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Indian Hill Village

Indian Hill Village is a former shopping mall in Pomona, California. It has been redeveloped into a multi-use retail, commercial, and educational facility and is now known as The Village @ Indian Hill, comprising 650,000 sqft on 39 acre.

History
The original, open-air mall was built in the mid-1950s as Pomona Valley Center. Its anchor store, a 111,500 sqft Sears, had been dedicated in November 1954. Inline stores included Long's Drugs, F.C. Nash, and J.J. Newberry. Between 1967 and 1969, the mall was expanded westward. A 100,000 sqft Zody's discount store opened in June 1969 as the center's second anchor. One year later, the F.C. Nash store was sold to Roberts Department Store.

In 1974, the mall was renamed Indian Hill Village, a name the mall owners chose in a contest.

In 1979, there were 19 stores and a total taxable sales of $32 million, ranking 39th out of 52 regional shopping centers in Los Angeles and Orange Counties.

That year, Pomona's redevelopment agency as redevelopers National Redevelopment and American Income Properties announced a $25 million renovation which changed Indian Hill to an air-conditioned enclosed mall aimed at the blue-collar market with four department store anchors (Zody's, Sears, Roberts, and another to be determined) and about 80 other tenants. The renovation was completed in September 1982 and was described as "the largest single commercial development in the city's history". In 1985, Sears moved to the Montclair Plaza Mall.

In 1995, part of the property was acquired by the Pomona Unified School District, which created the nonprofit Pomona Valley Educational Foundation to manage it; the foundation was dissolved in 2010. The conversion of the failing mall into an "impressive" educational facility has been cited as one of the chief accomplishments of then-school superintendent Patrick Leier.

The expanded property now houses multiple educational facilities which serve more than 2,000 students in grades pre-Kindergarten to 14. An eight-screen movie theater formerly in the mall was closed in September 2005, prompting the theater owner to sue the school district, alleging that the lease had been improperly terminated.

title: Indian Hill Village


text:
Top-rated United States television programs of 1989–90

This table displays the top-rated primetime television series of the 1989–90 season as measured by Nielsen Media Research.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Οἰνώνη

Proper noun

 * 1) Oenone, a woman in Greek mythology
 * 2) Oenone, the older name for the island of Aegina

title: Οἰνώνη


text:
James Hamilton of Finnart

Sir James Hamilton of Finnart (c. 1495 – 16 August 1540) was a Scottish nobleman and architect, the illegitimate son of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran, and Marion Boyd of Bonshaw. Although legitimated in 1512 while still a minor, he continued to be known as the "Bastard of Arran". As a key member of the Hamilton family, and second cousin of James V, King of Scotland, he became a prominent member of Scottish society.

Rise
The nurse of a child of Marion Boyd is mentioned in the royal accounts in February 1498, when James IV was at Ayr.

Hamilton was granted the lands of Finnart in 1507 and knighted at a young age in 1511. As a child he joined the king's household and was given gifts of boots and shoes. In 1513 he was accepted as his father's heir, should his father not have legitimate heirs, which he later did. During the winter 1517/18 James was in France and brought back letters from Francis I to Scotland. At the end of March 1518 he returned to France with replies concerning the murder of Antoine d'Arces, sieur de la Bastie and his father's actions against the culprits. Arran struggled with Regent Albany and James V later in 1526 formally forgave him, Arran, the Earl of Eglinton, Lord Avandale, Hugh Campbell of Loudoun, and others for bearing arms against Albany with 5000 or 6000 men at "Kittycrocehill" by Glasgow.

In 1520 Hamilton played a part in provoking the "Clear the Causeway" fight with the Earl of Angus in Edinburgh's High Street. Hamilton and his father managed to escape from the skirmish by stealing horses and crossing the Nor Loch marshes. In September 1526 Hamilton was the murderer of John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Lennox, who had surrendered to the Hamilton side following the Battle of Linlithgow Bridge. On 22 October 1526, Hamilton was made Keeper and Captain of Linlithgow Palace with a legal ceremony involving the symbolic presentation of stones and earth followed by his entry to the palace and the closure of the doors behind him.

George Buchanan wrote that in revenge for the murder of Lennox a groom from the earl's stable stabbed Hamilton at the Pend of Holyroodhouse. Unharmed, at court he was made principal sewer, a noble waiter at the king's table, and master of the king's stables. He was involved in persecution of the Protestants, including his own cousin Patrick Hamilton, who was burnt at the stake in 1528. When his father died in 1529, he became guardian of his half-brother the nine or ten-year-old James, 2nd Earl of Arran, and was for a time the most influential of the Hamilton dynasty, and one of the most powerful men in Scotland.

In November 1528 he was described by an English diplomat Thomas Magnus with disapproval as one of the young king's counsellors, as "Sir James Hamylton, whoe did sley the Erle of Lenneux." Magnus thought Finnart and other unsuitable courtiers including the Sheriff of Ayr, the Laird of Buccleuch, Lord Maxwell, and Lord Methven, the husband of Margaret Tudor were responsible for continuing the forfeit and attainder of the Earl of Angus. However, Magnus also heard that Finnart and the Sheriff of Ayr, two "cherished servants" of James V met the forfeited rebels Archibald Douglas of Kilspindie and George Douglas of Pittendreich at Cockburnspath to discuss the restoration of the Earldom of Angus. This meeting and familiarity with Douglas family would later be used against Finnart.

Master of Work for building royal palaces and castles
He was appointed Steward of the Royal Household and Master of Works to King James. King James granted Hamilton the Draffan estate in Lanarkshire, on which he built Craignethan Castle in 1530. He probably also built Cadzow Castle near the South Lanarkshire town now known as Hamilton. In Linlithgow, Hamilton acquired the site of a large townhouse from his cousin James Hamilton of Kincavill in January 1531.

In 1536, Hamilton supplied James V with equipment for hunting horses, hounds and hawks, and the King ordered Patrick, Lord Gray, who was indebted to the crown, to pay him 850 Scottish merks.

As Master of Works, he was responsible for restorations to the royal palaces of Linlithgow, Blackness Castle and possibly Falkland Palace. His major work was creating the renaissance palace at Stirling for which he was richly rewarded. In 1537, the treasurer allowed Finnart the composition fee for the Wardship of the heir of Patrick Butter of Gormo against £133-6s-8d he had spent at Linlithgow and Blackness Castle. This pattern of financing continued, and at Stirling Castle on 22 September 1539, Finnart was given a substantial gift of lands in recompense for his service in completing works at Stirling Palace and Linlithgow Palace, including; Strathaven Castle, Crawfordjohn, Gorgie in Renfrewshire, and other lands made into a barony of Avondale. Finnart's building work continued at Stirling Palace with an advance of £4000 Scots in October 1539, and £300 for works at Linlithgow and Blackness Castle in April 1540. A later historian, William Drummond of Hawthornden, mentioned an advance of 3000 Crowns in April 1540 for rebuilding a castle on the Isle of Bute, meaning Rothesay Castle, but this is not recorded in the royal accounts. After his execution in August 1540, Finnart left debts for the building work at Stirling Palace. The royal blacksmith, William Hill, was paid for the ironwork and yetts he had made in August 1541. As late as January 1542, Edward Lytall's wife was paid £487 for the ironwork and timber she had supplied. A priest, sir James Nycholsoun, finished off the work at Stirling, which Finnart had begun in May 1538, spending £1459-15s-10d before Christmas 1540, and a carpenter Robert Robertson was appointed master of work to complete the palace.

Fall
In 1540 King James became convinced that Hamilton was plotting against him, although no evidence for this was presented. Arrested on charges of treason in late July, on 16 August Hamilton was tried, convicted and executed. Amongst the charges presented on 16 August, were these, which dated back 12 years, and suggest concerns about the security of the royal bedchamber;"'Sir James Hamilton of Finnart, having been convicted of the treasonable shooting of guns and firing of missiles outside the palace of Linlithgow and from the bell-tower of the same, at the king and the people in his company, both at the time the king came to the palace and when he withdrew from the same, and especially at his lodging place in the same town, the king being personally present at the time of the firing of the said missiles. And for art and part in the treasonable imagination, planning, and consultation, vulgarly called devising, of assassinations, at the time it is said he was with Archibald Douglas of Kilspindie and James Douglas of Parkhead at the chapel of St Leonard near Edinburgh, after the forfeiture of Archibald Douglas, formerly Earl of Angus, George Douglas of Pittendreich his brother, and the said Archibald Douglas, his father, and also during the siege of Tantallon Castle in consultation with the said Douglases, how he would enter by the window near the upper part of the bed, 'the bedhead' (superiorem thori - literally above the pillows), in the King's palace near Holyrood Abbey, and how there he would commit the slaughter of the King. And for common treason and conspiracy against the King, his realm and lieges. Therefore it was given that this James forfeited his life, lands, rents and possessions to the king as his escheat, to remain with him in perpetuity.'"

After Finnart was beheaded at Edinburgh, James V seized Craignethan Castle. He installed a garrison led by James and David Orrok. The silverwork from the chapel was taken to Edinburgh and engraved by John Mosman with the arms of the king's infant eldest son, James, Duke of Rothesay. James V redeemed two silver flagons from Mungo Tennant, a merchant who had lent Finnart money which he used to pay for hauling timber to the building work at Stirling Castle.

A chest with Finnart's papers was brought to Edinburgh, and many of these were destroyed by crown officers. Cardinal Beaton gave money to his widow, as she was his relative.

After his death, Finnart is said to have appeared to the James V in a dream, and declared that he "would shortly lose both arms, then his head." This prophecy came true, as the King lost both of his young sons in 1541, and died himself in 1542. The story was recorded by John Knox and George Buchanan.

Evidence and theories on Finnart's execution
The execution of James Hamilton of Finnart has historical interest as an incident that has been cited as evidence of arbitrary cruelty and greed in the behaviour of James V. This and other aspects of the story were discussed in the History of the Five Jameses by William Drummond of Hawthornden first published in 1655. Another theme, which is based on George Buchanan's History of Scotland, sees Finnart as a close associate of Cardinal Beaton and active in the support of the Catholic Church, would identify his enemies as Protestant interests in Scotland. George Buchanan alleges that Finnart was a judge in trials of heresy, and his account of Finnart's arrest and trial mentions particularly the roles of James Learmont of Dairsie, Master of Household, and James Kirkcaldy of Grange as Protestants with the Catholic Secretary Thomas Erskine of Haltoun. In Buchanan's story these three became committed to Finnart's execution after arresting him on the King's orders. John Knox however merely gives the story of the King's haunting, and writes he would not comment whether the execution was just or unjust.

Finnart was supposed to have prevented James V meeting Henry VIII of England and possibly marrying Princess Mary and then hindering the King's French marriage plans by leading his ships off-course in August 1536. At the time, the English ambassador William Howard heard that Finnart was working to arrange the King's marriage to his mistress, Margaret Erskine.

An anti-Hamilton narrative account written in 1570 shortly after James Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh had assassinated Regent Moray, gives an insight into Finnart's execution and his possible motivations. This account mentions that the charges against Finnart were old, dating from just after the departure of John Stewart, Duke of Albany in 1524. As noted in the records of the Parliament of Scotland, Finnart was accused of planning to kill James V at Holyroodhouse. Though this plan was not executed, the writer in 1570 added that Finnart persevered to delay the King's marriage so that the Hamilton family would succeed as kings of Scotland. The Hamiltons were supposed to have hoped the King might die by misfortune without heirs. According to this 1570s account, which Cecil noted as an 'Exhortation to the Lords of Council against the Hamiltons,' from that time forth Finnart was in disfavour. Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, the writer of a chronicle history, shares this bias against the Hamilton family and Hamilton of Finnart.

The reasons for Finnart's execution remain unclear and some recent writers, such as Jamie Cameron doubt that his role and significance was as pivotal as the author of the 'Exhortation' suggests. Some evidence suggests that Finnart was not unambiguously an ally of the Douglases. Letters written by Douglas agents following James V's journey in France in October 1536 (and intercepted by the English) reported that Finnart was not in favour and that the king had said to John Drummond of Milnab when they were aboard ship; "If I would but once look merely upon the earl of Angus, Sir James would droop; for by the wounds of God, for all Sir James' bragging, the earl of Angus and he never met but Sir James turned ever the back seams of his hose."

Family
Finnart married Margaret Livingston of Easter Wemyss some time before 1529, and had issue:

 * 1) James Hamilton of Crawfordjohn
 * 2) Agnes Hamilton, who married James Somerville, 6th Lord Somerville
 * 3) Grissel Hamilton who married Andrew Leslie, 5th Earl of Rothes in 1548.
 * 4) Elizabeth Hamilton, who married John Maxwell of Calderwood.

A Somerville family history states that James V attended the wedding of Agnes at Craignethan, perhaps on 8 April 1536, but the modern historian Jamie Cameron doubted this tradition.

In addition, James fathered at least ten illegitimate children, to at least three mistresses, Marion Stewart, Elizabeth Murray, and Elizabeth Elphinstone.
 * 1) Andrew Hamilton
 * 2) James Hamilton senior
 * 3) Alexander Hamilton
 * 4) James Hamilton, junior, (b. 1520)
 * 5) Agnes Hamilton.

title: James Hamilton of Finnart


text:
1988 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships

The 1988 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships, also known by its sponsored name Shawmut U.S. Pro Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts at the Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts in the United States. The event was part of the Super Series of the 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. It was the 61st edition of the tournament and was held from July 4 through July 10, 1988. Eighth-seeded Thomas Muster won the singles title, his second at the event after 1985.

Singles
🇦🇹 Thomas Muster defeated 🇺🇸 Lawson Duncan 6–2, 6–2
 * It was Muster's 1st singles title of the year and the 2nd of his career.

Doubles
🇲🇽 Jorge Lozano / 🇺🇸 Todd Witsken defeated Bruno Orešar / 🇵🇪 Jaime Yzaga 3–6, 7–5, 6–2

title: 1988 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships


text:
Template talk:User fem nl-2

Necessity?
For the life of me, I can’t figure out how to change language userboxes to match my gender. Could someone please explain how to do it (and make that information easier to find)? I doubt this page is necessary and will gladly nominate it for deletion. Stars&Stuff553 (talk) 01:12, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Template talk:User fem nl-2


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Jules Munshin

Jules Munshin (February 22, 1915 – February 19, 1970) was an American actor, comedian and singer who had made his name on Broadway when he starred in Call Me Mister. His additional Broadway credits include The Gay Life and Barefoot in the Park. On screen, he is best remembered for On the Town, in which he co-starred with Frank Sinatra and Gene Kelly as sailors on leave in New York City.

Early life
Munshin was born in New York City and began in show business shortly after graduating from high school. He worked in Catskill resorts, then vaudeville and was a singer for the George Olsen band. While serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, he played in Army shows such as The Army Play‐by‐Play and About Face, a touring show that featured Joe Louis.

Career
In 1946 he joined the Broadway show Call Me Mister which dealt with the issues that servicemen encountered with return to civilian life. It ran to 734 performances.

In 1948 he moved from Broadway to film. He appeared in such Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer musicals as Easter Parade (1948), Take Me Out to the Ball Game (1949), On the Town (1949) and Silk Stockings (1957).

In August 1958 he appeared at the Aldwych Theatre in London's West End in a run of George Tabori's play Brouhaha with Peter Sellers in the lead role and also featuring Lionel Jeffries. One of the September shows was televised on the BBC. The show which was directed by Peter Hall ran until 28 February 1959.

Death
Munshin died in New York City at the age of 54 from a heart attack, three days before his 55th birthday. He is buried in Long Island National Cemetery.

title: Jules Munshin


text:
Electronics/Conventional Current

An electronic circuit is a system in which electrons flow from a negative terminal of a source, through a load, to the positive terminal. Unfortunately for electronics students, pioneers in the fields of electricity and magnetism believed that positive charge flowed, so many of the conventions in physics and electronics assume that current flows from positive to negative, even though the particles that are moving are actually negatively charged electrons moving from negative to positive. (conventional current is covered in the voltage and current section. should we take it out of here and just leave it there?)

''Talking about conventional current here sounds like a good idea. The discussion should include a blurb on the relationship between conventional current and voltage.''

If you are having trouble imagining this, consider what happens if you pass helium filled balloons to another person while you both are standing on scales. If the balloons are very large, then the person receiving the balloon actually loses weight and you who gave the balloon gain weight -- as measured by the scales. (This is because the balloons are pulling up on you.) In other words, the person who gives the balloon seems to have received weight and the person who receives the balloon seems to have lost weight. In the same way, when something gives electrons it seems to have received positive charge.

If this all seems confusing, rest assured that you will find a way to think about it that works for you. Many people just ignore the electrons altogether and think of positive charge flowing around. Except in rare cases this is completely fine.

So, different types of negative particles drift from negative to positive, and positive particles drift in the opposite direction, at different speeds in different materials. How to make sense of this? Conventional current. We define current as flowing from positive to negative, and ignore the particles that make it up (for most purposes), paying attention only to the amount of charge flow per unit time, and the speed of the electromagnetic waves. We will sometimes still talk about electrons flowing, since they are the predominant charge carriers in metal, and many circuit components. Just keep these principles in mind.

Current i / I is represented in Amperes / Amps / A and equals x number of y

title: Electronics/Conventional Current


text:
Running Mates (1992 film)

Running Mates is a 1992 American political comedy/drama television film directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg and starring Diane Keaton, Ed Harris, Ed Begley Jr., and Ben Masters. The film follows the presidential election campaign of Senator Hugh Hathaway, who faces scandal and controversy when his enemies share secrets of Aggie Snow, the woman he is with.

Premise
Running for President, Senator Hugh Hathaway must go up against scandal and controversy after the woman he loves comes under political attack.

Cast

 * Diane Keaton as Aggie Snow
 * Ed Harris as Senator Hugh Hathaway
 * Ed Begley Jr. as Chapman Snow
 * Ben Masters as Mel Fletcher

title: Running Mates (1992 film)


text:
Talk:Dean Brogan

External links modified
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I have just modified 1 one external link on Dean Brogan. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150909190310/http://www.gwsgiants.com.au:80/football/giants-coaching-staff to http://www.gwsgiants.com.au/football/giants-coaching-staff

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:14, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dean Brogan


text:
Talk:Stivers School for the Arts

Untitled
When I went to Stivers in the mid-eighties...this would be 85, 86 and 87...Stivers was a 7-9 middle school only. It did not become a high school until later..perhaps 1990 or so. Does anyone have the exact dates? __ It became a full high school 1996? because the first class to graduate was 2000.

Gradutaing class
It became a full high school in 2000, when the first class graduate. They started in '96 by adding a Freashman class and an another year every year.

Historic
Added to the NRHP August 24, 2001 Ref #01000896? Referenced here. --Kjmoran 14:11, 16 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Was this school originally Stivers Manual Training High School? ChildofMidnight (talk) 21:44, 15 January 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stivers School for the Arts


text:
User:Drdaramola

Welcome
I am Dr. Daramola, a chemical engineer by training, born in Nigeria and now live in the United States. My first Wikipedia edit occured in 2012, updating Nigeria's performance in the Summer Olympics. I have recently returned to Wikipedia editing as part of the ACS Women Chemists Committee Wikipedia Edit-a-thon in 2020.

title: User:Drdaramola


text:
User:Suresh.nallagoni

Hi every one..!

I am suresh Nallagoni basically I am into Personality Develoment Trainer and also working as Managerial postion in MNC.

My intention is to improve positivity in people and make them to achieve their goals and lead a succesful life.

title: User:Suresh.nallagoni


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Corsicana High School debate

The result of the debate was delete. Flowerparty ■ 08:08, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Corsicana High School debate
Delete per Articles for deletion/Precedents: school clubs are not notable. Article claims to count "prominent attornies, teachers, doctors and public officials" among its ex-members, but fails to name any. htonl 22:55, 19 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Ibn Abihi 23:04, 19 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Joyous | Talk 23:17, 19 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. ¡Dustimagic!  ( T / C ) 05:15, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. --Khoikhoi 05:55, 20 March 2006 (UTC)


text:
Talk:David Hepworth

External links modified
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I have just modified one external link on David Hepworth. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120505074719/http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=284084999 to http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=284084999

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:20, 6 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Hepworth


text:
Talk:National Fire Service Academy (South Korea)

Added internal links
I've added a number of internal links to other Wikipedia pages to address underlinked nature of the page. I don't know if my contributions are adequate to remove the template from the page or not, so have left it active. MHLoppy (talk) 14:44, 16 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Anuphap Theeraratsakul

Anuphap Theeraratsakul (อนุภาพ ธีระรัตน์สกุล; born 4 October 1979) is a Thai badminton player who specializes in singles. He won the men's singles title at the Thai national championships in 1998 and 2002, and at the same year, he represented his country at the 1998 and 2002 Asian Games. Theeraratsakul helps the Thai national team won the silver medal at the 2003 Southeast Asian Games, also the bronzes in 1997, 1999, and 2001. Together with his brother Apichai and Anurak, they found the T.Thailand badminton club.

IBF International
Men's singles

title: Anuphap Theeraratsakul


text:
User:Carolineufeld/sandbox

Summary

Dan Jackson is an Executive Producer currently living in Vancouver, British Columbia. He has over thirty years of experience as a show runner,producer, director and writer of nonfiction and documentary programming. He is currently producing Diagnose Me, a series which explores mystery illnesses and which will air in the spring of 2015. He is Executive Producer of Outrageous Births: Tales from the Crib, currently airing on Discovery Life. In 2014, he was series producer on Ice Pilots for Omni, and series producer on Highway Thru Hell for Great Pacific Media, both in Vancouver. For the past decade, he was show runner on numerous series for GRB, Morningstar and Thom Beers at Original Productions, including Monster House (Discovery Channel).

He is co-founder of VideoVisions, one of the country's top producers of management training videos. His book, Old Bug, won the 2008 Benjamin Franklin Award for Best New Voice - Nonfiction.

Specialties: Show Runner/Producer/Director/Writer of non-fiction and reality television.

Show Runner Great Pacific Media November 2012 – November 2013 (1 year 1 month)Vancouver BC

"Highway Thru Hell" Discovery Canada, Nat Geo US and International GRB Entertainment Show Runner GRB Entertainment January 2010 – May 2011 (1 year 5 months)Vancouver BC

Show Runner on "Confessions: Animal Hoarding" (Animal Planet) Show Runner Morningstar Entertainment 2008 – 2009 (1 year)Los Angeles CA

Produced "Secret Worlds" (Travel Channel) Series Producer Original Productions 1999 – 2008 (9 years)

Co-Executive Producer: Monster House (Discovery) Series Producer: L.A. Hard Hats (Nat Geo) Series Producer: Twister Sisters (WEtv) Series Producer: Crash Files: Inside the NTSB Series Producer: Impact: Stories of Survival Producer/Director/Writer: Birth of the Harley Davidson V-Rod Co-owner VideoVisions 1997 – 2008 (11 years)

Write and direct management training videos for worldwide distibution and sale to corporate training departments. Producer/Writer VH1 November 1997 – October 1998 (1 year)

Behind the Music: Willie Nelson Legends: Stevie Ray Vaughn Producer/Director Arnold Shapiro Productions 1990 – 1998 (8 years)

Director, Rescue 911 (five seasons) Director/Writer, Inside America's Military Academies Director/Writer, Perfect Crimes Producer/Writer Actuality April 1996 – August 1997 (1 year 5 months)

Modern Marvels: Simulators Modern Marvels: Police Technology

title: User:Carolineufeld/sandbox


text:
Wikibooks:Reading room/Bulletin Board

 * Have a significant announcement? Post it!  See an announcement that is wrong?  Edit it!

Latest Bulletins

 * Looks good. In 18 years on Wikibooks this is probably the first time I've ever read the Bulletin Board. Xania [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]] [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] talk 01:23, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * I am new here and looking around to see if I like this project. Not sure what this Latest Bulletins board is supposed to be used for. It is obviously not very active?
 * I was expecting to see the many announcements from WMF that seem to clutter the various Village pumps on other wmf-projects, where the employees of the WMF do not expect followup posts and rarely reply to any questions by participants. Does the English Wikibooks have such announcements? Ottawahitech (discuss • contribs) 16:35, 26 February 2024 (UTC)

de:Wikibooks:Rundschau ms:Wikibooks:Pengumuman pl:Wikibooks:Tablica ogłoszeń

title: Wikibooks:Reading room/Bulletin Board


text:
Lecythis minor

Lecythis minor, the monkey-pot tree, is a small tree with toxic seeds that occurs in South America.

Description
Lecythis minor is a small to medium-sized tree that ranges from 5-25 m in height and has a 70 cm diameter at breast height. Its bark is grey, and is smooth when the tree is young but develops deep vertical fissures as the tree ages.

It has ovoid leaves that are about 8.5-24.5 cm long and 4.5-10 m wide. The leaves are glabrous and coriaceous, with serrated margins. The leaves have 12 to 19 pairs of lateral veins, and the leaf stalks are 5-20 mm and puberulous.

The flowers of Lecythis minor are arranged on a rachis, being 10-35 cm long, and the inflorescences are white to yellow, green while budding. Each rachis has 10 to 75 flowers, and the rachides are pubescent.

The fruit of the tree have a distinct cup shape representative of the genus Lecythis, and are spherical with a 7.5-11 mm thick pericarp. The seeds are reddish-brown and fusiform, and contain toxic amounts of selenium. The seeds tolerate a very low pH.

Habitat and ecology
Lecythis minor is common in South America. It ranges from the Maracaibo lowlands of Venezuela to the northern coast of Colombia where it ascends the Magdalena and Cauca valleys. It was introduced in many other places in South America as well, from La Lima in Honduras to Soledad in Cuba. It occurs in dry, open, and disturbed habitats, where it grows as a small and many-branched tree. It can also be found in moister forests where it forms a taller, single-trunked tree. It grows especially well along rivers in tropical forests. The tree tolerates an annual precipitation of 9.1-22.8 dm, an annual temperature of 24.4-26.5 C, and a soil pH of 5.0 to 8.0.

The tree is pollinated by bees and seeds are dispersed by fruit bats.

Uses
It is cultivated as an ornamental tree in many places, such as the Summit Gardens in Panama. The nuts of the tree are collected when ripe, and the tree can produce fruit as young as 2 m tall. In indigenous medicine, the fruit is supposedly antiasthmatic and depilatory.

Chemistry
The seeds are toxic, especially when consumed in large quantities. The toxicity is derived from the amino acid in the plant that is a selenium analog to cystathionine, through which selenium is stored in the seeds during reproductive growth. The seeds contain approximately 85% of the tree's total selenium in the form of selenomethionine. The seeds taste agreeable, but can induce nausea, anxiety, and giddiness, and can cause loss of hair and fingernails. Dickinson found that after consuming 300 to 600 seeds he had temporary loss of hair and fingernails. The toxicity can vary depending on the soil, as some evidence suggests that seed toxicity increases as the amount of selenium in the soil increases.

title: Lecythis minor


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Fatimid conquest of Egypt/archive1

Fatimid conquest of Egypt

 * Nominator(s): Constantine  ✍  16:28, 15 August 2020 (UTC)

This article is about the conquest of Egypt by the Fatimids, who would make the country their seat and rule it for almost exactly two centuries. The conquest itself is an excellent example of successful political subversion, as the Egyptian elites were gradually induced to not oppose the invasion itself. As a direct result of the conquest, Cairo was founded, Egypt became once again the seat of a Mediterranean imperial power, and the Fatimids were brought one big step closer to their (ultimately unfulfilled) goal of taking Baghdad and overthrowing the Abbasid Caliphate. The article was begun in October 2019, and has passed GA and MILHIST's ACR since. I am confident it is the most complete treatment of the topic available, and look forward to any suggestions to improve it further. Constantine  ✍  16:28, 15 August 2020 (UTC)

Support
Wow. Written with considerable deft and skill, this is an absorbing, engaging read throughout. Its not often you see a 6k word article written with such consistent clarity. Support on prose. Ceoil (talk) 23:32, 15 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the kind words, . Is there anything at all that might be done to further improve the article? Anything left unclear? Constantine  ✍  09:06, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

Support
Agreed. I went over it with a fine tooth comb, and cannot find any problems. Hawkeye7  (discuss)  05:51, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

Image review—pass
Images are free and placement meets MOS (t · c)  buidhe  04:11, 18 August 2020 (UTC)

Support from Gog the Mild
It is my intention to claim points for this review in the WikiCup.

I had a look at this at both GAN and ACR, let's see if I can find anything new to pick at.

 * A minor point, but why "organized a large-scale expedition" rather than just 'a large expedition'?
 * No particular reason, changed
 * "the expedition set off from Raqqada on 6 February 969". Maybe 'the expedition set off from Raqqada (in modern Tunisia} on 6 February 969'?
 * Good suggestion, implemented it somewhat differently: Added the clarification about Tunisia to Ifriqiya, and then clarified that Raqqada was in Ifriqiya
 * "failed to take the capital of Fustat" → 'failed to take the Egyptian capital Fustat'?
 * Good point, done
 * A couple of words on who the Makurians were would be helpful.
 * Good point, done
 * Qarmatians similarly.
 * Done.
 * "The domestic situation in Egypt was only worsened by a series of low Nile floods". Does "only" add anything here?
 * Removed.
 * "aggravated still further by the outbreak of a rat-borne plague". Similarly "still".
 * Removed.
 * "25 times its normal price". Suggest "normal" → 'pre-famine'.
 * Changed.
 * "leaving Egypt in a virtual power vacuum". This doesn't sound very encyclopedic and am not sure what it means. Is there not a more felicitous turn of phrase?
 * Changed to "effectively without government"
 * "who had a special interest in having stability restored". Perhapsa few words on why this was the case?
 * Done.
 * "even Ibn al-Furat is suspected by modern historians". By modern historians, or by some modern historians?
 * Good catch.
 * "The Fatimids' own experience made them well aware of this fact." Optional: delete "fact".
 * Removed.
 * "that the military refused to accept it, and resolved to fight and bar passage over the Nile." Insert 'had' before "resolved".
 * Done.
 * "The resistance of the troops had broken Jawhar's amān and made the city licit for plunder according to custom, but Jawhar consented to its renewal". This doesn't make sense. I think "its" needs elaborating.
 * Done.
 * "but Damascus was enraged" A picky point, but maybe 'the citizens of Damascus', or whatever?
 * Done.
 * "forced to recognize Fatimid supremacy so by a joint Fatimid–Medinan expedition". Is "so" a typo?
 * Indeed.
 * Should "Lev" have an upper case L?
 * Since it is a proper name, and not the Bulgarian currency, of course.

Gog the Mild (talk) 14:18, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Hi Gog the Mild, and thanks for the usual thorough review. Your comments have been addressed above. Anything else? Constantine  ✍  19:39, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Nope, that all looks fine. Just as good as the last two times I went through it. More than happy to support. Gog the Mild (talk) 20:06, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

Funk

 * Though the article has the necessary support, it is a subject I'd like to know more about, so I'll review soon. FunkMonk (talk) 10:11, 26 August 2020 (UTC)
 * "The Fatimids came to power in Ifriqiya in 909" You could state where this is today.
 * Done
 * "The Fatimids came to power in Ifriqiya in 909, when they overthrew the reigning Aghlabid dynasty" Could more background to this be added? How recently had the Fatimids arrived to the region, and from where? To give context for how focused they were on taking over.
 * Done
 * "The interior courtyard of the Mosque of Amr ibn al-As" Perhaps give more context in the caption, like "where Jawhar led the Friday prayer after entering Fustat"?
 * Done
 * "as the sources report different detail." Details?
 * Changed
 * Link Alid.
 * Done
 * "inhabitants of Damascus was enraged" Were?
 * Corrected
 * "Egypt was not yet wholly under Fatimid control" you then go on to events in the Levant, but could it be elaborated how Egypt itself was not fully under their control? I see you mention it in the section below "and extend Fatimid rule to the north (the Nile Delta area) and south (Upper Egypt)", but I wonder if it should already be stated earlier that these areas remained?
 * You are right that this is a bit confusing. Moved this further down, to the section about Jawhar's administration of Egypt
 * Maybe show a photo of the Al-Azhar Mosque, since it seems significant it was begun as a result of the conquest?
 * Done
 * You are inconsistent in whether you give conversions for distance measurements. You have "10 kilometres (6.2 mi)" but also "some five kilometres".
 * Fixed, thanks for catching this.
 * "The Fatimid general called almost the entire population of Fustat to arms" The male population, I assume? If so, could be specified.
 * Done
 * It is confusing that you mention Cairo a bunch of times before the part about its foundation.
 * Added a mention when writing about the new capital founded by Jawhar
 * "which he renamed as al-Qāhira al-Muʿizzīya" and "and their capital, Cairo", so when did it become known as Cairo? A bit confusing when you refer to two names.
 * Link ecumenical.
 * Done
 * "the Abbasid Caliphate had collapsed" That's not the impression one gets from reading the article, only that they were weakened?
 * Well, when "the Abbasid caliphs themselves were reduced to powerless pawns", it is pretty much equal to collapse, isn't it? Sure, the institution of the caliphate didn't vanish, but the caliphs went within a couple of decades from being emperors to having less power than the Queen of England currently has.
 * "which became the seat of the Fatimid Caliphate for the remainder of its existence" The last section could state how long the Fatimid rule over Egypt lasted, when and how it came to an end.
 * Added, and in the text as well
 * Thanks a lot for taking the time and the good suggestions. Have replied to your points above, please have another look. Constantine  ✍  21:56, 27 August 2020 (UTC)
 * The added context looks great, one last thing in the text you added: "of their rightful place leaders of the entire Muslim world" Missing as? FunkMonk (talk) 19:11, 28 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Fixed, thanks. Constantine  ✍  11:47, 29 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Fixed, thanks. Constantine  ✍  11:47, 29 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Support - I'm happy I read it after all, very interesting! FunkMonk (talk) 12:37, 29 August 2020 (UTC)

Comments Support by Borsoka
Thank you for this well-written, interesting article! More to come. Borsoka (talk) 12:07, 27 August 2020 (UTC)
 * The Fatimids came to power in Ifriqiya... Consider explaining Ifriqiya with modern/better known geographical term(s).
 * Done
 * ...as an Isma'ili Shi'a sect claiming descent from Fatima... I think a "sect" could not claim descend from Fatima. Maybe "family", "clan"?
 * Done
 * ...take their place at the head of a universal empire. Were the Abbasids the head of a universal empire? They may have laid claim to universal leadership.
 * Clarified: since Islam held ecumenical aspirations, the caliph, theoretically at least, was a universal monarch (much like the Roman/Byzantine emperor). This was even more so for the Fatimids, who as imams were supposed to be God's 'proof' on earth.
 * As the Abbasid Caliphate entered a severe crisis in the 930s,... A wikilink to "severe crisis" or a short explanation ("economic/political/military/general")?
 * We don't have a single article on this, unfortunately. Added 'general' as it was indeed a systemic collapse.
 * Abu Yazid A short introduction? ("the anti-Ismaili Berber leader",....)
 * Done
 * Consider shortly mentioning the Ummayad conquest in the Maghreb in the "Background" section, because the article only writes of the Fatimid reconquest of the region.
 * That takes as too far back, I am afraid, and is not really relevant to this article. Plus the Fatimids did not reconquer the region, since they never held power there (or anywhere) before. They were a secret movement that rode a religious-social-political movement to power against the Sunni establishment, but their origins are not related to the Umayyad conquest of the Maghreb, as the Isma'ili sect was a recent import into the region.
 * In this case the following text in section "Fatimid preparations" is misleading: By 965, his armies under Jawhar had triumphed over the Umayyads of the Caliphate of Córdoba, reversing their gains and once more extending Fatimid authority over what is now western Algeria and Morocco. It suggests a reconquest.
 * Ah, of course. The reconquest here refers to the first wave of Fatimid expansion over the Maghreb in the 910s and 920s. Clarified now.
 * Thanks for your suggestions and kind words. Looking forward to the rest :) Constantine  ✍  22:19, 27 August 2020 (UTC)

End of my comments. I really enjoyed reviewing this article. Previously my knowledge of the events was limited, but now I have a picture. Again, thank you for your hard work. Borsoka (talk) 03:21, 28 August 2020 (UTC)
 * ...the balance of power gradually shifted in the Fatimids' favour...Gradually deprived of its outlying provinces... The word "gradually" is used twice in a short paragraph
 * Removed the first occurrence, it was not necessary
 * The first paragraph in section "Collapse of the Ikhshidid regime" is not clear. 1. I assume Kafur was the vizier until his death and al-Furat became his successor, although the commanders of the army wanted to achieve the appointment of one of their number to the post. 2. We are informed that the Ikshidiyya and the Kafuriyya were rivals, but we are also informed that they wanted to have one of their number appointed to be Kafur's successor. (Maybe al-Furat was a compromise to avoid a clash between the two military factions?)
 * Kafur was the power behind the throne for about 20 years before becoming emir himself in 966. He was not the vizier, Ibn al-Furat was. I wanted to avoid delving too much into the details of the Ikhshidid period except in so far as it impacts the events shown here. I've added a brief summary, just to give an idea why Kafur's loss left such a vacuum. On the second part, of course the military wanted to continue the 'tradition' of having one of their own in charge. But I think the article makes clear that in the end, they backed down and a compromise between the various factions followed.
 * ...slave-soldier... Consider changing it to ...ghulām, or slave-soldier... and de-link "ghilmān" in section "Occupation of Fustat".
 * Done
 * The Caliph made no secret of his ambition... Consider naming him or mentioning him as the "Fatimid Caliph".
 * Done
 * ...the massive influx of high-quality gold from sub-Saharan Africa... A short explanation? Only the footnote clarifies that it was not a tribute, but it was imported.
 * Altered influx to importation
 * ...Kutama homeland... Where? (I assumed that it was in the Maghreb, but we are informed that the Maghreb was recently (re)conquered.) Consider mentioning against that the Kutama were Berbers. (I know that it was mentioned, but a repetition helps to memorize it. :) )
 * Done. Just as a note, the Maghreb includes Ifriqiya, but the 'reconquered' area was the western half of the Maghreb, so the Kutama homeland was not actually lost.
 * ...short-lived regent... Is "short-lived" a proper adjective?
 * It is, but incorrectly (and redundantly) used here. Removed.
 * ...al-Hasan ibn Ubayd Allah is said ... By whom?
 * That is unclear; in Halm's reference for this passage, a few sources are listed. Likely it was a pro-Fatimid source, like the Sirat Jawhar, but I can't be certain.
 * ...Modern historians stress... Too general? Do we know that all modern historians stress it?
 * Rephrased; it is indeed a factor stressed in all accounts I have read on the events
 * ...by the Abbasid-aligned Muslim rulers of the region... I may be wrong, but as far as I remember Shiite families dominated northern Syria in this period.
 * You are correct, e.g. the Hamdanids; but they were Twelvers and still recognized the Abbasids as leaders of the umma, not the Fatimids.
 * ...do Jawar homage... Is this the proper term? I have only read the "do homage" expression in the context of European feudalism, but I am not a native speaker.
 * I am also not a native speaker, but I've often encountered the phrase in a more general use to mean a public gesture of respect and'submission. The feudal terms are used in the same way in French and German, BTW.
 * ...the unfamiliar phrases from a note... Clarify. (I assume the preacher was Sunni, that is why he did not know the Shiite phrases.)
 * Good point, done
 * ...the khuṭba was proclaimed in al-Mu'izz's name in 969 or 970... Consider changing: ...the khuṭba was proclaimed for the first time in the Fatimid Caliph's name in 969 or 970....
 * Done
 * ...The Hasanid Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Hasani... is said... By whom?
 * ...one account... By whom?
 * Clarified, as far as possible. Like above, the references are not always clear.
 * Delete "(see below)". (We will see it.)
 * Done
 * ...900 of them... Who? Two different groups of Ikhshidid troops were mentioned in the previous sentences.
 * Clarified.
 * Consider mentioning that the Ikhshidid troops were familiar with the conditions in the Nile Delta in this section, because many of them were not dissmissed for their special knowledge. (Now this is mentioned in the section "Pacification of the provinces and the Qarmatian invasion".)
 * Done, good suggestion.
 * Introduce Tibr.
 * Done
 * Explain the term "ashrāf" in footnote "d."
 * Done
 * Consider consolidating the text of footnote "g." in the main text.
 * I considered that, but I felt it would break the chronological narrative.
 * ...the Abbasid Caliphate had collapsed... I am not sure this is the proper term (although I read your explanation above).
 * Well, the problem is what we mean by "the Abbasid Caliphate": it can mean both the caliphal institution, in which case of course it did not 'collapse', but also the territorial state, the "Abbasid empire" for lack of a better term, which most certainly did vanish entirely. After 946, the Abbasid caliph had no power outside his palace walls, and often not much within them either. Only after the partial restoration of their temporal power in the 11th century did they again become actual rulers instead of figureheads. If you can think of a better description, of course, I am open to suggestions.
 * I've fixed the issues you raised or otherwise answered you above. I am happy that you found it interesting and (presumably) accessible, this is always one of my big worries with my articles due to the rather obscure (for a Western audience) topics. Is there anything else, even beyond FAC concerns, that might be improved? Constantine  ✍  12:34, 29 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your edits. My principal concerns were addressed. Where not, I mainly understand your concerns. Could you rephrase the three sentences containing the phrases "is said" and "one account"? They suggest me unrelevance and force me to raise the question "By whom?". Borsoka (talk) 03:11, 30 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Did a bit of tweaking on the "is said", but short of removing the qualifier altogether (which I won't do, for obvious reasons), the ambiguity will always remain until I can somehow trace the exact source. The "one account" bit has been fixed already. Constantine  ✍  09:42, 30 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I understand your position, so I think I have no choice but to support. :) Thank you for the article. Borsoka (talk) 11:53, 30 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you very much for a thorough review that helped improve the article further. Cheers, Constantine  ✍  18:08, 30 August 2020 (UTC)

Coord note
I think we just need a source review? --Ealdgyth (talk) 15:54, 31 August 2020 (UTC)

Source review - pass
Nb. I intend to claim points in the WikiCup for this review.

 * "Sources": J comes before K.
 * Done
 * Canard: are you sure that you have the details right? Are you referring to this?
 * Yes, but I don't see the problem. The worldcat reference says "Extrait de : "Annales de l'Institut d'Etudes Orientales", VI, 1942-1947, p. 156-193." which is what I am referencing as well.
 * Lev (1988); one should be Lev (1988b).
 * It is linked via the harvid feature. Or do you mean that the year in the visible reference should also be changed?
 * The cite should be trackable by eye, without having to click on anything. So it needs to be visible in the Sources list as well. I have made the change; let me know if you have a problem with it.
 * That's fine and makes sense, thanks

 * Cite 97: I am struggling to find support for your text in the article on p. 456 of "Zaydi Shiism and the Hasanid Sharifs of Mecca". Could you point me towards the text in the work you are relying on?
 * The citation is for page 457, not 456: "The Sharif Ja'far b. Muhammad is reported to have mentioned the name of the Fatimid Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah in the ritual sermon (khutba) during the Friday prayers in the Great Mosque at Mecca as early as 358/969, after having been informed of the Fatimid conquest of Egypt" for the first instance, and "whereas al-Maqrizi (d. 845/1442), relying on contemporary Fatimid sources since lost, claims that the khutba was not recited in the name of al-Mucizz li-DTn Allah until the following year, 364/975." for the second.
 * Tick.

 * "Ibn al-Jawzi and Ibn al-Athir put the recitation of the Friday prayer[99] as late as 974". 1) I think that the cite should be moved to after "as late as 974" 2) the page should be pp. 65-66, not p. 65 3) the source given supports a date of 970, not the 974 in the article.
 * I suspect that cite 96 should be pp. 65-66 not pp. 64-65; and further suspect that it may have become confused with cite 99.
 * Fixed ref 96. On 99, there's indeed a mix-up inadvertently introduced during my last edits in the section: the citation concerns the khutba at Mecca, not Medina. So the correct reference should have been Mortel 1987, p. 457. Corrected now, thanks, Gog the Mild.
 * Tick.

I will let you come back to me on these before I go any further. Gog the Mild (talk) 16:45, 5 September 2020 (UTC)

 * "Against this backdrop of internal problems and external threats, and following the permanent decline of their former imperial overlords, the possibility of a Fatimid takeover became an increasingly more attractive prospect to the Egyptians." is cited to Welker, p. 136. Looking at the page I can't see any of this, could you assist?
 * Should have been pp. 136-137, but the relevant info does begin at "With a caution..." and ends with "making Baghdad even less important". The context given here checks the following boxes: a) the decline and increasing irrelevance of Baghdad ("the distant and increasingly impotent Abbasids"), b) deterioration of the internal situation ("As economic conditions along the Nile deteriorated"), c) the external threats (Byzantine advance and Qarmatian raids), and d) the increasing appeal of a Fatimid takeover ("many Egyptians wondered if the Fatimids would not be preferable").
 * Tick.

 * "Fatimid propaganda was quick to exploit the Byzantine offensive, contrasting the ineffectiveness of the Ikhshidids and their Abbasid suzerains with the Fatimids, who were fighting with the Byzantines in southern Italy, as vigorous champions of Islam". Similarly. I thought that I must be doing something wrong, but the similar cite - 33 - to ""intended the conquest of Egypt from early in his reign"" is there, as is 33d. Help! Gog the Mild (talk) 11:34, 6 September 2020 (UTC)
 * p. 136: "His propaganda apparatus leaned heavily on the need to bring strong leadership to the jihād against the Byzantines in northern Syria. This was a theme designed to appeal in the east and was something the Abbasids, by implication, were not doing". "By implication", also, the Fatimids were publicly known to be active in the jihad, namely through their wars with the Byzantines. This is only hinted at in p. 136 ("complicated dealings with the Byzantines", rather a euphemism), but I gave the relevant link for clarification. I have now added the relevant passages from Halm's work on the Fatimid offensive in Italy.
 * My bad; not sure how I missed that.

Answered. Constantine  ✍  14:16, 6 September 2020 (UTC)

The sources used all appear to me to be reliable. I am unable to find any other sources which would materially add to the content of the article. The sources referred to seem to support the text cited, insofar as I have checked them. I found no unattributed close paraphrasing. I consider the sources to be current, as these things go. A reasonable mix of perspectives is represented. Everything that I would expect to be cited, is. Gog the Mild (talk) 15:47, 6 September 2020 (UTC)


text:
Portal:Board game design

Part of The Game Design School See also Topic:Board game studies

=Introduction= Welcome to the Department of Board Game Design! Here we seek to create a collaborative learning environment for those interested in Game Design as a potential career path (or just a hobby)!

=Courses=
 * University of Westminster SPIR608 Political Simulation and Gaming

=Parts of the Project= This project is divided into numerous areas of interest.
 * Game Creation Guidelines - An open document that will comprise a set of guidelines for the development of your own board game.
 * Pillars of Game Development - Those ideas considered important - if not essential - to designing a great game.
 * Game Mechanics - This part of the project is an attempt to organize and categorize the many types of game mechanics into an easily searchable reference. Hierarchical and subject-driven searches should be supported.
 * Board Game Design Templates - An effort to standardize basic Game Critique, Playtest Report, and Ruleset formats.
 * Game Critiques - A space for the critique and analysis of existing games, and a place for comments that will improve the community's understanding of game mechanics and design as a whole.
 * Games in Development - Where students post games or rules and seek critiques, advice, and playtesting.
 * Games Archive - Once past their playtesting, games can be left here for the enjoyment of the community at large.

=Online Reading Material=

Wikimedia Articles

 * Game
 * Histories of Games
 * Board Game

Online Texts and Rulesets

 * http://www.tradgames.org.uk/ Traditional Games
 * http://www.gamecabinet.com/ The Game Cabinet
 * http://www.gamesmuseum.uwaterloo.ca/ University of Waterloo Games Museum
 * http://jducoeur.org/game-hist/ Medieval and Renaissance Board Games
 * http://www.chessvariants.com/ The Chess Variant Page
 * http://www.thebiggamehunter.com/ The Big Game Hunter

Web Commentaries and Articles

 * Board Game Studies Journal - the academic side of Board Games.
 * The Journal of Boardgame Design - an intelligent look at game development from a long-time game afficionado.
 * Mike Doyle's Art Play - a look at artistic design in games and their pieces.
 * Board Game Design Forum - a community of game designers.
 * How do I publish my game? - Tom Jolly, of Jolly Games, answers the eternal question.
 * The Games Journal - no longer being published regularly, but still a treasure trove of knowledge.
 * The Centre for Ludic Synergy - A philosophical look at the game as a human activity.

=Offline Reading Material=

Non-Fiction
The above book relates to Transactional Analysis - a counselling term - rather than board games...
 * Berne, Eric, M.D.. Games People Play. Ballantine, 1996. ISBN 0-34-541003-3
 * Carse, James P.. Finite and Infinite Games: A Vision of Life as Play and Possibility. Ballantine, 1987. ISBN 0-34-534184-8
 * Huizinga, Johan. Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture. Beacon Press, 1971 (orig. pub. 1955). ISBN 0-80-704681-7
 * Laver, Michael. Playing Politics. Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-285321-X
 * Tinsman, Brian. The Game Inventor's Guidebook. Krause Publications, 2003. ISBN 0-87349-552-7
 * Levy, Richard C. and Ronald O. Weingartner. The Toy and Game Inventor's Handbook. Alpha. ISBN 1-59257-062-3
 * Orbanes, Philip E. The Game Makers: The Story of Parker Brothers, From Tiddledy Winks to Trivial Pursuit. HBS Press, 2004. ISBN 1-59139-269-1
 * Beasley, John D. The Mathematics of Games. Oxford University Press, 1989.
 * Ellington, Henry; Addinall, Eric; and Percival, Fred. A Handbook of Game Design. Nichols Publishing Co., 1982. ISBN 0-89397-134-0
 * Schuessler, Nick, and Jackson, Steve. Game Design, Volume One: Theory and Practice. Steve Jackson Games, 1981.
 * Zocchi, Lou. How to $ell Your Game Design. Gamescience. Catalog # GS 10404

Fiction

 * Banks, Iain M. The Player of Games. Harper Collins, 1997. ISBN 0-06-105356-2
 * Bayley, Barrington J. The Grand Wheel. Wilside Press, 2005. ISBN 1-59-224120-4
 * Dick, Philip K. The Game-Players of Titan. Ace, 1963. ISBN 0-44-106251-2
 * Hesse, Hermann. The Glass Bead Game (aka Magister Ludi). Vintage Classics. ISBN 0-09-928362-X

title: Portal:Board game design


text:
Zarya, Biysky District, Altai Krai

Zarya (Заря) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Zarinsky Selsoviet, Biysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 970 as of 2013. There are 9 streets.

Geography
Zarya is located 8 km north of Biysk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Studenchesky is the nearest rural locality.

title: Zarya, Biysky District, Altai Krai


text:
User:Trevor MacInnis/Discussion questions

Space
1. Many people believe that time and money would be better spent at home to fight poverty and crime than on the space program. What do you think? How do you think NASA would answer?

2. Why was it so important to the U.S. to get a man on the moon?

3. Astronomer Carl Sagan said "The U.S.'s first mistake was to go to the moon. Its second was not to go back." Why do you think he said this?

4. For many years the "Space Race" was on between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. (now Russia). What were the motivations for competition between the two countries? Why were the Soviets more secretive, not even announcing their missions? Why is there less secrecy now?

5. Why do some spacecraft carry people and others do not? Try to come up with several reasons.

6. Why are spacecraft sent to other planets?

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Space Shuttle project?

8. For 22 years, until 1983, all U.S. astronauts were white males. That year the first female, Sally Ride, and the first person of color, Guy Bluford, flew on the Space Shuttle. Why did NASA use only white, male astronauts between 1961 and 1983? Why did the Russians send a woman into space in 1963, twenty years before the U.S.?

9. How is space travel different today than it was when it started in the 1960's?

10. What is easier about funding space travel now than it was in the 1960's, when it started? What is more difficult?

11. In what ways can space travel help people here on Earth?

12. If you were in charge of the next space mission, where would your craft go and what would it do? Why?


text:
Fire and emergency management/Airport Rescue Fire Fighter/Additional Training Materials

Additional Training Materials

 * [[media:Arff.pdf|DoD Airport Rescue Fire Fighter Lesson Plans]]


text:
garbage man

Alternative forms

 * garbageman

Noun

 * 1)  Someone, usually male, whose job it is to collect refuse from people's homes and take it to be processed.

Synonyms

 * (UK)
 * (UK)
 * (US, Canada)
 * (Australia)
 * (UK)
 * (US, Canada)
 * (US, Canada)
 * See Thesaurus:garbage collector

title: garbage man


text:
Web design qualifications

Can you demonstrate your skills in Web Design to gain a qualification? Learning more about the requirements of the qualification in your country may help you to focus your learning, gather evidence of your learning (or, if you are the facilitator of a Web Design course, it may help you plan your activities and assessments).

Eventually you will find below a list of links to information about Web Design qualifications in different countries. At the moment there is only information about Web design qualifications in Australia.

See also Learning towards a qualification for tips and strategies on managing your learning and gathering evidence towards an official qualification.

What to expect for each qualification
Each qualification page will list all the units of competency that you require for the qualification (and possible electives) together with:

 * a link to the official Unit of Competency document (or your country's equivalent) so you can read the official document yourself!
 * a short description of how these skills will help you (just in case the official document hasn't motivated you to learn!)
 * user-contributed ideas for how you might demonstrate the required skills for each unit (you can verify these with your facilitator if you are learning as part of a formal course).
 * a link to an Evidence Sheet for each unit that you can use to document where you can demonstrate your skills.

Australia

 * ICA40305: Certificate IV in Information Technology (Websites)
 * ICA50605: Diploma in Information Technology (Website Development)

United Kingdom
Subject matter = https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/webdesigner.aspx

title: Web design qualifications


text:
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title: Talk:David Robie


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Teoriia Gvaltu

The result was no consensus. Barkeep49 (talk) 01:04, 16 September 2020 (UTC)

Teoriia Gvaltu

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

No claim to any notability. Fails WP:NMUSIC. Mitte27 (talk) 10:21, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Bands and musicians-related deletion discussions. Mitte27 (talk) 10:21, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Ukraine-related deletion discussions. Mitte27 (talk) 10:21, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

Keep — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rosohin (talk • contribs) 14:59, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Comment No vote from me, just informing other editors coming across this discussion that Rosohin is the creator of the page in question. Wampagranule (talk) 19:03, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Salvio 10:14, 24 August 2020 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Keep It's important information for english wikipedia--Nasul9 (talk) 08:51, 2 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete Not notable. I did a Google search with their native name and couldn't find anything besides databases, retail sites, streaming links, short blurbs about them releasing an album, and blogs. Many sites also copy the biography from uawiki. Even though I don't speak Ukrainian, it was obvious that these are not reliable sources because all of these sites contain only a few sentences. That's not how significant coverage looks like. By the way, we don't keep an article on Wikipedia just because it's "important information" - we keep an article if there are reliable sources. I haven't found any RS. Of course having important information is important alright, but we need reliable sources as well. Sources that aren't PR, databases, social media pages or streaming service entries, and has more coverage other than the verification of their existence or short blurbs. GhostDestroyer100 (talk) 17:43, 30 August 2020 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks,  Sandstein   08:20, 5 September 2020 (UTC)


text:
Kep (National Assembly constituency)

Kep Province (ខេត្តកែប) is one of the 25 constituencies of the National Assembly of Cambodia. It is allocated 1 seat in the National Assembly.

MPs
2023 Cham Prasidh ( CPP)

title: Kep (National Assembly constituency)


text:
emansipoida

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from and adapted with the verbal suffix.

Verb

 * 1)  To emancipate.

title: emansipoida


text:
Apollonius and Philemon

The deacon Apollonius and his convert Philemon were Christian martyrs of the Diocletianic Persecution around 303. Philemon was a famous flute player, mime and actor at Antinoöpolis in Egypt.

Narrative
During the persecution, Philemon dons the deacon's clothes so that, disguised as Apollonius, he could offer the required sacrifice to Jupiter in his stead, and the deacon avoid imprisonment and death. However, just before performing the public sacrifice, Philemon was recognized and declared himself a Christian, and refused to make the sacrifice.

They were brought from Antinoë to Alexandria, and put to death with many others who had become believers in Christ. Their fate was to be bound hand and foot and to be cast into the sea.

Veneration
Their feast day is 8 March. Philemon is the patron saint of dancers. In the Orthodox Church they are commemorated on December 14.

Legacy
The story formed the subject of Philemon Martyr, a play by Jacob Bidermann. Bidermann presents acting as "a potential route to moral and spiritual transformation".

Philemon is a recurring motif in the work of the twentieth-century British artist Albert Houthuesen.

title: Apollonius and Philemon


text:
chiacchierare

Etymology
In part, but cannot be separated from 🇨🇬, which is ultimately from 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to chat
 * 2) to chatter
 * 3) to gossip

title: chiacchierare


text:
engagieren

Etymology
, replacing the verb ending with. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to engage to hire an artist
 * 2)  to get involved, to be involved

title: engagieren


text:
Talk:David López-Zubero

Untitled
David was on the NCAA National Record 800 yard free relay that set am American Record while swimming for UF. He was in the finals of the 200 yard IM all four years in college. After graduation, David earned his Master's degree at Jacksonville University. He is currently a teacher at his high school alma mater, the Bolles School in Jacksonville, Florida. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Stock2269 (talk • contribs) 03:04, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110711081413/http://web.gatorzone.com/swimmingdiving/media/2009/pdf/85_history.pdf to http://web.gatorzone.com/swimmingdiving/media/2009/pdf/85_history.pdf

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title: Talk:David López-Zubero


text:
Mathematics curriculum

In the sense used here, a curriculum is a list of topics that should be covered at each level of education (grade and/or age).

Educational systems around the world differ in terms of how many years of education are compulsory, what grades (or years) correspond to what level of education (primary vs. secondary, for example), and when different topics are covered. Even within a given country or state, different schools may have different standards.

The list below corresponds roughly to the current practice followed by most schools in the United States.

A more detailed list of mathematics terms as used in student's mathematics textbook series is available in WikiEducator.org. K-12math.info (English - Español – Français).

Primary or elementary school level

 * Grade K / Kindergarten (ages 3–6)
 * Counting numbers.

 * Grade 1 (ages 6–7)
 * Adding and subtracting small whole numbers; first concepts of fractions; shapes; measuring objects; telling time using clocks and calendars; counting money using coins.

 * Grade 2 (ages 7–8)
 * Place value to hundreds or thousands; continuing with addition and subtraction; standard units of measurement, including the meter, foot, yard, kilogram, pound and pint; beginnings of multiplication (maybe).

 * Grade 3 (ages 8–9)
 * Basics of multiplication and division of whole numbers; place value to thousands or ten thousands; decimal numbers to tenths.

 * Grade 4 (ages 9–10)
 * Addition and subtraction of fractions and decimals; long division; continuing study of elementary operations using larger whole numbers.

 * Grade 5 (ages 10–11)
 * Continuing with long division; multiplication of fractions and decimals; beginnings of ratios and percents (maybe).

 * Grade 6 (ages 11–12)
 * Multiplication and division of fractions and decimals; exponents; basic properties of circles and polygons; angle measurement in degrees.

Secondary level: middle school and high school
In this section a subject-based approach is taken since students begin to diverge at this point based on interests and ability levels. Note that "middle school" may or may not include grade 6; high school almost always includes grades 9–12.

The remaining grades:
 * Grade 7 (ages 12–13)
 * Grade 8 (ages 13–14)
 * Grade 9 (ages 14–15)
 * Grade 10 (ages 15–16)
 * Grade 11 (ages 16–17)
 * Grade 12 (ages 17–18)

The subjects:
 * Pre-algebra
 * Ratio, proportion and percent; exponents and radicals, including square roots and other roots; extending the number system: integers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, real numbers; factoring whole numbers; formal properties of arithmetic operations (commutativity, associativity, etc.); beginnings of variables and equations.

 * Algebra I
 * Review of basic arithmetic using variables; addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of monomials, polynomials, and rational functions; factoring and simplifying polynomial expressions; solving equations containing monomials, polynomials, and rational functions; properties of exponents and radicals using monomials.

 * Algebra II
 * Functions and relations; arithmetic of functions; composition of functions; graphing functions and relations; graphing polynomial inequalities and inequalities in two variables; the conic sections.

 * Geometry
 * Fundamental properties of lines, angles, triangles, circles, etc..; constructions using straight-edge and compass; using a protractor; parallel lines and transversal; similar triangles and other similar figures; formal proofs of geometrical propositions.

 * Trigonometry
 * Measurement of angles in radians; converting between degrees and radians; arclength; area of a sector of a circle; "solving" triangles given only some of the sides and angles; the six trigonometric functions and their graphs; trigonometric identities.

 * Pre-calculus

 * Calculus
 * Limits; continuity of functions; derivatives; implicit differentiation; simple differential equations; antiderivatives and integrals.

 * Probability and statistics

Reference

 * Wikipedia's Category:Educational years

title: Mathematics curriculum


text:
Scalp Trouble

Scalp Trouble is a 1939 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Bob Clampett. The cartoon was released on June 24, 1939, and stars Porky Pig and Daffy Duck.

Plot
General Daffy is commanding Army Post No. 13 on the frontier, and his troops are a sorry lot. Soldier Porky refuses to get out of his bed—that is, until Daffy comes in and eventually destroys it. Soon a tribe of Indians launches an attack on the post on horseback. Porky sees them approaching, and attempts to awaken the other sleeping soldiers. Among the subsequent gags are: An Indian drinks "fire water" and spits fire, carving an Indian-shaped hole in the front of the fort, then walks through it; a short Indian uses the bow-leg of a taller Indian to shoot arrows; and a soldier shoots over the wall at the enemy, keeping score to the tune of "Ten Little Indians." Porky abandons the cannon for pistols, and soon calls for more bullets. Daffy, loaded down with ammunition and running toward Porky, stumbles, resulting in Daffy swallowing a large quantity of bullets, and begins firing them off through his mouth, uncontrollably. Taking the situation in hand, Porky uses Daffy as a machine gun, finally driving off the Indian invaders, who carve into a hillside, "Yanks Beat Indians 11-3" as they retreat. The battle now concluded, Daffy is relieved, saying, "I'm sure that's glad that's over with." However, Daffy stumbles once again as he walks away, and again begins spitting out bullets uncontrollably, as the cartoon irises out.

Slightly Daffy
Friz Freleng remade the cartoon in Technicolor and was released in June 17, 1944, under the name Slightly Daffy. Unlike the remakes directed by Clampett, the short is mostly a frame-by-frame remake. However, it features new voice recordings, a few new animated scenes, and re-orchestrated music. The Blue Ribbon reissue is approximately 49 seconds shorter than the original cartoon.

The short also reused scenes from other old cartoons, such as Johnny Smith and Poker-Huntas (By Tex Avery) for the first few scenes of the Indians, and The Hardship of Miles Standish (Also by Freleng) for the scene of the Indians firing their bows.

title: Scalp Trouble


text:
User:Prof McCarthy/Matrix similarity

In linear algebra, two n-by-n matrices A and B are called similar if
 * $$B = P^{-1} A P$$

for some invertible n-by-n matrix P. Similar matrices represent the same linear operator under two different bases, with P being the change of basis matrix.

A transformation $$A\mapsto P^{-1} A P$$ is called a similarity transformation or conjugation of the matrix A. In the general linear group, similarity is therefore the same as conjugacy, and similar matrices are also called conjugate; however in a given subgroup H of the general linear group, the notion of conjugacy may be more restrictive than similarity, since it requires that P can be chosen to lie in H.

Change of coordinates
The concept of matrix similarity can also be seen in the change of basis of a linear transformation.

Consider the n×n matrix A that transforms vectors x into vectors X in the n-dimensional vector space V=Rn, that is
 * $$\mathbf{X}=A\mathbf{x},$$

where both vectors x and X are measured relative to the standard coordinate basis e1, e2, ...,  en.

Now let B be an n×n matrix that changes the coordinates so the vectors x and X so they are measured relative to a different set of basis vectors, b1,  b2, ...,  bn.   Let the matrix B  be constructed with bi as its ith column. This matrix is non-singular because its columns form a basis and are therefore linearly independent, which means the inverse of B exists. The components of x and X measured relative to the basis bi, are given by
 * $$ \mathbf{y}=B^{-1}\mathbf{x},\quad\mbox{and}\quad \mathbf{Y}=B^{-1}\mathbf{X}.$$

The transformation A can be defined in the new coordinates by the calculation,
 * $$ \mathbf{Y}=B^{-1}\mathbf{X}=B^{-1}A\mathbf{x}= B^{-1}AB\mathbf{y}, \quad

\mbox{or}\quad\mathbf{Y}=K \mathbf{y}, $$ where
 * $$ K=B^{-1}AB$$

Thus, the matrix K defines the transformation A in the new coordinate basis, and results from a similarity transformation of A.

Eigenvector basis
In this section, it is shown that a matrix A with a linearly independent system of eigenvectors is similar to a diagonal matrix formed from its eigenvalues.

Let A be an n×n linear transformation that has n linearly independent eigenvectors vi, and consider the change of coordinates of A so that it is defined relative to its eigenvector basis.

Recall that the eigenvectors vi of A satisfy the eigenvalue equation,
 * $$ A\mathbf{v}_i=\lambda_i \mathbf{v}_i\quad i=1\ldots, n.$$

Assemble these eigenvectors into the matrix V, which is invertible because these vectors are assumed to be linearly independent. This means the coordinates x and X relative to the basis vi can be computed as,
 * $$\mathbf{y}=V^{-1}\mathbf{x},\quad \mbox{and}\quad \mathbf{Y}=V^{-1}\mathbf{X}.$$

This yields the change of coordinates
 * $$K=V^{-1}AV. $$

To see the effect of this change of coordinates on A, introduce I=VV-1 into the eigenvalue equation
 * $$AV(V^{-1}\mathbf{v}_i)=\lambda_i V(V^{-1} \mathbf{v}_i),$$

and multiply both side by V-1 to obtain
 * $$V^{-1}AV(V^{-1}\mathbf{v}_i)=\lambda_i (V^{-1} \mathbf{v}_i),$$

Notice that
 * $$V^{-1}\mathbf{v}_i=\mathbf{e}_i,$$

which is the natural basis vector. Thus,
 * $$V^{-1}AV\mathbf{e}_i=K\mathbf{e}_i=\lambda_i \mathbf{e}_i,$$

and the matrix K is found to be a diagonal matrix with the eigenvalues λi as its diagonal elements.

This shows that a matrix A with a linearly independent system of eigenvectors is similar to a diagonal matrix formed from its eigenvalues.

Properties
Similarity is an equivalence relation on the space of square matrices.

Similar matrices share any properties that are really properties of the represented linear operator:
 * Rank
 * Characteristic polynomial, and attributes that can be derived from it:
 * Determinant
 * Trace
 * Eigenvalues, and their algebraic multiplicities
 * Geometric multiplicities of eigenvalues (but not the eigenspaces, which are transformed according to the base change matrix P used).
 * Minimal polynomial
 * Elementary divisors, which form a complete set of invariants for similarity
 * Rational canonical form

Because of this, for a given matrix A, one is interested in finding a simple "normal form" B which is similar to A—the study of A then reduces to the study of the simpler matrix B. For example, A is called diagonalizable if it is similar to a diagonal matrix. Not all matrices are diagonalizable, but at least over the complex numbers (or any algebraically closed field), every matrix is similar to a matrix in Jordan form. Neither of these forms is unique (diagonal entries or Jordan blocks may be permuted) so they are not really normal forms; moreover their determination depends on being able to factor the minimal or characteristic polynomial of A (equivalently to find its eigenvalues). The rational canonical form does not have these drawbacks: it exists over any field, is truly unique, and it can be computed using only arithmetic operations in the field; A and B are similar if and only if they have the same rational canonical form. The rational canonical form is determined by the elementary divisors of A; these can be immediately read off from a matrix in Jordan form, but they can also be determined directly for any matrix by computing the Smith normal form, over the ring of polynomials, of the matrix (with polynomial entries) $XI_{n} − A$ (the same one whose determinant defines the characteristic polynomial). Note that this Smith normal form is not a normal form of A itself; moreover it is not similar to $XI_{n} − A$ either, but obtained from the latter by left and right multiplications by different invertible matrices (with polynomial entries).

title: User:Prof McCarthy/Matrix similarity


text:
Wikipedia talk:Bots/Requests for approval/FA RotBot

Flag?
this account doesn't need a bot flag does it? — xaosflux  Talk 14:36, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Not really. It's been given the bot flag on the tool interface.— CYBERPOWER  ( Chat ) 14:48, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks! — xaosflux  Talk 14:53, 19 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Dave Hodge

Description
I feel "analyst" should be added to Hodge's description in the opening line - e.g. "Dave Hodge (born 1945, in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian sports announcer and analyst who currently works for TSN". Hodge has not announced games for many years (possibly not at all since joining TSN) and his current work with the network has been purely of a host/analytical nature - That's Hockey, The Reporters, the NHL on TSN panel, etc. Yellowjournalism (talk) 03:43, 12 November 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dave Hodge


text:
Talk:List of works titled after Shakespeare

Suggestions
Nevermind, I just saw it was phrases. <IP_ADDRESS> 01:13, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

I would like to see this page modified in several ways. I'll wait a week or so for comments, then get started if there are no objections. Matchups 17:32, 2 April 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Alphabetize titles within each play
 * 2) In larger sections, create subsections for each play
 * 3) Include context for each quotation. For example, "But in that sleep of death What Dreams May Come must give us pause."
 * 4) Include wiki links for all titles and authors

 * The context for the quotations should ideally be given, especially as some of them are rather mutilated (By Any Other Name comes to mind), and it would also help to root out quotations that aren't Shakespeare at all. There does seem to be a danger of losing the film/book/Star Trek episode title in the context though, e.g.

 * "...whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of Outrageous Fortune (film), or to take arms against a sea of troubles," movie written by Leslie Dixon

 * Wouldn't it be more concise just to give the line and scene numbers in parentheses after the title? H AM Welsh-flag x44.png 09:34, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I would very much like to see a section on this or one of the other wikipedia shakespeare pages that has a discussion or at least a list of plays which are based on shakespeare (not just their titles), ie rozencrantz and guildenstern are dead by tom stoppard, goodnight desdemonona, Macbett by Ionesco. (<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:06, 12 March 2009 (UTC))

Split
I recently posted a similar tag on the Shakespeare on screen page. In that discussion, we agreed that many of the works had enough items listed to justify a separate article. I just think this page could benefit in a similar way. Wrad 00:14, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

 * It's been 11 months with no action or serious discussion to split. I'm removing split-multiple.  davidwr/  (talk)/(contribs)/(e-mail)  01:57, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

Query...
I've seen one or two suggestions that "There will be blood" is a Shakespearian title, coming possibly from Macbeth or Titus Andronicus, but I don't know either play well enough to say - anyone confirm/deny? Grutness...wha?  23:48, 29 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Macbeth has the line "It will have blood; they say, blood will have blood" (III.4). Gildir (talk) 17:24, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

Band names?
I can think of a few bands whose names derive from Shakespeare (Titus Andronicus, This Mortal Coil, A Hawk and a Hacksaw, et al.) Should they go in the Music section or another page entirely? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Isquitenice (talk • contribs) 19:41, 8 November 2012 (UTC)
 * It might be stretching the definition of "(art)works" a bit. I'd say go for it and create a separate article... Ham 09:29, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

Good riddance
I'm adding the media listed on the dab Good riddance. Though unlikely to be recognized as a literary reference now, it was first attested in Troilus & Cressida, so I think we have to consider it a Shakespearean coinage absent other evidence. --BDD (talk) 13:57, 25 September 2014 (UTC)

Translated phrases
As far as I could see, the list is limited to English language examples. I couldn't find anything (in article or on talk page) saying this is intentional. So I'll ask here: May we add titles of non-English works taken from translations of Shakespeare phrases? (Shakespeare is so universal that a lot of translated quotations have become idioms in other languages as well). ---Sluzzelin talk  11:36, 12 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Good question. I'm not sure I have an immediate opinion on that. This is English language Wikipedia, which suggests being restrictive; but on the other hand our scope is global, which suggests including them. Perhaps a separate section for foreign works? Or maybe there are so many they need their own article? --Xover (talk) 11:40, 12 October 2019 (UTC)
 * I don't know how many there would be, and I'd only be interested in adding those works with their own article (despite there being plenty of listed English language examples without an article). What prompted my question was not finding Ostalo je ćutanje on the list. I did notice, now, at least one non-English example, but it's listed in its English back-translation (which is also the article's lemma): The Rest Is Silence (1959 film) (originally Der Rest its Schweigen). I suspect there won't be enough items for a separate article, but I really have no idea yet. ---Sluzzelin talk  12:55, 12 October 2019 (UTC)

Section organization
Wouldn't lookup in this list be easier by Shakespeare work than by medium? The focus is on the Shakespearean work, not the medium. czar 00:39, 17 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Makes sense to me ... medium could remain as secondary dimension of organising the list. ---Sluzzelin talk  00:54, 17 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Done but needs some cleanup czar  19:19, 6 May 2022 (UTC)


text:
Fish Licence

The Fish Licence is a sketch from Series 2 Episode 10 (Scott of the Antarctic) of the popular British television series, Monty Python's Flying Circus. It first aired on 1 December 1970.

Eric Praline (John Cleese) is a put-upon customer who seeks to obtain a licence for his pet halibut, Eric, although he has difficulty explaining to the clerk (Michael Palin) how all pets should be licensed. The clerk repeatedly calls Praline a "loony", to which Praline angrily replies by naming famous people who kept odd pets. Praline even produces "a dog licence with the word 'dog' crossed out and 'cat' written in crayon", and explains that the man in the "Ministry of Housinge" cat detector van (a parody of the TV detector van) didn't have the right form. All in all, the pets Praline mentions are:
 * Eric the fish (an halibut)
 * Eric the dog
 * Eric the cat
 * Eric the fruit bat
 * Eric the Half Bee (in the version from Monty Python's Previous Record)

In response to the clerk's assurance that there is no such thing as (and no need for) a fish licence, Praline requests a statement to that fact signed by the Lord Mayor. The superhumanly tall Lord Mayor (Graham Chapman), with full regalia and city council entourage, enters the office and hands a thunderstuck Praline the signed statement. An announcer (also Cleese) reverently narrates the exchange, ending by saying that Praline has "gone spare". The sketch then segues to the Lord Mayor and city council members playing a rugby match against the New Zealand All Blacks.

In the version of the sketch on Monty Python's Previous Record, instead of asking for a statement from the Lord Mayor, Praline asks for a bee licence, which leads to the song "Eric the Half-a-Bee".

Trivia

 * This is one of several appearances by Eric Praline. Some others are the Dead Parrot sketch and an appearance as a link the 5th episode of the second series, "Live from the Grill-o-Mat", where he announces he will appear later in the show. He then comes in a few minutes as Inspector Praline in the Crunchy Frog sketch.
 * OpenBSD's 3.5 release contained a parody track of both the Fish Licence sketch and the song "Eric the Half a Bee", titled "CARP Licence and Redundancy Must Be Free".

title: Fish Licence