text:
Talk:Databases/Introduction

I can instruct on many things about this. See too Topic talk:Databases. Just ask anything and I'll answer and add it. --Jorge 22:22, 24 January 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Databases/Introduction


text:
Talk:Campo de Criptana

Burned church
"The building was erected on the site of the 16th century church, which burned in 1936." Given the date, I would assume that it was one of the churches torched by radicals at the start of the Spanish Civil War, but the article says nothing. Do we know anything about this? - Jmabel | Talk 01:58, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Hello. You are on right. It was one of the churches torched, by extreme-left milicians during the Spanish Civil War. Sorry my bad English. ---Kripta- (talk) 00:30, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Featured elsewhere?
I cleaned up the use of but I see no evidence that the Spanish-language article is featured. What is the basis for claiming this? - Jmabel | Talk 02:06, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Sorry, my mistake. Removed. Rodney Boyd 16:33, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Confiscation
The original article says, "Tal situación favoreció el nacimiento de una burguesía local que, beneficiada por los efectos de la desamortización...". desamortización refers to confiscation of property, but whose? Rich landowners? The Church? Rodney Boyd 04:04, 31 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Undoubtedly the Church. Note the remark on confiscation of the Carmelites' land later in the article. Any problem with restoring the word "church", which you appear to have removed? - Jmabel | Talk 16:11, 5 April 2006 (UTC)
 * No problem. I removed it because I didn't know the answer to the above question. Thanks. Rodney Boyd 17:01, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

Good night. Please, sorry my bad control of your beautiful language. Please, if you can, write again that information. I have the answer to your question. It is the Juan Alvárez Mendizábal Confiscation, (in spanish: "Desamortización de Mendizábal"). It was a economical confiscation against the Church. It was on Spain between 1820-1823, and the politician that ordered it was Mendizábal. In the spanish article of Campo de Criptana, that information don't appear, because in Spain, the Confiscation is a very famous History episode, and everybody knows it. It's our mistake, we may to say it, (it is no famous in all around the world, only in Spain). In the Wikipedia on castilian, you have an article of Desamortización if you are interested in. Please, if you can, with this information, write the information. I can't do it, my control of English is so bad!! Thank you so much for your attention. ---Kripta- (talk) 00:27, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Pointless article
I found the article completely pointless. No demographics, no climate, no economic data. Little history, probably scavenged from internet. But churches aplenty. Really... I was there last year, and I can come up with more relevant/interesting subjects to write than what is here. And I have next to nothing knowledge about the place. No wonder wikipedia became a synonimus for crap. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:42, 17 May 2011 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Campo de Criptana


text:
GarageBand/Creating more sounds with rhythm

{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 60%; background-color: BlanchedAlmond; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" |

Search the symphony orchestra sounds

 * 1. Discover other sounds
 * Bells are great... but now you should try other instruments to find very gentle repeating patterns what will create moods when played as background rhythm.

 * Try using the notes of a string guitar and harp.

 * style="width: 40%; background-color: Lavender; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 100px;" |

Send me your results
Again, pick four notes which when played rapidly over and over great a mood.
 * 2. Pick four notes

Create a project file in GarageBand and place the notes in the project file and repeat them for four measures just like you did for tiny bells.

 * 3. Send me your project files for new moods.

Once you are happy with sounds, send me the project file. Each file is 2 points (6 points maximum).

This lesson is done!
 * }

{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 100%; background-color: LemonChiffon; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="2" |

The Next Page

 * Once you have sent me your project files for three additional moods creatd with a repeating rhythm in GarageBand with Symphony Orchestra sounds, you are finished with this lesson.

 * In your next lesson, you must create moods with melody.
 * Sound of Drama - Melody [[Image:Crystal Clear app kcmdf.png|16px]]

 * }


text:
Business process management and automation

The goal of this department is to outline to any organization the opportunity they have to improve their return on investment through the application of Business Process Management and Automation techniques within their infrastructure. Thank you for your interest!

Department-level projects and learning resources
Please collaborate with us on a few of our Learning Projects :

Theoretical
 * BPMA Working Definition - Defining Business Process Management and Automation
 * BPMA Working Definition - Defining Project Management
 * BPMA Working Definition - Defining Information Technology

Applied
 * Business Process Management and Automation in Project Management
 * Business Process Management and Automation in Information Technology

Literature Review

Discussion questions and essay ideas

 * What are some ethical issues that can arise with business process automation?
 * What are some business processes that are most conducive to automation?

Wikipedia

 * Business intelligence
 * Human resource management system
 * Enterprise planning system
 * Process architecture
 * Process modeling
 * Process engineering
 * Autonomous logistics
 * Process calculus
 * Automatic invoice processing
 * Deskilling
 * Inventory control
 * Chief technology officer
 * Systems engineering
 * Productivity, automation, and unemployment
 * History of industrialisation
 * Automated decision-making
 * Project management
 * Business rules engine
 * Comparison of business integration software
 * Process theory
 * Smart manufacturing
 * Automation
 * Factory automation infrastructure
 * Document automation
 * Business Process Execution Language
 * Enterprise resource planning
 * Inventory management software
 * Business process automation
 * Warehouse management system
 * Logistics automation
 * Process automation system
 * Automated teller machine
 * Enterprise architecture
 * Outline of automation
 * Real-time enterprise
 * Automated retail
 * Cashierless store
 * Self-checkout
 * Data warehouse automation
 * Business process re-engineering
 * Business process management
 * Manufacturing process management

Active Participants
The histories of Wikiversity pages indicate who the active participants are. If you are an active participant in this department, you can list your name here (this can help small departments grow and the participants communicate better; for large departments it is not needed).

Inactive Participants

 * user:jcoickle
 * user : venkatakrishnan
 * user:mikekang
 * user:bryanfrew

Department News

 * Date founded - 27/10/2006


text:
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/High schools/UK/Scotland

More Schools Than Listed
I invite previous contributors @Scorpions13256, @eyeball kid, @Djharrity, @Sammi Brie, @Broxi, and @Bob247 to contribute to diminishing the number of schools present in order to finish this part of the project since the possibility of having an article for all of these is promising. Burgeoning Contracting  14:25, 7 June 2023 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Diederik Samsom

Untitled
Hi, I made a mistake while reading the list of PvdA parliament members (see there also); it's Diederik Samsom instead of Samson. dutch Wikipage <IP_ADDRESS> 17:18, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for noticing, I've mode the page accordingly to its correct title. C mon 17:32, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

THIS DUDE HAS NEVER BEEN THE MP! please edit. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:38, 6 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Is he not a Member of Parliament? (Or did you confuse MP for Prime Minister?) Squig2510 (talk) 22:08, 2 October 2012 (UTC)

Request for Comments
There is an RfC on the question of using "Religion: None" vs. "Religion: None (atheist)" in the infobox on this and other similar pages.

The RfC is at Template talk:Infobox person.

Please help us determine consensus on this issue. --Guy Macon (talk) 04:31, 23 April 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Diederik Samsom


text:
sex worker

Noun

 * 1) A person who supplies sex work (short-term sexual services) in exchange for compensation.
 * 2) * 1995. Lesley Doyal, "What makes women sick: gender and the political economy of health", Page 226
 * Most official attempts to monitor the health of sex workers have been designed to protect clients and society
 * 1) * 1999. Peter Aggleton, "Men who sell sex: international perspectives on male prostitution", Page 44
 * Many were initiated into sex work through friends who were already sex workers, but others took the initiative themselves.
 * 1) * 2010. Marshall Barron Clinard, Robert F. Meier, "Sociology of Deviant Behavior", Page 350
 * In an unusual move, Florida prosecutors charged not only the sex workers advertised on the Web site, but also the Web site owners and registered users of the site.

Usage notes

 * This term is promoted along with the idea that what has previously been termed should be recognized as work on equal terms with that of conventional jobs, with the legal implications this has. It is sometimes regarded as a less offensive alternative to, although "sex worker" has a much broader meaning.

Translations

 * Arabic: عامل بالجنس, عاملة بالجنس
 * Bengali:
 * Catalan: treballador sexual, treballadora sexual
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Danish: sexarbejder
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: sekslaboristo, amoristo, amoristino
 * Finnish: seksityöntekijä
 * French: ,
 * Georgian: სექს-მუშაკი
 * German: Sexarbeiter, Sexarbeiterin
 * Greek: ,
 * Hindi: सेक्स वर्कर
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: oibrí gnéis
 * Japanese: セックスワーカー
 * Korean: 성 근로자
 * Polish:, , ,
 * Portuguese: trabalhador sexual
 * Romanian: lucrător sexual, lucrătoare sexuală
 * Russian: рабо́тник се́кс-би́знеса, рабо́тница се́кс-би́знеса
 * Serbo-Croatian: seksualni radnik, seksualna radnica
 * Spanish: trabajadora sexual, trabajador sexual, sexoservidora, sexoservidor
 * Swedish: sexarbetare
 * Thai:
 * Turkish:
 * Vietnamese:, gái làm tiền, , gái đứng đường

title: sex worker


text:
Las Vega's (Colombian TV series)

Las Vega's is a Colombian comedy drama television series produced by Silvia Durán for RCN Televisión. It is an adaptation of the Chilean telenovela of the same name, and premiered on 26 October 2016, and concluded on 10 February 2017. The series stars an ensemble cast, starting with the singer Greeicy Rendón, Natalia Ramírez, Elizabeth Minotta, and Camila Zárate, along to the male cast; starting with Tiberio Cruz, Santiago Alarcón, Antonio Jiménez (actor), Luis Alfredo Velasco, and Juan Alfonso Baptista.

The series revolves around of the Vega Díaz family, who live happily until the family's patriarch suddenly dies, leaving his wife and three daughters Mariana, Antonia and Camila in total bankruptcy. After the sad news they received, the four women will discover that their family's patriarch had a dedicated nightclub for men. And thanks to this nightclub they have the brilliant idea of turning it into a women's-only club, and for this they hire 4 strippers, who will become more than just employees for them.

The first episode of the series premiered with a total of 8.6 million viewers, becoming the third most watched programs nationwide in Colombia. Despite having premiered with a good average, he failed to overcome the expectations of the network, and received negative reviews from the Colombian audience; who did not receive the series in a good way for "showing naked men" at a schedule when there are still children awake. The final episode of the series ranked fifth as the least watched show with a total of 6.9 million viewers.

Main

 * Natalia Ramírez as Verónica María Bolaños de Vega
 * Santiago Alarcón as Mauricio Reyna
 * Alejandro Martínez as Álvaro Sandoval
 * Juan Alfonso Baptista as Vicente Correa
 * Greeicy Rendón as Camila Eugenia Vega Bolaños
 * Camila Zárate as Antonia Vega Bolaños
 * Elizabeth Minotta as Mariana de los Ángeles Vega Bolaños
 * Luis Alfredo Velasco as José Luis "Coto" Rodríguez
 * Tiberio Cruz as Pedro Vargas
 * Antonio Jiménez (actor) as Robinson Garzón
 * Carlos Manuel Vesga as Germán de Jesús Ordóñez Prieto
 * Juan Manuel Restrepo as Kenny Marín
 * Marcela Valencia as Rocío
 * Diana Mendoza as Jesica Mejía
 * Carlos Hurtado as Carlos Vega
 * Gustavo Ángel as Concejal Javier Morales
 * Biassini Segura as Carlos "Carlitos" Vega
 * Julián Caicedo as Benjamín Orozco
 * Javier Gardeazábal as Renzo Sandoval
 * Cindy Yacamán as María José Duarte
 * Mónica Uribe as Natalia de Vargas
 * Juan Pablo Manzanera as Antonio "Toñito" Orozco Vega
 * Alberto León Jaramillo as Lorenzo

Recurring

 * Mónica Pardo as Natalia
 * Luly Bossa as Yolanda Lozano de Sandoval
 * Estefany Escobar as Lorena Cecilia Morales
 * Jorge Monterrosa as Macardo Figueroa
 * Manuel Busquets as Correa
 * Giancarlo Mendoza as Javier

title: Las Vega's (Colombian TV series)


text:
Hound Music

Hound Music by English author Rosalind Belben has been described by The Atlantic Companion to Literature as a 'fine historical novel. Published in 2001 by Chatto and Windus it is set at the beginning of the twentieth century in rural England and concerns fox-hunting.

Plot introduction
George Lupus is Master of Quarr Hunt and his four children also love the thrill of the hunt, but their passion is not shared by Dorothy, wife and mother. On George's untimely death, Dorothy attempts to disband the hunt, but she does not reckon on the determination of her children to maintain the tradition...

Reception
Reviews differed widely. The Spectator wrote 'A subtle, brilliant and paradoxical novel... No one has ever written better than she does here about the English upper-class cult of fox-hunting pre-1914...'. and The Telegraph was similarly effusive, 'It is a beautiful, resonant book about a hidden world ... The charm of this strange, haunting novel lies in her extraordinary ability not merely to describe, but to convey the very texture of whatever she is writing about ... She inhabits not just human skins but those of horse, hound and fox. At times she even contrives to become the landscape across which all these creatures enact their drama of pursuit.' The review concludes: 'It is a piece of virtuosity that should be required reading for anyone who wishes to understand hunting, rather than merely hold a prejudice about it.'

In contrast, Alfred Hickling in The Guardian complains 'what strikes you most about Rosalind Belben's evocation of early 20th-century countryfolk is her cacophonously awful prose. She frequently lapses into incomprehensible rural jargon – one chapter is bafflingly entitled "Breaking off and the Poultry-Fund Certifier". I had begun to hope that it was a Stella Gibbons-style parody, but the stoic humourlessness suggests she might be in earnest.'

MJ Fitzgerald wrote in Rain Taxi that "This is the novel that should have won the 2001 Booker prize, but of course it was not even on the long short list".

Sequel
Characters from Hound Music appear in Belben's next novel Our Horses in Egypt set twenty years later.

Publication history

 * 2001, UK, Chatto & Windus, ISBN 978-0-7011-7277-0, Pub date Aug 2001, Hardback
 * 2002, UK, Vintage, ISBN 978-0-09-942954-8, Pub date Nov 2002, Paperback

title: Hound Music


text:
User:Everton Oral Smith

Given name Everton Oral Smith. I hail from a small community, called Chudliegh,  Manchester  in Jamaica. Like most professionals, I began working with food as a boy. “ Preparing food was something I did in school in Jamaica. My school emphasized cooking. But I also cooked at home. By the age of 12, I was making Sunday dinner for my family of eight”.

“I visited Nassau many times and finally settled here at the age of 25. “My first job was in an Australian downtown pub, but I soon landed a kitchen job at a high-end Restaurant on Paradise Island. I learned so much there. The staff was very experienced and I absorbed all of it. I have apprenticed at a French, Greeck ,American , Japanese and Italian restaurants outside and within major resorts such as Sandals and The  Atlantis. “In 2006, I was promoted to sous chef which was a major turning point in my career. Soon after I was promoted to head Chef at Carmine’s Bahamas restaurant. I trained in New York for that position. Two years later I was promoted to Executive Sous Chef at Bobby Flay at Mesa Grill Restaurant, From there I when on to work with Iron Chef Todd English Olives .(  also at Atlantis). That was a thrill for me”.

My career took off when I became a private chef at :www.blueeprivatecateringserv.com ( CEO ) That gives me a wider scope of exposure as vhef. It’s most rewarding. I have the chance to explore alot. Cooking is one of the most knowledgeable and creative profession i’ve ever known. As a Chef I value the freedom given to create culinary excellence, with the help of a strong support system and a focused culinary team.

What I love about cooking the most is the aroma of fresh herbs and spices as am   big on flavors. That’s my emphasis. I always encourage experimentation, But it’s always about the burst of flavor to enhance a guest’s experience. The key to cooking is to be creative. But first, you need to know your flavors. You need to understand what will make your vision come to life. You need to see a dish inside your mind….. That is how cooking as it should be.

title: User:Everton Oral Smith


text:
Maurice Dobigny

Maurice Dobigny (born 19 October 1935) is a French field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

title: Maurice Dobigny


text:
2nd Bodil Awards

The 2nd Bodil Awards ceremony was held on 29 April 1949 at Palace Hotel's night club Ambassadeur in Copenhagen, Denmark, honouring the best national and foreign films of 1938. Ib Schønberg acted as host and Lily Broberg, Poul Reichhardt and Grethe Thordahl performed at the event which was attended by 300 guests.

Bodil Ipsen's and Lau Lauritzen, Jr.'s The Viking Watch of the Danish Seaman won the award for Best Danish Film and Johannes Meyer won the award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in it. Mogens Wieth won the award for Best Leading Actor for his role in Kampen mod uretten. Karin Nellemose won the award for Best Leading Actress for her perfor role in the same film and the award for Best Supporting Actress for Mens porten var lukket.

title: 2nd Bodil Awards


text:
Talk:Bernhard Arp Sindberg

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English
The English of this article could be improved considerably. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A00:23C0:7C80:8401:3832:A63C:74D8:662E (talk) 17:35, 22 February 2018 (UTC)

a statue has been erected in his name, should this be updated? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 11:57, 2 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bernhard Arp Sindberg


text:
Lindsey Doe

Lindsey Takara Doe (born 1982 (age 26)) is a sexologist, sex educator, and host of Sexplanations on YouTube.

Personal life
Lindsey Takara Doe was born in 1982 (age 26). she had three children. In 2015, when one of her daughters complained about a boy who would not stop pestering her for a date, Doe took the opportunity and published a video addressing such harassment from boys; the video received international attention, spirited debate, and over 76,000 views in ten days.

In 2010, Doe's photograph was featured alongside a personal statement as part of The Strong Women Project, exhibited at the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library in Missoula, Montana. She was originally photographed "in a pressed collared shirt, slacks and matching jewelry", but felt she was misrepresenting herself; Doe returned to the shoot hours later, stripped to her underwear, and slathered herself in homemade mud to retake the photos.

In 2022, Doe posted to Twitter that she had moved to Slovenia.

Education
For her Master of Science at the University of Montana (UM) in 2005, Doe's thesis was Phenomenological claim of first sexual intercourse among individuals of varied levels of sexual self-disclosure. She received her Doctor of Philosophy in human sexuality from the then-accredited Institute for Advanced Study of Human Sexuality.

Career
A self-described sexologist, by February 2008, Doe had an office in Missoula—the city's first, helping clients with sexuality difficulties. In 2015, her sexual health center was Birds and Bees LLC.

She was also an adjunct professor at UM, teaching on human sexuality, from 2006–2014. After her departure from the school due to budget cuts, enrollment numbers in the human-sexuality course dropped by half, and by the 2017–2018 academic year, the course was gone altogether. In autumn 2014, she was traveling across the United States and giving one-hour college lectures on sexual health.

Sexplanations
Driven by her children's lack of sex education, in April 2013, Doe partnered with Hank Green to found the YouTube channel Sexplanations, a series about human sexuality that began that July. By October 2013, the videos had already attracted controversy and attacks on its host; viewers have objected to Doe's use of the phrases "biosex male" and "biosex female" to refer to sex assignment, as well as her inclusion of "allies" in the initialism LGBTIQQAA2. The ratio of filmed content to the final videos is about 30:1, with Doe and her videographer agonizing over all the details. Guests on Sexplanations have included Eden Atwood and Hank Green. The show's tagline is "stay curious". In 2015, The Daily Dot raved about Sexplanations, calling it "not only an accomplishment in the world of sex education but the world of YouTube." In June 2017, Doe expanded the Sexplanations brand to a similarly-themed podcast.

In November 2021, Doe announced the December retirement of Sexplanations, citing two primary reasons: first, an observation that she was finding her content repetitive, and second, that her mental health had declined from nearly a decade of persistent sexual harassment and vitriolic emails and calls to her personal cell phone.

title: Lindsey Doe


text:
Wikipedia:Motto of the day/February 12, 2015

This motto is empty! Please, take a moment to review the nominations and nominate your own new mottos at Wikipedia:Motto of the day/Nominations/In review and Wikipedia:Motto of the day/Nominations/Specials. Any help would be appreciated. –p joe f (talk • contribs) 07:29, 10 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Gone to Coney Island and Booming Business

Replaced image
I found a better image in the Moving Picture World that wasn't ruined in the scan from another digitization. I've replaced the advertisement with the actual film still. ChrisGualtieri (talk) 17:19, 9 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
User:Ashokchaudharyoffical

Name Ashok chaudhary Date of birth 28 september 2002 Education 10th 2016-17 RBSE with 74.33% 12th 2018-19 RBSE with 84% BSc 2019conti. Jodhpur lachoo memorial college

title: User:Ashokchaudharyoffical


text:
Talk:Lucid Dreaming/Reality Checks/Jumping

"I did the jumping reality check and floated back down. I asked a dream character about this. He said that gravity was decreasing due to global warming. I accepted this wierd explanation and continued in my dream."

I just thought I would add that I completely fabricated this example, however it is typical that ludicrous explanations can be accepted once you ask dream characters for them. So remember kids, Today's Lucid Tip: Dream Characters Suck! r3m0t (cont) (talk) 21:57, 7 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Mohammad Hassan Khalil

Mohammad Hassan Khalil, also known as Mohammad Khalil, was raised in East Lansing, Michigan, and is currently professor of religious studies, adjunct professor of law, and director of the Muslim Studies Program at Michigan State University.

Career
Khalil received his B.A. (with High Distinction), M.A., and Ph.D. from the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor), and was previously an assistant professor of religion and visiting professor of law at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Khalil is the author of Islam and the Fate of Others: The Salvation Question (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012), which shows how four of Islam's most prominent scholars—al-Ghazali (d. 1111), Ibn al-'Arabi (d. 1240), Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 1328), and Muhammad Rashid Rida (d. 1935)--imagined (each in his own way) a paradise replete with various categories of non-Muslims. In addition, Khalil argues that neither exclusivism—the belief that only Muslims could ever be saved—nor pluralism—the belief that multiple religions are equally salvific—was as popular in Islamic theology as numerous scholars of religion have assumed. This is a point that Khalil highlights in his article "Salvation and the 'Other' in Islamic thought: The Contemporary Pluralism Debate (in English) (Religion Compass 2011).

In April 2010, Khalil organized the first known international symposium on salvation in Islamic thought called "Islam, Salvation, and the Fate of Others." The symposium featured a diversity of eminent scholars of Islam and was held at the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign). Most of the papers presented at the symposium appear in a volume edited by Khalil called Between Heaven and Hell: Islam, Salvation and the Fate of Others (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013)--the first ever multi-authored volume on salvation in Islam in English.

In his 2018 book Jihad, Radicalism, and the New Atheism, Khalil scrutinizes the popular New Atheist claim that Islam is fundamentally violent; he does this "by comparing the conflicting interpretations of jihad offered by mainstream Muslim scholars, Muslim radicals, and New Atheists."

From 2012 to 2018, Khalil served on the board of directors of the Society for the Study of Muslim Ethics.

Works
Islam and the Fate of Others: The Salvation Question (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012)

Between Heaven and Hell: Islam, Salvation, and the Fate of Others (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013)

Jihad, Radicalism, and the New Atheism (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018)

Muslims and US Politics Today: A Defining Moment (Harvard University Press and ILEX, 2019)

title: Mohammad Hassan Khalil


text:
Wikipedia:POTD column/April 6, 2006

Apollo 17 was the eleventh manned space mission in the NASA Apollo program and was the sixth and last mission to date to land on the Moon. It was the first night launch, and the final mission, of the Apollo program.

Photo credit: NASA Archive - Nominate new image

title: Wikipedia:POTD column/April 6, 2006


text:
muỗi

Alternative forms

 * (no diphthongization, dialects without ngã-nặng merger)
 * (no diphthongization, dialects with ngã-nặng merger)

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 moːs ("fly") and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) a mosquito

title: muỗi


text:
Talk:Great Living Chola Temples/Archive 1

Review
The article, 'Great Living Chola Temples' is properly cited and the information contained within is relevant to the Great Living Chola Temples. Since the article has a limited amount of information given, there are no facts that can be seen on the surface that act as a distraction.

The article is mostly neutral. In the section 'Criteria for being "Great Living Chola Temples,' there is but one opinion, that being the three Chola temples of Southern India represent an outstanding achievement in the architectural conception of the Dravidian type of temple. While opinionated, this statement isn't heavily biased. The statement simply talks about how grand this form of architecture was for 11th and 12th century India.

There is a massive under-representation of the Chola temples themselves. The Brihadisvara Temple, the Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram and the Airavatesvara Temple have nearly nothing said about any of them in detail, other than that they simply are Great Living Chola Temples. There is mention of the three temples, that being the title of the articles, but the geographic location, the history, and the meaning behind the temples are missing.

The links within the article work, as well as the references and external links. The World Heritage Sites in India for the North, East, South and West are also working and cited properly. Furthermore, the links for the Brihadisvara Temple, the Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Airavatesvara Temple, the Darasuram, UNESCO, Chola, Tamil civilization, Rajaraja Chola II, and Tamil Nadu are working links that are also properly cited.

The information comes from unesco.org and the World Heritage Sites in India. They are reliable and are mostly factual sources rather than opinionated ones. Because the information is mostly factual from the two sources, they are not out of date, but rather, the information remains constant because of its factual foundation.

There are only two people that have commented on the talk page of 'Great Living Chola Temples.' One simply posted a picture of a god or goddess from the temple, and the other is presumably the creator of the article itself. The creator of the article simply cited the sources for this article.

The article is rated as a Start-class article. It is a preliminary article with plenty of room for improvement according to wikipedia. The rating entails that the article provides meaningful content, but most readers will need more. There are 4,912 views for the monthly average, and it is not apart of any WikiProjects to my knowledge.

In all sincerity, the lessons given in class don't touch very much on the Great Living Chola Temples. While I believe we briefly touched on the Chola empire in Chatper 3, which talked about the emergence of empires, the purpose and history of the Chola temples weren't talked about (so far) in the course. That being said, this article does touch base on the three priorities (even though four are listed) that are needed for something to be considered a great chola temple. Because this is such an in-depth apart of the Chola dynasty, this isn't touched on in the required readings, but the Chola empire itself is talked about.

A question I leave with the readers of this article is, what was the purpose of the Hindu gods or goddesses being built within the Chola Temples? Was it decided by the rulers or the people, and why did the rulers or the people choose those specific gods or goddesses?

Thank you. Pdmarsh2 (talk) 03:04, 26 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Please don't blank everything else on the page when you add something! Johnbod (talk) 03:31, 26 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
Gopal Singh (politician)

Gopal Singh (29 November 1917 – 8 August 1990) was an Indian Governor and politician. He was also a former head of the country's Minorities' Commission and a writer.

Singh was the Governor of Goa from May 1987, earlier the Lieutenant Governor of Goa and first Governor of Nagaland. Singh was nominated member of Rajya Sabha from 3 April 1962 to 2 April 1968.

A litterateur, he translated the Granth Sahib, the Sikh scriptures, into English. He also was English-Punjabi lexicographer and biographer of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh.

title: Gopal Singh (politician)


text:
Patania tchadalis

Patania tchadalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Patrice Leraut in 2005. It is found in Chad, Sudan and Tanzania.

title: Patania tchadalis


text:
Evolutionary Biology/Charles Lyell

< Evolution before Darwin

Charles Lyell lived from 1797 to 1875. Throughout his life, his first love was geology. By using his studies of the Earth, Lyell was one of the first scientists to try and create a time scale for the history of the earth.

His book titled Principles of Geology is thought to be one of the most important scientific books ever written because it proposed a way to study the forces that changed the geology of the earth by observing geology of the modern world. This directly contrasted the theories of catastrophism and supernatural occurrences. In this book, he introduced his theory of uniformitarianism. This is the idea that by using observations of current natural processes, we can predict how processes occurred in the past. In order to do this, we must accept that changes in nature occurring millions of years ago are similar to the changes that occur today. This idea of a uniform process of change is the basis of the theory of uniformitarianism. He also believed that each of these processes followed the already known natural laws. He thought that the changes the earth went through would continue on the same path throughout the rest of the existence of the earth. This theory is very important in the aspect that it can possible explain occurrences like mountain building, glaciation and volcano creation.

Darwin was very impressed by Lyell’s geologic findings in Principles of Geology. He studied Lyell’s work as he traveled on the Beagle. As he explored the coastlines of South America, Lyell’s book had a great influence on how Darwin looked at the geologic aspects of the land. In turn, many of Darwin’s experiences and findings reinforced many ideas put forth by Lyell in Principles of Geology.

title: Evolutionary Biology/Charles Lyell


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/Local/nhacentre.in

Links

 * nhacentre.in resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Selected additions

 * Displayed 5 additions out of 5 total.	 For more info see WikiProject_Spam/LinkReports/nhacentre.in

Entry
Log entry for the MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist:

\bnhacentre\.in\b           # ADMINNAME # see  [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam/Local/nhacentre.in ]]

Discussion
See COIBot report for more details.

New data reported. No links left in here mentioned edits. Marked stale. --COIBot (talk) 20:06, 17 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
User:Bamsaker5/sandbox

Sia Figiels writing is greatly influenced by her experience growing up in Samoa, and often displays the influence of western society on Samoan culture.

Articles to reference: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/40462397?sid=21105884145721&uid=3739256&uid=3739664&uid=4&uid=2

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17449859808589290?journalCode=rjpw19#.VSCF4xPF8pI

title: User:Bamsaker5/sandbox


text:
User:Sjc~enwikibooks

mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
Works of Norse Mythology
Hávamál: The Words of the High One, translated and annotated

Historical Theory
An Introduction to the Study of History User:Sjc/Work in Progress

Computing Topics
An Introduction to Java JDBC using SqLite

title: User:Sjc~enwikibooks


text:
Wally Rae

Sir Wallace Alexander Ramsay Rae (31 March 1913 – 18 March 2006) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly in Australia. He served in various Queensland Government ministries.

Biography
Rae worked as a stock and station agent before serving as a bomber pilot in World War II. After the war, he bought a property located between Blackall and Isisford.

A member of the Country Party he was elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly representing the electorate of Gregory in 1957. During his long career in Parliament, he held several ministerial positions including Minister for Local Government and Electricity and Minister for Lands and Forestry. He was later appointed Queensland's Agent-General in London.

In the 1976 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was made a knight bachelor.

He died in Port Macquarie, New South Wales, on 18 March 2006.

title: Wally Rae


text:
Talk:Languages of Nigeria

Arabic?
I have taken out the Arabic listing as one of the major languages of Nigeria. To the best of my knowledge, Arabic is spoken only indigenously by the Shuwa Arabs. It has always been a norm that the three major languages in Nigeria are the Hausa/Fulani, Igbo and Yoruba. IF you examine the population data, you'll discover the Efik-Ibibio group are definitely more than the Arabs.

Arabic is hardly spoken conversationally in the Northern part of the country (if the person who made the edits decides to use that argument), and the very few people who say anything Arabic are mainly muslims who's knowledge of Arabic is restricted to the Quran, but that is another topic Azuka 06:31, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Fully agree. I support your removal of Arabic. — mark ✎ 09:58, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks... Azuka

 * To the best of my knowledge, Fulani is not one of the major languages in Nigeria. Your list above should actually be Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo Emmakene 01:03, 5 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I think he doesn't mean Fulani as a language; I took his comment as referring to the fact that a sizable portion of the Hausa speakers are ethnically/historically Fulani who switched to Hausa after the Fulani Jihad. — mark ✎ 08:03, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

Major expansion of the List
I'm expanding the list of languages of Nigeria. Various sources indicate that there are in fact between 400 and 550 languages in Nigeria. Additionally some statements previously contained on this page, such as that only the elite part of Nigerian population speaks English, are just false. --Mike Sorensen 18:45, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks Mike. I'll be returning to do some basic formatting and linking to make it more readable -- Azuka 19:55, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for fixing some erroneous statements Mike. I have, however, removed the list because it is absolutely a bad idea for us to include an outright copy of Ethnologue's data on Nigerian languages. Besides, that's not our business — listing languages is something Ethnologue does, we do not need to duplicate its function. Rather, what we need here is a comprehensive article on the languages, language families, sociolinguistics, and language politics of Nigeria. Something more along the lines of Languages of Uganda for example. — mark ✎ 21:04, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Why is it a bad idea. Can you be more specific Mark. I think it is a great idea to include a full list. Maybe a separate page may be in order for it. As far as outright copy is concerned, this is explicitly permitted by the author of the list at question so again I don't see why would it be a bad idea. The references were specifically stated in the header and in the footer. What is the point of having an incomplete list as it is right now ? It looks bad and it doesn't reflect what is being discussed here.--Mike Sorensen 23:19, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

First, as I said, the verbatim copying of lists available elsewhere is not the 'core business' of Wikipedia; see What Wikipedia is not for more information. Secondly, you are wrong in assuming that the Ethnologue (a well-known site to language specialists both on and off Wikipedia) permits wholesale copying of their content. The footer notice says (on this page like on all of their pages) that the page may be cited, but that's something quite different from copying it. The terms of use of the Ethnologue state the following: You may make links to these documents (with proper attribution), but you may not mirror (i.e., place copies of) these documents, in part or whole, on your site without permission of SIL International (email International Administrator Copyright Permissions). Clear enough, I think.

Lastly, you ask 'what is the point of having an incomplete list as it is right now'? There is some merit to that question; if you ask me, I would be in favor of removing the list altogether and starting to write encyclopedic content. Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information. People come here because they expect to find quality encyclopedic content and not just a bunch of lists (see also Wikipedia is an encyclopedia). Therefore, I agree with you that this article shouldn't have an incomplete list; it shoud instead cover such issues as language politics, offical/recognized languages, sociolinguistics, languages, language families, dialectological issues, et cetera. Again, look at Languages of Uganda for a good approximation of a "Languages of X" article. — mark ✎ 09:52, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your reply. I see your point. It will take some work and some time (2 years :-), since there are over 500 languages but I will try to group them by language family and attach a commentary with each group.--Mike Sorensen 13:39, 8 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Okay. I'm not sure though if what you want really should go in one article. Keep in mind that this article needs only cover facts in so far as they are relevant to Nigeria. Some background articles already exist (such as Niger-Congo languages, Benue-Congo languages, Yoruboid languages, Igboid languages, Chadic languages, Tivoid languages) and there is no need to repeat everything that is in those articles just because some of these languages are spoken in Nigeria.
 * As with any good article, the challenge lies in being not too specific on the one hand, and not too broad at the same time. More specifity belongs to articles on individual languages and language groups; and more generality belongs to articles like African languages and language politics. This article, therefore, should primarily focus on the language situation of Nigeria. If you want to describe individual languages and groups of languages, you'd be better of writing separate articles first (preferably using good printed sources, as there tends to be a lack of good online materials on these languages). — mark ✎ 14:32, 8 November 2006 (UTC)

 * The list never got beyond a start, and was not even close to being representative, so I deleted it. kwami (talk) 20:23, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

Language policy & planning?
In general, when I look at "Languages in ..." pages I think in terms of describing policies as well as the languages. This is already a pretty well worked on article with a lot of material that could expand well beyond its current size just on the descriptive material (due of course to the tremendous linguistic diversity - comparable to Languages of Indonesia in population and language number, though this article is better developed). So I thought I'd ask first what others' thoughts were on whether this topic should go on the Languages in Nigeria page or into a new article? There is a lot to say in that area too, esp. in light of possibilities opened by ICT as well as discussions of bilingual education approaches. --A12n 00:20, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I Agree with you. I also think that all respective languages of Nigeria should be listed somewhere else and eventually each one of them should receive its own page. The linguistic diversity of Nigeria is tremendous and cultural heritage is also amazing. In some regions neighboring villages speak languages that differ so much that they can't communicate with each other except in English.--Mike Sorensen 07:33, 21 March 2007 (UTC)

Moved the list of languages of Nigeria to a new article List of languages of Nigeria
This will allow for a full list of languages of Nigeria without disrupting this article.--Mike Sorensen 08:35, 21 March 2007 (UTC)

second languages without native speakers
It's not clear from the present state of the article which are the "two second languages without native speakers " mentioned in the intro. Could someone clarify, please? Man vyi (talk) 17:09, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

 * That's just lifted from Ethnologue. Link at the btm of the page. kwami (talk) 20:10, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

Nigerian Language
what are the feature of Nigeria Language  —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:15, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Pick one, and follow the link. kwami (talk) 20:07, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

There's a language that has not been added to the list of Nigerian languages Nduyah also spelt as duya or nduya from kaduna state jaba local government area Woloko (talk) 02:18, 16 October 2022 (UTC)

Hausa as most spoken language in Nigeria
I have heard from good authority - as in Nigerian people! - that of the three main Nigerian languages (Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) - Hausa is the most spoken in  Nigeria itself, but unlike Igbo and Yoruba, this languages has few speakers outside Nigeria, because the Hausas do not travel much.Perhaps this could be given a prominent place in the article  - it would clarify the most spoken language in Nigeria. ACEOREVIVED (talk) 21:25, 26 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Almost the opposite, actually: Hausa is very widely spoken outside Nigeria, whereas Yoruba and Igbo are not (Yoruba extends across the border into Benin, where it is a 2ary language; Igbo is purely Nigerian). — kwami (talk) 20:10, 29 March 2012 (UTC)

Official Language
Why does the article say 'Brail' is the official language of Nigeria? Isn't this English? I looked up Brail and I could not find anything to say this was a language or the Nigerian official language. Can it be changed to English? Uhmss (talk) 17:02, 24 September 2021 (UTC)

Nigeria
I have not heard of Nigeria before <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:49, 3 May 2022 (UTC)

Fon category on the map
I know it's more of a Benin language, but Fon is nowadays categorized as Volta-Niger language and not Kwa language anymore as it currently appears on the map.

source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fon_language

This is a recent change as described in Gbe languages page. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gbe_languages — Preceding unsigned comment added by ElricGalad (talk • contribs) 19:58, 4 May 2022 (UTC)

WASSCE results
Should the WASSCE results be updated? The current one states a 60% fail rate, while the recent ones have an almost 80% pass rate. Kerouacfanatik (talk) 15:35, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Languages of Nigeria


text:
Mobarakeh (disambiguation)

Mobarakeh is a city in Isfahan Province, Iran.

Mobarakeh or Mobarkeh or Mobarekeh may refer to:
 * Mobarakeh, Qir and Karzin, Fars province
 * Mobarakeh, Sepidan, Fars province
 * Mobarakeh, Isfahan
 * Mobarakeh, Ardestan, Isfahan province
 * Mobarakeh, Tiran and Karvan, Isfahan province
 * Mobarakeh, Bardsir, Kerman province
 * Mobarakeh, Sirjan, Kerman province
 * Mobarakeh 2, Khuzestan province
 * Mobarakeh 3, Khuzestan province
 * Mobarakeh, Nishapur, Razavi Khorasan province
 * Mobarakeh, Bafq, Yazd province
 * Mobarakeh, Marvast, Khatam County, Yazd province
 * Mobarakeh, Taft, Yazd province
 * Mobarakeh County, in Isfahan province
 * Mobarakeh Rural District (Bafq County), Yazd province
 * Mobarakeh Rural District (Marvast County), Yazd province

title: Mobarakeh (disambiguation)


text:
Voter's Guide/Australia/Issue Guide/Economy

Economy is an issue in the 2004 election.

The person responsible for the economy is the Treasurer, who makes a budget every year in May.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Political Process

The result was delete. czar 01:35, 25 August 2020 (UTC)

The Political Process

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Doesn't appear to meet WP:GNG, the only coverage in reliable secondary sources is this borderline routine coverage of its Early Access release on Steam. signed,Rosguill talk 00:11, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Video games-related deletion discussions. signed,Rosguill talk 00:11, 18 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose Though the game is mentioned by at least one reliable source, please note that the game is on early access, therefore it will be constantly updated. One reliable source is reasonable as this game is a stub and will develop in time. Thanks. KRtau16 (talk) 09:01, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Comment I agree that it is too soon, and it fails WP:GNG, but can the article be stored in the draft section rather than delete? Thanks. KRtau16 (talk) 04:07, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I don't have an issue with draftifying, although it is worth noting that even if deleted, you can request to have the article restored at WP:DRV once more sources are available. signed,Rosguill talk 04:24, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Oh ok. I understand. It's up to the votes anyway. As majority of the people here voted Delete, then it should be. If there are sources, then I will request for the article to be restored at WP:DRV. Thanks again. KRtau16 (talk) 04:42, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Delete seems like a case of TOSOON. Since it isn't even released and there aren't any reviews of it yet. It's not like the article can't be recreated if or when both occur. As things currently are though, it fails WP:GNG. --Adamant1 (talk) 11:45, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete probably too soon. There is a decent chance this game will the reviewed by some publications but in the meanwhile fails WP:GNG.  W 42  13:59, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete: I love this game, but yeah, I agree that this is WP:TOOSOON. The PC Gamer article is the only WP:RS I could find on the game, and it's not much. Article can be recreated when more reviews come out.  Bait30   Talk 2 me pls? 20:04, 18 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
DEW line

Proper noun

 * 1)  The Distant Early Warning Line, a series of radar stations, located north of the Arctic Circle and extending from Alaska to Baffin Island, operated by American and Canadian authorities from the late 1950s to the early 1990s to help protect North America by detecting incoming hostile missiles and aircraft.

title: DEW line


text:
Johann Friedrich Reichardt

Johann Friedrich Reichardt (25 November 1752 – 27 June 1814) was a German composer, writer and music critic.

Early life
Reichardt was born in Königsberg, East Prussia, to lutenist and Stadtmusiker Johann Reichardt (1720–1780). Johann Friedrich began his musical training, in violin, keyboard, and lute, as a child. Reichard's father was a student of Timofey Belogradsky, who in turn was a student of Sylvius Leopold Weiss. When Reichardt was ten years old, his father took the choir in which he sang, the "Wunderknaben", on a concert tour in East Prussia.

After being encouraged by Immanuel Kant, Reichardt later studied Jurisprudence and Philosophy in his hometown and in Leipzig from 1769 to 1771. In 1771, he escaped civil service by embarking on a Sturm-und-Drang tour as a virtuoso. He returned to Königsberg in 1774 and became the Kammersekretär (Chamber Secretary) in Ragnit. After Reichardt sent his opera Le feste galanti as a sample piece to Friedrich II, he was appointed to the position of the Royal Prussian Court Kapellmeister, a position previously held by Carl Heinrich Graun.

Two years later, he already withdrew from the job and married the singer, pianist and Lieder composer Juliane Benda, a daughter of Frantisek Benda. Of their progeny was one daughter, Louise Reichardt (11 April 1779, Berlin – 17 November 1826, Hamburg), who became a noted composer and singer, and a son, Wilhelm (1777–1782).

Later career
On the return from his first trip to Italy in 1783, Reichardt stopped in Vienna, where he met Kaiser Joseph II, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Christoph Willibald Gluck. Further musical trips to France and England did not produce anticipated success; he therefore returned reluctantly to Berlin. In 1786, he developed close friendships with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Johann Gottfried Herder, Friedrich Schiller and Johann Georg Hamann. A small collection of his writings is in the hands of his family, specifically, Dagmar Reichardt (* 1961). During a visit to Augsburg in 1789, he met the composers Nannette Streicher and Anna von Schaden.

Further attempts to gain new ground in Paris failed, yet he had become zealous with revolutionary ideas. After the appearance of his Vertrauten Briefe (Intimate Letters) in 1792, he was released in 1794 without pay from his position as Court Kapellmeister for being sympathetic to the French Revolution. He lived first in Hamburg, where he released the journal Frankreich, but from 1794, he lived in Giebichenstein near Halle. In 1796, he was pardoned for his support of the revolution and appointed to the post of the director of the saline (salt mine) in Halle. From there, he often traveled to Berlin to lead the premieres of his compositions.

Another trip to Paris in 1802 lessened his fascination for the French and French politics considerably: he became an opponent of Napoleon. Four years later, when his manor was plundered by French troops, he fled to Danzig where he was active as a patriot and freedom fighter. Napoleon's brother Jérôme, located in Kassel, allowed Reichardt to return and named him to Theater Director in 1807. This lasted only nine months. In November 1809, he traveled to Vienna looking for success. After experiencing the music of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, he became receptive to the Viennese Classic, although he was too late. However, he soon returned to Giebichenstein where he died alone, from a gastric illness. His stage works were quickly forgotten after his death but his strophic Lieder and Ballads im Volkston (in folk style) enjoyed considerable popularity beyond the 19th century, aided by the Wandervogel movement.

Works
Much of Reichardt's reputation as a composer rests on his Lieder that number about 1,500, using texts by some 125 poets. Important among these are the settings of Goethe's texts, some of which were known to, and influenced, Schubert. He was also known by his Singspiele, a genre that he refined with Goethe's support. He also wrote 49 songs to Herder's texts. Aside from his music, his work as an essayist has maintained its value up to this day. The collection of poems Des Knaben Wunderhorn is, in the epilogue, dedicated to Reichardt. This was probably in the expectation that he would set the text to music. However, such a setting from Reichardt was never composed.

Stage works
See List of works for the stage by Johann Friedrich Reichardt.

Writings

 * Briefe eines aufmerksamen Reisenden, die Musik betreffend (1774–76) (Letters of an observant traveler, as it pertains to music)
 * Über die deutsche komische Oper (1774) (About German Comic opera)
 * Musikalische Kunstmagazin (1781–1792) (Musical Art Magazine)
 * Studien für Tonkünstler und Musikfreunde (1793) (Studies for musicians and music enthusiasts)
 * Vertraute Briefe aus Paris (1804) (Intimate letters from Paris)
 * Vertraute Briefe aus Wien (1810) (Intimate letters from Vienna)
 * Other writings on music and his travels

title: Johann Friedrich Reichardt


text:
User:0xACED/sandbox

nnn is a free and open-source file manager which provides a text-based user interface to provide file managing functionalities for Unix-like systems. It is a fork based on noice. nnn reoriented itself to add additional features to provide a more complete file managing experience. nnn's goal is to provide the file managing operations while using a minimal memory footprint and a very optimized performance, as it is utilizing low-level functions to access the file system and keeping the amount of reads to a minimal, allowing nnn to perform well on embedded devices. As the base program is retained within a minimal design philosophy, additional features and functionality are available via user plugins.

Operation
Each instance of nnn provides 4 contexts, or commonly referred to as tabs, which allow you to browse multiple directories within the same instance. From within nnn basic file operations such as adding, duplicating, moving, removing and renaming files are available. Additionally it provides functionally for mass file renaming and mounting remote drives via sshfs. One unique feature of that separate instances of nnn can share the selection that has been made in one of the running instances.

Browsing through the file structure can be done with the arrow keys or mouse, in larger directories it is recommended to filter out the results via a text search string or Regular expression.

Configuration
nnn retains most of its configuration to environment variables or command line arguments. Additional functionality can be installed via plugins that can be activated via a extra menu or adding keybindings for them.

title: User:0xACED/sandbox


text:
Southern Fuegian Railway

The Southern Fuegian Railway (Ferrocarril Austral Fueguino (FCAF)) or the Train of the End of the World (El Tren del Fin del Mundo) is a gauge steam railway in Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina. It was originally built as a freight line to serve the prison of Ushuaia, specifically to transport timber. It now operates as a heritage railway into the Tierra del Fuego National Park and is considered the southernmost functioning railway in the world.

Origins
In the late 19th century, Ushuaia on Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego developed as a penal colony, with the first prisoners arriving in 1884. In 1902, work began on a proper set of buildings for the prison by inmates, and a railway on wooden rails was constructed to assist the transport of materials, mainly local rock, sand and timber. Oxen pulled wagons along the narrow gauge of less than. In 1909, the prison governor informed the government of the need to upgrade the line and Decauville tracks at a narrow gauge were laid in 1909 and 1910 for use with a steam locomotive. They connected the prison camp with the forestry camp and passed along the shoreline in front of the growing town of Ushuaia. It was known as the 'Train of the Prisoners' (Tren de los Presos) and brought wood for heating and cooking as well as building.

The railway was gradually extended further into the forest into more remote areas as wood was exhausted. It followed the valley of the Pipo River into the higher terrain. Constant building allowed expansion of the prison and of the town, with prisoners providing many services and goods.

In 1947 the prison was closed and replaced with a naval base. Two years later the 1949 Tierra del Fuego earthquake blocked much of the line. Nevertheless, the government made efforts to clear the line and put the train back in service despite the absence of the prisoners. However the service was not viable and closed in 1952.

Rebirth as a tourist railway
In 1994, the railway was rebuilt in track gauge and began services again, although now in luxury relative to its origin as a prison train, with champagne and dinner services. A new 2-6-2T steam locomotive (Camila) was brought from England in 1995 with another made in Argentina and three diesel locomotives also serving on the line. Two garratts, in Porta's improved version, have also been procured.

Services leave from the 'End of the World' station (about 10 km west of Ushuaia's Airport and immediately west of the Ushuaia Golf Club). The route takes passengers along the Pico Valley in the Toro gorge and to Cascada de la Macarena station where visitors are able to learn about the Yámana people and climb to a viewpoint at a 15-minute stop. The train then enters the national park and the forest, travelling through the valley below the mountains, reaching El Parque station where tourists can return by coach or train.

There is a plan to extend the line to a new station closer to Ushuaia and connect the station to the city with a tram.

In popular culture
The train served as inspiration to singer Michale Graves in the song "Train to the End of the World" of his 2013 album Vagabond.

title: Southern Fuegian Railway


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Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia

The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) is an independent, non-governmental organisation devoted to the advancement of knowledge and research in the social sciences. It has its origins in the Social Science Research Council of Australia, founded in 1942.

The Academy was established in 1971 to recognise and champion excellence in the social sciences and to provide evidence-based advice on a range of social policy issues.

The Academy consists of an elected Fellowship of almost 700 distinguished Australian social science researchers and professionals who work together to:

 * Provide advice to governments on issues of national importance;
 * Promote understanding and awareness of the social sciences; and
 * Coordinate international cooperation and collaboration in the social sciences.

Origins
ASSA's functions were originally fulfilled through the Social Science Research Council of Australia, which was founded in 1942. A timeline of events leading up to ASSA's formation in 1971 is as follows:

 * 1942 – Members of the Australian National Research Council propose the establishment of a Social Science Research Council.
 * 1943 – The Australian National Research Council considers the proposal and establishes a Social Science Research Committee.
 * 1952 – Nine years later, the Social Science Research Committee resolves to become an autonomous body. A draft constitution for the new body is accepted by the Australian National Research Council and all members of the Committee are invited to become members of the new Social Science Research Council of Australia.
 * 1953 – The new Council holds its first meeting with a membership of 44.
 * 1957 – The Social Science Research Council becomes an incorporated association.
 * 1970 – The Council adopts a recommendation that it become the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia.
 * 1971 – The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia is incorporated on 7 July 1971. The 96 members of the Council become Fellows of the Academy.

Fellowship
Fellows of the Academy include Australia’s leading researchers and practitioners across the breadth of social science disciplines, as well as a number of honorary Fellows (those who have made significant contributions to the social sciences beyond research), and overseas Fellows working outside of Australia.

To become a Fellow of the Academy individuals must be nominated by three existing Fellows, and have demonstrated an outstanding contribution to one or more fields of social science research or practice in Australia. Nominations are considered by the Academy’s disciplinary Panels, by independent assessors, then by the Membership Committee before being put to a vote of Academy Fellows in a general ballot.

As of 2020, there are over 680 Fellows of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (FASSA). On election, each Fellow is assigned to one of four panels, depending on their discipline:

 * Panel A: Anthropology, Demography, Geography, Linguistics, Sociology, Management.
 * Panel B: Accounting, Economics, Economic History, Marketing, Statistics.
 * Panel C: History, Law, Philosophy, Political Science.
 * Panel D: Education, Psychology, Social Medicine.

Governance
The Academy is an incorporated association and a registered charity with Deductible Gift Recipient (DGR) status. It is governed by an elected President and Executive Committee responsible for strategy and direction, and its National Office is led by a CEO responsible for day to day management.

Sub-Committees of the Executive include the Finance Committee, the Membership Committee, the Policy and Advocacy Committee, the Public Forums and Communications Committee and the Workshops Committee.

The President serves a three-year term with an additional year as President-Elect and two-years as Immediate Past-President.

From 1 January 2020, the Committee is composed of

 * President (Chair): Jane Hall (2019–2021)
 * Immediate Past President: Glenn Withers (2019–2020)
 * Treasurer: Wai Fong Chua (2019–2021)
 * International Secretary: James J. Fox (2014–2021)
 * Chair, Public Forums & Communication Committee: Richard Holden (2018–2020)
 * Chair, Policy & Advocacy Committee: Sue Richardson (2019–2021)
 * Chair, Workshop Committee: J. Michael Innes (2014–2020)
 * Chair, Panel A: Neal Ashkanasy (2020–2022)
 * Chair, Panel B: Kevin Fox (2019–2021)
 * Chair, Panel C: Kate Darian-Smith (2019–2021)
 * Chair, Panel D: Kevin McConkey (2018–2020)
 * CEO: Chris Hatherly

The Academy’s National Office is located in Canberra on the grounds of the Australian National University. A small team of staff work closely with the Academy’s committees and Fellows to manage all aspects of the Academy’s programs.

Events, Awards, and Workshops
Each year, the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia hosts and supports a wide range of social science or policy-focused lectures, forums, roundtables and other events around the country. Many of these events are free of charge and open to the public.

Events
The Annual Symposium is the highlight of the Academy’s calendar. Convened by one or more Fellows and held over a full day in November, the Annual Symposium is a public forum examining an important issue in the social sciences and/or public policy arena.

The Academy also hosts a series of lectures over the year. These include, but are not limited to:

 * Cunningham Lecture — presented by an eminent social scientist as part of the Annual events immediately following the Symposium. The Cunningham Lecture is named in honour of Professor Kenneth Stewart Cunningham, Founding President of the Social Science Research Council.
 * Fay Gale Lecture — presented each year by a distinguished female social scientist.
 * Keith Hancock Lecture — presented each year by a distinguished social scientist nominated by the Academy Fellows.
 * Paul Bourke Lectures — presented each year by each recipient of the Paul Bourke Awards for Early Career Research.
 * Peter Karmel Forum — held each year to provoke public discussion on a particular policy of Australian government, the policy making process itself, or comparisons of policies or policy processes found in Australia with those found in other jurisdictions.

Awards
The Paul Bourke Awards for Early Career Research are named in honour of the Academy’s past president Paul Francis Bourke (1938–1999) who was a product of the History school at the University of Melbourne and went on to become one of the first Australian historians to obtain American style doctoral training.

Whilst at Flinders University, he served as Professor of American Studies and also as Pro-Vice Chancellor. From Flinders University, he went on to become the Director of the RSSS at the Australian National University and also served as the President of The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (1993–1997). Amongst scholars, the contribution Paul made to the field of performance measurement is considered to be invaluable.

Based on nominations from Fellows, each Panel of the Academy will select one outstanding scholar to receive one of four Paul Bourke Awards. It is the intention of the Academy that the awards are presented to social science researchers who, at the time of nomination, do not yet hold an Associate Professor or Professorial appointment. Such persons are normally within five years of receiving their doctorate, but allowances are made for career interruptions.

The awards consist of a Citation and Medallion presented to each of the four winners at the Academy Annual Dinner. With the agreement of the winners’ home university, a jointly-sponsored lecture will be delivered by each of the winners during the year following receipt of the awards. The winners will also prepare a promotional article on their research to be published by the Academy.

Workshops
The Academy’s long-standing Workshop Program provides small grants to support interdisciplinary meetings discussing contemporary policy or research issues of interest to the social sciences. The workshops usually run for two-days and involve around 20 invited experts; mostly from the research sector, but also where relevant from government, the community sector or industry. It is a condition of funding that workshops are gender balanced in terms of speakers and participants, and include at least two early career researchers.

Each workshop supported by the Academy must also produce a report for online or physical publication by the Academy.

Other Academies
There are three other learned Academies in Australia, those of Humanities (Australian Academy of the Humanities), Science (Australian Academy of Science) and Technological Sciences and Engineering (Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering). The four Academies cooperate through the National Academies Forum, formed in 1995.


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Anglo-Saxon America

Proper noun

 * 1) The parts of the American continent colonized or historically controlled by Anglo-Saxon people, principally the USA and Canada.

title: Anglo-Saxon America


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16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers

The 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers was a cavalry regiment of the British Army. It was formed by the amalgamation of the 16th The Queen's Lancers and the 5th Royal Irish Lancers in 1922. The reason for the uniquely atypical regimental title (with a higher number preceding a lower) was that the 5th had been re-raised in 1858 almost 60 years after being disbanded, and when re-raised took precedence after the 17th Lancers. After service in the Second World War and the Gulf War, the regiment amalgamated with the 17th/21st Lancers to form the Queen's Royal Lancers in 1993.

Second World War
The regiment was formed at Lucknow in India by the amalgamation of the 16th The Queen's Lancers and the 5th Royal Irish Lancers on 11 April 1922. It moved to the United Kingdom in 1926 but returned to India in 1936 and was based there when the Second World War started. The regiment returned to the United Kingdom in 1940, becoming part of 26th Armoured Brigade in the 6th Armoured Division. As part of this formation, the regiment fought at the Battle of Kasserine Pass in February 1943 and the Siege of Tunis in May 1943, before landing in Naples in January 1944 and taking part in the Battle of Monte Cassino in May 1944.

Post-war
The regiment was posted to Flug Marine Barracks in Schleswig at the end of the war but moved to Lulworth Camp in late 1946. Princess Elizabeth became Colonel-in-Chief of the regiment in 1947, and after her accession to the throne, the regiment was retitled the 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, in 1954. The regiment was deployed to Egypt in March 1948 and to Libya in February 1950. It re-roled as an anti-tank regiment with 33rd Armoured Brigade based Athlone Barracks in Sennelager in July 1953 before moving to Waithwith Camp at Catterick Garrison in February 1957. It joined 12th Infantry Brigade and moved to Imphal Barracks in Osnabrück in April 1959.

The regiment deployed squadrons to Aden and to Hong Kong in November 1963 and then re-roled as a tank regiment at Aliwal Barracks in Tidworth Camp in December 1964. It joined 11th Infantry Brigade and moved to Lumsden Barracks at Bad Fallingbostel in January 1968. It became resident battalion at Lisanelly Camp in Omagh in November 1971 at the height of the Troubles and then returned to Aliwal Barracks in Tidworth in May 1973. From there it deployed squadrons to Cyprus and to Hong Kong. It returned to West Germany in a recce role and took up residence at Northampton Barracks in Wolfenbüttel in October 1974. From there it deployed units to Northern Ireland again.

In November 1980 the regiment moved to Bovington Camp as RAC Centre Regiment and, in January 1983, it moved on to Assaye Barracks at Tidworth as recce regiment for 1st Infantry Brigade deploying units for peace keeping duties to Beirut in December 1983 and to Cyprus in January 1984 and January 1985. It became recce regiment for 4th Armoured Division based at Harewood Barracks in Herford in November 1986 and deployed to the Persian Gulf in December 1990 for the Gulf War. Its final role was as recce regiment for 19th Infantry Brigade based at Carver Barracks at Debden in July 1991. From there it deployed units to Cyprus.

In 1993, as part of the reduction in forces after the end of the Cold War, it amalgamated with the 17th/21st Lancers to form the Queen's Royal Lancers.

Battle honours
Battle honours were:

For battle honours won by predecessor regiments see 16th The Queen's Lancers and 5th Royal Irish Lancers.

 * Second World War: Kasserine, Fondouk, Kairouan, Bordj, Djebel Kournine, Tunis, Gromballa, Bou Ficha, North Africa 1942–43, Cassino II, Liri Valley, Monte Piccolo, Capture of Perugia, Arezzo, Advance to Florence, Argenta Gap, Traghetto, Italy 1944–45
 * Gulf War: Gulf 1991

Commanding Officers
The Commanding Officers have been:
 * 1959–1961: Lt.-Col. Robert A. Simpson
 * 1961–1964: Lt.-Col. Peter C. Bull
 * 1964–1966: Lt.-Col. Peter J. Holland
 * 1966–1969: Lt.-Col. Henry A. G. Brooke
 * 1969–1971: Lt.-Col. John L. Pownall
 * 1971–1974: Lt.-Col. Alistair W. Dennis
 * 1974–1976: Lt.-Col. Richard Q. M. Morris
 * 1976–1979: Lt.-Col. Hon. Nicholas C. L. Vivian
 * 1979–1982: Lt.-Col. Charles J. Radford
 * 1982–1984: Lt.-Col. John A. Wright
 * 1984–1986: Lt.-Col. Derek M. O’Callaghan
 * 1986–1989: Lt.-Col. Mark F. C. Radford
 * 1989–1991: Lt.-Col. Philip E. Scott
 * 1991–1993: Lt.-Col. Peter M. Campbell

Colonels-in-Chief

 * 1922–1941: Field Marshal Alfonso XIII, King of Spain, KG, GCVO
 * 1947–1993: Queen Elizabeth II

Regimental Colonels
Colonels of the regiment were:
 * 16th/5th Lancers
 * 1922–1936 (16th Lancers): Lt-Gen. Sir James Melville Babington, KCB, KCMG (ex 16th Lancers)
 * 1922–1936 (5th Lancers): F.M. Sir Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, GCB, GCMG, GCVO (ex 5th Royal Irish Lancers)
 * 1936–1943: Gen. Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough, GCB, GCMG, KCVO
 * 1943–1950: Col. Henry Cecil Lloyd Howard, CB, CMG, DSO
 * 1950–1959: Brig. Philip Ernest Bowden-Smith, CBE
 * 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers (1954)
 * 1959–1969: Col. Dennis Douglas Pilkington Smyly, DSO
 * 1969–1975: Lt-Col. Anthony Stanley Bullivant, MBE
 * 1975–1980: Maj-Gen. James Dorian Lunt, CBE
 * 1980–1985: Col. Henry Arthur Gunning Brooke, MC
 * 1985–1990: Brig. John Lionel Pownall, OBE
 * 1990–1993: Maj-Gen. Alastair Wesley Dennis, CB, OBE (to The Queen's Royal Lancers)
 * 1993: Regiment amalgamated with 17th/21st Lancers to form The Queen's Royal Lancers

title: 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers