text:
Talk:2003 United States Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal

Rollback
I guess I erred in using the rollback function in this edit. I think the restored material gives perspective relative to other institutions. Fred Bauder 13:59, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

Dead link

 * http://www.gazette.com/usafa/display.php?id=1322116&secid=50
 * In 2003 United States Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal on 2011-05-25 07:36:30, 404 Not Found
 * In 2003 United States Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal on 2011-06-11 06:34:08, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 06:34, 11 June 2011 (UTC)

Dead link 2

 * http://afa.gazette.com/fullstory.php?id=4144
 * In 2003 United States Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal on 2011-05-25 07:36:24, Socket Error: 'getaddrinfo failed'
 * In 2003 United States Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal on 2011-06-11 06:34:17, Socket Error: 'getaddrinfo failed'

--JeffGBot (talk) 06:35, 11 June 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051218144618/http://afa.gazette.com:80/fullstory.php?id=4144 to http://afa.gazette.com/fullstory.php?id=4144

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text:
How to Write a Program/Before you start

Before you prepare to start writing a new program using your text editor (or IDE), remember this:

Rule 1: Don't write that Program!
The world is full of bad code, we don't need your bad code! Therefore the first rule is Don't! Look for programs that do, or almost do what you want them to and use / modify them.

Remember what Eric S. Raymond wrote in The Cathedral and the Bazaar:

So, did I immediately launch into a furious whirl of coding up a brand-new POP3 client to compete with the existing ones? Not on your life! I looked carefully at the POP utilities I had in hand, asking myself Which one is closest to what I want? Because:

2. Good programmers know what to write. Great ones know what to rewrite (and reuse).

While I don't claim to be a great programmer, I try to imitate one. An important trait of the great ones is constructive laziness. They know that you get an A not for effort but for results, and that it's almost always easier to start from a good partial solution than from nothing at all.

Some good sources for finding already-written software include:

 * 1) Software directories such as Freshmeat or the Free Software Foundation's Free Software Directory
 * 2) Open Source Software Development Hubs ("Forges") such as SourceForge.
 * 3) Generic web search engines such as Google search.
 * 4) The package repositories of various Linux distributions, and other distributions or operating systems.
 * 5) Collections of packages for various languages or platforms such as Perl's CPAN (the "Comprehensive Perl Archive Network").

Normally searching using a good search engine (by trying several keywords) and on Freshmeat would be enough. If you still want to be sure, you can try asking whether anyone can point you to such a program in a relevant channel in a popular Internet Relay Chat (IRC) network such as Freenode or different kinds of Internet forums.

If you were able to find a program that almost does what you want this way, you may wish to move on to the How to Write a Program/Enhancing code

Rule 2: Think about what you want the program to do before you start.
Writing the wrong program is the most expensive mistake you can make. So let us consider How to Write a Program/Requirements analysis

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: How to Write a Program/Before you start


text:
Cam Barker

Cameron Barker (born April 4, 1986) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He was selected third overall in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft by the Chicago Blackhawks and spent four seasons with the club before being traded to the Minnesota Wild in 2010. Internationally, Barker played for the Canadian national team and won back-to-back gold medals at the 2005 and 2006 World Junior Championships with the junior team.

Playing career
As a youth, Barker played in the 2000 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with the Winnipeg South Monarchs minor ice hockey team. He later played AAA Midget Hockey for the Winnipeg Thrashers at age 14. After that season he was drafted 4th overall in the 2001 WHL Bantam Draft by the Medicine Hat Tigers.

The following season, Barker moved east to play for the Gloucester Rangers and eventually the Cornwall (ON) Colts Jr.A. club of the Central Junior Hockey League (CJHL) before signing with the Tigers at the end of the same 2001–02 season.

Barker began his junior hockey career in 2001–02 with the Medicine Hat Tigers of the Western Hockey League (WHL), appearing in three games. In the following season, he led his team in scoring among defencemen with 47 points and was named to the WHL All-Rookie Team. He improved to a junior career-high 65 points in 60 games in 2003–04, leading the Tigers to a President's Cup championship. As WHL champions, they earned a berth in the 2004 Memorial Cup, however, Medicine Hat was defeated by the Gatineau Olympiques in the semi-final.

He was drafted third overall by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft and was signed to an entry-level contract by Chicago on August 22, 2005. He made the Blackhawks opening roster out of training camp in 2005–06 and made his NHL debut against the Colorado Avalanche, but was returned after one game to Medicine Hat, where he completed the season with 18 points in 26 games.

Barker began the 2006–07 season injured, having undergone ankle surgery in September. After recovering, he joined the Norfolk Admirals, Chicago's American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, making his Norfolk debut on November 3, 2006. He recorded his first professional point on November 21 against the Manchester Monarchs, assisting on the game-winning overtime goal. A few games later, he scored his first professional goal on November 29 against the Bridgeport Sound Tigers in a 6–3 loss. Later in the season, he was called up by the Blackhawks and scored his first NHL goal on January 14, 2007, against the Minnesota Wild. He finished his rookie season playing in 35 games with Chicago and recording 8 points.

Despite finishing his rookie season with the Blackhawks, he was reassigned to the AHL to begin 2007–08. Joining the Rockford IceHogs in their inaugural AHL season (the team previously played in the United Hockey League), he assisted on the first-ever goal in IceHogs AHL history on October 6, 2007, against the Quad City Flames. Barker had been selected to play at the 2008 AHL All-Star Classic, but did not attend as he was once again recalled by the Blackhawks. In his second stint with the Blackhawks, he improved to six goals and 18 points in 45 games.

Barker did not make the Blackhawks cut for the start of the 2008–09 season and was assigned once again to Rockford. With the Blackhawks just under the salary cap, Barker's $2.8 million cap hit would have put them over the limit. However, general manager Dale Tallon asserted that Barker's demotion was not based on salary cap considerations. After 7 games with Rockford, he was called up by the Blackhawks and remained with the team. Barker finished the season with six goals, 34 assists, and a plus-minus of -6.

With Barker becoming a restricted free agent in the off-season, the NHL Players Association filed a grievance on July 6, 2009, against the Blackhawks on Barker's behalf for not extending a qualifying offer by the required deadline. As such, the NHLPA argued that Barker (as well as five other Blackhawks players in the same situation) qualified as an unrestricted free agent and could entertain offers from other teams around the league. The Blackhawks quickly came to terms with Barker the same day, re-signing him to a three-year contract worth US$9.25 million.

Given salary cap constraints caused by having to overpay Barker and others, he was traded on February 12, 2010, to the Minnesota Wild for defenceman Kim Johnsson and defensive prospect Nick Leddy. He was placed on waivers by Minnesota on June 28, 2011, to buy out his contract.

Barker signed a one-year contract worth $2.25 million with the Edmonton Oilers on July 1, 2011. On June 25, 2012, he was not tendered a contract and released as a free agent by the Oilers.

In September 2012, Barker was invited to the AHL's Texas Stars training camp and later made it to the main roster. Barker marked his first return to the AHL since 2008 by debuting for the Stars to start the 2012–13 season, on October 13 in a game against San Antonio Rampage. After 23 games with Texas, his professional try-out was not extended and he left the team.

On January 13, 2013, Barker signed a one-year contract worth $700,000 with the Vancouver Canucks. Barker was not re-signed by the Canucks and became an unrestricted free agent on July 5, 2013.

On November 5, 2013, Barker signed a one-year deal with Barys Astana of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). After spending the 2013–14 season in the KHL, Barker returned to North America and attended training camp with the Blackhawks on a player tryout offer. However, on September 27, 2014, the Blackhawks announced that they had released Barker, leaving him as an unrestricted free agent. On December 22, 2014, Barker signed a contract until the end of the 2014–15 KHL season with HC Slovan Bratislava, and then had his contract renewed for the 2015–16 season. He left Bratislava after two years to return to Barys Astana in May 2016.

After another shortened stint with Slovan Bratislava, Barker left the KHL and signed with the SCL Tigers of the Swiss National League (NL) on January 12, 2018, until the end of the 2017-18 season. In November 2018, he signed a contract until the end of season (including a try-out until the end of November) with Ilves Tampere but after playing seven games, his contract was terminated on try-out.

After spending his last two professional seasons in France with the Dragons de Rouen of the Ligue Magnus, Barker ended his 15-year playing career by retiring and accepting an assistant coaching role with a junior Canadian club, the Penticton Vees of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL), on June 23, 2021.

International play
Barker was a part of Team Canada's gold medal-winning team at the 2005 World Junior Championships. However, he contracted mononucleosis midway through the tournament and was only able to appear in the first 3 games. Barker made his second straight World Junior appearance in 2006 as the only returning player on Team Canada's roster. He repeated as gold medal champion with Team Canada, which defeated Russia in the final.

title: Cam Barker


text:
Portal:Learning Materialsnew/Selected picture

Video tutorial. A short (2 minutes long) movie for new wiki users, showing how to edit a wiki page. The movie is available in two formats:
 * 1) a QuickTime version (QuickTime info)
 * 2) an (Help with Ogg video file play).


text:
Sir Edward Loftus, 1st Baronet

Sir Edward Loftus, 1st Baronet (c.1742 – 17 May 1818) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

Loftus was the illegitimate son of Nicholas Loftus, 1st Viscount Loftus by a woman with the surname of Phillips. He was educated at Kilkenny College. Loftus served as the Member of Parliament for Jamestown in the Irish House of Commons between 1761 and 1768. On 16 July 1768, he was created a baronet, of Mount Loftus in the Baronetage of Ireland. He was High Sheriff of Tyrone in 1777 and High Sheriff of Wexford in 1784.

On 18 March 1758 he married Anne Read, with whom he had four children, two of whom survived to adulthood.

title: Sir Edward Loftus, 1st Baronet


text:
Cookbook:Basil

| Herbs and Spices

Basil is an herb, the green leaves of which are used extensively in a variety of cuisines.

Characteristics
Basil leaves are bright green or purple, with a rounded teardrop shape. Some varieties may have a domed leaf surface. In terms of flavor, many basil varieties are reminiscent of mint, anise/clove, and pepper, with some having highly specific flavor profiles akin to lemon or chocolate.

Varieties
There are multiple varieties of basil with different color and flavor profiles:

 * Sweet/Italian basil: variety of basil used in Western and Mediterranean cuisines; broad domed leaves.
 * Thai basil: narrower leaves with purple stems; tastes more like mint or anise than sweet basil does; used in Thai cuisine.
 * Holy basil (krapow): distinctive, hot flavor unlike sweet and Thai basil; used in Thai cooking.
 * Lemon basil: lemony flavor; used in Indonesian cooking, eaten raw as an accompaniment to fried fish or duck.
 * Opal basil:  purple leaves, strong flavor.

Seasonality
Summer is basil season. In September (northern hemisphere) the plant will flower, indicating the end of its season. Basil will not survive frost and thrives on sunlight, but many people manage to grow or keep basil inside during the winter months.

Selection and storage
Basil is best used fresh and can usually be bought either as a potted plant or harvested leaves. The leaves on the potted plant will remain fresh provided the plant itself is well cared for. Harvested leaves wilt when chilled, and they typically keep only for 1 or 2 days—they are best used on the day of purchase or frozen in oil. The leaves can then be used from frozen in recipes where appearance is not important. Overall, be delicate when handling fresh basil to prevent bruising.

Basil can also be bought dried and stored in a jar, which is best kept in a cool dark place. However, fresh basil is far preferable since it loses many of its distinctive flavor characteristics when dried.

Use
Basil is widely used in Mediterranean and Southeast Asian cuisines, where it can be incorporated into condiments, salads, curries, and beverages. Sweet basil takes center stage in basic pesto, and it is often paired with tomato. Because of their pleasing appearance, the leaves are often used as a garnish. Basil seeds may be used in beverages or desserts, where they take on properties similar to those of chia seeds.

Processing
Chopping basil is an inefficient way to release the flavors from its cellular structure. To maximize flavor from chopped basil, first place it in a ziplock bag, and then pound it with the flat of cleaver or a meat tenderizer. Pound until the leaves appear wet, and then proceed to chopping.

The flavor compounds in basil will dissipate with prolonged cooking, so add it nearer to the end of cooking, and only cook it as much as is necessary to flavor the dish.

title: Cookbook:Basil


text:
User:Michaelpa95

My name is Michael. I study English. I'm bad at creating usernames. I don't feel bad for Greg being stuck in here all day. Muahaha.

title: User:Michaelpa95


text:
Talk:Green Acres, North Dakota

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Green Acres, North Dakota. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ to http://factfinder2.census.gov/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:25, 24 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Green Acres, North Dakota


text:
User:Laminebarry2000

Lamine Barry is a hilariously funny comedia and actor. Crowned as the funniest guy alive in January 2015, this guy can kill you with his humour. Faced many contraversies because of his killing humour.

Achievement

Won Oscar Academy award for the best actor in comic role in 2015.

title: User:Laminebarry2000


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/issd.org

Links

 * issd.org resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * COIBot domainredlist search for link issd.org gives:
 * issd.org (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * issd.org (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * issd.org (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * issd.org (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * issd.org (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki talk:Spam-blacklist (diff))
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link would be caught by rule \bissd\.org\b on the monitor list (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist (diff - )).
 * Link is blacklisted by \bissd\.org\b on [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediawiki:Spam-blacklist en.wikipedia.org]
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link would be caught by rule \bissd\.org\b on the monitor list (Automonitor: reported to en:MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist (diff - )).
 * Link is blacklisted by \bissd\.org\b on [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediawiki:Spam-blacklist en.wikipedia.org]

Additions

 * Displayed all 28 additions.


text:
Antoni Potocki

Antoni Potocki may refer to:

 * Antoni Potocki (1780–1850), Polish nobleman
 * Antoni Protazy Potocki (1761–1801), Polish noble
 * Antoni Michał Potocki (died 1766), Polish noble

title: Antoni Potocki


text:
User:Sardor-kholmonov/sandbox

= Port Dickson =

Port Dickson, Malaysia - travel features, travel guide
Weather in Port Dickson

How to go Port Dickson from Kuala Lumpur

Hotels in Port Dickson

What to do in Port Dickson

What to do in Port Dickson
Port Dickson is located in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Port Dickson has been receiving natural lovers and food enthusiasts from all over the world.With magnificent sea views and harmony atmosphere, it homes to 18km stretches of beautiful beaches that fringed by palm trees and casuarinas.There are many beautiful sightseeing places and local delicacies await you at Pork Dickson and you should definitely add Port Dickson to your itinerary checklist.

Places to go :

 * Pantai Cahaya Negeri
 * Kota Lukut (Lukut Museum and Fort)
 * Wan Loong Chinese Temple
 * Alive 3D Art Gallery
 * Army Museum Port Dickson
 * Saujana Beach

Pantai Cahaya Negeri
A beautiful and popular tourist destination located 8km away from Port Dickson. With stretches of elegant beach and endless sea view over the horizon, some people even affirm that Pantai Cahaya Negeri is the best beach in Port Dickson.

Kota Lukut (Lukut Museum and Fort)
The museum showcases artefacts and monuments of Lukut to commemorate the glorious history of Lukut. One of the displayed artefacts is the antiquity from the sunken Dutch battleship.The fort was first built by Raja Jumaat in 1847 with the intention to monopoly the tin trading. After his death, it was taken over by his son, Raja Bot. In 1997, this museum began its construction and was officially established in 1999.

Wan Loong Chinese Temple
“Dragon of The Clouds” is the literal meaning of Wan Loong Chinese Temple which stands prominently along the Coastal Road. Paying homage to eastern deities like Monkey King and Kuan Yi, you can see the locals offering incense and praying sincerely.

Alive 3D Art Gallery
Alive 3D Art Gallery has three floors that showcase exhibition of 3D arts and paintings. The arts are so real that they create optical illusion that makes you feel like living in a virtual world.With over 50 pieces of extraordinary 3D drawings, visitors can do any interactions with the arts as long as touching them with care.

How to go Port Dickson from Kuala Lumpur
Port Dickson is located at the west coast of Malaysia. It is easily accessible and requires a hour drive from Kuala Lumpur to Port Dickson. There are many bus companies in Kuala Lumpur that offers direct coach services to Port Dickson.

The overall journey takes approximately two hours. Normally, a one way ticket costs RM 10 but the price may rise to RM15 during peak season. To convenient the visitors, the bus usually drop off at hotels in Port Dickson. The frequent drop-off points in Port Dickson are Grand Lexis Hotel, Lexis Hibiscus Hotel and Avillion Hotel.

For instance, Golden Coach that departs from TBS drops off at Grand Lexis Hotel. Sometimes, the bus may offer drop-off point at Lukut, a small town in Port Dickson.

There are a lot more options available and you may check the schedules online. You can either choose to book online or book at the bus counter.

title: User:Sardor-kholmonov/sandbox


text:
Henry Cronjager Jr.

Henry Cronjager Jr (1906-1991) was an American cinematographer who worked both in the film and television industries from the 1930s until the 1970s. He was the son of Henry Cronjager, brother to Edward Cronjager, and father to William Cronjager, all also cinematographers. Due to the similarity in names with his father, there is some confusion as to exactly when the senior Cronjager's career ended, and the younger one's began. Both were active during the 1930s, however the American Film Institute's entry for Henry Cronjager conflates the careers of the two cinematographers, while Imdb.com as the senior's career ending in 1933. The first reliable source wherein it shows that Cronjager Jr. was the cameraman and not his father is a Walter Winchell column from February 26, 1937, which shows that Cronjager Jr. was a cameraman on the film Wake Up and Live, for which his brother Edward was the cinematographer.

He worked as cameraman for films in the 1930s, 40s and into the 50s, working on such films as 1938's Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm, 1941s Western Union, 1945's Nob Hill, 1948's An Innocent Affair, and 1950's The Capture. By the late 1950s he was being credited as the cinematographer on productions, and began to transition into television, although he did occasionally still work on films such as Squad Car and Hands of a Stranger. Some of his television credits include The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, The Jack Benny Program, The Dick Van Dyke Show, The Joey Bishop Show, The Mothers-in-Law, and The Guns of Will Sonnett. His last credit was as the Director of Photography in 1972–73 on The Paul Lynde Show.

title: Henry Cronjager Jr.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bhai Makhan Shah

The result of the debate was keep. DS 14:00, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Bhai Makhan Shah
I tagged this for speedy, but, in view of an objection raised on the article's talk page, I figured I ought to bring it to AfD. Essentially, the text is a Sikh story taken from this website (I don't think that there's a copyvio issue). Were the article a summary of the story, it would perhaps be appropriate; it seems summaries exist here for sundry Bible stories (e.g., Genesis. As it is, though, the article reads essentially like a fictional account (I should say that perhaps my atheist tendencies got the better of me when I added the speedy tag, inasmuch as I wrote that the text was "like a fictional story"; I do not mean here to suggest that the story is apocryphal, only that the fashion in which it is currently presented is non-encyclopedic and akin to that one would find in a novel or the original source).  Moreover, were the text of great religious import, it would, I think, appear in some form on more than one website; a Google search for a short portion of the text, though, returns just one result, the website supra. Thus, delete keep (with tags). Joe 03:22, 21 March 2006 (UTC) *Delete per above No vote for now. Once the article creator finishes on improving the article I'll vote for keep Strong Keep, good job on cleaning up the article -- T B C ??? ???  ??? 03:58, 21 March 2006 (UTC) *Delete per above. --Khoikhoi 04:07, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, smells of original research or a school project. Roy  boy cr ash  fan  [[Image:Flag_of_Texas.svg|30px]] 03:46, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Changed my vote to Keep. --Khoikhoi 06:43, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Comment As the writer of this article, I make the following comment:  It is interesting to note that this article was tagged by Joe for speedy deletion as Joe thought that the article "appears to be a fictional story" at 2:58. He had failed to notice that the article began with: " Makhan Shah Lubana (also written as Lobana) was a devout Sikh and a rich trader from Tanda district Jhelum (now in Pakistan)…" – If this was a fictional story, would it refer to "(now in Pakistan)". Further, mid-way down the article is the line " He then recited this Shabad of Guru Arjan Dev:" followed by the sacred hymn by the fifth Sikh Guru – Now surely if you are not even aware of the Gurus of the Sikhs, do you have the right to make any judgement on this article or any other article linked to Sikhism?

 * If Joe has the "well-being" of Wikipedia at heart, surely it does not take more than a few seconds to search for "Makhan Shah" on Google to see if this is fiction or fact! – He would have found 654 hits and the first article is at: www.Sikh-History.com – Do I need to say more! – I don't think you would find fictional stories on a history website. Under the circumstances, the comment by User talk:Royboycrashfan that this is "original research" is laughable. 654 hits with Google and this is original research!! And what is surprising is that he is supported by User:TBC and User:Khoikhoi. Follow the leader!!

 * Following my comments on the discussion page highlighting that this article was a Sakhi, which are very popular in Sikhism at 3.09, Joe changed the article to AfD status at 3.13 saying that this was because "text is a Sikh story taken from this website". So in 4 minutes he has done a proper comparison of the two articles. I am sorry but I don't think this is how articles should be judged - Someone spending 4 minutes to evaluate an article that may have taken a few days to create from various resources. How can someone who appears to have no knowledge of the subject matter and has spent very little time be allowed to take such a step?

 * Having read the Guide to deletion, I believe that the comments made by Joe – "only that the fashion in which it is currently presented is non-encyclopedic" does not appear to be reason for articles to be deleted.

 * Further, he says that if the text was: "of great religious import, it would, I think, appear in some form on more than one website" – This is based on a Google search of the words: "Once while he was returning home". What he does not tell us is the Google finds the following:

 * "with his ship carrying valuable goods over the vast seas, his ship got caught up in a furious storm" in my article and

 * "with his ships loaded with valuable cargo, there was a furious storm at sea and his vessels got caught in it" on the other site.

 * Not quite the same sentence – let alone the whole article. So how he can say that "text is a Sikh story taken from" another site is completely unjustified. So I believe that these criticisms are totally ill-founded and without foundation. Further, this appears to a tactic to discourage minority religions to have a reasonable say on this website and this type of behaviour will stall contribution from the minority traditions. The majority sects will dictate what goes on this site - even when they are completely wrong!!--Hari Singh 05:03, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Comment, please calm down. First of all, with quotes, Google only shows 138 results, but then again Google is not very reliable for articles on non-English related subjects. Second of all, I suggest you cite your sources as well as rewrite and clean-up the article using the Manual of Style as your guide to make it so that the article sounds more like an encyclopedia article instead of a fictional story. If you need help, you can always contact other editors. -- T B C [[Image:Confused-tpvgames.gif|18px|]] ???  ???   ??? 05:18, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment As I suggested on Hari's talk page, there is "certain[ly]...a different way in which to include the story, one short of the insertion of the story itself" (assuming for the sake of argument that the story is indeed notable, as I think it likely is). If there seems to be a consensus for notability here, I would be happy to withdraw the nomination and remove the AfD tag and instead tag the article as needing to be Wikified, cleaned up, and sourced.  Joe 05:24, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep - appears to be about a notable person in Sikh religious development.Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 06:11, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete,  WP:NOT a book publisher. If verified to be notable, rewrite as an encyclopedia article rather than a story. Sandstein 06:12, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * The author has written an extensive reply to this comment on my talk. I've copied it to the article talk page. Sandstein 08:39, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Comment Initially if you folks had said that the style was not good and it should be improved – Well, I can understand that and we can discuss that. – But that is not what was said.  Please read the initial posts. First it was a fictional story, then it has been taken from another website or may be it was original research or school project! Well what is it?  You know that the world has over 6 billion people and there are just 1million articles on this site – that a tiny fraction – This site does not represent the views of the globe or even all the English speaking people – If you don't listen and allow other to tell you their story, how will you know how they feel and what they have to say!  If you care to look, I have written over 400 articles for Sikhiwiki (http://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php?title=Main_Page) and Wikipedia on Sikhism. When a Sakhi is told, it is told as a story. That is how these were recorded in the "Janam Sakhi"s which have existed since Guru Nanak in the 1500. What is suddenly wrong with this style? Was there a reason why this style was used? And because of Wikipedia, this style has to change?  It would help me if constructive comments were made rather than irrelevant and incorrect comments! Many thanks to all of you who have been constructive and have taken your time to improve things rather than move backwards! I am much grateful for your help.--Hari Singh 07:15, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment, please remember that Sikhiwiki is a wikicity, which is completely different from Wikipedia in terms of regulations, rules, style, ect. -- T B C [[Image:Confused-tpvgames.gif|18px|]] ???  ???   ??? 07:47, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep with cleanup tags. I put on it -- Astrokey44 |talk 12:01, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * delete Sheesh read the rules and style guidelines here and follow them instead of trying to bully us with talk of how you do it elsewhere. Your whole tone is defensive to say the least, and the article explains nothing really, it just looks like a boring story of little interest to anybody outside of sikhdom. Williamb 12:20, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * The Sikh religion is a major world religion so I think the person who 'discovered' one of the ten Sikh gurus is notable - theyre making stained glass windows about him -- Astrokey44 |talk 12:51, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Keep it's definately notable and deserves a Wikipedia entry. However, it needs cleaning up (a lot) and it needs to be moved to Makhan Shah.  We should refrain from adding titles unless necessary (in this case, Bhai means brother).  Essentially any relatives of the Sikh gurus or close associates all deserve Wikipedia entries.  Sukh | ਸੁਖ | Talk 18:08, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep per above Computerjoe 's talk 19:59, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment I think that, consistent with the comments of Sukh and the discussions several of those who posted here have had with the article's creator on his and other talk pages, it would be fair to say that there is a consensus for keep. The article, as it is now, still needs a great deal of work, but the appropriate tag has been added, and it appears that Hari understands how best to write the article in order that it should conform to Wikipedia conventions (although I am a bit worried by his comment supra: "When a Sakhi is told, it is told as a story. That is how these were recorded in the "Janam Sakhi"s which have existed since Guru Nanak in the 1500. What is suddenly wrong with this style? Was there a reason why this style was used? And because of Wikipedia, this style has to change?").  This can't be closed as a speedy keep, but I do think it should now be closed as keep.  In the future, I do think that a proper procedure for us to follow when presented with an article such as this was in its first version, consistent with the "On deleting pages" section of WP:DGFA, is to vote "delete" and then list the article on WP:RA.  Joe 20:42, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep per Astrokey44.  OhNo itsJamie Talk 22:59, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment Hari removed the AfD tag from the page. Because I fear that he may infer malign motive from my re-adding it (even as I've now supported the "keep" position), I'm not re-adding it (though it was removed out-of-process), especially because I expect that this will be closed as keep soon.  Joe 05:15, 23 March 2006 (UTC)


text:
Sowmeeh, Rivand

Sowmeeh (, also Romanized as Şowme‘eh) is a village in Rivand Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 78, in 23 families.

title: Sowmeeh, Rivand


text:
Saint David County

Saint David is a county in Trinidad and Tobago which occupies 202 km2 in the northeastern corner of the island of Trinidad. The main town in the county is Toco. It is bounded to the north by the Caribbean Sea, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by Saint Andrew County and to the west by Saint George County. Saint David County consists of a single Ward, Toco, although Tobago was formerly administered as a Ward of Saint David.

Prior to 1990 local government was administered by the Saint Andrew–Saint David County Council. After 1990 the area was largely administered by the Sangre Grande Regional Corporation.

title: Saint David County


text:
Talk:Beth Nguyen

External links modified
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title: Talk:Beth Nguyen


text:
William Jennings Bryan 1900 presidential campaign

The 1900 United States presidential election took place after an economic recovery from the Panic of 1893 as well as after the Spanish–American War, with the economy, foreign policy, and imperialism being the main issues of the campaign. Ultimately, the incumbent U.S. President William McKinley ended up defeating the anti-imperialist William Jennings Bryan and thus won a second four-year term in office.

The nomination fight
Initially, Admiral George Dewey was the front-runner for the 1900 Democratic presidential nomination after his 1898 victory at the Battle of Manila Bay (during the Spanish–American War). However, the fact that he married a Catholic widow (and gave her a house that grateful citizens had donated to him) as well his lack of knowledge about the role and power of the U.S. Presidency (Dewey said that the U.S. President merely executed the laws that the U.S. Congress passed) caused support for Dewey's candidacy to crumble.

With the implosion of Dewey's candidacy, 1896 Democratic presidential nominee and former Congressman William Jennings Bryan became the front-runner for the 1900 Democratic presidential nomination. Even though various prominent Democrats tried to convince Bryan to drop his support of free silver (due to the fact that, unlike in the 1896 election, the economy was recovering and in good shape at this point in time), Bryan refused and threatened to run as an independent if the Democrats didn't adopt a pro-free silver plank. Ultimately, Bryan won out and free silver was put into the 1900 Democratic platform by a one-vote margin--with Bryan becoming the 1900 Democratic presidential nominee. In addition, the Democrats criticized the Republicans for their imperialism, for the Philippine–American War, and for the proliferation of trusts.

Meanwhile, the Republicans re-nominated incumbent U.S. President William McKinley and chose New York Governor Theodore Roosevelt as McKinley's running mate (McKinley's first Vice President, Garret Hobart, had died in 1899).

Campaign
During the campaign, McKinley and the Republicans criticized Bryan's adherence support of free silver, claimed credit for the nation's economic recovery from Panic of 1893, called for lower taxes, a larger merchant marine, and an interoceanic canal in Central America. In addition, McKinley argued that trusts were "dangerous conspiracies against the public good and should be made the subject of prohibitory or penal legislation." Also, McKinley and the Republicans rejected both immediate independence for the Philippines and Bryan's idea of a protectorate for them, claiming that a Philippine protectorate would leave the U.S. responsible for the Philippines without the authority to meet its obligations.

Meanwhile, McKinley's campaign manager and Ohio Senator Mark Hanna raised $2.5 million ($53.2 million in 2002 dollars), a million less than in 1896, but five times more than Democrats raised in 1900. In addition, the Hanna-led Republican National Committee distributed 125 million pieces of campaign literature, including McKinley's letter of acceptance translated into German, Polish, and other languages. During the campaign, McKinley's running mate Theodore Roosevelt vehemently criticized the Democrats and their platform (while also defending the gold standard). Meanwhile, Bryan ran against the imperialism of McKinley and the Republicans and argued that imperialism is directly opposed to basic American values. In addition, Bryan campaigned in favor of campaign finance reform and associated Republicans with big business and trusts (and their abuses) following a gaffe by Hanna (where he said that trusts no longer exist because they were outlawed). While Bryan made a whopping 546 speeches to an audience of two-and-a-half million people during the 1900 campaign, Theodore Roosevelt's speeches during this campaign ended up reaching more people (with Roosevelt giving 673 speeches to an audience of three million people). In addition, Bryan was hurt by the inadequate financing and organization of the Democratic Party in 1900.

Results
Ultimately, McKinley won the popular vote by a 52% to 46% margin and won the electoral vote by a 292 to 155 margin. Indeed, McKinley's victory margin was greater than it had been in 1896, and might have been even larger had it not been for the intimidation of Black voters in the Southern United States (in the South, only 40% of all eligible voters actually voted in 1900). In addition, Republicans picked up two seats in the U.S. Senate and 11 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1900, raising their totals to 57 seats in the Senate and 198 seats in the House.

Overall, the 1900 election continued the political realignment which was begun by the 1896 election, having established the Republicans as the dominant political party in the U.S. until the 1920s.


text:
Geometry for Elementary School

Table of contents

 * Introduction
 * Concepts
 * Points
 * Lines
 * Angles
 * Plane shapes
 * Solids
 * Measurements
 * Parallel lines
 * Symmetry
 * Transformation
 * Coordinates
 * Construction
 * Our tools: Ruler and compasses
 * Constructing equilateral triangle
 * Copying a line segment
 * Copying a triangle
 * Copying an angle
 * Constructing a triangle
 * Why the constructions are not correct?
 * Bisecting an angle
 * Bisecting a segment
 * Congruence and similarity
 * Congruence
 * The Side-Side-Side congruence theorem
 * The Side-Angle-Side congruence theorem
 * The Angle-Side-Angle congruence theorem
 * The Side-Angle-Angle congruence theorem
 * The Right angle-Hypotenuse-Side congruence theorem
 * Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC)
 * Similarity
 * Extras
 * Some impossible constructions
 * Pythagorean theorem
 * A proof of irrationality
 * Fractals
 * What next?
 * Glossary
 * Conventions

Feedback
Feedback is very important in many topics, especially when writing a book like this. We would like to learn from your experience using this book. What was the age of the child that used the book? What did he/she like most? Which topics did he/she have problem understanding? What ideas for improvements do you have?

Questions & Answers
Have a question? Why not ask the very textbook that you are learning from?

title: Geometry for Elementary School


text:
User:Shawty bardiana

Hey y'all it shawty Bacardi 🤞🖤 I'm loving to all🥀kind and very talkative.Im very interested in music and fashion 🌺. Age:14 Citizen: proudly South African🇿🇦 Favourite quote: Never limit yourself there's a lot you can do.you are worth more than anything 🦋

title: User:Shawty bardiana


text:
Phebe Nebeker Peterson

Phebe Almira Nebeker Peterson (June 3, 1890 - October 24, 1972) was vice-president of the State Federation of Women's Clubs.

Early life
Phebe Almira Nebeker was born on June 3, 1890, in Laketown, Utah, the daughter of Hyrum Nebeker (1866-1955) and Phebe Almira Hulme (1865-1948).

She attended Brigham Young College and then studied at New England Conservatory of Music in Boston. She graduated from Utah State University.

Career
She was interested in all civic and club affairs.

She was president of Faculty Women's League.

She was vice-president of the State Federation of Women's Clubs.

She was a member of U. A. C. Woman's Club, Salt Lake City Friendship Circle and LDS Hospital Board.

In 1970 she was co-chairman of the Utah State University Endowment campaign.

Personal life
Phebe Nebeker Peterson moved to Logan, Utah, in 1903. She married Elmer George Peterson (1882-1958) and had four children: Marian Peterson Thomas (1915-2003), Elmer George Peterson (1920-1994), Martha Almira Peterson (1923-2004), Chase Nebeker Peterson (1929-2014). She lived at College Hill, Logan, Utah.

She died on October 24, 1972, and is buried at Logan City Cemetery, Logan, Utah.

title: Phebe Nebeker Peterson


text:
User:Mimidayiti/sandbox

Francois Lourdes Myard Haitian Brandy...Actress and singer and realisator of a reality show A Quelle Star Ressembles Tu? Now Lourdes working hard with haitian community in ...New Jersey-New-York and Montreal

title: User:Mimidayiti/sandbox


text:
India–United Kingdom bus routes

Numerous United Kingdom–India bus routes ran from the 1950s to the 1970s. The first of these was "The Indiaman", a service from London to Calcutta that was inaugurated on 15 April 1957. At least 32 other operators ran services, including Albert Travel which ran 15 round journeys from London to India. Overland routes were made difficult by political unrest in the Middle East during the 1970s and ended with the 1979 Iranian Revolution and Soviet–Afghan War. The Albert bus was refurbished from 2009 and made a one-off return trip from the UK to Australia in 2012. No new bus journeys between the two countries are currently planned.

The Indiaman
The first UK–India bus service was "The Indiaman", run by London-based Garrow-Fisher Tours. This left Victoria Coach Station on 15 April 1957 and returned after a 20000 mi journey to Calcutta on 2 August. The journey, which was covered by The New York Times, was eventful with driver Oswald-Joseph Garrow-Fisher recalling the road passing over high cliffs near Mount Ararat at the Turkey-Soviet Union border, soft verges in India, and needing to use planks under the wheels to escape the desert sand in Iran. On the return leg, the 1957–1958 influenza pandemic forced the closure of the Pakistan-Iran border. The tour diverted from the border to the city of Karachi, intending to find passage on a ship, but upon reaching the port they learned the land border had reopened and so returned that way, a diversion of some 1200 mi. The British embassy in Tehran had heard a rumour that the passengers had been murdered en route and were so relieved when they arrived unharmed that they hosted a cocktail party in their honour.

The Indiaman was a 1948 AEC Regal III. Garrow-Fisher refurbished the 33-seater bus, which had already travelled 100000 mi, for the journey. In its transcontinental configuration, it could carry 24 passengers plus luggage. For the first journey, Garrow-Fisher charged £85 for the outbound fare and £65 for the return; 20 passengers were carried to India and 7 made the return journey. Passengers slept overnight in hotels or camped outside. One passenger, Peter Moss, wrote a book about the journey: The Indiaman – When the Going was Good by Land and Sea. The Indiaman made four return journeys in total.

Albert
A bus named "Albert" was run by Albert Travel from May 1968. The venture was started by British travel agent and Australian resident Andy Stewart, who purchased a 1947 Albion Motors CS Venturer double-decker bus from the New South Wales Department of Government Transport; the bus had previously operated the number 2004 service in Sydney. Stewart managed to reduce the asking price from AU$1000 to AU$400 as the bus was not capable of going above 32 mph and had a large dent in the rear. He fitted it out with bunk beds to suit 14 passengers, extra fuel tanks and drinking water supply. There was also heating in the lower deck, a radio and cassette player, a reading and dining saloon and a kitchen with a gas cooker and sink.

Starting in Australia (the bus transferred by ship to India), Stewart drove 13 passengers on the first trip to London. He made a further 14 round trips between 1968 and 1975, when political instability in Iran forced him to stop. A typical route ran from Victoria Coach Station via Belgium, West Germany, Austria, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, West Pakistan to India where it stopped at New Delhi, Agra, Allahabad, Banaras and Calcutta. Until 1970, the bus was shipped from Calcutta to Sydney. Thereafter, the bus ran to Calcutta from which passengers could choose to fly across Burma to Bangkok, Thailand and continue by train through Malaysia to Singapore where a boat would carry them to Perth or Sydney, Australia. The bus stopped en route to allow passengers to visit sites of interest and local shops. In the early years, a one-way ticket was £85; this rose to £125 by the early 1970s excluding catering. The connection via Singapore to Australia was a further £125. The trip was advertised as "the world's longest bus route" and "your complete home while you travel".

Stewart returned to Australia as a travel agent after making the last trip to London. He retired back to the UK and, in 2001, tracked down the Albert bus, which was in Brighton. He purchased the vehicle in 2009 and renovated it to make a return journey overland to Australia. He raised funds by selling shares at £250 each, with the owners of ten or more shares being entitled to a seat on the trip. The journey was completed in 2012 and the bus remains in Australia making appearances at car shows.

Other operators
In the decade following the inauguration of "The Indiaman", at least 32 operators arranged bus trips between the UK and India. These included the Waltzing Matilda, Topdeck Travel, Swagman Tour's Asian Greyhound, Tentrek Expeditions, King Kong, Crazy Bus, Penn Overland and No Sweat Overland Tours. Vehicles varied from double decker buses to converted fire engines and typically took 20 days each way. Penn Travel had a "Marco Polo Tour" route that ran from London to Kathmandu over 72 days. Some of the companies would also arrange hotels en route and broker visas for their passengers. Eastbound travellers were usually westerners seeking adventure while westbound travellers were often economic migrants from Punjab. Operators claimed cultural differences and difficulties at the border crossings made westbound trips more troublesome and charged an additional £20 for these. At least one driver insisted on being armed for all westbound journeys. The closure of the Afghanistan-Pakistan border in 1978 meant some journeys had to be completed by air and the overland routes became completely untenable following the 1979 Iranian Revolution and Soviet–Afghan War.

Attempts at revival
In 2020, it was announced that the Indian travel operator Adventures Overland, inspired by the Hippie Trail, would inaugurate a new bus service from Delhi to London in May 2021. This would run through 18 countries, leaving India through Myanmar, then to Thailand, Laos, China, Russia, through Europe and finally to Belgium. A one-way trip would cost 1.5 million rupees (circa £15,320) and take 70 days to cover the 12500 mi route. The bus would carry 20 passengers. In March 2021, the company postponed the launch of the service to April 2022. This has since been again postponed to April 2023. They claimed to have completed three consecutive return trips to prove the route's viability. The company has since announced a bus journey from Istanbul to London in August 2023.

title: India–United Kingdom bus routes


text:
Lord Robert Spencer

Lord Robert Spencer (8 May 1747 – 23 June 1831) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons several times between 1768 and 1818.

Early life
Spencer was born on 8 May 1747. He was the son of Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Trevor, 2nd Baron Trevor.

He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford on 10 April 1762 and was awarded MA on 6 May 1765. From 1766 to 1768 he undertook a Grand Tour through Austria, Italy and France.

Career
At the 1768 general election Spencer was returned as Member of Parliament for New Woodstock on the Marlborough interest. He was appointed a Lord of Trade in April 1770 but did not attend the Board regularly nor parliament itself. He resigned his seat in January 1771 and was elected MP for Oxford in a by election on 31 January 1771. He was returned for Oxford in 1774 and 1780. He was an ardent supporter of Fox throughout his career and after. In 1784 he was returned again for Oxford.

Spencer was a member of a subscription committee set up to raise funds to support the Whigs in the forthcoming general election. He remained active in fund-raising appeals for the party for many years afterwards. In consequence the Duke of Marlborough replaced him as candidate for Oxford in 1790. Fox may have intended a seat for Winchelsea for him, but nothing transpired. He did not want to spend £3,000 to buy a seat at Wootton Bassett or risk an expensive contest at Evesham, and did not want to be a liability on his party. He maintained a vain hope that the family interest would be available at Oxford, but it was not. In the 1790 general election he was elected MP for Wareham probably at the party's expense. In the 1796 general election the Whigs appear to have paid £3,000 his return again at Wareham. However, he was in financial difficulties in 1799 and lost through gambling again so heavily that he had to sell his London house and pictures. He resigned his seat in February 1799.

In March 1802 a vacancy arose for Spencer at Tavistock and he was elected at a by-election on 25 March 1802. In August 1802 he went to Paris with Fox, and met Napoleon with whom he discussed his great ancestor. Later when Napoleon was at St Helena Spencer sent him a biography of Marlborough. He was returned for Tavistock in the 1802 and  1806 general elections. He was Surveyor General of Woods, Forests, Parks, and Chases from February 1806 to March 1807. When Fox died his political raison d’être was gone and he gave up his seat at 1807. He never ceased to lament and praise Fox.

He resumed his seat for Tavistock in 1817 as a stopgap for the Duke of Bedford when Lord John Russell vacated the seat through illness and was returned in a by-election on 12 March 1817. Similarly he stood in for his own family at Woodstock in the 1818 general election although his nephew the Duke of Marlborough withdrew him from Woodstock in 1820.

Personal life
Spencer was an inveterate gambler and having lost his official salary found himself in financial difficulties around 1781, until he was admitted to a twelfth share in Fox's faro bank at Brooks's, with a fee of five or six guineas an hour. The circle surrounding Fox included Edward Bouverie, a fellow habitué of Brook's, and his younger wife Harriet, the daughter of Sir Everard Fawkener, K.B. She was a society hostess and actively campaigned for the Whigs. She became Spencer's mistress and the youngest Bouverie child, Diana, born in 1786 was acknowledged as a Bouverie but was referred to as “the tell-tale Bouverie, for there never was such a perfect indisputable Spencer, Lord Robert's walking picture and the very prettiest creature that ever was seen”. By 1791 his profits from the faro bank were sufficient to allow him to purchase Woolbeding House in Sussex.

Spencer married his mistress Harriet Bouverie on 2 October 1811, a year after the death of her husband.

Spencer retired to Woolbeding which he had tastefully embellished. He died on 23 June 1831, “a venerable grave old man”. He left Woolbeding to his natural daughter Diana Bouverie whose mother had predeceased him. She married George Ponsonby.

title: Lord Robert Spencer


text:
User:Ed6767/sandbox/newUW

Issues with the current appearance

 * It is no longer simply "we look old" anymore. As Wikipedia, and consequently MediaWiki (the software which Wikipedia runs on) expands with more features and more users using different skins, the discrepancies in the current user warning format are becoming more clear than ever
 * A large number of our disruptive editors are editing from mobile
 * ext

Current Level 1 format
Hello, I'm User: Example. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse.

Proposed Level 1 warning format
Hello, I'm Example. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse. Thanks.

title: User:Ed6767/sandbox/newUW


text:
Turkish Five

The  Turkish Five (Türk Beşleri) is a name used by some authors to identify five pioneers of Western classical music in Turkey. They were all born in the first decade of the 20th century, within about three-and-a-half years of each other, and composed their best music in the early years of the Republic of Turkey, especially during the presidencies of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and İsmet İnönü. They all shared contacts with the two presidents and were highly encouraged as such, both on a personal level and also through the general drive towards westernization in Turkey.

The Turkish Five composers are:
 * Ahmet Adnan Saygun (1907-1991)
 * Ulvi Cemal Erkin (1906-1972)
 * Cemal Reşit Rey (1904-1985)
 * Hasan Ferit Alnar (1906-1978)
 * Necil Kazım Akses (1908-1999)

These composers set out the direction of classic music in the newly established Turkish Republic. The use of Turkish folk music and traditional/modal elements in an entirely western symphonic style characterised the music of these composers.

title: Turkish Five


text:
tepidarium

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  A warm room in a Roman baths that was usually heated by a hypocaust.
 * 2)  A boiler in which the water was heated.
 * 3) Any room containing a warm bath.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tepidarium

Etymology
.

title: tepidarium


text:
List of Darkwing Duck episodes

Darkwing Duck is an American animated television series produced by The Walt Disney Company. It originally aired on the syndicated programming block The Disney Afternoon and later Saturday mornings on ABC from 1991 to 1992. Reruns of the series continued to air on The Disney Afternoon until 1995 and again between 1996 and 1997. The series originally aired as a preview-run on The Disney Channel in the spring of 1991 before beginning its main runs in September of that year. Episode air dates for this preview-run are not currently available. The series featured an eponymous superhero anthropomorphic duck with the alter ego of Drake Mallard, voiced by Jim Cummings. It is the first of two spin-offs of DuckTales, the other being Quack Pack.

A total of 91 episodes were made. Of those, 65 aired in syndication on The Disney Afternoon in the 1991–1992 season (the first two episodes aired as a combined hour-long broadcast of the pilot episode "Darkly Dawns the Duck" the weekend before the series began its weekday run), with 13 more simultaneously airing on Saturdays on ABC in the fall of 1991. Another 13 episodes aired on Saturdays on ABC in the fall of 1992.

The pilot episode "Darkly Dawns the Duck" originally aired on the weekend of Friday, September 6, 1991 (the air date varied by market) as part of a larger syndicated TV special called The Darkwing Duck Premiere / Back to School with the Mickey Mouse Club. Afterwards, "Darkly Dawns the Duck" was edited into a two-part version in which the two parts were treated as two distinct episodes. It is unknown when this two-part version first aired.

The Disney Afternoon episodes and the first 13 ABC episodes are listed separately. In fact, they constituted a single production season, but Disney originally kept the ABC episodes separate from the syndicated episodes for distribution purposes. The first ABC season was re-aired on The Disney Afternoon in the fall of 1992. The second ABC season was not aired on The Disney Afternoon until the fall of 1993, after ABC removed the series from its schedule.

Since the syndicated and ABC episodes are separated here, episodes are not listed according to their broadcast chronology. In addition, even the broadcast order of the first 78 episodes does not reflect their in-universe chronology – for example, Liquidator's origin episode "Dry Hard" was aired after his appearances in "Just Us Justice Ducks" and "Life, the Negaverse and Everything". The series' production order (with the exception of "Darkly Dawns the Duck") most closely reflects the intended chronological episode order.

title: List of Darkwing Duck episodes


text:
檢點

Verb

 * 1) to do a careful and thorough check
 * 2) to be cautious (about one's speech and behavior)

title: 檢點


text:
My Cousin Rachel (TV series)

My Cousin Rachel is a British mystery television series adapted from the novel of the same title by Daphne du Maurier. It first aired on BBC 2 in four parts between 7 and 28 March 1983.

Plot synopsis
Philip Ashley’s cousin and guardian Ambrose has mysteriously died in Italy. Philip distrusts the diagnosis of a brain tumor due to letters from Ambrose describing suspicions that Rachel and her attorney Rainalidi are trying to poison him. Ambrose had not made a new will upon his marriage to Rachel, leaving Philip the heir to the large estate. When Rachel arrives in Cornwall, Philip becomes enamored with her despite his misgivings. He makes preparations to transfer the estate to Rachel and, encouraged by her behavior, assumes they will be married. Rachel rejects this, claiming he has misunderstood, and Philip falls ill. Rachel nurses him back to health and when recovered, Philip suspects that she poisoned him. He searches her room looking for evidence. Finding none, he realizes he has misjudged Rachel and also realizes he has failed to warn her of a dangerous bridge in the garden. He finds her broken body under the collapsed bridge.

Cast

 * Geraldine Chaplin as Contessa Rachel Sangalletti
 * Christopher Guard as Philip Ashley
 * Charles Kay as Rainaldi
 * Amanda Kirby as Louise Kendall
 * Bert Parnaby as Seecombe
 * John Shrapnel as Ambrose Ashley
 * John Stratton as Nick Kendall
 * Keith Marsh as Rev. Pascoe
 * Michael Mellinger as Giuseppe
 * John Bryans as Mr. Couch
 * Esmond Knight as Sam Bates

Reception
In a 1985 review, John J. O'Connor of The New York Times commended the script and Chaplin's performance and the direction, noting it "captures the special Cornish atmosphere of the piece perfectly." O’Connor wrote "The problem with this psychological study is that dramatically it has no clearly defined resolution." He summarized the series as "a fairly absorbing treatment" but warned those looking for a "tidy" ending would be disappointed.

title: My Cousin Rachel (TV series)


text:
File:LunarRoverTestShot2.jpg

Summary
A test shot of a prototype lunar rover modeled with mostly Boolean techniques. A few others tossed in as necessary to finish the preliminary model. Bench seat was extruded from a closed curve which was then made into a tube to provide thickness at edge.

If you wish to tweak this model to improve it or use it in one of your Art of Illusion scenes email me and ask for \cisLunarFreighter\models\lunarRover.aoi. The project will have a web site within a few months but for now we must depend on email rather than documentation. Make it clear in the email you wish to have the file under a GNU FDL license so I remember to say you can and reference the Wikiversity project. Thanks for your interest! Mirwin 04:12, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

title: File:LunarRoverTestShot2.jpg


text:
User:The girl in Santhali

Santhali the tribe

Tribe are the first population who were living in india before hindu & Santhali are the third largest tribe (adivasi) of India. They basically live in the 5 state of the India . Jharkhand (Main place of pure santhal) . Orissa (Santhal occupied Orissa tradition ) . West Bengal (Santhal occupied bengoli tradition ) . Assam (Santhal occupied assam tradition ) . Bihar (They all are migrated from above state due to work )

Santhal are from pre Aryan period in the India before British time, may be from the existence of lord Shiva as santhali still worship nature (stone, jungle, river ). Origin of santhal are from pilchu hadam pilchu budi (couple of ancient time).

Religion: (SARNA) Santhal religion worships Marang buru or Bonga as the Supreme Deity in jaher esthal and in home temple name as bhetar

Language : olchiki (written  script and mother tong also). Developed in 1925 by pandit dr. raghunath murmur

Festivals: Sohrai is the principal festival of Santal community. Besides that Baha, Karam, Dansai, Sakrat, Mahmore, Rundo, Magsim, rajashala (chatukonda)  etc. are important.

Occupation: The main occupation is Farming, but farming is not enough for the family so they work as labour in construction site, but generally they refused to work in house for house hold.

Judicial system: judicial system is well organized in traditional manner among them in the society by the head of the society (society means to a single village) and head is called by respect ‘’MAJHI HADAM ‘’ .with the help of Godeth (sipahi), justice has been done by the proof and all the evidence all similar as court as tribe are not educated more and also not have money to use proper judicial system of India and also the judicial system of our country is very time taking but in santhal they final the case within i meeting or maximun 2 meeting in front of all villagers(ladies , gents , child )they maintain transparency.

People: Santhali people have long forehead and flat nose generally but exceptional are also there like child from inter-cast marriage. 80% of community belongs to dark and dark brown complexion.

title: User:The girl in Santhali


text:
Talk:David Manning

Doubt
David Manning is said to have been to the Protestant Ardingly College. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 12:56, 1 April 2012 (UTC)

Ambassador held official talks with US defence firm he later joined
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/ambassador-held-official-talks-with-us-defence-firm-he-later-joined-8229890.html

 * Notable enough to mention? Hcobb (talk) 01:53, 29 October 2012 (UTC)

Ambassador to Israel, not Tel Aviv
Even though the Embassy is in Tel Aviv, Manning was ambassador to the State of Israel, not merely one city. 2600:1004:B16D:C243:4CD3:E8C8:7183:9BCC (talk) 02:54, 26 December 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120622150648/http://www.lloyds.com/Lloyds/Investor-Relations/Corporate-Governance/Council-of-Lloyds to http://www.lloyds.com/Lloyds/Investor-Relations/Corporate-Governance/Council-of-Lloyds

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title: Talk:David Manning


text:
David Rees (rugby union, born 1974)

David Rees (born 15 October 1974) is a former Bristol Rugby player, who gained 11 caps for England between 1997 and 1999, scoring three tries.

Sale where he was first selected to play for England. Fourth cap on 6 December 1997 at Twickenham when facing legendary Jonah Lomu. With about 5 minutes gone, New Zealand won a penalty in their own 22. The All black fly-half Andrew Mehrtens kicked cross-field and found Rees on his right wing. Rees counter-attacked, chipped over the head of Lomu. He collected the ball, sidestepped round Zinzan Brooke's cover tackle and scored in the corner. The try sparked England on to a 23-9 half-time lead, though the All Blacks fought back in the second half with the match ending in a 26–26 draw.

He also scored two tries against Wales in a 1998 Five Nations Championship game.

In 1999 he moved to Bristol, and moved to Leeds Tykes in 2003 after Bristol were relegated. Later, in 2006, he moved to Newbury R.F.C. In the 2008–2009 season he joined Clifton.

title: David Rees (rugby union, born 1974)


text:
Frederick William Bissett

Frederick William Bissett (1902- November, 1978) was a lawyer and later a Justice of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, Canada. He is mostly known as Viola Desmond's lawyer.

Personal life
Bissett's parents moved from St. John's, Newfoundland Colony to Halifax, Nova Scotia when he was 3 months old. He graduated from Dalhousie University in 1926. He was Desmond's lawyer. He later became a Justice of Supreme Court of Nova Scotia in 1961. He retired in 1977 and died the following year.

Legal defense of Viola Desmond
Bissett's decision to opt for a judicial review rather than appeal the original conviction proved disastrous. Furthermore, Bissett chose to focus the case on the issue of tax evasion and not on the basis of racial discrimination.

When dismissing the case, Justice William Lorimer Hall said:

Had the matter reached the court by some other method than certiorari there might have been an opportunity to right the wrong done this unfortunate woman. One wonders if the manager of the theatre who laid the complaint was so zealous because of a bona fide belief that there had been an attempt to defraud the province of Nova Scotia of the sum of one cent, or was it a surreptitious endeavour to enforce a Jim Crow rule by misuse of a public state.

Upon losing the case, Bissett refused to bill Desmond and his fees were donated back to William Pearly Oliver's Nova Scotia Association for the Advancement of Coloured People.

title: Frederick William Bissett


text:
Wikiversity talk:Service community

Establishing Wikiversity's role and context
Establishing Wikiversity's role and context: Wikiversity + Wikimedia = Wikiversity's relationship to its parent organization, Wikimedia.

I've started a couple or three learning projects that I hope will help establish and strengthen Wikiversity by defining and studying it as a community within a Metacommunity, namely Wikimedia. I hope to present a "God's-eye view" of who we are and what we're doing, while improving communications with our sister projects. This might shed some light on how Wikiversity can help its service community become more effective within the much larger Internet context. Please participate. CQ 22:28, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

Technical help
Well, I should say that I dont understand this page. What is a service for Wikimedia group. I would better to see in here a group of people which would help with MediWiki, templates, editing to common users of Wikiversity. Some people coming here are not wiki skilled. They should find here a course how to study a "wiki way". People who knows might find usefull technical version of colloquium, were they can ask q about editing, html and java script. Template but also MediaWiki problems having in here. For example this is one of the big problems, that I wanna teach Spanish and not tu study how to do these thinks, thats why Spanish courses are still not available.--Juan 11:15, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * It is traditional at universities in the USA for people to do some work outside of their local university community, generally for the broader community of the area where the university is located. This is a type of "community service" and it is often just called "service" and is one of four broad areas of activity (service, research, teaching, administration). I agree that Wikiversity needs good learning resources for helping participants know how to use the wiki software and how to get things done within Wikiversity. We have "Help:" pages that are like a users manual (example), some tutorials in the "Wikiversity:" namespace and learning projects about Wikiversity and about the MediaWiki software. All of these types of "help" pages are in need of further development. --JWSchmidt 15:47, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity talk:Service community


text:
File:FemaleSign.png

Misc
Also see http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Image:FemaleSign2.png (its edges are not blurred, might be better for higher res)

title: File:FemaleSign.png


text:
File:ChesterDTurner.jpg

Fair use in Chester Turner

 * This image is of a convicted California felon.
 * It is a low resolution copy of the original photograph, which was made by the California Department of Corrections.
 * No free alternative to this photograph exists.

title: File:ChesterDTurner.jpg


text:
Contrarian (band)

Contrarian is an American extreme metal band from Rochester, New York, founded in 2012 by guitarist Jim Tasikas. The band is known for its progressive songwriting and technical playing style. They are influenced by progressive death metal of the 1990s from bands such as Death and Cynic, and combine it with modern technical death metal. The band featured famed Nile drummer George Kollias for their first three albums.

History
The band was originally formed in 2012 in Rochester, New York, by Jim Tasikas. Jim then enlisted his friend Ed Paulsen for bass duties, Brian Mason as lead guitar and George Kollias of Nile for drums. Contrarian roots came from the progressive and technical metal scene birthed in Rochester, NY in the mid-1990s which also brought to light bands such as Lethargy, Mastodon, Psyopus and Sulaco. Contrarian recorded their first EP "Predestined" in 2014. This EP caught the attention of Jason Tipton at Willowtip Records and within one year the band released their first full-length album Polemic on November 20, 2015.

The band's two latest album Only Time Will Tell and Sage of Shekhinah were also released via Willowtip Records, with mixing by producer Neil Kernon. Contrarian has had guest appearances from Paul Masvidal of Cynic and Leon Macey of Mithras UK.

As of 2020, guitarists Jim Tasikas and Brian Mason are endorsed by ESP guitars. Contrarian are known for their detailed album art covers and concept albums dealing with themes of philosophy and theology. Contrarian are also known for reviving an organic approach to recording technical metal in studio settings.

Members
Current
 * Jakob Sin - vocals (2022 - present)
 * Brian Mason – guitars (2014–present)
 * Jim Tasikas – guitars (2014–present)
 * Bill Bodily – bass (2019–present) (Flotsam and Jetsam)
 * Alex Cohen – drums (2022–present) (ex-Pyrrhon, ex-Imperial Triumphant)

Former
 * Cody McConnell – vocals (2015, 2019–2021)
 * Leon Macey – guitars (2014–2016)
 * Ed Paulsen – bass (2014–2019)
 * George Kollias – drums (2014–2019), vocals (2015–2019) (Nile)
 * Bryce Butler – drums (2019–2022) (Shadow of Intent, Abigail Williams, ex-The Faceless)

Studio albums

 * Predestined (2014)
 * Polemic (2015)
 * To Perceive Is to Suffer (2017)
 * Their Worm Never Dies (2019)
 * Only Time Will Tell (2020)
 * Sage of Shekhinah (2023)
 * Demos & Oddities 1995-1999 (2023)

title: Contrarian (band)


text:
azafata

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) stewardess, flight attendant
 * 2) a person who provides assistance to attendees, customers, clients, etc.; a conference assistant, a customer service assistant, an events coordinator, a hostess, a receptionist, etc.
 * 1) a person who provides assistance to attendees, customers, clients, etc.; a conference assistant, a customer service assistant, an events coordinator, a hostess, a receptionist, etc.
 * 1) a person who provides assistance to attendees, customers, clients, etc.; a conference assistant, a customer service assistant, an events coordinator, a hostess, a receptionist, etc.
 * 1) a person who provides assistance to attendees, customers, clients, etc.; a conference assistant, a customer service assistant, an events coordinator, a hostess, a receptionist, etc.

title: azafata


text:
Talk:List of Asilidae species

none of item is exist & not notable

 * 1) Could you let me know how many item exist will this list not be deleted?
 * 2) There are many list in the same style like this. Please see also in Category:Taxonomic lists (species) for notable issue. Thanks!--Cheers! (talk) 00:39, 19 July 2012 (UTC)
 * In order to create a list article, either the whole items of the list should be existed or consider a reference for each item. But in this list, there are many red links which have no references to specify if they are really "Asilidae species" or not. That's inconsistent with WP:V.
 * So all of them should be deleted or a reliable reference should be added to them. ● Mehran Debate● 05:23, 19 July 2012 (UTC)
 * PS: I verified the reference again, I didn't download the CSV file before, so I removed the PORD tag from article. Thanks ● Mehran Debate● 05:26, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

Corrections needed in use of brackets for species authors
The brackets for author names carry a specific meaning in zoological taxonomy: they are meant to indicate that the species in question was later moved to another genus in a subsequent publication.

For example: Efferia candida was first described and named by Coquillet in 1893 and is still placed in Efferia nowadays, so the correct entry for it is Efferia candida Coquillet, 1893 without brackets. On the other hand: Macquart originally described Efferia albibarbis in 1838 but with the name Erax albibarbis, and this species was moved to Efferia only later (by Martin, 1962). In this case the brackets are needed and the correct entry for it is indeed Efferia albibarbis (Macquart, 1838)

I have updated the species list for Diogmites accordingly and am now prepping a new page for that genus (as well as for Prolepsis), following the format of the current page of Efferia.

Obviously it will take a big effort by many more of us, to go through all the other genera in List_of_Asilidae_species and remove brackets for those species authors who originally described a species in the genus where it remains today.

GBIF uses the round brackets correctly and is pretty dependable as a comparison point (though it does contain quite a few spelling errors for species names). It also is reasonably up to date on new species added recently to genera, so if anyone is planning to add species to any genus then it would be great if you can check the species author brackets along the way, and remove them where appropriate. Pdeley (talk) 03:04, 4 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Asilidae species


text:
Talk:persue

My imagination?
I had always believed that this spelling meant, "Bring this serf before me". Though I can't seem to find any references in support. Pinjar 01:38, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:persue


text:
User:Abdallah albeltagy/Books/Stephen Hawking

The Amazing Man

 * Chapter (1) : Introduction
 * Cosmology
 * Theoretical physics
 * Universe
 * Four-dimensional space
 * Spacetime
 * Matter
 * Quantum mechanics
 * Big Bang
 * Black hole
 * Black hole thermodynamics
 * Black hole information paradox
 * Event horizon
 * Length
 * Length scale
 * Nanoscopic scale
 * Distance
 * General relativity
 * Special relativity
 * String theory

 * Chapter (2) : Stephen Hawking
 * Stephen Hawking
 * Motor neuron disease
 * Neurological disorder
 * Jane Wilde Hawking
 * Lucy Hawking
 * Hawking radiation
 * Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe
 * Gibbons–Hawking ansatz
 * Gibbons–Hawking effect
 * Gibbons–Hawking space
 * Gibbons–Hawking–York boundary term
 * Hartle–Hawking state
 * Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet

 * Chapter (3) : Hawking Books
 * A Brief History of Time
 * A Brief History of Time (film)
 * A Briefer History of Time (Hawking and Mlodinow book)
 * Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays
 * The Grand Design (book)
 * The Universe in a Nutshell
 * God Created the Integers
 * George and the Big Bang
 * George's Cosmic Treasure Hunt
 * George's Secret Key to the Universe
 * On the Shoulders of Giants (book)
 * The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time
 * The Nature of Space and Time

 * Chapter (4) : Hawking and the media
 * Stephen Hawking in popular culture
 * Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking
 * Hawking (2004 film)
 * Hawking (2013 film)
 * The Theory of Everything (2014 film)


text:
General Astronomy/Yearly Motions

Why do we have seasons? A little thought will suggest that it can't have much to do with the Earth's distance from the sun, as that would affect the Southern and Northern Hemispheres at the same time. (In fact, the Earth is slightly nearer to the sun around December than at other times of the year.) Why, then are there seasons?

Every year the Earth completes one orbit of the Sun. We see this observe the effect as the change of the seasons and the movement of the constellations. Over the course of a year, the Sun moves through a great circle on the celestial sphere, tracing out the same path year after year. This path is called the ecliptic. The ecliptic is not only the path of the Sun in the sky, it also marks the plane of the Earth's orbit of the Sun. The planets orbit the Sun in different planes but near to the ecliptic.

The axis of the Earth's rotation is tilted by 23½° with respect to the plane of the ecliptic. Globes are typically built with an inclined rotation axis. The 23½° North latitude is marked as the Tropic of Cancer and the 23½° South latitude is marked as the Tropic of Capricorn. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun will pass directly over head only between June 20 and 22th along the Tropic of Cancer. That day is called the day of the summer maximum or Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, the Sun will pass directly over head only once between December 20 and 23rd along the Tropic of Capricorn. Anywhere between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, the Sun will pass directly overhead at least twice during the year, but the Sun will never pass overhead for people living outside the tropics. Within the Tropics, over the course of a year, the Sun's position in the sky changes, beginning in the southern sky about December 21, moving to the northern sky in mid-year, and ending the year back in the southern sky.

The tilt of Earth's rotation axis causes a 23½° tilt of the great circle of the ecliptic with respect to the Earth's equator. The ecliptic and the equator intersect at two points, but are otherwise separated by up to 23½°. When the sun lies at one of the intersections, it is directly overhead somewhere on the equator. This occurs at the equinox, and the points on the sky where the equinox intersects the equator are also called equinoxes. Once every year, the Sun passes through the equator going north. This happens in late March — the "vernal" or "spring" equinox. The "autumnal" equinox occurs when the Sun passes through the equator in late September.

On the equinox days, the day and night are equally long. This is the origin of the name equinox, which is from Latin for "equal night." On the day of the equinox, the Sun rises due east and sets due west. It doesn't rise to directly overhead, though, except for observers on the Equator. The equinoxes are the only days of the year that have twelve hours of daylight and twelve hours of dark. After the vernal equinox, moving into Northern summertime, the Sun begins rising in the northeast and sets in the northwest. Days in the Northern Hemisphere become longer, while days in the Southern Hemisphere become shorter.

The points at which the Sun is at its greatest distance from the equator are called the solstices. The solstices mark the longest and shortest day of the year. The longest day of the year is the summer solstice and the shortest day is the winter solstice. In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs when the Sun is farthest north, while the winter solstice occurs at the Sun's southernmost point. In the Southern Hemisphere, the solstices are reversed.

Viewed from space, we see that the Earth's tilt changes the exposure of different parts of the Earth to the Sun. Observers in the Northern Hemisphere will see the Sun at its lowest position in the southern sky, about December 21. They see it this way because the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun and the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away. About June 22, the situation is reversed, with the Northern Hemisphere pointed toward the Sun, and the Sun will be in its extreme high point in the sky at solar noon. For an observer in the Southern Hemisphere, the Sun will appear at its lowest point in the sky in the north, about June 22, while the Sun will appear at its high point in the sky about December 21. One effect of this phenomenon is that during the months of Northern Hemisphere summer, the North Pole will be able to receive sunlight twenty-four hours a day. The Sun will remain visible through much of the autumn, passing below the horizon at the autumnal equinox. As winter sets in at the North Pole, the Sun will not be seen for six months, while that portion of the Earth is tilted away from the Sun.

As one moves toward the Earth's equator from either pole, this effect becomes less severe. The nearer one is to the equator, the less difference there will be between the number of hours of illumination and night hours. At the equator, there's practically no difference between the length of day all through the year.

Clearly, the annual motion of the Earth around the Sun is the cause of Earth's seasons. What effect gives rise to this seasonal change is less obvious. At first glance, one might think that winter occurs when the Earth is farther from the Sun. If we realize the Northern and Southern Hemispheres have winter at different times of year, we see that this can't be right. Also, the Earth's orbit is very nearly circular. The change in the Earth's orbital distance is much too small to have a noticeable effect on Earth's climate.

Certainly the length of time each day during which sunlight falls on a particular location has a great deal to do with the seasonal changes in temperature. However, another effect less obvious, but more influential is the angle at which the sunlight hits a region. At the equator, there is little difference throughout the year as the Sun varies by 23.5 degrees on either side of the vertical. The length of the ray's path on Dec 21 at solar noon is increased by a factor of only 1.1 from a direct vertical path and the reduction of the sunlight is small. The more direct radiation gives the maximum amount of heat and energy to the earth where it falls, and therefore these areas will receive the most warmth. Away from the equator, however, the Earth's tilt means that sunlight is not received so directly and a greater amount of the Sun's energy is blocked by the longer path it takes through the atmosphere. At 50 degrees north latitude, the path the Sun's rays travel through the atmosphere on Dec 21, at solar noon, will be increased by a factor of 3.5 from a direct vertical path. In general, the rays will come at an angle that depends on the time of day, the latitude of the region from the equator, and the position of Earth in its orbit.

The constellations in the ecliptic, the zodiac, have a long history in the tradition of astrology. In most newspapers, you can read a (completely unscientific) prediction of your future or some personal advice, specific to your birthday. Each entry is associated with one of the constellations of the zodiac and a range of birth dates. In the tradition of astrology, the constellation the Sun occupied on your birthday, your "sign," reveals information about your personality and your future.

Interestingly, the dates given for each constellation in the newspaper don't match the Sun's position in the sky for those dates. There is a mismatch between the date in the newspaper and the real position of the Sun of a little more than a month. The mismatch appears because the dates corresponding to each sign were set thousands of years ago. Over the course of thousands of years, the Earth "wobbles" on its axis, causing the calendar and the positions of the stars in the sky to shift. This wobble is caused by the pull on the equator by the sun and moon, and is called precession. It affects the positions of all the constellations with respect to the equinoxes and the pole.

The precession of the Earth is like the movement of a top. If you spin a top with the axis tilted, the axis will slowly rotate as the top spins. Likewise, the Earth's axis remains tilted at 23½°, but the orientation of this tilt changes over the course of thousands of years.

Since precession changes the direction in which Earth's pole points, it also changes which star is the North Star, if any. Earlier, we quoted Shakespeare, who referenced Polaris in Julius Caesar, describing it as the northern star. Strictly, this would be incorrect. Polaris was not "fixed" in the sky in Julius Caesar's time because Earth's axis was pointed differently, toward the Big Dipper.

Precession is a slow drift, and a difficult motion to detect. The motion of the stars from precession only becomes noticeable to the unaided eye after many, many years of careful observation, although it becomes very quickly noticeable through a telescope. The Greek astronomer Hipparchus was the first to measure the precession by comparing his own observations to observations collected a century and a half before.

Precession changes the position of the Earth in its orbit for the solstices and the equinoxes. As the Earth's axis turns over, the moment when it points most closely towards the Sun changes, and so the seasons change. If a calendar didn't account for this, the seasons would drift as the axis precessed. Eventually, the Northern Hemisphere would be cold in July and warm in January, and the Southern Hemisphere would have warm July weather and cold January weather. The calendar takes the extra motion of precession into account by using the tropical year as its basis. The year as we usually define it is a sidereal year, the time it takes for the Earth to make one orbit around the Sun. In one year, as we usually measure it, the Earth really completes a little more than a full orbit around the Sun. During a sidereal year, the Sun moves fully around the sky and back into the same position with respect to the stars. In a tropical year, the Sun goes from the Vernal Equinox, around the sky, and back to the Vernal Equinox again. During this time, the equinox has shifted slightly in its position, so that a tropical year is a bit shorter than a sidereal year.

It's easy to identify the progression of the calendar if you take careful notice of the sky. Next time you see sunrise or sunset, take notice of whether the Sun is setting due west or just north or south of west. Many ancient cultures watched the motion of the Sun carefully and over long periods of time. Using simple techniques and tools, they were able to measure periods like the length of a year very accurately. Ancient people who took notice of celestial motion would have found that the summer solstice occurred every 365 days. They would also notice that the solstice was delayed an extra day every four years. This is the reason for the leap year in the modern calendar. The delay occurs because the length of the year is a little more than 365 days — closer to 365¼ days long. By taking some simple observations over a period of a few years, it is possible to measure the length of a year to surprising accuracy using this technique.

Solar calendars have been used throughout history. The ancient Babylonians thought the year had only 360 days, and made their calendar accordingly. The Islamic calendar is lunar, and is 11 (1/2) days different than the solar calendar. The Hebrew calendar is lunisolar.

Our modern calendar is handed down to us from the Ancient Roman civilization. The calendar took its first mature form as the Julian calendar, almost exactly the same as the one used today. It had 365 days in a year, with a 366-day leap year every four years. In the Julian calendar, years divisible by 4 — such as 1992, 1996, and 2008 — are leap years. This gave the Julian calendar an average of 365¼ days per year, which is very close to the true 365.2422 day length for a tropical year.

Although the drift of the Julian calendar is slow, the error in the calendar had accumulated enough by the sixteenth century that the Catholic Church became concerned about the drift's effect on the date of the celebration of Easter. The Italian chronologer Aloisius Lilius invented modifications to the Julian calendar to correct the difference. Pope Gregory XI instituted the new calendar, now named the Gregorian calendar, in the year 1582.

The Gregorian calendar was identical to the Julian calendar except that the leap year was skipped on years not divisible by 400. In the years 1600, 2000, and 2400, there would be a leap year in the Gregorian calendar, but not 1800, 1900, or 2100. This produced a year of average length 365.2425 days, much closer to the correct value than the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar accumulates only 3 days of error over 10,000 years.

Discussion questions
1) On the date of the summer solstice, the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Cancer, and on the date of the winter solstice the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Capricorn. Draw a quick sketch that shows the relative positions of the sun and the earth on those dates.

2) On the date when the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Capricorn, the sun is actually located in the constellation of Sagittarius. So why did the Greeks name Tropic of Capricorn the Tropic of Capricorn instead of the Tropic of Sagittarius?

title: General Astronomy/Yearly Motions


text:
luxate

Etymology
From (parsed as a verb via English ), from.

Verb

 * 1)  To dislocate.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Norwegian: luksere
 * Polish:
 * Romanian:
 * Spanish: ,

Adjective

 * 1)  Dislocated.

title: luxate


text:
Talk:Dervla Murphy

THIS WAS STARTED ON A PERSONAL TALKPAGE AND IS NOW COPIED HERE
Hi, you deleted something I'd recently added to Dervla Murphy. I suppose it is wishful thinking, but surely there has to be some way to acknowledge the unusual personal choice she made, to bear what would have been called a bastard, in that time and place? This reflects on her, her strength of character and iconoclasm. If you know the writing about her better than I do, can you add a comment? ThanksBrainyBabe (talk) 02:43, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * I've read a couple of her books but I'm not familiar with writings about her. I think that the article should only reflect what has already been written about her. I scanned the interviews under the external links, but did not find much connecting her being a single mother and the prevailing attitudes of the time, other than "She raised Rachel alone, a brave choice in 1960s Ireland" (Sunday Business Post) - why it was a brave choice is left unstated. RosinDebow (talk) 05:12, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * I suspect there isn't much writing about her. I think the "brave choice" is clear in the context; thanks for finding it. How about modifying the existing sentence along these lines:
 * In 1968 she gave birth to her only child, fathered by Irish Times journalist Terence de Vere White, whom she never married. She raised her daughter Rachel alone, "a brave choice in 1960s Ireland" [ref], where the power of the Catholic Church was strong.  Murphy spent the next five years working as a book reviewer before returning to travel writing.
 * What do you think? BrainyBabe (talk) 10:31, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Mentioning the influence of the church still seems like original research to me, even though it may be readily apparent to someone who knows anything about Ireland. However, if you look at this link referenced in the article there is a nice quote from her about her position at the time (about the 9th paragraph down). RosinDebow (talk) 13:48, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Hm. Ok. I want to give context to those readers who may not know. What about:
 * She raised her daughter Rachel alone, "a brave choice in 1960s Ireland" [ref], but felt herself in a secure position financially and professionally and thus safe from harassment. (She had written unpublishable novels earlier in her life, one of them, presciently, about a mother and her illegitimate child.) [ref]
 * And then, there is always the curious incident of the dog in the night time. Watson: but the dog didn't bark!  Holmes: That is the curious incident.  (I paraphrase, but the point is that what e.g. Murphy chose not to write can be more important than what was written.  A philosophical point.) BrainyBabe (talk) 14:08, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Your revision sounds much better to me, though "harassment" is stronger than the word "criticism" in the source - I'll leave it up to you if you want to change that or not. Also, the second sentence probably doesn't need the parentheses. As for what she did not write - I agree with your point (and thanks for the curious incident reference), but making the point in Wikipedia, unless supported by a source, would strike me as original research. RosinDebow (talk) 18:42, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Done. Changed to "criticism" as you suggest. Moved to "personal" section as clearly not travel writing. Much better!  And I realise I really should have started this discussion in the article talkpage, not yours, so will copy it there, and you can delete it from your talkpage should you wish. BrainyBabe (talk) 21:05, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Good addition and nice work :) Fionah (talk) 11:38, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

Where does the father's name come from? Not mentioned in his WP article, nor in the source given for the next sentence, and I don't remember coming across it in any of her books or other interviews etc? PamD (talk) 17:36, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Found a source, and added it. PamD (talk) 18:15, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Rachel's Diaries?
I'm reading the second book about her travels with Rachel (Indus la de da). Dervla occasionally metions Rachel's diary, and I was wondfering if this has ever been published. Any more contemporary memoirs (of Rachel) would also add valuable insight into their travels. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:06, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Lead
The lead needs to be expanded to properly summarize the article. Hekerui (talk) 21:51, 28 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Done :) --Fionah (talk) 17:06, 5 July 2009 (UTC)

Are her travel writings truly autobiographical, or somewhat fictional
Not to cast aspersions on Dervla Murphy's enjoyable writings, but has anybody seen a discussion of whether all the events she describes are factual, or embroidered travel tales? Pete unseth (talk) 16:07, 22 February 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Dervla Murphy. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182943/http://www.sundayherald.com/display.var.1137002.0.0.php to http://www.sundayherald.com/display.var.1137002.0.0.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070526092331/http://www.discoverlismore.com/immrama.shtml to http://www.discoverlismore.com/immrama.shtml
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070630182254/http://www.irishwriters-online.com/dervlamurphy.html to http://www.irishwriters-online.com/dervlamurphy.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182943/http://www.sundayherald.com/display.var.1137002.0.0.php to http://www.sundayherald.com/display.var.1137002.0.0.php

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:32, 9 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dervla Murphy