text:
2017 South American Beach Soccer League

The 2017 CONMEBOL South American Beach Soccer League was the first edition of the South American Beach Soccer League (named natively in Spanish as the CONMEBOL Liga Sudamericana de Fútbol Playa), a continental league competition for South American men's national beach soccer teams. Organised by the governing body for South American football, CONMEBOL, as part of its Development Department's Evolution Program, all ten members of the continental confederation took part, with both senior and Under 20s teams participating in the league events.

The teams were first divided into two geographically based zones (North and South) to compete in a round robin tournament against other members of their own zone. The winners of each zone then proceeded to face each other in the Finals to contest the title.

The regular season events took place in September 2017, whilst, due to delays, the finals did not take place until October 2018.

Brazil won the league after, as North zone champions, they defeated South zone champions Paraguay in the finals.

Format
The league operates under the following format:
 * The ten nations have been split into two zones, North and South, comprising five nations each.
 * Each zone hosts one round of fixtures involving all five nations of said zone, split into two categories of matches; a set of matches contested between the senior representative teams and a set of matches contested between the Under 20s teams.
 * Teams compete in round robin format exclusively against other teams in their own category.
 * Points earned by the nations in both the senior and the Under 20s matches are combined into one single cumulative table.
 * The nation top of the table with the most points after all matches are completed are deemed zone champions. The winning nations of each zone's event proceed to the Finals.
 * In the Finals, the North zone champion will face the South zone champion in both senior team fixtures and Under 20s team fixtures.
 * The victors of these matches will be crowned league champions.

Teams
Ten nations have sent two teams each, a senior representative squad and an Under 20s representative squad. In total, 20 teams will compete.

North zone

South zone

North zone
The North zone regular season event took place in the Peruvian capital of Lima. All matches were hosted in a purpose built arena on Agua Dulce Beach in the district of Chorrillos, organised in cooperation with the Peruvian Football Federation.

Matches are listed as local time in Lima, PET (UTC-5).

South zone
The South zone regular season event took place in the Paraguayan city of Lambare, Gran Asunción. All matches were hosted at the Central Court of the Resort Yacht y Golf Club Paraguayo on the banks of Paraguay River, organised in cooperation with the Paraguayan Football Association. The matches were originally scheduled to take place at Ñu Guasú Park in Luque.

Matches are listed as local time in Lambare, PYT (UTC-4).

Finals
The zone winners play each other for the league title; their senior teams play each other over two legs, as do their under 20s representatives for a total of four matches comprising the finals. The winners are the nation which accumulates the most points from all four matches combined.

Originally, the finals were scheduled for May 2018 in Xiamen, China. However, due to a last minute decision by the organisers, the finals were postponed on April 30 until after the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

After considering the Bahamas as the new venue, and Rosario, Argentina, the finals were eventually scheduled to take place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 5–6 October.

All matches took place at a purpose built arena at Barra Olympic Park, just outside the Olympic Tennis Centre.

Matches are listed as local time in Rio de Janeiro, BRT (UTC-3).

Matches
Brazil earn three points; Brazil lead the series 3–0

Brazil earn three points; Brazil lead the series 6–0

Brazil earn three points; Brazil lead the series an unassailable 9–0

Brazil earn three points; Brazil win the series 12–0

Winners
Brazil claimed a clean sweep in the finals, winning all four matches to win the series 12 points to nil.

With an unassailable lead after match three, the final match was played as a dead rubber.

Awards
Two individual awards were presented after the last match: Source

title: 2017 South American Beach Soccer League


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Barbadian Brazilians

Barbadian Brazilians (Barbadiano-brasileiro) or Bajans, refers to Brazilian people of full, partial or predominantly Barbadian ancestry, or Barbadian-born people residing in Brazil.

At the beginning of the 20th century, many Barbadians worked in the Amazonas region, Pará and Rondônia. There had been a mass exodus from the Caribbean in order to take part in the rubber boom, and the poor socio-economic conditions in Barbados at the time made Brazil an enticing place to search for a better life. In 1911 Roger Casement who was a British consular official at the time undertook a special investigation of the condition of Barbadian workers in the Putomayo Valley then part of Peru traveling to that region by going up the Amazon. The Barbadian presence is still evidenced through some surnames of British origin found in Brazil, such as Alleyne, Mottley, Maloney, Depeiza, Blackman and Layne.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Barbadian Brazilians


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User:Eep1mp/UCI datasets results

The University of California - Irvine holds a repository of datasets which are used by practitioners and researchers in the fields of Artificial Intelligence, Pattern Recognition, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Data Mining, Bio-informatics and others these are referred to as the UCI datasets.

The purpose of the datasets is to provide a publicly accessible resource to facilitate the development, comparison and testing of algorithms in the above fields. The collection holds some XXXX plus datasets covering a wide variety of problem domains. Some popular examples are

Research papers published in machine learning and related fields will often quote results achieved on these datasets as a way of allowing others to assess the efficacy of new techniques, or of placing current work in a context which can be related to the general corpus of research in the field.

As the volume of published work is large it can be difficult for individual researchers to keep track of developments in their field, or for new workers in the field to get an overall perspective on the state of the art.

The purpose of this page is to provide a view of the current, and historic, state of the art of performance of algorithms on these datasets.

Entries in the results tables should have been published in a peer reviewed medium, such as journal papers, conference proceedings or as the results of entries to public competitions.

Selected Results /Sonar

External Links UCI Machine Learning Repository Summary Summary Table for UCI Datasets

title: User:Eep1mp/UCI datasets results


text:
Cosmology (disambiguation)

Cosmology is the academic discipline that seeks to understand the origin, evolution, structure, and ultimate fate of the universe. The term is also often applied to the underlying model of such a system.

Cosmology may also refer to:

 * Physical cosmology, the study of large-scale structures and dynamics of the universe
 * Observational cosmology, the study of the structure, the evolution and the origin of the universe through observation
 * Philosophical cosmology, a branch of philosophy that ponders the universe
 * Religious cosmology, a way of explaining the origin, history, and evolution of the universe based on religious traditions
 * Biblical cosmology
 * Buddhist cosmology
 * Hindu cosmology
 * Jain cosmology
 * Cosmology (album), 2010 album by Rolo Tomasi
 * Cosmology (textbook), 2008 book by Steven Weinberg
 * Cosmology (The Urantia Book), cosmological and metaphysical concept outlined in The Urantia Book
 * Cosmology@Home, BOINC volunteer computing project

title: Cosmology (disambiguation)


text:
Wikibooks talk:Reading room

Page blanking
Sorry for the inadvertent blanking of the page. I consistently have this problem on Wikipedia as well. I edit a page, and the edit goes through, and on rare occasions MSIE brings up an error page instead of the page I should be viewing. Then no matter what I do, the page gets blanked. I wish I knew how to prevent it...

--Furrykef 10:32, 14 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * No problem. Perl 13:48, 14 Apr 2004 (UTC)

2d level headers
Some of the 2d-level headers on the Lounge page should now probably get their own Wikibooks: namespace page; for instance, a copyrights FAQ. Those that I made separate pages for (Project ideas, bookshelf ideas, etc.) might be better suited for the Wikibooks: namespace also; le me know what you think, or just move them if the desire strikes you. Sj 22:20, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Make this page easier to find!
I've just spent 10 minutes trying to find this page! I'm an active contributor to Wikimedia projects, in particular Wikipedia, and still couldn't locate the equivalent of the 'Village Pump'. I couldn't find it in the help, on the 'wikiversity' page (which I assumed was the equivalent to the 'community portal' on Wikipedia, as it is in the same location on the nav-bar) or at the 'study help desk' which was the first place I tried. I also tried typing in 'wikibooks:Village pump' to no avail. Whilst it is nice to have cute names like 'staff lounge' it is not very practical - some sort of consistency across projects would be useful. At least Village pump should be a redirect (which I have just made it). Having finally found the page (from 'recent changes, and even then it's not necessarily obvious that 'staff lounge' is the place to go) I thought of checking the main page - but even then I couldn't find a link. Please consider making this a little more friendly towards existing Wikimedia users - after all, I imagine that is where most contributors will come from! --HappyDog 00:50, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree. Since http://en.wikiversity.org/ is already reserved, I would also support the idea of moving the Wikiversity there as quickly as possible, and give Wikibooks again a real community portal page. Who has the power of doing this? --Andreas 14:34, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Done. It's now one of the first links on the Main Page. - Aya T C 20:00, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

Wiki promotion
I am in interested in giving public speeches regarding Wikimedia projects, especially this one. I was unable to find any sort of packet to help promote the project. It would seem that creating information on how to talk about the Wiki culture and get people interested in Wikibooks. The goals of a Wiki have obvious answers and many of the ethics that regard wikis are easily found, however a document with answers to pressing questions that one would be confronted with in a presentation would be a worthy endeavor. Is there a WikiBook regarding the promotion of Wiki, and certain specific Wikis present and I have missed it possibly? Thanks in Advance.

--Arckanghel 03:28, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Is there a WikiBook regarding the promotion of Wiki...? I think Wiki Science is intended to discuss promoting and presenting wiki, but it's a long way from being finished. Are there any "pressing questions" that it doesn't answer? Please add those questions to the book, even if you don't yet know the answers. The wiklossary is also intended to help new people learn about wiki culture. --DavidCary 08:20, 18 September 2006 (UTC)

Wikibook news?
I don't want to spend ages searching. I keep coming up against negatiev comments about this venture and wikiversity and there's little discussion here and of long ago. Is it dying? I'm trying to read and edit Philosophy here and it's very slow compared with wikipedia and needs work which I don't yet know how to do to move from one page to another more easily. If I am out of order, please excuse: I'm just trying to learn. And why am I <IP_ADDRESS> and not a name? <IP_ADDRESS> 08:29, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Wikibooks isn't dying, it's just very, very small compared to Wikipedia. We have maybe a few hundred pages in a few dozen books, they have 500,000 pages! Also, most of the contributors here have already had experience with Wikipedia so don't often have any new questions, leaving this Staff lounge eerily quiet. And the books rarely have unnecessary pages added so there's very little deletion activity either.
 * As for how to "be a name, not a number", you can create an account and specify a username. Accounts don't carry over between Wikimedia projects, you have to start a new account on each Wiki you want to have an identity on.
 * As for how to move information around, it depends. If you want to move a section of text to a different page, just copy and paste from one edit box into the next, ideally saying something like "copied Plato section from Introduction page" or whatnot in the edit box, just to acknowledge you didn't write it but are merely moving it. If you want to put something on a new page just create a link to your new page's name and click through to edit it. If you want to move an existing page to a new name you will need both an account and a certain number of edits (I think) to unlock the function.
 * I hope that's answered everything, and if not you can ask some more. Oh and if you want a page moved but find you don't have the power (again, I forget if a number of edits are required like for WP) just give me a shout on my Talk page and I'll do it for you in a jiffy. :) Master Thief Garrett 13:42, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * In contrast to what Master Thief Garrett says, please do not copy and paste articles to move them. Please move them according to policy.  --Cromwellt|talk 07:22, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

Controversial Issues
Your site mentions a list but gives no link. I have a real problem with wikibooks making available information which is ONLY useful to cause harm. To claim to have a neutral point of view is intellectually vacuous. Everybody is biased. English speakers are, humans are and so are warm blooded animals. Anyway, if Wiki is going to pretend to be above any common sense or judgement then I predict it will fail because sooner or later it will be linked to egregious acts which it contributed to in a reprehensible way. On the other hand, could you direct me to the wikibooks on hacking, virus writing, getting away with rape and murder and how to run a con on an old lady? Thanks! - <IP_ADDRESS>

 * First of all, the NPOV debate has been going on forever. Philosophically it's all a bunch of nonsense anyway, so I'd just forget about it. The point they're trying to make is that you should be aware that if you post something too controversial, another user may delete it. That's about all you can really say in practical terms.

 * Regarding the other issue, it's fallacious to believe that a book entitled, say, "How to get away with rape and murder", is only of use to those who may seek to commit those crimes. It would also serve as a guide for those who wish to prevent themselves falling victim to the same crimes, since, without knowing how these crimes work, there is no way to defend yourself against them. Arguably the same information would be available in a book entitled "How to protect yourself from rape and murder". - Aya T C 19:55, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Has anyone seen my +1 Mace of Troll-Slaying...? :P Odd bloke 15:33, 29 November 2005 (UTC)

 * First off, the NPOV thing isnt going to cause the downfall of wiki. People might not be perfect, but i see no reason why this project can't try to rise above the mob. Many institutions in this world have risen up out of the nonsense that is "the masses". Second, we are currently in an undeletion debate over the "Manual of Crime" book here. The general concensus is to delete that book because it is not a good thing to have here. We also, to my knowledge, don't have any books on hacking or virus authoring. We do have a book on software reverse engineering, although that book stresses the legal methods, and not the illegal ones. -- 18:41, 29 November 2005 (UTC)

WB:NPOV is a better place to discuss this.

Wiki etiquette?
I've come across a page with some dreadfully inaccurate information. I have materials with correct information that I've already written. Is it considered rude to erase someone else's incorrect info and replace it with a new, correct article?

Thanks, Enyo Nov 2 2005, 12:46 PST

 * Hello Enyo. I'd say the person or people who compiled the page might take umbrage at your rewriting it completely, but if you leave a note on its talk page gently indicating why you did whatever you might do, I'd hope they'd be less likely just to revert whatever contribution you make. Even if they did, you and they would then have the material on record with which to try to reach some consensus. A friendly reminder (to myself as well, as I type it): One person's correct and unbiased info might be another's incorrect and biased propaganda, so strive for as NPOV a presentation as possible. I think that's the idea.

 * Best wishes, David Kernow 23:08, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Hmm.... The subject is a long, extended period in history that currently only has a few paragraphs under a couple of headings. There are only two paragraphs that I would replace, as each one comprises its own section. What I would replace it with is much longer, more detailed, and so forth. I'm wondering if, at this point, perhaps it would be less problematic if I just a.) didn't bother or b.) set it up another page. Of course, I could always cite sources correcting this info in the talk section, which would assist in making it less of a slap, right?

Thanks for the tip. Unfortunately, while I *take* criticism very well, I suck at tactfully giving it to strangers. :P

Thanks, --Enyo 00:19, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

 * If you're at all worried that altering the current page might open some floodgates of rebuke, I'd say place your version on an alternate page and perhaps add a link to it at (say) the top of the original page. (I happen to've done something along these lines recently, although without adding a link on the original page; see Wikijunior Solar System/About gravity, mass, and weight and Wikijunior Solar System/About weight and gravity - and by all means leave a comment if you wish!). Note however that this would create a fork in the material between the original page and your alternative that would need to be closed before a version of the book could be declared complete.

 * I reckon, though, there shouldn't be any great problem if you went ahead and edited/replaced the original; whatever you do, the original will be retained in the history. "Be bold!" is, I believe, the order of the day - and I'd say cite your sources on whichever page you use for your material rather than a talk page.

 * Should you need any support or a third-party opinion, just give me a shout. Good luck!
 * David Kernow 04:30, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

See, I'm brand spanking new to Wikipedia. I'd started writing a text on this subject based on my research that I'd collected over the years on the subject for NaNoWriMo. Generally, when I start some creative endeavor, my husband points out something similar in nature that's already been done and tells me that there's no point in trying to reinvent the wheel. This time, he pointed out the utter lack of what I'm attempting, and suggested that I add to Wikibooks. (He believes that wikipedia and her sister projects are the greatest things in the history of the internet.)

So, I don't really know if there's Wiki-cliques and so forth. I try to not make a huge splash until I get to know the lay of the land (like mailing lists, blog sites, and so forth), and this is kind of my effort to learn wikirules before I start slashing and burning someone *else*'s efforts. After all, someone took the time to attempt to disseminate information that they, for some reason, believed to be true and correct. Does a virtual stranger have the right to come in and kick over their sand castle, even if it *is* done in the pursuit of knowledge? Or does wikiculture place higher status on the correctness of information versus someone's feelings?

You know, I really do appreciate your feedback to this babe in the woods. :-) I've already gone ahead and started a new page, since I'd done that without understanding that it *is* okay to edit someone else's work, and it's designed to be done that way.  Until I hear from the project's organizers, I'll just do that.  :-)

 * goes and checks out the contributer in question* Hmm...  Maybe it's not such the big deal that I'd thought it might be.  The author in question has only made three contributions to Wikibooks, all three of them relating only to those two paragraphs.  I might be worrying about hurt feelings for nothing.

--Enyo 04:38, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Hello again. Yes, from evidence such as the lists here I suspect there are "Wiki-cliques", although I don't know how far supporting a clique (subconsciously) features in members' activites. I'd say a good way to 'learn the rules' – or rather, 'a constructive way to work' – is to be bold and see what gives. Don't forget that even if you feel you're "kicking over some's sandcastle", their magnum opus is only one step back in the history attached to every editable page. I'd also say (hope) that as regards prioritising being correct and being sensitive, wikiculture just doesn't go there (at least not officially) but rather leaves an ever-fluctuating balance to emerge between the two. Well, something like that.

 * Congratulations on your unspartan but concise new page, which I think is appropriate as it whets the appetite without expanding everything mentioned. I haven't located the page it's meant to replace, but if that page is as you descibe I'd say you might as well replace it with your work. Remember, the original page will be retained in the history. To aid those who want to read further, how about turning a few keywords into links to other pages in the wikibook, or Wikipedia articles, etc – even if they are yet to brought into existence (i.e. the links appear in red) ? I've created five within the first three paragraphs as examples, all but one pointing to Wikipedia articles; if you decide to take up my suggestion (it's entirely up to you; you may prefer the plain text) then these may in turn be better made to point to other relevant pages/sections in the wikibook as it grows. I've also taken the liberty – shock horror – not (I hope you'll be relieved to hear) to "knock over your sandcastle" but to edit it a little, including changing a couple of phrases that read to me as unattributed POVs. As with everything that happens to an editable page, you're welcome to revert the changes, in this case with the extra knowledge that the person who made the changes won't be offended. You certainly might want to remove the comments (the stuff between and including the  markings) that I've added as a consequence. Many of my changes are simply alternative suggestions to your turns of phrase (i.e. perhaps more international).

 * Best wishes, David Kernow 06:30, 4 November 2005 (UTC)

 * PS Had not heard of "NaNoWriMo" before you mentioned it above – it sounds frantic, exactly the kind of thing that would drive me mad and probably therefore why I enjoy wiki-style contributing...!

Staff Lounge Page Size
Any chance this can be made smaller by archiving some of the discussions? It's just that this page in particular takes much longer to load than any other Wikibooks pages I visited. Xania 20:33, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * We do try to archive this page pretty regularly, but we also don't like to archive discussions that aren't over. If you see something that you think can probably be archived, you can feel free to do so. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 21:05, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * OK great. When I figure out how to then I might. Xania 21:18, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

Help Me
I am new to Wikibooks. Could someone please give me a welcome message like Wikipedia does? Thanks, Asher Heimermann 20:19, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

New design
/me likes --Iamunknown 07:41, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I spent about 2 or 3 hours on it yesterday. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 14:16, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Kudos WK. It looks good. -- Jim Thomas 15:39, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

"source" HTML markup
I noticed that the computer science texts generally use indentation for example source code, as follows

 * 1) !/usr/bin/perl

for ($x = 0; $x < 10; $x++) { print "number $x"; }

rather than the HTML "source" markup:

Is it appropriate to use the "source" attribute? --Dinomite 17:36, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

 * It is appropriate, and if you have the expertise, maybe you could work on updating some of them? The <source> tags are a relatively new addition to the software, so many older books don't have it. I tried to update the python book using bot to use the source tags, but there were so many irregularities among the code examples that I made more of a mess then I fixed. If you can do some, that would be great. Otherwise, maybe we could start making a list of pages that need to be updated, so everybody could participate? --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 21:02, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

What's up with the over-protection
Coming from the most vandalized wiki (the English Wikipedia), I have to say there is an unsettling amount of page protection going on here. This runs counter to the defining quality of wikis, which makes them so great. I saw a couple of simple typos I wanted to correct, but couldn't because they were protected. I don't know if these pages are fully protected or just semi-protected (no anon edits), but it doesn't really matter. As editing Wikipedia, Wiktionary, and Commons, takes up all my time already, I have no plans to be a consistent or even semi-consistent editor for WikiBooks, and thus see no reason to create a user account at this time. With me, WikiBooks is only losing two trivial edits, but in general is probably losing much much more as far as potential editors go.

A few years ago, I merely read articles on Wikipedia and didn't think to edit them, however after seeing some obvious spelling and grammar errors, that "edit this page" button was just begging to be clicked on. Everytime I ran into an error when reading articles, I would fix it. I found myself going out of my way to correct articles (i.e. going to pages I had no interest in reading). When I got involved to the point where I was going to talk and other namespace pages, I decided to get a username to be part of the community - not to simply edit articles. If I didn't have this open experience, I wouldn't be a Wikipedia editor at all, let alone a very dedicated one. I got involved with Commons and Wiktionary in much the same way, usually because of trans-wiki linking. Likewise, I came here to find a appropriate link to use on Wikipedia, saw a couple of errors I wanted to correct on my way, which could have been my first step into being a full-time editor, but got derailed by all the protected pages. I'm sure others feel the same. This is very unfortunate, as WikiBooks has lots of potential, but desperately needs more editors.

Vandalism sucks, but it's small price to pay for freedom. Vandals are annoying, but editors are more important.

On Wikipedia, we have a behavioral guideline called "Assume good faith", I suggest WikiBooks adopt this too.

Sincerely,

one less editor aka <IP_ADDRESS> 17:48, 11 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry you won't be editing. I'm not sure which pages you're referring to. So far as I know, Wikibooks actually has far less page protection than Wikipedia. Assuming good faith doesn't mean unprotecting everything; there is a balance to be had. If you like, feel free to tell us where the balance is off. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 18:12, 11 November 2007 (UTC)
 * moved to Reading room/General

 * Pages which are high-profile tend to be protected because of long histories of vandalism and abuse. Due to extensive blocking of open proxies, this may no longer be an issue of concern, but nobody yet has breeched the subject of unprotecting these pages. Some pages which are not high-profile may also have been protected because of some vandalism in the past, and simply never been unprotected as they should have been. In these cases, you should let us know which pages are protected, and mention that they likely shouldn't be. Most pages that are protected against vandalism are only protected against anonymous users. It's a price that we have been willing to pay to help prevent vandalism. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 01:15, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Too much of a price in my opinion. One of the very basic principles of Wikis are that ANYONE can edit.  I can possibly understand a temporary protection of hghly vandalised Wikipedia pages like George W Bush but on Wikibooks no page other than the main page or the userpage of highly active admins needs protection.  Anonymous users should be made as welcome as anyone else. Xania [[Image:Flag_of_Italy.svg|15px]]talk 22:25, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

 * I would tend to agree with you xania. Vandalism has decreased dramatically, and many of the pages that used to be high-traffic (such as the bookshelves) are being rendered obsolete. I think that there are very few pages now that need to be protected, and with few exceptions I think that we can unprotect them as we find them. There are a few pages, such as the main page and some of the policy pages that I think probably should stay protected, but that's a matter of personal preference. Also, I am keeping my own personal user and user talk pages move-protected as insurance against page-move vandalism, but that's also just a personal preference. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 23:38, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Lately if I protect a page, I have been making use of the expire field to limit the protection to 3 months, so it expires on its own without accidentally forgetting about it. Maybe including an expire time should be encouraged more for any pages that are protected. --dark lama  00:26, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
 * That's a good idea too. Lots of pages that have been protected historically were protected before the automatic expiration feature was added to the software. In the future, most page protections likely should have an expiration. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 00:34, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Expiry is definitely a Good Idea. I'd warn against wholesale unprotection though; pages should be unprotected on a case-by-case basis (just as they are protected on a case-by-case basis). Of course it's hard to weigh the issue when we don't know which page this person is talking about. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 02:43, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

I agree with both of you. We should have a short list of highly-vandalised books which can be protected and make sure that any other protections are done with an expiry date or a month or so. Personal pages obviously are excluded as it's your choice whether you want to protect it or not (I protected mine a while ago so it's probably still protected). Xania talk 00:50, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

Account blocked
Hello,

I am User:Pigsonthewing here, and on Wikiepdia (you can contact me by e-mail from the latter, for verification). My account here is listed as "permanently blocked" because of vandalism by another user. I have no idea what that's about. Can I reclaim the account? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:54, 24 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I imagine so - place a request at WB:RENAME. — Mike.lifeguard | talk 01:12, 25 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Thank you, will do. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:32, 25 August 2008 (UTC)

AQA Chemistry Help
I am --Jjkkll here, and i am editing the A2 section of the AQA A level Chemistry wiki book, but need help redirecting the pages so they fall under the parent hierarchy. http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/A-level_Chemistry/AQA
 * Hi Jjkkll. I know I said I didn't have time (and thus pointed you here), but then... lunch happened and I had time.  I moved several pages and relinked to them.  Let me know if you notice that I missed something.  --Jomegat (talk) 16:06, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
 * And... I just noticed two things that didn't quite go right. I moved the pages to "A-level Chemistry/AQA/Module N" where N is either 4 or 5.  However, two of these modules already had content in them.  Therefore, I deleted the existing content, completed the move, deleted the new content, and then restored both the new and the old.  You might want to have a look at the history of these two modules to see if you want to keep any of the old material: A-level Chemistry/AQA/Module 4/Kinetics and A-level Chemistry/AQA/Module 4/Polymers. --Jomegat (talk) 16:14, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

Hey, thank for that, it make it easier!. Could that have been done by me or do you have to have moderator privileges?

Anyway iv dumped all the info for the Module 5 sections onto the individual pages, now i will need to format them correctly and add the images which go with the text, but need to wait 4 days so i can upload images. --Jjkkll (talk) 23:02, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Most of it did not require admin privs, but you might not have been able to move the pages yet (I think your account has to be four days old - dunno when you created yours). I also deleted the orphan redirects, and that does require admin privs.  The rest was just a bit of editing.  Anyhow, you're very welcome, and we're glad you're here. --Jomegat (talk) 23:32, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

need help you guys
hello wikibooks, thank you for helping me help. I am a new student who majored in anthropology in Indonesia. I am very interested in this, I need your help? if you guys could help me to give you a little about why the birth of a sociology of human life, and how sociology can get to another country? and how the thinking of sociology in generally? please give me reason thank you

I am new to Wikibooks. Can anyone suggest me how to see books?

 * Sociology (only applies to human societies, even if structured societies aren't exclusively human). I would venture stating that today we live in a globalized world that social differences are increasingly diminishing making divergences more cultural artifacts than social imperatives.
 * Sociology, the reflection or study of social interactions, social institutions and the individual in society is often pointed as rooted in Wester philosophies but I think that it would be safe to state that no society could have been evolved in complexity without proper reflection about the desired structure (the vested interests of participants).
 * I do not understand fully your question "how sociology can get to another country?", the pursuit of social sciences and science in general is not limited by borders. On the other hand sociology lives by access to social data, I guess that in a closed or secretive societies there may some difficulties but as all science today it depends on the academia.
 * Wikibooks related to Sociology are listed in Subject:Sociology. --Panic (discuss • contribs) 14:08, 27 December 2012 (UTC)

Contacting Wikibooks participants
Hi, I just wanted to know why some user names on WikiBook come up as red and say that the user does not exists and others are in blue? What does this mean? Also I wanted to know how I get in contact with a person if I have their wiki name, how would I go about finding their personal wiki page? SmithBiancaAnn (discuss • contribs) 13:21, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Replied on Reading room/Assistance. Please follow up there.  — Ivan Shmakov (d ▞ c) 13:49, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

Linking within Wikibooks
Hi there, I was wondering how to link a Wikipedia as a link rather than a reference within a wikibooks article?

Thanks! Megan4pmGlasses (discuss • contribs) 13:56, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

 * This has already been recently discussed in one of the reading rooms, which is the appropriate place (this is the talk page for the reading room, a place to discuss the reading rooms).
 * See Reading room/Assistance. --Pi zero (discuss • contribs) 14:31, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

How do you become an administrator?
Hello! I was wondering how do you become an administrator? Thanks, ☺☺Visit my user page☺☺ (discuss • contribs) 14:36, 18 October 2014 (UTC) P. S. PLEASE TELL ME ON MY TALK PAGE. Thanks!

Links within Text
I am fairly new to Wikibooks and I am trying to add hyperlinks to my content. I was wondering if you could give me some tips or ideas regarding the best ways to go about this. Mich.henderson (discuss • contribs) 21:12, 4 March 2015 (UTC)

I would like to know how to link in text and also how to cite sources or reference with wikibooks.Pamela.nx (discuss • contribs) 08:22, 2 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Please see Using Wikibooks. QuiteUnusual (discuss • contribs) 10:51, 2 March 2016 (UTC)

Is it allowed to for one to create their own story or novel on Wikibooks?
It is Wikibooks. Doorknob747 (discuss • contribs) 02:54, 26 March 2015 (UTC)

 * Hi, Doorknob747. No, Wikibooks is for open-source textbooks.  A work of fiction would be an original work, so we wouldn't allow it here.  (WB:What is Wikibooks?)  --Pi zero (discuss • contribs) 10:57, 26 March 2015 (UTC)

Bad archive access button
Here (in 2009) a "kind of link" for getting access to "Current discussions and archives" is supposedly added. I do not know what it was supposed to do; but the implementation did and does involve a "searchbutton" with the label "Search current discussions and archives".

Pushing this button yielded (presently) a list of 304 pages with the prefix "Wikibooks:Reading room" in a rather scrambled order. First come a few subpages, then some archives from 2015, then some archives from 2009 and 2010, When I pushed it again later, the archives from 2015 were gone from the first 40 items, but there were a number of even older archives added; these 40 items now contain some archives from 2003 to 2013 (inclusive). The order they appear inseemingly has nothing to do with the dates of last changes.

The reason for the touble seems to be, that there is a search filter
 * fulltext=Search+current+discussions+and+archives

However, to search pages for the occurrense of the word current is not at all the optimal way to find the most current pages. (:-)

If someone knows how to implement a search by latest date of change instead, that would be great. Else, that button could preferrably be removed, and perhaps the page WB:Reading room/Archives instead updated a bit, I think. JoergenB (discuss • contribs) 17:40, 21 August 2015 (UTC)

Park Health Master Document Donation
I'm looking to donate this book that I'm outlining

But the evolution of it is running on MS Word, Google Docs, as well as GitBooks PARKHEALTH_MASTERDOCUMENT.docx

Does that violate Wikibooks policies?

Our core value at Park Health is opensource

Rolodexter1 (discuss • contribs) 18:37, 19 September 2021 (UTC)

Is there any audio form of asking questions?
Hello Wikibooks I like interactive question and answer in audio format, please make provision for it. Christmas videos (discuss • contribs) 20:30, 26 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Currently, I don't know of any way to do that. Is the problem that you're trying to ask a question about how Wikibooks functions and you think that audio/video is a better way to ask it than text or is the problem that you want Wikibooks to host audio/video media as part of its content? —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 18:16, 27 March 2022 (UTC)
 * I can think of a way for a question to be asked in an audio file, then have the subject respond with traditional multiple choice, text input, etc. Is that OK? Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 01:11, 31 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:Reading room


text:
Talk:Becchara Palmer

External links modified
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title: Talk:Becchara Palmer


text:
Shall We?

"Shall We?" is a song recorded by South Korean singer and songwriter Chen. It was released as the title track of Chen's second extended play Dear My Dear on October 1, 2019.

Background and release
"Shall We?", produced by Kenzie, is described as a retro pop song that combines a sophisticated mood and romantic melody created by standard classic pop arrangements and lyrics about love.

Music video
On September 27, the first teaser of the "Shall We?" music video was released. On September 29, the second teaser was released. On October 1, at midnight, "Shall We?" music video was officially released.

On October 1–3, "Shall We?" music video behind photos were released. On October 8, a close up cam video of "Shall We?" music video was released.

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from EP's liner notes.

Studio

 * SM Blue Cup Studio – recording, mixing
 * SM LVYIN Studio – recording, digital editing
 * Prelude Studio – recording
 * Seoul Studio – recording
 * SM SSAM Studio – engineered for mix
 * The Mastering Palace – mastering

Personnel

 * SM Entertainment – executive producer
 * Lee Soo-man – producer
 * Yoo Young-jin – music and sound supervisor
 * Chen – vocals, background vocals
 * Kenzie – producer, lyrics, composition, arrangement, vocal directing, background vocals
 * Choi Hoon – bass
 * Hong Jun-ho – guitar
 * Song Young-joo – keyboards
 * Yung – strings
 * Nile Lee – strings arrangement, strings conducting
 * Jung Eui-seok – recording, mixing
 * Lee Ji-hong – recording, digital editing
 * Lee Chang-sun – recording
 * Jeong Ki-hong – recording
 * Choi Da-in – recording assistant
 * Noh Min-ji – engineered for mix
 * Dave Kutch – mastering

title: Shall We?


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nicolas Sadirac

The result was delete. North America1000 03:55, 5 October 2019 (UTC)

Nicolas Sadirac

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

8.Articles whose subjects fail to meet the relevant notability guideline (WP:N, WP:GNG, WP:BIO, WP:MUSIC, WP:CORP, and so forth.

For information : This article has already been removed from Wikipedia fr for this reason. EulerObama (talk) 12:47, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Academics and educators-related deletion discussions. Shellwood (talk) 12:49, 20 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of France-related deletion discussions. Shellwood (talk) 12:49, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, RL0919 (talk) 00:50, 28 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Delete The only noteworthy event was the hacking of the Prime Minister’s website, but that’s not enough on its own for notability. Mccapra (talk) 03:12, 28 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Delete . Notable, no. There are other sources out there but none that support the content of the article. Their medias are also not sufficiently established to be considered RS, even if the claims are accurate. Kudpung กุดผึ้ง (talk) 05:46, 28 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Ilias Valatas

External links modified
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title: Talk:Ilias Valatas


text:
hylki

Noun

 * 1) hull, capsule, casing, sleeve
 * 2)  pod

Etymology
Cf. hylja, from. Also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) container, case

title: hylki


text:
Chemistry/Reduction and oxidation reactions

Reduction is the loss of oxygen atom from a molecule or the gaining of one or more electrons. A reduction reaction is seen from the point of view of the molecule being reduced, as when one molecule gets reduced another gets oxidised. The full reaction is known as a Redox reaction. This is a good way of remembering it.

This can be remembered with the term OIL RIG when speaking about electrons.
 * Oxidation Is Loss of electrons
 * Reduction Is Gain of electrons

In the case of Organic Chemistry it is usually the case of the gaining/loss of Oxygen/Hydrogen

In Inorganic Chemistry the term refers to the change in oxidation state of the metal center.

 * Oxidation is a process where a substance:

 * Loses one or more electrons
 * Gains an oxygen atom or Electronegative atoms
 * Loses a hydrogen atom or Electropositive atoms
 * Gains an increase in its oxidation number
 * Reduction is a process where a substance:

 * Gains one or more electrons
 * Loses an oxygen atom or Electronegative atoms
 * Gains a hydrogen atom or Electropositive atoms
 * Loses an increase in its oxidation number

Introduction
Electrochemistry plays an important part in our everyday lives. It is responsible for the rusting of iron, it allows us to purify many metals or plate common metals with silver or gold, it explains how batteries power iPods (and also how we can recharge the batteries), and is used in countless other technologies.

In order to understand electrochemistry, we must first examine Reduction/Oxidation reactions (also known as REDOX reactions).

Some elements have a higher affinity for electrons than others. When a material comes into contact with a material with a lower electron affinity, it will remove electrons from the other material. The process in which a substance loses an electron in a chemical reaction is called oxidation. The lost electron cannot exist on its own and must be gained by a second substance. The substance that gains the electron is said to be reduced (a simple trick to help remember this is the acronym "LEO (lose electrons - oxidized) went GER (gain electrons - reduced)" Or an alternative way of remembering oxidation and reduction in a substance is to remember "OILRIG"- ( OIL = Oxidation Is Loss of electrons and RIG= Reduction Is Gain of electrons).

Redox and electrochemistry When electrons are lost by one atom, they must be gained by another element. Therefore oxidation and reduction cannot occur alone. If one occurs, the other must occur also. Reactions involving oxidation and reduction are called redox reactions.
 * Oxidation is a combination of elements with oxygen. It's also a reaction of losing electrons and gaining positive charge. The atoms that lost electrons are said to be oxidized. Atoms can be oxidized by nonmetals.
 * Reduction is gain of electrons and thus gaining of negative charge. The atom that acquired electrons is said to be reduced.
 * The oxidation number (step) of an element is a convenient way to keep track of electron transfer. It defines the number of electrons that are lost or gained by an element.

Example
2-When vegetable oil is reduced, we get hydrogenated oil.
 * The metals of group 1 (1A) always have oxidation number +1.
 * The metals of group 2 (2A) always have oxidation number +2.
 * Fluorine always has an oxidation number of -1.
 * The rest of the halogens (Cl, Br, I) usually have oxidation numbers of -1, except in their compounds with fluorine and oxygen, where they will be positive.
 * Oxygen usually has an oxidation number of -2, unless paired with fluorine (where it will be positive).
 * Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 in all its compounds except hydrides of active metals. Its oxidation number in metal hydrides is -1.

Changes in oxidation number
Redox reactions can be recognized, as the change of the oxidation number of some of the atoms. If the oxidation number of an element increases, then the element is oxidized. If it is decreased, then the element is reduced.
 * The oxidation number is in the range between -7 and +7. It shows the number of electrons lost with regards to the neutral atom.
 * The reducing agent is an element or compound that can lose an electron (undergo oxidation).
 * The oxidizing agent is an element or compound that can gain an electron (undergo reduction).

Electrochemistry
Every redox reaction consists of two parts, the oxidation and the reduction. Each one separately is called a half - reaction.
 * During the redox reaction there is a transfer of electrons from the substance being oxidized to the substance being reduced. In a voltaic cell, these reactions happen in separate vessels.
 * The vessels are connected by a salt bridge, which allows ions to move from one solution to another. The salt bridge does NOT transfer electrons. The electrons are transferred through a wire connecting the two vessels. This flow constitutes an electric current. The flow of charge continues due to the migration of the ions through the salt bridge.  The complete system is called an electrochemical cell, or simply a chemical cell. Each vessel in which half reaction takes place is called a half cell.
 * The flow of electrons through the wire is caused by differences in electric potential between the electrodes. This potential, measured in volts, is proportional to the free energy change. The flow of current carries electrical energy, which is used to do work. A voltaic or galvanic cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy to electrical energy.  Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy are called electrolytic cells.Using ecs we can predict which oxidising agent can oxidise other reducing agent excellent approach

Electrode potential
It's not possible to measure the potential of a half reaction by itself. Instead, it is necessary to measure the difference in potentials between two half reactions, when they are paired in a chemical cell. The voltage developed between any given half reaction, is called standard electrode potential ( E 0 ) of a half reaction. the measure of ( E 0 ) made under 1 atm pressure with 1 molar (M) solutions at 25 degrees C.

Oxidation and Redox Potentials
For a half-reaction with a given oxidation potential, its reduction potential will be opposite in sign. The overall potential of a redox reaction is the sum of the reduction and oxidation half-reaction potentials.
 * The potential of a chemical cell is a sum of the potentials of the half reactions.
 * When adding the half-cell potentials, make sure that there is a reduction and an oxidation taking place.
 * The positive electrode is called the cathode, and the negative electrode is called the anode.

Balancing the redox reactions

 * 1) Assign the oxidation numbers to the elements.
 * 2) Write half reactions for the oxidation and reduction.
 * 3) Multiply the half reaction numbers by a number, that will equalize

The number of electrons
The oxidation number in reactants and products must be balanced to zero. After this step we will define which element is oxidized and which element is reduced.


text:
User:NetCommTutor/sandbox

This is a test. Switch between the Visual Editor and the Source Editor by clicking the drop-down menu next to the pencil icon in the top bar.

The Wikipedi Tutorial on Editing will guide you through how to edit a page.Facebook

Whenever you edit a page, it is considered good etiquette (or 'Wikiquette') to provide a brief explanation in the Edit summary box. You should also make sure you click the 'Show Preview' button before saving the page, to ensure you have not made any mistakes in your edit.

title: User:NetCommTutor/sandbox


text:
Talk:Briarcliff Farms/GA1

GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''

Reviewer: Acalycine (talk · contribs) 04:38, 8 February 2015 (UTC)

Awesome, thanks! For my and others' future note, this article became a GA on April 1, 2015; not an April Fool's joke.-- ɱ    (talk  ·  vbm)  00:09, 2 April 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Briarcliff Farms/GA1


text:
Cookbook:Alfalfa Sprouts

| Basic foodstuffs

Alfalfa sprouts are tiny, immature alfalfa plants made by germinating alfalfa seeds.

Characteristics
Alfalfa sprouts are thin, light green, and delicately crunchy. They have a mild and sweet flavor. Nutritionally, they are a good source of vitamin K and chlorophyll.

Cultivation
Alfalfa sprouts are usually germinated and grown directly in their container. This should be—though famously has not always been—a sterile hydroponic environment, so there should be no need to wash the sprouts before using them.

Seasonality
Since seeds can easily be sprouted regardless of season, alfalfa sprouts are available year-round.

Selection and storage
Store alfalfa sprouts in the refrigerator with the lid on so they stay moist but not too wet. Do not place in the "quick chill zone" or leave out on the counter—if sprouts dry out or freeze, they become unpalatable. If the conditions are right, the sprouts may continue to grow during refrigeration, so the container can potentially refill itself as the shoots are used. An orange LED in the refrigerator may help them grow.

Alfalfa sprouts can be used without any further treatment, but they can be agitated in water to remove the seed casings—these can then be discarded.

Use
The sprouts can be added to salads or sandwiches such as a hamburger or taco. They are sometimes used as a replacement for lettuce.

Mixed sprouts have become very common, and alfalfa sprouts are sometimes sold with radish sprouts, garlic sprouts, or onion sprouts. This makes for a much more spicy and pungent mix. When alfalfa sprouts are mixed with broccoli sprouts, a mild-flavored and textured mixture is produced.

title: Cookbook:Alfalfa Sprouts


text:
Arya (actor)

Jamshad Cethirakath (born 11 December 1980), known by his stage name Arya, is an Indian actor and producer who predominantly appears in Tamil cinema and a few Malayalam and Telugu films. Arya has won two Filmfare Awards South and two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards. He was included on the 2015 edition of the Forbes India Celebrity 100, a list based on the top earning Indian celebrities.

Arya made his breakthrough portraying rogue characters in Vishnuvardhan's Arinthum Ariyamalum (2005) and Pattiyal (2006). He later won critical acclaim for playing an Aghori in Bala's Naan Kadavul (2009). He gained further commercial success with the release of the period drama Madrasapattinam (2010), the comedy film Boss Engira Bhaskaran (2010), family action film Vettai (2012) and Atlee's family film Raja Rani (2013).

In 2013, he appeared in three more Tamil films: R. Kannan's comedy film Settai, Vishnuvardhan's action thriller Arrambam and Selvaraghavan's fantasy film Irandam Ulagam. In 2021, he appeared in Pa. Ranjith's sports film Sarpatta Parambarai (2021) as a main lead, which garnered him high critical acclaim.

Early and personal life
Arya was born in Trikaripur, Kerala on 11 December 1980. He did his schooling in SBOA Matriculation and Higher Secondary School, Chennai and then graduated with an engineering degree from Crescent Engineering College in Vandalur, Chennai. His younger brother Sathya has also appeared in Tamil films.

Arya participated in the Vätternrundan Motala cycle race and won a medal. Arya was the prospective bridegroom on the show Enga Veetu Mapillai aired on Colors Tamil searching for a perfect bride from the 16 contestants.

On 14 February 2019, Arya announced his engagement to actress Sayyeshaa, and the two were married on 10 March 2019. The couple have a daughter who was born in July 2021.

2005–2007
While working as an assistant software engineer, Arya was approached by the cinematographer Jeeva to audition for his Ullam Ketkumae in 2003. The pair had lived in the same neighbourhood. Arya signed on for the project and was given the stage name by Jeeva. The film was delayed. Hence, Arya's first appearance was as Kutty, in Vishnuvardhan's Arinthum Ariyamalum. The film featured Arya as the adopted rogue son of a gangster. Critics reported that Arya in a supporting role "walks away with all the applause" and "has everything in him to make the big league". In an interview several years later, Arya also stated, "If people know Arya, it is because of the "Thee pidika" track", a song from the film's soundtrack, crediting and expressing gratitude to its composer Yuvan Shankar Raja. His next release, the delayed Ullam Ketkumae, portraying Arya as a college cricketer, also carried good reviews and was a successful venture at the box office. His third release in 2005, was the campus romance story, Oru Kalluriyin Kathai opposite Sonia Agarwal, took a strong opening but failed to find commercial acceptance. However, after also gaining favourable reviews for his performance, Arya was labelled as the new "pin-up" of Tamil cinema at the time and attracted offers for films.

His next, Igor's thriller Kalabha Kadhalan, where he played an engineer pursued romantically by an aggressive sister-in-law, won favourable reviews from critics but failed commercially. Arya collaborated with Vishnuvardhan again in the successful gangster flick, Pattiyal, where Bharath also played another leading role. The film, was shot across the slums of Chennai and told the story of two ruthless underworld hitmen, with Pooja and Padmapriya also playing major roles. Upon release, the film gained positive reports and the lead pair's performances were praised with a critic claiming that scenes between Arya and Bharath were "touching" while Arya's use of facial expressions and body language "fits exactly for the kind of role he plays". The film consequently became a big box office success and placed Arya as a leading actor in Tamil cinema. Arya subsequently appeared in the action film Vattaram as Burma, but the film's release coincided with bigger budgeted releases and the film was crowded out from box office success, despite gaining favourable reviews. In 2007, Arya played a guest appearance in Cheran's Maya Kannadi as himself before his long-delayed Oram Po, previously known as Auto, released in late 2007. Prior to release the film gained cult status for its innovative trailer, with Arya playing a Chennai-based auto driver who competes in races at nights, while Pooja was his pair again. The film directed by duo Pushkar-Gayathri opened to very positive reviews, with most critics claiming that the film was a "riot" and "entertaining", praising characterisations. Critics from the Hindu labelled Arya as "terrific as the cocky yet lovable Chandru" saying that his "good physique should cement his 'heartthrob' status".

2009–2012
Arya's next release was in 2009, with Bala's long delayed drama film on Aghori's, Naan Kadavul. The film was initially launched with Ajith Kumar in early 2005, but after he dropped out Arya signed on in mid 2006. The three previous films made by Bala were known notoriously for their dark themes, their rogue leads and their long delays in production but also that his two previous protagonists Vikram and Suriya had risen from obscurity to stardom after featuring in his films. As per, the film took three years to complete with Arya growing a full-length beard for the production thus making him unable to sign other projects, while he often cited the intense pressure and the hardships of the shoot. Arya appeared as an Aghori in the film situated in Kasi but is forced to relocate to Tamil Nadu, where he duly encounters an underworld which gains collections through the torture of the handicapped, with Pooja, yet again playing a significant role. The film opened to positive reviews with unanimous praise on Arya's portrayal of Rudran, with a critic from Sify citing "Arya pumps life and blood and gets under the skin of Rudran, making his animal like character so convincing" while adding that "he has delivered a performance that is hard to forget even days after you've watched the film". Though he was highly expected to win several awards for the portrayal, he failed but garnered two nominations from notable award committees. After a guest role in Rajesh's Siva Manasula Sakthi, he then collaborated with Vishnuvardhan for the third time in his romantic-thriller, Sarvam, an anthology film also featuring Trisha Krishnan, J. D. Chakravarthy, Rohan Shiva and Indrajith. Arya played a carefree young architect who falls in love and pursues Trisha, before another thread in the film interlocks with his portions and changes his situation. The film however only went to gain average reviews from critics, and eventually became a surprise failure at the box office.

2010 became a career-defining year for Arya, with the widespread success of his films establishing him as a leading actor in South Indian films. His first release was his debut in Telugu films, where he played the antagonist in Varudu co-starring Allu Arjun. Despite opening to positive reviews, the film failed to match expectations at the box office, although Arya's performance was praised by critics, claiming that "powerful, menacing, quiet yet indomitably spirited" in his role while another reviewer claimed he outshone Allu Arjun. His next venture was the period film Madrasapattinam depicting a love story from the 1940s, co-starring newcomer Amy Jackson and directed by A. L. Vijay. The big budget film progressed with its schedules with little publicity for a year, with Arya portraying the role of Ilamparithi, a dhobi situated in a community of Washermanpet who falls in love with the daughter of a governor. The film gained mostly positive reviews from critics and became successful at the box office, although most reviewers agreed his performance was outshone by Jackson's. While a critic cited that Arya "looks stone-faced no matter what the situation", another cited the performance was "awe-inspiring". He then appeared in Rajesh's comedy film Boss Engira Bhaskaran, which Arya's production house, The Show People, also co-produced. The film portrayed Arya as a spoiled, carefree Kumbakonam youth and his comic timing in the film alongside Nayantara and Santhanam received positive responses from critics. Furthermore, the film went on to become his first blockbuster, running for over hundred days in multiplexes. His final release in 2010 was in a dual role in the romantic travelogue film, Chikku Bukku by Manikandan, featuring Shriya Saran and Preetika. The film, shot extensively in London and Karaikudi, received a mixed response and fared averagely at the box office, with Arya's performance being described by critics as from "watchable and dependable" to "morose and silent".

In 2010 Arya made a speech at an awards function in Dubai, organised by a Malayalam television channel. The Film Employees Federation of South India (FESFI) president V. C. Guhanathan, without directly referring to Arya by name, accused him of having "belittled the Tamil film industry". The South Indian Film Artistes Association (SIFAA), however, supported Arya, condemning Guhanathan "for making irresponsible and false statements" about an actor who "strives for the welfare of Tamil film industry." Arya eventually clarified in a letter, that he had "never made derogatory statements about the Tamil film industry", which was his "bread and butter", further quoting: "I can never forget such a support extended by my fans. If I had hurt anyone's feelings, I am really sorry about that."

Arya's first release in 2011 was a minor role in Santhosh Sivan's Malayalam historical-fantasy film Urumi, where he played two characters. The film which also featured Prithviraj, Genelia D'Souza and Nithya Menen, won positive reviews with reviewers from Sify.com labelling it a "miniature masterpiece of moods". In March 2011, he was signed by director Mani Ratnam to essay the role of Arulmozhi Varman in his epic film Ponniyin Selvan, based on the same-titled novel by writer Kalki Krishnamurthy, which however did not materialize. Arya then appeared in his second film with Bala in Avan Ivan, where he portrayed the lead role of Kumbedran Sami alongside Vishal. The film opened to mixed reviews but the performance of the lead actors won acclaim with the critic from The Hindu citing that "Arya is a perfect foil for Vishal — his brash demeanour and genuine affection for his stepbrother come out well in many of the scenes" and that "he deserves appreciation for taking up a role that isn't as heroic as Vishal's and presenting it convincingly". Arya next appeared in Linguswamy's Vettai, an action entertainer featuring an ensemble cast of Madhavan, Amala Paul and Sameera Reddy. The film opened to positive reviews in January 2012 and went on to become a commercial success, with critics praising Arya's performance in the film as a rogue youngster who defends his timid police officer brother. He went on to appear in the promotional song for Kazhugu alongside several other actors and then played a cameo role in the climax of Rajesh's Oru Kal Oru Kannadi of a village chieftain.

2013-present
In 2013 he was seen in four Tamil films. He first appeared alongside Santhanam and Premji in R. Kannan's comedy film Settai, a remake of the 2011 Hindi film Delhi Belly. The film opened to mixed reviews and average collections, with a critic noting Arya looks "wooden, tired and disinterested". He had three more releases in the latter half of the year, Atlee's romantic comedy Raja Rani that had him acting amongst an ensemble cast of Nayantara, Jai and Nazriya Nazim, Vishnuvardhan's action thriller Arrambam which featured him alongside Ajith Kumar, Nayantara and Thapsee Pannu and Selvaraghavan's magnum opus fantasy film Irandam Ulagam with Anushka Shetty. He had worked out to build a huge frame and six-pack abs to fit the muscular lead role in Irandam Ulagam. Raja Rani and Arrambam were highly successful at the box office.

He also acted in UTV Motion Pictures' Purampokku to be directed by S. P. Jananathan and the thriller Meagamann directed by Magizh Thirumeni. He will also be working with Rajesh in a romantic comedy which will be produced by his home production house The Show People. He will have guest appearances in three forthcoming films: Madha Gaja Raja, Parimala Thiraiyarangam and Kadhal 2 Kalyanam, which features his brother, Sathya in the lead role. In September 2014, he was named as the replacement for Fahadh Faasil in Lijo Jose Pellissery's Double Barrel.

In 2018, Arya made his Kannada-language debut in the comedy film Rajaratha and he also appeared in the film Ghajinikanth, a Tamil remake of the Telugu film Bhale Bhale Magadivoy. His next films were Pathinettam Padi, Magamuni and Kaappaan released in 2019.

He produces films under his production company, The Show People and is a partner in the Trivandrum-based Malayalam production company August Cinema.

Other works
In 2010, Arya ventured into film production in order to promote new talents and help funding small budget films. He established the banner The Show People and first produced the comedy film Boss Engira Bhaskaran he himself starred in, following which he produced Suka's Padithurai, which remains unreleased. He also ventured into film distribution in 2013, as he bought the FMS (Singapore and Malaysia) theatrical rights of his own film Irandaam Ulagam.

Arya is the ambassador of television and print marketing campaigns of Otto, the flagship brand of Pothys clothing.
 * Arya started a production company called The Show People, and has produced a number of films.

As actor

 * Note: all films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.

As producer

 * Arya started a production company called The Show People, and has produced a number of films.

title: Arya (actor)


text:
An Evening River Landscape with a Ferry

An Evening River Landscape with a Ferry (other title: River Landscape) is a 1643 painting by the Dutch painter Jan van Goyen. The painting was bought in 1890 in Paris by Wilhelm von Bode. It is now in the Musée des Beaux-Arts of Strasbourg, France. Its inventory number is 221.

Not without pride, the 2009 catalogue of the Flemish and Dutch paintings of the Musée des Beaux-Arts calls Van Goyen's painting "indisputably one of the most beautiful landscape paintings of the Dutch school" (sans conteste l′un des plus beaux paysages de la peinture hollandaise).

title: An Evening River Landscape with a Ferry


text:
Wikiversity talk:School of Computer Science/IntroProgramingC

I don't like the pointer to here from Wikibooks, when they haven't even imported the old class stuff yet. Come on guys, have a plan. Port the info over here and then post the link to it. How long has Wikiversity been up? a year? Still hardly anything has been ported over and at Wikibooks the class material wasn't finished yet either. I got to the end of the written class material for Intro to C class and have no where to go. Class isn't finished being written and this place is a ghost town.


text:
Leucobrotula adipata

Leucobrotula adipata is a species of false brotula found in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. This species grows to a length of 4.5 cm NG. This species is the only known member of its genus.

title: Leucobrotula adipata


text:
Iowa–Penn State wrestling rivalry

The Iowa–Penn State wrestling rivalry is an American collegiate wrestling rivalry between the Iowa Hawkeyes and the Penn State Nittany Lions. The two programs are some of the most successful in the history of NCAA Division I wrestling. The Hawkeyes and Nittany Lions have the second- and third-most team national championships, with 24 and 11 respectively, only trailing Oklahoma State's 34 titles. The series ascended to the national stage in the past decade with Penn State's rise to the top of the wrestling world, as they won 8 of 10 team titles during the 2010s. Fellow Big Ten schools Iowa and Ohio State were the only other teams to win during the 2010s.

The rivalry began in 1982 and has been wrestled annually. It was amplified when Penn State joined the Big Ten Conference in 1993. It has been described as "the nation’s fiercest wrestling rivalry", and has resulted in sold out venues due to the popularity of dual meets. While the Hawkeyes dominated the early stages of the rivalry, the Nittany Lions have returned the favor by taking 7 of the last 10 matchups. Since 2008, the rivalry has consistently been a Top 10 matchup. The 2020 contest between #1 Iowa and #2 Penn State became the most-watched wrestling telecast in the history of the Big Ten Network, drawing 342,955 viewers. The Hawkeyes prevailed over the Nittany Lions by a score of 19 to 17 in the most highly anticipated contest in the rivalry's history. The 1988 contest would be the first and only loss for Iowa at home during the Dan Gable Era. As of late, Penn State has dominated the series, winning 7 out of the last 10 dual meets, including the past 3 straight.

Match Results
The following is a complete list of match results, through the 2023-24 season.

title: Iowa–Penn State wrestling rivalry


text:
marmelade

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) jam, conserve, preserve

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) marmalade

Etymology
, from or, from.

Noun

 * 1) marmalade

Etymology
From, from , from , from or , from.

title: marmelade


text:
ESN Vrilissia

ESN Vrilissia or ESN Vrilission (ΕΣΝ Βριλισσίων) is a Handball club that based in Vrilissia in the regional unit of North Athens, Attica. The full name of club is Ekpolitistikos Syllogos Neon Vrilission (Εκπολιτιστικός Σύλλογος Νέων Βριλισσίων) that means Cultural Youth Association Vrilissia. The club was founded in 1979 and has won one Greek Championship and two Cups. In September 2011 the group was withdrawn by the first division championship (A1 Ethniki) because of financial difficulties. In current season the club plays in A2 Ethniki (second division).

Honours and achievements

 * Greek Championship
 * Winner (1): 1996
 * Greek Cup
 * Winner (2): 1996, 2011

title: ESN Vrilissia


text:
User:Jackie meyer5

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York_Community_High_School

Arts York Community High School's music program is composed of a full orchestra, three individual orchestras, three full bands, and three concert choirs. Students have the opportunity to join music groups such as jazz band, acapella singing groups, and percussion ensembles. Musicians compete annually in the Illinois Music Educators Association (ILMEA) competition and students are chosen to go first to a District level concert, and if chosen they can also continue to go to ILMEA State, held in Peoria, Illinois. York also has a theater department that puts on three productions a year. The drama department went to the Illinois High School Musical Theater Awards (IHSMTA) in 2017 for their production of West Side Story and received the award of Best Production in the state. York offers a variety of art programs. The dance programs at York vary and is made up mainly of the Advanced Dance Class and the York Dance Company. Many clubs surround art as well, through painting, photography, drawing, or other forms of art.

title: User:Jackie meyer5


text:
Cookbook:Cuisine of Vietnam

| South-East Asian cuisines

These recipes are considered to be a part of the culinary tradition of Vietnam:

 * Phở – rice noodle soup
 * Phở gà – with chicken
 * Phở bò – with beef
 * Bún măng – rice noodle soup with bamboo shoots
 * Ca kho to – catfish in clay pot
 * Canh chua cá – sour fish soup
 * Bánh mì – colorful Saigon sandwich on French bread
 * Bánh Xèo – crêpe-like pancake
 * Nem – fried spring rolls
 * Nước mắm pha - Fish Sauce
 * Gỏi Cuốn – summer rolls
 * Bún bò Huế – spicy beef soup
 * Mực nhồi thịt – stuffed squid in clay pot
 * Com chien – fried rice

Vietnamese cuisine (cuisine translates to ẩm thực in Vietnamese: ẩm: drink and thực: food) is known for its common use of fish sauce, soy sauce and hoisin sauce. Vietnamese recipes use many vegetables, herbs and spices, including lemon grass, lime, and kaffir lime leaves. Throughout all regions the emphasis is always on serving fresh vegetables and/or fresh herbs as side dishes along with dipping sauce. The Vietnamese also have a number of Buddhist vegetarian dishes. The most common meats used in Vietnamese cuisine are pork, beef, prawns, various kinds of tropical fish, and chicken. Duck and goat/lamb are used much less widely.

title: Cookbook:Cuisine of Vietnam


text:
Jean Paelinck (administrator)

Jean Paelinck (1906–1961) was a Belgian colonial administrator. In the Belgian Congo he was appointed governor of Kasaï Province in 1955, then Katanga Province in 1956.

Early years
Jean Henri Paelinck was born in Hasselt in 1906. His parents were Henri Paelinck, an accountant, and Irène Dumoulin, a seamstress. He was the first child and only boy, but had three sisters. He studied at the Royal Athenaeum and then at the Koloniale Hogeschool in Antwerp, graduating in 1928. He married Elvira Alexina Coopman on 30 July 1928.

Colonial career
Paelinck left for the Congo in September 1928. He moved through the ranks. In 1949 he was appointed district commissioner of Lusambo. In 1950 he was transferred to Kabinda District. He was made provincial secretary in Lusambo and Jadotstad in 1951, and in Elisabethville in 1953. In 1954 Paelinck was appointed provincial commissioner in Elisabethville.

Paelinck succeeded Roger Le Bussy as governor of Kasaï Province on 20 April 1955. He left office on 27 September 1955, and was succeeded by Antoine Lamborelle. In January 1956 he succeeded René Wauthion as governor of Katanga Province. He held office until September 1958, when he was succeeded by André Schöller.

Last years
Paelinck returned to Belgium in 1958. He settled in Brussels, where he died in 1961.

title: Jean Paelinck (administrator)


text:
User:Vr balaji Offl

VR Balaji is an Indian film actor and whose main works are in Tamil cinema. Beginning his career as a comedian on television.

title: User:Vr balaji Offl


text:
Eudendrium speciosum

Eudendrium speciosum is a marine species of cnidaria, a hydroid (Hydrozoa) in the family Eudendriidae.

title: Eudendrium speciosum


text:
George David (disambiguation)

George David (born 1942) is the former head of United Technologies Corporation.

George David may also refer to:
 * George A. David (born 1937) Greek Cypriot Coca-Cola executive

title: George David (disambiguation)


text:
Wiktionary:Requested entries (Lithuanian)

Non-letter

 * Wiktionary:About entries:Lithuanian

A
atranka - in Eurovision

B

 * -- sandals?
 * -- last name
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- fermented mash in brewing?
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- → ?
 * , - both mentioned in 🇨🇬
 * , - both mentioned in 🇨🇬
 * , - both mentioned in 🇨🇬
 * , - both mentioned in 🇨🇬

D

 * ? -- Installing/
 * -- sacred cow
 * , singular . Also variants like, etc. From English DP = displaced person. Lithuanian-American dialect. Second wave immigrants to America, fleeing Soviet occupation. Contrasted with grynoriai, tarybukai.
 * -- to dare
 * , - see Druskininkai

E

 * -- small lake
 * -- boundary-strip

F

 * -- faculty?

G

 * -- to scrape
 * -- to gnaw
 * -- to rake
 * , singular, and possibly rare (see comment)(Lithuanian-American dialect). From English greenhorn. First wave immigrants to America (1868–1940), primarily for economic reasons. Contrasted with dypukai, tarybukai.
 * -- knot?
 * -- puff?
 * - related to
 * - see 🇨🇬
 * - see 🇨🇬

H

 * -- hacker?

I

 * -- that
 * -- foundation (genitive singular)
 * -- to enter something (e.g. data)?
 * -- entrance?
 * - ending in uogienė

J

 * -- steers? or cattle
 * -- to join (together)

K

 * ??? - hill? cognate with Serbo-Croatian чука/čuka, Bulgarian чука/чукар, Gothic, German
 * -- mildly derisive name an older sibling would call their younger to tease: no english translation, nagis sounds like a form of nagas meaning fingernail, passed down verbally
 * Isn't this an assimilated version of <  + ?
 * -- piffle?
 * -- invitation?
 * -- invitation?

L

 * -- visited?
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- bay?
 * - this is an inflected form but I don't think we have the citation form either
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- to climb
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- ?
 * - bark

M

 * -- capital of Lithuanian district?
 * -- face?
 * -- annual?
 * -- mead. Is this a borrowing from another language, or is it a native word? Lithuanian also has from the same PIE root. Latvian uses "medus" for both, and Proto-Slavic has the same word for both also: *medъ
 * -- yeast?
 * -- First name
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- ?
 * -- moujik?
 * -- moujik?

N

 * ,, : moonshine, illicit alcohol
 * -- small house
 * -- used? secondhand?
 * -- Vacation town in Curonian peninsula
 * -- itching?
 * -- offender? or criminal

O

 * -- oval?
 * -- ?m.b. ošti?

P

 * -- rise? or a promotion (e.g. by a royal decree)
 * -- knock? -- Prince Kassad 17:10, 26 January 2010 (UTC)
 * -- mention?
 * -- entertainment? used as such: "Z. Graiczunas, Pasilinksminimams darzas. Vynas. Sznapsas. Wines and Liquors. Union Headquarters" found in , page 1.
 * -- to walk or take a leisurely stroll
 * -- hell
 * -- to ask or beg
 * -- ruin, destruction, perdition
 * -- suburbs?
 * -- to force, to compel --Eryk Kij (talk) 15:43, 17 November 2015 (UTC)
 * -- prospect or a two lane city street with trees/grass/light posts in between
 * -- to program (a computer)
 * - mentioned in Finnish
 * - mentioned in Proto-Finnic
 * - bean
 * - bean
 * - bean
 * - bean

R

 * (needs Lithuanian) -- roll?
 * -- rolling?
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- rock?
 * - orthographic
 * - Romanization

S

 * : moonshine, illicit alcohol (from Russian самогон); may be shortened to, in allusion to , as it may be brewed secretly in the woods. Moonshine called (after the common name) is made from triticale grain in Dzūkija.
 * (needs Lithuanian)
 * -- to sink
 * -- to follow
 * -- sister, sis?
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- sphere
 * -- to cleave, split
 * ??? (skirtuose, form of skirtas?) -- for?
 * A participle from of skirti
 * -- leaflet?
 * -- flight?
 * -- Slovak
 * -- rectangle
 * -- rectangular
 * (needs Lithuanian) -- path
 * -- importance
 * - "winged adage", "popular saying", "meme", etc. possible calque of Russian крылатое выражение.
 * - a dessert
 * - see 🇨🇬
 * and - see Proto-Slavic
 * - see Proto-Germanic
 * - see Proto-Germanic
 * - see Proto-Germanic

Š

 * -- alongside?
 * -- shade, shadow
 * -- slope (e.g. of a river)

T

 * , singular . Lithuanian-American dialect. Third wave immigrants to America, who came after the Iron Curtain fell. Contrasted with grynoriai, dypukai.

V

 * -- race? or competition
 * - A river, origin of the capital Vilnius?
 * -- belonging to an omnipotent (genitive singular form of the term )
 * or ?

Ž

 * -- to say
 * - a dessert known as "angel wings" in English, literally "little sticks"?

de:Wiktionary:Litauisch/Wunschliste lt:Sąrašas:Reikalingi žodžiai/Lietuvių


text:
Cookbook:Rice and Turnip Minestrone

| Cuisine of Italy | Soups

Ingredients

 * 3 turnips, sliced
 * Salt
 * Butter
 * ¼ cup gravy
 * 8 ounces crushed tomatoes
 * 4 cups chicken, beef, or vegetable stock, brought to a boil
 * ⅓ cup white rice, washed

Procedure

 * 1) Arrange the turnip slices on a rack over a cookie sheet. Sprinkle with salt, cover them with a dish, and let them stand for about 2 hours until the water has run out of them.
 * 2) Put the slices in a frying pan, and fry them slightly in butter until softened.
 * 3) Add the gravy and tomatoes. Cook for a few minutes, then pour it into the boiling stock.
 * 4) Boil for 30 minutes. Serve hot.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * Minestra loses its flavour if it is boiled too long. In Lombardy, however, rice, macaroni, etc., are rarely boiled enough for English tastes.

title: Cookbook:Rice and Turnip Minestrone


text:
Fernando D'Amico

Fernando D'Amico (born 10 February 1975) is an Argentine retired footballer.

Personal life
He is the twin brother of Patricio D'Amico.

title: Fernando D'Amico


text:
Fire and emergency management/Fire Officer I/Administration

4,4,1 Termial Objects Department implementation of a new or changes to a existing policy.Policy must be at the unit level. Recommend changes must be reveiwed and communicated so when implemented it is understood.

Enabling Objectives
 * Policies must be communicated and written so they are understood.
 * Improvements and or new policies are at unit level

4.4.2 Termial Objectives Given the forms and record-management system.Unit level administrative must execute functions to complete forms and logs. All forms and logs must be maintained in accordance with policies and procedures

Enabling Objectives
 * Must understand proper recond management
 * Must understand all department policies and procedures in referrence to logs and forms
 * Must be able to fill out all forms and logs

4.4.3 Termial Objectives Given the need for a budget. The proper budget forms must be summited. ALso they need the proper data and request forms.

Enabling Objects
 * Must understand the budget process.
 * Must understand the policies and procedures in regard to the budget
 * Must reveiw and understand budget forms and request and also data


text:
Talk:Deborah Lipstadt

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Deborah Lipstadt. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130706010413/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1170359797134&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/Printer to http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1170359797134&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FPrinter
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070607062200/http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/voices/transcript/index.php?content=20070315 to http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/voices/transcript/index.php?content=20070315

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:05, 7 September 2017 (UTC)

Evaluating commentary
The text now under contains multiple statements that appear to be users' own interpretation or evaluation of Lipstadt's remarks, such as  Which independent, published sources directly support these characterizations? Note also that interviews and contemporary or breaking-news reports are normally considered primary sources, whereas Wikipedia articles, and especially BLPs, should be based largely on reliable, secondary sources. —Sangdeboeuf (talk) 01:36, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Many of the cited pieces are secondary. Which stmts specifically are you challenging as unsupported by sources?Icewhiz (talk) 01:43, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Some of the above terms are paraphrased from sources; I've struck those. However, I'm not seeing any independent, published sources directly stating that Lipstadt's remarks on Ernst Nolte were "along the same lines" as anything, or that her remarks on Trump constituted "returning" to any "theme", or evaluating her commentary on the Gaza/genocide issue at all. Furthermore, I've already provided a link to the Wiki project page that describes contemporary news reports as primary sources. —Sangdeboeuf (talk) 02:06, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * I agree some of those look out of place. When we are close to events, contemporary news reporting is not primary - it becomes primary as we become more distant. Some of the items in the current commentary section do have secondary coverage extending well past initial coverage - e.g. her comments on soft core denial (both in relation to Trump and in relation left wing UK politics) have been covered extensively (and in the case of the UK - for well over a decade). That being said - the connecting phrase of "returned to the theme" - seems like possible OR.Icewhiz (talk) 02:18, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * [C]ontemporary news reporting is not primary - it becomes primary as we become more distant – please cite any published expert or piece of Wikipedia guidance suggesting that sources somehow magically go from being secondary to primary ones. —Sangdeboeuf (talk) 08:39, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * See WP:PRIMARYNEWS. It's a blurry line - but generally - almost any news reporting from 1901 would be PRIMARY (for views in the period) now, whereas back in 1902 some 1901 news reporting may be SECONDARY (depending if it is a factual account of events - or an analysis of events). Icewhiz (talk) 15:07, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Interviews, which are the source of the entire "Commentary" section, are always primary, by policy. Do Control+F primary on WP:PRIMARYNEWS. Not only are they always primary, they are non-independent. That's why BLPs should avoid interviews and stick to independent reporting/analysis/perspective. Softlavender (talk) 18:15, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * If we're nixing the cherry-picked quotes, most if not all from interviews, I don't think this section can be salvaged. Probably best to delete the section entirely. If coverage warrants it, neutral independent third-party reviews of her or her work can be summarized or quoted, in a newly created section titled something like "Influence", or in a "Career" section. Softlavender (talk) 01:44, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Exactly. I think the key is to focus on high-level sources and to avoid obsessively documenting every newsworthy sound bite. —Sangdeboeuf (talk) 02:15, 10 December 2018 (UTC)
 * I think the sound bites, in addition to violating WP:NOTNEWS, are also inherently misleading, as they are very short or shortish snippets of longer thoughts, statements, and interviews. Plus they are randomly cherry-picked out of who knows how many statements, either public or to the press, and interviews, she has made and done. Softlavender (talk) 02:19, 10 December 2018 (UTC)

Career section needs expansion
The Career section is currently one sentence and needs expansion. Here are some basic sources:, ,. -- Softlavender (talk) 02:16, 10 December 2018 (UTC)

Selection of works
On the 16th of november I added the innocent word „a selection" to the then called section works, knowing that Lipstadt wrote many more books than the mentioned four. She also wrote many articles in journals. The user softlavender reverted my edit at once and made an editwar in this cause.,, . He claimed that Lipstadt did not write more than four books. I gave up my attempt to improve the biography of in this minor matter. Today I found the replacement of bibliography with the word books through another author, which I appreciate in principle, because a deficient list of books is no bibliography. Today I added my words „a selection". But we have the problem, that all journal articles are missing. Could we get back to to the designation „works (a selection)" It is quite difficult to add only two simple words to your wikipedia for a foreigner and - in the field of history - quite expierienced user. --Orik (talk) 16:43, 3 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Parentheses should not be used in headings. There is no evidence or indication she wrote more than five books. Softlavender (talk) 21:42, 3 January 2019 (UTC)

 * 1) I asked you, Softlavender, in November 2018, which regulation you would cite for your thesis. You did not answer. That „parentheses should not be used in headers" seems to be an invention of you. I found, that parentheses in headers in lists of literature are quite often used in Wikipedia.
 * 2) Today you stated that Lipstadt wrote not more than 5 books. I found on world cat, that Lipstadt wrote at least 15 books and many essays in journals, she has about 229 entries. You reverted my edit about 4 times.
 * 3) You reverted also edits from another person, which supported my opinion.
 * 4) Why do you not wait until you read the answer of the begun talk today.
 * 5) Your edit behavior seems to me not suit to the regulations of wikipedia.
 * 6) I would appreciate opinions of other users to this matter. Additionally I request you to undo immediately your edit from today, until the matter is solved. If not, I will go to 3O. Orik (talk) 22:52, 3 January 2019 (UTC)
 * I agree with Softlavender. There, now you can't go to 3O.Look,  (1) you have less than 500 edits on en.wiki, Saoftlavender has oodles and oodles of them - who do you think might be better conversant with the way things are done here? (2) you're being unnecessarily combatative about a very minor issue. Beyond My Ken (talk) 00:21, 4 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Are there arguments regarding to content? (1) My request to cite the regulation that headings should not wear parentheses was not answered - also from you. If you are not able to answer them, you should not edit here. I found the expression in many biographies. Here only a selection: , , , . One can also write selection without parentheses , (2)In „world cat" I find many more books than the claimed five. It is a bit difficult to enumerate them because there are also editions in other languages. But I would size up them to 15-20. (3) You seem to have no personal arguments using the Metadata of wiki against me. Clearly a writer who has tenthousands of edits, must be always right. (4) I am not a wikipediawriter with 500 edits. I edited a lot since eleven years in the german wikipedia. You are right in one point, that this is a minor issue. But not very. It is misleading, if Softlavender writes bibliography and cites there only 4 books of really 400 books and articles in journals. I had stopped discussing the thing in November, until I realized that one author, who supported my view, was also reverted from Softlavender. Substantial arguments, please. --Orik (talk) 20:19, 7 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Lipstadt has only written five books. If you believe she has written more than five, please list additional titles here in this talkpage. Softlavender (talk) 21:25, 7 January 2019 (UTC)
 * That would appear to be a false assertion - please do not make such assertions on WP:BLPs without sources. A trivial Amazon search comes up with:
 * Antisemitism: Here and Now Hardcover – January 29, 2019
 * History on Trial: My Day in Court with a Holocaust Denier Paperback – April 4, 2006
 * The Eichmann Trial (Jewish Encounters Series) Hardcover – March 15, 2011
 * Holocaust: An American Understanding (Key Words in Jewish Studies) Paperback – July 21, 2016
 * Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory Paperback – July 1, 1994
 * Denial [Movie Tie-in]: Holocaust History on Trial Kindle Edition
 * Beyond Belief: The American Press And The Coming Of The Holocaust, 1933- 1945 Paperback – February 8, 1993
 * Der neue Antisemitismus (German Edition) Kindle Edition
 * More than 5. Icewhiz (talk) 07:31, 8 January 2019 (UTC)
 * # 1 hasn't been published yet, which is why I neither counted it nor added it to the article. #6 is a merely a reprint of History on Trial: My Day in Court with a Holocaust Denier (with a new title to match the title of the movie based on it, and cover featuring the movie's stars, and a different introduction -- by the movie screenwriter instead of by Anthony Lewis); so that's not an additional book. #8 is a translation of Antisemitism Here and Now, translated by Stephan Pauli; so that's not an additional book. Also, The Zionist Career of Louis Lipsky, 1900-1921, which you just added to the article, is her doctoral dissertation at Brandeis, written in 1976 and later published in 1982; it's held in very few libraries and for most of those it's held offsite rather than in the stacks. Softlavender (talk) 08:42, 8 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Deborah Lipstadt has much more publications than the now cited books in the article. There are many articles in magazines and handbooks. You, @ softlavender, seem to see your main objektive in prohibiting and antagonize new edits, which do not suit to your personal opinion. An example is the way of your questioning the edit of user:Icewhiz, claiming that the 1982 printed book of Lipstadt is not a book. I do not see any improvement of the the article D. Lipstadt through you. In November 2018 you argued in the edit-comment, that a bibliography of Lipstadt would contain not more than four books.. But you seem not to know what a list of publications of a scientist means. A bibliography of an historian contains his lonely written books, his books edited with others, books in which he is the editor, the contributions to handbooks, the contributions to other books, and the contributions to magazines. If we don't cite all, we have to indicate the choice with a word. I chose selection, which you multiply deleted. In my opinion you are you one of the authors on wikipedia, who prohibit improvements of articles citing no existing rules, in hiding personal points of view - aka POV. Sorry for my bad english. Orik (talk) 10:52, 19 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Orik - if you could point out significant journal articles and book chapters, etc - we could add them.Icewhiz (talk) 12:04, 19 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Orik, you understand what the word "book" means, right? We've listed all of her books, so there is no reason to add any words to the section title. Softlavender (talk) 20:00, 19 January 2019 (UTC)

Conflicts of Interest
I don't get how and why she is treated as some authority on "the Holocaust" given her multiple conflicts of interest in the matter. Could somebody explain why this isn't thoroughly reflected in the article? --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:20, 9 April 2021 (UTC)

 * Which conflicts of interest are those? Being Jewish? Being the daughter of a German immigrant? Being a historian? Being human? Not liking mass murderers in general? --Hob Gadling (talk) 10:08, 10 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Someone has inserted the phrase "an lying Jew" in the opening of the article on Ms. Lipstadt. This has to be removed. 2603:6011:A046:9600:980C:71C7:59E3:6A4C (talk) 18:36, 8 May 2023 (UTC)

 * It takes some pretzel logic to turn her expertise in a subject into a conflict of interest in that same subject. I think IP <IP_ADDRESS> has managed to destroy the very concept of expertise and specialized knowledge. I supposed we should close the universities now. Or, maybe IP <IP_ADDRESS> could expand on their comment, perhaps explaining how anyone could have a conflict of interest in Holocaust scholarship.  freshacconci  (✉) 14:19, 10 April 2021 (UTC)c

Source: recent JewishCurrents article.
A recent (April 2022) article containing much material not already in the current WP article, including detail on Lipstadt beliefs about antisemitism and how they evolved: JewishCurrents - Mari Cohen - Deborah Lipstadt vs. “The Oldest Hatred”, 28 April 2022: In her new role as antisemitism envoy, Deborah Lipstadt will attempt to fight a scourge of antisemitism that she seems to regard as incurable.      ←   ZScarpia  11:16, 14 May 2022 (UTC)

Pronunciation of her last name
Anyone able to tell me clearly how her last name is pronounced? Iljhgtn (talk) 19:43, 6 August 2023 (UTC)

Infobox photo
The current infobox photo is extremely hard on the eyes due to her outfit clashing with this background; it's basically creating an optical illusion, and it is quite straining to look at. Perhaps an image like or  would be preferable? Curbon7 (talk) 08:54, 24 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Deborah Lipstadt


text:
User:Shnthraju/sandbox

wikipidia account creation is also one of the new way of account as like gmail and have some storage it help to store our own and creat a new things thanking you

title: User:Shnthraju/sandbox


text:
Category:Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula

Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula (206-19 BC), a process by which the Roman Republic seized territories in the Iberian Peninsula that were previously under the control of native Celtiberian tribes and the Carthaginian Empire.


text:
Half Acre, New Jersey

Half Acre is an unincorporated community located within Monroe Township in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The settlement is located roughly at the intersection of Prospect Plains Road (County Route 614) and Half Acre Road (CR 615) in the center of the township. Some single-family homes and small businesses are located along those two roads and Cranbury-Half Acre Road but most of the area is made up of age-restricted housing developments including Concordia, Clearbrook Park, Greenbriar at Whittingham, and Encore at Monroe.

title: Half Acre, New Jersey