text:
Cardinals created by Pius XII

Pope Pius XII ((r. 1939 – 1958)) created 56 cardinals in two consistories. On both occasions Pius tried to bring the membership of the College of Cardinals to 70, the maximum established by Pope Sixtus V in 1586. The death of one cardinal meant his first consistory brought the College to 69 members, but his second consistory, through the prompt addition of another name after a cardinal-designate died, brought the number of cardinals to 70.

Pius was elected in 1939 by a papal conclave in which 62 cardinals participated. The Second World War forced him to wait until 1946 to hold a consistory to create cardinals. He then waited seven years as the membership of the College fell to 46 before holding another consistory in 1953, and it had fallen to 53 when he died five and a half years later without holding another consistory.

Pius' cardinals included Angelo Roncalli, who succeeded him as Pope John XXIII. He created the first native-born Australian cardinal, and the first cardinals from Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, and India; Teodósio de Gouveia was the first from Mozambique and the first cardinal to reside in Africa in the modern era. Those Pius named from Poland and Yugoslavia did not attend the consistory out of fear their governments would not allow them to return home.

By creating just four Italians out of 32 cardinals in 1946 and 10 of 24 in 1953, Pius transformed the geographic composition of the College of Cardinals. At the time of the conclave that elected him in 1939, 35 of the 62 cardinals were Italian. At his death in 1958, the Italians were 17 of 53. Over the same timespan, the number of non-Europeans grew from seven to 18.

18 February 1946
On 23 December 1945, Pope Pius XII announced he would create 32 cardinals at a consistory on 18 February 1946. The new cardinals came from 19 countries, with the number in the College of Cardinals from the Western Hemisphere growing from three to fourteen. Countries with their first cardinal included Chile, China, and Cuba; Mozambique got its first cardinal, though he was born in Portugal; Australia gained its first native-born cardinal. Only four were Italian. It was one of the largest groups of cardinals created at one time. Pius discussed the 70-member maximum, noting that it did not control his appointments, but said that he would adhere to it because he was already naming so many new cardinals. He said: "we have been anxious that the greatest number of races and peoples should be represented, so that this creation may portray in a living manner the universality of the church." The size of the College had not been as high as 70–the maximum established on 3 December 1586 by Pope Sixtus V–since the eighteenth century.

With this consistory, Italians became a minority in the College of Cardinals. When it was announced they were expected to hold 28 of the 70 places. The death of Cardinal Pietro Boetto on 31 January at the age of 74 changed the outcome of the consistory to 27 Italians out of 69. As a symbolic recognition of the end of World War II, two of the new cardinals, Bernard Griffin from Great Britain and Konrad von Preysing of Germany embraced when they met on 12 February in the Vatican. Agagianian, just 50, became the youngest member of the College, though his patriarch's title gave him precedence ahead of other cardinals created at this consistory. Of the 32, all were made cardinal priests but Bruno, a cardinal deacon.

The large number of new cardinals required moving the ceremony where the pope meets with the new cardinals from the papal apartments to the Hall of Benedictions, and for the public ceremony the papal throne was repositioned from the apse of St. Peter's Basilica to the steps of the Altar of Confession to allow for a larger crowd of spectators. Three of the new cardinals were unable to attend the ceremonies on 18 February: Johannes de Jong and Jules-Géraud Saliège were unable to travel to Rome because of illness, and József Mindszenty was having problems obtaining a visa to travel from Hungary. Mindszenty arrived for the public ceremony on 21 February, but José María Caro and Manuel Arteaga y Betancourt were suffering from influenza. The next day, when the new cardinals received their rings, Juan Guevara was sick as well. Arteaga and Guevara received their insignia in a private ceremony with Pius on 28 February. Anticipating he would never be healthy enough to travel to Rome, de Jong received his biretta in Utrecht on 28 February as well. Finally, Caro and Saliège received their insignia from Pius on 17 May. By then the number of cardinals had fallen to 68 with the death of one of the new cardinals, John J. Glennon, on 9 March.

12 January 1953
On 29 November 1952 Pope Pius XII announced he would create 24 new cardinals in a consistory on 12 January 1953. Eleven of them were Italian and the membership of the college would reach the maximum of 70, with 27 Italians. Two were thought to be virtual prisoners in their countries, Aloysius Stepinac in Yugoslavia and Stefan Wyszyński in Poland. Those from Ecuador and Colombia were those countries' first cardinals. Stepinac and Wyszyński chose not to travel to Rome, fearing they would not be allowed to reenter their countries. Another new cardinal was Angelo Roncalli, who became Pope John XXIII in 1958.

One of those Pius named, Carlo Agostini, died on 28 December at the age of 64. The next day, the Vatican announced Valerian Gracias would be made a cardinal, the first from India, allowing the College to reach its maximum membership of 70, with 26 of them Italian.

Reviving a custom that had been interrupted, Pius announced that he was granting the request of Catholic heads of state in four countries to serve as his legate in delivering the cardinal's biretta to six of them, either residential bishops in or papal nuncios to their country: Generalissimo Francisco Franco of Spain for Gaetano Cicognani, Benjamín de Arriba y Castro, and Fernando Quiroga y Palacios; the socialist President of France Vincent Auriol for Angelo Roncalli; the President of Portugal for Pietro Ciriaci; and President Luigi Einaudi of Italy for Francesco Borgongini Duca. At the consistory Pius sharply criticized Yugoslavia and in milder language Poland and said the honor he was showing to two of their citizens was meant to honor their countries as well.

After creating 23 cardinals of the order of cardinal priests and one cardinal deacon (Ottaviani) on 12 January 1953, Pope Pius three days later gave seventeen of them their red galeri, sixteen their titular church assignments, and Ottaviani his deaconry.

When Pius died five years later, his failure to make Giovanni Battista Montini a cardinal at this conclave was much discussed. Though still in his fifties, Montini appeared to be groomed as Pius' successor and had long been his right hand at the Secretariat of State. Pius appointed him Archbishop of Milan in 1954, and Montini even received some votes at the 1958 conclave, where his prospects would have been very good had he been a cardinal. Instead he had to wait for the next conclave in 1963 to be elected Pope Paul VI.

title: Cardinals created by Pius XII


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Literary sources for the origin of the Romanians

The result was   delete. There appears to be sufficient evidence that this article is a copyvio of translations and commentary that have been recently published. That, and there is also some agreement that this topic is not appropriate for a non-list article on Wikipedia. -Scottywong | confabulate _ 17:06, 18 July 2012 (UTC)

Literary sources for the origin of the Romanians

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

I came across this when I was cleaning up Good articles and after a talk with delisted it. It has since been flagged as a copyright violation and needs to be re-written completely from scratch. The more I think about, the less value I see with having this article. Pre-blanking it was basically just a list of quotes from different literary sources. It was really just a large footnote section in the form of an article. Any information here would be much more use in expanding the origin of the Romanians (unfortunately also blanked due to copyright violations). AIR corn (talk) 06:11, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Pre-blanking version here. Voceditenore (talk) 09:13, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete. This may become moot. If the article isn't rewritten, it will be deleted 6 days from now. But it's probably worthwhile to register a consensus about keeping it as a suitable topic. My main reason for deletion is that the subject "Literary sources for the origin of the Romanians" does not appear to be a topic of independent study. Various authors refer at times to the interpretation of literary sources in the context of dealing with larger issues, but that's not the same thing. This article is full of synthesis and original research, both in terms of what quotes to select and the interpretation of their significance. Also, many of these quotes have interjected interpretations of what they are referring to, which isn't necessarily in the source. Frankly, I don't see how such a topic could be anything but original research and synthesis unless the quotes were simply presented with a minimum of commentary, in which case the article is just a a quote farm. Note also that many of the quotes are in English translations that are still in copyright. Others are from such old translations that their accuracy is subject to challenge. This makes the quote farm approach even less viable. Voceditenore (talk) 08:48, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * "does not appear to be a topic of independent study"? You are mistaken. Google Book search for "origin of the Romanians". The article can be elaborated from those sources and comply with all WP rules. I strongly object to the blanking of the page and any deletion under erroneous grounds of copyvio, see below. Anarchangel (talk) 20:49, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Quotations shows rationales for using quoted material in articles, just as QUOTEFARM is a link to rationales against. As late as 2011, WP:LONGQUOTE said, "Using too many quotes may detract from the encyclopedic of Wikipedia.", which I think exemplifies perfectly this rule's status as a purely stylistic preference, and not to be taken seriously as a guideline, however cleverly it was reworded. Anarchangel (talk) 03:02, 14 July 2012 (UTC)
 * No one here is saying that the topic "origin of the Romanians" is not a legitimate topic. However, we are questioning the validity of "Literary sources for the origin of the Romanians" as one. The copy-violations and blanking are separate to this afd, and would need to be argued at a different venue (WP:CCI I would think). AIR corn (talk) 22:46, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Fakirbakir has already shown that lists of sources are a common focus of articles; returning to an already resolved issue instead of answering the issue of scholarship on this topic really just seems to me a lot like moving the goalposts. It would be better practice to use the phrase "alleged copy-violations", or as the notice says, "potential copyright violations". Origin of the Romanians is currently blanked. The claims of copyvio on that article are stronger in that they are quotes from the scholarship of secondary sources, but considerably weaker in that there are comparatively very few of them. Anarchangel (talk) 03:02, 14 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Oppose In this case please delete pages like "List of sources for the Crusades" or "List of sources of Korean culinary history" or "List of sources of law in the United States" or "List of sources for Disney theatrical animated features" etc..... This article is about historical sources (mainly primary sources). It is very useful for Romanian historical researches and helps to avoid POV. Wiki contains lots of fringle theory and if you do not know history you will accept those false/nationalist views easily. Fakirbakir (talk) 10:28, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note that all those articles are merely lists of works, not a series of cherry picked quotes from them. If this article were rewritten in a similar format simply to list the sources, it might be worthwhile. But that would be a completely different article. You could try starting something like that at this temporary page. Voceditenore (talk) 10:56, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * These are not the same as the current article, with the last three using a completely different definition of source. WP:Otherstuffexists is never a strong argument, but it is better to compare like with like. AIR corn (talk) 23:04, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * These replies attempt to show that differences between this article and Fakirbakir's examples, namely, this article's extensive commentary and sourced examples for each entry, are reasons why it is irrelevant to compare them. In fact t Those differences are testimony to this article's superiority to the examples Fakirbakir chose, under WP:PROSE. Anarchangel (talk) 20:49, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * No, the difference is (apart form the crusades one) that those articles are showing the origin of the different topics. For example, that the snow white film was derived from the Brothers Grimm story of the same name. This article is compiling literary references and quotes relating to the origin of the Romanians. Those are quite different topics. AIR corn (talk) 22:40, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Oh, I totally agree (and I struck from my previous comment an unnecessarily argumentative phrase, accordingly). But is that difference really of the uppermost importance, when there is this elephant in the room labelled, "the similarity is that they are all lists of sources"? Anarchangel (talk) 03:02, 14 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I think nobody can explain me that why we have to delete substantial knowledge from Wikipedia.Fakirbakir (talk) 09:47, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * "Knowledge" which is the product of original research and synthesis is always to be deleted from Wikipedia. It's one of the Five Pillars and is non-negotiable. The question here is whether or not this topic can be construed as inherently original research and synthesis. Voceditenore (talk) 05:24, 13 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete. Borsoka (talk) 04:09, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Romania-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 01:06, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of History-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 01:06, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Keep Sure, copyvio. I get it. Stealing the words of Runestone G 134 and Anonymous, a Florentine author of the 14th century. But perhaps I am exaggerating. After all, there are some quotes from named people in the 12th and previous centuries, and even...well, no, actually no authors of any centuries after the 14th. But lots of quotes.
 * Which leads me to what I believe is the misapprehension here. Copyvio is any single instance of substantial copying of a single work. Not tiny snippets from lots of works, each one of which is not a copyvio. Especially when they are hundreds of years old and therefore eligible for public domain legislation.
 * Another courtesy link to the pre-blanked page. Anarchangel (talk) 02:00, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Voc has not responded to argument that I contend refutes his central premise, so I will elaborate up here. Every single quote in the article is from sources written before the year 1400, and thus falls under WP:PD by at least 523 years, according to US law (WP servers being in the US). Scholars have written their informed opinion about all manner of aspects of these quotes, I am sure, and they should quite rightly receive the benefits of their expertise. But those are not in the article; the scholars did not actually write the quoted material, and copyright law does not affect WP using those quotes anymore than it does the scholars using them. Anarchangel (talk) 20:49, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * The copyright issue is entirely separate from the discussion here as to whether this is a viable article at all, regardless of copyright violations. Please see Talk:Literary sources for the origin of the Romanians. If the copyright problems in this article are not addressed in 7 days from the blanking of the article, it will be deleted, regardless of the decision here. It's not a question of the quotes, it's the verbatim copying of the commentary on those quotes from Curta (2006), Curta (2007), and Pohl (1998) which is pervasive and foundational to the article. You are welcome to rewrite a copyvio-free article at this temporary page. Incidentally, several of those quotes from ancient authors use modern (post-1923) translations which are indeed copyright. At most, a few of them can be used under Wikipedia's Non-free content criteria. But again, that is a separate issue from this deletion discussion. Voceditenore (talk) 05:17, 13 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Note I would like to draw attention to both statements, that 'copyvio is not at issue here', (not a direct quote) and that "No one here is saying that the topic "origin of the Romanians" is not a legitimate topic" (direct quote). I contend that these are perhaps grounds for a Speedy Keep. If things do not improve, they are most certainly grounds for a No Consensus close. Arguments against these primary points of both the nominator and the sole Delete voter have thusly been avoided, leaving no grounds other than waffling for the nomination, and making it impossible to gain a consensus. Anarchangel (talk) 03:02, 14 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete. All versions of the article consist mostly of a collation of translated quotations from various historical sources. While the sources themselves are in the public domain, copyright still subsists in the translations, insofar as the translators have not been dead for 70 years, which is very unlikely because the citations are to works that appear to be of relatively recent date. This amount of quotation clearly exceeds what is permissible under fair use. The article is therefore a copyright violation and must be deleted. (If one were to just delete the quotations, the remainder would not make much sense and would be duplicative to Origin of the Romanians in scope).  Sandstein   06:42, 18 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Just to clarify, the main copyvio problem with the article is the commentary, not the quotes themselves. Many of the quotes are from pre-1923 translations and therefore public domain, although certainly not all of them. However, virtually all of the commentary is verbatim from books in copyright. Because this copyvio is pervasive and foundational (i.e. no clean version to revert to), the article will be deleted, regardless of the outcome of this AfD, unless a clean version is written on a temp page. The AfD was brought as a separate issue, i.e. whether even a copyvio-free article like this is appropiate. Voceditenore (talk) 07:53, 18 July 2012 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Talk:Interactive labs (Java applet)/MediWiki JAR support

Wow! Sounds like you are making great progress! A note. Maybe some pages should be consolidated or the link maze checked and cleaned up. I have been wandering around the files attemtping to find the meta.wiki test page where I can report details of an error. For now they are below.
 * I followed a test link to the page with the animation? of Skylab 2 launch. When I clicked on the picture to see the movie run I received a fatal error message.  "Fatal Error - Error while loading dll "Unicow"! The application will terminate now."  Then Firefox did indeed terminate.  A related fact that may be important.  I attempted to install JMF to support work with Art of Illusion but I appeared to get a defective installation.  So the "problem" or "bug" may be on my machine or it may be in current distribution of JMF compared to the test code.  Please keep up the great work.  This would allow us to run viewers that could have animation/film shorts embedded in our multimedia classes!  Mirwin 07:26, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

Any news on this? This looks like an excellent technology, and I was just wondering if anybody was playing with it. Historybuff 02:48, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I'm unable to work in this, right now. Is anybody else looking at this? Awolf002 19:45, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

Step one open Command prompt 2 go to directory of Skylab 2 launch cd c:\Skylab 2 launch - example of instalation directory 3 type jar command java -jar Skylab 2 launch.jar

Skylab 2 have to be installed on a drive and Jar java present in it


text:
Clavoserixia

Clavoserixia is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Stephan von Breuning in 1954. Its single species, Clavoserixia bifasciata, was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1913.

title: Clavoserixia


text:
John Major (disambiguation)

John Major (born 1943) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1990 to 1997.

John Major or Sir John Major may also refer to:

 * John Major (philosopher) (1467–1550, also called John Mair), Scottish philosopher and historian
 * John Major (17th-century English MP) (died 1628), English politician and Member of Parliament
 * Sir John Major, 1st Baronet (1698–1781), English merchant and Member of Parliament
 * John Major (publisher) (1782–1849), English publisher and bookseller
 * John Richardson Major (1797–1876), English clergyman and schoolmaster
 * John Major (cricketer) (1861–1930), English cricketer
 * John Kenneth Major (1928–2009), best known as Ken Major, English architect, author and world authority on industrial archaeology
 * John C. Major (born 1931), former Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada
 * John Major (rugby union) (born 1940), New Zealand rugby union player
 * John Major Jenkins (born 1964), American author and populariser of the Maya calendar
 * John Major: The Autobiography, a 1999 political memoir buy the prime minister

title: John Major (disambiguation)


text:
koppelbaas

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) contractor who acts as a middle man between prospective employer and prospective employee. Generally for short term employment like day labour. (Archaic)
 * 2) contractor who deliberately employs staff illegally, so both parties can dodge taxes and cheat social security

title: koppelbaas


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Nathan Holland

Nathan Elliot Holland (born 19 June 1998) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for club Forest Green Rovers. He will become a free agent on 30 June 2024.

He previously played for Everton, West Ham United and Milton Keynes Dons and had two loan spells with Oxford United.

Everton
Holland joined the academy of Premier League club Everton at the age of nine. He progressed through several age groups and signed his first professional contract in January 2016.

West Ham United
On 22 January 2017, Holland joined West Ham United, signing a three-and-a-half-year deal. He made his first team debut on 19 September 2017 in a 3–0 EFL Cup third round home win over Bolton Wanderers, coming on as a 61st-minute substitute. Holland went on to feature regularly for the club's U23 side in both Premier League 2 and the EFL Trophy, and in May 2019 signed a new three-year contract keeping him at West Ham until 2022. On 4 December 2019, he made his Premier League debut as a 71st-minute substitute in a 2–0 defeat away to Wolverhampton Wanderers.

On 8 January 2020, Holland joined EFL League One club Oxford United on loan for the remainder of the 2019–20 season. He scored his first senior professional goal on 4 February 2020 in a 3–2 FA Cup fourth round defeat at home to Newcastle United. Holland's loan spell was cut short in March 2020 after sustaining a hamstring injury which ruled him out for the remainder of the season. In July 2021, he returned to Oxford United for a second loan spell ahead of the 2021–22 season. Following his return to West Ham at the conclusion of the season, Holland was one of several players released by the club.

Milton Keynes Dons
On 22 June 2022, Holland joined League One club Milton Keynes Dons on a permanent deal following his release from West Ham. He made his debut on 30 July 2022 in a 1–0 defeat away to Cambridge United. Holland went on to make 35 appearances in all competitions in his debut season, scoring 2 goals.

Forest Green Rovers
On 24 August 2023, Holland joined League Two club Forest Green Rovers for an undisclosed fee.

Following relegation at the end of the 2023–24 season, Holland was released.

International career
As well as England, Holland is eligible to represent Barbados. He made 26 appearances for England at U16 to U19 level, including 15 appearances and 2 goals for the U17 side.

Honours
Individual
 * West Ham United Young Player of the Year: 2019–20

title: Nathan Holland


text:
2020 ADAC Formula 4 Championship

The 2020 ADAC Formula 4 Championship was the sixth season of the ADAC Formula 4, an open-wheel motor racing series. It was a multi-event motor racing championship that featured drivers competing in 1.4 litre Tatuus-Abarth single seat race cars that conformed to the technical regulations for the championship. The season was won by Red Bull junior Jonny Edgar.

Race calendar and results
The initial calendar was released on 10 January 2020. On 10 April 2020 the series announced a revised calendar, delaying the start of the season due to the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic. The second Nürburgring event supported the 2020 24 Hours of Nürburgring, while the other rounds supported the 2020 ADAC GT Masters. Another altered 7-round calendar was released on 24 May 2020. The sixth race weekend of the season was moved from Circuit Zandvoort to Lausitzring due to the high number of infections in the Netherlands and the classification as a risk area by the German government.

Championship standings
Points were awarded to the top 10 classified finishers in each race. No points were awarded for pole position or fastest lap. The final classification was obtained by summing up the scores on the 19 best results, including disqualifications mandatorily, obtained during the races held.

title: 2020 ADAC Formula 4 Championship


text:
Talk:Greylake

Terms like Burtle, foraminfer, molluscan, silt, intertidal and ostracod should really be linked to pages explaining what they are. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:20, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
 * I have linked most of them however "Burtle Beds " is a geological feature named after the village of Burtle nearby - but I don't think it would be appropriate to link the geological term to the village.— Rod talk 16:33, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
 * You could always make the edits yourself.— Rod talk 16:40, 1 September 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Greylake


text:
Yves Bernaert

Yves Bernaert (born 27 March 1937) is a Belgian field hockey player. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics, the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.

title: Yves Bernaert


text:
animalist

Noun

 * 1)  One who believes in the dominance of man's animal nature in behavior.
 * 2) A sensualist.
 * 3)  A painter or sculptor whose primary subject is animals.
 * 4)  A writer of animal stories.
 * 5) An animal liberationist.
 * 6)  One who believes that microorganisms cause disease.
 * 1)  A writer of animal stories.
 * 2) An animal liberationist.
 * 3)  One who believes that microorganisms cause disease.
 * 1) An animal liberationist.
 * 2)  One who believes that microorganisms cause disease.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Polish:, animalistka
 * Portuguese: animalista
 * Spanish:

title: animalist


text:
Talk:Juan Carlos Monedero

[Untitled]
I found some links of relevant information about Monedero in https://www.reddit.com/r/podemos/comments/2vd8yw/spains_government_gets_angry_and_its_nervous/

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130308051413/http://colombia.diariocritico.com/2008/Septiembre/noticias/100765/asesores-chavez-espana.html to http://colombia.diariocritico.com/2008/Septiembre/noticias/100765/asesores-chavez-espana.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140807190402/http://lacomunidad.elpais.com/tags/juan-carlos-monedero to http://lacomunidad.elpais.com/tags/juan-carlos-monedero

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 21:28, 1 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Juan Carlos Monedero


text:
User:Frederick allhassan

Definition of laboratory It is a room or building equipped for scientific experiments,research,teaching or for the manufacture of drugs or chemicals

title: User:Frederick allhassan


text:
Talk:Bernaldina José Pedro

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:38, 7 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Vovó Bernaldina.jpg

title: Talk:Bernaldina José Pedro


text:
Saraswathi Narayanan College

Saraswathi Narayanan College is a general degree college located in Perungudi, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu. It was established in the year 1966. The college is affiliated with Madurai Kamaraj University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

Science

 * Physics
 * Chemistry
 * Mathematics
 * Computer Science
 * Botany
 * Zoology

Arts and commerce

 * Tamil
 * English
 * History
 * Economics
 * Commerce

Accreditation
The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).

title: Saraswathi Narayanan College


text:
ASA Chesapeake Charge

ASA Chesapeake Charge is an amateur, American women's soccer club that played in the Women's Premier Soccer League, the second level of women's soccer in the United States founded in 2010. It also participated in the Women's Premier Soccer League Elite in 2012, the league's lone season. It played its home games in various stadiums, mostly on high-school and college grounds, in Chesapeake Bay area, and in the state of Maryland. Patrick Crawford is the manager of the club.

Players
The team roster consists of amateur, NCAA-compliant, players who also play in collegiate and high school leagues.

Honors

 * Women's Premier Soccer League
 * Divisional champions: 2013, 2014, 2015
 * Conference runners-up: 2011, 2013
 * Women's Amateur: 2013
 * Women's Open runners-up: 2014, 2015

title: ASA Chesapeake Charge


text:
Talk:Nick Bakay

Ethnic origin of the surname Bakay??

 * No sorry. 06:34, 22 July 2018 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk)

Birthyear
Was Nick born in 1958 or 1959? Hotwine8 03:58, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

According to IMDB it is 1959. I have added a citation to the date just in case there is additional confusion. Thecyberwasp 21:11, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Update?
He's been a full time weekly writer for NFL.com for like 2 years now, shouldn't that be the most noteworthy at this point? here is this season http://www.nfl.com/writers/bakay. I just honestly believe that more people may know him as Nick Bakay and his manly house of football than they do as a behind the scenes screen writer and voice actor. Hundreds of thousands of people read these articles whileas nobody pays attention to shows' credits..<IP_ADDRESS> 17:47, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

For what it's worth while most people probably wouldn't recognize him from his television credits. I think they would recognize his voice. It's pretty distinctive. (whileas -> whereas)<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:30, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

Comments

 * Couldn't find anything about any factual dispute, but there's no references, so I replaced the template
 * The biography on Bakay's website reads "Nick Bakay—writer, actor, comedian, commentator, sportscaster, family entertainer. No wonder he looks familiar—he plays one on TV." —The preceding unsigned comment was added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 09:54, 29 April 2007 (UTC).

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071227191949/http://www.emmyonline.org/mediacenter/daytime_34th_bbnoms_data.html to http://www.emmyonline.org/mediacenter/daytime_34th_bbnoms_data.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 06:49, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

The List For Movie/TV Roles
So, his most of his appearances as Salem are featured, but this is missing:

Sabrina Goes to Rome

That movie preceded Sabrina Goes Down Under in Fall 1998. 2603:7080:CB3F:5032:FCDC:9A57:53F6:FADF (talk) 20:09, 29 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nick Bakay


text:
Susan Chepkemei

Susan Chepkemei (born 25 June 1975 in Komol, West Pokot District) is a Kenyan long-distance runner, who competes in the 10,000 metres and marathon. In 2001, she won the Rotterdam Marathon and came first in the Great North Run, as well as winning the silver medal in the World Half Marathon Championships. She won also won the silver medal at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in the 10,000 m.

Career
Chepkemei competed at the junior race of IAAF World Cross Country Championships in 1990 and 1992, finishing 3rd and 16th, respectively. at the adult level, she attended the long race between 1998 and 2001, the best result being bronze medal in 2000. She made her marathon debut at the 1998 Berlin Marathon and finished second. She won the Parelloop 10K in race in the Netherlands in 1998 and 2000, and also won the Marseille-Cassis Classique Internationale with a course record time in 2000. She won the Tilburg Ten Miles race (10 km for women) three times a row (2001–2003)

On February 25, 2008, the IAAF imposed a competition ban of 1 year on Chepkemei, making the following statement:

"The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) has been informed by Athletics Kenya (AK) that the female athlete, Susan Chepkemei has been found guilty of the following doping violation under IAAF Rules: Presence of the prohibited substance Salbutamol (S3. Beta-2 Agonists) in her doping control sample (IAAF Rule 32.2a). This doping violation relates to an IAAF out-of-competition doping control conducted on 10.09.07 in Nairobi, KEN."

Chepkemei was given the asthma medication Salbutamol by her doctor after she became pregnant and developed pneumonia; as a result, the ban was reduced to one year. She began her comeback in early 2009.

She is managed by Jos Hermens.

title: Susan Chepkemei


text:
Law Library of Congress

The Law Library of Congress is the law library of the United States Congress. The Law Library of Congress holds the single most comprehensive and authoritative collection of domestic, foreign, and international legal materials in the world. Established in 1832, its collections are currently housed in the James Madison Memorial Building of the Library of Congress. Law staff rely on and utilize 2.9 million volumes of primary legal sources, 102.18 million microforms, 99,000 reels of microfilm, 3.18 million pieces of microfiche, and 15,600 tangible electronic resources (CD-ROMs and other disks), making it is the largest law library in the world.

Mission statement
The mission of the Law Library of Congress is to provide authoritative legal research, reference and instruction services, and access to an unrivaled collection of U.S., foreign, comparative, and international law.

Early years
The Library of Congress was established as an in-house reference library for Congress in 1800, the year the government moved from Philadelphia to the new city of Washington, D.C. Law books made up nearly 20% of the initial collection. These were for the most part publications in English and international law.

The first Library of Congress was destroyed when the British burned the Capitol Building in 1814. It was replaced by the purchase of the library of Thomas Jefferson in 1815. This brought 475 law titles, 318 of which were published in England. It included Virginia laws and court decisions, but material from other states (which Jefferson had classified as "foreign law") remained limited. Although the Library received copies of all federal laws and Supreme Court decisions, obtaining state laws and decisions of state courts remained a problem for decades.

The Supreme Court
There were repeated efforts to extend the use of what was generally called "The Congress Library" to other government officials and especially to the federal judiciary. The United States Supreme Court sat in the United States Capitol Building from 1801 to 1935. For the first decade of the nineteenth century its Justices could not formally use the Library of Congress, although they may have been able to consult the books with a letter of introduction from a Member of Congress. On March 2, 1812, a Joint Resolution of both Houses of Congresses authorized use of the Library by the justices of the Supreme Court, on whose behalf Chief Justice John Marshall (served 1801–1835) wrote a polite letter thanking Congress for the favor.

Establishment of the Law Library in 1832
The first three decades of the nineteenth century saw repeated unsuccessful attempts to establish a separate Law Library to serve both Congress and the Supreme Court. The initiative came from those members of Congress who had had distinguished legal or judicial careers. On January 20, 1832, New York Senator William L. Marcy, a sometime Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of New York, introduced a bill to "Increase and Improve the Law Department of the Library of Congress". This time, the Bill passed both Houses of Congress and was signed by President Andrew Jackson on July 14, 1832. (The Statute remains in force, now listed as, , , and .)

The Act directed the Librarian to prepare an "apartment" for the purpose of a law library and to remove the law books from the library into the apartment. The Justices of the Supreme Court were authorized to make rules and regulations for the use of the Law Library during the sitting of the court. The Law Library, however, remained a part of the Library of Congress which was responsible for its incidental expenses.

A sum of $5,000 was appropriated "for the present year" to purchase law books, with $1,000 for each of the next five years. The books would be selected by the Chief Justice. Some 2,011 law books (693 of which had belonged to Thomas Jefferson) were transferred from the general collection, and became the nucleus of a collection that now exceeds 2 million volumes. The Law Library thus acquired its own appropriation and budget line, as well as a statutory relationship with the Supreme Court that would endure until 1935.

Providing legal information to Congress and the Supreme Court
From 1860 to 1897, the Law Library was housed in the former Supreme Court Chamber in the Capitol Building. A spiral staircase connected this with the Court in the room above, and the Custodian of Law (the early title of the official later called the Law Librarian, the first of whom would be Charles Henry Wharton Meehan) climbed the stair to deliver materials requested by the Justices. The rules of the Law Library, set down by the Chief Justice, permitted the Justices of the Supreme Court, Members of Congress, and some "gentlemen of the bar having a case on the docket" to sign out up to three books from the collection. The Custodian of Law helped patrons to find the law by physically locating a book and putting it in their hands. A special collection of major texts and court decisions was reserved for the exclusive use of the Justices.

The acquisition of the Louisiana Territory (1803) and of Florida (1819), which brought property and inheritance systems based on French and Spanish law, provided some incentive for the acquisition of books from the civil law tradition. The first systematic effort to collect foreign law came in 1848 soon after the conclusion of the Mexican War, when Congress directed the Library to obtain all available laws of Mexico. In the second half of the nineteenth century collections of laws of the major European nations were added.

Public service circa 1898
Although the Library of Congress was founded and funded to serve Congress, from the earliest years there was pressure to make its collections available to the public as well as to government officials. By the end of the nineteenth century members of the public were free to consult the collections, although only Members of Congress and a few other officials could borrow books. The Law Library had a few tables, which were usually occupied by students from local law schools.

The Law Librarian's Annual Report for 1898 described a room "about 50 feet square. This cockpit, dim-lighted and inconvenient, ... is expected to accommodate the justices, lawyers engaged in cases, the members of the bar in search of light, as well as law students." Service was limited by crowding, short hours, and a small staff who were obligated to serve Congress and the Supreme Court before anyone else. A law reading room with a limited collection was set up in the newly opened Library of Congress Building in 1897, and eventually the entire collection and staff moved to less crowded quarters in the new building.

Expansion
The 20th century saw a major expansion of the scope of all Law Library activities. Reference service to the public benefited from a larger and, equally important, a well-catalogued collection. In the first decade of the 20th century the Law Library began a program of publication of authoritative reference works on the laws of the United States and of major foreign nations. After the early 1900s the Law Library was led by a series of Law Librarians with high professional qualifications and previous experience in the practice of law, the foreign service, or academic law schools. They oversaw what became a major on-going program of legal indexing, first for the laws of the United States and then for those of foreign nations.

In 1899 the law collection consisted of 103,000 volumes (including 15,000 duplicates), of which about 10,000 were in foreign languages. By 1950, 150,000 of 750,000 volumes were in foreign languages. The major acquisition of foreign language material came after the Second World War, and reflected the great increase in the absolute number of jurisdictions in the world, the changing position of the United States in world affairs and the deliberate policy of attempting to collect legal material from all jurisdictions.

The 1909 publication of the index to the United States federal statutes, which immediately became a standard reference work for law libraries, marked the beginning of the Law Library's transition from a purely local reference library to a major center for legal research. Law Librarian Dr. Edwin Borchard began the production of bibliographic guides to the law of foreign countries with the 1912 publication of a guide to the law of Germany, followed in 1913 by his own Bibliography of International Law and Continental Law. For the next several decades major publications on the laws of Spain, France, the larger Latin American countries, Eastern Europe and East Asia were produced, usually with support from various foundations or government agencies. Initially the work was done by temporary staff or outside experts, but after the mid-1930s the Law Library gradually began adding permanent staff whose primary qualifications were in foreign rather than United States law.

The permanent staff of the Law Library grew from 5 in 1901 to 6 in 1910, stayed at 7 from 1911 through 1921, and numbered 10 in 1924. Their numbers were augmented by sets of temporary workers employed on specific projects and funded either by grants from foundations or by one-time Congressional appropriations. By 1946 the total had increased to 30, and the Law Library requested 30 additional positions to relieve the overburdened staff.

Funding from outside bodies supported the expansion of the Law Library's foreign research capabilities after the Second World War. From 1949 to 1960 the National Committee for a Free Europe supported a staff of 12 lawyers from Eastern European and Baltic countries then under Communist rule. In 1951 the Department of State began a Far Eastern Law Project, under which refugee scholars from China collected and translated legal material from the newly established People's Republic of China.

By the 1950s the Law Library responded to the manifold problems of trying to find, much less interpret, foreign legal information by striving to, whenever possible, employ individuals trained in the law of the country in question and able to provide authoritative answers in English. The staff of foreign-trained attorneys has, over the years since the late 1940s, included former judges, private practitioners, diplomats and legislative drafters. In fact, the foreign attorneys play a significant role in developing the collection, selecting the most relevant texts and serials for the jurisdictions they cover.

By 1960 the pattern of a Reading Room providing reference service in United States federal and state law and a foreign legal research and reference wing staffed by specialists with expertise in the laws of particular foreign countries was set.

Move to Madison Building
In 1981, the library's collections were moved across Independence Avenue to the sub-basement of the recently constructed James Madison Memorial Building. Moving the library's 1.6 million volumes took four months, and a new reading room opened in April 1981 on the second floor of the Madison building. The new stacks occupied 81,000 square feet, totaling 59.5 linear miles of mobile shelving.

By 2002, the Madison building stacks were full, and additional materials were sent to the Library of Congress' High Density Storage Facility in Fort Meade, Maryland.

Institutional differentiation
After about 1900, as the volume of acquisitions and the percentage of foreign language materials both increased and the workload of the Supreme Court also increased, the Justices played a diminishing role in the selection of books for the Law Library. The move of the Supreme Court to its own building in 1935, and the establishment of a separate Supreme Court Library of American and British law brought the close institutional relations between the Law Library and the Court to an end. The Law Library continues to support the Supreme Court's needs for information on foreign and international law.

Congress established the Legislative Reference Service (the organizational ancestor of the present Congressional Research Service) in 1914, but for its first decade the LRS was headed by the Law Librarian and much of its work consisted of legal indexing, for both American and foreign law, and responses to Congressional requests about American, International and foreign law.

By the late 1920s the division of labor that endures to the present was established. The RS (later CRS) contains an American Law Section (now Division) working exclusively for Congress and depending on the collection maintained by the Law Library. The Law Library operates the Reading Room, provides reference service in U.S. law to Congress on a priority basis, and is responsible for all reference and research service in foreign, comparative and international law.

Indexing foreign law
Indexes and other finding aids are indispensable tools for legal research, but the laws of many countries are not well-indexed or available in authoritative or up-to-date codes or collections. The first major project of the Law Library was the 1907–1910 preparation of an index to United States federal statutes, an endeavor funded by a special Congressional appropriation. In 1902 the Librarian of Congress, Herbert Putnam, proposed a comprehensive index to current legislation from all the countries of the world. He noted that "If accompanied by a reference to preceding statutes or by brief abstracts ... it may become an instrument of the highest value not merely to the theoretic investigator, but to the practical legislator". Although there were far fewer sovereign countries in 1902 than today, Congress's practical legislators refused to fund so ambitious a project. The idea did not die though, and various guides to the legislation of foreign countries were produced as funding permitted.

Legislative indexing was a major activity of the Legislative Reference Service during its first ten years (1916–1924), and the staff of the Law library began keeping a card index to Latin American laws in the late 1920s. This was eventually published as the Index to Latin American Legislation in a two volume set in 1961, with two supplements - in 1973 and 1978 - covering the years from 1961 through 1975. The indexing of Latin American legislation continued, being adapted to existing information-processing technology as it developed from the 1970s through the 1990s.

By the 1990s, indexes and guides to the laws of many developed nations had become available, often on a commercial basis, as electronic files accessible through the Internet. Although not usually available to the general public, the Law Library's legal specialists used these for their research. But, control of a rapidly expanding body of legal information from a growing number of jurisdictions remained a major challenge to legal researchers. One institutional solution arrived at was an international, cooperative network that makes indexes, abstracts and the complete text of new laws available over the Internet. This product, which is now inactive, was the Global Legal Information Network (GLIN), and was coordinated by the Law Library of Congress. The Library's foreign law efforts are via its Directorate of Legal Research, which has a staff of foreign-trained lawyers from around the world along with research specialists.

Notable reports issued
In August 2009, the Law Library of Congress issued a controversial and disputed legal opinion report titled Honduras: Constitutional Law Issues. The report was originally commissioned by Congressman Aaron Schock (R., Ill.), prepared by Senior Foreign Law Specialist Norma Gutiérrez, and published by the Law Library of Congress. It features a legal analysis of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis with a specific examination of the legality of President Manuel Zelaya's 28 June 2009 removal from office and expatriation.

Bibliography of Reports

 * A Selective Annotated Bibliography of Directorate of Legal Research Multinational Reports, 2001-2004 provided by the Law Library of Congress

Foreign Law Resources

 * World Law Bulletin (a monthly publication of the Directorate of Legal Research, through March 2006)
 * Global Legal Monitor archive (monthly issues, May 2006-July 2008)
 * Global Legal Monitor searchable database (daily updates, November 2007 – present)
 * Comprehensive Index of Legal Reports

title: Law Library of Congress


text:
Botswana Bank Employees' Union

The Botswana Bank Employee's Union (BOBEU) is a trade union affiliate of the Botswana Federation of Trade Unions in Botswana.

title: Botswana Bank Employees' Union


text:
User:Grasshoppergirl/sandbox

Grasshoppergirl/sandbox
Grasshoppers are Mother Nature*s friends so please do not fry them in a pan because that is not nice for you to do to the poor incects because if you do you should be ashamed of yourself or someday someone will call me and give me your address to your house so as mother nature would say *Never Eat My Grasshoper Friends Or Else You Will Be In For A Surprize* so please do not make me hunt you down like a hawk because if i do you will be saying *mommy?* so do not make me come to by your house so you do not want to see me at your house because i can be mean if i start nippind stand back or i will not go bake to who i was and that is bad but only if you step back slowly then i will not hurt you with my powerful kangaroo legs so do not make me go to that stage SO DO NOT MAKE ME GO THERE OR ELSE YOU WILL BE SORRY FOR LIFE :)

title: User:Grasshoppergirl/sandbox


text:
Talk:Algebra/Complex Numbers

Are we planning to add complex vector notation (polar notation) here or add that on a separate page?

(Descriptions provided for people inexperienced with complex math)

Essentially: Re^(θi), where R = the absolute value of the complex number and theta is the angle from the (1,0i) in the counterclockwise direction.

To convert Re^(θi) to rectangular notation or complex number format, multiply R times sin(θ) for the imaginary and R times cos(θ) for the real dimension. Ergo, from this method of calculation we can determine that e^(πri) = -1.

Additionally, what about hypercomplex numbers, such as quaternions and octonions?

Quaternion = a + bi + cj + dk where i = (-1)^(1/2); j = (-1)^(1/2); k = (-1)^(1/2) and ijk = -1; ij = k; ji = -k; et al...

-- Emperorbma 23:34, 20 Sep 2003 (UTC)

Yes yes, you'll get polar notation and a whole lot more, just wait till I add it! I'm trying to expound this in a logical manner, don't worry :) Quaternions and octonions won't be in complex numbers because they are hypercomplex. Dysprosia 01:19, 21 Sep 2003 (UTC)

 * Just seeing if you needed help, that's all. BTW, should we start a hypercomplex number article, then? -- Emperorbma 20:47, 21 Sep 2003 (UTC)
 * Sorry about the belatedness...sure, why not? :) Dysprosia 11:58, 29 Sep 2003 (UTC)
 * It looks like hypercomplex numbers would best go in Discrete mathematics so I think I'll add it there... -- Emperorbma 17:38, 29 Sep 2003 (UTC)

Introduction Section Editing
Guys, I just edited the introduction section by adding the last para which makes the concept of complex numbers more coherent. - HellKing

i
It is a common mistake to define
 * $$i=\sqrt{-1}$$.

The right definition is to introduce a new number i such that:
 * $$\,i^2=-1$$.

which is not equivalent to the first!

Complex numbers
Better than considering complex numbers as matrices, it is more didactical considering them as pairs of real numbers.

Engineering notation
A suggestion: maybe it would be interesting to add the fact that in engineering notation the imaginary part of a complex number is usually referred to as j instead of $$i$$ (because electric current is also referred to as I). Of course, I don't know about American engineering standards, but as a (European) engineering student I was told to adapt to this convention, even though I of course surely also do understand what is meant by using $$i$$ as a means to indicate the complex part of a complex number.

There's also a convention (in some old engineering texts), to use cis θ instead of (cosθ + isinθ). --Fephisto 19:31, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Euler's formula
How come one prove that
 * reiθ = r (cos θ + i sin θ)

if reiθ is not even defined?

i is defined, and so is ez via Taylor series. If you want, you can define reiθ through a Taylor series, and see that this has the same radius of convergence of ez and equate them. --Fephisto 19:34, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Cauchy
Is stuff about Cauchy's Line integral theorem &c. with line integrals under the Argand Plane, going to be included here? --Fephisto 19:39, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Wow
I think this page goes way too far. Half this stuff deserves to be in Calculus, not Algebra. We all learned primary ideas about Complex Numbers in Algebra, but this definitely will confuse most readers

Forced and explained through psychology
At the opening to this material the phrases 'forced' in relation to i being equal to square root of minus 1. Also the statement suggesting explanations and ideas around root of minus 1 can be explained through psychology. Is it possible for some direction, link, or further explanation on this.

title: Talk:Algebra/Complex Numbers


text:
WBC

Proper noun

 * , one of several sanctioning bodies in professional boxing.
 * , a tournament for national teams jointly organized by the International Baseball Federation and Major League Baseball.
 * , an unaffiliated Baptist church known for its hate speech.

title: WBC


text:
fine-grained

Adjective

 * 1) Consisting of fine particles.
 * 2) Having a fine, smooth texture.
 * 3)  Highly detailed.

Translations

 * Bashkir: ваҡ
 * Belarusian: дробназярні́сты
 * Bulgarian: дребнозърнест
 * Dutch: fijnkorrelig
 * German:, kleinkörnig
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: ince taneli
 * Ukrainian: дрібнозерни́стий

 * German:
 * Turkish: ince taneli

 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * German: detailgenau,
 * Turkish: ,

title: fine-grained


text:
сънъ

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) dream
 * 2) sleep

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) dream
 * 2) sleep

Declension
Accent paradigm b, new is c.

title: сънъ


text:
Financial Accounting/Session 1

Accounting: Accounting is the art of interpreting, measuring and communicating the results of economic activities.

The Accounting Equation:

Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity

The resources owned by a business are its assets; for example, assets can consist of cash, inventory, land, and buildings. The rights, claims or obligations to creditors are the liabilities. The rights of the owners are called the owner's equity; the rights of the owners is the residual amount after deducting liabilities from assets.

All business transactions can be stated in terms of changes in the elements of the accounting equation. A useful way to conceptualize the accounting equation is that the left side (assets), "is what the Owner has" and the right side (liabilities + owner's equity) "is the method by which the Owner obtained the asset". For example, you have cash, inventory and buildings and you obtained it by using retained earnings(owner's equity), borrowing (liabilities), or raising capital (capital stock or contributed capital).

The Accounting equation can be re-arranged in the following ways:

Assets - Liabilities = Owner's Equity

Assets - Owner's Equity = Liabilities

Here's an example of a transaction to demonstrate the accounting equation. John has $1,000 and would like to purchase a vehicle. However, the vehicle he would like to purchase costs $10,000. So, John arranged a loan from the bank for $9,000. Thus, John is now able to pay for the vehicle for $10,000.

Now let's demonstrate the accounting equation from the economic activity from John's side. He has a vehicle worth $10,000, which is an asset on his books. However, he has a $9,000 loan which is now recorded as a liability. This liability is a obligation he owes to the bank. In addition, John contributed $1,000 towards the vehicle, creating an equity in John's books.

Therefore, the accounting equation is as follows:

10,000 Asset = 9,000 Liability + 1,000 Equity

---

Debits/Credits Rule This rule is based on the behaviour of accounts.

When a financial transaction is recorded, the Debits (Dr) and Credits (Cr) need to balance in order to keep the accounts in balance.

An easy rule to remember is, "Debit the Asset that Increases"

For example, if you want to practice accounting for cooking a simple breakfast, you might proceed as follows:

To record breaking the eggs and putting the eggs in the frying pan
 * Dr the frying pan 2 egg yolks
 * Dr the frying pan 2 egg whites
 * Dr the trash basket 2 egg shells
 * Cr the carton of eggs 2 whole eggs

In this transaction, an asset, (the egg) is split into parts and some of the asset goes in the pan and some in the trash. A Debit (Dr) is used to show that the assets in the pan and the trash both increase. A balancing Credit (Cr) is used to show that the amount of assets (whole eggs) in the egg carton has decreased.

This transaction is in balance because the total Credits equal the total Debits. Everything that is covered by the Debits (yolk, white and shell) is also covered by the Credits (one whole egg)

Of course if you: Then logically you would:
 * Debit the asset that increases
 * Credit the asset that decreases
 * Credit the liability or owners equity that increases
 * Debit the liability or owners equity that decreases

A popular acronym to help accounting students to remember what to do when an account INCREASES is DEAD CURLS. It's silly, but it helps:

D - Debit INCREASES in E - Expenses A - Assets D - Dividends

C - Credit INCREASES in U - Unearned Revenue (Sometimes the 'U' will just be blank as a filler, because Unearned Revenue is technically a liability) R - Revenue L - Liabilities S - Stockholder/Owner's Equity

---

More about Debits

An elderly accountant had just retired. The boss was cleaning out his desk. Taped to the center of the top middle drawer was a piece of paper with the words:

 * Debits go on the Window side

i do not understand joke and debits and credits too)

title: Financial Accounting/Session 1


text:
File:ArtRage2SBTDS1a.jpg

Used with the WikiU Film School Lesson on how to draw thumbnail storyboards with ArtRage2 free version.

title: File:ArtRage2SBTDS1a.jpg


text:
Romeo Engineering and Technology Center

Romeo Engineering and Technology Center is located in northern Macomb County, Michigan approximately 30 miles north of the city of Detroit. Romeo Engineering and Technology Center also known as RETC and is a satellite school of Romeo High School. The RETC was built and completed in 2003, originally the plan was to create a new separate school however funding failed so the decision was made to build a satellite school to reduce overcrowding at the main high school. The RETC has an area of 90,288 sq.ft., covers 77 acres, and cost $12,259,836 to build. The RETC offers Technology, advanced math and science programs, as well as most career programs. Students who wish to attend the RETC are bussed from the High School or drive to the school. Recently the school has installed solar panels across the roof, the project was completed in and turned on in December 2010. The solar panels were paid for by grants and can produce upwards of 19.8 Kilowatts (DC).

Incidents
The RETC has encountered several incidents since being built in 2003. Three bomb threats were made against the school, one on October 10, 2007, during the week of homecoming, another a few weeks later on October 25, 2007, and the other in December 2007. The first incident occurred on October 10 when a bomb threat was written in the bathroom stalls stating that the school would blow up on October 12. A note was sent home to parents describing the situation and that it was optional for students to attend that day. As a precaution, backpacks and big purses were not allowed into the school and students were searched when entering. Earlier that morning the premises was searched by Macomb County Sheriff and their K-9 bomb sniffing dogs. The students homecoming pep assembly and dance were not cancelled; however, many precautions were in place such as purses, bags, and jackets were not allowed into several events and police presence was high at the events as well. The second event happened on October 25, when students tried to place a bomb threat through a pre-paid phone by calling the Romeo Police Department, the phone was tracked and the students were arrested. On the morning of December 7, 2007, a third bomb threat was found written on the walls of Romeo High School, stating that the RETC had a bomb inside, The buildings were evacuated until deemed safe by the Macomb County Sheriff. None of the threats proved to follow through and a bomb was never found in any case.

On February 24, 2010, a school bus parked outside RETC caught fire. The bus was originally set to bus students from the RETC to the high school as usual; however, the bus wouldn't start up properly and had a warning light. The students left the RETC on other buses and shortly after at around 2:15 PM the bus caught fire. No students were on the bus at the time and the bus driver made it off the bus without any injuries. The cause of the fire was determined to be an electrical fire.

On March 23, 2012, a student notified the high school office that a student was seen with a gun during the RETC passing time. Both the high school and the RETC went into immediate lock-down. Both schools were swept by the Macomb County Sheriff and Michigan State Police, no gun was found in the hallways or lockers so students were searched upon leaving the RETC at the end of the day. The student who made the claim told the office which student he believed had the weapon; the student was searched and no gun was found. The student who made the claim revoked his statement, saying it was false. The lockdown at the high school was lifted after the student stated his statement was false. The student faces heavy legal action and prosecution from the school district.

On October 30, 2012 at 10:35 a.m., winds from Hurricane Sandy gusted at speeds of 50 MPH and caused RETC to temporarily lose power before switching over to the back-up generator. Power was restored later on that day.

On April 18, 2013 at approximately 11:30 a.m., a minor electrical problem triggered the back-up generator to turn on and triggered the fire alarms to go off. The school was evacuated and the fire department was called to check out the building. The problem was corrected and students were allowed back into the building.

In January 2016, the RETC was evacuated to Powell Middle School due to a burst water pipe.

Activities and clubs
Most activities and clubs are located at the high school, however several are located at the RETC including:
 * DECA: DECA is a business related competition.
 * Business Professionals of America: BPA is related with Business classes taught at the RETC.

title: Romeo Engineering and Technology Center


text:
Hotchkiss H35

The Hotchkiss H35 or Char léger modèle 1935 H was a French cavalry tank developed prior to World War II. Despite having been designed from 1933 as a rather slow but well-armoured light infantry support tank, the type was initially rejected by the French Infantry because it proved difficult to steer while driving cross-country, and was instead adopted in 1936 by the French Cavalry arm.

From 1938 an improved version was produced with a more powerful engine, the Char léger modèle 1935 H modifié 39, which from 1940 was also fitted with a longer, more powerful 37 mm gun. It was intended to make this improved variant the standard light tank, with at least four thousand produced to equip new armoured divisions of both the Cavalry and the Infantry arms, but due to the defeat of France in June 1940, total production of both subtypes was limited to about 1200 vehicles.

For the remainder of the war Germany and its allies used captured Hotchkiss tanks in several modifications.

Development
In 1926, it had been decided to provide armour support to the regular infantry divisions by creating autonomous tank battalions equipped with a light and cheap infantry tank, a char d'accompagnement. For this role at first the Char D1 was developed which type however, proved to be neither particularly light nor cheap. In 1933, the Hotchkiss company under its own initiative presented a plan to produce a lighter design—this was made possible by the application of a new technology to produce cast steel sections to construct an entire hull. On 30 June 1933, this proposal was approved by the Conseil Consultatif de l'Armement. On 2 August 1933 the specifications were issued: a weight of 6 LT and 30 mm armour protection all around. Three prototypes were ordered from Hotchkiss, but the French industry as a whole was also invited to provide alternative proposals for a nouveau char léger.

This allowed the Renault company to beat Hotchkiss in delivering the first prototype, which later was developed into the Renault R35. On 18 January 1935, the first Hotchkiss prototype, not yet made of armour steel, was presented to the Commission d'Expérience du Matériel Automobile (CEMA) at Vincennes; it was a machine gun-armed tankette without turret. It was tested until 4 March 1935, when it was replaced by the second identical prototype to be tested until 6 May. Both had to be rejected because new specifications had been made on 21 June 1934 that increased the desired armour thickness to 40 mm. On 27 June 1935 the commission approved the type on the provision that the necessary changes would be made. On 19 August the third prototype was delivered, equipped with a cast APX turret and featuring a redesigned hull; it was tested until 20 September and accepted.

On 6 November 1935 a first order was made for 200 vehicles. Though it should have been completed between July 1936 and July 1937, the first production vehicle was in fact delivered on 12 September 1936. A first additional order had already been made of 92 on 7 September 1936, to be completed in November 1937. A third one of 108 vehicles followed on 23 January 1937, to be completed in September 1938. These vehicles had the series number 40000 to 40400. By 1 January 1937 132 hulls had been produced. None of these had at that date yet been fitted with a turret.

Rejection by the Infantry and adoption by the Cavalry
The first series vehicle was again extensively and intensively tested until 4 December 1936. The testing soon showed that its cross-country handling qualities were unacceptably poor; it proved impossible to safely steer the vehicle on a uneven surface, posing an extreme danger to nearby friendly infantry. The Infantry therefore initially rejected any further procurement. Eventually, in 1937, it decided to accept only the last hundred tanks to equip just two battalions with the type: the 13e and 38e Bataillon de Chars de Combat.

For political reasons however, stopping production of the tank was unacceptable. As a result the first three hundred vehicles of the production run were offered to the Cavalry, which was forced to accept them because it would not have been granted a budget for other tanks anyway. As the cavalry units would be making more use of the road network and of mounted infantry, its cross-country handling problem was of less consequence. The H 35 was, at 28 km/h, also somewhat faster than the Renault R35, which was capable of 20 km/h, although in practice its average speed was lower than that of the R 35 because of its inferior gear box.

Description

The Hotchkiss H35 was 4.22m long, 1.95m wide and 2.13m tall and weighing 10.6 –. The hull consisted of six cast armour sections, bolted together: the engine deck, the fighting compartment, the front of the hull, the back of the hull and two longitudinal sections left and right forming the bottom. The hull was made water-tight by cementing these sections together with Aslic, a product based on tar mixed with lime. The casting allowed for sloped armour, avoiding shot traps, to optimise the chance of deflection but the protection levels did not satisfy the Infantry. Maximum armour thickness was not the specified 40 mm but 34 mm. There were persistent quality problems, worsened by the fact that many subcontractors had to be used: at first the armour was made much too soft; when hardness was increased it became brittle and full of bubbles and hence weak spots.

There was a crew of two. The driver sat at the right front, behind a large cast double hatch and next to the combined gearbox and steering unit. Behind him was a round escape hatch in the bottom of the hull. Driving the vehicle was very hard work. The Hotchkiss lacked the Cleveland differential ("Cletrac") of its Renault competitor, and it responded unpredictably to changes of direction. The brakes could not sufficiently compensate for this, being too weak, especially when driving down-slope. No less troublesome was the gearbox: it was difficult to engage the highest fifth gear and so the theoretical top speed of 28 km/h was rarely reached. There was one reverse gear. The inevitable rough handling of the tank by the driver resulted in much wear and tear. Mechanical reliability was poor.

The suspension consisted of three bogies per side—each formed of two bell cranks arranged as "scissors" with springs at the top. Each bogie carried two rubber-rimmed wheels. The first ten production vehicles, which can be considered as forming a separate pre-series, had curved bogie sides; in later vehicles the bogies had straight sides. The bogies superficially resembled the R35 type, but used horizontal helical springs instead of rubber cylinders. The sprocket was at the front, the idler—which itself was sprung to automatically control tension—at the rear. There were two top rollers.

The rear of the hull formed an engine room, separated from the fighting compartment by a fireproof bulkhead. The tank was powered by a 78 hp six-cylinder 86 x 100 3485 cc engine which was on the left of the engine compartment. A 160-litre fuel tank on the right, combined with a twenty litres reserve reservoir, gave a range of 129 km or eight hours on a varied terrain. The engine was cooled by a centrifugal pump. Also a cooling fan drew air through the radiator and was also expected to cool the fuel tank. The trench-crossing capacity was 1.8m, the wading capacity 0.85m. On hard soil a slope of 75 percent could be climbed, on soft soil of 55 percent. Maximum tilt was 50 percent. Ground clearance was 37 cm.

The APX-R turret was the same standard type as used on the R35 and R40 tanks, made of 40 mm cast steel and armed with the short 37 mm SA 18 gun, which had a maximum armour penetration of only 23 mm. Traverse of the turret was with a handwheel. The commander sat in a saddle suspended from the turret.

The tank carried about 100 rounds for the gun, and 2,400 rounds for the coaxial 7.5 mm Reibel machine gun – the 37 mm ammunition was racked on the left hand side of the hull, the 7.5 mm ammunition on the right side in fifteen circular magazines with 150 rounds each; with usually an additional magazine on the machine-gun itself. The turret had a rotating cupola with a PPL RX 180 P visor but there was no hatch in the cupola though its top could be lifted a bit for better ventilation. Apart from the cupola there were protected vision devices, a binocular periscope and diascopes, to the front beside the gun and to each side. For access there was a hatch at the back of the turret. When opened, the commander could sit on it for better observation, but this left him very vulnerable and slow to reach the gun. The alternative was to fight closed-up, observing through the vertical slits or the visor of the hatchless cupola. The Cavalry liked neither this arrangement nor the weak gun. The latter problem was lessened by enlarging the breech so that special rounds with a larger charge could be used. This increased muzzle velocity to about 600 m/s and maximum penetration to about 30 mm. Only a small number of the tanks, and limited to the Cavalry, were modified however, because it greatly increased barrel wear. In the spring of 1940 the original diascopes of the Chrétien type were gradually replaced with episcopes, offering more protection.

The Char léger modèle 1935 H modifié 39

As the Cavalry wanted an even higher top speed, it was decided to bring to fruition experiments already conducted from October 1936 to install a more powerful engine. A new prototype was built in 1937, with a 120 hp engine instead of the 78 hp one. The hull was enlarged, giving it a higher almost level engine deck, to accommodate it. The track and the suspension elements were improved, raising the weight to 12.1 t. This improved type was faster, with a top speed of 36.5 km/h, but also proved much easier to drive. As this removed one of the objections of the Infantry, it was first presented to the Commission d'Expérimentations de l'Infanterie on 31 January 1939 to see whether the original negative decision could be changed. The commission indeed accepted the type, the Char léger modèle 1935 H modifié 39; and it was decided on 18 February to let it succeed the original version from the 401st vehicle onwards, which was just as well as both in 1937 and 1938 an order had been made of two hundred vehicles and production had already started, the total orders of the improved type thereafter being expanded to nine hundred. The factory identifier however, was Char léger Hotchkiss modèle 38 série D, its predecessor having been the série B. The factory designation has caused much confusion; this was still officially the same tank as the H35, only in a later variant; even at the time, many began to refer to it as the 38 H or the 39 H.

The new subtype differed from the original one in having a raised and more angular engine deck (in later production vehicles with crosswise instead of longitudinal ventilation slits on the right side); a range decreased to 120 km; closed idler wheels; tracks 2 cm wider at 27 cm; metal instead of rubber wheel treads; a new exhaust silencer directed to the back and larger, more reliable and effective ventilators. A modernisation programme was initiated in early 1940. Besides the fitting of episcopes, tails and some radio sets, this included the gradual introduction of a longer L/35 37 mm SA38 gun with a much improved anti-tank capability which gave 30 mm penetration at 1 km); about 350 vehicles were (re)built with the better gun, among them about fifty H35s. The new gun became standard on the production lines in April. Before that, the trickle of longer guns becoming available had, from January 1940, gradually been fitted to the tanks of platoon, company and battalion commanders; about half of the commander vehicles in Hotchkiss units were modified in this way. It had been intended to fit the longer gun to all vehicles during the second half of 1940. After the war it was wrongly assumed for a time that H38 was the official name of the tank with the new engine but without the new gun and that H39 was the name of the type that had both major improvements. H38 however, in contemporary use indicated the same type as H39 and it is only possible to refer to the latter with historical accuracy in an informal sense.

Parallel to the development of a R40 it was, for a time, considered to create an H40 by adopting the improved AMX suspension of the other vehicle; but this option was ultimately rejected.

France
In the Cavalry arm, the main user at first, the Hotchkiss tanks replaced as main combat tanks the light AMR 33 and AMR 35 vehicles, that for want of a better type had been used to form the bulk of the first two Cavalry armoured divisions. As the new medium SOMUA S35 was initially produced in very limited numbers, until early 1939 the Hotchkiss equipped three of the four divisional tank regiments.

In April 1940 the 342e CACC (Compagnie Autonome de Chars de Combat or "Independent Tank Company") was sent to Norway after Operation Weserübung, the German invasion of that country, having first been intended to form part of an expeditionary force to assist Finland in the Winter War. This autonomous company, equipped with fifteen H39s, all with short guns, fought in the later phase of the Battles of Narvik, after having landed on 7 May. After the temporary liberation of that city, the twelve remaining vehicles were withdrawn to Britain on 8 June, where they joined the Free French, forming the 1e Compagnie de Chars de Combat de la France Libre. This was an exception in June 1940, with most units returning to France. In 1940 and 1941 this 1e CCC fought against Vichy troops in the Battle of Gabon and later in Syria.

According to the official army acceptance lists, at the start of World War II 640 Hotchkiss tanks had been delivered. The inventories deviate slightly: of the 300 H35s allocated to the Cavalry, 232 were fielded by ten cavalry squadrons, 44 were in depot, eight in factory overhaul and sixteen in North Africa. Of the hundred used by the Infantry, ninety were fielded by the two tank battalions equipped with the type, six were in matériel reserve and two used for driving training. Of the H39s, sixteen were used by the Cavalry in North Africa and six in depot; 180 were fielded by four Infantry tank battalions and fourteen were in the Infantry matériel reserve. It was decided to concentrate most Allied production capacity for light tanks into the manufacture of a single type, and the Hotchkiss tank was chosen as it had the necessary mobility to be of use in the many armoured divisions the Entente planned to raise for the expected decisive summer offensive of 1941. To this end British and Portuguese heavy industry had to assist in producing the cast armour sections. It was hoped to increase production to 300 a month in October 1940, and even 500 a month from March 1941, the sections of 75 of which to be provided by Britain in exchange for a monthly delivery of nine Char B1s. This can be compared to the planned production of the R40: 120 per month, reflecting the little importance now attached to infantry support.

These plans were disrupted by the Battle of France. In May 1940 the type equipped in the Cavalry units two tank regiments (of 47) in each of the three Mechanised Light Divisions and served as AMR in the 9th and 25th Mechanised Infantry Division (sixteen vehicles for each), 3rd DLM (22 H35s and 47 H39s) and in three of the five Cavalry Light Divisions (sixteen vehicles each for the 1re, 2e and 3e DLC). Furthermore, sixteen vehicles were part of the 1er RCA in Morocco. In the Infantry it equipped the two autonomous battalions mentioned above and two battalions of 45 in each of the three Divisions Cuirassées, the latter with the H39 variant. Most Hotchkiss tanks were thus concentrated in larger motorised units, in the armoured divisions supplementing the core of heavier tanks, though they were mismatched: the slower H35s fought alongside the swifter SOMUA S35s, whereas the faster H39s joined the slow Char B1s. The vast majority of these vehicles still had the short gun. Several ad hoc and reconstituted units were formed with the type after the invasion. These included 4e DCR (forty vehicles) and 7e DLM (47). Most of these later units were equipped with new vehicles built with the long gun, but 7e DLM also deployed twenty-two old H35s in its 8e dragons-chars. In May deliveries peaked at 122; a recently discovered picture of a Hotchkiss tank with series number 41200 indicates that in June at least 121 were produced for a total of at least 1,200 vehicles, not including prototypes.

Germany

About 550 Hotchkiss tanks were captured and used by the Germans as Panzerkampfwagen 35H 734(f) or Panzerkampfwagen 38H 735(f); most for occupation duty. Like the French, the Germans made no clear distinction between a H38 and a H39; and fitted many with a cupola with a hatch.

Eastern Front
Panzer-Abteilung 211 was deployed in Finland during Operation Barbarossa, equipped with Hotchkiss tanks. In 1944, three of its vehicles were converted to 7.5 cm self-propelled guns.

Additional vehicles were sent to Finland as part of the independent Panzerkampfwagenzüge (tank platoons) 217, 218 and 219, which were attached to the 20th Mountain Army in February 1942. The platoons were the same as those of Panzerabteilung 211, consisting of one SOMUA S35 and four Hotchkiss tanks. They were later disbanded, with the tanks being dispersed for use as fortifications and the crews used to form two batteries of Stug III Gs (741 and 742).

Balkans
German H35/39s also saw action in Yugoslavia with 7.SS-Freiwilligen-Gebirgs-Division "Prinz Eugen", ''12. Panzer-Kompanie z.b.V. and I./Panzer-Regiment 202''. Tanks used in France for various training and security units also got caught in the fighting in Normandy, such as Panzer Abteilung 206, ''Panzer –Ersatz und Ausb. Abt. 100, and 200. Beute-Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung''.

Western Front
In 1942 a project was launched to make use of French equipment as carrier platforms for heavier guns, directed by Major Alfred Becker, an artillery officer who was a mechanical engineer by trade. He had experience making similar conversions with captured Belgian and British vehicles. His unit in Paris converted 24 Hotchkiss tanks in 1942 into the Marder I Panzerjäger (self-propelled anti-tank artillery), the 7,5 cm PaK40(Sf) auf Geschützwagen 39H(f), and 48 into self-propelled artillery with the 10.5 cm leFH 18 as the 10,5 cm leFH18(Sf) auf Geschützwagen 39H(f), all to be used by units in France. Some vehicles were modified into munition carriers or artillery tractors (Artillerieschlepper 38H(f)) or rocket-launchers (Panzerkampfwagen 35H(f) mit 28/32 cm Wurfrahmen). A special artillery observation vehicle created, was the Panzerbeobachtungswagen 38H (f). In June 1943, 361 Hotchkiss tanks were still listed in the German Army inventories as 37 mm gun tanks; this number had decreased to sixty in December 1944.

Poland
Three Hotchkiss H39 tanks had been exported by France to Poland in July 1939 for testing by the Polish Bureau of Technical Studies of Armoured Weapons (Polish: Biuro Badań Technicznych Broni Pancernych) with a view to a larger purchase. During the German invasion of Poland in 1939 the Hotchkiss tanks, together with three Renault R 35 tanks, were organised into an ad hoc "half company" unit under lieutenant J. Jakubowicz, formed on 14 September 1939 in Kiwerce, Poland. The unit joined the "Dubno" task force and lost all of its tanks during the marches and fighting against German and Soviet armies, largely due to fuel shortages.

Turkey
Two vehicles were exported by France to Turkey in February 1940.

Bulgaria
In 1943 the Germans, against objections, delivered nineteen H39s to Bulgaria for training purposes, when it proved to be impossible to find 25 unmodified Panzer I light tanks, the type the Bulgarians really desired. After the war these vehicles were used by police units.

Croatia
In 1942, the Germans delivered a small number to Croatia.

Hungary
In October 1942, the Hungarian Army received fifteen Hotchkiss H39 tanks, which formed the bulk of the 101st Independent Tank Company, which was used in the counter-partisan role. The unit operated in the Ukraine, Belarus and Poland and was finally disbanded after losing 30% of its tanks to enemy action and having to destroy the rest due to lack of fuel and spares. The unit returned to Hungary from Warsaw in September–October 1944.

Vichy France
In North Africa, 27 vehicles (thirteen H35 and fourteen H39) were officially serving in the 1e Régiment de Chasseurs d'Afrique and were allowed to remain there under the armistice conditions; another five were hidden in Morocco. They fought the Allies during the opening stages of Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of French North Africa, near Casablanca in November 1942, destroying four M3 Stuart light tanks. The regiment subsequently joined the Allies and was re-equipped with M4 Sherman medium tanks in summer 1943.

Postwar
After the war, some Hotchkiss tanks were used by French security forces in the colonies, such as French Indochina, and occupation forces in Germany. Ten H39s were clandestinely sold to Israel – they were shipped from Marseilles to Haifa in 1948. At least one remained in service with the Israel Defense Forces until 1952.

Surviving vehicles
One Hotchkiss H35 and nine Hotchkiss H35s modifié 39 have survived to this present day, all of the modifié 39 were further modified by the Germans during World War II.

The sole surviving unmodified Hotchkiss H35 was discovered in December 2008, 200 meters off the coast, at Sainte-Cecile beach, Camiers, Pas-de-Calais, France. It is a turretless chassis, probably a remnant of the Dunkerque gap fighting in May–June 1940. The tank was dredged in late 2008 at low tide. The Musée des Blindés at Saumur plans to recover this tank for display in the museum, but its recovery has proved very difficult and costly.

One Hotchkiss H35 modifié 39 tank is on display at the Narvik War Museum in Narvik as a memorial of Battle of Narvik in 1940. A second vehicle in Norway is part of the collection of the Panserparken at the camp Rena leir. In England the private The Wheatcroft Collection bought a vehicle from the Norwegian Arquebus Krigshistoriske Museum at Rogaland. In France itself the Musée des Blindés at Saumur has a vehicle in a running condition; at the base of 501/503e RCC at Mourmelon-le-Grand a Hotchkiss serves as a monument restored with a Renault R35 turret, fitted with a dummy gun. Another tank is displayed at Užice, in Serbia. The Bulgarian National Museum of Military History displays one of the vehicles used by the Bulgarian police forces. In Latrun, the Yad la-Shiryon Museum shows one of the tanks used by the IDF. In Russia, the Kubinka tank museum has a Hotchkiss tank which was captured from ''211. Panzerabteilung'' in the summer of 1944.

title: Hotchkiss H35


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User:Geo Swan/Abdul Rauf (ISIS recruiter)

Mullah Abdul Rauf was a recruiter for ISIS, killed by a drone strike in February 2015. He has been described as having defected from the Taliban. He has been described as having two different backgrounds.

In 1999 United Nations Security Council resolution 1267 listed an individual named Mullah Abdul Rauf as a senior member of the Taliban regime, and requested member states of the UN to freeze any financial assets he had in their countries. This individual was an original member of the Taliban, who rose to be a Corps Commander and Taliban Governor of Konar Province.

In October 2001 a youth named Abdul Rauf Aliza, who was serving as a cook for the Taliban, surrendered to General Dostum's Northern Alliance forces, and was subsequently sent for extrajudicial detention in the United States' Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. For reasons that have never been made public, Guantanamo intelligence analysts recorded that Abdul Rauf Aliza was the Taliban leader known as Mullah Abdul Rauf, even though the original Mullah Abdul Rauf remained at large, and continued to serve as a Taliban spokesman, and the youth was too young to have been listed on UN Security Council resolution 1267.

Cathy Gannon, reporting for the Associated Press, quoted Afghan officials who repeated the Guantanamo claim that Mullah Abdul Rauf had been held in G


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Annie Sophie Cory

Annie Sophie Cory (1 October 1868 – 2 August 1952) was a British author of popular, racy, exotic New Woman novels under the pseudonyms Victoria Cross(e), Vivian Cory and V.C. Griffin.

Life
Annie Sophie Cory was the youngest of three daughters born to Colonel Arthur Cory and his wife Fanny Elizabeth Griffin. Her older sisters were the poet Adela Florence Nicolson and the editor Isabell Tate, who edited the Sind Gazette in India.

She was born in Rawalpindi, Punjab, and was also baptized there on 27 October 1868. Her father was employed in the British army at Lahore, where he was editor of the Lahore arm of The Civil and Military Gazette. Despite her parents' sojourn in India, they eventually returned to England, having maintained ties to their native country. Cory attended London University at nineteen years old in 1888, but did not graduate. In the 1891 England Census, Cory is listed as residing at 35 Tavistock Crescent, Paddington, London with her mother.

After Arthur's death in 1903, Annie traveled extensively over the Continent with her maternal uncle, Heneage McKenzie Griffin, who was the owner of the Seven-Thirty silver mine in Boulder, Colorado and prominently involved in the mining industry as one of its richest entrepreneurs. They lived together from 1916 to 1939, until his death in Italy. Having been bequeathed her uncle's entire fortune, Cory settled in Monte Carlo to live with female friends. She also had a residence at 8 Via Cantonale Legano, Switzerland. After her death in Milan, Italy, Cory was buried beside her uncle in 1952. She left £87,304 10s 8d in her will.

Writing career
Annie Sophie's most established pseudonym was Victoria Cross. According to The Bookman, she chose this pseudonym, "because her initials are V.C. and...she is the descendent of a V.C." (Victoria Cross medal recipient).

She had her first piece, Theodora, a Fragment, published in The Yellow Book in 1895. In the same year she wrote The Woman Who Didn't, a response to Grant Allen's book The Woman Who Did. Anna Lombard (1901) was her most successful novel, in which a woman convinces her husband to allow her to continue an extra-marital affair with an Indian. In Six Chapters of a Man's Life (1903), narrated by Cecil, an Englishman working in the East, details his love affair with Theodora, who accompanies him out of love to Port Said, Egypt, disguised for her safety as a male. Once her true sex is revealed to Egyptian males through an impulsive kiss from her lover, Theodora is assaulted and disfigured, returning to Cecil after a week spent as a captive in a brothel. Though their love endures, Theodora drowns herself to escape the shame of her experience.

Reception
While praising Anna Lombard's "great success" despite its racy themes, William Thomas Stead reviewed its companion volume Life of my Heart (1905) with concern over its clear portrayal of interracial relationships as a positive development. He complained, "Victoria Cross has done a daring thing in thus exalting the sacrifice of everything for the love of a bronze archangel in disguise, and if she had not idealised her lover in the latter part of the book, she would have gone perilously near suggesting that the best thing a girl can do is to elope with the best-looking fellow – white or coloured makes no matter – who crosses her path...But what, in the name of fortune, makes Victoria Cross so crazy about exalting the superiority of natives as husbands over the typical Anglo-Indian?" Describing the passion of Cory's plot and language in the recently published novel Tomorrow? (1904), The Navy and Army Illustrated remarks, "The image that comes to mind...is that of a falling star; a white-hot thing rushing straight and swift through darkness to be lost in darkness. There is no stopping or turning aside; all is straight, swift motion to the end, and the swifter the star travels through the gloom, the more friction there is, so to speak. Between passion and unhappiness, the whiter and fiercer it glowers...Miss Victoria Cross writes in a white heat of passion."

A feminist utopian fantasy, Martha Brown MP (1935), Cory's last novel, describes a future in which women rule England.

Themes
Cory's stories often detail behaviors and desires unusual in the Victorian period such as female cross-dressing, unbridled and unashamed sexual desire, longing for and fear of interracial sexual relationships, and questioning of traditional heterosexual gender roles for men and women.

Legacy
Though her reputation as a writer of New Woman fiction is now more obscure, Cory is remembered chiefly as an author of decadent literature.

Fate Knows No Tears (2008) by Mary Talbot Cross is a fictional retelling of the life of Cory's sister Adela as a young woman in India; Annie Sophie appears as a secondary character in the novel.

Novels
The following list is taken from A Companion to On-line & Off-line Literature.
 * The Woman Who Didn't (1895; original title: Consummation; retitled by John Lane for his Keynote series as a response to Grant Allen's The Woman Who Did)
 * Paula (1896)
 * A Girl of the Klondike (1899)
 * Anna Lombard (1901)
 * Six Chapters of a Man's Life (1903)
 * To-morrow? (1904)
 * The Religion of Evelyn Hastings (1905)
 * Life of My Heart (1905)
 * Six Women (1906)
 * Life's Shop-Window (1907) Filmed (1914) as Life's Shop Window)
 * Five Nights (1908)
 * The Eternal Fires (1910)
 * The Love of Kusuma (1910)
 * Self and the Other (1911)
 * The Life Sentence (1912)
 * The Night of Temptation (1912)
 * The Greater Law (a.k.a. Hilda Against The World) (1914)
 * Daughters of Heaven (short stories, 1920)
 * Over Life's Edge (1921)
 * The Beating Heart (1924)
 * Electric Love (1929)
 * The Unconscious Sinner (a.k.a. The Innocent Sinner) (1931)
 * A Husband's Holiday (1932)
 * The Girl in the Studio (1934)
 * Martha Brown, MP (1935)
 * Jim (1937)

title: Annie Sophie Cory


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đá

Etymology 1
From ; cognate with 🇨🇬 atæːˀ.

Schuessler (2007) claims that this Vietic word and Khmer might be related to   (B-S) (SV: ). However, this is unlikely due to both
 * the mismatch between final *-k and *-ʔ (unless Chinese added "the familiar final -k" after foreign *-ʔ, resulting in *-ʔ-k > *-k; for an analogy,  >  )
 * and the fact the Khmer word is likely borrowed from Vietnamese or another Vietic language instead of inheriting from a common source.

Noun

 * 1) rock, stone
 * 2)  ice as used for consumption or refrigeration
 * 3)  meth, methamphetamine

Usage notes

 * is often used to refer to big rocks, to small stones,  to mid-sized or small stones/rocks.  is the colloquial classifier, used for stones and rocks of all sizes, although usually on the smaller side.
 * the above "rule" is not always followed.

Etymology 2
From ; cognate with 🇨🇬 tʌːˀ.

Verb

 * 1) to kick without using the sole
 * 2)  to dump (one's girlfriend, boyfriend, etc.); to abandon
 * 3)  to fight each other
 * 4)  to go; to come by
 * 5)  to eat or drink
 * 1)  to go; to come by
 * 2)  to eat or drink

Noun

 * 1) a kick made without using the sole

title: đá


text:
Talk:Diann Roffe

Citation
Dear Sir, I did cit. the German Wikipedia (but most of it I am knowing by myself). Skiscout (talk) 14:10, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Diann Roffe


text:
palladium hydride

Noun

 * 1)  A form of metallic palladium that has adsorbed a substantial amount of elemental hydrogen into the interstices of its structure.

title: palladium hydride


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Wikipedia:Wiki Loves Pride/2017/Serbia

Wikimedia Serbia, in cooperation with the Civil Rights Defenders organization and the Pride Parade Belgrade association, organized "Wiki Loves Pride" edit-a-thon in writing new and improving existing articles in Serbian Wikipedia on topics of LGBT+ rights, persons, organizations, cinematography and all other topics that support human rights and differences. Edit-a-thon was held on September 14, at the Wikimedia Serbia office.

The results:

For the realization of this project and a positive attitude towards the LGBT population, Wikimedia Serbia was nominated for the “Duga” (eng. Rainbow) Award for 2017/18. The "Duga" Award was established by the Gay Straight Alliance (GSA) in 2013 and is being awarded each year on May 17th - International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia.

Images from Wiki Loves Pride Edit-a-thon:

title: Wikipedia:Wiki Loves Pride/2017/Serbia