text:
Edyta Nawrocka

Edyta Nawrocka is a Polish singer, songwriter, actress, dancer and TV presenter. Born in Wałbrzych and raised in Kołobrzeg. She performed dancing roles in stage productions until she decided to get into studio to record her own music. Her single "See More" (ft. Adam Tas) went down in history as the most played track in "DMC" chart of Muzyczne Radio. Her singles "Watch Me" (ft. Ne!tan), "New Chapter", "Escape This World", "Red Red Roses" (ft. Anna Montgomery) got to the top of "HOUSE 20 PL" chart of Muzyczne Radio and were played in "Hot Music Mix" auditions. She was the first and until now the only artist who recorded music videos in Maldives. Her video "See More" was in 5th place in "ONET TOP 10" ranking. Her singles "Nothing Else" and "Come 2 Me" from upcoming debut album "Realization" (ft. P-Turner) got to the top of Talent Pool by Spinnin' Records.

Since 2007 until now she is the news presenter in Telewizja Wałbrzych (WTV Media Group). She is also publicity movies producer and author of official movie relations of hugest Electronic Music Festivals and EDM music reporter. Interviewed Armin van Buuren, Fedde Le Grand, Sebastian Ingrosso, Dash Berlin, Nicky Romero, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Felix da Housecat, Sander van Doorn, Marcel Woods, Westbam, Remady & Manu-L, Curbi, D.O.D and many others.

In 2015 her "Golden Train Song" achieved more than 300,000 views on the Internet only. The song was published and broadcast worldwide in international and Polish media: NBC, Discovery Channel, Daily Mail, RTL, Die Zeit, TVN Poland, Onet.pl, Radio ZET, Radio Eska, Radio Wrocław, History (European TV channel), NDR, MDR, Deutschlandradio.

Since 2016 she cooperates with German artist agency Luxus Events.

Awards and honours
In 2014 she was titled "Hospice's Angel" for charitable activity.

In 2014 she was a panelist in Lower Silesian Women's Congress.

In 2013 she was a prizewinner of "Kobiece Twarze" (Women's Faces) Plebiscite in culture category.

In 2012 she won the Crystal in Lower Silesian Plebiscite "Kryształy i Kamienie" (Cristals & Stones), that honours unique personalities of sociocultural and political sphere.

In 2010 she was granted by the mayor of the city of Wałbrzych for the highest GPA during her postgraduate studies, community commitment and city promotion at national level.

In 2008 she won (next to Cleo) the first prize in POP category in All - Poland Music Competition "Studio Garaż" in Warsaw.

In 2007 she was awarded by Książ Castle Company in "The best student of the region" category for the highest GPA during her undergraduate studies and personal achievements.

In 2006 she reached the semi-finals in All – Poland music competition Eurotalent in Warsaw. She performed with the cover "Nothing Compares to you" by Sinéad O'Connor.

Education
2008 – 2010 Postgraduate Studies, Higher School of Enterprise and Management in Wałbrzych, degree course – Management, major – HRM Human Resources Management, master's degree;

2005 – 2008 Undergraduate Studies, State Higher School of Vocational Education in Wałbrzych, degree course – Leisure and Tourism, speciality – Travel Industry Services, major – Leisure Animation, bachelor's degree;

2002 – 2005 Wałbrzych no. 1 High School with bilingual sections

Shows
She mostly performs at clubs and music festivals. In 2010 - 2012 she gave several dozen concerts within the Muzyczne Radio Tour. Her concerts are dynamic vocal and dance shows. She is also known as Christmas performer, because of her annual Carols' Concerts and Christmas Shows. She was the main artist at the biggest Christmas Party in Poland at Explosion Club in Warsaw. She has appeared twice with Christmas repertoire at the market square in Wrocław during the biggest and most known Christmas Faire. She also performed at the hugest shopping malls during the festive season.

Acting

 * 2016 - "Trudne Sprawy - odcinek 613" (semi-documental series), role – Julia Bobrowska, on air: Polsat, produced by: Tako Media
 * 2015 - "Detektywi w akcji - Potajemne związki" (semi-documental series), role - Marzena "Meggie" Sowińska, on air: Polsat, TV4, produced by: Tako Media
 * 2015 - "Dzień, który zmienił moje życie - Dama Pik" (semi-documental series), main role - Agnieszka, on air: Polsat, TV4, produced by: Tako Media
 * 2014 - "Sekrety Sąsiadów - Powrót rabusia" (semi-documental series), main role - Izabela, on air: Polsat, TV4, produced by: Tako Media
 * 2014 - "Zdrady - Żona z daleka" (semi-documental series), main role - Kaja Glińska, on air: Polsat, Polsat Cafe, Polsat 2, produced by: Tako Media
 * 2013 - "Szaniawing - Szaniawski ma władzę" (reading of "Professor Tutka. Nowe Opowiadania" by, Jerzy Szaniawski). VIPs read Szaniawski during celebration of 50 season of Teatr Dramatyczny im. Jerzego Szaniawskiego w Wałbrzychu, directed by: Arkadiusz Buszko
 * 2012 - "Trudne Sprawy" (semi-documental series), main role - Julia Łęcka, on air: Polsat, Polsat Cafe, Polsat 2, produced by: Tako Media

title: Edyta Nawrocka


text:
! (Cláudia Pascoal album)

! (pronounced "blah") is the debut studio album by Portuguese singer Cláudia Pascoal. It was released in Portugal on 27 March 2020 by Universal Music Portugal. The album peaked at number six on the Portuguese Albums Chart.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: ! (Cláudia Pascoal album)


text:
Walter Skinner (disambiguation)

Walter Skinner was a fictional character.

Walter Skinner may also refer to:
 * Walter Skinner (MP), English politician, MP for Newport (Cornwall)
 * Walter Skinner (cricketer) (1913–1994), English cricketer
 * Walter Jay Skinner (1927–2005), United States federal judge
 * Walter R. Skinner (1851–1924), London-based publisher

title: Walter Skinner (disambiguation)


text:
File:Playbill Cover for The Children's Hour at Coronet Theatre.jpg

Rationale for use in The Children's Hour (play)

 * 1) For an article about a play, the Playbill cover is arguably one of the most important images that could be included.
 * 2) The image of the cover is being used as the primary means of visual identification of the play.
 * 3) No free or public domain images have been located for this play.
 * 4) The image is of lower resolution than the original cover (copies made from it will be of inferior quality).
 * 5) The cover is to suggest something of the play's genre and style.
 * 6) The cover is being used for informational purposes only, and its use is not believed to detract from the play in any way.
 * 7) The cover's use on Wikipedia is entirely encyclopedic in nature


text:
User:Ranjal008/sandbox

he is a student pursuing his graduation in engineering in the field of electronics and communication. he has recently became the student ambassador at mozilla firefox, and is a club lead at "TrailBlazers" club at hi institute of mozilla.

title: User:Ranjal008/sandbox


text:
Talk:Armin Mahrt

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Armin Mahrt. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090614015749/http://www.wvustats.com:80/football/player.php?team_id=308&person_id=1171 to http://www.wvustats.com/football/player.php?team_id=308&person_id=1171

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 06:45, 18 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Armin Mahrt


text:
Astrangia poculata

Astrangia poculata, the northern star coral or northern cup coral, is a species of non-reefbuilding stony coral in the family Rhizangiidae. It is native to shallow water in the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. It is also found on the western coast of Africa. The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists this coral as being of "least concern". Astrangia poculata is an emerging model organism for corals because it harbors a facultative photosymbiosis, is a calcifying coral, and has a large geographic range. Research on this emerging model system is showcased annually by the Astrangia Research Working Group, collaboratively hosted by Roger Williams University, Boston University, and Southern Connecticut State University

Description
Astrangia poculata grows in small clumps that are up to 5 cm across. The individual polyps are large and sit in stony cups known as corallites. The polyps are translucent and the colony has a furry appearance when they are expanded. In warm water and with high levels of light, this coral often houses photosynthesizing symbiotic protists known as zooxanthellae in its tissues, and then the coral appears brown. In cooler, or low-light conditions, the zooxanthellae may no longer be beneficial to the coral and may be expelled, and then the coral appears pale in colour. It can be confused with the southern cup coral (Astrangia solitaria), but that species has a more southerly distribution, is generally brown, may be solitary, has larger corallites 4 mm wide with 36 septa (stony ridges), and does not contain zooxanthellae.

Distribution and habitat
Astrangia poculata is native to the western Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea where its range extends from Cape Cod in Massachusetts to the Gulf of Mexico. It also occurs on the western coast of Africa. It occurs in encrusting clumps on rocks and is common under ledges and boulders, on pilings and on wrecks. It also occurs in deep water and detached clumps sometimes get washed up on shore.

Biology
Reproduction of Astrangia poculata takes place during the summer when eggs and sperm are liberated into the water column and fertilisation takes place. The embryos hatch into planula larvae which drift with the plankton before settling to the seabed and undergoing metamorphosis into polyps. Among zooxanthelate organisms, A. poculata is one of the few to have been studied with regard to the acquisition of zooxanthellae. It was found that there was no routine transfer of these symbionts from parent to offspring.

The polyps spread their tentacles to feed, gathering plankton and other food particles from the water passing by. The colony grows by budding, and in favourable conditions, the clump can grow at the rate of one new polyp every three days. In colder conditions it may stop growing and the coenosarc (soft tissues) may die back to some extent or lose symbionts via expulsion, rendering the stony skeleton prone to being fouled by other organisms and undergoing a winter quiescence. The base often hosts various boring or burrowing commensal invertebrates. Both temperature and symbiosis are known to influence the condition of the coral host, specifically with regards to wound-healing ability, but it is primarily season that drives microbiome structure in Rhode Island populations of the coral.

title: Astrangia poculata


text:
GCSE Science/Electricity multiple choice practice question 1 answer 2

Sorry this is the wrong answer

The current is determined by the voltage and the resistance of the kettle element. The fuse can't contol the current.


text:
User:Jon-Fredrik

I'm here to explore the possibility of forming a learning group / class / community dedicated to Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and/or digital signal processing.

First, a little background: I began teaching an informal course in MRI to medical residents and fellows at our institution, and realized that I was putting a lot of effort into creating teaching materials that must surely exist on numerous other personal hard drives out there. So, there I was reinventing the wheel, which in the end produces a set of learning materials that

1 only benefits a limited number of people 2 contains only a subset of information, designed for a particular narrow group/purpose 3 is not peer-reviewed, and may contain errors, etc. In addition, this practice is time- and cost-inefficient for myself, my institution, and my funding sources.

Wikiversity seems ideal for this...

title: User:Jon-Fredrik


text:
Academy of St. Aloysius

The Academy of St. Aloysius was a private high school for girls located in Jersey City, in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States, operated by the Sisters of Charity of St. Elizabeth. The school had an enrollment of 178 students and offered a college preparatory curriculum, an honors program and college credit courses.

The school closed in June 2006, as did the Academy of the Sacred Heart in Hoboken, New Jersey, another Sisters of Charity girls' high school, as they merged to form a new school, called Caritas Academy. Also run by the Sisters of Charity, was open from September 2006 until 2008 in the building previously occupied by St. Aloysius.

The school was a member of the New Jersey Association of Independent Schools.

Athletics
The Academy of St. Aloysius competes in the Hudson County Interscholastic Athletic Association (HCIAA), which includes 22 private and parochial high schools in Hudson County. The league operates under the supervision of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA).

Notable alumnae

 * Katherine Whelan Brown (1872–1942), politician who was the first woman elected to the New Jersey State Legislature.

title: Academy of St. Aloysius


text:
Seriation (statistics)

In combinatorial data analysis, seriation is the process of finding an arrangement of all objects in a set, in a linear order, given a loss function. The main goal is exploratory, to reveal structural information.

title: Seriation (statistics)


text:
supercee

Etymology
Presumed +, a respelling of the physics symbol  (denoting the speed of light in a vacuum; an abbreviation of both English  and ).

Noun

 * 1)  Faster-than-light travelling speed.
 * 2) * 1930, Information Access Company, Analog Science Fiction/science Fact, pp63{1}, 73{2}, & 77{3}
 * {1}But Man had always been a restless, persistent creature, and the stars called, and in an incredibly short space of time a highly-ingenious refinement of the theta drive gave him supercee.
 * {2}“What I can’t understand, Psy, is why in the name of Mira the Terrans couldn’t have been admitted to the Federation as soon as they developed supercee. […]”
 * {3}Offhand I’d say that the Terrans, when they hit on the secret of star-driving a planet, which isn’t much of a trick once the supercee principle is clearly understood, decided to go off on a hunt round the galaxy for a see-tee system.
 * 1) * 1960, A UTHOR UNKNOWN, Astounding Science-fiction, pp70{1}, 72{2}, & 73{3}; presumed to be an earlier work (1930 or earlier), as quotations 2 and 3 also appear in:

title: supercee


text:
Gemini Wind Farm

Gemini is a 600 megawatt (MW) offshore wind farm off the coast of the Netherlands. Construction started in 2015 with final commissioning in 2017. At the time of completion it was the second largest offshore wind farm on Earth after the London Array.

The wind farm consists of two parts. The first part with 75 turbines is located north of Ameland. The second part also with 75 turbines is located 55 kilometres north of Schiermonnikoog. The 150 wind turbines are Siemens SWT-4.0, each with a capacity of 4 megawatts.

The wind farm has been developed by a consortium led by Northland Power, while Van Oord is the main contractor. Initially it was expected that the wind farm would be ready in the fourth quarter of 2015, but the start of construction was delayed until 2015. Electricity production started in February 2016 when the first turbine was connected to the grid. In the first week of December 2016, all 150 turbines began producing power, and the project was fully commissioned in May 2017.

The total construction cost of the Gemini project is estimated at around 2.8 billion euros, and subsidies will be 3.6 billion euros.

Gemini has licences to operate the wind farm for 20 years. After this period, the wind farm and everything that has been introduced onto the seabed must be removed. A bank security of 40 million euros has been made available for this.

The first offshore service vessel with inverted bow and X-Stern was launched by Ulstein Group in April 2016 to service Gemini, housing 40 workers.

title: Gemini Wind Farm


text:
Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI

The Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI was an activist group operational in the US during the early 1970s. Their only known action was breaking into a two-man Media, Pennsylvania, office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and stealing over 1,000 classified documents. They then mailed these documents anonymously to several US newspapers to expose numerous illegal FBI operations which were infringing on the First Amendment rights of American citizens. Most news outlets initially refused to publish the information, saying it related to ongoing operations and that disclosure might have threatened the lives of agents or informants. However, The Washington Post, after affirming the veracity of the files which the Commission sent them, ran a front-page story on March 24, 1971, at which point other media organizations followed suit. "The complete collection of political documents ripped off from the F.B.I. office in Media, Pa., March 8, 1971" was published for the first time as the March 1972 issue of WIN Magazine, a journal associated with the War Resisters League. The documents revealed the COINTELPRO operation, and led to the Church Committee and the cessation of this operation by the FBI. Noam Chomsky has stated:

"According to its analysis of the documents in this FBI office, 1 percent were devoted to organized crime, mostly gambling; 30 percent were 'manuals, routine forms, and similar procedural matter'; 40 percent were devoted to political surveillance and the like, including two cases involving right-wing groups, ten concerning immigrants, and over 200 on left or liberal groups. Another 14 percent of the documents concerned draft resistance and 'leaving the military without government permission.' The remainder [about 15 percent] concerned bank robberies, murder, rape, and interstate theft."

The theft resulted in the exposure of some of the FBI's most self-incriminating documents, including several documents detailing the FBI's use of postal workers, switchboard operators, etc., in order to spy on black college students and various non-violent black activist groups.

Some 40 years after their successful infiltration, some of the perpetrators decided to go public. In 2014, Betty Medsger's book The Burglary: The Discovery of J. Edgar Hoover's Secret F.B.I. was released, which contains the burglars' description of the burglary and revealed the identities of five of the eight burglars. Filmmaker Johanna Hamilton also made a documentary titled 1971 (2014).

Members
On March 11, 1976, the FBI closed their investigation of the group's burglary without conclusively identifying any of the perpetrators. The members' identities remained a secret until early 2014, when all seven of the eight who could be found agreed to be interviewed by journalist Betty Medsger, who was writing a nonfiction book on the event: The Burglary.

Of these seven, five agreed to be publicly identified: Keith Forsyth, Bonnie Raines, her husband John C. Raines (who, 10 years prior to the burglary, was a member of the Freedom Riders), and Robert "Bob" Williamson; the mastermind and recruiter, William C. Davidon, died in 2013 before the book was published but had planned to reveal his involvement, as well. The other two burglars who were interviewed for the hardcover edition chose to be identified by the pseudonyms "Susan Smith" and "Ron Durst". On March 7, 2021, in recognition of the 50th anniversary of the burglary, Ralph Daniel of San Rafael, Calif., revealed himself to be one of the burglars. The last anonymous member, Sara Shumer of Berkeley, Calif. – in 1971 a political science professor at Haverford College (where Davidon taught physics) – disclosed her participation in 2024 for inclusion in coverage of the incident on the Ed Helms podcast, SNAFU.

The final burglar, Judi Feingold, had, unlike the others, fled across the country in 1971 and could not be found for 43 years. When she discovered that the other burglars were breaking their silence, she contacted Robert Williamson and eventually was interviewed by Medsger as well, which was included in the epilogue to the paperback edition of The Burglary.

Several months after the burglary, Forsyth and Williamson were also members of The Camden 28, a separate activist group which broke into a draft board to destroy documents, in order to impede the war draft and make an anti-war statement.

Burglary
The burglars did extensive surveillance of the FBI office, to ensure they knew when the office was empty and when the streets were unlikely to have police patrols. The break-in was perpetrated on the day of Joe Frazier and Muhammad Ali's Fight of the Century. The burglars confirmed in subsequent interviews this was done in the hope that the building manager and the residents upstairs would be glued to their radios to hear the summaries of the fight. While the contracts for the Fight of the Century forbade any live television or radio coverage, there were summaries after each round on the Mutual Broadcasting System on the night of the fight available to the public. Ali was himself a COINTELPRO target due to his involvement with the Nation of Islam and the anti-war movement.

The picture of the office shown in The New York Times' video corresponds to 1 Veterans Sq, Media, PA.

Statement
In a 2014 interview, John Raines said that while returning from the burglary early in the morning, the group had stopped at a pay phone, called a Reuters journalist, and delivered the following statement:

On the night of March 8, 1971, the Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI removed files from the Media, Pennsylvania, office of the FBI. These files will now be studied to determine: one, the nature and extent of surveillance and intimidation carried on by this office of the FBI, particularly against groups and individuals working for a more just, humane and peaceful society. Two, to determine how much of the FBI's efforts are spent on relatively minor crimes by the poor and the powerless against whom they can get a more glamorous conviction rate. Instead of investigating truly serious crimes by those with money and influence which cause great damage to the lives of many people—crimes such as war profiteering, monopolistic practices, institutional racism, organized crime, and the mass distribution of lethal drugs. Finally, three, the extent of illegal practices by the FBI, such as eavesdropping, entrapment, and the use of provocateurs and informers.

As this study proceeds, the results obtained along with the FBI documents pertaining to them will be sent to people in public life who have demonstrated the integrity, courage and commitment to democratic values which are necessary to effectively challenge the repressive policies of the FBI.

As long as the United States government wages war against Indochina in defiance of the vast majority who want all troops and weapons withdrawn this year, and extends that war and suffering under the guise of reducing it. As long as great economic and political power remains concentrated in the hands of a small clique not subject to democratic scrutiny and control. Then repression, intimidation, and entrapment are to be expected. We do not believe that this destruction of democracy and democratic society results simply from the evilness, egoism or senility of some leaders. Rather, this destruction is the result of certain undemocratic social, economic and political institutions.

Investigation
The FBI had up to 200 agents working on this case, but it was never solved, and the investigation was closed when the five-year statute of limitations ran out.

The burglars who were considered suspects and who were interviewed by the FBI (including John Raines, Bob Williamson, and "Susan Smith") did not cooperate or confess. Bonnie Raines, despite being the only burglar for whom the FBI had an actual facial composite, was ironically never named as a suspect or interviewed by the FBI. Judi Feingold disappeared into hiding. The FBI intentionally avoided interviewing the leader of the burglars, Bill Davidon, because he was an unindicted co-conspirator in the unrelated Harrisburg Seven case.

Documentary films
A documentary film about the burglary and its impact titled 1971 was produced by Big Mouth Productions and co-produced by Laura Poitras. It had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 18, 2014.

In fiction
This burglary is one of the historical events fictionalized by James Ellroy in his 2009 novel Blood's a Rover, the third part of his Underworld USA Trilogy.


text:
Music in film

? merge to Music

Welcome to the Wikiversity Department of Music in Film, part of the School of Music.

Department description
Participants study the history of music in film and create sound tracks for new movies.

Department news

 * 4 September 2006 - Department founded!

Learning Projects
Here are the current leaning project in the Department of Music in Film:

 * Wikiversity the Movie/music - participants make the sound track, including original music, for Wikiversity the Movie.

 * Creating music with your PC - participants make music using their personal computer.

 * [[Image:Crystal Clear app mp3.png|24px]] Film scoring introduction for filmmakers (non-musicians)   [[Image:Crystal Clear app knotify.png|24px]]

 * Theses are lessons for film directors and film editors who want to learn to make music for motion pictures. The lessons teach you how to use Apple's GarageBand to create moods for a dramatic scene. Part of the Wikiversity Film School.  [[Image:Mplayer.svg|24px]]

 * [[Image:Crystal Clear app mp3.png|24px]] Scoring for Musicians  [[Image:Crystal Clear app knotify.png|24px]]

 * Breaks down film scoring into the basic steps for musicians who want to expand their skills. After 15 very short lessons, you begin working with real scenes.   Developed in partnership with Wikiversity Film School.  [[Image:Mplayer.svg|24px]]

 * Note to Instructors
 * See: Learning Projects and the Learning model.

 * Learning materials and learning projects are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a link to the name of the learning project (learning projects are independent pages in the main namespace) and start writing! We suggest the use of the learning project template, by doing  on the new page.

 * Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.

 * Remember
 * Wikiversity has adopted the "learning by doing" model for education. Lessons should center on learning activities for Wikiversity participants. We learn by doing.

 * Select a descriptive name for each learning project. Learning projects can be listed in alphanumeric order by code, however code numbers are optional.

Degree plans
See: Degree plan

Streams
See: Stream plan

Active participants
Active participants in this Learning Group

The histories of Wikiversity pages indicate who the active participants are. If you are an active participant in this department, you can list your name here (this can help small departments grow and the participants communicate better; for large departments a list of active participants is not needed).

title: Music in film


text:
Computer Programming/Database Programming

Introduction
A database is a repository of information managed by a database engine which ensures integrity of data and fast access to the data.

A very common implementation of a database is a Relational Database Management System (RDBM). To users, the information in a database can be accessed by using Structured Query Language (SQL) a database language common to most databases. However, SQL only provides commands to access and manipulate the data in the database.

For any complex application, there commonly is a need for conditions, branching, and loops. None of these are a part of the SQL language. In order to fill this gap, many common programming languages allow integration with SQL through a common library such as Open Data Base Connectivity (ODBC), Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), and sometimes with application programming interfaces or libraries supplied with the database.

In addition, most databases now have a simple language of their own which allows simple control for applications which do not need the full power of standard languages like C++ and Pascal. These simple languages are used to write stored procedures and are proprietary to each database.

An alternate approach taken by other languages like MUMPS is to have a data model that includes persistent variables that are shared among multiple processes. This approach hides the database operations within the programming language instead of hiding the language within the database.

Stored procedure languages

 * Oracle PL/SQL Programming


text:
Pope's College

Pope's College, is a general degree college located in Sawyerpuram, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu. It was established in the year 1880. The college is affiliated with Manonmaniam Sundaranar University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

Science

 * Physics
 * Chemistry
 * Mathematics
 * Zoology
 * Information Technology

Arts and Commerce

 * Tamil
 * English
 * Economics
 * Post Graduate and Research Department of Economics : The Department of Economics is the leading faculty in the campus of Pope’s college. B.A Degree course was established in 1966 and M.A course was added in 1987. The department has been upgraded as a research institute to run M. Phil and Ph. D courses from the year 2011-12. The department also offers a certificate course on “Dress Designing” for first year students. God has blessed the department abundantly over the years with doctoral degrees in possession of many members of its staff. This is an incredible attainment in the outskirt of M.S. University, Tirunelveli. Pioneer Staff members of the Department : Former staff members and their service records are given as follows: Mr.G.R.Fredrick M.A (Eco)., M.A. (His.) (1962 – 1973); Mr.J.D. Rathnasingh (1968 - 1988); Mr.G Vedamanickam (1967 - 1989); Prof. K. Paul Dawson (1962 – 1970 & (1980 – 1993); Dr. T.Ananda Veda (1967 - 2003); Dr.T.Chibi Chelliah (1980 - 2010). Prof. C. Manickam, the only member in the faculty of History was also seated in the department.
 * Business Administration
 * Commerce

Accreditation
The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).

title: Pope's College


text:
Botany/Plant structure laboratory

I'm experimenting here with the practicality of having laboratory excercises as part of the Botany Study Guide Comments invited.

Leaves
Ludwigia palustris (Onagraceae)([[media:leaves_opposite.jpg|2x Enlarge]]) Examine this 'marsh purslane' plant and determine the following about its leaves:

3-1. Leaf arrangement is:
 * a) opposite
 * b) alternate
 * c) whorled
 * d) entire
 * e) smooth

3-2. Which of the following describes the leaves:
 * a) sessile, margin toothed
 * b) peltate, margin entire
 * c) sessile, margin entire
 * d) petiolate, margin crenate
 * e) petiolate and hirsute

3-3. Only one of the following statements is true:
 * a) A monocot with clasping leaves
 * b) A dicot with hairy, waxy leaves to reduce water loss
 * c) A monocot growing in relatively wet areas
 * d) A dicot with leaves opposite, leaf bases attenuate
 * e) A wetland plant with compound leaves

<< Chapter 3

Answers to Laboratory Questions:
 * 3-1 ~ a
 * 3-2 ~ d (but tricky, as petiole is about 1 mm long and margins weakly crenate).
 * 3-3 ~ d

title: Botany/Plant structure laboratory


text:
finca

Etymology
Borrowed from in the late 19th century.

Noun

 * 1) A country,  or  in Spain or Hispanic America.

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) farm or other rural land

Noun

 * 1) column (in a table or register)

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) real estate
 * 2) farm
 * 1) farm

title: finca


text:
Talk:2002 Gujarat riots/2006 revision

Here is the essence of the editing guidelines:

 * Editing

 * 1. Sign all posts to the talk page.
 * 2. Avoid characterizing the politics, motives, POV, or objectivity of material added to the article. Simple explain what you disagree with and why you disagree based on accuracy or that it disagrees with your point of view and then explain briefly what yours is.
 * 3. Avoid extrapolation of the above, e.g., "X supports Y, so if X says ___, it must be…"
 * 4. Work from the assumption for the five-day period that no one has a monopoly on the truth, even if one is certain that facts or evidence is 100 percent clear.

 * Talk pages

 * 1. Refrain from personal attacks.
 * 2. Refrain from characterizing the politics, motives, POV, or objectivity of other contributors.

Specific Incidents?
Ehsan Jaffery is an important incident and Kausar, Bilkis is not? They give a face and a name to the gory tales of Gujarat. Kausar Bano epitomizes the depravity of the riots, shes not a "specific incident", Does anyone disagree?
 * Yes, I do. There are many such incidents like Kausar and Bilkis, and need not be prominently featured. Jaffry is a public figure and counts for more. One of the problems with the original article was it's length, and paraphrasing is needed. Who can give a face and a name of the 80 million Hindus murdered by muslims over the course of 500 years, or the millions of kashmiri Pandits ethnically cleansed by them?Netaji 08:00, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Goodness me; two wrongs do not make a right alright, if Mughals and Mongols looted and plundered the petty Indian states, it was not out of intention of genocide. Nothing like a state orchestrated genocide of this inhumane nature has taken place. Even Nazis or Serbs were not so savage as what mobs perpetrated in case of Bilkis and Kausar. Kashmir and Kashmiri Pandit issues are owing to center's apathy, not collusion.User:Geek1975
 * What a steaming pile of revisionist bullshit! Countless historians like Will Durant and Sergei Trikolovich have firmly established, from muslim sources, that their intent in India has always been the total and complete genocide of the Hindu population. The destruction of our society and culture, and the complete annihiliation of all of our heritage. Muslim scholars note with glee of their intention to murer all Hindus ever since their invasions began. The death toll in Holocaust and Bosnia numbered in the millions. Here in Gujarat it was <1000. hardly a 'genocide', unless you are another anti-Hindu., or are on some sort of sick drug. The total and savage ethnic cleansing of the kashmiri Pandits has been the greatest atrocity in recent Indian history, and comparable with the expulsion of Jews from Spain in the middle ages in it's barbarity.Netaji 10:36, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Ah an erudite living for cause of Hindutava???!! "Hardly a genocide... some tens of thousand Gujarati Muslims lose life and limb and NHRC goes on record to claim that many bodies were "taken care of" the state machinery to keep the toll low and you have the sensibility and sensitivity of saying it was hardly a genocide... yeah perhaps if Serbs can go on killing Albanians then perhaps Gujarat riots were very justified... I am appaled at your efforts for justification. --12:08, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Maybe in your planet, not here. Even your unofficial (*cough liberalist *cough) death toll caps in the lower thousands. Tens of thousands? Why not just go to a cave in Waziristan and replace the dialysis machine of the chap who wants this kind of revisionism? Oh, and SIGN YOUR POSTS WITH 4 TILDES!Netaji 16:49, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry, 800 terrorist sympathizers do not count as innocent civilians. Forget that 250+ Hindus died too? That just means the Hindus crushed the Muslims in the riots, nothing more. Tens of thousands? what a jokeBakaman Bakatalk 14:48, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Netaji
I think major changes should wait till sat/sun when Netaji comes back. Otherwise the signors before me all despise Modi, Hindus, Hindutva, and Gujarat to varying degrees. Bakaman Bakatalk 03:55, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

BCorr requested that editors refrain from characterizing the objectivity of other editors. BhaiSaab talk 05:38, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

POV issues
Changing * "This was not purely a Hindu - Muslim riot.It was a very well planned carnage of a whole community" to * This was not purely a Hindu - Muslim riot surely changes the meaning completely.Why was this revision done? TerryJ-Ho 09:48, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Because you make it seen like Modi was like Hitler.Bakaman Bakatalk 21:18, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * "Planned carnage" is a biased statement. Bakaman Bakatalk 22:15, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Not if referred by independent sources TerryJ-Ho 00:27, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

TerryJ-Ho 00:47, 12 August 2006 (UTC) I don't think it challenges good faith. I am not accusing YOU of anything, I merely stated that a whole bunch of orgs were created for Modi-bashing as it has become fashionable for anti-Hindus to call Modi names, and pretend the BJP would perform a genocide to get votes. Bakaman Bakatalk 00:52, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Please give me a list of the sources that you will agree with and I will cite them.TerryJ-Ho 00:26, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Modi has been compared to Nero by Indian Supreme Court - if not Hitler - by Human Rights organisations - both within India and outside.TerryJ-Ho 00:26, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Please do not call online volunteers an independent organization. They have a "hit-list" of all BJP actions calling it some conspiracy. Its as if the BJP blew up women and children as an excuse to kill a couple hundred Muslims. Hindu people have better ways/reasons (Aurangzeb, Pakistan, Terrorists) to get revenge on their enemies than bomb a train themselves like some nutcases have stated. Many anti-Hindu organizations also created "sockpuppets" to fake a consensus on Modi's behavior.Bakaman Bakatalk 00:35, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * What if that is true?TerryJ-Ho 00:38, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Your second point challenges good faith.You have also not elaborated the sockpuppetry charge
 * Respect every users good faith, not only me.Most if not all of these organisations are long established.check -HRW,Amnesty,PUCL
 * Again - Could you name some sources that you would not challenge?TerryJ-Ho 01:01, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Official and Unofficial
When BJP itself has been charged with the state sponsored pogroms - how can it be trusted to be neutral in its descriptions and statistics. In this whole issue there are two parties - Right Wing Hindus led by the Sangh Parivar supported Gujarat Administration, and the common Muslims - One could have said the reporting from Muslims would be tainted but so far there has been no Muslim source used in the article. TerryJ-Ho 17:16, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Hindu mobs retaliated after the attack and human rights groups say that about 2,000 people, mostly Muslims, died in the weeks of fighting. But the government puts the toll at half that.
 * hrw does, and we have established that they are a questionable lot.Netaji 08:40, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Gujarat government who provided the stats itself was involved in organising the riots.So their stats are not to be trusted<IP_ADDRESS>

Catch up
Last edit
 * Added refernces to the official and unofficial estimates.

 * Removed weasel word " also called by certain sections of media as Gujarat Pogroms..." to also called as "Gujarat Pogroms, Gujarat Genocide", also called conveys the same meaning and even Gujarat Violence is a term employed by "certain sections of media"

 * There are some formatting errors can someone correct those

 * Will they let the edits remain unchanged..let us see..will they discuss let us see..TerryJ-Ho 23:33, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

Need to follow Wiki Guidelines
Bakaman made this edit in which he said that there should be no original research. I completely agree. We should adhere closely to WP:NPOV, WP:V, WP:OR, and WP:REF while writing this draft. BhaiSaab talk 00:10, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Language could be corrected in that edit, however, I feel that covered only a fraction of what the media has reported..Secondly the nature of riots should tell the nature and what else..Read that section now..better remove it if we dont want to discuss.I have spent three hours reading and noting items.Find it difficult to see it removed completely..correct it ..refine it..but dont delete it

TerryJ-Ho 00:44, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Online volunteers+BJP conspiracy
Thanks. Also onlinevolunteers.org does nothing on its website but call everything a BJP conspiracy.Bakaman Bakatalk 00:16, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * What if that is?TerryJ-Ho 00:38, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Plese do not push POV on wikipedia. The statements that "its a conspiracy" are put forth by such independent orgs as al-qaeda, Simi, Christian missionaires, and the CPIM. Not mainstream news or common sense.Bakaman Bakatalk 00:50, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but there is no scope for these names on this article.Onlinevolunteers is not owned by these groups.Please refrain from diverting attention.TerryJ-Ho 00:56, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Its anti-BJP. It has an agenda other than OBJECTIVE NEWS-GIVING.Bakaman Bakatalk 01:01, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I think there should be a total ban on the term Anti-Hindu or Anti-Semitic Anti-BJP anti-Blah.. at least on these edits.These are the terms behind which people without any arguments are hiding.

There are reliable sources stating that the government was involved in this. See. BhaiSaab talk 01:11, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

The BJP is a Hindu Nationalist party. What TerryJHo is doing is finding unreliable partisan sources, and then writing dubious stories of policemen raping women and stuff. I can make such allegations too maybe that aliens blew the train up to divide the human race, does that make them true? No. Allegations must be stated as allegations. The gov't is alleged to be complicit, nothing has (or will) be proven showing the BJP started or finished the riots. Moral support is not really involvement, otherwise Pakistan and al-Qaeda also were involved in these riots. Bakaman Bakatalk 01:25, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * NC TerryJ-Ho 01:37, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * NC? Bakaman Bakatalk 01:41, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * What TerryJHo is doing is finding unreliable partisan sources?TerryJ-Ho 02:01, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Instead of asking questions and finding POV orgs, first explain what NC means.Bakaman Bakatalk 14:38, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * No comments - I feel the text "What TerryJHo is doing is finding unreliable partisan sources?and then writing dubious stories of policemen raping women and stuff." bordering on personal attack violating the general and specific guidelines for this article.TerryJ-Ho 12:47, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I merely stated your actions. And the policemen rape stories are dubious as is onlinevolunteers.org . Bakaman Bakatalk 21:46, 15 August 2006 (UTC)
 * No these are not my actions.These are your explanations of my actions and they are personal attack.By the way why are they dubious?Did you do a field trip in Gujarat to investigate or did Bharatvani ,Panchjanya and Organiser - Sangh Parivar the patent holders of your truth write on them? — Preceding unsigned comment added by TerryJ-Ho (talk • contribs) 01:07, 17 August 2006

Qualify all sources

 * Reported bias in all sources must be qualified. Human Rights Watch is a questionable org that has been accused of anti-semitism and Islamist bias. Ney York Times is a liberal newspaper and has been accused of liberal bias. Arundhati Roy has been accused of anti-Americanism, anti-Hinduism and marxist Bias. koenraad Elst has been accused of pro-Hindutva bias, Balbir Punj is a BJP member and so has a partisan bias. All these sources, when quoted, must be qualified accordingly.Netaji 20:35, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Not at all - the New York Times is a very reliable source and there is no need to qualify sources as long as they are reliable. Unless you can show that a specific report was biased or not trustworthy by using another reliable source, qualifying the source may be original research on your part. BhaiSaab talk 21:42, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Nein mein freund. Read the wikipedia article on NYT itself. Many sources have accused the grey lady of systematic liberal bias in all it's articles (every single one). That includes Gujarat riot articles, which are liberal, anti-India and anti-Hindu. It is highly necessary to say "Liberal Newspaper New York Times" as well as "Controvertial organization Human Rights Watch", just like saying "Hindutva Supporter Koenraad Elst" or "Hindu Scholar Sita Ram Goel" or whatever.Netaji 23:55, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Who is "the grey lady" and can you provide sources that have made these accusations? BhaiSaab talk 00:30, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Please look at New York Times. Grey lady is used there and NYT is regarded in the US as a "ultra-liberal" newspaper. Conservatives do not even read it, they read LA Times, Washington Post and Wall Street Journal.Bakaman Bakatalk 00:38, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

I've just taken a look at the article. Although I see accusations of a liberal bias, exactly what impact does that have to coverage of 2002 Gujarat violence? How do you know that a newspaper with liberal bias would tend to favor one side over the other in this article? Also, Bcorr has requested that we "avoid characterizing the politics, motives, POV, or objectivity of material added to the article." BhaiSaab talk 00:41, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * That's not fair. What if somebody went to articles on Jewish texts and started to quote anti-semitic websites that defame Jewish beliefs by quoting texts out of context? It is not fair to not qualify them, right? It needs to be qualified that neo-nazi/radical Islamist websites are anti-semitic. Likewise, if HRW has been accused of Islamist anti-semitism (they have), it needs to be mentioned that they have a systematic Islamist bias. Same with NYT, which has a systematic liberal bias, and needs appropriate qualification.
 * If you insist that sources are not to be qualified, then I am within the bounds of legitimacy to post links from fsiusa.org and hinduunity.org presenting their reports on the Gujarat riots without qualifying their bias, right? Fine, I'll do that also then.Netaji 00:53, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * That would breach guidelines. See Reliable_sources. I suggest you take this up with Bcorr. BhaiSaab talk 00:58, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * That only applies to "widely recognized extremist and terrorist groups" (read the literature). Last time I checked, neither fsiusa nor Elst were declared terrorists by any government org. Neither is HinduUnity or fsiusa recognized as terrorists. I agree that they are partisan, but so is hrw and NYT. HRW is "widely recognized" by Anti-Defamation League, Honest Reporting, NGO Monitor, the Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council (AIJAC), Abraham Cooper, Anne Bayefsky, Gerald Steinberg, Isi Leibler, Shimon Peres, Ariel Sharon, Uitzhak Rabin and Ana Palacio as anti-semitic and having an Islamist bias and therefore partisan also.Netaji 01:11, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * It does not only apply to "extremist and terrorist groups." Hindu Unity takes an obvious religious stance; it is not a reliable source. BhaiSaab talk 01:15, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Fsiusa does not. Doesn't have a manifesto of religiosity like al-Qaeda or LeT or whoever. It has been alleged of partisanship just like NYT. If fsiusa has to be quoted with qualification so must NYT. Btw just fyi, NYT has also published some anti-Islamic articles "bashing" the Taliban.Netaji 01:37, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I don't even know what fsiusa is. My other comments were just about the Hindu Unity website. I don't care if NYT has published articles bashing the Taliban; that does not indicate that they are "anti-Islamic." BhaiSaab talk 01:39, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * fsiusa is a source.Well, CAIR people said that the Taliban were a "model Islamic state" and "anointed by Allah to spread his glorious word throughout Afghanistan" (got it from a quote on CNN from a CAIR lawyer), so criticizing them is anti-Islamic, right? NYT is a radical secular liberal fundamentalist rag, "widely regarded" as such even by many muslim orgs like CAIR and should be qualified as such. Plus, NYT wrote very positive articles about Abdul Rahman (you know, the bloke who converted to Christianity from Islam). This is ultimate haraam in Islam and all apostates are to be killed immediately according to your beliefs. Thus, NYT has published an article that attacks Islamic beliefs and so is anti-Islamic. See? Why are you quoting an anti-Islamic source? That is just plain wrong and offensive to muslim sensibilites. Boo-hoo! Boo-hoo!Sniff!Netaji 01:52, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I do not agree with all the statements of CAIR, and I would appreciate it if you stopped assuming to know all of my personal beliefs. I will continue to use NYT articles here, considering WP:RS states "Publications with teams of fact-checkers, reporters, editors, lawyers, and managers — like the New York Times or The Times of London — are likely to be reliable, and are regarded as reputable sources for the purposes of Wikipedia." BhaiSaab talk 02:04, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Well the organizer also has a team of fact-checkers, reporters, editors, lawyers and managers, as does fsiusa and so are likely to be reliable by the same criterion. Bear in mind that if your goal is to manufacture an anti-Hindu article with exclusive citations from anti-India orgs like hrw and NYT then readers who are aware of this liberalism will not regard the article with any degree of legitimacy.Netaji 02:12, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * A while ago you said NYT is anti-Islamic, and now you're saying its anti-Hindu. Which one is it? If it's both, then it's probably neutral regarding these incidents. "Readers who are aware of this liberalism" have no bearing on the use of NYT in this article, since, by guidelines, NYT is perfectably acceptable to use. Also please "refrain from characterizing the politics, motives, POV, or objectivity of other contributors." BhaiSaab talk 02:43, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * NYT is liberal ie anti-faith ie anti-all-faiths ie anti-Hindu, anti-Islamic, anti-Jewish, anti-Christian anti-Buddhist etc.Netaji 03:32, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Well then it should be perfectly neutral when it comes to this article. BhaiSaab talk 03:51, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Liberal means pro-"oppressed". Since the Muslims are "oppressed" in India, the NY Times is duty bound to support them. Also, they hate conservatives like Bush and Shri Narendra Modi.Bakaman Bakatalk 03:55, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The New York Times is not bound to support anyone. BhaiSaab talk 04:08, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Sure they are. The Grey lady was formed by a liberal claque. They are paid to be liberal.Netaji 04:15, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Columnists can have whatever views they want. Celia Dugger is on Hinduunity's hit list, so she is a documented anti-Hindu. She has also been reported on Hindumediawatch.com for her anti-Hindu views. Since you said you have access to NYT files, find a competent columnist (Friedman and the like is good).Bakaman Bakatalk 04:13, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Hindu Unity's listing of her is hardly a reason to not use her articles. Checking the archives, she was the main commentator on this violence for the New York Times. BhaiSaab talk 04:19, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Nein mein freund, it was Ramesh Rao.Netaji 18:46, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Then why aren't her articles in my archives? BhaiSaab talk 18:47, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Her? Rao is a dude, Janaab!I have cited sources. See 'em.Netaji 18:49, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * My mistake. BhaiSaab talk 18:52, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Anti-Hindu Sources

 * The last edit by BhaiSaab was from an anti-Hindu and biased source. It was too long and without appropriate qualification.Netaji 06:10, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I have reinstated part of his edit aftr some paraphrasing.Netaji 06:40, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * So The Times and The New York Times are anti-Hindu sources? I don't really know how to respond. BhaiSaab talk 18:09, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Well yes, sort of. The grey lady does not have a single positive article about India. They are constantly bashing the Hindu population as part of a consistently liberal agenda of defamation, much like they do to Jews in their articles about Israel, for instance. You like that, don't you?Netaji 18:26, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Please refrain from making personal attacks. BhaiSaab talk 18:41, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Was this a personal attack? I'm sorry if you thought so.Netaji 18:43, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * You are well aware that you insinuated that I was anti-Semitic and/or anti-Hindu. BhaiSaab talk 18:45, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Netaji perhaps you should not insinuate anything. The facts are and here . Anyways even Blnguyen stated "I'm well aware of BhaiSaab's opinions about the Middle East". Lets leave ut at that.Bakaman <sub style="color:blue;">Bakatalk  18:55, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The only thing those diffs show is that I'm not particularly fond of the state of Israel and its activities. BhaiSaab talk 19:07, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Exactly, anti-semitism is a recurrently featured in those views. Very sad.Netaji 19:10, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Anywho let's drop this issue for now.Netaji 19:12, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Media Coverage of the Riots

 * I will shortly add a section titles "Media Coverage of the Riots" where I will detail both sides of the issue ie leftist, racist and anti-Hindu bias vs claims of factual reporting and any counter-arguments provided.Netaji 06:40, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Blog as a source
Why are you using a blog as a source? BhaiSaab talk 18:53, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Not an ordinary blog and not an ordinary blogger. Ramesh Rao is a collaborative scholar.Netaji 18:57, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * All right, I'll add a qualification that this is a blog.Netaji 18:58, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Checking in on how things are going...
As I have said to a few individuals, I appreciate that you are all working on the revision and I'm glad my suggestions seem to be helpful.

I want to make a suggestion that may (or may not) help to defuse some of the tension about this topic:

Perhaps there should be a separate article something like  Differing views of bias regarding the 2002 Gujarat violence ? I know that's a bad title, but perhaps you get the idea...

Does this make any sense?

Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 11:20, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Undecided, though I am not opposed to the idea - All established media sources except the Hindu right wing and their known supporters are in agreement on the gravity of these incidents - most call them massacre,pogroms or genocide. What if tomorrow supporters of Taleban differed on articles related to them.Will we create another article "Differing views of bias on War in Afghanistan".TerryJ-Ho 12:44, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Support. TerryJho, The Pioneer is not a Hindutva supporting newspaper, and most Human rights groups are anti-India anyways. The Muslims are the ones pushing taliban like "reforms" anyways. Characterizing Gujarat as Afghanistan makes no sense, and I request that you stop making racist attacks. Real genocide is the massacre of Kashmiri Pandits by Muslim terrorists and the Marad beach massacre by SIMI and NDF Muslim terrorists. 25% of those killed were Hindus, meaning it was merely a large-scale communal riot. Bakaman <sub style="color:blue;">Bakatalk 18:20, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Tacitly Support - Unfortunately, Ho here has a strong anti-Hindu bias, as can be seen by his POV on the original articla as user Lkadvani. Any newspaper that tries to refute the claims of the liberal cabal is partisan Hindu according to him. The fact is, in most communal incidents in India, Hindus have been the majority victims because muslim terrorists kill more per capita than Hindus. These riots were the release of pent-up tensions from decades of muslim violence and terrorism in Gujarat from Gangsters like Latif.Netaji 18:24, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

TerryJ-Ho >>These riots were the release of pent-up tensions from decades of muslim violence and terrorism in Gujarat from Gangsters like Latif
 * I have not yet made any remarks out of the subject matter while I see certain authors mentioning gangsters, terrorists,justifying killings based on per capita as if it is a competition, bringing in Israel which is hardly related to the topic.Please read again the guidelines.I request an admin reinforcement of the terms as agreed.
 * OK,we have already mentioned Modi's action reaction theory but this does not mean we should parrot each statement regarding the violence to end with ..Now let us get over it and detail how the pent up emotions actually translated into the killings of innocent Muslims on the road.TerryJ-Ho 20:15, 14 August 2006 (UTC)
 * PS: Please dont forget the "-" in my user name.

 * "Human rights groups are anti-India anyways" is too general . Could you qualify which groups and why?TerryJ-Ho 20:17, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Well Human Rights Watch is definitely anti-Hindu and anti-Semitic also. They have been officially charged with anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism is related to anti-Hinduism because the canards are the same (alleged secret conspiracy of Jews/alleged secret conspiracy of Brahmins, alleged usury of Jews/alleged usury of Banias , blood libels against Jews/blood libels against Hindus, disproportionate reporting of alleged human rights violations in Israel/India but neglecting far worse atrocities in muslim countries). Since the vast majority of the muslim world hates Jews and Hindus (except in rare cases when they have even greater enemies, like Iranian Shias supporting Hindus against Indian Sunni muslims, or Saudi Sunnis supporting Israel against Lebanese Shias etc) it is clear that an organization that reports biasedly in favor of them has a bias against both ethnic groups.Netaji 22:08, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

 * All the above is rhetoric.I dont see any explanations given only satements..Anti-Hindu x..Anti-Hindu Y..Jews and Shias and Sunnis.On an article on Gujarat what is Lebanon doing??TerryJ-Ho 01:10, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Of all,All Muslims hate Hindus good..I dont know why I have a Hindu girlfriend thenTerryJ-Ho 01:12, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Trying to convert by emotional misleading,perhaps? It has been known to happen.Netaji 07:58, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Please
Stop accusing each other of vandalism. This is a content dispute, pure and simple. Vandalism is a loaded word and it doesn't apply here. --Woohookitty(meow) 11:48, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Not when the content is unsourced (or the source does not say what the edit does) and the editor persistently reverts to it. That IS vandalism. He appears to have stopped, but he will continue (I know his type).Netaji 11:59, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Please assume good faith. And as I stated on your talk page, the difference between what Geek1975 said and what the source said is so small that it's hard to see the difference without looking very closely. And honestly, I can see where he got what he is saying. It took me several readings to see your POV on it. I don't believe it's enough to be called vandalism. Just please stop calling each other a vandal. Try to use dispute resolution and settle this calmly. I'm very close to blocking you both to enforce a cooling off period since protecting the main article apparently didn't bring that about. --Woohookitty(meow) 12:09, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Under normal circumstances, you'd be right. Here, however, I can't assume good faith here as this article is a well-known watering hole for biased anti-Hindu/Fundamentalist muslim elements (they constantly refer to this article on their hate sites and their posts are miraculously synchronized with edits by new users here on this article) so I must assume that a deliberately false edit has a malicious intent behind it. I will have to follow the French justice system of "Guilty until proven innocent" in this case.Netaji 12:14, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Sigh. I wish people wouldn't allow nationalism to rule their actions here. It's poisonous to what we are going for here. If you act on those assumptions, Netaji, you will be blocked. Assuming good faith is a pillar of Wikipedia. It's not something that we can permit to be optional or rescindable. If we allowed users to say "OK that's enough. I'm no longer going to assume good faith" then we'd have chaos. Just can't allow it. There is no excuse for blindly reverting users or refusing to talk to them because of the actions of others. --Woohookitty(meow) 13:14, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

please discuss before chopping of vital infos
User:Bakasuprman has just reverted well sourced facts from the article. I request him to desist from doing so; in case he finds the portion contentious, feel free to discuss it first —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Geek1975 (talk • contribs).

 * There is no correspondence between geek and myself anymore. This is in response to his hate attack of me and his vandalism of my user and talk pages.Bakaman <sub style="color:blue;">Bakatalk  22:50, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:2002 Gujarat riots/2006 revision


text:
User:Yuvraj Tiwari/sandbox

Yuvraj Tiwari (born 02 November 1989) is a Chartered Accountant, who qualified Chartered Accountancy Course in 2012. He is a Chartered Accountant by profession and a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. He has served in various companies and earned a good reputation in India.

title: User:Yuvraj Tiwari/sandbox


text:
User:Yyau001/sandbox

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the multifarious groups of cells that originate mainly from the peritumoral tissue or bone marrow and can be divided into two main types: M1 and M2. Among them are the infiltration of M1 tumor-associated macrophages in the early stages of tumorigenesis, which can secrete proinflammatory cytokines and turn in inhibit tumor growth. On the contrary, M2 tumor-associated macrophages are predominant in the late stage of tumor formation. Type II cytokines, which are secreted by them, can promote anti-inflammatory reaction and thus promote tumor growth. However, it remains unclear when M1 tumor-associated macrophages will be transformed to M2 tumor-associated macrophages, but tumor hypoxia is currently thought to be associated with such a shift. M2 tumor-associated macrophages secrete many proteases such as cathepsin, cytokines, and an epidermal growth factor. It is making the tumor-prone to growth, angiogenesis, which in turn violates other tissues.

Clinically, taking breast cancer as an example, in 128 patients in the first or second stage, it was found that more patients with M2 tumor-associated macrophages had a higher degree of histology, more angiogenesis, and worse overall survival M1 tumor-associated macrophages more, then just the opposite.

Macrophage is the common cells in breast tumors. It has a profound effect on the immune status of tumor tissues. Without disease, macrophages action as superior phagocytes for the body. Specifically killing and eliminating cells that are thought to be a threat. They represent the first line of protection and the bridge of connecting the intrinsic and adaptive of the immune system. However, the large number of tumor and the derived factors present within TME act to destroy the tumoricidal activity function of macrophages. Exposure to TME provides hypoxic conditions, growth factors and immunosuppressive cytokines that confer trophic macrophages to tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). These features promote tissue growth and repair and are an integral part of development so that macrophages within breast tumors are inadvertently authorized to promote tumor growth and metastasis.

title: User:Yyau001/sandbox


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/rafaelamelo.org

Links

 * rafaelamelo.org resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 5 additions.


text:
synkronisoida

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from and adapted with the verbal suffix.

Verb

 * 1)  To synchronise/synchronize.

title: synkronisoida


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of Spanish painters

The result was keep. Closing early on the basis that the nominator stated in their nom they want an early close if a relevant guideline exists. Since WP:CLN has now been cited, and nobody has recommended delete, speedy close would seem best. SpinningSpark 09:06, 21 September 2019 (UTC)

List of Spanish painters

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

What is the practical use of this list provided the existence of a relevant category? I don't know about any English Wikipedia policies (or practices) regarding this issue, so if there are any, feel free to snow keep (or snow delete) this list and I'll take it into consideration for future uses. Piramidion 13:53, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Arts-related deletion discussions. Piramidion  13:53, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Lists of people-related deletion discussions. Shellwood (talk) 13:59, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

The advantages of a list like this is that it can be annotated, it can include redlinks (preferably with a source to show some notability or at least verifiability), it can include painters without an article here but with an article on another Wikipedia (e.g. the Spanish one). At the moment, it doesn't have many of these advantages yet, but e.g. List of Belgian painters shows a bit of what is possible over time. Fram (talk) 14:02, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

*Strong keep Although I agree with you that the list needs improvement, List of Belgian painters being a good example of what it could become, this is no reason for deletion and the list should be kept. Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 16:30, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Keep per WP:CLN. Lists and categories go hand-in-hand.  Lugnuts  Fire Walk with Me 16:21, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Yeah, the guideline states that "arguing that a category duplicates a list (or vice versa) at a deletion discussion is not a valid reason for deletion and should be avoided." I guess this means a 'snow keep' in this case...--Piramidion 17:01, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I read the wrong thing, ignore. Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 16:32, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Keep, incorrect reasoning, per above comments. Deleting because of the "better as a category-list-template" argument (or any combination thereof) does not only not fit the guideline, but turns the guideline on its head. These arguments have always been and are always invalid. The guideline says that the three ways to create maps on Wikipedia - lists, categories, and templates - complement each other. They are separate. And are encouraged to be separate. Deleting any of these three ways to map Wikipedia because there is an existing category, or list, or template, violates the guideline. They are, by existing language, useful partners. Randy Kryn (talk) 23:39, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Keep per above editors. The existence of a category does not make a list redundant. Lists can (and often should) include more information than can be seen in a category listing. --Michig (talk) 06:48, 21 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
Talk:David Ascalon

External links modified (January 2018)
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title: Talk:David Ascalon


text:
1987 Brown Bears football team

The 1987 Brown Bears football team was an American football team that represented Brown University during the 1987 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Brown finished second in the Ivy League.

In their fourth season under head coach John Rosenberg, the Bears compiled a 7–3 record but were outscored 160 to 144. Walt Cataldo and Mark Donovan were the team captains.

The Bears' 5–2 conference record placed second in the Ivy League standings. They outscored Ivy opponents 117 to 97.

Brown played its home games at Brown Stadium in Providence, Rhode Island.

title: 1987 Brown Bears football team


text:
Talk:Harry Hoijer

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 14:29, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Harry Hoijer


text:
Spanish/Exercises/Greetings

^Lesson 1^

Matching Sentences
Match the sentences/questions (1 to 5) to their corresponding responses (a to e).

Soluciones a los ejercicios Solutions to exercices

^Lesson1^

title: Spanish/Exercises/Greetings


text:
Ghost Stories (2020 film)

Ghost Stories is a 2020 Indian Hindi-language anthology horror film, consisting of four short film segments directed by Karan Johar, Dibakar Banerjee, Zoya Akhtar, and Anurag Kashyap. It is co-produced by Ronnie Screwvala and Ashi Dua under their production banner RSVP Movies and Flying Unicorn Entertainment respectively. The film features an ensemble cast, including Mrunal Thakur, Avinash Tiwary, Janhvi Kapoor, Raghuvir Yadav, Sobhita Dhulipala, Vijay Varma, and Pavail Gulati. It was released on Netflix on January 1, 2020.

Ghost Stories is the third of three anthology films from Johar, Banerjee, Akhtar, and Kashyap. It was preceded by Bombay Talkies in 2013 and Lust Stories in 2018, the latter also being released on Netflix.

Zoya Akhtar
Sameera (Janhvi Kapoor), a young nurse, arrives to take care of an ailing bedridden elderly lady, Mrs. Malik (Surekha Sikri) in a desolate house. The former is needy, clutching at a reluctant lover Guddu (Vijay Varma); the latter, a stunner in her time. The lady's son is supposed to be taking care of the old mother for the duration between the change of nurses, but he is not around. Mrs. Malik tells Sameera that her son is sleeping in the next room, but no one is there. Later, it is revealed that her son left her alone for five days and she died of starvation three days earlier. The camera moves away from a shocked Sameera.

Anurag Kashyap
The story revolves around a pregnant woman named Neha (Sobhita Dhulipala) who babysits her late sister's child, Ansh (Zachary Braz). The obsessive affection of the boy and paranoia of a childless young woman assume terrifying proportions. Neha's mental illness begins to blur the line between delusion and reality.

Dibakar Banerjee
A man (Sukant Goel) arrives in a small town, Bees-ghara, to find it empty, except for a young boy and a girl. He is told that everyone has been eaten by the girl's father who is the councilman of Sau-ghara, the big town. At first, the man refuses to believe the person, but when he tries to go out, he encounters a zombie woman who attacks him. The boy rescues him, and back in the safe house, he decides to save the children and alert the local authorities. When he gets out and enters a school, he sees the blind principal behaving strangely. The principal suddenly runs away. The children explain that some people, in order to save themselves from getting eaten, started eating others too as the creatures do not eat those who also eat human flesh. As the man watches, the school principal screams and convulses on the ground. The girl's father, who resembles a hairy humanoid creature enters the school room. The creature's poor vision makes it unable to detect the presence of the man and the children until the girl, overcome by love for her father, goes near him, only to be killed and eaten by him. The other two, stunned, do not move for a day, and the monster leaves. The boy has an idea that they take the blood from the girl's remains and cover their faces with it so that the zombies will believe that they too are flesh-eaters and let them go. The entire town center is under surveillance by the girl's father and upon seeing the pair, he checks them personally. He grows suspicious of the boy, who in reaction, eats some of the flesh of the girl. The monster turns to the man, who remains still so as to be unseen, but gets scared and starts running, resulting in him being chased by the eaters. On his way, he falls into a pit trap. He is thrown the girl's hand so that he can demonstrate he is one of them. The man refuses to do so and screams as the girl's father pounces on him, only to wake up from what is supposedly a dream. The man is then confused as he wakes up in the same trap he fell into and runs towards Bees-ghara. Finding the place deserted and burning, he assumes the worst and cries that he failed to save the children. At the same time, a car comes, full of people who bear a striking resemblance to the eaters. The man is taken by them and they tell him that they are people of Sau-ghara and that nobody lives in Bees-ghara after they burned it down because it was a very inferior place.

Karan Johar
Ira (Mrunal Thakur) agrees to have an arranged marriage with the handsome and wealthy Dhruv (Avinash Tiwary) who dwells in a house his grandmother built. On the first night after her wedding, she sees her husband seemingly talking to the grandmother who died 20 years ago. Each night after that, the grandmother comes to bid good night to Dhruv, who seems to be the only one who can see her.

In spite of being an adult, he enjoys playing peek-a-boo with the dead grandmother. Ira questions the maid Shanti (Heeba Shah) and learns that when Dhruv was playing peek-a-boo with her, he accidentally pushed her down the stairs. The grandmother was severely incapacitated and in terrible pain. Despite this, she would make it a point to visit Dhruv each night to wish him a good night. The conversation ends before Ira learns the circumstances of the grandmother's passing. One night, Ira gets tired of Dhruv's attachment to his dead grandmother and storms into her room, still preserved as a shrine to her and screams at the grandmother to leave them alone. The next day, at breakfast, Shanti helps Ira stir her oatmeal. Midway through breakfast, Ira starts having severe stomach cramps and is helped to her bed by Shanti. As Ira lies writhing in pain, Shanti completes their earlier conversation, telling Ira that the grandmother had begged Shanti to put an end to her pain. Being the obedient maid that she is, she mixed highly poisonous castor seeds into her breakfast; thereby, poisoning her to death. The viewer is led to understand that Shanti did the same for Ira. Ira wakes up in a brightly lit room and sees the grandmother hovering over her. Confused, Ira asks how it is that she can now see her. She lets Ira know that this is because Ira is now in her world, implying that Ira is dead. Ira then turns her head to see other human forms while the grandmother tells her that those are the others who, like Ira, did not believe in her presence.

Cast
Zoya Akhtar
 * Janhvi Kapoor as Sameera
 * Surekha Sikri as Mrs. Malik
 * Vijay Varma as Guddu

Anurag Kashyap
 * Sobhita Dhulipala as Neha
 * Sagar Arya as Neha's husband
 * Zachary Braz as Ansh
 * Pavail Gulati as Ansh's father

Dibakar Banerjee
 * Sukant Goel as Visitor
 * Aditya Shetty as Little Boy
 * Eva Ameet Pardeshi as Little Girl
 * Gulshan Devaiah as girl's Daddy

Karan Johar
 * Mrunal Thakur as Irawati "Ira" Kapoor
 * Avinash Tiwary as Dhruv
 * Jyoti Subhash as Dhruv's Granny
 * Kitu Gidwani as Dhruv's Mother
 * Sumit Tandon as Dhruv's Father
 * Namrata Chopra as Ira's Mother
 * Kusha Kapila as Misha
 * Shataf Figar as Ira's Father
 * Heeba N Shah as Shanti

Production
In April 2019, it was announced that Anurag Kashyap, Zoya Akhtar, Dibakar Banerjee, and Karan Johar will be reuniting again after Bombay Talkies and Lust Stories for a horror film for Netflix. In August, Akhtar began shooting for her segment with Vijay Varma and Janhvi Kapoor. In September, Kashyap began filming for his segment with Sobhita Dhulipala and Pavail Gulati. Mrunal Thakur and Avinash Tiwary have been cast for Johar's segment. Karan Johar found his story through a talent agency. Line producer Shiva Korner and production manager Arun Kumar started shooting for his segment of the anthology on 1 October 2019 in Goa.

Soundtrack
The film score was composed and one song was guest-composed by Peji Shahkoti, while the rest of the songs were composed by Peji Shahkoti.

The lyrics were written by Shellee.

Reception
Saibal Chatterjee from NDTV rated the movie 2.5 stars out of 5 and wrote "Let alone genuine jump scares, the film does not even eke out moments that could be deemed spine-chilling".

Swetha Ramakrishnan rated the movie 3 stars out of on Firstpost and wrote "Dibakar Banerjee's political short film elevates an otherwise bland anthology that just isn't scary".

title: Ghost Stories (2020 film)


text:
Ralph's World

Ralph's World is a children's music group created by Ralph Covert, previously of Chicago-based indie-rock group the Bad Examples. Covert uses high rock and roll energy with kid-friendly lyrics.

Ralph's World's Green Gorilla, Monster & Me was nominated for Best Musical Album for Children, at the 48th Grammy Awards.

A collection of lyrics and artwork titled Ralph's World Rocks was released in August 2008 from Henry Holt Books for Young Readers.

"At the Bottom of the Sea" is likely the most well known song by Ralph's World, due to it being included on RCA Lyra mp3 players in the early 2000s.

Studio albums

 * Ralph's World (2001)
 * At the Bottom of the Sea (2002)
 * Happy Lemons (2002)
 * Peggy's Pie Parlor (2003)
 * The Amazing Adventures of Kid Astro (2004)
 * Green Gorilla, Monster & Me (2005)
 * The Rhyming Circus (2008)
 * All Around Ralph’s World (2010)
 * Time Machine Guitar (2017)
 * RWd10 (2021)
 * RWdChristmas11 (2021)

title: Ralph's World


text:
Bolshoy Urala

Bolshoy Urala (Большой Урала) is a rural locality (a selo) in Tlogobsky Selsoviet, Gunibsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 170 as of 2010.

Geography
Bolshoy Urala is located 44 km northwest of Gunib (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the Kunada River. Urala and Maly Urala are the nearest rural localities.

title: Bolshoy Urala


text:
Wikiversity:Original research

Original research which meets the guidelines of this policy is permitted on Wikiversity. Researchers devoted to scholarly investigation using sound, ethical methods are encouraged to develop and disseminate their work via Wikiversity. Wikiversity may also provide a useful forum for formal peer review.

Main points

 * Original research is permitted on Wikiversity
 * It is strongly recommended that original research pages be labeled with the Research project template so they are easier to find. People looking for research resources would be able to see all pages with this Template if they click on "What links here" in the Template toolbox.
 * All researchers are obligated to follow the research ethics
 * Authors of original research should seek and address formal peer review
 * Additional research guidelines for Wikiversity can be found at Wikiversity:Research guidelines/En
 * Wikiversity has pages that offer guidance for new researchers, such as Introduction to research and Research process. We also encourage Users to provide more personalized feedback on others' research.
 * All proposals, methods, reviews, and results related to original Wikiversity research should also be published on Wikiversity.

Wikiversity is not Wikipedia
Wikipedia does not allow original (primary) research (see Wikipedia:No original research). As described on that page, the policy against including original research in Wikipedia articles arose from the need to prevent cranks from publishing their ideas in wiki format and passing them off as valid knowledge.

The original Wikiversity proposal of 2005 proposed that Wikiversity should, "test the limits of the wiki model both for developing electronic learning resources as well as for teaching and for conducting research and publishing results (within a policy framework developed by the community)".

The creation of a system for dealing with research and publishing of results in a wiki environment is a major challenge facing the Wikiversity community.

The review process
Original research should be within the scope of Wikiversity, be conducted ethically, and be academically rigorous. Peer review through the research process can help to ensure research integrity.

Within Wikiversity, all original research should be clearly identified as such. Sometimes the boundary between original research and secondary research is not clear. A critical review of previously published ideas can lead to the discovery of a new piece of knowledge. The invariable Rule of Wikiversity is that all such discoveries arising from secondary research (see Synthesis of published material that advances a position) must be subjected to peer review.

The main types of peer review in Wikiversity are:
 * Casual peer review; This is automatic in the wiki user environment. However, casual peer review can be as dangerous as no peer review.
 * Peer review from formally trusted Wikiversity members; Formal internal peer review involves a formal system of critical review of the original research result(s). The results of the formal critical review are permanently linked to the original research results and serve as a stamp of validation or a stamp of rejection.
 * Peer review from external entities; It is possible to have Wikiversity projects peer reviewed from an external entity, such as by trusted experts on a local educational system such as a school. A certification of such peer review can subsequently be uploaded and linked from the corresponding Wikiversity work, and WV:Peer review verification can be performed for additional quality assurance.

Page protection
Since Wikiversity does not prevent participants from crossing the line into original research and since Wikiversity participants are also encouraged to document their personal learning experiences, page protection at Wikiversity is slightly more complex than at Wikipedia. Wikiversity incorporates the page protection system of Wikipedia, but adds an additional element. Registered Wikiversity participants can protect pages that they create from modification by other Wikiversity editors. This allows Wikiversity participants to easily create "archive pages" that will document their own experiences, thoughts, plans and multiple stable versions of documents set aside for study and future reference. Decisions by Wikipedia users to protect pages are always subject to review and reversal by administrators. Pages that a user has created can be marked as protected using the page protection templates.

Research involving other Wikimedia Foundation projects
Research may involve altering other parts of Wikiversity or other Wikimedia Foundation projects in some way. This is permitted, so long as the alterations are not disruptive to the projects in question. In fact, Wikiversity participants are encouraged to constructively utilize the resources offered by the Wikimedia Foundation and identify novel ways to integrate Wikiversity with its sister projects. However, Wikiversity reserves the right to take action against Users who disrupt any part of Wikiversity or use Wikiversity to promote, coordinate, or commemorate disruption of its sister projects, even if this disruption is part of a Wikiversity research project. Such actions include, but are not limited to warnings about misconduct, blocks or bans of the Users in question and deletion of any shrines for vandals.

Policy proposal
This section is to keep track of various pages during the policy proposal.
 * Research
 * Research process
 * Research proposal
 * Publishing original research
 * Publishing
 * Help:Paper
 * Category:Research policy proposals
 * Category:Research

el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Πρωτότυπη έρευνα fr:Wikiversité:Recherche

title: Wikiversity:Original research


text:
Colby Quiñones

Colby RIchard Quiñones (born April 14, 2003) is a footballer who plays as a defender. Born in the mainland United States, he plays for the Puerto Rico national team.

Early life
Quiñones joined the New England Revolution academy from Seacoast United in 2017. In 2020, Quiñones spent time with the club's USL League One affiliate team New England Revolution II. He made his debut on August 15, 2020, starting in a fixture against North Texas SC.

Club career
Quiñones had committed to playing college soccer at Providence College in the fall of 2021. However, he signed a professional deal with New England Revolution II on November 30, 2020, ahead of the team's 2021 season.

International career
In 2021, Quiñones was called up to the Puerto Rico national football team January camp for games against Dominican Republic and Guatemala.

title: Colby Quiñones


text:
Greg Gbur

Greg Gbur (born June 29, 1971) is an American author and physicist who specializes in the study of classical coherence theory in optical physics. He is a full professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte in the Department of Physics and Optical Science.

Education and career
Gbur got his B.A. in physics from the University of Chicago (1993), his M.A. in physics from the University of Rochester (1996), and his Ph.D. from the University of Rochester (2001) under Emil Wolf for the thesis "Nonradiating sources and the inverse source problem".

Gbur does research on the merging of singular optics with optical coherence theory. This work is aimed at improving free-space optical communications. He has also been very active in the study of optical invisibility and invisibility cloaks. He has recently applied the techniques of singular optics towards the design of superoscillatory waves for high-resolution imaging.

In September 2020, The Optical Society elected Gbur a Fellow, in recognition of "contributions to coherence theory, singular optics, and the intersection of these disciplines".

History of science
Gbur maintains an active interest in the history of science. He founded and co-moderated a blog carnival, The Giant's Shoulders, which focused on the history of science and ran from 2008 to 2014. He maintains a popular science weblog, Skulls in the Stars, that seeks to elucidate science and its history for the public. Two of his blog posts have been included in "best of online science" books. He has contributed to Science Blogging: The Essential Guide.

He has written popular articles for a number of magazines, including La Recherche, American Scientist, and Optics and Photonics News.

Horror fiction
Gbur has written a number of scholarly introductions to classic horror fiction, including John Blackburn's Broken Boy, Nothing but the Night, The Flame and the Wind, Bury Him Darkly, The Face of the Lion, The Cyclops Goblet, and Our Lady of Pain. He also wrote an introduction to Archie Roy's Devil in the Darkness.

Books

 * (2011) Mathematical Methods for Optical Physics and Engineering, ISBN 0-521516-10-2
 * (2016) Singular Optics (Series in Optics and Optoelectronics), ISBN 1-466580-77-1
 * (2019) Falling Felines and Fundamental Physics, ISBN 0-300231-29-6
 * (2023) Invisibility: The History and Science of How Not to Be Seen, ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>428

Papers

 * G. Gbur, T.D. Visser and E. Wolf, “Anomalous behavior of spectra near phase singularities of focused waves”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002), 013901.
 * G. Gbur and E. Wolf, "Spreading of partially coherent beams in random media", J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 19 (2002), 1592.
 * H.F. Schouten, N. Kuzmin, G. Dubois, T.D. Visser, G. Gbur, P.F.A. Alkemade, H. Blok, G.W. 't Hooft, D. Lenstra and E.R. Eliel, “Plasmon-assisted two-slit transmission: Young's experiment revisited”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005), 053901.
 * C.H. Gan, G. Gbur and T.D. Visser, “Surface plasmons modulate the spatial coherence in Young's interference experiment”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007), 043908.
 * G. Gbur and R.K. Tyson, “Vortex beam propagation through atmospheric turbulence and topological charge conservation”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 25 (2008), 225.

Reviews

 * G. Gbur, "Nonradiating sources and other ‘invisible’ objects", in E. Wolf (Ed.), Prog. in Optics (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2003).
 * G. Gbur and T.D. Visser, "The structure of partially coherent fields", in E. Wolf (Ed.), Prog. in Optics (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2010).
 * G. Gbur, “Invisibility Physics: Past, Present, and Future”, in E. Wolf (Ed.), Prog. in Optics (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2013).

title: Greg Gbur


text:
Talk:Ken Jenkins

Untitled
Didn't he appear in an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation? I think he played Dr Stubbs, in the episode 'Evolution'.

I can't believe that no one mentioned (up to now) his work with that PBS math telecourse he did years ago, with the dude from those car wax ads. <IP_ADDRESS> 08:34, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

Broadway
I'm not from the US, so I know nothing of Broadway, but interviews and Scrubs DVD extras imply he was quite well known on Broadway. Doesn anyone have any knowledge of this? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:58, 3 December 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ken Jenkins


text:
List of protected heritage sites in Jemeppe-sur-Sambre

This table shows an overview of the protected heritage sites in the Walloon town Jemeppe-sur-Sambre. This list is part of Belgium's national heritage.

 * }


text:
Zammeh, Razavi Khorasan

Zammeh (, also Romanized as Zameh and Zemeh) is a village in Belharat Rural District, Miyan Jolgeh District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 456, in 128 families.

title: Zammeh, Razavi Khorasan


text:
User:Elementfivesingers/sandbox

Element 5 is a band of friends that started at 2/7/15. The band has five people, Josh Ingle, Wyatt Smith, Brynn Hart, Justin McCormick, and Sahra Lei. This is a band of talented musicians how love to sing and act.

title: User:Elementfivesingers/sandbox


text:
teknari

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) graphic artist, cartoonist
 * 2)  plotter

Hyponyms

 * (for a newspaper), (caricaturist, comic artist)

title: teknari


text:
Wikipedia:Long-term abuse/Korean hanja/"sexdoll" LTA

Basic information
Two major themes associated with this LTA:

Hanja: Deletes hanjas from Infobox Korean name templates across countless South Korean actor articles. Edit summaries sometimes include "Deleted hanja. Only the Korean names" or "Delete hanja that never understood", indicating a mere WP:IDONTLIKEIT justification. Despite being warned to first seek consensus on Template talk:Infobox Korean name or Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Korea, they ignores the warnings and persist in continuing their disruptive behavior on different IPs.

"Sexdoll": Possibly connected to the hanja LTA, given that some of their IPs have been found within the same range. User is known to persistently vandalize random pages including deleting large chunks of content and adding phrases such as "sex", "sexdoll" or random nonsense such as "jhfdfhj" and "tyrijhhffr" in the article and edit summaries.

Targeted areas, pages, themes
Hanja: South Korean actors and actresses, around 30 years old and older

"Sexdoll": Random articles

Habitual behavior

 * They usually make two edits when they're trying to delete the hanjas, first deleting most of the infobox then copying and pasting it back, leaving out the hanjas.
 * The person also likes to persistently add the Lunar calendar birthday to Lee Byung-hun, even when told multiple times that Wikipedia only uses the Gregorian calendar for modern figures.
 * For "Sexdoll" LTA, that person likes to insert random messages as well as deleting huge amounts of content.

Other notes
Given the involved range, both LTAs are possibly connected. Been blocked three times as. IPs usually trigger abuse filters 61, 636, and 686 IP ranges, , and belongs to "sexdoll" LTA, but it is not known if these IP ranges edit in the same articles as the hanja LTA.

Confirmed and suspected accounts

 * - 3/8/2019
 * - 11/14/2019
 * - 2/13/2020
 * - 2/18/2020
 * - 4/19/2020
 * - Busan, ISP: LG DACOM Corporation - 5/7/2020
 * - 7/18/2020
 * - 7/18/2020
 * - 7/26/2020
 * - 8/7/2020
 * - 8/7/2020
 * - 8/7/2020
 * - 8/7/2020
 * - 8/7/2020
 * - 8/8/2020
 * - 8/8/2020
 * - 8/15/2020
 * - 8/15/2020
 * - 8/15/2020
 * - 8/19/2020
 * ISP: LG DACOM Corporation - 8/23/2020
 * - 8/23/2020 Jinju, South Gyeongsang, ISP: LG DACOM Corporation
 * - 8/31/2020
 * - earliest LTA edit on 2/27/2019, most recent edit on 9/2/2020
 * - 9/12/2020
 * - 9/22/2020
 * - 10/4/2020
 * - 12/16/2020 - South Jeolla

 * Sockpuppet category (if any): Category:Wikipedia sockpuppets of Korean IP-hopping hanja LTA
 * Suspected sockpuppet category (if any): Category:Suspected Wikipedia sockpuppets of Korean IP-hopping hanja LTA

__NOINDEX__


text:
User:QuiteCurious/be bold

'''Being bold is important on Wikipedia. So be BOLD!''' Being bold is important on Wikipedia.''' Being bold is important on Wikipedia.

title: User:QuiteCurious/be bold


text:
Talk:Dangerously in Love Tour/GA1

GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''

Reviewer: Calvin999 (talk · contribs) 23:21, 9 July 2012 (UTC)

Summary
I've actually gone through the prose and references and I can't see anything wrong, at all. There aren't any typo's, linking mistakes, reference mistakes etc. Really well written and you obviously checked the article throughly before nominating. Passing. Aaron  • You Da  One 13:54, 14 July 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dangerously in Love Tour/GA1


text:
User:Naizari/Books/Information Retrieval

Information Retrieval

 * Files and Storage
 * Character encoding
 * ASCII
 * Unicode
 * Windows code page
 * UTF-8
 * Text file
 * File format
 * List of file signatures

 * Information Retrieval
 * Information retrieval
 * Document retrieval

 * Pattern Match
 * Full-text search
 * String searching algorithm
 * Rabin–Karp algorithm
 * Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm
 * Boyer–Moore string search algorithm
 * Bitap algorithm
 * Aho–Corasick algorithm
 * Commentz-Walter algorithm
 * Regular grammar
 * Regular expression

 * Indexing
 * Search engine indexing
 * Inverted index
 * N-gram
 * Document-term matrix

 * Steps of IR
 * Lexical analysis
 * Stemming
 * Lemmatisation

 * Methods of IR
 * Standard Boolean model
 * Fuzzy retrieval
 * Vector space model
 * Generalized vector space model
 * Topic-based vector space model
 * Latent semantic analysis
 * Binary Independence Model
 * Probabilistic relevance model
 * Uncertain inference
 * Language model
 * Divergence-from-randomness model
 * Latent Dirichlet allocation
 * Precision and recall
 * Tf–idf

 * Search Engines


text:
Wikipedia talk:Userboxes/Location/Oceania

Missing userboxes
What no Easter Island userboxes? Catfurball (talk) 21:25, 2 February 2022 (UTC)
 * While Rapa Nui is a part of Polynesia, it is a Special Territory of Chile. If there is a big demand for userboxes, I'll create them. Yours aye, Buaidh  talk e-mail 02:44, 4 February 2022 (UTC)

I know that Easter Island is part of Chile. That I know of there is only one userbox, so I connected it to Category:Chile user templates. Catfurball (talk) 17:32, 4 February 2022 (UTC)

Autonomous administrative divisions vs Nations
How are the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, Norfolk Island, and American Samoa Nations of Oceania but Niue and the Cook Islands are simply "autonomous administrative divisions"? The former are all territories but the later are essentially states in association with New Zealand. I suggest that these be swapped. Lord Beesus (talk) 11:13, 7 December 2023 (UTC)