text:
Arbeitskreis Börse

The Arbeitskreis Börse (abbreviated AKB or AK Boerse) is a non-profit organization located in Mannheim (Germany), focused on investment banking, capital markets, consulting and start-up companies within the financial technology sector. It is the oldest financial association led by students in Germany and with over 1,300 members among the largest student organizations in Germany. The Arbeitskreis Börse is dedicated to connect students interested in financial markets associated with worldwide banks and consulting firms. These include Bank of America Merrill Lynch, EQT AB and McKinsey It is organized first and foremost by students of the University of Mannheim but is receiving increasing support from students of other tertiary establishments in Mannheim.

History
The Arbeitskreis Börse was founded in response to a perceived gap in the services provided by student societies at the University of Mannheim. Students interested in the stock exchange and financial markets, that sought to actively participate in capital markets did not have the opportunity to do so whilst engaging on campus as no such opportunity had yet been offered. Therefore, a small group of students independently organized an evening event within the university with the aim of creating a platform for students interested in the financial markets. Supported by the University this group developed into a non-profit association which was registered by the city of Mannheim on November 6, 1984.

Corresponding with positive developments within financial markets, membership within the Arbeitskreis Börse steadily grew to exceed 1,000 students within a few years. Through their stock market analysis and research papers, the Arbeitskreis Börse rapidly became well known throughout the Rhine-Neckar area, which led to global investment banks and consulting firms taking notice of the Arbeitskreis Börse. At the University of Mannheim the lecture series "Semester Program of the Arbeitskreis Börse" was established and the Arbeitskreis Börse focused on building partnerships with financial institutions within the European financial hubs, London and Frankfurt in the following years. To satisfy external requests the "Kreis der Freunde und Förderer des AKB" was founded in October 1988, an association that could be joined by everyone interested in the Arbeitskreis Börse.

Today the Arbeitskreis Börse is the largest finance association run by students in Germany and the largest student society at the University of Mannheim. The Arbeitskreis Börse still provides the same extensive semester program and within the framework of their lectures they attract renowned speakers from both the world's investment banks and consulting firms. While doing this the students of the University of Mannheim get the chance to develop business contacts at several networking events.

Organization
As a student initiative, the Arbeitskreis Börse is mainly organized by students of the University of Mannheim in addition to several students from other tertiary establishments in Mannheim. In June, the Arbeitskreis Börse annually appoints its new leading team and executive board. The team is made up of the heads of five resorts: member management, event management, IT, marketing and social events. The executive board consists of five additional students who are responsible for resort management, finances, working groups, semester programme, special events, contacts to the university, developments of the Arbeitskreis Börse as an association, premium partners and other cooperation partners.

The Arbeitskreis Börse is supported by external partners, including Oliver Wyman, BCG, Bank of America Merrill Lynch, KPMG, PwC as well as the Mannheim Business School and alumni.

Activities and semester program
The Arbeitskreis Börse attempts to form a direct link between the theoretical frameworks covered in academic studies and the practical application of these within a company. During each semester various events are organized on Mannheim's main campus - the Mannheim Palace in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Firstly topical lectures are held by renowned individuals from within the financial or consulting industry, these have for instance included Armin von Falkenhayn, Head of Global Corporate and Investment Banking Germany at Bank of America Merrill Lynch; Dr. Marcus Schenk, Chief Financial Officer at Deutsche Bank: Christian Zorn, Head of Investment Banking Germany at Morgan Stanley and Frank Mattern, former CEO at McKinsey & Co. Occasionally representatives of other industries such as Kurt Bock, CEO at BASF SE, are invited to hold such lectures. Secondly, several company workshops as well as student work groups are conducted to support Mannheim students aspiring a career in the financial sector. Within these lectures, the various companies prepare case studies that provide insight into their structure and everyday work environment. Following these lectures, the audience is able to discuss specific topics with top tier personalities and get to know company recruiters as well as employees.

The companies that have held lectures or offered workshops during the past years in cooperation with the Arbeitskreis Börse are banks such as Bank of America Merrill Lynch banks such as Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs, J. P. Morgan, Credit Suisse, Commerzbank, Fidelity, Deutsche Bank, Barclays, Royal Bank of Scotland, Lazard, N M Rothschild & Sons, UBS, RBC Capital Markets, Leonardo & Co. and Jefferies, the central banks European Central Bank and Deutsche Bundesbank in addition to consulting firms such as Bain & Company, Boston Consulting Group, McKinsey & Co., Roland Berger Strategy Consultants, PricewaterhouseCoopers, L.E.K. Consulting, strategy&, KPMG and Oliver Wyman. Further cooperating companies are Ernst & Young, Perella Weinberg Partners, The Blackstone Group, 3I, Fresenius and BASF SE.

Lectures
In cooperation with several company partners the Arbeitskreis Börse organizes an extensive lecture series every semester, composed of up to 12 company presentations and technical lectures concerned with current topics from the financial community and industry. To do so, companies from the fields of investment banking, asset management, consulting and auditing are invited to create a thought provoking presentation that explores various points of view. The lectures demonstrate relationships between the latest case studies and theoretical foundations from academia as well as findings from their business applications. At the following get-together with snacks and drinks students have the opportunity to get in personal contact with the speakers, to discuss specialist topics and ask questions regarding internships and career options.

Workshops
Similar to this, the Arbeitskreis Börse, in cooperation with company partners organises numerous workshops every semester. Case studies offer a rare opportunity to gain better insight into specific business divisions and to analyse complex business matters. After the presentation of results, students come into contact with employees and are able ask specific questions and acquire information about a potential career within these companies. Getting to know preferences and strengths during the workshops makes it easier for a single business division or a certain enterprise to make a decision.

Working groups
Another task of the Arbeitskreis Börse is to transmit knowledge in Excel and Bloomberg and to encourage active discussions with problems from the area of finance industry and management consultancy. Students can meet weekly to acquire and deepen fundamental knowledge in the respective subject areas under instruction from experienced Alumni to be optimally prepared for internships and entry into the workforce. To advanced students, a platform to discuss highly demanding problems is offered. The knowledge acquired in the working groups is indispensable for future entry into financial business.

Social events
During each semester, numerous social events take place, which promote cohesion among members and help familiarise students with recently joined fellow students as well provide a temporary escape from stressful university life. Thus the students become part of a large community that outlasts their time at university and allows Alumni to return to Mannheim annually.

2022

 * May 2022: Insights into VC (Visionaries Club)
 * March 2022: How to break into Private Equity (PER)
 * October 2022: Insight Consulting (Bain & Company)
 * March 2022: Virtual look into financial advisory (Lazard)

2021

 * April 2021: PE in Covid (EQT)
 * May 2021: Digital business building (McKinsey & Company)
 * October 2021: Company presentation (Bank of America Merrill Lynch)
 * October 2021: Ein Tag als Restrukturierungsberater/in (FTI Andersch)

2020

 * November 2020: Company presentation (Barclays)
 * October 2020: Zukunft von Banken (Deutsche Bank)
 * October 2020: Autonomous driving (Bain & Company)
 * September 2020: Virtual Networking (PJT Partners)

2019

 * May 2019: Artificial intelligence (Bain & Company)

2016

 * November 2016: The Future of Banking – the shape of things to come (Oliver Wyman)
 * September 2016: Bainlecture - an introduction in the private equity industry, current challenges, and key takeaways (Bain & Company)
 * September 2016: Mobile Banking of the Future (Deutsche Bank)
 * May 2016: The Future of Banking (PricewaterhouseCoopers)

2015

 * November 2015: Regulation of domestic markets: overview of current developments and influences of the regulation of banking business concepts (Bain & Company)
 * November 2015: Monetary policy of the European Central Bank during banking and financial crisis (European Central Bank)
 * October 2015: Stakeholder-Management as a success factor for financial restructuring (KPMG)
 * September 2015: Panel discussion: Structural changes in financial industries (Deutsche Bank)
 * March 2015: Caution vs. Vision - German medium-sized businesses: Quo vadis? (Commerzbank)
 * March 2015: Strategy through Execution - An integrated Consulting Offering (PricewaterhouseCoopers)
 * March 2015: Price stability: Making sure it does happen in the euro area (European Central Bank)

2014

 * November 2014: Retail Bank of the Future (Bain & Company)
 * November 2014: INDUSTRY 4.0 – The new industrial revolution (Roland Berger Strategy Consultants)
 * October 2014: "The right Exit": The Strategist`s view on M&A in turbulent times (Boston Consulting Group)
 * April 2014: Success factors with Mergers & Acquisitions from the perspective of BASF (Kurt Bock, BASF SE)
 * March 2014: Fiscal Politics during the Financial Crisis of 2008 (Deutsche Bundesbank)

2013

 * October 2013: The New Normal for Banking in Europe: Green Shoots, Higher Rates and Greater Regulation (Bank of America Merrill Lynch)
 * September 2013: ECM: IPO of Equant (Morgan Stanley)
 * September 2013: Daimler/ EADS Accelerated Buyout (Goldman Sachs)
 * September 2013: 8 Billion Business Opportunities – Economic prospects of population growth (Roland Berger Strategy Consultants)
 * March 2013: Theory meets practice: business valuation at the example of Volkswagen AG (PricewaterhouseCoopers)

2012

 * October 2012: European Banking Industry - 4 Years After Lehman, Where Do We Go From Here? (Bank of America Merrill Lynch)
 * October 2012: IPO 2.0 - Introduction to an IPO Process and Recent Changes (Morgan Stanley)
 * September 2012: No strategy, no turnaround (BCG)
 * April 2012: Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa – Perspectives of an Early Mover (Roland Berger Strategy Consultants)
 * March 2012: Adjustments to climate change (McKinsey & Company)

2011

 * October 2011: VW/Porsche: Dissecting Complexity (Morgan Stanley)
 * September 2011: Enabling a strong risk culture in banking (Boston Consulting Group)
 * May 2011: "Residential Mortgage backed Securities" (Royal Bank of Scotland)
 * March 2011: "Winning in a volatile world." (McKinsey & Co.)
 * March 2011: "Complex Business Problems" (former Booz & Company, today Strategy&)
 * March 2011: "Are today's loan markets foreseeing a change?" (Jefferies)

2010

 * November 2010: Commercial Due Diligence in Private Equity - How to identify the good deals (Bain & Company)
 * October 2010: "Project Victoria": Negotiating LBO terms during the Credit Crunch (N M Rothschild & Sons)
 * October 2010: Implications of the financial crisis on corporate finance services and recent developments (Credit Suisse)
 * September 2010: Accelerating out of the great recession (Boston Consulting Group)

2023

 * March 2023: Merger Modeling (Royal Bank of Canada)

2022

 * October 2022: Beer, Buy and Build (Waterland)
 * May 2022: How an early-stage *Venture Capital* thinks and makes investment decisions (Picus Capital)
 * May 2022: Private Debt (Strategy&)
 * October 2022: (J.P.Morgan)

2021

 * April 2021: Rise im Ferkelstall (FTI Andersch)
 * April 2021: Case (Strategy&)
 * October 2021: Private Equity (Waterland)
 * November 2021: M&A Workshop (Royal Bank of Canada)

2020

 * October 2020: Acquisition of tiffany&co (Bloomberg)
 * March 2020: 3D Mobility (Stern Stewart)
 * May 2020: Marketing Game (Boston Consulting Group)
 * November 2020: Trading Game (Citi-Group)

2019

 * March 2019: Artificial Intelligence in banking (Bain & Company)
 * May 2019: Green finance (HSBC)
 * October 2019: What will you create? (Morgan Stanley)
 * November 2019: Climate change (Oliver Wyman)

2018

 * October 2018: Asset management (BlackRock)

2017

 * October 2017: Capital markets (Citi-Group)

2016

 * May 2016: Negotiation (strategy&)
 * April 2016: Value Enhancement (Droege Group)
 * April 2016: Excel Workshop (KPMG
 * April 2016: Interview-Training (Boston Consulting Group)
 * March 2016: M&A-Workshop (Lazard)

2015

 * November 2015: IPO - the art of going public: From kick-off to ringing the bell (Commerzbank)
 * October 2015: Interview-Training (McKinsey & Co.)
 * October 2015: Corporate Finance (UBS)
 * September 2015: Share Economy (Boston Consulting Group)
 * April 2015: Business valuation, bidding and negotiation in a real-life M&A transaction (Leonardo & Co.)
 * April 2015: Take on the Challenge of Investment Banking (Jefferies)
 * March 2015: Success factor: project management (Bain & Company)

2014

 * November 2014: The Future of European Banking (Oliver Wyman)
 * October 2014: Trading Game (Royal Bank of Scotland)
 * October 2014: Women in Banking (Goldman Sachs)
 * October 2014: Change the game for a food company's activities in Africa (Boston Consulting Group)
 * October 2014: Simulation of a Competitive Auction Process (Perella Weinberg Partners)
 * April 2014: Wargaming (Roland Berger Strategy Consultants)
 * April 2014: Stock Picking 3.0: A practical guide to success with stocks + derivatives (Bank of America Merrill Lynch)
 * March 2014: Private Equity M&A: Actual Challenges in Modelling LBO Transactions (Blackstone)

2013

 * November 2013: Business valuation, bidding and negotiation in a real-life M&A transaction (Leonardo & Co.)
 * November 2013: Live Trading Simulation (Royal Bank of Scotland)
 * October 2013: Develop a Potential Strategic Response to the Structural Reforms of the Banking Sector (Oliver Wyman)
 * April 2013: Equities Sales & Trading (Bank of America Merrill Lynch)
 * April 2013: Strategic transaction consulting for private equity investors und industrial companies (L.E.K. Consulting)

2012

 * October 2012: A day in life of an investment banker: Mergers & Acquisitions case study (N M Rothschild & Sons)
 * October 2012: Pimp your product! (Roland Berger Strategy Consultants)
 * March 2012: Success by vitamin B (relationships) – Networking and Relationship Building (former booz&co., strategy&)

2011

 * May 2011: Discover the world of precious metals (Oliver Wyman)
 * May 2011: "Consulting is a role, not a job." (McKinsey & Company)

title: Arbeitskreis Börse


text:
Talk:beration

Surely this is a made-up word?

 * Looking at http://books.google.com/print?q=beration, I'm inclined to think it is a false-friend from Dutch or German (or both?) --Connel MacKenzie 22:18, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

 * It is a word; look up berate.

RFV discussion
Act of rebuking or scolding (from ?). I noticed how rare this seems to be while checking for existence of a plural. It does not appear in Chambers or Webster. Equinox ◑ 11:46, 26 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Cited × 2. Google Books gets so, so many scannos of this that the only way it was bearable to cite was to search for "self-beration"; so to demonstrate that it's also used on its own, I cited it from Google Groups (which obviously doesn't have the scanno problem). I've tagged it, by the way: the usual form is , which we somehow lack an entry for. —Ruakh TALK 13:50, 27 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Passed; striking; thanks, citer. —msh210℠ (talk) 16:11, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:beration


text:
Alexandra Abrahams

Alexandra Lilian Amelia Abrahams (born 13 July 1986) is a South African politician serving as a Member of the National Assembly since May 2019. She was appointed as Shadow Deputy Minister of Social Development in December 2020. Abrahams is a member of the Democratic Alliance.

Biography
Abrahams obtained an honours degree in political science from Stellenbosch University. She also has an undergraduate degree in international relations.

Abrahams joined the Democratic Alliance in 2009, when she became the assistant to the party's provincial campaign manager for that year's general election. Two years later, she found employment at the provincial Department of Social Development. She worked for the department until May 2019.

Abrahams was placed third on the DA's regional list for the general election on 8 May 2019. As a result of the DA's electoral performance, Abrahams was elected. She was sworn in as a Member of the National Assembly on 22 May 2019. As of 27 June 2019, she serves as an Alternate Member of the Portfolio Committee on Social Development.

In December 2020, the DA parliamentary leader, John Steenhuisen, appointed her to his shadow cabinet as Shadow Deputy Minister of Social Development. Abrahams was re-elected to Parliament in the 2024 general election. With the DA entering into a national coalition government with the ANC, Abrahams' tenure as Shadow Deputy Minister came to an end.

title: Alexandra Abrahams


text:
Антон

Etymology
.

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Alpha (A in the ICAO spelling alphabet)
 * 1) Alpha (A in the ICAO spelling alphabet)

Descendants

 * Transliterations

Etymology
From.

title: Антон


text:
Denver Athletic Club

The Denver Athletic Club, founded in 1884, is a private athletic and social club that is member-owned. Located in Downtown Denver, Colorado, United States. Residing in the historical 1325 Glenarm Place near the Colorado Convention Center, The DAC was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

History

Founded in 1884 and located in the heart of Denver, the Denver Athletic Club is one of the oldest and largest private city clubs in the United States. It is consistently ranked one of the top ten athletic clubs in the country and offers members everything they need to work, play, exercise, network and socialize.

The Denver Athletic Club's athletic facilities include a large fitness center, six racquetball courts, a squash center with seven courts, a full-size basketball/volleyball court, five group exercise studios, an indoor golf simulator and a 25-meter indoor swimming pool.

As a business center and networking facility, the DAC also has meeting and conference rooms, a grand ballroom, a sundeck and a brand-new luxury coworking space.

Members may enjoy access to a licensed childcare center, a full-service spa and wellness center, and social events.

While the amenities are exceptional, The Denver Athletic Club is set apart by its community. A member-owned club, The DAC is operated for the benefit of its membership.

The first home of The DAC was converted from the First Baptist Church on 18th near Curtis. It featured a gymnasium and a clubhouse with a large, handsome Denver Athletic Club sign on the front and with the purpose of "encouraging all proper athletic sports and pastimes of any kind and nature whatsoever". William D. Rathvon, is regarded as its founding father. Additionally, John Elitch, who would later open Elitch Gardens, is credited as helping "inspire" and organize the club.

In the fall of 1890, The DAC moved out of the small secondhand church into its new five-story building at the present location on the corner of 14th and Glenarm. On November 15, 1890, it opened an athletic field with a football game versus the University of Colorado. In 1900, a library was started and grew to hold over 8,000 titles. An addition was completed in 1892 and the 70-foot structure was one of the tallest buildings in Denver for several years, visible from every corner of the city center.

Further additions in the 1920s, 1970s, 1980s and 1990s transformed The DAC into the leading city club in the Rocky Mountain West. For over a century it has been a leader in both fitness and networking and has served at the forefront of Denver’s social scene.

title: Denver Athletic Club


text:
Sanchana Natarajan

Sanchana Natarajan is an Indian model and actress who has appeared in predominantly Tamil-language films. Having appeared in small roles in films including Irudhi Suttru (2016) and 2.0 (2018), Sanchana rose to fame with her role in Balaji Mohan's web series As I'm Suffering From Kadhal (2017).

Career
Sanchana completed her education at CSI Jessie Moses School in Anna Nagar, Chennai before going on to pursue a degree in Visual Communication from MOP Vaishnav College for Women. During her time at college, she became interested in the fashion industry and gained a working knowledge after interacting with models and designers from the fraternity, which led her to develop an affinity for modelling and acting. She walked the ramp for Chennai-based choreographers and designers including Sunil Menon, Srini Subramanian and Dalu; and went on to participate in the Miss South India pageant during 2012. In 2013, she partook in Raj TV's reality television show Tamil Pesum Kadhanayagi, which aimed to find the next best Tamil-speaking lead actress, and won first prize. As a result, Sanchana was offered the chance to make her acting debut through a pivotal role in Balaji Sakthivel's Ra Ra Rajasekhar. Despite beginning shoot in 2014, the film remains unreleased as a result of financial problems faced by the producers, Thirrupathi Brothers. Sanchana then appeared in a small role in Lakshmy Ramakrishnan's Nerungi Vaa Muthamidathe (2014) before working as an actress in YouTube videos and collaborated with Chennai-based entertainment channels, gaining attention for the "Dappangkuthu" video with Put Chutney. She later got introduced to director Balaji Mohan and worked with him on the short film, Jeeboomba. During the period, she also portrayed a small role of a boxing student in Sudha Kongara's bilingual Irudhi Suttru (2016) starring Madhavan and Ritika Singh. The success of the film prompted Sudha to cast her in the same role in the Telugu version, Guru (2017) starring Venkatesh, the following year.

In early 2017, Sanchana competed for the Femina Miss India 2017 title and finished in the top three finalists of the Tamil Nadu quotient. Sanchana made a breakthrough in her acting career after being cast in Balaji Mohan's web series As I'm Suffering From Kadhal (2017), which won positive reviews upon release. Portraying the role of Divya, who is in a live-in relationship with the character of Badri portrayed by Sananth, Sanchana garnered popularity through her performance and later described that she related to "90% of Divya's character". She has also shot for a small role in Shankar's science fiction film 2.0 (2018), where she filmed for scenes alongside Rajinikanth. She played a supporting role in Jagame Thanthiram.

title: Sanchana Natarajan


text:
Template:French exercises

EXERCISE • Exercise Appendix • •

SOLUTION • •

 * Add the following to both the lesson where the exercise goes and the appropriate section on this page. Replace [...] with the specified lesson info.

 * Example:

title: Template:French exercises


text:
Talk:Gowriprasad Jhala

More references
, Can you find me more references? -Nizil (talk) 07:17, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Sure. --Gazal world (talk) 07:19, 24 September 2019 (UTC)
 * (relevant information from Gujarātī sāhityano itihāsa ). --Gazal world (talk) 12:39, 24 September 2019 (UTC)

 * , Image has been added. Please add infobox, oclc and isbn etc. -Nizil (talk) 18:23, 9 February 2020 (UTC)

 * What Granthastha Gujarati Vagmay mean? Nizil (talk) 04:25, 10 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gowriprasad Jhala


text:
Kate Fleron

Kate Fleron Jacobsen (16 June 1909 – 5 March 2006) was a Danish journalist, editor and writer who, under the German occupation of Denmark in World War II, was a resistance fighter. A contributor to the clandestine paper Frit Danmark, she assisted key resistance members who worked underground. Arrested by the Gestapo in September 1944, she escaped from the Frøslev Prison Camp in April 1945, shortly before the Liberation of Denmark.

Early life
Born on 16 June 1909 in Copenhagen, Kate Fleron was the daughter of Waldemar Frederik Ferdinand Fleron Jacobsen (1869–1934) and Nonny Margrethe Bauditz (1885–1957). She was brought up in a well-to-do home in the Frederiksberg district of Copenhagen where her parents allowed her considerable independence. Following in the footsteps of her maternal grandfather, the editor Ferdinand Bauditz, she decided from an early age that she would become a journalist.

Career
On matriculating from Marie Kruse's School in 1928, she became an apprentice with Nordsjællands Venstreblad in Hillerød. In 1930, she joined the conservative paper Nationaltidende where she remained until 1942 when she was forced to leave for making unacceptable editorial changes. Working as a freelance journalist, she was successful in having her articles published in magazines. She published two books about young people, Afsporet Ungdom (1943) and Vi er Ungdommen (1943), presenting controversial views on sex and morals.

In December 1942, she was contacted by Ole Kiilerich, an earlier colleague who worked on the clandestine paper Frit Danmark (Free Denmark) Founded the previous April, it had become one of the country's leading anti-German publications. As several of those working on the paper had already been arrested and Kiilerich feared the same fate, he asked Fleron to take his place as a conservative contributor.

Her work consisted of assembling information and writing articles but, under the codename Frøken Krog, her duties soon extended to coordinating resistance members and parachuting groups. In spring 1944, she began editing Frit Danmark's weekly news sheet while she also published her book ''29. August 1943''.

Arrested by the Gestapo in September 1944, she escaped from the Frøslev Prison Camp in April 1945, shortly before the Liberation of Denmark. After the end of the occupation, she became a member of the Liberation Movement's Council which had replaced the Freedom Council. In 1945, she published the book Kvinder i Modstandskampen (Women in the Resistance Movement), underlining the important role women had played. She continued to edit Frit Danmark until it closed in 1982. Her political views veered from conservative to left wing.

Fleron was also active in the movement against the Vietnam War. In 1972, she received the PH-Prize for her anti-war activities.

Kate Fleron died on 5 March 2006 and is buried in Frederiksberg Ældre Kirkegård.

title: Kate Fleron


text:
Cookbook:Mussels in Onion and Butter Sauce (Moules Mariniere)

| Seafood | Mussel

Ingredients

 * 6 shallots, chopped
 * 1 clove of garlic
 * ¼ cup butter
 * ¼ cup dry sherry
 * ½ a bay leaf
 * 3 quarts scrubbed, bearded mussels
 * ¼ cup chopped parsley
 * Salt
 * Pepper

Procedure

 * 1) Sauté the shallots with the garlic clove in ¼ cup butter until golden.
 * 2) Place wine and bay leaf in a large skillet.
 * 3) Add the sautéed shallots and mussels, salt, and plenty of pepper.
 * 4) Agitate pan for 6–8 minutes on moderate-high heat. Allow mussels to cook evenly, removing them from the heat once the shells open.
 * 5) Discard any mussels that did not open.
 * 6) Pour mussels into heated bowls.
 * 7) Sprinkle with parsley and serve.


text:
Introduction to Complexity Theory

Introduction
Complexity theory is the study of the resources (especially computation time and memory) required by algorithms.

Learning Project Summary

 * Project code:
 * Suggested Prerequisites:
 * Students should be familiar with the concepts of deterministic and nondeterministic computation, and formal models of computation, such as finite state automata and Turing machines.
 * Students should also be familiar with the theory of formal languages
 * Time investment:
 * Assessment suggestions:
 * School: School of Computer science
 * Department: Institute for Complexity Theory
 * Stream
 * Level:

Goals
The introduction to complexity theory course will offer a comprehensive course in complexity theory.

Lessons

 * Lesson 1—Big O Algorithm Analysis
 * Lesson 2—Time Complexity
 * Lesson 3—Space Complexity and Savitch's Theorem

Tests and Quizzes

 * Quiz 1—Big O Quiz

Active participants
Please sign below if you are participating in this topic. Use 4 tildes (~) to sign.
 * Kinkydarkbird 03:35, 5 January 2009 (UTC)

title: Introduction to Complexity Theory


text:
Talk:Introduction to Programming/Variables

Too advanced?
If someone is truly new to programming, are they going to understand descriptions such as "a variable is ... a named location in memory"? Yes, this is a good description, but I'm not sure it will mean much to a complete newbie. I think that some of the simplicity of the content in the Introduction to Programming Logic/Lesson 1: Variables article should be combined into this one (and then deleted - that lesson is redundant). --James Tharpe 15:47, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Hmm. I'll look at this a little more closely. In this course I've been trying extra hard not to assume anything - because there should be a course that a complete neophyte can take (and this should be that course). I do want to make sure that people learn certain things though and the exact nature of a variable is fairly high on that list - I would rather that they have an exact understanding of its true nature right from the start so that it doesn't become a source of confusion or misunderstanding later. Dmclean 16:21, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

I went through the text and made an effort to expand, simplify and better order the material. We could use a non-technical reader here to tell us how we are doing. Comments anyone? Dmclean 17:37, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I'll get my girlfriend to read it :-). Good improvements, BTW. --James Tharpe 19:40, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

I added some information to the Byte section to make it relevant to the "Variables" content. The technical information on data type size could be consolidated to the "Part 2" page... or should they be combined? neither is very long. Pnguyen 07:19, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm leery about some of these changes. I definitely think that the Wikipedia article on data types is too advanced at this point. Dmclean 19:07, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree; we need to keep it general, but accurate. How does it seem now?  the removed text was simply commented; I'll remove it if this seems like what we want for this article. Pnguyen 20:00, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

I've restored the section on data types
The section on byte-usage in data types was removed for reasons of "inaccuracy". I agree that the information is not _entirely_ accurate; however, keeping in mind that this is a resource for beginners, I don't think it necessary to try to explain exactly why this information is inaccurate (only CS majors really care anyway, and it's quite trivial in the modern era of of 64-bit, dual core processors and 100GB RAM). I do, however, think it worth while to explain the data types in some depth in this article, although I do worry that this article is a bit too specific and overly complicated. We have to keep in mind that this among the first lessons in Intro to CS. AmiDaniel (talk) 18:31, 1 March 2007 (UTC)


text:
Myron B. Thompson Academy

Myron B. Thompson Academy, commonly referred to as Thompson Academy or MBTA, is an e-learning institution operating as a "New Century Public Charter School" under the Hawaii Department of Education. Thompson Academy is the result of a white paper study developed by the school's principal, Diana Oshiro, detailing the feasibility of a school delivered over the internet. Established in 1999 as Hawaii e-Charter, Thompson Academy is available to students across the state of Hawaii exclusively through the internet, as an alternative-of-choice to local schools. The school is currently accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.

Early beginnings
The concept for Thompson Academy predates the inception of Hawaii's E-School system. In 1994, state Assistant Superintendent Diana Oshiro began writing a white paper discussing the use of the internet as a medium to deliver courses. This white paper later went on to win a five-year grant from the US Department of Education and became what is now known as the Hawaii E-School system, the collaboration between the Hawaii Department of Education and US Department of Education to create, test, and provide supplemental courses over the internet.

Five years later, as the federal grant was concluding, those responsible for E-Schools began investigating the viability and sustainability of a virtual charter school, based on lessons learned from the project. From this investigation, the charter school started developing, with a statewide Hawaii e-Charter being brought to fruition in 1999 and being granted a charter by the Hawaii Department of Education in 2000.

In 2002, Hawaii e-Charter renamed itself Myron B. Thompson Academy, paying homage to Hawaii educator and former trustee of Kamehameha Schools, Myron "Pinky" B. Thompson. In that same year, the school began offering elementary education, for students entering kindergarten through grade six.

K–12 education
Thompson Academy provides two schools of education, a home school based elementary program and an online secondary program (high school).

Elementary education

 * Thompson Academy's K–6 division is a supported home school program. Families are provided a stipend for educational supplies and curriculum and are provided guidance in the education of their children.

Secondary education

 * Students in grades 7–12 are enrolled in the school's online, secondary education program. With course-content available exclusively over the internet, students progress their studies with a school provided laptop computer. Teachers located at the school's principal operating base in Honolulu administer courses, provide content guidance and other assistance to students, and track their continual progress in courses. The vast majority of students enrolled in the school are in this secondary education program.

Campuses
Although Thompson Academy is principally located in Honolulu (Oahu), the school has several satellite campuses where students can receive additional help and tutoring from site teachers and socialize with other students. Satellite campuses are located on the neighboring islands of Maui, the Big Island and Kauai.

Extracurricular activities
Thompson Academy provides a small number of extracurricular student activities, including:

 * Student Government
 * Athletics, including Basketball

Notable students

 * Bethany Hamilton, female professional surfer and shark attack survivor

title: Myron B. Thompson Academy


text:
User:Orcusnix/sandbox

GPR65 Sources List
Source 1: "Identification of a Putative G Protein-Coupled Receptor Induced during Activation-Induced Apoptosis of T Cells"

pH Sensing
Source 2: "TDAG8 Is a Proton-sensing and Psychosine-sensitive G-protein-coupled Receptor"

Source 3: "Identification of T Cell Death-associated Gene 8 (TDAG8) as a Novel Acid Sensing G-protein-coupled Receptor"

Source 4: "The G protein-coupled receptor T-cell death-associated gene 8 (TDAG8) facilitates tumor development by serving as an extracellular pH sensor"

Source 5: "Emerging roles for the pH-sensing G protein-coupled receptors in response to acidotic stress"

Ligands
Source 6: "Allosteric ligands for the pharmacologically dark receptors GPR68 and GPR65"

Misc.
Source 7: "Activation of T cell death-associated gene 8 regulates the cytokine production of T cells and macrophages in vitro"

Source 8: "The proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor T-cell death-associated gene 8 (TDAG8) shows cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction"

Source 9: "Increased expression of the proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor Gpr65 during retinal degeneration"

Source 10: "A potential role for the acid-sensing T cell death associated gene-8 (TDAG8) receptor in depression-like behavior"

Source 11: "Sensory neurons that detect stretch and nutrients in the digestive system"

GPR65 Article Evaluation
The article for GPR65 is listed as a stub, and as such, is very poorly developed as it has little to no information written about the protein. The only information it contains is basic information extracted from the human genome project. There are sources on the page, but the sources are just located at the bottom of the page with nothing written about them in the article itself above.

Potential articles to edit for BIOL 4970
1. Longitudinal fissure

2. Ganglion cell

3. Motor nerve

4. Sensory nerve

5. GPR65

Test citation.

title: User:Orcusnix/sandbox


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pesenti Family of Painters

The result was keep. Tone 21:51, 25 August 2020 (UTC)

Pesenti Family of Painters

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

An apparent WP:V fail. The lone source (in Italian) has, by my count, one reference to the "famiglia Pesenti". Pesenti (famiglia) exists in itwiki, but it is about 20th century businesspeople, not 16th century artists. This would be an interesting and notable article if it were verifiable, but I don't think it is. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 16:10, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Arts-related deletion discussions. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 16:10, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Italy-related deletion discussions. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 16:10, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of History-related deletion discussions. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 16:11, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Visual arts-related deletion discussions. Necrothesp (talk) 13:11, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Weak keep -- The output of each member of the family seems to be small, and none seem to have articles of their own, so that this might serve as a joint biography, but for it to be a useful article redirects from the individual members ought to be created.  Peterkingiron (talk) 17:17, 21 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notability of Pietro and Vincenzo is confirmed by ULAN . Other family members are more obscure but their existence & works are noted in Grasselli 1827, and a few other sources (e.g., Lamo, Alessandro, et al. 1774, Notizie istoriche de' pittori, scultori, ed architetti cremonesi: opera postuma; and Docci, Mario, Disegnare idee immagini n° 39/2009: Rivista semestrale del Dipartimento di Rappresentazione e Rilievo dell'Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza) mention the family. Ewulp (talk) 00:06, 24 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Comment. As consensus seems to be to keep (especially given the excellent research by ), could closer move this to Pesenti family (painting) or something similar? The capitalization looks wrong to me. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 17:49, 25 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Move Your Body (Marshall Jefferson song)

contradicts article
2601:646:201:57F0:D793:FF5E:60F3:9030 (talk) 03:21, 20 June 2024 (UTC)
 * 2024 Marshall Jefferson interview for DJ Mag
 * How We Made: Move Your Body in The Guardian
 * 2023 Marshall Jefferson interview for Point Blank Music School


text:
Pertti Ripatti

Pertti Justus Ripatti (31 May 1930 – 2 January 2016 ) was a Finnish diplomat and lawyer.

Ripatti was born in Viipuri. His father was Justus Ripatti, who served as a state mediator. Before his diplomatic career, he was from 1962 to 1977 employed in The Finnish Employers' Confederation and then in the Ministry of Finance.

He was a Finnish Ambassador to Kuwait from 1981 to 1985 and was accredited in 1982 to Abu Dhabi. He was an Ambassador to Caracas from 1985 to 1989 and to Kuala Lumpur from 1989 to 1992 and Consul to New York from 1992 to 1995.

He died in Westchester, United States, aged 85.

title: Pertti Ripatti


text:
Talk:Bodjie Dasig

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Bodjie Dasig. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120418032528/http://www.asianjournal.com/entertainment/83-entertainment/15175-bodjie-dasig-gone-too-soon-at-4.html to http://www.asianjournal.com/entertainment/83-entertainment/15175-bodjie-dasig-gone-too-soon-at-4.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:45, 22 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bodjie Dasig


text:
Python Programming/Scoping

Variables
Variables in Python are automatically declared by assignment. Variables are always references to objects, and are never typed. Variables exist only in the current scope or global scope. When they go out of scope, the variables are destroyed, but the objects to which they refer are not (unless the number of references to the object drops to zero).

Scope is delineated by function and class blocks. Both functions and their scopes can be nested. So therefore

Now when this code is tested,

The name 'bar' is not found because a higher scope does not have access to the names lower in the hierarchy.

It is a common pitfall to fail to assign an object to a variable before use. In its most common form:

Here, to correct this problem, one must add y = [] before the for loop executes.

A loop does not create its own scope:

Keyword global
Global variables of a Python module are read-accessible from functions in that module. In fact, if they are mutable, they can be also modified via method call. However, they cannot be modified by a plain assignment unless they are declared global in the function.

An example to clarify:

Links:
 * 6.13. The global statement, docs.python.org
 * What are the rules for local and global variables in Python? in Programming FAQ, docs.python.org

Keyword nonlocal
Keyword nonlocal, available since Python 3.0, is an analogue of global for nested scopes. It enables a nested function to assign-modify even an immutable variable that is local to the outer function.

An example:

Simulation of nonlocal in Python 2 via a mutable object:

Links:
 * 7.13. The nonlocal statement, docs.python.org

globals and locals
To find out which variables exist in the global and local scopes, you can use locals and globals functions, which return dictionaries:

Write access to locals dictionary is discouraged by the Python documentation.

Links:
 * 2. Built-in Functions # globals, docs.python.org
 * 2. Built-in Functions # locals, docs.python.org

title: Python Programming/Scoping


text:
Rogozikha

Rogozikha (Рогозиха) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Rogozikhinsky Selsoviet, Pavlovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 915 as of 2013. There are 15 streets.

Geography
Rogozikha is located 18 km southwest of Pavlovsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Buranovka is the nearest rural locality.

title: Rogozikha


text:
Cromby station

Cromby station was a former train station in the settlement of Cromby, Pennsylvania. It served as a station for the Pennsylvania Railroad. It was demolished in 1967.

title: Cromby station


text:
Template talk:Editnotices/Page/Wikipedia:WikiProject Guild of Copy Editors/Requests

Request description: These are instructions for the WikiProject Guild of Copy Editors requests page. We have a bot that is handling archiving for us and so need explicit instructions for human editors to make sure entries have the correct key terms and templates. Thanks from the GOCE team for implementing this. (BTW: it has been tested at WikiProject Guild of Copy Editors/RequestsIntro through an inputbox, but we want the edit notice to show for all edits to the page.) – Reidgreg (talk) 13:57, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Yes check.svg Done It takes up a lot of screen space. Might be better collapsed? Cabayi (talk) 14:11, 23 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I considered collapsing (or simpler boxes that have less headspace), but we get a lot of new editors, and the sections being edited are very short. I'm hoping it'll be alright, though may have to request refinements depending on feedback and results. Thanks for the quick response! – Reidgreg (talk) 14:49, 23 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
Category:Diaspora sports clubs

This category includes all notable sports clubs were founded to serve a particular ethnic or national community outside of that community's homeland, even if it is no longer exclusively diasporic in membership.

title: Category:Diaspora sports clubs


text:
Talk:Numerical Methods

Plans for this book
I think a WikiBook on Numerical Methods is a very good idea and was therefore happy to find that one had already been started. I notice that currently there is no content at all. Does someone already have plans for putting in content?

I will be teaching a course on Numerical Solutions of Differential Equations in the spring term and that will be a good opportunity for me to contribute. Gustav

title: Talk:Numerical Methods


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Elliði Vignisson

The result was keep. Sources found. (non-admin closure)  J 947(c) (m) 03:42, 28 September 2017 (UTC)

Elliði Vignisson

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Local mayor of a small municipality. Fails WP:GNG and doesn't meet WP:NPOL.  Onel 5969  TT me 19:37, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Politicians-related deletion discussions.  Onel 5969  TT me 19:37, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of People-related deletion discussions.  Onel 5969  TT me 19:38, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Iceland-related deletion discussions.  Onel 5969  TT me 19:38, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Keep - The article is horseshit but he is very well known in the country and a major player in its biggest political party. He's regulary in the nations major news outlets . Should pass WP:GNG with flying colors. Dammit_steve (talk) 20:18, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Speedy Keep' Notable as it says above.  Bobherry Userspace  Talk to me!   Stuff I have done  20:50, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Comment - I'm not too sure about the reliability and independence of some of those citations. #1 appears to be a simple rehash of a press release from the mayor, #2 is simply a reblog from the mayor's website, #3 is simple routine coverage of a local election, #4 is also simply a reblog from the mayor's website; #5 is a trivial mention; #6 is another reblog of his website; #7 is about a facebook discussion, really? – oh wait, it’s from Visir, which is a tabloid – hardly a reliable source; #8 is also another trivial mention. So of the 8, you have 2 trivial mentions, 1 non-reliable source, 1 routine local coverage, and 4 non-independent references.  Onel 5969  TT me 02:20, 20 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Some of the conclusions by Onel5969 are correct, while others are not. The conclusions on sources 2,3,4,6 & 7 are correct. On 7, your first conclusion is correct, but on the other hand source 7 is not from a tabloid.
 * Visir is one of the most visited news websites in iceland - source and is also well-trusted - source. In the second source, which is in Icelandic, the blue color in the graphs represent percentage of people who trust the media, where as the red color is for distrust.
 * Source 1 is about an survey of which candidate should be in first place of the Icelandic independance party. Source 5 is about transport issues, i.e. Elliði is an mayor on a small island, which has an ferry connection which was non-existant when the article was written.--Snaevar (talk) 01:15, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Comment/Question - Thanks for that - Obviously Icelandic is not my first language. How does this Vísir differ from the Vísir which merged with Dagblaðið?  Are they related?  If not, even if it is frequently visited, does that make it reliable?  The subject of the article does not make me think it leans to solid news stories, but more along the line of gossip.  Onel 5969  TT me 03:29, 21 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Comment Vísir.is is the website for Fréttablaðið, it is not related to the old Vísir. The old Vísir today would be Dagblaðið Vísir, or DV for short, which is more known for tabloid journalism. Those two stories from Vísir.is might not have been the best that I could have linked to I admit. The first is about the then financial minister and current prime minister Bjarni Benediktsson congratulating him on his landslide victory in the local election, the other is about comments about a controversy that rose about member of parlament's Smári McCarthy's alleged education (see more about that here here). Its author, Jakob Bjarna, tends to slide a fair bit towards tabloid journalism though, I'll concede to that. About the press qouting his blog (and social media), generally the press doesn't care to much about the opinions of run-of-the-mill small town mayors on national affairs but his are routenly featured in the nations major news outlets. They neither get called to a meeting with the prime minister on the day when a scandal brings down the goverement. If the consensus is that the above links are not enough, then I point out that there are alot more articles featuring him on the major Icelandic newssites (I would recommend Morgunblaðið, Fréttablaðið and RÚV) if someone wants to go through them, I unfortunately won't have the time to do so in the comming days. Sorry about any spelling errors, it is morning here and I haven't had my coffee yet :) Dammit_steve (talk) 09:50, 21 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Keep and much thanks to Steve for saying it for me. L3X1 (distænt write)  02:01, 28 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
Talk:List of U.S. states and territories by income

Update yearly
With the advancement of yearly statistics from the Census Bureau, I advise a yearly update of this data. If there are no objections, I will update this page this week. shadeyoj — Preceding undated comment added 05:45, 21 March 2006

Difference between personal per capita income and per capita income
What's the difference between per capita income and personal per capita income, can someone please enlighten me? <IP_ADDRESS> 23:15, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I posted the same question at WP:RD/H, and no one could answer there, either. Here's the full question:
 * The article States of the United States of America by income has separate lists for "States ranked by personal per capita income" and "States ranked by per capita income". But personal per capita income redirects to per capita income, and that article doesn't mention the term. What's the difference?
 * I assume that it's the same, and the difference is just the year. There are better tables out there, such as http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0104652.html. Seeing that the States ranked by personal per capita income section isn't even reference, it seems the best for now to delete that section and refer to a good list instead. If someone wants to recreate the list from a reliable source, that would be the best solution. — Sebastian 18:27, 28 November 2009 (UTC)

Made up information?
The per capita incomes are much lower than the numbers given in the state per capita income articles (at least for California and Georgia, although all of them seem low). Furthermore, the average (the national per capita income, is in the forty thousands, according to these sites: http://www.finfacts.ie/biz10/globalworldincomepercapita.htm and http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/united_states/united_states_economy.html (which references the CIA world factbook). -- Mitth'raw'nuruodo. — Preceding undated comment added 08:44, 2 June 2007

 * - Maybe those sources quote average worker income rather than per capita income(averaged over the whole population, including children, retiried, unemployed, house-keeping spouse). <IP_ADDRESS> 15:07, 12 July 2007 (UTC)GraL

 * Per capita income is not in $40k range - what you cited above is GDP per capita, which has little to do with how much income there is per person. GDP per capita is the amount of formal economic activity that takes place per person, not how much money people have to spent on themselves. But just to confuse people, the term national per capita income can is used, even though it has nothing to do with how much people make.
 * Per capita income, as refered to in this article, is the amount of income per person, including children, retirees. It is not to be confused with household or personal income. According to 2007 Census Bureau data:
 * The average American worker, age 25+, makes $33,000/yr
 * The average American household makes $48,000/yr
 * The amount of income the average household has per member (household per capita income) is $25,000/yr
 * Per capita income is not a person's salary nor is it a person's household income. It either expresses how much money a household can, on average, allocate to its members or how much money there is in a community per person (per capita). In order to determine your household's per capita income you would take your total gross annual household income and divided by the number of people in your household.
 * Example: If you make $100k/yr and have 4 people in your household, your per capita household income is $25k/yr (100/4=25).
 * Regards,  Signature brendel  18:34, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

Source?
Where is this data coming from? Someone needs to provide a source other than just "2000 Census." If you go to the 2000 Census page on income, http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFPeople?_submenuId=people_7&_sse=on, there is no option for "per capita" income, only household and family income. Please provide a source for the information stated on this page. Poldy Bloom 20:31, 3 November 2007 (UTC)

I have added a source for the per capita income in 1999: http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=D&-ds_name=D&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_GCTP14_US9&-format=CO-1 However, more sources are needed for this article, as is more context on what these data mean. Poldy Bloom 20:43, 3 November 2007 (UTC)

Data Is Incorrect!!!
The household income for North Carolina is completely out of line with any other source I've seen, including the sources referenced just above the table. For more reasonable statistics, see the following Wikipedia page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States#Income_by_state — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:17, 17 September 2010 (UTC)

 * I'd also move that the 'politics' section is, by nature, incorrect. States change political affiliation over time. Some 'blue' states have a republican majority in the state legislature, or a republican governor, and the reverse is true of the 'red' states. Further, a state's political leaning HAS NO RELEVANCE on this page. It is a page about the relative income of U.S. States. Including the supposed political affiliation of the states hints at some kind of ulterior motive, probably to make a political point, and undermines the very nature of what Wikipedia is all about.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Eper1709 (talk • contribs) 00:09, 15 August 2012 (UTC)

 * I agree about removing the politics section. Whether or not it is correct, it is certainly irrelevant.Mpgviolist (talk) 02:26, 23 August 2012 (UTC)

Did median household income in California really drop by a third between 2000 and 2014? I find that hard to believe. Are the dollars nominal or inflation-adjusted? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Felipe.pait (talk • contribs) 04:01, 2 February 2016 (UTC)

States ranked by number of places with per capita incomes above national average
Forgive me but... What does this mean? There are no references or sources. If nobody can explain what this means then shouldn't someone delete it??? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:08, 11 November 2010 (UTC)

A mess
This page is a complete mess. It should be deleted if no one can clean it up. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:26, 18 September 2012 (UTC)

Historical data
Is it possible to make the historical data easy to access on this page too? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:49, 18 December 2012 (UTC)

How old is per-capita income information?
The household income table has nice dates (2011, 2009, 2008, etc.) but the per capita income table has no date to let us know how old it is. That's rather atrocious. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:14, 27 December 2014 (UTC)

Map shading
Does the shading within each state on the map mean anything? If not, I may try and remove it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:41, 31 March 2015 (UTC)

Sources?
What is the source of the 2014 and 2000 median household data? I've checked all the links and can't find it. The justice.gov link is dead, and I can no longer find it (the Wayback Machine doesn't have it). Whatever the source, I strongly doubt New Hampshire's median household income in 2000 was in the high seven-figures. AdamBradley (talk) 18:32, 26 June 2015 (UTC)

Updating myself: The Justice link seems to be this: http://www.justice.gov/ust/eo/bapcpa/20140401/bci_data/median_income_table.htm. I've corrected it in the page, but I don't see where this data is actually used in the page. AdamBradley (talk) 18:39, 26 June 2015 (UTC)

Vandalism
Some people have been vandalizing the statistics here, I tried to fix what I could, but I'm not sure if I got everything. Could someone check the numbers to see if the are accurate now? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Scott J MacDonald (talk • contribs) 15:43, 2 July 2015 (UTC)

 * I'd assume the California statistics still aren't correct. The 2014 and 2010 figures aren't at all in line with the historical progression in other states. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:14, 27 August 2015 (UTC)

Apparently another case of vandalism? Article redirected to "Alaska", obviously for no good reason. The following text was found in comments, and removed:
 * This is a list of U.S. states by income. Alaska is the best. --Lensman03 (talk) 00:01, 13 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Someone from Alaska just deleted the Alaskan data, inserted an income of one million for all years, and then redirected the entire article forcibly to Alaska's wikipedia page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:10, 14 December 2016 (UTC)

I attempted to fix it by searching for the data. That was silly--I should have restored the values that were removed. But doing that would change the order of states. I defer to someone better at tables and statistics than I. Here's what it was 3 days ago. YoPienso (talk) 21:47, 31 July 2017 (UTC)

 * I went and got fresh data for 2011-2015 and replaced the table. Mojoworker (talk) 22:02, 1 August 2017 (UTC)

 * Nice job, thanks! YoPienso (talk) 02:35, 2 August 2017 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 10 December 2017
Colby.thompson (talk) 06:05, 10 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. Sak ura Cart elet Talk 06:34, 10 December 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on List of U.S. states by income. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070409174830/http://www.huduser.org/datasets/il/il07/index.html to http://www.huduser.org/datasets/il/il07/index.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:03, 27 December 2017 (UTC)

Map colliding with table
Anyone else seeing the U.S. map clipping into the table, partially obscuring the 2011 data? I would change it but I don't have enough edits on the site. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Humsorgan (talk • contribs) 00:49, 24 April 2018 (UTC)

United States as row
Hey whats up, its Ren writing in from Socal. I lke your table showing the states with all the data. Super useful for preesntations and the like. i was wondering if someone knows why they included the United States as a row included in the table? The United States is actually the country, not a state. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1700:f3c0:25e0:34de:ad7d:2c25:265a (talk) 07:26, 18 May 2021 (UTC)


text:
User:Sydpsnyder121716

About Me
I am a senior at BYU majoring in English language and minoring in editing.

title: User:Sydpsnyder121716


text:
Euler method

Proper noun

 * 1)  A method for numerically approximating the solution to an ordinary differential equation with a given initial value.

Translations

 * Icelandic: Euler-aðferð

title: Euler method


text:
Talk:Rainbow Night

Merge?
Unless I'm mistaken, so far Margot (activist) is mainly known for her role in these events. (t · c)  buidhe  06:10, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Hi, perhaps you know better than me, but it seems that Margot has her own fame now. Everyone knows her name in Poland now. She seems a bit like Stormé DeLarverie, who helped spark the Stonewall Riots in the US. I wouldn't merge yet. Malick78 (talk) 10:44, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes Buidhe, she is mostly know for her role in these events. She might be notable later since she was arrested and who knows how the things develop, but for know I think you are right about the merger. (Sorry Malick78) - GizzyCatBella  🍁  08:03, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

I support the merger for now. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 09:08, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

Oppose: Margot has been involved in many more activities and organisations, they attack the Parliament, Mr Polanski and Gazeta Wyborcza, inter alia: https://premium.wprost.pl/10352676/czego-nie-mowi-sie-o-margot-udzial-w-akcji-pomazania-sciany-sejmu-protest-przeciwko-polanskiemu.html

Zezen (talk) 10:55, 22 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Tks for the article, that is something sufficient and sufficiently different that merging no longer makes sense. (t · c)  buidhe  11:30, 22 August 2020 (UTC)

Arbitrary naming
The events described in the article are not known as Polish Stonewall. The vast majority of media coverage simply described the event. Only a few media reports suggested that it might resemble Stonewall riots. The title of the article is the author's arbitrary biased choice based on very few media suggestions. Wide media coverage did not call these events as Polish Stonewall. In many sentences there is bias and POV. H.Rabiega (talk) 18:05, 24 August 2020 (UTC) Even if it is illegal to insult the police and block them from performing their duties, we should not confuse civil disobedience with "violence". (t · c)  buidhe  01:07, 25 August 2020 (UTC)
 * If you have a different idea of how to name the article, the way to do that is start a WP:RM. (t · c)  buidhe  01:03, 25 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I reverted your edit about the video. In the Balkan Insight source it says "In its public statement on the events, the Warsaw police said it arrested, “48 of the most aggressive” people who were involved in a collective attack on the police van carrying Margot. The police also released a video entitled “Through the eyes of the police”, as a means to justify its actions. The video shows two protesters lying on the police car while others try to form a chain around it, and a separate scene of an activist shouting abuse at the police. There is no image that could be construed as protesters actually attacking the police."

Name
I have concerns that the article is using the name "Polish Stonewall" which is not commonly used in Poland or abroad. I am not denying that some sources called it such, but I think most just call them with a generic name such as "7 August 2020 protests in Warsaw" or such. I am not sure if we should adopt the "Polish Stonewall" name. I have no objections to saying that some have called the protests such, but it is not a universal name. PS. After a bit of digging, I linked this article to an Polish Wikipedia article: pl:Protesty w Polsce w 2020 roku (which has a very generic name, too generic most likely, as "Polish protests of 2020"). Commons category at commons:Category:August 2020 LGBTQIA Protests in Poland likely is a good compromise. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 05:07, 29 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I concur. While some sources labelled the event this way, it is not a common name. Besides, arbitrarily comparing it to American Stonewall event smells heavily of cultural colonialism, through American lens.--Darwinek (talk) 12:32, 29 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I would support "August 2020 LGBT protests in Poland", since the demonstrations also occurred in other Polish cities. (t · c)  buidhe  02:57, 31 August 2020 (UTC)
 * A quick thought: what if they continue in September? Summer/fall are a bit overlapping, maybe just "2020 LGBT protests in Poland"? I don't think there were any major ones earlier this year...? --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 05:39, 31 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Well it depends on how you define protest. For example, the June 2020 demonstration outside of the president's residence, is that a protest? I would say so. (t · c)  buidhe  23:25, 2 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Furthermore, protests have died down since Margot was released last week. Any new protests are a separate event that probably needs to be in a different article. (t · c)  buidhe  23:26, 2 September 2020 (UTC)

FYI there was another "Polish Stonewall" some years back, making it more confusing:
 * The closure (of his club) was met with protests, which came to be labelled as "the Polish Stonewall".[3] - Krystian Legierski. Zezen (talk) 16:59, 31 August 2020 (UTC)

 * I agree with Piotrus, "August 2020 LGBTQIA Protests in Poland" (per Wikipedia Commons) is good name. Subtropical -man  ( ✉  | en-2 ) 23:18, 2 September 2020 (UTC)
 * , Any sources which use this name? Why do you think LGBTQIA is more common than LGBT? (t · c)  buidhe  23:24, 2 September 2020 (UTC)
 * This is not proper name, there need not be sources for that exact name. The name can describe the phenomenon. However, we can to discuss to use word LGBT or LGBTQIA, based on the sources. Subtropical -man  ( ✉  | en-2 ) 23:47, 2 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I find this "Polish Stonewall" name also problematic...per your comments - GizzyCatBella  🍁  22:30, 6 September 2020 (UTC)

Ok, so moving forward, would there be any objections to moving this to August 2020 LGBT protests in Poland? I am seeing consensus above that this would be a better name. Are we all good with a move?-PS. LGBT is more common, but it is worth noting that Margot self identifas in the QIA range, I forget which one. It was IIRC in her GW interview. -Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 00:31, 7 September 2020 (UTC)
 * It's ok, "August 2020 LGBT protests in Poland" is good name. Subtropical -man  ( ✉  | en-2 ) 13:31, 7 September 2020 (UTC)

'7 August mass arrest' section
There are some inaccuracies in this section: There are more of such inaccuracies that could be prevented by using neutral sources. Wostr (talk) 23:25, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Margot was waiting at Campaign Against Homophobia's office in Warsaw to be arrested, but the police initially said that she would not be arrested. – the Police officers that were present at that place were from squads responsible for patrol duty and crowd control. No one at that moment knew that Margot was to be arrested, as no one knew about the arrest warrant.
 * before another group of plainclothes police tried to arrest Margot. – Margot was arrested by high ranking Police officer wearing an uniform, he was accompanied by some plainclothes Police officers.
 * and an Italian legal resident who happened on the demonstration and was arrested while watching it – that is a rumor that has not been confirmed later.
 * active participation in an illegal gathering – that is not entirely true: active participation in an gathering whose participants commit a violent attack on a person or property, there is nothing about illegal in the Criminal Code.
 * The information is all sourced to reliable sources. If you believe it is "inaccurate", you need to present sources that are equally reliable and contradict the information. Also, whether a source is considered by you to be "neutral" has no relation to whether it is a reliable source for Wikipedia, see WP:Biased.
 * Also, there is no evidence at present that an actual violent attack was committed by the protestors, see the Balkan Insight piece. No one has been convicted of any crime and WP:BLP applies. (t · c)  buidhe  23:34, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
 * WP:CONTEXTMATTERS. Using sources that are biased as only sources for some information is not a good way. I'm not an en.wiki user, I can't and I won't edit this article. I'm just saying that there is a room for improvement. I don't see a report of National Preventive Mechanism that could be contrasted with Ministry of the Interior and Police statements and reports (at least two statements at parliamentary committees). Most sources are from news websites, many of which (like 'oko.press', 'onet.pl', 'gazeta.pl') are biased or of questionable reliability. Wostr (talk) 19:30, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
 * You could argue that all sources are biased, but on the other hand, Gazeta Wyborcza is probably the most reliable Polish news source at present. The Ministry of the Interior and police have an incentive to portray this incident in a certain way or, potentially, to lie about it (WP:COISOURCE), while it does not necessarily enjoy a reputation for fact-checking and accuracy. In contrast, the ombudsman is independent, enjoys a very good reputation, and has a mission to tell the truth about state actions. See also WP:FALSEBALANCE. (t · c)  buidhe  19:49, 27 September 2020 (UTC)
 * You do know the difference between gazeta.pl news service and a newspaper Gazeta Wyborcza/wyborcza.pl? Unfortunately, you are probably not fully aware of the social and political situation in Poland, if you say that "Gazeta Wyborcza is probably the most reliable Polish news source at present". There are currently few (if any) nationwide news sites or daily press that are not politically biased. It is an open secret that Gazeta Wyborcza is oriented towards the left, while publications such as Gazeta Polska are directed towards the right side of the political scene. This makes it extremely difficult nowadays to write a neutral text about social or political events based on news services and the daily press. We are aware of this at pl.wiki and try to carefully use this type of sources while writing about social or political events, sometimes even pointing out that certain information comes from a given website or newspaper or by contrasting opinions from different, opposite sources.
 * I think you missed one word from my statement above the National Preventive Mechanism report (or, more generally, the Polish Ombudsman report) and about statements of Polish Ministry of the Interior and Polish Police. That word, a key word, was contrasted. There are two ways this article could be written. In one, there is a (i) description of events, (ii) description of reactions from both non-governmental organisations or civic institutions (like the Polish Ombudsman) and official government institutions — you cannot deny that the reactions or statements of government institutions are worth noting for a full understanding of both the course of the described events and the overall situation in that period — (iii) description of international reactions, (iv) description of social, legal and political consequences. In this way, the reader would have a fairly complete picture of the situation that would allow him to form an opinion on the subject. Unfortunately, some points are missing and right now we have a selection of sources and content that directs the reader to a specific point of view. Wostr (talk) 17:31, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
 * I think you missed one word from my statement above the National Preventive Mechanism report (or, more generally, the Polish Ombudsman report) and about statements of Polish Ministry of the Interior and Polish Police. That word, a key word, was contrasted. There are two ways this article could be written. In one, there is a (i) description of events, (ii) description of reactions from both non-governmental organisations or civic institutions (like the Polish Ombudsman) and official government institutions — you cannot deny that the reactions or statements of government institutions are worth noting for a full understanding of both the course of the described events and the overall situation in that period — (iii) description of international reactions, (iv) description of social, legal and political consequences. In this way, the reader would have a fairly complete picture of the situation that would allow him to form an opinion on the subject. Unfortunately, some points are missing and right now we have a selection of sources and content that directs the reader to a specific point of view. Wostr (talk) 17:31, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

Name (again)
I want to point out that currently there is a name for this event that is used by various polish sources. The sources usually call it "Tęczowa Noc" (rainbow night in english) [1 ][2 ][3 ][4 ][5 ][6 ][7 ]. I this we might consider renaming the article since it's shorter. Matinee71 (talk) 18:05, 12 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rainbow Night


text:
Abdel Rahman Fahmy

Abdel Rahman Fahmy (1 April 1924 – 17 October 2002) was an Egyptian writer. He has published several short stories as well as plays. Most of his short stories have been collected in two volumes: "Suzie wadh-dhikrayat" ("Suzie and Memories") and "Almulku lak" ("Thine be the Kingdom"). Fahmy has also worked for the Egyptian Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Higher Education. He was of Ethiopian and Turkish origin.

title: Abdel Rahman Fahmy


text:
клеветати

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to slander
 * 2) to mock

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to slander

title: клеветати


text:
Stewart Francis Alexander

Lieutenant-Colonel Stewart Francis Alexander (August 30, 1914 – December 6, 1991) was an American medical doctor from New Jersey and an expert on chemical warfare who was dispatched to attend the patients following the Air raid on Bari.

Born and raised in Park Ridge, New Jersey, where his father was a family physician, Alexander attended Staunton Military Academy before enrolling at Dartmouth College and earning his medical degree from the Columbia University Medical School.

Trained in the diagnosis of chemical warfare, Alexander was dispatched to attend to victims of the Air raid on Bari in December 1943, in which a total of 27 Allied ships were hit and destroyed in a surprise Nazi air raid. He detected symptoms among the victims that indicated that they had been affected by mustard gas, though the symptoms he spotted were different from the inhalation injuries typically suffered during World War I from the chemical agent. Despite repeated denials that mustard gas had been present on any Allied ships in the harbor, Alexander was able to determine that a ship loaded with mustard gas shells had blown up and that the mustard gas had mixed with the oil floating in the harbor, which acted as a solvent and allowed the chemical warfare agent to be absorbed into the skin of military personnel who had been floating in the water. Though Alexander's detailed report documenting the presence of mustard gas was censored and suppressed for fears that the Nazis would be emboldened to use the chemical warfare agent, his medical reporting showed that the mustard gas had severely impacted the formation of white blood cells in his patients, a finding that led to the development of chemotherapeutic treatments for leukemia that were based on the chemistry of mustard gas.

Alexander had been medical director of Bergen Pines County Hospital (since renamed as New Bridge Medical Center) until 1975 and had served as president of the Bergen County Medical Society and of the New Jersey Academy of Medicine. After a career as an internist and cardiologist, Alexander died of skin cancer while visiting the vacation home of his daughter, Diane Alexander Sugden, in Mustique.

title: Stewart Francis Alexander


text:
Array DBMS

An array database management system or array DBMS provides database services specifically for arrays (also called raster data), that is: homogeneous collections of data items (often called pixels, voxels, etc.), sitting on a regular grid of one, two, or more dimensions. Often arrays are used to represent sensor, simulation, image, or statistics data. Such arrays tend to be Big Data, with single objects frequently ranging into Terabyte and soon Petabyte sizes; for example, today's earth and space observation archives typically grow by Terabytes a day. Array databases aim at offering flexible, scalable storage and retrieval on this information category.

Overview
In the same style as standard database systems do on sets, Array DBMSs offer scalable, flexible storage and flexible retrieval/manipulation on arrays of (conceptually) unlimited size. As in practice arrays never appear standalone, such an array model normally is embedded into some overall data model, such as the relational model. Some systems implement arrays as an analogy to tables, some introduce arrays as an additional attribute type.

Management of arrays requires novel techniques, particularly due to the fact that traditional database tuples and objects tend to fit well into a single database page –  a unit of disk access on server, typically 4 KB –  while array objects easily can span several media. The prime task of the array storage manager is to give fast access to large arrays and sub-arrays. To this end, arrays get partitioned, during insertion, into so-called tiles or chunks of convenient size which then act as units of access during query evaluation.

Array DBMSs offer query languages giving declarative access to such arrays, allowing to create, manipulate, search, and delete them. Like with, e.g., SQL, expressions of arbitrary complexity can be built on top of a set of core array operations. Due to the extensions made in the data and query model, Array DBMSs sometimes are subsumed under the NoSQL category, in the sense of "not only SQL". Query optimization and parallelization are important for achieving scalability; actually, many array operators lend themselves well towards parallel evaluation, by processing each tile on separate nodes or cores.

Important application domains of Array DBMSs include Earth, Space, Life, and Social sciences, as well as the related commercial applications (such as hydrocarbon exploration in industry and OLAP in business). The variety occurring can be observed, e.g., in geo data where 1-D environmental sensor time series, 2-D satellite images, 3-D x/y/t image time series and x/y/z geophysics data, as well as 4-D x/y/z/t climate and ocean data can be found.

History and status
The relational data model, which is prevailing today, does not directly support the array paradigm to the same extent as sets and tuples. ISO SQL lists an array-valued attribute type, but this is only one-dimensional, with almost no operational support, and not usable for the application domains of Array DBMSs. Another option is to resort to BLOBs ("binary large objects") which are the equivalent to files: byte strings of (conceptually) unlimited length, but again without any query language functionality, such as multi-dimensional subsetting.

First significant work in going beyond BLOBs has been established with PICDMS. This system offers the precursor of a 2-D array query language, albeit still procedural and without suitable storage support.

A first declarative query language suitable for multiple dimensions and with an algebra-based semantics has been published by Baumann, together with a scalable architecture. Another array database language, constrained to 2-D, has been presented by Marathe and Salem. Seminal theoretical work has been accomplished by Libkin et al.; in their model, called NCRA, they extend a nested relational calculus with multidimensional arrays; among the results are important contributions on array query complexity analysis. A map algebra, suitable for 2-D and 3-D spatial raster data, has been published by Mennis et al.

In terms of Array DBMS implementations, the rasdaman system has the longest implementation track record of n-D arrays with full query support. Oracle GeoRaster offers chunked storage of 2-D raster maps, albeit without SQL integration. TerraLib is an open-source GIS software that extends object-relational DBMS technology to handle spatio-temporal data types; while main focus is on vector data, there is also some support for rasters. Starting with version 2.0, PostGIS embeds raster support for 2-D rasters; a special function offers declarative raster query functionality. SciQL is an array query language being added to the MonetDB DBMS. SciDB is a more recent initiative to establish array database support. Like SciQL, arrays are seen as an equivalent to tables, rather than a new attribute type as in rasdaman and PostGIS.

For the special case of sparse data, OLAP data cubes are well established; they store cell values together with their location – an adequate compression technique in face of the few locations carrying valid information at all –  and operate with SQL on them. As this technique does not scale in density, standard databases are not used today for dense data, like satellite images, where most cells carry meaningful information; rather, proprietary ad hoc implementations prevail in scientific data management and similar situations. Hence, this is where Array DBMSs can make a particular contribution.

Generally, Array DBMSs are an emerging technology. While operationally deployed systems exist, like Oracle GeoRaster, PostGIS 2.0 and rasdaman, there are still many open research questions, including query language design and formalization, query optimization, parallelization and distributed processing, and scalability issues in general. Besides, scientific communities still appear reluctant in taking up array database technology and tend to favor specialized, proprietary technology.

Concepts
When adding arrays to databases, all facets of database design need to be reconsidered – ranging from conceptual modeling (such as suitable operators) over storage management (such as management of arrays spanning multiple media) to query processing (such as efficient processing strategies).

Conceptual modeling
Formally, an array A is given by a (total or partial) function A: X → V where X, the domain is a d-dimensional integer interval for some $d > 0$ and V, called range, is some (non-empty) value set; in set notation, this can be rewritten as $\{ (p,v)$. Each (p,v) in A denotes an array element or cell, and following common notation we write A[p] = v. Examples for X include {0..767} × {0..1023} (for XGA sized images), examples for V include {0..255} for 8-bit greyscale images and {0..255} × {0..255} × {0..255} for standard RGB imagery.

Following established database practice, an array query language should be declarative and safe in evaluation. As iteration over an array is at the heart of array processing, declarativeness very much centers on this aspect. The requirement, then, is that conceptually all cells should be inspected simultaneously – in other words, the query does not enforce any explicit iteration sequence over the array cells during evaluation. Evaluation safety is achieved when every query terminates after a finite number of (finite-time) steps; again, avoiding general loops and recursion is a way of achieving this. At the same time, avoiding explicit loop sequences opens up manifold optimization opportunities.

Array querying
As an example for array query operators the rasdaman algebra and query language can serve, which establish an expression language over a minimal set of array primitives. We begin with the generic core operators and then present common special cases and shorthands.

The marray operator creates an array over some given domain extent and initializes its cells:

where index-range-specification defines the result domain and binds an iteration variable to it, without specifying iteration sequence. The cell-value-expression is evaluated at each location of the domain.

Example: "A cutout of array A given by the corner points (10,20) and (40,50)."

This special case, pure subsetting, can be abbreviated as This subsetting keeps the dimension of the array; to reduce dimension by extracting slices, a single slicepoint value is indicated in the slicing dimension.

Example: "A slice through an x/y/t timeseries at position t=100, retrieving all available data in x and y."

The wildcard operator * indicates that the current boundary of the array is to be used; note that arrays where dimension boundaries are left open at definition time may change size in that dimensions over the array's lifetime.

The above examples have simply copied the original values; instead, these values may be manipulated.

Example: "Array A, with a log applied to each cell value."

This can be abbreviated as:

Through a principle called induced operations, the query language offers all operations the cell type offers on array level, too. Hence, on numeric values all the usual unary and binary arithmetic, exponential, and trigonometric operations are available in a straightforward manner, plus the standard set of Boolean operators.

The condense operator aggregates cell values into one scalar result, similar to SQL aggregates. Its application has the general form:

As with marray before, the index-range-specification specifies the domain to be iterated over and binds an iteration variable to it – again, without specifying iteration sequence. Likewise, cell-value-expression is evaluated at each domain location. The condense-op clause specifies the aggregating operation used to combine the cell value expressions into one single value.

Example: "The sum over all values in A."

A shorthand for this operation is:

In the same manner and in analogy to SQL aggregates, a number of further shorthands are provided, including counting, average, minimum, maximum, and Boolean quantifiers.

The next example demonstrates combination of marray and condense operators by deriving a histogram.

Example: "A histogram over 8-bit greyscale image A."

The induced comparison, A=bucket, establishes a Boolean array of the same extent as A. The aggregation operator counts the occurrences of true for each value of bucket, which subsequently is put into the proper array cell of the 1-D histogram array.

Such languages allow formulating statistical and imaging operations which can be expressed analytically without using loops. It has been proven that the expressive power of such array languages in principle is equivalent to relational query languages with ranking.

Array storage
Array storage has to accommodate arrays of different dimensions and typically large sizes. A core task is to maintain spatial proximity on disk so as to reduce the number of disk accesses during subsetting. Note that an emulation of multi-dimensional arrays as nested lists (or 1-D arrays) will not per se accomplish this and, therefore, in general will not lead to scalable architectures.

Commonly arrays are partitioned into sub-arrays which form the unit of access. Regular partitioning where all partitions have the same size (except possibly for boundaries) is referred to as chunking. A generalization which removes the restriction to equally sized partitions by supporting any kind of partitioning is tiling. Array partitioning can improve access to array subsets significantly: by adjusting tiling to the access pattern, the server ideally can fetch all required data with only one disk access.

Compression of tiles can sometimes reduce substantially the amount of storage needed. Also for transmission of results compression is useful, as for the large amounts of data under consideration networks bandwidth often constitutes a limiting factor.

Query processing
A tile-based storage structure suggests a tile-by-tile processing strategy (in rasdaman called tile streaming). A large class of practically relevant queries can be evaluated by loading tile after tile, thereby allowing servers to process arrays orders of magnitude beyond their main memory.

Due to the massive sizes of arrays in scientific/technical applications in combination with often complex queries, optimization plays a central role in making array queries efficient. Both hardware and software parallelization can be applied. An example for heuristic optimization is the rule "maximum value of an array resulting from the cell-wise addition of two input images is equivalent to adding the maximum values of each input array". By replacing the left-hand variant by the right-hand expression, costs shrink from three (costly) array traversals to two array traversals plus one (cheap) scalar operation (see Figure, which uses the SQL/MDA query standard).

Application domains
In many – if not most – cases where some phenomenon is sampled or simulated the result is a rasterized data set which can conveniently be stored, retrieved, and forwarded as an array. Typically, the array data are ornamented with metadata describing them further; for example, geographically referenced imagery will carry its geographic position and the coordinate reference system in which it is expressed.

The following are representative domains in which large-scale multi-dimensional array data are handled:
 * Earth sciences: geodesy / mapping, remote sensing, geology, oceanography, hydrology, atmospheric sciences, cryospheric sciences
 * Space sciences: Planetary sciences, astrophysics (optical and radio telescope observations, cosmological simulations)
 * Life sciences: gene data, confocal microscopy, CAT scans
 * Social sciences: statistical data cubes
 * Business: OLAP, data warehousing

These are but examples; generally, arrays frequently represent sensor, simulation, image, and statistics data. More and more spatial and time dimensions are combined with abstract axes, such as sales and products; one example where such abstract axes are explicitly foreseen is the [Open_Geospatial_Consortium |Open Geospatial Consortium] (OGC) coverage model.

Standardization
Many communities have established data exchange formats, such as HDF, NetCDF, and TIFF. A de facto standard in the Earth Science communities is OPeNDAP, a data transport architecture and protocol. While this is not a database specification, it offers important components that characterize a database system, such as a conceptual model and client/server implementations.

A declarative geo raster query language, Web Coverage Processing Service (WCPS), has been standardized by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).

In June 2014, ISO/IEC JTC1 SC32 WG3, which maintains the SQL database standard, has decided to add multi-dimensional array support to SQL as a new column type, based on the initial array support available since the 2003 version of SQL. The new standard, adopted in Fall 2018, is named ISO 9075 SQL Part 15: MDA (Multi-Dimensional Arrays).

List of array DBMSs

 * Oracle GeoRaster
 * MonetDB/SciQL
 * PostGIS
 * rasdaman
 * SciDB

title: Array DBMS


text:
Jukka Pietikäinen

Jukka Tapio Pietikäinen (born 1956) is a Finnish diplomat. He was the Finnish Consul General in New York, where he moved from the post of Finnish Ambassador to Buenos Aires. Pietikäinen started his diplomatic career in 1985.

title: Jukka Pietikäinen


text:
Girolamo Basso della Rovere

Girolamo Basso della Rovere (1434–1507) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

Life
Basso della Rovere was born in Albissola Marina, the son of Giovanni Basso (Marquess of Bistagno and Monastero) and his wife Luchina della Rovere of the House of della Rovere and sister of Pope Sixtus IV

He was Bishop of Albenga in 1472, and then Bishop of Recanati in 1476. He was created cardinal on 10 December 1477 by his uncle, Pope Sixtus IV.

Between 1471 and 1484 he built a new family chapel in the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome, the same church that his relatives, Pope Sixtus IV and Domenico della Rovere, significantly rebuilt and embellished. The Basso Della Rovere Chapel was decorated by the favourite artist of the family, Pinturicchio, and his workshop. Girolamo's father, Giovanni Basso, was buried in the chapel.

title: Girolamo Basso della Rovere


text:
Anandan

Anandan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Anathalavattom Anandan (born 1937), Indian politician
 * K. Murugesan Anandan (born 1951), Indian politician
 * M. Anandan, Indian politician
 * M. S. M. Anandan, Indian politician
 * Subhas Anandan (1947–2015), Singaporean lawyer

title: Anandan


text:
User:Kamara Ka-Wanjiru/menu

Date today:  Events today

Kamara's local time is:  : . Click [ here ] to refresh.  .

title: User:Kamara Ka-Wanjiru/menu


text:
Animal Behavior

Animal Behavior

A guide to the hows and whys of animals interacting with each other and with the world around them.

A Free Online Textbook

 * Contributors
 * Notes to Contributors
 * Textbook cover

This textbook explores the mechanisms and evolution of animal behavior, including neural, hormonal, and genetic substrates of behavior; foraging; anti-predator defenses; mating systems and sexual selection; social behavior; communication; parental care; kin selection and recognition; and territoriality. Associated laboratory exercises will provide hands-on experience for many of these concepts.

Chapter 1. History, Aims and Approaches

 * Definition of Animal Behavior
 * Aims of Animal Behavior
 * History of Animal Behavior
 * Scientific Method in Animal Behavior

Chapter 2. Development, Learning and Genetics

 * /Nature v Nurture/
 * Development/Maturation
 * Human Cognitive Development
 * Learning and Memory
 * Behavioral Genetics

Chapter 3. Proximate Mechanisms of Behavior

 * Neuroscience
 * Sensory Biology
 * Neural Orchestration of Motor Responses
 * Behavioral Endocrinology
 * Biological Rhythms

Chapter 4. Functional Significance of Behavior

 * Evolution
 * Mating Systems
 * Population Genetics
 * Modeling Behavior
 * Altruism and Sociality
 * Coevolution

Chapter 5. Phylogeny, and Behavior

 * Darwin's Finches

Chapter 6. Behavior Case Studies

 * Communication Systems
 * Bird Song
 * Human Language
 * The Parallels between Bird Song and Human Language Learning

 * Spatial Distributions
 * Habitat Use
 * Orienting, Navigation, Migration
 * Territoriality

 * Mating Systems
 * Brood Parastism

 * other
 * Army Ants
 * Honeybee Foraging Behavior
 * Penguins
 * Penguin Loving
 * Sea Turtles
 * Sea Turtle Nesting Behavior

Chapter 7. Comparative Human Behavior

 * Human Evolution

Comportament animal

title: Animal Behavior


text:
Kat and the Band

Kat and the Band is a 2020 British coming-of-age musical film directed by E. E. Hegarty from a screenplay by Jemma Field and Michael Müller. The film stars Ella Hunt, Dougie Poynter, Jennifer Leong, Callum McGowan, Idris Debrand, Sevan Stephan, Joanna David, Badly Drawn Boy, Jackson Bews, Katherine Kelly, and Rufus Hound. It premiered at the London Independent Film Festival in March 2020 and was released in the United Kingdom on July 13, 2020, by 101 Films. The film follows Kat Malone, a seventeen year old music-obsessed school girl who tricks her way into managing struggling band Dollar Days by posing to be a twenty-something band manager.

Cast

 * Ella Hunt as Kat Malone
 * Dougie Poynter as Alex
 * Jennifer Leong as Jane
 * Callum McGowan as Brian
 * Idris Debrand as Sid
 * Sevan Stephan as Faz
 * Joanna David as Gran
 * Badly Drawn Boy as himself
 * Jackson Bews as Marcus
 * Katherine Kelly as Liz Malone
 * Rufus Hound as Mr. Cato

title: Kat and the Band


text:
User:Idk123321123/sandbox

The Laws of Frankie:

These laws are a alternate set of laws to the laws of physics, superior in every way shape and form. The only apply to one individual named Frankie, the queen of the Holy Universe. The first law of Frankie is actually just the 4th law of motion, discovers by Isaac Newton: Anything said by Frankie is, in fact a law of the world its self and must come true.

There are also other laws of Frankie, but you will have to wait to find out!

PS: you look very cute in your glasses shut!

title: User:Idk123321123/sandbox


text:
Talk:Earth Station

I've set up the upper and lower constraint boundaries as a container for 24 distinct "Earth Stations". These allow for a "priming-of-the-pump" style UML Model of a practical construct for establishing a framework suitable and easily shared between and among both programmers, modders, and users of the System. Please learn immediatly that the system only works if there exists some degree (preferrably quite high) of developer/user/programmer cooperation while Collaboratively Building Concepts that are practical. See CisLunarFreighter UML Case Diagrams for the overview. Thanks --CQ 17:39, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

RfD result - keep
A record of the discussion is here:. --HappyCamper 23:00, 23 August 2007 (UTC)

OK - Good CQ (discuss • contribs) 03:00, 28 February 2017 (UTC)

Long-term relationship model
HERE

At first, we were all alone with a belief in Santa Claus on the North Pole until we found the Island of Misfit Toys. ...and there we lived happily ever after.

Posted: 02:59, 28 February 2017 (UTC) by CQ (discuss • contribs) CQ (discuss • contribs) 02:59, 28 February 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Earth Station


text:
Talk:Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal

Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal
Hi everyone, shouldn't his name be Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Bin Wan Ahmad Kamal please change the title if this is right. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Francabicon (talk • contribs) 04:58, 8 April 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal