text:
Dorsal raphe nucleus

The dorsal raphe nucleus is one of the raphe nuclei. It is situated in the brainstem at the midline. It has rostral and caudal subdivisions:
 * The rostral aspect of the dorsal raphe is further divided into interfascicular, ventral, ventrolateral and dorsal subnuclei.
 * The projections of the dorsal raphe have been found to vary topographically, and thus the subnuclei differ in their projections.

Efferents
The DRN issues serotonergic efferents to the hippocampal formation, limbic lobe, and amygdala (these efferents are involved in regulation of memory processing).

Serotonergic neurotransmission
The dorsal raphe is the largest serotonergic nucleus and provides a substantial proportion of the serotonin innervation to the forebrain.

Serotonergic neurons are found throughout the dorsal raphe nucleus and tend to be larger than other cells. A substantial population of cells synthesizing substance P are found in the rostral aspects, many of these co-express serotonin and substance P. There is also a population of catecholamine synthesizing neurons in the rostral dorsal raphe, and these cells appear to be relatively large.

The dorsal raphe nucleus is rich in pre-synaptic serotonin 5-HT1A autoreceptors, and it's believed that the action of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in this region is responsible for the latency of their antidepressant effect.

Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal
The dorsal raphe nucleus has also been implicated in naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal. It is known that endogenous opioid receptors exist in the dorsal raphe nucleus, and that it is a focal point as an ascending and descending regulator. Pourshanazari et al. showed in their 2000 paper that electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus can partially alleviate morphine withdrawal symptoms via electrical stimulation of the raphe nucleus in question.

These are fascinating results; however no control was provided for the spread of electrical charge to other parts of the brain stem. It is quite possible that the charge spread to the nucleus raphes magnus and induced analgesia upon the rats. Knowing that the spread of charge across such a short area is very plausible, as is an alternate connection to the raphe magnus, these results could be called into question.

Narcolepsy
Wu M.F. et al. studied the dorsal raphe nucleus as it pertained to narcolepsy. This is logical, as the raphe nuclei have been known to play a role in the sleep/wake cycle. Cataplexy is the symptom of narcolepsy when full awareness of the environment is maintained, but all muscle tone is lost. This has thought to be a dissociation of what normally happens during REM sleep, when all muscle tone is lost except for the eyes. The dorsal raphe nucleus has been known to project to the lateral hypothalamus, along with the locus coeruleus and the tuberomammillary nucleus. The neurotransmitters of these three aforementioned nuclei, which project to the lateral hypothalamus, are serotonin, norepinephrine and histamine respectively. These neurotransmitters are fully active during waking hours, partially active during non-REM sleep, and have almost ceased during REM sleep. In cats with pontine lesions, their normal atonia is not present, the dorsal raphe nucleus is fully active, as opposed to the cessation of action under normal conditions. A muscle relaxant, known as Mephenesin, reduces activity of the dorsal nucleus, as well as microinjections of carbachol (which induces atonia while awake).

Depression and suicide
The rostral raphe nuclei, both the median raphe nucleus and particularly the dorsal raphe nucleus have long been implicated in depression. Some studies have suggested that the dorsal raphe may be decreased in size in people with depression and, paradoxically, an increased cell density in those who die by suicide.

Other animals
An increased number of cells in the lateral aspects of the dorsal raphe is characteristic of primates (including humans).

Research
Ten percent of the axons from the dorsal raphe nucleus of the rat have been shown to project to the amygdala, while only medium cells seem to project to the caudate and putamen and olfactory bulb.

title: Dorsal raphe nucleus


text:
Cuauhtémoc Gutiérrez de la Torre

Cuauhtémoc Gutiérrez de la Torre (born 16 May 1968) is a Mexican lawyer, politician and former waste picker leader from the Institutional Revolutionary Party. From 2010 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District and from 2012 to 2014 he served as Chairman of the Institutional Revolutionary Party in Mexico City. He is on a temporary leave of absence due to charges of using public resources and facilities to operate a prostitution ring; the prostitution ring allegations were the result of an investigative journalism investigation that included the testimony of 5 women and undercover recordings of a journalist.

Notes to the aforementioned information:

 * 1) Within hours of the prostitution ring allegations were made public, Gutierrez de la Torre denied the accusations, but the evidence was so strong that he was separated by the PRI as their party president for the Mexico City chapter.
 * 2) The allegations were never followed or investigated by the Mexico City D.A. and the case went stale for years; in September 2020, the Mexico City Head Prosecutor, informed the country that the case will be re-visited as they have uncovered sound evidence to re-open the investigation and have suggested that the former D.A. officials incurred in grave omissions during past investigations.
 * 3) The PRI Mexico City had to pay a settlement to three women who were hired directly by Gutierrez de La Torre in 2002 and dismissed in 2003 after refusing to have sexual relations with him. The three women took the case to the Labour Courts in Mexico City and although the process took almost 10 years, there was enough documental evidence to confirm the working relationship of the women to the PRI Mexico City and the handsome Gutierrez de La Torre. in November 2011, The PRI Mexico City reached an agreement with the three women to finalise the matter. (It is noted that the demand was for unjustified and illegal dismissal only, as the women refused to have sexual encounters with Gutierrez de La Torre).
 * 4) At the time of the accusations, Gutierrez de La Torre had three ″madam recruiters″ who also served as filters for the hiring of young women to provide sexual services to the PRI president in Mexico City. The first was Adriana Rodriguez, then Claudia Pricilla Martinez Gonzalez, and the final filter was his personal secretary was Sandra Esther Vaca Cortes.

The first two women have disappeared of the public life, but Sandra Esther Vaca Cortes is still part of Mexico's political life and became a local deputy in June 2018 (member of the Congress of Mexico City) and was publicly supported by the PRI's National President Claudia Ruiz Massieu during a work session in September 2018.

Gutiérrez de la Torre]] was charged with attempted sexual exploitation, false advertising, and criminal conspiracy on March 9, 2021. It is unclear whether the arrest is related to the 2014 accusations.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cuauhtémoc Gutiérrez de la Torre


text:
World History/The First Chinese Dynasties

The Mythical Period
According to legend, Chinese history began with a succession of three rulers - half-human, half-animal - followed by five emperors. The three rulers - Fuxi, Nüwa, and Shennong - each are credited with contributing to the early people's lifestyles:

 Fuxi - traditional reign began in 2852 B.C. Introduced domestication of animals and founded the basic social structure of family life. Nüwa - wife of Fuxi. She is also credited for his accomplishments. Shennong - divine farmer who taught agriculture to the settled peoples.

Following this period, five successors introduced the basic aspects of culture:

 Huangdi, or the Yellow Emperor - traditional reign lasted from 2698 B.C. - 2598 B.C. As with the aforementioned rulers, his existence may be mythical as well; the period of his reign occurred about one millennium before Chinese history was recorded. Nevertheless, he has been regarded as the ancestor of all Han Chinese - the largest ethnic nationality in all of China. Some of his achievements include the institution of Chinese characters (thus leading to literacy), the development of silk (from silkworms), and the establishment of the principles of Traditional Chinese medicine. Zhuanxu - credited with the creation of the Chinese calendar, as well as the introduction of religion and astrology (this may or may not correspond to the Chinese zodiac). Emperor Ku - dates suggest he ruled from 2435 B.C. - 2356 B.C.; however, little else is known about his contributions. Emperor Yao - reign lasted from 2356(?) B.C. - 2255 B.C. He is believed to have served as a "role model" for future rulers due to his dignity and diligence. Some also credit him for creating the popular board game, "weiqi" (also known as "Go"). Emperor Shun - reign lasted from 2255 B.C. - 2205 B.C. Although he did not follow the bloodline of Yao (Shun was a peasant), he was chosen to succeed the former because of his 'devotion to his (own) father'. Shun's devotion also set an example for future rulers.

Like Yao, Shun also chose his successor rather than continue the family line. He appointed Yu, a paragon who helped to drain the floodwaters around much of eastern China. At this point, archaeological evidence suggests that he founded the Xia Dynasty in 2205 B.C.

The Xia Dynasty (c. 2205 B.C. - 1766 B.C.)
Because Yu was also a Chinese mythological figure, the existence of the Xia dynasty is somewhat debatable, as most of it is based on cultural legends. Nevertheless, archaeological evidence (dated from the Shang and later dynasties) shows that an early farming culture was established around 2205 B.C., centralized in the Huang (Yellow) River Valley and the surrounding region. The early peoples of the Xia were also believed to have created a primitive writing system, though this is also questionable as no written records have yet been found near that region.

Based on available evidence and findings, the Xia developed sufficient agricultural methods and techniques and generally experienced considerable prosperity. Lack of irrigation and flood protection made the region prone to frequent floods and other natural disasters, however. Eventually, the peoples of the Xia were overthrown by rebels c. 1760 B.C., who in turn established new rule in the Huang River Valley.

The Shang Dynasty (c. 1766 B.C. - 1122 B.C.)
Upon establishment c. 1766 B.C., the Shang developed a theocratic government centered around the capital city of Anyang (south of the Huang River, in present-day Henan province). Shang kings were believed to fulfill sacred rather than political purposes; thus, a council of chosen advisers administered various aspects of the government. The dynasty claimed rule over much of northern China, but in reality its control and influence did not spread as far and wide. Farther away from the capital, aristocrats who pledged support to the king governed local areas and managed affairs such as defense, militia, and tax collection. The border territories of Shang rule were led by chieftains who gained the right to govern through connections with and/or acceptance from the royalty.

Society and Class Divisions
Citizens during the Shang dynasty can be classified into four social classes: the king & aristocracy, the military, artisans & craftsmen, and peasants.

The aristocracy were centered around Anyang, the Shang capital, and conducted governmental affairs for surrounding areas. Regional territories were also controlled by the wealthy, although their roles were limited to local districts as opposed to the entire state.

Following the aristocracy came the Shang military, who were respected and honored for their skill. There were two sub-divisions: one for infantry (foot soldiers) and one for chariot warriors. The latter were noted for great skill in warfare and hunting, and evidence has shown that horses and other cavalry were utilized by the Chinese during the late Shang period, c. 1250 B.C.

Artisans and craftsmen comprised the 'middle class' of Shang society. Their largest contribution was their work with bronze, which the Chinese developed as early as 1500 B.C. Bronze weapons and pottery were commonly made, but the most prominent creations included ritual vessels and treasures, many of which were discovered via archaeological findings in the 1920s and 1930s. Shang aristocrats and the royalty were believed to have been buried with large supplies of bronze valuables, particularly wine vessels and other ornate structures.

At the bottom of the social ladder were the peasants, the poorest of Chinese citizens. They comprised the majority of the population, and were limited to farming and selling crops for profit. Archaeological findings have shown that masses of peasants were buried with aristocrats, leading some scholars to believe that they were the equivalent of slaves, but other scholars have countered that they were similar to serfs. Peasants were governed directly by local aristocrats.

Early Chinese Culture
The Shang dynasty gave birth to much of modern Chinese culture, and thus set the 'template' for further development by future dynasties.

Chinese writing had its origins in Shang culture as a means to unify the various dialects spoken by regional Chinese. The earliest forms of writing were depicted using pictographs, where primitive drawings conveyed symbols, objects, and ideas. Although not as detailed as Egyptian hieroglyphics or other ancient forms of writing, the pictographs served as a basic form of written communication. As years passed and the language grew, ideographs replaced these pictures, and used more simplified symbols to communicate. Combinations of symbols produced characters, which could be used to express more complex ideas. Over time, more and more characters became incorporated into the Chinese language. Scribes learned the writing system to record historical accounts and other royal documentation; they used calligraphy as a 'script' to record such observations.

Shang religion was characterized by a combination of animism (spiritual control of the world) and ancestral respect and worship. Natural and mythological symbols such as the moon, sun, wind, rain, dragon, and phoenix were controlled by respective gods, to whom peasants prayed for bountiful harvests. Festivals became common and celebrated the gods in hopes for a good spring harvest. The great god Shang Di, believed to rule over humanity and nature, was consulted by rulers for advice and wisdom. Thus, Shang kings believed themselves to be divine rulers. Priests frequently consulted both the gods and rulers as well - they inscribed divine questions on oracle bones (dried animal bones, especially turtle shells) and heated them until a series of cracks appeared on the surface. These cracks were interpreted in an attempt to seek answers to such questions.

The Chinese also established a lunar calendar that was used to predict and record events such as harvests, births, and deaths (of rulers and peasants alike). The system assumed a 29-day month that began and ended with each new moon; twelve lunar months comprised one lunar year. Priests and astronomers were trained to recalculate the lunar year and add enough days such that each year lasted 365 days. Because the calendar was used to time both crop planting and harvest, the king had to employ skilled astronomers such that predicted dates (and successes) of annual harvests would help him maintain support from the people.

The Zhou Dynasty (1122 B.C. - 256 B.C.)
Toward the end of the Shang dynasty, a new faction of rebels amassed within the empire. Naming themselves the Zhou, they overthrew the last of the Shang kings in 1122 B.C. and instituted the Zhou dynasty, with its capital at present-day Xi'an.

"Mandate of Heaven"
The Zhou claimed that their rule had been justified by the mandate of heaven, the idea that the king was chosen by the gods (as the "Son of Heaven") but could be deposed if he ruled unfairly or tyrannically. In other words, the Zhou believed that the last Shang king lost his mandate and 'transferred' it to the new ruler, who in turn became 'blessed' by the gods. The mandate of heaven was also used to justify the demise of the Xia dynasty as well, and would be repeated by future dynasties.


text:
Deschampsia

Deschampsia is a genus of plants in the grass family, commonly known as hair grass or tussock grass. The genus is widespread across many countries.

The genus is named for French physician and naturalist Louis Auguste Deschamps (1765–1842).

Deschampsia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some species of Lepidoptera, including antler moth, the clay, clouded-bordered brindle, common wainscot, dark arches, dusky brocade, shoulder-striped wainscot, smoky wainscot and wall.

Deschampsia sometimes grow in boggy acidic formations, an example of which is the Portlethen Moss, Scotland. Deschampsia antarctica is the world's most southern monocot, and one of only two flowering plants of Antarctica.

Some species, such as D. cespitosa and D. flexuosa, are grown as ornamental garden plants.

Species

 * Deschampsia airiformis (Steud.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia angusta Stapf & C.E.Hubb. – Zaire, Kenya, Uganda
 * Deschampsia antarctica E.Desv. – Chile, Argentina, Antarctica, Falkland Islands, South Georgia, Crozet Islands, Heard-McDonald Islands, Kerguelen Islands, South Sandwich Islands
 * Deschampsia argentea Lowe – Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands
 * Deschampsia atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Scheele – northern Eurasia, North America, Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia baicalensis Tzvelev – Irkutsk
 * Deschampsia berteroniana (Kunth) F.Meigen – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia bottnica (Wahlenb.) Trin. – Kvarken Archipelago (part of Finland)
 * Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. – temperate, subarctic, and alpine regions in North America, Eurasia, Africa, Australia, various islands
 * Deschampsia chapmanii Petrie – New Zealand incl Antipodes, Macquarie Islands
 * Deschampsia christophersenii C.E.Hubb. – Tristan da Cunha
 * Deschampsia cordillerarum Hauman – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia danthonioides (Trin.) Munro – Annual hairgrass – Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia, western USA, Mexico
 * Deschampsia elongata (Hook.) Munro – Chile, Argentina, United States including Alaska, Canada, Mexico
 * Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin – Eurasia, alpine areas in Africa; northern North America, southern South America, Falkland Islands
 * Deschampsia foliosa Hack. – Azores
 * Deschampsia gracillima Kirk New Zealand including Antipodes, Tasmania
 * Deschampsia kingii (Hook.f.) É.Desv. – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia klossii Ridl. – Lesser Sunda Islands, New Guinea
 * Deschampsia koelerioides Regel – Siberia, Central Asia, China, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Pakistan
 * Deschampsia laxa Phil. – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia leskovii Tzvelev – northern European Russia
 * Deschampsia liebmanniana (E.Fourn.) Hitchc. – Mexico
 * Deschampsia ligulata (Stapf) Henrard – Borneo
 * Deschampsia looseriana Parodi – Chile
 * Deschampsia maderensis (Hack. & Bornm.) Buschm. – Madeira
 * Deschampsia media (Gouan) Roem. & Schult. – central and southern Europe, Morocco, Caucasus
 * Deschampsia mejlandii C.E.Hubb. – Tristan da Cunha
 * Deschampsia mendocina Parodi – Argentina
 * †Deschampsia mexicana Scribn. – Mexico, apparently extinct
 * Deschampsia mildbraedii Pilg. – Cameroon
 * Deschampsia nubigena Hillebr. – Hawaii
 * Deschampsia parvula (Hook.f.) É.Desv. – Chile, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Anvers Island
 * Deschampsia patula (Phil.) Skottsb. – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia pusilla Petrie – New Zealand South Island
 * Deschampsia robusta C.E.Hubb. – Tristan da Cunha
 * Deschampsia setacea (Huds.) Hack. – northern and western Europe
 * Deschampsia tenella Petrie – New Zealand
 * Deschampsia venustula Parodi – Chile, Argentina
 * Deschampsia wacei C.E.Hubb. - Tristan da Cunha

Formerly included
Deschampsia formerly included many species now placed in other genera, such as Aira, Antinoria, Bromus, Calamagrostis, Centropodia, Colpodium, Dissanthelium, Holcus, Periballia, Peyritschia, Poa, Trisetum and Vahlodea.

title: Deschampsia


text:
Ada Programming/Libraries/System.Address Image

Description
Address_Image is a GNAT specific function that returns a string (hexadecimal digits with upper-case letters) representing the address (string is 8/16 bytes for 32/64-bit machines).

System.Address_Image (A : System.Address) String; (System.Address_Image);

The Address_Image function is a child unit of the System package.

Wikibook

 * Ada Programming
 * Ada Programming/Libraries
 * Ada Programming/Libraries/System

Ada Reference Manual
- extension to the standard -

|System.Address_Image


text:
Toki Pona

 * Note: This creative work by Wikibooks editors is based on the Toki Pona language, currently published in the official Toki Pona book and website: https://tokipona.org

Toki Pona is a constructed language designed by Canadian translator and linguist Sonja Lang. Toki Pona is a minimalistic language. Like a pidgin, it focuses on simple concepts and elements that are relatively universal among cultures. It was designed to express maximal meaning with minimal complexity. The language is spoken with only 14 phonemes and 120 to 137 generally accepted words, depending on the speaker. It was not designed as an, but instead inspired by Taoist philosophy, among other things.

The language as of 2022 has been in continuous use for almost 20 years, and the online communities in which it operates boast thousands or tens of thousands of members. The speaker community (corpus) is large enough for a formal linguistic survey. Please feel free to contribute to the writing of any section. Keep in mind that this is an objective document describing the usage of Toki Pona and not a creative document of language construction. Please briefly quote the Toki Pona and give due credit to all sources to support your analysis.

In sections where toki pona "lacks" a construction, explain what periphrasic techniques have been observed to express the same thing. Very frequently when one reads that a language lacks tense or grammar, what is being expressed is that the tense or grammar is isolating, periphrasic or lexical and not inflecting. toki pona is almost entirely isolating, so it will be tempting but incorrect to fill in all the sections with "toki pona does not have comparatives, datives, etc"

It is hoped that readers and contributors will both learn about field linguistics and better understand how toki pona has been used.

The Morphosyntax of Toki Pona

 * /Demographic information/ - Name of Language, Ethnology, Demography, Genetic Affiliation, Previous Research.,The sociolinguistic situation, Dialects
 * /Morphological typology/ - Traditional morphological typology,Morphological processes, Head/dependent marking
 * /Grammatical categories/ - Nouns, Verbs, Numerals, Modifiers, Adverbs
 * /Constituent order typology/ - Constituent order in main clauses, Verb phrase, Noun phrase, Adpositional phrases, Comparatives, Question particles and question words, Summary
 * /Noun and noun-phrase operations/ - Articles, determiners, and demonstratives
 * /Predicate nominals and related constructions/ - Predicate nominals, Predicate adjectives (attributive clauses), Predicate locatives, Existentials, Possessive clauses
 * /Grammatical relations/ - What constructions are used to express subject, agent and patient?
 * /Voice and valence adjusting operations/ - Valence increasing operations: Applicatives, Dative shift, Dative of interest, Possessor raising or external possession, Valence decreasing operations, reflexives and reciprocals, Passives, Inverses, Middle constructions, Antipassives, Object demotion or omission, Object [noun] incorporation
 * /Other verb and verb-phrase operations/ - Nominalization,Compounding (including incorporation), Tense/Aspect/Mode, Location/direction, Participant reference, Evidentiality, validationality, and mirativity, Miscellaneous
 * /Pragmatically marked structures/ - Pragmatic statuses, Negation, Non-declarative speech acts
 * /Clause combinations/ -Serial verbs,Complement clauses, Adverbial clauses, Clause chaining, medial clauses, and switch reference, Relative clauses, Coordination
 * /The language in use/

The Original Specifications of Toki Pona

 * /Areas where usage conflicts with the specifications/ -Observed toki pona usage may be wrong relative to the specification. The originally published lessons and word lists are analogous to style guides. They do influence how people use the language, but from a field linguistics standpoint, they are not authoritative.
 * /The evolution of toki pona/ -This refers to the real world evolution of usage.

Legacy Pages

 * First Lesson - Phonology
 * Toki Pona to English word list

Learning Toki Pona

 * Updated jan Pije's lessons

Toki pona Tokipono Toki pona Toki Pona トキポナ Токипона

title: Toki Pona


text:
Ada Programming/Types/range

A is a signed integer value which ranges from a  to a last. It is defined as

First .. Last

When a value is assigned to an object with such a range constraint, the value is checked for validity and Constraint_Error exception is raised when the value is not within to.

When declaring a range type, the corresponding mathematical operators are implicitly declared by the language at the same place.

The compiler is free to choose a suitable underlaying hardware type for this user defined type.

Working example
The following example defines a new range from -5 to 10 and then prints the whole range out.

; Range_1 Range_Type  -5 .. 10;    T_IO  Ada.Text_IO; I_IO  Ada.Text_IO.Integer_IO (Range_Type); A Range_Type I_IO.Put (         Item  => A,          Width => 3,          Base  => 10); A < Range_Type' T_IO.Put (","); T_IO.New_Line; ;    ;  Range_1;

Wikibook

 * Ada Programming
 * Ada Programming/Types
 * Ada Programming/Keywords/range

Ada Reference Manual

|Range

Programación en Ada/Tipos/Enteros

title: Ada Programming/Types/range


text:
Daniel Weitzner

Daniel J. Weitzner is the director of the MIT Internet Policy Research Initiative and principal research scientist at the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab CSAIL. He teaches Internet public policy in MIT's Computer Science Department. His research includes development of accountable systems architectures to enable the Web to be more responsive to policy requirements.

Online privacy
Weitzner is an expert in online privacy who has had significant impact in the field. He served as the Deputy Chief Technology Officer of the United States from 2011 to 2012, where he focused on Internet policy and privacy. During his tenure as a White House technology official, he oversaw a consumer privacy initiative and was primarily responsible for the creation of the Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights and the OECD Internet Policymaking Principles

Weitzner and several colleagues wrote the Information Accountability paper, which proposed an alternative approach to information policy where individuals and institutions determine for themselves the way information about them is used lawfully and appropriately by others.

Weitzner co-directs the Decentralized Information Group Tim Berners-Lee and is heading a new, cross-MIT research initiative: MIT Internet Policy Research Initiative funded by the Hewlett Foundation. He facilitated discussions and workshops on technology issues such as artificial intelligence (AI) and encryption.

Weitzner's background in the area of privacy and policy includes his work as a founder of the Center for Democracy and Technology and a stint as the Deputy Policy Director of the Electronic Frontier Foundation. He is also Founding member, Director and Trustee of the Web Science Trust.

Education
Weitzner has a law degree from University at Buffalo Law School and a B.A. in philosophy from Swarthmore College. His writings have appeared in Science magazine, Yale Law Review, Communications of the ACM the Washington Post, Wired Magazine and Social Research.

title: Daniel Weitzner


text:
zakon

Etymology
Borrowed from a language, compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬. Ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) practice
 * 2) custom
 * 3)  kanun
 * 4)  period
 * 1)  period

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) law

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) law

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) order
 * 2)  religion, faith
 * 3)  Holy Scripture
 * 4)  piety
 * 5)  legal or moral duty

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) law, rule
 * 2)  religion, confession, creed
 * 3)  police, law enforcement
 * 4)  excellent, awesome, amazing

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) law
 * 2) marriage

Etymology
.

title: zakon


text:
Cheryomnoye

Cheryomnoye (Черёмное) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Cheryomnovsky Selsoviet, Pavlovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 4,624 as of 2013. There are 31 streets.

Geography
Cheryomnoye is located 36 km southeast of Pavlovsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sarai is the nearest rural locality.

authors: Витёк Артамонов

title: Cheryomnoye


text:
Gresham Professor of Geometry

The Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, London, gives free educational lectures to the general public. The college was founded for this purpose in 1597, when it created seven professorships; this was later increased to ten. Geometry is one of the original professorships as set out by the will of Thomas Gresham in 1575. The Professor of Geometry is appointed in partnership with the City of London Corporation.

List of Gresham Professors of Geometry
Note, the notation used in dates given as, for example, "159$6/7$" refer to the practice of dual dating dates between 1 January and 25 March.

title: Gresham Professor of Geometry


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Border Police of Georgia

The result was: promoted by Cwmhiraeth (talk) 06:09, 4 October 2017 (UTC)

Border Police of Georgia
Created by Jionunez (talk). Self-nominated at 00:51, 22 September 2017 (UTC).
 * ... that the Border Police of Georgia have continued to help enforce Georgian sovereignty over Abkhazia and South Ossetia since the end of the Russo-Georgian War?
 * ALT1:... that the Border Police of Georgia participated in the Russo-Georgian War, resulting in multiple Georgian casualties?

 * Symbol confirmed.svg QPQ done, created in time, new article, hook is interesting, source checks out, no copyvio issues, within policy. Good to go! Futurist110 (talk) 05:24, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Symbol question.svg There is no QPQ listed here, so the review is problematic. I don't know whether a QPQ would be required for this contributor, but the review doesn't address that point at all. BlueMoonset (talk) 04:09, 28 September 2017 (UTC)

 * This is only my third ever DYK nomination, so QPQ is not required. Jionunez (talk) 01:47, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Many reviews do not mention whether the QPQ has been checked and I do not think it is worth holding up this nomination solely for this reason. Cwmhiraeth (talk) 06:09, 4 October 2017 (UTC)


text:
C Programming/Procedures and functions/printf

About the printf Function
In C, the   function prints the optional arguments under the control of the template string template to the stream stdout. It returns the number of characters printed, or a negative value if an output error occurred.

int printf (const char *template, ...)

For more information about printf in general, see the Wikipedia article on printf.

Output Conversions
Here is a table summarizing what all the different conversions do in the C implementation of printf:

 * `%d', `%i' : Print an integer as a signed decimal number. `%d' and `%i' are synonymous for output, but are different when used with  function  for input.

 * `%o' : Print an integer as an unsigned octal number.

 * `%u' : Print an integer as an unsigned decimal number.

 * `%x', `%X' : Print an integer as an unsigned hexadecimal number. `%x' uses lower-case letters and `%X' uses upper-case.

 * `%f' : Print a floating-point number in normal (fixed-point) notation.

 * `%e', `%E' : Print a floating-point number in exponential notation. `%e' uses lower-case letters and `%E' uses upper-case.

 * `%g', `%G' : Print a floating-point number in either normal or exponential notation, whichever is more appropriate for its magnitude. `%g' uses lower-case letters and `%G' uses upper-case.

 * `%a', `%A' : Print a floating-point number in a hexadecimal fractional notation which the exponent to base 2 represented in decimal digits. `%a' uses lower-case letters and `%A' uses upper-case.

 * `%c' : Print a single character.

 * `%lc' : Print a single wide character.

 * `%C' : This is an alias for `%lc'. (This is a non-standard Unix-specific extension.)

 * `%s' : Print a string.

 * `%ls' : Print a wide character string.

 * `%S' : This is an alias for `%ls'. (This is a non-standard Unix-specific extension.)

 * `%p' : Print the value of a pointer.

 * `%n' : Get the number of characters printed so far. Note that this conversion specification never produces any output.

 * `%m' : Print the string corresponding to the value of  variable. (This is a non-standard GNU extension.)

 * `%%' : Print a literal `%' character.

If the syntax of a conversion specification is invalid, unpredictable things will happen, so don't do this. If there aren't enough function arguments provided to supply values for all the conversion specifications in the template string, or if the arguments are not of the correct types, the results are unpredictable. If you supply more arguments than conversion specifications, the extra argument values are simply ignored; this is sometimes useful.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Aetherverse

The result was delete. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 19:07, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

The Aetherverse

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Lack of notability. New E-book with non-notable authors. Main editor appears to be adding to links/mentions in multiple articles MartinezMD (talk) 03:45, 22 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. I am unable to find coverage to show that this book meets WP:GNG or WP:BKCRIT.  gongshow  talk  03:55, 22 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nothing to indicate notability is met, as stated. 331dot (talk) 08:33, 22 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Literature-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 11:30, 22 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
Khmilnyk

Khmilnyk (Хмільник, ; Chmielnik; Хмельник) is a resort city in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Khmilnyk Raion within the oblast. Population:

The town is situated in the upper part of the Southern Bug River, 67 km northeast of Vinnytsia. It is one of the oldest cities of Podillia.

Early history
The town was first mentioned in writing in 1362. Prince Algirdas gathered a large army for the Battle of Blue Waters, in which he defeated Kotlubug, Kachubej, and Dmytro, who owned Podillia. The town includes an island that served as a hiding place for raiders during the Tatar invasions. This island was called Khmilnyk for the hop plants which grew there in abundance; in Ukrainian, "khmilnyk" means hop garden). Khmilnyk is situated not far from "Black Way", the road often used by Tatar armies.

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
In 1434, Khmilnyk became part of Poland's Khmilnyk district of Podillia province. After the town obtained Magdeburg rights in 1448, different crafts and trades grew. Poland considered Khmilnyk to be an advanced post of its possessions, so the town was strengthened. In 1534, the Polish king fortified the town with a stone wall with towers and a castle.

After the Brest union in 1596, oppression of the local inhabitants grew, which caused rebellions against the gentry. In 1594, Khmilnyk was captured by Cossack detachments of Severyn Nalyvaiko. In 1637, the Cossacks returned with Pavlyuk as their leader. In the period of the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1654), rebel detachments of Khmilnyk's inhabitants joined the army of Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Maksym Kryvonis captured the castle. More than once, the town was the site of battles between Cossacks and gentry armies. As a result, the town was devastated.

In 1672–1699, Khmilnyk was held by the Ottoman EmpireTurks. They fortified the castle, built a mosque, and made secret passages. Endless battles between Turks and Poles resulted in the decay of commerce, and the town's population shrank. In 1699, Khmilnyk was recaptured by Poland.

Russian Empire period
In 1793, Khmilnyk and Podillya towns were captured by the Russian Empire. After the formation of Bratslav province on 22 May 1795, Khmilnyk became one of its district towns, and the coat of arms was consolidated into it on 22 January 1796. In 1797 Catherine II presented Khmilnyk and its districts, with a population of 6,070 people, to Count Bezborodko.

On June 9, 1804, Khmilnyk became part of the Litinsky Uyezd of Podolia Governorate and remained in this position until the October Revolution (1917). There were four Orthodox churches there until 1910. With industrial development, the town population grew, and in 1915 Khmilnyk had 18,300 people.

In 1878, a weaving mill was founded, and in 1905, a brewery, sawmill and iron foundry began operations. There were 1616 craftsmen, which included 470 seamstresses, 250 tailors and 230 furriers. At the beginning of the twentieth century Khmilnyk had undergone social changes. The economic decay of 1907-1910 was interspersed by some economic revivals.

In 1911, there were 22 enterprises and 67 different workshops dealing with processing the products of cattle-breeding, woodwork, and metal, and many independent craftsmen.

In the 1920s, Soviet authorities settled in Khmilnyk to control the population and discourage intellectuals. Churches were closed down. In the 1930s, Khmilnyk became a resort.

World War II
Khmilnyk was devastated by World War II. In June 1941 the front came close to Khmilnyk, and on 16 July 1941, the German army captured the town.

The Jewish population of the occupied town was decimated in a violent genocide. On two bloody Fridays (9 and 16 January 1942), German divisions slaughtered more than 8,000 of the town's inhabitants. In Khmilnyk a total of 11,743 innocent victims were shot to death. To commemorate this, a monument was erected and a service held on 19 August 1988, at the massacre site. On 18 July 2002, the Memorial to the Victims of Nazism was opened in Khmilnyk. While the Ukrainian "police" assisted the Gestapo in killing the victims, the Memorial includes the recognition of the efforts of the Ukrainian people who helped the Jews during the German Nazi occupation at the risk of being killed with their families.

On 18 February 1944, after the battle near Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi, the 1st Ukrainian Front began the Proskuriv-Chernivtsi operation, which was decisive for the liberation of the town and the whole district. On the morning of 10 March 1944, soldiers of the 71st and 276th divisions captured the left-bank part of Khmilnyk and the Mazurivka and Sydoryha settlements. After violent fights on 18 March 1944, the town and district were liberated from German invaders.

Famous resort town
In 1934, scientists found radon water while searching for drinking water in Khmilnyk. Since 1970, Khmilnyk has been designated as a spa resort of republican value.

Khmilnyk is a modern balneological resort with seven health centers. It has the capacity to treat 50,000 from Ukraine and other countries every year. The main medicinal factor at the resort is radon water. The radon water is formed during the circulation of water through granites of the Ukrainian crystal shield.

Twin towns
Khmilnyk is twinned with:

 * 🇵🇱 Busko-Zdrój, Poland
 * 🇵🇱 Szczawnica, Poland

Culture and architecture
Khmilnyk has several architectural and historical monuments. Saint Trinity Church was built in 1603 and restored in 1729. Four Orthodox churches were built between 1801 and 1910. The city has a Turkish mosque and the palace of K.I. Ksido. Monuments to Bogdan Khmelnitsky were built to commemorate his leadership in the liberation war of the Ukrainian people against Polish social and religious oppression (1648–1654). There is a red granite statue of Lenin, seated; the statue sits on the top of a hill overlooking the town centre. There is a monument to soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War, the Glory Monument to War Heroes, and an obelisk to soldiers of 18th Army, 71st and 276th divisions that liberated Khmilnyk in March 1944. In 1991 a monument to Taras Shevchenko was built.

Holy Trinity Church
Holy Trinity Church was built in 1603. During the time of the Tatars occupation (1672–1699), it was ruined. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, the church was repaired, and in 1728 it was sanctified a second time.

The church is a four-pillar basilica in the Toscana baroque style. Side niches are joined by cross-like cranes and the central niche has a semicircle crane. During the 1930s and 1940s, the church was twice closed by communists. A blacksmith's shop was opened at the altar and prisoners worked there.

In the 1970s, the central entrance to the churchyard was closed due to the widening of the road. Now the central gates are situated on the other side. When the weather is fine, everybody in Khmilnyk can hear the ringing of the bells, recently donated to the church by the Polish government.

Castle tower and secret passages
In the center of Khmilnyk, above the river, an eight-sided building with loopholes and counterforts can be seen. This is the only preserved castle tower out of the six that were built. In 1534, the king fortified the castle against numerous attacks from the Turks and the Tatars. The castle was built on a man-made hill and town was surrounded with stone walls. A channel dug between the South Bug and Tasthusha rivers turned the town and fort into an island.

During the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1654, the castle was devastated by Cossacks. From 1672 to 1699, the castle was owned by Turks. They strengthened the defensive buildings, built a mosque and secret passages passing under the river and leading to the outskirts of the city. Some of the passages were later abandoned, used as storehouses, and part was made into a nightclub. The section that passed under the river has since collapsed and flooded. Only a small part is now accessible from the Стара Фортреця (Stara Fortretsia — "old fortress") Restaurant located directly under the castle. In the eighteenth century, the castle lost its defensive function and was gradually ruined. The preserved mosque tower was restored many times, and between 1804 and 1917 it was turned into an Orthodox Church.

Palace of K. I. Ksido
Near the castle tower is a building that at first sight seems to be old. This is the palace of the local landlord K. I. Ksido. At the beginning of the twentieth century, he initiated a project to construct a large palace and park complex according to a design by the Russian architect Ivan Fomin, but it was not finished. The complex consists of the palace and an arc-like Venice bridge over the river.

The palace is an example of neoclassical architecture uniting the forms of Renaissance and Classicism. The building has two floors, and is quadratic, with towers on the main façade and corners. There was a dome rotunda on the roof but it was knocked off by a Soviet air attack during World War II.

From 1920 to 1964, the building was used for agronomic and electronic schools, storehouses, a mill, and several different establishments. Since 1964 it has been used as a hotel. Now, the building is in very poor condition and needs major repairs.

Famous people connected with Khmilnyk

 * Oleksandr Korniychuk – Ukrainian playwright whose works include the problematic romantic revolutionary myth "Death of the Squadron" and the pro-collectivisation farce "In the steppes of Ukraine", which drew admiration from Stalin himself.
 * Pelageya Lytvynova-Bartosh (1833–1904) – ethnographer and folklore researcher
 * Viktor Bronyuk (1979–) – Ukrainian singer and frontman of TiK was born nearby Khmilnyk.
 * Ian Murphy – British journalist, actor, and singer who lived in Khmilnyk during the early 1990s. His biggest hit single was "Come On England" with the band 4-4-2 in 2004, which reached #2 in the U.K.. His one-man theatrical show "Talking Heads" toured the UK for six weeks in 1994 and toured Europe in 1995. It included three sold-out performances at the Cultural Palace in Khmilnyk with a historic seven standing ovations on opening night to welcome the return of the local hero. He was the first man to tour the Alan Bennett production outside of the UK, uniquely playing all six roles to universal acclaim. His writings are studied throughout the Khmilnyk public school system with which he is associated. He was the Best Man at the wedding of Slava and Vika Savinski.
 * Emily Kessler – Mandolin player and Holocaust survivor, who made her Lincoln Center debut in New York in 2014. Yefim (Haim) Tsiprin, a partisan and a Holocaust survivor whose whole family was killed in 1942, helped Emily Kessler and her son and others.
 * Isaak Mikhailovich Abovich – born on 29 June 1937. His uncle, niece, grandmother, three cousins and other relatives are buried there. Abovich organized the construction of the Memorial to Victims of Nazi in Khmilnyk. Abovich has dedicated his life to building and preserving the Memorial and the Jewish Cemetery in Khmilnyk where he also constructed two memorials to unknown victims.
 * Yefim (Haim) Tsiprin – born on April 11, 1917, recipient of the Medal for Valor and Order of World War II. Yefim was the survivor of Golodomor (1933) and had weak bones. The Soviet Army did not enlist him. His older brother had a severe case of ulcer and could not move thus the family decided to remained in Khmilnyk. Nazi were in Khmilnyk in July 1941. Yefim joined the Resistance immediately after German Nazi occupied Khmilnyk (partisan ticket #35). His whole family (grandmother, mother, older brother and his wife, older sister with two children (three years old and five years old) was slaughtered in 1942. Yefim continued to fight Nazi and helped Jewish people to escape from the German Nazi's Khmilnyk to Zhmerinka (then under the Romanian governance, including Emily Kessler and her son). In October 1988, he and his family immigrated to the US. Yefim died on November 4, 2008, and is buried in the Jewish Cemetery in Seattle, WA.
 * Kseniya Popaduk - born in 1911, from Village of Malyi Mytnyk. Her husband Yakov Popaduk was in the Army. In 1942, Kseniya had a small daughter and found a 5-year-old girl near her house. This girl spoke Ukrainian with the Yiddish accent and had dark hair and dark eyes. Her name was Raisa Tsiprin and her mother was killed shortly before by the Nazi and the Ukrainian Police and her father Yakov Tsiprin was in the Soviet Army fighting Nazi. Ms. Popadyk, at the risk of her family, was hiding little girl Raisa in the cellar and other places. If Nazi would have found out about this, Ms. Popaduk and her family would have been killed. Ms. Popaduk never received any official recognition for her heroic efforts but the little girl she saved lived until 2015 and had 2 children. In 2016, her name was added to the list of Righteous people (Holocaust Memorial in Khmilnyk).
 * Maria Cherkunova - the famous model is known to have frequented Khmilnyk's sanatoriums in her youth, living locally to the area. Manager of the D*Lux nightclub in Kyiv.
 * Vasyl Poryk - hero of the Soviet Union, the national hero of France during World War II
 * Emiliya Savinska - renowned educator and translator, known for her innovative approach to teaching ESL which integrated 20th Century Western culture into classroom activities.
 * Mykhailo Stelmakh - famous Ukrainian writer
 * Kari Tamlinska - entrepreneur and nightclub manager, spent her formative years in Khmilnyk
 * Przecław Lanckoroński - Cossack military leader d.1531. Starost of Chmielnik.
 * Hillel HaLevi Malisov of Paritch, a Levite by birth, commonly known as Reb Hillel Paritcher (1795–1864) was a famous Orthodox Jewish Chabad Rabbi in Russia. Specifically, he served as a Mashpia (Hasidic mentor) and communal rabbi in the towns of Paritch (Parwich), near Minsk, Russia, and Bobroisk, Belarus. He was considered exceptional in his scholarship and piety, and is referred to as a Tzadik, and even as a "half Rebbe." He was born in Khmilnyk, but grew up in the town of Chemtz( which is in the vicinity of Minsk) Although he was originally a disciple of Rabbi Mordechai of Chernobyl, he became a disciple of Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (though he never saw him) after learning in a “hidden” Tanya without the title page. In 1815 he began to travel regularly to Rabbi Dovber of Lubavitch and, after the latter's passing, became a disciple of Rabbi Dovber's successor, Rabbi Menachem Mendel. Hillel was born with exceptional gifts, and he strove diligently in Torah study. At thirteen he had mastered the Talmud, and at fifteen, the Kabbalistic works of the Arizal. The latter accomplishment was a wonder even then. In addition, he trained himself in self-discipline to the point that his body was mobilised to act only as the Torah prescribes, and even to conform with Kabbalah. Rabbi Hillel's way was to study Chasidic texts for many hours and then pray and meditate for many hours.

title: Khmilnyk


text:
Talk:Alan Orr Anderson

RE: Place of Birth
Calgacus, do we know his place of birth?
 * No, sorry Mais Oui!, I don't have that information. I can try get it at the library today so you can put him in his native region category. :) - Calgacus (ΚΑΛΓΑΚΟΣ) 08:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Ah, you know me too well. --Mais oui! 10:43, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * OK, tried my best, Dictionary of National Biography, etc, etc, couldn't find anything. Sorry. - Calgacus (ΚΑΛΓΑΚΟΣ) 22:14, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks anyway.--Mais oui! 23:11, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I asked someone who might know, and he said he spent most of his life in Dundee. - Calgacus (ΚΑΛΓΑΚΟΣ) 23:11, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alan Orr Anderson


text:
Talk:Charles Schomberg, Marquess of Harwich

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1979 in Thailand

The year 1979 was the 198th year of the Rattanakosin Kingdom of Thailand. It was the 34th year in the reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), and is reckoned as year 2522 in the Buddhist Era.

Incumbents

 * King: Bhumibol Adulyadej
 * Crown Prince: Vajiralongkorn
 * Prime Minister: Kriangsak Chamanan
 * Supreme Patriarch: Ariyavangsagatayana VII

title: 1979 in Thailand


text:
DenyHosts

DenyHosts is a log-based intrusion-prevention security tool for SSH servers written in Python. It is intended to prevent brute-force attacks on SSH servers by monitoring invalid login attempts in the authentication log and blocking the originating IP addresses. DenyHosts is developed by Phil Schwartz, who is also the developer of Kodos Python Regular Expression Debugger.

Operation
DenyHosts checks the end of the authentication log for recent failed login attempts. It records information about their originating IP addresses and compares the number of invalid attempts to a user-specified threshold. If there have been too many invalid attempts it assumes a dictionary attack is occurring and prevents the IP address from making any further attempts by adding it to  on the server. DenyHosts 2.0 and above support centralized synchronization, so that repeat offenders are blocked from many computers. The site denyhosts.net gathers statistics from computers running the software.

DenyHosts is restricted to connections using IPv4. It does not work with IPv6.

DenyHosts may be run manually, as a daemon, or as a cron job.

Discoveries
In July 2007, The Register reported that from May until July that year, "compromised computers" at Oracle UK were listed among the ten worst offenders for launching brute force SSH attacks on the Internet, according to public DenyHosts listings. After an investigation, Oracle denied suggestions that any of its computers had been compromised.

Vulnerabilities
Daniel B. Cid wrote a paper showing that DenyHosts, as well the similar programs Fail2ban and BlockHosts, were vulnerable to remote log injection, an attack technique similar to SQL injection, in which a specially crafted user name is used to trigger a block against a site chosen by the attacker. This was fixed in version 2.6.

Forks and descendants
Since there had been no further development by the original author Phil Schwartz after the release of version 2.6 (December 2006) and claimed version 2.7 (November 2008) for which no actual downloadable package is available, development was first continued in February 2012 by Matt Ruffalo in a GitHub repository. An independent and separate fork was started at the almost-identically named DenyHost SourceForge project site with the release of a different version 2.7 in May 2014. After version 2.9, the new SourceForge project has merged with the earlier GitHub repository, and newer versions are available via both means.

The software that runs the centralized synchronization server which DenyHosts versions 2.0 and above can use, has never been released. Independent synchronization server software has been developed by Jan-Pascal van Best since June 2015.

title: DenyHosts


text:
Ondu Hennu Aaru Kannu

Ondu Hennu Aaru Kannu is a 1980 Indian Kannada-language film directed by V. Madhusudhana Rao, produced by C. H. Prakash Rao and written by M. D. Sundar. The film has an ensemble cast including Ananth Nag, Shankar Nag, Ambareesh, Fatafat Jayalaxmi and Balakrishna. The film had a musical score by S. Rajeswara Rao.

Cast

 * Anant Nag as Ajay
 * Shankar Nag as Vijay
 * Ambareesh as Ravi
 * Thoogudeepa Srinivas as Rudrayya/Santosh
 * T. N. Balakrishna as Pappanna
 * Fatafat Jayalaxmi as Radha
 * Musuri Krishnamurthy as Babu Rao
 * Leelavathi as Rajamma, Ajay and Vijay's mother
 * Uma Shivakumar as Suvarna, Rudrayya's wife
 * Chindodi Leela as Nurse Nagamma
 * K. S. Ashwath as Ajay and Vijay's father
 * Shakti Prasad as Prabhakar
 * Ceylon Manohar as Crocodile
 * Anuradha as Rani

Soundtrack
The music of the film was composed by S. Rajeswara Rao with lyrics penned by Chi. Udaya Shankar.

title: Ondu Hennu Aaru Kannu


text:
Surjeet Singh Deol

Surjeet Singh Deol (9 August 1924 – 8 June 1984) was a Kenyan field hockey player. He competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 1960 Summer Olympics. He is the father of Canadian hockey international Ranjeev Deol.

title: Surjeet Singh Deol


text:
User:Pamelaelize/sandbox

Internet Celebrities

When you think of the word internet celebrity what usually comes to mind maybe it's someone that got famous off a viral video, or there famous off a reality show or someone that post comedy videos. It doesn't take much for someone to go viral off trends, challenges, or recording someone doing something that made you laugh. Social media is evolving everyday and so are the people, a few of the biggest platforms out their are Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, Snapchat and Tick-Tok. Now people are aware that you can make a pretty good profit from these platforms so tons and tons of new and old influencers are either trying to make a name for themselves. Or trying to stay relevant of changing times a good example was vine everyone has heard of vine this use to be the place where you could find the funniest videos. A lot of influencers who are really big now started here, they used the platform to show millions of people what their talents were and why you should stay connected with them. King Bach had over 15.8 million followers, Lele Pons 11.17 millions followers, Rudy Mancuso 10.54 million followers and Logan Paul 9.35 million followers.They posted sketch comedy, impersonations they were a fresh generation of comedy stars who wanted people to know who they were.From Vine they went over to Instagram on this platform they continued creating their content and there supporters grew tremendously into the YouTube community. Once entering the YouTube community large brands started to reach out to them, so now they were able to travel with different brand deals, promote the brands and earn a profit.That also gave them the room to expand on their content, while also showing others what they did and what they are doing in order to be successful in the industry.

So what is YouTube and how was it able to help impact these influencers lives, well YouTube is a platform where people can post different content based on what their supporters enjoy watching such as food-related videos,funny-videos,or real events in day-to-day lives.So this new fresh generation took advance of this opportunity and made a prominent difference in people’s lives from there posts.The supporters enjoyed watching  their lives and all the success in the filming and entertainment industry that came along. It was something that was different for people to see so that is what kept bringing them back; Social media platforms allows them to reach larger audiences, which makes communication  with supporters way easier than before. Once someone liked the video then possibly shared it influencers become worldly widespread, and this is what bring them even more supporters. If people know who you are from around the world, you are now in the spotlight and consider a internet celebrity. But the clear difference between those who become a viral hit and influencers is how they can use that attention to help promote themselves for the better.

When it comes to Instagram couples, models and comedians these influencers  love to provide unique content for their supporters,  they want to do whatever it takes to bring bigger and better content. Supporters may suggest to the influencers to create a YouTube channel where they can bring their unique content ,make longer videos, and overall expand on their ideas. Once YouTube is made the influencers promote their content off Instagram so there supporters will come over to their channel and this will bring more people to discover who the influencer is and then subscribe. A prime example of a couple trying this out is YouTube couple De’arra & Ken this couple started off on Instagram then transited to YouTube with the support of their supporters, once they made there channel their career took off.The channel is called DK4L which stands for De’arra and Ken for life, so they started this channel on December 11,2014, they later created another channel called DK4L VLOGS which is a channel where they could post longer videos and show more of their day to day lives which was more-so vlogging. Their journey to were they are wasn't easy but with their drive and willingness to be better and do better is the reason for their success.So as of now their vlog channel has 2.49 million subscribers and their main channel has 5.8 million subscribers(on this source it says 3.6 million but it has grown form then.)This couple is growing and their success is the result of it.

De’arra and Ken have been in a relationship for three years De’arra who is 23 years and her man Ken who is 25 years old, their have different personalities that is what drew this couple together. De’arra is very entertaining and really outgoing and loves to trying different things.Ken is more like the mature one in the relationship, but he still brings the fun with different travel ideas, pranks, challenges. This is one of many couples out their building a platform for themselves not only from YouTube but different social media platforms; Social Media networks has helped millions of people create unique content that is  shared around the world, since their lives are out their for the public to see. It also come with negativity, people feel like they have the right to talk about people's life because it is out their for them to see.What influencers are now trying doing is taking time off to better themselves, and get a break from the internet focus more on their mental health. This topic about health whether it is mental health, physical health are things that are so important for people to understand needs to be talked more about. Mental health is now talked about more than ever before it has become the new normal to speck to others about certain things that a person may go through. Being in any social media platform having a good mental health status, knowing how to handle negativity, and still being able to grow and expand on who you are as a person is powerful. More light should be shined on people are overcoming all these odds and is still keeping a smile on their face while living their best lives, overall social media is a place. Where anyone can go to see different things and learn something new, but it should also be a place where people lift each other up when they fall rather than bring each other down.

;

title: User:Pamelaelize/sandbox


text:
Déflaboxe

Déflaboxe is the fourth studio album by Québécois singer and musician Daniel Bélanger. Déflaboxe is a concept album about a has-been box fighter. The sound of this album differs from his usual pop/rock sound to a Trip-Hop sound sampling various old Québecois records. Bélanger also uses a vocal delivery similar to slam.

Track listing

 * 1) "Intro" - 3:34
 * 2) "Round 1" - 2:48
 * 3) "Round 2" - 3:04
 * 4) "Round 3" - 5:38
 * 5) "Round 4" - 3:04
 * 6) "Round 5" - 3:34
 * 7) "Round 6" - 4:20
 * 8) "Round 7" - 3:59
 * 9) "Round 8" - 3:21
 * 10) "Round 9" - 3:49
 * 11) "Round 10" - 3:40

Personnel

 * Daniel Bélanger - Vocals, Lyrics, Programmation''
 * Carl Bastien - Keyboard, Bass, Drums, Guitar
 * Martin Roy - Bass
 * Jean-François Lauzon - Drums
 * Alain Bergé - Drums

title: Déflaboxe


text:
Peak Companies

Peak Companies (formerly known as Peak Corporate Network) is an American group of diversified real estate and financial services companies headquartered in Los Angeles, California. The company provides a comprehensive range of real estate solutions, including mortgage lending, loan servicing, real estate brokerage, property management, and investment services. As of 2024, thirteen entities operate under the Peak umbrella.

Overview
Established in 1991 by Los Angeles businessmen Eli Tene and Gil Priel, Peak originally focused on short sale transactions. In 2007, Peak started a private lending fund through a partnership with a $12 billion private family office.

In a bid to expand its operations in Southern California, Peak became a real estate franchisee of Century 21 Real Estate in September 2015. The following month, Century 21 Peak acquired Granada Hills, Los Angeles–based Century 21 All Moves, Century 21's oldest franchise. The acquisition of All Moves added about 100 employees to Century 21 Peak's residential real estate operation and increased Peak Corporate Network's total staff to 300 people. Peak subsequently expanded into the Inland Empire with the acquisition of two Upland, California–based firms: American Inland Empire R.E. Inc. in December 2016 and Century 21 Prestige in February 2017.

In May 2014, Peak Finance, a division of Peak Corporate Network, and Misuma Holdings, acquired the Myrtle Beach Mall in South Carolina for $45 million. In May 2016, Peak Financial and Misuma announced they would begin a $30 million renovation of the mall in 2017. In July 2017, Peak Finance secured nearly $103 million in financing for a North Hollywood, Los Angeles complex consisting of 297 apartments and a 365 By Whole Foods Market. Peak is the owner of InterServ, one of the largest nationwide hospitality renovation companies in the U.S.

title: Peak Companies


text:
Panorama Express

Panorama Express, abbreviated PE, is a special category of long-distance train in Switzerland. It was introduced with the December 2019 timetable change, and is generally used to denote tourism-focused services. Examples of such trains include the Bernina Express, Glacier Express, and Voralpen Express. Characteristics of a Panorama Express can include first- and second-class seating, air-conditioned coaches, and a limited number of intermediate stops. Advance reservations are often required but not necessarily compulsory.

title: Panorama Express


text:
Nam Hee-suk

Nam Hee-suk (born July 6, 1971), is a South Korean comedian. He also hosted Global Talk Show from 2006 to 2010.

Variety shows

 * 2014: Running Man (guest, ep. 207)
 * 2021: I'm Going to Meet You (Channel A, Host)

Awards and nominations

 * Won SBS 20th Anniversary Entertainment Top 10 Star Award in 2010 SBS Entertainment Awards

title: Nam Hee-suk


text:
firmemente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) firmly in a firm or definite or strong manner

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) firmly; strongly

title: firmemente


text:
Ramble Tamble

"Ramble Tamble" is a song written by John Fogerty and recorded by Creedence Clearwater Revival. It was released as the opening track on the band's fifth studio album, Cosmo's Factory, in 1970. It is known for its lengthy instrumental section and tempo changes.

The song has been singled out for critical praise, with music journalist Steven Hyden calling it "the most rockin' song of all time." AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine described it as a "claustrophobic, paranoid rocker" whose lengthy instrumental section "was dramatic and had a direction," unlike that of the band's rendition of "I Heard It Through the Grapevine". Brett Milano of udiscovermusic.com rated Fogerty's guitar solo as one of the 100 all-time greatest, stating that Fogerty "poured on the tension and the distortion, delivering a monster sound from the deep swamps." On the other hand, Rolling Stone critic John Grissim considered "Ramble Tamble" to be the only "unsatisfying" song on Cosmo's Factory.

"Ramble Tamble" developed from parts of the original version of an earlier Creedence Clearwater Revival song, "Commotion". A Southern rock song, it begins and ends with rockabilly elements, and contains a psychedelic rock breakdown lasting four minutes.

title: Ramble Tamble


text:
Darko Šuković

Darko Šuković Cyrillic: Дарко Шуковић, born in Pavino Polje, is a Montenegrin journalist. He is the owner and editor in chief at Radio Antena M and at the news website Portal Antena M. He is also the editor and host of the TV talk show Živa istina.

Career
He graduated with a law degree from the University of Law in Podgorica.

His career as a journalist started 1988 at Radio Titograd (now Radio Crne Gore). During 1990 he became the editor in chief of the magazine Krug, the first independent political newsletter in Montenegro. In 1991 he started working as a journalist at the weekly magazine, the Monitor.

From 1994–1996 he was the editor in chief at Antena M, the first independent news radio station in Montenegro. From 1998 to 2001 he was the deputy chief editor at Televizija Crne Gore. In October 2001 he returned to Antena M, as CEO, editor in chief and owner.

In 2016 he founded the online news platform Portal Antena M.

Živa istina, talk show
Šuković is writer and host of TV talk show named Živa istina. The broadcasting of Živa istina commenced in 2002, first on TV IN, then TV Atlas, and from 2016, on TV Prva.

title: Darko Šuković


text:
Mat Best

Mathew Alfred Best is an American internet personality, entrepreneur, and a former United States Army Ranger. Best joined the United States Army shortly after graduating high school, eventually serving five deployments with the 2nd Ranger Battalion, before working as a private contractor for the Central Intelligence Agency. He operates a popular comedic YouTube channel, has starred in one self-made movie, and published one book, a memoir of his military service. Best is also a co-founder of Black Rifle Coffee Company.

Early life
Best enlisted in the U.S. Army in 2004 at 17, three months after graduating high school. His father is a U.S. Marine who served in the Vietnam War, while both of his brothers served in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Iraq War.

He served five tours with the 2nd Ranger Battalion, four in the Iraq War, and one in Afghanistan. After leaving the military he worked as a contractor for the Central Intelligence Agency.

Career
He operates a popular satirical channel on the online video platform YouTube, where he produces content aimed at an audience of military service members, veterans, and the firearms community. Best began making videos in El Paso with then United States Air Force member Jarred Taylor, when Best would return during breaks from contracting tours overseas.

The channel has also released a number of music videos, including "Bitch I Operate", which peaked on the Billboard charts at 36.

Article 15 Clothing
In 2016, Article 15 partnered with another clothing company, Ranger Up, to produce a crowd-funded movie entitled Range 15. The film starred Best along with an ensemble of other veterans, including three Medal of Honor recipients, as well as Marcus Luttrell, best known as author of Lone Survivor, adapted into a film by the same name. The film won Best Film at the GI Film Festival. In the US military, Article 15 is a Non-judicial punishment.

Black Rifle Coffee Company
After a successful test roasting coffee under Article 15 Clothing with "Freedom Roast," Best formed Black Rifle Coffee Company in 2014, alongside Evan Hafer, Jarred Taylor and Richard Ryan. They promoted the company with provocative videos posted to YouTube, that Best described to CBS News as "way over the top". The company gained some criticism from others, for the following two 2017 incidents: an endorsement from Donald Trump Jr., and again when the company pledged to hire 10,000 veterans after coffee chain Starbucks pledged to hire 10,000 refugees in the wake of travel restrictions enacted by US president Donald Trump.

Thank You for My Service
In 2019 Best published Thank You for My Service, co-authored with Ross Patterson and Nils Parker. Written as a memoir, the book recounts Best's service in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Thank You for My Service reached number one for non-fiction on the Wall Street Journal and the Publishers Weekly best seller lists, and debuted at number five in non-fiction on The New York Times'' Best Seller list.

title: Mat Best


text:
Talk:Charles Lethbridge Kingsford

Changes made in text
The main section of the article is text lifted entirely from his "Times" obituary. As such it bore some weaknesses other editors may like to note, as to present day readers they appear out of context.

 * that his last publication was produced "at the beginning of this year" (obviously that of his death, not 2013.)
 * his post at Ministry of Pensions being held "during the war", which from having read his ODNB article I construe to mean the First World - then known as the Great - War, when the Ministry was founded.
 * assessments of his contribution to historical knowledge by the obituarist - which may become outdated by advances in knowledge during the intervening 87 years to now. These are best stated in quotes with source named, to date the comments.

I have therefore made changes to the references to place them in context for a reader in 2013. Cloptonson (talk) 09:03, 28 July 2013 (UTC) I have added further information within the body of the text, cited to the Dictionary of National Biography and its successor work the Oxford DNB.Cloptonson (talk) 17:50, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles Lethbridge Kingsford


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Veyangoda Bandaranaike Central College

The result was Speedy delete as unambiguous copyright violation of non-free-content ("© All rights Reserved.2009") work. I'm sorry, Voceditnore, although the intent is appreciated. Keystoneridin, the correct process for this is Copyright problems, not AFD. Everyone: We don't tweak and copyedit copyright violations. We revert to the last non-infringing version, delete wholesale if there is no such version and the violation is foundational, and rewrite from scratch with a fresh edit history that thus isn't a derivative work. We deleted Veyangoda Central college and we delete this copy. Our copyright policy is non-negotiable. Uncle G (talk) 09:03, 13 July 2012 (UTC)

Veyangoda Bandaranaike Central College

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Schools-related deletion discussions. Cliff Smith 21:09, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Schools-related deletion discussions. Cliff Smith 21:09, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Bot found this article to be copyright infringement. User which created article has the same name as article. CSD G11 template removed by author. Keystoner idin (speak) 20:01, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete: Blatant promotion and advertising - db-spam. Oh and warn the editor for removing the CSD template. Samar   ( Talk  .  Contributions ) 20:12, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * also removed the AfD template, and has now been warned. Cliff Smith 21:14, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Removed the AfD template again, and warned again. Cliff Smith 21:25, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete I would'nt speedy delete this as a G11, but it's definatley adverty and doesn't provide claims of notability. Electriccatfish2 (talk) 21:18, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep but reduce to a stub to remove the copyvio. Clearly notable enough for an article, as verified secondary schools are generally held to be notable. -- Necrothesp (talk) 23:14, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep and reduce article to a stub per Necrothesp. It should merit a wikipedia article as a secondary school but the copyvio and the advertising information should be deleted. --Artene50 (talk) 23:53, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep - high school that educates to grade 13. Needs a thorough-going de-spamming but AfD is not a clean-up squad. This school looks thoroughly notable to me. No reason to think that sources cannot be found to meet WP:ORG. We keep high schools for very good reasons; not only do they influence the lives of thousands of people but they also play a significant part in their communities. TerriersFan (talk) 01:26, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Sri Lanka-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 01:53, 13 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete - What it lacks in notability, it makes up for in a pretty promotional design. If it's notable, where are the secondary reliable references? In fact, where are any references? -- MST  ☆  R   (Chat Me!) 07:25, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Comment This establishes that the subject is a high school in Sri Lanka as the wikipedia article claims. Do we need coverage of a high school in a newspaper to prove that it exists--especially one in a foreign country? --Artene50 (talk) 07:36, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Keep. High schools are generally considered inherently notable. Since the copyvio content is gone, the article can live. — This, that, and the other (talk) 07:52, 13 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
LPI Linux Certification/LPIC2 Exam 202/Exercises results

Troubleshooting network issues
Solution des exercices (LPIC202)


text:
Narrative dialog editing/Follow Dave:Learn Final Cut Pro

{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="background-color: #ffffaa; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" colspan="2" |  Final Cut Pro and other editing programs
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #efe; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="1" |
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #efe; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="1" |

Unique footage

 * Made 10 years ago
 * The Follow Dave?" Editing Workshop disk is old.

 * The footage on the "Follow Dave?" Editing Workshop is digitized using a very old but efficient codec for clips at film speed and half resolution. Back when this CD-ROM was created, this was great.  (320 by 240 pixels at 24fps compressed with the Sorenson 2 codec.)

 * Not DV or HD
 * Today, everyone is eager to edit movies in the DV format or even the HD format. Therefore, most basic editing programs now require either DV or HD content.  Only the more advanced editing programs still work in the old multimedia formats.

 * Less than ideal
 * If the footage of the "Follow Dave?" disk were of the highest quality (and not just low-quality promotional material), blowing it up to DV resolution would not look too bad.

 * Blowing up footage to the miniDV codec will increase the disk drive requirement drastically and the editing will be a bit awkward because now the footage is converted to 29.97 frames per second.

 * But this footage is not high quality. Since the footage is very low quality, this is not a good option. Blowing up the images for "Follow Dave?" to DV resolution will look absolutely horrible.

 * Therefore, it is better to use an editing program which can edit at 320 by 240 pixels at 24 pfs. That greatly limits your options.

 * Letterbox also works
 * Or you can letterbox the images.

 * Some early editing programs automatically letteboxed footage that was imported at less than the current frame size.

 * But not any more. Letterboxing clips is no longer automatic with editing programs.

 * Now you must convert each clip manually into a letterboxed clip.

 * 1. One way is to create a full size background and then import the clips and resize it to keep its original size.

 * 2. Another way is to use Adobe AfterEffects.

 * Either way, it will require a lot of disk space to letterbox these clips. But it is worth a try!

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #fee; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="2"|

Selecting an editing program

 * Limited selecton
 * You are limited to only a few editing programs which work with half size images at 24 fps.

 * Adobe Premiere 4.2
 * When this disk was created, there was no Final Cut Pro. There was only Adobe Premiere 4.2 which was the preferred program for editing this scene.  Older computers in school still use this program.  The smaller frame size saves disk space which most schools do not have.  Unfortunately, Adobe Premiere 4.2 was a bit unstable with the then current operating system which was also unstable.

 * Final Cut Pro
 * The successor to Adobe Premiere 4.2 is Final Cut Pro even though Premiere is from Adobe and Final Cut Pro is from Apple. When Adobe Premiere 4.2 was upgraded to Final Cut Pro, the workflow of the program was changed from film editing to corporate video editing.  Now, film editing in Final Cut Pro is actually more difficult than in Adobe Premiere 4.2.  But Final Cut Pro 3 (or later) is such as well designed program that editing anything in Final Cut Pro is a great improvement over Adobe Premiere 4.2.

 * The only problem is now Final Cut Pro does not use Sorenson 2 as a standard editing codec. Therefore, you will need to covert the footage to a new format (or do a lot of rendering.) That means you must open the clips and save them with a different codec.  If you know what you are doing, this should take less than 5 minutes.  In newer versions of Final Cut Pro,

 * Rendering is not a bad option to avoid recompressing the clips in a different format. Once you get used to it, "render" constantly in Final Cut Pro becomes automatic.  Because the clips are so small, the rendering time for each edit is very small.

 * Adobe Premiere
 * Adobe Premiere 5 is a totally new program. Version 5 was completely rewritten from scratch.

 * Version 5 was also a disaster. Later versions became better but still, it is not recommended. Eventually, Adobe Premiere 5 and 6 were replaced by a totally new program, Adobe Premiere Pro but initially this is only for Windows computers.  It will be released for the Macintosh PC computer soon.

 * Adobe Premiere Pro
 * I have been told that Adobe Premiere Pro can edit clips at 320 by 240 pixels at 24fps with no problem.

 * Linux
 * There is no editing program on Linux which can edit these clips. The problem with Linux is the lack of anything like QuickTime or Windows Media. Therefore, Linux only works with uncompressed video or perhaps DV video.

 * DV editing programs
 * All DV editing programs (such as iMovie or Final Cut Express) require that the clips be letterboxed. None of these programs currently will letterbox the footage automatically.  Therefore, it can take an hour for you to set up an editing project to letterbox the clips.  Start with a blank clip and import a clip (one of the film dailies) from "Follow Dave?" and resize it so the image is about the original size.

 * Since DV is 29.97 frames per second and the clips for "Follow Dave?" are 24 fps, you might be a bit confused when you see two frames with the same frame number. You have to ignore this.

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #eef; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="1"|
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: #eef; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="1"|

HyperEngine-AV

 * For kids
 * There are some unique editing programs available. One of the most unusual is HyperEngine-AV for the Macintosh.  It is designed for kids and is a "free format" editing program.  And the program is free.

 * I tested this editing program and found it a bit awkward. There is going to be an update to this which will fix at least some of the problems.  But so far, the new update has not been released.

 * }

{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="5" style="width: 99%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"

 * style="width: 60%; background-color: #fffff0; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="2" |

Using Final Cut Pro

 * The good news is Final Cut Pro can edit the dailies which are the size and frame rate of the "Follow Dave?" Editing Workshop CD-ROM.

 * The bad news is Final Cut Pro cannot edit clips in the Sorenson 2 codec format without rendering into a new codec.

 * Therefore, you have two choices. You can create a preset and convert all the clips to that preset.  (A preset can be something like Photo JPEG.)  Converting the clips to that format is not difficult but it is annoying.

 * Or you can create a preset and render your work to that preset every time you want to preview an edit. (On a fast computer, the second option is a bit awkward but works fine.)

 * Final Cut Pro Presets
 * The footage on the "Follow Dave?" Editing Workshop disk uses the Sorenson 2 codec which is an old codec but great for distributing movies for use by QuickTime 3 or later. Its variable bit rate is very efficient for storing half frame movies as you will see with the next disk called "24 Unediting Scenes".  A single DVD-Data disk can hold the raw film footage for 24 scenes.  At DV resolution, you can store up to only two scenes per DVD-Data disk.  That is a tremendous difference.

 * style="width: 40%; background-color: Lavender; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;"|

QuickTime Movie Player
Apple's QuickTime Movie Player can convert files from one format to another. Over the years, the program has become rather large so the options for converting from one format to another can be a bit confusing for formats such as H.264. Fortuantely, it is easy for converting clips to Photo JPEG.
 * The Swiss Army Knife of digital video

QuickTime Movie Player requires QuickTime Pro or QuickTime Pro for Windows (neither of which is free) to do file conversions. If you do not have a programe which comes with a free copy of QuickTime Pro (such as Final Cut Pro), you will have to pay $30 if you want to use Movie Player to convert the clips to Photo JPEG. etc.

There are also a wide selection of utility programs which can also be used to convert the "Follow Dave?" film clips to whatever format your editing program prefers.
 * Other options
 * }

{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 100%; background-color: LemonChiffon; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="2" |

The next page

 * The next page looks at the film dailies on the "Follow Dave?" Editing Workshop CD.
 * Page 4 - Edit the scene [[Image:Crystal Clear action forward.png|24px]]

 * }


text:
Puzzles/Arithmetical puzzles/Two 4s Equal 64?

Puzzles | Arithmetical puzzles | Two 4's equals 64?

You can use the number 4 twice (but no other numbers) and as many mathematical operators as you wish to write an expression that is equal to 64.

What is the expression?

solution


text:
Talk:Donato Coco

Very useful information!
I tapped the link to this article to find out about this car designer, only to be told that he's a car designer. Nice lengthy article, I had to scroll through it a lot! --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:47, 13 October 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Donato Coco


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/beautypageants.indiatimes.com

Links

 * beautypageants.indiatimes.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * COIBot domainredlist search for link beautypageants.indiatimes.com gives:
 * beautypageants.indiatimes.com (Automonitor: reported to en:Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Spam (diff))
 * beautypageants.indiatimes.com (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link would be caught by rule \bbeautypageants\.indiatimes\.com\b on the monitor list (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist (diff - )).
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link would be caught by rule \bbeautypageants\.indiatimes\.com\b on the monitor list (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist (diff - )).

Users
No users found.

Additions
Too many link additions (3935)


text:
Talk:Charles Harman

Family money and connections
Possibly connected to the banking firm of Harman and Co..

Charles is son of John Eustace, barrister, (1861 - 1927). Source: ODNB John Eustace is son of Edward, vicar, (1827-1897). Source: Cambridge archives.  Edward is son of Edward, London merchant. Source: Biographical History of Gonville and Caius College 1349-1897

Jeremiah Harman, significant banker, dies 1844, leaving the family bank to Edward and Henry Harman. Not clear if these are sons, nephews, brothers, or other relatives. Gentlemen's Magazine obit doesn't mention wife or children.

There's an 1849 financial analysis, The Commercial Crisis, 1847-1848: Being Facts and Figures Illustrative of the Events of that Important Period Considered in Relation to the Three Epochs of the Railway Mania, the Food and Money Panic and the French Revolution. by David Morier Evans, published by Letts, Son and Steer. It refers to "the partners' father, Mr John Harman", implying that Jeremiah, Edward, and Henry were brothers. (p49)

Does this connect to Walter John Harman, born 1829 near London? The only source I have for him is a scrappy family history, The Harmans of Highgate. His mother Elizabeth died c. 1837 and his father Edward died c. 1846, registered at death as "quality gentleman" and a banker. WJM took on the head of family role, e.g. arranging the education of two (younger?) brothers. WJM married Hannah Bellamy (of Bellamy's Wharf) in 1858 and they had 12 children. Only four married, including Nathaniel Bishop (1869-1945), opthalmologist and father of the Labour politician Harriet. (Professional obit of NBH at Royal College of Surgeons page.) WJM was a charming jewellery seller by day, but a hard-line Baptist disciplinarian at home in Highgate. He was the son of Edward Harman (1782-1846) and Elizabeth Bishop (1783-1837). It is to be assumed that the elder Edward "crashed", leaving WJH to try to regain the status and style of living he'd lost.

There is a brother to WJH, given as Edward, no middle name, born 1822, no info given for marriage or death. Could this be the vicar above? A five-year birth date discrepancy occurs. Lots of family trees at Frederick Harman. Carbon Caryatid (talk) 17:34, 14 September 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles Harman


text:
Geometry for Elementary School/Constructing equilateral triangle

Introduction

In this chapter, we will show you how to draw an equilateral triangle. What does "equilateral" mean? It simply means that all three sides of the triangle are the same length.

Any triangle whose vertices (points) are A, B and C is written like this: $$\triangle ABC $$.

And if it's equilateral, it will look like the one in the picture.

The construction

 * 1) Using your ruler, Draw a line segment whatever length you want the sides of your triangle to be. Call one end of the line segment A and the other end B. Now you have a line segment called  $$\overline{AB}$$. It should look something like the drawing below. Geom constr eqtr01.svg
 * 2) Using your compass, Draw the circle $$\circ A, $$ whose center is A and radius is  $$\overline{AB}$$. Geom constr eqtr02.svg
 * 3) Again using your compass Draw the circle $$\circ B,\overline{AB} $$, whose center is B and radius is  $$\overline{AB}$$. Geom constr eqtr03.svg
 * 4) Can you see how the circles intersect (cross over each other) at two points? The points are shown in red on the picture below. Geom constr eqtr04.svg
 * 5) Choose one of these points and call it C. We chose the upper point, but you can choose the lower point if you like. If you choose the lower point, your triangle will look "upside-down", but it will still be an equilateral triangle. Geom constr eqtr05.svg
 * 6) Draw a line segment between A and C and get line segment  $$\overline{AC}$$. Geom constr eqtr06.svg
 * 7) Draw a line segment between B and C and get line segment  $$\overline{BC}$$. Geom constr eqtr07.svg
 * 8) Construction of $$\triangle ABC $$ is completed.

Claim
The triangle $$\triangle ABC $$ is an equilateral triangle.

Proof

 * 1) The points  B and C are both on the circumference of the circle $$\circ A,\overline{AB} $$ and point A is at the center. Geom eqtriangle proof01.svg
 * 2) So the line segment $$\overline{AB}$$ is the same length as the line segment $$\overline{AC}$$.  Each is a radius of circle $$\circ A$$, or more simply $$\overline{AB}=\overline{AC}$$. Geom eqtr proof05b.svg
 * 3) We do the same for the other circle: The points A and C are both on the circumference of the circle $$\circ B,\overline{AB} $$ and point B is at the center. Geom eqtriangle proof06b.svg
 * 4) So we can say that $$\overline{AB}=\overline{BC}$$. Geom eqtr proof09b.svg
 * 5) We've already shown that $$\overline{AB}=\overline{AC}$$ and $$\overline{AB}=\overline{BC}$$. Since $$\overline{AC}$$ and $$\overline{BC}$$ are both equal in length to $$\overline{AB}$$, they must also be equal in length to each other. This can be shown by substitution. So we can say $$\overline{AC}=\overline{BC}$$ Geom eqtr proof05b.svg
 * 6) Therefore, the line segments $$\overline{AB}$$, $$\overline{AC}$$, and $$\overline{BC}$$ are all equal. $$\overline{AB}=\overline{AC}=\overline{BC}$$ Geom eqtr proof11.svg
 * 7) We proved that all sides of $$\triangle ABC $$ are equal, so this triangle is an equilateral triangle by definition.

Problems with the proof
The construction above is simple and elegant. One can imagine how children, using their legs as compass, accidentally find it.

However, Euclid’s proof was wrong.

In mathematical logic, we assume some postulates. We construct proofs by advancing step by step. A proof should be made only of postulates and claims that can be deduced from the postulates. Some useful claims are given names and called theorems in order to enable their use in future proofs.

There are some steps in its proof that cannot be deduced from the postulates. For example, according to the postulates he used, the circles $$\circ A,\overline{AB} $$ and $$\circ B,\overline{AB} $$ do not have to intersect.

Although the proof was wrong, the construction is not necessarily wrong. One can make the construction valid, by extending the set of postulates. Indeed, in later years, different sets of postulates were proposed in order to make the proof valid. Using these sets, the construction that works so well using pencil and paper is also logically sound.

This error of Euclid, the gifted mathematician, should serve as an excellent example of the difficulty in mathematical proof and also the difference between proof and our intuition.

Geometria per scuola elementare/Costruzione di un triangolo equilatero


text:
Rasmus Wengberg

Rasmus Wengberg (born 2 December 1974) is a Swedish badminton player who was the bronze medalist in the 2002 European Championships in Malmö.

Born and raised in Skåne, Wengberg played until 2005 for IFK umeå. For a few years, he played for a German team, but nowadays he plays for IFK Umeå in Sweden, working as a teacher while not pursuing his badminton career. Now he is a teacher at Prolympia (school).

title: Rasmus Wengberg


text:
veltto

Etymology
Probably

Adjective

 * 1) limp, flaccid, flabby
 * 2) sluggish, lethargic, slothful

title: veltto