text:
Welding

Please see Directions for use for more information.

Learning Project Summary

 * Project code:
 * Suggested Prerequisites: Basic understanding of metal and electricity (but not required)
 * Time investment: approximately 275 working hours.
 * Assessment suggestions: Apprentice or Journeyman inspection.
 * Portal:
 * School:
 * Department: Technology
 * Stream
 * Level: One
 * Level: One

Content summary
The Welding Learning Project exists to provide a program of study and a network of feedback and support for beginning welders.

Goals
By the time this project reaches maturity, it should:

 * describe the various processes of modern welding
 * relate essential metallurgical and technical concepts
 * prepare students to work safely in a metal shop
 * provide a course of self-study exercises that develop essential skills, harbor methodical understanding, and train ones muscles for the demanding task of joining metal
 * present comprehensive photographic and textual weld analysis tools for the independent learner
 * foster a community of mutually-supportive learners

Skills to learn include

 * Job Safety
 * Oxy-Fuel Welding & Cutting
 * SMAW (Stick Welding)
 * GMAW (Mig Welding)
 * GTAW (Tig Welding)
 * Basic Blueprint Reading
 * Basic Metallurgy

Concerning Safety
It is essential that Shop Safety be the first topic to be developed in this course. Welding involves bare electricity, molten metal and explosive gasses, so before any projects are attempted, the student should thoroughly understand how to interact with these elements with minimal risk.

Also, a disclaimer should be prepared and posted.

This site contains a good introduction to welding safety, including links to OSHA publications.

Learning materials
The Internet teems with welding-related resources, and one purpose of this Learning Project is to pool them together into a useful, indexed directory.

Process Guides

 * Oxyacetylene Welding: Basic Fundamentals by Ronald J. Baird.
 * Arc Welding: Basic Funamentals by John R. Walker
 * Flux Cored Arc Welding Handbook by William H. Minnick
 * Gas Metal Arc Welding Handbook by William H. Minnick
 * Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Handbook by William H. Minnick

Blueprint Reading

 * Blueprint Reading for Welders (7th Ed.) by A.E. Bennett & Louis J. Siy

Metallurgy

 * Metallurgy Fundamentals by Daniel A. Brandt & J.C. Warner
 * A basic text for beginning welders that deals almost exclusively with ferrous metallurgy.
 * Welding Metallurgy by Sindo Kou
 * An advanced text for experienced welders, or those students who have previously studied chemistry and physics.

Comprehensive Texts

 * Welding Skills and Practices by Joseph W. Giachino & William Weeks
 * NOTE: This title is several decades out of print, but remains well worth reading for its clear and coherent discussion of both welding theory and practicalities.

Applications
The fabricated metals products compiles another group including manufacturers of pressure vessels, heat exchangers, tanks, sheet metal, prefabricated metal buildings and architectural and ornamental work. Transportation is divided into two major groups: manufacturers of transportation equipment except motor vehicles; and motor vehicles and equipment. The first includes shipbuilding, aircraft, spacecraft, and railroads. The second includes automobiles, trucks, buses, trailers, and associated equipment
 * Welding Fabrication and Repair: Questions & Answers by Frank Marlow
 * From the Preface: "Beginning welding students learn how to make weld beads- and nothing else...  [This book] goes beyond the classroom, to real life practical applications such as vehicle frame repairs, building tables, rectangular and box frames, and brackets."

Electronic Texts

 * __Textbook Name___
 * Introduction to Welding Safety

Other Internet Resources

 * The Miller and Lincoln welding equipment companies have each prepared an impressive array of free educational materials, including how-to articles, setting calculators and interactive, flash-animated tutorials.

 * welding-advisers.com: Home of the Practical Welding Letter.

 * http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/paa/welding/index.html
 * http://www.stanford.edu/group/prl/documents/index.htm
 * http://www.calaged.org/ResourceFiles/Curriculum/advcluster/2304.txt

Introduction to the process of welding

Lessons

 * 1) Introduction to the Processes of Welding
 * 2) General Shop Safety
 * 3) Math & Measurement for Welding
 * 4) Joint Design & Terminology
 * 5) Basic Welding Metallurgy
 * 6) Oxy-Acetylene Welding
 * 7) Oxy-Acetylene Equipment
 * 8) Cylinders
 * 9) Regulators
 * 10) Torches
 * 11) Filler Materials & Fluxes
 * 12) Other Tools
 * 13) Welding in the Flat Position
 * 14) Square (Butt) Joint w/o Filler Material
 * 15) Square Joint w/ Filler Rod
 * 16) Lap Joint
 * 17) T-Joint
 * 18) Corner Joint
 * 19) Welding in the Horizontal Position
 * 20) Square (Butt) Joint w/o Filler Material
 * 21) Square Joint w/ Filler Rod
 * 22) Lap Joint
 * 23) T-Joint
 * 24) Corner Joint
 * 25) Welding in the Vertical Position
 * 26) Square (Butt) Joint w/o Filler Material
 * 27) Square Joint w/ Filler Rod
 * 28) Lap Joint
 * 29) T-Joint
 * 30) Corner Joint
 * 31) Welding in the Overhead Position
 * 32) Square (Butt) Joint w/o Filler Material
 * 33) Square Joint w/ Filler Rod
 * 34) Lap Joint
 * 35) T-Joint
 * 36) Corner Joint
 * 37) Introduction to the Arc Welding Processes
 * 38) Shielded Metal Arc Welding
 * 39) SMAW Welding Equipment
 * 40) Personal Protective Equipment
 * 41) Welding Machines
 * 42) Leads
 * 43) Electrode Holders
 * 44) Ground Connections
 * 45) Cleaning Tools
 * 46) Electrodes
 * 47) Functions of Electrodes
 * 48) Electrode Identification
 * 49) Correct Electrode Selection
 * 50) Types of Electrodes
 * 51) Striking an Arc
 * 52) Running Short Beads
 * 53) Restarting the Arc
 * 54) PROJECT 1: Padding a 1/2 plate with 7018 DCRP
 * 1) Types of Electrodes
 * 2) Striking an Arc
 * 3) Running Short Beads
 * 4) Restarting the Arc
 * 5) PROJECT 1: Padding a 1/2 plate with 7018 DCRP

Activities

 * Activity 1.
 * etc.

Readings
Each activity has a suggested associated background reading selection.

 * Reading 1.
 * Study guide:
 * Wikipedia article: __Article Name__
 * etc.

Active participants
Active participants in this Learning Group

 * Lordcorvid (Currently in Welding School)
 * JeremyP
 * AtlantisEndevour

Related news

 * April 18, 2007 - Report:Many new welding technologies are being commercialized...

title: Welding


text:
Norhasikin Amin

Norhasikin Amin is a former Malaysian badminton player. She was part of the national team that won the women's team silver medal at the 1998 Commonwealth Games. Amin had collected five medals at the Southeast Asian Games, a silver in the mixed doubles event in 1999, a bronze in the women's doubles in 2001, also another three bronzes in the women's team in 1997, 1999 and 2001.

Southeast Asian Games
Women's doubles

Mixed doubles

IBF World Grand Prix
The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) since 1983.

Women's doubles

IBF International
Women's doubles

Mixed doubles

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Norhasikin Amin


text:
File talk:Macomb Square.JPG

Photographer's original file name: A03_5334.JPG   Rklawton 18:37, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

title: File talk:Macomb Square.JPG


text:
Talk:Pleasures of the Harbor

Great album, but holy shit is this article unbelieveably poorly written.Munich hilton (talk) 12:19, 26 February 2015 (UTC)

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Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 16:35, 1 April 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pleasures of the Harbor


text:
Talk:David Courtemanche

Interlang links
Somebody bothered to write up a stub on Courtemanche on sv:? Really? Bearcat 07:02, 28 September 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:David Courtemanche


text:
Canterbury District Soccer Football Association

Canterbury District Soccer Football Association is a governing body and football (soccer) competition located in the Canterbury suburbs of Sydney. Its administrative headquarters are located at Pratten Park Bowls, Ashfield, New South Wales. All competitions and football activity is under control of Football New South Wales. The District Association consists of ten all ages competitions which corresponds to tiers six to fifteen on the Australian soccer pyramid. Clubs are located in the Burwood, Canada Bay, Canterbury-Bankstown, Inner West and Strathfield local council areas.

History
Canterbury Districts Soccer Football Association was founded in 1922; the first year of competition was 1923.

Tiers
As of 2013, the Canterbury Districts Premier League and Premier League Reserves competitions have been scrapped to align with the national curriculum overhaul which included the introduction of the National Premier Leagues. The Canterbury Districts highest all ages competition sits on the sixth tier of the Australian soccer league system. There are a total of 12 all age divisions.

Leagues
Canterbury District Soccer Football Association is responsible for overseeing all men's, women's and junior's competitions as well as small sided competitions.

Teams
Teams competing across all tiers and divisions are made up from these clubs:
 * Abbotsford Football Club
 * Ashfield Pirates Football Club
 * Australian National Sports Club
 * Australian Catholic University
 * Balmain & District Football Club
 * Belmore Eagles Football Club
 * Belmore United Football Club
 * Burwood Football Club (Owned by a Brazilian Freak Football Player)
 * Canterbury Football Club
 * Concord Soccer Club
 * Cooks River Titans Football Club
 * Earlwood Wanderers Football Club
 * Enfield Rovers Soccer Club
 * Football Club Five Dock
 * Fraser Park Football Club
 * Hurlstone Park Wanderers Football Club
 * Inter Lions Soccer Club
 * Lakemba Sports and recreational Club
 * Leichhardt Saints Football Club
 * APIA Leichhardt Tigers Football Club
 * Marrickville Football Club
 * Roseland Raptors Football Club
 * Stanmore Hawks Football Club
 * Strathfield Football Club
 * Sydney Uni Soccer Football Club
 * Russell Lea Women's Soccer Club

Clubs may field more than one team per all ages division and may also not participate in each division

Premier League

 * 2002: Belmore Eagles A
 * 2003: Australian National Sports Club
 * 2004: Abbotsford FC
 * 2006: Concord
 * 2007: Concord
 * 2011: Enfield
 * 2012: Enfield (def. Inter Lions 6–1 in grand final)

Premier League Reserves

 * 2002: Marrickville B
 * 2003: Marrickville
 * 2004: Inter Lions
 * 2006: Inter Lions
 * 2007: Concord
 * 2012: Enfield (def. Inter Lions 1–0 in grand final)

State Cup winners
Teams have represented the Canterbury District at State Cup tournaments since its foundation in 1957. Hurlstone Park Wanderers managed to win the U-21s foundation title that year.

 * † Club has dissolved
 * Glebe are no longer a part of the Canterbury Districts Soccer Football Association


text:
Marco Polo

Etymology
After (1254–1324), Venetian merchant, whose travels were documented in a book that introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China. The name is from  +.

Noun

 * 1)  A renowned traveler.
 * 2)  A hunting game—usually played in a swimming pool—where the seeker moves with closed eyes or blindfolded, finding the other players by calling "Marco" and reacting to the other players' replies of "Polo".
 * 1)  A hunting game—usually played in a swimming pool—where the seeker moves with closed eyes or blindfolded, finding the other players by calling "Marco" and reacting to the other players' replies of "Polo".
 * 1)  A hunting game—usually played in a swimming pool—where the seeker moves with closed eyes or blindfolded, finding the other players by calling "Marco" and reacting to the other players' replies of "Polo".

title: Marco Polo


text:
safeguarding

Noun

 * 1)  Policies and actions for the protection of children and vulnerable adults.
 * 1)  Policies and actions for the protection of children and vulnerable adults.
 * 1)  Policies and actions for the protection of children and vulnerable adults.

Translations

 * Greek: ,
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: ivaretakelse
 * Romanian:

title: safeguarding


text:
asperate

Etymology
From, from , from.

Pronunciation

 * (verb)
 * (adjective)

Verb

 * 1) To make rough or harsh.

Adjective

 * 1) rough

title: asperate


text:
Talk:David Herbert Donald

Tabletop (talk) 05:03, 16 November 2008 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 12:57, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Herbert Donald


text:
Talk:Dick DeBartolo

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TV gadgets guru
His career as a TV gadgets guru has been longer and more diverse than just the one website mentioned. Nowadays he occasionally appears on ABC's World News Now... AnonMoos (talk) 03:00, 24 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dick DeBartolo


text:
Talk:Dean Saunders

Untitled
no mention made of the court case against him for attacking another player whilst on the pitch?

Dean Saunders played 17 games and scored 5 goals in the 1998\99 portuguese championship. He also played 2 games in the portuguese cup, but didn´t score. So, final game figures to Dean at Benfica: 19 games, 5 goals. --Eagle Fly Free SLB 14:33, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

Should lock this
Given the Wolves debacle until it is concluded — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:34, 6 January 2013 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Dean saunders.JPG
Image:Dean saunders.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot 02:18, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

Blackburn Rovers
Was he ever part of the coaching staff at Ewood Park, either informally or otherwise.GarethHolteDavies (talk) 13:25, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Managerial statistics
Is there any reason why the statistics from his first two seasons in charge of Wrexham are separate? Kosack (talk) 18:42, 9 September 2010 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 13:04, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Dean Saunders


text:
Pichne

Pichne (Tüskés, Пыхнї) is a village and municipality in Snina District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

History
In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1312. Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, Pichne was part of Zemplén County within the Kingdom of Hungary. From 1939 to 1944, it was part of the Slovak Republic. In 1944, the Red Army dislodged the Wehrmacht from Pichne and it was once again part of Czechoslovakia.

Geography
The municipality lies at an altitude of 290 metres and covers an area of 16.925 km². According to the 2013 census it had a population of 567 inhabitants.

title: Pichne


text:
hayfield

Noun

 * 1) A field of hay.

Translations

 * Belarusian: сенажа́ць
 * Catalan: fenar
 * Dutch: hooiveld
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: feal
 * Romanian:
 * Ukrainian: сіно́жа́ть

title: hayfield


text:
Michael Sweet (programmer)

Michael R. Sweet is a computer scientist known for being the original developer of CUPS. He also developed flPhoto, was the original developer of the Gimp-Print software (now known as Gutenprint), and continues to develop codedoc, HTMLDOC, Mini-XML, PAPPL, and many other projects. Sweet has contributed to other free software projects such as FLTK, Newsd, and Samba. He co-owned and ran Easy Software Products (ESP), a small company that specialized in Internet and printing technologies and is now the Chief Technology Officer of Lakeside Robotics Corporation.

Career
Sweet graduated in Computer Science at the SUNY Institute of Technology in Utica-Rome. He then spent several years working for TASC and Dyncorp on real-time computer graphics. After releasing a freeware tool "topcl", in 1993 Sweet set up Easy Software Products (ESP) and developed the ESP Print software. He started work on the CUPS software in 1997 and in 1999 released it under the GNU GPL license along with the commercially licensed ESP Print Pro.

Apple included CUPS in its macOS operating system and in February 2007, they purchased the copyright to the CUPS source code which, unusually for an Open Source project, was wholly owned by ESP. Apple also hired Sweet to continue the development of CUPS.

While working for Apple, Sweet spent six years as the chair of the Printer Working Group (PWG).

Sweet left Apple in December 2019 to start Lakeside Robotics Corporation. Sweet continues to be secretary of the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) working group, a designated expert for IPP and the Printer management information base (MIB) for the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), and is active in printing standards development within the PWG. He has written several books including Serial Programming Guide for POSIX Operating Systems, OpenGL Superbible, and CUPS (Common Unix Printing System).

title: Michael Sweet (programmer)


text:
Let It Roll (Flo Rida song)

"Let It Roll" is a song by American rapper Flo Rida from his fourth studio album, Wild Ones. The song was written by Earl King, Mike Caren, soFLY & Nius, Flo Rida, Axwell, Breyan Isaac, Antonio "Jovii Hendrix" Mobley and produced by soFLY & Nius and Axwell. Part two of the song features American rapper Lil Wayne and is featured on the soundtrack of the football video game FIFA 13. It was also performed on the 2012 edition of the WWE Tribute to the Troops event. Part one also appears as DLC in Dance Central 3, which was released on 2012. The song appeared on The CW TV Now promo.

The song samples a portion of Freddie King's version of the Earl King song "Come On (Let the Good Time Roll)" (1974). The chorus is derived in part from Earl King's original, which Jimi Hendrix famously covered. Hendrix is referenced in the lyrics.

Music video
A music video for the song was released on November 26, 2012 directed by Jessy Terrero.

title: Let It Roll (Flo Rida song)


text:
Zoey Leigh Peterson

Zoey Leigh Peterson is an American-Canadian novelist, who received a longlisted Scotiabank Giller Prize nomination in 2017 for her debut novel Next Year, For Sure. The novel, about a happy couple's year-long experiment with polyamory, was published in 2017 by Doubleday Canada.

Born in England to a United States Air Force family, Peterson was raised throughout the United States before moving in her early 20s to Philadelphia, where she lived in a communal home and was a musician with the local punk rock band Freemartin. She later moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, where she has lived since the late 1990s and works as a librarian.

title: Zoey Leigh Peterson


text:
Mocis incurvalis

Mocis incurvalis is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on the Galápagos Islands.

title: Mocis incurvalis


text:
XML - Managing Data Exchange/DocBook

Learning objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to
 * Learn the basics of DocBook
 * Create a DocBook document by using the DocBook XML DTD
 * Convert a text document to a DocBook document
 * Use XSL Stylesheets to transform a DocBook XML document to multiple formats as HTML, PDF or presentation slides.

Introduction
DocBook is general purpose XML and SGML vocabulary particularly well suited to books, articles, and papers. It has a large, powerful and easy to understand Document Type Definition (DTD), and its main structures correspond to the general concept of what constitutes a book. DocBook is a substantial subject that we can't exactly cover in a few pages. Thus, for the purposes of this chapter, we will talk about creating a simple DocBook document with major elements in the DocBook DTD and the details of publishing the document in order to give you a feel about DocBook. If you would like to study the subject further, we suggest you to have a look at the references provided at the end of the chapter.

What is DocBook?

 * DocBook enables you to author and store document content in a presentation-neutral form that captures the logical structure of the content.
 * It has an easy-to-understand and widely used DTD. The DocBook tags are applied so that they have a certain "common sense" semantic content, at least to English speakers.
 * There are no official versions of the DocBook W3C XML Schema at this time. The DocBook Technical Committee is planning to offer an official Schema in the DocBook V5.0 time frame.  The examples provided in this chapter will use the current official DTD.

DTD vs. Schema:
A DTD is the XML Document Type Definition contains or points to markup declarations that provide a grammar for a class of documents. A Schema is a set of shared vocabularies that allow machines to carry out rules made by people. It provides a means for defining the structure, content and semantics of XML documents. In summary, schemas are a richer and more powerful means of describing information than DTDs.

Table 1: Here is a simple XML document

Table 2: Here is the DTD for this document

Table 3: And here is the SCHEMA

Output formats for DocBook
XSL (Extensible Style Language) stylesheets can transform DocBook XML into the following formats:
 * HTML
 * HTML Help (for Windows Help)
 * Java Help
 * XHTML
 * XSL Formatting Objects (FO)
 * PDF

DSSSL (Document Style Semantics and Specification Language) stylesheets can transform DocBook SGML into the following formats:
 * HTML
 * MIF
 * RTF
 * TeX

A Brief History
DocBook was created around 1991 by HaL Computer Systems and O'Reilly & Associates. It was developed primarily for the purpose of holding the results of troff conversion of UNIX documentation, so that the files could be interchanged. Now it is maintained by OASIS. The official web site for DocBook is http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/

DocBook is used for:

 * 1) Books for print/trade publication. Many authors are using DocBook for writing books of all kinds, in various print and online formats, worldwide. Some examples include:
 * 2) *Processing XML with Java
 * 3) *Learning XML
 * 4) *DocBook: The Definitive Guide
 * 5) *Installing and Using DocBook
 * 6) *Dive into Python
 * 7) Articles, theses and dissertations
 * 8) Maintaining websites
 * 9) Producing presentation slides, printed handouts, and whitepapers
 * 10) Documentation for commercial software and hardware

DocBook Tools
DocBook is officially available as a DTD for both XML and SGML. You can download both the latest DocBook XML DTD and DocBook SGML DTD from the official DocBook site at OASIS. The examples provided in this chapter will use DocBook XML DTD. Some experimental DocBook schemas are available at sourceforge.net. DocBook is supported by a number of commercial and open source tools. Easily customizable and extensible "standard" DocBookStylesheets are available from the DocBookOpenRepository along with the other free open source tools. See DocBookTools on the DocBook Wiki for a more complete list of commercial and open source tools.

Other Free Tools:

 * 1) XSLTProc: One of the most known and fast processors. Available at http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/.
 * 2) Apache FOP: XSL-FO implementation. Available at http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/.
 * 3) Xt: One of original XSLT processors. Less frequently used now. Available at www.jclark.com.
 * 4) DocBook2x: Converts DocBook to man and Texinfo pages. Available at Sourceforge.
 * 5) Refdb: Creates reference databases and bibliographies from DocBook. Available at Sourceforge.

Commercial Tools:

 * 1) Arbortext Epic: Comprehensive suite of both editing and processing tools. Available at Arbortext website.
 * 2) RenderX XEP: FO to PDF rendering engine. Available at RenderX website.
 * 3) Antenna House XSL Formatter: FO to PDF rendering engine. Available at Antenna Housewebsite.

SGML vs XML
The syntax of SGML and XML DTD is very similar but not identical. The biggest difference between the DocBook DTD for SGML and the one for XML is that the SGML DTD contains SGML exclusions in some content models.

Example: SGML DTD excludes as a descendent of, because it doesn't make much practical sense to have footnotes within footnotes. XML DTDs can't contain exclusions, so if you're authoring using the DocBook XML DTD, it's possible to produce documents containing some valid-but-not-logical markup like footnotes within footnotes.

Creating a DocBook Document
In order to get started, you will need:
 * An XML editor. Download NetBeans IDE if you haven't done so yet.
 * The DocBook XML DTD. Although it is optional to use one, DTD's are useful when one wants to validate a document to check that it conforms to the DTD to which one claims it conforms.  Hence, the DocBook DTD can be used to validate that a purported DocBook document.  DocBook XML 4.2 is the current version of DocBook DTD. Download at the official DocBook website
 * The DocBook XSL stylesheets are maintained primarily by Norman Walsh. There are two sets of stylesheets: XSL and DSSSL. Download the latest version XSL 1.65.1 at Sourceforge.net
 * An XSLT processor (covered in the further sections)

Table 4: A simple DocBook Book, "book.xml"

Table 5: A simple DocBook article, "article.xml"

Let’s examine the details of a typical DocBook document. Standard header to a DocBook XML file is a DocType declaration:

Standard header <!DOCTYPE name FORMALID "Owner//Keyword Description//Language">

This tells the XML manipulation tools the DTD in use. Name is the name of the root element in the document. FORMALID is replaced with either PUBLIC or SYSTEM identifier or both. PUBLIC identifies the DTD to which the document conforms. SYSTEM explicitly states the location of the DTD used in the document by means of a URI (Uniform Resource Indicator). PUBLIC identifiers are optional in XML documents although SYSTEM Identifiers are mandatory in the DOCTYPE declaration.

Header example  <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">

Owner: Oasis Keyword Description: DTD DocBook XML V4.2 Language: EN - English

Caution! If you are not online, you need to change the URL system identifier to path where DTD is installed:  <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.2/docbookx.dtd">

Breaking a Document into Physical Portions
Before getting started, here is a useful tip! For the purposes of convenience and performance, you might consider breaking a document into physical chunks and work on each chunk separately. If you have a book that consists of three chapters and two appendixes, you might create a file called book.xml, which looks like this:

Table 6: A physically divided book, “dividedbook.xml”

You can then write the chapters and appendixes conveniently in separate files. This is why DocBook is well suited to large contents. Note that these separate files do not and must not have document type declarations.

For example, Chapter 1 might begin like this:

My First Chapter My first paragraph. … ……………………………………………………………

Breaking a Document into Logical Portions
Here is a quick reference guide for DocBook Elements: http://www.docbook.org/tdg/en/html/ref-elements.html

There are–literally–hundreds of DocBook elements. This is what makes docBook very powerful. We will try to cover the major ones here and let you review the rest on your own. Firstly, a classification; DocBook Elements can be divided broadly into these categories:

Set: A collection of books
Set is the very top of the DocBook structural hierarchy. There's nothing that contains a Set.

Some children elements: Book, SetIndex, SetInfo, Subtitle, Title, TitleAbbrev, ToC(table of contents).

Reference page: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/docbook/chapter/book/set.html

Table 7: element, "lordoftherings.xml"

Book: A book
A Book is probably the most common top-level element in a document. The DocBook definition of a book is very loose and general. It gives you free rein by not imposing a strict ordering of elements.

Some children elements: Appendix, Article, Bibliography, BookInfo, Chapter, Colophon, Dedication, Glossary, Index, LoT, Part, Preface, Reference, SetIndex, Subtitle, Title, TitleAbbrev, ToC.

Reference page: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/docbook/chapter/book/book.html

Division: A collection of parts and references (optional)
Divisions are the first hierarchical level below Book.

Children elements: Part (contain components), Reference (contain RefEntrys)

Components: Chapter-like elements of a Book or Part
These are Preface, Chapter, Appendix, Glossary, Bibliography, and Article. Components generally contain block elements -or sections, and some can contain navigational components and RefEntrys.

Table 9:  element, "references.xml"

Sections: Several sectioning elements
a. Sect1…Sect5 elements - the most common sectioning elements that can occur in most component-level elements. These numbered section elements must be properly nested (Sect2s can only occur inside Sect1s, Sect3s can only occur inside Sect2s, and so on).

b. Section element - an alternative to numbered sections Sections are recursive, meaning that you can nest them to any depth desired.

c. SimpleSect element - a terminal section that can occur at any level SimpleSect cannot have any other sectioning element nested within it.

d. BridgeHead element - a section title without any containing section

e. RefSect1…RefSect3 elements - numbered section elements in RefEntrys f. GlossDiv, BiblioDiv, and IndexDiv elements - do not nest

Please see Table 4 and Table 5 for examples.

Reference page: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/docbook/chapter/book/section.html

Meta-Information Elements – contain bibliographic information
All of the elements at the section level and above include a wrapper for meta-information about the content. Examples of meta-wrappers: BookInfo, ArticleInfo, ChapterInfo, PrefaceInfo, SetInfo, GlossaryInfo.

Table 10: element

Block vs. Inline Elements
There are two classes of paragraph-level elements: block and inline.

Block elements are usually presented with a paragraph break before and after them. Most can contain other block elements, and many can contain character data and inline elements. Examples of block elements are: Paragraphs, lists, sidebars, tables, and block quotations.

Inline elements are generally represented without any obvious breaks. The most common distinguishing mark of inline elements is a font change, but inline elements may present no visual distinction at all. Inline elements contain character data and possibly other inline elements, but they never contain block elements. They are used to mark up data. Some examples are: cross references, filenames, commands, options, subscripts and superscripts, and glossary terms.

Block Elements - paragraph-level elements
The block elements occur immediately below the component and sectioning elements.

Lists
Table 11: element, "statecapital.xml"

Table 12: "statecapital.xml" output

The capitals of the states of the United States of America are:

State Capitals

State: Georgia

Capital: Atlanta

State: Alaska

Capital: Juneau

State: Arkansas

Capital: Little Rock

Table 14: "mashpotatoe.xml" output

I.Preparation A.Chop tomatoes B.Peel onions C.Mash potatoes II.Cooking A.Boil water B.Put tomatoes and onions in    C.Blanch for 5 minutes

Admonitions
There are five types of admonitions: Caution, Important, Note, Tip, and Warning.

Line-specific environments
Line-specific environments preserve whitespace and line breaks.

Table 16: element, "If_by_Kipling.xml"

Common block-level elements
Common block-level elements include Examples, figures, and tables. The distinction between formal and informal elements is that formal elements have titles while informal ones do not.

Example, InformalExample

Table 17: element

Figure, InformalFigure

Table 18: element

Table, InformalTable

Table 19:

Paragraphs
Paragraphs are Para, SimPara (simple paragraphs may not contain other block-level elements), and FormalPara (formal paragraphs have titles). Paragraphs are the most commonly used high-level elements that can contain block elements such as itemizedlist and Mediaobject and can contain almost all inline elements.

Reference page: http://www.docbook.org/tdg/en/html/para.html

Table 20: element, "Nietzsche.xml"

Equations
Equation and InformalEquation (without titles)

Table 21: element inside a element

Graphics
InlineGraphic, MediaObject, InlineMediaObject

These elements may contain video, audio, image, and text data. A single media object can contain several alternative forms from which the presentation system can select the most appropriate object.

Please see Table 18 for example.

Inline Elements – used to mark up running text
In published documents, inline elements often cause a font change or other small change, but they do not cause line or paragraph breaks.

Entities for Special Characters

The following entities are provided for special characters:

Publishing a DocBook Document
DSSSL vs XSL Stylesheets:

Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) is a stylesheet language for both print and online rendering. It is mainly intended to work with SGML.

Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) is a language for expressing stylesheets written in XML. It includes the formatting object language, but refers to separate documents for the transformation language and the path language. In this chapter, we will use XSL Stylesheets because they’re more powerful, you are already familiar with them, and they are intended to work with XML.

Step 1: Get the Standard StyleSheets
DocBook strictly separates the content and appearance of a document. A DocBook document only explains the semantics of the document, not its formatting or appearance. In order to publish your DocBook Document, you will need to use a set of DSSSL or XSL Stylesheets describing the formatting and an XSL processor.

If you’re thinking that it would be a lot of work to write your own XSL stylesheets, you’re right. The good news is that you don’t need to. There are a large number of freely available standard XSL stylesheets for DocBook maintained primarily by Norman Walsh.

Make sure that you download the latest version of these stylesheets at Sourceforge.net - Stylesheets Repository. The stylesheet distribution consists of a collection of modular XSL files that are assembled into several complete XSL stylesheets. There is a stylesheet for generating a single HTML file, and one for generating multiple smaller HTML files from a single DocBook document. There are stylesheets for print output, XHTML output, HTML Help output, and JavaHelp output. Since there are XSL processors for all major computer types, you can use DocBook on Unix, Linux, Windows, and Macintosh computers. By using these default stylesheets installed on your system, it is quite easy to create customized stylesheets. But don’t forget to note that the common approach to customize the stylesheets is creating a customization layer rather than editing them directly.

Step 2: Download an XSLT processor
To publish HTML from your XML documents, you will need an XSLT engine. To print, you need an XSLT engine to produce formatting objects (FO), which then must be processed with an FO engine to produce PostScript or PDF output. A variety of XSLT engines are available. Here's a list of some free/open-source ones you might consider. Note that xsltproc and Saxon are currently the only recommended XSLT engines for use with DocBook.

XSLT Engines

 * 1) Xsltproc: A free processor written in C, available as part of the open source libxml2 library from the Gnome development project. It is considered the fastest of the processors, and is highly conformant to the specification.  Download at http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/
 * 2) Saxon: A free processor written in Java, that can be run on any operating system with a modern Java interpreter. It uses the Aelfred XML parser internally, which has some bugs, so many people substitute the Xerces parser.  Download at http://saxon.sourceforge.net/
 * 3) Xalan: Xalan is part of the Apache XML Project. It has versions written in both Java and C++, both of them free.  The Java version is highly portable and more fully developed.  Generally Xalan is used with the Xerces XML parser (Java or C++), also available from the Apache XML Project.  Download at http://xml.apache.org/

Your choice of an XSLT engine may depend a lot on the environment in which you'll be running the engine. Many DocBook users who need or want a non-Java application use xsltproc. It's very fast and the developers respond very quickly to bug reports and questions. But one current limitation xsltproc has is that it doesn't yet support Norm Walsh's DocBook-specific XSLT extension functions.

Saxon is the most popular one for use in a Java environment. It also supports Norm Walsh's DocBook-specific XSLT extension functions.

NetBeans IDE, the XML editor we’ve been using for other chapters’ exercises, has a built-in XSLT processor using the XALAN parser by default. NetBeans IDE not only lets you validate your XML documents but also does XSL transformations right there in the IDE. It will work for this chapter’s purpose well enough. It doesn’t provide any XSLT debugging though, so you might want to get yourself a decent XSL IDE (e.g.,XML Spy or Xcelerator) for serious XSLT work.

FO Engines
For generating print/PDF output from FO files, there are two free/open-source FO engines:
 * 1) PassiveTeX: available at http://www.tei-c.org.uk/Software/passivetex/index.xml.ID=body.1_div.1. Download and installation information at http://www.tei-c.org.uk/Software/passivetex/index.xml.ID=body.1_div.3.
 * 2) FOP: a Java-based processor from the Apache XML Project, available at http://xml.apache.org/fop/

Output to HTML

 * The main strength of standard stylesheets is that they are easily customizable.
 * Parameters found in params.xsl
 * Call your customization layer instead of the standard stylesheet

Table 22: A customized XSL stylesheet, "myxsl1.xsl"

 * Beyond setting parameters, you can modify XSLT "templates" to override default behavior
 * You need at least a minimal knowledge of XSLT

Table 23: A customized XSL stylesheet, "myxsl2.xsl"

Output to PDF
It generally requires a two-stage process:
 * 1) Generation of FO from XML
 * 2) Generation of PDF from FO

Table 24: An XSL stylesheet to generate FO, "myxsl3.xsl" xsltproc -o sample.fo $DB/fo/docbook.xsl sample.xml fop.sh -fo sample.fo -pdf sample.pdf

Extensions
a. Slides Doctype

 * Creation of presentation slides from DocBook XML
 * You can create HTML (with or without frames) and FO
 * Uses DocBook elements within a specific hierarchical framework
 * Downloadable from DocBook Open Repository at SourceForge

Table 25: "slides.xml"

b. Website Doctype

 * Creation of web sites from a collection of DocBook XML files
 * Uses most DocBook elements within specific framework. It has separate files that control page navigation and hierarchy.
 * Downloadable from DocBook Open Repository at SourceForge.

Table 26: "website.xml"

Why use DocBook?
This certainly looks like too much work, doesn’t it? You’re not wrong. Why do we bother to use DocBook then?

 * It is portable! A document written in DocBook markup can be converted into HTML, PostScript, PDF, RTF, DVI, plain ASCII text easily and quickly without any expensive tools.

 * It is flexible! It enables output to multiple formats, including HTML, PDF, Slides, and many others.

 * It separates the content from format! DocBook is only concerned with the structure of a document. It frees the author from worrying about the formatting and layout of a document.

 * It is easy to understand! Most of DocBook elements are self explanatory.

 * It can handle large quantities of content. You can physically divide the document into different files and work on them separately and conveniently.

 * It is free! There a lot of freely available open source tools used to work with DocBook.

DocBook is well suited to any collection of technical documentation that is regularly maintained and published. Multiple authors can contribute to a single document, and their content can easily be merged because all the authors are using a highly structured, standard markup language. Just one little point to keep in mind; because the formatting for DocBook documents is strictly accomplished by stylesheets, DocBook is not well matched to highly designed layout-driven content like magazines.

Setting up a DocBook system will certainly take some time and effort. The payoff will be an efficient, flexible, and inexpensive publishing system that is iterative and that can grow with your needs. Therefore, it is worth the effort!

DocBook Filters - Reading and Writing DocBook XML Using OpenOffice.org
The goal of the project is to use OpenOffice.org as a WYSIWYG editor of XML content to edit structured documents using styles. When exported, these styles are then transformed to XML tags. This section shows you how to enable and use DocBook filters. Below are some links to stylesheets that can be download to use the latest transformations.

Enabling the DocBook XSLT's in OpenOffice.org 1.1 Beta 2/RC
There are three different ways to enable the DocBook filters. The most recent stylesheets support the import and export of DocBook documents with article or chapter as the top-level tag. The different stylesheets required for each of these operation are listed below:
 * 1) Download the DocBook XSLT Stylesheets and OpenOffice.org Style Template
 * 2) *Using this method will make certain that the most recent stylesheets and OpenOffice.org style template will be used for import and export. It is required to download the following to import, export and modify DocBook documents in OpenOffice.org:
 * 3) *The relevant XSLT stylesheets for the XML transformations (All available here)
 * 4) *An OpenOffice.org style template that contains custom styles corresponding to DocBook tags (Available here)

 * Stylesheets required for import Article docbooktosoffheadings.xsl
 * Stylesheets required for import Chapter docbooktosoffheadings.xsl
 * Stylesheets required for export Article sofftodocbookheadings_article.xsl
 * Stylesheets required for export Chapter sofftodocbookheadings_chapter.xsl

OpenOffice.org Template required for Article and Chapter documents:
 * DocBookTemplate.stw

Creating a new DocBook filter
 * Go to Tools -> XML Filter Settings...
 * Set Filter Name and Name of File Type to DocBook (Chapter)
 * Go to the Transformation tab
 * Set DocType to
 * For XSLT for Export browse to the chapter export stylesheet (docbooktosoffheadings.xsl).
 * For XSLT for Import browse to the chapter import stylesheet (sofftodocbookheadings_chapter.xsl).
 * For Template for Import browse to the style template (DocBookTemplate.stw).
 * Click OK and close the XSLT Filter Setting dialog

To create a DocBook Article filter, the above steps can be repeated with article replacing chapter This method is more convenient, however there is no guarantee that the most recent stylesheets and OpenOffice.org template will be used. The DocBook UNO component adds filter support for the retention of unresolved XML entities.
 * 1) Download the DocBook XSLT Jar Packages for Article or Chapter
 * 1) Download the DocBook UNO component for Article only
 * Download the DocBookFilter
 * Unzip it to the /
 * Run pkgchk in the /program dir
 * The DocBook Article filter will now import DocBook unresolved entities as OpenOffice.org set variables

How to Import a DocBook document
A DocBook article or chapter document can now be opened using the File -> Open dialog. The DocBook XSLT filter should automatically determine the root element of the document and import it with the matching XSLT filter. Alternatively, it is possible to browse manually to the desired DocBook filter in the File Type combo-box in the File -> Open dialog.
 * Go to File -> Open...
 * Browse to the DocBook document.
 * Click OK

How to Export a DocBook document
The DocBook document can also be exported using the File -> Save As dialog.

Again, the DocBook XSLT filter should automatically determine the file type and export with the matching XSLT filter. Alternatively, it is possible to browse manually to the desired DocBook filter in the File Type combo-box in the File -> Save As dialog.
 * Go to File -> Save As...
 * Browse to the location where the document is to be saved
 * Click Save

Using OpenOffice.org Headings and Styles for different DocBook tags
Using OpenOffice.org styles to represent DocBook tags The style template supplies all of the custom styles that are currently supported. Once a DocBook document has been imported to OpenOffice.org, the available DocBook specific styles can be viewed using the Stylist. On import, each of the supported DocBook tags will be mapped to formatted OpenOffice.org content. Similarly, to modify the imported DocBook document, OpenOffice.org text styles can be used to represent the DocBook tags marking-up the text. NOTE: A new DocBook document can be created in OpenOffice.org by opening the DocBookTemplate.stw. The document can then be saved as a DocBook document, and the new content will be represented as DocBook mark-up. How to create new DocBook content: How to create DocBook sections: Initially the DocBook project used OpenOffice.org sections to enforce the nesting of DocBook sections. Feedback has shown that authors wish to use the common word processing styles such as Heading1, Heading2, etc. The following instructions describe how to create a that contains a Navigating through the document: If you wish to see how DocBook sections are nested as OpenOffice.org headings, use the F5 key to Display the Navigator window. Expand the headings tag, to display the layout of the headings within the document. You can skip to the start of a given DocBook section/OpenOffice.org heading, by double-clicking on it.
 * Press F11 to display the Stylist
 * Select Custom Styles in the Stylist combo-box
 * Click the Character Styles icon (second from left on the Stylist)
 * Double-click the SubScript style
 * Enter text in the OpenOffice.org document
 * On exporting as DocBook, the text formatted as the SubScript custom style will be marked-up with the DocBook tag
 * Press F11 to display the Stylist
 * Select All Styles in the Stylist combo-box
 * Click the Paragraph Styles icon (first in the left on the Stylist)
 * Double-click the Heading 1 style
 * Enter the text to be the title
 * All the text below this heading will now be the content of the DocBook
 * Enter other DocBook styles, tables, etc.
 * Enter other DocBook styles, tables, etc. to be included in
 * 1) Double-click the Heading 2 style
 * 2) Enter the text to be the title
 * 3) All the text below this heading will now be the content of the DocBook
 * 4) Enter other DocBook styles, tables, etc. to be included in
 * This nesting of DocBook sect's using OpenOffice headings can go as far as / Heading 4

Exercises

 * 1) Download the latest DocBook DTD at http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/. Convert the Learning Objectives part of Chapter 2 of this textbook into a DocBook document.  Check that it is well-formed and valid.
 * 2) Download the DocBook XSL Stylesheets at Sourceforge.net. Transform the DocBook document you created in the first exercise into an HTML file by using the docbook.xsl stylesheet in the HTML folder.

References and Useful Links

 * 1) DocBook Official Website
 * 2) DocBook: The Definitive Guide, by Norman Walsh and Leonard Muellner, published by O'Reilly & Associates, October 1999 http://www.docbook.org/
 * 3) Sourceforge - DocBook Open Repository
 * 4) Installing and Using DocBook - Copyright 2002, The University Of Birmingham
 * 5) Using the DocBook XSL Stylesheets - http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/index.html
 * 6) Setting Up A Free XML/SGML DocBook Editing Suite For Windows And Unix
 * 7) http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/docbook-apps/
 * 8) http://www.dulug.duke.edu/~mark/docbookmarks/
 * 9) http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/LDP-Author-Guide/
 * 10) http://www.nwalsh.com/docs/
 * 11) http://www.e-smith.org/docs/docprocess.html
 * 12) http://www.lodestar2.com/people/dyork/talks/docbook/
 * 13) DocBook mailing list<EMAIL_ADDRESS> * 14) http://xml.openoffice.org/xmerge/docbook/

title: XML - Managing Data Exchange/DocBook


text:
Australian Government

Contents

 * /Preface/
 * /Introduction/

 * 1) /History of Government in Australia/
 * 2) */Government from Britain/
 * 3) */Colonial Self-Government/
 * 4) */Federation/
 * 5) */Post Federation/
 * 6) /The Commonwealth Constitution/
 * 7) */The Constitution/
 * 8) */The Commonwealth Legislature/
 * 9) */The Commonwealth Executive/
 * 10) /The States and Territories/
 * 11) */The State and Territory Legislatures/
 * 12) */The State and Territory Executives/
 * 13) /The Judiciary/

title: Australian Government


text:
User:Jaybernardez2017/sandbox

Jaybernardez2017 Belize Foundation for Research and Environmental Education

The Handbook of SUSTAINABILITY LITERACY
"As the Transition Movement has shown so well, combining the ideal of allowing future generations to meet their needs with the far more practical task of preparing for difficult times ahead in the near future can galvanise communities into action, with immediate and multiple benefits ."

title: User:Jaybernardez2017/sandbox


text:
Roger Phillips

Roger Phillips may refer to:

 * Roger Phillips (Happy Days), a character in TV comedy drama Happy Days
 * Roger Phillips (photographer) (1932–2021), plant photographer and botanist
 * Roger J. Phillips (1940–2020), American geophysicist and planetary scientist

title: Roger Phillips


text:
User:Red-Potion

A very eager student willing to help lift the Wikiversity onto its feet. As a high school senior with two classes and a part time job, I have the time on my hands to put something together if I am given the chance. Contact me if you want help with

•English Language Programs •Japanese Language Programs •Writing and News Production •Or really, anything else.

An eager mind with ready fingers.

title: User:Red-Potion


text:
Tuxentius kaffana

Tuxentius kaffana is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in south-western Ethiopia.

title: Tuxentius kaffana


text:
Rajpur Daghali

Rajpura is a small village in Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India. It is situated in the hills near Bhagani, at a distance of around 20 km from Paonta Sahib.

title: Rajpur Daghali


text:
Talk:David Brenner

Refs stating "I am David Brenner"
User rennerb has added a lot of info with refs like "I am David Brenner and this can be verified in the court's records". I've checked some of these including the outrageous claim that a homely Philly guy like David (I'm one too) could be dating Tai Babilonia, and ... well, he is. As best I can tell all these facts are correct. I am insanely jealous now. But anyway, my point: the references need work. David, if you're reading this, what works best is to find some reputable online source that verifies the information. And if you're not David, the refs still need work. I'll try and do a few as time permits. The problem with the current ones is that (a) not everybody can contact you, or the courts, or Howard Stern and (b) some day you'll be dead, and Wikipedia will last for a while longer. Paulc206 (talk) 05:46, 20 May 2011 (UTC)

Here's the citation tutorial: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial/Citing_sources

See what David likes to do in his hometown, Philadelphia
The PA Tourism Office is running a cool campaign this summer, showcasing celebs who represent Pennsylvania well. David Brenner is featured this week! He shares what sites he likes to go visit and places to eat in Philly!

Check it out, http://www.visitpa.com/visitpa/playlistDetail.pa?type=celebrity&name=David_Brenner

New celebrities are added weekly, so keep checking back!

==Seems some are removed, like Brenner. Link is dead. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:40, 11 September 2011 (UTC)

Date of Birth
According to IMDB, his DOB is 02/04/1936. --<IP_ADDRESS> 13:51, 28 September 2007 (UTC) Today, February 3, 2009, on The Howard Stern Show, Brenner stated that he went to great lengths to conceal his true age. He stated on the program that he is 73 years-old.

--Big Mac (talk) 14:23, 3 February 2009 (UTC)

On-Stage marriage?
I watched a David Brenner stand up on TV called David Brenner: Back With a Vengeance recently and he "got married" on stage by some rabbi who floated in on stage with some cords and had them "wed". It looks incredibly fake, as the "rabbi" said, "and you get the idea," in the middle of a long "prayer," as well as some other strange stuff. The show aired in 2000. It looked extremely fake, but I'd like some confirmation. Jedibob5 03:22, 16 April 2007 (UTC)
 * It was real. He married Elizabeth Slater, his girlfriend of twelve years, only to get divorced less than a year later. Likwidshoe 09:40, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

other people sharing the name...
There is another David Brenner, the owner of Prime Builders in Riverside, California. I added this information to the page but it was reverted. Is this a piece of information that does belong in wikipedia, and if so, where? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:09, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

Career . . .Radio??? Comment
For a year, 1985-1986, Brenner did a radio show. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQpizWAHGxQ

Probably should be included.

 * Actually it is TWO radio shows. In the late 90s, he too over the 3-6pm EST slot on Westwood One that was left when Larry King left the network.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZb7xzYe4nk

 * I added something about the radio shows. If someone can check out these videos, please reference them in the article (and not just on the talk page). DougHill (talk) 08:21, 5 December 2014 (UTC)

Article photo incorrectly dated???
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJzpzw4fJw0

Please note that in this stand-up appearance Brenner made a (as usual, very funny) joke about the City of New York's fiscal crisis in the autumn of 1975. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1946%E2%80%9377)#1970s He is wearing the same leisure suit and jewelry in the clip as the photo. The date of the photo should be verified. User:JCHeverly 15:25, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

 * OK, let's label the photo as 1975, but use "circa" to indicate our uncertainty. DougHill (talk) 07:01, 5 December 2014 (UTC)

 * Actually, user JCHeverly was mistaken: the CBS News obit video clip clearly shows Brenner wearing a different pattern of polyester shirt (unbuttoned lower) & a large medallion showing (hidden in the article photo).

 * Danny Mounce (Dman41689) was a longtime WikiMedia photo uploader & headshot collector who tagged the uploaded filename with "1976", and I'll defer to his provenance. — DennisDallas (talk) 13:28, 17 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on David Brenner. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140316093017/http://www.davidbrennersite.com/bio.html to http://www.davidbrennersite.com/bio.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:49, 7 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on David Brenner. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140316033659/http://www.reviewjournal.com/columns-blogs/news/comedy-legend-david-brenner-dead-78 to http://reviewjournal.com/columns-blogs/news/comedy-legend-david-brenner-dead-78

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:05, 27 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Brenner


text:
neblina

Etymology
From and.

Noun

 * 1) fog

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) fog, mist (water or other liquid finely suspended in air)

Etymology
Diminutive of.

Noun

 * 1) fog, mist

title: neblina


text:
Mohamed Antar

Mohamed Antar (محمد عنتر; born 10 February 1993) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Egyptian Premier League club Zamalek.

Honours
Zamalek
 * Egypt Cup: 2017–18, 2018–19
 * Egyptian Super Cup: 2019–20
 * Saudi-Egyptian Super Cup: 2018
 * CAF Confederation Cup: 2018–19
 * CAF Super Cup: 2020

title: Mohamed Antar


text:
German/Level I/Introduction

I.0: Introduction

Welcome to Level I German!

Level I is aimed at junior high and high school students. However, it can also be used by others just beginning to learn to speak or read German.

The goal of Level I German is to introduce the basics of the German language without overwhelming students. Therefore, the vocabulary is formatted for translating from English (which the students know) into German.

Although Level II is aimed at students and people who are a bit proficient after Level I, still, English translation will be used, so as to ease the learning. It helps because, at times while learning a new language, even with basic understanding, the words are above normal understanding level, and thus require a "sub" assistance.

German and English
German and English are quite close to each other, and are called language sisters or, more formally, cognate languages. Both belong to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. Here are some major similarities:
 * Both languages use the Latin alphabet.
 * Normally, sentences follow Subject-Verb-Object order.
 * Questions have Verb-Subject-Object order or Adverb-Verb-Subject-Object order.
 * There are contractions (e.g., isn't) in both German and English.
 * Many words share the same roots, such as word and Wort, or house and Haus.
 * Many words are spelled almost the same way in English and German; for example, Text, Zoo, Handball, Motor, Bus, Park, Position, or Garage.
 * Kindergarten (early school grade) is an English word borrowed directly from German, with a slight change of meaning from its original sense of daycare or nursery school.

As you can see, German is quite similar to English. There are, however, differences:
 * German has more letters than and different pronunciations from English.
 * In German the verb is sometimes the last word of a sentence.
 * German has more verb forms than English.
 * German is the only known written language where every noun is capitalized, whether or not it is a proper noun.
 * The word ich (I) is only capitalized if it is the first word of the sentence.
 * German has three different words for you.
 * Adjectives have different endings based on the noun they are modifying in German.
 * German does not have any Present Continuous tense, only Present tense.

However, German is still one of the easiest languages for English speakers to learn. The differences will be tackled over the course of the lessons.

How to Use this Level of the German Textbook
The lessons are meant to be taken in order. You should read and review the German dialogs as often as possible. Many of the dialogs come with audio recordings by native speakers. These recordings are invaluable to learn the German pronunciation. If there is a recording, you can do several kinds of exercises:
 * Read the German dialog and translate it to English with the help of the vocabulary list.
 * Listen to the dialog while you read it and try to understand as much as possible.
 * Listen to the dialog without reading it, pause the playback after each sentence and translate it to English.
 * Listen to the dialog without reading it, pause the playback after each sentence, and write it down in German.
 * Listen to the dialog while reading it, stop after each sentence and repeat the pronunciation.

At the reviews, after every third lesson, go back to look at the previous lessons.

Layout of the Lessons

 * Every lesson has a title at the top.
 * The lesson will introduce several topics, more and more as the lessons progress.
 * Topics are usually introduced by dialogs, which are accompanied by vocabulary lists.
 * Each lesson features several problems and a test at the end. You should write down your answers (either electronically or on paper) before looking at the suggested answers. The act of writing down your answers will help you to learn the spelling.
 * Level I uses a "more than enough" system for the problems. You don't have to do all of the problems if you think you know the material. However, the test may require knowing certain vocabulary, so you need to make sure you know it.

Levels of Completion
On the contents page, you will see filled-in boxes next to each lesson. The number of boxes corresponds to the completeness of the lesson as follows:

 * [[Image:25%.svg]] - The lesson is started, with a lesson overview at least.
 * [[Image:50%.svg]] - At least half of the sections are complete.
 * [[Image:75%.svg]] - Most of the lesson is complete.
 * [[File:100%.svg]] - The entire lesson is complete.

title: German/Level I/Introduction


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/2015–2018 curling statistics

The result was keep. (non-admin closure) Minecrafter0271 (talk) 18:06, 13 February 2020 (UTC)

2015–2018 curling statistics

 * – ( View AfD View log  curling statistics )

I don't think this article serves a purpose and is useless in terms of WikiProject Curling. It also does not have any other articles that link to it so I don't think it is a necessary page. TracyFleuryFan (talk) 19:47, 22 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Delete. I've been meaning to tag this page every time I come across it, but I've been too lazy. There is no point to it. -- Earl Andrew - talk 01:03, 23 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
J. Howard Moore

John Howard Moore (December 4, 1862 – June 17, 1916) was an American zoologist, philosopher, educator, humanitarian and socialist. He is considered to be an early, yet neglected, proponent of animal rights and ethical vegetarianism, and was a leading figure in the American humanitarian movement. Moore was a prolific writer, authoring numerous articles, books, essays, pamphlets on topics including animal rights, education, ethics, evolutionary biology, humanitarianism, socialism, temperance, utilitarianism and vegetarianism. He also lectured on many of these subjects and was widely regarded as a talented orator, earning the name the "silver tongue of Kansas" for his lectures on prohibition.

Moore was born near Rockville, Indiana, in 1862 and spent his formative years in Linden, Missouri. Raised as a Christian, this instilled in him the anthropocentric belief that non-human animals existed for the benefit of humans. At college, Moore was introduced to Darwin's theory of evolution, which led him to develop an ethic that rejected both Christianity and anthropocentrism, and recognized the intrinsic value of animals; he adopted vegetarianism as an extension of this belief. While studying zoology at the University of Chicago, he became a socialist, helped form the university's Vegetarian Eating Club and won a national oratorical contest on prohibition. Moore was an influential member of the Chicago Vegetarian Society and attempted to model the organization as an American version of the Humanitarian League, a British organization that Moore was also a member of. In 1895, Moore delivered a speech that was published by the Chicago Vegetarian Society as Why I Am a Vegetarian. For the rest of his life, Moore worked as a teacher in Chicago, while continuing to lecture and write.

In 1899, Moore published his first book Better-World Philosophy, in which he described what he saw as fundamental problems in the world and his ideal arrangement of the universe. In 1906, his best-known work The Universal Kinship was published, in which he advocated for a sentiocentric philosophy he called the doctrine of Universal Kinship, based on the shared evolutionary kinship between all sentient beings. Moore expanded on his ideas in The New Ethics the following year. In response to the passing of a law in Illinois prescribing the teaching of morals in public schools, Moore published supporting education material, in the form of two books and a pamphlet. This was followed by two books on evolution: The Law of Biogenesis (1914) and Savage Survivals (1916). After having suffered from chronic illness and depression for several years, Moore killed himself at the age of 53 in Jackson Park, Chicago.

Early life and education
John Howard Moore was born on December 4, 1862, near Rockville, Indiana. Moore was the eldest of the six children of William A. Moore and Mary Moore (née Barger). At the age of six months, the Moore family moved to Linden, Missouri. During the first 30 years of his life, Moore and his family moved between Kansas, Missouri and Iowa.

Moore had a Christian upbringing, which instilled in him the anthropocentric belief that humans were created by God to have dominion over the Earth and its inhabitants. Growing up on a farm, Moore was fond of hunting and this fondness was shared by the people around him; he later reflected that he and his community saw animals as existing to be used for whatever purpose was seen fit.

Moore studied at High Bank school till the age of 17, before studying for one year at a college in Rock Port, Missouri. He then studied at Oskaloosa College (now defunct), in Iowa, from 1880 to 1884, but did not graduate. Moore went on to study at Drake University. Studying science introduced Moore to Darwin's theory of evolution, which led to him to reject Christianity, in favour of an ethic based on Darwin's theory which recognized the intrinsic value of animals as independent of their value to humans.

In 1884, he became an examiner for the Board of Teachers for Mitchell County, Kansas. The following year, Moore was struck by lightning, receiving burns to his arm and chest and temporarily losing his sight and capacity for speech; he recovered after six days of bed rest. For the rest of his life, Moore suffered from severe headaches as a result of the injury. In 1886, he unsuccessfully ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives, coming last out of five. Around this time, he became a vegetarian for ethical reasons.

In Cawker City, Kansas, Moore studied law under C. H. Hawkins. In 1889, he was employed by the National Lecture Bureau, delivering lectures in a manner which led him to be known as the "silver tongue of Kansas"; he was also described as a "youthful Luther" and was celebrated for both his oratory and singing voice. Moore delivered lectures in Kansas, Missouri and Iowa.

In 1890, Moore published his first pamphlet A Race of Somnambulists, in which he criticized the cruelty of humans towards the animal world. He spent the summer of the same year in Chautauqua, New York, studying voice culture in singing and speaking at the Chautauqua Institution. From 1890 to 1893, Moore continued to work as a lecturer. He also gave lectures on behalf of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. Around this time, Moore, who was living on a farm to the south of Cawker City, worked as a reporter for The Beloit Daily Call, sending in rural correspondence about happenings in his local area.

In 1894, Moore started at the University of Chicago with advanced academic standing. While studying there, he became a socialist, and helped form the Vegetarian Eating Club at the university, serving as president in 1895 and the following year as purveyor; he was also vice president of the university's prohibition club.

Moore was an influential member of the Chicago Vegetarian Society and the Humanitarian League, a British radical advocacy group; under his direction, he modelled the Society as an American version of the League. In 1895, Moore delivered a speech in front of the society, published in the same year as Why I Am a Vegetarian, in which he explained his reasoning for not eating meat. A month after the speech, Moore took first honors in the University of Chicago Prohibition Club's annual oratory contest for his oration "The Scourge of the Republic". That April, he represented the university at the state prohibition contest in Wheaton, Illinois, again winning first honors. He went on to win first honors at the national contest in Cleveland. In a newspaper profile, Moore was described as a passionate supporter of women's suffrage, with curly hair and soulful eyes.

Moore graduated in April 1896, earning an A.B. degree in zoology. That summer, he accepted the chair of sociology at Wisconsin State University, lecturing on the topic of social progress, before continuing to teach at the university.

In 1898, Moore was given a full-page column in the Chicago Vegetarian, the Chicago Vegetarian Society's journal, which started in 1896; this increased his influence on the society and its overall message. In the same year, Moore started teaching at Crane Technical High School; he retained this position for the remainder of his life, while also teaching at other schools in Chicago, including Calumet High School and Hyde Park High School.

In 1899, he married Jennie Louise Darrow (1866–1955), in Racine, Wisconsin. She was an elementary school teacher, a fellow advocate for animal rights and vegetarianism, and the sister of renowned lawyer Clarence Darrow. The couple soon returned to Chicago.

Later life and career

In 1899, Moore published his first book, Better-World Philosophy, to mixed reviews. In the book, he expressed a longing to change how humans perceive the world and his view that all beings are interconnected. Moore argued that sentience is a requirement for ethics and that because non-human animals have this capacity, ethical consideration should be extended to them. The book was endorsed by Lester F. Ward and David S. Jordan. It also brought Moore to the attention of Henry S. Salt, the founder of the Humanitarian League, and author of Animals' Rights Considered in Relation to Social Progress, who wrote a favorable review of the book. Sustained efforts were made by the League and its allies, including the publisher G. Bell & Sons and The Animals' Friend, to promote and distribute Moore's works in Britain. Following the review, Salt began a correspondence with Moore that developed into a strong friendship.

Moore was a fierce critic of American imperialism and America's actions in the Philippine–American War, publishing an article entitled "America's Apostasy", in 1899.

Moore published The Universal Kinship in 1906. In the book, he explored the physical, psychical and ethical relationship between humans and other animals, arguing that all beings possess rights, and that the Golden Rule should be apply to all beings. The book received several favourable reviews. It was endorsed by Mark Twain, Jack London, Eugene V. Debs, and Mona Caird. Henry S. Salt, later described the book as the "best ever written in the humanitarian cause." Salt and Moore worked together to popularize Moore's doctrine within the humane movement; this was largely unsuccessful.

Moore was a close friend of May Walden Kerr, the wife of Charles H. Kerr—the publisher of many of Moore's books. Following the Kerr's divorce in 1904, Moore and Walden continued their correspondence and from time to time Moore and his wife vacationed with Walden and her daughter.

In November 1906, Moore's speech "The Cost of a Skin" sparked controversy at the American Humane Association's convention. In the speech, Moore denounced wearing fur and feathers for fashion as "conscienceless and inhumane". The audience reaction was mixed, with some applauding enthusiastically and others remaining silent; two women left the room before the speech was finished. The speech was later published as a chapter in The New Ethics (1907) and as a pamphlet by the Animals' Friend Society of London.

In 1907, Moore published, to acclaim, The New Ethics, in which he explored the expansion of ethics based on the biological implications of Darwin's theory of evolution. Moore accepted the challenge of changing anthropocentric perceptions, arguing that while such views have developed over the course of generations, both individuals and societies are in a state of constant growth and evolution. He expressed confidence that humans would evolve past their current stage of selfishness.

As well as his work as a high school teacher and author, Moore gave frequent lectures on vegetarianism, the humane treatment of animals, anti-vivisectionism, evolution and ethics. He also authored articles and pamphlets for humane organizations and journals, including the Chicago Vegetarian Society, Humanitarian League, Millennium Guild, Massachusetts SPCA, American Anti-Vivisection Society, and American Humane Association. Moore additionally wrote in support of the temperance movement, and humane education.

In 1908, Moore taught courses on elementary zoology, physiographic ecology and the evolution of domestic animals at the University of Chicago for three quarters. In October of that year, Moore endorsed Eugene V. Debs' presidential run, giving a speech in front of the Young People's Socialist League. In the following year, he denounced Theodore Roosevelt and his hunting expedition to Africa, describing Roosevelt as having "done more in the last six months to dehumanise mankind than all the humane societies can do to counteract it in years."

In 1909, a law was passed in Illinois prescribing teaching of morals in public schools for 30 minutes each week. Contrary to his fellow teachers, Moore was pleased by the law and began preparing supporting educational materials. He published Ethics and Education, in 1912, as an aid for teachers who were having trouble implementing the new educational requirements. Before the book's publication, Moore sparked controversy when he made available extracts of the book which were critical of the courts and marriage. In an interview, Moore defended the content of the book, inviting the board of education to investigate him if necessary. In the same year, he published High-School Ethics: Book One, which was intended to form the first part of a four-year high school course covering theoretical and practical ethics and covered a variety of topics including the ethics of school life; properly caring for pets; women's rights; birds; where sealskin, ivory and other animal products are sourced from; and good habits. Moore also published a pamphlet titled The Ethics of School Life, which was based on a lesson that Moore gave to high-school students.

Moore wrote to Salt on 25 March 1911 about his experience of depression and a breakdown from overwork. He told Salt that the books he had written might not result in much, but that he felt he put a lot of effort into producing them.

In February 1912, a meeting of the Schoolmasters' Club of Chicago, of which Moore was a member, was disrupted because they did not agree with his views; Moore responded: "I am a radical and a socialist, but I do not allow my radicalism nor my socialism to enter into my teachings."

Moore delivered a speech at the International Anti-vivisection and Animal protection Congress, held in Washington D.C, in 1913; in the speech, he claimed that vivisection and the consumption of meat are both a product of anthropocentrism and that Darwin's On the Origin of Species had made any notion of human superiority or uniqueness untenable and ethically indefensible.

Moore opposed the Chicago Board of Education's move to stop teaching sex hygiene, between 1913 and 1914. He wrote a letter to the board in favor of teaching the topic. In January 1914, Moore gave a speech on the topic in Chicago, at Hull House. The Board later dropped the change.

In 1914, Moore published The Law of Biogenesis: Being Two Lessons on the Origin of Human Nature, which consisted of lectures developed for lessons at Crane Technical High School, describing the mental and physical features of biogenesis—the process of how beings repeat the evolutionary development of their ancestors.

Moore published Savage Survivals in 1916, a compilation of his lectures delivered at Crane Technical High School. Made-up of five sections covering the evolution and survival of domesticated animals, the savage ancestry of humans and an analysis from an ethical perspective of those surviving traits in humans considered to be civilized.

In June 1916, Moore published an article critical of religion, entitled "The Source of Religion", describing it as "an anachronism today, with our science and understanding". Moore's last book, The Life of Napoleon, was finished, but not published.

Death
On June 17, 1916, at the age of 53, Moore died after shooting himself in the head with a revolver on Wooded Island in Jackson Park, Chicago. He had visited the island regularly to observe and study birds. Moore had struggled for many years with a long illness and chronic pain from an abdominal operation, in 1911, for gallstones. He had also expressed continuing despondency at human indifference towards the suffering of their fellow animals. In a suicide note found on his body by a police officer, he had written: "The long struggle is ended. I must pass away. Good-by. Oh, men are so cold and hard and half conscious toward their suffering fellows. Nobody understands. O my mother, and O my little girl! What will become of you? And the poor four-footed! May the long years be merciful! Take me to my river. There, where the wild birds sing and the waters go on and on, alone in my groves, forever. O, Tess, forgive me. O, forgive me, please!"Moore's death was ruled a suicide, due to a "temporary fit of insanity". His grief-stricken wife requested that Moore's body be cremated and his ashes sent to Mobile County, Alabama, to be buried in the land near Moore's river. His brother-in-law, Clarence Darrow, who was devastated by Moore's death, delivered a eulogy at his funeral, describing him as a "dead dreamer" who had died while "suffering under a temporary fit of sanity"; the eulogy was later published. Contrary to his wife's request, Moore's remains were returned to his old home near Cawker City, and he was buried in Excelsior Cemetery, Mitchell County, Kansas.

Legacy
An obituary published soon after Moore's death, in the Chicago Tribune, labelled Moore a misanthrope. The obituary in the Humanitarian League's journal The Humanitarian, described Moore, in much more positive terms, as "one of the most devoted and distinguished humanitarians with whom the League has had the honor of being connected." Louis S. Vineburg, who encountered Moore in early 1910 at a Young People's Socialist League lecture, later published a personal recollection in the International Socialist Review.

Henry S. Salt, Moore's long-time friend, felt that Moore had good reason for his suicide and was scornful of how timidly his death was covered in the majority of English animal advocacy journals. Salt dedicated his 1923 book The Story of My Cousins to Moore and in his 1930 autobiography Company I Have Kept, he reflected on the strength of their friendship, despite the fact that they never met in person. A selection of Moore's letters to Salt was included in the appendix of the 1992 edition of The Universal Kinship (edited by Charles R. Magel).

Jack London, who had endorsed The Universal Kinship, and in his personal copy of the book marked the passage: "All beings are ends; no creatures are means. All beings have not equal rights, neither have all men; but all have rights", was greatly moved by Moore's death, writing at the head of a printed copy of Darrow's eulogy for Moore's funeral: "Disappointment like what made Wayland (Appeal to Reason) kill himself and many like me resign."

Due to the promotion and dissemination efforts of the Humanitarian League, G. Bell & Sons and The Animals Friend, Moore's views were generally more widely accepted and readily embraced in Britain compared to the United States.

Contemporary reception
Moore has been recognized as an early, but neglected, advocate for ethical vegetarianism. Rod Preece described Moore's ethical vegetarian advocacy as "ahead of his time", as it appears to not have had "any direct influence on the American intelligentsia." He also highlighted Moore, along with Thomas Hardy and Henry S. Salt, as writers before World War I, who connected Darwinian evolution with animal ethics.

Moore's ethical approach has been compared to Albert Schweitzer and Peter Singer, with Moore's views identified as anticipating Singer's analysis of speciesism. Donna L. Davey asserts that: "The recurring themes of Moore's works are today the foundation of the modern animal-rights movement." James J. Copp describes Moore as "one of the leading activists in the ethical treatment of animals in the early twentieth century." Bernard Unti argues that Moore's The Universal Kinship sets him apart as the "first American intellectual in the realm of animal rights." Animal rights activist Henry Spira cited Moore as an example of a leftist who wasn't uncomfortable about advocating for animal rights.

Simon Brooman and Debbie Legge argue that Moore "correctly predicted that the way in which animals were treated in his time would come to be regarded as purely anthropocentric exercises of human dominion to be replaced, in large part, by a new philosophy which recognises the 'unity and consanguinity' of all organic life." The environmental historian Roderick Nash argues that both Moore and Edward Payson Evans, "deserve more recognition than they have received as the first professional philosophers in the United States to look beyond anthropocentrism."

Gary K. Jarvis argues that unlike the British humanitarian movement, the American movement had never successfully taken hold and that following Ernest Crosby's death, in 1907, Moore had represented the remainder of the movement, which meant that his death effectively ended it; Jarvis also contends that World War I was what ultimately brought the end to the wider humanitarian movement. Jarvis also challenges the labelling of Moore as a misanthrope, arguing that Moore's criticism of anthropocentrism and Western civilization for promoting it was incorrectly perceived as misanthropic.

Selections of Moore's works were included in Jon Wynne-Tyson's 1985 book, The Extended Circle: A Dictionary of Humane Thought. Mark Gold cited Moore and Henry S. Salt as the two main inspirations for his 1995 book, Animal Rights: Extending the Circle of Compassion.

Criticism
Moore's last published book, Savage Survivals, has been criticized as an example of scientific racism by the prehistoric archaeologist Robin Dennell. Mark Pittenger argues that Moore's racism was influenced by Herbert Spencer's The Principles of Sociology and that similar views were held by contemporary American socialists. Gary K. Jarvis describes Moore as a critic of social Darwinism, asserting: "Moore argued that social Darwinists derived their beliefs from the worst examples that evolution offered, not the best."

Pamphlets

 * A Race of Somnambulists (Mount Lebanon, N.Y.: Lebanon Press, 1890)
 * Why I Am a Vegetarian: An Address Delivered before the Chicago Vegetarian Society (Chicago: Frances L. Dusenberry, 1895)
 * America's Apostasy (Chicago: The Ward Waugh Company, 1899)
 * Clerical Sportsmen: A Protest Against the Vacation Pastime of Ministers of the Gospel (Chicago: Chicago Vegetarian)
 * The Cost of a Skin (London: Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society)
 * The Logic of Humanitarianism
 * Humane Teaching in Schools (London: Animals' Friend Society, 1911)
 * The Care of Illegitimate Children in Chicago (Chicago: Juvenile Protective Association of Chicago, 1912)
 * The Ethics of School Life: A Lesson Given at the Crane Technical High School, Chicago, in Accordance with the Law Requiring the Teaching of Morals in the Public Schools of Illinois (London: G. Bell & Sons, 1912)

Translations

title: J. Howard Moore


text:
Cookbook talk:Sausage

This module used text adapted from the public domain US Department of Agriculture article FOCUS ON: Sausages.

-

This article could really benefit from more breadth. From the British point of view, there are two particularly glaring omissions:

 * Blood Sausages (Boudin Noir/Black Pudding; half cooked?)
 * Haggis

Unfortunately I don't have the specific knowledge of how these are made to make the changes myself.

Two points: 1) very US-centric 2)"Fresh Pork Sausages - May not contain pork byproducts" BUT THAT'S THE POINT OF SAUSAGE! I may add a family recipe for pork sausage made of Boston Butt later. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:23, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Cookbook talk:Sausage


text:
Wikipedia:Suspected copyright violations/2012-07-10

2012-07-10 (Suspected copyright violations)

 * — Radeas productions. MadmanBot reporting at 00:01, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Cut and paste move fixed. MER-C 13:13, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * — Super Top Model ♂, Cycle 1. MadmanBot reporting at 00:31, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
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 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Cut and paste move fixed by investigator or others. Hut 8.5 11:39, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * — Private company marketplace. MadmanBot reporting at 03:20, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
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 * Symbol redirect vote.svg Article redirected to non-infringing article. Hut 8.5 11:39, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

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 * — http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1533.htm. MadmanBot reporting at 05:37, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
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 * — You Love The Thunder. MadmanBot reporting at 07:24, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
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 * — http://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0071.HTM. MadmanBot reporting at 09:05, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * — Conscious Leadership. MadmanBot reporting at 10:17, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * — http://www.powerpresskits.com/PPKs/print.aspx?PPK=4444. MadmanBot reporting at 11:46, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * — 1911 Hungarian Men Water Polo Championship. MadmanBot reporting at 11:55, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Article used as template, no action needed. Hut 8.5 17:14, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

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 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Article cleaned by investigator or others. No remaining infringement. Hut 8.5 17:14, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * — http://svpm.edu.in/html/about_svpm.html. MadmanBot reporting at 14:28, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Article cleaned by investigator or others. No remaining infringement. --MER-C 13:12, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * — http://www.adoptifrs.org/CountryDescription.aspx?CID=9. MadmanBot reporting at 14:53, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Symbol redirect vote.svg Article redirected to non-infringing article. Hut 8.5 17:14, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * — Troy Kurtis. MadmanBot reporting at 15:01, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * — http://delatorredesign.com/about.html. MadmanBot reporting at 15:06, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
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 * — Arctic Ocean operations of World War II. MadmanBot reporting at 18:28, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Pictogram voting keep.svg Cut and paste move fixed by investigator or others. Hut 8.5 19:20, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * — Eragon. MadmanBot reporting at 20:00, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * — http://www.iebctg.org.bd/aboutus.php. MadmanBot reporting at 20:17, 10 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Statistics/Introduction/What is Statistics

''Your company has created a new drug that may cure arthritis. How would you conduct a test to confirm the drug's effectiveness?''

''The latest sales data have just come in, and your boss wants you to prepare a report for management on places where the company could improve its business. What should you look for? What should you not look for?''

''You and a friend are at a baseball game, and out of the blue he offers you a bet that neither team will hit a home run in that game. Should you take the bet?''

''You want to conduct a poll on whether your school should use its funding to build a new athletic complex or a new library. How many people do you have to poll? How do you ensure that your poll is free of bias? How do you interpret your results?''

''A widget maker in your factory that normally breaks 4 widgets for every 100 it produces has recently started breaking 5 widgets for every 100. When is it time to buy a new widget maker? (And just what is a widget, anyway?)''

These are some of the many real-world examples that require the use of statistics. How would you approach the problem statements? There are some stepwise human algorithms, but is there a general problem statement?

 * "Find possible solutions, decide on a solution, plan the solution, implement the solution, learn from the results for future solutions (or re-solution)."
 * "SOAP - subjective - the problem as given, objective - the problem after examination, assessment - the better defined problem, plan - decide if guidelines to management already exist, and blueprint the solution for this case, or generate a risk-minimizing, new solution path".
 * "HAMRC - hypothesis, aim, methodology, results, conclusion" - the concept that there is no real difference is the null hypothesis.

Then there is the joke that compares the different ways of thinking:

"A physicist, a chemist and a statistician were working collaboratively on a problem, when the wastepaper basket spontaneously combusted (they all swore they had stopped smoking). The chemist said, 'quick, we must reduce the concentration of the reactant which is oxygen, by increasing the relative concentration of non-reactive gases, such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Place a fire blanket over the flames.' The physicist, interjected, 'no, no, we must reduce the heat energy available for activating combustion ; get some water to douse the flame'. Meanwhile, the statistician was running around lighting more fires. The others asked with alarm, 'what are you doing?'. 'Trying to get an adequate sample size'."

General Definition
Statistics, in short, is the study of data. It includes descriptive statistics (the study of methods and tools for collecting data, and mathematical models to describe and interpret data) and inferential statistics (the systems and techniques for making probability-based decisions and accurate predictions).

Etymology
As its name implies, statistics has its roots in the idea of "the state of things". The word itself comes from the ancient Latin term statisticum collegium, meaning "a lecture on the state of affairs". Eventually, this evolved into the Italian word statista, meaning "statesman", and the German word Statistik, meaning "collection of data involving the State". Gradually, the term came to be used to describe the collection of any sort of data.

Statistics as a subset of mathematics
As one would expect, statistics is largely grounded in mathematics, and the study of statistics has lent itself to many major concepts in mathematics: probability, distributions, samples and populations, the bell curve, estimation, and data analysis.

Up ahead
Up ahead, we will learn about subjects in modern statistics and some practical applications of statistics. We will also lay out some of the background mathematical concepts required to begin studying statistics.


text:
Talk:David Shore

I seen your last 2 episode of Good Doctor where Dr. Glassman is going to lay low in Paradise, MT. I am from Paradise and was extremely flattered to see my little town on a highly watched popular t.v. show!! Your depiction of our little town was so far off it was comical. 😀 That little town is 3 town blocks wide and 6 town blocks long population in city limits is about 150. It used to be a booming railroad town one of the biggest railstations for Burlington Northern in the Western United States. You probably put her on the map. Since BN left Paradise in the 80's our beloved Paradise has become dilapidated and falling in on itself. I thought maybe you might have a little influence and a pocket full of change you could throw some paint and some nails and a tree trimmer through there. There is one business that operates there an American Legion that burned a handful of years ago and through bbqs and donations were able to rebuild enough to open for business but not complete. There are no traffic lights and town is about a quarter mile long. About 8 years ago they closed old brick school house bc there were only 5 students left.They turned it into a beautiful museum that tells about the history of the railroad.. It is a special special place. I had always counted my blessing for being born in the U.S. and getting to live in what was truly a Paradise. I went to PGS school, my kids went to that school. My class mates became teachers and taught my kids there...we even had one mutual teacher. If there is anything you could do to shine it up a bit would be so kind and appreciated by everyone There! There is a grand hot springs restort about 3 miles out of town for lodging. Quinn Hot Springs and Resort.

Shore Z Productions - "House" Closing Credits Screen / Company Logo
Being one of a curious nature I couldn't help but try, without success, to determine what is actually represented in the "House" TV show closing credits screen when a Shore Z Productions company logo is presented. It would appear misspelled text, perhaps in the handwriting of a child, resides behind the company logo. Is anyone aware as to the nature/meaning of such text? As I am sure some are aware, similar tidbits are present, in the "white" screen at the end of the TV show "Two And A Half Men". I apologize if my request is not per website guidelines as I am unaware of such criteria. Thank you for your time. Tony Dakin<IP_ADDRESS> 04:48, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

Hero worship
He therefore conceived of a hero similar to the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes—although many who know him well have suggested the character also bears resemblances to himself, and the final character is not entirely dissimilar from Dr. Ben Gideon, hero of Attanasio's previous television misstep, Gideon's Crossing, although Shore's hero was much more acerbic. That hero was Dr. Gregory House, hero of House, M.D. 5 "hero"es in 2 sentences? Needs rewrite. --Quoth nevermore 00:42, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

 * And who is it exactly who says House resembles him? garik (talk) 13:52, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:David Shore