text:
Talk:Margaret Macpherson Grant/GA1

GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''

Reviewer: Gog the Mild (talk · contribs) 21:48, 21 September 2019 (UTC)

Assessing as a favour to a cheeky queue jumper; I shall expect (generous) payment in shortbread. Gog the Mild (talk) 21:48, 21 September 2019 (UTC)

 * The paraphrasing of some of the sources is a little close in places. Very easy to do when you have your head in a source all day. Could you look at this and tweak the - non-quote - bits in red. Eg "whom she had probably never met" (which is a direct lift from the source) to something like 'of whom she had little or no knowledge'; etc
 * Good point - I should really have run Earwig myself before nominating. I'll get into this in a couple of hours and post here when I'm done, thanks. Girth Summit  (blether)  09:45, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * No problem; and no rush. I have been caught out that way myself. I use a checklist immediately pre-nom to try and cut down on that sort of thing. Gog the Mild (talk) 10:09, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Symbol confirmed.svg Done - the only hits Earwig gets now are a couple of direct quotes, a couple of very short general phrases that I think are probably OK (and would be awkward to avoid), and a couple of items in the bibliography which are mentioned by name online. Thanks for the link to that checklist by the way - I'll bookmark that for future reference! Girth Summit  (blether)  11:27, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * You have sized the images in px=, they should be in upright=. Let me know if you would like me to make the change.
 * Optional: To my eye all of the images are small. Personally I would also crop out most of the grass in the second to make the hall stand out more.
 * Bibliography: Jervis needs an OCLC - 24298898. And the title should be in title case. I realise that it's not in the original; doesn't matter. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:21, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Lang: the title should be in title case. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:21, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Ditto cite 9 ("terrace"). ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:21, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Each entry in an infobox should commence with an upper case letter. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:21, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "Born to a country doctor" Given that they didn't have female doctors in those days, you may want to rephrase or expand on that. PS if her father was a surgeon, as you state later, he would have taken grave offence at being described as "a country doctor"'
 * Changed lede to say he was a surgeon. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:27, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "to Annie (née Grant) and Alexander Macpherson. Her father, Alexander," The second "Alexander" is probably superfluous.
 * Removed ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:27, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * The non-chronological order of the first paragraph of "Early life and family" makes it difficult to follow.
 * Relocated sentence about marriage and birth of older brother. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:27, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "where he died in 1852, leaving Macpherson an only child" I realise that Macpherson would technically be a child, but as she would be aged 18, the mental image it calls to mind jars a little. Possible rephrasing?
 * as the only surviving sibling ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:29, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "received compensation for his claim for the loss of the slaves as business assets" Pedant's corner. He didn't receive compensation for his claim. Possibly he claimed compensation for the loss ... ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:36, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * "but their files do not record his parents' names" I don't see why this is relevant.
 * Modified to say "Green Grant attended Eton and was described in his father's will as his adopted son" ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:36, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "in his own will" Delete "own". (Whose else would it be?)
 * See above modification. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:36, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "equivalent to £30,000,000 in 2016" Why 2016? And it is usual to insert a footnote explaining the basis of the conversion. Eg as in footnote 1 of Battle of Neville's Cross. As you are relying on a secondary source it would be helpful to footnote their basis for the conversion. (I assume that it provides one.)

 * "The ensuing court case" This comes a little out of nowhere, with no indication as to the parties, cause etc. How about something along the lines of 'Her previous female companion, now disinherited, sued and the ensuing ... '?
 * I'm assuming you are talking about in the lede, so modified it as you suggested. ✅ SusunW (talk) 19:41, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Oops. Yes Sorry. I was rereading to see if I had missed anything and stuck it on the end.
 * Nice work. Are you OK with 'uprighting' the images? I know that it is your speciality area.
 * LOL, I avoided the photos like the plague. I also have zero clue about conversion of currency, so I didn't answer that.  can have the honors :) SusunW (talk) 20:28, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

Important: I hope that the pair of you are planning on promptly taking this to FAC? Because I warn you now, if you're not I intend to steal it, file off the serial numbers, and nominate it myself.
 * No idea, you know, never done it. SusunW (talk) 20:28, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

Speaking of which, how come Inter-Allied Women's Conference hasn't turned up at FAC yet? It is in better shape than half of the stuff that goes through and you have already done 70-80% of the work in the (rather horrid) ACR.
 * Well, the update is that I have decided to do it, now that my real life has settled down a bit. I am toying with whether the attendees should be in a table, but reading FAC criteria I have no clue if that is good or not. Maybe you can advise me on my talk page. SusunW (talk) 20:28, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

I will continue the review of this tomorrow. Gog the Mild (talk) 20:01, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Wow - lots of great work already, thanks both! So, the currency conversion thing is a template. I had a discussion about this with The Rambling Man while working on the GA nom for St Margaret's Church (the church that she had built for the orphanage). There's no uncontroversial way to convert values - there are various different websites you can use and they all use different algorithms, weighting things differently and arriving at very contrasting figures - there isn't a right answer. TRM suggested just using our own in-house template as the least controversial method - unfortunately, it automatically converts to 2016 values (although presumably at some point someone will update it and the figures will automatically update, which will cut down on maintenence). I'd be happy to consider alternative options if you would like to suggest them. Girth Summit  (blether)  21:37, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Following up with more comments:
 * here is a link to the discussion I had with TRM about the use of the inflation template.
 * With regard to the image sizes - I would be happy with a crop of the picture of the house - is there an easy way to do that within the article, or do I need to crop it in MSPaint and re-upload the new image?
 * I'm afraid I don't know how px versus upright works. Can you point me at the guideline - I'd be happy for you to make the change, but it's probably worth me finding out how to do it myself for future reference. Cheers Girth Summit  (blether)  09:54, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Image size: See MOS:IMGSIZE, third bullet point. If you remove px=xxx and replace it with upright= then the image will automatically size to fit each readers preset preferences. (If you look at, for example, Crécy campaign in edit mode you will see a variety of upright sizes, and can probably work out why they are what they are for most of them.)
 * Crop: SusunW set me, a little while ago, the job of hunting down the crop tool - Commons crop tool. I found it straight forward, but shout if you don't.

 * Symbol confirmed.svg Done (I think!) - useful tool, thanks. I had a quick play with the upright= thing, but the image became massive, so I was doing something wrong - I'll have another play with that ASAP, and look at explaining the inflation thing somehow. Girth Summit  (blether)  11:20, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I put upright=1.3 in and, to me, it looked good. Gog the Mild (talk) 11:49, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * , I must have messed up the syntax when I tried it - I tried upright=1 and the image more than filled my screen! Yes, the size looks good to me now, I'm happy with that. Girth Summit  (blether)  15:26, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Inflation: I am aware that there is a wide range of views and no set policy. I have my own opinions, but that is not really relevant. 2016 is acceptable, it is not as if there has been galloping inflation since then. BUT, it would be helpful to explain the basis on which the figure is arrived at. (The inflation calculator I used in Neville's Cross comes with a link to a page explaining this and a cite, which is why I use it. (It also automatically both updates and adjusts each year.) But there are no doubt a host of other entirely acceptable alternatives.) Gog the Mild (talk) 10:41, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Thanks SusunW - I was just figuring out what I'd done wrong there - I think I had it cracked, but you beat me to it! Is there a way to condense all these into a single note though - they're all using the same conversion template, one note referring to all three ought to be sufficient? Girth Summit  (blether)  15:25, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I literally hate the "coding aspect" of WP, it is not my area of expertise. I just ask, and when I get a solution that works, I copy it over and over again. No idea how to make it one note, sorry. SusunW (talk) 15:30, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * , maybe you know a magic way of doing this? Girth Summit  (blether)  15:32, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Sadly not. In Neville's Cross, my first FA, there were five sums which I expressed in today's money; I attached an explanation to the first and simply left the rest. No one objected, nor has since, to this aspect of presenting inflation adjusted sums. It seems to be treated a little like a Wikilink. (I assume that you are aware of Template:Inflation/fn?)

 * I have inserted an upright into the image of the house, slightly increasing its size. This is mostly for demonstration purposes, so feel free to change it back if you are happy with the current image size.

 * As you have used Clark, Gregory (2017) to calculate inflation you could, if you wished, link on the link you provide and get a figure for 2019, rather than 2016. Ah, you are ahead of me. Good stuff.

Break 1

 * "becoming acquainted with Temple's friends in the area" I assume this means London, although it could mean Wiltshire. I would prefer a specific area replaced "area".
 * Symbol confirmed.svg The source wasn't specific - I assumed London, but I'm not certain, so I've changed it to 'her social circle'.

 * "Macpherson Grant placed a ring upon Temple's finger" I believe that it was the ring finger of her left hand. If so, it may be worth mentioning.

 * "again, had she ever had any" Optional: 'again, if she had had any at the time of her death'?

 * "She provided the organ at for Inverness Cathedral"

 * "to her Edinburgh solicitor" "her" being Temple or Macpherson Grant?

 * "In response, Keir drew up a deed of revocation" I have missed something. How is the revocation a "response" to a notification of a change of address?
 * It isn't a response to a change of address, but rather someone who might give his accounting a more proper scrutiny, to my reading. It doesn't actually *say* he was hoodwinking Grant, but it does say she was not a businesswoman, which was "troublesome". He had been sending the account statements to Grant. You get the idea that since Temple was not going to be there to help Grant, she wanted her to be protected by Mr. Falconer. SusunW (talk) 18:19, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I think satisfactorily changed this section. SusunW (talk) 23:32, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Back to the lead "She had just revoked the will" Given that ir was six months earlier, I am not sure about the "just".

 * "interred in the Aberlour church yard in a burial aisle" Aisles in churches are usually indoors, rather than in the church yard.
 * Far be it for me to know diddly about churches, but the source says: "A burial aisle, in the Perpendicular style of architecture, erected over the bodies of her father and mother by the late Miss Macpherson-Grant of Aberlour, adds considerably to the beauty of the churchyard. Here is also laid herself…"p 183 SusunW (talk) 22:59, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Agreed - from my reading, it sounds like it's some sort of Gothic memorial structure in the churchyard; possibly not actually a burial aisle in the strictest sense, but without a source calling it something else I think we have to go with that. Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "argued that Macpherson Grant had been coerced into signing the deed of revocation" Any more information on this? Eg, by whom and/or for what reason?
 * See explanation above about Keir. SusunW (talk) 18:19, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I inserted "by Falconer" ... "because he was aware of her declining health". Again, the actual reason is implied, not stated. SusunW (talk) 23:32, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * SusunW - did you mean 'Keir' at this point? My impression was that it was Keir who visited her and did the coercing, because he didn't want Falconer coming between him and Macpherson Grant. Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Oh lordy, you are absolutely correct, Fixed it, so sorry. SusunW (talk) 14:46, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "William Grant of Wester Elchies" Who was he and why might he care about Macpherson Grant's buildings?
 * So, going purely on the name, he seems to be a rare example of a member of the Grant family who wasn't called Alexander. The Grants were locally powerful and numerous - Wester Elchies was a nearby estate and house, and my guess is that William is a some sort of cousin of Macpherson Grant. I'll do a bit more research to see whether I can establish a clearer link. Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I can't find anything more about thie William Grant unfortunately. I think it's highly likely that he is the son of James William Grant (astronomer), but I can't find any sources to confirm that, or to confirm a direct family link between him and Margaret Macpherson Grant. We could perhaps describe him in the article as "another member of the Grant family and owner of a nearby estate"? Girth Summit  (blether)  12:57, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I went back to Shaw and about Wester Elchies he says it was in the Grant family for over 150 years, passing from Alexander Grant to his son Robert, who died in 1803 and another son Charles, who died in 1828. As there were no other heirs in that line it passed to James William Grant (of Bengal), who died in 1865. It passed to his son William Grant of Carron, who died in 1865 (which is a wrong date) and thereafter passed to Henry Alexander Grant in 1877. Henry Alexander was still in residence in 1882 at the time of Shaw's writing.p 111 So looking at then James William and Margaret (née Wilson) Grant's family, I found William, born 16 June 1809 in Calcutta, Bengal India who died 18 August 1877 and is buried at St Margaret’s.. He did not apparently die in 1882, but he did die after MacPhereson Grant, and in the same year that Henry Alexander inherited. In light of the statement that Grant of Elchies owned the old ruined church at Aberlour, which burned in 1861 and which he bought from the other legatees (Shaw 182), I am positive this is the correct William. SusunW (talk) 16:16, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "The Proctors were too impoverished to care for the estate" Given that they had just come into wealth beyond their dreams, that could do with some explaining.
 * Would that I could, but the source doesn't say anything other than "Her successors were too poor to occupy the mansion house…Fortunately the late Mr. Findlay, proprietor of The Scotsman, purchased the estate".p 73 (Asset rich, cash poor?) SusunW (talk) 23:32, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm not entirely happy with the word 'impoverished' actually - it is a bit jarring when we are saying they have just inherited vast wealth. My guess here is that, with Macpherson Grant's wealth split between a number of cousins, no individual one of them could afford the upkeep of the house and estate in Aberlour. (Death duty may have played a part in this as well - not really something I know much about, but I think they could swallow up a lot of ready cash from an estate, or even force the heir to choose between mortgaging or selling property if they weren't independently wealthy themselves; this is speculation though without a better source.) I wonder whether we could rephrase this simply to say "The Proctors could not afford to care for the estate..." and leave it at that? Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I've gone ahead and changed this sentence a bit - are we happy this is better? Girth Summit  (blether)  12:57, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * "unable to afford the expense of maintaining the estate" looks good to me. Yes, it's tough because don't really know why. We can logically see why they might not be able to, but without a source, we can't really say more. SusunW (talk) 14:51, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Is it worth mentioning subsequent uses of Aberlour House?
 * I'll be happy to add a bit about this into the 'legacy' section - watch this space. Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * ✅ Girth Summit  (blether)  12:57, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * What, if any, is the relationship between the orphanage's chapel and St Margaret's Church?
 * They're the same thing - St Margaret's Church was the chapel for the orphanage. I'll check through the text and make sure this is clear. Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * ✅ Girth Summit  (blether)  12:57, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

Gog the Mild (talk) 16:56, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I've made a few changes - just typed out a blow-by-blow account of them, but got an edit conflict with SusunW - my fault for taking so long to type it. I've got to dash now, but will come back to this tomorrow - please let me know if you think the stuff I've added about Keir is valid based on the sources, or if I'm treading too close to OR. Girth Summit  (blether)  18:35, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I stopped for the same reason. We are too eager ;) SusunW (talk) 19:03, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Since we were stepping on each other's toes (or is that fingers?), I went away until I was sure y'all would be sleeping. Sorry for the earlier confusion . I think between what you cleared before you stopped and what I cleared, we only have a few points outstanding. SusunW (talk) 23:32, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * No worries SusunW! I've put a few comments above - there are a couple of points I'll try to address later today, would you mind checking the bit where you added 'Falconer' (I think you meant Keir at that point, unless I've misunderstood). Cheers Girth Summit  (blether)  06:56, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

OK Gog the Mild, SusunW, I think we've finished the last set of comments, and I've removed the notes from the second and third inflation-adjusted figures. Girth Summit  (blether) 16:19, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * , didn't want to step on your fingers again. See above section on William Grant. We need to fix his death date and possibly link him to his dad.SusunW (talk) 16:28, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * It looks like you are correct there - I was probably barking up the wrong tree with regard to the astronomer chap. With regard to the date, looking again at the source, the date of 1882 is just a headline on the charity's website - it doesn't directly state that that is the date he died. It could potentially be the date that they received the funds (which might presumably have been delayed somewhat with a large estate) - this might well be the right person. Do you want to make any changes to the content based on what you've found? Girth Summit  (blether)  16:41, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * On it. But you weren't wrong, you were absolutely correct. The astronomer was the guy who lived in Bengal. Give me two shakes. SusunW (talk) 16:46, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Okay, I think I'm done with it, if you agree with the text modifications. SusunW (talk) 16:53, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Yep, I'm happy with the changes - great work finding all that. Girth Summit  (blether)  17:01, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Hi - I think SusunW and I believe we've addressed all the outstanding points that we can now. The 'burial aisle' issue is the only thing we haven't really done anything about. Pondering on it a bit more, it occurs to me that Aberlour Church had been destroyed by fire, and was probably a picturesque ruin - this addition might be an external memorial tacked onto the ruins of the church, where a normal burial aisle would have been had the church still been intact.
 * I wanted to touch on your suggestion about FAC earlier - I can't speak for SusunW, but I for one would be very excited to go ahead with that, having never been involved in FAC and eager to push this as far as I can. Having had a quick look at WP:FAC, I see that it recommends first timers seek the involvement of a mentor before making their first nomination. Your name isn't on the list of mentors, but if you'd be interested I'd be delighted; if not, I had a very positive experience with Josh Milburn when he reviewed my first GA nom, so I might reach out to them when we're done with this GA review. Girth Summit  (blether)  18:19, 25 September 2019 (UTC)

Break 2
Comments in random order, sorry.

 * I have switched the image of the church from px to upright. If you don't like the size, feel free to change - it is the same size as the image of the house. Please do not put it back to px.
 * Thanks - sorry, I forgot to check that image, I should have changed that after you showed me how to do it with the other one. Yes, I'm happy with the new size. Girth Summit  (blether)  09:47, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

 * SusunW: I have made a note of Inter-Allied Women's Conference and will be rereading and coming back to you with any thoughts regarding preparing it for FAC. I will post my thoughts on tables there.
 * Thank you :) SusunW (talk) 04:13, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

 * "burial aisle": you can only go with what your sources say, so fine. Possibly the source also knew diddly about churches, although I like your OR supposition.
 * Keir: the situation is much clearer now. Thanks.
 * "William Grant of Wester Elchies" Good work. The splitting into thematic paragraphs also improves the flow. (And preempts a comment from me.)
 * I was really happy to find that obit that tied it all together nicely. SusunW (talk) 04:13, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

 * A last query from me "a partner of her agents at Milne & Co." reads as if "her agents" refers to Temple's. If so, a sentence earlier stating that Temple had been directing Macpherson Grant's business affairs, or had her power of attorney or whatever. If the agents were Macpherson Grant's then a brief explanation of how or why Temple was able to instruct them would be helpful.
 * I added Macpherson Grant's before agents, but I don't think we know why Temple was empowered to do anything. SusunW (talk) 04:13, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * , your change is good. If I remember correctly (I'd have to trawl through the sources again to find where I got this impression from), Temple managed quite a lot of Macpherson Grant's affairs while they lived together - I'm guessing that this was because Macpherson Grant had little interest in account-keeping, and the drinking wouldn't have helped. Again, I think this feeds into the stuff about Keir and Falconer - she knew that Macpherson Grant would be vulnerable after she had left. Girth Summit  (blether)  09:51, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes, same impression I got. Temple cared for Grant, she tried to keep her from harm. Gee, you know, what couples do ;) SusunW (talk) 12:48, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Girth Summit: I am not listed as I have only had 13 FAs so far (plus one at FAC) the first of these only 9 months ago, so it seemed premature. Not to mention all of them being between 1333 and 1355; and eleven between 1345 and 1347; you could say that they are a bit specialist. That said, I have listed myself as a possible mentor in a couple of other areas and do a fair bit informally. However, I have no article creation experience of biographies, and you should seriously consider being mentored by an editor who has this area down pat. If, on reflection, you would both like me to mentor you, I would be happy to; if you would rather go with Josh, I shall take no offense.
 * I am always happy to have mentors. Honestly, I would have quit WP my first year had it not been for Montanabw and Dr. Blofeld finding me and helping me. The technical stuff, the entrenchment, the aggressiveness are all things that I find overwhelming, especially over the last year, when I have had so many more real life issues going on. I am still terrified of FA, *especially anything more having to do with photos), but I am willing to give it a go. SusunW (talk) 04:13, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * , given the amount of effort you've put in on this article already, I'd be delighted for you to act as mentor here. I hear what you're saying about this being outside of your speclialisation, but after 13FAs I'm sure you're familiar enough with the process, and you've already put a lot of work in on this review. If we get stuck I'm sure we can reach out to Josh or someone else for a steer. Girth Summit  (blether)  09:55, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

Gog the Mild (talk) 23:34, 25 September 2019 (UTC)

This is a high quality article, easily meeting the GA standards and I am promoting it. You are no doubt aware that you now have seven days to nominate it for DYK. The assessment process has been as much fun as I have ever had with a GAN, so thanks to both of you. I will take a break for a few days, then come back with some "formal" suggestions for FAC. Meanwhile, I shall put some thoughts down on the talk page - don't take them too seriously, they are by way of scratchpad jottings, but do feel free to throw your own thoughts or responses in. Gog the Mild (talk) 11:50, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Thank you so much . Always a pleasure to work with you to improve an article. It was fun to work with you as well . May I list the article on WP:WIG's 2019 targets? SusunW (talk) 12:59, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

 * I am not sure that permission is required, but SFAICS it meets the criteria. Gog the Mild (talk) 13:24, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Trust me, permission is required. There have been some really unpleasant dustups at both WiR and WiG for listing things without permission. If concurs I'll be happy to add it to our lists there, but would not presume to do so without agreement. SusunW (talk) 13:28, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
 * , of course I'd be delighted for you to add it there - I'm pleased to be able to support these projects. thanks for all your efforts with the review. I'm looking forward to your thoughts on moving forward with improvement to FA, and to working with you both on that. Cheers  Girth Summit  (blether)  14:43, 26 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Margaret Macpherson Grant/GA1


text:
SLIP (programming language)

SLIP is a list processing computer programming language, invented by Joseph Weizenbaum in the 1960s. The name SLIP stands for Symmetric LIst Processor. It was first implemented as an extension to the Fortran programming language, and later embedded into MAD and ALGOL. The best known program written in the language is ELIZA, an early natural language processing computer program created by Weizenbaum at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.

General overview
In a nutshell, SLIP consisted of a set of FORTRAN "accessor" functions which operated on circular doubly linked lists with fixed-size data fields. The "accessor" functions had direct and indirect addressing variants.

List representation
The list representation had four types of cell: a reader, a header, a sublist indicator, and a payload cell. The header included a reference count field for garbage collection purposes. The sublist indicator allowed it to be able to represent nested lists, such as (A, B, C, (1, 2, 3), D, E, F) where (1, 2, 3) is a sublist indicated by a cell in the '*' position in the list (A, B, C, *, D, E, F). The reader was essentially a state history stack—a good example of a memento pattern—where each cell pointed to the header of the list being read, the current position within the list being read, and the level or depth of the history stack.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: SLIP (programming language)


text:
Shadab, Razavi Khorasan

Shadab (, also Romanized as Shādāb; also known as Shādāb Ja‘farābād) is a village in Mazul Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,426, in 367 families.

title: Shadab, Razavi Khorasan


text:
Gregor Huebner

Gregor Huebner (born May 23, 1967) is a violinist, pianist and composer. He performs solo and with several ensembles including El Violin Latino, Sirius Quartet, Berta Epple and Salsafuerte. From 1985 to 2012 he was a member of Tango Five. He is a professor of composition at the University for Music and Theater in Munich, Germany. In 2017 he received the Grand Prize for New York Philharmonic's New World Initiative Composition Challenge for his composition “New World, Nov 9. 2016.”

Life and work
Following his graduation from the Ravensburger Spohn school, Huebner studied classical violin, jazz piano and composition at the Conservatories of Vienna and Stuttgart with Florian Auer Two and Gerhard Voss.

In 1985, Huebner and his brother Veit Hübner began performing with Tango Five. The band performed both at the World Exhibition 1992 (Seville) and 2000 (Hanover) and at the 2004 Athens Olympics. They also appeared at the 1998 Tango Festival in Montevideo and Buenos Aires. Tango Five disbanded in 2012. Three members (Bobbi Fischer, Gregor Huebner and Veit Hübner) created a new group called Berta Epple in 2012.

In 1996, he began collaborating with pianist Richie Beirach. Their album Round About Frederik Mompou was nominated for the Latin Grammy 2002. Other recordings include Round About Bartok released in March 2000 (ACT company), Beirach/Huebner/Mraz Round about Monteverdi in 2003 and Duo Beirach/Huebner Duality (Niveau Records) in 2007.

In 1997, he began work with Johnny Almendra on three albums Los Jovenes del Barrio, Eye Contact and Son Radical. He played with Randy Brecker, John Patitucci, Billy Hart, Mark Feldman, Smokey Robinson, David Darling, Uri Caine, Tim Hagans and the Absolut Ensemble. He recorded with Joe Zawinul and Diane Reeves.

In 2009, he released Exercises, Etudes and Concert Pieces with Advanced Music and Eric Carle's Ich habe die Geige klingen sehen at the Gerstenberg Verlag. In the same year he published his orchestra compositions at Norsk Musikvorlag. In the same year he scored the movie Bergwehen for the German movie channel ZDF together with Gerd Baumann. The movie was nominated for the German TV Awards in 2011.

Huebner's critically acclaimed Latin Jazz album El Violin Latino was released in 2011. The Latin Jazz Network selected it as a Noteworthy Recording of 2011 and the album won Nr. 3 Best CD in 2011 on WBGO New York. He is currently recording a new album entitled El Violin Latino - Vol 2. The album features musicians—Johnny Almendra, Latin percussion, Klaus Mueller, piano, Ruben Rodriguez, bass, Louis Bauzo, Latin percussion, Jerome Goldschmidt, percussion, Marcos Napa, Afro-Peruvian percussion and Karen Joseph, flute—performing new arrangements of Cuban, Brazilian & Tango Music. It is expected to be released in the fall of 2015.

Musical style
Huebner's style as a composer is a mix of his musical heritage, the folk music of eastern Europe, his studies of contemporary music and "Neue Music" in Vienna and Stuttgart. While studying and living in New York City he focused on Jazz Improvisation and developed a keen interest in different kinds of world music particularly Latin American music styles. As a violinist and pianist he performs all of these styles with his groups, El Violin Latino, Sirius Quartet, Berta Epple, Richie Beirach Duo/Quartet, his own NY-NRG Quartet and his newly founded Munich Composers Collective.

Prizes, awards, and commissions
Huebner has been lauded with awards in Europe and the United States including the Jazz award of the State Baden-Württemberg in 1998 and the "President’s Award" of the Manhattan School of Music in 1996. In 2017 he was awarded the Grand Prize for New York Philharmonic’s New World Initiative Composition Challenge for his composition “New World, Nov 9. 2016.”

He has written commission for Intentional Bachakademie in Stuttgart, Germany, Grand Theatre Luxemburg, Musikfest Stuttgart 2010, Tribeka New Music Festival 2012, a piano concerto for Musikfest Stuttgart in 2013. He 2014 he was commissioned to compose a lyrical setting of poems by William Blake written for Sirius Quartet and the Stuttgart Collegium Iuvenum Boys Choir and an orchestral composition for the Radio Symphonie Orchester and the SWR Big Band.

His works have been premiered by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, Landesakademie Ochsenhausen, and his string quartet “NYC” premiered at the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh.

Huebner has performed in Jazz festivals around the globe including Cork (Ireland), Tbilisi (Georgia), Montreux, New York (JVC, Bell Atlantic), Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles, CA (Tango Festival), Stuttgart, Germany (Jazz Open) and Porto (Portugal). Sirius Quartet performed at the Taichung Jazz Festival, Taiwan's largest jazz event, in 2013 and 2014. The 2014 Festival opened with a performance by English Jazz Pianist John Escreet performing with Sirius Quartet.

He has performed at major concert halls around the globe including Carnegie Hall, Apollo Theater, Berlin Philharmonie, Frauenkirche in Dresden, Gewandhaus Leipzig. Each summer he participates in an International Summer Music Festival in Messinia, Greece.

Discography

 * Berta Epple: Egal was kommt (2014)
 * SalsaFuerte: feat: Ymaria (Edel Content)
 * Gregor Huebner: Racing Mind (Neuklang)
 * Gregor Huebner: El Violin Latino (peregrino music)
 * Sirius Quartet: Cityscapes (CD Baby)
 * Musik in Deutschland 1950–2000 (Sony/BMG)
 * Gregor Huebner: New York Lounge (Niveau Records)
 * Salsafuerte: Fantasia (Peregrina Music)
 * Gregor Huebner / New York NRG Quartet (Niveau Records)
 * Sirius String Quartet: In between (Cimp Records)
 * Huebner / Schwarz / Huebner / Württembergischer Kammerchor: FigureJazz (Niveau Records)
 * Richie Beirach / Gregor Huebner: Duality (Niveau Records)
 * Marino / Huebner / Beirach: Beauty (Intuition)
 * Salsafuerte: No Limits (Peregrina Music)
 * TANGO FIVE: Europique Music (Peregrina Music)
 * TANGO FIVE: Amando à Buenos Aires (Peregrina Music)
 * TANGO FIVE: Obcesion (Satin Doll + Tokuma Japan)
 * TANGO FIVE: Symphonic Tango Night (Mediaphon)
 * Beirach / Hübner / Mraz: Round About F. Mompou (ACT)
 * Beirach / Hübner / Mraz: Round About Bartok (ACT/Tokuma)
 * Beirach / Hübner / Mraz: Round About Monteverdi (ACT)
 * Gregor Hübner Quintet: Panonien (Satin Doll, Jazzheads)
 * Gregor Hübner Quintet: Januschke's time (Satin Doll)
 * The Huebner Brothers: Memories (Satin Doll)
 * Beirach / Hübner Duo: New York Rhapsody (Tokuma/Japan)
 * Bernd Ruf / Gregor Hübner: New York Stories (Mediaphon)
 * Paul Schwarz / Gregor Hübner: elegie (dml-records)
 * Salsa Fuerte: Nuyorican Nights

Compositions

 * July 2014 - "Clockwork Interrupted" for Big Band and Symphonic Orchestra - World Premiere July 10, 2014
 * June 2014 “Six Songs of Innocence,” a lyrical setting of poems by William Blake, performed by Sirius Quartet and the Collegium Iuvenum Stuttgart Boys Choir - World Premiere June 10, 2014
 * May 2012 - CUBAN BLUES, the new CD by Salsafuerte released on Edel Records features compositions by G.Huebner a.o.
 * April 2012 - Premier of "Colors of the East" for string quintet and accordion, commissioned by Tribeka New Music, New York for the TNM Festival 2012
 * March 2012 - US premiere of Huebner's Violinkonzert Nr.2 and Ground Zero for violin and orchestra with the Nova Philharmonic Orchestra in der Good Shepherd Church New York
 * January 2012 - ELLEGUA'S MIND, commissioned for a production of the SWR Radio BigBand for the 60-year anniversary of the state Baden Württemberg Jubilaeum
 * January 2011 - EL VIOLIN LATINO released on the Peregrina label with compositions by Gregor Huebner next to well known Cuban, Brazilian and Argentinian compositions.
 * 2010/11 - In the 2010/2011 concert season "Cuban Impressions" was played by the New York-based contemporary music group Face The Music including a performance at the ASCAP concert music awards
 * September 2010 - Premiere of "De Profundis für Schumann" for choir, orchestra and 7 soloists, commissioned by the International Bachakademy in Stuttgart for the Musikfest 2010
 * May 2010 - The CD RACING MIND released on Neuklang features Gregor Huebner's compositions: Cello Concerto, Violin Concerto Nr.2, Cuban Impressions und Capriccio. This compositions are published by Enja Musikverlag.
 * March 2010 - Premiere of "Drums and Dance" commissioned by Grand Theater Luxemburg and Theater Esch
 * November 2009 - Premiere of "Streichquintett Nr1 op35" with the Sirius String Quartet and Ken Filiano on bass in a concert at Salon Harlem in New York
 * September 2009 - Score for the movie "Bergwehen" in cooperation with Gerd Baumann for the German ZDF Channel
 * June 2009 - Book release "Ich habe die Geige klingen sehen" by Eric Carle including Gregor Hübner,s Komposition "I see a song" on
 * May 2009 - Latin Violin, African Portraits and Conga Concerto published by Norsk Music Vorlag in Norway
 * February 2009 - Premiere: Sirius String Quartet meets Isabel Gotzkowski and Friends, performing Gregor Huebner's String Quartet #2 op8
 * January 2009 - Concert at the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh: Sirius String Quartet playing the Strinquartet #3 op27 composed by Gregor Huebner
 * November 2008 - Premiere of the “Double concerto for saxophon, violine and orchestra” a commission of the town Rutesheim
 * October 2008 - Premiere of the “Cello concerto Nr.1” for violoncello and orchestra at the state Academie of music Ochsenhausn
 * November 2007 - Premiere of “Buxtehude 21” at the Buxtehude festival in Lübeck and “Mayim” for 10 Musicians and 33 dancers at the Stadtheater Fürth
 * October 2007 - Premiere of “New York, string quartet #3” and “Cuban Impressions” for string quartet and string orchestra
 * March 2007 - Release of the CD “FigureJazz” on Niveau Records with works for choir by Poulenc and Huebner
 * February 2006 - Premiere of “Trazzom” for 2 violins, 2 pianos, violoncello and doublebass
 * December 2005 - Premiere of “African Visions” for string quintet and basson at the Lyric Chamber Music Society of New York
 * October 2005 - USA Premiere “Verlorene Worte-Gefundener Klang” at the German Consulate in New York. Premiere of “I see a song” for violin solo commissioned by the state library of Baden Württemberg
 * September 2005 - Premiere of “Bach 21” for Orchestra, 5singers, cello, violin and sopranosax at the European Musicfestival and Premiere of “Salve Regina” for choir and organ at the state academie of music Ochsenhausen
 * July 2005 - 2007 - Composer in residence at the “state academie of music Ochsenhausen” for one year
 * July 2004 - Ludwigsburger Schlossfestspiele “Le miroir d’un moment“ with the Chamber Choir of the state Baden-Württemberg, conducted by Dieter Kurz
 * April 2004- Pittsburgh Premiere of "New York Stories“ with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra conducted by Lucas Richman and Andrés Cárdenes
 * February 2004 - Premiere of the composition “5 Latin pieces for piano” performed by Peter von Wienhardt as part of the concert series in the city of Kleve
 * November 2003 - Premiere of “Le miroir d’un moment“ with the Chamber Choir of the state Baden-Württemberg, conducted by Dieter Kurz
 * December 2002 - Premiere of “African Portraits", a commissioned work by the city Stuttgart, with the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra conducted by Bernd Ruf
 * September 2002 - Premiere of “Latin Suite" op. 12 for Marimba, Horn and Strings with Katarzyna Mycka (Marimba), Darius Mikulski (Horn)and the Lotus string quartet
 * July 2002 - Premiere of "Concerto for Zbiggy" op. 10 for Solo violin and string orchestra with the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra and Gregor Hübner (violin)
 * November 2001 - Premiere of the string quartet "Verlorene Worte – Gefundener Klang" with the German American Chamber Ensemble
 * June 2001- Premiere of the second version of "Russian Sketches" with the Heilbronn Chamber Orchestra
 * March 2001 - Premiere of his composition "Concerto for Conga solo, Piano, Marimba, Timpani and String Orchestra" by the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra at the Liederhalle Stuttgart
 * June 2000 - USA Premiere of "In Memoriam Bela", "New York Stories" and "Russian Sketches" at the Bell Atlantic Jazz Festival in New York, featuring Joe Lovano and Richie Beirach
 * March 2000 - Premiere of "Russian Sketches" a composition for the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra
 * 1997–1998 In 1997 and 1998 recording of two original compositions (New York Stories and In Memoriam Bela) and release on the CD "New York Stories" featuring Philharmonia Virtruosi. Premiere of this program in the Liederhalle Stuttgart with the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra conducted by Bernd Ruf
 * 1997 - Premiere of "Hymnus für Klavier" with Peter Winhardt played in the German consulate in New York
 * 1996 - Premiere of the composition "New York Stories" in Ravensburg
 * 1996/95 - Premiere of "Movement for piano, bass and string quartet" and “Thema und Variationen für Violine Solo" at the Manhattan School of Music

Scholarships and awards

 * 2017 - Grand Prize - New York Philharmonic’s New World Initiative Composition Challenge "New World, Nov 9. 2016"
 * 2013 - Bayerischer Filmpreis - Bavarian Film Award "Brücke am Ibar / My Beautiful Country"
 * 2012 - Arras Film Festival Audience Award
 * 2011 - Best Latin Jazz CD #3 2011 WBGO for "El Violin Latino"
 * 2011 - German TV Award Nomination for "Die Hebamme"
 * 2010 - Festival(Igualada/Spanien) "Official Jury Awards“ for "Die Hebamme"
 * 2008 - Cultural Award of the Sudeten Germans 2008
 * 2002 - Latin-Grammy Nomination in the Category "Best Latin Jazz Album"
 * 2002 - Scholarship of the Foundation for arts of the State Baden-Württemberg
 * 1998 - Jazz award of the State Baden Württemberg
 * 1996 - "President’s Award" of the Manhattan School of Music
 * 1994 - Scholarship of the Foundation for Music of the State of Baden Württemberg
 * 1993 - Award of the counties of Ravensburg and Weingarten
 * 1992 - Culture award of the State Baden-Württemberg
 * 1989 - Youth-Jazzaward 1989 with the group Bel Art Trio

Education

 * 1994–1996, Manhattan School of Music, Master of music in Jazz / Performance / Composition. Studied with Harold Danko, John Hicks, Richie Beirach and Ludmilla Uhlela (composition).
 * 1990–1994, Hochschule für Music, Stuttgart. Studied classical violin with Prof. Voss (Melos Quartet) and Jazz piano with Paul Schwarz. Graduated in Performance and Education.
 * 1988–1990, School of Music, Vienna. Studied classical violin with Prof. Zwiauer, first chair of the Vienna Symphonics.

title: Gregor Huebner


text:
File:ArtRage2Chalk100.jpg

Used with the WikiU Film School Lesson on how to draw thumbnail storyboards with ArtRage2 free version.

title: File:ArtRage2Chalk100.jpg


text:
outer planet

Noun

 * 1)  Any planet of the Solar System whose orbit is located beyond the asteroid belt, i.e., any of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune.

Translations

 * Estonian: välisplaneet
 * French: planète externe
 * German: äußere Planet
 * Hungarian: külső bolygó
 * Italian: pianeta esterno
 * Odia: ବାହାର ଗ୍ରହ
 * Spanish: planeta externo

title: outer planet


text:
Deroy Duarte

Deroy D'Encarnação Duarte (born 4 July 1999) is a professional football player who plays as a midfielder for Bulgarian First League club Ludogorets Razgrad. Born in the Netherlands, he represents the Cape Verde national team.

Sparta Rotterdam
Duarte played youth football for Sparta Rotterdam. As the Tweede Divisie was reintroduced, he began playing regularly for Jong Sparta Rotterdam who had joined the Dutch football league system. In the 2016–17 season, he was on Sparta's first-team bench for a few games without making an appearance.

He made his professional debut for Sparta in the 2017–18 season, replacing Stijn Spierings in the 81st minute of a 3–0 away loss to VVV-Venlo. Sparta was relegated to the Eerste Divisie that season. However, he was part of the team that finished second and returned to the Eredivisie after winning the promotion play-off against TOP Oss and De Graafschap.

In the following 2019–20 season, he was mainly a substitute, with his brother Laros Duarte among the players ahead of him in the pecking order. However, he established himself as a regular starter in his fifth and final season at Sparta, during the 2020–21 season. His contract with Sparta expired in June 2021, with Duarte having scored a total of 13 goals in 115 appearances for the club.

Fortuna Sittard
On 12 August 2021, Duarte signed a three-year contract with Fortuna Sittard, who acquired him on a free transfer from Sparta. Two days later, he made his debut in the season opener against Twente, which was won 2–1. On 26 February 2022, he scored his first goal for the club against Cambuur.

International career
Born in the Netherlands, Duarte is of Cape Verdean descent. He was called up to represent the Cape Verde national team for a set of friendlies in March 2022. He debuted with Cape Verde in a 2–0 friendly win over Guadeloupe.

Personal life
He is the younger brother of the footballer Laros Duarte.

title: Deroy Duarte


text:
tapon

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cork
 * 2) stopper

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) fishhook

Noun

 * 1) bung; stopper
 * 2)  load; shedload

Etymology 1
Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) act of throwing away something
 * 2) wasted material; anything thrown away or wasted
 * 3) act of spilling
 * 4) spilled liquid
 * 5) banishment; deportation
 * 6) deportee
 * 1) banishment; deportation
 * 2) deportee
 * 1) deportee

Adjective

 * 1) thrown away for disposal; wasted
 * 2) spilled
 * 3) deported; banished

Adjective

 * 1) wasteful, fond of wasting materials

Etymology 2
, from.

Noun

 * 1) wine stopper; cork
 * 2) plug
 * 1) plug

title: tapon


text:
Cossila

Cossila is a neighbourhood of Biella, in Piedmont, northern Italy.

Overview
It is a borough located some km north-west from the centre of Biella, along the road leading to the sanctuary of Oropa. From its elongated shape came the Piedmontese saying Cosila, longa e sotila (in English: Cossila, long and thin).

Its southernmost part is called Cossila San Grato and the northernmost one Cossila San Giovanni.

History
Since 1940 Cossila was a separate comune (municipality), which also encompassed the village of Favaro.

title: Cossila


text:
Cookbook:Low Country Shrimp and Grits

| Seafood | North American cuisines | United States cuisine | Southern cuisine

Ingredients

 * 3–4 strips thick smoky bacon, cut into 1-inch pieces
 * ½ onion, minced
 * 2–3 cloves garlic, minced
 * 1 lb large shrimp, peeled (use peels to make stock)
 * Salt
 * 1 pint heavy cream, divided
 * 2–2½ cups shrimp stock
 * Butter
 * Black pepper
 * Cayenne pepper
 * Paprika
 * Chile flakes
 * Lime juice
 * 1 recipe coarse grain hominy grits, timed to finish when shrimp are ready to serve
 * 3–4 scallions, sliced

Procedure

 * 1) Fry bacon in a pan until not too crisp; remove and reserve.
 * 2) Sauté onion and garlic in bacon fat until just softened (about 2–3 minutes).
 * 3) Lightly season shrimp with salt and add to the pan; sauté until about half-cooked and just turning pink. Remove and reserve with the bacon.
 * 4) Deglaze pan with sherry.
 * 5) Add 1 cup (250 ml) cream, bring to boil, and reduce.
 * 6) Add 1 cup shrimp stock, bring to a high simmer, and reduce. The liquid should thicken; if necessary, add floured butter at this point (beurre manié).
 * 7) Season sauce with salt, pepper, chili flakes, cayenne, and paprika
 * 8) Add bacon and shrimp to the sauce, and cook gently until shrimp are just done.
 * 9) Add lime juice.
 * 10) Serve over grits, and garnish with scallions.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * Make the shrimp stock with shrimp peels and parts, dried shrimp flakes, mirepoix, and peppercorns.
 * The scallions can be replaced with minced chives.

title: Cookbook:Low Country Shrimp and Grits


text:
Zope

Zope is an open source web server built on top of Python. It is most commonly used for the content management systems Plone and CPS and the enterprise resource planning system ERP5. This textbook will help you install and operate a Zope server.

Installation
Zope Win32 binaries and source code can be downloaded at the Zope Website.

Windows
From the above page, download the file Zope-x.x.x-x-win32-x86.exe, where "x.x.x-x" is the version of Zope you want, such as 2.7.2-0. When the file is finished downloading, execute it. An installer should begin running.

A welcome screen should pop up. Click "Next", and after reading the Zope Public License, click "Next" again. This brings you to a prompt asking you for a Zope site name. You can select any alphanumeric name you wish, although "Zope" is a reasonable default.

You will then be asked to confirm the installation directory (by default C:\Program Files\Zope), and select an administrator username and password. For security reasons, it is highly recommended that you change these from the initial settings, as the Zope administration interface can be accessed over the Internet!

After clicking "Next" on this final screen, Zope will install itself into the specified directory and ask whether you want it to run as a service or if you would like to start it manually. If the system is not Windows NT–based (this includes Windows 2000 and XP), the only choice will be to run it manually.

Debian/Ubuntu using Debian packages
Get the zopex.x package, where "x.x" is the version of Zope.

After downloading and installing, there is no instance of Zope running or runnable yet; the Debian package provides a tool for configuring instances, dzhandle, which can be run from the shell. dzhandle can be used to make and remove Zope instances and to configure existing instances. To run it, you might need to be root.

To create a new instance, this syntax is used:

dzhandle -z  make-instance -m -t -r -u  [--service-user --service-port ]

For further information, consult the dzhandle manpage.

This can be used to start an instance:

dzhandle zopectl start

Building from source
After downloading the Zope source code, switch users to root using the su command. Change directories to the location in which you saved the archive, and untar the archive:

$ tar zxf Zope-x.x.x-x.tgz

where "x.x.x-x" is the version of Zope you downloaded, such as 2.7.2-0.

Change into the directory created by the archive extraction (usually Zope-x.x.x-x) and run the ./configure script. Assuming that you have the Python interpreter, the installation will be configured and the script will then ask you to run make. Execute the command,

 * does make ask questions during install?

and then <tt>make install</tt>.

By default, the Zope binary directory will be /opt/Zope-x.x, and the Zope data directory will be /usr/local/zope.

Getting Started

 * start Zope

Zope initially runs on port 8080 (9673 on Debian systems due to a port conflict). Therefore, you can test your server by opening your favorite Web browser and typing "http://localhost:8080/" into its location box. A Zope introductory page should load. If you get a "connection refused" error, make sure that Zope is actually started (a simple Ctrl-Alt-Del on Windows or <tt>ps aux</tt> on Unix and Linux should be enough for you to determine whether or not it is running).

The first thing you will want to do is log on to the Zope Management Interface, which is linked to near the bottom of the page. You will be asked for your administrative username and password, and then given access.

Using Zope with Apache
There are two methods of forwarding Zope information through Apache: mod_proxy and mod_rewrite. Some more notes are here.

title: Zope


text:
köraa

Etymology
From. .

Verb

 * 1)  To drive.

Conjugation
Since this term is slang, the following table uses slang forms and morphology.

title: köraa


text:
Basarab Panduru

Basarab Nică Panduru (born 11 July 1970) is a Romanian retired footballer and currently television pundit for Orange Sport.

Playing career
Born in Mârzănești, Romania, Panduru started his professional career with CSM Reşiţa where he played between 1987 and 1990, before being signed by Steaua București at the beginning of 1991. Panduru's first game with Steaua was in the Romanian Cup, when the Steaua's officials did not take into consideration that just prior leaving CSM Reşiţa, Panduru was set to miss the next game due to yellow cards, therefore Steaua București lost that game after a federal decision.

As soon as he joined Steaua București he became an important part of the team. In 1995, however he left Romania to play for S.L. Benfica. The life in the capital of Portugal was not that easy, and he was loaned to Neuchâtel Xamax for half a season, before re-joining S.L. Benfica at the start of the 1996–97 season.

In 1998, he was bought by S.L. Benfica's rivals from FC Porto but failed to make an impact. During the summer of 1999, Panduru was close to sign a contract with Brazilian club Internacional Porto Alegre however, the transfer did not materialize. Then Panduru signed for SC Salgueiros on loan from Porto, his third team in Portugal but after only half-a-season and long-term injuries Panduru decided to retire and become coach.

International career
During his career Panduru earned 22 caps for Romania, scoring one goal, and was in the squad for the 1994 World Cup.

Managerial career
Panduru's first coaching agreement was the one with Poli AEK Timișoara, signed in 2002. At Timișoara he met his former teammate from Steaua București, Anton Doboş, now the team's co-owner. The couple worked well together for a while, but in 2004 Panduru basically sacked himself when he made a bad remark, by saying: "The defenders are not footballers, they are only the ones who help the footballers". What Panduru did not take into consideration was that Anton Doboş, his boss, played as a defender.

He signed a new contract, this time with Oţelul Galaţi for the second half of the 2004–05 season without a league game, he left the team to sign with FC Vaslui in the summer of 2005, from where he was sacked after only few games. He was then the coach of FC Farul Constanţa before being sacked by the team owner after poor results.

At the end of October 2007 he signed on to manage second league team FC Progresul București.

In September 2009, Panduru was announced the new Director of Football of Steaua București, but on 14 May 2010, he resigned from this position, after a mutual agreement with the club's owner George Becali.

Club

 * Steaua București
 * Divizia A: 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95
 * Cupa României: 1991–92
 * Supercupa României: 1994

 * FC Porto
 * Primeira Divisão: 1998–99
 * Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 1999

title: Basarab Panduru


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/wowkampong.com

Links

 * wowkampong.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Users
No users found.

Additions
No additions recorded.


text:
Talk:Benjamin Jowett

Biased
This article is heavily biased against Orthodox (Evangelical) criticism of Jowett. I will do what I can to fix it, be it by substituting weasel words or by including critics quotations.

-- Leandro GFC Dutra 17:41, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Timeline
Article says he was given a Fellowship in 1838 and graduated in 1839. Is this correct -- it would be very unusual to get a Fellowship before graduation. --ukexpat 17:31, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

This is correct according to the Dictionary of National Biography, which states: "Reforms instituted at the beginning of the century, in which John Parsons, the master of Balliol, had been a protagonist, shaped the Oxford of Jowett's undergraduate years. The honour school of literae humaniores (Greats) had been set up, together with a network of prizes and scholarships, to raise the university's standards. Jowett won the Hertford scholarship for Latin after six months at Balliol, was elected a fellow of the college in November 1838 before he had even taken his degree, and gained a first class in Greats in the summer of the following year." While unusual, this is not out of character for Jowett, who was regarded as an exceptional scholar of classical language even before matriculating at Oxford. Again the Dictionary of National Biography states: "Jowett was admitted to St Paul's School, London, in June 1829. He was later to attribute his own ability in the Greek and Latin languages to two disciplines he acquired at the school: he learned by heart large quantities of poetry in those languages; and when he had translated a passage into English he regularly practised translating it back into the original. By the time he gained a scholarship to Balliol College in November 1835 he had come to be regarded by Dr John Sleath as the best Latin scholar the school had produced in his time as high-master. Jowett went up to Balliol in October 1836." Note that these quotations are only for the purpose of answering the question above. The excerpts may not be used in the main Wikipedia article as they are copyrighted material. Please abide by relevant copyright laws. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:06, 26 October 2011 (UTC)

The poem!
Here come I, my name is Jowett There is no knowledge but I know it. I am Master of this College All I know not isn't knowledge. This is probably the only occasion on which the general reader these days will encounter Jowett. For a reference - Jan Morris, Oxford (1968), page 184. However, it isn't obvious where in the current article it should be included... Tevildo (talk) 21:42, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

NPOV?
The whole article reads like one long obituary ... I'd at least like to see the reference to that. Language seems very POV and old-fashioned. Don't know enough about the subject to do any major editing but maybe somebody can at least tone it down a bit. --Aquinate (talk) 11:32, 10 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Agreed! It needs a massive rewrite for a 21st century readership, concentrating on Jowett rather than Florence Nightingale, who has her own article, and separating out the different strands of his life and work. Clifford Mill (talk) 16:42, 18 November 2016 (UTC)
 * This has to be one of the strangest Wikipedia articles out there. I doubt anyone cares enough about Jowett to rewrite it, but wow. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:38, 29 May 2022 (UTC)
 * 11 years later I came to this talk page just because of the same reason ... needs complete overhaul. Emad.Aziz 04:24, 28 April 2022 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Emad.aziz (talk • contribs)

Elsewhere in WP he is accused of dishonestly signing the 39 Articles to keep his job. Esedowns (talk) 18:47, 25 November 2022 (UTC)

Imperialism
Wasn't he famous for his efforts to get Balliol men into imperial and colonial positions, especially the ICS? In all, Balliol contributed some 250 men to the ICS. (His scholarship, on the other hand, was not highly thought of.) Esedowns (talk) 14:21, 25 November 2022 (UTC)
 * "His scholarship was not highly thought of?" The little ditty suggests otherwise! NRPanikker (talk) 01:53, 5 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Benjamin Jowett


text:
Royal Irish Regiment (1684–1922)

The Royal Irish Regiment, until 1881 the 18th Regiment of Foot, was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, first raised in 1684. Also known as the 18th (Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot and the 18th (The Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot, it was one of eight Irish regiments raised largely in Ireland, its home depot in Clonmel. It saw service for two and a half centuries before being disbanded with the Partition of Ireland following establishment of the independent Irish Free State in 1922 when the five regiments that had their traditional recruiting grounds in the counties of the new state were disbanded.

Formation to end 19th century

The regiment was formed in 1684 by the Earl of Granard from independent companies in Ireland. As Hamilton's Foot, it served in Flanders during the Nine Years War and at Namur on 31 August 1695, took part in the capture of the Terra Nova earthwork, later commemorated in the song 'The British Grenadiers.' In recognition, of this, William III renamed the unit as The Royal Regiment of Foot of Ireland.

As part of the Irish establishment, it escaped disbandment after the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick and when the War of the Spanish Succession began in 1701, returned to Flanders as part of Marlborough's field army. It served there throughout the war, including major actions at Schellenberg, Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde and Malplaquet.

The war ended with the 1713 Peace of Utrecht and in 1718, the regiment joined the garrison of the British-held island of Menorca, where it remained here until 1742, with the exception of a detachment sent to Gibraltar in 1727. The regiment spent most of the next 25 years on garrison duty in Britain and Ireland; in 1751, reforms ended the tradition of naming units after their current colonel and the regiment was officially ranked as the 18th Regiment of Foot.

Based in Ireland for most of the Seven Years' War, in July 1767 it arrived in North America and spent the next eight years on garrison duty in Philadelphia and different parts of Illinois. When the American War of Independence began in April 1775, most of the unit was in Boston; for the first time in over 50 years, it saw action at Lexington, Concord and Bunker Hill. Boston was abandoned in early 1776 and the regiment evacuated to Nova Scotia, where many of its men were drafted into other units, then to Dover Castle in England.

In 1782, it moved to Guernsey where in 1783 it helped the local militia put down a mutiny by soldiers of the 104th Regiment based at Fort George. The Government of Guernsey publicly thanked both units and awarded them a cash bounty of 100 guineas. After this, the unit returned to Gibraltar later in the year, where it remained until the Siege of Toulon in 1793 during the French Revolutionary Wars.

The 19th century
The regiment also saw action at the Battle of Alexandria in March 1801. The 1st Battalion served in Jamaica and the 2nd Battalion served in Curaçao during the Napoleonic Wars.

On 19 November 1807, 120 members of the 18th Regiment of Foot were drowned when HM Packet Ship Prince of Wales sank in Dublin Bay. They were buried at Merrion Cemetery, Bellevue. During the First Opium War in China, the regiment next saw action at the Capture of Chusan in July 1840, Battle of Canton in May 1841, Battle of Amoy in August 1841, Second Capture of Chusan in October 1841, Battle of Ningpo in March 1842, Battle of Tzeki in March 1842, Battle of Chapu in May 1842, Battle of Woosung in June 1842, and Battle of Chinkiang in July 1842. It took part in the Siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War; Captain Thomas Esmonde was awarded the Victoria Cross for saving a party of colleagues from a fire of shell and grape. The regiment also took part in the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

The 2nd Battalion, which was re-formed on 18 September 1857, began to arrive in New Zealand from 4 July 1863 and served in the Waikato and Taranaki campaigns of the New Zealand Wars. Captain Hugh Shaw won the Victoria Cross when he rescued wounded soldiers during a skirmish at Nukumaru near Whanganui.

The regiment was not fundamentally affected by the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s, which gave it a depot at Victoria Barracks in Clonmel from 1873, or by the Childers reforms of 1881 – as it already possessed two battalions, there was no need for it to amalgamate with another regiment. Under the reforms the regiment became The Royal Irish Regiment on 1 July 1881. It served as the county regiment of Tipperary, Waterford, Wexford and Kilkenny. Militarily, the whole of Ireland was administered as a separate command within the United Kingdom with Command Headquarters at Parkgate (Phoenix Park) Dublin, directly under the War Office in London.

The 1st Battalion was stationed in British India and Afghanistan from 1875 to 1884, when it were transferred to Egypt to take part in the Nile Expedition. It was back in home barracks from 1885 to 1891, then in Ireland until it was sent to South Africa as part of reinforcements for the Second Boer War in late 1899. The battalion took part in several battles, and played an important role at the Battle of Slabbert's Nek in July 1900 during the war.

The 2nd Battalion saw action in Egypt during the Anglo-Egyptian War in 1882. From 1884 it was stationed at Malta, then in India where it had various postings, including the last in Kamptee until it returned home in late 1902.

In 1908, the Volunteers and Militia were reorganised nationally, with the former becoming the Territorial Force and the latter the Special Reserve; the regiment now had two Reserve but no Territorial battalions.

Regular Army
The 1st Battalion landed at Le Havre as part of the 82nd Brigade in the 27th Division in December 1914 for service on the Western Front but moved to Salonika in November 1915. The 2nd Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 8th Brigade in the 3rd Division in August 1914 for service on the Western Front but was almost completely destroyed at the Battle of La Bassée in October 1914 with many men being taken as prisoners of war. The battalion was re-formed in October 1914 and, as part of the 22nd Brigade in the 7th Division saw further action at the Battle of the Somme, when it was involved in capturing three miles of the German frontline trenches, in Autumn 1916.

The 3rd (Reserve) Battalion, largely made up from local Dubliners, were the first army troops to engage the Irish rebels during the Easter Rising: the rebels were fighting to establish an Irish Republic in Dublin. Eight of the Royal Irish Regiment were killed and sixteen more wounded. Some of these are buried in Grangegorman Military Cemetery. A Royal Irish Regiment officer reported that "they regarded, not unreasonably, everyone they saw as an enemy, and fired at anything that moved".

New Armies
The 5th (Service) Battalion (Pioneers) landed in Suvla Bay as pioneer battalion for the 10th (Irish) Division in August 1915 but moved to Salonika in September 1915. The 6th (Service) Battalion landed at Le Havre as part of the 47th Brigade in the 16th (Irish) Division in December 1915 for service on the Western Front. The 7th (South Irish Horse) Battalion was formed in France as part of the 49th Brigade in the 16th (Irish) Division from the dismounted 1st and 2nd South Irish Horse in September 1917.

Disbandment
Due to substantial defence cuts and the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, it was agreed that the six former Southern Ireland regiments would be disbanded, including the Royal Irish Regiment. On 12 June, five regimental colours were laid up in a ceremony at St George's Hall, Windsor Castle in the presence of HM King George V. The six regiments were then all disbanded on 31 July 1922. With the simultaneous outbreak of the Irish Civil War conflict some thousands of their ex-servicemen and officers contributed to expanding the Free State government's newly formed National Army. They brought considerable combat experience with them and by May 1923 comprised 50 per cent of its 53,000 soldiers and 20 per cent of its officers.

Battle honours
The battle honours of the regiment were:
 * Early Wars: Namur 1695, Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Egypt, China, Pegu, Sevastopol, New Zealand, Afghanistan (1879–80), Tel-el-Kebir, Egypt 1882, Nile (1884–85), South Africa (1900–02)
 * The Great War: Mons, Le Cateau, Retreat from Mons, Marne 1914, Aisne 1914, La Bassée 1914, Ypres 1915 '17 '18, Gravenstafel, St Julien, Frezenberg, Bellewaarde, Somme 1916 '18, Albert 1916 '18, Bazentin, Delville Wood, Guillemont, Ginchy, Messines 1917, Pilckem, Langemarck 1917, St. Quentin, Rosières, Arras 1918, Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Canal du Nord, St Quentin Canal, Beaurevoir, Cambrai 1918, Courtrai, France and Flanders 1914–18, Struma, Macedonia 1915–17, Suvla, Landing at Suvla, Gallipoli 1915, Gaza, Jerusalem, Tell 'Asur, Megiddo, Nablus, Palestine 1917–18

Victoria Crosses
The following members of the Regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross:
 * Captain Thomas Esmonde, Crimean War
 * Captain Hugh Shaw, New Zealand Wars
 * Private John Barry, Second Boer War
 * Private (Acting Lance-Corporal) Frederick George Room, First World War

Great War memorials
The following are memorials of the Great War (World War I):

 * Irish National War Memorial Gardens, Dublin.
 * Island of Ireland Peace Park Messines, Belgium.
 * Ulster Tower Memorial Thiepval, France.
 * Menin Gate Memorial Ypres, Belgium.
 * Regimental Cross, La Bascule, Mons

Colonels
The colonels of the regiment were:

 * Earl of Granard's Regiment of Foot
 * 1684–1686: Lt-Gen. The 1st Earl of Granard
 * 1686–1688: Col. Viscount Forbes (The 2nd Earl of Granard from 1696)
 * 1688–1689: Col. Sir John Edgeworth
 * 1689–1692: Col. The 4th Earl of Meath
 * 1692–1705: Major-Gen. Frederick Hamilton

 * Royal Regiment of Foot of Ireland - (1695)
 * 1705–1712: Lt-Gen. Richard Ingoldsby
 * 1712–1717: Brig-Gen. Robert Stearne
 * 1717–1732: Brig-Gen. William Cosby
 * 1732–1735: Brig-Gen. Sir Charles Hotham, 5th Baronet
 * 1735–1742: Major-Gen. John Armstrong
 * 1742–1747: Gen. Sir John Mordaunt KB
 * 1747–1762: Lt-Gen. John Folliott

 * 18th (The Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot - (1751)
 * 1762–1794: Gen. Sir John Sebright, 6th Baronet
 * 1794–1811: Gen. Sir James Pulteney, 7th Bt
 * 1811–1832: Gen. The 2nd Earl of Donoughmore (he was styled as The 1st Baron Hutchinson up until 1825), KB
 * 1832–1850: Gen. The 5th Baron Aylmer, GCB
 * 1850–1877: F.M. Sir John Forster FitzGerald GCB
 * 1877–1882: Lt-Gen. Clement Alexander Edwards CB

 * The Royal Irish Regiment - (1881)
 * 1882–1886: Gen. Sir Alexander Macdonell KCB
 * 1886–1889: Gen. Sir Richard Denis Kelly KCB
 * 1889–1895: Gen. George Frederick Stevenson Call CB
 * 1895: Lt-Gen. Walter McLeod Fraser
 * 1895–1897: Lt-Gen. Sir Henry Marshman Havelock-Allan, Bt, VC, GCB
 * 1897–1918: Major-Gen. Charles Frederick Gregorie, CB
 * 1918–1922: Major-Gen. John Burton Forster CB

title: Royal Irish Regiment (1684–1922)


text:
Kambaata people

Kambaata people also spelt as Kambata or Kembata (Amharic: ከምባታ) are a Cushitic ethnic group that inhabits the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. They speak the Kambaata language. It was a province of Ethiopia beginning in the early 15th century through to the mid-17th century; Ethiopian rule was once again established in the late 19th century under Emperor Menelik II. During this first period, Kambaata province was largely Christianized. The former province is contained within the contemporary Kembata Tembaro Zone of SNNPR.

People
The Kambata tribe is one of the indigenous tribes in Ethiopia. Scientists categorize the Kambata as a highland east Cushitic tribe. In a broader sense, the term Kambata people, is used to describe the various clans and groups of Kambata [Kambata, Alaba, Tambaro]. More specifically, it refers to inhabitants around the heartland of Hambaricho massif. These three autonomous groups speaking dialects of the same language are collectively referred to as the Kambata people. The differences between the various groups of Kambata are not very strict. People are astonishingly mingled, intermarried and spoke one another’s languages. It is, herefore, difficult to specify clear boundaries of these groups

Demographics
According to Ethiopian statistics, the population of the Kambaata people was 5, 627,565, of which 90.89% live in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region. Almost one in five – 18.5% – live in urban areas.

The Kambaata people speak the Kambaata language, a Cushitic language.

History
The Kingdom of Kembata was ruled by long line of its own kings known as down. King Dagoye, from the Oyeta clan, was one of the famous kings known for expanding Kambata territories. The last independent king of Kambaata was king (Woma) Delbato Degoye.

An important landmark for the Kambaata people is Mount Hambaricho, where their king, Woma, used to live and the people used to celebrate annual festivities in the past. The king and the god of Kambaata lived there.

Language
Kambata language [self‐name Kambaatissa], [also Kambatigna in Amharic] is one of the working languages of Ethiopia. It is a moreknown language, spoken by around 4 million speakers. It includes a number of dialects, such as Tembaaro, Alaba, and Qabeena. It is closely related also to the Hadiyya and Sidama languages, spoken in the neighboring regions. All of these are classified in the group of Highland East Cushitic languages. They are further a part of the Cushitic group of the Afroasiatic language family.

Both the Latin script and Ge'ez script are used for writing. For example, the Bible (full New Testament and part of the Old Testament) has been published in Ge’ez script. The official established spelling usage [orthography] taught currently in primary schools in the region deviates from the International Phonetic Alphabet convention. For example, in the word Kambaata, the double letters $⟨aa⟩$ indicate length.

The language of inter‐ethnic communication is Amharic, the national language of Ethiopia. Kambatas have Amharic names, and some even speak Amharic as their first language. These days, traditional Kambata names are hardly given to children. English is the only spoken foreign language, and is the language of teaching in secondary schools.

Subsistence
They have various indigenous traditional cuisines, the most important of which is kocho, which is made from ensete. They also cultivate a variety of tubers, spices, coffee, crops, and vegetables.

Other clans in Kembata province, such as Tembaro, Alaba, and others, live together and form the Kambaata. Tanners Shekla Seriwoch is the most secluded clan in Kembata province; this clan is unable to participate in any socioeconomic activity with Kambaata. Tanners clan and Kambaata people could never marry.

Kambaata is one of the most densely populated regions in Ethiopia. Due to overpopulation and lack of economic opportunities in their region, they migrate to large cities, industrial areas, and large plantation farms. In recent years they experienced a large influx of migration to South Africa and Middle Eastern countries.

Notable Kambata

 * Biruk Lambiso – Professor of Orthopedics Surgery at Addis Ababa University
 * Aklilu Tizaz – Professor of Emergency Medicine at Addis Ababa University
 * Adane Girma – Ethiopian National Team Football Player
 * Shimelis Bekele – Ethiopian National Team Football Player
 * Loza Abera – Ethiopian National Team Football Player
 * Belachew Girma – A laughter king (Ethiopian Celebrity)
 * Adane Girma-Ethiopia National Team Football player
 * [[Yacob Arsano]] – Professor of Political Science at Addis Ababa University

title: Kambaata people


text:
Talk:Devin DeVasquez

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title: Talk:Devin DeVasquez


text:
User:Cohere-OTFS/sandbox

= Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) =

Orthogonal Time Frequency & Space (OTFS) is an innovative modulation scheme (air interface) that delivers a multi-dimensional characterization of the wireless channel to comprise a complete, continuous and reliable representation of the wireless channel.

OTFS’ two-dimensional (2D) modulation scheme modulates information (that is, QAM) symbols onto a set of 2D orthogonal basis function, which spans the bandwidth and time duration of the transmission burst or packet. This 2D modulation scheme transforms data carried in a delay-Doppler coordinate system to the familiar time-frequency domain that is utilized by traditional modulation schemes, such as OFDM, CDMA and TDMA. From a broader perspective, OTFS establishes a conceptual link between radar and communication.

OTFS overcomes inherent issues of wireless communication far more effectively than current modulation schemes, such as TDMA and OFDM, to dramatically increase bandwidth and throughput. Since OTFS is a multi-dimensional scheme, it completely changes how a wireless channel is seen – from the transmitter to the receiver and everything in between. OTFS manages signal defraction, reflection and absorption inherent in wireless transmission to virtually eliminate signal fading, capacity loss, and other issues to ensure excellent signal reception throughout coverage areas while maximizing throughput.

OTFS method of transforming the time-varying multipath channel into a time-invariant delay-Doppler two-dimensional convolution channel helps eliminate the difficulties in tracking time-varying fading, for example in high speed vehicle communication. Moreover, OTFS increases the coherence time of the channel by orders of magnitude. It simplifies signaling over the channel using well studied AWGN codes over the average channel SNR (signal-to-noise ratio). More importantly, it enables linear scaling of throughput with the number of antennas in moving vehicle applications due to the inherently accurate and efficient estimation of channel state information (CSI). In addition, since the delay-Doppler channel representation is very compact, OTFS enables massive MIMO and beamforming with CSI at the transmitter for four, eight, and more antennas in moving vehicle applications. The CSI information needed in OTFS is a fraction of what is needed to track a time varying channel.

History
Since the introduction of cellphones, every transition to a new generation of wireless network involves a disruption in the underlying air interface. Starting with the transition from 2G networks based on single carrier GSM to 3G networks based on code division multiplexing (CDMA), then followed by the transition to contemporary 4G networks based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).

The main motivation to introduce a new air interface is made when the demands of a new generation of wireless devices cannot be met by the current (legacy) technology. This can be because of performance, capabilities, and cost. For example, the demand for higher capacity data services drove the transition from interference-limited CDMA network (limited in flexibility to adapt and its inferior achievable throughput) to a network based on an orthogonal narrowband OFDM, which is optimally fit for opportunistic scheduling to achieve higher spectral efficiency.

Introduction
OTFS modulation scheme multiplexes QAM information symbols in a signal representation called delay-Doppler. In mathematical literature, the delay-Doppler representation is sometimes referred to as the lattice representation of the Heisenberg group. The structure was later rediscovered by physicists who refer to it as the Zak representation. Delay-Doppler representation generalizes time and frequency representations, rendering OTFS as a far-reaching generalization.

OTFS creates a waveform that optimally couples with the wireless channel to capture the physics of the channel. This yields a high-resolution delay-Doppler radar image of the constituent reflectors. This results in a simple symmetric coupling between the channel and the information carrying QAM symbols. The symmetry manifests itself through three fundamental properties: Invariance is the coupling pattern that is the same for all QAM symbols (that is, all symbols experience the same channel, or the coupling is a translation invariant). Separability (also known as, “hardening”) means that all diversity paths are separated from one another, which makes each QAM symbol experience all the diversity paths of the channel. Finally, orthogonality means that the coupling is localized, which implies that each QAM symbol remains roughly orthogonal to one another at the receiver. The orthogonality property should be contrasted with conventional PN (pseudonoise) sequence-based CDMA modulations, where every codeword introduces a global interference pattern that affects all the other codewords. The invariance property should be contrasted with TDM and FDM, where the coupling pattern vary significantly among different, time-frequency coherence intervals.
 * Invariance
 * Separability
 * Orthogonality

A variant of OTFS can be architected over an arbitrary multicarrier modulation scheme by means of a two-dimensional (symplectic) Fourier transform between a grid in the delay-Doppler plane and a grid in the reciprocal time-frequency plane. The Fourier relation creates a family of orthogonal 2D basis functions on the time-frequency grid, where each function can be viewed as a codeword that spreads over multiple tones and multiple multicarrier symbols. This interpretation renders OTFS as a time-frequency spreading technique that generalizes CDMA.

Key features
The following are the key features of OTFS:

Background
To begin to understand OTFS, consider the foundation of signal processing, which at its core revolves around two basic signal principles: time and frequency representation. Using Fourier transform, these two representations are interchangeable and complement one another.

Specifically, if a signal is localized in time, then it is non-localized in frequency. Equivalently, if a signal is localized in frequency, then it is non-localized in time (shown in the following figure). This mathematical fact hides a deeper truth. As it turns out, there are signals that behave as if they are simultaneously localized to any desired degree both in time and in frequency; that is, a property that renders them optimal both for delay-Doppler radar multi-target detection and for wireless communication (two use cases are strongly linked).

Signal Processing
The general framework of signal processing consists of three signal representations: All three are interchangeable by means of canonical transforms. The setting can be organized in a form of a triangle, as shown in the following figure. The nodes of the triangle represent the three representations (time, frequency and delay-Doppler), and the edges represent the canonical transformation rules that converts them.Note what happens in the limits of the variable 𝜏𝜏 → ∞ and the variable 𝜐𝜏 → ∞. In the first limit, the delay period is extended at the expense of the Doppler period contracting; thus, converging in the limit to a one-dimensional representation coinciding with the time representation. Equally, in the second limit, the Doppler period is extended at the expense of the delay period contracting; thus, converging in the limit to a one-dimensional representation coinciding with the frequency representation.
 * Time
 * Frequency
 * Delay-Doppler

Therefore, the time and frequency representations is a limiting case of the more general family of delay-Doppler representations. That is, all delay-Doppler representations are interchangeable by means of appropriately defined Zak transforms, which satisfies the commutativity relations generalizing the triangle relation. This means that the conversion between any pair of representations along the curve is independent of the polygonal path that connects them. Furthermore, the delay-Doppler representations and the associated Zak transforms constitute the building blocks of signal processing; in particular, to the classical notions of time and frequency and the associated Fourier transformation rule.

Modulation Scheme
Basically, communication theory is the transfer of information through two main physical media: wired and wireless. The method that couples a sequence of information-carrying QAM symbols with the communication channel is referred to as a modulation scheme. Thus, the channel-symbol coupling depends both on the physics of the channel and on the modulation carrier waveform. Consequently, every modulation scheme gives rise to a unique coupling pattern, which reflects the way the modulation waveforms interact with the channel.

The classical communication theory revolves around two basic modulation schemes, which are associated with the time and frequency signal representations. The first scheme multiplexes QAM symbols over localized pulses in the time representation called TDM (Time Division Multiplexing). The second scheme multiplexes QAM symbols over localized pulses in the frequency representation (and transmits them using the Fourier transform) called FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing). When converting the TDM and FDM carrier pulses to the delay-Doppler representation using the respective inverse Zak transforms, the TDM pulse reveals a quasi-periodic function that is localized in delay, but non-localized in Doppler. Conversely, converting the FDM pulse reveals a quasi-periodic signal that is localized in Doppler, but non-localized in delay. The polarized, non-symmetric delay-Doppler representation of the TDM and FDM pulses suggests a superior modulation based on symmetrically localized signals in the delay-Doppler representation.

OTFS allows for an infinite number of corresponding modulation schemes to the different delay-Doppler representation, which are parameterized by points of the delay-Doppler curve. However, the traditional time and frequency modulation schemes (that is, TDMA and OFDM) appear as limiting cases of the OTFS family, when the delay-Doppler periods approach infinity. The OTFS family of modulation schemes smoothly interpolates between time and frequency division multiplexing.

Carrier Waveform
An explicit description of the OTFS carrier waveform as a function of time, consider a two-dimensional grid in the delay-Doppler plane as specified by the following parameters:

Delay-Doppler Channel Symbol Coupling
The wireless channel is composed of a collection of specular reflectors, some static and some moving. The transmitted waveform propagates through the medium and bounces off each reflector. The signal that arrives at the receiver is a superposition of the direct signal and reflected echoes. Each of the reflected echoes arrives at the receiver at a delayed time (multipath effect) and (possibly) also the shift in frequency (Doppler effect) due to the relative velocity between the reflector and the transmitter/receiver. The channel physics is mathematically modeled through the delay-Doppler impulse response, where each tap represents a cluster of reflectors with specific delay and Doppler characteristics (as shown in the following figure).

Multi-carrier Interpretations of OTFS
One variant of OTFS is more adaptive to the classical multicarrier formalism of time-frequency grids and filter-banks, which illuminates that is aspects of OTFS that are not apparent from the Zak definition. As a result of this definition, OTFS can be viewed as a time-frequency spreading scheme composed of a collection of two-dimensional basis-functions (or codewords) defined over a reciprocal time-frequency grid. Another result is that OTFS can be architected as a simple pre-processing step over an arbitrary multicarrier modulation, such as OFDM. This definition is based on Fourier duality relation between a grid in the delay-Doppler plane and a reciprocal grid in the time-frequency plane.

The delay-Doppler grid consists of 𝑁 points along delay with spacing 𝛥𝜏 = 𝜏r/𝑁 and 𝑀 points along Doppler with spacing 𝛥𝜐= 𝜐r/𝑀 and the reciprocal time-frequency grid consists of 𝑁 points along frequency with spacing 𝛥𝑓= 1/𝜏r and 𝑀 points along time with spacing 𝛥𝑡= 1/𝜐r (as shown in the figure below). The parameter 𝛥𝑡 is the multicarrier symbol duration, and the parameter 𝛥𝑓 is the subcarrier spacing. The time frequency grid can be interpreted as a sequence of 𝑀 multi-carrier symbols each consisting of 𝑁 tones or subcarriers. Note that the bandwidth of the transmission 𝐵= 𝑀𝛥𝑓 is inversely proportional to the delay resolution 𝛥𝜏, and the duration of the transmission 𝑇= 𝑀𝛥𝑡 is inversely proportional to the Doppler resolution 𝛥𝜏. From a broader perspective, the Fourier duality relation between the delay-Doppler grid and the time-frequency grid establishes a mathematical link between Radar and communication, where the first theory is concerned with maximizing the resolution of separation between reflectors/targets (according to their delay-Doppler characteristics). In addition, the second is concerned with maximizing the amount of information that can be reliably transmitted through the communication channel composed of these reflectors.

Summary
OTFS is a novel family modulation scheme based on multiplexing the QAM information symbols over localized pulses in the delay-Doppler signal representation. The OTFS modulation schemes constitute a far-reaching generalization of traditional time and frequency modulation schemes such as TDMA and OFDM, which can be shown to be limiting cases of the OTFS family.

From a broader perspective, OTFS establishes a conceptual link between Radar and communication. The OTFS waveforms couple with the wireless channel in a way that directly captures the underlying physics, yielding a high-resolution delay-Doppler radar image of the constituent reflectors. Thus, the time-frequency selective channel is converted into an invariant, separable and orthogonal interaction, where all received QAM symbols experience the same localized impairment and all the delay-Doppler diversity branches are coherently combined.

The OTFS channel-symbol coupling allow linear scaling of capacity with the MIMO order while satisfying an optimal performance-complexity tradeoff both at the receiver end (using joint ML detection) and at the transmitter end (using Tomlinson-Harashima precode for MU-MIMO). OTFS enables significant spectral efficiency advantages in high order MIMO under general channel conditions over traditional modulation schemes including multicarrier modulations such as OFDM.

OTFS can be viewed as a special type of a time-frequency spreading technique, where each QAM symbol is carried by a two-dimensional basis function spread over the full time-frequency grid. When viewed as a time-frequency spreading technique, OTFS exhibits architectural compatibility with any type of multicarrier modulation scheme, including conventional OFDM. An OTFS packet can be flexibly designed to populate arbitrary regions of the time-frequency grid and be compatible with any convention for channel reference signaling. As a spread spectrum, OTFS enjoys resilience to narrowband interference and full diversity gain.

OTFS resilience to interference makes it ideal to supporting ultra-reliable low latency communication packets overlaid on regular data packets. OTFS diversity gain makes it ideal for communication under mobility conditions. OTFS supports a small packet allocation method (called Doppler transversal allocation) that maximizes link budget and minimizes number of retransmissions under transmit power and latency constraints by achieving the PAPR of single carrier, extracting full time-frequency diversity and maximizing restricted capacity. OTFS, with Doppler transversal allocation, is superior to conventional multicarrier DFT spread techniques such as SC-FDMA and its more elaborate hopped variant for applications of IoT.

3GPP has identified a variety of eMBB deployment scenarios that focus on MU-MIMO. The advantage of OTFS in scaling capacity with the MIMO order makes it ideal for these kinds of deployments. In addition, the new radio air interface must support high spectral efficiency in high Doppler environments. OTFS is ideally suited for these requirements, providing: high spectral efficiency and reliability under diverse channel conditions.

title: User:Cohere-OTFS/sandbox


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West Dakota

West Dakota is a drag queen based in Brooklyn, New York. She was crowned Mr(s) Brooklyn at Brooklyn's largest drag pageant in 2016 and Drag Queen of the Year at the Brooklyn Nightlife Awards in 2019. West Dakota hosts a weekly drag performance, Oops!, along with drag queens Chiquitita (née HaraJuku) and Magenta. In 2020, West Dakota along with mentor Merrie Cherry, Ceyenne Doroshow, Raquel Willis, the family of Iyanna Dior, and several black and transgender community organizations (Marsha P. Johnson Institute, The Okra Project, and Black Trans Femmes in the Arts) organized one of the largest silent marches in recent New York history.

Early life and education
In 2016, West Dakota graduated from Columbia University with a fine arts degree. Cindy Sherman and Nadia Lee Cohen are among the contemporary artists that have inspired her drag.

Work
After graduating from Columbia University, West Dakota made her first drag appearance in the fall of 2016. Intimidated at first after only four months of performing at various venues, she was crowned Mr(s) Brooklyn.

In 2019, West Dakota appeared in Document magazine's video Othered: the queer future of Asian-American identity. Along with stylist Paul Bui, pop star K Rizz, and Brooklyn-based DJ NK Badtz Maru, the video explored the lives of queer, trans, and non-binary Asians in culture and the media. She also performed at Opening Ceremony's Spring 2019 fashion show with a rendition of “Bassically” by Tei Shi with several other drag queens. West Dakota appeared at Bubble_T's 2020 Lunar New Years Party, a nightlife party for queer Asians in New York.

In 2020, West Dakota and fellow nightlife drag queen, Chiquitita (née HaraJuku), began hosting an online version of their collaborate weekly drag performance, Oops!. The show typically takes place at The Rosemont in Brooklyn and is co-hosted with Magenta and Crystal Mesh. After conversations with drag queen Merry Cherry about the George Floyd protests and police killing and brutality of Black transgender people, including Tony McDade, Nina Pop, and Iyanna Dior, West Dakota proposed a silent march along with community activists and organizers Raquel Willis, Ceyenne Doroshow, the family of Layleen Polanco, Fran Tirado, and Mohammed Fayaz. An estimated 15,000 attended the march which began on the steps if Grand Army Plaza.

West Dakota has modeled for Gypsy Sport, James Veloria, and Milk Makeup.

title: West Dakota


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User:Bell&arms

Bell and Arms are two angry and bitter ponies from Littlethorpe in Leicestershire England

Named after the two Public Houses in the adjacent village Narborough.

Bell is the alpha male and coerces Arms into all sorts of mischief.

The two Ponys sadly went missing in January 2006 and have not been seen since.

title: User:Bell&arms