text:
Civ/Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri/Tech Tree

Adaptive Doctrine

 * Prerequisite: Polymorphic Software, Doctrine: Flexibility
 * Technology: Advanced Military Algorithms
 * Armor: Pulse 3 Armor
 * Special Ability: Marine Detachment
 * Track and Level: Conquer 3

Adaptive Economics

 * Prerequisite: Progenitor Psych, Industrial Economics
 * Technology: Planetary Economics
 * Base Facility: Thermocline Transducer
 * Secret Project: The Planetary Energy Grid
 * Track and Level: Build 3

Advanced Ecological Engineering

 * Prerequisite: Fusion Power, Environmental Economics
 * Technology: Centauri Psi
 * Terraforming: Soil Enricher
 * Diplomatic Proposal: Melt Polar Caps
 * Special Ability: Super Former
 * Sea Mining Platforms produce +1 Minerals
 * Track and Level: Build 7

Advanced Military Algorithms

 * Prerequisite: Adaptive Doctrine (alien crossfire) Doctrine: Flexibility (original), Optical Computers
 * Technology: Pre-Sentient Algorithms, Retroviral Engineering
 * Base Facility: Punishment Sphere
 * Socio/economic model: Power
 * Terraforming: Bunker
 * Diplomatic Proposal: Repeal U.N. Charter, Reinstate U.N. Charter
 * Special Ability: AAA Tracking
 * Track and Level: Conquer 4

Advanced Spaceflight

 * Prerequisite: Orbital Spaceflight, Organic Superlubricant
 * Technology: Super Tensile Solids
 * Base Facility: Orbital Power Transmitter
 * Secret Project: The Living Refinery
 * Weapon: Plasma Shard
 * Diplomatic Proposal: Launch Solar Shade, Increase Solar Shade
 * Track and Level: Discover 8

Advanced Subatomic Theory

 * Prerequisite: High Energy Chemistry, Polymorphic Software
 * Technology: Applied Relativity, Silksteel Alloys
 * Base Facility: Skunkworks
 * Special Ability: Comm Jammer
 * Track and Level: Discover 3

Applied Gravitonics

 * Prerequisite: Graviton Theory, Digital Sentience
 * Technology: Controlled Singularity
 * Weapon: Graviton Gun
 * Track and Level: Explore 14

Applied Physics

 * Technology: Nonlinear Mathematics, High Energy Chemistry, Optical Computers
 * Weapon: Laser
 * Track and Level: Conquer 1

Applied Relativity

 * Prerequisite: Superconductor, Advanced Subatomic Theory
 * Technology: Unified Field Theory, Photon/Wave Mechanics
 * Secret Project: The Supercollider
 * Track and Level: Discover 5

Bio-Engineering

 * Prerequisite: Gene Splicing, Neural Grafting
 * Technology: Retroviral Engineering
 * Secret Project: The Longevity Vaccine
 * Special Ability: Clean Reactor
 * Increases defense against gene warfare.
 * Track and Level: Build 5

Bioadaptive Resonance

 * Prerequisite: Field Modulation, Centauri Empathy
 * Technology: Sentient Resonance
 * Unit: Spore Launcher
 * Weapon: Resonance Laser
 * Special Ability: Soporific Gas Pods
 * Track and Level: Conquer 4

Biogenetics

 * Technology: Secrets of the Human Brain, Gene Splicing
 * Base Facility: Recycling Tanks
 * Secret Project: The Human Genome Project
 * Increases defense against gene warfare.
 * Track and Level: Discover 1

Biomachinery

 * Prerequisite: Mind/Machine Interface, Retroviral Engineering
 * Technology: Homo Superior, N-Space Compression
 * Secret Project: The Cloning Vats
 * Increases defense against gene warfare.
 * Track and Level: Build 7

Centauri Ecology

 * Technology: Centauri Empathy, Ecological Engineering, Field Modulation
 * Secret Project: The Weather Paradigm
 * Unit: Formers
 * Weapon: Terraforming Unit
 * Increases Nutrient production in fungus.
 * Track and Level: Explore 1

Centauri Empathy

 * Prerequisite: Secrets of the Human Brain, Centauri Ecology
 * Technology: Centauri Meditation, Bioadaptive Resonance
 * Base Facility: Biology Lab
 * Secret Project: The Empath Guild
 * Socio/economic model: Green
 * Unit: Mind Worms
 * Special Ability: Empath Song
 * Allows roads to be built in fungus squares.
 * Track and Level: Explore 3

Centauri Genetics

 * Prerequisite: Centauri Meditation, Retroviral Engineering
 * Technology: Centauri Psi
 * Base Facility: Brood Pit
 * Secret Project: The Pholus Mutagen
 * Unit: Locusts of Chiron
 * Increases Mineral production in fungus.
 * Track and Level: Explore 7

Centauri Meditation

 * Prerequisite: Ecological Engineering, Centauri Empathy
 * Technology: Centauri Genetics
 * Base Facility: Centauri Preserve
 * Secret Project: The Xenoempathy Dome
 * Citizens: Empath
 * Unit: Isle of the Deep
 * Increases Energy production in fungus.
 * Track and Level: Explore 5

Centauri Psi

 * Prerequisite: Centauri Genetics, Advanced Ecological Engineering
 * Technology: The Will to Power, Secrets of Alpha Centauri, Sentient Resonance
 * Unit: Sealurk
 * Weapon: Psi Attack
 * Special Ability: Dissociative Wave
 * Increases Nutrient production in fungus.
 * Allows terrain improvements in fungus squares and eases fungus movement restrictions.
 * Track and Level: Explore 8

Controlled Singularity

 * Prerequisite: Singularity Mechanics, Applied Gravitonics
 * Technology: String Resonance, Transcendent Thought
 * Secret Project: The Singularity Inductor
 * Weapon: Singularity Laser
 * Track and Level: Conquer 15

Cyberethics

 * Prerequisite: Planetary Networks, Intellectual Integrity
 * Technology: Superstring Theory, Pre-Sentient Algorithms
 * Secret Project: The Planetary Datalinks
 * Socio/economic model: Knowledge
 * Track and Level: Build 4

Digital Sentience

 * Prerequisite: Industrial Nanorobotics, Mind/Machine Interface
 * Technology: Applied Gravitonics, Self-Aware Machines, Sentient Econometrics
 * Secret Project: The Network Backbone
 * Socio/economic model: Cybernetic
 * Improves Probe Team success rate.
 * Track and Level: Discover 10

Doctrine: Air Power

 * Prerequisite: Synthetic Fossil Fuels, Doctrine: Flexibility
 * Technology: Mind/Machine Interface, Orbital Spaceflight
 * Base Facility: Aerospace Complex
 * Terraforming: Airbase
 * Chassis: Needlejet
 * Special Ability: Air Superiority
 * Track and Level: Explore 5

Doctrine: Flexibility

 * Prerequisite: Doctrine: Mobility
 * Technology: Doctrine: Initiative, Doctrine: Air Power, Adaptive Doctrine
 * Base Facility: Pressure Dome
 * Unit: Transport Foil
 * Weapon: Troop Transport
 * Chassis: Foil
 * Track and Level: Explore 2

Doctrine: Initiative

 * Prerequisite: Doctrine: Flexibility, Industrial Automation
 * Technology: Nanometallurgy, Homo Superior
 * Base Facility: Naval Yard
 * Secret Project: The Maritime Control Center
 * Chassis: Cruiser
 * Special Ability: Amphibious Pods
 * Track and Level: Explore 4

Doctrine: Loyalty

 * Prerequisite: Doctrine: Mobility, Social Psych
 * Technology: Intellectual Integrity
 * Base Facility: Perimeter Defense
 * Secret Project: The Command Nexus
 * Socio/economic model: Police State
 * Track and Level: Conquer 2

Doctrine: Mobility

 * Technology: Doctrine: Flexibility, Doctrine: Loyalty
 * Base Facility: Command Center
 * Chassis: Speeder
 * Track and Level: Explore 1

Ecological Engineering

 * Prerequisite: Centauri Ecology, Gene Splicing
 * Technology: Centauri Meditation, Environmental Economics
 * Terraforming: Plant Fungus, Condenser, Echelon Mirror, Thermal Borehole, Aquifer
 * Allows a tile's Mineral production to exceed 2.
 * Track and Level: Explore 4

Environmental Economics

 * Prerequisite: Industrial Economics, Ecological Engineering
 * Technology: Advanced Ecological Engineering
 * Base Facility: Tree Farm
 * Terraforming: Raise Land, Lower Land
 * Increases commerce income from treaties and pacts.
 * Allows a tile's Energy production to exceed 2.
 * Track and Level: Build 5

Ethical Calculus

 * Prerequisite: Social Psych
 * Technology: Intellectual Integrity, Gene Splicing
 * Base Facility: Children's Creche
 * Socio/economic model: Democratic
 * Track and Level: Explore 2

Eudaimonia

 * Prerequisite: Sentient Econometrics, The Will to Power
 * Technology: Temporal Mechanics
 * Secret Project: The Telepathic Matrix
 * Socio/economic model: Eudaimonic
 * Armor: Psi Defense
 * Track and Level: Explore 12

Field Modulation

 * Prerequisite: Progenitor Psych, Centauri Ecology
 * Technology: Bioadaptive Resonance
 * Armor: Resonance 3 Armor
 * Track and Level: Conquer 2

Frictionless Surfaces

 * Prerequisite: Unified Field Theory, Industrial Nanorobotics
 * Technology: Quantum Power
 * Special Ability: Cloaking Device
 * Track and Level: Discover 10

Fusion Power

 * Prerequisite: Pre-Sentient Algorithms, Superconductor
 * Technology: Advanced Ecological Engineering, Organic Superlubricant
 * Base Facility: Fusion Lab
 * Citizens: Engineer
 * Reactor: Fusion Reactor
 * Track and Level: Discover 6

Gene Splicing

 * Prerequisite: Biogenetics, Ethical Calculus
 * Technology: Synthetic Fossil Fuels, Bio-Engineering, Ecological Engineering
 * Base Facility: Research Hospital
 * Increases defense against gene warfare.
 * Allows a tile's Nutrient production to exceed 2.
 * Track and Level: Build 3

Graviton Theory

 * Prerequisite: Quantum Machinery, Mind/Machine Interface
 * Technology: Applied Gravitonics
 * Chassis: Gravship
 * Special Ability: Antigrav Struts
 * Allows units with drop pods to perform orbital insertions to any location.
 * Track and Level: Explore 13

High Energy Chemistry

 * Prerequisite: Industrial Base, Applied Physics
 * Technology: Advanced Subatomic Theory, Synthetic Fossil Fuels
 * Armor: Plasma Steel Armor
 * Special Ability: Nerve Gas Pods
 * Track and Level: Conquer 2

Homo Superior

 * Prerequisite: Biomachinery, Doctrine: Initiative
 * Technology: The Will to Power
 * Base Facility: Nanohospital
 * Secret Project: The Universal Translator
 * Track and Level: Explore 8

Industrial Automation

 * Prerequisite: Industrial Economics, Planetary Networks
 * Technology: Silksteel Alloys, Doctrine: Initiative, Neural Grafting, Industrial Nanorobotics
 * Base Facility: Hab Complex
 * Secret Project: The Planetary Transit System
 * Socio/economic model: Wealth
 * Unit: Supply Crawler
 * Weapon: Supply Transport
 * Increases commerce income from treaties and pacts.
 * Track and Level: Build 3

Easily one of the two or three most important technologies in the game. This technology allows you to build the Supply Crawler, a staple of virtually all advanced strategies, and additionally allows Wealth, which may be desirable, and the construction of Hab Complexes, which you'll need for bigger bases, and the Planetary Transit System, which is useful if you can spare the time and resources to grab it. On top of all that, you get more commerce. Getting this tech before anybody else does can easily swing the game in your favor even if you are otherwise behind in every other respect — but you must take full advantage of it.

Industrial Base

 * Technology: Superconductor, High Energy Chemistry, Polymorphic Software, Industrial Economics
 * Secret Project: The Merchant Exchange
 * Armor: Synthmetal Armor
 * Track and Level: Build 1

Industrial Economics

 * Prerequisite: Industrial Base
 * Technology: Industrial Automation, Environmental Economics, Adaptive Economics
 * Base Facility: Energy Bank
 * Socio/economic model: Free Market
 * Increases commerce income from treaties and pacts.
 * Track and Level: Build 2

Industrial Nanorobotics

 * Prerequisite: Nanominiaturization, Industrial Automation
 * Technology: Frictionless Surfaces, Digital Sentience
 * Base Facility: Robotic Assembly Plant
 * Secret Project: The Nano Factory
 * Increases commerce income from treaties and pacts.
 * Track and Level: Build 9

Information Networks

 * Technology: Nonlinear Mathematics, Polymorphic Software, Planetary Networks
 * Base Facility: Network Node
 * Track and Level: Discover 1

Intellectual Integrity

 * Prerequisite: Ethical Calculus, Doctrine: Loyalty
 * Technology: Cyberethics, Planetary Economics
 * Secret Project: The Citizens' Defense Force
 * Special Ability: Non-Lethal Methods, High Morale
 * Track and Level: Explore 3

Matter Compression

 * Prerequisite: Nanometallurgy, Nanominiaturization
 * Technology: Super Tensile Solids
 * Armor: Neutronium Armor
 * Special Ability: Fuel Nanocells
 * Track and Level: Conquer 9

Matter Editation

 * Prerequisite: Self-Aware Machines, Super Tensile Solids
 * Technology: Matter Transmission
 * Base Facility: Nanoreplicator
 * Secret Project: Clinical Immortality
 * Armor: Antimatter Plate
 * Increases defense against gene warfare.

Matter Transmission

 * Prerequisite: Matter Editation, Secrets of Alpha Centauri
 * Technology: Temporal Mechanics
 * Base Facility: Psi Gate
 * Secret Project: The Bulk Matter Transmitter
 * Special Ability: Blink Displacer
 * Increases Mineral production in fungus.

Mind/Machine Interface

 * Prerequisite: Doctrine: Air Power, Neural Grafting
 * Technology: Graviton Theory, Digital Sentience, Biomachinery
 * Secret Project: The Cyborg Factory
 * Secret Project: The Cloudbase Academy
 * Citizens: Thinker
 * Chassis: Copter
 * Diplomatic Proposal: Unite Behind Me As Supreme Leader
 * Special Ability: Drop Pods
 * Improves Probe Team success rate.
 * Track and Level: Conquer 6

Monopole Magnets

 * Prerequisite: Superstring Theory, Silksteel Alloys
 * Technology: Unified Field Theory, Nanominiaturization
 * Terraforming: Mag Tube

N-Space Compression

 * Prerequisite: Orbital Spaceflight, Biomachinery
 * Technology: Self-Aware Machines
 * Base Facility: Flechette Defense System, Geosynchronous Survey Pod

Nanometallurgy

 * Prerequisite: Probability Mechanics, Doctrine: Initiative
 * Technology: Matter Compression, Quantum Machinery
 * Special Ability: Repair Bay

Nanominiaturization

 * Prerequisite: Monopole Magnets, Organic Superlubricant
 * Technology: Matter Compression, Industrial Nanorobotics
 * Chassis: Hovertank
 * Special Ability: Algorithmic Enhancement
 * Track and Level: Build 8

Neural Grafting

 * Prerequisite: Secrets of the Human Brain, Industrial Automation
 * Technology: Mind/Machine Interface, Bio-Engineering
 * Base Facility: Bioenhancement Center
 * Secret Project: The Neural Amplifier
 * Allows a unit to have two special abilities.

Nonlinear Mathematics

 * Prerequisite: Applied Physics, Information Networks
 * Technology: Superstring Theory
 * Weapon: Particle Impactor

Optical Computers

 * Prerequisite: Applied Physics, Polymorphic Software
 * Technology: Superconductor, Advanced Military Algorithms

Orbital Spaceflight

 * Prerequisite: Doctrine: Air Power, Pre-Sentient Algorithms
 * Technology: Advanced Spaceflight, N-Space Compression
 * Base Facility: Sky Hydroponics Lab
 * Weapon: Planet Buster, Conventional Payload
 * Chassis: Missile
 * Diplomatic Proposal: Salvage Unity Fusion Core
 * Track and Level: Discover 6

Organic Superlubricant

 * Prerequisite: Fusion Power, Synthetic Fossil Fuels
 * Technology: Nanominiaturization, Advanced Spaceflight
 * Weapon: Fusion Laser
 * Track and Level: Conquer 7

Photon/Wave Mechanics

 * Prerequisite: Applied Relativity, Silksteel Alloys
 * Technology: Probability Mechanics
 * Armor: Photon Wall

Planetary Economics

 * Prerequisite: Adaptive Economics, Intellectual Integrity in SMACAX, Environmental Economics and Intellectual Integrity in original
 * Technology: Quantum Power, Sentient Econometrics
 * Base Facility: Hybrid Forest, Subsea Trunkline
 * Secret Project: The Ascetic Virtues
 * Diplomatic Proposal: Global Trade Pact, Repeal Global Trade Pact
 * Increases commerce income from treaties and pacts.
 * Allows economic victory
 * Track and Level: Build 6

Planetary Networks

 * Prerequisite: Information Networks
 * Technology: Industrial Automation, Cyberethics
 * Base Facility: Hologram Theatre
 * Secret Project: The Virtual World
 * Socio/economic model: Planned
 * Citizens: Librarian
 * Unit: Probe Team
 * Weapon: Probe Team

Polymorphic Software

 * Prerequisite: Industrial Base, Information Networks
 * Technology: Advanced Subatomic Theory, Optical Computers, Adaptive Doctrine
 * Special Ability: Heavy Artillery
 * Improves Probe Team success rate.

Pre-Sentient Algorithms

 * Prerequisite: Advanced Military Algorithms, Cyberethics
 * Technology: Fusion Power, Probability Mechanics, Orbital Spaceflight
 * Base Facility: Covert Ops Center
 * Secret Project: The Hunter-Seeker Algorithm
 * Special Ability: Polymorphic Encryption
 * Improves Probe Team success rate.
 * Track and Level: Discover 5

Probability Mechanics

 * Prerequisite: Photon/Wave Mechanics, Pre-Sentient Algorithms
 * Technology: Nanometallurgy
 * Base Facility: Tachyon Field
 * Armor: Probability Sheath

Progenitor Psych

 * Technology: Field Modulation, Adaptive Economics
 * Base Facility: Aquafarm

Quantum Machinery

 * Prerequisite: Quantum Power, Nanometallurgy
 * Technology: Graviton Theory
 * Base Facility: Quantum Converter
 * Weapon: Quantum Laser

Quantum Power

 * Prerequisite: Frictionless Surfaces, Planetary Economics
 * Technology: Quantum Machinery
 * Base Facility: Quantum Lab
 * Reactor: Quantum Chamber

Retroviral Engineering

 * Prerequisite: Bio-Engineering, Advanced Military Algorithms
 * Technology: Biomachinery, Centauri Genetics
 * Base Facility: Genejack Factory
 * Increases defense against gene warfare.
 * Allows gene warfare to be committed by probe teams.
 * Track and Level: Conquer 6

Secrets of Alpha Centauri

 * Prerequisite: Centauri Psi, Sentient Econometrics
 * Technology: Matter Transmission, Secrets of the Manifolds
 * Base Facility: Temple of Planet
 * Citizens: Transcend
 * Increases Energy production in fungus.
 * Reveals the entire map when discovered.
 * Secrets: First faction to discover Secrets of Alpha Centauri gains a free technological advance.
 * Track and Level: Discover 12

Secrets of Creation

 * Prerequisite: Unified Field Theory, The Will to Power
 * Technology: Singularity Mechanics
 * Secrets: First faction to discover Secrets of Creation gains a free technological advance.
 * Track and Level: Discover 10

Secrets of the Human Brain

 * Prerequisite: Social Psych, Biogenetics
 * Technology: Neural Grafting, Centauri Empathy
 * Socio/economic model: Fundamentalist
 * Special Ability: Hypnotic Trance
 * Secrets: First faction to discover Secrets of the Human Brain gains a free technological advance.
 * Track and Level: Discover 2

Secrets of the Manifolds

 * Prerequisite: Sentient Resonance, Secrets of Alpha Centauri
 * Technology: Threshold of Transcendence, String Resonance
 * Secret Project: The Manifold Harmonics
 * Secrets: First faction to discover Secrets of the Manifolds gains a free technological advance.

Self-Aware Machines

 * Prerequisite: N-Space Compression (Advanced Spaceflight in original), Digital Sentience
 * Technology: Singularity Mechanics, Matter Editation
 * Base Facility: Nessus Mining Station, Orbital Defense Pod
 * Secret Project: The Self-Aware Colony
 * Secret Project: The Nethack Terminus
 * Improves Probe Team success rate.

Sentient Econometrics

 * Prerequisite: Planetary Economics, Digital Sentience
 * Technology: Eudaimonia, Secrets of Alpha Centauri
 * Base Facility: Paradise Garden
 * Increases commerce income from treaties and pacts.
 * Recreation Commons maintenance cost reduced from 1 to 0

Sentient Resonance

 * Prerequisite: Bioadaptive Resonance, Centauri Psi
 * Technology: Secrets of the Manifolds
 * Weapon: Resonance Bolt
 * Armor: Resonance 8 Armor

Silksteel Alloys

 * Prerequisite: Advanced Subatomic Theory, Industrial Automation
 * Technology: Monopole Magnets, Photon/Wave Mechanics
 * Armor: Silksteel Armor

Singularity Mechanics

 * Prerequisite: Secrets of Creation, Self-Aware Machines
 * Technology: Controlled Singularity
 * Base Facility: Subspace Generator
 * Reactor: Singularity Engine

Social Psych

 * Technology: Doctrine: Loyalty, Ethical Calculus, Secrets of the Human Brain
 * Base Facility: Recreation Commons
 * Track and Level: Build 1

String Resonance

 * Prerequisite: Secrets of the Manifolds, Controlled Singularity
 * Weapon: String Disruptor

Super Tensile Solids

 * Prerequisite: Matter Compression, Advanced Spaceflight
 * Technology: Matter Editation
 * Base Facility: Habitation Dome
 * Secret Project: The Space Elevator
 * Armor: Pulse 8 Armor

Superconductor

 * Prerequisite: Optical Computers, Industrial Base
 * Technology: Applied Relativity, Fusion Power
 * Weapon: Gatling Laser

Superstring Theory

 * Prerequisite: Nonlinear Mathematics, Cyberethics
 * Technology: Monopole Magnets
 * Weapon: Chaos Gun

Synthetic Fossil Fuels

 * Prerequisite: High Energy Chemistry, Gene Splicing
 * Technology: Doctrine: Air Power, Organic Superlubricant
 * Weapon: Missile Launcher
 * Special Ability: Fungicide Tanks

Temporal Mechanics

 * Prerequisite: Eudaimonia, Matter Transmission
 * Technology: Threshold of Transcendence
 * Armor: Stasis Generator
 * Increases Energy production in fungus.

The Will to Power

 * Prerequisite: Homo Superior, Centauri Psi
 * Technology: Eudaimonia, Secrets of Creation
 * Secret Project: The Dream Twister
 * Socio/economic model: Thought Control
 * Track and Level: Explore 9

Threshold of Transcendence

 * Prerequisite: Secrets of the Manifolds (Secrets of Creation in original), Temporal Mechanics
 * Technology: Transcendent Thought
 * Secret Project: The Voice of Planet
 * Secret Project: The Ascent to Transcendence
 * Increases Mineral production in fungus.

Transcendent Thought
Transcendent Thought serves the same function as the 'Future Technology' techs in the Civilization series: Bonus Points at the end of the game for each 'level' of Transcendent Thought researched.
 * Prerequisite: Threshold of Transcendence, Controlled Singularity
 * Track and Level: Discover 16

Unified Field Theory

 * Prerequisite: Monopole Magnets, Applied Relativity
 * Technology: Frictionless Surfaces, Secrets of Creation
 * Secret Project: The Theory of Everything
 * Weapon: Tachyon Bolt


text:
Saara

Proper noun

 * 1) Sarah.
 * 2)  of biblical origin

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Sarah.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
Italianized spelling of.

Proper noun

 * 1) Sahara desert in Africa

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Saara


text:
User:RedSkunk

I have a user page on wikipedia at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Redskunk. If you want me to respond quickly to queries message me at my User talk on wikipedia. Cheers! RedSkunktalk 00:46, 17 March 2007 (UTC)

title: User:RedSkunk


text:
Talk:Distributed Systems

This textbook is based on class notes from a graduate-level comparative operating systems interfaces course.

Guidelines and Direction
Each chapter should follow this pattern:

== chapter == === section == ==== exercises for section ====

Answers for the exercises belong in the (currently empty) answers appendix.

Generally, I suggest we keep the number of chapters small, but have lots of sections.

There's a C programming appendix at the end that covers some stuff people might not know about C.

pseudocode vs. real code
While functional examples are great, sometimes it's best to introduce a topic with psuedo-code.

Additionally, you may be interested in Beej's Guides, which I've found to be particuarly useful.

--Eibwen 06:59, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the Beej link! Another site I really like is this guy's, and he covers just about everything.

--Waxmop 02:36, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)

As an experienced system programmer, functional code is best. "Pseudo-code" is basically meaningless when the objective is a simple example of an API IMO.

Named pipes and locks
Consider adding sections for named pipes and locks (eg sephamores, mutex). Granted the latter you'll probably cover in the threads section, but locks should at least be their own subsection.

--Eibwen 17:56, 25 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Yeah, I just added some example mutex code today. I'm typing this stuff in as the class progresses.

goals for this book
I would consider naming this something else than "Distributed Systems". That is far too general term for Unix thread/process intercommunication software development and TCP/IP protocols. If you really want to make a book on this subject, its not just Ethernet/TCP/IP-based distribution (message passing) - what about CANopen, Lin, Profinet, EPL, etc. Also, we are not talking about sensor networks, control systems, ...

--Mikko Laakso

I agree that *currently*, this book seems to be almost entirely about multitasking on a single box, and "distributed systems" is a much larger field.

However, I really do want a book on distributed systems. So the stuff you see on "multitasking on a single box" is merely one chapter of what I hope this book becomes.

How can I make clear that this is still a rough draft, and there are still a lot of other sections yet to be written? How can I persuade people to write those other sections?

p.s.: There currently seems to be a lot of overlap with Computer programming/Concurrent programming Parallel Computing and Computer Clusters. So I expect that someday, after both have matured a bit, that several pages from this book will be moved into those books, and a few pages from those books will be moved into this "Distributed Systems" book. --DavidCary 05:44, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

I still think this book needs a better focus to be really useful. That would help and steer writing this book as well. Focus on one, more limited, subject instead scraping the top of everything. And perhaps later, would be good to make it clear for everybody by re-inventing the name.

--Mikko Laakso

As an experienced system programmer I think this book is great. If you want to rename go for it but the content is perfect.

-- A PHD EE User in Florida, USA

high and low memory
may be unclear --Remi (talk) 02:58, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Distributed Systems


text:
User:CarpeLiberMegz

Bibliophile and librarian in training. Mom and lover of the beautiful nature that Maine provides here to give a voice to my town, share some love on my passions and learn as much as possible.

title: User:CarpeLiberMegz


text:
Inferno (Tangerine Dream album)

Inferno is the seventy-third release and twelfth live album by German electronic group Tangerine Dream. It is the first live album to feature new compositions since 220 Volt Live (1993). The lyrical content is based on the first part of the Italian narrative poem Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri. Inferno is the first album to feature percussionist Iris Camaa who remained with the group until 2014.

Reception
Prog Archives described the work as "something of quite astonishing beauty". The Times Literary Supplement called the work a "musical extravaganza".

Tangerine Dream used the album as a modern soundtrack for the 1911 Italian silent film L'Inferno. Nick Hasted in The Independent wrote that while the film was a "fascinating relic", with their soundtrack "Tangerine Dream add momentum and even melodrama, restricting themselves at times to dark, low strings." Ed Potton included the album in The Times 2021 list of "The 20 best film soundtracks".

Album trilogy
Inferno is the first album of a trilogy consisting of the following albums all inspired by Dante's Divine Comedy:

 * Inferno (2002)
 * Purgatorio (2004)
 * Paradiso (2006)

Track listing
All compositions are by Edgar Froese, except where indicated.

 * 1) "Before the Closing of the Day" - 4:50
 * 2) "The Spirit of Virgil" - 2:39
 * 3) "Minotaurae Hunt at Dawn" - 3:24
 * 4) "Those Once Broke the First Word" - 3:38
 * 5) "Dante in Despair" - 3:25
 * 6) "Io Non Mor" - 5:49
 * 7) "Vidi Tre Facce" - 4:41
 * 8) "At the Deepest Point in Space" - 2:38
 * 9) "L'omperador Del Doloroso Regno" - 4:45
 * 10) "Voices in the Starless Night" - 4:14
 * 11) "Fear and Longing" - 3:06
 * 12) "Fallen for Death" - 4:38
 * 13) "Where All Light Went Silent" - 3:39
 * 14) "Charon, Il Barchere" - 3:59
 * 15) "La Grey De Los Almas Perdidas" - 7:28
 * 16) "Justice of the Karma Law" - 3:02 (Jerome Froese)
 * 17) "As the Sun Moves Towards Heaven" - 7:57 (Edgar Froese, Jerome Froese)
 * 18) "Beatrice, L'Âme Infinie" - 5:10

Personnel

 * Tangerine Dream

 * Edgar Froese – keyboards, sequencer
 * Jerome Froese – keyboards, sequencer
 * Iris Camaa (credited as "Iris Kulterer") – kettledrums, percussion, alto vocals

 * Guest vocalists

 * Bianca Acquaye – alto vocals
 * Jayney Klimek – alto vocals
 * Claire Foquet – mezzo vocals
 * Barbara Kindermann – soprano vocals
 * Bry Gonzales – soprano vocals
 * Jane Monet – soprano vocals

title: Inferno (Tangerine Dream album)


text:
Scrapebook Linguistics

Linguistics is the study of human language(s) by scientific method(s) in the spoken, written and preconscious form.

Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.

In the scientific practice of linguistics, several distinct areas of study are recognized. Each represents a different aspect or level of abstraction. These range from Phonetics--the study of the acoustic, anatomical, and other such aspects of the physical production or qualities of vocal sounds; to syntax--the study of the rules and organization of words and the relationships existing between them.

 * Phonetics is the study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance.
 * Phonology is the study and description of the sound changes in a language.
 * Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words.
 * Syntax is the study of the structure of phrases, sentences and language.
 * Semantics is the study of the relationship between words and their meanings.
 * Pragmatics is the study of how meaning changes according to context.
 * Stylistics is the study of why a particular choice of language is used in a particular context.

Computational Linguistics
An interdisciplinary field dealing with the statistical and logical modeling of natural language from a computational perspective. This modeling is not limited to any particular field of linguistics.

There are two major purposes of computational linguistics:
 * 1) To help linguists study natural languages more easily
 * 2) To make it possible for ordinary people to use natural language when using a computer

Computational linguists often use large bodies of digitized text or speech called corpora as a basis for teaching computer programs the proper use of a language, or to compare the use of a language in one context to it's use in another context. This is also called corpus linguistics.

Some of the practical uses of computational linguistics include:
 * Speech recognition
 * Speech production
 * Machine translation
 * Improvements to data mining, including  search engine design.

See Also: computational linguistics

title: Scrapebook Linguistics


text:
Australian Vocational Education and Training/ICAA4142A Design a website to meet technical requirements

From the official document:
 * "This unit defines the competency required to design a website to specifications within a particular technical and human interface environment."

Basically, that means ... (translate above into plain english)

You can read more about this unit on the National Training Information Systems Official document for ICAA4142A.

This unit forms part of the following qualifications:
 * Cert IV Websites Qualification in Australia

How this unit will help you
After learning and applying the skills required by this unit you'll be able to demonstrate your skills in:

 * translate the above elements and performance criteria into plain english and summarise here...

Ideas for demonstrating this unit
The best way to demonstrate these skills is ...

Grading
If you are demonstrating this unit as part of a formal course, you might find that the unit is graded (meaning you can not only demonstrate your competence, but can also gain a credit or distinction). Your facilitator may already have set criteria that your college uses. If not, here are some ideas for possible credit/distinction activities that you can discuss with your facilitator:


text:
Danny Namaso

Daniel Namaso Edi-Mesumbe Loader (born 28 August 2000) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for Portuguese side Porto.

Reading
Loader was born in Reading, Berkshire, and started his career in the youth team of Wycombe Wanderers before joining the under-13 side at his hometown club Reading in 2012. He studied at Leighton Park School and then The Forest School. In 2016 he won the Maurice Edelston Memorial Trophy for the best academy schoolboy at the club. In the summer of 2016 he started a two-year scholarship, but was quickly promoted to the under-23 side after a number of games and went on to represent the side in the EFL Trophy campaign.

He made his professional debut for the first team at the age of sixteen in August 2017, coming on as a substitute for Leandro Bacuna in extra time in the 3–1 victory over Millwall in the EFL Cup. In the process he became only the third Reading player to make his debut under the age of seventeen. At the end of the month he signed his first professional contract when he turned seventeen. Prolific for the youth team, he was given a chance in the first team under José Gomes and became the youngest Reading player to reach 20 appearances. On 27 April, he scored his first senior goal against Middlesbrough. Loader was close to a move to Wolverhampton Wanderers before Wolves pulled out of the move due to Reading upping the price at the last moment. A few days later he scored the winning penalty in round 2 of the EFL Cup against Wycombe Wanderers.

Porto
On 20 August 2020, FC Porto announced the signing of Loader for Porto B, on a two-year contract. He made 32 appearances for the reserve team in his first season, finishing with 8 goals, the highest tally on the team. Loader began the following season with Porto B and went on to score 15 goals. He was named in the senior squad for the first time for a league match against Boavista on 30 October. He came off the bench late in the match to replace centre-forward Evanilson, and he scored in added time, sealing a 4–1 win.

Loader started the 2022–23 season by winning the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira after being handed a surprising first start for Porto in a game that they ran out 3–0 winners over Tondela.

On 23 January 2024, Namaso extended his contract with Porto until June 2028.

International career
Loader is eligible to represent England and Cameroon. He has represented England at under-16, under-17, under-18, under-19 level and under-20. He was a member of the England U-17 team that finished runners-up to Spain in the 2017 UEFA European Under-17 Championship held in May in Croatia, making a total of five appearances in the tournament.

In September 2017, Loader was called up to England U17 team for the 2017 FIFA U17 World Cup. Loader scored twice in a group stage game against Iraq and came off the bench in the quarter-final against the United States. He did not feature in the final as England defeated Spain to lift the trophy.

In September 2018, Loader scored twice for the England U19 team against the Netherlands.

On 28 May 2019, Loader was called up to the England U20 for the 2019 Toulon Tournament. He scored his first goal for the U20 age group on his ninth appearance; a 3–0 win over Iceland U21s at Wycombe on 19 November 2019.

Personal life
His brother, Ben Loader, is a professional rugby player with the Stormers.

Ahead of the 2022/23 season, he stated to the Portuguese press that his preference was to be professionally addressed as Danny Namaso rather than Danny Loader.

Honours
Porto
 * Primeira Liga: 2021–22
 * Taça de Portugal: 2022–23, 2023–24
 * Taça da Liga: 2022–23
 * Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 2022

England U17
 * FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2017
 * UEFA European Under-17 Championship runner-up: 2017

title: Danny Namaso


text:
1933 Kansas Jayhawks football team

The 1933 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Six Conference during the 1933 college football season. In their second season under head coach Adrian Lindsey, the Jayhawks compiled a 5–4–1 record (2–3 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 102 to 51. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas. Ormand Beach was the team captain.

Three Kansas players were selected by the Associated Press as second-team players on the 1933 All-Big Six Conference football team: fullback Ormand Beach, end Ernest Casini, and tackle Peter Mehringer.

title: 1933 Kansas Jayhawks football team


text:
Volga, Altai Krai

Volga (Волга) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Pervomaysky Selsoviet, Pervomaysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 168 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Volga is located 34 km north of Novoaltaysk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pervomayskoye is the nearest rural locality.

title: Volga, Altai Krai


text:
Talk:List of knights and dames grand cross of the Royal Victorian Order appointed by Elizabeth II (1978–2002)

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text:
Reaktor/Modules/System Info

Comments

 * The CR output fires constantly at the control rate (typically 400hz). So, if the CR output is connected to a complex event structure, you will have a lot of events being processed that will eat more CPU.

title: Reaktor/Modules/System Info


text:
File:ANTM2.JPG

Back row (standing): Sara Racey-Tabrizi and Shandi Sullivan

Back row (seated): Bethany Harrison, Heather Blumberg, Jenascia Chakos and Xiomara Frans

Middle row: Camille McDonald, Yoanna House, Anna Bradfield and Mercedes Scelba-Shorte

Front row: Catie Anderson and April Wilkner

title: File:ANTM2.JPG


text:
User:Razor63/sandbox

Larry Gene Walters was born in Van Buren, Arkansas in June of 1941. Here he lived until he married Carol Jean Wear of Ft. Smith, Arkansas. The couple eloped

title: User:Razor63/sandbox