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Born on the Fourth of July (film)

Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American epic biographical anti-war drama film that is based on the 1976 autobiography of Ron Kovic. Directed by Oliver Stone, and written by Stone and Kovic, it stars Tom Cruise, Kyra Sedgwick, Raymond J. Barry, Jerry Levine, Frank Whaley, and Willem Dafoe. The film depicts the life of Kovic (Cruise) over a 20-year period, detailing his childhood, his military service and paralysis during the Vietnam War, and his transition to anti-war activism. It is the second installment in Stone's trilogy of films about the Vietnam War, following Platoon (1986) and preceding Heaven & Earth (1993).

Producer Martin Bregman acquired the film rights to the book in 1976 and hired Stone, also a Vietnam veteran, to co-write the screenplay with Kovic, who would be played by Al Pacino. When Stone optioned the book in 1978, the film adaptation became mired in development hell after Pacino and Bregman left, which resulted in him and Kovic putting the film on hold. After the release of Platoon, the project was revived at Universal Pictures, with Stone attached to direct. Shot on locations in the Philippines, Texas and Inglewood, California, principal photography took place from October 1988 to December, lasting 65 days of filming. The film went over its initial $14 million production budget and ended up costing $17.8 million after reshoots.

Upon release, Born on the Fourth of July was praised by critics for its story, Cruise's performance and Stone's direction. The film was successful at the box office as it grossed over $162 million worldwide, becoming the tenth highest-grossing film of 1989. At the 62nd Academy Awards, it received eight nominations, including Best Picture and Best Actor for Cruise, his first nomination, and the film won for Best Director, Stone's second in that category, and Best Film Editing. The film also won four Golden Globe Awards for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama, Best Director and Best Screenplay.

Plot
In 1956 Massapequa, New York, 10-year-old Ron Kovic is playing with his friends in a forest. On his Fourth of July birthday, he attends an Independence Day parade with his family and best friend Donna. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy's televised inaugural address inspires a teenage Kovic to join the United States Marine Corps. After attending an impassioned lecture by two Marine recruiters visiting his high school, he enlists. His decision receives support from his mother, but upsets his father, a World War II veteran who lost many of his friends to the war. Kovic goes to his prom, dances with Donna and kisses her before leaving for recruit training.

In October 1967, Kovic is now a Marine sergeant on a reconnaissance mission in Vietnam, during his second tour of duty. He and his unit kill a number of Vietnamese villagers after mistaking them for enemy combatants. After encountering enemy fire, they flee the village and abandon its sole survivor, a crying baby. During the retreat, Kovic accidentally kills Wilson, a young private in his platoon. He reports the action to his superior, who ignores the claim and advises him not to say anything else. In January 1968, Kovic is critically wounded during a firefight, but is rescued by a fellow Marine. Paralyzed from the mid-chest down, he spends several months in recovery at the Bronx Veterans Hospital in New York. Conditions in the underfunded and understaffed hospital are poor; the doctors, nurses and orderlies ignore patients, abuse drugs, and operate using old equipment. Against his doctors' requests, Kovic desperately tries to walk again with the use of braces and crutches, only to severely injure one of his legs, nearly requiring its amputation.

In 1969, Kovic, now permanently using a wheelchair, returns home and turns to alcohol to cope with his growing depression and disillusionment. During an Independence Day parade, he is asked to give a speech, but is unable to finish after he hears a crying baby in the crowd, triggering a flashback to Vietnam. Kovic visits Donna in Syracuse, New York, where the two reminisce. While attending a vigil for the victims of the Kent State shootings, they are separated when Donna and other protestors are arrested by police.

In Massapequa, a drunken Kovic has a heated argument with his mother, and his father decides to send him to Villa Dulce, a Mexican haven for wounded Vietnam veterans. He has his first sexual encounter with a prostitute, whom he falls for until he sees her with another customer. Kovic befriends Charlie, another paraplegic, and the two decide to travel to another village after getting kicked out of a bar. After annoying their taxicab driver, they are stranded on the side of the road, and an argument turns into a fight. They are picked up by a passing motorist who takes them back to Villa Dulce.

Kovic travels to Armstrong, Texas, where he locates Wilson's tombstone. He then visits the fallen Marine's family in Georgia to confess his guilt. Wilson's widow Jamie expresses that she is unable to forgive Kovic, while his parents are more sympathetic. In 1972, Kovic joins the organization Vietnam Veterans Against the War, and travels to the Republican National Convention in Miami, Florida. As Richard Nixon is giving an acceptance speech for his presidential nomination, Kovic expresses to a news reporter his hatred for the war and the government for abandoning the American people. His comments enrage Nixon's supporters, and his interview is cut short when police attempt to remove and arrest him and other protestors. Kovic and the veterans manage to break free from the officers, regroup, and charge the hall again, though not successfully. In 1976, Kovic delivers a public address at the Democratic National Convention in New York City, following the publication of his autobiography.

Cast

 * Tom Cruise as Sergeant Ron Kovic
 * Bryan Larkin as Young Ron
 * Willem Dafoe as Charlie
 * Kyra Sedgwick as Donna
 * Jessica Prunell as Young Donna
 * Raymond J. Barry as Eli Kovic
 * Jerry Levine as Steve Boyer
 * Frank Whaley as Timmy
 * Caroline Kava as Patricia Kovic
 * Cordelia Gonzalez as Maria Elena - Villa Dulce
 * Ed Lauter as Legion Commander
 * John Getz as Marine Major - Vietnam
 * Michael Wincott as Vet #1 - Villa Dulce
 * Edith Díaz as Madame - Villa Dulce
 * Richard Grusin as Coach - Massapequa
 * Stephen Baldwin as Billy Vorsovich
 * Bob Gunton as Doctor - Veterans Hospital
 * Jason Gedrick as Martinez - Vietnam
 * Richard Panebianco as Joey Walsh
 * Anne Bobby as Susanne Kovic
 * David Warshofsky as Lieutenant - Vietnam
 * Reg E. Cathey as Speaker - Syracuse
 * Josh Evans as Tommy Kovic
 * Bruce MacVittie as Patient #1 - Veterans Hospital
 * Lili Taylor as Jamie Wilson
 * David Herman as Patient #2 - Veterans Hospital
 * Andrew Lauer as Vet #2 - Villa Dulce
 * Tom Sizemore as Vet #3 - Villa Dulce
 * Tom Berenger as Gunnery Sergeant Hayes - Marine Recruiter
 * Peter Crombie as Undercover Vet
 * Beau Starr as Man #2 - Arthur's Bar
 * Vivica Fox as Hooker
 * John C. McGinley as Official #1 - Democratic Convention (Pushing Kovic's Wheelchair)
 * Wayne Knight as Official #2 - Democratic Convention
 * Richard Haus as Marine Sergeant - 2nd Recruiter
 * Mark Moses as Optimistic Doctor
 * Holly Marie Combs as Jenny

In addition, decorated Marine and Vietnam War veteran Dale Dye appears as an infantry colonel, Oliver Stone appears as a TV reporter, Chicago Seven anti-war protester Abbie Hoffman appears as a student strike organizer at Syracuse University, and singer Edie Brickell appears as a folksinger in Syracuse. Hoffman died before the film was released, with an "In Memoriam" in his honor shown in the closing credits.

Development
Al Pacino expressed interest in portraying Ron Kovic after watching the Vietnam veteran's televised appearance at the 1976 Democratic National Convention and reading his autobiography. He also turned down starring roles in the Vietnam War-themed films Coming Home (1978) and Apocalypse Now (1979), the former for which Kovic would act as a consultant. Kovic met with Pacino in New York, where they discussed adapting the book to film. In September 1976, Pacino's manager, producer Martin Bregman, contacted Kovic's agent and entered into negotiations for the film rights. The following October, Bregman's production company Artists Entertainment Complex acquired the rights for $150,000. Filming was scheduled to begin in June 1977 with Paramount Pictures acting as distributor, but the project fell apart. Bregman and Pacino were unhappy with the script, and the studio dropped the film.

In 1977, Bregman hired Oliver Stone, also a Vietnam veteran, to help write the screenplay. At the time, Stone had been developing Platoon (1986), and an unproduced sequel script titled Second Life, that was inspired by his own life after the war. He and Kovic bonded over their experiences during the war, and they began work on a new script in 1978 after Stone optioned the book. Stone also discussed the adaptation with William Friedkin, who turned down an opportunity to direct in favor of The Brink's Job (1978). After Bregman secured financing from German investors, the film briefly continued development at United Artists before moving to Orion Pictures. Daniel Petrie was hired to direct, but several weeks before rehearsals, the investors withdrew from funding the film. After the project moved to Universal Pictures, Bregman and Pacino left the film. Bregman deemed the project impossible, and felt it would be overshadowed by the success of Coming Home. Stone and Kovic grew frustrated with the troubled pre-production and dropped the project, though Stone expressed his hope to return and make the film at a later time. Stone promised Kovic that if his career took off, he would return to Kovic to revive the project. Kovic stated that after the release of Platoon, Stone called Kovic and told him he was ready to return working on the film.

In April 1987, John Daly, chairman and CEO of the English-based Hemdale Film Corporation, announced that it was producing the film, which would act as a sequel to Platoon. The studio entered into negotiations to finance the film in May 1988 with a $20 million budget, but it later withdrew from funding the film. Stone was announced as director in June 1988, and his Ixtlan Productions banner was enlisted as a production company. Tom Pollock, president of Universal Pictures, read the script as Stone was developing Wall Street (1987), and the studio allocated a $14 million budget on the condition that a major star appears in the lead role. Stone and Kovic then revised the script, adding the latter's appearance at the 1976 Democratic National Convention.

Casting
Sean Penn, Charlie Sheen and Nicolas Cage were among those considered by Stone to portray Kovic. In 1987, Stone's agent Paula Wagner had shown Platoon to Tom Cruise, after he had expressed interest in working with Stone. Cruise met with Stone to discuss the role in January 1988. The studio was concerned over the prospects of Cruise appearing as a dramatic film lead. Stone, in particular, had dismissed his previous film Top Gun (1986) as a "fascist movie", but expressed that he was drawn to the actor's "Golden Boy" image. "I saw this kid who has everything," he stated. "And I wondered what would happen if tragedy strikes, if fortune denies him ... I thought it was an interesting proposition: What would happen to Tom Cruise if something goes wrong?" Kovic was also wary of Cruise's casting, but relented when the actor visited him at his home in Massapequa, New York.

Cruise spent one year preparing for the role. He visited several veterans' hospitals, read various books on the Vietnam War and practiced riding in a wheelchair. At one point during pre-production, Stone suggested that Cruise be injected with a chemical drug that would render him paralyzed for two days; the director believed that the drug would help him realistically portray the difficulties of being a paraplegic. The insurance company responsible for the film vetoed the idea, believing that the drug would cause permanent incapacitation. Kovic visited the production daily and would often participate in rehearsals with Cruise. Kovic also appears in the film as a World War II veteran at an Independence Day parade who flinches in response to exploding firecrackers, a reflex that Cruise's character develops later in the film. On July 3, 1989, following the end of reshoots, Kovic gave Cruise his Bronze Star Medal as a birthday present and in praise of his commitment to the role.

Casting directors Risa Bramon Garcia and Billy Hopkins sought more than 200 actors for various speaking roles. They auditioned 2,000 child actors in Massapequa and hired 8,000 extras for scenes shot in Dallas, Texas. For the Fourth of July parade sequences, student protests and presidential conventions, the production employed nearly 12,000 people from the National Paralysis Foundation, Campfire Girls and American Legion to appear as extras. The film reunited Stone with several past collaborators who make brief appearances in the film. Tom Berenger, who worked with the director on Platoon, plays Gunnery Sergeant Hayes, a Marine recruiter. Michael Wincott, who had a supporting role in Talk Radio (1988), plays a wounded veteran in Mexico. John C. McGinley, in his fourth collaboration with Stone, plays an official at the 1976 Democratic Convention. Mark Moses, who appeared in Platoon as Lieutenant Wolfe, plays an overwhelmed doctor at the VA hospital in the Bronx. Stone himself appears as a skeptical news reporter.

To prepare the actors portraying Marines, military advisor Dale Dye organized one-week training missions, one in the United States, and the other in the Philippines where the battle sequences were to be filmed. Abbie Hoffman, a Yippie activist, acted as a consultant who educated the cast about the peace movement. He also makes an appearance as a protestor in Syracuse, New York. The film is dedicated to Hoffman, who died on April 12, 1989.

Filming
Principal photography was scheduled to begin in September 1988, but did not commence until mid-October of that year. Studio executive Pollock planned an initial budget of $14 million, but the film went over budget. The high production costs prompted Stone and Cruise to waive their salaries and instead receive a percentage of the box office gross. The final production cost of the film was $17.8 million. The film was cinematographer Robert Richardson's fifth collaboration with Stone, and their first to be shot in the anamorphic format. Richardson shot the film using Panavision cameras and lenses, and primarily utilized 35 mm film stocks; 16 mm and Super 16 mm stocks were also used to film the scene of Kovic demonstrating at the 1972 Republican National Convention, blended with archive footage of the actual event.

Filming began in Dallas, Texas, for scenes set in the United States. The Elmwood neighborhood of Oak Cliff doubled for Massapequa. The Kimball High School band and staff appeared in the parade scenes and the dramatic prom scene featuring Sedgwick and Cruise. The Dallas Convention Center was used to re-create the 1972 Republican National Convention in Miami, Florida. The filmmakers also shot scenes at the Parkland Memorial Hospital, which stood in for the Bronx Veterans Hospital in New York. They also filmed on soundstages at Las Colinas Studios in Irving, Texas. The Philippines stood in for scenes set in Vietnam and Mexico. Stone originally wanted to shoot on location in Vietnam but was unable to do so, due to unresolved conflicts between that country and the United States. Principal photography wrapped in December 1988, after 65 days of filming.

After viewing a rough cut of the film, Universal demanded that the ending, which depicted Kovic's appearance at the 1976 Democratic National Convention, be reshot. The original scene was shot in Dallas, with 600 extras, but the studio was dissatisfied with the filmed footage, and requested that Stone make it "bigger and better". The scene was reshot in July 1989 at The Forum arena in Inglewood, California. Filming lasted one day, with 6,000 extras. The reshoot ended up costing $500,000.

Music
The score was produced, composed and conducted by John Williams, who agreed to work on the film after viewing a rough cut version. Recording sessions took place at 20th Century Fox Studios in Los Angeles, California. Timothy Morrison, a member of the Boston Pops Orchestra, acted as a trumpeter. Williams stated, "I knew immediately I would want a string orchestra to sing in opposition to all the realism on the screen, and then the idea came to have a solo trumpet – not a military trumpet, but an American trumpet, to recall the happy youth of [Kovic]." The motion picture soundtrack album was released on December 19, 1989, by MCA Records. In addition to Williams's score, it features eight songs that appear in the film. AllMusic's Tavia Hobbart wrote that the score "literally haunts you as you watch the movie. It's just as effective here." Stephen Holden of The New York Times stated, "Mr. Williams's themes are melodically strong enough so that one could imagine them being developed into a full-blown symphonic poem."

Release
Universal gave the film a platform release which involved showing it in select cities before expanding distribution in the following weeks. To qualify the film for awards consideration, the studio issued a limited theatrical run in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and Toronto on December 20, 1989. The film was released across North America on January 5, 1990, playing at 1,310 theaters, and expanding to 1,434 theaters by its eleventh week. A heavily edited version of the film was scheduled for broadcast on CBS in early 1991, but was shelved by the network's executives due to the impending Persian Gulf War. The film had its network premiere on January 21, 1992.

Home media
The film was released on VHS on August 9, 1990, and DVD on October 31, 2000. On January 16, 2001, it was again released on DVD as a part of the "Oliver Stone Collection", a box set of films directed by Stone. Special features include an audio commentary by Stone, production notes, and cast and crew profiles. A Special Edition DVD was released on October 5, 2010, containing the film, the commentary by Stone, as well as archive news footage from NBC News. The film was released on HD DVD on June 12, 2007, and on Blu-ray on July 3, 2012. The Blu-ray presents the film in 1080p high definition, and contains all the additional materials found on the Special Edition DVD.

Box office
The film grossed $172,021 on its first week of limited release, an average of $34,404 per theatre. More theatres were added on the following weekend, and it grossed a further $61,529 in its second weekend, with an overall gross of $937,946. On its third weekend, the film entered wide release, grossing $11,023,650 and securing the number one position at the North American box office. The film fell 27.2% the following week, grossing an additional $8,028,075 while remaining first in the top-ten rankings. On its fifth weekend, it earned an additional $6,228,360 for an overall gross of $32,607,294.

The film grossed $4,640,940 in its sixth weekend, dropping to second place behind Driving Miss Daisy. The following weekend, it moved to third place, earning an additional $4,012,085. On its eighth weekend, it had dropped to fourth place and earned $3,004,400. It stayed in fifth place for the next three weekends, and by March 4, 1990, the film had an overall gross of $59,673,354.

The film grossed $70,001,698 in North America ($151,650,800 when adjusted for inflation), and $91 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $162,001,698. In the United States and Canada, it was the seventeenth highest-grossing film of 1989. Worldwide, it was the tenth highest-grossing film of 1989, as well as Universal's second highest-grossing film released that year, behind Back to the Future Part II.

Critical response
Based on 56 reviews, the film holds a score of 84% on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 7.50/10. The website's consensus reads, "Led by an unforgettable performance from Tom Cruise, Born on the Fourth of July finds director Oliver Stone tackling thought-provoking subject matter with ambitious élan." Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 75 out of 100 based on reviews from 16 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.

David Denby of New York magazine, stated that the film was "a relentless but often powerful and heartbreaking piece of work, dominated by Tom Cruise's impassioned performance." Richard Corliss of Time, Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times, Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune and Peter Travers of Rolling Stone also commended Cruise's performance. Vincent Canby of The New York Times said the film was "the most ambitious nondocumentary film yet made about the entire Vietnam experience." Janet Maslin, also writing for The New York Times, praised Stone's direction, writing that he "reaches out instantly to his audience's gut-level emotions and sustains a walloping impact for two and a half hours." Internet reviewer James Berardinelli felt that the film's greatest accomplishment was "its contrasting of the glorious illusion of war as seen from thousands of miles away to the barbarity of it up-close."

The Washington Post published two negative reviews; Hal Hinson called the film "alienating", while Desson Howe was critical of Cruise's "whiny" performance. Sheila Benson of the Los Angeles Times felt that the actor's portrayal of Kovic was lacking in character development. Jonathan Rosenbaum derided the storytelling for "brimming with false uplift", and Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly called the film "2 1/2 hours of self-righteousness masquerading as art." Pauline Kael of The New Yorker wrote, "It's almost inconceivable that Ron Kovic was as innocent as the movie and the 1976 autobiography on which it's based make him out to be ... Kovic's book is simple and explicit; he states his case in plain, angry words. Stone's movie yells at you for two hours and twenty-five minutes."

The film also received criticism for its dramatization of actual events, prompted by Kovic's declared decision to run for Congress as a Democratic opponent to Californian Republican Robert Dornan in the 38th congressional district. As a result, Born on the Fourth of July became Stone's first film to be publicly attacked in the media. Dornan criticized the film for portraying Kovic as "[being] in a panic and mistakenly shooting his corporal to death in Vietnam, visiting prostitutes, abusing drugs and alcohol and cruelly insulting his parents". Kovic dismissed his comments as being part of a "hatred campaign", and ultimately did not run for election.

In a newspaper column, former White House Communications Director Pat Buchanan criticized the adaptation for deviating from the book, and concluded by calling Stone a "propagandist". Democratic State Senator Nancy Larraine Hoffmann, who took part in Syracuse University's 1970 peaceful protest of the Cambodian Campaign, was critical of the film's depiction of Syracuse police as "faceless people brutalizing peaceful protesters". Following the film's wide release in January 1990, Stone wrote a letter apologizing to the city of Syracuse and its police officials.

Accolades
The film received various awards and nominations, with particular recognition for the screenplay, Cruise's performance, Stone's direction and the score by John Williams. The National Board of Review named it one of the "Top 10 Films of 1989", ranking it at number one. The film received five Golden Globe Award nominations and won four for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director and Best Screenplay, while Williams was nominated for Best Original Score.

In February 1990, the film competed for the Golden Bear at the 40th Berlin International Film Festival, but lost to the American film Music Box (1990) and Czech film Larks on a String (1969). That same month, the film garnered eight Academy Awards nominations, including Best Picture and Best Actor; its closest rival was Driving Miss Daisy, which received nine nominations. At the 62nd Oscars, Stone won a second Academy Award for Best Director; he had previously won the award for Platoon. The film also won the Academy Award for Best Film Editing, beating out Driving Miss Daisy, The Bear, Glory and The Fabulous Baker Boys in that category. At the 44th British Academy Film Awards in 1991, the film received two nominations for Best Actor in a Leading Role and Best Adapted Screenplay, but did not win in either category.

On May 10, 2021, Cruise returned all three of his Golden Globe awards to the Hollywood Foreign Press Association due to controversy in its lack of diversity among its membership, including his Best Actor award for this film.

title: Born on the Fourth of July (film)


text:
User:Jacy zhou

Jacy_zhou
I am a student on the Reproductive Biology Hons. course at the University of Edinburgh.

My example citation
I read an interesting article on the BBC news site about the Bombardier tax ruling.

My example list
I like fruits. I am intere

sted in apples.
 * Love studying repro wooooooo
 * Watching movies woooooo

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Jacy zhou


text:
Morris Oxford flatnose

The "flatnose" Morris Oxford is a series of motor car models produced by Morris of the United Kingdom from 1926 until 1930. Introduced as a replacement for the Morris Oxford bullnose, the "flatnose" Oxford models featured more traditional styling.

Oxford flatnose 1926–30
The distinctive bullnose radiator was dropped in 1926 in an updated version of the car. The engines remained the same but a new range of bodies was offered including all-steel saloons.

The frame was changed to allow half-elliptic springs to be fitted in place of the old three-quarter elliptic springs. The back end of the frame was given a deeper channel section, it now sweeps up over the rear axle. The frame also receives bracing from the running board brackets and cross hangers.

The radiator cooling surface has been increased sixty per cent and the whole assembly given the flat-fronted shape which would lead to this car's popular name.

A new all-steel dash or bulkhead now creates a firm location for bodywork and a solid support for the petrol tank. As part of that redesign a new instrument panel is provided with neatly grouped meters and glove boxes either side. The hand controls on the steering column have been upgraded. There is now a dash-operated ventilator.

Equipment now includes:

title: Morris Oxford flatnose


text:
Talk:Son Woo-hyuk

Are the references enough?
I am askung about the template for lack of citation Nohamahmoud (talk) 18:58, 10 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Son Woo-hyuk


text:
herkkä

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) delicate, vulnerable
 * 2) physically sensitive, tender
 * 3) sensitive, easily offended
 * 4) quick to react

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) tender, delicate
 * 2) sensitive, touchy

title: herkkä


text:
User:Ianmichael113

A human guy in the United States of America, specifically California.

= To where have I been? = I have, unfortunately, never been outside of the United States

= What languages can I speak? = I am, a native English speaker, and specifically native in American English (no surprise).

I have, in my life, have studied or am studying five languages: English, Russian, German, French, and Latin

English, I can speak rather well (I hope, it is my native tongue after all) Russian I did not get very far with and am not fluent. German I could get somewhat farther, but I am not fluent. I can read French somewhat proficiently and can speak it somewhat well, and I still study French. I have recently began to study Latin.

I have been able to read in my native tongue since I was four years of age. Despite being taught with American English spelling rules, I prefer British English spelling rules, however, I do not speak in the British English Dialect.

= Interest in Cartography and Maps = From the age of five years I have had an interest in maps, I was gifted my first ever globe at this age. I, being five, did not know much about the world around me, for example when I first saw Antarctica on a globe, I thought that there were: At the age of six, I drew a complete map of the United States, and I drew the map quite often, whenever I had the chance. When I entered second grade, I was able to draw the map of the United States so well that I scared my teacher.
 * People living on the Continent
 * And that these said people walked around with Suction cups on their feet.

I retained a hunger for knowledge about the world around me, and by the time I was in the sixth grade I began to have a growing interest for history, which I have even to this day.

= Fish Keeping = In my life I have owned at least 13 Betta Splendens, 6 Neon Tetras, 5 Guppies, 11 Common goldfish, 12 Red Cherry Shrimp, 1 Plecostomus, and a number of snails.

= Music = I can play the piano, and I can also play the organ (but not very well). I managed to teach myself piano to an extant, with some formal education.

I have tried to pick up violin, and I know how to play, I'm not good however.

My favourite song to play on piano is probably O Sacred Head Now Wounded

= Ləx Cπpæxцej Kæπîtoləx = The "Cπpæxцej Kæπîtoləx" was a Conlang that I created just, in reality, for fun. The Language is hyper-descriptive and I tried my best to remove Homonyms, and to the extent Synonyms. The Language had around 1000 words before I quit working on it, (around 100 of these were base pronouns).

Features:
 * Subject-verb-object word order, but reflexive pronouns would always be in Subject-object-verb word order
 * Three grammatical Genders: Masculine, Feminine, and Neuter
 * Inanimate objects are always neuter (exception with musical instruments and terms)

= Other Accomplishments = Here are some other accomplishments
 * I have assisted in teaching somebody English without knowing their native language
 * To be continued...

= Goals = Here are a list of goals in my life
 * Visit Europe
 * Play a Pipe Organ
 * Become Fluent in German and Russian
 * Own an Arowana
 * Buy a Betta from South-East Asia

title: User:Ianmichael113


text:
Talk:Sanchin

Different schools
I would like to see a complete description of the kata as practiced by different schools. this allows for more historical reference, would others consider this clutter?

<IP_ADDRESS> 11:14, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Are you offering to do it or are you asking someone else to? JFD 13:07, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

I started doing it. I'll have a look around and see if we can get some video links so that people can have a look. Bakarocket 16:27, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

What is needed is actual references to different styles' version which may then allow separate sections. For example, below is a long description of one style's form of "shime" which is shared by two other major styles. So what is the point? — Preceding unsigned comment added by TheDoctorX (talk • contribs) 06:24, 7 October 2016 (UTC)

Sanchin stance
Broken link at the beginning of stance. It links back to this page to an anchor that doesn't exist. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Youarefunny (talk • contribs) 02:50, 5 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Fixed--3family6 (talk) 12:25, 5 July 2011 (UTC)

Kyokushin "Hard Sanchin"
I'd like to add a section about Kyokushin "Hard Sanchin," as is practiced in parts of Southern California (and probably elsewhere). In this form, after the student has learned traditional Sanchin (tensed muscles, closed fists version), the next step is to perform the kata while the instructors beat on you. The theory is that a properly conditioned person will not bruise, and the stances will prevent blows to the groin, etc. (For the most part, it works, and is similar to some types of conditioning suggested by Mas Oyama in his books.) I have had a hard time finding references to this type of Sanchin on the Internet, since "Hard Sanchin" typically refers to simply the tensed version, rather than the "get beat on" version. Can anyone help find such a reference, or perhaps tell me what better search terms might be? The only one I could find was this one...and it's severely lacking, as in my experience, it's the instructors who deliver the strikes (and try to knock you over, etc.), and they do so at full force, with proper technique.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwV04ta6HE0

To my knowledge, this is still practiced at the Riverside, CA School of the Brown Bear. Dmutters (talk) 01:23, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

With all due respect, that describes how testing is done by a number of styles. It is not unique to Kyokushin. There is no one "right way" to test a student performing the "kata." Depends on what the teacher is trying to teach/train, the level of the student, "et cetera." Thus, in and of itself, it would not merit a separate section in my opinion. TheDoctorX (talk) 06:28, 7 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sanchin


text:
Talk:Dina Merrill

Poor references
I was recently working on the article about Merrill's husband, Ted Hartley, and the referencing there is extremely poor as well. I would really like to see some solid reliable sources to confirm the information that's in their respective articles. --Elonka 05:19, 25 May 2007 (UTC)

He overdosed in 2010 & she begged me to help her hide his body at her Rivendel Farm on Casitas Pass - where all the other bodies are, including her daughter Nina Rumbaugh’s husband Mr Craig & several of another daughter ( of her 12 illegitimate daughters ) Stefanie Powers regects. “I can never sell that place, she said, there are so many bodies buried there I can’t risk anyone doing any digging to develop it! Every body gets a whole bag of lime, then there’s only skulls left. And you plant a tree on top of that ~ have you noticed how many trees we’ve got there?! — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:43, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

Year of birth
Any sources that she was born in 1923? 1925 is the usual year cited as her year of birth. Quis separabit? 23:32, 27 December 2013 (UTC)
 * To answer my own question: these links appear to confirm 1923 as year of birth, as does Intelius:

Quis separabit? 22:00, 30 December 2013 (UTC)
 * http://poststar.com/lifestyles/browsing-the-palace-of-the-adirondacks-camp-topridge/article_3258be0a-272e-5f74-8212-c15accf23353.html
 * http://www.paulbowles.org/marjoriemerriweatherpost.html

Born on Dec. 29, 1923 and not on Dec, 9th, 1923
In a hardback copy of the book about the grandfather of Nedenia Marjorie Hutton's (later known as the actress Dina Merrill) entitled C. W. Post: the Hour and the Man--a Biography with Genealogical Supplement that was commissioned by Dina Merrill's own mother, Marjorie Merriweather Post, written by Nettie Leitch Major, published in 1963 by Judd & Detweiler, Inc., Washington, D.C.,, the book plainly states in two places that Nedenia Marjorie Hutton's birth was in 1923, on page 173--"Marjorie Close was living  in the Burden house when she married Ed Hutton, and it was there daughter Nedenia was born to them in December of 1923". And the same book also states on page 297: "Nedenia Marjorie Hutton...was born December 29, 1923..."

Further evidence that Nedenia Marjorie Hutton's (later known as Dina Merrill) birth was actually in 1923 and not in 1925 is from an archived article in The New York Times, on this page:

http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60E15F93B5B147B93C0A81782D85F458485F9

Here's a partial excerpt of the New York Times article about her debutante ball and a party held in September:

NEDENIA M. HUTTON FETED AT ROSLYN; Several Hundred Young Men and Women Attend Supper Dance for Debutante HELD ON DAVIES ESTATE Many Dinners Given Before Event -- Honor Guest Makes Formal Debut on Dec. 20. Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES. ; Published on September 12, 1941. Additional note: At the time of her debut to society, Nedenia Marjorie Hutton's mother was married to Joseph Davies, who was the second Ambassador from the United States to the former Soviet Union. Nedenia Hutton was not yet known as the actress Dina Merrill.

Furthermore, according to Wikipedia's own article on debutantes, it states that their debuts were typically given when the girls were 17 or 18 years old. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debutante. Basic math show proves she was 18 years old two months after this NYTimes article was published: 1941 - 1923 = 18 years old, precisely the age of most debutantes of the time.

Finally, the Hillwood Estate and Gardens website says that Nedenia Post Hutton (later Dina Merrill) was born on December 29, 1923. See: http://www.hillwoodmuseum.org/about-hillwood/marjorie-merriweather-post/family This is official website of the last Washington estate and home of Dina Merrill's mother, the famous American heiress, socialite and noted philanthropist Marjorie Merriweather Post. Can someone please add these sources as I am not familiar with how to do this on Wikipedia. Thank you. FifthTownsend (talk) 03:52, 31 December 2013 (UTC)

 * Done, correct date of birth is actually December 29. Sourced and confirmed as per http://www.hillwoodmuseum.org/about-hillwood/marjorie-merriweather-post/family and Intelius as well, by the way. Quis separabit?  16:26, 31 December 2013 (UTC)

Image
I moved the image of Merrill with Short and Sheridan to the right because it was overlapping with reflinks, but the caption does not appear. Can anyone fix? Thanks. Quis separabit? 22:24, 13 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Never mind. Fixed it. Quis separabit?  16:56, 14 June 2014 (UTC)

Batman TV Series
She appeared alongside her then-husband Cliff Robertson that were first aired in 1968. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:57, 14 December 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified one external link on Dina Merrill. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131602150300/http://www.hillwoodmuseum.org/about-hillwood/marjorie-merriweather-post/family to http://www.hillwoodmuseum.org/about-hillwood/marjorie-merriweather-post/family

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Grace Kelly
Here, regarding Dina Merrill, we see 'During the late 1950s and 1960s, Merrill was believed to have intentionally been marketed as a replacement for Grace Kelly,[2] and in 1959, she was proclaimed "Hollywood's new Grace Kelly".[11]' Dina Merrill appears in at least one Alfed Hitchcock episode. As we see in the article and talk page for Grace Kelly, Hitchcock could not coax Grace Kelly, who by then had become Princess Grace of Monaco, out of retirement. Carlm0404 (talk) 15:16, 31 July 2020 (UTC)

Marriages
Dina's age at first marriage, plus total years married, add up to more than her age at her death. 2600:6C46:6100:2801:68F5:D5A6:5566:74DC (talk) 13:54, 21 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dina Merrill


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Careers 360 (Magazine)

The result was Speedy Keep per SK#1. (non-admin closure) Anupmehra  - Let's talk!  17:28, 13 February 2015 (UTC)

Careers 360 (Magazine)

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

non-notable per WP:BK, no independent sources Deunanknute (talk) 18:25, 9 February 2015 (UTC) withdraw - borderline, but I think it's enough Deunanknute (talk) 00:42, 13 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of India-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 16:51, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Literature-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 16:51, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of News media-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 16:51, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep -Subject may meet GNG criteria. Sources, -,, , , , . I believe there should be many more on the magazine that I'm unable to find at this time. Anupmehra  - Let's talk!  00:15, 13 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Lürssen effect

Remove 'underlink' flag
If people don't mind I'm going to remove the 'underlink' flag as I believe I've remedied the problem. Some editor with better access to authoritative references might also consider expanding the article since there seems to be a lot of discussion of the subject on various ship-design forums, but not much that seems reliable enough to cite.Atani (talk) 17:02, 19 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Done.Atani (talk) 16:51, 22 March 2015 (UTC)

"lifting the stern"
Is this quite correct? As the stern of Lurssen designs was shallower than the rounded bows of the hulls, this "lifting the stern" seems to suggest that the stern would be much nearer to the surface - nearer to being clear of the water - and thus bringing the screws closer to the surface likewise. Wouldn't this induce more drag from the now-deeper bow section, whilst increasing the likelihood of cavitation from the screws (which would result in a severe loss of efficiency in transference of engine power to the water)?

Perhaps I'm misunderstanding it, but I was under the distinct impression that the stern was dragged a little lower in the water, resulting in the bow being lifted - thus getting the (nose-up' ride attitude we see in photographs and film of S-boats in action. It's hard to reconcile both bow and stern being lifted at speed without the use of hydrofoils. 2A00:23C3:3103:9701:256A:62DD:F1B2:9FE3 (talk) 18:46, 25 September 2023 (UTC)

 * The linked article (on Model Warships dot com) describing the effect is not a valid source - it is written by a model-maker based on their bad reading (or misreading) of the effect. (It even contradicts the box art above, which shows the subject of the build in a high-speed posture, with its forefoot running clear of the water - as opposed to the "the stern comes up, the bow goes down"). In short, it is not a reliable, peer-reviewed source and this article should not be relying on it. 2A00:23C3:3103:9701:8870:E71B:6BA7:3848 (talk) 04:24, 27 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lürssen effect


text:
User:Vieuxsieur

I am first time participant on wikipedia and part of a seminar that is introducing Wikipedia to librarians. I hope to learn more about contributing to Wikipedia and the community. I am employed by the Timberland Regional Library System, a five county library system In Washington state I work at the Hoodsport branch library.rate.

''I will not make any edits that would not be beneficial to the goals of Wikipedia. I would like to improve access to important, free, scholarly sources held in libraries and archives.''

I may, from time to time, insert links or create articles based on library resources.

''I will modify my editing behavior based on problems cited by other editors or if my editing conflicts with other Wikipedia guidelines. I ask that other editors do not hesitate to contact me, via my user talk page, if I appear to be going against this declaration.''

title: User:Vieuxsieur


text:
WEEU-TV

WEEU-TV was a television station that broadcast on UHF channel 33 from Reading, Pennsylvania, United States, between 1953 and 1955. It was owned by the Hawley Broadcasting Company alongside radio station WEEU (850 AM). The station ceased broadcasting because of the economic difficulties associated with early UHF television stations.

History
WEEU-TV began commercial broadcasting on April 15, 1953, as an extension of the radio station; the transmitter on Mount Penn had been radiating test patterns since April 9. Airing NBC and ABC programming, the station operated on a reduced-power basis for the first month and a half until it was ready to broadcast at its full authorized power.

Prior to the passage of the All-Channel Receiver Act in 1964, receiving UHF television stations like WEEU-TV and competitor WHUM-TV (channel 61)—which signed on in February—typically required a converter. Channel 33 worked with TV dealers and salesmen to go door-to-door to promote UHF conversions and the WEEU-TV program lineup. The local lineup included news, weather and sports programs, as well as Studio Date, a program for teenagers hosted by William Webber, later a children's television personality in Philadelphia. The station also produced other entertainment programs, including a cooking show and a quiz show titled "Know Your Reading".

On June 28, 1955, Hawley Broadcasting announced that it would cease operation of WEEU-TV on June 30. In a full-page advertisement that ran in the Eagle and then in Broadcasting magazine, the next week, the company declared that it had closed the television station due to the "tremendous operating costs" involved and the "apathy" of national advertisers. The move came as more viewers tuned to the more powerful—and VHF—signals of Philadelphia's network stations.

The channel 33 allocation was immediately considered to be shifted. In 1957, the FCC instituted a rulemaking proceeding to decide between two proposals by other UHF stations to move channel 33 to York or Harrisburg. At year's end, WEEU-TV surrendered the construction permit, which it still held. By that time, fellow UHF outlet WHUM-TV had closed as well.

While the tower has been removed, the former transmitter building is still in use for a number of FM translators, as well as a translator for WFMZ-TV of Allentown. It was also used by WTVE when that station started in 1980; it left Reading and moved into Philadelphia proper in 2017.

title: WEEU-TV


text:
Undercover Burns

"Undercover Burns" is the thirty-second season premiere of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 685th episode overall. It aired in the United States on Fox on September 27, 2020. The episode was directed by Bob Anderson, and written by David Cryan.

David Harbour guest-stars as Mr. Burns' undercover persona Fred and Phil Rosenthal appears as himself. This is also the first episode that Alex Désert voices Carl Carlson, taking over the role from Hank Azaria. The episode's title is a reference to the television franchise Undercover Boss.

The episode featured Mr. Burns going undercover at his company, the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, similar to the format of Undercover Boss. It received generally positive reviews and was watched live in the United States by 4.44 million viewers.

Plot
Lisa and Bart go to the power plant with Homer for "Take Your Child to Work Day", but Mr. Burns decides to change it into "Put Your Child to Work Day". All of the children are forced to work, but Lisa escapes and confronts Mr. Burns about the abuse of child labor laws. Mr. Burns decides to hide in the employee restroom. While in the restroom, Mr. Burns sees unflattering graffiti on the walls, and soon realizes that his employees don't like him very much, because of his pompous ways.

Smithers decides to help a distraught Mr. Burns go undercover as a man named Fred Kranepool. During his undercover operation, Mr. Burns plans to "infiltrate and kill" disloyal employees, but ends up befriending Homer, Lenny, and Carl. Smithers becomes jealous of all the time Mr. Burns is spending with the employees and eventually tells Homer that Fred is actually a disguised Mr. Burns. His scheme exposed, Mr. Burns reverts to his old, tyrannical self.

Development
The episode was written by David Cryan, who reached out to showrunner Al Jean on Twitter, asking Jean to read some scripts he had written. Cryan was hoping to be given the opportunity to submit a script for The Simpsons, but Jean was impressed enough by Cryan's scripts, particularly those for Veep and Curb Your Enthusiasm, that he invited Cryan to join the show's writing staff. However, Cryan was unable to accept the offer, because Cryan, who lives in Canada, had his United States visa application denied. So, Jean instead offered him a freelance opportunity to write an episode. Cryan chose to write an episode surrounding his favorite character of Mr. Burns, it is Cryan's first television episode.

Casting
David Harbour guest-starred in the episode as Mr. Burns' undercover persona Fred and Phil Rosenthal appeared as himself. Rosenthal previously portrayed TV Dad in The Simpsons Movie. This is also the first episode with Alex Désert voicing Carl Carlson, taking over from Hank Azaria who voiced the character since the first season. This came after the producers of the series announced that "Moving forward, The Simpsons will no longer have white actors voice non-white characters."

Music
The episode features "Why Can't We Be Friends" by War, "Bang the Drum All Day" by Todd Rundgren and "The Spaniard That Blighted My Life" by Billy Merson.

Marketing
Jean released a still from the episode on September 9, 2020, on Twitter. Also on September 9, 2020, Fox released eight promotional pictures from the episode.

Viewing figures
In the United States, the episode was watched live by 4.44 million viewers.

Critical response
Tony Sokol with Den of Geek, said "'Undercover Burns' makes for a fun and informative season premiere episode. Mr. Burns always delivers, except on any promises he's made." He gave the episode four out of five stars.

Kevin Melrose with CBR, said "those longtime critics who insist The Simpsons peaked in 1993 will no doubt point to the Season 32 premiere as only the latest supporting evidence. From the green screen couch gag to its parody of Undercover Boss, a reality series that's been on the air for more than a decade, 'Undercover Burns' is hardly cutting edge. And yet, the episode still surprises."

title: Undercover Burns


text:
congedare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to let (someone) depart
 * 2) to send someone packing; to dismiss; to fire
 * 1) to send someone packing; to dismiss; to fire
 * 1) to send someone packing; to dismiss; to fire

title: congedare


text:
Rybnoye, Kamensky District, Altai Krai

Rybnoye (Рыбное) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Rybinsky Selsoviet, Kamensky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 783 as of 2013. There are 13 streets.

Geography
Rybnoye is located 32 km south of Kamen-na-Obi (the district's administrative centre) by road. Samarsky is the nearest rural locality.

title: Rybnoye, Kamensky District, Altai Krai


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gadens

The result was keep. Yunshui 雲 水 10:30, 30 September 2019 (UTC)

Gadens

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Per WP:BEFORE, I believe this law firm fails WP:ORGCRIT. HickoryOughtShirt?4 (talk) 01:19, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Law-related deletion discussions. HickoryOughtShirt?4 (talk) 01:19, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Australia-related deletion discussions. HickoryOughtShirt?4 (talk) 01:19, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Withdrawn by nominator. Thank you for your re-write and to the dedicated volunteers of Wikipedia to salvage an article. I am withdrawing this AfD. HickoryOughtShirt?4 (talk) 03:41, 30 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Weak keep: Having a quick look at the history of the article, plus search engine 'news' results, there are enough mentions by independent reliable sources to perhaps justify retention as a stub. A law firm that's more than 90 years old, with branches in four capital cities, is in my view likely to be notable enough for inclusion. But I agree the article as it currently stands is severely lacking. Meticulo (talk) 09:06, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Keep - Gadens is a well-known and large law firm in Australia with coverage in several cities (and previously across Australia) and a long history (1928 in its current form), and back to the mid-1800s under previous names. There are enough mentions of the firm in external sources to justify notability. Bookscale (talk) 10:59, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete: Looking at the sources I can find on the internet, none of them rises above routine coverage. Okay, so there are a couple white papers and profiles in industry publications, but they seem to lack independence. On the other hand, they are between 90 and 150 years old, so maybe there are more sources that aren't on the web. Rockphed (talk) 18:05, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Comment: Yes, it's definitely borderline as to whether it all amounts to significant coverage. Here's a few sources I found: The Straits Times, News.com.au, The Courier Mail, ABC News. (Note that several of these are somewhat negative stories about losing branches to rivals, or having to make a damages payout, which would counter the promotional tone of previous versions of the article and leave it more balanced overall). There are also stories locked behind paywalls at The Courier Mail (again), The Australian, The Australian Financial Review and The AFR (again).

 * Hard to say how independent the trade journals/industry publications are, but with multiple articles in the likes of Australasian Lawyer and Lawyers Weekly, combined with the above sources, I'm verging on the side of keep.

 * If we decide on delete, another option would be to merge any content worth retaining into the article for Dentons, which poached the Sydney and Perth offices of Gadens. Meticulo (talk) 23:27, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Except that the firm still exists in its own right, that might be appropriate if the entire firm had merged, but I understand your point. Bookscale (talk) 11:14, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Of the 4 non-paywalled sources you listed, I think only the courier mail article is even borderline significant. The other three are mostly about other things that happen to include mentions of Gadens.  True, two of them are about a settlement between Gadens and a (probably now former) client, but the information there about Gadens is primary coverage, not secondary analysis.  The titles on the pay-walled articles do look promising.  Does anybody have access to be able to check them who is willing to give short analyses of the articles? Rockphed (talk) 11:33, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * The Courier-Mail article is a short article on partners being poached, but the Australian article is a long articles about the establishment of the firm's Singapore office in 20113 (which was discussed in detail in the context of the liberalisation of Singapore's legal market), the AFR articles discuss the takeover of the Sydney and Perth offices by Dentons and then the re-establishment of a new Sydney office under the Gadens name. The second and third articles show the most notability. I'd agree with the sentiment that there are likely to be some offline sources discussing the firm (including probably under its older names e.g. Gadens Ridgeway and whatever it was known as before that). Bookscale (talk) 12:21, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Thank you. That sounds like articles that meet WP:ORGCRIT, so I am changing my vote to Keep. Rockphed (talk) 17:59, 25 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Comment: I've rewritten the article. Suggestions and further edits invited. Thanks, Meticulo (talk) 03:36, 30 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Commment - thanks Meticulo - article is looking better. Bookscale (talk) 10:13, 30 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gadens


text:
Portal:New York City/DYK

Updated: 6:33, 14 February 2024
 * ... that nearly a quarter of the patients at the Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center in New York City are criminally insane?
 * ... that Lucy Feagin founded the Feagin School of Dramatic Art in New York City, where talent scouts for radio, screen, and stage were always present to watch her senior students' plays?
 * ... that the Midtown Theater was nowhere near Midtown?
 * ... that Brooklyn Nine-Nine actress Melissa Fumero is the daughter of Cubans who fled to the U.S. as teenagers?
 * ... that New York City's Mansfield Hotel was developed by two neighbors from Vermont, one of whom later served as Vermont's governor?
 * ... that indie musician Sufjan Stevens composed the score for the 2014 ballet Everywhere We Go, choreographed by Justin Peck for the New York City Ballet?
 * ... that a New York City office building was nicknamed for its resemblance to a lipstick tube?
 * ... that a 1 a.m. phone call resulted in financier George D. Gould joining the efforts to stave off New York City's near-bankruptcy in 1975?

title: Portal:New York City/DYK


text:
Pavel Ustinov

Pavel Ustinov (Павел Устинов) (born 26 December 1995 in Krasnoyarsk Krai) is a Russian actor. He is well known for being arrested at the 2019 Moscow protests and then falsely accused of assaulting a police officer, despite videographic evidence proving his innocence. He was then sentenced to 3.5 years in prison. This has led to widespread public backlash, from teachers to priests, and has resulted in the Russian courts commuting his prison sentence and granting him parole.

Biography
Ustinov moved to Moscow after attending school. He graduated in 2017 from Konstantin Raikin's The Higher School of Performing Arts. After graduation, he served with the Russian National Guard and policed the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

He has starred in the television series Morozov and has come to star in Fyodor Bondarchuk's film Attraction (2017).

2019 Moscow protests
Ustinov was standing at Pushkin Square in August 2019 as he was surrounded and beaten by riot police amidst the 2019 Moscow protests. The protests were held in response to the rejection of many independent candidates by the Moscow City Election Commission (MCEC) in the 2019 election at Moscow City Duma and were the largest held in Russia after the 2011–2013 Russian protests. He was arrested and held on numerous charges in relation to the mass protests. The Tverskoy District Court found him guilty of dislocating a riot police's shoulder and sentenced him to 3.5 years in prison. However, the court did not review the videos showing Ustinov not participating in the protests nor attacking the police.

This ruling rallied a massive backlash from the public, including the city's theatre community, entertainment industry professionals, and the Russian Orthodox Church. The protest campaign to the ruling included director Andrey Zvyagintsev, former presidential candidate Ksenia Sobchak, and actors Danila Kozlovsky, Sergey Bezrukov, Maksim Vitorgan and Yelizaveta Boyarskaya. Actor Konstantin Raikin of the Satirikon Theater called it a "misunderstanding that could have a tragic end." The Memorial human rights group declared Ustinov a political prisoner.

On 18 September 2019 a queue to picket was held outside the Presidential Administration Office. In Russia, only a single person can demonstrate without prior permission.

On 20 September 2019 Ustinov was released pending trial, citing his previous military service and personal recommendation from Konstantin Raikin. The prosecutors also changed their stance amidst escalating protests, saying that while they do not dispute Ustinov's guiltiness, they admit that the sentence is too harsh. They had originally asked for six years of prison time. The court also agreed to review video at the later trial.

His case was later commuted to a one-year suspended sentence, granting him parole, by an appeal court.

title: Pavel Ustinov


text:
Del Rodgers

Rodrick Del Rodgers (born June 22, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Utah Utes and was the first 1,000 yard rusher in the school's history. Rodgers was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 1982 NFL Draft. He was hired by KCRA 3 in 1997.

Pro football career
From 1982 to 1985, Rodgers played for the Packers. On December 9, 1984, he made a 97-yard kick return for a touchdown against the Chicago Bears, which remains a Soldier Field Record by an opponent that still stands today. After a one-year absence from the league because of an injury, he made a come back and played two years with the San Francisco 49ers from 1987–1988, earning a Super Bowl championship for the 1988 season.

Sports broadcasting
In 1985, Rodgers’ first television foray was when he joined KMST-TV in Monterey, CA. Later on he joined KSBW-TV in Salinas, CA. He then moved on to KIRO-TV in Seattle, WA before joining WXIA-TV. Del Rodgers is the Sports Director at KCRA in Sacramento, CA. He joined the KCRA 3 Sports department in 1997. Del, who is well loved and respected, was promoted to sports director after three years. He currently anchors the sportscasts Monday through Friday.

title: Del Rodgers


text:
akronym

Noun

 * 1) acronym (word formed by initial letters)

Noun

 * 1) acronym (word formed by initial letters)

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) an acronym

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) an acronym

Noun

 * 1) acronym

title: akronym


text:
Talk:Suspense

zeigarnik effect
I will a merger suggestion from zeigarnik effect to here, because I firmly believe it to be identical. I wrote an opinion piece on it about fifteen years ago that, in English, illustrated the effect, just a little bit in the exemplary way. BrewJay (talk) 10:24, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Why does Zeigarnik effect redirect to this page? Suspense as a dramatic device is a much larger concept than the Zeigarnik effect, a well-known cognitive bias that should be described in its own specific context.  --Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:17, 7 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Thank you Rapscallion for finding and restoring the text on the "Zeigarnik Effect". I trust that you don't mind me changing the section name to Suspense as education was just one aspect of it. -- Thinking of England (talk) 08:57, 12 August 2009 (UTC)

 * What is frustrating to me is that "Zeigarnik Effect" is not mentioned at all in this article... I had to go rooting around the internet to get the idea. Did the reference get deleted?  I'm tempted to add at least a link to the article on Bluma Zeigarnik, but that article only mentions that she discovered it... and that's about it; I don't feel qualified to write much on the topic other than, say, paraphrasing her work (assuming I could find it).  Got here from article Twist ending re movies. -Rapscallion (talk) 14:31, 2 August 2009 (UTC)

 * It can be undone. A vote for it being undone is on Talk:Zeigarnik_effect, and someone changed the education heading to "Zeigarnik Effect" since the merjer was completed, which was not necessary, because it was already in the text (his complaint was that it was not in the text). A lot of the scholarly references came from Zeigarnik Effect, so if anyone is sure that the lead sentence for Zeigarnik Effect does not explain a connection, then I can either undo the merjer or go into more depth with a connection. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:43, 12 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I don't see the vote there that you speak of -- just a question about where the content went (before) Rapscallion restored it here. Are you suggesting that if should be unmerged, and if so, why?  I'm not necessarily opposed to it, but I've only heard issue raised with the missing content, not with the merger itself.  -- Thinking of England (talk) 08:57, 12 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Looks like the deal is done at the moment. I will try to read other languages and see if anything else can be said about this, because the translations are not unanimous. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:06, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

 * The leftward language was tricky (four buttons reversed, kept looking for save on the left), and all languages referred to here are mirrored at destinations.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:56, 14 August 2009 (UTC)

 * <IP_ADDRESS>, I appreciate what you are doing, but I don't think your pronunciation works: Zeigarnik (Zawee ''-gawr-nik' ) effect.
 * WP:PRON does say we should use IPA, and that other styles may be used only in addition. I assume that you are using a "pronunciation respelling", but I can't make sense of it.  Did you really mean "Zaweeg", and how do you say "gawr"?  ("nik" I can handle.)  Perhaps my psychology professors overly Americanized it, but they used a straight forward pronunciation of three syllables, the first with the expected diphthong, the second carrying the stress.  This is my first attempt at IPA, but here is how I understand it: Zeigarnik effect .  I have not yet been able to locate any reference giving its pronunciation, and I've not attempted to tackle WP:IPA for Russian. -- Thinking of England (talk) 20:44, 14 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I have never heard of this effect before, but right off the bat it looks like a claim that needs to be put under scientific scrutiny, because I think that yet again it is coming about from someone not understanding the difference between cause and effect. See the wikipedia article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation. It is not just entirely plausible but extremely likely because Akham's Razor favors this conclusion, that even if this is an observable phenomenon, that people remember uncompleted tasks better than completed ones not because of a direct relation between uncompleted tasks and how well they remember it, but because they TRY to remember uncompleted tasks for their own reasons. In other words, the waiter makes an EFFORT to remember the orders that haven't been paid for and consciously decides the ones that have been paid for no longer matter and can be forgotten about. Then this whole "effect" would simply come about from a much broader phenomenon that makes more sense from an engineering perspective of the human brain, that people remember things they actively try to remember better than things they decide it is ok to forget about! This is just like the rationale that students should be forced to take more advanced math classes because those who do on average make more money when they get jobs; it isn't taking the more advanced math classes that causes this, it is that the smarter people ELECT to take the more advanced math classes, and the smarter people make more money when they get jobs! The most extreme example of this fallacy I have heard is the point made by the fake religion Pastafarianism, a satirical argument that the decline of pirates on the open sea is the cause of global warming. Clearly with the passage of time, there has been a decline of pirates, and a rise in global warming, but both of these are effects of a common cause, the passage of time, one does not cause the other. In that case, it wouldn't help in the least to have uncompleted study sessions. An example more directly related to this one would be like if I rent a bunch of DVDs and save them on my hard drive until I watch them to the very end, at which point I delete them. Some extremely naive observer to this who doesn't understand the motivation for my use of the deletion function might conclude that the computer is better at remembering movies when they have not been played to the very end, because they get deleted when the movies are played to the very end, and thus suggests that in the interest of better preserving movies, that they should not be viewed to the very end so that they are not deleted. --Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:01, 7 March 2011 (UTC)

 * It really is not at all clear in this page how the Zeigarnik Effect relates to "the feeling of pleasurable fascination and excitement mixed with apprehension, tension, and anxiety developed from a unpredictable, mysterious, and rousing source of entertainment" that summarizes what suspense is as the current first sentence of this article. It doesn't seem appropriate here, but if it really is then some more effort should be made to connect the two rather than just bolding the word "suspend" as if that phrasing makes it obvious. Vttale (talk) 15:32, 23 April 2013 (UTC)

 * I noticed that Zeigarnik Effect was defined both here and as a section under the Bluma Zeigarnik article. I have changed the redirect and added a "Main article" reference here pointing to the other article as I believe that is a far more appropriate place for an authoritative description of the term.  I do agree with other comments in that I'm dubious whether this section belongs in this article at all, as it does not even attempt to explain how the effect relates to the concept of suspense (the Zeigarnik Effect is explicitly about memory recall, not emotional response).  While it is possible that it deserves mention here, I suspect the section should be rewritten to be more appropriate to this article, or possibly just dropped entirely.. -- Foogod (talk) 21:22, 9 May 2013 (UTC)

In Popular Media
This section does not address "suspense" as it relates to popular media. It links to thriller as genre, which is relevant, but the rest of the section only discusses suspense generally. Also, it is not academic language. I recommended incorporating some of this information into the general suspense section and removing the rest. — Preceding unsigned comment added by J Andy Kane (talk • contribs) 20:06, 22 March 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Suspense


text:
The Woman in White (1982 TV series)

The Woman in White is a British mystery television series adapted from the novel of the same title by Wilkie Collins. It first aired on BBC 2 in five parts between 14 April and 12 May 1982.

Main cast

 * Diana Quick as Marian Halcombe
 * Ian Richardson as Frederick Fairlie
 * John Shrapnel as Sir Percival Glyde
 * Jenny Seagrove as Laura Fairlie
 * Kevin Elyot as Louis
 * Alan Badel as Count Fosco
 * Daniel Gerroll as Walter Hartright
 * Georgine Anderson as Countess Fosco
 * Anna Lindup as Fanny
 * Deirdra Morris as Anne Catherick
 * Anna Wing as Mrs. Clements
 * Carol MacReady as Mrs. Michelson
 * Jeannie Crowther as Margaret Porcher
 * Andrew Carr as Fletcher
 * Hilary Sesta as Madame Rubelle
 * Pauline Jameson as Mrs. Catherick

title: The Woman in White (1982 TV series)


text:
Brantes

Brantes (Brantas) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

title: Brantes


text:
NetTop

NetTop is an NSA project to run Multiple Single-Level systems with a Security-Enhanced Linux host running VMware with Windows as a guest operating system.

NetTop has.

title: NetTop


text:
Lönsboda GoIF

Lönsboda GoIF is a sports club in Lönsboda, Sweden, established on 24 September 1930 as a merger out of Lönsboda IF, Lönsboda GF, Lönsboda CK and Lönsboda Pingpongklubb. The women's soccer team played five seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978 and 1982.

title: Lönsboda GoIF