text:
Phra Tabong province

Phra Tabong Province (พระตะบอง) was a province of Thailand, from the late-18th century until it was ceded to French Indochina in 1907, and again between 1941-1946 after Thailand recaptured it during the Japanese occupation of Cambodia in World War II. The province was dissolved and returned to Cambodia in 1946. The area is now in Battambang Province, Cambodia.

Name
Phra Tabong (พระตะบอง) is the Thai version of the name Preah Bat Dambang Kranhung, the namesake of Battambang, who according to Khmer legend threw his staff from Angkor, landing in the area of modern Battambang.

History
Though Siam had invaded this area of Cambodia at the beginning of the 15th century, Siamese administration of the area was only formally organized in the late-18th century, at the beginning of the Bangkok period known as Inner Cambodia or Khamen Nai. Baen Abhaiwongse, of the Abhaiwongse family, was installed as governor, with the title Chao Phraya Abhayabhubet. His family governed Phra Tabong as the provincial capital for another five generations, until 1907. In that year Phra Tabong, along with Siemmarat and Sisophon, was ceded to French Indochina in exchange for Trat Province and Dan Sai, in accordance with the Franco-Siam Treaty signed 23 March 1907.

In 1941, with the help of its ally, Japan, which occupied Thailand at the time, Thailand recaptured the areas it had ceded to France in 1907. The area in Cambodia had since been subdivided, and was rejoined to Thailand on 23 July 1941 as three provinces: Phra Tabong Province (with new boundaries, corresponding to Cambodian Battambang Province), Nakhon Champassak Province, and Phibunsongkhram Province (corresponding to Cambodian Siem Reap Province).

Thailand was forced to cede the territory again in 1946, after the end of World War II, as a condition for Thailand's admission into the United Nations.

Administrative divisions
When it was rejoined to Thailand on 23 July 1941, Phra Tabong was divided into seven districts (amphoe):

Three of the former Cambodian districts were renamed to honor the military officers who led the three major divisions of the Thai armed forces in the French-Thai War:
 * Phromyothi (พรหมโยธี) was renamed for Colonel Luang Phromyothi (common name Mangkon Phromyothi, later General), who commanded army troops.
 * Athuekthewadet (อธึกเทวเดช) was renamed for Air Marshal Luang Athuekthewadet (common name Bunchiam Komonmit), who commanded airmen.
 * Renamed in 1943 to Ronnaphakat (รณนภากาศ), after Luang Athuekthewadet quit his position.

 * Sinthusongkhramchai (สินธุสงครามชัย) was renamed for Rear Admiral Luang Sinthusongkhramchai (common name Sin Kamonnawin, later Admiral), who commanded the fleet.

On 23 December 1941, Si Sophon and Sinthu Songkhram Chai were reassigned to Phibunsongkhram Province.

On 3 November 1942, Mueang Phra Tabong was established as a town (thesaban mueang).

On 17 September 1943, due to its small size, Phromyothi District was downgraded to a minor district (king amphoe) and renamed Pak Phraek (ปากแพรก). At the same time, four sub-districts from Mongkhon Buri District were combined into a new Phromyothi District.

title: Phra Tabong province


text:
Talk:Lynton and Barnstaple Railway Trust

External links modified
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source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
User:Eco ant

Eco_Ant: An ant to some and a cockroach to others. The subterranean termite is an important part of the forest ecosystem, recycling nutrients, bringing mineral-rich sub-soils to the forest floor and aerating the soil. It also pays no heed to the bounds of property, destroying the artifices of human settlement. Interests:
 * natural resource commons
 * social science research
 * indigenous knowledge

Background:
 * consulting on land use planning for First Nations in northwestern Ontario
 * research on community-based land management in southern Africa
 * PhD in social anthropology (focus on African studies and ecological anthropology)

title: User:Eco ant


text:
Lena Lootens

Lena Lootens is a Belgian soprano. She has performed in Claudio Monteverdi's L'Incoronazione di Poppea, and with the Concerto Vocale, amongst many others. On 23 June 1988 she performed two works by C. P. E. Bach, his Magnificat and the oratorio Die Israeliten in der Wüste, with soloists Nancy Argenta, Mechthild Georg, Howard Crook and Stephen Roberts under Frieder Bernius in the first concert of the Rheingau Musik Festival in Eberbach Abbey.

title: Lena Lootens


text:
seccare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to dry
 * 2)  to dry up, to become dry
 * 3)  to cause to wither
 * 4)  to wither
 * 5)  to irk, annoy or bother
 * 6)  to become annoyed, to get annoyed
 * 7)  to exhaust, to weaken
 * 8)  to become exhausted, to weaken

title: seccare


text:
Talk:Spiritual warfare

It seems spiritual warfare itself is not an academic discipline, but perhaps studying perspectives on spiritual warfare from a theological and anthropological perspective may be a pursuit better fitted for Wikiversity. --Remi 10:44, 30 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spiritual warfare


text:
marsch

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a march (formal, rhythmic way of walking)
 * 2) a march; music written for marching
 * 3) a march (of demonstrators); a parade

title: marsch


text:
Annie MacDonald Langstaff

Annie MacDonald Langstaff (6 June 1887 – 29 June 1975) was a Canadian law student, legal activist, supporter of women's suffrage and an early woman aviator. Born in Ontario in 1887, she graduated from Prescott High School and then married in 1904. Her husband quickly abandoned her, leaving her a single mother. Moving to Montreal in 1906, she began working as a stenographer in the law office of Samuel William Jacobs, who encouraged her to study law. Finding no barriers to her admission, Langstaff enrolled at McGill University in 1911, graduating three years later as a Bachelor of Civil Law. On applying to the Bar of Montreal to practice, she was refused the right to take the examination.

When Langstaff petitioned the Superior Court for a Writ Of Mandamus to compel the bar to admit her as she met all statutory requirements, the court upheld the bar's decision based upon the fact that she neither had her husband's permission to attend law school, nor to become a lawyer. As her husband had abandoned her and her child and she did not know where he was, she was unable to obtain his permission. The refusal led to feminists in support of women's suffrage embracing Langstaff and her cause. She became active in the fight for enfranchisement of women in Quebec, while continuing her fight to become a barrister. In 1915 she filed an appeal with the Court of King's Bench, which also ruled against her, claiming that her recourse was to petition the legislature, since they had enacted the statute defining who could become a lawyer.

Langstaff was supported in her quest by her employer, with whom she would work for 60 years. Preparing an amendment to the Bar Act, Jacobs argued for the admission of women to the bar before the National Assembly of Quebec in 1915. Numerous attempts were made to change the law, without success. She wrote Canada's first French-English/English-French law dictionary in 1937. In 1940, when women in Quebec won the right to vote, the decision was used as leverage to change the law excluding women from practicing law. The next year, joined by Leona Bell and Elizabeth C. Monk, Langstaff pleaded with the Quebec Bar Association to support their right to practice. The bar agreed to allow women to enter the profession, if the legislature approved, which they did on 29 April 1941. Because of a prerequisite for lawyers admitted to the bar to have obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree, Langstaff was not admitted to the bar in her lifetime. She was posthumously admitted to the Montreal Bar in 2006.

Early life
Annie MacDonald was born on 6 June 1887 in Alexandria, Glengarry Township, Ontario, to Clara Angela ( McPhaul) and Archibald B. MacDonald. Her father was a teacher, later an insurance agent, and both of her parents were Catholic. Annie was the oldest sibling in a family of five other children: John, Alice Phyllis Muriel "Phyllis", Mary Jane, Pearl and Eileen. By 1891, the family was living in Prescott, where MacDonald attended Catholic grammar schools and graduated from Prescott High School. On 21 November 1904 in Prescott, MacDonald married Gilbert Samuel Langstaff, a carpenter, with whom she had a daughter, Mary Andrea Langstaff, on 28 April 1906. Soon after their marriage, Langstaff and her husband separated, as he left her. Her husband migrated to New York City in 1905 with another woman whom he claimed to have married in 1904.

Law school and bar case (1906–1915)
In 1906, Langstaff moved to Montreal, Quebec, to work for the law firm of Jacobs, Hall and Garneau, as a stenographer for the head partner Samuel William Jacobs,. Her family also moved to Quebec, where her father worked as a customs collector in Saint-Hyacinthe. Langstaff had an affinity for the law and within a few years was performing much of the company incorporation work for Jacobs. With his encouragement, she wrote to McGill University's faculty of law, in 1911, inquiring if she could be admitted. Frederick P. Walton, dean of the faculty, responded that no woman had ever asked for admission before, and while he was unsure of whether his colleagues would approve, she ought to begin attending lectures. Langstaff graduated in 1914 with a Bachelor of Civil Law, first in her class in criminal and company law, and fourth overall with first-class honours. That year, she became the first woman to serve as a court stenographer in the June Special Session of the Montreal Criminal Court.

Langstaff applied to sit for the preliminary bar examination but was refused by the Bar of Montreal despite her law degree. The preliminary examination was open to male students before they began their studies, but anticipating that she might encounter difficulty, Langstaff had not applied until after she had already received her degree. In January 1915, she petitioned the Superior Court for a Writ Of Mandamus. With Jacobs acting as her counsellor, she asked the court to grant her the right to take the examination, as she met all the statutory qualifications. At issue were two questions: whether a woman was admissible at all, and whether as a married woman, Langstaff was admissible as either a law student or lawyer, since her husband had not given his consent. A good deal of the court proceedings focused on the fact that Langstaff was raising her daughter as a single mother and did not know the whereabouts of her husband. In his ruling, Justice Henri-Césaire Saint-Pierre denied her request, stating that to allow her to practice law without her husband's consent would be a "direct infringement upon public order and a manifest violation of the law of good morals and public decency".

After Saint-Pierre's comments had been widely publicized in newspapers throughout the United States and Canada, the issue became a cause célèbre for those involved in the struggle for women's suffrage. Professor Carrie Derick and the (Conseil local des femmes de Montréal) staged demonstrations protesting the decision. Langstaff was invited regularly to speak at suffragist rallies, where she stressed that equal opportunity was her goal and filed an appeal with the Court of King's Bench. At the September 1915 hearing, the court's focus was again turned to the facts that she was not living with her husband, that he had not agreed to her attending law school, and that she was raising her daughter without his support. In a 4 to 1 decision, issued on 2 November with Justice Joseph Lavergne as Langstaff's sole supporter, her appeal was denied. The basis of the ruling was that the intent of the law in Quebec was to exclude women from the legal profession because hearing cases which involved crimes of a sexual nature or obscenities "would bring into contempt her honor as a spouse or as a mother and to revile herself in the eyes of her husband, her children, and the male sex generally". The judge also noted that the courts were not the appropriate venue for such a decision and that it should be reviewed by the legislature since the law forbade women practicing. On 31 December 1915, her only brother was killed in action while fighting on the front lines in World War I.

Continuing activism, paralegal work, and legal scholarship (1916–1965)
Langstaff began to plan for introducing an amendment to the Bar Act at the next legislative session of the National Assembly of Quebec, which would convene on 12 January 1916. Langstaff's supporters, including Jacobs, prepared a bill and Lucien Cannon sponsored it. Jacobs, using arguments supporting Langstaff's application written by Justice Lavergne, spoke to the committee along with feminists Grace Ritchie England and Marie Lacoste Gérin-Lajoie. The bill did not make it out of committee, nor did a similar attempt made after the 1916 General Election of Quebec. Langstaff continued to work as a legal assistant at Jacobs, Hall, Couture and Fitch, (later Jacobs & Phillips (1920) and still later Phillips & Vineberg (1945)). During World War I, further action on admitting women to the bar in Quebec was suspended, but in 1920 another unsuccessful attempt at legislation was made. Becoming the assistant to the other senior partner, Senator Lazarus Phillips, Langstaff served as his secretary, a bookkeeper for the firm, and as a paralegal.

In 1921, Langstaff took up flying. An article published on 1 July 1922 in Maclean's Magazine called her the "first Canadian woman to fly" and featured her photograph. That year, when French general Ferdinand Foch toured Montreal, she circled the city in a plane as part of the festivities. She continued to attend and speak at suffragist meetings and rallies. In 1929, she proposed that single women refuse to marry until the civil code which treated wives as chattel was revised. In 1930, the legislature was again pressed to admit women to the bar. The debate clarified that the bar no longer objected to the admission of women and would allow a judge to grant her permission in the absence of a spouse. After two days of arguments, once again, the proposed bill was defeated by a vote of 37 to 29, largely because Antonin Galipeault, the Minister of Public Works and Labour, tied it to a pending suffrage bill and the possibility that feminists would next be asking for the possibility of divorce. The following year, another bill was submitted but was defeated by two votes.

In 1935, when Joseph-Napoléon Francoeur introduced legislation for women to prove their need for employment before they could work, Langstaff became a vocal opponent. She argued that employment was a human right and if men could work in women's occupations, like fashion or cooking, then women should be allowed to work in whatever field they wanted. She suggested that if professional men had sufficient income without employment, perhaps they should give up their careers to unemployed men. The bill did not pass, as most Members of Parliament felt that it violated the right to work. In 1937, Langstaff published the French-English, English-French Law Dictionary, the first Canadian legal dictionary to provide terms found in the Civil, Criminal and Municipal Codes in English and French languages. She authored several articles on family law and continued her work in business law, drafting bylaws and incorporation papers for groups like the Montreal branch of the National Council of Jewish Women of Canada. In 1939, she was one of the featured aviators in an air show held in Montreal in honor of King George VI and heir presumptive, Elizabeth.

After having 13 suffrage bills defeated between 1922 and 1939, Quebec's feminists worked that year to convince Premier Adélard Godbout to keep his campaign promise to reintroduce the measure. On 9 April 1940, he personally introduced "Bill No. 18" proposing women's suffrage at the provincial level. The bill passed with a vote of 67 in favour and 9 against on the third reading on 18 April. Gaining approval on 25 April from the Legislative Council, feminists saw the vote as leverage to gain other reforms. The following year, Langstaff, Leona Bell (wife of Leslie Bell) and Elizabeth C. Monk submitted a plea asking support for women's right to practice law to the Quebec Bar Association. In a vote of 12 in favour and 11 against, the bar agreed to allow it as long as the legislature approved a bill in the sitting session. On 29 April 1941, the legislature passed the bill and in early 1942, Monk, Constance G. Short, and Marcelle Hemond were the first women admitted to the bar. Impacting Langstaff, the new law required that candidates have a Bachelor of Arts degree for admission to the bar and she was not prepared to study for another degree. Langstaff retired in 1965, having spent six decades at Phillips & Vineberg.

Death and legacy
Langstaff died on 29 June 1975 in Montreal, after a lengthy illness, and was buried at Cornwall, Ontario. Her papers were collected by her daughter and placed in the archival holdings of the Faculty of Law at McGill University.

In 1988, McGill's Faculty of Law inaugurated the Annie MacDonald Langstaff Workshops in her honour to provide a forum for academics, judges, lawyers, and community activists to present scholarly research and practical insights on issues relating to women and the law. Two other named lectures, the Margot E. Halpenny Memorial Lecture and the Patricia Allen Memorial Lecture are given each year as part of the series, in addition to three or four additional presentations.

In 2006, more than 90 years after she had first been refused admission to the bar, Langstaff was posthumously admitted to the Barreau de Montréal and awarded the bar's rarely-given Medal of Honour. As by that time, her daughter, who had become a nun in the Sisters of Holy Cross, had already died, the medal was accepted by Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg, the successor firm to her former employer. It later went on display at McGill University Faculty of Law.

title: Annie MacDonald Langstaff


text:
ingenio

Etymology 1
, replacing native, from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) genius, wit
 * 2) intuition, creative faculty
 * 3) skill, cleverness
 * 4) sense of humor
 * 5) machine, device
 * 6) war machine
 * 7) mill, esp. a sugar mill
 * 8) instrument used by bookbinders to cut the edge of books

title: ingenio


text:
Tarlac Provincial Board

The Tarlac Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Tarlac.

The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into three districts, with the first and third districts sending three members each, while the second district sending four members to the provincial board; the number of candidates the electorate votes for and the number of winning candidates depends on the number of members their district sends. The vice governor is the ex officio presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system province-wide.

The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of Tarlac.

Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay (ABC, from its old name "Association of Barangay Captains"), the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) and the Philippine Councilors League (PCL).

Current members
These are the members after the 2019 local elections and 2018 barangay and SK elections:

 * Vice Governor: Carlito David (NPC)

title: Tarlac Provincial Board


text:
Ada Programming/Delimiters/:

A colon (':') is placed after an identifier, or list of identifiers, for associating names with some entities, as follows. It occurs in declarations of objects, or components of objects such as records and protected objects. Similarly, a colon is to be found after the names of subprogram parameters and after the names of generic formal objects.

A colon is also used after an identifier when declaring/renaming an exception, or when declaring an exception choice parameter. Also, it can be used when specifying a loop or block name.

Variable declaration
See Ada Programming/Variables.

Function and procedure parameter
See Ada Programming/Subprograms.

Generic Formal Objects
See Ada Programming/Generics

Exception Choice Parameter
See Ada Programming/Exceptions.

Block name
See Ada Programming/Control.

Wikibook

 * Ada Programming
 * Ada Programming/Delimiters

Ada Reference Manual

|: /Unfinished module

title: Ada Programming/Delimiters/:


text:
Wikibooks:A-level bookshelf

Maths, Science and Computing

 * Applied Science
 * Biology
 * Chemistry
 * Computing
 * Mathematics
 * Advanced A-level Mathematics
 * Physics

Humanities and Social Science

 * Geography
 * Modern and Ancient History
 * Government and Politics

Languages

 * English Language and Literature

Business

 * Economics

General

 * General Studies

This is a basic list of A-level subjects, feel free to add more, provided that they are available at A-level.

title: Wikibooks:A-level bookshelf


text:
C++/Conditional Statements

First, a couple notes (since I've pretty much made this tradition in my lessons). So...

 * Firstly, hopefully you have read the lessons to date. You should be well versed in simple input/output as well as variables.

 * Secondly, hopefully the lessons are teaching you some valuable skills in C++. Once again, it is awesome to see people adding on to the lessons.

As the name implies, conditional statements specify whether another statement or block of statements should be executed or not. These are often called "selection constructs". The two general types are "if...then" and the "switch...case" construct. Note that there is no looping involved here, but that conditionals are involved in loops.

Comparison Operators
The conditions tested are specified using comparison operators. These operators cause the immediate statement in which they are contained to return a Boolean value of either true or false. (Note that in certain circumstances they may evaluate to 0 or 1; be careful combining conditional statements with arithmetic)

The following comparison operators are available:
 * Equality: ==, or Inequality: != of any primitive data type (int, char, float, bool, etc.) These are binary operators (take two operands) and are specified using infix notation (which means that the operator goes in between the two operands).
 * Greater-than: >, Greater than or equal to: >=, Less-than: < and Less than or equal to: <= are also binary operators using infix notation. Use only with numeric data types; there are specific functions for comparing other data types.
 * Negation: ! is a unary operator, and prefixes the operand.

Examples:

The if...else Conditional
There are two variations to the if...then conditional. Let us take a simple case and explain it line-by-line.

Explanation:
 * 1) This is the first line.  Note that there is space between the keyword if and the opening parenthesis.  Inside the parentheses is the condition; in this case it is a test for equality.  It is good practice to use the same type arguments (not comparing floating-point values to characters).  Note also the left curly brace {.  This symbol denotes a block of multiple lines of code.  Without it, the conditional would only refer to the statement immediately following it.  It is good practice to always use the braces.
 * 2) This comment represents the body of the conditional statement.
 * 3) The right curly brace is essential; it matches the opening brace on line 1 and signals the end of the if body.
 * 4) This line is optional.  If there is a sort of "default" behavior that should be carried out, it would be placed here.  The else clause does not belong by itself, only directly following an if clause.
 * 5) This is the body of the else clause.
 * 6) This curly brace is also essential; it matches the opening brace on line 4 and signals the end of the else body.

The body of the else block can be another if statement. This is known as "nested conditionals" because the conditionals are indeed nested; that is, placed inside of one another.

The switch...case Construct
This tests an input variable for equality with any number of cases and then executes the corresponding code. The syntax follows:

Again, here is a line-by-line explanation:
 * Line 1: The opening line is very similar to the if construct, described above. The only difference is that the switch...case construct only uses int values and character constants or character literals.  For this reason, the switch-case can come in handy but it is limited to these circumstances.
 * Line 2: For each expected value, code a line such as this one. The 1 means that if a does contain an integer value equal to 1, execution will begin following the colon on this line.  Execution will continue blindly, so,
 * Line 4: contains a break statement that forces execution outside of the switch block.
 * Line 8: The default block is similar to the else block in a normal conditional. It is chosen if none of the previous cases matched the value of the condition variable.

Note, the break statement can be under-used to the programmer's advantage. If multiple values of the condition variable would lead to executing the same code, the cases can be listed one after another like this:

The Conditional Expression
There are expressions of a special kind, the conditional expressions, these are not statements, but they are one sort of contraction of the if...then construct. This kind of expression can help to produce highly readable assignment statements fitting onto one line of the source code. This is the syntax (there is no semicolon at the end, since it is not a statement but an expression embeddable into even larger expressions):

First the condition is evaluated and the side effects of this evaluation carry out their impact on the local environment. If the result is true then only the expressionIfTrue is evaluated (causing side effects) and this second result is the value of the whole conditional expression, and the expressionIfFalse is not evaluated (and hence cause no side effects). If the condition evaluates to false, then the situation is converse, the resulting values is given by the evaluation of the false branch of the conditional expression, and the true branch is not evaluated.

Common use of the conditional expression is to assign the value x or y to a, depending on an easily decidable condition, say x>y. See the sample code below:

As you can see, this makes simple conditionals all the simpler.

Use the conditional expression only if you feel that it really enhances the readability.

See if you can come up with a few usages of the conditional constructs you have just learned.

title: C++/Conditional Statements


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Parakev Arsenov

The result was speedy keep. Withdrawn by nominator - no point splitting the discussion occurring at Articles for deletion/Finn Mikkelsen. (non-admin closure) power~enwiki ( π, ν ) 22:22, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

Parakev Arsenov

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Notability concerns. The only reference is the World Curling Federation database, and I can't find any coverage of this person. power~enwiki ( π, ν ) 05:21, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Sportspeople-related deletion discussions. power~enwiki ( π,  ν ) 05:21, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Bulgaria-related deletion discussions. power~enwiki ( π,  ν ) 05:21, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

 * As per WP:NCURLING: "...A curler is presumed notable if he or she ... 2) Has participated at the World Curling Championships..." Parakev Arsenov has participated at the 2002 World Wheelchair Curling Championship. Yes, I can't found other sources for today. -- Alexey Gustow (talk) 05:50, 19 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
lexicografie

Noun

 * 1) lexicography art or craft of writing dictionaries

Etymology
. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) lexicography

title: lexicografie


text:
User:Freestyle~enwikiversity

Freestyle

This is the Wikiversity-userpage of F r e e style.

My other userpages:

 * Dutch Wikipedia
 * Wikimedia Commons
 * German Wikipedia
 * English Wikipedia
 * African Wikipedia
 * Italian Wikipedia

title: User:Freestyle~enwikiversity


text:
2019 Kashmir earthquake

The 2019 Kashmir earthquake struck regions of Pakistan with an epicentre in Azad Kashmir on 24 September at 16:02 local time (11:02 UTC). It had a magnitude of 5.4 and a maximum felt intensity of VII (Very strong) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale or VIII (Heavily damaging) on the European macroseismic scale. There was severe damage in Mirpur District, causing the deaths of 40 people and injuring a further 850. The epicentre of the shallow quake was near the city of Mirpur, Pakistan. The tremors were felt in the Kashmir region, Punjab (Pakistan), Punjab (India), Uttarakhand and northern parts of India including New Delhi.

Tectonic setting
Kashmir lies at the southern margin of the broad zone of continental collision between the Eurasian and Indian Plates. The rate of convergence between these plates near this location is 38 mm per year. The main structures involved in accommodating this convergence are large thrust faults, such as the Main Central Thrust and the Main Frontal Thrust. Within the frontal thrust zone, there are many individual thrust faults. Many damaging earthquakes have resulted from movement on such thrust faults, such as the 2005 Kashmir earthquake which caused the deaths of around 87,000 people.

Earthquake
The earthquake which occurred at a depth of 10 km was the result of thrust faulting associated with the active convergent boundary. Further analysis has showed that it occurred on a near horizontal-dipping thrust fault on the interface of the plate boundary. The Main Himalayan Thrust; the décollement structure underlying the Himalayas was the source of the earthquake. The rupture occurred on a segment of the décollement where it branches up to the surface via the Main Frontal Thrust. Up to 0.4 meter of slip occurred during the event, releasing a fraction of energy accumulated since a large quake in 1555. Modelling of the earthquake with InSAR data indicated a moment magnitude of 6.0.

Damage
The earthquake caused severe damage to 135 houses in Mirpur District, with a further 319 being partially damaged, most in Mirpur and just four in Bhimber District. Two bridges were reported damaged and parts of several roads were affected, particularly 14 km of the Main Jatlan Road.

According to the chairman of Pakistan's National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), "In Mirpur, besides the city, a small town Jatlan, and two small villages Manda and Afzalpur" were among the worst-hit areas. According to him, the main road which runs alongside a river from Mangla to Jatlan suffered major damage. According to the officials, the Mangla Dam, Pakistan's major water reservoir, was spared. However, the dam's power house was closed, which resulted in a loss of 900 megawatts to Pakistan's national power grid. At 7:20 pm, power generation at Mangla was resumed, restoring 700 MW to the national grid.

According to a media report, cracks and fissures had appeared in the Upper Jhelum canal. Flood water had managed to enter the Chak Nigah village in Jatlan town. The canal was subsequently shut as a precautionary measure.

Casualties
Forty people have died and more than 850 injured as per the reports published on 26 September. Of those who died, thirty-three were in Mirpur District, four in Bhimber District, and one more in Jhelum District. Reuters reported, citing architects, that the large number of casualties were due to shoddy building construction methods and weak construction standards in Pakistan. Mirpur's deputy inspector general of police Sardar Gulfaraz Khan stated that a large number of deaths were caused due to the collapse of old houses in the villages.

Response
The Prime Minister of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Farooq Haider Khan, cut short a visit to Lahore and went back to his native region immediately after the reports of the damage emerged. NDMA vehicles laden with 200 tents, 800 blankets, 200 kitchen sets and 100 medical kits were dispatched to affected areas.

Aftershocks
On 26 September at 12:30, two days after the major earthquake, another earthquake struck Mirpur, which led to a further 67 people being injured and one death reported. It was of magnitude 4.7 and centered at Thothal Mirpur at the depth of 10 km.

title: 2019 Kashmir earthquake


text:
User:Coloinis

Religious Believes
The Realism people believe that everyday a planet is turned inside out by the moon god. The realism people believe this with all their heart. They believe that once you die you turn into a rock floating in space. Also every 27few secondsminutes a person who has become a rock turns into a planet. They lookbelieve atthat athe sun asand ifall itthe wherestars ancame insideto outbe when a planet gets turned inside out. The Lizard God (Zip) loves to eat the moon. OnceThey aponbelieve athat timearound 1 Billion years ago everything was the moon. ”There was nothing, but the moon.” The universe only came into existence when the moon god began to eat the moon. Once he ate enough of the moon he gained powers beyond comprehension. With the power atof the moon at his disposal he created the mighty ostrich. He made one and named it Helpin. He made one more slightly different and named it Helpine. Because Helpin was the first mortal being in the universe it had some powers of its own. With its power it made an image of itself and created the penguin. The first ostrichthing populatedthat ever died in the darknessuniverse was a penguin. Once it died Helpin grieved its death and used all its power to make nothing like this to ever happen again. He made it so once something died it would turn into a rock. He felt like a rock would not be the best thing to remember his creation by, so he made it so a chosen rock would turn into a planet every withfew penguinsminutes.

Why Birds are Robot Birds
There are many more reasons why the Realism
 * When they sit on power lines they recharge
 * The only real birds are penguins, ostriches.

Believes of the Government
The realism people believe many different things when it comes to the government. There are more ratical realism. Realism people who believe that the government is always watching and attempting to control our every move. Less ratical realism people believe that the government is here to help us get good education and give order to country.

title: User:Coloinis


text:
Gustavo Ribeiro

Gustavo Pereira Ribeiro (born 27 March 2001) is a Portuguese professional skateboarder. He won the bronze medal at the 2019 World Skateboarding Championship on street skateboarding and won the Street League Skateboarding super crown in 2022.

Early life
Ribeiro got his first skateboard at the age of four as his uncle's Christmas gift. Two years later, he got sponsored by Bana, a local surf & skate shop, along with his twin brother, Gabriel Ribeiro. Days later, they competed at Bana's local competition and both finished in the top three, with Gabriel winning the contest and Gustavo placing third, in their first ever competition. The brothers kept pushing each other and did a family trip to Switzerland to compete in their first ever international competition. Gabriel won the competition, and Gustavo placed third. Since then they started competing and dedicating themselves to the sport. At only 14 years old, he started travelling alone to international competitions.

Career
On 12 November 2017, he won Tampa Am, one of the biggest worldwide amateur competitions in street skateboarding, that serves as an introduction of new talented skaters in the skateboarding scene. The competition is ranked below the famous competition Tampa Pro.

In May 2021, he suffered a shoulder dislocation and missed the 2021 World Championships in Rome, Italy.

After almost two months of recovery he represented Portugal at the men's street competition of the 2020 Summer Olympics. During the qualification round he suffered from shoulder pain and finished last on the final round, getting a debut 8th place and an olympic diploma.

On 28 August 2021, he got his first ever win in a SLS competition, winning the first out of three stops of the SLS Men's Championship Tour in Salt Lake City, United States. This was his first competition after his full recovery from an eventual shoulder surgery after his recurrent shoulder injuries.

Personal life
His twin brother, Gabriel Ribeiro is an amateur skateboarder with hopes of following Gustavo's steps. Their father Paulo Ribeiro is currently their coach.

In 2019, he paused his secondary school studies to become a full time professional skateboarder.

His skateboarding idols are Nyjah Huston and Shane O'Neill. His sports idol is Portuguese football player Cristiano Ronaldo.

title: Gustavo Ribeiro


text:
User:Greengecko

About Me
I am based in Buffalo City, Eastern Cape, South Africa. I studied at the Potchefstroom University, now North West University. I am a registered Town and Regional Planner, with a very wide field of interest. I hope to be contributing to the pages of the local area, and the Town (Urban) and Regional Planning pages.

title: User:Greengecko


text:
Talk:Doreen Hamilton

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111111084953/http://gov.sk.ca/news?newsId=27bd920a-c8ce-4496-bf3b-22e131d2aab5 to http://www.gov.sk.ca/news?newsId=27bd920a-c8ce-4496-bf3b-22e131d2aab5

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 21:27, 15 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Doreen Hamilton


text:
2012–13 Club León season

The 2012–13 León season was the 66th professional season of Mexico's top-flight football league. The season is split into two tournaments—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each with identical formats and each contested by the same eighteen teams. Tijuana began their season on July 21, 2012 against Querétaro, León played their most home games on Saturday at 8:06pm local time. This was León first season in Mexican top-flight league since the Verano 2002 after defeating Correcaminos UAT in the promotion final. León qualified third to the final phase and was eliminated by Tijuana in the semi-finals, León did not qualify to the final phase in the Clausura tournament.

Final phase
León advanced 4–2 on aggregate

Tijuana advanced 3–2 on aggregate

Regular season
Source:

Clausura 2013 results
León did not qualify to the Final Phase

First stage
Iquique advanced on penalties.

title: 2012–13 Club León season


text:
volym

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) volume - any of:
 * 2) a single book of a publication issued in multi-book format
 * 3) a unit of three dimensional measure
 * 4) strength of a sound
 * 5) an issue of a periodical

title: volym


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Lady Frances Brudenell

Lady Frances Brudenell (before 1677 – 23 February 1735/36), Countess of Newburgh, was an Irish aristocrat known as the subject of a satire in which she was portrayed as the leader of a society of lesbians.

She was the daughter of Francis Brudenell, Lord Brudenell and Lady Frances Savile. She married twice, first to Charles Livingston, 2nd Earl of Newburgh (1692–1694, becoming Countess of Newburgh), then to Richard Bellew, 3rd Baron Bellew of Duleek (1695–1715, becoming Baroness Bellew of Duleek).

She was also rumoured to have had an unrecognised marriage to Sir Thomas Smyth.

Lady Frances was the subject (under the pseudonym "Myra") of a series of love poems published by George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne from 1712.

She was the subject of a debt action brought by an Oxford don, William King (nephew of Sir Thomas Smyth), who alleged she owed him several thousand pounds. He lost the case and in revenge, in 1732, wrote a satire against her, entitled "The Toast", which portrayed her as a promiscuous bisexual witch and lesbian named "Myra", and alleged that she ruled "a social circle of tribades in Dublin", her primary lover being Lady Margaret Allen. It is notable for an early use of the word lesbian in the modern sense.

She had several children including a daughter, Charlotte Maria Livingston (1694–1755), and a son, John Bellew, 4th Baron Bellew of Duleek (1702–1770).

She died on 23 February 1735/36 in Dublin, Ireland, and was buried in St. Audoen's Church, Dublin.

title: Lady Frances Brudenell


text:
GENtle/FAQ

FAQ - frequently asked questions.

 * Q: This manual sucks! And I want one in my language! What can I do?
 * A: It's a wiki! You can edit any page and improve the manual yourself. You can even start and maintain a new translation (contact the programmer through this page).

 * Q: Why does GENtle try to connect to the internet all the time?
 * A: An internet connection is mandatory for BLAST- and ReBase-searches, as well as for the online tools.
 * A: At the beginning of each GENtle session, a check for possible updates takes place, which also requires an internet connection. This can be turned off in the Tools/Options menu.

 * Q: Why can't I perform a BLAST search for the amino acids coded by the selected DNA sequence?
 * Q: Why can't I extract amino acids from the selected DNA sequence?
 * A: A reading frame must be selected.

 * Q: There's a problem with multiple users using GENtle on my Windows machine.
 * A: You might have to allow write access to "local.db" in the GENtle directory for all users involved.
 * A: You can turn off the "registry settings bug" via Tools/Options/Register protocols and extensions on startup

 * Q: New updates download, but don't install.
 * A: You need write access to the GENtle program directory. Alternatively, ask your friendly administrator to download the latest version of GENtle here and install it for you. Remind him that he'll have to do this every few weeks, which might convince him to give you write access...

 * Q: I found a bug! And I want new functions as well! Can my favourite protease/marker/restriction enzyme be in the default installation? Where can I donate huge amounts of money for a poor programmer?
 * A: Add a bug report or a feature request right here in the wiki, or contact the author of GENtle through the GENtle site.

New proteases to add!

How? See here for a more detailed description.
 * 1) Open any DNA or amino acid sequence
 * 2) Double-click the sequence
 * 3) Go to "Proteases"
 * 4) Click on "New protease"
 * 5) Enter name and sequence (one of the following)
 * PreScission:L,E,V,L,F,Q|G,P

title: GENtle/FAQ


text:
tessere

Etymology 1
From, from , either from or from , both from.

Verb

 * 1) to weave
 * 2) to plot (an intrigue, a machination)

title: tessere


text:
User:Grindingteeth

Gone forever. Grindingteeth 23:15, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

Sort of. Grindingteeth 01:33, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

So basically never mind that little bit of drama. Grindingteeth 02:42, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

title: User:Grindingteeth


text:
Puerto María Manteca

Puerto María Manteca is a settlement in Mirití-Paraná Municipality, Amazonas Department Department in Colombia.

Climate
Puerto María Manteca has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.

title: Puerto María Manteca


text:
Treason Act 1842

The Treason Act 1842 (5 & 6 Vict. c. 51) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was passed early in the reign of Queen Victoria. The most recent person to be convicted under the Act was Jaswant Singh Chail, on 3 February 2023, and he was sentenced to nine years in prison on 5 October 2023. He was the first person in more than 40 years to be convicted under the act.

Background
On 29 May 1842, Victoria was riding in a carriage along The Mall, London, when John Francis, described by Victoria's husband Prince Albert as a "little, swarthy, ill-looking rascal ... of the age of twenty-six to thirty, with a shabby hat and of dirty appearance", aimed a pistol at her but did not fire. The following day, Victoria drove the same route, though faster and with a greater escort, in a deliberate attempt to provoke Francis to take a second aim and catch him in the act. As expected, Francis shot at her, but he was seized by plain clothes policemen, tried, and convicted of high treason. Francis's death sentence was commuted to transportation for life on 1 July. Two days later, in a similar attack, John William Bean fired a pistol at the Queen, but it was loaded only with paper and tobacco.

Edward Oxford, who had shot at Victoria in 1840, felt that the attempts were encouraged by his acquittal on the grounds of insanity two years before. Bean's assault, though physically harmless, was still punishable by death. Feeling that such a penalty was too harsh, Albert encouraged Parliament to pass a law recognising lesser crimes against the monarch, such as intent to alarm. Bean was sentenced to 18 months in gaol.

Section 1
In 19th century Britain, treason had its own special rules of evidence and procedure, which made it difficult to prosecute traitors successfully, such as the requirement that the prosecution produce two witnesses to the same overt act, or that three judges preside at the trial (see Treason Act 1695 for details). The Treason Act 1800 relaxed these rules in relation to attempts on the King's life, bringing the rules in such cases in line with the less restrictive rules which then existed in ordinary murder cases. Section 1 of the 1842 Act went further, removing the special rules in all cases of treason involving any attempt to wound or maim the monarch.

This section was repealed on 15 June 1945 by the Treason Act 1945. This repeal was consequential on the extension of the ordinary rules of evidence and procedure to all forms of treason by section 1 of that Act.

Section 2
This section is still in force. It created a new offence (less serious than treason, "a high misdemeanour") of assaulting the monarch, or of having a firearm or offensive weapon in his presence with intent to injure or alarm him or to cause a breach of the peace. The maximum sentence is seven years.

In 1981, Marcus Sarjeant was sentenced to five years on pleading guilty to firing blank shots at Queen Elizabeth II when she was on parade. The previous use of this Section was in 1966, when John Francis Morgan was convicted for throwing a concrete block out of a building onto the Queen's car during a royal visit to Belfast.

On 2 August 2022, Jaswant Singh Chail was charged with offences under section 2 of the Treason Act 1842. He had been arrested in the grounds of Windsor Castle with a loaded crossbow on 25 December 2021; he was charged with "discharging or aiming firearms, or throwing or using any offensive matter or weapon, with intent to injure or alarm Her Majesty". He pleaded guilty to that and other offences on 3 February 2023 at the Old Bailey. On 5 October he was sentenced to nine years, plus five years on extended licence; of the nine years' imprisonment, 44 months related to the charge under this section, the remainder being for having an offensive weapon contrary to section 1 of the Prevention of Crime Act 1953 and making threats to kill, contrary to section 16 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861.

Sentence
Today, a person convicted of an offence under this section is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years. Originally, an attempt to assault or alarm the monarch was made punishable by flogging and up to seven years' imprisonment. No-one who violated the act was ever flogged.

Relevant cases

 * R v. Francis (1842) 4 State Tr N.S. 1376
 * R v. Bean (1842) 4 State Tr N.S. 1382
 * R v. Hamilton (1849) 7 State Tr N.S. 1130
 * Pate's Case (1850) 8 State Tr N.S. 1

Section 3
This section is also still in force, and provides that section 2 does not affect the penalty for treason. However, although under the Treason Act 1795 many kinds of assault on the monarch were treason, that Act was repealed in 1998. Under the present law, in Great Britain it is now only treason to "compass or imagine" the monarch's death. Consequently, assaulting the monarch is only treason if it proves that state of mind.

In Northern Ireland intending or causing "any bodily harm" to the King remains treason under the Treason Act (Ireland) 1537.

title: Treason Act 1842


text:
Shylet Moyo

Brigadier-General Shylet Moyo is an officer of the Zimbabwe National Army.

Shylet Moyo was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in 2013. Moyo became the first woman to be promoted to the rank of general officer or air officer in the Zimbabwe Defence Forces (Ellen Chiweshe became the first female air commodore in January 2016). Moyo's brigadier-general rank was conferred in a ceremony presided over by Lieutenant-General Philip Valerio Sibanda, commander of the Zimbabwe National Army.

title: Shylet Moyo


text:
narancs

Etymology
From early, from , from , from , from , of uncertain origin.

Noun

 * 1) orange (fruit)
 * 2) orange (colour)

title: narancs


text:
Portal talk:Research

New versions of the Research Portal
If you want to experiment with a radical new version of Portal:Research you can work at Portal:Researchnew.

 * Thanks for the above comment. I looked and it seemed very similar :-) --McCormack 11:56, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

 * For the clueless: Portal:Researchnew started as an exact copy of the Portal:Research. It is an available workspace for planning new content for this portal. --JWSchmidt 15:38, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

If you update featured content on this portal, make sure that you update Portal:Research/Featured. --JWSchmidt 14:41, 27 January 2007

I just made this comment on the Researchnew portal, I just noticed that the graph of the number of pages online at Wikiversity only encompasses a page count before December 2006. Shouldn't a new version be availible? --Sgutkind 21:54, 14 April 2007 (UTC)
 * These are not very good graphs. Here is the most recent info from stats.wikimedia.org:

--JWSchmidt 22:12, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

Research tasks
I was coming here to add participation at http://galaxyzoo.org/ to the list of "Research tasks", but I don't see any such list. Should we add one to the new design?--Rayc 01:25, 2 September 2007 (UTC)

Harvard Liberal Arts Faculty Votes to Distribute Research Free
Harvard Liberal Arts Faculty Votes to Distribute Research Free .. sort of interesting item related to research. Would there be a better place to put items like these? --Remi 09:59, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Proposals
There should be a process to get research topics approved by peers. This would allow for better organization of research and collaboration among users researchers. Proposals are often used to get funding for research, Wikiversity should use proposals to get pages made for research. This will eliminate all bogus research and increase the credibility of the research. Wbeadle3 17:26, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * See this page at beta Wikiversity and Review board. --JWSchmidt 01:42, 8 September 2010 (UTC)

Wiki Research could be Sold for Fundraising
Current fundraising needs beg a saleable product of value in the free-market. Under US tax laws, the only items allowed to be sold are those created with volunteer labor. Principally within wikimedia projects, the work product of volunteer labor is information, yet the purpose of these resources is to be free for all (nmtp). A potential source of fundraising income is available in Custom Research Projects which might be commissioned by parties in exchange for a donation. Although granted, the majority of work products within the Wiki family will be freely available to the public, the result of the collaborative efforts in this venue are eventually to be Research Reports which could be produced according to contracted specifications and for the purpose of supporting the foundation. These should be freely available but could also be the property of the comissioning donor. --Gustable 20:37, 17 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Not a bad idea, though I know little about the details. The Jade Knight 07:10, 25 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I live this idea but how will funds be distributed? Wbeadle3

Radical new version (April 2008)
General ideas of the new version: (1) update antiquated references, (2) improve visual appear, (3) improve ergonomy, (4) improve overview of and access to content (category tree system), (5) incorporate some dynamic rotating content (features, quotes), (6) visually connect the portal into the other five top-level "resources by level" portals. --McCormack 14:40, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

For the moment I have left out the content of Portal:Research/Research news and Portal:Research/Did you know. If someone reckons this content needs adding, it's still there on the subpages. At the moment this page seems a little overloading, so some trimming seemed in order. --McCormack 11:56, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

I have combined the following pages under the heading of "research administration" to try and simplify things a little: Portal:Research/WikiProjects, Portal:Research/Categories, Portal:Research/Selected biography. In the future it might be a good idea to actually consolidate the content of these pages into something more digestible for a new researcher trying to get to grips with what can and cannot be done at Wikiversity. Incidentally, the selected biography page had nothing to do with biographies! --McCormack 12:14, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

Archive of older content
To access old content (i.e. pre-radical revision), you can use the page history, or alternatively the redundant subpages listed above. The subpages have mostly been left alone - i.e. quite a bit of "productive forking" has been done. Other subpages have simply been incorporated intact into the new design. --McCormack 12:37, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

Categories
Category:Research needs a thorough tidy-up. One useful recategorisation that could be performed is changing the category to Category:Research project for specific projects. -- Jtneill - Talk 15:55, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

research initiative
Before there was a WikiMedia project (Wikiversity) that was open to original research, wiki participants with an interest in doing research on wikis congregated at the Meta wiki. It would make sense to bring those folks to Wikiversity. --JWSchmidt 15:26, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

How to display and coordinate researches

 * 1) The hierarchical WV file organization, including Portal, School, Project, Topic, Category, etc., is far more complex than the simple WP one, perhaps too complex for simpletons like me, hence a great barrier to maximal process and progress in concert.
 * "far more complex than the simple WP one" <-- Not correct. The only significant difference is that Wikiversity has the topic and school namespaces for content development projects. Wikiversity participants have created many topic and school pages because there is a large amount of content development work that needs to be organized at Wikiversity. "a great barrier to maximal process and progress" <-- KYPark, please explain how organizing content development projects in the topic and school namespaces is a barrier to "process and progress". --JWSchmidt 14:02, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
 * To be or not to be "correct" That is not the question. For I'm supposed to be invited to the brainstorming, hence have to feel so free that even simpletons and newbies should rarely be upset, opposed, discouraged, shamed or blamed for their folly, but just welcome to talk anything hopefully good, in good faith. Obviously I mistook Project as a namespace. Should you or anyone take that so seriously here, JWS? The guest here should speak of her opinion rather than interfere with others disruptively. The hostess should take whatever is good and just ignore the rest. Pretentious, few would come to help her. She must behave like a business girl, as it were! The "content development' is any wiki's business. What exactly do you mean by that? You may be too clever to understand how complicated or confused the hierarchical organization of WV looks to me as a simpleton as I confessed. Should Topic and School not be structural or complicated at all, Category would be just as good as Topic and School, which thus look so redundant as to obstruct the process and progress! -- KYPark [T] 01:29, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) * "Should you or anyone take that so seriously here, JWS?" <-- KYPark, I don't know what you mean by "that". If you mean the claim that Wikiversity has a namespace organization "far more complex" than that of Wikipedia, then I take such claims seriously and I provided links to a page that explains how the topic and school namespaces can help organize content development efforts. If you follow those two links then you can find additional links to a page that explains what is meant by "content development". "What exactly do you mean by that?" <-- I mean people editing collaboratively to develop learning resources. I'm not surprised when people are confused about the school and topic namespaces. It would be useful if those namespaces and content development were mentioned on the main page since 99.9999% of Wikiversity remains to be developed. "Should you or anyone take that so seriously here, JWS?" <-- KYPark, if by "that" you mean confusion about multiple ways to use the word "project", including the project namespace, then I take seriously the danger that people can be confused when a word is used in several ways. There are many kinds of projects at Wikiversity. At Wikipedia, content development projects are called "WikiProjects". Is that any less confusing than making use of the school and topic namespaces to organize "content development projects"? KYPark, you say, "Category would be just as good as Topic and School", but when Wikiversity started it was organized around schools and a decision was made to create the school and topic namespaces rather than just try to make use of categories like "Directories of content development projects" and "Content development projects". That was a decision similar to deciding to drive on the right or left side of a road. Is it really worth arguing about the benefits from driving on one side of the road or the other? --JWSchmidt 07:08, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * 2) ** By "that" I mean the fact that I mistook Project for a namespace so that neither of your understandings is relevant, I'm afraid. -- KYPark [T] 08:21, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * 3) ** I'm not really arguing for the abolition of School and Topic namespaces, but pointing out the complication thereby which might be hinder the novice editor in particular from organizing resources easily and freely. Anyone may take this opportunity to review them in this perspective, which is also a self-referential research in kind! -- KYPark [T] 08:21, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * "hinder the novice editor in particular from organizing resources" <-- KYPark, what do you mean by "the novice editor"? A "novice editor" who has not participated in collaborative development of learning resources? A "novice editor" who arrives from Wikipedia and cannot be bothered to learn what is different between Wikipedia and Wikiversity? A "novice editor" who feels free to delete and disrupt the work of Wikiversity community members without first helping to create any learning resources? Such editors are hindered by much more than the existence of the school and topic namespaces. I'm highly skeptical about the ability of any novice editor to be "organizing resources" when they have never demonstrated any understanding of what Wikiversity is or how learning resources are collaboratively developed. KYPark, in exactly what sense is "organizing resources" a job for "novice editors"? --JWSchmidt 14:17, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * JWSchmidt, your argument against novice editors sounds too challenging for me. Sooner or later, however, I may try to address it very carefully perhaps at (under construction). Meanwhile, knowing is one thing, teaching is another, editing is still another, and so on. A novice editor is not always a novice of learning. Most elders of high literacy in scholarship suffer high illiteracy in computing. To use that literacy is to ease that illiteracy as far as possible, by easing computing. Such would be the case with simpletons and newbies. The easiest is editing on the main namespace, regardless of School, Topic, and the like, which others would better bother from the file-organizational perspective. This would be a maximal collaboration by division of work as per varied capacity or competence. You'd better not long for Leibnizean talents or polymaths. Or, you'd suffer from the absolute manpower shortage. Never forget WV is far less popular than WP anyway. (BTW, note that your comment beginning with ":" would destroy my numbering beginning with "#". Thanks.) -- KYPark [T] 02:21, 8 September 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) We may better not isolate information searching, understanding, learning, researching, and teaching from one another, but integrate all into the same thread while highlighting the point of intensive research required. (Alternatively, a link to the research page may be added to the headline of the other relevant pages.)
 * "integrate all into the same thread" <-- If you are not interested in the research portal then move on. You are free to "integrate all" on some other page if you want to do so. The research portal is simply a directory for Wikiversity research. If you have no interest in the page then you need never visit it. --JWSchmidt 14:02, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Your advice is not welcome at all, for again this is brainstorming. You just take whatever good there is if any fortunately. JWS, you'd better talk about your opinion to the headline invitation than such opposition to others that is just improper, if not uncivil, unreasonable or unseasonable on this occasion. -- KYPark [T] 01:29, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) It would be very hard to describe or prescribe a research agenda from scratch as well as an information search query from the "anomalous state of knowledge" (ASK) as pointed out by Nicholas J. Belkin of the UCL school of, so to speak, uncertain legacy, say, hypo-text.
 * 2) An ambitious goal setting or seeking would be implausible at first. Another way of reading the intra- or inter-text, hypo-text or subtext should also be taken seriously as sort of research.
 * 3) Editors would better write up to show up their research competence or qualification on the user page. The red link to it is a shame.
 * "The red link to it is a shame" <-- What red link? --JWSchmidt 14:02, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I meant what I said. -- KYPark [T] 01:29, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) The research coordinator should do their best.

-- KYPark [T] 13:08, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * "far more complex than the simple WP one" <-- Not correct. The only significant difference is that Wikiversity has the topic and school namespaces for content development projects. Wikiversity participants have created many topic and school pages because there is a large amount of content development work that needs to be organized at Wikiversity. "a great barrier to maximal process and progress" <-- KYPark, please explain how organizing content development projects in the topic and school namespaces is a barrier to "process and progress". "integrate all into the same thread" <-- If you are not interested in the research portal then move on. You are free to "integrate all" on some other page if you want to do so. The research portal is simply a directory for Wikiversity research. If you have no interest in the page then you need never visit it. "The red link to it is a shame" <-- What red link? --JWSchmidt 14:02, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

 * As a devoted contextualist, I dislike you drawing the points at issue out of context, as I elsewhere complained and asked for your cooperation or adaptation to my texture. (As a Darwinist you'd know how vital it is.) So I have to post each point back or close to the context, as above.  -- KYPark [T] 01:29, 7 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm proud to have participated in this brainstorming alone so far, whether wisely or foolishly. -- KYPark [T] 02:10, 7 September 2010 (UTC)

by not just roughly doing but toughly
 * My contextualist information strategy
 * search and research of information
 * reference thereto and inference therefrom
 * teaching and learning
 * linking and sinking

the relevant, in context in concert or in consilience, hence the names
 * hypertext and hypotext, respectively!
 * Note
 * The file organization, if too complicated, may become a curse rather than a blessing. For simple is beautiful! And it appears self-manifest why and how the relevant be well coordinated within and without research projects.

-- KYPark [T] 03:52, 7 September 2010 (UTC)

Ah! As far as hyperlinking is concerned, see Category:Linda Smith 1980 and its edit box to find how easily the relevant are bilaterally linked. See also User:KYPark/Hi Ottava Rima/Colloquium and the other relevant here and there!

-- KYPark [T] 04:24, 7 September 2010 (UTC)

Wiki Research Ideas
Hello: I'm starting to collect ideas from a long thread from September 2012 in the wiki-research-l list, in which many different proposals related to Open Access Journals and the "wiki way" of doing research were circulated. I will start adding content to Wiki Research Ideas, please feel free to join me! Arided (talk) 13:04, 20 September 2012 (UTC)

title: Portal talk:Research


text:
Talk:Barnfield Mills

External links modified
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title: Talk:Barnfield Mills


text:
Heidi Lee Morgan

Heidi Lee Morgan (born June 29, 1967) is a retired American professional wrestler who competed in the World Wrestling Federation, International World Class Championship Wrestling, Ladies Pro Wrestling Association, and National Wrestling Federation. She was also a member of the wrestling stable Team America.

Professional wrestling career
Morgan began her career at the age of ten, under the name Daisy Mae, as the valet for her father Les Morgan. Several years later, Morgan pursued a career as a bodybuilder and was approached at an exhibition by Vince McMahon about a wrestling career. After deciding to join the family business, she was trained by The Fabulous Moolah, Johnny Rodz and Wolfgang Von Heller. After working on the independent circuit in North and South Carolina, she joined the National Wrestling Federation. As part of the Federation, Morgan feuded with Wendi Richter. She battled Richter, the NWF Women's Champion, in a first ever women's steel cage match in May 1987.

Morgan later held the LPWA Tag Team Championship with Misty Blue Simmes and the WWWA Ladies Championship during her career.

On December 13, 1993, at WWF All American Wrestling, Morgan challenged Alundra Blayze in the tournament finals for the vacant WWF Women's Championship, however, was unsuccessful.

After giving birth to her daughter, Morgan wanted to revive her wrestling career in 1997, but she broke her back in her first match back in the ring. She attempted an aerial maneuver, but she and her opponent lost their balance, which resulted in the break.

Personal life
Morgan married a man named Archie and had a daughter named Adrianna.

Her family owns a professional wrestling school called Ringmasters Wrestling School.

Championships and accomplishments

 * Ladies Professional Wrestling Association
 * LPWA Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Misty Blue Simmes
 * International World Class Championship Wrestling
 * IWCCW Women's Championship (1 time)
 * Virginia Wrestling Association
 * VWA Women's Championship (2 times)
 * Women's Wrestling Hall of Fame
 * Class of 2024
 * World Wide Wrestling Alliance
 * WWWA Woman's Championship (2 times, first)

title: Heidi Lee Morgan


text:
Talk:OpenHospital

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: http://sourceforge.net/projects/openhospital/. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, and according to fair use may copy sentences and phrases, provided they are included in quotation marks and referenced properly. The material may also be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Therefore such paraphrased portions must provide their source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Justlettersandnumbers (talk) 14:08, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:OpenHospital


text:
United States Government/The Judicial Branch-Criticism/Does the judicial branch upset the principle of checks and balances?

The Judicial Branch of the United States has the de facto role of evaluating both the legislative and executive branches of the United States Federal government. Laws which are passed by the legislative branch can be declared null and void by the Supreme Court, and the actions of a sitting president can be called into question by the judicial and legislative branches.

However, there is neither a formal nor informal check on the power of the judicial branch itself; decisions made by the Supreme Court are final and can only be overturned or modified by future Supreme Court justices and the principle of precedence. As such, it can be argued that the judicial branch can potentially operate contrary to or without the mandate of the electorate.

United States Supreme Court Justices are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. In theory, this procedure allows both the executive and legislative branches to have some power over the judiciary and thus "check" the judicial branch's power. However, following confirmation by the Senate, all Supreme Court justices hold office for life unless they are impeached or they voluntarily retire.

The principle of checks and balances allows branches of government to be "isolated from each other so that no branch has total power over all functions of government...an attack on or abuse of power by individuals of a single branch will not lead to tyranny or the fall of the entire government." The judicial branch, however, holds the potential to nullify laws approved by the legislative branch, disregard the executive branch, and, in essence, control the rule of law in the United States in accordance to the opinions of its sitting justices.

While there have not been any historically prominent abuses, the United States has had a history of irregular and even hypocritical laws as justices rotate and the political atmosphere of the country changes.

There are several checks on the powers of the Judicial branch. First, they can only pronounce on those cases brought before them. Judges cannot make law. They can only interpret laws, treaties and the constitutions of the states and the United States. If Congress feels that a law has been misinterpreted, they can pass laws to clarify their meaning as has been done many times before. If enough people feel that the Constitution is wrong, it too can be amended as it has been 27 times to date. Judges are subject to impeachment and removal by the Congress, and Congress may, by law, establish how the courts operate and within some constitutional limits, Congress may decide which cases are heard by which courts and how large courts are.

Some people have proposed that judges be elected or their ruling subject to overrule. Elected judges are not independent. They will rule based on what is popular, rather than what the laws provide. Many rights that we now take for granted were once restricted based on majorities. Inter-racial marriage, restrictions on speech, and even a woman's right to work were once restricted based on popularly supported laws. An independent judge can make the tough decisions that an elected judge would be afraid to make.

In The Federalist No. 78, Alexander Hamilton wrote: "The standard of good behavior for the continuance in office of the judicial magistracy, is certainly one of the most valuable of the modern improvements in the practice of government. In a monarchy it is an excellent barrier to the despotism of the prince; in a republic it is a no less excellent barrier to the encroachments and oppressions of the representative body. And it is the best expedient which can be devised in any government, to secure a steady, upright, and impartial administration of the laws."

Hamilton goes on to quote from Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws Vol. 1 that "there is no liberty, if the power of judging be not separated from the legislative and executive powers."

 * Insert examples
 * Insert links supporting/developing current controversies in the United States re: President Bush's potential nominations, Senator Arlen Spector and the abortion issue, etc.


text:
1976 in Thailand

The year 1976 was the 195th year of the Rattanakosin Kingdom of Thailand. It was the 31st year in the reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), and is reckoned as year 2519 in the Buddhist Era. It is most significantly marked by the Thammasat University massacre on 6 October, which brought an end to a three-year period of civilian rule.

Incumbents

 * King: Bhumibol Adulyadej
 * Crown Prince: Vajiralongkorn
 * Prime Minister:
 * until 20 April: Kukrit Pramoj
 * 20 April – 6 October: Seni Pramoj
 * 6 October - 8 October: National Administrative Reform Council (junta)
 * starting 8 October: Thanin Kraivichien
 * Supreme Patriarch: Ariyavangsagatayana VII

title: 1976 in Thailand


text:
Almaz (Belarus)

Almaz Special Anti-Terrorism Unit (SPBT Almaz) (Специальное подразделение по борьбе с терроризмом «Алмаз» (СПБТ «Алмаз»)) is an anti-terrorist special unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus.

History
The special-purpose detachment of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic "Berkut" was created on January 2, 1991 in accordance with the order of the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs of December 14, 1990. This was the first special unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the territory of the republic. Initially, the "Berkut" detachment was subordinate to the Department for Execution of Punishments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the BSSR.

The first commander of the unit was the militia captain Uladzimir Navumau, then the commander of a patrol company.

In 1994, the commander of the "Berkut" Naumov put forward an initiative to reorganize and rename the special forces. In the fall of 1994, the unit was transformed into a special unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus with subordination to the minister personally and received a new name - "Almaz". The unit was assigned new tasks, including participation in the fight against organized criminal groups, the detention of especially dangerous and armed criminals.

In the first 15 years of its existence, SPBT Almaz was involved in combat missions 6383 times; conducted 4161 combat and special operations; freed 106 hostages; stopped a number of terrorist acts; detained 4559 criminals who committed grave and especially grave crimes; seized and defused 2,932 explosive devices; seized 464 units of firearms and 24386 pcs. ammunition, as well as 119,136 kg of drugs.

Tasks
The main tasks of the unit during this period were:

 * hostage rescue;
 * detention of armed criminals;
 * riot control in detention facilities.

title: Almaz (Belarus)


text:
Filmmaking Basics/3D Storyboard/FrameForge:Kinsuji

A 3D Storyboard from FrameForge 3D Studio

 * Here is the first draft of the 3D storyboard by User:Kinsuji.

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" 2D Thumbnail Storyboard
 * style="width:50%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid Gold; background-color: LightYellow;" rowspan="1"|

Thumbnail Storyboard by Kinsuji
The Young Person and Old Person stand looking at the movie poster outside the theater.

Slow piano music starts. We dolly slow as the beats begin.

We go round with beat gone and only piano playing.

Some orchestra added.

 * style="padding:0em 0.5em 0em 0.5em;" |

3D Storyboard
 * style="width:50%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#f1f5fc;" |

 * }

{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="background-color: #ffd0bb; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 60px;" colspan="2" |   [[Image:Note.svg|64px]]Under Construction
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #fff8c0; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" |
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #fff8c0; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" |

Thumbnail Storyboard by Kinsuji
The Young Person and Old Person stand looking at the movie poster outside the theater.

Slow piano music starts. We dolly slow as the beats begin.

We go round with beat gone and only piano playing.

Some orchestra added.

We see curious young man and the wise old man. They are looking at the poster.

Young man notices a old man besides him. He looks happy with that. He is anxious to ask old man something. Violin goes with beat.

YOUNG PERSON : That was a great movie... Young person attracts old man’s attention and they turn face to face. Cut to side view.

YOUNG PERSON (cont.) : but I don’t understand one thing. The old person looks interested. OLD PERSON (softly) : What's that?

Slow piano music

Young man looks uncomfortable to ask stranger such a question, but he is too curious. YOUNG PERSON: I don’t understand how anyone can be seduced by the dark side.

CU to old person. Old person thinks for a minute, looks happy with the question Piano with windpipes and violins. Merry music becomes darker.

OLD PERSON (removing his glasses): What computer do you use at home?

YOUNG PERSON (immediate, eagerly respond) : A Macintosh! A Macintosh! All music becomes glitchy, very unusual. Computer generated like.

Old person looks happy about the answer and asks further question warmer voice. OLD PERSON: And what computer does your father use at work?

Camera lays low to the young person. He thinks a few moments. Music relaxes. Piano.

Suddenly young person smiles in amazement. With the beat start. YOUNG PERSON (exclaims loudly) : Seduced by the dark side!!!

Young person looks happy into the old person. He understood and learned an important lesson.

Old person smiles too. He knows...

They shake hands in front of poster who “made” them friends for a lifetime.

Music becomes very entertaining. Moving. We look at the scene until our heroes disappear from the screen.

We come back to the poster on the wall. It waits for new people to make them happy. Star wars theme mixes with our movie theme.

 FADE TO BLACK The End

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #e0e0ff; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" |
 * }


text:
Talk:Donna Jean Godchaux

Move
what is the reason that this page is named "Donna Godchaux" and not "Donna Jean Godchaux". the title is missing half of her first name.--GURT 22:16, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed, the page should be moved. I've tagged it for now and will request it be moved if there are no objections. Strobilus (talk) 00:15, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

I have not seen any objections to the move. You should proceed, if able. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:29, 10 January 2008 (UTC)

Name?
Why does the article say her name is "Donna Jean (Thatcher) Godchaux-Mackay" when she still uses just the last name "Godchaux" without the hyphenated "-Mackay"? She did remarry a man named David Mackay after Keith Godchaux died, but it looks like she kept her previous name. Timothy Horrigan (talk) 17:25, 1 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I believe that for a while she was calling herself Donna Jean Godchaux-Mackay. Also, per WP:MOSBIO, "the subject's full name should be given in the lead paragraph, if known." With that being said, I'm not sure what her "real" full name is.  — Mudwater (Talk) 18:07, 1 August 2009 (UTC)

Why the history suppression?
I have a bone to pick, but not necessarily with any of you other contributors, since what I'm about to write is not in any history books (as far as I know), and thus you may be unaware of it. The biographical section reads:

"Shortly after her husband's death in 1980, Donna Jean turned to religion.[4] She married bassist David MacKay (former Fiddleworms member and bassist for Donna Jean Godchaux Band) and the couple moved to Florence, Alabama to work at the Muscle Shoals Sound Studios."

Yes and no. For one thing, it's too vague: "religion" can mean anything from Christianity to Zen to Scientology, ad infinitum. Secondly, it blanks out aprox. 15 years of her life. Dave and Donna didn't move to Alabama until 1995 or '96. Another blanked out thing from this period is a rather excellent record she made with her new band (also unmentioned).

But since Donna's own site leaves this entire period blank, I'm not surprised that it's blank on this page. So here's the rest of the story:

I'm a Marin County-raised Deadhead, who at age 17 in 1980, converted not to "religion" in general, but to Pentecostal Christianity in an Assemblies of God church in Novato, CA. The church name was Marin Christian Life Church (MCLC) and the pastor was a man with a dynamic, mesmerizing personality, Roger V. Houtsma. A few months after joining the church, a seasoned keyboardist, James Trumbo (who had played with Van Morrison, etc.) joined. Then came his old friend, Dave MacKay. On the New Years' Eve church service (1980-81) I was treated to a real shocker. Donna Jean Godchaux got on stage and gave her "testimony," which basically went thus: "I'd tried everything; I tried doing drugs, I tried NOT doing drugs, I tried this and that, but I was always empty. Then my husband was killed and Jesus finally reached me." I used to see Donna on stage in Winterland and now she was part of my church! Pretty cool for a 17-year-old Deadhead convert!

James, David and Donna all joined MCLC and enrolled in the church's Marin Bible College. Shortly thereafter the three formed a band named "Zoe" (Greek for "Life") (not to be confused with the Contemporary Christian music group "Zoe Girl"). The lineup was: James Trumbo keyboards and vocals; Dave MacKay bass, guitar and vocals; and Donna Jean vocals. It was also around this time (give or take a few months) that Dave and Donna were married. In 1983, Zoe released an album (LP and cassette) titled "Never Be the Same." (I still have the LP to this day). They played often in our church and in venues ranging from The Sleeping Lady Cafe (Fairfax) to Golden Gate Park. Houtsma also had a short-lived local cable TV evangelism program, "Plumb Line," on which they were featured.

The three of them were already veteran, seasoned musicians, so it came as no surprise that their musical quality was superb. The surprising thing was the genuine profundity of the lyrics and the spiritual dynamics the songs released. Anyone, Christian or not, who was at all spiritually attuned, agreed with this. By late 1981 James Trumbo became my first piano teacher and he was the best of the best. His motto was "Practice makes perfect if you practice perfectly," and he immediately put me to work on the book "The Hanon Virtuoso Pianist."

This was wonderful for a few years, but a subtle shift was taking place. Roger Houtsma was excessively ambitious, and because of the status of the three (James, David and Donna) he was showcasing them to promote himself. He eventually sucked them into his vortex, which destroyed their creativity. Zoe eventually disbanded and James, David and Donna became part of the pastoral and Bible school staff. (All Deaheads know well the song, "The Music Never Stopped." This is when and how the music actually did stop.) Tragically, Donna cut her hair and started dressing and acting like a typical wealthy Marin County woman. This went on for years.

Deep inside, they were the same people, but their true selves were locked away in a fundamentalist cage of Houtsma's making. Donna remained a warm and friendly person though, and when I got married in 1987 she became friends with my wife. Along with another woman from the church, Donna was there at the Vallejo Kaiser Hospital when my daughter was born in May, 1990. I still have a photo of the short-haired Donna holding our one-hour-old baby. Donna's son Zion (fathered by Keith Godchaux) grew up in the church. Last time I saw him he was in 7th grade.

In Jan 1994, Dave MacKay performed my brother-in-law's wedding. Of course, we have all the wedding pictures to document that.

David and Donna remained in this condition until 1995 or '96 (I forget which). This was when they came out from under Roger Houtsma's ether. There was a falling out over Roger's alleged request that Donna give all her continuing Grateful Dead royalties to his World Outreach Ministry. And David also realized that under Roger, he'd become a mere stuffed suit (yeah, the former rocker had short hair and wore suits all the time). That's when they fully woke up, resigned from the church, moved to Alabama and got back into the music scene.

You see, I'm talking about approx. 15 very real years: years that are documented by the Zoe album, by taped Zoe performances in the church, by many photos, and by the recollection of hundreds of Marin Christian Life Church members. One of those former members is my good friend Anne Trumbo, widow of Zoe keyboardist James Trumbo, who died of brain cancer in March 2005. Anne has more memorabilia and recollections than all the rest of us put together. Another witness to all this, who is still alive and well, is bay area musician Pat Craig, formerly of The Tasmanian Devils (http://www.bay-area-bands.com/bab00094.htm). Pat also joined that church and played a few gigs with Zoe.

Every time since 2007 that I've looked at Donna's website, I've been rather dismayed by the omission of (approximately) 15 years of her life, especially that there was no mention of their band Zoe. Zoe is nothing at all to be ashamed of: rather it's a very real part of the S.F. Bay Area music legacy. Why should that history be erased?

And here is something that I find rather odd: An S.F. Gate article from 2008 in which Donna is interviewed claims that she "moved back to her native state 27 years ago" (http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-06-03/entertainment/17165168_1_grateful-dead-band-recording). That equals 1981, the year she joined MCLC. How could the journalist who interviewed her get it so wrong?

The substance of everything I've said here is true and verifiable, and it would be a disservice to the credibility of Wikipedia to exclude it. Let's think critically here: Wikipedia is supposed to be, and does its utmost to be, a reliable source of factual knowledge. If someone deliberately tries to suppress/erase factual knowledge which can be verified by record albums, photos, and the eyewitness testimony of literally hundreds of people, should a Wikipedia article play along with such a game? Or, should it remain true to its mission and tell the truth?

Also, to exclude any reference to the band Zoe is a rude dismissal of the memory of my late friend and teacher, James Trumbo, a true virtuoso pianist. As I said above, It has been especially painful for me to notice the glaring omission on Donna's website. I spent a day with James in their house in Daly City three months before he died in March 2005; when he could no longer play keyboards and could barely speak because the brain tumor was so aggressive. Donna flew back to S.F. for James' funeral three months later; so how could he have never existed?

Let me finish by reiterating that I'm not blaming any of the contributors who have posted to this article. I am only trying to alert you all that something is amiss; that someone is trying to gloss over the reality over more than a decade, and that if this sort of glossing is allowed to go unchecked in an encyclopedia, it will compromise the encyclopedia's credibility.

Finally: do any of you article editors live in or nearby Marin County? If so, you can do a little investigative journalism of your own. Stop by the Novato church. Several years ago MCLC changed leaders and changed its name to New Life Christian Center. It's still in the same location it always was: 1370 S. Novato Blvd (at the crossing of Rowland Blvd). The pastor is an old friend of mine, Caleb Klinge. Ask Caleb if Donna Jean and David were with the church all those years, and if they'd had a band called Zoe. See what he says. Then tell him S.F. Gate Magazine claims Donna moved back to Alabama in 1981. See him start choking.

''A few references: ''

'''On Marin Christian Life Church: '''

1. see pp. 35-38 of Ron Enroth's Recovering From Churches that Abuse. The book is now available free in pdf format at: http://www.reveal.org/development/Recovering_from_Churches_that_Abuse.pdf

2. http://mommylife.net/archives/2007/03/doug_phillips_r.html (paragraph 3, near the top of the page)

3. A Google search on "Marin Christian Life Church" will bring up scores of other pages.

On Donna Jean's MCLC pastor, Roger Houtsma: http://www.wo.org/about_roger.php

On the Zoe album, "Never Be The Same": http://www.musicbychristians.com/6zoe.html

On James Trumbo's earlier work with Van Morrison: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_Don't_Pull_No_Punches,_but_You_Don't_Push_the_River

On James Trumbo's later work, after he left MCLC in 1999, up to his death in 2005: http://www.jtfm.com/

Mahamaya1 (talk) 03:17, 4 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Thanks for writing all that. It's very interesting and it does explain the "missing years" in Donna Jean's biography.  Whether any of it should be included in the article is another question however.  Please refer to these pages for a full explanation of why this is:
 * Verifiability
 * No original research
 * Biographies of living persons
 * To summarize, Wikipedia articles should contain information that has already been published in reliable, third-party sources. As it says on the Verifiability page, "The threshold for inclusion in Wikipedia is verifiability, not truth—whether readers can check that material added to Wikipedia has already been published by a reliable source, not whether editors think it is true."  So, if you saw something happen, you know that it's true, but it shouldn't be included in an article unless it can be attributed to a book, article, published interview, or other reliable source.  And any investigative journalism on the part of Wikipedia editors should be excluded as original research.  This is especially true for biographies of living persons.  I don't think that the information you're talking about is being suppressed, although it's quite possible that Donna Jean herself doesn't like to talk about it.  If reliable references can be found, then the material can be added.  I hope all this makes sense.  — Mudwater (Talk) 12:42, 5 May 2010 (UTC)

-

Thank you Mudwater for the comments. Yes, it makes sense and it's also a bit frustrating. Do you think a bare-bones version might be workable? What instantly comes to mind is that the Zoe album "Never Be The Same" is already listed in the web page which I cited, so it's not original research. And I can scan the front and back of the album cover. So, supposing that instead of saying she turned to "religion" (which is basically meaningless), I mention that she became a born-again Christian and played with the Marin-based band Zoe; and then mention the album name with the website footnote, and post the scanned album cover? Would that pass the "original research" and "verifiability" test?

Also, as I mentioned above, I have a photo of Donna Jean which I definitely have the rights to since it came from my camera and she's holding my daughter. Currently in the article there's only one photo of Donna, which is quite recent. If we can add one or two photos from her Dead years, then my photo from May 1990, then recent photo can be balanced as part of a progression from young to old. Same with album covers. If there's one picture from an old Keith and Donna album, then a pic of the Zoe album, followed later by the "Donna Jean" album (or another recent one) it would make for a balanced, chronologically sequenced article, without one phase of her life squeezing out the other phases.

If I were to add my photo, the caption might read something like, "Donna Jean Godchaux holding a friend's baby, Vallejo, CA, 1990."

The only other Wiki article I made any major contributions to was Jeffrey J. Kripal, in which I never got close to breaking the rules because I was directly citing his books and his university faculty page. So this Donna Jean thing is uncharted waters for me.

Thanks again...

Mahamaya1 (talk) 14:32, 5 May 2010 (UTC)

 * I think you're getting into a bit of a grey area. Whether the types of edits you're talking about would be acceptable or not would depend on exactly what they said and exactly how they were referenced, and different editors might have different opinions about them also.  While it's okay to have some statements that are not referenced (attributed), it's really better to err on the side of caution.  So far I'm thinking that most of what you said should be left out of the article, unless reliable third party references can be found.  And I think a picture of Donna Jean Godchaux holding a friend's baby would not support the written material that you're talking about.  On the other hand, the existence of the Never Be the Same album can be referenced, so that's probably fair game, but beyond including it in the Discography section, I don't think it proves that much.  — Mudwater (Talk) 01:17, 8 May 2010 (UTC)

Elvis
Donna is NOT listed on "From Elvis in Memphis"'s Wiki http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/From_Elvis_in_Memphis Does she actually sing on the album? One of the wiki pages is wrong, either the album or Donna's page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:41, 15 June 2013 (UTC)

 * Both pages are correct. Before Donna married Keith Godchaux her name was Donna Thatcher, and she's credited by that name on From Elvis in Memphis, and on some other albums as well. That's mentioned in this article, right after the "With other artists" heading. — Mudwater (Talk) 21:09, 15 June 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Donna Jean Godchaux. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090414220112/http://news.jamradio.org:80/2009/03/the-birth-of-the-donna-jean-godchaux-band.php to http://news.jamradio.org/2009/03/the-birth-of-the-donna-jean-godchaux-band.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150714185407/http://www.honesttune.com/the-music-never-stopped-the-musical-journey-of-donna-jean-godcheaux-mckay/ to http://www.honesttune.com/the-music-never-stopped-the-musical-journey-of-donna-jean-godcheaux-mckay/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:19, 15 December 2016 (UTC)

Unique???
Was Donna the only woman formally recognized as a member of the Grateful Dead? PurpleChez (talk) 19:54, 20 August 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Donna Jean Godchaux