos folklore.

Selected works

 * opera
 * To Meet the Sun («Назустріч сонцю», 1957, 2nd edition – 1959)
 * ballets
 * The Shawl of Dovbush («Хустка Довбуша», 1950),
 * The Jay's Wing («Сойчине крило», 1956),
 * Orysia («Орися», 1964, 2-а ред. 1967);
 * operetta
 * Spring Storms («Весняні грози», 1960);
 * cantatas
 * It Passed a Long Time Ago (1961)
 * The Immortal Testament (1963);
 * oratorio
 * From the Niagara to the Dnieper («Від Ніагари до Дніпра», 1969);
 * instrumental
 * two piano concertos
 * two violin concertos
 * harp concerto in F minor (1954)
 * selected choirs
 * Nova Verkhovyna,
 * On the Carpathian Mountains
 * selected songs
 * Oh you, girl, from the grain nut («Ой ти, дівчино, з горіха зерня», after Ivan Franko, 1956),
 * Oh, I'll go to the mountain («Ой піду я межи гори», own words, 1958),
 * Two streams from Black Mountains («Два потоки з Чорногори», after Petrenko)
 * White roses («Білі троянди»)
 * Starry night («Зоряна ніч»)

authors: Максим Огородник

title: Anatoliy Kos-Anatolsky


text:
Talk:Earl Butz

Untitled
This paragraph
 * Butz took over the Department of Agriculture during the last period in American history that food prices climbed high enough to generate political heat. His legacy would be to make sure that never happened again. In 1972 Russia, suffering disastrous harvests, purchased 30 million tons of American grain. Butz had helped to arrange that sale in the hope of giving a boost to crop prices in order to bring restive farmers tempted to vote for George McGovern into the Republican fold

Is taken verbatim from page 51 of Pollan's book. It should either be quoted or paraphrased. —Preceding unsigned comment added by DivF (talk • contribs) 07:12, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

Removal of libelous material
Several paragraphs were removed, all unsourced libelous material was removed, and the source given for the Air Force One remarks is not sufficiently reliable. Please see: Biographies of living persons and Reliable sources.--DO11.10 00:51, 23 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Poor Earl. The one thing he'll be remembered for, and fear of liability ensures the quote won't appear even here.  Google his name and "loose shoes" if you want to know what it was alleged he said.  Asat 04:34, 28 March 2007 (UTC)
 * The problem here is not an issue of "liability", the problem is a lack of reliable sources for the inflammatory comments. The citation that was provided was essentially a blog, however the official policy is that Material found in self-published books, zines, websites or blogs should never be used, unless written or published by the subject. If the comments can be attributed to a reliable source they can certainly be returned to the article. Really, just think, would you want people to quote something YOU might have said (true or not) on Wikipedia without a good source to back it up? I certainly wouldn't.--DO11.10 22:05, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

he might be known for actual agricultural work, too
Butz is mentioned heavily in "the omnivore's dilemma", in a discussion of the radical shift in how agriculture subsidies and controls worked during his tenure in office, leading to a huge drop in corn prices since then.

loose mouth
This is sourced (time magazine) and notable for two reasons - first, such a statement by the U.S. Sec. of Ag., acting in his official capacity, is clearly worthy of interest, as shown by the attention given by major media like time

Second, those old enough to recall the Nixon presidency will know that their was a great deal of hypocrysiy about foul language - in the privacy of the oval office, nixon cursed like a sailor, but in his public persona, he was pure and chastized others who were note. The butz quote is part of this presidential history. (not that nixon was alone in his hypocrysy, but I think he was more aggresive)Cinnamon colbert 13:26, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

The issue with that section is there is no context/history/detail of the quote. In its current state that section is junk. Im going to remove it. If you can give it more context and fit it into the article properly please re-write it. But as it is its a BLP/POV issue Betacommand (talk • contribs • Bot) 14:09, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Butz is famous more for his racist statements than for any policies he espoused in office. The context is already present in the article itself. I think the "no maka the rules" thing is germane, and well referenced. Uucp 14:20, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

 * There is a little context in the next section, but the section in question needs re-written, and expanded. As it is now is not appropriate for an encyclopedia. Instead of just throwing out that quote with only a shred of context, why not expand give the political and media response to it. and also make it NPOV. Betacommand (talk • contribs • Bot) 14:43, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

I have removed those versions from the history for BLP issues. While the section may be relevant, in its current version it is highly POV and borderline defamatory. Please consider heavily how to write it before it is reinserted. ^ demon [omg plz] 14:52, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Woh. It was a quote from Time Magazine, with footnote, and you blew away the history? Uucp 14:53, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

The quote used "niggers," not "coloreds." I fixed this, while uncensoring pussy and shit. Is it not unprofessional to censor profanity? We need not cater specifically to children. Quote him verbatim. If we have an article on "nigger," there is no reason to censor it when it was used in a quote. The DASHbot auto-reverted my edits, calling them "unconstructive." Fixing a quote to be accurate and removing the unnecessary censorship is not unconstructive and it is not vandalism.

Primary sources http://www.dailyrotten.com/ point to coloreds, not that this makes the riposte any less disgusting, but that's nixon for you, he was hardly known for promoting love and equality on any level of government.--Cymbelmineer (talk) 23:16, 4 October 2010 (UTC)

I'm not sure where or how this should be included but there's a pretty direct reference to this quote in Frisky Dingo 2x03 it's slightly modified but no doubt it was inspired by this quote. Comment? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:06, 15 August 2011 (UTC)

The direct quote now in the article appears to be correct. But I think part of the notability of the statement is the amount of exposure it got, and one report significant to me, at least, has been left out. I assume this is after the referenced and quoted article in Rolling Stone by John Dean; at the time of the scandal, Rolling Stone published a graphic consisting of a grid titled "What He Said And What They Said He Said", or something to that effect, and went on to list each of the sub-phrases in Butz' statement and what each of the other news outlets reported in their various bowdlerizations. I don't have access to Rolling Stone's "All Access" (presumably a part of their site behind a pay-wall) but I think it would be pertinent to this article to either reproduce the graphic here or at least reference it. I'm not doing so only because I choose not to create an edit that is not properly attributed, and such attribution may be possible with access to the "All Access" part of Rollingstone.com or to the original printed material. -Tzf (talk) 20:06, 17 January 2013 (UTC)

 * 1) There are no BLP issues any longer (he died).
 * 2) It was 'colored' in the original.
 * 3) The RS article is #223 (October 7, 1976) with Elton John on the cover, and the title of the Dean article Rituals of the Herd at the top (cover image here and here).
 * 4) If you want some context for Butz's comment, then recall that the Ford presidency was tainted by Ford's often having been seen as bumbling (see, e.g., LBJ quote 'can't walk and chew gum at the same time').  In the very week that Butz made his comment, Ford was in trouble for his own huge gaffe, this one of a political nature rather than a racist one, when he claimed in response to a question that Poland was not under the domination of the Soviet Union.  Any high school student of the time would have been yelled at by his Social Studies teacher if they had made a bonehead comment like that.  In any case, that's why Ford and not Butz was on the cover of Time magazine for the week in which Time reported on Butz's comment (10/18). I suspect that Ford was almost relieved (albeit disgusted, being the decent man that he was) about Butz's comment, as it drew some (but not all) of the fire away from himself, in what was one of the lousiest weeks of his presidency.
 * Mathglot (talk) 23:32, 27 July 2013 (UTC)

Earl "Rusty" Butz
It's variously mentioned that Earl Butz had the nickname "Rusty". If someone could dig out a good authoritative source on that, then maybe an incoming redirect of Earl "Rusty" Butz could be added. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:51, 2 October 2012 (UTC)

DoneDylPickle666 (talk) 05:22, 16 January 2019 (UTC)DylPickle666

Popular culture
"Earl Butz" is the name of the enormous pig in Jane Smiley's book "Moo". — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:47, 11 December 2014 (UTC)

Butz-Berry Debate
There is some confusion over WHEN the debate took place, '77 or '78. I am investigating and will correct if needed. brtom (talk) 16:26, 28 January 2023 (UTC)

Everything I'm seeing, with the exception of the Library of America chronology, points to November of 1977. So I have made the change.brtom (talk)

title: Talk:Earl Butz


text:
Caldwell catalogue

The Caldwell catalogue is an astronomical catalogue of 109 star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies for observation by amateur astronomers. The list was compiled by Patrick Moore as a complement to the Messier catalogue.

While the Messier catalogue is used by amateur astronomers as a list of deep-sky objects for observation, Moore noted that Messier's list was not compiled for that purpose and excluded many of the sky's brightest deep-sky objects, such as the Hyades, the Double Cluster (NGC 869 and NGC 884), and the Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253). The Messier catalogue was actually compiled as a list of known objects that might be confused with comets. Moore also observed that since Messier compiled his list from observations in Paris, it did not include bright deep-sky objects visible in the Southern Hemisphere, such as Omega Centauri, Centaurus A, the Jewel Box, and 47 Tucanae. Moore compiled a list of 109 objects to match the commonly accepted number of Messier objects (he excluded M110 ), and the list was published in Sky & Telescope in December 1995.

Moore used his other surname – Caldwell – to name the list, since the initial of "Moore" is already used for the Messier catalogue. Entries in the catalogue are designated with a "C" and the catalogue number (1 to 109).

Unlike objects in the Messier catalogue, which are listed roughly in the order of discovery by Messier and his colleagues, the Caldwell catalogue is ordered by declination, with C1 being the most northerly and C109 being the most southerly, although two objects (NGC 4244 and the Hyades) are listed out of sequence. Other errors in the original list have since been corrected: it incorrectly identified the S Norma Cluster (NGC 6087) as NGC 6067 and incorrectly labelled the Lambda Centauri Cluster (IC 2944) as the Gamma Centauri Cluster.

Reception
The Caldwell Catalogue has generated controversy in the amateur astronomy community for several reasons.

 * Moore did not discover any of the objects in his catalogue which are often very well known objects and not 'neglected' as claimed by Moore.
 * Its presentation as a catalogue with distinct designations, rather than a list, potentially may cause confusion amongst amateur astronomers as the 'C' Designation is not commonly used.
 * The list was promoted as an extension of the Messier Catalogue, however the objects are often arbitrary with many easily viewable objects omitted while some objects not readily available to visual observers are included.

Caldwell advocates, however, see the catalog as a useful list of some of the brightest and best known non-Messier deep-sky objects. Thus, advocates dismiss any "controversy" as being fabricated by older amateurs simply not able or willing to memorize the new designations despite every telescope database using the Caldwell IDs as the primary designation for over 25 years. NASA/Hubble also lists the 109 objects by their Caldwell number.

title: Caldwell catalogue


text:
Instructional design/Cognitive behaviors/Understanding/Page 2

What is Understanding?
Understanding is meaningful learning. It is usually contrasted with rote learning (memorization), although it is also distinct from skill application and generic skill application. So, what is the difference between applying concepts and understanding concepts? We saw in Module 3 that concept classification is a mental skill which requires us to classify instances as being examples or nonexamples of a concept. But for many concepts, classification is not important, or not even possible. The concept of an atom is a case in point. We will probably never need (or be able) to classify actual instances as examples, but we certainly can acquire an understanding of what an atom is.

There are two major kinds of change relationships: procedures, which are actions performed to achieve a goal, and principles, which are natural changes, including natural processes and cause-effect relationships. Procedures can be learned rotely. You can learn to follow steps successfully without having any understanding of why you are doing what you are doing, nor why what you are doing works. In fact, it is principles which give one that understanding. Behind every procedure there is at least one principle which explains why it works (although we may not have discovered the principle yet). Hence, it is not procedures which are directly understoodóthey are only understood by understanding the principles which underlie them.

Let's consider a principle like the law of supply and demand. To understand the relationship between price and the quantity of a good supplied (by producers) and demanded (by consumers) is to form a mental model which integrates it with what you already know. Each such mental model, or cluster of interrelated knowledge, is referred to as a schema.

Understanding is probably the least studied and least understood type of learning within the cognitive domain. Fortunately, it is an area which is currently receiving a lot of attention by learning psychologists.

Click Next to continue.

Source: Procedure Using by Charles M. Reigeluth. Used by Permission.


text:
Patriotic Order Sons of America

The Patriotic Order Sons of America is an American patriotic fraternal organization that traces its origins to the anti-alien riots of the 1840s. Founded in 1847 in Philadelphia, the P.O.S. of A. once had "camps" (chapters) in well over 20 states. At its peak, there were more than 800 Camps in Pennsylvania alone. Today, the society maintains a presence only in Pennsylvania, where it has 14 camps. The national headquarters are in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.

History
It was founded as the Junior Sons of America, which was established in Philadelphia on December 10, 1847, by Dr. Reynell Coates. This organization was for young men aged 16 to 21. and was a 'feeder' group for the Sons of America. The parent group died out not long after, but the Junior Sons continued. Only one Camp remained active during the Civil War, as most members had volunteered for the Union. Camps in southern states largely disappeared. Following the Civil War, it reorganized, changing its name to Patriotic Order Sons of America.

Distinguishing features of the Order are its opposition to unrestricted immigration and its support of free public education.

The entry for the group in Alan Axelrod's The International Encyclopedia of Secret Societies and Fraternal Orders contains a number of factual errors, but it reads as follows:

"The Patriotic Order, Sons of America (the name appears with and without the comma) was, like many organizations with “Patriotic” in their title, an anti-Catholic, anti-immigration Know-Nothing society. It originated as the Patriotic Order, United Sons of America at some time prior to 1847 in Philadelphia. The order disappeared with the collapse of the Know-Nothing Party, but was resuscitated in 1868, this time minus the epithet “United.”  The degrees were Red, White, and Blue, and the women’s auxiliary was the (Patriotic) Daughters of America.  The Patriotic Order, Junior Sons of America was founded as the junior branch in 1848, and the Patriotic Order of True Americans was the result of a merger between the Patriotic Order of Americans (another auxiliary) and the Daughters of America.  There was even (according to the Philadelphia Public Ledger of September 1, 1923) a “fun” or “mummers” division of the Patriotic Order, Sons of America, called the Rough Riders."

The P.O.S. of A. also played a significant role in supporting and helping fund the Centennial and Memorial Association of Valley Forge after Regent Anna Morris Holstein approached them to help with saving, acquiring and preserving Washington's Headquarters and a portion of nearby surrounding acreage, which today is known as Valley Forge Park.

Membership statistics, 1900
The P.O.S. of A. was organized under a National Camp, which had the power to issue charters to local camps, and also State Camps, which had a similar power. These are membership figures reported for 1900 to the 1901 meeting of the National Camp in Buffalo, New York.

Platform of Principles, 1933
From its origin in 1847, the P.O.S. of A. has been distinguished by its wariness of unrestrained immigration and its support of free public education for all. These distinctive features can be seen in its "Platform of Principles" adopted in 1933. It is not clear if this platform remains in force today, but the text of the platform is taken from a 1946 P.O.S. of A. publication, which reads as follows:

"Platform of Principles of the Patriotic Order Sons of America; Revised by the National Camp at Wilmington, Del., September 26th and 27th, 1933

The following is the platform of principles of the Order as enunciated by the National Camp:

Next to the love for the Creator, we believe that patriotism is one of the highest and noblest affections of the human soul.

We believe that, without patriotic citizens, the institutions of no country are safe, and that none will so jealously guard and protect them as those born and reared under their influence.

We believe that we have the best form of government for the masses on the face of the earth, and for the welfare, prosperity and happiness of all American citizens and their descendants, we desire to protect our form of government and to preserve it intact from the influence and control of any un-American sentiment or power, whether native or foreign.

By disseminating sentiments of loyalty and patriotism and by establishing a fraternal feeling of devotion to country among all its citizens, we hope to make it impossible for any one to live under the protection of the Flag of the United States of America who does not honor and revere it, and who would not be willing, if necessary, to render any sacrifice or service in defense of the principles of freedom and justice which it represents.

Realizing that the future welfare of our country rests in the youth of today, we especially invite them into our ranks, that, by taking active interest in the principles of our Order, and by practicing leadership fraternally, they may thereby more readily and intelligently become acquainted with the problems of government and in leadership among men that leads to a citizenship that stands aggressively for the highest duty of man—the preservation of its greatest purity and strength, the government of the people, by and for the people.

The bulwark of our liberty is our system of free public schools, and we must insist that they be kept absolutely free from all narrow sectarian or foreignizing influences, and that they be under the sole control of officers elected by the people. We are in favor of compulsory school attendance reasonably administered, and industrial education.

We shall always have with us the wise and the ignorant, the strong, the weak, the rich and the poor, and in order that all may enjoy a right to earn a livelihood, it is the duty of the government to protect the ignorant, the weak and the poor to the extent of equal opportunities under the law, and against all forms of oppression by wholesome regulations of industrial affairs.

We are opposed to the occupancy of any part of our land by foreign speculators or adventurers, and we believe that all the resources of the nation should be reserved for the exclusive use of American citizens.

We stand for a citizenship that so conducts its influences and action—socially, politically, morally and religiously—as to promote the highest welfare of our country, and pledges its full allegiance to our flag, and the liberty and justice to all that it represents. We demand the restriction of immigration, not on account of race or religious creeds, but upon physical, mental and moral grounds, that our country may cease to be filled with criminals, agitators against law and order, insane and paupers. With these exceptions, we cordially welcome all foreigners who come to this country with the honest desire of becoming loyal American citizens, and who sincerely disavow all allegiance to foreign governments.

We are opposed to any grant or donation of any land, money or personal property by the State or any public corporation, for any sectarian purpose, and to the appropriation or payment, from the public fund of anything in aid of any sectarian purpose whatever. This Order shall never be used to advance the political interests of any member from a partisan standpoint, or of any individual or political party; nor shall subjects of a partisan or sectarian nature ever be the subject of debate or discussion within our Order. A creed of the lips, denied and dishonored by the life, merits for its professor general contempt, and the creed of a true patriot, like that of a man of true piety, will control his every act as a citizen and direct all of his energies to the promotion of the highest welfare of his country and his fellowmen.

We invite all native born citizens who believe in their country and its institutions, and who desire to perpetuate free government, and who wish to encourage a brotherly feeling among Americans to the end that we may exalt our country, to join with us in our work of fellowship and love.

“We desire this declaration of principles to be taken and construed only at its face value, and that no additions nor variations shall be read into it, and our Order thereby be misrepresented. As an American fraternity, it is our sole purpose to stand for, and work openly for, a purer, nobler, more genuine American patriotism.”"

Race and the P.O.S. of A.
The Order's constitution, as of 1934 and 1946, contained the following language: "MEMBERSHIP QUALIFICATIONS. Section 1.—Any American male person shall be entitled to membership in the Order if he be of good moral character, at least sixteen years of age, a believer in the existence of a Supreme Being as Creator and Preserver of the Universe, born on the soil or under the jurisdiction of the United States, in favor of free education, opposed to any union of Church and State, and to the interference of any Foreign power, directly or indirectly, with the Government, and not affiliated with any secular, religious, or other organization opposed or antagonistic to the American System of free public schools. The provision of this article shall not be subject to the granting of any special permission by the National President or National Executive Committee."

While the above language does not mention race at all, some believe it was for white males only. Today, the order welcomes American citizens of all races.

Mission statement, circa 2019
The public website of the National Patriotic Order Sons of America contains the following mission statement:

"We support and pledge to defend the Constitution of the United States and the rights of every citizen to enjoy the liberties set forth in that document. To that end, we encourage the preservation of historic landmarks for the benefit of present and future patriots, so that they may never forget the sacrifices of our founding fathers and the patriots who continue to serve and defend this great nation. We also support the education of all citizens and teach respect and proper care of the American Flag."

title: Patriotic Order Sons of America


text:
User:Encore007/Mechanical systems

A mechanical system is a system of elements that interact on mechanical principles. Manages power to accomplish a task that involves forces and movement. Modern machines are systems consisting of (i) a power source and actuators that generate forces and movement, (ii) a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement, (iii) a controller with sensors that compare the output to a performance goal and then directs the actuator input, and (iv) an interface to an operator consisting of levers, switches, and displays.

This can be seen in Watt's steam engine (see the illustration) in which the power is provided by steam expanding to drive the piston. The walking beam, coupler and crank transform the linear movement of the piston into rotation of the output pulley. Finally, the pulley rotation drives the flyball governor which controls the valve for the steam input to the piston cylinder.

The adjective "mechanical" refers to skill in the practical application of an art or science, as well as relating to or caused by movement, physical forces, properties or agents such as is dealt with by mechanics. Similarly Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines "mechanical" as relating to machinery or tools.

Power flow through a machine provides a way to understand the performance of devices ranging from levers and gear trains to automobiles and robotic systems. The German mechanician Franz Reuleaux wrote, "a machine is a combination of resistant bodies so arranged that by their means the mechanical forces of nature can be compelled to do work accompanied by certain determinate motion." Notice that forces and motion combine to define power.

More recently, Uicker et al. stated that a machine is "a device for applying power or changing its direction." McCarthy and Soh describe a machine as a system that "generally consists of a power source and a mechanism for the controlled use of this power."

Example - multi-story house
A multi-story house is held at the top of a square shaft 5 meters by 5 meters by 100 meters down into the Earth. Explosive bolts hold the house at the top of the shaft. The house is square, about 4.9 meters by 4.9 meters and 12 meters tall. When detectors on the roof detect photons from a nearby asteroid hit or H bomb explosion: The bolts blow, and the entire house begins to descend into the shaft at 16 meters per second per second. Since this is faster than gravity, very short burn rockets are needed on the roof to help push the house downward for 1/4 second. The house decends 1/2 meter and the loose items in the house, including the people are levitated to about 1/5 meter off the floor. Next, the house descends at 9.5 meters per second = about 99% of the acceleration due to gravity, for 2 seconds. Lesser rockets will be needed to maintain this acceleration due to air resistance. The house descends 19 meters for a total descent of 19.5 meters. This means the house is clear of the top of the shaft, so the blast doors can finish closing about 1/10 th second later at t = 2.35 seconds. The loose stuff and people have returned to the floor. We next allow the people 1/10 th second to recover their balance t = 2.35 seconds at normal gravity, but the house is falling, so we need to hold the decent rate constant at about 23 meters per second to produce the sensation of not falling. The average acceleration for the first 2.25 seconds was about 12 meters per second so the speed of falling is 27 meters per second. From t= 2.25 to 2.35 the house falls 2.7 meters to a depth of 22.2 meters. We now need to decelerate the house to zero with respect to the bottom of the shaft. If we decelerate at 9 meters per second, deceleration time is 3 seconds and the people experience almost twice normal gravity during the 3 seconds. The house decends another 40.5 meters during the last 3 seconds to t = 5.35 seconds and 62.9 meters down the shaft. We should likely think about 100 meters as a safety factor, to allow gradual transitions and the possibility that the blast will accelerate the house down the shaft if it arrives before the blast doors fully close, or the blast doors fail due to the blast.

Advantages
Only 2.25 seconds warning of the blast are needed and the shelter is the house the family lives in.

Disadvantages
The house is small and the shaft may cost more than a million dollars to construct. An extra room is needed at the bottom of the shaft for survival supplies and equipment. A sloping tunnel is needed to the surface when it is safe to return to the surface.

title: User:Encore007/Mechanical systems


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/bscda.co.uk

Links

 * bscda.co.uk resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * bscda.co.uk is hosted on bscda.moonfruit.com
 * bscda.moonfruit.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 1 additions.


text:
User:TLF93

Hi there, I'm TLF 93. My major interest is history with special focus on the western magical tradition, which I've been involved with since the late 1980'ies. I have a special interest in the history of Aleister Crowley and the Orders and Societies assosiated with him.

title: User:TLF93


text:
Talk:Binghamton University Explorchestra

Does this article contribute anything-this is basically an undergraduate student club on campus. Is it really worth having an article for every extracurricular activity at every university?


text:
Aros/Platforms/Support for *nix

Windows
The mingw32 port is particularly interesting. Its a hosted port to Windows, and in essence uses the OS threading system to implement a minimal virtual machine, all within kernel.resource. It has a small bootloader that loads an ELF kernel, making it so that stock AROS i386 code can be used even on Windows which doesn't use ELF itself. The other thing it does is neatly split modules into host-side and AROS-side parts. The AROS parts are handled as normal modules, but in their initialisation they call into hostlib.resource (which is now contained within kernel.resource) to load and link the host-side part. These are standard shared libraries (ie DLLs) which can bring in any library dependencies they need, neatly avoiding the problem contained within the X11 and SDL drivers in that its kinda painful to find the needed libraries at runtime. This way, you just find what you need at link time.

Introduction
Best option is to use one of the virtual machines - see more here

Download latest mingw32-i386-system from here

Confirmed working with Windows XP SP2 (2010), ?

x86 32bit discussion thread here.

Experimental x86_64 bit build discussed here.

At the moment there is no network under windows hosted, I suggest virtual machine to test AROS network under Windows until work on hostio.hidd is done. It's a platform-independent remake of unixio.hidd which can work also on Windows (using overlapped I/O). As soon as it's done the task of porting Windows TAP becomes trivial. P.S. It will be even possible to port X11 display driver to Windows :)

Exec
See arch/all-mingw32/host_scheduler.c,  task  exception  handling. I have to  pass  argument  to  exception handler via register because i can't  modify  stack  inside Windows exception since Windows exception handler is running on the same stack as main code. Also note  that  i moved some code back to exec.library/Switch and exec.library/Dispatch. Now  kernel.resource   does  not  have  to #include exec's private stuff (etask.h).

There are issues...

But it's  not scheduling itself, It's some internal exec state maintenance, which is always the same. This idea  came to be after examining UNIX-hosted code. I know it is old, but it uses Dispatch for state change, and i liked the idea. I am working on fully functional kernel.resource for UNIX. I believe this follows AmigaOS philosophy to have these entry points patchable  in  order  to  be  able  to  install some kind of CPU usage monitor. Switch is called when some task loses CPU and Dispatch is called when another task gets CPU. The moved  code is always the same, it resets exec state. It's up to kernel.resource when  to  call  them  (and  it's  a  matter  of  task scheduling).
 * It spreads the scheduler among several modules. Part of scheduling is done by kernel.resource, part by exec.library. The only win is getting rid of etask.h include.

you do in that case? Doesn't different schedulers mean only core_Schedule replacement? It can  also  be  moved  to  exec. This will automatically  make  it  working on all architectures. Of course if we provide some  kind of access to CPU time. BTW, may be it can be based on timer.device's EClock? kernel.resource then will just call Switch and Dispatch in order to  notify  exec about task switching (note that kernel.resource still does the actual switching itself, so there is no arch-specific code in exec). Exec would do status update and accounting then.
 * Currently we support only RR scheduler. What, if we will need to add some more? Having Switch and Dispatch back in exec means, we need to implement different schedulers in exec, too.
 * Some schedulers (ppc efika, sam440, soon also the x86) access the etask.h in order to store some statistics there. Currently, the task re-dispatch  timestamp and total CPU time spend in the task are stored there. What would

If this file is mingw32 specific I think the path should be aros/mingw32/irq.h (or aros/windows/irq.h). This will allow to still cross-compile from anywhere and have in the end one SDK for all CPUs and archs.

Well, i can do it. But here is my last argument for this location... In fact  the location is $prefix/i386-mingw32/include/aros/irq.h. If you are working on AROS and you are installing a mingw cross-compiler, the    crosscompiler's   default   paths   will   also   end   up   in $prefix/i386-mingw32/include  and  $prefix/i386-mingw32/lib. This way the file appears right where it is expected to be.

And yes, there is libaroskernel.a which goes to i386-mingw32/lib, but it needs  mingw32  compiler  to  be build, so it is built only during windows-hosted   build. It just  can't  be  built  when  doing  e.g. Linux-hosted build.

So far, the thing is really half-done. If you still don't like it, i can make  this  include installed only for Windows-hosted build. This way we'll get this only in "mingw32-sdk" target, but together with its linklib. May be its even better (anyway you need libaroskernel.lib to use it)

All hosted ports. On non-Linux OSes it's impossible to acquire address 4 at all. After hitting problem with entry point i introduced a new macro, AROS_ENTRY, to mitigate this.

Debugging
Previously we always had a serial port. Currently we don't. And this is a pain. Theoretically we  could  substitute it with some other device (Ethernet,  USB,  etc.). These things are much more complex and require drivers to  function. I leave  out  necessary  protocols since with for example Ethernet we could use some simple raw protocol, just to be able to read messages.

So comes the first idea: we should have something that can be called "debug   channels". Every  debug   channel   can  be identified for example by name, supplied by the device driver.

This device driver needs: 1. Early initialization (while booting up the system) 2. Some way to supply its output channel to the system.

(1) is  solved  by  modular  kernels. Now about (2). We already have KrnPutChar and  KrnMayGetChar in kernel.resource. For simplicity, let's talk  only about KrnPutChar at the moment. We could have some additional function, like:

KrnRegisterDebugChannel(STRPTR name, APTR function)

Where name  is  channel  name and function is callback function like MyCallback(char c).

What happens when it is called? Let's remember that we have debug=XXX kernel argument  which  actually specifies where to direct the output (we  may run several device drivers providing debug output but we need only one of them). XXX could be some sting in the form:

For example, for serial port No2 on 19200 bps the argument could be:

debug=serial:2@19200

The argument  is  processed at early init, kernel remembers it. When something (driver) calls KrnRegisterDebugChannel("serial", SerOutput), the channel name is compared with what is given by debug= argument. If there's a  match, the kernel starts using supplied function for debug output from now on. What's with  parameters? Only the driver itself knows how to decode them. Obviously, before  starting  using the channel, it needs to be initialized. For this  purpose  the  driver  should provide one more callback,   like  MyInit(char  *params). So registration  takes  the following form:

KrnRegisterDebugChannel(STRPTR name, APTR InitCallback, APTR OutputCallback)

But what  before  the driver plugs in? Well, we have our screen. The only bad  thing:  we  don't know how to drive it. But, if we are more intelligent...

Generally there is either text or graphical mode framebuffer. At boot time is  known  to  us,  it's  either  text  mode  or  graphical VESA framebuffer. The only problem is warm reboot, where the screen is left by driver in some state, unknown to us. There are options:

a) Driver  should install a reset callback where it should reset the card back into text mode.

b) Driver  could  have  some  another  callback  which  would return VESA-alike  description of current state, so that existing display can be picked up during reboot.

By the  way,  the  same  thing  would let us to display friendly guru screens   instead   of  simple  rebooting. Just this  routine in the display driver should be crash-proof (it may not rely on interrupts, other libraries, etc., even on exec itself). And again we need some way to register this routine.

Can anyone  suggest  some framework for this? I'm exhausted on ideas here, especially taking into account that:

a) Display drivers can be unloaded in some situations.

b) There can be several displays, how to select the correct one (some displays may be not physically connected, for example unused connector on dual-headed card).

Now let's  remember  about  KrnMayGetChar. Currently AROS features built-in SAD  debugger. I picked it up from i386-native version and adapted  a little bit to the new environment. Now it perfectly runs on Windows-hosted, i  can run it using C:Debug command. In fact on other ports you  also  may  run it, you'll see a prompt in debug output but won't be  able to talk to it - KrnMayGetChar is implemented only in Windows version.

The current SAD  doesn't do much, but it just needs some attention  from developers. It can become a useful tool. Especially if we invent some way to run it when guru happens (like it was on classic Amiga(tm)).

So, back  to the topic. First, not all devices can be bidirectional. Second, why  not  for  example use own machine's keyboard? The driver then needs  the  following  functions:  InitCallback,  InputCallback, ReleaseCallback. Release function could be called when for example you leave the SAD, to give the device back to normal OS usage.

So far, we already have five functions (assuming that debug output is never released). If it somehow is, then we have six functions. May be  we should not have two registration functions, and have just one, taglist-based?

How to pair input and output channels? Assuming that devices are not bidirectional? Or may be we should not pair them at all, just allowing the user to specify the second argument, like "debuginput=ps2kbd"?

Introduction
Download from here

or

Would recommend installing git on your MacOS X machine and cloning the AROS sources via git:

$ git clone git://repo.or.cz/AROS.git

Then, you can use ./configure to set up your cross complication environment.

$ mkdir AROS.darwin-x86_64 $ cd AROS.darwin-x86_64 $ ../AROS/configure --target=darwin-x86_64 $ make -s   # This is a lot less verbose [get a coffee. Or five.] Then, to run AROS: $ cd bin/darwin-x86_64/AROS $ boot/AROSBootstrap

Some thing you might like to do:

1) Modify bin/darwin-x86_64/AROS/S/Startup-Sequence to run 'NewCLI' instead of 'WANDERER:WANDERER' - that will at least get you a full-screen text console.

2) Use the attached patch to create a 'C:RawEcho' command (build this with 'make -s workbench-c-quick') that you can use to emit debugging messages to the Mac OS text console that ran boot/AROSBootstrap

You can safely ignore this warning. Been running in this mode for the last 2 years. Confirmed it works with x86 10.5.8 Leopard 10.6.2 and 10.6.4 Snow Leopard. Don't forget to install x11 XQuartz), it's on the installation dvd. There should be an X11.app in /Applications/Utilities. If not, there's your problem.
 * | Your X Server seems to have backing store disabled!

When the bounty was created the mac was still PPC only, from recent svn logs it looks like it should also run hosted on Darwin PPC.

You don't need SDL, but you do need a X-Server for graphics. Newer versions of OSX usually have one installed already. Dunno if SDL would also be possible, on iOS it won't. Cocoa SDL needs special preparations in program's main to work.

Please check arch/all-darwin/README.txt for build instructions. Don't try to build contrib, some packages will fail, SDL_mixer and gmake IRC. Perhaps you forgot to add—target=darwin-i386 to configure? But, really strange, it doesn't need it on my machine.

Yep, the darwin 32 bit set. I had to move the binaries by hand into the path with names like i386-aros-gcc to make configure happy.

Isn't /usr/local/bin  in  your path already? The toolchain was built with—prefix=/usr/local. It should  work  fine  if  you  extract these two archives into your /usr/local.

There has been no time to complete GPT partition table handling  (it's  currently read-only, you can install AROS on a GPT  partition  but  you  have to use 3rd party tools to partition the drive). Writing GPT is currently enabled, but DO NOT TRY THIS. It WILL destroy  your  partition  table!!! CRC and  backup  table  are  not updated!!!

1. If you get hangups, perhaps AROS crashes behind the scenes. If you use VESA mode, you can see the debug log if you add 'vesahack' to the command  line. This will set up split-screen mode. In the upper half you'll see AROS screen, in the bottom - debug log.

2. If  you  get  crashes  at  early boot, try adding 'NOACPI' to the command line. ACPI stuff is very poorly tested because discovery fails on Mac (different ROM).

Self-build
Need to download XCode or install MacPorts. Warning: macports doesn't work with xcode 4.3. Use older version...

Run "./configure --target=darwin-ppc --disable-crosstools" and send the results if it fails (config.log and the terminal output)

If it succeeds... then any build errors 'make -s' generates.

If *that* succeeds... then any fatal errors 'cd bin/darwin-ppc/AROS; boot/AROSBootstrap' generates.

If *that* succeeds... it works!

If 'gcc -v' and 'make -v' work, you are 90% of the way there.

If you get a build error for missing libpng and netpnm, you can resolve that with Fink. Even better, go with Homebrew, there's a PPC fork which works fine on my old PowerBook :).

Once installed, it will allow you to get additional development packages that don't come with X-Code, ie:

$ sudo apt-get install libpng3

Building darwin hosted port try to follow the guide in arch/all-darwin/README.txt. There's no need to build cross-tools with—enable-crosstools switch (which may not work at all), because you should install Sonics prebuilt cross compilers.

The crosstools build process it wrong in fact. It relies on already existing link  libraries  and  startup  code, which can be built only using wrapper scripts. Of course on non-ELF hosts wrappers won't work. It should be done in quite another way, involving more steps:

 * Build binutils, they don't have any prerequisites.
 * Build collect-aros.  Its  env.h.cross file contains instructions how.
 * Unpack gcc,  configure  it  and execute 'make all-gcc' and 'make target-libgcc'. This will produce barebone C compiler.
 * Using this compiler, build AROS linklibs.
 * After this complete building gcc using 'make'. It will build also g++ with its libraries.

Of course  AROS includes should be made too before building gcc, but gcc itself isn't needed for this.

On Darwin  AROS is built using a preinstalled crosstools. Jason, your new configure  stopped supporting it and seems to use host's compiler with wrapper. This is impossible on Darwin. Then the darwin build needs to set—with-toolchain=... and—with-kernel-tool-prefix=ppc-aros-

The same  with Windows. I guess similar issue affects Android (there it uses Android crosscompiler as $KERNEL_CC and wrapper as $TARGET_CC. It's impossible  to  compile  Android binaries using Linux gcc, their ABIs are a bit different!

specify—with-kernel-toolchain-prefix=i386-aros- make query still prints /usr/bin/gcc for the kernel cc.

If you're compiling for darwin-hosted on darwin, you *don't* use—with-kernel-toolchain-prefix at all.

Or just use '--with-kernel-toolchain-prefix='.

Remember that 'kernel' is used to compile the darwin side of the AROS Bootstrap.

And everything that has compiler=kernel specified in the build macros like arch/all-unix/kernel.

There's no  more  compiler=kernel for AROS modules. It's impossible to link  together  different  objects on non-ELF systems (Windows and Darwin). compiler=kernel is used for:
 * 1) Bootstraps
 * 2) Host-side DLLs (intensively used in Windows-hosted).
 * 3) Support linklibs like libarosbootstrap.a

AROS modules directly interfacing with host OS now use another trick. It's still  $TARGET_CC,  but with -nostdinc -isystem $GENINGDIR. This allows to  produce  AROS  ELF  objects  which still adhere to correct host-side ABIs. If we  want  to know what will be our underlying host, we explicitly add  -DAROS_HOST_$(AROS_HOST_OS)  flags. This is  because there's no __linux__  (__darwin__,  __win32,  whatever) in AROS code, it's always __AROS__.

This can't  be  elf-wrapper  for hosted. In order to build something that runs  under  an  OS,  you  need  an  SDK  for  that  OS. In fact elf-wrapper is  the  same  aros-gcc,  but  produces statically linked (ET_EXEC)  binaries. This is  suitable  only  for  building  native bootstraps (which are running on naked hardware and self-contained).

Building Darwin-hosted under Darwin? configure's bug. Actually these architectures are Darwin, Windows and  Android. Their KERNEL_CC can't be used for building AROS code even  with  wrapper. So these  three  arches must enforce AROS crosstools, either built or preinstalled.

Support
How to substitute rmb with keyboard on laptop? CTRL doesn't do the trick. Go to System Preferences -> Trackpad. Check the "Secondary Click" box and select "Bottom right corner" from the drop down. Then you can press in the bottom right corner of track pad for right click.

BTW to access the AROS file-structure from OS X, just right-click and 'Show Package Contents'

For hosted systems we have driver that wraps AHI to the open sound system, see arch/all-unix/libs/oss. Probably it is possible to write a similar thing for darwin hosted.

In order to resolve the async I/O issue wonder why AROS can't handle this by means of AROS internal threading. This is exactly how asyncio.library does it as well. Threading could be inside 68k AROS or outside, i.e. Linux host threads.

From host's point of view AROS is just one thread. So if some of AROS processes calls  blocking  I/O,  it  blocks  the  whole AROS. No task switching will be done since no signals will be delivered. So this is related. AROS would have to be sub-threaded, with those threads being mapped to native threads (this is by the way something that is sometimes done in JVMs, also under Linux).

As to host threads, there's another large problem. Tried this with Android-hosted port  and  it  failed. When SIGARLM arrives, you can't tell which thread is interrupted. This completely screws up AROS' task switcher. Maybe it's worth checking how this is solved in common JVM implementations.

There is  already  a solution in the form of unixio.hidd. However it operates  only   on  file  descriptor. AFAIK eSounD  provides  only library-based  API  with blocking functions. There's no some form of a UNIX socket/pipe/whatever. You might want to try eSound: There's  one   problem   with  esound. It lacks  asynchronous  I/O capabilities, providing only blocking calls. You can  not  use  blocking  I/O  from  within AROS. This will cause blocking of  the  whole  AROS, including interrupts, and will provide very negative user experience.

Of course it's possible to implement oss.library which would work on top Core Audio. But i think it would be much cleaner solution to write self-contained AHI  driver  without  any extra API wrappers. It would better use CoreAudio possibilities and would not be restricted only to what oss.library has. Not saying that oss.library is a quickly hacked crappy thing.

to favour PortAudio over eSound - I don't know if the mentioned I/O issues reflect on that one as well or not. In general however direct OSS access does not seem to be the best solution, as eSound - and probably also PortAudio - as additional abstraction layer does ensure that in turn AROS is not blocking the host audio but proper mixing is done. In order to resolve the async I/O issue wonder why AROS can't handle this by means of AROS internal threading. This is exactly how asyncio.library does it as well. Threading could be inside 68k AROS or outside, i.e. Linux host threads.

Talking about sockets... maybe a native Linux audio client which is instructed by AROS over localhost IP connection would be a workaround. Mean, asyncio and SIGURG could work then...

Here's an example how some guys did develop a babyphone client/server (i.e. sender/receiver) using OSS and UDP sockets:

Of course it gets more complex if you want it connection based, with more reliability and upfront negotiation of audio settings - possibly could be done using TCP instead, with an appropriate header.

Debugging
Sashimi

Several days  before  i  ran  it on Linux PPC (where i wrote initial version of emul_dir.c), worked fine too. Is it a new build? It was a complete rebuild. The problem only happened with—enable-debug because the ASSERT_VALID_PTR was called during AllocateExt which was called during PrepareExecBase.

PrepareExecBase is really tricky. If you want to debug it, you can temporarily add  statically  linked  calls to KrnBug (copy the stub from kernel_debug.h and use it). Exec debugging is really not up there yet. However this  routine  should  be  simple  enough to not require any debug.

Reverted this and now link against libgcc.a. The problem with the missing symbol did not happen on Rosetta but was able to test it works now on a 10.3 G4 ppc ibook.

Now some debug output from Rosetta with my latest commits, without them you'll get only garbage. As you can see the value of klo is trashed after HostLib_Open. Trashing may differ depending on were you place debug output.

=
====================================================== --- workbench/libs/mesa/src/mesa/mmakefile.src   (revision 35709) +++ workbench/libs/mesa/src/mesa/mmakefile.src   (working copy) @@ -131,6 +131,7 @@            -I$(SRCDIR)/$(CURDIR)/../talloc \ -I$(SRCDIR)/$(CURDIR)/../gallium/include \ -I$(AROS_DEVELOPMENT)/include/gallium \ +           -I$(AROS_DEVELOPMENT)/include \

USER_CFLAGS := -DUSE_MGL_NAMESPACE -ffast-math $(FFIXED) -DMAPI_GLAPI_CURRENT

BTW, should it not be possible to use—with-crosstools? (And isn't that the default for most other archs now?). AFAIK—with-crosstools works incorrectly. Most archs currently use wrapper script around host's gcc. Crosstools are built  only  for MESA and only g++ is used then. Yes, it's really incorrect.

In fact  thinking  about  changing  this. I think that real crosscompiler  should  be  enforced  on  a host basis, not on a target basis. I. e. if we compile on non-ELF host (for example on Windows or Darwin), $cpu-aros-gcc is used. Otherwise wrapper script it used. This will make cross-compiling any port on any build machine quite an easy task.

Looks like you installed  the crosscompiler but didn't install AROS SDK into its directory (/usr/local/i386-aros/include and /usr/local/i386-aros/lib). c++ compiler  is  not wrapped up by AROS build system, so it doesn't supply Development/include to it. Perhaps adding this to mmakefile.src can be an option

Known flaws:

1. Stackswap  tests  crashes  in NewStackSwap, the reason is under investigation. However executables are ran flawlessly. I suggest the problem happens because of swapcontext nesting.

2. X11 driver has somewhat bad performance. Also there are some small problems  with   it. I suggest  they  happen  because  of  missing backingstore. It's possible to enable it, but it's somewhat tricky.

In fact X11 driver needs to be seriously rewritten, so that it will support screen composition and will work without backingstore. Also there are several obvious coding faults in it. Unfortunately i don't know X11 programming well, so i won't take this task for now.

Future:
 * x86-64 Darwin build.
 * ppc-Darwin build (with someone's help to test).
 * iPhone hosted port.

During testing  of  parts  of  Darwin-hosted build i came up to this again. Currently we  have AROS.boot file where we put name of architecture. Is it really needed to have the full name there?

This actually  prevents to have one boot disk for different machines using the same CPU. For example ppc-chrp-efika partition will not boot on ppc-sam440, despite they are the same! Personally i hit this issue when i  build  aros-base  and aros-strap kernel modules on Darwin and then  tried to boot them up on my existing Windows-hosted installation (since there's no aros-bsp-darwin yet).

I would consider two options:

1. Revert to checking C:Shell file. LoadSeg will not load binaries for alien  CPUs. So we  will be able to detect which partitions are bootable on which CPU (i remember this file was provided as a solution for problem of coexisting x86-64 and i386 installations)

2. Check only CPU with this file (e.g. 'i386' or 'x86-64'). This way we solve  both problems. Additionally in future we can be able to add more data to this file (like boot priority). This is the reason why we should keep the file.

A possibility to run AROS hosted on x86-64 MacOS. There's a problem.

Current AROS  executables  use  small code model, so they need to be loaded  into  lower 2GB on address space. This is no problem on native AROS and  on Linux we can use MAP_32BIT flag. However there's no such flag in BSD, and, consequently, on Darwin. Additionally Darwin  reserves  the  whole  low address space for own needs. Userspace begins at 0x1000000000. This means there's no way to get into lower 2 GB. The problem can be solved only by changing code model. This is so for the small code model for x86_64 right? Does there also exists a 'big' code model ? I also would like to get an idea of the implications on code size, stack usage, speed etc. of the different code models. Yes, of course. It imposes no limitations, but has negative impact on the binary size (all references are 64-bit). Small code  model  uses  special form of CPU instructions where all references are still 32-bit. Reference for models.

Darwin itself uses small PIC model for its executables (-fpic option is forced to always on). This allows to override this problem there. I can suggest to use the same on 64-bit AROS. However this means that -fpic option needs to become working on AROS in  general. In order to do this, we need to change linking process a bit. Instead of -r, -q needs to be supplied to ld. This will instruct it to  link a final executable (ET_EXEC) file, but keep relocs in it. Linking final  executable  involves  additional  magic  like  creating global offset table. I think it does not hurt to support different code models in the executables. And I also think that the default one to use for code should be able to run on all ports of AROS. I also think the default code model could be different on different CPUs, e.g. absolute on m68k, i386, PPC; relative in x86_64, PPC64, etc. Of course. On i386  the  default  is  small,  it  still  has  some differences,  i  don't  know which ones. I suggest to make small PIC a default code model on x86-64 AROS. However, for  this, PIC should be made working in general. Currently it doesn't  (try  to compile hello world with -fpic and see what happens).

The question is if it should be implemented now in main trunk or if it would be best to delay it to after the ABI_V1 fork where the current ABI would be branched in a separate branch. You could for example implement your feature now in branches/ABI_V1/trunk-piccodemodel64

I think we should look at how many people have a current x86_64 installation they want to run newer programs. Also how involved would it be to upgrade an existing installation. It's not  a  real  problem  as  the  first  set  of changes is fully backwards compatible. AROS will still load existing executables. I even can add one #ifdef to collect-aros and the change will affect only  64-bit AROS. 32-bit executables will still have old format. Just i don't  like  code  pollution  with  #ifdef's, and additionally if i implement  the change for all CPUs, all of them will get working  -fpic option. This will  not  change  default  code  model for anything other than x86-64. Just ELFs will become real executables (it's quite simple to modify our InternalLoadSeg to support them. I thought we had broken x86_64 binary compatibility several times in the past without a second thought (e.g. changing ULONGs to IPTRs in system structures). IMO it doesn't matter if we do the same with this change.

Anyway I am now quite advanced in the implementation of the split of clib the split is fully done and contrib-gnu compiles and runs mostly. BTW, are you aware of the fact that current arosc.library stores its thread-local  data  in private field of exec's ETask structure? I hope you changed  this  to something that uses only public API (like using AVL trees to associate thread data with process)? I just have a bug left in setenv/getenv and then mostly. So I don't think the waiting for ABI_V1 implementation to start this work would delay it for several months. We also need to align with the m68k people. This was one of the big things I have done in the ABI_V1 branch. The data is stored in an AVL tree. Is this soft of "handled in shared module per caller task storage". If so, could you point me to the codes in SVN?

It can be implemented right now. There will be only one problem: new executables will not run on older AROS. Old executables will still run on new AROS, i'll take care about it. Implementing this  will  allow to move further and implement special support  for  -fPIC  which would enable nice things like moving global variables into library base. Is it okay to go for this change? This implementation should not be the final implementation but keep the possibility to adapt the code model for AROS during the ABI_V1 implementation phase. Code model can be specified using -mcmodel gcc switch. Without any  changes  we can use all code models in non-PIC mode. My change's goal is to make it possible to build PIC binaries. PIC changes  x86-64 small model in such a way that it will work with any address range, limiting only size but not position of the code.

Work on x86-64-Darwin hosted AROS continues. It already boots up  into  Wanderer,  but lots of components crash. This happens because there  are  still many places where pointers are truncated by conversion  to  ULONG. On Linux-x86-64 you won't notice this because AROS memory is allocated in low region (below 2GB limit).

On Darwin  (like  any  other BSD) you don't have such a possibility. Darwin reserves  the  whole  low memory for OS use, and application's memory starts from 0x001000000000. This puts  some restrictions on what you can do in AROS. For example AROS can't  load  bitmap  fonts  and  diskfont.library  crashes. This happens because diskfont.library hits wrong addresses when it tries to process AmigaDOS hunk file loaded a high addresses. In order  to  prevent  loading  these  files  at  high  addresses  i introduced  MEMF_31BIT flag. This flag is set for memory regions whose end address is not larger than 0x7FFFFFFF. This flag is effective only on 64-bit machines. On 32-bit architectures exec.library ignores it, so there's no need to set it there. If someone is working on x86-64-pc port (Alain ?), he should take this into account. Memory initialization routine should make use of this flag and mark the appropriate region with it. On x86-64-Linux  hosted port this flag is set, so this port can load AmigaDOS  hunk files (and use bitmap fonts). This is because bootstrap supplies MAP_32BIT flag to mmap calls. Currently only  InternalLoadSeg_AOS  routine supplies this flag to AllocMem. However i  would say that there are more places where it should be used (for example, drivers for devices with 32-bit PCI DMA). I have  problems  with  implementing PIC support, so currently i use large  code  model to compile Darwin-hosted AROS. I will implement PIC later, this ends up in implementing own BFD backend in binutils. I don't know yet what code model should be used by default for gcc, but  it's definitely not small one. ELFs with small model create problem, because code  model  is not recorded anywhere in ELF, and i don't  know  yet  if it's possible to use some heuristics to guess it (for  example  detect specific  relocation  types). Currently program using small  code  model will  simply  crash  on Darwin-hosted AROS. Programs compiled with large code model (and PIC in future) will run on any x86-64 port. Even if  i  succeed in auto detection, this will not make small code magically run on all ports. Attempting to load it will end up in "File is not executable", nothing more.

An additional feature I would like is that you could decide which variables would go in libbase and which would be global to all libbases; implemented maybe with some AROS_xxx macro around the variable definition.

Additionally i  can  make  use  of ELFOSABI_AROS definition (ELF ABI number reserved for AROS). However this will impose  a requirement to use AROS version of binutils for linking, Linux ld will not do any more. I always would have liked to make AROS programs real ELF programs (with relocation info still present though) but I also think this should be something for ABI V1. Ok, i go for #ifdef in collect-aros then.

Currently AROS  build system does not support having different .conf files  for  different  arch/cpu. If this  is  implemented,  this  is possible. Anyway binary  compatibility  with  PPC  is  a  proposal for future. Perhaps it  will even be a separate AROS version. This is open to the discussion. Some of our leaders dislike MorphOS ABI and would not like to make it a default ABI for PPC AROS.

Anyway i  think  that LVOs should be as similar as possible. In fact this place  should  be the only place where LVO swapping takes place. There seem  to  be no other conflicting extensions between AmigaOS3.9 and MorphOS.

Will the ABI V1 C library allow to malloc memory in one task and free it in another? Not at the moment; I did not reimplement this feature yet as I did not find any code that seemed to use it. This is required at least by MPlayer - I had to add an ugly sharecontextwithchild function to current arosc.library to have this behaviour. So if I would be able to get the source code I can think of the best way to implement it. It does seem to be thread related.

 * http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Aros/Developer/ABIv1

If you talk about PIC and GOT, will this also mean we can have shared objects? We may be able to, but please please don't. Don't copy bad design decisions from OS4. OS4 programs using shared objects have the same startup slowness as on other OSes (Linux, Windows, ...). In fact  we can have them right now. Shared objects in AROS does not have to be PIC because every binary is relocatable by definition. However, yes, i agree that load-time linking is not good.

Find PPC Darwin ABI documentation, and compare with Linux ABI. If you carefully check the layout of stack frames you'll notice the differences and what causes the trashing. On ppc darwin called functions are allowed to write into a parameter area of the callers stack frame. I think this can be worked around by some C or Asm stubs around each host os call.

PS3 Port
So i should be in search of graphic drivers and sound and keyboard etc.Am i right to assume that i should search them in the linux version of ps3 ports? There is another problem,linux used to have the otheros option, and now that is no longer present in the PlayStation 3 firmwares upper than 3.21. So i can't use a custom otheros.bld file to do the boot.

Have setup the *psl1ght sdk from *http://psl1ght.com/ that makes it possible to create pkg or elf files that run on ps3 with custom firmwares. Now i am interested to do a new port of AROS to ps3 gameos with the help of that sdk as start .I know that there has been a port of sdl for ps3 gameos. You can use that as a reference on how to do certain things but also:

http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/geoff/ps3-linux.git;a=summary

http://repo.or.cz/w/freebsd-src.git/tree/HEAD:/sys/powerpc/ps3

http://www.ki.nu/hardware/ps3/

Remember the first one is GPL and even Sony copyrighted, do not copy and paste code from there. I seem to remember that even the last one did use GPL code for display at some point. Not sure if drivers of the projects I've linked might be of help, some of them maybe.

I am not certain how this could be done on the present firmwares.Although we have the advantage of running homebrew code on the gameos. So i guess i need a pkg application file to act as a boot loader for aros.Maybe i should try to find out more about petitboot ?that was a boot loader for ps3 try to make a pkg file out of it? I know that linux boot loaders on ps3 needed the other os function, but since this is for jailbroken machines that have the lv2 peek hack of geohot we have access to anypart of the memory region of ps3 so in theory the lack of otheros option would not prohibit the execution of other os (asbestos comes to mind).

I am trying to see what is needed to port aros to ps3 gameos.What would i need?I know of the ppc linux port,i am trying to make a new configure file to use.

As far as I understand the sdk uses cross compilers so it might be possible to add sections to configure similar to those of the MacOS X hosted ported which also uses prebuilt tool chains or check other native port which are usually cross compiled like sam440 or ppc-efika port.

I would suppose the sdk should provide a lot of the things needed, maybe not yet but over time. To sum it up.We need a boot application that initializes gfx,sound,usb,keyboard,blue ray and opens screen?Is that how aros works on linux?

Not exactly, a hosted port like on linux starts as a normal host program (arch/all-hosted/main.c) which acts as the boot loader then it jumps to the starting address (arch/all-unix/kernel/kernel_startup.c). A native port is similar, but it has to do a lot more work to take control over the whole machine. One part of this are device drivers but there is more. For example the sam440 port has to init some registers, the interrupt controller and mmu very early in startup. You can learn about all this by studying AROS source, after all device drivers have to be done the AROS way, the sdk examples and other gameos hackers code and maybe it's also a good idea to search for some Cell chip documentations at places in the net.

Then you need to set up things in the arch directory so it contains the parts specific to the ps3. Then make the sdk produce a binary that is loaded and started on the ps3. This usually is the boot loader that loads all the needed modules from boot media and then jumps into a starting address of one of those. Probably the boot loader will already have to set up some of the hardware so it can do its job, the rest can be done at a later stage. Additionally, you will need hardware drivers for the display, usb at least for keybord and mouse, harddisk and blue ray drive.

It is possible? What problems will present? I think it is possible, but it's not an easy task, the biggest problem might be not to give up at some point.

Btw. AROS does not need SDL, but we have an SDL display driver for hosted ports.

So i should be in search of graphic drivers and sound and keyboard etc.Am i right to assume that i should search them in the linux version of ps3 ports?

There is another problem,linux used to have the otheros option, and now that is no longer present in the PlayStation 3 firmwares upper than 3.21. So i can't use a custom otheros.bld file to do the boot.

I am not certain how this could be done on the present firmwares.Although we have the advantage of running homebrew code on the gameos.So i guess i need a pkg application file to act as a boot loader for aros.Maybe i should try to find out more about petitboot ?that was a boot loader for ps3 try to make a pkg file out of it?

I know that linux boot loaders on ps3 needed the otheros function, but since this is for jailbroken machines that have the lv2 peek hack of geohot we have access to anypart of the memory region of ps3 so in theory the lack of otheros option would not prohibit the execution of other os (asbestos comes to mind).

To sum it up.We need a boot application that initializes gfx,sound,usb,keyboard,blue ray and opens screen?Is that how aros works on linux?

title: Aros/Platforms/Support for *nix


text:
Rektorin

Etymology
From, from. Compare feminine.

Noun

 * 1) rectrix, rector (female); (headmistress, etc., of an educational institution)

title: Rektorin


text:
Andrés Correa

Andrés Correa Valencia (born 29 January 1994) is a Colombian footballer who plays as a left back for La Equidad.

Career
On 10 February 2015, Correa signed with MLS club Seattle Sounders FC. In December 2015, Seattle declined its contract option on Correa.

title: Andrés Correa


text:
User:Johnlloydwilliams/sandbox

The EasyEnglish Bible (EASY) is a translation of the Bible into very simple English. It is based on a vocabulary of 1200 well-known English words. The translation is designed for people who are learning English or who speak English as a foreign language.

The complete Bible was published on the EasyEnglish Bible website in 2015 along with a series of Commentaries and Bible Studies, which are also written in simple English. It was revised in 2018.

It is also available on the YouVersion Bible app.

The Gospels have been printed by the British and Foreign Bible Society.

The New Testament is available on the STEP Bible online platform by Tyndale House (Cambridge).

There are several free apps containing portions of the EasyEnglish Bible on the Google Play Store. The EasyEnglish New Testament app was the runner up for the 2018 “App of the Year” award in the Premier Digital Awards.

Translation Principles
It is a “meaning-for-meaning” translation, not “word-for-word”. It translates the meaning of phrases or whole sentences and changes the order of words if that makes the meaning clearer in English.This approach to translation is sometimes referred to as Dynamic Equivalence.

Spelling and Grammar
The translation uses British spelling, grammar and punctuation, which is the variant of English that is most often used in Commonwealth countries - see English in the Commonwealth of Nations.

It uses Oxford Spelling, which is the preferred spelling in the Oxford English Dictionary. So, for example, it uses a “z” rather than an “s” for words such as “baptize”. This is consistent with the spelling used by the World Health Organization and other United Nations Agencies.

The translation uses short sentences, short paragraphs, and simple grammar. It avoids passive verbs, idioms, split infinitives, and rhetorical questions.

Translation Team
The EasyEnglish Bible was translated by MissionAssist, which is a Christian charity based in the United Kingdom. MissionAssist is part of the Wycliffe Global Alliance and a member of Global Connections.

Base Text
Where different translations of the Bible have a different interpretation of the Bible text, the EasyEnglish Bible follows the Hebrew or Greek text, using the texts published and updated by United Bible Societies:

 * Old Testament: Biblia Hebraica Masoretic Text

 * New Testament: The Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece

title: User:Johnlloydwilliams/sandbox


text:
Allan Smart

Allan Andrew Colin Smart (born 8 July 1974) is a Scottish football manager and former player who most recently managed Southern Football League club Daventry Town, where he also briefly served as club chairman.

In a 16-year playing career, Smart appeared as a striker for Caledonian, Caledonian Thistle, Preston North End, Carlisle United, Northampton Town, Watford, Hibernian, Stoke City, Oldham Athletic, Dundee United, Crewe Alexandra, Milton Keynes Dons, Bury, Portadown, Burscough and Southport.

Career
Smart began his career with junior club Balbeggie and had spells with St Johnstone and Brechin City, but without appearing for either's first team. In 1993, he joined Highland League club Inverness Caledonian; the following year Smart made his Scottish League debut following the merger which created Inverness Caledonian Thistle with entry into the Scottish League Third Division, but was soon sold to Preston North End for a fee of £15000. Here he was sent out on loan to a number of clubs to gain experience and match practice. These clubs included Carlisle United and Northampton Town. In between these loan deals he also managed to make first team appearances for Preston. However, after just thirty-one appearances for the club he was signed permanently by Carlisle in 1996.

During his time at Carlisle he helped them to promotion to the English Second Division including key goals against Lincoln City in a 1–0 victory and in a 5–1 victory over Torquay United. In the following season he did enough to impress over two league fixtures against Watford that Hornets manager, Graham Taylor, would pay £100,000 for his signature in 1998.

When at Watford he helped them get promoted to the Premier League for the 1999–2000 season. He scored the second goal after coming on as a substitute in Watford's 2–0 victory against Bolton in the 1999 Football League First Division play-off final. Watford struggled to get a foot hold in the division as they finished 20th with just 24 points. However Smart still managed to score goals, including the winner against Chelsea and the equaliser against Tottenham Hotspur. He stayed with the club until November 2001, after two loan moves to Hibernian (where he scored once against St Johnstone) and Stoke City respectively. In his second and final appearance for Stoke he was sent off after a clash with Oldham's Darren Sheridan on 21 November 2001. He then signed for Oldham Athletic for a fee of £225,000 on 30 November 2001 and would ironically line up alongside Sheridan for his Oldham debut against Cardiff on 1 December 2001, a matter of days after their initial altercation.

His time at Oldham was both frustrating and disappointing for Smart, as he managed just twenty-one appearances during his season-long stay at the club, before being released at the end of the season. Since leaving Oldham in 2002, he had spells at Dundee United, Crewe Alexandra, MK Dons and Bury (where he scored once against Leyton Orient) before signing for Portadown in the close season of 2006.

In July 2007, Smart joined Conference North side Burscough on a season-long loan. When the loan deal expired, Smart made the move permanent as his Portadown contract had also expired. After the departure of manager Liam Watson from Burscough, Smart became the assistant manager at the club, whilst also remaining on the playing staff. In September 2009, he took up a full-time job, as Head of Youth Development at Southport, while temporarily remaining as player and assistant manager part-time at Burscough.

In November 2014, Smart took on his first position as a manager after replacing Darran Foster at Southern League Division One Central side Daventry Town.

After the shock departure of chairman Iain Humphrey in June 2015, Smart relinquished his role as manager to become Daventry Town's new chairman.

Personal life
Smart is divorced with four children. He is the son of a retired policeman.

In December 2001, Smart was involved in an incident after Oldham Athletic's Christmas party which saw him grab the throat of a barman, headbutt a fan of the club and cause £3,049 of damage to some hotel doors. In March 2002 he was arrested for assaulting a police officer in a brawl outside a police station. He subsequently pled guilty to affray, damaging property and assault with intent to resist arrest and was ordered to pay a £2,350 in compensation and costs.

In March 2017, Smart pled guilty to a charge of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm at Swindon Crown Court after he bit off the earlobe of a friend in April 2016. He was ordered to pay a fine of £1,500 and do 300 hours of community work.

Career statistics
Source:

 * A. The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the Football League Trophy and Football League play-offs.

Honours
Carlisle United
 * Football League Trophy: 1996–97

title: Allan Smart