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User:Vuara/Who is Phoenician and who is Arab today

Phoenicia, Phoenicians of the Present: Who is Phoenician and who is Arab today?

Living Phoenicians Who is Phoenician and who is Arab today? “The invaders of Phoenicia NEVER REPLACED the original population even when they added to their genetic diversity.”
 * http://www.phoenicia.org/testimonial.html
 * http://www.phoenicia.org/christiansmea.html

“Are we arab? Are we Phoenician?”

“The majority come from the original Phoenicians who speak a language (or dialect) which is a mixture of Syriac, Aramaic, Turkish, and colloquial Arabic, as well as a some other languages.” Multicultural, Multiethnic, Poly-religious, Poly-sectarian Middle East and the Need for Tolerance Political Statement: The tensions and turmoils that continue to haunt the world cannot be solved without genuine will for coexistance, tolerance and peaceful dialogue. The complex makeup of minorities from all religions, sects, ethnic or cultural groups of the Near East must be allowed free expression of their unique characteristics, traditons and cultures within the accepted freedoms of the civilized world. Such communities should be protected from persecution, extermination, intimidation or subordination by majorities that choose to employ religious laws that infringe on the human rights of others. The multicultural, multiethnic, poly-religious and poly-sectarian communities of this part of the world must exercise extreme caution in preserving the uniquness of their diverse society which is the corner stone in enriching their part of the world.

Religion and Culture A MUST SEE: Photographic galleries of Phoenicia through the lens of Peter Brown, a Lithuanian/ Scottish American. Visit his site by clicking on the image of Tyre below. After the Arab invasion of the Middle East in the 7th Century and the enforced conversion of most of the population to Islam, the cultures of the various peoples under this occupation became diluted into the new order. However, ancient cultures survived in the rites of various churches of the East. The mosaic of religions in the Middle East became the repository of culture while the unique identities of the peoples of that part of the Mediterranean was changed for ever. For example, the Assyrian Church and Chaldean Church (or see "Who are the Chaldeans") in Iraq, Georgia, Persia, and Turkey preserved the cultures of the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians; the Coptic Church in Egypt preserved the culture of Pharaonic Egypt; the Syriac Orthodox Church, (whose Patriach Ignatius Khalaf 1455-1483 may have been my ancestor; see also Suryoyo) -- relative to Syriac language, dialect of Aramaic -- in Syria, Lebanon, Persia and Iraq preserved the culture of the Syrian Jacobites/Phoenicians; the Greco-Phoenician of the Byzantine Church (or see The History of Melkites in this site and Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East and Greek Catholic Melkite Patriarchate of Antioch, Jerusalem, Alexandria and All the East in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Egypt and Israel/Palestine preserved the Greek Byzantine culture; and the Maronite Church in Lebanon, Syria, Israel/Palestine, and Cyprus preserved the culture of the Phoenicians. Several of the aforesaid churches are or have sister easter Catholic rites churches which did separate from their original churches and came in communion with the Papacy (see Opus Libani) while the others remained in their Eastern Orthodox tradition. Further, all of these churches and their cultures have immigrant branches all over the world. For a detailed list of links about the various peoples and churches mentioned herewith, please refer to "Related resources and links about Phoenicia and the Forgotten Christians of the East" (Related Links About Phoenicia) on this website.

It must be noted, in this brief summary, that a predominent majority of the Phoenician Christian community which resided in cities of Phoenicia Maritima became Byzantinized or took on "western" Byzantine customes, dress, rites and liturgy. Meanwhile, Phoenician communities of the mountains, which were cut off from contact with the outside world, maintained a more authentic Phoenician Maronite and Syriac traditions, customes, rites, language and culture.

Byzantine Psaltica Chants During ceremonial Holy Liturgy, chants honoring Lebanese bishops and archbishops continue to be recited to this day proclaiming them "Metropolitan Archbishops of Phoenicia Maritima."

Following are translations of the text of two of these Byzantine chants, as well as link to their MP3 audio files.

Archbishop of Beirut, specifically composed and written to the late Metropolitan Archbishop Eliya Saleebi:

"Father of fathers and shepherd of shepherds, Eliya, most virtuously righteous and most honorable, who is appointed by God as bishop of Beirut and its suburbs. He who is most revered in graciousness and who is most preeminent in leadership, Metropolitan of Phoenicia Maritima. Our father and archbishop, may his years be many." (performed with difficulty by the author* of this site) (MP3 file Beirut)

 * I used to hear this chant when I went to Holy Liturgy at the Orthodox Monastery in my hometown when archbishop Eliya Saleebi was the celebrant. I am not absolutely sure of the right words but I believe I got the hymnology as close to the original as I can remember.

Archbishop of Tripoli, specifically composed and written to the Metropolitan Archbishop Elias:

"May God the Lord Almighty keep for many years, his beatitude and most revered graciousness, Metropolitan of Tripoli and all of Phoenicia Maritima, our father and our master, Kyrios Elias. God keep for many years." (performer unknown) (MP3 file, Tripoli)

Who is Arab? The origin of the word "Arab" Hitherto, the first actual use of the word Arab in history is to be found in an Assyrian inscription of 853 B.C., commemorating the defeat of a mutinous chieftain, called Gindibu the Aribi during the reign of king Shalmaneser III (858-824 B.C.). Arabs are then mentioned quite often, until the 6th century B.C. as Aribi or Arabuthat indicates a vassalage to the Assyrians. The first Greek who is accredited to have acquired some geographical knowledge was Homer, who flourished in 1000 or 800 B.C. He has referred to the Syrians under the name Arimi (the Biblical, Aram) and the Arabs under the name of Erembi. The place-name Arabia occurs for the first time in Greek writings. Herodotus (484-425 B.C,), followed by most other Greek and Latin writers, extended the term Arabia and Arab to the whole peninsula and everything in it, even including the eastern desert of Egypt between the Red Sea and the Nile. References to the Arabs, in addition, are also found in the anonymous "Periplus of the Erythraean Sea" (between 95 A.D. and 130 A.C.). The word Saracen, first used in Greek literature too, is a transcription of an Arabic word meaning "easterner." As for the Arabs' use of the word, it occurs for the first time in the ancient epigraphical material originating in southern Arabia, where it is clearly used for Bedouin. In the north, the word is used firstly in the 4th century A.D., in one of the oldest surviving records of the language that became classical Arabic.

Further account of the Arabs comes in the 10th chapter of Genesis of the Old Testament, which names the descendants of Noah, whose elder son, Shem is regarded as the ancestor of the Hebrews, Arabs and Armaens, - the speakers of Semitic language. But the term Arabs is not explicitly mentioned in Genesis. It is however suggested that the "mixed multitude" (Hebrew, erev) mentioned in Exodus (xii, 38) as having accompanied the Israelites into the wanderness from Egypt may be for Arabs. According to "Dictionary of the Bible" (ed. by James Hastings, New York, 1898, 1st vol., p. 135), "The employment of the name Arab for an inhabitant of any portion of the vast peninsula known to us as Arabia, begins somewhere in the 3rd century B.C., though the only trace of it in Old Testament is in the 2 ch., 21, where the Arabians that are near the Ethiopeans' would seem naturally to refer to the neighbours of the Habasha, whence there are grounds for placing in the extreme south of Yamen." The word arabia is expressly given to this country in the Old Testament (I Kings x. 15) when describing the visit of the Queen Sheba to Sololmon, which took place 1005 B.C. We also find the word arabah in Deut. i. 7 and ii. 8. Some writers hold that the village called Arabah, situated near Tehama, may be the name for the whole peninsula, an opinion scarcely deserving the least notice.

In the Bible, the name Arab is the first word used in the second book of Chronicles (xvii, 11) to refer to nomads from the east bank of the Jordan river in the time of king Jehosophat (900-800 B.C.), such as "...and the Arabians brought him flocks, seven thousand and seven hundred rams, and seven thousand and seven hundred he- goats."

The word arab or arabah is probably derived from a Semitic root related to nomadism. In the Arabic language, the word arab (derived from i'rab), means "those who speak clearly" as contrast with ajam (those who speak indistincly). In Holy Koran, the word arab has never used for the country of Arabia, but characterised the residence of Ismail, the son of Abraham as an "uncultivated land." In the time of Ismail his place of residence had no name, therefore, it was given the name of an "uncultivated land." In the Old Testament, the word midbar is used for Ismail's home, meaning a desert or a barren land, which closely corresponds to the Koranic description.

The peninsula was divided by the ancient geographers into Arabia Petraea, Arabia Felix and Arabia Deserta. The Arabia Petraea corresponded to the present Hijaz and eastern Najd. Arabia Felix to Yamen and Hazarmawt and Arabia Deserta comprised the rest of the country. Arab Peninsula (jazirat al-Arab) is situated in south-west Asia, embosomed with sea waters on its three sides, i.e., the Red Sea in the west, the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the east, and the Arabian Sea in the south; is considered to be a largest peninsula in the world with an area of about 1,230,000 sq. miles, i.e., about one third of Europe, or almost six times bigger than France, ten times that of Italy and eight times bigger than Switzerland. Geographically it is an extention of the Sahara desert. It is divided into various parts of which Hijaz, Najd, Yamen, Hazarmawt and Oman are most important. The whole land is almost barren. The climate is extremely hot in summer and the coastal tracts are among the most torrid regions.

Where are the Phoenicians today? “The invaders of Phoenicia NEVER REPLACED the original population even when they added to their genetic diversity.” “Are we arab? Are we Phoenician?” “The majority come from the original Phoenicians who speak a language (or dialect) which is a mixture of Syriac, Aramaic, Turkish, and colloquial Arabic, as well as a some other languages.” As indicated earlier, the inhabitants of the countries that fell under Arab domination were forced to convert to Islam. However, a considerable number refused the new faith and remained steadfast in their Christian faith. Therefore, many Phoenician Christians became Muslims and their identity, as a separate people, was lost. At the same time, other Phoenician Christians kept their Byzantine, Maronite, Syriac, Assyrian or Chaldean (Coptic in Egypt) faith and are now able to identify their culture. These Phoenicians whether Christian or Muslim (who do not have a possible identifier of their Phoenician origin such as those of the Christian sects) -- see " Am I Phoenician?" in this site -- are spread all over the world. Despite the illusion that the Phoenicians of today live in Lebanon, Syria, and Israel/Palestine, or come from these countries; they can be found almost any where around the globe; and come from Phoenicia proper or its far away colonies. Many people from Spain, Tunisia, Sicily, Sardinia and other Mediterranean shores are of Phoenician descent (or descendants of immigrants from these places). They still proudly claim their Phoenician origin.

There are very few places in the world where one does not find a Phoenician buying or selling something under the pseudonym of Lebanese descendent. Phoenician trade is very much alive and well whether in Seattle, Washington, USA; Sydney, Australia; Cape Town, South Africa; São Pãulo, Brazil; or Paris, France.

Who is Phoenician and who is Arab today? A question which many people struggle with today.

In response to this question which I get asked very often, I am publishing below one of my standard explanation or responses to this question. I am publishing exerpts of the letter as is, in a letter form, until I produce a detailed essay on the subject:

You question is very valid especially at a time when the Lebanese of the old country are defeated with too many powers that pull and push on them in many ways: politically, emotionally, economically and spiritually.

It is not really possible for me to give you a complete, full and logical answer to your question in a short e-mail. I will, however, give you a summery of my studies and direct you to my website where a brief and incomplete attempt to answer the question is further developed.

Simply put, the Lebanese, Syrians and Palestinians come from mostly Phoenician blood which is a mix of the original Canaanites and the blood of invading armies that occupied that part of the world. Though the original stock of the population got mixed with invaders along the ages, they (the invaders) never **REPLACED** the population. This means that up till around the year 630+ A.D. Phoenicia as a political entity was still there and so were its people. Invading Arabs did NOT replace the population but subjugated many of them into Islam while the rest remained Christian. Simply put the population of the eastern Mediterranean is mostly made of the original Canaanite Phoenician people. The present population both Christian and Muslim continues to be Phoenician stock and those people were NOT put to death or exterminated and replaced by Arabs. To learn more about this particular subject, please visit my web page entitled "Living Phoenicians" http://phoenicia.org/today.html (actually this very page).

Having said this, I am not saying that all the Muslims in Lebanon, Syria and Palestine are pure Phoenicians but that in their majority they come from Phoenician blood. The problem with the Muslim community is the fact that they have no repository of heritage that survives to this day because Islam separated them from that heritage. The repository of heritage is to be found in Christian sects and their rites, chants, iconography, building and language: Syriac and Aramaic languages of the Syraic Orthodox and Syriac Catholic churches, Maronites. The Byzantine Orthodox and Catholic were westernized or Byzantinized Phoenicians who employed Greek -- much like the Lebanese speak French today. All this is explained in the page mentioned above.

Finally, I must include that few, very few Arabs and Christians were mixed into the Phoenician community. Specifically, the Ghassanides (Ghassasina in Arabic) were Yemeni Christians who immigrated to the area of north Jordan and south Syria. They were Sabaeans which many historians do not consider Arab based on archaeological evidence while the Koran mentions them as Arabs. Anyway, these Ghassanides were thought to be Arab because they came from Yemen after the Dam of Maarib broke and their economic life was messed up in Yemen. These people were of dark complexion, frizzy hair and thin lips. The Christian Gibarah family of Marj3yoon has roots from these people. It is important to note that the Gibarah family dialect or language is considerably other Aramaic and Syriac rich language of other Lebanese. Some other families may have had Ghassanide blood but knowing how far the persecution of Christians and their forced conversion to Islam over the centuries decimated the Christian communities of the east, it is very unlikely that many Ghassanides survived the ravages of history. Many of them were Jacobites who were persecuted into extermination.

Converts to Christianity were very very few in the whole Middle East with the exception of some of the Princes of Lebanon such the Chehab, Abillamah...etc. Most Christians converted to Islam than otherwise. This means to say that the higher percentage of Arab blood among the Phoenician Muslim population may have come to the Christian community but in very minute measures.

So, to answer your question "Are we arab? Are we Phoenician," I would confirm to you in the majority we are Phoenicians who speak a mixture of Syriac, Aramaic, and colloquial Arabic. This applies to most of the Lebanese and the Syrians, especially all the way up on the Mediterranean shore. Many Palestinians are of Phoenician origin too.

If you come from Christian or Muslim origin from that part of the world, you are Phoenician by heritage. If I were you, I would be proud of that and 900 pages in my website is out there for you to learn from.

How many Phoenician words do you know? A study is underway to analyze spoken Lebanese and other similar languages/dialects of the Near East with Aramaic and Syriac to determine how these latter ancient languages continue to be used in the very-day language of people. Further, the study will include similarities with Maltese, the language of Malta, and identify similarity with Lebanese.

What is the status of the Christian minorities of Phoenician Christians and and other Christians in the Middle East Read about the shattered Christian minorities in the Middle East by following this link.


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Ferdinand Giovanni Schediwy

Ferdinand Giovanni Schediwy (2 June 1801 – 12 October 1877) was a Norwegian conductor, composer, organist and teacher. He immigrated from Prague to Bergen, Norway, where he became very active in the musical environment. He was Edvard Grieg's first music teacher and became leader of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra (then called Harmonien) in 1827.

Ferdinand Giovanni Schediwy is not related to Franz Schediwy, founder and owner of a company under the same name in Ludwigsburg, Germany, which manufactured and sold brass instruments for orchestral use.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ferdinand Giovanni Schediwy


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Moss Cass

Moses Henry Cass (18 February 1927 – 26 February 2022) was an Australian doctor and politician who held ministerial office in the Whitlam government. He served as Minister for Environment and Conservation (1972–1975), the Environment (1975), and the Media (1975). He represented the Division of Maribyrnong in the House of Representatives from 1969 to 1983.

Early life
Cass was born in Narrogin, Western Australia to Jewish parents who had fled Tsarist Russia to escape antisemitism. His paternal grandfather, Moses Cass, was born in Białystok, Vistula Land, Tsarist Russia (now Poland), arriving in Perth in 1906.

Cass studied medicine at the University of Sydney and during the 1950s and 1960s worked as a registrar at hospitals in Sydney, London and Melbourne. He was a research fellow at Melbourne's Royal Children's Hospital and conducted research into the use of a heart–lung machine for open-heart surgery. He was the first medical director (from 1964 to 1969) of the Trade Union Clinic and Research Centre, which became the Western Region Health Centre (now merged into the cohealth community health organisation).

He became known as a proponent of abortion law reform and was the spokesman for the Abortion Reform Association. On a radio broadcast in June 1969, Cass stated "I have certainly broken the law on numerous occasions by sending patients to other doctors for the purpose of having abortions induced." He stated that he had performed abortions "every weekend" at Royal North Shore Hospital while undergoing his residency and that he was "sure that most doctors are in the same position".

Politics
Cass joined the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in 1955. He ran for the Kew City Council in 1961 but lost after the distribution of preferences. He stood in safe Liberal seats at the 1961 and 1963 elections, running against Prime Minister Robert Menzies in Kooyong and John Jess in La Trobe.

At the 1969 federal election, Cass defeated incumbent Liberal MP Philip Stokes in the Division of Maribyrnong. He was appointed Minister for Environment and Conservation following the election of the Whitlam government in 1972. He appointed marine biologist Don McMichael as his departmental secretary. Cass held the second-lowest rank in cabinet, above only science minister Bill Morrison. He was assisted in his environmental protection efforts by Rex Connor, the Minister for Minerals and Energy. Connor used his seniority in the party to overcome opposition to Cass's proposals, notably helping secure the passage of the Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974.

Cass was unsuccessful in seeking to prevent the flooding of Lake Pedder in Tasmania. Nonetheless, he did lay the groundwork for the end of sandmining on Fraser Island and government protection of the Great Barrier Reef. In 1975 he led parliamentarians and ALP branch members in expressing concerns about the effects of uranium mining. A key concern was the adverse effect that uranium mining would have on the northern Aboriginal people. Cass said: "nuclear energy creates the most dangerous, insidious and persistent waste products, ever experienced on the planet".

In October 1973, Cass seconded former prime minister John Gorton's motion for the decriminalisation of homosexuality, which was successful although it had no legal effect. He also argued for the decriminalisation of marijuana.

In April 1975, Cass's title was changed to just "Minister for the Environment", at his own request. He said the previous title was too long and redundant. In June 1975, Cass relinquished the environment portfolio and instead was appointed Minister for the Media. He announced plans for a voluntary Australian Press Council, but in September stated that a voluntary council would not be sufficient. He was criticised by Rupert Murdoch, who stated it was "sinister" and constituted censorship. Cass stated that the proposal had been subjected to "bizarre distortion and hysterical over-reaction" by some sections of the press.

Following the dismissal of the government and Labor's defeat at the 1975 election, Cass was named opposition spokesman for health in Whitlam's shadow cabinet. When Bill Hayden replaced Whitlam as opposition leader in December 1977, Cass was given the portfolio of immigration and ethnic affairs. He supported cutting immigration, stating there were not enough jobs for migrants. In 1978, he stated that there was "considerable organisation" behind Vietnamese boat people coming to Australia.

Cass announced in June 1982 that he would not recontest his seat at the next election.

Later life and death
In 1983, Cass chaired a review into the Australian Institute of Multicultural Affairs. In the same year he was appointed by the Hawke government to the council of the National Museum of Australia.

Cass served as chair of the Australian National Biocentre from 2002 to 2003. He was also patron of the Sustainable Living Foundation and an honorary fellow at the Melbourne University School of Land and Environment.

In 2007, Cass was a founding member of Independent Australian Jewish Voices, a "breakaway group from Australia's main pro-Israel Jewish lobby organisations". During the Gaza War of 2009, he signed a statement condemning Israel's "grossly disproportionate military assault".

His second child Deborah Cass was an academic lawyer at the London School of Economics whose writings and teaching were widely admired in Australia and overseas. The Deborah Cass writing prize, a national writing prize for first and second generation migrant writers, was created after her death.

Cass died on 26 February 2022, at the age of 95.

Quotes
Cass is incorrectly believed by some to be the originator of the saying, "We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children" (although a similar paraphrase was used earlier by the environmental activist Wendell Berry). On 13 November 1974, when Cass was environment minister, he gave a speech in Paris to the meeting of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Borrowing heavily from Native American proverbs and traditions, he said: "We rich nations, for that is what we are, have an obligation not only to the poor nations, but to all the grandchildren of the world, rich and poor. We have not inherited this earth from our parents to do with it what we will. We have borrowed it from our children and we must be careful to use it in their interests as well as our own. Anyone who fails to recognise the basic validity of the proposition put in different ways by increasing numbers of writers, from Malthus to The Club of Rome, is either ignorant, a fool, or evil."

Cass's version was a longer explanation than the original, traditional proverb.

Cass has been cited as the first person to use the term "queue jumping" in reference to asylum seekers, in a 1978 opinion column in The Australian.

title: Moss Cass


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Portal:Transport and traffic engineering

Transport engineering (or transportation engineering) is the science of safe and efficient movement of people and goods (transport). It is often considered a sub-discipline of civil engineering.

The design aspects of transport engineering include the sizing of transportation facilities (how many lanes or how much capacity the facility has), determining the materials and thickness used in pavement, designing the geometry (vertical and horizontal alignment) of the roadway (or track).

Operations and management involve traffic engineering, so that vehicles move smoothly on the road or track. Older techniques include signs, signals, markings, and tolling. Newer technologies involve intelligent transportation systems, including advanced traveler information systems (such as variable message signs), advanced traffic control systems (such as ramp meters), and vehicle infrastructure integration. Human factors are an aspect of transport engineering, particularly concerning driver-vehicle interface and user interface of road signs, signals, and markings.

Coursework
Transportation engineering is closely associated with other disciplines (please create new appropriate learning resources and link to them):
 * Traffic engineering (transportation) (Wikipedia)
 * Access management
 * Bicycle transportation engineering
 * Traffic calming
 * Walkability
 * Traffic Lighting and Light Pollution
 * Railroad engineering (Wikipedia)
 * Passenger rail terminology
 * Permanent way
 * Mechanical transport
 * Shinkansen
 * Maglev trains
 * Port and harbor engineering
 * Coastal engineering
 * Pilotage
 * Just-In-Time
 * Airport engineering
 * Airports, Air Traffic Control, and Airspace
 * Fire and emergency management/Airport Rescue Fire Fighter
 * If flying were like driving
 * Laws and Regulations of Air Transport
 * Transportation planning (Wikipedia)
 * Fused grid
 * Emergency pedestrian traffic movement
 * Permeability (spatial and transport planning)
 * Transportation and tourism
 * Urban planning (Wikipedia)
 * An example light pollution control ordinance
 * Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System

Additional Learning Resources

 * Fundamentals of Transportation at Wikibooks
 * Transportation Economics at Wikibooks

Research and Learning Projects

 * Compressed air kit car
 * Transport, politics and education
 * Lunar Boom Town:Tourist traffic
 * Alternate fuel fleet vehicles
 * Alternative vehicle use (scooters)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bradley Sands

The result of the debate was delete. Mailer Diablo 01:19, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Bradley Sands
Nn author of a book published last month, amazon sales rank of 183,000.Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 01:23, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete. 96 unique ghits, hardly notable. Roy  boy cr ash  fan  [[Image:Flag_of_Texas.svg|30px]] 01:39, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable author -- T B C [[Image:Confused-tpvgames.gif|18px|]] ???  ???   ??? 01:41, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. --Khoikhoi 04:07, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per aboce. StarTrek 16:52, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete for now, unless the book takes off. Oliver Keenan 20:47, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, as above. ProhibitOnions 20:51, 21 March 2006 (UTC)


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Talk:Mangelia posidonia

Orphaned references in Mangelia posidonia
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Mangelia posidonia's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "WoRMS": From Mangeliidae: Bouchet, P. (2011). Mangeliidae P. Fischer, 1883. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=153853 on 2017-02-23 From Gastropoda: WoRMS (2020). Gastropoda. Accessed at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=101 on 2020-09-29 From Mangelia:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 00:40, 3 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mangelia posidonia


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matsin

Etymology
, a verb based on, an early borrowing from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to grind, crush

title: matsin


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Langley Park, Perth

Langley Park is an open space in the central business district of Perth, Western Australia. Running alongside Riverside Drive, it is grassed, rectangular in shape and has approximate dimensions 900 x. It was created by reclaiming land from the adjacent Swan River between 1921 and 1935, to provide open space near the city.

As a pioneer of civil aviation in Western Australia, Major Norman Brearley used the park as an airstrip in the 1920s. That tradition continues with "fly-ins", where small aircraft land in the park. In 2003, to celebrate 100 years of powered flight, 10 aircraft – one representing each decade of the 20th century – landed. Aircraft have also used the park to perform emergency landings. In 1997 a Tiger Moth TMK had an engine failure and put down in the park. While not an official airfield, Langley Park makes Perth a place where fixed-wing aircraft can land in proximity to the central business district.

Modern usage
For many years, Langley Park's location made it a popular place to view the annual City of Perth Skyworks fireworks show on Australia Day, which were held over the river. After Skyworks' retirement in 2022, for 2023 Langley Park hosted a smaller fireworks display and drone show as a replacement for the event.

The Telstra Rally Australia World Rally Championship held events at the park for 11 years from 1992 to 2002, and once more in 2005.

During November 2006, 2007 and 2008, the final stage of the Red Bull Air Race World Series was held over the Swan River and Perth Water, using Langley Park as the airfield.

Cirque du Soleil has used the park many times for its shows whenever a big top touring production visits Australia. Shows performed at Langley Park have included Saltimbanco, Alegria, Quidam, Dralion, and Ovo.

On 30 September 2018, the park was the site of the West Coast Eagles homecoming celebrations after winning the 2018 AFL Grand Final.

title: Langley Park, Perth


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Murat River

The Murat River, also called Eastern Euphrates (Murat Nehri, Çemê Miradê, Արածանի), is a major source of the Euphrates River. The Ancient Greeks and Romans used to call the river Arsanias (Ἀρσανίας). It originates near Mount Ararat north of Lake Van, in Eastern Turkey, and flows westward for 722 km through mountainous terrain. Before the construction of the Keban Dam, the Murat River joined the Karasu River or Western Euphrates 10 km north of the dam site and 13 km north of the town of Keban.

In Muş Province, the river is interrupted near Toklu by the Alpaslan-1 Dam, which was completed in 2009. The Alpaslan-2 Dam was completed in 2021 and is located downstream of Alpaslan-1. The river merges into the reservoir of the Keban Dam, at one time Turkey's largest dam, which was completed in 1974 and provides electrical power.

In Bingöl and Elazığ provinces, Kalehan Energy has four dams planned for the river: from upstream to downstream, the Upper Kaleköy Dam, Lower Kaleköy Dam, Beyhan I Dam, and Beyhan II Dam. The Beyhan I and Upper Kaleköy dams are already completed. Once completed, all four dams will have a combined installed capacity of 1,855 MW.

Origin of the river name
The present name is usually connected with the Turkish given name Murat or the word from which that name derives, murat purpose, intention, desire. But this may be folk etymology, so Hrach Martirosyan tentatively proposes derivation from Old Armenian mōrat, murat mud, marsh.

The river was called Arșania in sources of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, and Arsanias in Classical Greek and Roman sources. Those forms may be derived from an earlier form of Armenian Արածանի Aratsani, which Armen Petrosyan derives from an Armenian descendant of the Proto-Indo-European root * white, bright. Armenian Aratsani may have developed from an earlier form *Artsani (whence Akkadian Arșania with the addition of the toponymic suffix -iya and Greek Arsanias) under the influence of many other Armenian toponyms beginning with Ara-.

Geology and geomorphology
The main source of the Murat River starts in the Diyadin district of Ağrı. The Kocasu River, which originates in the Bingöl Mountains, flows into the Murat River by the village of Sarıpınar village in the Bulanık district after taking the waters coming from the Akdoğan Mountains.

title: Murat River


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κλέφτης

Etymology
From from the ancient  with [pt] > [ft].

Noun

 * 1) thief, stealer
 * 2)  klepht member of an armed group of men who took refuge in the mountains, lived by stealing and fought against the Ottomans

Related terms
sense: thief

sense: klepht

title: κλέφτης


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Portal:Social Sciencesnew/Selected biography

Toward a theory of corporate governance in China's socialist market economy by User:Roadrunner. This article places corporate governance in the People's Republic of China into a global context. The convergence of historical factors resulted in restructuring of corporate and financial systems in China during the 1990's. The worst performing companies and state-owned enterprises have been restructured. With this phase of economic reform complete, the focus has now turned to making Chinese corporations world class global corporations incorporating the most modern management techniques.


text:
German/Level I/Das Fest

Lesson I.10: Das Fest

This lesson deals with the Christmas time in the German language countries, where you learn some traditions and vocabularies about Christmas. You'll also learn about "there is" and "there are" in German and about the dative case.

Dialogue
Read and listen to the following dialogue between mother and daughter: Roswitha and Anja. Both of them want to decorate for Christmas.

 * In Austria Adventkranz

Es gibt

 * The English words there is and there are are both in German es gibt. When you ask someone, if there's a snowman, you say Gibt es hier einen Schneemann?. Many German native speaker put the words gibt and es into gibt's.

Weihnachten in Deutschland
In Germany the advent season begins on Sunday four weeks before Christmas. It's the day where many families decorate their houses or flats, begin to bake some biscuits and start to sing some Christmas carols. One typical decoration is the advent wreath, which has four candles - one candle is lit in the first week, two candles in the second week, etc. - and normally stands on the dining table or on the coffee table. Another tradition, especially for children, is the advent calendar that you hang on the wall. They've often got 24 doors and you're only allowed to open one a day. Other typical Christmas decorations are a crib, a Räuchermann - a wooden figure that blows flavour of incense cones - in Northern Germany a Moosmann, Christmas pyramids and Schwibbogen and nutcrackers and poinsettias and much more. Most Christmas markets start in the first week of Advent. There you can buy some little Christmas presents, decorations, ride some carnival rides, and often drink some hot spiced wine - the children drink punch for children, listen to carolers and enjoy a warm, snowy atmosphere. On the 6th of December, German children celebrate St. Nicholas Day. The children put a boot in front of the door and wait until St. Nicholas brings little presents that are often sweets, walnuts, apples, tangerines and oranges. Bad children get birching by Knecht Ruprecht (which is now forbidden in Germany). Pupils do a secret Santa with other pupils on the last school days before the Christmas holidays, which are often two or three weeks long. St. Nicholas looks similar to Santa Claus who brings big presents on the evening of the 24th of December; in Southern Germany Christkind brings the presents. Most families decorate their Christmas trees on this day with Christmas baubles and tinsel and candles and so forth. After the Christmas dinner, the whole family sits next to the Christmas tree and exchanges gifts.

 * Do you have the Christmas spirit yet? -  Bist du schon in Weihnachtsstimmung?
 * Do you decorate your house this year? -  Schmückst du dieses Jahr dein Haus?
 * On St. Nicholas Day gets Julian a little present. - An Nikolaustag bekommt Julian ein kleines Geschenk.
 * The Queen takes every year a Christmas Day Speech.  -  Die Queen hält jedes Jahr eine Weihnachtsansprache.
 * The whole room is sweet with cinnamon. - Der ganze Raum duftet nach Zimt.

Dativsätze

 * The Dativ, also called 3. Fall or Wemfall is in the German language the third object.
 * Die Kokosmakronen gehören der Anja. - You ask: Wem gehören die Kokosmakronen? - the answer is: Der Anja (gehören die Kokosmakronen).
 * Lisa schenkt (dem) Björn ein Spekulatius - You ask: Wem schenkt Lisa ein Spekulatius? - the answer is: Dem Björn (schenkt Lisa ein Spekulatius).

Weihnachtsessen
das Plätzchen, der Keks        cookie die Ausstecher                 cookie cutter das Nudelholz                  rolling pin die Vanillekipferl             vanilla cornets der Lebkuchen                  gingerbread das Lebkuchenhaus              gingerbread house die Kokosmakrone               coconut macaroon die Spitzbuben                 jammy dodgers, linzer eye a biscuit with currant jam and icing powdered sugar die Pfeffernuss                spice nut der Christstollen              stollen die Marzipankartoffel          marzipan potato die Weihnachtsgans             Christmas goose der Weihnachtskarpfen          Christmas carp der Truthahn                   turkey Würstchen und Kartoffelsalat   sausages and potato salad das Spekulatius                almond biscuit der Baumkuchen                 pyramid cake der Mürbeteig                  shortcrust der Springerle                 springerle das Bethmännchen               bethmännchen typical Frankfurt marzipan biscuits der Zimtstern                  star-shaped cinnamon biscuit das Früchtebrot                fruitcake der Bratapfel                  roast apple der Dominostein                domino  a candy that you can eat in advent time die Zuckerstange               candy cane der Glühwein                   hot spiced wine der Kinderpunsch               punch for children das Kenkentjüch                kenkentjüch cookies from northern Germany die gebrannte Mandeln          roasted almonds das Weihnachtsessen            Christmas dinner das Hirschhornsalz             salt of harts horn der Zimt                       cinnamon der Puderzucker                icing powdered sugar das Aroma                      flavour

So in Swabian they call it Plätzle or Brötle and in Bavaria Platzerl. In Switzerland they call it Guetsli. In Austria and Bavaria they call it Nudelwalker and in Switzerland Wallholz.
 * In the southern part of Germany they have other words for Plätzchen.
 * Other names for Nudelholz are Teigrolle, Wellholz, Wälgerholz and Rollholz rare.

title: German/Level I/Das Fest


text:
User:Jury76/sandbox

Hello World! 10:42, (September 20, 2017)

el Don news Wikipedia article:

stuff to put in a Wikipedia for credibility

https://orangecountypressclub.com/resources/oc-media-directory/

title: User:Jury76/sandbox


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/sf-monheim.de

Links

 * sf-monheim.de resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Users
No users found.

Additions
No additions recorded.


text:
BC Bus North

BC Bus North is a public intercity bus service created by the Province of British Columbia after Greyhound Canada cancelled all services in British Columbia, leaving the Highway 16 and Highway 97 corridors without passenger transportation options. In its first month of operation, June 2018, the service saw 300 riders, while its second month saw an increase to 450 riders. While BC Transit does not operate BC Bus North or share branding, BC Bus North is listed as a public transit system by BC Transit.

Routes
BC Bus North operates four routes. Not all stops are listed below.

 * Prince George - Prince Rupert: Twice weekly service on highway 16 through Vanderhoof, Burns Lake, Smithers, Terrace, and Port Edward, and many other intermediate stops.
 * Prince George - Valemount: Twice weekly service on highway 16 through McBride and Tête Jaune Cache.
 * Prince George - Fort St. John: Twice weekly service on highway 97 through Mackenzie, Chetwynd, Dawson Creek, and six other intermediate stops.
 * Fort St. John - Fort Nelson: Twice weekly service with four intermediate stops.

title: BC Bus North


text:
User:Jwblase

John W. Blase is currently the Assistant Principal for New Tech High @ Zion-Benton East in Zion, Illinois. He has worked as the Lead English teacher at Round Lake High School in Round Lake, Illinois for two years, and taught high school English for nine.

His educational background consists of a Bachelor of Arts in English with a focus in writing from Illinois State University, a Master of Arts in Teaching degree with specialization in secondary education from National-Louis University, with further graduate work in Educational Administration from Aurora University.

He has taught AP English Language and Composition, courses in literature, both expository and creative writing at the high school level, and is working on the publication of several screenplays, poems, and short stories. Several of his letters have been published by the Chicago Tribune.

title: User:Jwblase


text:
Talk:Data structures

Dynamic allocation is a prerequisite to linked lists. It's odd to see it down there. It's odd to see it under this topic, anyway --Jorge 22:26, 24 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not an editor yet, but I agree that memory allocation should be in a concrete discussion, where this should be focused more on higher level theory. Historybuff 03:54, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Data structures


text:
2015 Qatar Total Open – Singles

Lucie Šafářová defeated Victoria Azarenka in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the singles tennis title at the 2015 WTA Qatar Open.

Simona Halep was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament.

Seeds
The top four seeds received a bye into the second round. • # 🇨🇿 Petra Kvitová (quarterfinals)

• # 🇷🇴 Simona Halep (withdrew)

• # Caroline Wozniacki (quarterfinals)

• # 🇵🇱 Agnieszka Radwańska (quarterfinals)

• # 🇷🇺 Ekaterina Makarova (second round)

• # 🇩🇪 Andrea Petkovic (quarterfinals)

• # 🇺🇸 Venus Williams (semifinals)

• # 🇩🇪 Angelique Kerber (first round)

• # 🇪🇸 Carla Suárez Navarro (semifinals)

Seeds
• # Belinda Bencic (first round)

• # 🇩🇪 Mona Barthel (first round)

• # 🇬🇧 Heather Watson (second round)

• # 🇨🇿 Klára Koukalová (first round)

• # 🇦🇺 Jarmila Gajdošová (second round)

• # 🇧🇪 Kirsten Flipkens (qualified)

• # 🇷🇸 Bojana Jovanovski (first round)

• # 🇩🇪 Julia Görges (withdrew)

Qualifiers
• # Stefanie Vögele

• # 🇧🇪 Kirsten Flipkens

• # Alexandra Dulgheru

• # 🇷🇺 Daria Gavrilova

Lucky loser

 * 1) 🇨🇳 Zheng Saisai

title: 2015 Qatar Total Open – Singles


text:
koominen

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from and adapted with the adjectival suffix.

Adjective

 * 1) comic, funny

title: koominen


text:
Talk:Ross Wallace

Team he supported
Ross Wallace supported Dundee FC not Dundee United FC.

 * I have removed it for now until someone provides a source to state the truth. It's pretty irrelevant who he supported anyway! Forbsey 01:58, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ross Wallace


text:
User:Willscrlt

Hi! I regularly visit the English Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, Meta-Wiki, and the English Wikibooks. I only edit here when I have some thing to do that will help improve this project. You may write to me here, but I will answer much faster if you leave a message on my talk page at Wikipedia, Commons, Meta, or Wikibooks Thanks!

Special pages

 * meta: My templates, userboxes, and other cross-wiki tools
 * commons: My internationalized content and information

Project-specific notes and reminders

 * Nothing yet

de:Benutzer:Willscrlt es:Usuario:Willscrlt fr:Utilisateur:Willscrlt it:Utente:Willscrlt pt:Utilizador:Willscrlt

title: User:Willscrlt


text:
Template talk:Citation/fcite web/doc

Message box
There is no requirement to use citation templates, and if an editor finds these templates helpful there is nothing to prevent their use; WP:CITEVAR says that if these are used they shouldn't be replaced by other methods. I can't find anything that says consensus is needed before using a newly created template, or linking to a newly created page, and there is no consensus against use of these templates, therefore the current message box appears to mislead. Peter E. James (talk) 00:30, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * see Village pump (technical). These were deployed to about 50 articles and broke a world of things. Absent a consensus on the matter, they should not be used other than as tests. See the several following threads, too. There are better solutions in the works than this. The note is to deter good faith users from re-opening this can of worms while the issue is discussed. Br'er Rabbit (talk) 00:38, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * That's why I changed the text, instead of removing it entirely: the templates had been used as replacements, contrary to WP:CITEVAR and without consensus. Changing from this to another template, in the absence of an established citation method for an article, would also be without consensus. Peter E. James (talk) 00:48, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * These are new; about a week old. They're problematic, disputed and have been reverted, as they broke things. Discussion is next, not use in new articles. I had a talk with a user (User:Quant18) who happened upon these and had used them in about a dozen articles. Seeing the dispute, they had no issue with shifting to the usual templates. Please leave this be. See the VPT for te proper solution to the purported problem. Br'er Rabbit (talk) 00:59, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Citation/fcite web/doc


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/God Is an Atheist

The result was redirect to Ill Bill. Redirects ARE cheap. ♠PMC♠ (talk) 05:09, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

God Is an Atheist

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Entirely fails WP:NSONG: no in-depth reviews, no chart listing, and a total lack of secondary coverage. The lone "source" is a link to discogs, a user-edited website. TheGracefulSlick (talk) 04:20, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Albums and songs-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 08:32, 21 September 2017 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks,  Sandstein   12:16, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Ill Bill as it's a valid search term. And like I've always said, there's nothing an agnostic can't do if he doesn't know whether he believes in it or not Ritchie333 (talk) (cont)  12:45, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete -- the song is too obscure to be a valid search term, so a redirect is not necessary. K.e.coffman (talk) 02:30, 3 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Good thing redirects are cheap then. Ritchie333 (talk) (cont)  13:01, 3 October 2017 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Dieter Stauder

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Dieter Stauder. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070928185212/http://<IP_ADDRESS>/patentepi/data/epi_01_2007.pdf to http://<IP_ADDRESS>/patentepi/data/epi_01_2007.pdf

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:28, 10 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dieter Stauder


text:
Wikiversity talk:Quality

Priming the pump
This is a test of an extremely simple precursor for Assessment conducted as part of the Learning to learn a wiki way project. It's worthless and unknown at this time, but it may evolve into something important as Quality becomes an item.

A quality0 template series (, ... ) could be expanded to include different types of assesments (Alignment, Participation, Collaboration...). A template/bot system could be automated for computing daily, weekly, monthly and yearly cumulative averages via simple numeric assessment tid-bits entered by custodial staff, experts, users – registered and anonymous. It could be outfitted with pipes and variables for assessment of Schools, Portals, Topics and what-not.

Quality Assessment, in my view, should be a top priority. The most logical way to do this, I reckon, is from the general to the specific (0..n). It must be quick and easy (wiki wiki) – painless, transparent, automated, succinct.... (Bots). It would need to interact with all or, at least key pages to be meaningful.

The MediaWiki Project and Topic:MediaWiki might even work on getting it into the toolbox with a context-sensitive embedded input, if we get a hand from those devs and gurus over at mediawiki.org. (throw us a bone, guys!). Please PAR-lay at Talk:Learning to learn a wiki way or, better still here to raise the context of this discussion. CQ 01:12, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

which number is the best?
Well, when I read the article, I wonder if the numbers are equal on every country. E.g. I wonder, if 1 or 10 is the best grade. Can you enlighten me? Also state it in the article please. Erkan Yilmaz (evaluate me!, discussion ) 17:49, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Usually the scale is from 1 = poor to 10 = very good.--mikeu 18:34, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

0.02

 * Why only one comment per month?
 * Minor point, but I think people should use an asterisk rather than a hash to bullet-point their opinions - the numbered bullet points interfere with the reading of the numbers.
 * And no, in case you're wondering, the heading is not my rating. ;-) Cormaggio talk 16:53, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

June 2008: Board elections/2008/Candidates/Questions/3
not a number, but surely also helpful, Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 19:24, 2 August 2008 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity talk:Quality


text:
Talk:Masagana 99

Sources removed in response to an "overcite" tag in the "Background" section
The following references were removed outright from an "overcited" fact in the Background section. These references do not seem to be needed, so I'm moving here in keeping with the WP:Preserve policy.

 * Reference 1 had no link and was thus not as verifiable:.
 * Reference 2 appears to be a wiki-like page, sourcewatch.

Thanks - Chieharumachi (talk) 14:49, 21 May 2020 (UTC)

Copied content from Masagana 99 to National Food Authority (Philippines)
The following content was copied from Masagana 99 to National Food Authority (Philippines): Economists generally acknowledge Masagana 99 to have failed because the supervised credit scheme it offered to farmers proved unsustainable. I have also left a note at that page's talk page. – Crisantom (talk) 13:55, 4 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Masagana 99


text:
User:Zrauf124/sandbox

My name is Zeeshan and this is my sandbox.

I am working on a class project to edit topics related to Occupy Wall Street with Sofia Rivas and Olivia Hauger. We are going to be working and editing our article on Sofia Rivas' sandbox.

 Finalize your topic / Find your sources (October 10)

Our group plans to add a new section to the Occupy Wall Street Wikipedia page to discuss institutional and corporate responses to the social movement. We want to talk about the actions that corporations took in response to the claims, allegations, and protests against them. We want to focus on financial institutions, and how they changed their compensation figures, hiring practices, and branding. We also want to answer how financial institutions and corporations tried to re-integrate themselves into society after being accused of greed and creating income inequality. Lastly, we think it would also be interesting to write about whether these responses, 7 years later, were actually genuine or just a farce.

Below is a list of articles and books that we can cite and use for our contributions.
 * 1) Conover MD, Ferrara E, Menczer F, Flammini A (2013) The Digital Evolution of Occupy Wall Street. PLoS ONE 8(5): e64679. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064679
 * 2) Mark Tremayne (2014) Anatomy of Protest in the Digital Era: A Network Analysis of Twitter and Occupy Wall Street, Social Movement Studies, 13:1, 110-126, DOI:10.1080/14742837.2013.830969
 * 3) Omarova, Saule T. “WALL STREET AS COMMUNITY OF FATE: TOWARD FINANCIAL INDUSTRY SELF-REGULATION.” University of Pennsylvania Law Review, vol. 159, no. 2, 2011, pp. 411–492. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41038809
 * 4) Ruth, Van Gelder Sarah. This Changes Everything: Occupy Wall Street and the 99% Movement. Berrett-Koehler, 2011

Choose Possible Topics Assignment (September 29)

Not all of these have dedicated wikipedia pages, some are included in the Occupy Wall Street page.

Topic 1: Occupy Wall Street Protests. We’re interested in the protests that occurred outside of NY or Zuccotti Park, such as universities or other countries. (Included in Occupy movement) We think we can expound on some of the specific protests, especially the ones in different countries, and how their motivations were similar/dissimilar with those of others. Also, we can include more of the university protests that occurred, as only Cal is mentioned on the occupy page right now.

Topic 2: Occupy Cal Movement. We’re interested in how the Occupy Wall Street movement affected Cal, and how it might have changed the culture of the Berkeley population, specifically career interests. We can add in how, if at all, the campus movement influenced the career choices of the Berkeley campus, specifically towards careers in business/finance. We realize it might be a little difficult to find info on this.

Topic 3: Lack of organized Agenda in the Occupy Movement. We’re interested in how and why the movement had a lack of clearly defined goals/demands and how that affected the success of the movement. (Included in Occupy Wall Street page). We can try to include if anyone tried to establish a clearer and more organized agenda.

Topic 4: Responses to OWS. We’re interested in how financial institutions and corporations responded to the claims, allegations, and protests from OWS. (Reactions to Occupy Wall Street. This is currently not included at all, so we will be adding brand new content, and can focus on if financial institutions attempted to change their culture or their compensation practices.

Topic 5: OWS leaders and prominent figures. OWS was a mostly leaderless movement, but we’re interested in researching if there were any notable organizers/leaders/supporters. (Included in Occupy Wall Street page) Currently there is no information on people that emerged as leaders of the movement, either at a local or national level, and we want to include if any leaders did exist.

 Articles we want to focus on

Article 1: Lack of organized Agenda in the Occupy Movement. This topic is included in the Occupy Wall Street page very briefly as one of the criticisms to the movement. However, we think we can improve the article by elaborating more on why clearly established demands were never set, and how that influenced the protests and reactions to the movement. Some argue that demands such as social equality can never be achieved, which is why they were not stated as the demands of the movement, but we think we can help answer why smaller goals were never established.

Article 2: Responses/Reactions to OWS. The responses to OWS are included in the page Reactions to Occupy Wall Street. We want to specifically focus on the reactions of financial institutions, which are sparsely mentioned on this page. We want to add the actions that financial institutions took in response to this movement. This includes self-imposed regulations/rules, change in company culture, compensation, and minority programs. The actions don't need to be immediately following the start of the Movement, but we want to highlight how, if at all, financial institutions tried to repair their public image.

Article 3: OWS leaders and prominent figures. This is included in the Occupy Wall Street page. This page includes a little bit about leaders and prominent figures, but we think there's substantial opportunity to expand the content. For example, the Occupy Wall Street page includes the sentence, "Even with the perception of a movement with no leaders, leaders have emerged," but does not mention any of the leaders that emerged. We think that we can find and highlight a few prominent leaders, and how their leadership influenced the movement.

Article Evaluation (September 15)

Article Link: We are the 99%

I evaluated an article related to my interest in the Occupy Movement.

This article does a mixed job of including content relevant to the topic. There is a substantial amount of loosely related economic/financial content that is not directly relevant to the slogan, which serves as the topic in this article. However, I admit that it is difficult for this article to be completely on topic, as it overlaps with the Occupy page.

The content is mostly neutral, except for a few sentences that could be improved. For example, the article states that the slogan “reflects an opinion that the '99%' are paying the price for the mistakes of a tiny minority within the upper class.” In reality, this is only one of the opinions that the slogan represents. The article, however, does a great job of including a lot of unbiased economic data that provides evidence both for and against the platforms of many individuals that employ this slogan.

Most of the links on the article function properly, with a few that link to deleted pages/posts. The sources are mostly reliable, but there are a few blogs cited that could be replaced with more credible sources. In addition, I noticed that popular news outlets, such as CNN and The NYT, were often cited as sources. After clicking on some of these links, I noticed that even the CNN/NYT source articles didn’t have a citation or a direct link to the primary source material. I’m not sure how large of an issue this is, or whether this is commonplace.

Overall, I think the article does a good job of explaining the topic in an unbiased way, and I think it serves an important purpose by helping people better understand the Occupy Movement.

title: User:Zrauf124/sandbox


text:
Cookbook:Rice with Lemon Coconut and Eggplant (Vangibhat)

| Cuisine of India

Ingredients

 * 2 cups (480 ml) long-grain rice, cooked
 * 2 ½ tsp salt
 * 1 medium eggplant, peeled and chopped into ½-inch (1 cm) cubes
 * Vegetable oil
 * 2 tbsp whole coriander seeds
 * 2 tsp yellow split peas
 * ⅛ tsp cayenne pepper
 * 1¾-inch (4 cm) stick of cinnamon
 * 3 tbsp dried unsweetened coconut
 * 2 tbsp lemon juice
 * ¼ tsp turmeric

Procedure

 * 1) Place the eggplant into a large bowl and sprinkle with 1 teaspoon salt. Mix well and allow to sit for half an hour, then rinse lightly and allow to drain.
 * 2) Heat 1 tablespoon of oil in a skillet over a medium flame. Add the coriander, seeds, split peas, cumin, and cinnamon. Stir well. When the spices have darkened, remove them and place on a plate lined with a paper towel.
 * 3) In the same pan, fry the coconut, stirring constantly. When it turns a golden-brown, remove and place on the paper towel.
 * 4) In another skillet, sauté the eggplant until it is cooked through. It should turn a bruised dark brown. Be careful not to add too much oil in the process. Remove, set aside, and keep warm.
 * 5) Put the dried spices into a mortar and grind into a fine powder. You'll find that a well-cleaned coffee grinder works well as a substitute.
 * 6) In a small pot, combine the lemon juice, ½ teaspoon salt, turmeric, and 2 tablespoons water. Bring to a boil. Lower the heat and allow to simmer for 3 minutes.
 * 7) In a skillet, add the cooked rice and the eggplant and sauté with very little oil. Mix well. Allow the mixture to cool. Add 2 more tablespoons of vegetable oil; mix well. Add the coconut-spice mixture and the lemon mixture. Mix well and serve at room temperature.


text:
Talk:Hippo water roller

Picture
No photo, but a drawing should illustrate the concept as well. A good lens shot would still be best though. Jafet 09:53, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually I think that illustrates the point of the Hippo rather well. Artw 16:46, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I would like to add the image found at the bottom of this page: http://www.africafoundation.org/what_we_do/healthcare.php. Do you feel the image is appropriate?  I have emailed Africa Foundation and asked for permission to use the image on Wikipedia.  If there any further efforts I can take to get permission to use the image, please tell me here or on my user page. Roccasecca (talk)  —Preceding comment was added at 22:58, 28 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I don't suppose there is anything else we can do, if they don't want us to use their images. I have, however, fired up an email to another website, and we shall see how that turns out. ~ Jafet Speaker of many words 14:07, 14 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Photo has been added, with some IP- and new-user-edits thrown in for free. ~ Jafet • business • pleasure • voicemail 11:22, 27 September 2008 (UTC)

Proposed Efforts
I've "adopted" this stub and plan to expand it over the next two months in collaboration with other users. My initial efforts will be to:
 * primarily expand upon the content with sourced information.
 * develop appropriate internal and external links.
 * add applicable photographs illustrating traditional means of carrying water vs. the Hippo water roller. Roccasecca (talk) 19:07, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Incorrect Time on History Page
I posted this:

''Infotech, an information technology company, initially sponsored the project as a social responsibility project known as the Hippo Water Roller Trust Fund [1]. Currently, the project is supported financially by donor funding which comes from corporate businesses and non-profit organization partners such asAfrica Foundation and Operation Hunger [2]. Imvubu Projects, a private company supplying poverty alleviation products (PAP) is a South African supplier [3]. 'Water to the People' a non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO), located in the United States of America, works specifically to raise funds for the Hippo Water Roller[4].''

before 11:00 P.M. central time on April 9, 2008. The history page said I posted it 3:48, 10 April 2008 (3,405 bytes).

Why is this occuring?

 * I understand why this was occuring and have changed my preferences to reflect my correct date and time. Roccasecca (talk) 05:45, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

Video
There is a 3+ minute news piece on the Hippo Water Roller at this site: http://www.changemakers.net/en-us/node/6924. The air date was January 16, 1996 according to http://www.hipporoller.org/?Task=system&CategoryID=4882&HeadingText=Media+Exposure.

I'm calling for other users to watch the piece and discuss whether the inclusion of it on Wikipedia in its entirety would be objective. If appropriate and feasible, the most encyclical portions may be added. Roccasecca (talk) 00:49, 11 April 2008 (UTC)

Other rolling water drums
The Wello WaterWheel (India) is a derivative of the original Hippo design. (Wello originally used the Hippo name but the two companies are no longer associated.) Q-Drum (South Africa) is a cylinder with a hole (donut-shaped) and has no moving parts. Roll Out The Barrel (UK) is a charity that distributes the ROTB Roll-Along Water Barrel. Aquaport (United States) was a 2010 MIT design project that never went into commercial production. Ahazred8 (talk) 08:06, 8 January 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hippo water roller


text:
Radiation Oncology/Introduction

Radiation Oncology is a rapidly changing field with new advances being made daily. As a consequence, any textbook becomes out-of-date almost immediately after it is published. Thus, the WikiBook format is ideal for a textbook of radiation oncology, as updates can be made constantly as new information becomes available.

This textbook is meant to be used by residents, medical students, and practicing physicians in radiation oncology.

At the creation of this textbook, the emphasis was placed on keeping the content up-to-date in terms of publishing the results of major trials. It is not meant to be an encyclopedic work. It is impossible to include the results of all trials relating to radiation oncology. Publishing every little detail of each and every trial would bog down this resource and make it difficult to use. Its main purpose is to be a useful reference for those wishing to gain knowledge about clinical radiation oncology.

As it is a WikiWork, its purpose may change.

This book is dedicated to the patients who are the inspiration to those of us involved in this field, as well as to the pioneers in radiation oncology, without whom this textbook could not exist.

If you wish to contribute to this wiki, please see the instructions to authors at the following pages:
 * a working list of standards
 * Talk page.

title: Radiation Oncology/Introduction


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Pavlína Šulcová

Pavlína Šulcová (born 9 May 1986) is a road cyclist from the Czech Republic. She participated at the 2012 UCI Road World Championships.

title: Pavlína Šulcová


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Talk:Scoveston Fort

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Scoveston Fort. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20120405225541/http://www.experiencepembrokeshire.com/history-archaeology/military-heritage/scoveston-fort to http://www.experiencepembrokeshire.com/history-archaeology/military-heritage/scoveston-fort

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 03:59, 26 February 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Scoveston Fort


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Pierre-Louis Barassi

Pierre-Louis Barassi (born 22 April 1998) is a French professional rugby union player who plays as a centre for Top 14 club Toulouse and the France national team.

Professional career
Barassi made his Lyon debut during the 2016–17 Challenge Cup, going on to obtain three additional caps and score one try. He did not, however, make an appearance in the Top 14 competition. In addition, he continued to play for France's seven-a-side team from 2017 to 2018, and he was a member of the France under-20 team that won the 2018 World Rugby Under 20 Championship.

Barassi played on nineteen occasions for Lyon in the 2018–19 season, including five appearances in the Champions Cup, and scoring two tries. He was selected for the France national team in the Rugby World Cup after a successful season with Lyon, and he was placed on the substitutes' bench for their match against Tonga. Not included in the initial roster, but brought in after France's opening match against Argentina as Wesley Fofana's injury replacement.

Honours

 * Toulouse
 * European Rugby Champions Cup: 2024

 * Lyon
 * 1× EPCR Challenge Cup: 2022

 * France U20
 * 1× Six Nations Under 20s Championship: 2018
 * 1× World Rugby Under 20 Championship: 2018

title: Pierre-Louis Barassi


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User:JWSchmidt/Blog/27 January 2007

Portals  I updated Portal:Professions and Portal:Research to the "editable box" format.....that's portal number 12 modified for the new format!

Portals still remaining (master list) to be cleaned are: Learning Projects, Learning Materials.

Voice chat  I have long wanted to expand Wikiversity webcasting by having recordings of conversations about Wikiversity-related topics. Hopefully we will soon have a recording session.

Research  Cormaggio posted a call for a final push on research policy.

title: User:JWSchmidt/Blog/27 January 2007


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HA-966

HA-966 or (±)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-2-one is a molecule used in scientific research as a glycine receptor and NMDA receptor antagonist / low efficacy partial agonist. It has neuroprotective and anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, antinociceptive and sedative / hypnotic effects in animal models. Pilot human clinical trials in the early 1960s showed that HA-966 appeared to benefit patients with tremors of extrapyramidal origin.

The two enantiomers of HA-966 have differing pharmacological activity. The glycine/N-methyl- D -aspartate receptor antagonist activity is specific to the (R)-(+)-enantiomer, whereas the sedative and ataxic effects are specific to the (S)-(-)-enantiomer.

(R)-(+)-HA-966 did not induce drug-appropriate responding in animals trained to discriminate phencyclidine (PCP) from saline, suggesting that the glycine receptor ligand (R)-(+)-HA-966 has a significantly different behavioral profile than drugs affecting the ion channel of the NMDA receptor complex.

(S)-(-)-HA-966 has been described as a "γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)-like agent" and a "potent y-butyrolactone-like sedative", but it shows no affinity for the GABAB receptor (GABABR).

title: HA-966


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Puzzles/Decision puzzles/12 Coins/Solution

Puzzles |Decision puzzles|12 Coins|Solution

You need 3 weighings.

There are 12 possible places for the fake coin to be and it can either be heavy or light, leaving 24 possibilities. Each weighing can give 3 results. (One side heavier, other side heavier, or both sides equal.) 2 weighings can at most only differentiate between 9 possibilities, therefore 2 or less weighings is not sufficient.

Label the coins with the symbols αβγδABCD$£€¤. Start at state S00.

State | Weighings | Pile L | Pile R | if LR   | Candidates in      |    left   |        |        |          |          |          |  αβγδABCD$£€¤ S00 |  3        | αβγδ   | ABCD   | goto S01 | goto S02 | goto S03 |  ???????????? S01 |  2        | αβC    | Bγδ    | goto S04 | goto S05 | goto S06 |  LLLLHHHH S02 |  2        | αβγ    | $£€    | goto S07 | goto S08 | goto S09 |          ???? S03 |  2        | αβC    | Bγδ    | goto S10 | goto S11 | goto S12 |  HHHHLLLL S04 |  1        | α      | β      | α light  | B heavy  | β light  |  LL   H       S05  |  1        | A      | D      | D heavy  |  error   | A heavy  |      H  H     S06  |  1        | γ      | δ      | γ light  | C heavy  | δ light  |    LL  H      S07  |  1        | $      | £      | £ heavy  | € heavy  | $ heavy  |          HHH S08 |  1        | α      | ¤      | ¤ light  |  error   | ¤ heavy  |             ? S09 |  1        | $      | £      | $ light  | € light  | £ light  |          LLL S10 |  1        | γ      | δ      | δ heavy  | C light  | γ heavy  |    HH  L      S11  |  1        | A      | D      | A light  |  error   | D light  |      L  L      S12  |  1        | α      | β      | β heavy  | B light  | α heavy  |  HH   L

Reasoning
Since one of the coin is fake, and it can be lighter or heavier, that gives 2 X 12 = 24 possible answers. Also notice that each weighing can have 3 possible outcomes (left lighter, right lighter, equal), and with 3 weighting there are 33 = 27 possible outcome. Because 27 > 24, it is possible (although not certainly) to have a solution.

First weighing
Suppose we put x coins on both side of the weigh, we want to ensure that no matter what the outcome is, the remaining case still satisfy the condition of possible outcomes > possible answers, otherwise the plan fails. In case the result is equal, only the coins not on weigh can be faked, since we don't know yet whether it is lighter or heavier, that leaves 2(12-2x) possible answers. With 2 weighing lefts, there are 32 = 9 possible outcomes. Hence 2(12-2x)<9. When one side is lighter, it can be that one of the coins on the lighter side is lighter, or one of the coins on the heavier side is heavier, which leaves 2x possible answers. Hence we have 2x<9. Solving the equation, we get x=4.


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Wikiversity:Forking proposal

This is a proposal for setting up the technical details of making Creative Commons-compliant forks here on Wikiversity. If we are able to set it up, we can integrate this into WV:FORK (this would also make the forking policy a lot easier to enable), and make "family trees" of related wikiversity projects that will share their deep histories.

What it's for
Say we had a learning project on particle physics, and wanted to use various pages for two other learning projects (say History Of Particle Physics and Applied Particle Physics). Rather than starting these new projects from scratch (or just copying and pasting pages from the original project), this system would allow us to make complete copies of any relevant pages (with the edit histories), for use in the other project(s).

How it would work

 * First, the pages would need to be exported to a designated Wikibooks namespace (probably by a Wikibooks Adminiatrator). So Particle Physics/Photons would now be at b:Schoolfork:Particle Physics/Photons
 * Next, the page would be moved on Wikibooks to b:Schoolfork:History of Particle Physics/Photons
 * Finally, the page would then be re-imported to History of Particle Physics/Photons
 * On the Wikibooks side, the content would then be deleted (the namespace should be kept empty for easy maintenence).

Wikibooks too...
Wikibooks also needs a way of making these kinds of forks, so we'd have a similar namespace here ("Bookfork:" might be a good name). This will be a cross-project endeavor, which is unusual but may have added benefits over time.

See Wikibooks:Forking proposal for details on the Wikibooks side.

What we'd need
We will need 3 things from bugzilla:

 * 1) Wikibooks will need Special:Import enabled from Wikiversity.
 * 2) Wikiversity will need to add the namespace "Bookfork:" (having a designated namespace makes for easier maintenence)
 * 3) Wikibooks will need to add the namespace "Schoolfork:"

title: Wikiversity:Forking proposal


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2012 UCI Road World Championships – Men's junior road race

The Men's junior road race of the 2012 UCI Road World Championships was a cycling event that took place on 21 September 2012 in Limburg, the Netherlands.


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infame

Etymology
, from : compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. See.

Verb

 * 1)  To defame; to make infamous.

Related terms

 * osculum infame

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous
 * 2) vile
 * 3)  awful, dreadful
 * 1)  awful, dreadful

Noun

 * 1) villain, scoundrel
 * 2) snitch, rat, informant or informer, traitor, turncoat

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) infamous

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) awful, dreadful
 * 2) infamous, vile, wicked

title: infame


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Berikey

Berikey (Берикей; Бәрәкеј, Bərəkəy; Dargwa: Берикей) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Berikeyevsky Selsoviet, Derbentsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 3,028 as of 2010. The village has an Azerbaijani-majority. There are 26 streets.

Geography
Berikey is located 28 km southwest of Derbent (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the Ulluchay River. Dzhemikent and Ullu-Terkeme are the nearest rural localities.

title: Berikey


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elastico

Etymology
From, from as if  for , equiv. to, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) elastic
 * 2) springy
 * 3) flexible
 * 4) accommodating

Noun

 * 1) elastic
 * 2) elastic band, rubber band

title: elastico


text:
Lipotriches bombayensis

Lipotriches bombayensis is a species of bee in the genus Lipotriches, of the family Halictidae.

title: Lipotriches bombayensis


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Luo Tian

Luo Tian (b.1920 - d.2001) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Dananshan town, Puning, Guangdong. In 1941, he was leader of the Chinese Communist Party in Jieyang County. He was made deputy People's Congress Chairman in 1979. He was a delegate to the 6th and 7th National People's Congress.

title: Luo Tian


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alevin

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) Newly hatched fish, especially salmon.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * French:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:

Etymology
From, equivalent to ; allevare ("to raise up") took on the sense of "to raise (young)" in Vulgar Latin under the influence of. The -i- reflects the influence of.

Etymology
.

title: alevin


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Talk:Milan Varga

Notability
Subject meets WP:NHOCKEY via criteria #2, played 200 or more games in the Tipsport Liga (Slovak Extraliga), 301 games in total.Tay87 (talk) 08:33, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Milan Varga


text:
Talk:Louise Stutes

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 04:37, 13 November 2022 (UTC)
 * File.louise.stutes.jpg

title: Talk:Louise Stutes


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Vladimir Belyaev (writer)

Vladimir Pavlovich Belyaev (Влади́мир Па́влович Беля́ев; 3 April 1909, Kamianets-Podilskyi – 11 February 1990) was a Soviet and Russian writer born in Ukraine. He is famous for his trilogy The Old Fortress (Старая Крепость) about boys living in Kamenets-Podolsky during the Russian Civil War. The trilogy was written in 1937–1951 and was awarded the Stalin Prize of 1952.

title: Vladimir Belyaev (writer)


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Emily Tennyson Bradley

Emily Tennyson Bradley (29 October 1862 – 25 July 1946) was an English writer.

Life
Bradley was born in Marlborough, Wiltshire, the daughter of George Granville Bradley, the Dean of Westminster, and Marian Philpot Bradley. Alfred, Lord Tennyson was her godfather. In 1893, she married Alexander Murray Smith. In addition to a biography and history, she wrote articles for the Dictionary of National Biography.

A memorial stone in Westminster Abbey recognizes Smith as "historian of the Abbey". She and her sister compiled the Westminster Abbey Official Guide.

Works

 * Life of the Lady Arabella Stuart in 2 vols. (1889)
 * Annals of Westminster Abbey (1898)
 * The Roll-call of Westminster Abbey (1902)
 * Contributions to the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885–1900

title: Emily Tennyson Bradley


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Category talk:Cynical Wikipedians

2006 cynical response (irony perhaps?)
None of you are true cynics! You just identify yourself as such to feel a step above everyone else :) — 0918 BRIAN • 2006-03-21 05:43

title: Category talk:Cynical Wikipedians


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The Design and Organization of Data Centers/Electrical

Types of Service

 * 120 V 1 phase
 * Hot, Neutral, Ground
 * 240 V 1 phase
 * 2 Hots, 1 Ground
 * 208 V 3 phase
 * 3 Hots, 1 Neutral, 1 Ground
 * 208 V 1 phase
 * 2 Hots, 1 Ground
 * 480 V 3 phase
 * 3 Hots, 1 Neutral, 1 Ground
 * 48 V DC
 * Positive & Negative

Uninteruptable Power Supplies
Absolutely necessary

Central UPS
All equipment stays up for same length of time.

Rack-mounted UPS
Put batteries where they are needed most. Easy redundancy with dual power supply computers.

Server-mounted battery
Google servers are connected directly to the AC feed with no UPS in the middle. Instead, each server has its own 12 VDC battery, which is used to power the server during power outages.

Brick UPS
Good for smaller installations. Easy redundancy with dual power supply computers.

Sizing
Loads that cannot tolerate any outage shall be placed on UPS power. Critical systems, such as the air conditioning cannot tolerate a brief outage, so they should be supported from generator power. Battery run time for UPS loads are dependent upon the budget and level of reliability required. With a well designed backup generation system, UPS runtime may be minimized since the gensets will be online in 8 to 20 seconds.

Power Interruption
Plan for unattended shutdown and restart whenever possible.

Consider remote alert of power interruption.

Make sure the KVM is also on UPS.

Make sure you have emergency lights and flashlights for working in the dark.

Estimating remaining run time

Restart of UPS after full drain

Redundant UPS systems
Rack-mounted - side to side redundancy.

Central UPS - need two of them with separate breaker boxes/PDUs and color coded system.

Generators
Determine your local outage characteristics for your power supplier. Do they tend to be infrequent, but long? Common, but short?

On-site vs delivery contract

On site minimizes need for large UPSes

Environmental issues and permit requirements for fuel storage

Layout and Redundancy
Look for computers with dual power supplies, or, less preferably, make sure you have redundant boxes per function. This allows for rearranging power cables and moving a box from one area to another without turning it off.

Maintain side-to-side redundancy by placing power strips on separate breakers or UPSes.

Remote Power Control
Remote power on and off

Resetting stuck machines and routers

Power on sequencing

Electrical Grounding/Earthing
All metal server or network racks and cabinets, overhead raceways and metallic conduit must be properly grounded to each other and to ground.


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Achada Ponta

Achada Ponta is a settlement in the eastern part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. It is part of the municipality Santa Cruz. It is located near the east coast, 2 km southeast of Achada Fazenda and 5 kilometers southeast of Pedra Badejo. In 2010 its population was 403.

title: Achada Ponta


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Poland in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020

Poland hosted and participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020 in Warsaw. Polish broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP) was responsible for the country's participation in the contest, and organised the national final Szansa na sukces to select the Polish entry for the contest. The national final was won by Ala Tracz with the song "I'll Be Standing", which represented Poland in the contest. She ended up 9th place with 90 points.

Background
Prior to the 2020 contest, Poland had participated in the contest six times: In and, Poland finished in last place, and they decided not to participate from 2005 to 2015. The country returned in. Olivia Wieczorek was selected to represent the nation that year with the song "Nie zapomnij". Olivia finished in 11th place out of 17 entries with 60 points. In, Alicja Rega was selected to represent Poland with the song "Mój dom". She finished 8th out of 16 entries with 138 points. In both and, Poland won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest with Roksana Węgiel and Viki Gabor respectively, becoming the first country to win the contest twice in a row.

Host bidding phase
After Poland's victory in the contest on home soil in Gliwice, the director-general of TVP, Jacek Kurski, stated that the country would apply to host the event again in 2020. However, Kurski stated that the possibility of two consecutive editions of the event in Poland could be frowned upon by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). After a period of uncertainty, in the last week of December 2019, it was reported by Gazeta Wyborcza that some Kraków City Councillors were expressing interest in taking the proposal that the contest be held in the city, focused on Tauron Arena. A few days later on 8 January 2020, the proposal was discussed at the City Council and accepted by the majority of its members. Poland was confirmed as the host country in March 2020.

Format
Szansa na sukces consisted of four shows: three semi-finals broadcast on 6 September, 13 September and 20 September, and a final on 27 September. Seven singers competed in each semi-final, with one qualifying for the final as determined by a jury of artists. Each of the three finalists performed one song selected by the producers and one song that would serve as the Polish entry for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020. The winner was determined by an equal combination of jury votes and SMS votes.

Semi-final 1
The first semi-final was broadcast on 6 September 2020. All seven semi-finalists performed intergenerational hits. The jury consisted of three members:
 * Viki Gabor – singer, winner of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019
 * Edyta Górniak – singer, Polish representative in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994
 * Piotr Rubik – composer

Semi-final 2
The second semi-final was broadcast on 13 September 2020. All seven semi-finalists performed famous worldwide hits. The jury consisted of three members:
 * Michał Wiśniewski – singer, Polish representative in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 and the Eurovision Song Contest 2006
 * Cleo – singer, represented in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014
 * Gromee – DJ, record producer, remixer, songwriter, Polish representative in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018

Semi-final 3
The third semi-final was broadcast on 20 September 2020. All seven semi-finaliats performed songs from fairytales. The jury consisted of three members:
 * Marina Łuczenko-Szczęsna – singer, songwriter, actress
 * Dawid Kwiatkowski – singer-songwriter
 * Kasia Łaska – singer, voice actress

Final
The final was held on 27 September 2020. Three artists competed in the final, and the winning artist and song represented Poland in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020. The jury consisted of three members: Konrad Smuga (director of Polish performances at Junior Eurovision), Grzegorz Urban (music director of Szansa na Sukces), and Anna Cyzowska-Andura (director of the TVP Entertainment Agency). Another pannel, consisting of Viki Gabor, Cleo and Dawid Kwiatkowski was also present during the show, but did not have any power over the voting. The winner was Ala Tracz with the song "I'll Be Standing", which was composed by Gromee and Sara Chmiel-Gromala.

At Junior Eurovision
During the opening ceremony and the running order draw, which both took place on 23 November 2020, Poland was drawn to perform sixth on 29 November 2020, following Belarus and preceding Georgia.


text:
Ποσειδῶν

Etymology
. Cognate with 🇨🇬; possibly from a vocative from  and  (, see  and 🇨🇬, which would be cognate with ).

Proper noun

 * 1)  Poseidon

Usage notes
In archaic and verse, the irregular singular accusative case is.

title: Ποσειδῶν


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Château de Luc

The Château de Luc is a ruined castle in the town of Luc in the Lozère département, in the Occitanie région of France. It was built in the 12th century on a previous Celtic site.

The castle, as a strategic point between the two provinces of Gévaudan and Vivarais, guarded a link to the south of France of the Auvergne frequently used by pilgrims of Saint Gilles, also known as the Regordane Way, on which it was a toll-gate.

For the first 100 years or so of its existence it was the home of the Luc family. In the 13th century it became the property of other regional seigneurs. During the Hundred Years' War it withstood a number of sieges. During the 16th century Wars of Religion the state of Gévaudan garrisoned the castle. Around 1630 the castle was dismantled under orders of Richelieu. During the period surrounding the French Revolution it continued to fall apart from neglect.

In 1878, local parishioners renovated the keep into a chapel, installing a shrine to the Virgin Mary. In the same year, the English writer Robert Louis Stevenson passed through on his travel-adventure, as he recorded in Travels with a Donkey in the Cévennes: "... [the hill] came to a point in the ruins of the castle of Luc, which pricked up impudently from below my feet, carrying on a pinnacle a tall white statue of Our Lady, which, I heard with interest, weighed fifty quintals, and was to be dedicated on the 6th of October ... Luc itself was a straggling double file of houses wedged between hill and river. It had no beauty, nor was there any notable feature, save the old castle overhead with its fifty quintals of brand-new Madonna."

It remains in ruins today and attracts hikers who re-trace Stevenson's route on the GR 70.

The castle is the property of the commune. It was declared a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture in 1986.

title: Château de Luc


text:
Julia Agawu

Julia Agawu (born 20 April 1991) is a Ghanaian discus thrower.

She finished fourth at the 2014 African Championships, won the bronze medal at the 2015 African Games and finished fourth again at the 2016 African Championships. She also competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games without reaching the final; and in the shot put event she finished seventh at the 2014 African Championships.

Her personal best throw is 54.59 metres, achieved in May 2013 in Miramar. She has 14.91 metres in the shot put, achieved in April 2013 in Knoxville.

title: Julia Agawu


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Native tongue title

Native tongue title is a revivalistic term that refers to compensation for linguicide (language killing). Native tongue title is the enactment of a statute-based, ex gratia financial compensation scheme, to cover efforts to resuscitate a heritage tongue that was killed (for example, due to colonisation), or to empower an endangered one.

Origin
The term was coined by linguist and language revivalist Ghil'ad Zuckermann. He modelled it on the Australian term, native title, which refers to the common law doctrine according to which the land rights of Indigenous peoples persist after the assumption of sovereignty under settler colonialism.

Native tongue title vs native title
Zuckermann argues that despite native title, and although some Australian states have enacted ex gratia compensation schemes for the victims of the Stolen Generations policies, the victims of linguicide are overlooked. He proposes that existing competitive grant schemes by the Australian government to support Australian Aboriginal languages should be complemented with compensation schemes, which are based on a claim of right rather than on competition. Anthropologist Timothy Haines wrote that Zuckermann's "remarkable achievement" of reclaiming the Barngarla language in South Australia may have "assisted in the process of the recognition of the Barngarla people's native title". The presiding Federal Court judge, Justice John Mansfield, had commented that their active pursuit of language revival, assisted by Zuckermann, showed evidence of the people's continued connection with their land and culture "despite the separation that many had endured as 'Stolen Generation' children of the 1960s and '70s, when they were forcibly removed by the State to homes in Adelaide, far distant from their native Eyre Peninsula in South Australia's west".

title: Native tongue title


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Radostny

Radostny (Радостный) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Podborny Selsoviet, Krutikhinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 223 as of 2013. There are 7 streets.

Geography
Radostny is located 11 km west of Krutikha (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krutikha is the nearest rural locality.

title: Radostny


text:
List of ambassadors of Thailand to France

The Thai Ambassador in Paris is the official representative of the Government in Bangkok to the Government of France and Permanent Representative to the UNESCO.

List of representatives

 * France–Thailand relations


text:
Cookbook:Cabbage Kimchi

| Korean Cuisine

Kimchi (김치), also spelled kimchee or gimchi, is a Korean dish of pickled vegetables, usually napa cabbage or Korean radish and is commonly served as a side dish. It is usually fermented in a brine of anchovy sauce, ginger, garlic, green onion, and chilli pepper. There are countless varieties—at least as many as there are households. The following is a standard recipe for baechoo kimchi (napa-cabbage kimchi), a common variety and often the first kind of kimchi that jumps to mind for non-Koreans.

Ingredients

 * 1 head napa cabbage (baechu, Chinese cabbage, wombok)
 * ½ cup sea salt (or any coarse salt)
 * 1 cup water
 * 2 tbsp minced garlic
 * 1 tsp minced ginger
 * ½ cup gochugaru (Korean chile flakes)
 * 2 tsp salt
 * 1 tbsp sugar
 * ¼ cup jeot gal (Korean fish sauce)
 * ½ onion, thinly sliced
 * ¼ carrot, thinly julienned
 * ¼ Korean radish (muwoo), thinly julienned
 * 4 green onions, cut into 3-cm pieces

Procedure

 * 1) Quarter the napa cabbage, wash, and drain.
 * 2) Combine coarse sea salt and water.
 * 3) Put cabbages in salted water and take out one at a time to get salt down.
 * 4) Add cabbages to a container. Pour salted water over top, and set aside for at least 6–8 hours (overnight is great). The cabbage should be soft enough to bend.
 * 5) Wash cabbages and drain well.
 * 6) Combine gochugaru, salt, sugar, jeot gal (Korean fish sauce), minced garlic, and minced ginger.
 * 7) Mix the onion, carrot, radish, and green onion into the chilli powder mixture.
 * 8) Take one cabbage, and stuff the above mixture between every layer.
 * 9) Try to fold the cabbage in half. With 2 outer leaves, wrap the whole thing securely.
 * 10) Put cabbages in an airtight container, and let it sit at room temperature overnight.
 * 11) Refrigerate for 2–3 days at minimum. After a few days, you will notice some liquid. This is totally normal and a sign that the kimchi is ripening.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * Korean radishes are large (about ½ to 1 kilogram). Japanese (daikon) radishes or a larger quantity of small European radishes could substitute.
 * The brine can be varied to include many other ingredients. Be creative.
 * The jeot gal can be replaced with moderate amounts of salted tiny shrimp, raw butterfish, or raw oysters. Seafood can also be left out entirely, although an appropriate amount of salt needs to be added in place of missing jeot gal. Alternative flavors can include Asian pears or tangerines.

김치

title: Cookbook:Cabbage Kimchi


text:
Talk:Volocopter VC2

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:53, 5 March 2022 (UTC)
 * E-volo erstflug.jpg

title: Talk:Volocopter VC2


text:
Reform and Development Party

Reform and Development Party may refer to:

 * Reform and Development Party (Morocco), a Moroccan political party
 * Reform and Development Party (Palestine), a Palestinian political party
 * Reform and Development Party (Egypt), an Egyptian political party
 * Party of Reform and Development, a Libyan political party

title: Reform and Development Party


text:
Patania paleacalis

Patania paleacalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1854. It is found in South Africa and Israel.

title: Patania paleacalis


text:
Latin/Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs

Irregular Verbs
Irregular verbs do not fit in any particular conjugation. Irregular verbs conjugate but not in a predictable manner. An example of an irregular verb that you have met is 'esse'. There are a few others which will be listed in the present indicate active tense below for you to memorise and refer to.

Exercise 2
1. Decline the following five nouns in both singular and plural number in the five common cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative):

2. Conjugate the verb 'servāre' in both singular and plural number and all three persons.

3. Conjugate the verb 'esse', in both singular and plural number and all three persons.

4. Translate:

Nota Bene: Often Latin uses the present to indicate a 'vivid past'. It would be suitable to translate the following passage in the past tense.

Heri, ad tabernam eō. In tabernā sunt trēs rēs quārum amō duas sōleās et unam mensam. Habeō trēs denariōs, sīc ego emeō mensam sōlum quod sum nōn dīvīnitās. Hodiē, mensa est in casā meā. In triclīnio stat.

title: Latin/Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs


text:
Giannis Arabatzis

Giannis Arabatzis (Γιάννης Αραμπατζής; born 28 May 1984) is a Greek professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

AEK Athens
Arabatzis made his first cap against rival team Panathinaikos, and impressed the fans and coach Dusan Bajevic. After his impressive performances, Arabatzis has earned himself a spot in the AEK starting line-up after five years on the bench forcing Sebastian Saja as second choice. In 2011, he was the first choice for the position of goalkeeper, leaving Dimitrios Konstantopoulos out of the first eleven. Moreover, he was given the MVP award for his performance against Ergotelis. After the departure of Nikos Georgeas, Arabatzis became the eldest player of the team having completed ten years in the team.

At the end of 2012–13 season AEK Athens relegated to the third division, and his contract with AEK expired on 30 June 2013.

Ermis Aradippou
On 21 August 2013, Arabatzis sign one-year deal with Ermis Aradippou to Cypriot First Division. That season Ermis Aradippou had been promoted to Cypriot First Division and Giannis had helped the team to took part in UEFA Europa League Play-Offs.

Astra Giurgiu
On 23 July 2014, Arabatzis signed a one-year contract with Astra Giurgiu.

Kerkyra
After an unstable season in Romania, Arabatzis signed one-year contract with Kerkyra in Football League (Greece Second Division). After some attractive performances Arabatzis helped Kerkyra to promotion in Superleague and Kerkyra renew his contract for one-year.

Second Spell to Ermis Aradippou
On 15 September 2017, he returned to his former club Ermis Aradippou.

Agios Nikolaos
On 29 October 2019, Arabatzis joined Agios Nikolaos.

Honours

 * AEK Athens
 * Greek Cup: 2010–11

title: Giannis Arabatzis