text:
Direct current/Semiconductors

Semiconductors are materials which conduct electricity only in one direction, as a result of their chemical properties. In the chemical elements which comprised the semiconductors the gap between non-conducting and conducting band is less than of insulators, but much bigger than of conductors. That's why in their pure state their conductivity is relatively low. The examples of those elements are Silicon, Germanium, and some other elements with valence of 4.
 * The conductivity of those elements can be drastically increased by adding some impurities to them. This process is called doping. The results of this process are n-type and p-type semiconductors

N-type semiconductors
In order to increase the number of conductance band, or "free" electrons in the pure silicon (or any element of valence 4), a pentavalent atoms, such as arsenic (As), phosphorus (p), bismuth(Bi), and antimony (Sb) are added. Each pentavalent atom forms covalent bonds with 4-valent atom, and the 5th electron remains free. So the atom of the pentavalent element is called a donor atom.

The electrical conductivity of pure Germanium or Silicon can be drastically increased by the addition of impurity material in the ratio of 1 atom per 10 million atoms of germanium. The escaping of the electron from the atoms leaves a bound positive charge which cannot move. Recombination does not take place because of the shielding effect of the remaining electrons. Current flow through N type material is due primarily to the donated free electrons, so that they are called the majority current carriers. The holes are termed as the minority current carriers, since the current flow in the valence energy band is very small.

P-type semiconductors
To increase the number of "holes" in a pure silicon or another four-valent element, a trivalent impurity is added. A covalent bond is formed and one hole is expected to receive an electron. The atom of a trivalent material is called an acceptor atom.

The Diode
Both in n-type and p-type materials the number of protons and electrons are equal, so the materials by themselves are electrically neutral. But the piece of silicon (ar nay 4 valent element) can be doped so that on one side it is p type, and on other it is n type. P region has many free holes, and n region has many free electrons. But after a while when an energy is applied the electrons and holes start to drift between the regions, and some electric field forms. To get over it we need some potential. The barrier potential of a pn junction is approximately 0.7 v for Silicon, and 0.3 v for Germanium.

Biasing the diode
To make a diode work, we need to apply voltage to it. To bias a diode we need a DC voltage.

Forward Bias
Is a condition which lets the current through the pn junction. In this case, +voltage is applied to the P region of the diode, and -voltage is applied to the N region of the diode. Because the similar charges repel the negative side pushed free electrons so, that they are found in abundance on the N region. Such a flow of free electrons is called an electron current

Reverse Bias
Is an arrangement which does not allow the flow of electrons through the diode. It happens when -Voltage is applied to P, +Voltage is applied to N.

School
School:Electronic Engineering

title: Direct current/Semiconductors


text:
Talk:DWTD

"DWTD" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect DWTD. The discussion is happening right now at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 August 16 until a consensus is confirmed, and anyone, which includes you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. Seventyfiveyears at 13:43, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:DWTD


text:
Wikiversity:Wikiversity Local Live

= Wikiversity Local Live =

Introduction
The idea of Wikiversity is akin to the Age of Enlightenment. The personal computer and fast networking has put vast power into the hands of people.

Part of the “real” University experience is camaraderie with real people, face to face.

The idea behind 'Wikiversity Local Live' is for meeting times and places to be made available for participants in safe and accepted “public” community spaces. This can be thought of as a local Wikipedia club. The benefit is camaraderie, which is one of the primary reasons students still pay a premium to go to an actual college. Wikiversity needs such an element to bring together people in the same way as a bricks and mortar university.

Think of it as a Homebrew Computer Club except for any topic of study.

For instance, meetings could occur at local public library meeting rooms, coffee shops, community centers, and perhaps actual public colleges and universities where permissible.

Part of the school experience is sharing knowledge and experiences, and friendship in person. Wikiversity Local Live adds this important element.

Where and How

 * Public Library Meeting Rooms
 * Often free for non-profit groups
 * Coffee Shops
 * Public Meeting Spaces
 * Park meeting spaces
 * Community Centers
 * Public University and College Meeting Rooms
 * Where allowable

Benefits
'Wikiversity Local Live' has many benefits. As the Age of Enlightenment created an explosion in knowledge sharing and the arts, Wikiversity shall create an even greater expansion. Many Academic endeavors require many people to collaborate in a real life setting. Musicians and actors work in groups. Physical scientists often each other during real experiments. Artists frequently work on large public projects that require groups to gather to produce the art.

Groups can be all different or all similar. It would be better to have heterogeneous groups as it would allow for the most diversity unless the meetings grew too large in which case groups could hold multiple meetings in similar locations. This permits a participant to engage in discussions with any group.

--User:Dr-now 16:10, 6 September 2006 (UTC)Dr-now

Meeting Locations, Dates, and Times Below
Below are meeting locations, dates, and times, with links to pages for groups containing information about each group. Please add your own pages. Note, only safe and public meeting spaces should be considered. This is important for large cities, however, there are many of these spaces in existence such as public library meeting rooms.

North America
Cranbrook Schools

title: Wikiversity:Wikiversity Local Live


text:
Jana Boušková

Jana Boušková (born 27 September 1970) is a Czech harpist and pedagogue. She has been the principal harpist of the Czech Philharmonic since 2005. Boušková is also a professor at the Royal College of Music in London since 2019, the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague since 2007, and she was the harp teacher at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels from 2005 to 2020.

Early life and education
Jana Boušková was born in Prague on 27 September 1970. She is the daughter of flutist Jiří Boušek and harpist Libuše Váchalová. She began playing the harp at a young age and gave her first recital when she was seven years old.

Boušková attended the Prague Conservatory and the University of Ostrava, where she studied under her mother. She graduated from the University of Ostrava in 1998, after years of distance learning. She recalled in 2017 that her mother was more demanding of her than other students, and that retrospectively, she is grateful to her for this. She also attended classes given by Alice Giles in Bayreuth, and studied under Susann McDonald at Indiana University Bloomington on a Fulbright scholarship.

Music career
Boušková won the Maria Damm Rensch Prize at the first USA International Harp Competition in 1989. Three years later, she won the gold medal at the second USA International Harp Competition. She later became the official soloist of the harp maker Lyon & Healy and plays the Lyon & Healy Style 30 concert harp that she received as a prize for winning the second USA International Harp Competition. Also in 1992, Boušková took second place at the eleventh Israel International Harp Competition. She won first prize at the Grand Prix Concours International de Musique de Chambre de Paris in 1998 and the Torneo Internazionale di Musica in 1999. Boušková also received the Czech Republic's 1996 Talent of the Year Award and the 2002 Czech Music Council Award, in recognition of her representation of Czechs on the international stage.

As a soloist, Boušková has performed with the Czech Philharmonic, the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, and the MDR Leipzig Radio Symphony Orchestra, among others. She was chosen to premiere Sergiu Natra's Sonata in One Movement in 1999. Other works Boušková has premiered include Ravi Shankar's Sonata for Cello and Harp, alongside Mstislav Rostropovich, and Benjamin Yusupov's Concerto for Flute, Violin, Viola, Harp and Orchestra, alongside Maxim Vengerov and others.

Boušková was harp professor at the Prague Conservatory from 1993 to 2012. In 2005, she became professor at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels and the Erasmus Brussels University of Applied Sciences and Arts. She was appointed professor at the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague in 2007 and took up the role of professor at the Royal College of Music in London in 2019. She has also taught at Indiana University Bloomington and the Geneva University of Music.

Personal life
Boušková is married to Jiří Kubita, a violinist with the Czech Philharmonic. As of 2010, the couple have two sons, and both children play the violin.

Selected discography
Boušková has contributed to numerous recordings for Czech and international record labels. The following list is compiled from her official website.
 * Zvěrokruh, 1992. ARTA Records, No.: F1 0030-2
 * Flöte und Harfe, 1992. Preiser Records, No.: PR 90154
 * Czechoslovak Chamber Orchestra Live in Concert, 1993. Antiphona, No.: AA0008-2231
 * Jana Boušková Harp Recital, 1993. Bohemia Music 1991, No.: BM 0002-2131
 * Jana Boušková Harp, 1993. Panton Records, No.: 81 1228-2031
 * Dona nobis pacem, 1994. Český rozhlas Ostrava, No.: UHL 002-2 231
 * Jan Ladislav Dusík, 1994. Panton Records, No.: 81 1289-2 131
 * Prague Salon at the Nostitz Palace (Harp Recital), 1994. Alfea a Pragokoncert, No.: 584006 – 2 111
 * Concertino II, 1995. PolyGram, No.: 454 146-2
 * Jana Boušková plays works by J. F. Fischer, 1995. Panton Records, No.: 81 1290-2 131
 * Jan Křtitel Krumpholtz – Concertos for Harp and Orchestra 1, 1996. Clarton, No.: CQ 0018-2 031
 * Emil Viklický – Homage to Josip Plečnik, 1996. Lotus, No.: LT 0036 – 2 131
 * Hindemith, 1996. Chandos Records, No.: Chan 9457
 * Snění, 1997. Supraphon, No.: SU 3368-2 231
 * Ai in Praha, 1997. Sony Music Entertainment, No.: KSC4 901
 * Balady, 1997. Forte + Vydavatelství bratří Nedvědů, No.: FOR 0009-2311
 * Jan Křtitel Krumpholtz – Concertos for Harp and Orchestra 2, 1997. Clarton, No.: CQ 0029-2 031
 * Rodolphe Kreutzer Six Nocturnes, 1997. Gramofonové závody Loděnice, No.: L1 0323-2 131
 * Jana Boušková plays Virtuoso Encores, 1998–2003. Panton Records, Bonton Music, Supraphon, No.: 71 0526-2
 * Kouzelné housle, 1999. Supraphon, No.: SU 3418-2 031
 * Solos for harp, 1999. Supraphon, No.: SU 3430-2 131
 * Harfenkonzerte, 1999. Ebs Records, No.: ebs 6085
 * International Music Festival Český Krumlov, 1999. Auviex, No.: AE 0019-2 031
 * Prague Holiday, 2001. Octavia Records, No.: OVCL-00050
 * Zpívání o lásce (Moravské lidové písně), 2001. Supraphon, No.: SU 5359-2 731
 * Paul Freeman Introduces Exotic Concertos, 2002. Albany Records, No.: B000QWOB2A
 * Romance, 2003. Octavia Records, No.: OVCC-00059
 * ZIPANG meets Boušková in Prague, 2003. Octavia Records, No.: OVCC-0149
 * Flûte & Harpe, 2003. Scam/Syrius, No.: SYR 141351
 * Otomar Kvěch, 2003. Radioservis ve spolupráci s OSA a Život umělce
 * French Chamber Music, 2004. EMI Music Germany, No.: 5 57798 2
 * Album lásky, 2004. Supraphon, No.: SU 3768-2 031
 * A la fantasia, 2005. Octavia Records, No.: OVCC-00008
 * Contemporary Czech Masterpieces Jan F. Fischer, 2005. Triga, No. Tri 0010-2031
 * Bohuslav Martinů Chamber Music with Viola, 2008. Supraphon, No.: SU 3952-2
 * Spannungen, 2008. Avi-Service for music, Deutschlandradio, No.: 8553100
 * Vánoční zpěvy a koledy, 2008. Radioservis, No.: CR 0433-2
 * Umění milovati, 2010. Clarton, No.: CQ 0086-2
 * Dvořák – Schumann – Reinmann (Spannungen), 2010. Avi-Service for music, Deutschlandradio, No.: 8553207
 * Foerster / The Complete String Quartets, 2010. Supraphon, No.: SU 4050-2
 * Winds & Strings, 2011. Avi-Service for music, Deutschlandradio, No.:8553261

title: Jana Boušková


text:
Marion Patterson

Marion Patterson GM (nee Chalmers; 1911–1993 ) was a Scottish fire warden during World War II. She was awarded the George Medal for helping to save sailors trapped in the rubble of a bombed building. Her medal was presented by King George VI at Buckingham Palace.

Life
Marion Chalmers was born in Aberdeen, Scotland, on 26 August 1911. From 1919 to 1939 she lived in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. In August 1939, she, her husband (Guthrie Armour Patterson, born 29 January 1904 in Dundee, Scotland) and son (Douglas Patterson, born 8 October 1932 in Toronto), moved back to Aberdeen.

After the Second World War broke out Patterson enlisted as an Ambulance Driver. In October 1942, she became a Senior Fire Guard for the Civil Defence Service in Aberdeen.

She died on 14 August 1993 in Toronto

Recognition for bravery
On 7 August 1942, while on duty, Patterson was helping to extinguish a burning building when she heard cries for help coming from under some walls that had collapsed. She managed to get to the sailor who was trapped below and free him. He was too weak to help. A rope was lowered through the damaged walls and she was able to tie the rope around the sailor’s waist and with help got him out of the burning building. The building collapsed less than a minute later.

On 4 December 1942, after the incident was written up in the London Gazette, she received an invitation to attend Buckingham Palace on 12 February 1943 to receive a presentation of the George Medal by King George VI. Patterson was the first street fire-guard to win a medal while engaged in fire duties. As part of the award, she was also selected for portraiture in a special section of the National Gallery of England set aside for heroes and heroines of the Blitz. Patterson was also invited to be a guest at Balmoral Castle for the remainder of her life.

The Scottish artist Robert Sivell was commissioned by King George VI to paint Patterson’s portrait. Patterson attended Buckingham Place again for the presentation of the portrait. The original was hung in the National Gallery, London and was displayed in a special wing for Heroes and Heroines of the 1939-1945 War.

Patterson also received two replicas of the portrait and a sketch in black and white. One replica is in the Ottawa Canadian War Museum and was on display as part of the Women At War exhibit at the museum in 1985. Patterson’s medals and the sketch are now kept in Aberdeen Art Gallery.

title: Marion Patterson


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/realcountry.podomatic.com

Links

 * realcountry.podomatic.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 17 additions.


text:
処女

Etymology
From. >.

Originally referred in Japanese to a woman in a house ( ie ni iru onna), more specifically to an unmarried woman.

Noun

 * 1) unmarried woman
 * 2) female virgin female who has not had sexual experience
 * 3) woman's virginity
 * 4)  one's first foray into; maiden
 * 1)  one's first foray into; maiden
 * 1)  one's first foray into; maiden
 * 1)  one's first foray into; maiden
 * 1)  one's first foray into; maiden

title: 処女


text:
Wikipedia:Help desk/Archives/2017 September 16

= September 16 =

submit draft
Hello How do I submit a draft?

Thanks

thompsonjj — Preceding unsigned comment added by Thompsonjj (talk • contribs) 01:10, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Place  at the top of the draft. Eagleash (talk) 02:57, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Editing my page
Hello, someone has continuously posted information about me and pictures of me that I do not want on my page. I have tried to edit them and it said my page is protected. I was wondering what I can do to get control of my own Wikipedia page or at least be able to have a say in what goes on there thank you — Preceding unsigned comment added by Astevens502 (talk • contribs) 02:59, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Hello; please do not refer to the page as 'yours'. It is Wikipedia's page about you and is based on what has been written about you in independent third party reliable sources. Wikipedia is not a form of social media such as Facebook etc. where individuals can post information about themselves with no verification. Having said that, you can post requests for changes to be made to the article at its talk page but you must provide sources to back up the changes you request. Please also read WP:COI and make the appropriate disclosures. It is very important that you do this and you should not edit in connection with the article until you have done so. Sorry we cannot be of more help. Thank you. Eagleash (talk) 03:11, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * 1) It is not "your page", it is an article about you.
 * 2) It would be grossly inappropriate for you to try to get control of this article (again, this is NOT "my own Wikipedia page", this is an encyclopedia article about you written by other people, drawing on published reliable sources.
 * 3) If you believe an article about you is actually inaccurate, or biased (as opposed to "I don't like it"), there are several avenues for you to discuss these issues with Wikipedia's editorial community; see Wikipedia:Contact us - Subjects. -- Orange Mike |  Talk  03:23, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Thomas's London Day Schools
In the "Royal connections" section - I have failed to add a file (pic). Please help fix. I did my best. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:14, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

But as a 'thumb', the image is a little on the large side. Eagleash (talk) 03:21, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Find A Grave
Can Find A Grave (findagrave.com) be used as a reliable source? For example, it is used to verify the years of birth and death of three people in the first paragraph of this subsection of an article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_Gentry#Troy_Gentry. 2605:A000:FFC0:D8:D8E:D6F3:A7EA:C247 (talk) 05:22, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

 * See the advice at WP:External links/Perennial websites. --David Biddulph (talk) 05:53, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Thanks. 2605:A000:FFC0:D8:D8E:D6F3:A7EA:C247 (talk) 06:14, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Thomas's London Day Schools
Ref number 3 is tagged as a dead URL. I have just added - ref number 4 - a url that seems ok. Please check. The line at the end of the history section refers to what the population of a school will be in 2012. Shouldn't a Wikipedia editor remove that line because it is now 2017? This page is seen by many prospective parents and it doesn't make sense to say: "in 2012 a school should have a population of..." Please advise. Thanks again and I am doing my best here. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:19, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * This line at the end of the "history" section - "The school is expected to grow from Reception upwards up to 400 pupils by 2012" - seems out of date in 2017. What do you guys think? Thanks again.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:27, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I've removed that sentence since the prediction is no longer in the references provided. It could be restored in a modified form if we can find an archive.    D b f i r s   06:55, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

<IP_ADDRESS>, you are edit warring in the article with an extremely experienced editor. Stop it. You need to discuss your concerns on the article's talk page. 2605:A000:FFC0:D8:D8E:D6F3:A7EA:C247 (talk) 06:40, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * In fairness, the edits by the IP (Srbernadette logged out?) could not really be considered edit warring. They have been their usual good faith attempts to improve the article and have left summaries asking if their edits are OK. On at least one occasion they've been silently reverted by a more experienced editor. Eagleash (talk) 05:14, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

New user landing page
The new WP:New user landing page feature is broken, and its semi-protected talk page is not helpful. When I click on a red link I want so see why and when  a page was deleted. I'm not interested in Teahouse spam, and typing  is hard. –<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:52, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * It's part of Autoconfirmed article creation trial, announced at Village pump (technical). You can discuss it at Wikipedia talk:Autoconfirmed article creation trial. I have posted to Wikipedia talk:Autoconfirmed article creation trial. PrimeHunter (talk) 11:27, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * By the way, you can enter Special:Log in the search box and then type the page name in the "Target" field. In the desktop site you can click "Special pages" under "Tools" in the left pane, and then click "Logs" under "Recent changes and logs". But all these methods are hard to find. PrimeHunter (talk) 11:33, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit
Can I Edit A Semi-Protected Edit ? When there is a big wrong in that ?--Sanjesh Manivel (talk) 13:52, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * If you're talking about editing a semi-protected page, the proper procedure for that is found at WP:EDITREQ. P p p er y 14:16, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Some pages have special rules for semi-protected pages like if for example like me I'm not an autoconfirmed user yet it will not allow me to edit that page but if you do have the user right like "Autoconfirmed" then yes you may edit a Semi-protected page; so long its not vandalism.  S. Little  talk  17:01, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Portal:Holy Roman Empire/Article management
Hello, how come there is an extra space in each of the two brackets after the green and red dot icons?--Hubon (talk) 17:14, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * There was a stray space between two 'switch' statements. I also removed German variants of color names (the template was probably copied from German Wikipedia). Ruslik_ Zero 18:49, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks a lot!--Hubon (talk) 19:37, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Metroid Article Vandalism
At the top of the Article for Metroid I am seeing a banner with the following text, which cannot be removed through simple editing of an article. It states the following, and blocks all but a tiny sliver of the page from being readable at any given time on my Android phone:

(BLP allegation removed, WP:OVERSIGHT requested - Tigraan Click here to contact me 09:30, 18 September 2017 (UTC))

This must be investigated, and whomever had access to alter the page in such a fashion should have their permissions PERMANENTLY REVOKED. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:23, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

 * I've had a look at it but more experienced editors like the Developers will need to look at this. I can't see any template or text in the source edit which has those comments etc. It does seem like major vandalism but don't know how to revert it as vandalism.  S. Little  talk  17:27, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * It was a temaplate, now reverted, protection requested. Crow  Caw  17:37, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Just observed the same at Affricate consonant briefly. -- Trɔpʏliʊm • blah 20:21, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Is this vandalism from Template:Vanchor? — Preceding unsigned comment added by TradeJackLandSim (talk • contribs) 01:05, 17 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes. The vandalism has been removed from public view in the page history. Automatic updating of pages using a template sometimes takes a while. Purging a given page will force an immediate update. PrimeHunter (talk) 08:51, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

Preview Wikipedia Entry from Bing Search Results
Bryant Wright is the senior pastor of Johnson Ferry Baptist Church. When I search his name on Bing, the automatic preview Wikipedia entry appears to the right of the search results with an image of a criminal. I updated the Wikipedia page to include an image of the church, but the Bing search results are still showing the criminal's image in the default Wikipedia link. What do I need to do to ensure the criminal's picture does not appear as part of Bryant Wright's preview Wikipedia entry on the search results? Is there a way for your team to remove the criminal's image? Appreciate your consideration and assistance with my questions. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:CD:4104:1DB0:35B4:26A2:139E:4585 (talk) 18:58, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately, we have no control over where Bing pulls their sidebar data from. The sidebar at the bottom shows they pulled data from 3 places, including Wisconsin's Arrest records. There's a "feedback" link in that sidebar, perhaps a comment there? Crow  Caw  19:15, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes, it is not a "Wikipedia entry". See also Template:HD/Bing for a stock reply to similar posts. Many people are fooled by this and similar features at Google and Yahoo. PrimeHunter (talk) 19:44, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

Category problem
I don't know why but in the article Aachen, there is somehow transcluded the Category:Municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia, which, however, is in fact redundant since there is already the more appropriate Category:Cities in North Rhine-Westphalia. So how can I remove the former?--Hubon (talk) 19:42, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * As far as I can tell, neither is a sub-cat of the other. Eagleash (talk) 21:05, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The category is added as a default by Infobox German location. I have changed it with  [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aachen&diff=prev&oldid=800975290] which adds "Category:Cities in ..." instead so that category is now added twice. This is allowed but otherwise the direct category addition could be removed. PrimeHunter (talk) 22:19, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your support! I'm not quite sure what you mean by "that category is now added twice" though, since I see this category listed only once in the category bar. Or did I misunderstand you there?--Hubon (talk) 17:24, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * It's added twice by the article (once by the infobox and once at the bottom of the source) but it's only listed once in the rendered page so there is no problem. PrimeHunter (talk) 18:11, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

Add portal icon
Hello, since there is no icon for the template link to Portal:Holy Roman Empire yet, I would like to use for that purpose. Unfortunately, I couldn't quite figure out how to do that. Would somebody like to give me some assistance? Warmly--Hubon (talk) 19:59, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * It appears to be done in Module:Portal/images/h which is mainly edited by User:Buaidh and has a talk page redirecting to Template talk:Portal. PrimeHunter (talk) 22:31, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Does this work for you? Yours aye,  Buaidh  04:32, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

 * That's just perfect and exactly what I wanted – thank you so much!!! Best wishes--Hubon (talk) 19:28, 17 September 2017 (UTC)
 * PS: One last thing: I just had a look at Aachen Cathedral and saw that the position of the icon you added is a little lower than the one of the other portals' icons within the portal strip. Is this something you could harmonize, in addition?--Hubon (talk) 19:35, 17 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Actually all the icons line up, but the Reichskrone.jpg image appears lower because it is square and has white space at the top. Yours aye, Buaidh  19:50, 17 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Oh, I see! Then thanks a lot for your assistance once again. Warmly, --Hubon (talk) 17:26, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

One more...
Would you do one more for me? I'd like to have as icon for Portal:Medieval Britain... Best wishes--Hubon (talk) 18:27, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

 * ✅ -- John of Reading (talk) 19:08, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

How to call Wikidata qualifier value
I am working with Template:Ordination and would like to have the value of a qualifier called as the value for a parameter. For example, on the Pope Francis article, I would like the  parameter to call the value of "point in time" (27 June 1992) from the "consecration" value under the "significant event" property on the associated Wikidata page. The same would be done by  except for the "point in time" value under "orindation". Does anyone know how to do this?  Ergo Sum  20:26, 16 September 2017 (UTC)

How can I format automatic counting
How can I for automatic counting for two different things at the same time. There is a Support and Oppose thing happening and I can use the # function to count one of them. Is there a way I can format it so that two different counts can be simotanously done? Thanks, Einar aka Carptrash (talk) 21:41, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * This is not possible when the supports and opposes are mixed in the same list. Some discussions have separate support and oppose sections. PrimeHunter (talk) 22:23, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Well, I could probably code up a module to do this ... P p p er y 22:57, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I did consider saying "There is no practical way to do this". I don't support this solution or others I can think of like making the whole list a big template call. PrimeHunter (talk) 23:05, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Don't claim something is impossible, lest users like me will try to disprove you. P p p er y 23:08, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. If we allow impractical solutions then we could also make site-wide JavaScript to rewrite the list after loading, at least for users with JavaScript. But some things create more problems than they solve. PrimeHunter (talk) 23:54, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks folks, as tempted as I am to try the impractical, impossible solution, I just divided the list into For & Against and ran two counts. Carptrash (talk) 00:11, 17 September 2017 (UTC)
 * ...especially since it doesn't seem to be possible without either waiting for mw:Extension:TemplateStyles, using JavaScript as above, or relying on deprecated HTML. P p p er y 13:24, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

Move draft to become public
Hi. I have just uploaded my first contribution but as a draft. I would like to move it to become public and visible to everyone. Please can you let me know how i can do this?

Thank you, Danielle Copperman — Preceding unsigned comment added by Dcopperman (talk • contribs) 22:33, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Hi, welcome to Wikipedia. At the outset, I'll strongly suggest that you give a good exhaustive read to our conflict of interest guidelines before attempting to edit the draft article. Some other pages that would assist you significantly in understanding Wikipedia are as follows: Five pillars, Core content policies and Notability. Having said that, I'll try and give your draft a look over this weekend. Thanks.  Lourdes  03:06, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Note: Page deleted via speedy, as promotional Eagleash (talk) 18:21, 17 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
apetit

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) urge
 * 2) appetite, hunger desire to eat food or consume drink

Etymology
. First known attestation 1180.

Noun

 * 1) appetite (desire; want)
 * 2) appetite (feeling of hunger or desire for food)

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) appetite

Etymology
From, from , from , from +.

Noun

 * 1) appetite

title: apetit


text:
User:Christine withers

Christine_withers
I am a student studying reproductive biology Hons. at the University of Edinburgh.

My example citation.
I read an interesting article on the BBC news site about the Bombardier tax ruling.

My example list.
Things I like:
 * Reading
 * Watching films
 * Studying reproductive biology

title: User:Christine withers


text:
West Ottawa SC

West Ottawa Soccer Club was a Canadian women's semi-professional soccer club based in Kanata, Ontario, just west of Ottawa that competed in the women's division League1 Ontario. The club continues to operate as a youth club.

History
The club was founded in 2010 as a youth soccer club when local clubs Goulbourn Soccer Club and Kanata Soccer Club decided to merge to form the West Ottawa Soccer Club.

The club joined the women's division of League1 Ontario for the 2017 season becoming the first team in the league from Ottawa. They played their first match against Vaughan Azzurri losing 2-1. They left the league following the 2018 season.

In 2017, the club formed a partnership with Major League Soccer club Montreal Impact’s Academy, becoming the first club from Ontario to partner with them.

Seasons
Women

Notable former players
The following players have either played at the professional or international level, either before or after playing for the League1 Ontario team: • 🇨🇦 Clarissa Larisey

• 🇨🇦 Vanessa Gilles

title: West Ottawa SC


text:
Proletarka

Proletarka (Пролетарка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Proletarsky Selsoviet, Altaysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 165 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Proletarka is located 20 km south of Altayskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rudnik is the nearest rural locality.

title: Proletarka


text:
Richard Berry Harrison

Richard Berry Harrison (September 28, 1864 – March 14, 1935) was an actor, teacher, dramatic reader and lecturer. His parents escaped slavery and settled in Canada. He performed from a young age, studied acting in Detroit, Michigan, and became a dramatic reader and actor in the United States. He was featured on the cover of TIME magazine on March 4, 1935.

Biography

Harrison's parents escaped slavery through the Underground Railroad. Harrison was born in London, Canada West, on September 28, 1864, the eldest of five siblings. His mother named him Richard after seeing a performance of Shakespeare's Richard III. Her interest in theatre placed Harrison on the way to becoming an actor. In his youth, he worked selling newspapers, and managed to work near a local theatre where he would try to get to know the actors. Whenever he saved enough money he would attend the plays. His talents were recognized early in recitations that he would give at school and in church.

After moving to Detroit, he began his dramatic studies at the Detroit Training School of Dramatic Art, and privately with British drama coach Edward Weitzel, drama editor for the Detroit Free Press. From 1892 to 1896, Harrison traveled the U.S., performing as a dramatic reader. Harrison's repertoire included works from Shakespeare and poetry from his friend Paul Laurence Dunbar, including promotional tours for Dunbar's book Oak and Ivy.

He married Gertrude Janet Washington in 1895. She was the first Black person to graduate from the Chicago Conservatory of Music. They had two children, Lawrence Gilbert and Marian Ysobel. He has descendent family members in Kansas City, Missouri and throughout the Kansas City metro area.

Harrison was booked by the New York Federation of Churches, a lyceum that included 1,600 churches.

Harrison became extremely well known after playing "de Lawd" in more than 1,650 performances of Marc Connelly's play, The Green Pastures, which opened on Broadway on February 26, 1930. The show ran for 16 months, then went on tour, appearing in more than 203 cities and towns (including his hometown of London, Ontario, at the Grand Theatre), and later won a Pulitzer Prize for Drama for playwright Connelly in 1931.

He taught elocution and dramatics courses at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College, Branch Normal College (University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas), and Flipper-Key College in Oklahoma.

Harrison died of heart failure in New York City, on March 14, 1935, ten days after he was featured on the cover of TIME magazine. He was buried at Lincoln Cemetery in Blue Island, Illinois.

Accolades

 * Received the NAACP's 1931 Spingarn Medal for Distinguished Achievement.
 * On his 70th birthday in 1934, he was awarded an honorary Master of Arts degree from Howard University and honorary doctorate degrees in Dramatic Literature from North Carolina Agriculture and Technical College and Lincoln University, and he became the first actor ever to be awarded the Sigma Society Key from Boston University. He had shaken the hands of mayors and received congratulatory telegrams from 14 university presidents and seven governors, was praised by many religious leaders for his performance and was awarded an inscribed Bible from the Clergy Club of New York City.
 * A public library in Raleigh, North Carolina, founded by Mollie Huston Lee, was named after Harrison in 1935. In today's Richard B. Harrison Library is also the Richard B. Harrison Community Auditorium.
 * Richard B. Harrison High School is named after Harrison, located at Elm, Noble and McHaney Streets in (Selma NC), Blytheville, Arkansas.
 * Richard B. Harrison Gymnasium on Noble Street in Selma, North Carolina, North Carolina, former site of Richard B. Harrison High School. Richared B. harrison Alumni Association purchased former Agriculture building as community facility.
 * Harrison has also received honorary degrees from many U.S. colleges and universities.
 * Due largely to the efforts of documentary filmmaker/ historian Chris Doty, in 2003 an interpretive historical plaque was erected in a London, Ontario, park named in Harrison's honour at the foot of Clarence Street, near where Harrison's childhood home was before it was torched in a race-related incident, hours after the Harrison family moved to Detroit, Michigan, circa 1880. (Harrison's childhood home was located on Wellington Street (west side) immediately north of the Thames River.)
 * In 2006, the Richard B. Harrison Auditorium was completed at the North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University (NC A&T).
 * The North Carolina Agriculture and Technical State University's theater company is named after him.
 * In 2015 the Harrison Park Square Senior Residence was dedicated to him in Newark, NJ.

title: Richard Berry Harrison


text:
MediaWiki:Log-description-spamblacklist

These events track spam blacklist hits. Please note, blocked links may contain malicious content. See also Special:Log/abusefilterblockeddomainhit.

title: MediaWiki:Log-description-spamblacklist


text:
Frank Westheimer

Frank Henry Westheimer (January 15, 1912 – April 14, 2007) was an American chemist. He taught at the University of Chicago from 1936 to 1954, and at Harvard University from 1953 to 1983, becoming the Morris Loeb Professor of Chemistry in 1960, and Professor Emeritus in 1983. The Westheimer medal was established in his honor in 2002.

Westheimer did pioneering work in physical organic chemistry, applying techniques from physical to organic chemistry and integrating the two fields. He explored the mechanisms of chemical and enzymatic reactions, and made fundamental theoretical advances.

Westheimer worked with John Gamble Kirkwood on the Bjerrum electrostatic analysis of carboxylic acids; with Joseph Edward Mayer on the calculation of molecular mechanics; explored the mechanisms of enzyme catalysis with Birgit Vennesland and determined the mechanisms of chromic acid oxidations and kinetic isotope effects.

He received the National Medal of Science in 1986 "For his series of extraordinary, original and penetrating investigations of the mechanisms of organic and enzymic reactions, which have played an unequaled role in the advancement of our knowledge of the ways in which chemical and biochemical processes proceed."

Early life and education
Frank Henry Westheimer was born on January 15, 1912, to Henry F. Westheimer (1870–1960) and Carrie C (Burgunder) Westheimer (1887–1972) of Baltimore, Maryland.

He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1932. He went on to Harvard University, where he earned his masters in chemistry in 1933 and his doctorate in chemistry in 1935.

Westheimer came to Harvard hoping to do research with James Bryant Conant. When told that Conant would not take on new students, Westheimer outwaited him and was finally accepted as his last graduate student. Westheimer did some work on semicarbazone at Conant's suggestion. Conant also suggested that Westheimer work during the summer with Alsoph Corwin at Johns Hopkins University. By doing porphyrin synthesis with Corwin, Westheimer gained needed laboratory experience.

In 1933, Conant became president of Harvard in 1933 and ceased doing research. Nonetheless, Conant's interactions with Westheimer had a lasting effect, impressing Westheimer with the need "to do important things".

"'The notion that Conant essentially was saying, 'Well, that problem is all right, but good God, you can do better,' was very important to me. From then on, I tried to ask myself about problems, whether they were really worth the investment of time.'"

Westheimer completed his Ph.D. with E.P. Kohler. Although Westheimer described Kohler's organic chemistry class as "marvelous", Kohler gave Westheimer little direction or feedback about his research, which was largely self-directed. Another of Kohler's students, Max Tishler, expanded upon some of Westheimer's research, leading to a co-publication on the derivation of a furanol.

In 1935 and 1936, as a National Research Council Fellow, Westheimer worked with physical chemist Louis P. Hammett at Columbia University. Hammett was a founder of the field of physical organic chemistry.

Career
Westheimer taught at the University of Chicago from 1936 to 1954, and at Harvard University from 1953 to 1983. He served as chairman of the chemistry department at Harvard from 1959 to 1962. He became the Morris Loeb Professor of Chemistry at Harvard in 1960. He retired from teaching to become Professor Emeritus in 1983, and retired from research in 1988.

University of Chicago
Westheimer's first academic appointment was an independent Research Associateship at the University of Chicago, from 1936 to 1937. He became an instructor in 1937 and a Professor in 1948. As a lecturer in chemistry he taught the university's first course in physical organic chemistry.

During Westheimer's second year at Chicago, John Gamble Kirkwood taught there. Westheimer worked with Kirkwood on problems in organic chemistry involving electrostatics. Westheimer related electrostatics to their effects on the properties of organic compounds. Kirkwood and Westheimer published four classical papers developing fundamental ideas in enzymology about the theory of the electrostatic influence of substituents on the dissociation constants of organic acids. They developed a Bjerrum electrostatic analysis of carboxylic acids. Their Kirkwood-Westheimer model for an ellipsoid cavity reconciles the work of Niels Bjerrum on dibasic acids with that of Arnold Eucken on dipole substituted acids, showing that they could coexist in the same physical world. Elaborations and fuller testing of their ideas have required forty years and the development of computers.

During World War II, from 1943 to 1945, Westheimer worked for the National Defense Research Committee. He was a supervisor at the Explosives Research Laboratory in Bruceton, Pennsylvania. He did research on nitric acid, discovering a new acidity function for nitration reactions. He hesitated to discuss his work on the triphenyl carbinol series with physical chemists because of the secrecy requirements of the project. Other researchers such as Christopher Ingold were first to publish in the area.

Westheimer was also influenced by the development of statistical mechanics by physicists Joseph Edward Mayer and Maria Goeppert-Mayer, who moved to the University of Chicago in 1945. Westheimer applied the principles of statistical mechanics to the structure of organic molecules, to better understand the ways in which molecules are assembled from atoms. Westheimer first consulted Mayer about applying techniques from statistical mechanics to the racemization of optically active biphenyls. All of his calculations were worked out by hand. The work became a model for studies of other elements and is considered foundational. The field of molecular mechanics, as it is now known, has wide applications.

In 1943, Westheimer began publishing on the mechanisms of chromic acid oxidations, publishing a "masterly review" of the area in 1949.

In 1950, University of Chicago biochemist Birgit Vennesland approached Westheimer about a project she and her student Harvey Fisher were doing, involving isotopes in enzyme reactions. Vennesland had developed a project involving the fate of hydrogen atoms in alcohol dehydrogenase. Vennesland and Fisher's results were puzzling in that a specific hydrogen in the pair at C1 in ethanol appeared to be uniquely reactive in the presence of the enzyme. Westheimer joined the project and helped develop an explanation based on the idea of enantiotopicity to explain how the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase removed hydrogen from the alcohol molecule, enabling the body to metabolize alcohol. The researchers published two classic papers in 1953, "the first demonstration of the enzymatic discrimination between the two enantiotopic hydrogen atoms on the methylene carbon atom of ethanol." The phenomenon they reported was not named enantiospecificity until much later. Westheimer designed additional experiments that proved their initial conjecture and established the isotope-based chirality of enzymes. This work was essential to understanding topicity, the enantiotopic and diastereotopic relationships between groups (or atoms) within molecules. In 2006, their 1953 paper (part I) received a Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award from the Division of the History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society.

Harvard University
In 1953, soon after completing the work on alcohol dehydrogenase, Westheimer moved to Harvard University. He continued his interest in reaction mechanisms, isotopes and oxidation. In 1955, Westheimer published the first of many articles on the chemistry of phosphate esters and phosphorus derivatives.

He proposed that ATP transfers phosphate through a reactive monomeric metaphosphate species. While this did not turn out to be the literal case, many enzymic reactions do proceed through transition states that have this as a significant component.

In a 1961 article, Westheimer applied ideas from statistical mechanics to the effects of isotopic substitution on the reactivity of organic molecules. His work on the magnitude of kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) is still the basis of understanding in the field. Transition state structure's dependence on the kinetic isotope effect is known as the Westheimer Effect. The standard nontunnelling approach to KIEs is developed from Westheimer and Lars Melander. The Melander-Westheimer postulate has successfully predicted the ways in which KIEs and transition state (TS) structures vary. Westheimer introduced the idea of photoaffinity labeling of the active site of proteins. The identification of the "active sites" of an enzyme is difficult in cases where proteins have hydrocarbon-rich sites. In 1962, Westheimer and others demonstrated the synthesis of p-nitrophenyl diazoacetate and the subsequent acylation of chymotrypsin to form diazoacetylchymotrypsin, which was then photolyzed. The introduction of an aliphatic diazo group into a bifunctional reagent enabled it to react with the enzyme. The photolabel generated a reactive carbenoid species capable of inserting into hydrocarbon C-H bonds.

Westheimer also approached the reactions of phosphate transfer through mechanisms that involve five-coordinate intermediates. In 1968, Westheimer examined pseudorotation in phosphate ester chemistry and predicted the occurrence of pseudo-rotation of oxyphosphoranes. He showed the significance of this route and the importance of stereochemical rearrangements of the intermediates. Westheimer developed a set of guidelines, based on experimental observations, also known as Westheimer's rules. They have been widely used for describing and predicting the products and stereochemistry of substitution reactions involving phosphorus.

Westheimer's 1987 paper in Science, "Why nature chose phosphates", discusses the importance of phosphates as signaling and building blocks for living organisms. Phosphates possess a value of pKa that allows them to be doubly ionized at physiological pH. The singly ionized form in the phosphodiester linkages of nucleic acids resists being hydrolyzed by water, but is not so stable that it won't undergo enzymatic hydrolysis. This work continues to challenge and inspire researchers studying biological chemistry and reactions in RNA, DNA, and ribozymes.

Awards and honors
Westheimer became a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1954, a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1976, and a foreign member of the Royal Society of London in 1983.

He chaired the National Academy of Sciences Committee for the Survey of Chemistry from 1964 to 1965. Chemistry: Opportunities and Needs, also known as the "Westheimer Report", encouraged the federal government to increase spending on fundamental research in chemistry, to achieve parity with other physical sciences. It identified biochemistry as a promising and overlooked area for medical and pharmaceutical research. The report's recommendations were implemented, and it is still considered to be "comprehensive, definitive, and forward-looking".

Westheimer was a member of President Lyndon Johnson's science advisory committee from 1967 to 1970.

Westheimer served on the Council of the National Academy of Sciences for two terms, from 1973 to 1975 and 1976-1978, as well as being a Councillor of the American Philosophical Society (1981-1984), and Secretary of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1985-1990).

As well as emphasizing the need for fundamental research, Westheimer was concerned about other political issues. He argued against wars in Vietnam and Iraq. He was aware of environmental issues, supporting measures to decrease pollution, combat global warming, increase energy conservation, and develop alternative energy sources. He advocated that science needed to be taught in new ways, to better educate nonscientists about scientific issues.

Among Westheimer's many honors are the U.S. National Academy Award in Chemical Sciences in 1980, the Robert A. Welch Foundation Award in 1982, the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement in 1981, the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1986, the Priestley Medal in 1988; the Repligen Award for the Chemistry of Biological Processes in 1992; and the Nakanishi Prize in 1997.

"'Over a span of four decades, Westheimer repeatedly demonstrated an ability to take up a fundamental scientific problem — one that appeared either insoluble or very difficult — and to solve it in an elegant and completely definitive way... He enjoyed going on to new challenges more than exploiting the large new areas that he had opened up.' Elias James Corey, 2007"

The Westheimer medal was established in his honor in 2002. The medal is awarded by Harvard University "for distinguished research into the field of chemistry", particularly in the areas of organic and biological chemistry.

Family
Frank H. Westheimer was married in 1937 to Jeanne E. Friedman. They had two children, Ellen Westheimer and Ruth Susan Westheimer.

title: Frank Westheimer


text:
Talk:David Lodge (author)

Author, Author
I made some edits and additions to a page which used to refer to Lodge's 2004 novel called Author, Author. Where has it gone? When a user attempts a wiki search for the page in question, he is directed to a disambiguation page which lists several articles with the title "Author, Author". But the one which used to point to the page about the novel points back to the same disambiguation page. Furthermore, of the many other pages which link to the now-missing page, none can reach the article about the novel. It is somehow lost in hyperspace. Can anyone figure out what has happened to the article about Lodge's 2004 novel? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Greg jinkerson (talk • contribs) 16:05, 2 January 2007 (UTC).

Ph. D.
Hello.

What are the references of his Ph. D. ? At least the subject, if it was not published?

--AUBRIANT (talk) 08:14, 9 December 2011 (UTC)

 * I found this and much more on page 15 of David Lodge: How far can you go? by Merritt Moseley. In 1959 he got an MA from University College, London, for his 700-page thesis on the Catholic novel, which he claims was in part responsible for the introduction of a word limit on MA theses at the university. In 1967 Birmingham University gave him a PhD for his book Language of Fiction (appeared 1966). Hans Adler 12:50, 9 December 2011 (UTC)

 * I have just thought of look at this page. Thanks for your informations. --AUBRIANT (talk) 18:13, 12 December 2011 (UTC)

Reference Harkness Fellowship
Hello.

The given evidence is "Smith, etc....". But David Lodge himself wrote about this period of his life in the "Afterword" for The BM is falling down, Penguin edition, 1980. It's a little funny, to quote an author who probably took the fact from Lodge, and not to quote the original source.

If you need other evidences about Lodge, read the French page which is now much more developped than the English one (but you should also sometimes read David Lodge's books !).

Cordially.

--LODGESEARCH (talk) 10:08, 7 February 2012 (UTC)

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title: Talk:David Lodge (author)


text:
Talk:Denis Tuohy

More content?
This is the place to suggest content, rather than adding directly to the article about you. David notMD (talk) 18:40, 12 April 2019 (UTC)

Roman Catholic category
Hi, I had added the category category:Roman Catholics from Northern Ireland to the Denis Tuohy article because one of the things he's notable for is being the first Catholic BBC broadcaster in Northern Ireland; before him, the BBC had an unwritten "no Catholics" policy but his interviewers decided to hire him without informing their superior that Tuohy was Catholic. Do you think that's sufficient to re-add him to the category? Cheers, gnu 57 10:00, 15 April 2019 (UTC)

 * Hi . The relevant policy is WP:BLPCAT, which states "Categories regarding religious beliefs (or lack of such) or sexual orientation should not be used unless the subject has publicly self-identified with the belief (or lack of such) or orientation in question, and the subject's beliefs or sexual orientation are relevant to their public life or notability, according to reliable published sources." (My emphasis added). I quickly scanned the article on first noticing the addition of the category and missed the relevant sentence - I just knew Tuohy as a broadcaster and wasn't aware of his religion.  Personally I think it's a borderline case - it was one event and his notability doesn't derive from it - but I've no objection to you re-adding it. Bastun Ėġáḍβáś₮ŭŃ! 12:33, 15 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Alright, sounds good, thanks. I think I'll hold off on re-adding the category until I've fleshed out that part of the text. Cheers, gnu 57 14:58, 15 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Denis Tuohy


text:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church

The COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020 has significantly impacted liturgical celebrations of the Catholic Church worldwide. The Pontifical Foundation Aid to the Church in Need (ACN) stated that the pandemic has become not "just a medical, social and economic problem, but also a pastoral problem", which led ACN to start encouraging a special program for the actions of priests and religious against the virus spread.

Public masses
In March 2020, all public Masses were suspended in Vatican City and Italy due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These suspensions began in late-February in the Archdioceses of Milan and Venice and were extended to the rest of the Italian peninsula on 8 March. Setting an example for churches unable to celebrate public Masses due to the lockdown, Pope Francis began livestreaming daily Mass from his residence at Domus Sanctae Marthae on 9 March. Outside Italy, Mass in cities around the world were suspended in the days that followed. At the height of the outbreak in Italy, on 27 March, Pope Francis imparted the Urbi et Orbi blessing, normally reserved for Christmas and Easter, from an empty Saint Peter's Square following a prayer for the health of all the world. For the prayer service, Francis brought the crucifix from San Marcello al Corso which had processed through the streets of Rome during the miraculous plague cure of 1522. The prayer service concluded with Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, as church bells were rung and sirens blared across Rome. The spread of COVID-19 soon slowed in Italy, and public Masses were allowed to resume on 18 May, with Pope Francis celebrating his last daily live-stream Mass and first public Mass since the lockdown on the centenary of the birth of Pope John Paul II.

All over the world, many churches have suspended the presence of the faithful in their Masses, and resorted to virtual services for broadcasting the celebrations, such as live streaming or other ones, like television and radio. The Vatican announced that the Holy Week celebrations in Rome, which take place at the end of Lent—Christian penitential period—would be canceled. Some dioceses ordered their churches to be closed to the public, while in other dioceses, such as the Archdiocese of New York, although they canceled the Masses, their churches remained open for prayer. In Spain, many cities canceled their Holy Week festivities. This event is usually celebrated with parades and significant collections with tourism; in Seville, it was the first time that events were canceled since 1933. Due to the interruption of several Catholic religious activities (if not their totality), Pope Francis greatly encouraged the prayer of the Holy Rosary.

Commentary on vaccine
On February 26, 2021, the Archdiocese of New Orleans issued a statement calling the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine "morally compromised," as it uses an abortion-derived cell line in vaccine production. According to The Washington Post, the Catholic Church have embraced the COVID-19 vaccines, and that "Catholic religious leaders across the United States are supporting coronavirus vaccination". On January 10, 2022, Pope Francis issued a statement on COVID-19 vaccines. He stated that COVID-19 vaccination was a "moral obligation" and denounced "how people had been swayed by 'baseless information' to refuse one of the most effective measures to save lives".

Impact on finances
The 2020 fiscal report for the Vatican showed a decrease in revenue of about 50%, but the Institute for the Works of Religion contributed more income. Expenses were reduced by $3.88 million. The Vatican also planned to increase their liquid capital in response to market uncertainty in order to avoid selling Church assets in unfavorable market conditions.


text:
Kevin Drake

Kevin Drake (born March 26, 1979) is an American musician, who is best known for being one of the original touring guitarists in the rock band Thirty Seconds to Mars.

He grew up in Los Angeles, California, and started playing piano around five years of age. At 10, he started learning the guitar. He now plays multiple instruments and works with music production.

He was originally the bassist for Thirty Seconds to Mars, but was eventually brought on as an additional guitarist in 2001. Drake was only in Thirty Seconds to Mars for a little over a year, and left the band primarily due to touring issues.

He later went on to join a band called Dillusion, with Preston Moronie (a member of Hyper Crush) and Jason Evigan (singer for After Midnight Project).

title: Kevin Drake


text:
Talk:David Wright (British diplomat)

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Bressaucourt

Bressaucourt is a former municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipality of Bressaucourt merged into the municipality of Fontenais.

History
Bressaucourt is first mentioned in 1139 as Bersalcurt.

Geography
Before the merger, Bressaucourt had a total area of 9.5 km2. Of this area, 3.98 km2 or 41.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 5.11 km2 or 53.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.4 km2 or 4.2% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km2 or 0.2% is either rivers or lakes and 0.01 km2 or 0.1% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.9%. Out of the forested land, 50.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 21.6% is used for growing crops and 13.9% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops and 5.0% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

The former municipality is located in the Porrentruy district, on the French border.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure, two Bugle-horns Or Strings interlaced Gules, on a Chief Argent a Dog Gules.

Demographics
Bressaucourt has a population (as of 2010) of 416. , 6.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 6.1%. Migration accounted for 2.5%, while births and deaths accounted for 2.3%.

Most of the population speaks French (333 or 89.5%) as their first language, German is the second most common (29 or 7.8%) and Italian is the third (2 or 0.5%).

, the population was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. The population was made up of 189 Swiss men (45.3% of the population) and 17 (4.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 204 Swiss women (48.9%) and 7 (1.7%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 127 or about 34.1% were born in Bressaucourt and lived there in 2000. There were 122 or 32.8% who were born in the same canton, while 68 or 18.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 51 or 13.7% were born outside of Switzerland.

, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 28.5% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 58.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.4%.

, there were 153 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 172 married individuals, 28 widows or widowers and 19 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 148 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 43 households that consist of only one person and 17 households with five or more people. , a total of 141 apartments (89.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 11 apartments (7.0%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (3.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 9.6 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 3.37%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SPS which received 50% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (18.37%), the CVP (17.69%) and the SVP (12.24%). In the federal election, a total of 150 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 51.0%.

Economy
, Bressaucourt had an unemployment rate of 1.2%. , there were 20 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 9 businesses involved in this sector. 12 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 11 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 8 businesses in this sector. There were 172 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 47.7% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 36. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 15, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 12 of which 6 or (50.0%) were in manufacturing and 6 (50.0%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 9. In the tertiary sector; 3 or 33.3% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was in a hotel or restaurant, 2 or 22.2% were in education.

, there were 9 workers who commuted into the municipality and 135 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 15.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 7.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 73.3% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 251 or 67.5% were Roman Catholic, while 62 or 16.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church, and there were 8 individuals (or about 2.15% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Islamic. There were 2 individuals who were Buddhist. 38 (or about 10.22% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 13 individuals (or about 3.49% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Bressaucourt about 118 or (31.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 41 or (11.0%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 41 who completed tertiary schooling, 43.9% were Swiss men, 41.5% were Swiss women, 12.2% were non-Swiss men.

The Canton of Jura school system provides two year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school followed by some form of Tertiary school or they may enter an apprenticeship.

During the 2009-10 school year, there were no students attending school in Bressaucourt.

, there were 2 students in Bressaucourt who came from another municipality, while 35 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Bressaucourt


text:
Talk:Davood Azad

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title: Talk:Davood Azad


text:
Talk:waives

I was under the impression that waives was also an obsolete plural of "waif", but have searched far and wide and can find no citation supporting that use. Cheers! bd2412 T 21:59, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:waives


text:
East Coast Trail

The East Coast Trail (ECT) is a long-distance coastal footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is a developed trail over 336 km long, creation of which began in 1994. It is made up of 25 linked wilderness paths and passes through more than 30 communities. It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and is extended and improved yearly.

Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail follows the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean. The path passes through many small coastal outports (villages) in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula. The trail runs from Topsail Beach, north to Cape St. Francis, then south through St. John's, and continues south as far as Cappahayden. It is intended that the trail will eventually be extended to Trepassey in the south and across to Placentia in the west (from Ferryland).

The trail also passes several National historic sites, including Signal Hill, St. John's, Cape Spear, the easternmost point in North America (ignoring Greenland), and Ferryland, the site of the 17th-century Colony of Avalon. It also passes through La Manche and Chance Cove Provincial Parks. There are seasonal views of icebergs, birds, whales, other marine and plant life, and eight historic lighthouses along the path. The individual sections of the trail range in hiking time from a few hours to a full day; there are some designated camping spots along the trail, though most walkers use local accommodation.

History
The Trail officially began in 1994 "when a group of hiking enthusiasts started the construction of a coastal trail" that would make use of existing traditional trails that linked local communities along the coast of the Avalon Peninsula. By the end of 1994, the volunteers had constructed the first 25 km of the trail, north and south of St. John's. The following year the East Coast Trail Association was incorporated and it was subsequently registered as a charity. By 1996, the Trail had grown to 125 km and had reached and restored "The Spout", a natural geyser and major attraction at the centre of the Trail. The initial plan "was to build and maintain" a long distance coastal footpath from Topsail Beach to Trepassey and in 1997 the Association obtained funds from the Federal Government to develop this 220 km trail. In September 2001, 212 km of the trail was officially opened from Fort Amherst in St. John's to Cappahayden in the south and the East Coast Trail Association had grown to 700 members. Subsequently, the route was extended north from St. John's. The last section between Topsail Beach and Portugal Cove was opened with upgraded trails and signage in 2020.

The final goal is "540 km of coastal and inland trail", which will include the completion of the trail between Capperhayden and Treppassey, and side trails from Ferryland, namely the 90 kilometres D'Iberville Trail, crossing the Avalon Wilderness Reserve from Ferryland to Placentia, connecting Lord Baltimore's Colony of Avalon to Castle Hill, Placentia and the 30 kilometres Masterless Men Path, an inland route stretching all the way to the Butterpot, linking Ferryland and Renews.

The D'Iberville Trail is named after the French explorer and soldier Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville. The Masterless Men trail takes its name from "a legendary outlaw society (fl late 18th, early 19th centuries ... [of] men escaping press gangs, Royal Navy deserters and runaway indentured servants from Newfoundland fishing plantations who fled inland to escape their harsh life. ... said to have inhabited the wild Butter Pot barrens of the Avalon Peninsula".

Route
The 25 paths of the East Coast Trail are broken down into three main sections: North of St. John's; St. John's to La Manche and the southern end from La Manche to Cappahayden. All timings below are for a one-way hike.

Topsail Beach to St John's
The northern end of the trail follows the south coast of Conception Bay as far as Cape St. Francis and then turns south. Although the paths on the northern end are close to St. John's and its suburbs, they traverse wilderness clifftop plateaus and involve many steep climbs, some requiring the use of fixed ropes.

Long Shore Path (Topsail Beach - Portugal Cove) A 17.2 km moderate to difficult path that takes 6 to 8 hours. This path has been opened and is scheduled for completion by August 2020. It passes through St. Thomas, St. Philips, and Beachy Cove. Regular ferry service to Bell Island from Portugal Cove.

Piccos Ridge Path (Portugal Cove - Bauline) A 14.5-kilometre (9.0 mi) strenuous hike on high, open ground, of 7–8 hours. This path is considered undeveloped with minimal structures. The path has been cut and signed. There are long stretches of exposed trail so caution is advised. Exercise caution in all areas, especially on the steep north slope of Black Cliff.

White Horse Path 18.2 km (Bauline - Cape St. Francis) A 17.5 km strenuous hike, 8–10 hours. This is still an undeveloped path with steep ascents and descents and wetland crossings, so caution is advised. Wilderness Patch Brook campsite.

Biscan Cove Path (Cape St. Francis - Pouch Cove) A 7.3 km hike, of moderate difficulty, about 2–4 hours. The route can be challenging with steep hills.

Stiles Cove Path (Pouch Cove - Flatrock) A 15.1 km hike of moderate difficulty. It takes 5–7 hours to complete. There are various access point. Swimming and picnic areas.

Father Troy's Trail (Flatrock - Torbay) An 8.7 km easy hike, 2–4 hours, that follows the old cart road between the two communities and is "one of the few old roads on the Avalon to have retained its pre-automotive character". It features a stony beach, Tappers Cove wharf and mural and the Beamer, a rock formation. There is a less difficult inland alternatives at Church Cove.

Silver Mine Head Path 3.8 km (Torbay - Outer Cove)

A 2.4 km easy hike, of 1–2 hours. Features Middle Cove beach park and views to Torbay point and Flatrock.

Cobblers Path (Outer Cove to Logy Bay)

A 8.2 km hike of moderate difficulty, that takes 3–4 hours. It is a popular, partially boarded hike that features "The Cobbler" (a five finger-like rock formation), the remains of a Pinetree Line radar station and seasonal whale watching. Sugarloaf Path (Logy Bay - Quidi Vidi Village) A 8.9 km hike that is at times difficult and takes 3–5 hours. It has varied terrain and features Sugarloaf Head and dramatic cliff face rock formations. It also provides view of St. John's and Quidi Vidi. A short section skirts the edge of the St. John's city dump where trees full of windblown plastic debris are known as the "Plastic Forest".

City of St. John's: Quidi Vidi to Fort Amherst The official ECT map shows a route through St John's via Cuckold's Cove, Cabot Tower, Signal Hill and The North Head Trail to The Battery. In addition The Grand Concourse Trailway system offers a choice of possible routes to Downtown St John's. From St John's to Fort Amherst, the ECT map again offers guidance. The route goes around the harbour, with a short-cut across a bridge across from the Railway Coastal Museum. Amongst the attraction's found in St John's are boat trips to view icebergs, and whales; The Rooms; Quidi Vidi Lake; Memorial University's Botanical Garden; the Johnson Geo Centre, a geological interpretation centre located on Signal Hill; historic Downtown, including the Basilica, St John's and Anglican Cathedral, St John's. There is also the Grand Concourse's extensive network of hiking trails within the city, and around its lakes, along its rivers, and through other open spaces.

St John's to La Manche
The middle section follows long, remote sections of coastline, the most easterly coast of North America, intersection a few towns such as Bay Bulls along Route 10, known as the Irish Loop, because the communities were mainly sealed by Irish immigrants.

Deadmans Bay Path (Fort Amherst - Blackhead) A 10.6 km moderate to difficult route that takes 5–8 hours. There are path features side trails that can increase distance and time. There are steep ascents and descents. The route passes the Fort Amherst lighthouse, the former settlement of Freshwater, and a barachois with remains of the Vasco d'Orey shipwreck. The Nature Conservancy of Canada has a reserve at Freshwater. There are also seasonal swimming holes, berry grounds and bird nesting views. There are side trails to this path from Shea Heights and the Cape Spear Road.

Cape Spear Path (Blackhead - Maddox Cove) A 9.3 km path of moderate difficulty that takes 4–6 hours. The trail includes side trails. The path varies in terrain and features a nature conservancy area, Cape Spear National Historic Site, a lighthouse, a museum, and whale watching. The lighthouse Cape Spear is Newfoundland and Labrador's oldest surviving lighthouse and "has been restored to its 1839 appearance and visitors are able to see what it would have been like for a lighthouse keeper and his family to live there in the mid-19th century". (See also the Blackhead Path a 3.7 km path between the small community of Blackhead and Cape Spear, that is easy to moderate in difficulty. It takes 1–2 hours to complete. The path is very exposed to the weather so caution is advised. Cabot Tower can be seen across the sea and the path ends at Cape Spear National Historic Site with its historic lighthouse).

Motion Path (Petty Harbour - Shoal Bay Road) Walk through the two communities to the start in Petty Harbour. A 13.5 km that is moderate to difficult. It takes 7–9 hours. There are steep ascents and descents on this "wild and exposed coastal trail". A 6.3 km access path along Shoal Bay Road from the highway.

Spout Path (Shoal Bay Road - Bay Bulls) This path marks the halfway pint of the East Coast Trail. It is a 16.3 km long and hilly path that is difficult to strenuous. It takes 5–8 hours. The path passes the Spout, a geyser, historic lighthouses, waterfalls, sea cliffs and sea stacks. The trail can be accessed via Shoal Road (6.4 km) from the highway, but is otherwise remote with no "bailout" points. Mickeleens Path (Bay Bulls - Witless Bay) A 7.3 km walk of easy to moderate difficulty that takes 2–4 hours. The terrain varies from woods, meadows and cliffs. The seabird islands of the Witless Bay Ecological Reserve, such as Gull Island and Pee Pee Island, can be seen. The Reserve contains North America´s largest Atlantic puffin colony. and the world's second-largest colony of Leach's storm-petrels. There are red sandstone cliffs, and views of coves, sea stacks, gulches. In season there are boat trips from Witless Bay and Bay Bulls to view icebergs, whales, and the seabird colonies on the island's offshore.

Beaches Path 7.1 km (Witless Bay - Mobile) An easy 7.0 km hike, taking 2–3 hours. It is a shoreline walk with mild elevation changes and there are a picnic area, and Mobile Beach. Witless Bay Ecological Reserve lies offshore.

Tinkers Point Path 5.0 km (Mobile - Tors Cove) A 5.1 km easy hike that takes 2–3 hours. There is beach access, picnicking, and seasonal bird and whale watching. La Manche Village Path (Tors Cove - La Manche Village) A 6.4 km, easy hike that takes 2–3 hours. It is a relatively flat path though the woods that passes through the La Manche Provincial Park, 50 m across a suspension bridge at the site of the abandoned village site of La Manche, a small fishing community which was abandoned and resettled following the destruction from hurricane waves in 1966. The storm destroyed the village and an earlier suspension bridge which had linked the community with Bauline East. and, offshore, the islands of the Witless Bay Ecological Reserve can be seen. A 1.4 km access trail through the park from Highway 10 connects to the southern end of the path.

La Manche to Cappahayden
The southern end of the East Coast Trail runs along remote headlands punctuated by long, narrow fjord-like bays with outport communities at their head. Some roadwalking is required within outports between the wildnerness coastlines.

Flamber Head Path (La Manche Village - Brigus South) A 11.5 km, moderate to difficult route that takes 6–9 hours. There is waterfalls and wilderness camping and seabird and seasonal whale watching. A 1.4 km access trail from the highway.

Brigus Head Path (Brigus South - Admirals Cove) This 6.5 km route is of moderate difficulty and takes 2–4 hours. It features Hares Ears rock formation at Hares Ears Point.

Cape Broyle Head Path 19.4 km (Cape Broyle – Calvert) A 18.3 km long route that is difficult to strenuous and takes 6–8 hours. A hilly hike has stream crossings. It features a sandy beach, twisted rock formation, campsite and views of Ferryland's lighthouse.

Caplin Bay Path 5.6 km (Calvert - Ferryland) A 5.2 km easy hike of 2–3 hours. A wooded walk with meadows and a section of elevated, old railroad track, and beaches and ocean views. There are side trails to Ferryland harbour and lighthouse. It passes close to the Colony of Avalon, National Historic archaeological site and interpretation centre, an old stone church, museum, tea room and dinner theatre.

Sounding Hills Path (Ferryland - Aquaforte CLOSED This 5.5 km hike of easy to moderate difficulty normally takes 2–4 hours. A landowner near Ferryland closed access to the trail in 2017 over a dispute with the town of Ferryland over bridge maintenance. Although the bridge was fixed, the landowner has continued to deny access for hikers, forcing them to use a four km detour along the Route 10 highway. The southern section near the Spout River may still be accessed as far as Herring Cove.

Spurwink Island Path 20.4 km (Aquaforte - Port Kirwan) This a 17.1 km long challenging hike that takes 7–10 hours. The path includes, since 2020, the former Mudder Wet Path with canyon and estuary views and a waterfall, followed by a rugged climb through headlands to the Berry Head natural sea arch and there is a wilderness campsite on the path.

Bear Cove Path 11.9 km Kingman's Cove and Renews) A 11.6 km hike of moderate difficulty. It takes about 4–6 hours. There are two historic sites, a settlement, lighthouse, and seasonal berry grounds.

Island Meadow Path (Renews - Cappahayden) A 10.1 km hike of moderate difficulty that takes 4–6 hours, that is primarily made up of woodlands and headlands, and there are views of Renews Island.

Future Extension: Cappahayden to Trepassey
Not yet developed Cappahayden to Trepassey via Chance Cove, Cape Race Lighthouse, Portugal Cove South and Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve.

Cappahayden to Chance Cove Provincial Park is undeveloped and includes gravel road, rough trail, moose path, bush-whacking, trackless bog, and deep river crossings. Chance Cove Provincial Park is a provincial park located approximately 20.0 km south of Renews-Cappahayden. Chance Cove was once the site of a small settlement of approximately 50 people in the mid-19th century, but it "was abandoned between 1884 and 1891 following a series of disastrous years in the fishery".

Chance Cove to Cape Race is another difficult undeveloped, unmarked route, especially the middle section.

Cape Race to Trepassey. There is a 32.75 km road between Cape Race, Portugal Cove South, and Trepassey that passes Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve a wilderness area and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The reserve is home to the Mistaken Point Formation, which contains one of the most diverse and well-preserved collections of Precambrian fossils in the world. Ediacaran fossils discovered at the site constitute the oldest known remnants of multicellular life on Earth.

Portugal Cove South is 19. km from Cape Race.

Accommodation
The East Coast Trail Association maintains six designated, primitive campsites (providing level sites or platforms and outhouses) located at the midpoint of six of the longer paths: White Horse Path, Motion Path, Spout Path, Flamber Head Path, Cape Broyle Head Path and Spurwink Island Path. The campsites are first-come, first-serve basis and often fill up on weekends. The La Manche Provincial Park, located a short distance from the trail offers fully-serviced campsites that can be reserved. There are also informal, non-designated campsite along the trail.

The trail crosses 30 different communities, ranging from the City of St. John's, to towns and small outports which offer a range of accommodation such as bed and breakfasts and guest houses close to the trail. For these accommodations, see:
 * ECT Directory: Accommodations and Camping
 * Newfoundland and Labrador Tourism

Transportation
Buses can be used to access Logy Bay, including road walk; Quidi Vidi; Fort Amherst with road walk; Shea Heights for Deadman's Bay and Freshwater; Shoal Bay Road. There is minibus taxi service to and from Treppassey; Cape Spear (seasonal bus – frequent service).

Landscape
The Avalon Peninsula has over 2,500 kilometres of coastline, much of which rises abruptly from the sea and is indented with numerous bays and inlets. The landscape consists of boreal forest, heathlands, bogs, fens, marshes, many large rivers and numerous ponds.

Wildlife
There are no snakes or other reptiles on the Avalon, and while black bears are native to Newfoundland and Labrador, and found throughout the province, they are rarely seen on the Avalon Peninsula. Wolves are technically extinct on the Island but there are reports of migrants from Labrador and wolf-coyote crosses. Coyotes have migrated to the Island of Newfoundland and to the Avalon. Moose, though not native to the Island, are one of the most obvious inhabitants of the East Coast Trail. The tracks of the largest land animal on the Trail are nearly everywhere. Hikers are liable to encounter moose anytime, especially during twilight and early dawn. Hikers will often observe small trees and shrubs missing their growing tips where moose have munched the new growth as they walked along the Trail. Foxes, otters, beavers, Weasels, Snowshoe Hares (called rabbit by the locals), Seals, and Whales, are some of the other mammals that may be seen. Caribou can sometimes be seen in the vicinity of Trepassey, though the herd that frequents the Avalon Wilderness Reserve has dwindled in recent years.

Birds
Along this coastline are some of the greatest seabird hotspots in the world, with thousands of seabirds nesting in the area annually.

Berries on the trail
Delicious berries can often be found along the Trail. Bake apples are the first to be found, around July, and are found in the numerous bog that are scattered along the Trail, and particularly along the Cape Spear, and Motion Paths. They are also known as cloudberry. Bake apples are highly prized by Newfoundlanders and are "confined to drier bogs". Wild strawberries are common in disturbed areas throughout Newfoundland. ... [They produce] small but very sweet berries by July and early August". Then, blueberries and raspberries can be found in August with Deadman's Bay, Blackhead Paths being good sources. Blueberries grow on "low shrubs in woodland clearings, on barrens and burn overs". September is a good month for blackberries, crowberries, and October for cranberries and the closely related marshberries. They both "ripen after the first frost, in late October and November". November is the best month to pick partridgeberries as frost improves their taste. They are also known as mountain cranberry, lingonberry or cowberry. and are found on barrens throughout Newfoundland.

title: East Coast Trail


text:
Wikipedia:Copyright problems/2017 September 19

19 September 2017

 * Compressed Gas Association ([ history] · [ last edit] · rewrite) from http://www.cganet.com/about.php. Rhadow (talk) 16:11, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting question.svg No vio found, claim cannot be validated. Tag removed from article., I can't see any significant overlap between any version of our article and the source you've mentioned. Have I missed something obvious? Certainly the content added with shows every sign of having been copied, but I've not been able to identify any source that it might have been taken from. Justlettersandnumbers (talk) 22:27, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

Hello Justlettersandnumbers -- the following is character for character the same: "Since 1913, the Compressed Gas Association has been dedicated to ... More than 1[2]0 member companies ..." and so on. For this line, "In January 1913, Robert King sent a letter to the 75 manufacturers of compressed gases in the United States inviting them to attend a meeting in New York City for the purpose of organizing a new industry association:" see http://www.cganet.com/docs/100th.pdf page 14. Q.E.D. Rhadow (talk) 00:22, 28 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks, . As you'll have seen, I removed most of the text there as completely unsourced. I did see the overlap between the "about" page and the content added with ; however, most of that passage seems to have been original content (or adequately rephrased) and Earwig's tool gives me such a low percentage that I did not feel that revdeletion was justified. I'm much more concerned about the large edit in 2008, which includes the stuff about Robert King's letter; however, that pre-dates the 100th anniversary publication (which I did also check, btw) by about five years, so wherever it came from I don't think it was there. I've left a cv-unsure template on the talk-page. Is that sufficient for now, do you think? Justlettersandnumbers (talk) 09:49, 28 September 2017 (UTC)

Hello Justlettersandnumbers -- Now that the article is pared to a stub, the question is whether a $3 million trade organization is notable. By virtue of its age, it probably is. CGA publications support DOT standards for tanks and material handling; that's valuable. The hundredth anniversary book was probably cobbled together from the fiftieth anniversary book - text lying around the CGA offices. I have a hunch the article was originally all SPA promo from the WP days no one prosecuted these things. When I get around to it, I'll write a couple of paragraphs. We can see then if CGA stands up to notability scrutiny... or you can. Rhadow (talk) 11:23, 28 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
Badshahi Haveli

Badshahi Haveli is an historic building in Naya Bazar, Ajmer in India.

It was built in 1507 on the order of Emperor Akbar. Rectangular in shape, the building has a pillared hall inside. The Haveli has rooms on all the four corners and can be entered via the eastern verandah. The Haveli was used by one of the Amirs of Akbar as a residence later.

title: Badshahi Haveli


text:
Talk:Dave Eshelman

Fair use rationale for Image:Eshelman.jpg
Image:Eshelman.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 21:03, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

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Who?
Is the same Dave Eshelman that participated in the Stanford Prison Experiment? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:22, 15 June 2018 (UTC)

 * That one was "Dave Eshleman", not "Eshelman".--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 12:27, 10 November 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dave Eshelman


text:
The Head (2020 TV series)

The Head is a Spanish-Japanese English-language psychological thriller television series directed by Jorge Dorado for HBO Asia and Hulu Japan. The first season, set in Antarctica, premiered on 12 June 2020. A second season premiered on 22 December 2022. A third and final season is scheduled to air in 2024.

Premise
Winter has fallen on the South Pole. The sun will soon disappear for the next six months. A small team, known as the Winterers, will remain at the Polaris VI Antarctic Research Station to continue their innovative research, a crucial part in the fight against climate change, under the command of renowned biologist Arthur Wilde (John Lynch). But when spring comes, summer commander Johan Berg (Alexandre Willaume) returns to the station only to find the entire team are either dead or missing. A killer is on the loose, and Annika (Laura Bach), Johan's wife, is missing. If he wants to find her alive, he will have to trust Maggie (Katharine O'Donnelly), the young doctor who is profoundly shaken and apparently the sole survivor from the group.

Supporting and recurring

 * Chris Reilly as Nils Hedlund (season 1), the station's Technician who is shown as conflicted, drinking a lot and more and more affected by Polar T3 Syndrome.
 * Tom Lawrence as Miles Porter, the communications officer and one of the longest serving staff at Polaris VI.
 * Sandra Andreis as Ebba Ullman (season 1), the station nurse who has spent many winters on Polaris VI already. She misses her kids and her family, but also has an affair with Erik, which is straining on her.
 * Amelia Hoy as Heather Blake (season 1), a Computer Officer from Texas who is very athletic and competitive. She is the third newbie on the station, along with Maggie and Aki.
 * Mónica López as Astrid Casado (season 1)
 * Hannes Fohlin as Gus (season 1)
 * Andreas Rothlin as Dr. Micke Karlsson (season 1)
 * Philippe Jacq as Damian Fowles (season 1)

Production
The series was shot in a set in Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, whereas outdoor scenes were shot in Iceland.

In October 2021, The Mediapro Studio (detached from HBO Asia and Hulu Japan) reported that they were preparing a second season set in a container ship, directed by Jorge Dorado and written by Mariano Baselga (season 1 executive producer) and Jordi Galceran, with cinematography by David Acereto, with Laura Fernández Espeso, Javier Mendez and Bernat Elias credited as executive producers.

In October 2023 it was announced that the producers were working on a third season, which was officially announced and confirmed as the last in December. Shooting lasted from mid-December to late January 2024.

International broadcast
The series aired on Hulu Japan, HBO Asia, Canal+, AXN Portugal, and Amazon Video in the summer season 2020.

In the United States, the series was streamed on HBO Max from 4 February 2021, as a "Max Original".

In the UK, Ireland, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Luxembourg, streaming started on Starzplay on February 7, 2021. While in Brazil, it started exclusively on streaming service Globoplay.

In India, the series is streaming on Hotstar under "HBO Original" label.

title: The Head (2020 TV series)