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Wikipedia talk:Scottish Wikipedians' notice board/Archive 1

Category:Scotland-related stubs
Please don't populate this category for the time being; it was created out of process, and is wrongly named. I thought I'd resolved this with the creator, and fixed it, but this has been undone recently. The correct name for the stub category would be Category:Scotland stubs (the one appearing, also incorrectly, on categories for deletion, as mentioned here).

There's also the issue of category "viability"; stub categories are only supposed to be created when there are at least 60, and ideally more, candidate stubs to be sorted into it. (Another reason for the stub-type proposal mechanism, WP:WSS/P.) Though there's probably a reasonable number of unfound Scottish stubs, plus it's certainly useful as a "root" category for the existing stub-cats for Scottish geography, bios, etc. It helps in such cases if there's an associated Wikiproject: which this isn't, but seems a lot like one in scope. It might be worth considering whether a) to "spin off" Wikiproject Scotland, or b) to explicitly say this is doubling as such. Alai 16:52, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I've only just seen this. Sorry, I will stop putting articles in until Cfd discussion concluded. You will have no problem finding 60 articles for it: I could fill it with 60 valid articles in 2 hours, if I got my head down and ignored other wee edits that needed doing. I honestly think that there are well over a thousand, perhaps thousands, of applicable artcles, and that excludes the bio and geo articles. User:Lochaber, on my Talk page, pointed me in the direction of the relevant (buried) discussion. It was unanimous, but what I do not understand is why nothing has been done to bulk rename the entire lot of "foo-related stubs" categories? It seems very, very odd to just apply the new policy to Scotland, while ignoring the (perhaps more significant) United States, France, China etc re-names.--Mais oui! 23:23, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * No prob, I think this discussion's become a little fragmented: I feel a little breathless, chasing from one page to another...  I don't seriously doubt "viability", it's just a nicety to try to get the count done, or at least roughly estimated, first, to (try to!) stop people from creating horribly undersized "niche" stub categories, which believe me, certainly happens.  It wasn't immediately obviously there'd be this many in the parent UK stub category, though I don't doubt there's many more besides those.
 * The "bulk renaming"'s not been done because of the way categories work. Not only do the category pages themselves need to be "moved" (actually, cut and pasted, then deleted), but every single article needs to be edited, for the recategorisation to take place.  So, "bulk" really is the operative word.  So it's being done gradually, and opportunistically, especially where it's easy to do so, i.e. on new and small existing categories.  So think of it as "early adoption of wave of the future", not as of being given selective, much less especially unfavourable treatment.  Alai 23:46, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

Scottish bio stubs
The Category:British people stubs is apparently overloaded. It is also full of Scottish people who can be moved to Category:Scottish people stubs. I have moved a bunch of aristocrats over there, not because I like nobility, but because they have the handy habit of putting the name of their stately home after their own! Please help. --MacRusgail 17:43, 27 October 2005 (UTC
 * Yeah, makes it a bit easier. The other method of course is to look for all the typically Scottish surnames, but of course that will still miss a lot of people, and plently of other British people have got Scottish surnames, but it will still find an awful lot of them.
 * I don't know how good an idea this is, but I have been tending to put peers in the relevant Council category: eg Duke of Montrose in Category:Angus, Earl of Orkney in Category:Orkney Islands. I know that you dislike these Council area categories, but they do seem to be well and truly here to stay: none of the political parties seems remotely interested in yet another local govt re-organisation, and especially not the big four, who are the only ones likely to be able to implement it.--Mais oui! 17:59, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi, I've commented on this elsewhere, I don't like putting people in modern council areas... except where they seem to correspond with historic ones, e.g. Fife, Orkney. This is partly because they keep on changing them, and the boundaries (Argyll is as much "Highland" as Applecross, but East Caithness isn't), people say that they're from traditional counties (still) rather than these. A few years ago, you wouldn't have heard people say that they were from "Central" or "Grampian" for example (both of them are by the wayside now anyway). --MacRusgail 16:23, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

Articles requiring Scottish input/expansion etc
--MacRusgail 16:23, 28 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women
 * Heart of Midlothian (Royal Mile), not the football club or novel, but the mosaic pictured on the right
 * Daniela Nardini - article started, needs expansion
 * Ned (Scottish) - Not a "non-educated delinquent"
 * Pat Kane - woefully inadequate article about Scottish singer.
 * The Rezillos
 * Rocket mail - this article has nothing on it in the Outer Hebrides, where they tried to use it, and also I think there's even a Scottish film of this title.
 * Who Ate All the Pies? - probably more Scottish input needed into this "phenomenon"

Requested categories and stubs?
These seem a little redundant, no? A request for a stub is surely exactly the same as a request for an article (just more self-consciously modest, as it were). A request for a category is surely either really either a proposal, or a request for wiki-code assistance, both of which might as well be phrased as such, and don't seem to need a separate sub-section, I'd think. Alai 03:52, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Off topic, I suppose, but how would I go about requesting a Welsh biography stub? There's lots of people in the UK bio list who have names using obviously Welsh spellings, and no doubt there's plenty more with less "Welsh looking" names. --MacRusgail 14:30, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Go to WP:WSS/P, and add a section mooting either a specific template and category (say, Wales-bio-stub and ), or just the general idea. If there's known or strongly believed to be at least 60-80, should be no problem.  Alai 16:32, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * How the devil am I supposed to count them all though? I had enough trouble tracking all the Scottish ones down, and am still finding more. They don't seem to be getting into alphabetical order. It seems to be very overcomplicated. --MacRusgail 21:09, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * You don't have to count them all, just have some evidence there's a reasonable number. Given that there's over 2400 people in UK-bio-stub, not even counting existing sub-categories, shouldn't be too hard to argue this via either sampling, or a certain amount of hand-waving.  (At least 2 or 3 percent are bound to be Welsh.)  Anyway, just something you might want to bear in mind when proposing new stub types:  stub sorters don't want the categories getting too large, on the one hand, but equally they don't want them being so small that they languish away unnoticed.  Alai 22:41, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

Celtic mythology
Looking through the Celtic mythology page I see lots of howlers, particularly misspellings, by folk not familiar with the Celtic languages. There's a lot of well-meaning disinformation on here, some of it propagated by post-modernist "revivalists".

The Scottish links and articles are particularly poor, and I have called into question some of the articles such as Douglas (mythology). --MacRusgail 17:03, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Checking Douglas (mythology), I've noticed the tag, but no information as to why it was placed there. If there is a reason for it, I would highly suggest placing it in the talk page, and here as well if you wish, for good measure. Canaen  00:31, 10 December 2005 (UTC)

categorising Scots as native to their trad. county, region, or council area
let s categorise Scots as native to the local area in which they grew up or spent considerable time residing, which for many was one of the trad. counties. the question of what to do with people who grew up during the region system of local gov t (btween 1973 and 1997) i would answer is to simply ignore this in our catting and cat these individuals under either or both trad. county or council area cats (perhaps just under the latter cat). i recently discovered that perhaps for the sake of simplification Scots who died before 1974 have been catted under council areas and started creating cats for natives of trad. counties till asked to post a message here first. thoughts? -Mayumashu 16:47, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The trad counties are much better for various reasons, e.g. people identify with them, and are more familiar with them. No one goes about (that I know of) saying that they come from "Grampian", "Central" etc, or if they live in Kinross, they come from Fife. Of course, the three or four small counties might be a problem - Nairnshire, Clackmannanshire, Kinrossshire and Kincardineshire. --MacRusgail 18:18, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, regions for one thing have gone the way of all flesh, and unitary authorities are rather too recent to be of much use in regard to people's origins. I'd suggest that lieutenancy areas are a reasonable solution, having the faint whiff of tradition about them, but having some current standing, and being less baroque than the actual traditional counties per se.  It's also how the location stub categories are being proposed to be dealt with, as I mentioned on the front page, and some congruence would obviously be handy.  Alai 22:59, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * the areas encompassed by the two - trad counties and lieutenancy areas - largely overlap, don t they. for me it comes down to which of the two people identify more with, and if this is approximately the same, then i like the idea of User:Alai to use the tidier names of the lieutenancy areas.  if however it is felt Scots describe themselves as being of/from trad. counties and not lieutenancy areas, i d support use of trad. counties despite their longer names.  (i m not from Scotland btw, i just like catting bio pages by where the person is from) -Mayumashu 14:13, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

 * How do Scots describe themselves? If you want N different opinions on that, ask N Scots...  and brace yourself for an oversubscription. :)  I'd guess that the LAs are the best guess for that purpose.  They're actually pretty close to the TCs, the main differences being, the "tidying up" of most of the enclaves and exclaves, and the separation of Glasgow as its own LA.  (Ask a Glaswegian where she's from and she will not be likely to say "Lanarkshire".)  I'd guess that fewer people would give answers congruent with the UAs or regions, but then again, it all depends on the context of the question...  Alai 06:20, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Can I request that we take this topic to Categories for deletion, where we can have an open debate, with the input of other experienced Wikipedians. I am very uncomfortable with Wikipedia using local authority designations that were abolished thirty years ago, and which no political party seems likely to ever want (let alone be in a position to implement) to re-constitute. Lieutenancy areas seem an even more bizarre and obscure way of dividing Scotland, being purely ceremonial in nature: Wikipedia is not a publication that tends to favour ceremonial niceties over day-to-day realities.

Please note that many, many people are categorised to political units that just did not exist when they were born, or lived: Da Vinci was never an Italian citizen, yet you will find him under Cat:Italian people. Same with Beethoven, Shakespeare, Newton, and thousands more. So I see no problem whatsoever with putting "Perthshire" for Robert Cunninghame-Graham's place of birth, BUT Category:Natives of Perth and Kinross at the article's foot.

Unless any one has any strong objections, I will submit all the Category:Scottish people by traditional county categories to Cfd this evening. Please do not create any new stubs along lieutenancy lines until that debate is resolved.

On a Point of Information: "No one goes about (that I know of) saying that they come from "Grampian", "Central" etc, or if they live in Kinross, they come from Fife." No-one is proposing using the now-defunct Regions (Grampian, Central etc); and the old Kinross-shire (deceased 1975 note) is not part of modern Fife, but of modern Perth and Kinross. --Mais oui! 09:26, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I thought Central still existed. The "new" regions are even less familiar to me! I'm sure I'm not alone. Many of these new bureaucratic regions (that's what they are!) are not places people identify with, except if they use old names. --MacRusgail 16:37, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Agree with Mais Oui, lets use current authority areas, at leasst then we can be precise about things. I think using either TC or Lieut. areas would be confusing as they overlap, but are not the same thing. This also clears up a related point: I have recently started sorting Category:Towns in Scotland by current authority areas (some have already been done), and shall watch the CfD debate to see if this should continue. Supergolden 17:46, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Precise? That's my "precise" point. Caithnessians are not "Highlanders", and Argyll folk are, but the former's in Highland region, the latter in another, and let's go nowhere near what they did to "Aberdeenshire" again! These regions are confusing to most people. When you say "Highlander" for example, how are people to know whether you mean the real thing, or someone in a government construct? --MacRusgail 18:35, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

let s start the lieutenancy areas 'native of' category scheme (as it stands the better chance of support than the trad. counties scheme given the later were recently deleted), and let s do it now - i ll do the work. i suggest we keep the council areas cats scheme in place, just depopulate the cats of people who grew up in Scotland prior to 1996 (99.9%). in the next 20/30 years the council area cats will fill up as people slowly come to identify with them. yes, two separate schemes -Mayumashu 05:56, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

Aberdonians, Dundonians
How come Edinburgh gets the rarely used "Edinburgher" category, but Aberdeen and Dundee get "people from X"? Even in Edinburgh, there's debate about the adjective for folk from the city, whereas the other two are settled.

 * Absolutely, that doesn't make sense to me either. The "Natives of Aberdeen/Dundee" category has a needlessly clunky name and I can only imagine that it was created by someone unfamiliar with the cities. Leithp (talk) 08:16, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm guilty of poorly naming the two cats and have just put them up for a rename nomiation at the cfd (categories for deletion) page - please go to that page to vote to get the names changed -Mayumashu 05:27, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

 * There was a debate about the use of a reasonably obscure word for people from Madrid. It's probably well used in Spanish, but not English... however are people in the USA that familiar with terms like Novocastrian (Geordie) or Glaswegian (Weegie!)? It's not that I'm against the use of these names, I think that we have to be consistent. Edinburger/burgher is not in common use (Personally I've always liked "Edimbourgeois", as it sums up a certain aspect of the city!), but Aberdonian (Dons) and Dundonian are in Scotland. --MacRusgail 13:09, 15 November 2005 (UTC) p.s. Seeing as Leithp is here, is Leither a suitable cat or not? Some notable people have identified themselves as such.

 * Leither is certainly the commonly used term for people from Leith (although you'll hear some other terms used at Tynecastle). I'm not sure that it would be a very well populated category though, apart from The Proclaimers of course...... Leithp (talk) 13:23, 15 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Although it's not that long ago that Leith was a town in its own right, so there could well be historical figures who would be Leithers rather than Edinburghers. This isn't something I know that well as, despite the username, I don't have any connection to the place. Leithp (talk) 13:41, 15 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Irvine Welsh too? I think there's a few others. But you can argue where Leith ends and Edinburgh begins, and some think they're one and the same. Same conurbation anyway. --MacRusgail 14:08, 15 November 2005 (UTC)
 * And others listed on the page, but to be honest I think that, given the size of the Edinburgher cat, there isn't any point breaking it down into sub-cats. Leithp (talk) 14:20, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

Category:Irish-Scots and Category:Irish British people

 * (The following comment is a reproduction of one I left at the discussion at User talk:MacRusgail.)

We ought to watch this new category (and the British supercat) like hawks. It has the potential to be used as a political football, far more so than most of the other "hyphenated-people" categories. Criteria for inclusion should be rigourously enforced: the article itself must state Irish birth, or some strong connection to Ireland during the person's life (eg an Irish parent). Having an Irish grannie (or even further back) is just not good enough, unless the person themself has made a particular point of identifying as a person of Irish origin, or it has been a notable feature of their life. With other similar cats people have been included who have only weak links with "country of origin" (eg Reese Witherspoon under Category:Scottish-Americans), and I suppose this is OK if a consensus has been reached to accept it by the relevant editors, but I do not think we should give such leeway with these Irish- cats. For example, even if the article is a stub, and by definition incomplete, we should not add these Irish- cats until and unless an editor includes the relevant connection with Ireland in the article itself, by consensus. (I am going to re-produce this comment at Scottish Wikipedians' notice board.)--Mais oui! 08:20, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

COPIED FROM User talk:MacRusgail
 * I have now moved everyone from the Irish British category to Category:People of Irish descent in Great Britain and Category:Irish people in Great Britain (there are a few anomalies). Maybe it would be good idea to rename the Irish-Scots category to  Category:People of Irish descent in Scotland to avoid certain people being upset by labelling issues? Arniep 02:19, 12 November 2005 (UTC)
 * No. Please do not! I just have a very strong feeling that your two new cats are going to be very contentious. If you want to rename any more categories you must take them to Cfd first.--Mais oui! 11:06, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

COPY ENDS

New stub category
Scotland has another new stub template and category! For buildings and other human-made structures in Scotland, there is now Scotland-struct-stub. feeding into. If you can find a better icon for it, feel free to change it - none of the pictures of places like Edinburgh Castle or Stirling Castle looked good that small, nor those of the Forth Bridge, so at the moment it's got Glasgow's "Armadillo", but that's not that good tiny either... Grutness...  wha?  09:07, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I've put in the picture of the Wallace Monument (Stirling's). Hope it is to your liking. The sky behind is a bit dark, but at least the building is reasonably clear IMO. --MacRusgail 13:05, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

Requested biographies
I have ferretted through the list @ WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/biographies and copied a number of the Scottish entries into Scottish requested articles (biographies). Some of these characters look very interesting, and are new on me! --MacRusgail 13:05, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Mmm. I've been dying for someone to write an article on Richard Holloway. Maccoinnich 14:19, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * An interesting man, but not one I'm a fan of. I don't think I could be a bishop with the lack of belief he had... and then turn round and use a religious position to promote his thoughts on the world. It would have been more "moral" perhaps for him to leave the church and then do what he did. For me, I tend to think he was hypocritical in that regard (and I'm not Christian, let alone Episcopalian). --MacRusgail 17:46, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

Electric Brae
Didn't know where to put this in requested articles, as it is a book (by Andrew Greig - literature) and also the nickname of at least two places with "gravity defying" slopes (geography - folklore). The locations vary depending on who you speak to. They tend to be in the North Lanarkshire-Ayrshire area, on the northern part of the Southern Uplands. But which they are, I don't know.

It is, however well enough known to deserve an article --MacRusgail 18:21, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't know anything more about it than a quick google reveals, but the best known one (only as far as I knew) is certainly in Ayrshire. Oddly enough, the germans have beaten us to it - they already have an article at Electric Brae. Spricht hier jemand Deutsch? Maccoinnich 20:23, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

 * If a suitable section or sub-section does not exist yet at Requested articles then just create it. I have put in two new subsections and the book and mountain electric braes, but perhaps we also need a new Folklore/Myth subsection of Culture for Electric Brae (folklore)--Mais oui! 22:01, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

 * That'd be going over the top... Electric Brae should be for the hill (not mountain!) and folklore. And if the book is strongly tied to that, for it too; otherwise Electric Brae (book). wangi 22:51, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Done. Don't know of any others, so someone can find if there are any. Suggest Electric Brae (novel) for the book....dave souza 12:39, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

Gillespie, Kidd & Coia, Catholics and Glasgow
The page on the architectural firm Gillespie, Kidd & Coia was started, and subsequently mostly edited, by me. An anon user removed the sentence "As a result, the number of Catholics in Glasgow collapsed: from a 69,000 in 1951 to 13,000 in 1971. This was against a rising number of Catholics in the country as a whole, reaching a peak of 15% of the population in the early 1960s", claiming "False figures. Clearly more Catholics in Glasgow in 1971 than 13000". Now, I reverted it, because I took those figures directly from the book referenced in the article. However, after thinking about it, it does seem a little low. Does anyone have any way of checking if those figures are credible? Maccoinnich 16:38, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I've no way of checking, but they seem implausible to me. In fact, I'm sure they are wrong. They should not be in the article, but if they must me should be caveated with 'according to .....' with the source clearly cited. --Doc ask? 16:52, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

 * The Third Statistical Account for Glasgow (1966 or so) will have 1961 census data, which should allow sanity-checking of those numbers; I have the Edinburgh volume here, but not the Glasgow one. (46k in Edinburgh, FWIW) Shimgray | talk | 00:40, 18 November 2005 (UTC)

Right - it was my fault. I found the original source, and it seems I left out the fairly important caveat of those numbers being in eight city centre parishes. Fixed now. Thanks. Maccoinnich 17:16, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

History of Scotland Template
I've made a History of Scotland Template to provide an easy link from/to significant Scotland pages. It'll probably need some amendment as there is a lot of red (I mostly copied it from the History of France template), but as more pages are added this will fill up. AllanHainey 13:32, 18 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Good work Allan, but I'd have to take issue with the pre-Roman bit. Romans were not as big an influence on modern-day Scotland as in modern-day England and Wales, and I would certainly say that the Norse invasions are more important, and had longer lasting effects. Also, the period between 400-1000 in Scottish history probably deserves at least one section - the Norse could be one "fixer". --MacRusgail 17:33, 18 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I was basically amending the French template so there are bits which probably aren't appropriate & links that should be there but aren't. I put in pre-Roman as it's a good dividing line between diferent periods, but as it's all red at the moment feel free to amend it, I don't know a great deal about early Scottish history so I probably can't do much for it. AllanHainey 15:23, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

Creating New Entries/Extensive Modifications
Forgive me if this is not the right place to ask this, but as a newbie with only some editing experience, I have a query. I would like to create an entry for the Brahan Seer, as I notice that he doesn't have one (although he's mentioned in a few others). I gather, from reading various users pages, that there's some sort of procedure I have to go through before I can create such a page? Also, I was hoping to extensively overhaul the entry for the Battle Of Dunnichen, within my sandbox and ask suitable admins/experienced users to check it out. Is there a procedure for doing this sort of thing too? Lianachan 18:48, 5 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Good idea. Here's a link - just start editing from here Brahan Seer.  See this for some tips Your first article.  Don't worry too much about style - other people (such as those here) can give you a hand.  The most important thing is good content.  I look forward to seeing the article. Maccoinnich 19:43, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

Excellent! Just go for it: BE BOLD. If you make some boo-boos (and let's face it, who doesn't?) then I'm sure that other Users will not be backward in coming forward. Don't forget to bung at least one (preferably at least a couple) of appropriate categories at the foot of the article, and personally, I prefer all new articles to carry a stub template until a few other editors have made contributions. So, for a biographical article like the Brahan Seer, I would tend to put this right at the very bottom of your article:

(Out of interest, I've never seen that cat before, quite interesting: Category:Celtic mythology stubs.) Anyway, for the bonus point, what "occupation" is a seer? - Category:Scottish people by occupation???--Mais oui! 20:10, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

Proposed Project: Scottish Placename Etymology
Just dipping a toe in the water, to see if there'd be much/any interest in updating the entries for Scottish places (and landmarks, etc..) with etymological information.

I've described it very briefly on my talk page. Lianachan 13:04, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I'd be very much interested. When adding a few Scottish places to the 'pedia I usually tend to look up a bit of their naming information anyway. As you can see I've listed toponomy as one of my interests, which it is, so... yep, sign me up :) Nach0king 18:59, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Any "roadmap" for making a start on this? Nach0king 15:21, 11 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I thought I'd wait a few weeks, at least until the new year, to see if there was much interest. Lianachan 01:03, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, cool.Nach0king 11:18, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

Do you guys want to make it a Wikiproject? It is probably the best format for planning, communication and co-ordination. Obviously we would advertise it here at the notice board upon initiation, and give it a link or two, eg. here and at P:S.--Mais oui! 11:41, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I've got it listed as a proposed project already. Lianachan 13:02, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

An interesting idea, but Scottish placenames are notoriously hard to crack, and there's often several explanations. Sometimes as many as five in some cases. A lot of disinformation floating about, e.g. that Edinburgh is Edwin's Burgh, even though it appears to be Brythonic in origin, and predating King Edwin.--MacRusgail 20:49, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Edinburgh, I believe, is Dùn Éideann in Gaelic, which itself is from the Brythonic Din Eidyn ("Eidyn's fort"). By giving true toponymies, where they can be demonstrated, surely we'd be helping dispel the worst that folk etymology can do? Lianachan 07:56, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * In places where the etymology is unclear, what we could do is just dispel common myths, even if we can't offer a definitive answer ourselves. Sounds good? Nach0king 17:33, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

Irish Catholic Rebels
I invite all Scottish Wikipedians to take a look at this article and then vote for a 'Speedy Delete on the articles entry on the Articles for Deletion. Camillus  talk | contribs 01:20, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Update: Don't worry - it's gone! [[Image:Flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] Camillus [[Image:Flag of Scotland.svg|20px]] talk | contribs 09:38, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

Clans of Scotland WikiProject
If anyone's interested, we have at least 2 or 3 active participants (as far as I can tell) over at the Clans of Scotland WikiProject, and we could sure use more. There's a decent template up, so Clan pages are quite easy to craft. Canaen 11:14, 12 December 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Denny Rehberg

A need for objective discussion of Rehberg's actions
Please take the discussion here rather than continuing the revert war. Qqqqqq (talk) 16:05, 31 May 2009 (UTC)
 * rehberg has the history of voting against any measure that would afford the legal protection against violence toward minorities. rehberg has been consistent at least, snubbing indian leaders in Montana as well.  rehberg has been quoted in the past as saying that aids patients were going to die anyway, why bother wasting treatment on them.  rehberg has tacitly approved of the sockpuppet management of his wiki entry.
 * when confronted by legislators regarding his lack of empathy as demonstrated by his "gay" joke, he blew them off TOTALLY, there was NO response. the time has come for rehberg to face the facts that judging from his actions, he is racist, homophobic and totally unsuited to represent the entire state of Montana.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:10, 7 June 2009 (UTC)
 * I understand why you believe this to be an important issue. However, Wikipedia has a policy, which you can see at wp:blp, that says we have to go to great lengths to be fair and neutral in biographies of living people.  You might particularly want to take a look at wp:coat.  We have to be careful to present things that are truly notable to the person, and even then we have to present them in context.  The text you continue to insert doesn't make it clear that this event is notable, provides only one source (but mentions another, uncited one), and does not provide a neutral or complete context.  So here's where we start: can you please compile links to each of the articles that have covered this event?  You can use Google News to help find them.  Once you have that, we can go from there in trying to work with other editors to develop neutral language.
 * One important point... The manner in which you and the other anonymous editors went back and forth reverting one another is called an edit war, and it's very much against our policies here.  You're very lucky you weren't blocked, which would pretty much ensure your point of view would not be represented here.  (This goes for both or all of you.)  When you have a disagreement with another editor, the best way to solve it on the talk page.  That being said, there is a certain deference to removing poorly sourced content, and in that case, you are at an even bigger disadvantage since you kept reverting despite the other editor raising legitimate wp:blp concerns.
 * So, here we are now. Please bring some additional reliable sources and we can go from there.  If the other editor who was reverting you wants to bring up any concerns they have, now might be a good time, as well.  Remember, though, the goal here is to get to a point where you both agree with what steps to take next.  user: J  aka justen (talk) 19:37, 7 June 2009 (UTC)

Creation of Controversies Section Needed for more objective treatment of controversial statements/issues? I see that the homosexuality stuff keeps getting put back up along with the firefighter issues. PLEASE stop putting these things under the same headings as issues. Issues headings I believe are more meant to be about his official positions on things. A quote on AIDS from 1994 is not some official position on gays/gay rights/homosexuality etc. If this must be put in, it would be better housed under some section pertaining to "Controversies" or the like. A section in the page like this would be a much better catch-all than the subjective editing and biased inclusion of things that don't belong under policy positions or objective treatment of issues Tadamsmt (talk) 10:13, 3 October 2012 (UTC)

 * I'm taking this opportunity to address the points you've raised because another editor has reverted the rather notorious Rehberg quote regarding AIDS due to a now-blind link. There seems to be little doubt that Rehberg was accurately quoted. It has been repeated often as a example of the marginalizaton of and attitudes toward discreet and disenfranchised social groups since it was originally made in 1994. The remark was made to a reporter in Montana and carried that year in the national press precisely because of the then-commonplace attitude it represented, more than as a comment on Rehberg himself. The accuracy of the quote has never been disputed by Rehberg, his former Montana state, congressional or campaign staffs, or anyone else that I've been able to determine. To restore the deleted comment and citation, I will quote a 2003 academic paper from an eminently well respected University, a presumably peer reviewed piece that cites its source as the 26th of December 1994 issue of Newsweek, p. 83. Secondly, many Wikipedia editors have objected to "controversy" sections of articles. I'm not arguing for or against such inclusion or exclusions, simply noting that it represents an issue that has so far defied resolution. Activist (talk) 18:06, 3 May 2013 (UTC)

Objectivity of some sources I've noticed, especially in sourcing the boating accident that many of the primary news articles are not objective in that they are just reporters quoting his political opponents. Although the Billings Gazette or Missoulian would be reputable sources, when they just publish quotes and press releases from political opponents, a better, more objective source should be used. If one cannot be found, I don't believe it passes muster of objectivity enough to include in article Tadamsmt (talk) 10:29, 3 October 2012 (UTC)

 * The issue of the boating accident was raised late in the Rehberg/Tester U.S. Senate campaign in 2012. Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington(CREW), a non-partisan citizen watchdog group, raised the issue of the vigorous blocking of public access to official reports about the accident in court, eventually winning the release of the documents. Reports of the accident were covered extensively in the Billings Gazette, the city in which Rehberg lives, as well as other newspapers in the Lee publications chain in Helena and Missoula, but also in the independent Flathead Beacon, which covers the area where the accident occurred. In fact reporters were not quoting opinions of political opponents, that I've noticed, but instead primary sources at the time of the accident up until the present. Rehberg's bipartisan opponents seemed largely quiet on the issues involved. Activist (talk) 18:06, 3 May 2013 (UTC)

Discussion of Boating Accident
I'm going to go ahead and engage an administrator here, because you seem intent on attacking me personally. I'm disappointed that we've been unable to come to a better agreement on how best to include the facts while meeting WikiPolicy. Kozitt (talk) 14:39, 7 January 2010 (UTC)

I had properly sourced material for facts such as Rehberg's release of his BAC as .05, which is legally sober at the time it was taken, but indicates that he must have been drunk at the time of the eminently predictable accident. I included links to calculators, and went through the trouble of looking up his weight, which is a factor in how many drinks it would have taken to get to the level he was finally measured at, and how long it would have taken to get back down to .05.

Rehberg has had a prior history of alcohol-associated difficulties that are relevant to the issue.

Kozitt removed those edits or moved them to another's page.

There is no question that an employer has a responsibility for the safety of his or her employees. Rehberg did not meet that test. Kozitt's edits have tried to bury that core aspect of the boat crash. I hesitate to call it an "accident" as it was almost inevitable given Barkus' state and behavior.

My assumption that Kozitt was a relative, friend, paid employee of Rehberg or was someone else with a vested interest in submurging his responsibility in the crash, such as a lobbyist from special interest whose agenda Rehberg supports, has not been dispelled by her reverts on other pages or her explanations. For instance, she reverted posted material about Land O' Lakes, not because it wasn't true, but because she disputed the source. Similarly, she covered "The Devil Wore Prada," whose main character has been the subject of a negative campaign the same source as had originated the deleted Land O' Lakes material. Kozitt seems to feel that a NPOV is a standard that others must meet, while exempting herself from such strictures.

Activist (talk) 17:01, 6 January 2010 (UTC)

I'm creating a section here so that we can properly discuss this issue. First, please note that it is customary to sign posts to the talk page using 4 ~ I assume I'm speaking to User:Activist, as we've been going back and forth on this issue quite a bit.

You're incorrect about my background. Take a look at my user page and contribution history--I'm just a gal who likes for things to be properly cited. That said, your contribution history reveals someone with a distinct point of view who is a motivated editor. I can respect that--having your type, your type on the other side and my type around are how Wikipedia works, but you'll want to back off of having a problem with me personally.

As for the edits, clearly I have no problem with the facts of the events as supported by independent sources, but you cannot continue to include information that is not supported by independent, third-party sources based on the obviously strong feelings that you have. The information included in the article must be verifiable (see WP:VERIFY) and it must come from a neutral point of view (see WP:NPOV). Once your edits meet those standards, we'll have no problem. Until such time, I'll continue to clean them up. Thanks! Kozitt (talk) 18:57, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

Kozitt appears determined to keep any and all vaguely negative material off Rehberg's page.

An apparently intoxicated Rehberg got on a boat and two of his salaried staffers joined him on it. It was piloted by his extremely intoxicated friend who has a DUI arrest history and Rehberg never intervened as the boat careened out-of-control around the lake.

Rehberg's poor judgment, nearly cost one staffer, Dustin Frost, his life. Frost will have permanent brain damage as a result of the crash. Rehberg was responsible for his young employees who were on the job and he failed them in neglecting to exercise that responsibility. The Congressman was clearly complicit in their injuries.

Wikipedia is not a service and site that exists for self-promotion of politicians, but Kozitt seems determined that it so function.

After being part of this article for over a decade, this amply-supported section that had been read by thousands of Wikipedia readers, was removed. All employers have a fundamental obligation to preserve the safety of their workers. Activist (talk) 03:12, 25 October 2023 (UTC)

potential resource
Mining Companies Back Friend’s Bid for Senate by ERIC LIPTON Published: December 23, 2011 <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:58, 28 December 2011 (UTC)

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 * Added tag to http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?cs_id=V3202&can_id=404
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source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Denny Rehberg


text:
User:SamanthaNomNomCookie

I am an anime artist and an anime digital designer/animator. I animate with a program called MikuMikuDance, or MMD, and I create models for MMD with PMD Editor. I am NOT a pro anime artist yet, hence I only use a Big Mistakes eraser and a crappy led pencil. I am American and I speak English and most of the Japanese language. I am a huge fan of Vocaloid, bands like Kiss, Iron Maiden, Slipknot, etc, Avenged Sevenfold (A7x), and Black Veil Brides (BVB). I am a huge YouTube nerd (Shane Dawson, Destery and Nathan, etc.) and I am a gigantic anime nerd. (Soul Eater, Death Note, Fullmetal Alchemist, there are too many to name so I'll stop there) I get the majority of my MMD models from Bowlroll, and Deviant ART. I don't really have much more to say...so I'll think of more things to write but for now I'll just leave it here.

title: User:SamanthaNomNomCookie


text:
Wikiversity:Interlingual Beta Club

The Interlingual Beta Club is looking for a few good translators and a whole mess of wanna-be translators with open minds and a desire to learn the craft. Our reason for forming is based on a couple of facts: a) Wikiversity needs more translators. b) Wikiversity can train more translators.

About IBC
The Interlingual Beta Club has nothing to do with earning Bs in six languages (Wikiversity doesn't give grades anyway). It has to do with producing and improving Beta versions of Wikiversity and translations. The club is a vehicle for promoting a multi-faceted, interlingual Practicum for learning the vocation of language translation – a marketable commodity in the outside world and a much-needed function within Wikiversity proper.

The Translator's Handbook
The practicum is designed to propagate itself by way of a body of text:
 * The Translator's Handbook:An Interlingual Training Manual

This text, though starting (here) at the English Wikiversity will not stay here long. It's passage to de:Wikiversity and es:Wikiversity will take place immediately – even in its initial rough draft form. Like all Wikimedia Projects, it shall remain a work-in-progress for years to come. It can be thought of as a living document.

IBC's Roles
The Interlingual Beta Club is:
 * a custodial group for the Translator's Handbook
 * an association of Wikiversity participants with a passion for Interlingual collaboration and dialog
 * a learning group dedicated to Wikiversity translations
 * a teaching staff dedicated to Training new translators
 * an academic organization that promotes Multilingualism throughout the Wikiversity community

The IBC may take on other roles as well.

Academic Organization
The Interlingual Beta Club has by design a grassroots organization form characterized as a club. A campaign that begins at The Wikiversity Center for Foreign Language Learning at en.wikiversity.org grows quickly into a more formal academic entity that goes by the name Translation Department.

Translation departments
Adopting Foreign Language Learning's organizational parentage, a complex academic Practicum was drafted upward into the Practical Arts and Sciences. These are forming organically as specialized but interconnected Translation Departments within several schools:
 * 1) The School of Language and Literature (Humanities) via a focus on Foreign Language Learning
 * 2) The School of Linguistics (Social Sciences) via a classification schema built around Languages and Language families
 * 3) The School of Computer Science (Engineering and Technology) via a collaborative association with another practicum from The Institute for Applied Computer Science is organizing learning groups and developing resources:
 * 4) Computational linguistics/computer-assisted translation (Human-machine interfacing)
 * 5) Computational linguistics/machine translation  (lexicons, glossaries, corpora, automated tasks, etc.)
 * 6) Learning Objects (Learning object metadata processing, object modeling, data warehousing, etc)
 * 7) Other ACS Topics...
 * 8) School:Media Studies (Portal:Media) via a collaborative association with yet another practicum developed for The Media Project Institute centered upon (but not limited to) Wikiversity the Movie and its Mulitilingual aspects. Innovative spin-offs are expected.

Code of conduct
The Interlingual Beta Club is tasked with instituting a culture of intense collaboration (characteristic of any experimental project - the nature of a beta) while traversing extremes of interest and practice. Participant groups are expected to develop the ability to produce faithful translations of gargantuan bodies of both text and speech.

Our motto: Participation is everything is not so much about the quantitative aspects (popular culture, the hive mind, herd behavior, etc.) typical of wiki groups, but of the qualitative aspects (academic standards, ethics, worthwhile content, etc.). The personal choice to participate is the focal point of the WV:IBC. For example monolingual English-speaking members are encouraged to venture out of their "comfort zone" to join es:Wikiversity, de:Wikiversity and French Wikiversity. Our mission is to create comfort, eliminate confusion, resolve inconsistencies and dispel doubt. Our purpose is to innovate.

Consciousness Raising
A shortage of qualified translators seems to always exist. Much of the IBC's social definition and identity will come from its efforts to attract attention to translation projects, recruit translators and trainees, manage projects and collaborations, provide liaisons between versions, schools, departments and learning groups (socially and academically), and other adventures in experiential learning – Beta-learning.

IBC Motto:Participation is everything.

Essay Contest
Category:Essays is a new category for main namespace articles used for inspiration and enlightenment.

The Interlingual Beta Club is kicking off with an Essay Contest to promote the Multilingualism Practicum. This contest is synchronously conducted on all of the Wikiversity_translations and Betas.

The object of the campaign is to ask the question: Why is language translation important? The name: Translator's Handbook gives the impression of a lone translator at work parsing a body of text. The idea is to steer the reader (again singular) toward a personal context.

You'll notice that the introduction to the book is a placeholder for the contest winner's essay. The goal is to draw out of the Wikiversity community collective and individual ideas that can be embedded at not only the forefront of the book, but into the character of Wikiversity itself.

Certification
The IBC will develop an ongoing symbolic awards program along the lines of Wikipedia's Barnstars. Although Wikiversity is not in the business of conveying degrees upon even the most accomplished learners, the intense effort and focus required to faithfully translate a text must be acknowledged. Likewise, efforts to effectively teach the art of translation should also be brought to the community's attention. It stands to reason that the real-world demand for translators will eventually discover a growing pool of qualified personnel who have honed their skills at Wikiversity.

Literacy
Because the Translation departments are tied intrinsically to the broad scope of the School:Language and Literature, the prospects for Wikiversity translations could have an impact upon global literacy. It doesn't take a Leap of Faith to believe that the so-called "smaller" languages can benefit from thoughtful and accurate translations of texts that the major language world takes for granted.

Furthermore, new arrivals to Wikiversity may discover the effects of spin-offs such as lexicons, glossaries, advanced linguistics tools, multimedia objects and innovative approaches to problem-solving. By a slight stretch of the imaginination, one may even grow to believe that an increase in interlingual dialog can help bring about international understanding and World Peace.

We'll pause there.

Resources
Directory:
 * Interlingual Beta Club
 * Translator's Handbook
 * Multilingual worksheet

 * Wikiversity translations
 * Wikiversity translations/Recruiting translators
 * Wikiversity translations/Training translators

 * Wikiversity the Movie
 * Wikiversity the Movie/multi-lingual

 * Topic:Multilingual Studies
 * Topic:Foreign Language Learning

Participants
Membership is absolutely open:
 * 1) CQ
 * 2) J.Steinbock
 * 3) Erkan Yilmaz
 * 4) Daanschr
 * 5) Julien1311 talk
 * 6) Wilimut talk
 * 7) Akhram talk
 * 8) KirbyPuckettFan talk
 * 9) Angel Paez

title: Wikiversity:Interlingual Beta Club


text:
User:Topps/Topps Test Page

Topps Test Page

Well, that was fairly simple to do.

Let's see how easy it is to do a few things. How about links to a couple of our blogs?

http://nosmeld.blogspot.com

NOSMobile

Well, that's interesting. If you just type in the URL, then it is automatically formatted. But if you use the square brackets, the link is added but the text is changed and hidden.

How about text formatting? Bold, italic,

big font
Ah, the level 2 headline actually creates a new section...kinda.

Not exactly WYSIWYG but not too hard to figure out, I guess.

title: User:Topps/Topps Test Page


text:
User:Ethologyisfun31/Evaluate an Article

Article Evaluation
 Article Topic/Selection

Brood parasites is an article surrounding the behaviour displayed by organisms who act as 'brood parasites', defining that these organisms rely on other animals to raise their own offspring. I have selected this article because I find this approach very interesting; from a resource standpoint, it does make sense as to why animals do this. Although, it seems quite rare for organisms to step away from their offspring when energy has been invested into producing them.

 Leading Paragraph

The lead of this article includes an introductory sentence that introduces the terminology and gives a fairly detailed description of what the term reflects. The leading section also provides an image/caption to the side to give a clear visual understanding of the topic. The lead does include some major sections of the article, but not others; for example it mentions the Mafia hypothesis later in the article as a major section but didn't include this term in the leading section. It could use more coverage on the major sections.

 Content

The content of this article has good examples and coverage of various situations in which brood parasitism can occur. There are smaller sections that could use more context and imagery. The content is up to date and has sources that are relatively recent.

 Tone Evaluation

The tone of the article does not appear to have any biases and does not appear to show just one single point of view; it seems to be neutral.

 Sources and references evaluation

There are a variety of sources scattered throughout (approximately 40) and each of them appear to be from reliable sources and have proper citation. The links prompt to the reference section and several of these citations lead to current sources listed under the MUN Library. The sources are thorough and they reflect the information and topic of the article.

Organization
The article is well-written. It appears concise, with an appropriate amount of detail, and contains proper grammar/spelling. The major sections are well organized and reflect the major points of the topic. The major sections should be with the leading paragraph more. The headings and subheadings within the article properly categorize difference versions of brood parasitism.

Images and Media
The images provided do correspond to the topics and examples in which correspond to them with clear captions. The article could use more imagery in the smaller portions written. The images provided have links that allow access to the page where they are located originally.

Checking the talk page
There are several conversations that ask questions related to the content and if it is relative or not. This article "is part of Wikiproject Birds and it was a Natural Sciences Good Articles nominee (but didn't end up meeting the criteria at the time.)" This discussion page is a little more specific in comparison to the discussion in class. It contains more examples.

Overall impressions
The article's overall status is C-Class and Mid-importance on the project's importance scale. The article's completeness is average; it is fairly well-developed but could use more detail and more imagery.


text:
User:BradleyMc02/sandbox

Pacifica Northwest is a fictional character, a friend of mabel pines in Gravity Falls.

Pacifica Northwest (born late 1990s – early 2000s) is the most popular girl in Gravity Falls, whose arrogance, wealth and prestige stem from her family's connection to the supposed town founder, Nathaniel Northwest. she is the voice of Jackie Buscarino.

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/gravityfalls/images/1/1c/Pacifica_Render.png/revision/latest%253Fcb%253D20150217182725&imgrefurl=http://gravityfalls.wikia.com/wiki/Pacifica_Northwest&h=1920&w=1200&tbnid=6UVSxUW_Zv-ZwM:&zoom=1&docid=ZTg-MeVxaBzXZM&ei=rLYtVb2oI4OpogSxkIDoDw&tbm=isch&ved=0CB0QMygAMAA

title: User:BradleyMc02/sandbox


text:
Kente Festival

The Kente Festival is an annual harvest festival celebrated by the chiefs and peoples of Bonwire in the Ejisu-Juaben district in the Ashanti region of Ghana. It is usually celebrated in the month of January. Others also claim it is celebrated in July or August.

Celebrations
It is celebrated to promote and mark the invention of the Kente industry in the town of Bonwire. The festival also intends to assert the influence of the Kente as cloth from Ghana. The chiefs and the inhabitants of Bonwire wear Kente clothes and various designs they sewn.

Significance
The festival is commemorated to mark the origin of the Kente cloth in the town of Bonwire which was invented over 300 years ago.

title: Kente Festival


text:
Longa (music)

A longa (pl. longae, or sometimes longe), long, quadruple note (Am.), or quadruple whole note is a musical note that could be either twice or three times as long as a breve (Am.: double whole note, or double note), four or six times as long as a semibreve (Am.: whole note), that appears in early music. The number of breves in a long was determined by the "modus" or "mode" of a passage. Sections in perfect mode used three breves to the long while sections in imperfect mode used two breves to the long. Imperfect longs, worth two breves, existed in perfect mode from the earliest sources (late 12th century), while the fourteenth century saw the introduction of perfect longs, worth three breves, in imperfect mode through the use of dots of addition (puncti additiones).

Prior to the innovations of Franco of Cologne in the mid-thirteenth century, the value of the longa was in common usage in both theoretical and practical sources but appeared primarily in pre-mensural notation ligatures, symbols representing two or more notes joined together. A ligature that began with a longa was said to lack "propriety", while ligatures ending with a longa possessed "perfection", since in the view of that era a "proper and perfect" rhythmic sequence was the succession of a brevis followed by a longa, justified by the fact that the ligature representing this rhythm is written the same way as a plainchant ligature (a different usage of the term from above). As a result, there were four possible ligature types: those beginning with a brevis and ending with a longa, which had both propriety and perfection; the reverse, which had neither; those both beginning and ending with a longa, which lacked propriety but had perfection; and those beginning and ending with a brevis, which were proper but not perfect. Two longae, rarely three, had the combined value of a maxima. The theoretical value of a maximodus perfectus could only be written with three longae or a maxima plus a longa.

Prior to 1450, the longa was typically written with a filled notehead with void (unfilled) and red noteheads used only to indicate an imperfect longa where perfect longae would otherwise be expected. Over the course of the fifteenth century, the void notehead (shown in the image above) became the norm. Unlike other rests used in [mensural notation] which, like the notes, took the same form whether perfect or imperfect, longa rests often had different forms when the rest was imperfect—filling two spaces—or perfect—filling three spaces. Although it is described as late as 1667, by this date the note symbol was of purely theoretical interest, since changes in notational practice had rendered it too extended a value for practical use.. While the longa note has not been used for more than three centuries, the longa rest still appears as a way of writing rests that last exactly four measures.

When the longa note occurs in modern notation (since it is supported by some scorewriters), it is often given the rounded notehead shape of the double whole note, looking like. In this context it is sometimes called a quadruple whole note. In LilyPond, the longa stem appears similarly to that of a half note, instead of always appearing on the right of the notehead as it does in mensural notation: this can be seen below.

title: Longa (music)


text:
Sketrick Castle

Sketrick Castle is a castle situated on Sketrick Island near Whiterock, County Down, Northern Ireland. The castle is estimated to date back to the 12th century. Sketrick Castle tower-house and the passage to spring are State Care Historic Monuments in the townland of Sketrick Island, in the Ards and North Down Borough, at grid ref: J5245 6252.

History
The castle dates from the late 12th century. In the 14th century it was acquired by Sir Robert Savage. The Annals of the Four Masters record the capture of the castle in 1470 by an army led by the O'Neill to assist the MacQuillans. They took the castle and it was given to MacQuillan for safe keeping. It was intact until 1896 when a storm demolished much of it.

Features
Sketrick Castle was originally 57 ft high, 51 ft long and 27 ft wide, four storeys high, with a boat bay and a stone subterranean passage discovered in 1957. It has lintels running under the bawn wall to a chamber with a corbel over a fresh water spring. Parts of the bawn wall still survive to the north and east of the castle.

title: Sketrick Castle


text:
Multidrug-resistant bacteria

Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR bacteria) are bacteria that are resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial drugs. MDR bacteria have seen an increase in prevalence in recent years and pose serious risks to public health. MDR bacteria can be broken into 3 main categories: Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and other (acid-stain). These bacteria employ various adaptations to avoid or mitigate the damage done by antimicrobials. With increased access to modern medicine there has been a sharp increase in the amount of antibiotics consumed. Given the abundant use of antibiotics there has been a considerable increase in the evolution of antimicrobial resistance factors, now outpacing the development of new antibiotics.

Examples identified as serious threats to public health
Examples of MDR bacteria identified as serious threats to public health include:
 * Gram-positive MDR bacteria
 * Clostridioides difficile
 * Staphylococcus aureus
 * Streptococcus pneumoniae
 * Gram-negative MDR bacteria
 * Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter
 * Escherichia coli
 * Klebsiella pneumoniae
 * Neisseria gonorrhoeae
 * Campylobacter
 * Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 * Salmonella
 * Shigella
 * Other MDR bacteria
 * Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Microbial adaptations
MDR bacteria employ a plurality of adaptations to overcome the environmental insults caused by antibiotics. Bacteria are capable of sharing these resistance factors in a process called horizontal gene transfer where resistant bacteria share genetic information that encodes resistance to the naive population.

 * Antibiotic inactivation: bacteria create proteins that can prevent damage caused by antibiotics, they can do this in two ways. First, inactivating or modifying the antibiotic so that it can no longer interact with its target. Second, degrading the antibiotic directly.
 * Multidrug efflux pumps: The use of transporter proteins to expel the antibiotic.
 * Modification of target sites: mutating or modifying elements of the bacteria structure to prevent interaction with the antibiotic.
 * Structural modifications: mutating or modifying global elements of cell to adapt to Antibiotic (Such as increased acid tolerance to an acidic antimicrobial)

Phage therapy
Bacteriophage therapy, commonly known as 'phage therapy,' uses bacteria-specific viruses to kill antibiotic resistant bacteria. Phage therapy offers considerably higher specificity as the phage can be engineered to only infect a certain bacteria species. Phage therapy also allows for the possibility of biofilm penetration in cases where antibiotics are ineffective due to the increased resistance of biofilm-forming pathogens. One major drawback to phage therapy is the evolution of phage-resistant microbes which was seen in a majority of phage therapy experiments aimed to treat sepsis and intestinal infection. Recent studies suggest that development of phage resistance comes as a trade-off for antibiotic resistance and can be used to create antibiotic-sensitive populations.

title: Multidrug-resistant bacteria


text:
Computer Architecture Lab/Winter2006/LechnerWalterStadlerTrinkl/Workplace

Design decisions
We have choose to do a RISC processor featuring a typical load/store architecture. The only powerful instructions are the load (LD) and store instructions (ST) where we focused on a single-cycle implementation. Some parts of the instructions has been inspired by the ARM architecture which has similar load/store operations. All operations can be conditional. We have chosen to use only general purpose registers where we have given the register R13 to R15 special meanings. Please not that all registers share the same location with the exception of the register R15'.

Register file of RISE processor

Notes: The Link Register R13 is updated with the value of the program counter PC + 2 if the Jump Subroutine instruction is executed. This effectively places the return address in the link register. Notes SR: The Status Register is special because is contains a lot of flags. The lower byte is used to store conditionals and the high byte is used for interrupt handling (Not implemented):

Status Register

Pipeline stages

 * Instruction fetch: Fetches instructions from program memory.
 * Instruction decode and Register fetch
 * Execution
 * Memory Access
 * Write back

Instruction decode and Argument fetch stages could probably be combined in one single stage.

Interrupt Handling (Feature)
The processor supports eight external interrupt sources INT0 to INT7. If an external interrupt pin is high the value of the interrupt source is compared with the priority level in the status register. If it is greater than or equal to the level and the global Disable Interrupt bit in the status registers is cleared an interrupt is generated.

Interrupt are only handled at the end of the currently executing instruction. If an interrupt is handled the return address is placed in the link register (LR) and the current value of the status register (SR) is copied into the backup status register (R15'). In the next step the processor loads the address stored at 0x0000 + 2*IRQ_NR into its program counter. In addition the interrupt disable flag in the status register (Bit 15) is set which disables any further interrupts. IRQ_HANDLE: st sr, [sp] add sp, #1 st r1, [sp] add sp, #1

/* do something here touching only r1*/ sub sp, #1 ld r1, [sp] sub sp, #1 ld sr, [sp]    /* Restore status register from stack. */ ldm pc, lr      /* Return from ISR with mode switch (copies backup SR (R15') to SR */

The conditional flags
Almost all instructions support the usage of conditonals. Conditionals specify if the instruction should be executed depending on the current value of the status registers. The following conditionals are supported:
 * 000b: Uncoditional:
 * 001b: NZ ( Not Equal != 0 )
 * 010b: Z ( Equal = 0)
 * 011b: C ( Carry )
 * 100b: N ( Negative < 0)
 * 101b: O ( Overflow )
 * 110b: Z, N (Zero or Negative)

Open Questions
These Questions are open and must be worked out:

 * What about interrupt support in the feature. If an interrupt occurs it must be possible to save the processor status register and the other registers on something like a stack without corrupting the other registers.

Load Immediate
The load immediate instruction loads a 8-Bit constant into the destination register. Depending upon the value of lhb (Load High Byte) the value is either stored in the high or low byte of the register. If the low byte is accessed the high byte is set to zero. Otherwise loading of small constants, which is very frequent, couldn't be done in one instruction. If the high byte is written the low byte remains unchanged.

Format of Load Immediate instruction

Semantics: If lhb(Load High Byte) is zero the value is stored in the low byte of rX. If lhb is set the value is stored in the high byte of rX. This functions does not affect the status register. For example to load ANY 16-Bit constant the following assembler code is sufficient: ld  rX, #LO8(IMM16) ; Load low byte of IMM16 into rX. ldhb rX, #HI8(IMM16) ; Load high byte of IMM16 into rX.

Syntax: ld rX, #IMM8 to load an 8-Bit immediate into rX.  ldhb rX, #IMM8 to load an 8-Bit immediate into the high byte of rX.

Load Indirect with Displacement
The Load Indirect with Displacement instruction, abbr. ld rX, rZ[rY] adds the value of rZ to the value of the register rY. The resulting address is then used to fetch the operand from memory with the result beeing stored in rX.

Format of Load Indirect with Displacement

Notes: Only the lower 2bits of rZ are encoded in the instruction. On instruction decode the value is constructed by using the value rZ prefixed by 00b. That is valid registers value for rZ are r0:r3 = 00XX. Semantics: The value of rZ is added to the value of rY. The resulting address is then used to fetch an operand from memory and the result is stored in rX. Depending upon cond the function is either conditional or not. Syntax: ld{COND} rX, rZ[rY]

Load Indirect with Displacement and Mode Switch
The Load Indirect with Displacement and Mode Switch instruction works equally to the Load Indirect with Displacement instruction. But additionally this instruction copies the backup SR (R15') into the real SR. This is needed i.e. when leaving an interrupt service routine.

Format of Load Indirect with Displacement and Mode Switch

Syntax: ldm{COND} rX, rZ[rY]

Load Indirect {with Mode Switch}
This Load Indirect function, abbr. ld{m} rX, [rY] is implemented by the Load Indirect with Displacement function by using r0 as displacement register. This functionallity is implemented into the assembler which generates a instruction for ld{m} rX, r0[rY].

Load Register Register
The Load Register with Register instruction, abbr. ld rX, rY stores the value of rY in rX.

Format of Load Register with Register

Semantics: The value of rY is copied into rX. Depending upon cond the instruction is either conditional or not. Syntax: ld{COND} rX, rY Note: Please note that the instruction format is the same as for the general instructions but because it is a load instruction is has been placed here.

Store Indirect
This Store Indirect function, abbr. st rX, [rY] is implemented by the Store Indirect with Displacement function by using r0 as displacement register. This functionallity is implemented into the assembler which generates a instruction for st rX, r0[rY].

Store Indirect with Displacement
The Store Indirect with Displacement instruction, abbr. st rX, rZ[rY] adds the value of rZ to the value of the register rZ. The resulting address is then used to store the value of rX.

Format of Store Indirect with Displacement

Notes: Only the lower 2bits of rZ are encoded in the instruction. On instruction decode the value is constructed by using the value rZ prefixed by 10b. That is valid registers value for rZ are r11:r8 = 10XX. Semantics: The value of rZ is added to the value of rY. The resulting address is then used to store the value of rX to. Depending upon cond the function is either conditional or not. Syntax: st{COND} rX, rZ[rY]

Other instructions
All other instructions are of the format shown below.

General instruction for Register-Register Operation

or

General instruction for Register-Immediate Operation

Arithmetic
All arithmetic instructions work on 16-bit signed values.

Arithmetic Instructions

Notes: Arithmetic left shift instruction seems to be redundant since the produced result doesn't differ from a logical left shift. Though we think a arithmetic left shift make sense because a logical left shift wouldn't update the overflow bit in the status register.

Logical
Logical Instructions

Program Control
Subroutine instructions

Other
Other Instructions

Tool Chain
We have ported the GNU binutils which include assembler, linker and other tools for our processor. You can get download our patch from here (patch-rise-1.5.gz). In addition some assembler source are available my here.

Installing the port (Users)
Download binutils 2.17 and unpack it into a directory. Switch to this directory and apply our patch and build the toolchain. $ tar -jxf binutils-2.17.tar.bz2 $ cd binutils-2.17 $ patch -p1 < ../patch-rise-1.3 ... $ ./configure --prefix=/opt/gcc-rise --target=rise $ make && make install

Installing the port (Developers)
The port uses CGEN as a framework for building the assembler, disassembler. Non CGEN specific parts include BFD/ELF support and Autoconf/Automake stuff but changeing them is rarely necessary. First download cgen and unpack it into a directory. Then copy the subdirectory 'cgen' into the binutils directory. Finally configure must be called with --enable-cgen-main to support updating the processor description. $ tar -jxf ../sources/cgen-20061014.tar.bz2 $ cp -Rpf src/cgen binutils-2.17 $ ./configure --prefix=/opt/gcc-rise --target=rise --enable-cgen-maint $ make && make install Now build the toolchain to test if everything worked out okay.

Adding new opcodes
In this example we are going to add a new opcode for loading an immediate value into a register to the processor. Open the file 'cpu/rise.cpu' in an editor and add the following piece of code at the end: (dni ldid "Load Indirect with Displacement"     "ld${cond1} $dr,$dr2[$sr]"   (+ OPC_3_LD_IN_DISP cond1 dr2 dr sr )   (nop)    ) The second line is the assembler syntax and the third list is the actual encoding of the instruction. cond1, $dr, %dr2 and $sr are defined as operands in rise.cpu. OPC_3 is defined as an enum type. If you have finished updating the CPU file change to the opcode directory and call 'make stamp-rise'. This calls CGEN and rebuilds the input source files for the GNU assembler. $ make stamp-rise ... Generating rise desc.h ... Generating rise desc.c ... Generating rise-opc.h ... Generating rise-opc.c ... Generating rise-ibld.in ... Generating rise-asm.in ... Generating rise-dis.in ... Generating rise-opinst.c ... touch stamp-rise make[1]: Leaving directory `binutils-2.17/opcodes' $ Now switch to the top-level directory and rebuild the tools. You can test the new tools without installing them by calling 'gas/as-new' and 'binutils/objdump'.

Common problems

 * Changes in the BFD (e.g. archures.c) subdirectory require calling 'make headers' within this directory.
 * If you get an error like .././opcodes/cgen.sh: line 96: guile: command not found during make stamp-rise you have to install guile.

Using it
You can test the port with the following assembler source code. .text ld     r5,addrlo(stack) ldhb   r5,addrhi(stack)

/* an absolute call. */   ld      r2,addrlo(func1) ldhb   r2,addrhi(func1) ld     pc, r2

/* a PC relative call. */   ld      r2, #( ( 1f - func2 ) & 0xFF ) ldhb   r2, #( ( ( 1f - func2 ) >> 8 ) & 0xFF ) /* store return address in link register */ ld     lr, #(1f + 0x02) 1:   ld      pc, r2[pc]

nop

func1: ld     pc, lr

func2: ld     pc, lr The source file must then be compiled by the assembler rise-as and liked with rise-ld to resolve the symbols. This is done with the following steps: $ rise-as simple.s -o simple.o $ rise-ld simple.o -o simple The result can then be disassembling again by calling rise-objdump. $ ./binutils/objdump -d demo.o

demo.o:    file format elf32-rise

Disassembly of section .text:

00000000 : 0:  85 00           ld R5,#0x0 2:  8d 00           ldhb R5,#0x0 4:  80 12           ld R0,#0x12 6:  88 00           ldhb R0,#0x0 8:  10 38           ld R7,R0 a:  80 fa           ld R0,#0xfa c:  88 ff           ldhb R0,#0xff e:  a1 c7           ld R7,R0[R7] ...

00000012 : 12:   10 3e           ld R7,R6

00000014 : 14:   10 3e           ld R7,R6 $

Another demo program for testing the compiler:

.text /* an absolute call. */   ld      r2,addrlo(func1) ldhb   r2,addrhi(func1) jmp    r2

nop nop

/* a PC relative call. */   ld      r2, #( ( func2 - 1f ) & 0xFF ) ldhb   r2, #( ( ( func2 - 1f ) >> 8 ) & 0xFF )

/* store return address in link register */ ld     lr, #(1f + 0x02) 1:   ld      pc, r2[pc]

nop

/* arithmetic test block */ func1: /* add r1 with Immediate 0x03 */ add    r1,#03 ars	   r2,r1 neg	   r3,r2 /* add if r3 negative */ addn   r3,r2 ars    r4,r3 /* sub if r4 not zero */ subnz  r4,#01 neg    r4,r4 sub    r2,r4 ld     pc, lr

/* logical test block */ func2: and    r1,r2 /* not if overflow */ noto   r2,r1 ld     r3,#03 tst    r2    /* right shift if zero or negative */ rszn   r2,r3 eor    r3,r2 ld     r4,#64 tst    r3    eorz    r3,r4 ld     r5,#01 ls     r3,r5 ld     pc, lr

Port Details
The following files have been modified for this port to work:

BFD specific parts
A BFD ELF backend is required for storing object files on the disc. In additions it handles all the low levels stuff like relocations, ...

 * bfd/aclocal.m4, bfd/configure, bfd/doc/Makefile.in, bfd/Makefile.in, bfd/po/Makefile.in, bfd/config.h, bfd/targmatch.h, bfd/elf32-target.h: Autogenerated
 * bfd/configure.in: Add support for or --target=rise.
 * bfd/config.bfd: Add target vector
 * bfd/cpu-rise.c: CPU architecture and name
 * bfd/elf32-rise.c: ELF specific stuff for the architecture.
 * bfd/targets.c: Architecture vector.
 * bfd/Makefile.am: Add sources and dependencies for compilation.
 * bfd/reloc.c: Add support for relocations (Used by high/low bytes of 16-bit addresses).
 * bfd/archures.c: Architecture declaration
 * bfd/bfd.h bfd/bfd-in2.h bfd/bfd-in3.h bfd/bfdver.h: autogenerated by calling make headers in BFD.
 * include/elf/common.h
 * include/elf/rise.h

CGEN/CPU specific parts
This defines the types of instructions and how they are encoded.
 * opcodes/aclocal.m4, opcodes/configure, opcodes/configure.in, opcodes/Makefile.in, opcodes/po/Makefile.in: Autogenerated
 * opcodes/Makefile.am: Add support for our target.
 * opcodes/disassemble.c: Call disassemble function for our target.
 * cpu/rise.cpu: CPU description - Most important file. Add new instructions here.
 * cpu/rise.opc: Special handling/parsing for opcodes.
 * include/dis-asm.h: Prototype for disassemble function.
 * opcodes/rise-asm.c opcodes/rise-desc.c opcodes/rise-desc.h opcodes/rise-dis.c opcodes/rise-ibld.c opcodes/rise-opc.c opcodes/rise-opc.h opcodes/rise-opinst.c: Auto generated by CGEN from rise.cpu and rise.opc for our CPU.

GNU assembler specific parts

 * gas/aclocal.m4, gas/configure: Autogenerated
 * gas/configure.in: Add support for or --target=rise.
 * gas/configure.tgt: Add the cpu and the generic target. Define the endianness and the BFD format.
 * gas/Makefile.am: Add sources.
 * gas/config/tc-rise.c: Special assembler handling for our target and CGEN setup.
 * gas/config/tc-rise.h: Defines for our target.
 * gas/config/tc-rise.h: Defines for our target.

GNU ld

 * ld/aclocal.m4, ld/Makefile.in
 * ld/configure.tgt
 * ld/Makefile.am
 * ld/emulparams/riseelf.sh: Generates a linker script for our target.

Other parts

 * binutils/readelf.c: Support for disassembling ELF objects for our target.
 * bootstrap.sh
 * config.sub, configure


text:
2019–20 Western Michigan Broncos men's basketball team

The 2019–20 Western Michigan Broncos men's basketball team represented Western Michigan University during the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Broncos were led by 17th-year head coach Steve Hawkins, and played their home games at University Arena in Kalamazoo, MI as members of the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the season 13–19, 6–12 in MAC play to finish in a tie for fifth place in the West Division. They lost in the first round of the MAC tournament to Toledo.

Previous season
The Broncos finished the 2018–19 season 8–24 overall, 2–16 in MAC play to finish in last place in the West Division. As the No. 12 seed in the MAC tournament, they lost in the first round to Central Michigan.

Schedule and results
!colspan=9 style=|Exhibition

!colspan=9 style=|Non-conference regular season

!colspan=9 style=| MAC regular season

!colspan=9 style=| MAC tournament

 * Source:


text:
User:Aennis15/Evaluate an Article

Evaluate an article.

 * Name of article: Fish Migration
 * Link: Fish migration

The article chosen for this evaluation is called Fish Migration. The Wikipedia page is rated a C-Class article and has a high importance on the wiki projects. The talk section is pretty detailed and the conversations throughout the section are productive. The talk section is a little bit out dated as it was last updated October 2017. Reading through the article there is a decent amount of content. The Wikipedia page has a pretty detailed lead section that gave a good break down of the topic. The article is well organized, the structure is pretty clear and balanced with a few different headings however adding different types of subheading might improve the structure and clarity of the Wikipedia page. The tone is somewhat neutral, however there are some instances in the article the author will use words such as “the most remarkable...” or “this maybe important...” and “they often make great...” which does not express a very neutral point of you and these statement shout be adjusted. The sources for the fish migration article were a little bit underdeveloped. There was a lack of citation in the lead section and a low amount of citation throughout the Wikipedia page especially considering the amount of information in the article. Overall the article was decent however it needed improvement with the tone, sourcing and organization of the content.

title: User:Aennis15/Evaluate an Article


text:
Talk:Dave Dictor

Untitled
I bet he's bi. He's got a son, you know... --Larrybob (talk) 00:35, 9 February 2009 (UTC)
 * in this interview he answers the question "are you gay" with "I have stood with gay people, lived with gay people, answered yes or ambiguously when asked for years... but I truly find that I am attracted to the body smell and touch of females. I have worn women’s clothes at various points of my life. Maybe a transvestite of sorts but actually not gay." http://www.markprindle.com/dictor-i.htm --Larrybob (talk) 00:35, 9 February 2009 (UTC)
 * In this WFMU radio interview Dictor talks at length about his sexuality and refers to MDC as queer punk: http://www.wfmu.org/playlists/shows/67385 --Mozucat (talk) 21:34, 7 July 2016 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Dictor.jpg
Image:Dictor.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 21:49, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Vegetarian?
I've heard from various sources (including the Millions of Dead Children EP) that he's a vegetarian. The insert clearly told viewers to "drop out of meat culture," adding that various philosophers were vegetarian, and that they should follow their models. It seems weak, but I googled it quickly to find out if he's veg. Some claim it, but they're unreliable. Does anyone have a source explicably stating he's veg?Groar! (talk) 19:59, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

I think for a time, he had some sort of veggie snack bar in the Bay Area. Tim Yo mentioned it either in MRR or on the radio (if it was in the mag, then there would be our source), but alas Tim is gone. I think maybe the album's 'thank you list' on that record with The Last Supper on the cover gives thanx to someone that helped him out with that snack bar. I know this doesn't help but maybe it would jog some memories out there.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:51, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

Date of Birth
In this edit the recorded date of birth was changed. I have no idea whether this edit is correct - would someone please check and correct if necessary? EdChem (talk) 07:31, 7 May 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dave Dictor


text:
Matilda (ship)

Several vessels have borne the name Matilda:
 * Matilda was a ship built in France and launched in 1779. She first appears in British records in 1790 as a whaling ship and transported convicts to Australia in 1791; she wrecked in 1792.
 * Matilda was launched at Calcutta in 1803. She spent most of her career in private trade in India or in trading between England and India. She participated in the British invasion of Java (1811) and made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC). She grounded and was wrecked in March 1822.
 * Matilda was an American privateer schooner out of Philadelphia that the British letter of marque Lion captured in July 1813, that the American privateer Argus recaptured, that HMS Revolutionnaire (1794) recaptured, and that the American privateer  General Armstrong again recaptured
 * HMS Esk (1813) was a Cyrus-class ship-sloop launched at Ipswich in 1813. During the War of 1812 she captured one United States privateer, and fought an inconclusive action with another. Between 1825 and 1827 Esk was part of the West Africa Squadron, engaged in suppressing the trans-Atlantic slave trade, during which period she captured a number of slave ships. A prize she had taken also engaged in a notable single ship action. The Royal Navy sold Esk in 1829. Green, Wigram, and Green purchased her and between 1829 and 1845 she made four voyages in the British southern whale fishery as the whaler Matilda.

title: Matilda (ship)


text:
Cómplices Al Rescate

Cómplices Al Rescate (English: Accomplices to the Rescue) is a Mexican children's-teen telenovela produced by Rosy Ocampo for Televisa. It premiered on January 7, 2002, and ended on July 12, 2002.

Belinda starred as child protagonist, playing the twins Silvana and Mariana, being replaced by Daniela Luján, in chapter 92. Laura Flores and Francisco Gattorno play the adult protagonists of the plot, while Cecilia Gabriela and Raúl Magaña starred as adult antagonists. Grisel Margarita and Mickey Santana starred as child antagonists.

Plot
Mariana Cantú and Silvana Del Valle are twin sisters who were separated on the day of their birth. Mariana stayed with her biological mother, a modest seamstress named Rocio Cantu, her grandmother Doña Pura and her aunt Helena who, despite having all the difficulties, are very united and happy. Mariana is a noble, sweet, cheerful and much loved girl throughout the village. Meanwhile, Silvana is stolen by Regina to pose as her own daughter with her husband Rolando, who Silvana grows up believing is her biological father, as she cannot have children herself in order to keep him and his money at her side. Orlando loves his daughter deeply despite Silvana's strong temperament. She is also superficial and cold.

After 12 years, the twins meet again, and they see the uncanny resemblance between them. Silvana asks Mariana to switch places with her for a day so that she can audition as Silvana and get a part in a famous upcoming children's band called "Cómplices al Rescate", as Mariana can sing well and Silvana cannot sing at all. A while later, Silvana's "father" Rolando's heart illness becomes worse and he eventually suffers a stroke, which leaves him in the hospital. Regina, thinking Rolando has left all his money to her in his will, sees this as an opportunity to kill Rolando and have what she's always wanted, his fortune. Regina tells a weak Rolando that Silvana is not his biological daughter and that she has only been with him for his money the entire marriage. This angers Rolando, who then tries to get up and hurt Regina but ends up suffering another heart attack and dies on the scene.

Regina is then informed that Rolando had changed his will at the last minute, seeing as how she was always cold and never a real mother to Silvana, and left all the money to Silvana, leaving her nanny, Macrina and her godfather, Raul, in charge of the fortune until Silvana turns eighteen. This infuriates Regina, who then realizes that the twins have met and uses this as an opportunity to get the inheritance back under her name and remain rich. Regina and Gerardo then decide to kidnap Mariana too and force her to pose as Silvana, seeing as how she is actually able to sing, with the intention of making a fortune off of the Complices band and eventually, get back the inheritance. Macrina is now in charge of Mariana, and sees how Mariana is becoming friends with the Complices. She tells Mariana that perhaps the Complices will be able to help. Mariana opens up to Joaquin, Julia, Felipe and Andres, who agree to help return both twins to their mother.

Throughout the series they meet people like Joaquin and his siblings. Joaquin is an orphan along with his sister Julia and his brother Felipe. Their parents died in a car accident and the kids were left in the care of his aunt Florencia, who later gets tired of them and abandons them. With the help of their friend and neighbor Andres (who is secretly in love with Julia) and his parents, these kids can keep living alone in the home. This becomes their biggest secret, one they must keep at all costs from the world, especially their neighbor Doña Meche, who becomes obsessed with proving that the children live alone.

The twins are returned to Rocio, who is shocked to find out she truly did have twins as she suspected throughout her entire pregnancy. But being from a small, humble town, she was unable to get any sort of ultrasound done. Shortly after, Alberto asks Rocio to marry him. She accepts and the two wed. When the truth about what Regina and Gerardo did comes to light, Gerardo flees and Regina fakes her own death. Rocio and her family move into Silvana's adopted father mansion, which she had unknowingly inherited after his death.

This is where the second half of the story commences. While Silvana was posing as Mariana, she realized that Rocio really wasn't aware that she had twins and did not give her up shortly after her birth. This helps Silvana unlock her singing voice and allows her to sing as beautifully as Mariana. The two twins now begin singing together as the lead vocalists of the Complices. Regina comes back at this point under the alias Tania Belmont to take her revenge on Silvana. This becomes the main focus of the second half of the telenovela.

"Tania" opens up a new record label, Enter Records with the intent of starting a new band to destroy the Complices and get Silvana on her label so that she can gain her trust and get back Rolando's fortune. Tania offers Silvana a recording contract as the one and only vocalist of a new band she calls Silvana y los Bandidos (Silvana and the Bandits). Silvana accepts, leaving Mariana heartbroken and the other Complices hurting.

Main

 * Laura Flores as Rocío Cantú
 * Francisco Gattorno as Alberto del Río
 * Belinda as Mariana Cantú and Silvana del Valle Ontiveros (episodes 1–91)
 * Daniela Luján as Mariana Cantú and Silvana del Valle Ontiveros (episodes 92–132)
 * Norma Herrera as Doña Pura
 * Johnny Lozada as Sebastián
 * Gustavo Rojo as Dr. Federico Rueda
 * Cecilia Gabriela as Regina Ontiveros Vda. del Valle/Tania Velmont
 * Silvia Lomelí as Helena Cantú
 * Maribel Fernández as Macrina Bautista
 * Raúl Magaña as Gerardo Ontiveros
 * Miguel Pizarro as Vicente Rosales
 * Ramiro Torres as Ramón
 * Alejandro Speitzer as Felipe Olmos
 * Mickey Santana as Omar Contreras
 * Grisel Margarita as Priscila Ricco Ontiveros
 * Martha Sabrina as Julia Olmos
 * Geraldine Galván as Doris Torres
 * Vadhir Derbez as Andrés Rosales
 * Isaac Castro as Mateo Torres
 * Ana Valeria as Dulce Rosales
 * Fabián Chávez as Joaquín Olmos
 * Rafael del Villar as Dr. Raúl Olivo
 * Rossana San Juan as Lorna Rico
 * Adriana Chapela as Alicia
 * Arlette Pacheco as Florencia
 * Gerardo Albarrán as Arturo Vargas
 * Carlos Bonavides as Ofelio
 * Martín Ricca as Martín
 * Naydelin Navarrete as Naydelin Mendoza
 * Roberto Marín as Roberto Obregón
 * Olivia Bucio as Marcela
 * Raúl Buenfil as Jaime Obregón
 * Francisco Avendaño as Héctor
 * Adriana Laffan as Lourdes "Lulu" Mendoza
 * Patricia Martínez as María Contreras
 * Héctor Parra as Santiago Salas
 * Eugenio Derbez as Mantequilla's voice

Recurring

 * Pedro Weber "Chatanuga" as Don Giuseppe
 * Aida Pierce as Biba Solasi
 * Paco Ibáñez as Fortunato Ricco
 * Irina Areu as María Eugenia "Maru"
 * Roberto "Puck" Miranda as Damián
 * Verónica Macías as Clarita (episodes 1–20)
 * Yolanda Ventura as Clarita (episodes 21–104)
 * Orlando Miguel as Pepe (episodes 1–54)
 * Uberto Bondoni as Pepe (episodes 55–102)
 * Miguel Priego as Father Arango
 * Joana Brito as Doña Meche
 * Miguel Ángel Fuentes as El Sombras
 * Mariana Sánchez as Mrs. Yoli
 * Leonardo Trevole as El Trampas
 * Gerardo Albarrán as Arturo Vargas
 * Esteban Franco as Herminio
 * Benjamín Islas as El Navajas
 * Ana Silvia Contreras as Lolita
 * Sergio Acosta as Joel Contreras
 * Mónica Dossetti as Sonia
 * Óscar Traven as Sr. Torres
 * Alejandro Aragón as Luis Torres
 * Ricardo Vera as Comandante Malpica
 * Arturo Vázquez as Antonio
 * Agustín Arana as Rodolfo García
 * Gerardo Gallardo as Tijerino
 * Dalilah Polanco as Nina Kuti Kuti

Guest stars

 * Manuel Saval as Rolando del Valle
 * Polly as Maestra Glafira
 * Jacqueline Bracamontes as Jocelyn

Soundtracks

 * Cómplices Al Rescate: Silvana
 * Cómplices Al Rescate: Mariana
 * Cómplices Al Rescate: El Gran Final
 * Canta con Cómplices Al Rescate

title: Cómplices Al Rescate


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Majid Behbudov

Majid Behbudali oghlu Behbudov (Behbudov Məcid Behbudalı oğlu, 18 April 1873 — 6 September 1945) is an Azerbaijani khananda.

Biography
Majid Behbudov was born on April 18, 1873, in Shusha. According to Jalil bey Bagdadbeyov, he started singing in 1904. He had previously sung with tar player Tatevos and kamancha player Makich in the Karabakh and Ganja assemblies, and later in the villages and towns of the Caucasus. Majid Behbudov sang for many years with tar players Mashadi Zeynal, Rzabala and kamancha player Ruben Garakhanov at the Dvoryansky Club in Tbilisi. In 1910, the "Gramophone" Company invited the khananda to Riga to record his voice. He was considered a skilful performer of Mirza Husein sigah, Shushtar and Chahargah mughams and many folk songs. M.Behbudov also performed in musical performances, had concerts in Tabriz, Istanbul and Sofia.

Majid Behbudov also contributed to the development of opera theater in Azerbaijan. He played the role of Khosrov in Sasha Oganezashvili's opera "Farhad and Shirin" in 1911. Majid Behbudov also performed in Uzeyir Hajibeyov's operas and operettas, and in Mashadi Jamil Amirov's opera "Seyfal-Mulk".

The khananda died on September 6, 1945, in Qazax.

Family

 * Husband of Firuza Vakilova.
 * Father of Rashid Behbudov, Anvar Behbudov and Najiba Behbudova.

title: Majid Behbudov


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Talk:Rite Time

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Contemporary reviews
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title: Talk:Rite Time