text:
User:Msh210/Sandbox

__NEWSECTIONLINK__

adjectives ending in 'ly'

 * Feel free to recategorize items, and to add/remove categories.

time (noun) + ly
bihourly bimonthly biyearly daily half-hourly hourly midnightly midweekly monthly semimonthly semiweekly summerly trihourly trimonthly triweekly triyearly unsummerly weekly winterly yearly

person (noun) + ly
aldermanly authorly bachelorly bakerly bankerly bastardly beggarly bishoply bouncerly boxerly brokerly brotherly bumpkinly burgherly butcherly butlerly captainly carpenterly chairmanly chandlerly charwomanly chiefly chieftainly childly chirurgeonly churchmanly churchwardenly citizenly clerkly codgerly companionly composerly comradely conductorly connoisseurly courtierly cousinly cowardly coxcombly craftsmanly cullionly cuckoldly curmudgeonly dancerly dastardly daughterly deaconly demonly designerly directorly dowagerly draftsmanly draughtsmanly driverly dudely elderly farmerly fatherly fishwifely footmanly freshmanly friarly friendly geekly gentlemanly gentlewomanly giantly girlfriendly godfatherly godly goddessly godmotherly governorly grandfatherly grandmotherly grocerly guardianly handmaidenly headmasterly housekeeperly housemaidenly housemotherly housewifely huswifely insiderly kindredly kingly kinsmanly kinswomanly laggardly landlubberly lawyerly leaderly librarianly loverly lubberly magicianly maidenly maidly managerly manly marksmanly martyrly matronly mayorly merchantly messengerly ministerly miserly motherly musicianly narratorly neighborly neighbourly nerdly niggardly niggerly noblemanly nymphly officerly outsiderly painterly pally parently partnerly pastorly patricianly patronly performerly physicianly poetly policemanly politicianly porterly preacherly priestly princely princessly professorly quartermasterly queenly ragamuffinly rapscallionly rascally readerly reporterly ringmasterly ruffianly sailorly scholarly schoolmasterly schoolmistressly schoolteacherly scoundrelly scribely shepherdly shopkeeperly showmanly singerly skaterly sluggardly saintly scullionly sisterly skipperly slatternly soldierly speakerly spinsterly spokesmanly sportsmanly spousely squirely statesmanly stepfatherly stepmotherly stewardly strangerly studly surgeonly tartarly taskmasterly teacherly thiefly tradesmanly traitorly unauthorly unbishoply unbrotherly uncaptainly uncitizenly unclerkly uncousinly uncowardly undancerly undaughterly undertakerly undoctorly unfatherly unfriendly ungentlemanly ungodly unhousewifely unhusbandly unkindredly unkingly unlawyerly unleaderly unlibrarianly unloverly unmaidenly unmanly unmonkly unmotherly unmusicianly unpolicemanly unpriestly unprincely unqueenly unreaderly unsaintly unshepherdly unsisterly unsoldierly unsportsmanly unstatesmanly unstepmotherly unteacherly unwifely unwomanly unworkmanly urchinly usherly vicarly virginly vixenly washerwomanly watchmanly whoremasterly widowly witchly wively wizardly womanly womonly womynly workmanly writerly yeomanly

...le (noun) + (l)y
babbly bobbly bubbly couply crackly crinkly dribbly drizzly frizzly giggly goggly grizzly jiggly measly nettly niggly pebbly pimply prickly rattly rubbly scaly scrabbly scraggly scragly scribbly scriggly sniffly sparkly squiggly straggly stubbly waggly wiggly wobbly wriggly

...l (noun) + (l)y
chilly cornmealy curly eely frilly gnarly gravelly mealy metally minerally oily pearly smelly squally swirly weaselly weasely whirly woolly wooly

unknown
abominationly bairnly bally bayardly beingly birdly blizzardly bloomly bookly botcherly braggartly buffoonly bully burly cheerly Christianly churchly cleanly coggly comely coolly creaturely crowly cullionly dangly deadly dinnerly dotardly easterly featherly fellowly fishly fleshly fly foxly fugly gainly gardenly gingerly girly goodly googly gradely grimly grisly hazelly heathenly hectorly holy homely horsely hubbly hungerly infantly inly islandly jolly kindly kinkly kittly knobbly knolly knubbly laidly lancely leisurely letterly likely lionly lonely lovely minutely monkly monsterly nationly nirly northeasterly northerly northwardly northwesterly nubbly only otherly oversightly panderly parkly peasantly portly ravelly roisterly roomly rubbishly ruly seemly sexly shapely shelly shoggly sickly silly skeely skelly skilly slovenly sly snakely snelly southeasterly southerly southwesterly sprightly stagely stilly surly thingly throngly tilly timely tinkerly toadly townly twirly ugly unchristianly unchurchly uncleanly ungainly unholy unlikely unlovely unruly unseemly verminly wabbly waterly westerly wittolly workly loobily savorly savourly souterly southly clouterly chandlerly plasterly roosterly salesmanly Christly samely sidely sozzly unbirdly uncreaturely underworldly untowardly viewly termly loathly youngly
 * Feel free to move these to another section.

company appendages
plc PLC GmbH Inc. Kft. LLC L.L.C. LLP L.L.P. P.C. PC Ltd. Co. Corp. LP PLLC PA P.A. Pty e.V. bvba BVBA Bvba SpA בע״ם בע״מ

NA FA (both after bank names)

Types of business entity

name prependages
capitalized entries? and the corresponding lowercase:
 * Doctor Mister Missus Miss Master Goodwife Goody
 * Justice Judge
 * Bishop Pope Cardinal Archbishop Reverend Rabbi Father Sister Fr. Fr
 * Admiral of the Fleet General of the Army General of the Air Force Marshal of the Air Force Admiral General Lieutenant General Vice Admiral Rear Admiral Rear Admiral (upper half) Rear Admiral (lower half) Major General Brigadier General Commodore Colonel Lieutenant Colonel Commander Lieutenant Commander Lieutenant-Commander Major Captain First Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Lieutenant Junior Grade Lieutenant Ensign Officer Cadet Midshipman Flight Lieutenant Wing Commander
 * Chief Warrant Officer Warrant Officer Chief Petty Officer Petty Officer Sergeant Major First Sergeant Staff Sergeant Colour Sergeant Sergeant Master Sergeant Sergeant First Class Corporal Lance-Corporal Lance Corporal Bombardier Leading Hand Specialist Private First Class Pfc. Pfc Private Airman Airman First Class Airman Basic Seaman Marine
 * Emperor Empress King Queen Prince Princess Queen Mother Sultan Viceroy Grand Duke Grand Duchess Archduke Archduchess Duke Duchess Marquess Marchioness Count Countess Viscount Viscountess Baron Baroness
 * Baronet Baronetess Knight Dame Knight Bachelor Privy Counsellor Knight Commander Dame Commander Bart Bart. Bt Bt.
 * Surgeon General Attorney General Postmaster General Secretary General Governor-General
 * doctor mister missus miss master goodwife goody
 * justice judge
 * bishop pope cardinal archbishop reverend rabbi father sister fr. fr
 * admiral of the fleet general of the army general of the Army general of the air force general of the Air Force marshal of the air force marshal of the Air Force admiral general lieutenant general vice admiral rear admiral rear admiral (upper half) rear admiral (lower half) major general brigadier general commodore colonel lieutenant colonel commander lieutenant commander lieutenant-commander major captain first lieutenant second lieutenant lieutenant junior grade lieutenant ensign officer cadet midshipman flight lieutenant wing commander
 * chief warrant officer warrant officer chief petty officer petty officer sergeant major first sergeant staff sergeant colour sergeant sergeant master sergeant sergeant first class corporal lance-corporal lance corporal bombardier leading hand specialist private first class pfc. pfc private airman airman first class airman basic seaman marine
 * emperor empress king queen prince princess queen mother sultan viceroy grand duke grand duchess archduke archduchess duke duchess marquess marchioness count countess viscount viscountess baron baroness
 * baronet baronetess knight dame knight bachelor privy counsellor knight commander dame commander bart bart. bt bt.
 * surgeon general attorney general postmaster general secretary general governor-general

English phrases including postpositive adjectives

 * Note: Someone made this! It's called category:English terms where the adjective follows the noun.

 * Surgeon General surgeon general Attorney General attorney general Postmaster General postmaster general Secretary General secretary general governor-general Governor-General
 * heir apparent heir presumptive
 * X-elect
 * court martial
 * time immemorial
 * body politic
 * Knight Hospitaller Knight Templar knight errant
 * annuity due annuity-due perpetuity due perpetuity-due annuity immediate annuity-immediate perpetuity immediate perpetuity-immediate
 * county palatine

or: English adjectives frequently used postpositively

 * elect/-elect
 * general
 * immemorial
 * aplenty
 * galore
 * extraordinaire
 * redux
 * incarnate
 * macabre?
 * deluxe
 * entire
 * palatine
 * manque/manqué

-ine animal adjectives
aquiline bovine canine columbine equine feline lupine ovine porcine serpentine ursine vulpine

back-formed singulars
gyro kudo pea

place names that take the

 * Excluding plural (Netherlands), adjective + noun (United Kingdom, lower 48), NP + PP (District of Columbia), positional (Midwest, Middle East), and name + type (Amazon River, Sahara Desert) names, and obvious abbreviations of the latter (Amazon, Sahara).

 * Argentine
 * Congo
 * Crimea
 * Gambia
 * Lebanon
 * Levant
 * Punjab
 * Sudan
 * Ukraine
 * Yukon

some redlinked Hebrew phrases
None of these is SoP except as noted.
 * קמחא דפסחא he+tmr
 * נטילת ידים (SoP, with a specialized sense of נטל?)
 * ברית מילה
 * בר מצוה, בת מצוה
 * גזירה שוה, גזרה שוה
 * בנין אב
 * תפוח זהב/תפוח־זהב (obsolete/archaic: orange, the fruit)
 * שליח ציבור, שליח צבור
 * עין הרע
 * עינא בישא he+tmr
 * לשון הרע
 * ראש חדש, ראש חודש
 * עולת ראיה
 * מיתה בידי שמים (SoP?)
 * טוען רבני (probably not SoP)
 * דג ממולא (SoP?)
 * עזות־פנים/עזות פנים
 * עז־פנים/עז פנים
 * קשה ערף/קשה־ערף, קשה עורף/קשה־עורף

some United States Navy abbreviations
Not necessarily WT:CFI-meeting. And the capitalization might be context-dependent, with the word being in camelcase (??).

Cincpac CINCPAC USPACOM USNAVSO USSOUTHCOM USN CNO SECNAV MSC Seabee SEAL NSW LEDET CWO NECC COMPACFLT COMDESRON COMSURFPAC COMEXSTRGRU COMPHIBRON COMMINDIV FLTSURGTM TACRON COMNAVBEACHGRU COMNAVSURFGRU COMNCWGRU COMATG MIDPAC WESTPAC PACNORWEST COMREGSUPPGRU COMEWTGPAC COMSUBPAC COMSUBGRU COMSUBRON COMSUBDEVRON COMFAIRWESTPAC COMNAVAIRPAC COMACCLOGWING COMSTRKFIGHTWINGPAC COMPATRECONFORPAC COMPATRECONWING COMVAQWINGPAC COMHSLWINGPAC COMHSWINGPAC COMHELSEACOMBATWINGPAC HSCWSP COMSTRATCOMWING COMUSFLTCOM REGSUPPORG SEALOGLANT MCMDIV SCRMC SERMC COMEODGRU FCDIT SWOSCOLCOM COMFAIRMED COMSUBLANT COMNAVAIRLANT COMPATRECONFORLANT COMSEACONWINGLANT COMAEWWINGLANT COMSTRKFIGHTWINGLANT COMHSMWINGLANT COMHELSEACOMBATWINGLANT HSCWSL AWSTS OPNAV BuShips OPTEVFOR OPDEVFOR COMOPTEVFOR USFLTFORCOM COMFLTFORCOM CINCLANTFLT CFFC COMLANTFLT COMUSFLTFORCOM CCDR NAVSEA DOD AirSols AmphibForSoPac BatDiv CARDIV CRUDIV ComMSTSPac ComSubPac CortDiv CortRon OIS NETC NAVSCIATTS FST ServDiv ServGru SerForPac ComServLant ComServPac ServRon ServSoWesPac SubDiv SubGru TransDiv TransGrpPhibFor TransGrpSoPac TransPhibLant TransPhibPac TransRon NAVSCIATTS NAVOCEANO NSWC PHIBRON BUPERS CINCUSNAVEUR Bupers BuPers JFC USJFCOM CINCNELM COMSCOMLANTFLT USCOMEASTLANT CNRE COMNAVEUR CINCSOUTH LANTFLT USNR SELRES IRR FTS CINCPACFLT NAVSUBSCOL SUBASENLON NAVSPECWARCOM NAVSOC SWCC MSTS AlNav AlPac Alasiatic Alati Alnav Alnavsta Alpac SecNav SubLant ComSubRon BuOrd ComSoPac SoPac

some Hebrew nouns
(no guarantee all meet the CFI)
 * אבטחה
 * אודאה
 * אזכרה
 * אזעקה
 * אחזקה
 * אחלמה
 * אכרזה
 * אלמנה
 * אמתלה
 * אסכרה
 * אשליה

typical uses for letters in math

 * A: ideal
 * abcdABCD: constant
 * abcd: polygon side
 * ABCDMNPQRST: point, polygon vertex, matrix
 * B: ball
 * d: differential/difference operator
 * D: derivative operator, disk
 * F: surface, field
 * fghFGH: function
 * FGH: functor
 * GH: group
 * g: genus
 * H: subgroup
 * h: small positive
 * ij: \sqrt{-1}
 * IJ: interval
 * ijkl: index
 * K: compact subspace
 * kK: field
 * Llm: line
 * MN: manifold
 * mnpqr: integer, positive integer
 * N: normal subgroup
 * O: origin, center point
 * pqr: prime
 * PQ: polynomial
 * rR: radius
 * R: ring
 * S: surface
 * st: real parameter
 * uvwxyz: real-valued function
 * UV: open set
 * uvw: vector
 * VW: vector space
 * xyz: real variable, point in any space
 * XYZ: random variable

a quotation with a lot of possible poker terms for which I hope someone knows definitions

 * 1913, Rex Stout, Her Forbidden Knight, 1997 Carroll & Graf edition, ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>, pages 206–207:
 * "I hate to tell it. There's not much to tell. At exactly [here starts page 207] four-fifteen this afternoon I took a seat at a table of five at Webster's on Thirty-sixth Street and bought a stack of blues. For an hour I fed the kitty, then it began to come.
 * "I helped every pair I drew to. I couldn't lose. At about seven o'clock I'd cashed in four hundred and had a stack about the size of the Flatiron Building in front of me.
 * "If I've ever played poker I played it then. But it began to turn. They wouldn't come. I couldn't get better than a pair, and they were never good enough. I boosted twice on a one-card-draw to four pink ones, but couldn't get the filler.
 * "I prayed for 'em and tore 'em up and tried to run away with one two, but they called me. And then—I had four ladies topped by a little guy on his first pot!"

list (thanks, Ran) of Hebrew sections with SGML comments
handled ones removed

מצא. פן. עם. ילד. עור. אהרן. ויקרא. אחת. לבן. תוכי. כי. ז־כ־ר. כדור. אח. מת. אי. שם. מספר. נזהר. ישן. כוס. תת. ציבור. זה. יותר. ירדן. טבע. איזה. צילם. מתמטיקה. הפעיל. האיר. אָ. הבא. פקד. בער. ־ון. בא. קשת. קורס. נשא. שלח. פחות. באשר. שימוש. כפה. אלהים. צפון. ־ים. הבין. סדין. נפלא. מאפיה. התקלח. פסח. י־ל־ד. מעות חטים. ־ה. זיין. קעקע. גת. יום טוב. הזיע. י״ט. הארץ. הטהר. הצטנן. השתדל. השתכנע. הסתעף. השתמר. השתכר. התלכלך. התקמט. התחבא. התלבש. התקשר. השתתף. התנכר. תיכנת. ארצה. רעש. הביא. מלח לימון. חומצת לימון. חשמן. חרש. כרית. מחמד. ארוחת עשר. בנים. נ־כ־ר. ילדים. לבד. גילה. מרדכי. גלעד. פרו. ישרצו. כהה. מלכי־צדק. זכור. תמלא. יאמר. עמו. הבה. נתחכמה. ירבה. בנו. ישימו. משוגע. תיראן. מצה. תחיין. יראו. תחיון. לכי. תכה. שמך. רעך. להרגני. נודע

Hebrew "two"

 * usual: 2
 * m standard: sh'nayim
 * f standard: shtayim
 * m before a noun: sh'ne
 * f before a noun: shte
 * m before "asar": sh'nem
 * f before "esre": shtem
 * m ordinal: sheni
 * f ordinal: shenit
 * f ordinal: sh'niya
 * mp ordinal: sh'niyim
 * fp ordinal: sh'niyot
 * in compounds: du
 * alphabetic: [bet] (attested with and without a geresh, as well as spelled out)

title: User:Msh210/Sandbox


text:
User:G.Arshba

Hello, i am wikipedia user. I have read lots of articles. now i study History in a "black sea University". i am interested in Caucasian history.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:G.Arshba


text:
Talk:Daven Holly

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot (talk) 18:39, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Daven Holly. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080530220215/http://www.clevelandbrowns.com/team/player.php?id=529 to http://www.clevelandbrowns.com/team/player.php?id=529

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:36, 17 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Daven Holly


text:
Grand Theatre of Rabat

The Grand Theatre of Rabat (Grand Théâtre de Rabat; المسرح الكبير للرباط) is a large performing arts center under construction in Rabat, the capital city of Morocco. The building is designed by Zaha Hadid and her architectural firm Zaha Hadid Architects. Planning began for the project in 2010 and construction officially started on October 7, 2014. Completion of the project was scheduled for late 2019. The building is among the last projects designed by Zaha Hadid before her death in 2016. The construction of the theatre is part of a wider national initiative by King Mohammed VI to promote the arts and cultural development. The Grand Theatre is planned to be one of the centerpieces of a new 110-hectare mixed-use district on the shores of the Bou Regreg River, including malls, residential areas, a national archive, a new archaeological museum, and a business district with skyscrapers on the Salé side of the river.

The curving design of the structure is inspired by both the nearby river's winding course and by the aesthetics of Arabic calligraphy. Other elements take their cues from Islamic architecture. The building includes an 1800-seat interior theatre and a 7000-seat open-air amphitheatre.

title: Grand Theatre of Rabat


text:
PJ Walters (rugby union)

PJ Walters (born 23 April 1993) is a Namibian rugby union player who generally plays as a wing represents Namibia internationally and currently plays for Namibian club Welwitschias. He was included in the Namibian squad as the only uncapped player in the side for the 2019 Rugby World Cup which is held in Japan for the first time and also marks his first World Cup appearance. He made his international debut at the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

Career
He made his international debut for Namibia in Namibia's opening match of the 2019 Rugby World Cup against Italy. He made it into the team as an injury replacement to Lesley Klim from the start of the match and was part of the losing side being thrashed by Italy 47-22 which also saw Namibia's 20th consecutive defeat at the World Cup.

title: PJ Walters (rugby union)


text:
User:Katetwowiki/sandbox

Department of Precision Instrument
The Department of Precision Instrument was called the Department of Precision Instrument and Machine Manufacturing in 1960 when it was separated out from the Department of Machine Manufacturing to be an independent department. Later, in 1971, it was renamed the Department of Precision Instrument. The mission of the Department of Precision Instrument at Tsinghua University, as its dean said, is "supporting the national development and improving the people’s well-being."

Research
Research in the the Department of Precision Instrument is divided to four main parts, led by its four research institutes: the Institute of Opto-electronic Engineering, the Institute of Instrument Science and Technology, the Engineering Research Center for Navigation Technology, and the Center for Photonics and Electronics. At the same time, the Department of Precision Instrument has three key laboratories: the State Key Laboratory of Tribology, the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, and the Key Laboratory of High-accuracy Inertial Instrument and System. It also has two national engineering research centers, which are the National Engineering Research Center of Optical Disk and the CIMS National Engineering Research Center.

The Institute of Opto-electronic Engineering
The Institute of Opto-electronic Engineering (IOEE) was established in 1958. It obtained the Chinese government's authorization to offer PhD program in 1981 and the approval to build the post-doctoral research site in 1988. The research of the IOEE covers opto-electronic instruments, precision metrology and measurement, modern optical information processing, the theory and components of binary optics, and the birefringent frequency-splitting lasers. Several famous scientists work in the IOEE, including Professor Guofan Jin, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and Professor Kegong zhao, formerly the president of the Chinese National Institute of Metrology.

The Institute of Instrument Science and Technology
The Institute of Instrument Science and Technology is the most important institute in the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instrument Science at Tsinghua University. The institute is equipped with advanced instruments and facilities, and its research has included every major area in modern instrument science and technology.Up to 2012, the institute have produced over 1500 publications, more than 100 patents, and acquired many significant awards.

The Engineering Research Center for Navigation Technology
The Engineering Research Center for Navigation Technology is a relatively young institute in the Department of Precision Instrument which was established in 2000, with the intention to "pursuit excellence in the research and development in the field of high-accuracy inertial instrument and navigation technology, as well as in MEMS inertial sensor field, and to provide advanced training for future scientists and engineers in the field of inertial technology." Its research interests cover "high-accuracy inertial instrument and navigation technology, MEMS inertial sensor and system, precise electro-mechanical control system and its application", and so on. Till 2012, the area of the Center is 2900 square meters which include approximately 550 square meters of clean rooms. Equipment and instruments in this center worth over 50 million RMB ($7.56 million USD).

The Center for Photonics and Electronics
The Center for Photonics and Electronics works on advanced laser and photonic technology. It houses 200 square meters of clean rooms and very modern laser instruments and equipment. The research of this Center covers solid-state laser technology, fiber laser technology, active optics technology, and laser detection technology. The Center has published lots of papers, and also has partnerships with many domestic or international companies and research institutes.

The State Key Laboratory of Tribology
Under the authorization of China's State Planning Commission and Ministry of Education, the State Key Laboratory of Tribology (SKLT) was established in November, 1988. The present director of the SKLT is Professor Jianbin Luo, and the present chair of the Academic Committee of the SKLT is Professor Jue Zhong, who is also a member of Chinese Academy of Engineering.

The SKLT has one central laboratory and 4 sub-laboratories. It has been awarded numerous awards, including "two National Natural Science Awards, two National Invention Awards, one National Award for Science and Technology Progress, two National Excellent Science Book Awards, 25 awards from ministries or provinces of China, Edmond E. Bisson Award in 2003 from STLE, the 2008 PE Publishing Prize by the Editor and Editorial Board of the Journal of Engineering Tribology." Moreover, China's Ministry of Education recognized the SKLT as one of the creative groups in 2005, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China recognized the SKLT as one of the creative research groups in 2007.

The State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
Established in 1995, The State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments is a joint laboratory of Tsinghua University and Tianjin University. It is a national key laboratory with two recognized national first-level key disciplines and their second-class disciplines. The research of The State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments can be categorized into four major parts: laser and optoelectric measurement technology, sensing and information measurement technology, micro- and nano- measurement and fabrication technology, and quality control in manufacturing technology.

The Key Laboratory of High-accuracy Inertial Instrument and System
The Key Laboratory of High-accuracy Inertial Instrument and System was established with the intention to support the research in the Engineering Research Center for Navigation Technology. Since its establishment, it has won five prizes and published a large quantity of papers.

Education
Currently, there are two disciplines in the Department of Precision Instrument: the discipline of the instrumental science and technology of precision instrument and mechanology and the discipline of optical engineering.

There are six teaching laboratories or centers which serve significant roles in undergraduate and graduate education in the Department of Precision Instrument. They are: The Department provides more than 40 courses of the undergraduate level and 25 courses of the graduate level. As of 2012, 284 undergraduates, 152 postgraduates, and 219 doctoral students were studying or working in the Department.
 * 1) The Teaching Lab of Manufacturing Engineering
 * 2) The CAD Teaching Centre
 * 3) The Engineering Graphics Teaching Laboratory
 * 4) The Creative Machine Design Teaching Laboratory
 * 5) The Experimentation Teaching Center for Measurement and Control Technology
 * 6) The Teaching Laboratory of Optics and Length Measurement

title: User:Katetwowiki/sandbox


text:
Faders Up

Faders Up (Live) is a live album of the Belgian band Triggerfinger. The album was released on 12 March 2007, having been recorded during a concert in Antwerp, Belgium in September 2006.

Personnel

 * Ruben Block - lead vocals, guitar
 * Paul Van Bruystegem - bass guitar, backing vocals
 * Mario Goossens - drums, backing vocals

title: Faders Up


text:
Vadim Karpov

Vadim Yuryevich Karpov (Вадим Юрьевич Карпов; born 14 July 2002) is a Russian football player who plays as centre-back for Ufa.

Club career
Karpov made his debut for CSKA Moscow on 19 September 2019 in a Europa League game against Ludogorets Razgrad at the age of 17. He was put into the main squad's starting lineup as 5 other defenders were injured. The game ended in a 1–5 loss for CSKA.

In their next game on 22 September 2019, he made his Russian Premier League debut in a 3–2 victory over Krasnodar.

On 7 September 2021, CSKA announced that Karpov joined Tekstilshchik Ivanovo on loan for the 2021–22 season.

On 13 July 2024, Karpov moved to Ufa after playing at the club on loan in the 2023–24 season.

title: Vadim Karpov


text:
liekokasvi

Noun

 * 1)  club moss any of the species in the taxonomic family Lycopodiaceae
 * 2) in plural, the family  club mosses

title: liekokasvi


text:
Wikipedia:Meetup/Hamilton

Hi! This is a page for the upcoming #HamOntMusic Wikipedia editing party, October 19th, from 11am to 5pm.

There's a Facebook event here: https://www.facebook.com/events/488380638213466/?__mref=mb

If you're participating, add your Wikipedia account to the project dashboard here: https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/Hamilton_Public_Library/Hamilton_Music_Wikipedia_Editing_Party?enroll=cbaqvzdt

This one-day event will teach local music enthusiasts how to improve coverage of the Hamilton music scene and history on Wikipedia, and connect Wikipedia editors and enthusiasts with resources and experts in the scene. If you don't know what an edit-a-thon is, read this page!

If you can't make it to the event, you can still join us virtually and track your progress! Sign up at the virtual project link and let us know which articles you're working on throughout the day: https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/York_University/Music_in_Canada_Virtual_edit-a-thon?enroll=oygpxact

This is part of the Music in Canada @ 150 project.

October 19th schedule
We'll be ready for attendees to arrive around 11am. There will be coffee and snacks available! Please bring your own laptop or digital device.

There will be a short introduction at 11am and then we'll start training beginners. There will be experts on hand to help out people at all skill levels, whenever you arrive - so don't be shy!

Around 2pm, attendees are welcome to take a break and tour the HPL Makerspace on the 4th floor of the Central branch. An HPL staffer will show us the audio equipment and other creative tools, and talk about their investment in the music industry in the city.

We'll aim to wrap up and pack our possessions away around 5pm. We'll need to be completely out of the room by 6pm.

Getting Started
If you're interested in Hamilton's music culture and history, but don't know anything about Wikipedia, you may want to start by creating an account, or reading some of the Hamilton-related articles below. You can get some practice in by making your very first edit on an article that interests you. I suggest adding a piece of latest news about a tour, album release, or award to an existing article, or adding a helpful category to a page.

Also look at the Wikipedia guides: About and About and Your_first_article.

If you don't want to write, but have photos of concerts, festivals, storefronts and interiors of venues, record shops, record label offices, or other non-copyright-infringing music-related stuff, share it by uploading it to Wikimedia Commons and adding the link to it here.

There's also lots of opportunity to do fact-checking and adding names and dates to Hamilton-related entities on Wikidata - metadata about people, places, and things.

Categories to add to:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Music_festivals_in_Canada

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Music_festivals_in_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Festival_of_Friends

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Music_venues_in_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Events_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Concerts_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hamilton,_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Buildings_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:People_of_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shops_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

Resources for the October 19th Wikipedia Editing Party
This is a collection of relevant pages and categories, which could probably be improved, and places to get citable information for Wikipedia. Please add your ideas and suggestions!

Portals and communities:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Music_of_Canada

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canadian_music

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contribution_Month_in_Canada_2017

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canadian_music/Members#Participants

Categories to use and improve:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Musical_groups_from_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Music_of_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Hamilton,_Ontario#Music

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Radio_stations_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_from_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Neighbourhoods_in_Hamilton,_Ontario

Pages to improve:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Philharmonic_Orchestra

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFMU-FM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic_Unyon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic_Unyon#Selected_artists - for some artists

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercrawl

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Street_(Hamilton,_Ontario)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_attractions_in_Hamilton,_Ontario#Music

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_from_Hamilton,_Ontario#Music

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Public_Library_(Ontario)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Lanois

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundas_Cactus_Festival

Pages to add:
Steel City Jazz Festival

B.A. Johnston

Emay

Recording studios in Hamilton

Record labels in Hamilton

Music stores in Hamilton - Dr Disc, Cheapies, Revolution Records, Stardust Records, Hammer City Records

Music venues in Hamilton - This Ain't Hollywood, Baltimore House (RIP), Casbah, Absinthe, Pearl Theatre, Sousbas, Mill's Hardware, HPL Concerts in the Round

Grant Avenue Studios (Daniel Lanois)

Seven Sundays in Gage Park

HAVN

Strangewaves

Fort Elgin

Basement Revolver

Safer Gigs Hamilton

Zula Presents

Something Else Fest + Creative Music Series

Hamilton Conservatory for the Arts

Hamilton Arts Council

Other ideas:
Canadian Music Hall of Fame inductees

Juno Award winners and nominees from Hamilton

Order of Canada recipients from Hamilton

Governor Generals Award recipients

Polaris Prize winners and nominees

Music research (e.g. from McMaster)

Music writing & critics

Places to get citations from:
https://www.thespec.com/whatson-story/7046263-highs-and-lows-of-the-2016-hamilton-music-scene/

http://www.hamiltonstories.ca/music-lives-here

http://thespec-stories.com/2015/03/06/hamilton-music-through-the-ages/

http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/m/article/hamilton-ont-emc/

http://theinletonline.com/http:/theinletonline.com/topics/uncategorized/music/

http://www.chartattack.com/features/2015/03/19/personal-views-a-ground-level-guide-to-hamilton-ontarios-music-scene/

True Resident

View Hamilton

CBC Hamilton

Spectator

http://exclaim.ca/music/hamilton

Weird Canada

This Must Be The Place

Hamilton Arts & Letters

Raise the Hammer

http://www.hamiltonmagazine.com/sitepages/?cid=125&cn=ARTS%20&%20ENTERTAINMENT

https://www.thespec.com/news-story/6851879--colonel-kudlets-a-giant-of-hamilton-music-history/

http://www.chch.com/restoring-grant-avenue-studio/

http://lha.hpl.ca/articles/short-history-music-and-music-education-hamilton

https://maisonneuve.org/post/2017/04/13/evenings-and-weekends-hamiltons-music-scene-interv/

http://nationalpost.com/entertainment/books/book-reviews/andrew-baulcombs-documentary-of-hamilton-music-is-a-promising-story-left-unfinished

Hamilton Music Strategy: https://www.hamilton.ca/city-initiatives/strategies-actions/hamilton-music-strategy

http://tourismhamilton.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/PED14001-Appendix-B.pdf

https://www.thespec.com/news-story/6954409-branding-hamilton-as-a-music-city/

https://www.hamilton.ca/hamilton-music-film-office/music-in-hamilton/music-in-hamilton

title: Wikipedia:Meetup/Hamilton


text:
Thermodynamics/Chemical and mechanical

Thermodynamics (from the Greek thermos meaning heat and dynamis meaning power) is a branch of physics that studies the effects of changes in temperature, pressure, and volume on physical systems at the macroscopic scale by analyzing the collective motion of their particles using statistics.

Heat is something that is observed by everyone. Warmth and coolness, combustion and oxidation - but Modern thermodynamics is concisely the understanding that heat is the result of the motion of molecules.

Thermodynamics became the unification of the concept of heat with the motion of molecules from investigations of the problem of how to increase the efficiency of early steam engines. It resulted in the understanding of statistical principles of molecules that are profound.

For the purposes of an instructive text, it will be useful to study story of efficiency in heat engines along with examples from physical chemistry in parallel.

The Heat Engine
It turns out that all engines and many other devices that do work are also heat engines. That is they can be seen as functioning by transferring heat from one place to another or generating heat while generating heat. It not only turns out that engines are the subject of thermodynamics, but also chemical reactions too.

A Simple Steam Engine
To get started, we will focus only on steam engines and see that modern thermodynamics can be seen from this example.

We'll start with a steam engine designed to pump water. You have a closed vessel of water over a flame - when the water boils, steam is produced and goes from the water vessel through a hose to a cylinder. When the steam expands into the cylinder, it will push the cylinder along from a closed to open position, from a small volume to a larger volume.

We'll put a stick on the end of the cylinder and use that to turn a wheel on a pump to pump the water. When the cylinder has gone to its furthest open position (i.e. it has expanded enough) we'll also have the wheel release the steam and push the cylinder back to its starting (or closed) position, close the valve and allow more steam to come in, we need the momentum of the wheel to close the piston. When the piston has returned to its original position, the valve moves to allow in more steam and the cycle starts again.

Looking at this arrangement, we can see that what is driving the piston is the hot steam. When the steam is hotter, the piston will drive with more force and pump more water.

The reason that this engine works is the difference in the temperature of the steam to that of the outside world. We often forget that if the temperature outside the piston were the same as inside,

Conservation of Energy
Heat is a form of energy and energy is conserved. This may seem obvious to some of us - Because heat can come from chemical reactions, like the flame from combustion, it can appear to come from nowhere.

Entropy
The spontaneous flow of heat from one body to another always goes in the same direction, from warmer to colder bodies. When we understand that heat is the result of molecular motion, we can express the flow of thermal energy as the expansion of entropy.

Zero Temperature
A profound result of the understanding of thermal energy as molecular motion is that there is a condition where there is minimal molecular motion (zero point motion), known as absolute zero. However, owing to the uncertainty principle, a molecule will never be absolutely still.

The Heat Engine
It turns out that all engines and many other devices that do work are also heat engines. That is they can be seen as functioning by transferring heat from one place to another or generating heat while generating heat. It not only turns out that engines are the subject of thermodynamics, but also chemical reactions too.

A Simple Steam Engine
To get started, we will focus only on steam engines and see that modern thermodynamics can be seen from this example.

We'll start with a steam engine designed to pump water. You have a closed vessel of water over a flame - when the water boils, steam is produced and goes from the water vessel through a hose to a cylinder. When the steam expands into the cylinder, it will push the cylinder along from a closed to open position, from a small volume to a larger volume.

We'll put a stick on the end of the cylinder and use that to turn a wheel on a pump to pump the water. When the cylinder has gone to its furthest open position (i.e. it has expanded enough) we'll also have the wheel release the steam and push the cylinder back to its starting (or closed) position, close the valve and allow more steam to come in, we need the momentum of the wheel to close the piston. When the piston has returned to its original position, the valve moves to allow in more steam and the cycle starts again.

Looking at this arrangement, we can see that what is driving the piston is the hot steam. When the steam is hotter, the piston will drive with more force and pump more water.

The reason that this engine works is the difference in the temperature of the steam to that of the outside world. We often forget that if the temperature outside the piston were the same as inside,

title: Thermodynamics/Chemical and mechanical


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/odsgroup.com.au

Links

 * odsgroup.com.au resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is globally blacklisted by \bodsgroup\.com\.au\b
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is globally blacklisted by \bodsgroup\.com\.au\b

Additions

 * Displayed all 8 additions.


text:
UK Constitution and Government/Government

Presentation
His Majesty's Government

Previous Chapter | Next Chapter --

Structure
His Majesty's Government is the executive political authority for the United Kingdom as a whole. At its heart is the Cabinet, a grouping of senior Ministers of the Crown, headed by the Prime Minister. Members of the Government are political appointees, and are usually drawn from one of the two Houses of Parliament. In addition to the heads of the Departments of State (most of whom carry the title of Secretary of State), the Government also includes junior ministers (who bear the title of Under Secretary of State, Minister of State, or Parliamentary Secretary), whips (responsible for enforcing party discipline within the two Houses), and Parliamentary Private Secretaries (political assistants to ministers).

When the Sovereign is the Queen, the Government is referred to as Her Majesty's Government; likewise, when there are joint Sovereigns, the Government is known as Their Majesties' Government.

Prime Minister
The Prime Minister (or "PM") is the head of the Government. Since the early twentieth century the Prime Minister has held the office of First Lord of the Treasury, and in recent decades has also held the office of Minister for the Civil Service.

The Prime Minister is asked to form a Government by the Sovereign. Usually this occurs after a general election has altered the balance of party political power within the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is expected to have the confidence of the House of Commons; this usually means that he or she is the leader of the political party holding the majority of the seats in the Commons. Since at least the 1920s the Prime Minister himself is also expected to be a Member of Parliament (i.e. member of the House of Commons). The Prime Minister retains office until he or she dies or resigns, or until someone else is appointed; this means that even when expecting to be defeated at a general election, the Prime Minister remains formally in power until his or her rival is returned as an MP and asked in turn to form a Government.

By law, if defeated by an actual Commons vote of "no confidence", there is a period of 14 days during which an alternative Government may be formed, if a "vote of confidence" can be won by a prospective Prime Minister. If no Government can be formed within the 14 days an election is automatically triggered, in effect allowing the electorate itself to approve or disapprove of the Prime Minister's policy. The polling day for the election is to be the day appointed by Her Majesty by proclamation on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. The Parliament then in existence dissolves at the beginning of the 17th working day before the polling day.

The existence and basis of appointment of the office is a matter of constitutional convention rather than of law. Because of this, there are no formal qualifications for the office. However, a small number of Acts of Parliament do make reference to the Prime Minister, and since the 1930s office has carried a salary in its own right.

The Prime Minister is often an extremely powerful figure within the political system; the office has been said by some to be an "elected dictatorship", and some Prime Ministers have been accused of being "presidential". A weak Prime Minister may be forced out of office (i.e. forced to resign) by his or her own party, particularly if there is an alternative figure within the party seen as a better choice.

Cabinet and other ministers
Membership of the Cabinet is not defined by law, and is only loosely bound by convention. The Prime Minister and (if there is one) the Deputy Prime Minister are always members, as are the three most senior ministerial heads of Departments of State: the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (commonly known as the Foreign Secretary), the Chancellor of the Exchequer (i.e. the minister responsible for finance), and the Secretary of State for the Home Department (commonly known as the Home Secretary). Most of the other heads of departments are usually members of the Cabinet, as well as a small number of junior ministers.

Ministers of the Crown are formally appointed by the Sovereign upon the "advice" of the Prime Minister. Ministers are bound by the convention of collective responsibility, by which they are expected to publicly support or defend the policy of the Government, or else resign. They are also bound by the less clearly defined convention of individual responsibility, by which they are responsible to Parliament for the acts of their department. Ministers are often called upon to resign who either by their own actions, or by those of their department, are perceived in some manner to have failed in their duty; however, it usually takes sustained criticism over a period of time for both a minister to feel compelled to resign, and for the Prime Minister to accept that resignation. Occasionally a minister offers his or her resignation, but the Prime Minister retains them in office.

Parliamentary Private Secretaries are also bound by the principle of collective responsibility, even though they hold no ministerial responsibility and take no part in the formation of policy; the position is seen as an initial stepping-stone towards being offered ministerial office.

Privy Council
His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a ceremonial body of advisors to the Sovereign. The Privy Council is used as a mechanism for maintaining ministerial responsibility for the actions of the Crown; for example, royal proclamations are approved by the Privy Council before they are issued. All senior members of the Government are appointed to be Privy Counsellors, as well as certain senior members of the Royal Family, leaders of the main political parties, the archbishops and senior bishops of the Church of England, and certain senior judges.

The Privy Council is headed by the Lord President of the Council, a ministerial office usually held by a member of the Cabinet. By convention the Lord President is also either the Leader of the House of Commons, or the Leader of the House of Lords, with responsibility for directing and negotiating the course of business in the respective House.

Meetings of the Privy Council are usually extremely short, and are rarely attended by more than a bare minimum of Privy Counsellors.


text:
Hlib Piskunov

Hlib Piskunov (born 25 November 1998) is a Ukrainian male hammer thrower, who won an individual gold medal at the Youth World Championships.

title: Hlib Piskunov


text:
Talk:David Watkins (British politician)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on David Watkins (British politician). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131101143226/http://centrallobby.politicshome.com/stakeholder-websites/stakeholder-website-page/sites/association-of-former-members-of-parliament/pages/remembrance-of-departed-colleagues/ to http://centrallobby.politicshome.com/stakeholder-websites/stakeholder-website-page/sites/association-of-former-members-of-parliament/pages/remembrance-of-departed-colleagues/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 15:38, 6 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Watkins (British politician)


text:
Category:Olympic cyclists as Independent Olympic Participants

This is a list of cyclists who participated as Independent Olympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Olympics.


text:
Gokieli

Gokieli (გოკიელი) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Elene Gokieli (1918–1992), Georgian hurdler
 * Jemal Gokieli (1920–1991), Georgian conductor

title: Gokieli


text:
Talk:Ashley T. Cole

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Ashley T. Cole. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111109205845/http://www.nyra.com/Belmont/Stakes/AshleyTCole.shtml to http://www.nyra.com/Belmont/Stakes/AshleyTCole.shtml

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 16:29, 19 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ashley T. Cole


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mental Health Association of Portland

The result was delete. Tone 21:00, 23 August 2020 (UTC)

Mental Health Association of Portland

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Fails WP:NORG / WP:NONPROFIT. The further readings section are just link drops. Graywalls (talk) 20:19, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Medicine-related deletion discussions. Graywalls (talk) 20:19, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Oregon-related deletion discussions. Graywalls (talk) 20:19, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Organizations-related deletion discussions. Graywalls (talk) 20:19, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Delete articles should not last 9 days without a source other than the subject's own website, let alone 9 years. Although I know that standing in this shape for only 9 years is nothing compared to some of the other atrociously bad articles Wikipedia has been plagued with.John Pack Lambert (talk) 18:32, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom -- Devoke water  (talk)  23:12, 21 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Denise O'Donoghue

Bizarre claim that a TV production company is one the 50 funniest acts in British Comedy
I think this claim is so bizarre that it needs a citation, so I've added the fact template. -- Chris j wood 19:33, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Denise O'Donoghue


text:
Organic Chemistry/Introduction to reactions/Electrophilic additions

Electrophilic additions are also referred to as addition reactions.

Electrophilic additions are essentially the reverse of an E1 elimination reaction, sometimes exactly the microscopic reverse.

Addition reactions involve carbocations. This intermediate carbocation can rearrange.

Addition reactions follow Markovnikov's rule. (The higher priority substituent adds to the more highly substituted carbon of the carbon-carbon double bond).

(Series of sample reactions here)


text:
Bogdan Olteanu

Bogdan Olteanu (born 29 October 1971) is a Romanian politician and lawyer. He was the president of the Chamber of Deputies (the lower house of the Romanian Parliament) between 2006 and 2008.

Olteanu had formerly been a member of the National Liberal Party (PNL) from 1991 to 2009, and held various positions in that political party. He was elected as deputy for Bucharest in the 2004 elections. In 2005, he was appointed Delegate Minister for Parliamentary Affairs in the Government of Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu.

After Adrian Năstase stepped down from the presidency of the Chamber of Deputies, Olteanu was announced by the governing Justice and Truth Alliance (DA) as their preferred candidate for the function. On 20 March 2006 he received a majority of 196 votes out of 306.

In October 2009, the Parliament favoured Bogdan Olteanu for the position of National Bank vice-governor, passing the independent Lucian Croitoru; On 19 October 2009, Olteanu stepped down from his position as vice-president of the Chamber of Deputies, and gave up PNL membership to pursue his post as vice-governor at the National Bank of Romania.

Olteanu and his wife Cristina have two children, Thea (born 2004) and Alexandru (born 2006). He is the grandson of Communist activist Ghizela Vass.

Honour

 * 🇷🇴 Romanian Royal Family: Knight Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown

title: Bogdan Olteanu


text:
J Award of 2005

The J Award of 2005 is the inaugural annual J Awards, established by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's youth-focused radio station Triple J. The announcement comes at the culmination of Ausmusic Month (November), on 3 December 2005. In 2005, there was only one category, Australian Album of the Year.

Background
As part of Triple J's 30th anniversary celebrations in 2005, the station inaugurated a single "J Award" to be given for "an album of outstanding achievement as an Australian musical work of art and for its creativity, innovation, musicianship and contribution to Australian music."

Who's eligible?
Any Australian album released independently or through a record company, or sent to Triple J in consideration for airplay, is eligible for the J Award. The 2005 nominations were selected from albums received by triple j between December 2004 and November 2005.

The criteria
The J Award is for an album of outstanding achievement as an Australian musical work of art - for its creativity, innovation, musicianship and contribution to Australian music. Fifteen nominations were announced throughout the year.

The J Award judging panel is headed by Triple J's Music Director Richard Kingsmill. The panel includes Robbie Buck from Triple J's flagship Australian music program Home and Hosed and other Triple J presenters, producers and live music engineers.

Award
Australian Album of the Year

Richard Kingsmill, Music Director at Triple J and head of the J Award judging panel, said "To put it simply, Wolfmother released the most exciting album of the year. It combines a lot of different influences which sound contemporary, fun and refreshing today. People have paid out on them for being retro. I'd like to remind everyone that Led Zeppelin were criticised early in their career for stealing from blues greats, as were the Rolling Stones, and Dylan was seen as a Woody Guthrie imitator when he started out. So hopefully Wolfmother are also now off to a highly successful career!"

title: J Award of 2005


text:
Starodrachenino

Starodrachenino (Стародраченино) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Starodracheninsky Selsoviet, Zarinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 572 as of 2013. There are 11 streets.

Geography
Starodrachenino is located 17 km southeast of Zarinsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Komarskoye is the nearest rural locality.

title: Starodrachenino


text:
Christina Enroth-Cugell

Christina Alma Elisabeth Enroth-Cugell (1919 – June 15, 2016), was a vision scientist who was a professor at Northwestern University for 31 years, was a founding faculty member and one of the first women to teach at the McCormick School of Engineering and chaired the Department of Neurobiology at the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences from 1984 to 1986. Her husband David Cugell was a professor at the Feinberg School of Medicine for 58 years, the longest tenure in the school’s history.

Enroth-Cugell was born in Helsinki, Finland. She earned a joint M.D./Ph.D. from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden and did post-doctorate work at Harvard University. Enroth-Cugell was one of the first female interns at Passavant Memorial Hospital.

Her research focused on visual adaptation and the spatial and temporal aspects of receptive fields and the physiology of the mammalian retina. One of her journal articles, based on a study with collaborator John G. Robson, has been cited approximately 2,000 times and "was one of the first to use systems analysis methods in vision, and it launched a field of study on parallel pathways in the visual system."

Awards and honors

 * Jonas Stein Friedenwald Award, 1983

title: Christina Enroth-Cugell


text:
Investing/Bonds

A bond is a debt: the issuer of a bond (a company, government, or other entity) borrows money from the purchaser of a bond (bond holder). Until the bond matures (the debt becomes due), the issuer will make periodic interest payments to the bond holder. On the maturity date of the bond, the issuer pays back the principal (the amount borrowed) to the bond holder, and possibly also makes a final interest payment.

From the point of view of the issuer, bonds may be an attractive alternative to borrowing from a bank (perhaps to avoid restrictive loan terms or to obtain a better interest rate), or to issuing stock (which would dilute the equity or ownership stake of the current owners of a company). From the point of view of the bond holder, bonds may be attractive relative to other investment alternatives, perhaps paying better interest rates than bank deposits or being more certain of retaining their value than stocks. With some exceptions, bonds are freely traded, so that the bond holders are not locked into their investments. (All of these advantages are possibilities and not certainties, as discussed below.)

As an illustration, suppose a company wants to build a factory which will cost US $1,000,000. The company may issue a bond to cover this amount. The bond could either be backed by the factory, or could be a debenture, which is only a call on the future income of the company. The face value of the bond would be $1,000,000, which typically would be sold in increments of $1,000. (The face value of the bond is distinct from the current price in the marketplace, which might be more or less than the face value.) The bond might pay an interest rate of 5% (also known as having a 5% coupon), typically in semiannual payments of 2.5% each, and could have a maturity of up to 30 years. For example, assuming the 5% and 30 year figures above, the bond typically would make 60 payments of $25 per $1000 of face value, with a final repayment of the principal coinciding with the last interest payment.

The purchase price of a bond is often not the price found on the bond itself, but can vary based on the interest rate of the bond, as well as the accrued interest on the bond. An increase in interest rates results in lower bond prices, and a decrease in interest rates results in higher bond prices (this is known as a loss or premium over the face value of the bond).

Bonds return around 5% a year on average. To have a higher return in bonds you invest in riskier bonds. They are known as junk bonds. Bonds have a credit rating which shows their risk rating. The credit ratings go from AAA, AA or A, BBB, BB B, CCC, CC, C, DDD, DD, D. AAA bonds are seen at a very low risk of default. BBB indicate some problems. CCC bonds can be viewed with caution. DDD are bonds at a high risk of default.

When can you use bonds? You could use bonds if you are an investor who would not want stocks and shares prices ups and down. How do you invest in bonds. You can invest in bonds through funds. You can also invest in bonds through stockbrokers. Be careful of too high charges on a bond fund, it could take away from the potential profits.

title: Investing/Bonds


text:
Intelligence Intensification/Memory Techniques

Visualization
Have you ever seen or heard of a person with a super memory? Did he remember all the cards in a deck in perfect order? Maybe he claimed that he had a photographic memory. That, however, is probably not the case. Rather, he or she used simple techniques which you can master too, with little practice (say, 100 hours). After half an hour of practice, you will see fantastic results. The memorizing time is directly related to the number of things to memorize. If you need five minutes in order to remember ten foreign words, you'll need ten minutes in order to remember twenty.

It should be stressed that you will not get a photographic memory. You will be able to remember faces, foreign words, telephone numbers and much more. But you will not be able to look at a picture and then immediately remember every detail in your inner vision. Search the web for books on memory improvement and you will find lots of books claiming that they will give you a photographic memory. This is generally a lie. The systems you will learn on this page, however, are extremely practical and simple to use. And best of all, they work!

The basic theory is that your brain associates everything you learn with what it already knows. Using the memory techniques to follow, you consciously make those associations (in addition to the ones made unconsciously). The other cornerstone used in the techniques is that the brain remembers strange things better than mundane things. This is the absolute essence of memory techniques. Lets see what comes out of it!

Remembering a list of items
The two basic methods used for remembering a list are linking and pegwords

Linking
After visualizing the first item on your list, visualize it associated with the next item, then visualize that item associated with the third, and so on. For example, to remember a list like "apple, fish, lady, star, stop sign, pencil ..." imagine an apple. Now you shall link this apple with a fish by visualizing (for instance) an apple tree with fishes instead of apples-you could even imagine a fish falling on Newton's head or Eve handing Adam a fish. Remember that it should be weird. Next link the fish with lady by visualizing a mermaid. Next item: Visualize a night sky with shining ladies in the sky instead of stars. Link to stop sign by visualizing a falling star landing on the ground-only instead of a star, when you get up close it's a stop sign, link "stop sign" with "pencil" by imagining a stop sign which is held up not by a metal post, but by a giant pencil.

Pegwords
Pegwords are used if remembering the position of each item is helpful; for example, if you would like to be able to recall the fifth U.S. president. In this system, a list of pegwords is pre-memorized. The pegwords are designed to be easy to visualize, and to associate with a number. For example memorize this list of pegwords. Try to form a mental image of each one. And then to remember any list of 10 items you associate the items to be remembered with their pegs. To memorize the grocery list: apples, butter, razor blades, soap, bread, milk, cat food, bacon, batteries, and orange juice,
 * 1) you visualize the first item (an apple) being fired from a cannon,
 * 2) Link the second item (butter) with zoo by imagining a gorilla stomping up and down on a stick of butter,
 * 3) Link third item (razor blades) with tree by imagining a tree with razor blades for leaves,
 * 4) a door made of soap
 * 5) a swarm of bees flying from a loaf of bread as if it is a hive
 * 6) a building which uses milk jugs in place of bricks
 * 7) an open can of cat food with angel wings and a halo (imagine its smell)
 * 8) bacon on a plate
 * 9) a wine glass filled with batteries
 * 10) a hen being squeezed and orange juice coming out.

Sound obscure? Close your eyes and try to remember the list.

Writing The List Down
Sometimes, writing down something you wish to remember may help to increase your retention. If you have the time and resources available, you may write down the entire list, maybe a few times, and be able to remember most, if not all of the items. You may also use this to remember paragraphs of text as needed.

Method of Loci
The Method of loci was used by the ancient Greeks for oration; that is, for memorizing speeches. It involves mentally transversing a familiar place, for them, a temple, stopping at certain points, and associating those points with sections of a speech.

/Memorizing Numbers and Digits/
A system known as the mnemonic major system used to convert numbers into words. See module for details.

/A Longer Peglist/
While rhyming peglists are simple to learn they are severely limited in the number of pegs that can be created. 7 rhymes with 11, 21 rhymes with 31 rhymes with 41, etc. Using the major system, rather than rhymes, you can create as many pegs as you want with no ambiguity. This module currently has 116 pegs- enough to accommodate the periodic table.

/Memorizing Playing Cards/
This module combines the major system with the pegword systems to do some pretty amazing things with cards. It does require a lot of practice, and requires you to be adept at both systems, but you will be surprised with what you can accomplish.

/The Periodic Table/
An example of just how powerful this system can be. Pegs for the atomic numbers linked to a pun on the element names or their symbols linked to a phrase describing the atomic mass. This module has yet to be written. You can help.

Remembering foreign words
In order to remember a foreign word, or a native word you don't know, all you need to do is to make it concrete in your native language, and then link it with its meaning (which maybe has to be made concrete too). To remember the French word for horse, cheval, make it concrete in english by thinking of the word chew (which is a concrete verb). Then link a horse with chew. Maybe you vividly visualize that you are watching a big, big horse chew some trees from the comfort of your hammock. Then he picks up the trees your hammock is swinging between. Your blood splashes in your face as your bones crunch and you are racked with pain. You curse the horse for chewing you up. So when you think of horse, you immediately think chew, which reminds you of cheval.

In order to remember the Swedish word for luck, tur, you also need to make the native word luck concrete. One easy way is to think of winning a lottery. But emphasize the middle syllable of "lottery": lot-TUR-ry. Think about how much TUR you need to win the lot-TUR-ry.

Remembering faces, art works etc
This is easy if you know any of the other techniques. To connect a face with a name, pick out something in the face and link whatever you picked out with the name. If you meet a girl whose face is shaped like a heart, link a heart with her name. So if her name is Angela, you can imagine an angel descending from heaven, who violently rips out her heart. Imagine her screaming, the blood spraying everywhere, and her squishy heart still beating while falling down to the muddy earth. If you meet somebody with a funny nose, it's easy. If you don't find anything special (but isn't everyone special in some way?) just pick something. What do the lips look like? The ears? The total impression?

The technique to remember the author of a painting is analogous. Only by trying to find something special you are forced to really look, which helps remembering.

How to remember whatever you want
Combine the above and below techniques, use them as a basis to construct your own personal techniques and remember the essence: Use weird, vivid visualizations; use all your senses (taste, smell, etc); associate what you want to remember with as much as possible. See Wikipedia's list of mnemonics.

Drugs and Vitamins
Some diet supplements, vitamins, herbs and amino acids may also improve your memory and alertness, though very few if any have been scientifically studied for effects on memory. These include the B vitamins, caffeine, amino acids like phenylalanine, (though an overdose can be deadly) melatonin, ginseng, ginkgo biloba, and many others.

There are also a number of prescription-strength drugs which might be legal, but may have side-effects although current studies show some of them to be safe to use. Some of these alleged "smart drugs" include Vasopressin, Hydergine, and Piracetam, and DHEA.

You should consult your physician before taking any drug or supplement, especially if you are taking any other medications. Current research suggests the best ways to keep your memory healthy as you age are to use it frequently (read non-fiction, engage in political conversation, etc.), eat a well-balanced diet, take antioxidant supplements (though overdoses of selenium and vitamins A and E could be fatal), and possibly increase the proportion of omega-3 fatty acids in your diet.


text:
Moulton family (silversmiths)

The Moulton family were silversmiths in and around Newbury, Massachusetts that extended across six generations for two hundred years. They are sometimes claimed to have the longest continuous span of silversmithing of any American family.

 * William Moulton (1615-1664) immigrated in 1637 with his two brothers John and Thomas from Norfolk, England, and settled on Winnacunnet Road in Hampton, New Hampshire.

 * William Moulton II (1664-1732) left the family farm in Hampton in 1682, at age 18, and settled near the Merrimack River in a section of Newbury, Massachusetts that would later become Newburyport. By some accounts, he was the first in six generations of silversmiths. While he did buy and sell silver goods, he was primarily a general trader. His son Joseph Moulton (1694-1750) has also been proposed as the first Moulton to work in silver, but he was actually a blacksmith by trade, though he likely turned his hand to whatever came through his shop door. Although most of the Moultons carried on their craft in Newburyport, some went to other communities where they established themselves as silversmiths.

 * William Moulton III (1720–1793) was the first verified silversmith. He worked from 1742 to 1762 as a silversmith in Newburyport, Massachusetts, and from 1762 to 1788 in Hampstead, New Hampshire. He then moved in a covered wagon to Marietta, Ohio, carrying his silversmith's tools with him. He was one of the forty-eight pioneers to settle in the Northwest Territory, and is considered one of its founders.

 * Joseph Moulton (1744–1816), his son and the fourth in line, worked from about 1764 to 1810 as a silversmith in Newburyport, with home and shop on State Street. He had four sons who were silversmiths. 1) Ebenezer moved to Boston. 2) Enoch moved to Portland, Maine, each of them continuing their crafts in their respective places. 3) Abel inherited his father's business in Newburyport.

 * William Moulton IV (1772–1861) was the fifth in line of the Moulton chain. He worked from 1795 to 1845 as a silversmith in Newburyport, Massachusetts, establishing his own shop there. In addition to supplying church silver and other vessels, he made jewelry in his shop on Merrimack Street. William had two apprentices, Anthony Francis Towle and William P. Jones.

 * Joseph Moulton (1814–1903), his son and the sixth and final in line, in 1857 sold the silver business he inherited to his father's two apprentices, Anthony Francis Towle and William P. Jones (who were also his apprentices), to form Towle & Jones, Co. In 1873, the son of Anthony Francis Towle, Edward Bass Towle, was added to the business, and the name was changed to A.F. Towle & Son. It was in business through 1902, at which point their dies were purchased by Rogers, Lunt and Bowlen, who were later to become Lunt Silversmiths.

A number of examples of early silver items produced by the Moulton family are in the Strawbery Banke Museum in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

title: Moulton family (silversmiths)


text:
Talk:David Spiegelhalter

it says CStat dubious-discuss
He's on the list https://www.rss.org.uk/site/cms/contentviewarticle.asp?article=1284 Aalisonberry (talk) 18:01, 16 October 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on David Spiegelhalter. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110903103326/http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk:80/About%20Us/People.html to http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/About%20Us/People.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110814215436/http://isi-web.org/root/weldon-memorial-prize-and-medal to http://isi-web.org/root/weldon-memorial-prize-and-medal

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 12:27, 8 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on David Spiegelhalter. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120113232213/http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/People/formerstaff.html to http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/People/formerstaff.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 21:41, 13 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Spiegelhalter


text:
Oaxaca

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , from  +  +.

Proper noun

 * 1) A municipality whose municipal seat is the city of the same name.
 * 2) One of the 31 states of Mexico, formally the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca, located in the southern part of the country, west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
 * 1) One of the 31 states of Mexico, formally the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca, located in the southern part of the country, west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.

Translations

 * Amuzgo:
 * San Pedro Amuzgos: Nontsco
 * Chatino:
 * Tataltepec: Londaꞌa
 * Western Highland: Londaꞌa
 * Marathi: वाहाका
 * Mazatec:
 * Huautla: Na⁴xi⁴ntsje⁴
 * Mixtec:
 * Chayuco: Nunduva
 * San Juan Colorado: Nunduva
 * San Miguel El Grande: nunduá
 * Yosondúa: Nunduva
 * Nahuatl:
 * Classical: Huāxacac
 * Popoloca:
 * San Juan Atzingo: Conchia
 * Spanish: Oaxaca de Juárez,
 * Triqui:
 * Chicahuaxtla: Acuej³
 * Zapotec:
 * Isthmus: Lulá, Oaxaca
 * Yatzachi: Ḻaꞌ
 * Zoogocho: Ḻaꞌ

 * Marathi: वाहाका
 * Spanish: Oaxaca de Juárez,

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 瓦哈卡
 * Hindi: वाहाका
 * Marathi: वाहाका
 * Nahuatl: Huāxyacac
 * Popoloca:
 * San Juan Atzingo: Conchia
 * Spanish:
 * Zapotec:
 * Yatzachi: Ḻa'
 * Zoogocho: Ḻa'

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Oaxaca is the 34707th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 651 individuals. Oaxaca is most common among Hispanic/Latino (93.7%) individuals.

Noun

 * 1) A semihard white cheese from the Oaxaca region of Mexico.

Etymology
, from, from +  +.

title: Oaxaca


text:
User:Nagarpedian/sandbox

''Note: This page is a subpage of the User:Nagarpedian. We work within the WikiProject Indian cities but have not yet acquired the status of a Taskforce. Nevertheless, you are welcome to join us by adding your name here and reaching out to us on the talk page.''

''Information from this section has been added to the WikiProject Indian Cities page. We also intend to contribute to this page. And this page contains information on the city pages we are editing.''

= Sections = These are the sections that should be included. Like all rules on wikipedia, use your instinct and intuition. If any of the sections become too long or end up having too many sub-sections, it is better to add them to another page, eg. "History of City XYZ", and add a "Main Article" template (see how to add a template), for example:

Lead
This is not a section per se, but the text that comes before the Table of Contents.

The lead should summarise key aspects of the city, what it is known for and its significance. The first paragraph should also mention its geographical location, distance from the state capital. Geographical co-ordinates can be mentioned, if there is no separate section for Geography. Use the Cities infobox to enter relevant details.

The origins of the city name can also be included here. Also recommended are the IPA and aural rendering of the city name. The lead should contain a minimum of two medium sized paragraphs (~300 words). Also, need to be noted that there is a community consensus on not to use use WP:INDICSCRIPTS in lead.

 * Rating: Compulsory
 * Length: 2-3 paragraphs

Etymology (Origin of name)
If there are many theories of the name of the city and the etymology (or toponym) which would unnecessary lengthen the lead in, consider adding this section. The origin of the name is important and should be included in the article. All theories should carry valid citations.

 * Sources: You can try your luck at Infoplease encyclopædia
 * Rating: Section optional; inclusion important
 * Length: minimum one large paragraph, or two small paragraphs.

History
The history section is one of the most important sections of the article. It should describe the key events of the city starting from its origins to the current. As far as possible avoid political history except for key instances crucial for the city's change. Do not use subheadings. Recent history should also be mentioned. Recent incidents may be incorporated in other relevant sections like "Government and Politics", "Demographics" etc. as appropriate.
 * Who founded the city? When?
 * Economic history of the city like old trades, businesses, livelihoods
 * What made the city famous? Who are the famous personalities from this town?
 * History of the  monuments/heritage structures.

 * Sources: The city municipality's website, Google Scholar (search city name+history), Encyclopedia Britannica (or see this list of names here).
 * Rating: Compulsory
 * Length: 4-6 paragraphs; summarise/précis if longer, add detail to another page.

Geography
This section is also compulsory. Describe the city's geographical coordinates, location in India, altitude, area, region (Konkan, Deccan etc.), if coastal city etc. If applicable also mention rivers, lakes, creeks and islands within and near the city. Hills and highest point may also be mentioned. Some prompts:

 * What are the town’s coordinates?  What is the location of the town (near which big city?) What are the main areas, localities, and their proportionate sizes?
 * Geology : Any mountains/rivers/tectonic plates/rocks?
 * Climate: Temperature per month and climate events (monsoon for e.g.)
 * Any natural disasters
 * What is the flora and the fauna ? Are there main green areas / protected areas ?

"If there is a lot of information under this section, consider the following subsections"
 * Conservation efforts of heritage

Topography
If available, add a paragraph on the topography of the city, i.e. the geographical landscape.

Climate
This sub-section is compulsory. If there is less information under Geography, you do not need to add climate as a subsection.

Mention the seasons, weather, when the city gets its rains and annual rainfall. Give the average temperature and if possible temperature records. Also give the range of yearly extreme temperatures. Eg. The annual temperatures range from a high of 42 °C to a low of 2 °C. The climate section can also be a standalone section. See Mumbai. For extreme temperatures this site has a good list. Units should be in SI with imperial equivalents.

This tablefrom India Meteorological Department has data on minimum, maximum temperature and rainfall data for many cities.

Conservation
Anything to do with environmental conservation in the city.

Geology
If available, add a paragraph on the geology of the city. This information is optional. If the region falls in an earthquake prone zone; mention that too (see Earthquake hazard zoning of India and this UNDP report for hazard zone information).

If adequate information on both the climate and geology is available, then the two may also be included as subsections under Geography. See Sikkim.

Flora and Fauna
If available, add a paragraph on the flora and fauna of the city.
 * Sources: State, District, City Government Websites ; IMD Archive for climate information, FallingRain for geographical coordinates, Google news or the encyclopædia InfoPlease.
 * Rating: Compulsory
 * Length: Varies. Try not to exceed 10 paragraphs if geology and climate are both included in geography.

Demographics
Mention the population here, if it is a metropolis, mention the city and metropolitan population. Also mention the density, literacy, sex ratio. Mention the break up of religious groups. If information is available, the slum population and crime rate statistics can be included. Include inline references. This site has

You can mention the languages spoken in the city and ethnic groups. The status of communal harmony can be mentioned.

If there is a lot of information under this section, the proposed subsections or areas that you can cover are:

Languages
However, please note that if the content under this section becomes too long, create a separate page for the Geography of the city.

 * Sources: For population statistics from Census 2011, check the official sources: for the city; for the urban agglomeration. Visit the census website and download a look at the District Census Handbook (Part B & Town Amenities) for district and city specific information on gender, caste.
 * Rating: Very Important
 * Length: maximum five paragraphs

Government and politics
This section include information on the civic administration/governance/actors (institutions responsible for the city), as well as civic utility (information about various services supplied to citizens). A city falls under multiple administrative areas - the Lok sabha/Vidhan sabha constituency; district administration; state government; central government; local, primary or city government/ULB, but this city page is expected to focus on the city government (see Devolution, 74th CAA).

In the introduction to this section, mention how many seats the city contributes to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and the state assembly. X city usually falls under Y constituency, represented by an MP and an MLA. You can also list some of the political parties, and add political history here.

Civic Administration
Proposed subsections include:

City Government
You can link this subsection to the Municipal Corporation of the city, for eg.Talk about the municipality/municipalities that govern the city. Mention how many subdivisions and wards there are in the city. Include information about mayors, councillors/corporators, commissioners etc.

 * Does the town have a municipal government (municipal corporation, council)?
 * If yes, when was the municipal government created?
 * What is its area in sq. km?
 * How many zones is the city divided into?
 * How many wards and elected members does the city have?
 * Is there a ward committee?
 * Who is the Mayor (if applicable)? Who is the Municipal commissioner/president/CEO of the municipality?
 * How many years is the tenure of the council, mayors etc?
 * What are the functions of the city government (such as waste collection, water supply) ?
 * What was the budget of the municipality in the last year?
 * What are the key revenue sources of the municipality?
 * How is the municipal government administered (how many people/how many departments)?
 * Which are the key executive committees in the city govt (not the multiple subject/standing committees)
 * Is there a cantonment board inside the town ? What is its area ?

Law and Order
Information about the police: Police Commissionerate

Information about the judiciary: local courts etc.

Civic Utility / Amenities / Services
Information on electricity, water supply, road maintenance etc, basically the functions under the local government, which are also performed by the state government. While a city is administered by a municipal body or municipality, other agencies also play a major role:
 * District/Divisional HQ & District Collectorate/Magistrate
 * City Development Authorities
 * Smart City SPVs (Special Purpose Vehicals)
 * Coastal Zone Management Authorities

As well as other parastatals. Sources:
 * Who creates the masterplan for the city?
 * Which agencies are responsible for the piped water supply, sewerage, sewage treatment etc. (there may be multiple agencies for each function)?
 * What proportion of the city has piped water? Where are the sources (natural, artificial)? How many households are attached?
 * What proportion of the city has sewerage networks? How many households are attached?
 * Who/which agency supplies electricity?
 * The number of hospitals in the city, urban Primary Health Centres (PHCs), CHCs, etc
 * To find the name of municipalities within your city, use Google News or go to the census website and download the handbook under 'town amenities'; Then visit the respective municipality website or search for information about it. If the municipality website link is broken, search for a copy at the Internet Web Archive.
 * For Lok Sabha and state assembly constituencies, get started with constituencies here (or look at MP names here - uncitable source) (to know which constituencies fall within a city, check out the 2008 Delimitation) and then cite using Google news or Lok Sabha's website here.
 * For Rajya Sabha, see this. Find a list of municipal commissioners through this AMRUT list and Swachh volunteers list (not exhaustive; outdated - so please verify from Google news). You can also try searching for the "city development plan" for this information, or access information in District Handbooks.
 * For information on waste management, try this document from NIUA.
 * Rating: Very Important
 * Length: Not more than four paragraphs.

Economy
Describe the primary economy of the city, the major industries, businesses etc. Also mention the primary occupations of the city residents. A list of major companies can also be included. If the length exceeds four paragraphs, move the detail to a separate article titled Economy of the city, and provide only a summary of 3-4 paragraphs here highlighting only the key points in the city's development.

 * Rating: Compulsory
 * Length: Not more than four paragraphs.

Culture/Cityscape
Mention what city residents are called. Mention popular cuisines. Film, architecture, art can be added. Include art galleries, museums and public libraries present in the city. Clothing too can be included. Notable musicians, authors, actors etc can be included.

Mention festivals in the city, the important ones and how popular ones are celebrated, include both religious and non-religious festivals. Suggested areas that can be covered under this section are:

Famous persons

 * Rating: Very Important
 * Length: not more than five.

Transport
Mention intra-city public transport (don’t use transportation, it's American English) eg. Buses, auto rickshaws, cycle rickshaws, taxis, trams etc. It should be in prose form rather than in bulleted points. For external transport, mention how the city is connected to the rest of India: airports, flying clubs, railway station and bus stations. Proposed subsections:

By Road

 * Rating: Very Important
 * Length: Variable, avoid more than five.

Education
Write about schools in the city, the boards that they follow and the education pattern. Important schools and colleges can be mentioned. Mention universities and prominent institutions and other educational centres.

 * Rating: Important
 * Length: maximum four.

Media
Write about the newspapers in the city; radio stations in FM and AM. Also include how television is received in the city — terrestrial, cable, DTH, CAS. Also include print publications in the city.

 * Rating: Important
 * Length: not more than three.

Sports
Mention the most popular sport in the city. Mention the stadiums present in the city for each sport. Also include the sports that are popular in schools, colleges and the most viewed sports. Prominent sportsmen from the city can also be included. This section may also be merged with the "Culture" section.

 * Rating: Important
 * Length: not more than three.

title: User:Nagarpedian/sandbox


text:
File:BuildWall11.jpg

Summary
Illustration for building the wall of the movie set for the WikiU Film School created using FrameForge 3D Studio 2 Demo Version.

title: File:BuildWall11.jpg


text:
File:Ots24mm.jpg

Summary
Illustration of a possible field of view for an over the shoulder shot for the WikiU Film School created using FrameForge 3D Studio 2 Demo Version.

title: File:Ots24mm.jpg


text:
1941 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team

The 1941 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team was an American football team that represented South Dakota State University in the North Central Conference during the 1941 college football season. In its first season under head coach Thurlo McCrady, the team compiled a 2–5 record and was outscored by a total of 131 to 32.

Guard Leon Anderson was the team captain. He was also selected by the college sports editors to the 1941 All-North Central Conference football team.


text:
Talk:Film base

Untitled
I feel that the recommendation of burning film to test the base should be removed. This is NOT safe, not to mention it is completely illegal... You can't burn nitrate film (in the United States, at least). — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:39, 24 May 2012 (UTC)

The Laurier Palace fire in Montreal in 1927 had nothing at all to do with nitrate film stock. It was caused by a discarded cigarette which fell between the floorboards. aldiboronti (talk) 16:13, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Film base


text:
Talk:Hiroshima Prefectural Museum of History

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Hiroshima Prefectural Museum of History. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120204164610/http://www.manabi.pref.hiroshima.jp/rekishih/cover_e.html to http://www.manabi.pref.hiroshima.jp/rekishih/cover_e.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120204164610/http://www.manabi.pref.hiroshima.jp/rekishih/cover_e.html to http://www.manabi.pref.hiroshima.jp/rekishih/cover_e.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120204164610/http://www.manabi.pref.hiroshima.jp/rekishih/cover_e.html to http://www.manabi.pref.hiroshima.jp/rekishih/cover_e.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:45, 4 November 2017 (UTC)


text:
Talk:1951 Amateur World Series

I question the accuracy of the remark that this was the ninth Amateur World Series. There are article for ten prior editions and redlinks for two more having been held prior to this competition. 2600:1004:B118:340:3D44:9C78:2B85:F6AF (talk) 22:24, 8 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Additionally, it says that this was the final time Cuba competed for 56 years but the Baseball World Cup main article and the articles on other World Cup/Amateur World Series tournaments also contradict this. 2600:1004:B118:340:3D44:9C78:2B85:F6AF (talk) 22:29, 8 February 2015 (UTC).

 * Since this needs to be fixed so badly, guess that it's time to WP:BB. 2600:1004:B118:340:3D44:9C78:2B85:F6AF (talk) 01:25, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:1951 Amateur World Series


text:
mundungus

Alternative forms

 * mundungus
 * mundungo
 * mondongas
 * mundungas
 * mundungoes
 * mundungo’s
 * mundungos
 * mundungoes
 * mundungo’s
 * mundungos

Etymology
From the, perhaps via its 🇨🇬 etymon.

Noun

 * 1)  Offal; waste animal product; organic matter unfit for consumption.
 * 2) * 1767, November 5, George Faulkner, a letter to William Bowyer:
 * Claret is the universal medicine here, and mundungus port the bane and stupefaction of all society.
 * 1)  Poor-quality tobacco with a foul, rancid, or putrid smell.

title: mundungus


text:
Software Freedom/Controlling Communication Activity

In this activity, students design, implement, share, and discuss a communications technology that defines the terms on which others can communicate.

Key Concepts
This two part activity is designed to be used and to build upon the concepts from the Software Freedom/Communication. In particular, it aims to help frame questions including:

 * How can the medium for communication limit, increase, or otherwise effect a message?
 * How can students manipulate a communication medium to change the terms of communication?
 * How is the way that communication mediums are designed more broadly reflective of the types of designs decisions that students can make while writing software? What are the possible repercussions of this type of design decision?

Materials
For Part I, you will need:

 * Pencils and papers for each student. Colors pencils are optional but might be fun.
 * A set of relatively complex pictures or photographs; one set of 3-4 photographs for each pair of students.

For Part II, you will will need:

 * Access to computers for each student in the class.
 * Access to a modified version of the Gossip IM client with support for user-specified filtering.
 * A pre-configured chat channel set as the default on each of the chat channels.

Activity
The activity is divided into two parts. Part I is non-technical and can be done without computers. Part II requires access to computers and to a specially modified instant messaging client which is available as free/open source software. Both issues attempt to drive at the same core concepts.

Part One
The teacher should explain to the students that, for the duration of the experiment, students can communicate in any way they desire except by showing each other the drawing. That may translate into gestures, faces, works, etc. They should be encouraged to be creative.

Students should split into groups of two. In each dyad, one student should be given a photograph. Sitting across a table from each other, the student with the photograph should describe the photograph to the second student. The second student should do their best to replicate the drawing on a piece of paper according to the first student's description.

After the students have finished their drawings, the student who drew should be given another photograph and the process should be repeated with the roles repeated. Things should proceed identically except that the medium of communication should be changed. This process should be repeated several times. The medium may include:

 * Over the telephone as part of homework.
 * Over IM or chat within the computer lab.
 * Face-to-face but using only gestures (i.e., no speech or words)
 * Only through written words.
 * Using written words and a pictures.

Student should reassemble in class and compare drawings within in each medium and between different mediums.

Discussion should proceed from these drawings on the nature of the communication medium and, ultimately, the nature of the quality of the final product produced with each medium.

Part Two
Students should be given a modified version of the Gossip instant messaging client on their computers and then asked to join a chat channel with every other student in the class or lab. Students should familiarize themselves with the chat client but should already be at least somewhat familiar with the mechanics of messaging and chat.

Students will then be introduced to the concept of filtering. Students will see how to block message by keyword and by user, how to delay messages by keyword, user, or message frequency from a particular users, and how to alter messages en route in a variety of simple ways including keyword expansion and emoticon or image interpolation.

Students will then be asked to create their own set of filters that makes the chat channel different: either more entertaining, more efficient or more difficult. They will then be asked to explain their filter to the rest of the class over the chat channel.

Students will reconvene in the class and will again briefly present their filter. They will compare their in-class explanation to the explanation they made in the chat channel. The initial presentations will have, of course, been mediated by the filters that the student wrote. Students should reflect as as group on a number of questions:

 * Did students receive messages correctly through the filter? Did they receive it completely? What did they miss?

 * Were individuals understandings inhibited or changed by the filters they wrote?

Discussion
Discussion should happen after both Part I and Part II but should culminate in a larger discussion at the end of both activities. In both sections, discussion should be framed and led so that students focus on key concepts in this theme. Important questions may include:

 * How is the process of changing medium similar and different from the process of adding or removing filters to an IM conversation?
 * Were some media or filters easier to communicate over than others?
 * Where there certain topics or concepts that were easier to communicate in some media or with some filters but more difficult to communicate with others?
 * How could students help make things easier or more difficult to understand by manipulating filters or changing media?

Also, students should be asked to reflect on the effect of their filters with questions that might include:

 * What sort of effect did the work with the filters have on communication more generally?
 * Was communication more fun? More difficult?
 * What sorts of communication would their filters make easier or more difficult?
 * How are the filters similar to communication technology design more generally?

Students should also be encouraged to connect the processes in the manipulation of media to the idea of censorship -- ideally if they have covered this in other work before and it does not need to be introduced again. They should ask:

 * How is the manipulation of media similar or different from censorship?
 * What is the relationship between censorship and communication technology design more generally?


text:
Talk:Dale Morey

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Dale Morey. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150208001921/http://www.indianagolf.org/Hall-of-Fame-Members_e749b5f5d5c.html to http://www.indianagolf.org/Hall-of-Fame-Members_e749b5f5d5c.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:06, 4 May 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dale Morey


text:
Marge Calhoun

Marge Calhoun (20 March 1926 – 2 September 2017) was an American surfer. She was the first woman world champion surfer when she won the Makaha International competition on the Hawaiian island of Oahu.

Early life
Calhoun was born in Hollywood in 1924. She spent her childhood weekends with her family on Venice Beach and Santa Monica, practicing swimming and diving. Calhoun was a competitive swimmer, having trained for the 1940 Summer Olympics, before the event was cancelled due to World War II. She also worked as a stunt performer.

Surfing
In the 1950 decade, Calhoun got her first surfboard from her husband, Tom. She got into the sport and started riding the waves. In 1958 she and her friend Eve Fletcher spent a month in Hawaii, where Calhoun competed in and won the Makaha Invitational tournament.

In 1961 she was a co-founder of the United States Surfing Association, being their first secretary and first woman surfing judge.

Personal life
Calhoun was married to Tom Calhoun. Her daughters Candy and Robin are also surfers.

title: Marge Calhoun


text:
Aravindan Puraskaram

Aravindan Puraskaram (Aravindan Award) is an award instituted in 1991 in the memory of iconic Malayalam filmmaker G. Aravindan for the best debutant director in Indian languages. The award comprises Rs. 25,000, a memento and a citation. The award is facilitated by Kerala Chalachitra Film Society. The award is presented on March 15 every year on the death anniversary of Aravindan, who is considered one of the pioneers of parallel cinema in Malayalam.

title: Aravindan Puraskaram