text:
Old Havana

Old Havana (La Habana Vieja) is the city-center (downtown) and one of the 15 municipalities (or boroughs) forming Havana, Cuba. It has the second highest population density in the city and contains the core of the original city of Havana. The positions of the original Havana city walls are the modern boundaries of Old Havana.

In 1982, Old Havana was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List, because of its unique Baroque and neoclassical architecture, its fortifications, and its historical importance as a stop on the route to the New World. A safeguarding campaign was launched a year later to restore the authentic character of the buildings.

History
Havana was founded by the Spanish November 16, 1519 in the natural harbor of the Bay of Havana. It became a stopping point for the treasure laden Spanish galleons on the crossing between the New World and the Old World. In the 17th century, it was one of the main shipbuilding centers. The city was built in baroque and neoclassical styles. Many buildings have fallen into ruin in the latter half of the 20th century, but a number are being restored. The narrow streets of Old Havana contain many buildings, accounting for perhaps as many as one-third of the approximately 3,000 buildings found in Old Havana. It is the ancient city formed from the port, the official center and the Plaza de Armas.

In 1555, Old Havana was destroyed by the French corsair Jacques de Sores. The pirate had taken Havana easily, overpowering the few defenders, plundering the city, and burning much of it to the ground, but he left without obtaining the enormous wealth that he had been hoping to find there. After the incident, the Spanish brought soldiers into the city and built fortresses and walls to protect it. Construction of Castillo de la Real Fuerza, the first fortress built, was begun in 1558, and was overseen by engineer Bartolomé Sanchez. Old Havana resembles Cádiz and Tenerife. Alejo Carpentier called it "de las columnas"(of the columns), but it could also be named for the gateways, the revoco, the deterioration and the rescue, the intimacy, the shade, the cool, the courtyards... In her there are all the big ancient monuments, the forts, the convents and churches, the palaces, the alleys, the arcade, the human density. The Cuban State had undertaken enormous efforts to preserve and to restore Old Havana through the efforts of the Office of the Historian of the City, which was directed by Eusebio Leal. The restoration effort successfully transformed Old Havana into a tourist attraction, and also resulted in Leal becoming recognized as Old Havana's de facto Mayor.

Main sights

 * The Malecón is the avenue that runs along the seawall at the northern shore of Havana, from Old Havana to the Almendares River.
 * The Paseo del Prado, Havana is the street that forms the western edge of Old Havana, being its boundary with Centro Habana.
 * Castillo del Morro, a picturesque fortress guarding the entrance to Havana bay. The construction of the castle Los Tres Reyes del Morro owed to the step along in Havana of the English pirate Sir Francis Drake. The king of Spain arranged its construction on a big stone which was known by the name of El Morro. He sent the field master Juan de Texeda, accompanied by the military engineer Battista Antonelli, who came to Havana in 1587 and began the task at once.
 * La Cabaña fortress, located on the east side of the Havana Bay. It impresses with its 18th-century walls, constructed at the same time as El Morro. Every night at 9 p.m., soldiers dressed in uniforms of the era shoot from here, the “el cañonazo de las nueve”, (gunshot of the nine). It goes off every day, to warn of the closing of the doors of the wall that surrounded the city.
 * San Salvador de la Punta Fortress, On the shore opposite to the Castle of El Morro, at the beginning of the curve of El Malecon, rises the fortress of San Salvador de la Punta. It was constructed in 1590, and in 1629 the Chapter of Havana decided that to defend better the port, to join it, at night, with the El Morro by using a thick chain that prevented the entry of enemy ships.
 * Castillo de la Real Fuerza, The fortress or (lit.) Castle of the Royal Army is another big monument that closes the Plaza de las Armas. It was the first big fortification of the city, initiated in 1558 on the ruins of an ancient fortress. In the same year, the Crown sent to Cuba the engineer Bartolomé Sanchez, supervised by 14 official and main stonemasons in order to reconstruct the castle, which had been set fire and destroyed by the French corsair Jacques de Sores.
 * Catedral de San Cristóbal, the most prominent building on the Plaza de la Catedral. The cathedral was raised on the chapel after 1748 by order of the bishop from Salamanca, Jose Felipe de Trespalacios. It is one of the most beautiful and sober churches of the American baroque.
 * National Capitol, styled after the Panthéon (Paris), looking similar to the U.S. Capitol.
 * Galician Center, Central Park, The Galician Center, of neobarroque style was established as a social club of the Galician emigrants between 1907 and 1914. Built on the Theater Tacon (nowadays Great Theater of Havana), it was open during the Carnival of 1838 with five masked dances.
 * Plaza de Armas – the main touristic square. The origin of its name is military, since from the end of the 16th century the ceremonies and the military events took place here.
 * Gran Teatro de la Havana, the Great Theater of Havana is famous, particularly for the acclaimed National Ballet of Cuba and its founder Alicia Alonso. It sometimes performs the National Opera. The theater is also known as concert hall, Garcia Lorca, the biggest in Cuba.
 * The Museum of the Revolution, located in the former Presidential Palace, with the boat Granma on display in front of the museum.
 * San Francisco de la Habana Basilica, Habana Vieja, The set of church and convent of San Francisco de Asis, built in the year 1608 and reconstructed in 1737.

Threats
In 2008, Hurricane Ike destroyed many structures in Old Havana, overturning years of conservation work directed at the iconic antiquated buildings of the area. Not only did it damage historic buildings, but it forced many of Old Havana's residents to flee for safety. The threats that hurricanes pose adds to an already tenuous state for Old Havana's many historic buildings. Age, decay, and neglect combine with natural factors in a complex set of threats to the long-term preservation of this historic old town.

Twin towns – sister cities
Old Havana is twinned with the following cities:
 * 🇪🇸 Viveiro, Spain
 * 🇨🇴 Cartagena, Colombia
 * 🇲🇽 Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
 * Sintra, Portugal

title: Old Havana


text:
Clean Break (theatre company)

Clean Break is a women's theatre company based in London, focused on telling the stories of imprisoned women.

History
Clean Break was started in 1979 by prisoners at HMP Askham Grange, who expanded the prison's annual Christmas show into Efemera, a two-hour show about prison life. It was later performed for a two-night run at York Arts Centre, which made its 21 cast members the first British prisoners to perform onstage outside of a prison. Upon their release, founders Jenny Hicks and Jackie Holboroug formed the theatre company, Clean Break, in order to tell the stories of women in prison.

In 1998 the company moved from its base in Camden to a refurbished building in Kentish Town.

Productions
Productions include Sam Holcroft's Dancing Bears at the Soho Theatre, Little on the inside by Alice Birch at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2014, and Pests by Vivienne Franzmann (a co-production with Royal Court Theatre and Royal Exchange Theatre).

 [BLANK], a play by Alice Birch, premiered at the Donmar Warehouse in October 2019.

In 2019 Inside Bitch was performed at Theatre Upstairs at The Royal Court Theatre.

In 2021, Typical Girls by Morgan Lloyd Malcolm ran at Sheffield Theatres, and in 2022 Favour by Ambreen Razia premiered at Bush Theatre.

Clean Break's first co-production with the National Theatre, Dixon and Daughters by Deborah Bruce, premiered in April 2023.

Residencies
The company also organises residencies in women's prisons in the UK, using directors, playwrights, and actors to work with women in prison to create their own work.

The playwright Lucy Kirkwood was writer in residence at Clean Break in 2015.

Recognition
Clean Break trustee Alice Millest was named Young Board Member of the Year at the 2014 Arts & Business Awards.

Clean Break were shortlisted for the Guardian Charity of the Year Awards in 2014 and received a Highly Commended Award from the Longford Trust.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Clean Break (theatre company)


text:
NaijaHacks

NaijaHacks is a hackathon and tech invention competition in Nigerian, which aims to encourage youth to use technology to create solutions for their communities and the world using technologies including blockchain and artificial intelligence. Officially, NaijaHacks is described as an official national "Movement of Makers, Leaders, and Disruptors".

Founded in 2018 by software engineer Uchi Uchibeke (formerly of Shopify and founder of AfricaHacks),  NaijaHacks is Africa's largest hackathon. NaijaHacks is inspired by Uchi's experience attending Major League Hacking and other hackathons at Stanford, Harvard, Princeton and others.

In 2018, NaijaHacks had 500 participants with 100 projects, and in 2019 NaijaHacks became the largest hackathon in Africa with over 200 projects submitted.

NaijaHacks 2018
In 2018, NaijaHacks started virtually and culminated in an expo-style demo day and award ceremony at Zone Tech Park, Lagos, Nigeria.

NaijaHacks 2019
The 2019 NaijaHacks included a Keynote Speech by Chude Jideonwo and culminated in a demo day at Zone Tech Park, Lagos, Nigeria. 200+ projects were submitted with 14 of the projects transformed from hackathon idea to startup by AfricaHacks, also founded by Uchi Uchibeke.

Processes at NaijaHacks include:

 * Application
 * Team formation
 * Building
 * Submission
 * Live demo day

title: NaijaHacks


text:
Storyboard Artwork Project/Stamps

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" Completed Rubber Stamps for Tux Paint created for the : Storyboard Artwork Project
 * colspan="2" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid Sienna; background-color:Cornsilk;" |

Completed Rubber Stamps

 * Below are completed rubber stamps for use in Tux Paint. Click on the picture to see the full sized image.

 * The images below are only minatures for faster loading. Click on the picture to see the actual rubber stamp.

 * To use any of these free Tux Paint stamps in Tux Paint, simply copy the picture file to the correct folder in Tux Paint.

Except as marked, all "Rubber Stamp" images have been submitted under the GNU Open Source Document License
 * }

title: Storyboard Artwork Project/Stamps


text:
User:Amitpahadiper/sandbox

born- 17 August,1995 10th HSV HIGH WC SCHHOL JAPLA 12TH SBS INTER COLLEGE JAPLA GRADUATION- AKS COLLAGE JAPAL FROM- NPU,MEDANINAGAR

title: User:Amitpahadiper/sandbox


text:
User:Harjot Bhandol/sandbox

= EOSC475 (LINK TO AUREOUMBRA ARTICLE: User:Nexick82/sandbox =

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Assignment 5(MICB301)

Chemoattractants and chemorepellents
Chemoattractants and chemorepellents are inorganic or organic substances possessing chemotaxis-inducer effect in motile cells. These chemotactic ligands create chemical concentration gradients that organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic, move toward or away from, respectively. Effects of chemoattractants are elicited via chemoreceptors such as methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCP). MCPs in E.coli include Tar, Tsr, Trg and Tap. Chemoattracttants to Trg include ribose and galactose with phenol as a chemorepellent. Tap and Tsr recognize dipeptides and serine as chemoattractants, respectively.

Chemoattractants or chemorepellents bind MCPs at its extracellular domain; an intracellular signaling domain relays the changes in concentration of these chemotactic ligands to downstream proteins like that of CheA which then relays this signal to flagellar motors via phosphorylated CheY (CheY-P). CheY-P can then control flagellar rotation influencing the direction of cell motility.

For E.coli, S. meliloti, and R. spheroids, the binding of chemoattractants to MCPs inhibit CheA and therefore CheY-P activity, resulting in smooth runs, but for B. substilis, CheA activity increases. Methylation events in E.coli cause MCPs to have lower affinity to chemoattractants which causes increased activity of CheA and CheY-P resulting in tumbles. In this way cells are able to adapt to the immediate chemoattractant concentration and detect further changes to modulate cell motility.

Chemoattractants in eukaryotes are well characterized for immune cells. Formyl peptides, such as N-formylmethioninyl, attract leukocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages, causing movement toward infection sites. . Non-acylated methioninyl peptides do not act as chemoattractants to neutrophils and macrophages. Leukocytes also move toward chemoattractants C5a, a complement component, and pathogen-specific ligands on bacteria.

Mechanisms concerning chemorepellents are less known than chemoattractants. Although chemorepellents work to confer an avoidance response in organisms, Tetrahymena thermophila adapt to a chemorepellent, Netrin-1 peptide, within 10 minutes of exposure; however, exposure to chemorepellents such as GTP, PACAP-38, and nociceptin show no such adaptations. . GTP and ATP are chemorepellents in micro-molar concentrations to both Tetrahymena and Paramecium. These organisms avoid these molecules by producing avoiding reactions to re-orient themselves away from the gradient. . Harjot Bhandol (talk) 23:35, 19 November 2017 (UTC)

ASSIGNMENT 3

Original - Chemotaxis

Chemoattractants and chemorepellents
Chemoattractants and chemorepellents are inorganic or organic substances possessing chemotaxis-inducer effect in motile cells. Effects of chemoattractants are elicited via described or hypothetic chemotaxis receptors, the chemoattractant moiety of a ligand is target cell specific and concentration dependent. Most frequently investigated chemoattractants are formyl peptides and chemokines. Responses to chemorepellents result in axial swimming and they are considered a basic motile phenomena in bacteria. The most frequently investigated chemorepellents are inorganic salts, amino acids, and some chemokines

Edit - Chemotaxis

Chemoattractants and chemorepellents
Chemoattractants and chemorepellents are inorganic or organic substances possessing chemotaxis-inducer effect in motile cells. Chemoattractants and chemorepellents create chemical concentration gradients that organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic, move toward or away from, respectively. Effects of chemoattractants are elicited via described or hypothetic chemotaxis receptors, the chemoattractant moiety of a ligand is target cell specific and concentration dependent. Chemoattractants include formyl peptides, such as N-formylmethioninyl peptides which attract leukocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages, and chemokines such as CXCL8 which is secreted by macrophages and acts to recruit neutrophils to the site of infection. . Non-acylated methioninyl peptides do not act as chemoattractants to neutrophils and macrophages. Leukocytes also move toward chemoattractants C5a, a complement component, and ligands on bacteria. For Escherichia coli, chemoattractants include amino acids such as serine and aspartic acid, and carbohydrates such as ribose and galactose. Responses to chemotactic ligands in E.coli may result in axial swimming or tumbling.

Although chemorepellents work to confer an avoidance response in organisms, Tetrahymena thermophila adapt to a chemorepellent, Netrin-1 peptide, within 10 minutes of exposure; however, exposure to chemorepellents such as GTP, a triphosphate nucleoside, PACAP-38, a peptide, and nociceptin, a neuropeptide, show no such adaptations. . GTP and ATP are chemorepellents in micro-molar concentrations to both Tetrahymena and Paramecium. These organisms avoid these molecules by producing avoiding reactions to re-orient themselves away from the gradient. . Harjot Bhandol (talk) 17:55, 8 October 2017 (UTC)

title: User:Harjot Bhandol/sandbox


text:
Vera Mukhina

Vera Ignatyevna Mukhina (Ве́ра Игна́тьевна Му́хина; Vera Moukhina; 1 July 1889 – 6 October 1953) was a prominent Soviet sculptor and painter. She was nicknamed "the queen of Soviet sculpture". She was one of the members of the art association ‘The Four Arts’, which existed in Moscow and Leningrad in 1924-1931.

Biography
Mukhina was born 1889 in Riga, Russian Empire into a wealthy merchant family, and lived at 23/25 Turgeneva Street, where a memorial plaque has now been placed. Mukhina's ancestors lived in Riga after the Patriotic War of 1812. The family was well-to-do: in 1937 Mukhina inherited 4 million lats from her grandfather. She spent her childhood and youth (1892-1904) in Feodosia where her father took her considering his daughter's health (Vera was two years old when her mother died of tuberculosis). In Feodosia the future artist received her first drawing and painting lessons. She lived there until 1904 when her father died. Mukhina and her older sister Maria were sheltered by uncles and aunts who lived in Kursk, where Mukhina went to high school which she graduated from with honors.

On Christmas day of 1912 when Mukhina was staying at her uncle's place in the Smolensk province, she had an accident. While sledding down a hill, she crashed into a tree and her nose was severed by a twig. She had a surgery in hospital in Smolensk but the scars remained on her face for good. Moreover, her girlish delicate face looked very different after eight subsequent plastic surgeries carried out by French surgeons. It acquired a masculine look with rough and strong-willed features. This accident had a tremendous effect on Mukhina’s life and her future career.

She later moved to Moscow, where she studied at several private art schools, including those of Konstantin Yuon and Ilya Mashkov. In 1912 she traveled to Paris, where she attended the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, the Académie de La Palette under Henri Le Fauconnier and Jean Metzinger, and took lessons from Antoine Bourdelle at the same time. She subsequently continued on to Italy to explore the painting and sculpture of the Renaissance period. Mukhina returned to Moscow in summer 1914 two weeks before World War I began. Having taken nursing courses, she began working in a military hospital. Here, also in 1914, she met the young military doctor Alexei Andrejewitsch Samkow, whom she married in 1918.

In 1915 and 1916, she served as assistant to Aleksandra Ekster at Alexander Tairov's Chamber Theater in Moscow. After the October Revolution in Russia the so-called "Lenin plan of monumental propaganda" was adopted. Sculptors received state orders to make city monuments. Mukhina in 1918 completed the project of the monument dedicated to the educator and publicist Nikolay Novikov. The project was approved by Narkompros, but the model of the monument made of clay and stored in an unheated workshop got cracked, and the project remained unfulfilled. Within the framework of monumental propaganda Mukhina created sketches of the sculptures Liberated labor and Revolution (1919) as well as monuments to Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakorskiy (1921) and Yakov Sverdlov (also known as The Flame of the Revolution, 1923).

In the 1920s Mukhina rose to become one of the Soviet Union's most prominent sculptors, and although she continued to produce Cubist sculpture as late as 1922, she became a leading figure of Socialist realism, both in style and ideology. In 1923 Mukhina together with Aleksandra Ekster designed the pavilion of the newspaper Izvestia at the first all-Russia agricultural and handicraft-industrial exhibition in Moscow. In 1925 Mukhina and Nadezhda Lamanova, the fashion designer, received the Grand Prix at the exhibition in Paris for the collection of elegant women's clothing made of cheap coarse materials — cloth, calico, canvas and flannel, hats-from matting, belts decorated with colored peas, and buttons carved from wood. Dresses were decorated with original ornaments, including the "cock pattern" invented by Mukhina.

Mukhina taught at the state school Vkhutemas in 1926–1927, and in 1927–1930 she taught at the higher art and technical institute Vkhutein. In 1927 the sculpture Peasant woman created by Mukhina was awarded the first prize at the exhibition dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the October Revolution. Later the sculpture was purchased by the Museum of Trieste, and after World War II it became the property of the Vatican Museums in Rome.

Mukhina came to the international attention with the 1937 Worker and Kolkhoz Woman. In 1938–1939 she worked on the sculptures for the Moskvoretsky Bridge, Hymn to the International, Flame of the Revolution, Sea, Land, Fertility, and Bread. Bread (1939) is the only composition made by Mukhina; the rest were recreated from sketches after her death.

From October 1941 to April 1942 she lived and worked in the evacuation center in Kamensk-Uralsky. In 1945 Mukhina was invited to Riga as an expert to make a conclusion on the monument Freedom which was going to be demolished. She came out strongly in defense of the monument although her opinion contradicted that of the party and the monument was preserved. She is the creator of two monuments to Maxim Gorky: one of them was installed in 1943 in Moscow at the Belorussky Rail Terminal, the other was installed in 1952 in the city of Gorky.

Another famous work by Mukhina is the monument to Tchaikovsky. It was installed in 1954 in the courtyard of the Moscow Conservatory on Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street. This sculptural composition is located in front of the main facade of the Conservatory and is the dominant feature of the entire architectural complex.

Mukhina's work on official monuments and architectural sculpture on state commissions continued through to her death. She also experimented with glass, producing glass figural busts. Seeking to enrich the artistic vocabulary of Soviet art. She often presented her theories on sculpture, experimented with new materials, and developed a technique of polychromatic sculpture. She decorated exhibitions, made industrial drawings, and designed clothes, textiles, porcelain and theatrical costumes for the Vakhtangov Theater in Moscow.

From 1941 to 1952, Mukhina won the Stalin Prize five times, and she was named People's Artist of the USSR in 1943. Because of Mukhina's influence as a great Soviet artist, and as a former student of the Latvian sculptor Kārlis Zāle, she persuaded Soviet officials in the late 1940s that the Freedom Monument in Riga was of great artistic importance. Due to her efforts, the monument was not demolished to make way for a statue of Joseph Stalin.

In 1953 she wrote the book A Sculptor's Thoughts.

Death and legacy
Mukhina died in Moscow on 6 October 1953 of angina. She is buried in Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow.

The Museum of Vera Mukhina dedicated to the sculptor's adolescence and work was established in Feodosiya, Crimea, Ukraine in 1985.

There is a Vera Mukhina Street in the town Klin, Moscow Oblast.

In 2007, Mukhina's house and studio at 3a Prechistensky Lane in Moscow were slated for demolition.

The crater on Venus is named in honor of Mukhina.

In Moscow

Mukhina's most celebrated work by far is the giant monument Worker and Kolkhoz Woman, which was the centerpiece of the Soviet pavilion at the 1937 International Exhibition in Paris. Mukhina's monument crowned the Soviet pavilion designed by the architect Boris Mikhailovich Iofan. According to her plan, the sun frontally illuminated the monument, creating an effect of radiance. Both figures, for all their massiveness, seemed to fly. The feeling of flight was enhanced by a long fluttering scarf introduced by Mukhina into the composition. As a result, the sculpture group was distinguished by an unusual expression and energy, symbolizing the Soviet Union aspiring to new victories. The monument was called by the French press "the greatest work of sculpture of the XX century", and Pablo Picasso wrote: "How beautiful the Soviet giants are against the lilac Parisian sky". It was the world's first welded sculpture. The 24-meter-tall, 75-ton monument was made of stainless steel plates on a wooden frame, the plates connected by an innovative method of spot welding. One hand of each figure holds respectively a hammer and a sickle, the two implements joining to form the hammer and sickle symbol of the Soviet Union.
 * Worker and Kolkhoz Woman

After the exhibition closed the monument was disassembled and taken back to Moscow. In 1939 it was installed near the north entrance of the all-Russia exhibition of national economy achievements VDNKH. However, Mukhina’s concept was altered: the monument was placed on a low pedestal and with its back to the sun and the feeling of flying was gone. Mukhina commented on it saying that "the monument creeps on the ground". Nevertheless, in 1947 the sculpture became the logo of the Russian Mosfilm studio. It was renovated and re-installed on a higher pedestal in 2009.

 * Sculpture Science installed at the MSU building
 * Sculptures Bread and Fertility (another name is Harvest) in the Druzhba Park near the Rechnoy Vokzal (Moscow Metro)
 * Sculptures Earth and Water (another name is Sea) in Luzhniki Stadium
 * Monument to Peter Tchaikovski at the Moscow Conservatory
 * Monument to Maxim Gorky at the Belorussky Rail Terminal
 * Monument to Maxim Gorky at the Institute of World Literature
 * Seven tombstones at Novodevichy Cemetery

In other cities

 * Sculpture Mir in Volgograd
 * Sculptural composition Farhad and Shirin for the complex of the Farkhad hydroelectric power station Farkhadskaya GES.
 * Monument to Maxim Gorky in Nizhny Novgorod
 * Sculpture on the roof of the planetarium in Volgograd Mir, Mukhina's last creation

title: Vera Mukhina


text:
Airplane Flying Handbook

Contents

 * 1) Introduction to Flight Training
 * 2) Purpose of Flight Training
 * 3) Role of the FAA
 * 4) Role of the Pilot Examiner
 * 5) Role of the Flight Instructor
 * 6) Sources of Flight Training
 * 7) Practical Test Standards
 * 8) Flight Safety Practices
 * 9) Collision Avoidance
 * 10) Runway Incusion Avoidance
 * 11) Stall Awareness
 * 12) Use of Checklists
 * 13) Positive Transfer of Controls
 * 14) Ground Operations (Part 1), /Ground Operations (Part 2)/
 * 15) Visual Inspection
 * 16) Inside the Cockpit
 * 17) Outer Wing Surfaces and Tail Section
 * 18) Fuel and Oil
 * 19) Landing Gear, Tires, and Brakes
 * 20) Engine and Propeller
 * 21) Cockpit Management
 * 22) Ground Operations
 * 23) Engine Starting
 * 24) Hand Propping
 * 25) Taxiing
 * 26) Before Takeoff Check
 * 27) After Landing
 * 28) Clear of Runway
 * 29) Parking
 * 30) Engine Shutdown
 * 31) Postflight
 * 32) Securing and Servicing
 * 33) Basic Flight Maneuvers
 * 34) The Four Fundamentals
 * 35) Effects and Use of the Controls
 * 36) Feel of the Airplane
 * 37) Attitude Flying
 * 38) Integrated Flight Instruction
 * 39) Straight-and-Level Flight
 * 40) Trim Control
 * 41) Level Turns
 * 42) Climbs and Climbing Turns
 * 43) Descents and Descending Turns
 * 44) Pitch and Power
 * 45) Slow Flight, Stalls, and Spins
 * 46) Takeoff and Departure Climbs (Part 1), Takeoff and Departure Climbs (Part 2)
 * 47) /Ground Reference Maneuvers (Part 1)/, Ground Reference Maneuvers (Part2)
 * 48) Airport Traffic Patterns
 * 49) /Airport Traffic Patterns and Operations/
 * 50) /Standard Airport Traffic Patterns/
 * 51) Approaches and Landings
 * 52) Performance Maneuvers
 * 53) Night Operations
 * 54) Transition to Complex Airplanes
 * 55) Transition to Multiengine Airplanes
 * 56) Transition to Tailwheel Airplanes
 * 57) Transition to Turbopropeller Powered Airplanes
 * 58) Transition to Jet Powered Airplanes
 * 59) Emergency Procedures

Link to FAA Airplane Flying Handbook

PREFACE
The Airplane Flying Handbook is designed as a technical manual to introduce basic pilot skills and knowledge that are essential for piloting airplanes. It provides information on transition to other airplanes and the operation of various airplane systems. It is developed by the Flight Standards Service, Airman Testing Standards Branch, in cooperation with various aviation educators and industry.

This handbook is developed to assist student pilots learning to fly airplanes. It is also beneficial to pilots who wish to improve their flying proficiency and aeronautical knowledge, those pilots preparing for additional certificates or ratings, and flight instructors engaged in the instruction of both student and certificated pilots. It introduces the future pilot to the realm of flight and provides information and guidance in the performance of procedures and maneuvers required for pilot certification. Topics such as navigation and communication, meteorology, use of flight information publications, regulations, and aeronautical decision making are available in other Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publications.

This handbook conforms to pilot training and certification concepts established by the FAA. There are different ways of teaching, as well as performing flight procedures and maneuvers, and many variations in the explanations of aerodynamic theories and principles. This handbook adopts a selective method and concept of flying airplanes. The discussion and explanations reflect the most commonly used practices and principles. Occasionally the word "must" or similar language is used where the desired action is deemed critical. The use of such language is not intended to add to, interpret, or relieve a duty imposed by Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR).

It is essential for persons using this handbook to also become familiar with and apply the pertinent parts of 14 CFR and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). The AIM is available online at http://www.faa.gov/atpubs. Performance standards for demonstrating competence required for pilot certification are prescribed in the appropriate airplane practical test standard.

The current Flight Standards Service airman training and testing material and subject matter knowledge codes for all airman certificates and ratings can be obtained from the Flight Standards Service Web site at http://av-info.faa.gov.

The FAA greatly acknowledges the valuable assistance provided by many individuals and organizations throughout the aviation community whose expertise contributed to the preparation of this handbook.

title: Airplane Flying Handbook


text:
Sorter

Sorter may refer to:
 * Sorter (logistics), a system that sorts products according to destination
 * Card sorter, a machine to sort computer punched card
 * Cash sorter machine, a machine used for sorting banknotes
 * Coin sorter, a machine used for sorting coins
 * Keirsey Temperament Sorter, a self-assessed personality questionnaire
 * Sorting algorithm, an algorithm to put elements of a list into order

title: Sorter


text:
Jali Makawa

Jali Makawa (c. 1914 – 1995) was a Mozambique-born bird expert who assisted the British ornithologist C.W. "Con" Benson. He also worked with other ornithologists and collectors in east Africa including Melvin Traylor, Arthur Loveridge, Charles Sibley, and Michael Irwin. Makawa was famed for his observational skills, ability to identify novel species, mimic bird calls, collect, and prepare specimens. Several subspecies and a species of bird that he collected have been named after him.

Life and work
Makawa was born in Mozambique and belonged to the ethnic group variously known as Lomwe, Nguru, or Makua who traditionally hunted for food. Known for their skills in the field, the Makua people became famous as trackers for western elephant hunters. The family had emigrated from Mozambique during World War I and moved to Nyasaland (now Malawi). In 1932 he became an assistant to the cook of the colonial official Constantine Walter Benson who was also a keen naturalist. In 1934, Benson was accompanied by Makawa on an ornithological field trip and when Benson failed to capture a specimen of an Abyssinian Slaty Flycatcher and gave up, Makawa was able to demonstrate his skill by obtaining a specimen at the end of the last day at the site. After Benson left in 1962, Makawa worked in the Zambian Game department and accompanied ornithological visitors to the Lochinvar National Park. He became a Zambian citizen by registration in 1967. In 1972, he retired from Lochinvar and became an assistant to Robert J. Dowsett at the Livingstone Museum. Makawa was known for his acute observation and ability to distinguish minute differences. In 1964, Michael Irwin showed him a specimen of a bird that he thought was a thrush nightingale (Luscinia luscinia) but Makawa who had collected many specimens of that species declared that he had never collected anything like it. Irwin later discovered that it was in fact a river warbler, Locustella fluviatilis. In 1977, Dowsett arranged for Makawa to live in Muckleneuk, on the Choma farm of the Bruce-Miller family. He continued to help Benson, assisting him with information in the production of the Birds of Malawi. While Benson wrote and believed that Makawa had a deep interest in birds, some of his fellow ornithologists claimed that Makawa was only motivated by the opportunity to travel and impress women.

Contribution to ornithology
Makawa collected in Ethiopia, Rhodesia, Mozambique and Madagascar. With Benson he collected nearly 2,400 specimens in Ethiopia. Together they discovered Hirundo megaensis and Oreophilais robertsi. With support from the Portuguese official A. Baptista de Sousa, Benson and Makawa visited Njesi Highlands where they identified a new subspecies of Apalis moreaui sousae, a species then known only from the Usambara mountains. In 1958 Benson led an expedition in the Indian Ocean and along with Makawa they discovered a new species of warbler on the Comoros, Nesillas mariae. Makawa collected a specimen of a tinkerbird that was new to him and when it failed to match any known species, it was formally described in 1965 by Benson and Irwin as Pogoniulus makawai. The single specimen with unique plumage has been examined in more recent times and comparison of its DNA sequences with related species suggests that it may represent a distinct population (or subspecies) of Pogoniulus bilineatus. In 1972 he accompanied John Colebrook-Robject to Madagascar to join an expedition headed by Charles Sibley. Part of the work involved collecting the albumen of eggs of wild birds, which Sibley later used in his work on the classification of passerines. Melvin Traylor described and named a subspecies Calandrella conirostris makawai after Makawa in 1962. Other subspecies named after him include Malaconotus olivaceus makawa from Malawi. Coracopsis rasa makawa from the Comoros. Makawa was known for his ability to remember and distinguish bird calls and songs. He assisted Keith and Benson in their studies of elusive Madagascar rails in the genus Sarothrura. Makawa would imitate calls and lure male rails, allowing the birds to approach and allowed their own calls to be recorded. Makawa was known as an assiduous field assistant, sometimes even sleeping out at the field site to get a first chance to see a bird at dawn.

Later life
Makawa's relatively high status and wealth made many jealous and he had a troubled relationship with his son. In 1988 a neighbour accused him of witchcraft and around 1990 he is thought to have moved to Lusaka to live with his daughter. Little is known of his later life and death.

title: Jali Makawa


text:
futtig

Etymology
, likely from.

Adjective

 * 1) ridiculously small and insignificant, measly, paltry, petty
 * 2) petty (of an act or the like)
 * 1) petty (of an act or the like)
 * 1) petty (of an act or the like)

title: futtig


text:
PHP Programming/XML

XML stands for Extensible Markup Language and is based loosely on HTML. XML is used mainly to store and transfer information from one protocol or language to another. The code for XML is very open, you can create your own tags though they must follow the syntax rules of XML which are very similar to but stricter than HTML. For Example:

As you can see, the structure is almost identical to that of HTML, but you are able to define your own tags.

Once the template done, it can be manipulated in PHP by the class DOMDocument, as mentioned in the chapter ../XSL/registerPHPFunctions.

title: PHP Programming/XML


text:
Collegium Regale

Collegium Regale is a collection of choral settings by the English composer Herbert Howells of the canticles for the Anglican services of Mattins, Holy Communion and Evening Prayer. Scored for four-part choir, solo tenor and organ, the pieces were written between 1944 and 1956 "for the King's College, Cambridge" (Collegium Regale in Latin). The first of the pieces were first published by Novello in 1947, and they have become a popular piece of music in the Anglican church music repertoire.

Text
The text of the first service setting for the daily service of Mattins in the Anglican church consists of two pieces: the Te Deum, an ancient Latin Christian hymn; and the Jubilate a setting of Psalm 100.

The setting of the evening canticles, part of the Anglican daily service of Evening Prayer, consists of the Magnificat (Song of Mary) and Nunc dimittis (Song of Simeon). Mary sings the Magnificat ("My soul doth magnify the Lord") on the occasion of her visit to Elizabeth, as narrated in the Gospel of Luke. Simeon sings the Nunc dimittis ("Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace") when Jesus is presented in the temple.

Howells also set the text of the Office of the Holy Communion to music; like the morning and evening offices, the text is taken from the Book of Common Prayer. Because the Anglican liturgy is originally derived from the Roman Catholic Ordinary of the Mass, the pieces correspond with the sections of a Mass setting: Kyrie, Credo,  Sanctus,  Benedictus,  Agnus Dei and  Gloria in excelsis. Each section is titled in Greek or Latin, but the text is in the English translation, and the Gloria is sung at the end of the service according to the liturgy of the Book of Common Prayer.

Composition
In 1941, Howells took the post of acting organist of St John's College, Cambridge, standing in for Robin Orr who was away on active service in World War II. Howells attended a tea party held by Eric Milner-White, then Dean of King's College. There, he also met the Director of Music at King's, Boris Ord, and the organist of Gonville and Caius College, Patrick Hadley. The three men challenged Howells to a bet of one guinea that he could not compose a canticle setting for the Choir of King's College Chapel. Howells successfully produced a setting of the Te Deum; he later remarked that it was "the only Te Deum to be born of a decanal bet".

Following the challenge made at the Deanery tea, other settings followed: the Jubilate for Mattins in 1944, and in 1945 he completed the Magnificat and Nunc dimittis for Choral evensong. He revisited the music in 1956 for his setting of the Office of the Holy Communion (Collegium Regale). Praising the Collegium Regale settings, Paul Spicer, a pupil of Howells, has stated that "one guinea kickstarted music for the Anglican Church into a whole new phase of existence".

Howells's Collegium Regale evening canticles are among his best-known works and noted for their use of choral voices. While many Anglican settings of the Magnificat begin with full choir or male voices, Howells opens the work with mezzo-piano treble voices, emphasising the feminine voice of Mary's song. Correspondingly, the words of Simeon in the Nunc dimittis are initially conveyed by a solo tenor voice. Explaining his choice of voices, Howells stated that "… if I made a setting of the Magnificat, the mighty should be put down from their seat without a brute force which would deny this canticle’s feminine association. Equally, that in the Nunc dimittis, the tenor’s domination should characterize the gentle Simeon. Only the Gloria should raise its voice."

Recordings

 * A Celebration Of Herbert Howells — The Choir of King's College, Cambridge, Stephen Cleobury (Argo, 1992)
 * Howells: Requiem, Take Him, Earth, For Cherishing (And Other Choral Works), Choir Of St John's College, Cambridge, Christopher Robinson, Iain Farrington (Naxos, 1999)

title: Collegium Regale


text:
Jo Hye-ryun

Jo Hye-ryun (born May 29, 1970), is a South Korean comedian. She is a former cast member in the variety show Law of the Jungle W.

In 1992, through 《KBS University Gag Festival》, she debuted with the Rookie of the Year Award at the Comedy Awards. She is the first Korean comedian to enter Japan, and she is currently only active in Korea. Her agency is JoyCultures. Her stage name in Japan is “Heryon (ヘリョン)”. Her main building is Ham-an, and she was born in Goseong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, and grew up in Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do. Her current residence is Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon Metropolitan City.

Awards and nominations

 * Won Best TV Star Award at the 2010 SBS Entertainment Awards

title: Jo Hye-ryun


text:
hírnév

Noun

 * 1) name, fame, repute good reputation obtained by outstanding qualities, success, and good deeds
 * 2) reputation what somebody is known for, either good or bad
 * 1) reputation what somebody is known for, either good or bad

title: hírnév


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Folio from a Koran (8th-9th century).jpg

Folio from a Koran, Abbasid dynasty
Voting period ends on 20 Feb 2015  at 10:52:14 (UTC)
 * Reason:HQ and EV
 * Articles in which this image appears:Fine art, Kufic, Muhammad, Quran and Al-Fath
 * FP category for this image:Featured pictures/Culture, entertainment, and lifestyle/Religion and mythology or Featured pictures/Artwork/Others
 * Creator:unknown

 * Support as nominator – Alborzagros (talk) 10:52, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Support Thought this was featured. Mind, I don't speak Arabic, so it may just be something vaguely similar that I'm thinking of. Useful, especially in Kufic. I'd suggest Featured pictures/Culture, entertainment, and lifestyle/Religion and mythology as a category. Any other suggestions? Adam Cuerden (talk) 11:58, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I suggest in Featured pictures/Artwork/Others. Alborzagros (talk) 12:19, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Support Yann (talk) 12:24, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Support.--Jobas (talk) 12:30, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Support--Hafspajen (talk) 14:07, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Support - CorinneSD (talk) 00:10, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Support assuming it is a good example of Kufic script, I can't tell, but if it is it has EV. Otherwise I would say it does not have EV. Mattximus (talk) 01:18, 20 February 2015 (UTC)

--Armbrust The Homunculus 10:53, 20 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Will Staples

Will Staples is an American screenwriter, producer, and novelist. He is best known for his work on the video game Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, the films Without Remorse and Sweet Girl, the television series The Right Stuff, and his novel, Animals.

Career
In 2011, Staples and screenwriter Paul Haggis wrote the script for the video game, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, which was the largest entertainment release in history at the time.

On October 25, 2013, Deadline announced that Ben Affleck and Warner Bros had hired Staples to write a geopolitical thriller about a team of mercenaries in Eastern Congo for Affleck to star in and direct. The following year, Warner announced that Staples had been hired to write a movie set in the world of illicit animal trafficking for Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hardy, and Tobey Maguire to produce and star in.

In May 2014, Staples was hired to rewrite Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation.

In 2017, National Geographic announced that Staples would be creating The Right Stuff television series based on Tom Wolfe’s 1979 book The Right Stuff, with Leonardo DiCaprio executive producing. The series moved to Disney+ in 2020.

Will's first novel, Animals, a thriller about global animal trafficking, organized crime and a deadly pandemic, was released on March 30, 2021.

Two of his screenplays have appeared on The Black List, an annual list compiled by Hollywood executives of their favorite unproduced screenplays – once for his adaptation of the book King of Heists by J. North Conway, and again for Landslide, an adaptation of the book How to Break a Terrorist, co-written with Tony Camerino.

title: Will Staples


text:
René Joseph Rakotondrabé

René Joseph Rakotondrabé (12 September 1932 – 9 July 2012) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toamasina, Madagascar.

Biography
Rakotondrabé was born 12 September 1932 in Fandriana and was ordained to the priesthood in 1960. He was named auxiliary Bishop of Toliara and Titular Bishop of Umbriatico in 1972, Bishop of Toliara in 1974, and Bishop of Toamasina in 1989.

He retired in 2008 and died 9 July 2012.

title: René Joseph Rakotondrabé


text:
User:Chiaraluchetti

Chiara Luchetti has a degree in Translation and Intercultural Mediation from the Carlo Bo University in Florence, and she is currently attending a Master Degree in Language, Society and Communication at the University of Bologna. Her main interests concerns linguistic studies and translation, in particular as far as the Spanish and English languages are concerned.

title: User:Chiaraluchetti


text:
Alina Tecșor

Alina Tecșor (born 29 October 1979) is a professional Romanian retired tennis player and former captain of the Romania Fed Cup team. On 9 September 1996, she reached her highest WTA singles ranking of 364 whilst her best doubles ranking was 529 on 7 October 1996.

title: Alina Tecșor


text:
Brachet

Etymology
From, from , from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  June (sixth month of the Gregorian calendar)

title: Brachet


text:
pardner

Etymology
Variant pronunciation of.

Noun

 * 1)  A friend or companion.
 * 2)  A partner.
 * 3) A local community banking co-op, often set up as an initiative for a social group unable to get formal credit or bank accounts, notably West Indians in Britain.

Usage notes

 * Friend/partner senses: especially in the speech of the rural American West, where it is dated but still in occasional use. Stereotypically associated with cowboys, gold prospectors, fur trappers, and other isolated or poorly educated individuals.

title: pardner


text:
Belk (disambiguation)

Belk is an American department store chain. Belk may also refer to:

People

 * Belk (surname)

Settlements

 * Belk, Alabama
 * Belk, Tennessee

Other places

 * Belk Arena, arena on the campus of Davidson College
 * Belk Freeway, alternate name for Interstate 277 in North Carolina
 * Belk Gymnasium, gymnasium on the campus of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte
 * Belk Hudson Lofts, apartment building in Huntsville, Alabama
 * Belk Library (Elon University), library for Elon students, faculty, and staff
 * Belk Theater, venue in the North Carolina Blumenthal Performing Arts Center

title: Belk (disambiguation)


text:
sosia

Etymology
From Amphitruo, a comedy by the Roman playwright Plautus (c. 254 – 184 BC), in which doubling is the major theme: both the title character and his slave, Sosia, are doubled by the gods Jupiter and Mercury, in order to enable Jupiter to make love to Amphitruo's wife.

Noun

 * 1) double, clone, dead ringer

title: sosia


text:
Talk:Dolph Schayes

Jewish
The following statement was made: "...one of the few NBA players in history who is Jewish." This is not accurate for an encyclopedia. What does few mean? I feel there have been plenty that have been Jewish. Just depends on your perspective. Grunfield, Heyman, Rosenbluth, Farmar, Joel Kramer, Ossie Schectman, Sonny Hertzberg, Leo “Ace” Gotlieb, Ralph Kaplowitz, Stan Stutz, Hank Rosenstein, Barry Kramer, Petey Rosenberg, Red Klotz. among many others.

title: Talk:Dolph Schayes


text:
Talk:Ben Chiu

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Ben Chiu. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090127020720/http://schools.tdsb.on.ca/albertcampbell/history.html to http://schools.tdsb.on.ca/albertcampbell/history.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:28, 17 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ben Chiu


text:
Talk:Dontarrious Thomas

Where his section on the vikings? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:16, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Added some refrences from additional sources besides the nfl.com. and created a reference section Millertime246 (talk) 17:17, 2 November 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dontarrious Thomas


text:
Talk:Auto-Saharan Companies

Merging
I've merged the content of the article Auto-Saharan Companies with that of the article Auto-Saharan Company. I Think that the latter should be cancelled <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:32, 18 April 2023 (UTC)
 * I've added the redirect and some templates, given the content has already been merged. Klbrain (talk) 08:38, 5 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Auto-Saharan Companies


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Josh Rimer (2nd nomination)

The result was delete. bd2412 T 17:01, 2 October 2019 (UTC)

Josh Rimer
AfDs for this article:
 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Inadequately referenced WP:BLP of a television personality and male beauty pageant contestant. Neither of these are "inherent" notability freebies that guarantee him a Wikipedia article just because he exists, so getting him over the notability bar requires demonstrating him as the subject of enough reliable source coverage to clear WP:GNG. But of the five sources here, two are WordPress blogs, one is a podcast and one is his own self-published Patreon, none of which are notability-supporting sources at all -- and the only one that is an acceptable, notability-assisting reliable source, The Georgia Straight, is not enough all by itself if it's the only acceptable, notability-assisting reliable source you can show. GNG requires a lot more than just one piece of real-media journalism amid a bunch of blogs and podcasts. Note that despite the earlier discussion, this is not eligible for immediate speedy as it's written and sourced differently than the original version -- but the sourcing being shown here is still not actually changing the notability equation at all. Bearcat (talk) 17:36, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Update: Three additional sources have been added; however, two (Vancouver Courier and Daily Hive) are still community hyperlocals, which are okay for verification of facts but not contributors of notability points; and the Red Deer Advocate, which is a start down the correct path as a real daily newspaper but still not enough. And all are still stacked on top of each other in violation of the citation overkill principle that we do not need three or four separate citations to be piled on top of each other as reduplicated support for the same fact. Bearcat (talk) 18:48, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of People-related deletion discussions. Bearcat (talk) 17:36, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Sexuality and gender-related deletion discussions. Bearcat (talk) 17:36, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Canada-related deletion discussions. Bearcat (talk) 17:36, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Delete. Fails WP:Entertainer, WP:SIGCOV, snd WP:GNG.4meter4 (talk) 18:34, 1 October 2019 (UTC)


text:
User:RajatPrabhu/sandbox

'Nikola Tesla ' Nikola Tesla was an engineer and scientist known for designing the alternating-current (AC) electric system, which is the predominant electrical system used across the world today. He also created the "Tesla coil," which is still used in radio technology. Tesla was born in Smiljan, Croatia, on July 10, 1856.

Tesla was one of five children, including siblings Dane, Angelina, Milka and Marica. Tesla's interest in electrical invention was spurred by his mother, Djuka Mandic, who invented small household appliances in her spare time while her son was growing up.

Tesla's father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian orthodox priest and a writer, and he pushed for his son to join the priesthood. But Nikola's interests lay squarely in the sciences.

Tesla moved to Budapest, where for a time he worked at the Central Telephone Exchange.

It was while in Budapest that the idea for the induction motor first came to Tesla, but after several years of trying to gain interest in his invention, at age 28 Tesla decided to leave Europe for America.

Edison hired Tesla, and the two men were soon working tirelessly alongside each other, making improvements to Edison's inventions.

Several months later, the two parted ways due to a conflicting business-scientific relationship, attributed by historians to their incredibly different personalities: While Edison was a power figure who focused on marketing and financial success, Tesla was commercially out-of-touch and somewhat vulnerable.

Throughout his career, Tesla discovered, designed and developed ideas for a number of important inventions — most of which were officially patented by other inventors — including dynamos (electrical generators similar to batteries) and the induction motor.

Tesla's AC system soon caught the attention of American engineer and businessman George Westinghouse, who was seeking a solution to supplying the nation with long-distance power. Convinced that Tesla's inventions would help him achieve this, in 1888 he purchased his patents for $60,000 in cash and stock in the Westinghouse Corporation.

Having become obsessed with the wireless transmission of energy, around 1900 Tesla set to work on his boldest project yet: to build a global, wireless communication system — to be transmitted through a large electrical tower — for sharing information and providing free energy throughout the world.

With funding from a group of investors that included financial giant J. P. Morgan, in 1901 Tesla began work on the free energy project in earnest, designing and building a lab with a power plant and a massive transmission tower on a site on Long Island, New York, that became known as Wardenclyffe.

However, doubts arose among his investors about the plausibility of Tesla's system. As his rival, Guglielmo Marconi — with the financial support of Andrew Carnegie and Thomas Edison — continued to make great advances with his own radio technologies, Tesla had no choice but to abandon the project.

Reference

title: User:RajatPrabhu/sandbox


text:
These Things Happen Too

These Things Happen Too is the sixth studio album by American rapper G-Eazy. It was released on September 24, 2021 through RCA Records. The album serves as the sequel to his third studio album, These Things Happen (2014). The production on the album was handled by multiple producers including Hit-Boy, Cardiak, OG Parker, Dakari, Tay Keith and Hitmaka. The album also features guest appearances from YG, Lil Wayne, E-40, DaBoii, Demi Lovato, Ty Dolla Sign, EST Gee, Chris Brown, Jack Harlow, Tyga and Tory Lanez.

Background
About the album, G-Eazy said that "you live and you learn" about relationships within the project. It is a sequel to his 2014 debut album These Things Happen.

Release and promotion
On September 8, 2021, G-Eazy revealed the album's release date and released a song and teaser video, both titled "The Announcement", as part of its promotion. Exactly two weeks later, on September 22, 2021, he revealed the tracklist and producer credits. Two singles preceded the release of the album. The lead single, "Running Wild (Tumblr Girls 2)", featuring American singer Kossisko, was released on August 18, 2021. The second single, "Breakdown", featuring American singer Demi Lovato, was released on September 17, 2021.

Reception
Tim Hoffman of Riff Magazine said that "While These Things Happen Too delivers plenty of songs that perpetuate the 'player' criticisms lobbed at G-Eazy [...] there’s plenty of substance to be found as well."

Commercial performance
These Things Happen Too debuted at number 19 on the US Billboard 200 with 19,400 album equivalent units in its first week.

title: These Things Happen Too


text:
Dapoli

Dapoli is a taluka in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra, India. It lies 215 km south of the state capital of Mumbai. The town is also known as Camp Dapoli, as the British had set their camps here. Many high-ranking British officers' graves are found in this town. There is also an abandoned church from the time of the British Raj. Dapoli was administered by a Municipal Council.

Geography
Dapoli is separated from the Sahyadri range and is bordered by the Khed taluk in the east, and is also bordered by Mandangad taluk in the north, Guhagar taluk to the south, and Chiplun taluk to the southeast. The Arabian sea forms the sub-district's western border.

Dapoli has a seaboard of 50 km which stretches from Velas, Maharashtra Velas – Kelshi in the North to Dabhol in the South. The coastline differs in its general characteristics from other parts of Konkan. It is densely covered by coconut farms. The principal rivers are Bharja in the north and Vashishthi in the south. A small river called Jog river flows through Bandhativare, Sarang and Tadil into the Arabian Sea.

The town is located above a diamond mine located in the Earth's crust. The mine has over 900 kilograms of diamond in it. It is located 8 km from the Arabian Sea. It also serves as the headquarters of its namesake taluk and is a major centre for most villages nearby.

Education
There are many other schools present in the town affiliated to state and central education boards.
 * 1) Ramraje College of Nursing affiliated to Maharashtra University of Health Science (MUHS) Nasik https://ramrajecollege.com/
 * 2) Ramraje School of Nursing affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Nursing and Paramedical Education Mumbai
 * 3) Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, one of the biggest agriculture universities in Maharashtra.
 * 4) A. G. High School is one of the oldest schools here, named after the British Alfred Gadney.
 * 5) R.R. Vaidya English Medium School
 * 6) Saraswati Vidyamandir English Medium School, affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)
 * 7) National High School & Junior College Of   Science, Commerce and Arts.
 * 8) Dnyandeep Vidyamandir
 * 9) Lokmannya Tilak Vidyamandir
 * 10) Dapoli Urban Bank Senior Science College
 * 11) N.K.Varadkar Arts & R.V.Belose Commerce College
 * 12) U.A. Dalvi English Medium High School
 * 13) Saroj Mehta International School
 * 14) Ram Raje High School and Senior College
 * 15) Ram Raje College of Hotel Management and Catering Technology
 * 16) UK Public school Mauje dapoli (CBSE)

Dapoli has a centre for the ISKCON movement, youth programs for agriculture, and an undergraduate homeopathic college (Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College).

Places to visit

 * 1) Unhavare Natural Hot Water Spring
 * 2) Kadyavarcha Ganpati Temple, Anjarle
 * 3) Palande Beach
 * 4) Karde Beach
 * 5) Mahalaxmi Mandir, Kelshi
 * 6) Maruti Temple
 * 7) Shree Kalkai Devi Temple
 * 8) Ladghar Beach
 * 9) Murud Beach
 * 10) Murud Bypass view point
 * 11) Keshavraj Temple
 * 12) Parshuram Bhumi
 * 13) Panhalekaji Caves
 * 14) Dabhol Beach
 * 15) Dabhol Ferry Boat
 * 16) Shivaji Maharaj Statue
 * 17) Ambedkar Garden
 * 18) Burondi
 * 19) Harnai Bandar

Beach

 * 1) Harnai beach
 * 2) Anjarle Beach
 * 3) palande beach
 * 4) murud beach
 * 5) saldure beach
 * 6) ladghar beach
 * 7) Burondi beach
 * 8) kelshi beach
 * 9) Tamastirtha beach

Notable residents
Dapoli is considered the birthplace of Dhondo Keshav Karve, whose native village of Murud is located 9 km from Dapoli.

Babasaheb Ambedkar was a resident of Kalkai Kond, Dapoli (1893-1896).

Pandurang Vaman Kane (a Bharat Ratna recipient) was a resident of Dapoli.

Pandurang Sadashiv Sane

Transport
 Road

Dapoli is connected well by state highways from all parts of Maharashtra. The nearest national highway, NH66 passes through Khed which is 28 kilometres away. It is also well connected by Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation and private buses.

 Rail

Khed Railway Station, located 29 kilometres away is the nearest from Dapoli. A part of the Konkan Railway, trains to major cities like Mumbai, Margao and Mangalore are easily available from here.

 Air

The nearest international airports are located in Mumbai (215 kilometres) and Pune (190 kilometres.)

title: Dapoli


text:
Talk:Ülle Madise

Erroneous categorization
This article has several categories for politicians, which were evidently added by someone who does not know what a Chancellor of Justice is: a non-political legal position in public service. AFAIK, Ülle Madise has never run on any political elections and is not a member of any party. By profession, she is a legal scholar, and should be categorized as such. --Ehitaja (talk) 00:48, 6 August 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ülle Madise


text:
PN Junction

In electronic engineering a PN junction describes a junction between a P-type and N-type semiconductor material. To understand what this means one need to know a little bit about semiconductors.

Some Semiconductor Basics
In a semiconductor material, such as silicon, the atoms have 4 electrons in the outermost electron energy band, called the valence band. This leaves room for 4 more electrons in the valence band, and these available "electron-slots", often referred to as holes, are easily borrowed by electrons from nearby atoms. Such materials will under the right conditions form a crystalline lattice where each atom borrows one electron from each of four nearby atoms. By introducing atoms with different electron-configurations into the lattice we can create what referred to as a doped semiconductor. For example if we introduce the occasional boron atom to a silicon lattice we get a p-doped or p-type semiconductor. It is the fact that boron only has three valence electrons that makes it P-type, because this will leave occasional holes in the valence bands in the lattice. At room temperature these holes will move quite freely around in the material effectively making it a positive charge carrier, hence the name "p-type". Similarly a n-type semiconductor can be formed by doping the same silicon lattice with e.g. arsenic. Arsenic has 5 valence electrons and will at room temperature provide the material with easily movable electrons, which is a negative charge carrier, hence the name "n-type" semiconductor.

The PN-junction
When a piece of semiconductor material changes type from p-type to n-type over a cross-section it forms a PN-junction. It is easy to think of it as two materials of different doping simply brought together, however in practice the junction is not formed that way. At temperatures well above absolute zero, holes from the p-side of the P-N junction will start to wander into the n-side due to thermal "vibrations". At the same time electrons from the n-side starts to wander into the p-side. This effect is called diffusion. The result is an excess of negative charge accumulating at the p-side and an excess of positive charge accumulating at the n-side. These changes in turn forms an electric field which counteracts the effect of the wandering charge-carriers (the electrons and holes) effectively stopping it at a distance into the opposite side. When the wandering electrons encounters the holes on the p-side they will fill the holes, and vice-versa. This leaves the area over the junction pretty much free of charge-carries. This area is called the depletion area, since it is depleted of charge-carriers. This is when the junction is not experiencing any outside electrical force.

The Bipolar Junction Diode
The simplest application of the PN junction is the bipolar junction diode (often made from silicon or germanium). A bipolar junction diode is basically a PN junction with conducting terminals attached to each side of the junction. The diode uses the properties caused by the depletion area of the junction. As the depletion area has very few free charge-carries it acts effectively as an insulator. If a voltage drop is applied from n- to the p-side of the diode the depletion area only gets wider, and very little current is allowed to pass through the diode. If we however apply a voltage drop form the p- to the n-side of the diode we will counteract the diffusion current and almost eliminate the depletion area, allowing a current to flow through the diode. The resulting effect is that the diode only carries current in one direction. As we need to overcome the electric field in the junction we will experience a voltage drop over the diode in the conducting direction. This is called the diode's threshold voltage, and is typically in the range 0.5-1V for standard off-the-shelf diodes. Even in the "non-conducting" direction diodes carry a small current due to a small amount of thermically generated charge-carriers in the depletion area. This is called the diode's leakage current.

Other Applications
The PN junction is essential to almost all modern electronics and is utilized in a lot of different components. It is the building block of the transistors that forms the basis for almost all digital electronics such as computers, and also most modern analog electronics such as audio amplifiers. It is essential in optical components such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) and semiconductor lasers, and an abundance of other more or less exotic electronic components.

title: PN Junction


text:
User:Yath~enwikibooks/Python

' NOTE: This page is mostly obsolete and the reorganization has been accomplished. '

This is a scratch page for reorganizing Programming:Python. The book currently has two tables of contents. One of them may or may not represent a reasonable progression through the subject. At any rate, the book is in an amazing state of disarray; I'll try to evaluate and plan some reconstruction here.

These are just the pages that exist. There are also many red links.

''' This page has three sections. ''' One of them is an outline, so I won't be putting in headings and subheadings here (they would interfere with the outline). They are:

 * Analysis of old content
 * New section outline
 * Copy of old content

Potential outline

Introduction
This section is for lighthearted reading, and to prepare the reader for the next section (learning to program).

Learning to program in Python
This section presents a series of examples and exercises of increasing depth and complexity. It sort of follows the sequence of the "Python concepts" section, but tosses in bits from more advanced and less advanced sections. For example, when the sample programs seem to be playing with "flow control" (loops etc.) the os module might be imported and used for a simple function (from ahead) and triple-quoted multiline strings might pop in (from behind). This sort of stuff is done sparingly, because you don't want to overwhelm the reader. It is necessary, however, to keep people from becoming too bored. And it can usually be ignored, unless the reader gets too curious, in which case they can turn to the section on the os module and read up a bit.

Python concepts
This section is like a concept reference. Want something that's a step up from a list of flow control operators? Here it is. Every idiosyncracy of 'if-else-elif-unless' is clearly presented and explained. This would be inappropriate for the learning section. This is the place for completeness.

Operators
Math, concatenation. Perhaps backticks (number-to-string-conversion) belongs here. Remember to include a precedence table.

Standard modules
All or most standard modules, complete function lists, explained.

Function reference
Built-in functions explained.

COPY OF OLD CONTENT

Contents
 * Beginning Python
 * Python syntax and functions
 * Python features
 * Python and data (lists)
 * Code and interfaces in Python
 * Advanced Python

Beginning Python
 * Basic Concepts
 * Modules
 * Variables
 * Data Types
 * Simple Input and Output
 * Simple math
 * Program Flow
 * Procedures and Functions
 * Python classes and instances
 * Libraries
 * Further math in Python
 * Basics of Compilation
 * Exercises

In-depth Python ideas
 * String Manipulation
 * Programming Structure and Style
 * Python complex types
 * Error Catching
 * Operator Overloading
 * Standard libraries
 * Strings and Regular Expressions
 * Files and Directories
 * Storing Data and Objects
 * Networking
 * Standard Internet Protocols
 * Memory Management
 * Generators and the generator protocol

Python and beyond
 * A simple tutorial in Python
 * Python installation
 * Combining Languages
 * Commented Source Code Library

title: User:Yath~enwikibooks/Python


text:
1926 Kansas Jayhawks football team

The 1926 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Missouri Valley Conference during the 1926 college football season. In their first season under head coach Franklin Cappon, the Jayhawks compiled a 2–6 record (1–5 against conference opponents), finished in ninth place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 135 to 34. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas. Harold Zuber was the team captain.

title: 1926 Kansas Jayhawks football team


text:
Talk:Anna Fitzpatrick

Cleanup March 21
I really wanted to put this one up for AfD, since the article was apparently written by the subject's brother, but I will give her the benefit of the doubt as notable given that she won the National 15 and under title (citation required for this). I left the tag in place, since the article could still use some further cleanup. --Bugwit grunt / scribbles 17:12, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Removed Prod
National Under-15 Champion

Assessment comment
Substituted at 07:53, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anna Fitzpatrick


text:
User:L 0 0 P

Hi I am new to Wikiversity, but been long on Wikipedia. I am student of philosophy on University of Philosophy in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina and I hope to learn something new in here and help others do the same. This is my UP on Wikipedia. --L 0 0 P 12:22, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

title: User:L 0 0 P


text:
User:ReddiePurple

Catherine Benante
Hello! I am a resident of Charlotte, North Carolina, and I hope to support Wikipedia with some useful editing.

Education
Appalachian State University, Boone, NC

 * Master of Art, New Media and Global Education, expected graduation: 2016

The School of Visual Arts, NYC

 * Bachelor of Fine Art, 1980

Employment
I am currently employed as a Quality Assurance Tester at Belk, Inc.

Blog
www.springmixmedia.com/blog/

title: User:ReddiePurple