text:
Talk:Ben Loory

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Ben Loory. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101030013729/http://quickfiction.org:80/issues/2046/qf17/?qfin=17 to http://quickfiction.org/issues/2046/qf17/?qfin=17
 * Added tag to http://antiochcollege.org/antioch_review/back_issues/spring_2011/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110821044920/http://www.wnyc.org:80/shows/lopate/2011/aug/18/ben-loorys-emstories-nighttime-and-some-dayem/ to http://www.wnyc.org/shows/lopate/2011/aug/18/ben-loorys-emstories-nighttime-and-some-dayem/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:20, 30 October 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Ben Loory. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110825155251/http://bookishreadingclub.com/books/9781101529287 to http://bookishreadingclub.com/books/9781101529287

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:51, 14 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ben Loory


text:
Paarl Commando

Paarl Commando was a light infantry regiment of the South African Army. It formed part of the South African Army Infantry Formation as well as the South African Territorial Reserve.

With the SADF
During this era, the unit was mainly used for area force protection, search and cordones as well as stock theft control assistance to the rural police.

Disbandment
This unit, along with all other Commando units was disbanded after a decision by South African President Thabo Mbeki to disband all Commando Units. The Commando system was phased out between 2003 and 2008 "because of the role it played in the apartheid era", according to the Minister of Safety and Security Charles Nqakula.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Paarl Commando


text:
USA-150

USA-150, also known as GPS IIR-4 and GPS SVN-51, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the fourth Block IIR GPS satellite to be launched, out of thirteen in the original configuration, and twenty one overall. It was built by Lockheed Martin, using the AS-4000 satellite bus.

Launch
USA-150 was launched at 01:48:00 UTC on 11 May 2000, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D278, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-150 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37FM apogee motor.

Mission
By 11 June 2000, USA-150 was in an orbit with a perigee of 20133 km, an apogee of 20234 km, a period of 718.02 minutes, and 54.9° of inclination to the equator. It is used to broadcast the PRN 20 signal, and operates in slot 1 of plane E of the GPS constellation, having replaced USA-35, the first operational GPS satellite. The satellite has a mass of 2032 kg, and a design life of 10 years. As of 2012 it remains in service.

title: USA-150


text:
VIM antisense RNA 1

VIM antisense RNA 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VIM-AS1 gene.

title: VIM antisense RNA 1


text:
User:DanielJanzon

I'm Daniel Janzon, 22. I recently started writing Intelligence Intensification, perhaps the most important subject for humanity.

My interests are, among other things,

 * 1) Mathematics
 * 2) Physics
 * 3) Computer programming
 * 4) Surviving, especially the reactions in my organism when luxory is not present
 * 5) Karate, am training at the local club
 * 6) Pistol shooting, currently no training, but I find the subject extremely interesting
 * 7) Walking, at least one hour of walking a day
 * 8) Looking at art, everything that is new, love modern art
 * 9) Music
 * 10) Dreams, being aware in them
 * 11) Politics, believe most things in society is handled in the wrong way
 * 12) Literature, love Dostoyevsky, Douglas Adams, and many others
 * 13) Short finite projects, like learning to juggle, learning to walk on the hands, etc

title: User:DanielJanzon


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/Local/carefree-creative.com

Links

 * carefree-creative.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is blacklisted by \bcar on [//is.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mediawiki:Spam-blacklist is.wiktionary.org]
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is blacklisted by \bcar on [//is.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mediawiki:Spam-blacklist is.wiktionary.org]

Selected additions

 * Displayed 7 additions out of 7 total.	 For more info see WikiProject_Spam/LinkReports/carefree-creative.com

Entry
Log entry for the MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist:

\bcarefree-creative\.com\b  # ADMINNAME # see  [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam/Local/carefree-creative.com ]]

Discussion
See COIBot report for more details.

New data reported. --COIBot (talk) 03:07, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

New data reported. --COIBot (talk) 08:23, 25 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
User:Wdemuth

User since August 2014.

I'm an IT Support engineer with an extensive background in imaging equipment, and I have training in high-risk environments.

Currently, I work for Metrofuser, I spend most of my time in the operations area and product development, I work out of one of their New Jersey offices.

I Co-founded a Information Technology company that was named to Inc. Magazine’s fastest-growing companies for five consecutive years. The company provided solutions and services for the private sector, academia, and government agencies.

title: User:Wdemuth


text:
Sam Kito III

Sam Kito III (born 1964) is an American politician from Alaska. A Democrat, he served in the Alaska House of Representatives as one of two representatives from Juneau since his appointment in 2014 until 2019.

A lobbyist and civil engineer by trade, Kito was appointed to serve out the term of Beth Kerttula in House District 32 after she resigned in early 2014. Governor Sean Parnell selected him in February from among three nominees forwarded by the Tongass Democrats, passing over Juneau Assemblyman Jesse Kiehl and Juneau School District budget committeewoman Catherine Reardon. He was sworn in on February 26, 2014, and joined the Democratic-led minority caucus.

After his appointment, Kito ran for election to a full term in House District 33 (due to redistricting) and won in a landslide over Republican Peter Dukowitz.

When the legislature eliminated per diem payments for any legislator who lived within 50 miles of the state capital of Juneau, he concluded he could not keep his daughter in college on his small legislative salary, so did not run for reelection. His compensation would have been cut from $82,488 to $50,400.

Personal life
Kito was born in Anchorage and lives in Juneau. He is of Tlingit and Japanese heritage. He has a teenage daughter. His father, Sam Kito, Jr., is a long time lobbyist. He is named for his grandfather, Sam Kito, Sr., a resident of Petersburg who was interned in a U.S. government camp in Idaho during World War II.

title: Sam Kito III


text:
Sure As I'm Sittin' Here

"Sure As I'm Sittin' Here" is a song written and originally performed by John Hiatt. Hiatt released the original version of the song as a single in February, 1974, and included it on his debut album Hangin' Around the Observatory. Hiatt's version of "Sure As I'm Sittin' Here" failed to chart.

Other Versions

 * Three Dog Night released the song as a single in mid 1974, where it reached #16 on the Billboard chart and #18 in Canada in 1974. Three Dog Night's version of "Sure As I'm Sittin' Here" was produced by Jimmy Ienner. It was featured on their 1974 album, Hard Labor.  Though they would make the top 40 in both US and Canada with two further singles, this was Three Dog Night's final top 20 hit.

title: Sure As I'm Sittin' Here


text:
Nicolaas Scholtz

Nicolaas Scholtz (born November 5, 1986) is a Namibian cricketer. He is a left-handed batsman and a leg-break bowler. He represented the Namibian cricket team in five Youth One-Day Internationals during the Under-19s World Cup of 2006.

Scholtz tends to occupy a mid-range position in the batting lineup. In 2007, he hit a career-best 64 in the ICC Continental Cup against Canada.

title: Nicolaas Scholtz


text:
Calculus/Real numbers

Fields
You are probably already familiar with many different sets of numbers from your past experience. Some of the commonly used sets of numbers are
 * Natural numbers, usually denoted with an $$\N$$, are the numbers $$1,2,3,\ldots$$
 * Integers, usually denoted with a $$\Z$$, are the positive and negative natural numbers: $$\ldots,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,\ldots$$
 * Rational numbers, denoted with a $$\Q$$, are fractions of integers (excluding division by zero): $$\left\{\frac{p}{q}:p,q\in\Z,q\ne0\right\}$$
 * Real numbers, denoted with a $$\R$$, are constructed and discussed below.

Note that different sets of numbers have different properties. In the set integers for example, any number always has an additive inverse: for any integer $$x$$, there is another integer $$t$$ such that $$x+t=0$$ This should not be terribly surprising: from basic arithmetic we know that $$t=-x$$. Try to prove to yourself that not all natural numbers have an additive inverse.

In mathematics, it is useful to note the important properties of each of these sets of numbers. The rational numbers, which will be of primary concern in constructing the real numbers, have the following properties:
 * There exists a number 0 such that for any other number $$a$$, $$0+a=a+0=a$$
 * For any two numbers $$a,b$$, $$a+b$$ is another number
 * For any three numbers a,b, and c, a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c
 * For any number a there is another number -a such that a+(-a)=0
 * For any two numbers a and b, a+b=b+a
 * For any two numbers a and b, a*b is another number
 * There is a number 1 such that for any number a, a*1=1*a=a
 * For any two numbers a and b, a*b=b*a
 * For any three numbers a,b and c, a(bc)=(ab)c
 * For any three numbers a,b and c, a(b+c)=ab+ac
 * For every number a there is another number a-1 such that aa-1=1

As presented above, these may seem quite intimidating. However, these properties are nothing more than basic facts from arithmetic. Any collection of numbers (and operations + and * on those numbers) which satisfies the above properties is called a field. The properties above are usually called field axioms.  As an exercise, determine if the integers form a field, and if not, which field axiom(s) they violate.

Even though the list of field axioms is quite extensive, it does not fully explore the properties of rational numbers. Rational numbers also have an ordering.' A total ordering must satisfy several properties: for any numbers a, b, and c
 * if a ≤ b and b ≤ a then a = b (antisymmetry)
 * if a ≤ b and b ≤ c then a ≤ c (transitivity)
 * a ≤ b or b ≤ a (totality)

To familiarize yourself with these properties, try to show that (a) natural numbers, integers and rational numbers are all totally ordered and more generally (b) convince yourself that any collection of rational numbers are totally ordered (note that the integers and natural numbers are both collections of rational numbers).

Finally, it is useful to recognize one more characterization of the rational numbers: every rational number has a decimal expansion which is either repeating or terminating. The proof of this fact is omitted, however it follows from the definition of each rational number as a fraction. When performing long division, the remainder at any stage can only take on positive integer values smaller than the denominator, of which there are finitely many.

Constructing the Real Numbers
There are two additional tools which are needed for the construction of the real numbers: the upper bound and the least upper bound. Definition A collection of numbers E is bounded above if there exists a number m such that for all x in E x≤m. Any number m which satisfies this condition is called an upper bound of the set E.

Definition If a collection of numbers E is bounded above with m as an upper bound of E, and all other upper bounds of E are bigger than m, we call m the least upper bound or supremum of E, denoted by sup E.

Many collections of rational numbers do not have a least upper bound which is also rational, although some do. Suppose the numbers 5 and 10/3 are, together, taken to be E. The number 5 is not only an upper bound of E, it is a least upper bound. In general, there are many upper bounds (12, for instance, is an upper bound of the collection above), but there can be at most one least upper bound.

Consider the collection of numbers $$\{3, 3.1, 3.14, 3.141, 3.1415, \dots\}$$: You may recognize these decimals as the first few digits of pi. Since each decimal terminates, each number in this collection is a rational number. This collection has infinitely many upper bounds. The number 4, for instance, is an upper bound. There is no least upper bound, at least not in the rational numbers. Try to convince yourself of this fact by attempting to construct such a least upper bound: (a) why does pi not work as a least upper bound (hint: pi does not have a repeating or terminating decimal expansion), (b) what happens if the proposed supremum is equal to pi up to some decimal place, and zeros after (c) if the proposed supremum is bigger than pi, can you find a smaller upper bound which will work?

In fact, there are infinitely many collections of rational numbers which do not have a rational least upper bound. We define a real number to be any number that is the least upper bound of some collection of rational numbers.

Properties of Real Numbers
The reals are totally ordered.
 * For all reals; a, b, c
 * Either b>a, b=a, or ba implies b+c>a+c
 * b>a and c>0 implies bc>ac
 * b>a implies -a>-b

Upper bound axiom
 * Every non-empty set of real numbers which is bounded above has a supremum.

The upper bound axiom is necessary for calculus. It is not true for rational numbers.

We can also define lower bounds in the same way.

Definition A set E is bounded below if there exists a real M such that for all x∈E x≥M Any M which satisfies this condition is called an lower bound of the set E

Definition If a set, E, is bounded below, M is an lower bound of E, and all other lower bounds of E are less than M, we call M the greatest lower bound or inifimum of E, denoted by inf E

The supremum and infimum of finite sets are the same as their maximum and minimum.

Theorem
 * Every non-empty set of real numbers which is bounded below  has an infimum.

Proof:
 * Let E be a non-empty set of real numbers, bounded below
 * Let L be the set of all lower bounds of E
 * L is not empty, by definition of bounded below
 * Every element of E is an upper bound to the set L, by definition
 * Therefore, L is a non empty set which is bounded above
 * L has a supremum, by the upper bound axiom
 * 1/ Every lower bound of E is ≤sup L, by definition of supremum
 * Suppose there were an e∈E such that e<sup L
 * Every element of L is ≤e, by definition
 * Therefore e is an upper bound of L and e<sup L
 * This contradicts the definition of supremum, so there can be no such e.
 * If e∈E then e≥sup L, proved by contradiction
 * 2/ Therefore, sup L is a lower bound of E
 * inf E exists, and is equal to sup L, on comparing definition of infinum to lines 1 & 2

Bounds and inequalities, theorems: $$A \subseteq B \Rightarrow \sup A \le \sup B$$ $$A \subseteq B \Rightarrow \inf A \ge \inf B$$ $$ \sup A \cup B = \max (\sup A, \sup B)$$ $$ \inf A \cup B = \min (\inf A, \inf B)$$

Theorem:  (The triangle inequality)
 * $$\forall a,b,c \in \R \quad |a-b| \le |a-c|+|c-b|$$

Proof by considering cases

If a≤b≤c then |a-c|+|c-b| = (c-a)+(c-b) = 2(c-b)+(b-a)≥b-a = |b-a|

Exercise: Prove the other five cases.

This theorem is a special case of the triangle inequality theorem from geometry: The sum of two sides of a triangle is greater than or equal to the third side. It is useful whenever we need to manipulate inequalities and absolute values.

title: Calculus/Real numbers


text:
analogija

Etymology
Ultimately from, , borrowed via other European languages.

Noun

 * 1) analogy

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) analogy

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) analogy

title: analogija


text:
Talk:Ana María Estupiñán

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Ana María Estupiñán. Please take a moment to review my edit. You may add after the link to keep me from modifying it, if I keep adding bad data, but formatting bugs should be reported instead. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether, but should be used as a last resort. I made the following changes:
 * Attempted to fix sourcing for http://ficcifestival.com/premios.php

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 02:30, 30 March 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Ana María Estupiñán. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140407104255/https://es-us.celebridades.yahoo.com/blogs/lo-que-te-perdiste/la-actriz-ana-mar%C3%ADa-est%C3%BApi%C3%B1an-se-vuelve-una-ronca-de-oro-muy-bella-012205494.html to https://es-us.celebridades.yahoo.com/blogs/lo-que-te-perdiste/la-actriz-ana-mar%C3%ADa-est%C3%BApi%C3%B1an-se-vuelve-una-ronca-de-oro-muy-bella-012205494.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/27-02-11/rcn-televisi-n-arras-en-la-vig-sima-s-ptima-versi-n-de-los-premios-india-catalina-

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 12:17, 4 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ana María Estupiñán


text: User:ClueBot III/Detailed Indices/User talk:Vanished user 278d8b9e769f74365327e651fab9a44b/Archives/2020/April


text:
Open Source Security Foundation

The Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) is a cross-industry forum for collaborative improvement of open-source software security. Part of the Linux Foundation, the OpenSSF works on various technical and educational initiatives to improve the security of the open-source software ecosystem.

History
The OpenSSF was formed in August 2020 as the successor to the Core Infrastructure Initiative, another Linux Foundation project.

In October 2021, Brian Behlendorf was announced as the OpenSSF's first full-time general manager. In May 2023, OpenSSF announced Omkhar Arasaratnam as its new general manager, and Behlendorf became CTO of the organization.

Working Groups and Projects
The OpenSSF houses various initiatives under its 10 current working groups. The OpenSSF also houses two projects: the code signing and verification service Sigstore and Alpha-Omega, a large-scale effort to improve software supply chain security.

Policy
The White House held a meeting on software security with government and private sector stakeholders on January 13, 2022. In May 2022, the OpenSSF hosted a follow-up meeting, the Open Source Software Security Summit II, where participants from industry agreed on a 10-point Open Source Software Security Mobilization Plan, which received $30 million in funding commitments. In August 2023, the OpenSSF served as an advisor for DARPA's AI Cyber Challenge (AIxCC), a competition around innovation around AI and cybersecurity. In September 2023, the OpenSSF hosted the Secure Open Source Software Summit with the White House, where government agencies and companies discussed security challenges and initiatives around open source software.

title: Open Source Security Foundation


text:
Festival Europäische Kirchenmusik

The Festival Europäische Kirchenmusik (European Church Music Festival) (in short: EKM) is a German music festival held annually in July and August since 1989 in Schwäbisch Gmünd. The festival is attended by over 15,000 visitors each season. The programs include a musical repertoire from the Middle Ages to the present. In addition to international ensembles it showcases young talents. There are competitions for composition of sacred music and organ improvisation, commissioned works and world premieres. The festival has also given the Preis der Europäischen Kirchenmusik since 1999.

title: Festival Europäische Kirchenmusik


text:
Talk:Badminton at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's singles

Group Stage Schedule
Should the date of the matches in the group stage be removed from having their own row and replaced with a column in order to make it more compact? I don't see the need to have an entire row for the date as there will be at most only one match per day per group.


text:
Rotor (ride)

The Rotor is an amusement ride designed and patented by German engineer Ernst Hoffmeister in 1948. The ride was first demonstrated at Oktoberfest 1949 and still appears in numerous amusement parks. The Rotor is a large, upright barrel, rotated to create an inward acting centripetal force supplied by the wall's support's force. Once at full speed, the floor is retracted, leaving the riders stuck to the wall of the drum.

History
The Rotor amusement ride was designed and patented by German engineer Ernst Hoffmeister in 1948. It was first demonstrated at Oktoberfest 1949, and was exhibited at fairs and events throughout Europe, during the 1950s and 1960s. The ride still appears in select amusement parks in Europe, although travelling variants have been surpassed by the Gravitron.

Design and operation
The Rotor is a large, upright barrel, rotated at 33 revolutions per minute. The rotation of the barrel creates an inward acting centripetal force supplied by the wall's support's force, equivalent to almost 3 g. Once the barrel has attained full speed, the floor is retracted, leaving the riders stuck to the wall of the drum. At the end of the ride cycle, the drum slows down and gravity takes over. The riders slide down the wall slowly. Most Rotors were constructed with an observation deck.

Although Hoffmeister was the designer, most Rotors were constructed under license. In Australia, the Rotors were built by Ted Hopkins of Luna Park Milsons Point. In the United States, two main companies were responsible for production; the Velare Brothers and the Anglo Rotor Corporation. A dispute between these two companies was resolved when the construction rights to touring Rotors were assigned to the Velare Brothers, while permanent-standing Rotors (later becoming known as Chance Rotors) became the domain of ARC.

Appearances

 * Australia – Three Rotors were built in Australia based on Hoffmeister's design. All had been demolished or destroyed by the 1990s, although a slightly redesigned Rotor was rebuilt for Luna Park Sydney in 1995, which is still in operation.
 * United States – Several Rotors have been constructed in the United States, since the 1960s. There is only one known fixed location Rotor currently in operation in the United States, which is an SDC Model ride. It operates at Canobie Lake Park in Salem, New Hampshire ("Turkish Twist"). A standard Chance model Rotor still stands at Sylvan Beach Amusement Park in Sylvan Beach, New York, but has not operated since the 2018 season. A traveling Chance Rotor travels with Kissel Entertainment, but no longer features the dropping floor.

Past appearances

 * Adventureland (Known as "Silly Silo", active 1974 – 2013), Altoona, Iowa
 * AstroWorld (known as the "Barrel of Fun" 1971 – 1979), Houston, Texas
 * Battersea Fun Fair, London
 * Boblo Island (circa 1980s), Ontario, Canada
 * Canadian National Exhibition (circa 1980's), Toronto, Ontario
 * Carowinds (1973-1980s, known as "The Oaken Bucket")
 * Cedar Point (circa 1960s – circa 1970s), Sandusky, Ohio
 * Coney Island (1970 – 1971), Cincinnati, Ohio
 * Conneaut Lake Park (known as the "Hell Hole" 1976 – 1992), Conneaut Lake, Pennsylvania
 * COSI Columbus (1999 – 2011), Columbus, Ohio
 * Crystal Beach Park (circa 1960s), west of Fort Erie, Ontario
 * Elitch Gardens (known as the "Mine Shaft" 1989 – 1998), Denver, Colorado
 * Euclid Beach Park [1957 – 1969] [Cleveland], Ohio
 * Fantasy Island (known as "Devil's Hole" active 1975 – 1993), Grand Island, New York
 * Frontier City (relocated from Six Flags Over Texas, known as the Terrible Twister from 1992 to 2014, when it was renamed Tumbleweed. 1992 – 2019)
 * Geauga Lake (1981 – 1999), Aurora, Ohio
 * Great Escape (1983 – circa 1990s) Queensbury, New York
 * Hersheypark (1970 – 1994 ), Hershey, Pennsylvania
 * Kennywood – three different rides (1955 – 1958; 1965 – 1972; 1988 – 1994), West Mifflin, Pennsylvania
 * Kings Dominion Time Shaft (1979 – 1995), Doswell, Virginia
 * Kings Island (1972 – 1982), Mason, Ohio
 * Lagoon Amusement Park (1972 – circa 1990), Farmington, Utah
 * Lake Compounce (closed in 2010), Bristol, Connecticut
 * Lakeside Amusement Park (1990s – 2005), Denver, Colorado
 * Nottingham Goose Fair (Mid 1950s to mid 1970s)
 * Old Chicago (1975 – 1980), Bolingbrook, Illinois
 * Old Indiana (circa 1980s?), Thorntown, Indiana
 * Pacific Ocean Park (1960 – 1967) Santa Monica, California
 * Palace Playland (closed circa mid-1990s), Old Orchard Beach, Maine
 * Paragon Park (closed 1984), Nantasket Beach, Hull, Massachusetts
 * The Pike (circa 1960s – 1979 opened as "Rotor", Long Beach, California
 * Playland Amusement Park (circa 1970s) Ocean City, Maryland
 * Pontchartrain Beach (1963 – 1983), New Orleans, Louisiana
 * Riverview Park (Chicago) (1952–1967)
 * Six Flags Great America (known as Cajun Cliffhanger, opened 1976 and closed in 2000 due to an accident when two girls were injured on the ride, Gurnee, Illinois.)
 * Six Flags Magic Mountain (1971 – 2008 "Spin-out" custom wood enclosure and observation deck), Valencia, California
 * Six Flags New England (removed after 1998 season), Agawam, Massachusetts
 * Six Flags Over Georgia Was called the "Spindle Top" (removed), Atlanta, Georgia
 * Six Flags Over Texas "Spindletop" (1967 – 1989), Arlington, Texas
 * Six Flags St. Louis (Known as "Tom's Twister" active 1972 – 2005), Eureka, Missouri
 * Wicksteed Park, Kettering, Northamptonshire
 * Worlds of Fun (Known as "Finnish Fling", active 1973 – 2017 ), Kansas City, Missouri

In popular culture

 * A scene in The 400 Blows depicts Antoine Doinel (Jean-Pierre Léaud) riding a Rotor. Director François Truffaut is among the other riders.
 * The 2006 film Candy opening scene features actors Abbie Cornish and Heath Ledger riding the Rotor in Sydney's Luna Park, while actor Geoffrey Rush watches them from above.
 * In the 1976 television series Charlie's Angels, the heroines capture a criminal by trapping him into a Rotor ride and turning it on; as such, he became stuck to the wall and couldn't escape.
 * In the season 4 The Cleveland Show episode "Spins, Pins, and Fins!", after breaking into an abandoned amusement park, Cleveland, Lester, Holt, and Tim become trapped while riding the park's Rotor after Lester, who was supposed to be operating the ride, jumps into the ride to join the rest of his friends.

title: Rotor (ride)


text:
Dichotomous Key/Cetacea

1

 * Teeth present
 * No, has baleen plates -
 * Yes -

2: Mysticeti

 * Series of longitudinal folds of skin running from below the mouth back to the navel
 * Present -
 * Not present -

3

 * Gumline
 * White - Caperea marginata
 * Other color -

4: Balaenopteridae

 * Hump on back
 * Present - Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae
 * Not present - ../Balaenoptera/

5

 * Callositities
 * Numerous - ../Eubalaena/
 * Few - Eschrichtius robustus

title: Dichotomous Key/Cetacea


text:
Talk:Deep Ng

POV
This article is biased. Lots and lots of POV with no citation. --<IP_ADDRESS> 13:11, 5 July 2007 (UTC)Chaosbladeuk 23:54, 2 July 2007
 * I got rid of a bunch of unsourced statements saying that Deep Ng is a drug dealer, a former stripper, etc, added by a bunch of anons. They have survived here for a long time. They are probably all false. Andrew_pmk | Talk 09:33, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Thanks for that, it annoyed the hell out of me that deformation of a wiki existed that long. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Chaosbladeuk (talk • contribs) 09:37, 4 July 2007

This page has been vandalized on a daily basis. Whenever it was reverted, someone vandalize it again.

This has been vandalised again, someone must have it in for Deep Ng >>. Please could you revert it back .--Chaosbladeuk 10:51, 7 July 2007 (UTC)Chaosbladeuk

Erhmm, almost everything on that page is false. I am not sure why the information is still up there but it should definitely be cleaned up.

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 11:11, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

Propose to delete this page
As the flagged warning states, this kind of bio needs independent citations and verifications. When one clicks on the 2 external links provided, one link is broken, and the other links to a commercial ad. Of the filmography cited, not a single picture lists him as actor. He's alleged to have won in the 2002 HK regional contest, but when you look at the names listed, he's only 2nd runner-up. Heck, how many 2nd runner-ups in Miss America contests are listed in WP, or any from the 50 states? This is just a HK regional. IMHO, this kind of page hurts the credibility of WP. His page in Chinese may be more meaningful to people in HK. --EJohn59 (talk) 20:10, 17 May 2009 (UTC)EJohn59
 * EJohn asked me to comment, but I cannot really judge from my own knowledge the significance of awards in this field. But going from the article on the awards, 2nd runner up = 3rd place. In most fields, 3rd place in a major international highest-level contest might sometimes be notable, but this seems to be junior level, and usually only the winner would be, if that. For the 1st place in the Regional, (if interpreted as a Hong Kong national contest), notability would depend on the contest. National junior winners is one of the uncertain fields, but in a few cases it has been upheld, sometimes not.   What bothers me more, is the various people listed in the WP tabulation of contestants who are not winners, nor ranking even so high as him, and do not have wikipedia articles. it would seem fairer to have there a table on actual winners plus others with WP articles. But this is a comment from someone who is both a stranger to the subject and cannot read the language DGG (talk) 22:59, 23 May 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Deep Ng


text:
Henry Harbaugh

Henry Harbaugh (October 28, 1817, near Waynesboro, Pennsylvania - December 28, 1867 in Mercersburg, Pennsylvania) was a Pennsylvania Dutch clergyman of the German Reformed Church.

Biography
He taught to obtain means to enter college, and studied at Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, but was unable to finish either a classical or theological course. He was ordained in 1843, and installed as pastor of the German Reformed Church at Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, and in 1850 accepted a call to the church at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he remained until he moved to Lebanon, Pennsylvania, in 1860.

In 1863, he was appointed by his synod professor of theology at the Mercersburg Seminary. He occupied this chair until his death, which was occasioned by undue mental exertion.

He was one of the exponents of the Mercersburg Theology.

Works
He published some poems in Pennsylvania Dutch, and also wrote:
 * Heaven, or the Sainted Dead (3 vols., 1843–53)
 * Heavenly Recognition (1851)
 * The Heavenly Home (1853)
 * Union with the Church (1853)
 * Birds of the Bible (1854)
 * Life of Rev. Richard Schlatter (1857)
 * The Fathers of the German Reformed Church (1858)
 * The True Glory of Woman, and a Plea for the Lord's Portion of a Christian's Wealth (1860)
 * The Golden Censer (1860)
 * Hymns and Chants (Lebanon, 1861)
 * Christological Theology (Philadelphia, 1864)

He compiled numerous church almanacs, edited The Child's Treasury, and contributed a great number of sketches to the German Reformed Church "Cyclopaedia." From 1850 to 1866 he was the editor of the Guardian, a monthly magazine which he founded. Later he was editor of the Mercersburg Review and was on the staff of the Reformed Church Messenger.

title: Henry Harbaugh


text:
Talk:Japanese battleship Nagato

image query
I am looking at the article and some of the pictures show a ship with two funnels while others show it with one. The Nagato class page has a single funnel. Are the images incorrect? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:31, 30 July 2022 (UTC)
 * The forward funnel was eliminated when she was rebuilt in the 1930s.--Sturmvogel 66 (talk) 23:29, 30 July 2022 (UTC)

Are all Japanese battleships destroyed?
Nagato, the last surviving Japanese battleship … capsized and sank Do I understand this correctly – do no Japanese battleships from the period survive to this day? Somehow I think that's a shame. Shinobu (talk) 15:46, 9 June 2008 (UTC)

 * None of the Japanese battleships from WWII survive today. Admiral Togo's flagship at the Battle of Tsushima (1905?), the Mikasa, is preserved as a museum ship at Yokosuka, Japan, and is the only one of its type, pre-dreadnought battleship, surviving in the world today.Naaman Brown (talk) 14:55, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

1st picture
I'm not too impressed with the photograph above the info box - its got no caption (probably because the accompanying description has no information other than the ship's name), no where, when, etc and it has more than a hint of a double image. The line drawing might be better. But I am reluctant to change it without consensus. What do others think?

RASAM (talk) 20:05, 11 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Changed it out a few months back. Just noticed your note now. Gunbirddriver (talk) 04:13, 15 June 2011 (UTC)

Assets protected for important actions
The Japanese had a limited number of major assets, and were unable to produce more. They spent a fair amount of time at safe anchorages to protect them from unnecessary loss, the primary fear being submarine attack, which became a greater and greater threat as the war ground on. Despite their effective use of the aircraft carrier through the first six months of the war, the carrier being the main source of power projection was not understood by the higher command structure. Younger officers like Minoru Genda well understood the importance of airpower in naval engagements, and was to have said the battleship force was useful for little more than building piers with, but even Yamamoto held the belief that the war would be won by a decisive battle fought by their battleship forces (note the powerful battle force he was sailing in during the battle of Midway, though he was three hundred miles to the east of the actual fighting). This was true up until Midway, when the American carrier forces so devastated the Japanese without ever providing an opportunity for a surface action. After Midway it was clear that the carrier was the key element of power projection, and the Japanese changed their ideas about supporting their remaining carrier forces. Your thoughts about fuel concerns were certainly a factor as the war dragged on, but the assertion that the battleship was obsolete (though largely true) would have made the admiralty cringe. It was not an idea that they could readily accept, or overtly plan with that as the guiding principle. I believe the lead was better as it was. Gunbirddriver (talk) 04:13, 15 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Surface units at Midway were there either as AA escorts (Kongo class ships with Nagumo's carriers), shore bombardment (Kondo's group) or flagship and reserve (main body) to help any of the above if needed and engage in surface action only if there was no danger from the air (either if bad weather prevented air operations, or the US airpower was destroyed). There could be no other employment for them and Yamamoto, himself a former carrier commander knew that very well (as evidenced by his decision to withdraw once Nagumo's carriers were destroyed). The notion that they were kept out of harm's way because they were considered a decisive weapon of naval actions is an assumption often repeated (for instance here http://combinedfleet.com/officers/Isoroku_Yamamoto), but it is plain and simply wrong. It was understood by the top Japanese Naval commanders that the battleship was next to useless as a decisive naval weapon in the world of carriers due to it's shorter hitting range and slow speed - At Tsushima, greater hitting RANGE of Japanese battleships helped them to decisive victory - in 1937 the AIRCRAFT CARRIER, with more advanced and destructive aircraft had that kind of superior RANGE in relation to battleships. They could see the huge allied losses to Naval airpower in 1941 and 1942, all the while those IJN battleships that were committed to surface actions barely found anything to attack (damaged USS Edsall near Indonesia). They were committed to shore bombardment at Guadalcanal only after both carrier fleets exhausted themselves at Coral Sea, Midway, Eastern Solomons and Santa Cruz. Just look at the Japanese battle plan at Marianas - a LONG RANGE air strike at the US fleet. Battleships would be used only in a special case in which both US and Japanese airfleets depleted themselves or weather turned bad. Otherwise - stay behind.  If I were wrong, then the Japanese Marianas battle plan would have been a battleship rush with carrier aircover (that would end in even greater disaster due to Japanese aircraft and pilot inferiority by that time and battleship vulnerability to air attacks). Their use at Leyte Gulf came out of sheer desperation because there were no other means to even theoretically destroy the invasion fleet, and they actually used the long understood (by both sides) fact that carriers are potentially far superior to battleships to lure the US carriers north with their remaining carriers and it mostly worked.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 11:15, 15 June 2011 (UTC)

 * And I think the following passage shows which tye of ship the Japanese trully considered decisive: Just look what types of capital ships they planned to build after 1939. Not a single battleship! And they even converted Shinano to a carrier and Ise class to XCVs.

"In order to maintain parity with United States naval air arm, the Fourth Naval Replenishment Program of FY 1939 authorized the construction of a new fleet carrier named TAIHO. The Third Vinson Plan (i.e. Fleet Expansion Bill) passed in 1940 authorized already three new carriers and in response the Fifth Replenishment Program was hastily drawn up in Japan." http://www.combinedfleet.com/kojinshavolume6.pdf — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 11:28, 15 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I understand what you are saying, but the statement you wrote confers a modern knowledge of carrier warfare to the Japanese High Command from the outset of the war. After Midway it was apparent to the High Command that the carrier was the primary means by which power is projected, and their doctrine changed to match that, but even so not in time for the new doctrine to be implemented at the next major naval engagement, the Battle of the Eastern Solomons.  We need to be careful to avoid filling the the text with our own opinions.  As we are unlikely to agree at this point, we should revert to the earlier wording, and we can each then go about providing supporting references, changing the wording once a clear, supportable statement can be made.  I will revert it for now. Gunbirddriver (talk) 01:01, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Well, everything ever stated is somebody's opinion. The problematic sentence tries to interpret what the Japanese naval staff thought at the time. Unless it's a direct quote from a prominent staff member it is a speculation (and even then he might lie and insert postwar wisdom). But this is supposed to be an encyclopedia and it needs to say what makes the most sense. Forget my interpretations of battleship employment in battles since it indeed might be biased, but the ship orders are not and 1939 is 3 years before Midway. Cancellation of Design A-150 battleship quoting: "With war on the horizon in early 1941, all design work was diverted from battleships" clearly shows that the Japanese understood that the Battleship is no longer a decisive weapon. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:28, 16 June 2011 (UTC)
 * You are wrong about this, and the references you point to show that is the case. I do not have time right now to go through all this with you, but I will do so.  It is possible that some part of your statement would be worth including, but my guess would be that it would be better placed in the body of the work.  The other point that should be starting to arise is the practice of changing the text when the issue is not clearly supported by the evidence.  You should refrain from changing the text from what is already present when the change has been subjected to a valid challenge.  At this point you should be looking for the references that support your opinion, and only changing the text when you can provide in line citations that support this new wording.  It might also be a good idea to present them here in the discussion so all can review them prior to changing the body of the text.   Gunbirddriver (talk) 03:46, 18 June 2011 (UTC)

The following are a number of different sources that essentially speak of the gradual realization by naval commanders that the war would be a carrier dominated war. This was true for the commands of both the United States and Japan, but the point was brought home harshly to the USN at Pearl Harbor, and to Japan six months later at Midway.

from

"... however, it was not until December 1941 when the Prince of Wales and the Repulse were sunk by Japanese aircraft in the South China Sea and the American battlefleet was severely damaged at Pearl Harbor that the importance of the battleship was seriously questioned." p. 3

"In June of 1942, after the loss of four fleet carriers in the Battle of Midway, the Japanese decided to convert warship #110 to an aircraft carrier to be named Shinano. " p. 78

"The Fifth Fleet Replenishment Program: Five more capital ships were projected by this program - three battleships and two battlecruisers." p. 84

"The last two ships projected in the 1942 program, Warships No. 798 and 799, were to have been battleships of a new design armed with 510mm/45 caliber guns. This was consistent with the Japanese policy of individual superiority, since the Japanese expected the United States would learn the actual armament of the Yamato-class ships when they became operational." p. 85

---

from :

"During the 1930's more senior naval officers began advocating a larger role for carriers. They envisaged carrier aircraft forming the first line of the fleet's defense and dominating its offensive operations, with battleships and auxiliary warships operating in support of the carriers.  Over the course of the six years of World War II, their vision became reality as aircraft carriers supplanted battleships, becoming the new capital ship of the world's fleet." p. 67

"Unlike the Imperial Japanese Navy, the United States Navy made major efforts to increase the numbers of its pilots and establish training programs that would meet the requirements of a major war well before the conflict came." p. 94

---

from :

"Thus, the Japanese believed that bringing greater fire power to bear at decisive ranges they would be able to defeat more numerous opponents. The seeds of this dogma had already been planted during the Navy's formative years, as the Japanese naturally adopted the policies of their mentors, the Royal Navy, which advocated an aggressive attitude toward naval engagements.  But Tsushima cemented the notion that that big guns were the final arbiter of any naval encounter, a belief further reinforced by the clash of heavily armed battle lines at Jutland." p. 404

If you wish to discuss it further you are welcome to comment on my talk page. Gunbirddriver (talk) 00:25, 19 June 2011 (UTC)

 * It strikes me that you (<IP_ADDRESS>) are operating under the assumption that Japanese carrier task force groups operated much as the USN operated their carrier task force groups, and that the carrier was placed in a defensive center position, with the surrounding ships adding their guns to the defensive firepower of the group. This is a common misconception, and is addressed in Shattered Sword by Pashall and Tully, who did a great deal of work looking at Japanese carrier doctrine and operational procedures in their work on the battle of Midway.  They state:
 * "It should be noted, too, that contrary to some Midway accounts that describe the Japanese escorts as being in a ring around the carriers, this is not strictly correct. At this point in the war, the concept of a tight ring formation optimized for antiaircraft screening, (i.e. the active defense, via combined gun power, of a capital ship), was unknown to the Japanese.  While the U.S. and the Royal Navy were already using such defensive alignments, ring formations did not appear in Japanese doctrine until mid-1943.  During the course of 4 June, those destroyers that were not assigned as plane guards were pushed out to the extreme perimeter of the formation to act as air-raid warning pickets.  Thus, while the formation might have appeared as a ring from the air, the escorts on the perimeter were there for different purposes than an American ring formation and were much farther out from the high-value assets."    (Shattered Sword  p. 138)
 * Parshall and Tully based their comments on the Japanese Mobile Force Tactics, p. 15 issued by the Yokosuka Kokutai in August 1943.   It matches with the photos we see of the Japanese carriers at Midway, performing violent evasive maneuvers, seemingly alone in the ocean.
 * As to the more central question of the Japanese understanding of the usefulness of battleships as weapons at the start of the conflict, it is directly addressed by the same two authors in their review of the impact that the battle of Midway had on Japanese naval doctrine, as follows:
 * The battle plan for the carrier fleet was changed drastically as well. Much like the agonizing reappraisal that the U.S. Navy had undergone in the aftermath of Pearl Harbor, the Imperial Navy now grappled with the doctrinal consequences of its own calamity.  Combined Fleet for the first time now explicitly recognized that the aircraft carrier was "the center, the main objective, of the Decisive Air Battle; surface forces will cooperate with them."  The battle squadrons of the navy were subordinated to the purposes of the carriers - a radical shift in attitude.  Given its earlier triumphs, of course, it is ironic that the Imperial Navy had taken six months longer than its opponents to come to this conclusion.  But from now on, battleships and other screening units were to be directly incorporated into the carrier fleet, and would steam with them to the anticipated battle.  (Shattered Sword  p. 392)
 * This was supported by their review of the Senshi Sōsho, the official Japanese war history documents, whose many volumes were published between 1966 and 1970, all in Japanese. Only recently have these volumes begun to be translated into English.
 * Now, as to the actual use that the Japanese Navy made of the Nagato, and whether or not the Naval command considered her obsolete at the outset of hostilities, those are two different questions. To answer them we should know how the IJN used its naval assets, and in particular what they did with the Nagato.   There were great operational differences between the US Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy.  Much to the surprise of the Japanese, who thought the vast distances of the Pacific Ocean would act as a defensive barrier, the US Navy kept its fleet at sea and on station for extended periods of time.  It was able to do this through the use of forward bases that it built through the course of the war (Majuro, Kwajalein, Enewetak, Ulithi) and squadrons of resupply ships that we constantly convoying back and forth from the forward base and the fleet.  The Japanese had no such capabilities, and as such their fleet would remain in port, conduct training runs and than sortie in force when an operation was scheduled or a threat appeared.  As to the Nagato specifically, we had best refer to the Tabular Record of Movement (TROM) for the ship in question.  I have reviewed it, and clearly the Japanese did not intend to keep the ship cooped up in port, as it was the flagship of the Pearl Harbor attack force, and was also present in the main body at the Battle of Midway.  The next two years the Japanese waited for the opportunity of a decisive battle to present itself, and the ship was stationed either at the naval base at Truk or the base at Lingga, until the fleet sortied again for the disastrous Battle of the Philippine Sea and then again four months later at the desperate Battle of Leyte Gulf, which spelled an end to the Japanese Navy as an effective fighting force. Gunbirddriver (talk) 06:16, 20 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Japanese battleships were not held back because they were obsolescent or because they used too much fuel. They were held back because the strategic aim was to use them for a decisive surface battle. Binksternet (talk) 07:30, 22 June 2011 (UTC)

 * I see no reason to take your word for it, additionally you are wrong. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:42, 30 June 2011 (UTC)
 * You do not have to take any one person's opinion, even the opinion of an editor with a great deal of experience such as Binksternet, but you are expected to provide citations that support your opinion. For example, here is a citation that supports Binksternet's assertion:
 * From: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/japan/ijn.htm
 * Japan developed the concept of “Kantai Kessen” (decisive fleet battle). Kantai Kessen assumed that any war with the United States would be primarily a naval war. Therefore, Japan wanted the fight to be near the Japanese home islands. Japanese naval planning had called for the destruction of American naval strength in a climactic gun duel between battleships - a belief firmly embraced by the other major navies of the day. As technological advances increased the operating range of submarines and aircraft, the operational theater for the interception-attrition operations and the decisive battle had moved eastward, further from Japanese home waters.Throughout the 1920s the Japanese expected the decisive battle to occur near the Ryukyu Islands. By 1940 the Japanese were planning for the decisive battle to be fought in the Marshall Islands. Japan’s traditional defensive strategy was to keep the Combined Fleet in home waters, waiting to attack the US Pacific Fleet as it sailed into the Western Pacific to liberate the Philippines. The Pacific Fleet had to be destroyed in a decisive fleet engagement to force the Americans to negotiate for peace with Japan.

 * The Japanese strategy of waiting to commit their forces in a decisive battle is broadly known. Wikipedia even has an article on it here: Kantai Kessen.

 * The rule of thumb is support the writing you do with supporting references, such as books, articles or other reliable sources. This is especially true if you are asserting something contrary to what has already been placed into wikipedia, and even more so if someone is challenging the validity of the claim.Gunbirddriver (talk) 23:18, 1 July 2011 (UTC)

 * I already stated that I already came across that silly assumption on several places and myself provided one reference but IT IS WRONG - when you look at the manner the Japanese actually used their fleet in war - theory is one thing, practice is something else.

 * So the best thing is to erase the speculative content and write about it if you wish on a page about the Japanese naval staff or strategy in WW2 for instance because that is where it belongs.

 * Oh and by the way that was anything but the Japanese naval strategy in WW2 (and that is what we are discussing here). They knew that they were in disadvantage in numbers (later formalised in the naval treaties with 5:5:3 ratio in capital ships), so the important part of the plan was wearing down the US fleet sailing for Philippines per Plan Orange with submarines, night torpedo attacks and most significantly naval air attacks. BUT THOSE ARE ALL OLD PRE-WAR PLANS, and as Clausewitz said - no plan survives the first contact with the enemy. Besides the manner in which Yamamoto used the first mobile fleet clearly shows that he grasped the importance of aircraft carrier even before the war. He kept the slow bbs (Nagato included) in port because they would contribute little to a carrier battlegroup's realised firepower while slowing the group and depleting the fuel stocks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:46, 2 July 2011 (UTC)

Diving hiatus?
What is with the last sentences? It says it is one of the most popular diving sites, and then that "diving resumed after a hiatus...". Perhaps some mention of what hiatus, when it started, and why would help make this statement more relevant?.45Colt 19:57, 16 March 2014 (UTC)
 * The link has all the relevant info, but I've deleted all mention of the hiatus as it doesn't seem very important.--Sturmvogel 66 (talk) 21:41, 16 March 2014 (UTC)

Spelling
This article used to be in British English ("armour", "defence") but now seems to be in USEnglish. Why was it changed? --MarchOrDie (talk) 11:00, 5 December 2018 (UTC)

 * I will agree that an article started by British or American editors should remain in British or American style as originated and not be changed without consensus. Considering British influence on Japanese naval design, here I would support keeping a British tone. -- Naaman Brown (talk) 03:47, 8 December 2018 (UTC)
 * The changes have been piecemeal over quite a period but there was a bit of an orgy of ENGVAR-ignoring editing by the mercifully-shortlived editor <IP_ADDRESS> on 30 August 2012, dealing with date format and the spelling of armo[u]r. I hate this sort of thing – in either direction – and would support a move back to BrE but not without consensus here.
 * I have not carried out a massive forensic investigation but the history is patchy – AmE date format was used when the article was first established on 11/09/2004 but on 26/10 2004 the word "armour" was first used, spelt thus; on 14/12/2004 "defence' was first used, spelt thus ... and so on. So it depends how you go with the whole ENGVAR thing really, and there is something compelling to me about 's point on the Japanese navy (that is, if you say "Japanese warships" to me I'd often think of Tyneside!) So, as these things often are it's a bit of a mess and open to interpretation. One of my motivations in wanting to push it back to BrE is just on principle, to resist the creeping undermining of ENGVAR which is just sh*t when it is done from either side of the Atlantic. But no-one will die if it does not change, and as I have tried to explain elsewhere over the word "tyre", it is unlikely that anyone will fail to understand the word "armor" which does look quite similar to one that we know in BrE! So we could change it or leave it and either way it will not, really and honestly, affect the price of fish. Best wishes to all DBaK (talk) 11:29, 8 December 2018 (UTC)
 * PS to be fair, I suppose an additional argument that could be made for the status quo could concern the possibility that this is more about US history than that of the UK; that is, that although there were certainly other Allied forces involved in the Pacific theatre, it sounds like (and yes I am no expert) the US were the leaders here. This gives both a historical angle on the appropriateness of AmE or BrE here, as well as the practical angle that it has been worked on, I imagine, by far more AmE editors over the years. This still doesn't mean that I think that stealth changes in defiance of Engvar are in any way right, or that the IP's changes were anything less than idiotic and perhaps dishonest ... just that it's maybe a case for letting sleeping dogs lie. And that, I think, is me done on this topic unless something really crucial comes up! Cheers DBaK (talk) 10:29, 9 December 2018 (UTC)

Operation Crossroads
The battleships expended as nuclear targets in Operation Crossroads (Arkansas, New York, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Nagato) were the only surviving combat battleships of their classes. Arkansas' sister (Wyoming) had been repurposed as a gunnery experimental ship. New York's sister (Texas) had been retired as a war ememorial. The sisters of Nevada and Pennsylvania (Oklahoma and Arizona) were the permanent battleship loses in the Pearl Harbor attack. Nagato's sister (Mutsu) had accidentally exploded in harbor. As the orphan survivors of their classes, they were expendable. But the battleship fleet at Operation crossroads was the third largest battleship fleet in the world at that time, which I found interesting. --Naaman Brown (talk) 03:47, 8 December 2018 (UTC)

Bombed out
I added this photo to Commons recently. Someone just told me that it's the Nagato. . Can anyone confirm that, and if it is, should the pic be used in the article? -- GravityIsForSuckers (talk) 19:54, 27 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Japanese battleship Nagato


text:
Fábrica de Arte Cubano

La Fábrica de Arte Cubano (known locally as La Fábrica de Arte or F.A.C) is an art gallery and club in Havana, Cuba. The Fábrica's gallery and stage were established inside of a former cooking oil factory, and has since gained notoriety as one of Havana's premier nightclubs and art galas. Several news outlets have described the factory as a symbol of Cuba's accelerating opening to the world.

History
The structure housing La Fábrica de Arte was built in 1910 as a cooking oil factory. In 2008 a group of Cuban artists and musicians began to look for a centralized location in which art could be shown, leading to the group acquiring the closed factory in 2010. The current location opened in February 2014. It has been noted that the establishment attracts young Cubans and foreign nationals.

title: Fábrica de Arte Cubano


text:
1988 Colgate Red Raiders football team

The 1988 Colgate Red Raiders football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University during the 1988 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Colgate tied for third in the Colonial League.

In its first season under head coach Michael Foley, the team compiled a 2–9 record. Mike Cote and Matt Jaworski were the team captains.

The Red Raiders were outscored 271 to 169. Their 2–3 conference record placed Colgate in a three-way tie for third (and for next-to-last) in the six-team Colonial League standings.

The team played its home games at Andy Kerr Stadium in Hamilton, New York.

title: 1988 Colgate Red Raiders football team


text:
Template talk:Valentine Greetings

What Wikipedia is not
Just wanted to remind NOTSOCIALNETWORK. --Jan.Kamenicek (talk) 20:48, 16 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the reminder. But this is just another ♥ and a template for ♥.. - T H - the fury of nature given flesh 07:44, 17 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Valentine Greetings


text:
Russian Revolution/Further Reading

The Romanov Family

 * Bergamini, John D. The Tragic Dynasty: A History of the Romanovs. Putnam, 1969.
 * Van der Kiste, John. The Romanovs, 1818-1959: Alexander II of Russia and His Family. Sutton Publishing, 1998.
 * Lincoln, Bruce. "The Romanovs".
 * Lincoln, Bruce. "Nicholas I: Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias".
 * Massie, Robert K. "Peter The Great".
 * Massie, Robert K. "Nicholas and Alexandra".
 * Troyat, Henri "Catherine the Great".
 * Troyat, Henri "Alexander I".
 * Radzinsky, Edvard "Alexander II: The Last Great Tsar".
 * Radzinsky, Edvard "The life and death of Nicholas II".

title: Russian Revolution/Further Reading


text:
User:2601:98A:4180:5D28:C428:E51C:A4B:2CB/Evaluate an Article

The article I evaluated is regarding a list of different academic fields in existence. The article was pretty straightforward and had a list of all the disciplines in the education fields, with detailed articles linked to each field for further reference and information. The article, however, is cited with sources that are from the early 2000s which shows that the information is somewhat outdated and needs to be updated with new and upcoming academic fields in today's world. They should also expand a bit more on how these academic fields and classified and and clustered under one department. In this way the reader would understand the authenticity of the information given and the process that went behind formulating it. The article seems to be neutral as there are no biased claims about the information being provided. Their opinion about there not being a proper way of classifying these fields is a bit over-presented in the article. Most of the citation links seem to be working. It is tough to find the specific references made in the article because most of the references came from books that need to be bought by viewers. They have also cited references to statistics formulated by the US government regarding classification of academic fields.

The chat page mostly consists of discussions regarding the update required in reference links, how there are other wiki articles based on the same topic and could be merged together and conflict of opinions regarding the difference between academic field of study and discipline. The article is rated list-class according to project quality scale. It is a part of/among the list articles in WikiProject.


text:
meramente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) purely, merely

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) merely nothing more than

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) merely, simply
 * 2) purely

title: meramente


text:
If It Wasn't for You

If It Wasn't for You is the debut studio album by American country music singer and songwriter Caylee Hammack. It was released on August 14, 2020, through Capitol Nashville. Hammack co-wrote all the songs and co-produced the album with Mikey Reaves and Connor Thuotte.

title: If It Wasn't for You


text:
User:Bianca-Nf-CH/Sample page

= Martin Panchaud = Martin Panchaud (*born 1982 in Geneva) is a Swiss comics artist currently living in Zurich.

Personal and Professional Life
As a graphic designer, author and illustrator, he has published several comic strips, narrative formats and computer graphics works. His style is characterized by infographic representation.

Panchaud's dyslexia has been an obstacle that shaped him, especially during his academic years. This prompted him to focus on reading, as well as on the interpretation of forms, figures and their meaning. All of which has led to his very own personal style and creativity in storytelling [1].

In 2016, he released SWANH.NET [2], a 123-meter-long illustrated adaptation of Star Wars Episode IV, for which he received appraisal and recognition in various cultural establishments throughout Europe (Barbican Centre in London, Onassis Stegi Cultural Centre Athens, etc.) [3].

In 2020, he published his first graphic novel, titled “The Colour of Things '' (original title in German: “Die Farbe der Dinge”) at Editions Moderne publishing house.

THE COLOUR OF THINGS
The Colour of Things is a tragicomedy and a detective novel[4] and at the same time, Panchaud's first graphic novel, published by the Swiss comics and graphic novels publisher Editions Moderne. The 224-pages story of 14-year-old Simon is told, who grows up in a challenging home environment, is teased by his neighbourhood friends because of him being overweight, and is used for their ‘business’. Thanks to the tip of a fortune teller, he is supposed to bet on a specific horse in the upcoming horse race and win the main prize. Simon collects his small change for the bet and secretly takes his father's as well. Simon does win the main prize, consisting of 16 million pounds, but cannot collect the money because he is still underage. When he goes home to get a signature from his parents so he could collect his prize, his beaten up, unconscious mother is being cared for by the ambulance, and there is no trace whatsoever of his father. So Simon is left completely on his own, but later gets help from an old friend of his mother's, in his quest to find his father [5].

"The colour of things", the highlight of this comic, tells his story through the means of computer graphics. The characters are drawn in an extremely abstract way. In combination with a strong text, however, the coloured circles depicting the characters, gain a depth that is as astonishing as it is touching"[6].

"It's amazing how limitation promotes creativity: one complements the 'real' events while reading and experiences how strict graphics can convey something so touching"[7].

"In this manner, Panchaud approaches the principle of narrative as a comic-strip narrator, challenging our imagination to form its own picture of the characters in the story. His work is not as radical an experiment in drawing as Simmons' at the time, but an intelligent and yet entertaining mapping of the territory of comics. “The Colour of Things” considerably expands its boundaries"[8].

Awards and Prizes
His works have received various prizes and awards.

 * Winner of the Graphic Design Competition of the French Consulate General in Geneva, Switzerland, 2007
 * Aid for Creation Grant awarded by the City of Geneva, Switzerland, 2011
 * Young Comic Art Award by the canton of Geneva, 2012
 * Artistic residence, Cité Internationale des Arts, Paris, 2013
 * Berthoud, Lissignol-Chevalier et Galland Scholarships, City of Geneva, 2014
 * International KANTAR "Information is beautiful Awards" - SILVER, 2016
 * Comics Scholarship of Swiss-German Cities - Sponsorship Award, 2018
 * Literature promotion of the canton of Zurich, 2018
 * Max and Moritz Prize Nomination, 2020

Weblinks

 * https://martinpanchaud.ch/about-contact/
 * https://www.editionmoderne.ch/de/68/autoren/171/martin-panchaud.html
 * https://www.starwars.com/news/anhinfographic

title: User:Bianca-Nf-CH/Sample page


text:
Firuzi, Razavi Khorasan

Firuzi (, also Romanized as Fīrūzī) is a village in Fazl Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 31, in 10 families.

title: Firuzi, Razavi Khorasan


text:
Latin/L3 Word List

This is a list of Latin words learned by the end of Lesson 3.

First Conjugation
Return to Lesson 3 - Introduction to Verbs

title: Latin/L3 Word List


text:
Maria Tranchina

Maria Tranchina (born 10 February 1968) is a former Italian female shot putter and hammer thrower, later became masters athlete. She won two gold medals at the 2007 World Masters Championships held in Riccione.

Biography
She has won three national championships at senior level. Her personal best 17.04 m, set in 1995, ranked in the top 60 on the IAAF indoor world lists at the end of the season.

Achievements

 * Masters

Personal bests

 * Shot put: 17.04 m (🇮🇹 Schio, 16 February 1995)
 * Hammer throw: 61.41 m (🇮🇹 Formia, 17 May 1998)

National titles

 * Italian Athletics Championships
 * shot put: 1995
 * hammer throw: 1997
 * Italian Winter Throwing Championships
 * hammer throw: 1996

title: Maria Tranchina


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aaron Gregory

The result was delete. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 19:23, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

Aaron Gregory

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Unnotable - very little coverage on the individual - though perhaps the company is borderline notable. Simply involved in starting a website. Also likely an autobiography ‡ Єl Cid of ᐺalencia  ᐐT₳LKᐬ  01:15, 20 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete a non-notable businessman.John Pack Lambert (talk) 03:32, 20 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of United Kingdom-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 04:31, 20 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Internet-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 04:31, 20 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete. borderline promotional, focuses so much on the company with little about the person. Α Guy into Books ™  § ( Message ) -  12:52, 20 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete clear WP:COI with editor Saptrix written as WP:PROMO and does not meet WP:BIO.--EC Racing (talk) 21:10, 20 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
User:Ratio Essendi

Hi,

This is my very first input text in this wonderfull information and knowledge source that is Wikipedia, so, please, bare with this newbie as he gets accustomed, will you? For a really long time have I been using this true marvel, and since it has always proven to be a priceless mutlimedia tool, I've decided to become a Wikipedian myself, so I can have the chance of giving back some of the help and support this website gave me for, literally, countless times.

Thus, after this tiny presentation/justification, I just wish to thank every single one responsible for creating Wikipedia Org, and, of course, all of those that also help this true wonder be the best information source on the Internet.

Keep the good work,

Cheers

title: User:Ratio Essendi


text:
Talk:Oak Tree National

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Oak Tree National. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20041107153748/http://www.golfdigest.com:80/newsandtour/index.ssf?/newsandtour/gw20040827bunker.html to http://www.golfdigest.com/newsandtour/index.ssf?/newsandtour/gw20040827bunker.html

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 03:45, 17 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Oak Tree National


text:
Talk:Diana Abu-Jaber

Notable?
This article does not demonstrate notability through reliable third party sources, and as such is subject to deletion. Aboutmovies 20:44, 7 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Eek! Abu-Jaber is considered one of the most important figures in Arab American Literature -- the first "big" Arab American author... I'll find some sources.... Aristophanes68 (talk) 02:44, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Done.... Is that enough material to keep her safe? Aristophanes68 (talk) 03:03, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Diana Abu-Jaber. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added tag to http://www.theotherwomananthology.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061006032543/http://arabworld.nitle.org/texts.php?module_id=7 to http://arabworld.nitle.org/texts.php?module_id=7
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080517144123/http://www.english.pdx.edu/faculty/abu-jaber_d.php to http://www.english.pdx.edu/faculty/abu-jaber_d.php

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:37, 16 January 2018 (UTC)

Broken link
The 3rd reference in the article, to Diana's profile, is broken. The new profile, https://www.pdx.edu/profile/diana-abu-jaber, does not contain the information referenced about her academic background. A new reference is needed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by VAbikecommuter (talk • contribs) 17:46, 30 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Diana Abu-Jaber


text:
incrostare

Verb

 * 1)  to cover with a crust
 * 2)  to form a crust, to crust over
 * 3)  to encrust
 * 4)  to encrust

title: incrostare


text:
Indian Camp Run (Brokenstraw Creek tributary)

Indian Camp Run is a 2.70 mi long 1st order tributary to Brokenstraw Creek. It is classed as a cold water fishery by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission.

Course
Indian Camp Run rises in Warren County, Pennsylvania about 3 miles southeast of Matthews Run, Pennsylvania and flows south to meet Brokenstraw Creek at Youngsville.

Watershed
Indian Camp Run drains 2.44 sqmi of the Pennsylvania High Plateau province and is underlaid by the Venango Formation and the Corry Sandstone through Riceville Formation. The watershed receives an average of 44.5 in/year of precipitation and has a wetness index of 335.39. The watershed is about 78% forested.


text:
Cowdrey House

The Cowdrey House is a historic house at 1 Valley Street in Yellville, Arkansas. It is a $2 1/2$-story wood-frame structure, with asymmetrical massing and a pyramidally-roofed turret typical of the Queen Anne style. Built in 1904, the house is particularly notable for its interior woodwork, which was made in Memphis, Tennessee and transported to Yellville for installation. It was built by J. S. Cowdrey, whose family were early settlers of the area and were involved in many local businesses. The Cowdreys hosted future President of the United States Herbert Hoover in 1927.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

title: Cowdrey House


text:
List of IOMMU-supporting hardware

This article contains a list of virtualization-capable IOMMU-supporting hardware.

Intel based
List of Intel and Intel-based hardware that supports VT-d (Intel Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O).

Server
The vast majority of Intel server chips of the Xeon E3, Xeon E5, and Xeon E7 product lines support VT-d.

The first—and least powerful—Xeon to support VT-d was the E5502 launched Q1'09 with two cores at 1.86 GHz on a 45 nm process. Many or most Xeons subsequent to this support VT-d.

See Advanced Search: feature=VT-d and segment=server for the full list.

Desktop

 * VT-d on i7 3930K and i7 3960X only works on C2 stepping.

Asus
(1) 48 GB with CPU as xeon x5680 and 8GB DIMMs

Chipset

 * Intel Z490
 * Intel Z370
 * Intel Z170
 * Intel X99
 * Intel X79
 * Intel Q170
 * Intel Q150
 * Intel Q87
 * Intel Q77
 * Intel Q67
 * Intel Q45
 * Intel P55
 * Intel Q35, X38, X48 Q45
 * Intel HM87, QM87, HM86, C222, X99, C612, C226

AMD based
List of AMD and AMD-based hardware that supports IOMMU. AMD's implementation of IOMMU is also known as AMD-Vi. Please note that just because a motherboard uses a chipset that supports IOMMU does not mean it is able to and the bios must have an ACPI IVRS table to enable the use of it. At least one Asus board is known to have faulty BIOSes with corrupt ACPI IVRS tables; for such cases, under Linux, it is possible to specify custom mappings to override the faulty and/or missing BIOS-provided ones through the use of the ivrs_ioapic and ivrs_hpet kernel parameters.

CPUs
List of AMD-Vi and AMD-RVI capable AMD CPUs. All Ryzen processors so far (1xxx-7xxx) support it.

Server
Dell Poweredge 710 (4 x pcie 8-way sockets. Needs end opening for 16-way cards). Successfully set up libvirt qemu with Nvidia 1650 for gaming and Nvidia 720 for Kodi running two VMs simultaneously. 7.1 HDMI passthrough and 2160p.
 * AMD Opteron (3000, 4000 and 6000 series at least)
 * AMD EPYC Series of Products

Chipset

 * AMD X570
 * AMD X470
 * AMD X370
 * AMD B350
 * AMD 890FX
 * AMD 9-series
 * AMD A55, A75, A85, A88X
 * SR5650/SR5670/SR5690

Tested graphics card
List of GPUs tested on some VirtualMachine with IOMMU.
 * qemu-kvm can't assign VGA and other PCI device at same time, due to SeaBIOS limitations (fixed on git).

AMD
Note: Newer AMD cards no longer have FLR bug as of 2021. This bug required a host reboot when GPU is in undefined state. https://github.com/gnif/vendor-reset

title: List of IOMMU-supporting hardware


text:
Category:Unaccredited Christian universities and colleges

This is a sub-category of Category:Christian universities and colleges and Category:Unaccredited institutions of higher learning. The following category is for unaccredited Christian universities and colleges.


text:
Portal talk:Portuguese

WikiBooks duplicated idea
Please make sure and take advantage of the resources available at Wikibooks: Portuguese. No need to reinvent the wheel here at Wikiversity. The Jade Knight 02:56, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes. Also some discussion on here already about the fact that wikibooks has accidentally sprouted two different books for the same thing (three if you count the separate european portuguese section) ...and now I see there's two different courses here on wikiversity achieving about the same level of half-finished-ness.  *sigh*.   We don't seem to be very good at collaborating.  Just starting new Portuguese courses! -- Harry Wood (talk) 15:27, 7 September 2012 (UTC)

title: Portal talk:Portuguese


text:
Pneumothorax

A condition in which air enters the pleural cavity, either from the respiratory passages or alveoli and through the visceral pleura  for example by rupture of a bleb or a bullus after a cough or spontanteously, or through the chest wall in association with chest trauma. (MVA, stabbing, shooting etc).

Diagnosis -  spontaneous pneumothorax  ie one not associated with trauma. it has been divided in the past into primary and secondary, with only the latter being considered due to lung disease, but there may well be no true primary cases. Some young adults may have no obvious chest disease even after investigation but one suspects most of these would have more than one bleb or bullum on the lungs, and most are smokers. The patient may have no symptoms but usually has some dyspnoea (shortness of breath) and may have pleuritic chest pain, (chest wall pain on breathing or coughing. The patient is usually a smoker and usually suffers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pneumothorax is usually small and apical. It is suspected by the sudden onset, usually during activity such as vigorous coughing, vomiting, sport etc and confirmed either by physical examination (decreased respiratory incursion on one side,  possibly decreased breath sounds especially at the apex on that side, and slight mediastinal deviation to the other side) or by radiology - always required.  A film taken up-right in both inspiration and expiration will usually show partial collapse of the lung with a peripheral air shadow outside the pleural line.  An additional film taken with the patient lying on the "normal" side may be necessary in some cases. Traumatic pneumothorax is diagnosed similarly except that the diagnosis is usually more obvious from the nature of the trauma. Tension pneumothorax (as to which see) must be diagnosed and treated very urgently if suspected. Traumatic pneumothorax  requires treatment of the trauma in addition to that directed to the pneumothorax as above. Flail chest (a whole part of the chest moving paradoxically with respiration due to multiple rib fractures with two along each rib) is usually accompanied by pneumothorax but the flail chest dominates the assessment and treatment of that dreaded condition.

Treatment is not always required but aspiration or thoracostomy usually through an upper intercostal space is indicated if there is marked dyspnoea and a small pneumothorax, or if the pneumothorax is large - say if a third or more of the half-chest is air. Simple aspiration is required but referral to an appropriate specialist must follow as the cause of the underlying chest condition (very occasionally none is found) must be elucidated and proper treatment initiated.

The main "complication" of spontaneous pneumothorax is recurrence - perhaps 50% get a second or later episode, often quite quickly. For that reason some centres call in a thoracoscopist routinely to offer thoracic inspection, which usually reveals more blebs or bulli. Air may enter tissues for example in the mediastinum or the neck or upper chest in either form of pneumothorax. ("Tissue emphysema") Many centres still use an underwater drain after aspiration of any but the smallest "spontaneous" pneumothorax, mainly to prevent very early recurrence. The drain can be taken out as soon as the bubbles stop. DrRic 21:12, 25 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Pneumothorax


text:
Billal Bennama

Billal Bennama (born 14 June 1998) is a French boxer.

He won a medal at the 2019 AIBA World Boxing Championships.

Born in France, he is of Algerian descent.

title: Billal Bennama


text:
Talk:Diarmuid Wilson

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Diarmuid Wilson. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091129180728/http://www.fiannafail.ie/people/diarmuid-wilson/ to http://www.fiannafail.ie/people/diarmuid-wilson

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 03:46, 2 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Diarmuid Wilson


text:
Exploring science through fiction

Welcome to Exploring science through fiction.

This learning project uses science fiction to introduce and explore topics in physics, biology, computer science and sociology.

Reading
Ordered by date of addition, recent changes go first:

The celestial plot, by Adolfo Bioy Casares. It is a short story about multiple universes, 10 years before the scientific theory. A soldier travels to an alternate present.

The Garden of Forking Paths, by Jorge Luis Borges. It is a short story about parallel universes too, with a symbolic labyrinth.

Paths to Otherwhere by James Hogan - the Many-worlds interpretation and quantum theory. If there are "parallel universes", how would we ever know?

Stephen Baxter's Manifold Trilogy) - do stellar gamma-ray generating events seriously impact the evolution of biological organisms?

Marvin Minsky's The Turing Option - artificial intelligence as compared to biological intelligence. Will it ever be possible to "download" a human mind into a man-made computer?

Assignment Nor'Dyren by Sydney J. Van Scyoc - introduction to genetic and social engineering. Would it be possible to use genetic engineering to create an optimal social structure?

The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams. A common theme of science fiction is speculation about the ultimate effects of technology on human existence. Some authors have imagined that all technological discoveries and changes will be accomplished in the distant future while others have suggested that technological change is a fundamentally exponential process that will culminate in the relatively near future (Technological singularity). Many such speculations involve a role for intelligent devices that might be able to catalyze technological change at a very rapid pace. Douglas Adams turned such speculations on their head and wrote about computing deices of the future that reveal the ultimate truth of the universe to be an absurdity. Why is it natural for people to imagine that there are fundamental questions about the universe that we should be able to answer using technology? See:The Question.

Greg Egan's Oceanic, etc, freely on-line at.

Projects
Projects devoted to using fiction writing as a tool to explore science.

AI in fiction
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a common topic found in science fiction. Although, in reality, we are very far from attaining true AI, fiction tells stories about conscious robots, cyborgs and different artificial intelligence entities. Currently, the state-of-the-art of AI has achieved some goals:

Current AI (feel free to correct/add)

 * Text to speech technologies: it is the ability of a computer to pronounce a text with proper intonation and punctuation. It is famous the text-to-speech engine by Microsoft, L&H speaking engines (seen in Power Translator Delux 1.0 and then sold to Microsoft, for Encarta) and Loquendo software. Loquendo software is very advanced; it possesses many voices and most of them are very understandable for humans.
 * Writing spoken language: the counterpart of TTS technology. It is the ability to "understand" what humans say and write it in a text file. Dragon Naturally Speaking is a famous program who can do that. The user only has to train it once, for a few hours and then the program is ready to write what it hears. The software is built on an artificial neural network, so it learns and improves, according to the user. The newest version has support for many users.
 * Chess: in 1997 Deepblue AI, by IBM, won Grand Master Kasparov, from Russia, one of the best chess players in the world, with an ELO above 2800.
 * Industry robots: current technology allows robots to build cars and many automated tasks in the industry.
 * Humanoid robots: Japan is leading this technology and has made a baby robot and several male and female robots who can engage in a conversation and move their muscles, like humans. Obviously, they still lack conscience.
 * Mathematical demonstration software: there has been software which has been able to demonstrate theorems that humans could not.
 * Expert systems:

Fiction AI

 * Understanding of natural language is completely achieved. See the robots series by Isaac Asimov, like Robots and Empire and Foundation series.
 * Universal computer AI: The Last Question is a short story showing the advance in computers, particularly in the AI field, until the building of a universal computer which can be thought as God.

Getting outside the box
One of the exciting aspects of science is the seemingly endless parade of "revolutionary discoveries". "New ideas" can become part of the scientific world view and open up entire new domains of science. Two examples of revolutionary discoveries are the idea of radioactive decay and plate tectonics. In contrast to such successful new scientific ideas, some "old ideas" seem to endlessly resist the methods of science. For example, ideas about the possibility of "psychic" and "supernatural" phenomena have existed in many cultures for thousands of years. As discussed in the Wikipedia article Science fiction and fantasy, science fiction generally avoids topics such as the "supernatural" while fantasy stories are more likely to incorporate supernatural elements. However, since new elements of science continue to be discovered, how do we know where to draw the boundary between science fiction and fantasy? If "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic," how do we know that science will not some day include explanations for "psychic" and "supernatural" phenomena? Are some ideas such as time travel always going to remain outside of the domain of science? Are scientists too constrained by preconceptions about what is and is not possible? Does current scientific thinking and beliefs about what is not possible unreasonably constrain scientific investigations of the world? Can fiction play a useful role in stimulating scientists to "think outside the box"? Has fiction played a useful role in promoting technological advances and scientific discovery in areas such as space exploration? See Science Fiction Challenge, a learning project for exploring the nature and boundaries of science through science fiction writing.

Related resources

 * Fiction writing support group
 * Portal:Writing Center
 * How Life could Evolve in a Red Dwarf Star System
 * Aurelia and Blue Moon
 * The Near Death Experience as Possible Evidence for any Afterlife

External resources

 * Paul Brians - teaching resources
 * Center for the Study of Science Fiction at the University of Kansas
 * Online course with James Gunn
 * William Warner - English 192, Science Fiction
 * Early history of SF courses
 * Science & The Imagination Syllabus Honors Course at Oral Roberts University

title: Exploring science through fiction


text:
Talk:Belber

plagiarism and puffery
Much of the article matches copy on the company's site at https://www.belber.com/our-story.html. If an editor copy/pasted from there, then that's a problem. Or maybe the company copied Wikipedia, or released their own prose onto Wikipedia. I don't know how to tell.

In any case, the copy reads like an ad, with such statements as "People wanted to look good when they travelled and a Belber bag did just the trick." Even if we can have that stuff, we don't want it. TypoBoy (talk) 18:24, 1 September 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 21:38, 13 August 2021 (UTC)
 * PorteurBelberEst1891.png

title: Talk:Belber


text:
History of Christianity

/Introduction to Christianity/

 * Defining Christianity
 * The Influence of Christianity on Western Culture
 * Wiki History of Christianity
 * Schaff History of Christianity
 * History of Christianity by Century
 * Timeline of Christianity
 * Theologians

/Origins of Christianity/

 * Old Testament
 * Inter-Testamental Period
 * Outline of Apostolic Period
 * Life of Jesus
 * The Historicity of Jesus of Nazareth
 * The Christ
 * The Apostles
 * Early Christianity
 * Separation from Judaism
 * Early Centers of Christianity

/The Ante-Nicene Period/

 * Outline of Ante-Nicene Period
 * Ante-Nicene Fathers
 * Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers
 * Christian Gnosticism
 * Ecumenical Councils
 * The New Testament
 * Dating the Bible
 * Historical Reliability of the Gospels
 * History of the Papacy
 * Sacred Tradition
 * Constantine the Great and Christianity
 * Rulers who Converted to Christianity

/The Nicene or Post-Nicene Period/

 * Outline of the Nicene Period
 * The Cappadocian Fathers
 * Outline of the Byzantine Period
 * Desert Fathers
 * Monasticism
 * Catechetical School of Alexandria
 * Non-Chalcedonian Churches

/Medieval Christianity/

 * Development of the Medieval Church
 * Christianization
 * Celtic Christianity
 * The Holy Roman Empire
 * Crusades
 * The Great Schism
 * The Eastern Orthodox Church
 * Franciscans
 * Inquisition
 * Waldensians
 * Catharism

/Reformation/

 * History of Modern Christianity
 * The Renaissance
 * The Society of Jesus
 * The Reformation in Germany
 * Swiss Reformation
 * French Reformation
 * English Reformation
 * Free Church Movement
 * Christianity in the US
 * Christian Ecumenism
 * Systematic Theology

/Post Modern Christian Theology/

 * History of Christian Theology
 * Evangelicalism
 * Liberal Christianity
 * Liberation Theology
 * Christian Heresies in the 20th Century
 * Christian Devotional Literature

title: History of Christianity


text:
eroottinen

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from and adapted with the adjectival suffix.

Adjective

 * 1) erotic

title: eroottinen


text:
Gonokhovo, Kamensky District, Altai Krai

Gonokhovo (Гонохово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Gonokhovsky Selsoviet, Kamensky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 731 as of 2013. There are 10 streets.

Geography
Gonokhovo is located 28 km southeast of Kamen-na-Obi (the district's administrative centre) by road. Myski is the nearest rural locality.


text:
Talk:Roger Tubby

non-rendering image link
This line was in hte main article and was not rendering an image, looked bad.

studerby 07:32, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Roger Tubby


text:
samalla

Adverb

 * 1) at the same time, simultaneously
 * 2) while one is at it while doing something related
 * 1) while one is at it while doing something related
 * 1) while one is at it while doing something related

title: samalla


text:
pickling

Noun

 * 1) An instance of processing something in brine or in vinegar.
 * 2) A process by which the oxide scale on steel (especially stainless steels) or other metallic objects is chemically removed by strong acids.

Derived terms

 * pickling lime

Translations

 * Polish:, ,
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

 * French:
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Portuguese: decapagem
 * Spanish:

title: pickling


text:
Joseph Finnemore

Joseph Finnemore (1860–1939) was a prolific book and magazine illustrator who worked particularly for the Religious Tract Society. He was also a painter in oils.

He was born in Birmingham in 1860 and educated at the Birmingham School of Art and in Antwerp under Charles Verlat. Following a tour of Europe and the Near East in the early 1880s, he settled in London in 1884.

Of his paintings in oils, his works include The Proclamation of King Edward VII at St. James' Palace January 24, 1901 and On the Lookout, A Stormy Night.

He was a member of the Society of Illustrators, the Royal Society of British Artists (from 1893) and Royal Institute (from 1898).

Books illustrated by Joseph Finnemore

 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)
 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)
 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)
 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)
 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)
 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)
 * (Also includes illustrations by G.H. Thompson and Archibald Webb.)

title: Joseph Finnemore


text:
List of Galatasaray S.K. footballers (1–24 appearances)

The following is a list of Galatasaray S.K footballers based in Istanbul, Turkey.

Key

 * The list is ordered first by date of debut, and then if necessary in alphabetical order.
 * Appearances as a substitute are included.
 * Statistics are correct up to and including the match played on 26 May 2024. Where a player left the club permanently after this date, his statistics are updated to his date of leaving.

Nationality: Unless otherwise noted, the nationality of a player is determined by the country/countries which he has played for, or if said person has not played international football, their country of birth. Position: Playing positions are listed according to the tactical formations that were employed at the time. Thus the change in the names of defensive and midfield positions reflects the tactical evolution that occurred from the 1960s onwards. Club career: Club career is defined as the first and last calendar years in which the player appeared for the club in any of the competitions listed below. Total appearances and Total goals: Total appearances and goals comprise those in the Atatürk Cup, Istanbul Football Cup, Istanbul Football League, Istanbul Friday League, Istanbul Shield, Prime Minister's Cup, Süper Lig, Turkish Football Championship, Turkish Cup, Turkish Super Cup, TSYD Cup, European Cup/UEFA Champions League, UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League, Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, UEFA Super Cup and FIFA Club World Cup. Matches; wartime matches are regarded as unofficial and are excluded, as are matches from the abandoned 1939–40 season.


text:
XML - Managing Data Exchange/The one-to-many relationship/Answers

Chapter
To return to the chapter, follow this link: One-to-many relationship

Exercises
To view the exercises, follow this link: exercises

Answer - Exercise 1
XML schema:

XML document:

Answer - Exercise 2
XML schema:

XML document:

Answer - Exercise 3
XML schema:

Exercises
To view the exercises, follow this link: exercises