text:
Genome browser

The completion of the human genome sequencing in the early 2000s was a turning point in genomics research. Scientists have conducted series of research into the activities of genes and the genome as a whole. The human genome contains around 3 billion base pairs nucleotide, and the huge quantity of data created necessitates the development of an accessible tool to explore and interpret this information in order to investigate the genetic basis of disease, evolution, and biological processes. The field of genomics has continued to grow, with new sequencing technologies and computational tool making it easier to study the genome.

The genome browser is an important tool for studying the genome. In bioinformatics, a genome browser is a graphical interface for displaying information from a biological database for genomic data. It is a software tool that displays genetic data in graphical form. Genome browsers enable users to visualize and browse entire genomes with annotated data, including gene prediction, gene structure, protein, expression, regulation, variation, and comparative analysis. Annotated data is usually from multiple diverse sources. They differ from ordinary biological databases in that they display data in a graphical format, with genome coordinates on one axis with annotations or space-filling graphics to show analyses of the genes, such as the frequency of the genes and their expression profiles. The software allows users to navigate the genome, view numerous features, analyze and investigate the relationships between various genomic elements.

History
The first genome browser, known as the Ensembl Genome Browser, was develop as part of the Human Genome Project by a group of researchers from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). It was created with the aim of providing a complete resource for the human genome sequence, with focus on gene annotation. It is a user-friendly interface for exploring the human genome and other organism's genomes. Several more genome browsers have been created, including the UCSC Genome Browser, developed in 2000 by Jim Kent and David Haussler, and the NCBI's Genome Data Viewer.

These genome browsers may support multiple genomes, however, other genome browsers may be specific for particular species. These browsers may provide summary of data from genomic databases and comparative assessment of different genetic sequences across multiple species, and allow the data to be visualized in various ways to facilitate assessment and interpretation of these complex data.

Characteristics of a Browser
Genome Assembly and Annotation: Give access to the reference genome assembly, serving as a framework for overlaying and analyzing other genomic data. They also include gene annotations that provide information about gene locations, transcripts, and functional elements. There is no specific browser that is considered the "best" for genome annotation and assembly as it ultimately depends on the specific needs of the user and the type of analysis being performed. Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV): IGV is a popular browser for visualizing and annotating genomic data, including genomic variation, gene expression, and chromatin structure. It supports a wide range of file formats and provides advanced tools for data analysis.

Data Overlay and Integration: Allow users to overlay and integrate diverse genomic data types, such as DNA sequencing data, gene expression data, and epigenetic data, onto the reference genome. This enables researchers to study relationships between different genomic features and datasets.The choice of the most suitable genome annotation and assembly browser varies depending on the specific analysis needs and preferences of the user. However, one popular option for visualizing and annotating genomic data is the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV), which offers a wide range of data analysis tools and supports various file formats, including genomic variation, gene expression, and chromatin structure data.

Visualization Tools: Offer visualization tools that enable users to visualize genomic data in various formats, such as heatmaps, line plots, bar plots, and genomic tracks. These tools facilitate exploration and interpretation of complex genomic data in a graphical format. The UCSC Genome Browser is a popular and comprehensive genome browser that offers a wide range of visualization tools for genomic data, such as genetic variation, gene expression, and epigenetic modifications. Additionally, it provides access to numerous publicly available datasets for comparative genomics research.

Zooming and Navigation: Provide zooming and navigation tools that allow users to explore genomic data at different scales, from the whole genome down to individual nucleotides. This facilitates navigation and focus on specific genomic regions of interest. Again UCSC is a great browser for navigation, however the NCBI in Figure 1 as featured in the figure below has logical navigation and user interface.

Search and Retrieval: Include search and retrieval features that allow users to search for specific genes, genomic regions, or functional elements. This simplifies the process of locating and retrieving relevant genomic data for analysis. The NCBI browser is a valuable tool for genomics research due to its extensive database, user-friendly interface, and integration with other NCBI tools. It provides access to a large and diverse set of biological databases, including the GenBank database, making it easier for users to search and retrieve genomic data. Additionally, the user-friendly interface and advanced search options allow for more efficient searches, while the integration with other NCBI tools ensures a seamless search and retrieval experience.

Comparative Genomics: Some genomic browsers include features for comparing and analyzing genomic data from different species or strains. This enables researchers to study evolutionary relationships, identify conserved regions, and compare gene orthologs. Ensembl offers advanced comparative genomics tools, including the ability to compare gene structures, genome alignments, and synteny between different organisms.

Customization and Annotation: Can allow users to customize the display of genomic data by adding their own annotations, tracks, or visualizations. This enables researchers to tailor the browser interface to their specific research needs and hypotheses.

Data Sharing and Collaboration: Contain features for data sharing and collaboration, such as the ability to share browser sessions, save customizations, or collaborate with other researchers in real-time. This promotes collaboration and data sharing among researcher. GMOD: GMOD (Generic Model Organism Database) is a collection of open-source tools for building and sharing genome databases. It provides a framework for integrating genomic data with other biological data types, such as proteomics and metabolomics, and allows for the sharing of data and analysis with collaborators.

Analysis Tools: Some browsers provide analysis tools, such as tools for identifying differentially expressed genes, predicting functional elements, or performing other computational analyses on the genomic data directly within the browser environment. ↵The two images show the features and inputs of the NCBI Genomic Browser which is one of many. The right image displays the Chr1 region of the human gene. The box at the bottom highlighted in red shows the customizable options such as BLAST, track by accession, assembly details, history, and tracks/user data. These features can be different across different genomic platforms.

Features and Functionality
The genome browser displays the genome as a series of tracks or layers that can be toggled on or off based on the needs of the user. Each track represents a unique genomic feature such as genes, transcripts, regulatory region, or sequence variations. The user can zoom in and out of a certain genome region to view different level of detail or additional information, as well as navigate to specific regions using a search function or by clicking on a specific feature.

Aside from gene annotations, genome browsers can display a variety of different data types, such as:

DNA Sequence: This can be shown as a single linear track or as several tracks, with different colors signifying distinct features (for example, exons, introns, and repetitions).

Variation Data: This includes information on Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), insertions/deletions (indels), and structural variants.

Transcriptomics: This contains information on gene expression levels, alternative splicing, and non-coding RNAs.

Proteomics: This includes information on protein expression levels, post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions.

Applications
Genome browsers are used in a variety of research fields, including bioinformatics, genetics, and clinical genomics. They allow researchers to investigate the genetic basis of disease, evolution, and other biological processes. Here are some instances of how genome browsers are being used in various fields:

Evolutionary Biology: Genome browsers are used to study and compare the genomes of various organisms to identify similarities and differences in gene structure, regulatory element, function and repetitive sequence. This can provide evolutionary insight into the relationship between different species and also help identify genetic alteration that underpin adaptation and speciation, as well as provide evolutionary insight into relationship between different species.

Clinical Genomics: Genome browsers are used to study the genetic basis of disease. By examining the genome of a patient, researchers can identify genetic mutation that may be responsible for the disease. Genome browsers enable researchers to investigate these mutations' possible impact on gene expression and protein function by visualizing them in the context of the genome and how proteins work.

title: Genome browser


text:
Talk:List of people from San Antonio

Untitled
Annedlda Baetz Brauchle, from San Antonio , was the first girl veterinarian in Texas. Should this be under " scientists" ? I see doctors there and looks like Doctor would be a small heading. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:19, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

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source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:List of people from San Antonio


text:
Talk:Mark Wright's Hollywood Nights

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title: Talk:Mark Wright's Hollywood Nights


text:
User:Garnetbibliophile/sandbox

practice to add citation

Nathaniel Holmes Bishop wrote .....

test   another test of bold    bold  italic

Paragraph: This helps you set the style of the text. For example, a header, or plain paragraph text. You can also use it to offset block quotes.
A: Highlight your text, then click here to format it with bold, italics, etc. The "More" options allows you to underline, add code snippets, and change language keyboards.

Links: The chain button allows you to link your text. Highlight the word, and push the button. VisualEditor will automatically suggest related Wikipedia articles for that word or phrase. This is a great way to connect your article to more Wikipedia content. You only have to link important words once, usually during the first time they appear. If you want to link to pages outside of Wikipedia (for an "external links" section, for example) click on the "External link" tab.

Cite: The citation tool in VisualEditor helps format your citations. You can simply paste a DOI or URL, and the VisualEditor will try to sort out all of the fields you need. Be sure to review it, however, and apply missing fields manually (if you know them). You can also add books, journals, news, and websites manually. That opens up a quick guide for inputting your citations. Finally, you can click the "re-use" tab if you've already added a source and just want to cite it again. Stories from Hans Christian Andersen at Project Gutenberg Insert: This tab lets you add media, images, or tables.
 * Bullets: To add bullet points or a numbered list, click here.

Ω: The final tab allows you to add special characters, such as those found in non-English words, scientific notation, and a handful of language extensions.Enter an umläut

title: User:Garnetbibliophile/sandbox


text:
User:Thepedestrian~enwikibooks

The Korean War
use more specific dates wherever possible

add information about korea becoming communist, kim il sung, etc. After World War II, the US attempted to curb Soviet influence on the Korean Peninsula by occupying southern part of that area. The area occupied by the US became South Korea, while the other part became North Korea. North Korea soon passed into the control of the Communist Party.

In May, 1949, fighting between North and South Korean troops broke out near the border between the two nations. In an attempt to add South Korea to the Communist World, North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950. The People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union lent their support to North Korea, while the United States did the same to South Korea.

When the United Nations Security Council voted to aid South Korea in stopping North Korean aggression, the United States agreed to send troops to the Korean Peninsula. General Douglas MacArthur was given the command of American troops in Korea.

By the autumn of 1950, North Korean troops were forced out of South Korea. In October, General MacArthur ordered troops to cross into North Korea. In the third week of that month, the US took the capital of North Korea, Pyongyang.

flesh this paragraph out Then, the People's Republic of China began its counterattacks at the end of November. In December, Chinese "volunteers" took over Pyongyang and ejected enemy troops from North Korea.

add backlash against truman for firing macarthur, macarthur's grand homecoming and retirement speech (old soldiers never die) The US intended to do whatever it took to win the Korean War. It even planned on using the atomic bomb. However, President Truman did not trust General MacArthur to follow orders when using the atomic bomb. Therefore, he asked for MacArthur's resignation; MacArthur complied.

After months of deadlock, peace was finally agreed to in July, 1953. The United Nations signed an armistice with North Korea and the People's Republic of China. South Korea, however, refused to sign. The two Koreas are still technically at war because no Peace Treaty was ever agreed to by both sides.

title: User:Thepedestrian~enwikibooks


text:
servidumbre

Etymology
, inherited from, derived ultimately from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) servitude
 * 2) easement

title: servidumbre


text:
pred

Etymology
of various words.

Etymology
.

Preposition

 * 1)  before, just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question )
 * 2)  before, in front of, before (without change of position, answering the question /)
 * 3)  in front of, to the front of, before (with change of position, answering the question )
 * 4)  in face of, before, facing
 * 5)  ago
 * 1)  in face of, before, facing
 * 2)  ago
 * 1)  ago

Usage notes
The alternative form occurs before the enclitic of some personal pronouns to ease the pronunciation:
 * preda me / preda mnom
 * preda te / pred tobom
 * pred nj / pred njim

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1) before, in front of (motion to)
 * 2) before, in front of (stationary)
 * 3) before, previous to (in time)

title: pred


text:
Talk:Denise Welch

Former partner
Who is Denise Welch's ex-partner that she often refers to? Is he a celebrity as well? <IP_ADDRESS> 15:45, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

The actor David Easter, who played Pat Hancock in Brookside and Pete Callan in Family Affairs. Smurfmeister (talk) 19:02, 22 November 2011 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Denise welch cs.jpg
Image:Denise welch cs.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at [[Wikipedi

Image
The previous image MAY be a copyvio - until it is determined to be a copyvio by Commons, why can't it stay here? Either that or no image at all if a free one isn't available. The current one is beyond horrid. Lhb1239 (talk) 17:22, 5 December 2011 (UTC)
 * The picture isn't great. Lots of articles have pictures that aren't great. We work with what's freely available. I don't see any reason to wait for commons to get around to deleting what almost certainly has bad licensing information. --Onorem♠Dil 18:25, 5 December 2011 (UTC)

 * No.....we work with (and provide) that which is encyclopedic. I don't see how such an uncomplementary photo adds encyclopedic value to the article at all.  Lhb1239 (talk) 18:35, 5 December 2011 (UTC)
 * I notice the commons image has now been deleted. I won't restore the other without consensus, but would argue that a photo adds value by showing what the subject looks like. No, it's not a promo headshot for the subject, but it is a version of what they look like. --Onorem♠Dil 02:31, 12 December 2011 (UTC)

 * If it shows the subject of the article in less-than-optimal/complimentary circumstances, then it detracts more than it adds. If it detracts rather than attracts it doesn't add to the quality of the article and shouldn't be included.  There's GOT to be a better free image available out there somewhere.  Lhb1239 (talk) 06:27, 12 December 2011 (UTC)
 * i say if a free picture is available, use that until something better comes along.  GunGagdin Moan 22:13, 12 December 2011 (UTC)

Well, that is something you and I differ on. I think the picture is so horrible that it shouldn't be used at all until a free one is available and/or found and uploaded. Lhb1239 (talk) 23:24, 12 December 2011 (UTC)

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Marriage nearly ruined
Welch confessed that her marriage was nearly ruined because of her mental illness...
 * Which of her three marriages does this refer to? Valetude (talk) 15:45, 7 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Denise Welch


text:
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/AntonChigurhs gun/Archive

Suspected sockpuppets

 * User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
 * Editor interaction utility

Continues an edit war started by the probable master, for which they were recently blocked, at Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. Similar commentary at Talk page, describing the page as containing "lies" and "slander" concerning the subject not being considered by academics as at all likely to have written Shakespeare's works (per citations). Also, similarly, fails to sign Talk page edit.  General Ization  Talk   15:25, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

Comments by other users

Does the SPI need to move to name one of the earlier accounts (presumably User:AntonChigurhs gun) as the master?  General Ization  Talk   18:39, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * ✅, and both are technically indistinguishable from User:AntonChigurhs gun and User:ConnorPopper (Anton was blocked earlier for WP:NOTHERE). Courcelles (talk) 18:18, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Yep, ;let's move the case to Anton. Courcelles (talk) 19:16, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Moved case, everyone. Closing. GABgab 22:36, 18 September 2017 (UTC)


text:
1973 Memphis State Tigers football team

The 1973 Memphis State Tigers football team represented Memphis State University (now known as the University of Memphis) as an independent during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. In its second season under head coach Fred Pancoast, the team compiled an 8–3 record and outscored opponents by a total of 264 to 167. The team played its home games at Memphis Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee.

The team's statistical leaders included David Fowler with 759 passing yards, Dornell Harris with 564 rushing yards, Bobby Ward with 744 receiving yards, and Bobby Ward and Cliff Taylor with 42 points scored each.

title: 1973 Memphis State Tigers football team


text:
French/Grammar/Verbs/Past participle

Usage
This is added after an auxiliary verb for all the composed tenses:
 * Indicatif passé composé
 * Indicatif plus-que-parfait
 * Indicatif passé antérieur
 * Indicatif futur antérieur
 * Subjonctif passé
 * Subjonctif plus-que-parfait
 * Conditionnel passé

Formation

 * For a regular -er verb, the past participle is determined by replacing the -er with é.
 * For a regular -ir verb, the past participle is determined by removing the final r.
 * For a regular -re verb, the past participle is determined by replacing the -re with u.
 * Irregular verbs have irregular past participles, as shown by the table.
 * For verbs with the auxiliary verb être, the past participle must agree with the subject. For verbs with the auxiliary avoir, the participle never agree with the subject, but with a possible direct complement, if it is written before the verb. For example, in the sentence elles sont arrivées au café, since the subject is both feminine and plural, the participle arrive has an "e" and an "s" to agree with the subject elles, because it's written before the verb, but in the sentence elle a bu le café, the participle bu does not agree with elle.

The table below shows additions to the normal past participle that must be made based on the gender and number of the subject.

title: French/Grammar/Verbs/Past participle


text:
Using GNOME/File manager

The file manager in GNOME manages your files, folders and hardware. It lets you move them, create them, rename them, copy them and delete them

The default file manager is called Nautilus. There are other file managers available, such as Velocity, GMC (used in older GNOME versions), Konqueror (from KDE) and Midnight Commander (text based file manager), but this book will focus on the default.

Table of contents

 * 1) Changes in 2.6
 * 2) Computer
 * 3) Home Folder
 * 4) Wastebasket
 * 5) Folders and Files
 * 6) Emblems and Backgrounds
 * 7) Preferences
 * 8) Connecting to servers
 * 9) Browse Folder

Back to contents page

title: Using GNOME/File manager


text:
Wikibooks talk:Etiquette

Adaptation and Resurrection
Initial text adapted from en:Wikipedia:Wikiquette. --mav 10:00 2 Aug 2003 (UTC)

...And as such, it is out of date (and not even recommended here as a guideline). I recommend resurrecting this guideline, as I think it is core to working in a cooperative environment like a wiki.

w:Wikipedia:Etiquette is a guideline on Wikipedia, whereas w:Wikipedia:Civility is a policy - I don't exactly know why. My guess is that, in a Wikimedia context, etiquette is about particular instances of niceness or rudeness, whereas civility is about a whole attitude which is based on etiquette, no personal attacks, and so on. Perhaps the distinction is a pragmatic one; we can enforce a policy of civility (ie ban someone if they are generally repeatedly uncivil), but we can suggest a guideline of etiquette. I'm suggesting we do the same here on Wikibooks - enforce a civil environment, but in general, simply suggest getting everyone to cooperate. It's the softest way, but it is strong if needs be (ie if someone is really kicking up a fuss).

This page here is missing a few things, I think. It is generally concerned with refraining from being offensive, and being nice if possible. But fundamentally, as it says right at the top, etiquette is about treating people with respect. There isn't really any explicit mention of this (or certain aspects of this) in the breakdown of what etiquette is. Specifically, I'm referring to things like listening to other people, trying to see where they are coming from, answering questions politely (even answering questions in the first place and not deleting them), and acknowledging and apologising when you're wrong or being unfair. I think these are absolutely basic to working with other people, and I think we need to be clear about this with all participants, especially newcomers.

Sure, i'll "just fix" this policy. But I'd also like to raise its profile in the project in general. What do other people think? Cormaggio 09:57, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I suggest that we abandon this page (unless someone volunteers to completely replace it) and instead add a brief paragraph to WB:WIW, indicating that Wikibooks is not for bad behaviour against users. One wiki does this with "WikiFur is not intended to hurt anyone", WikiFur:What_WikiFur_is_not.

 * I dislike having all these extra pages copied from Wikipedia (where I am not familiar with most of the policies). --Kernigh 20:21, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I strongly disagree with abandoning this page - I have already volunteered to do work on it and I've already started. I can't see how this would be usefully integrated into WB:WIW, without destroying all its meaning - you need to spell it out for some people, and even on the example you give, that part of their policy is a red link, meaning they intend on expanding it there. But we have a perfectly good start, at least, of a policy here. Also, it was originally copied from Wikipedia (back in 2003), but that doesn't make it irrelevant to Wikibooks. Of course, it doesn't automatically make it relevant either, but I think it is very relevant, fundamental even - for the very simple reason that this is a collaborative site and in order to get along here, we need to be nice to each other. Cormaggio 21:47, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * For what it's worth, that policy was intended to apply to the people that WikiFur talked about, as well as its users. <IP_ADDRESS> 17:27, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The reason that I wanted to abandon the page, was because I thought it was a bad way to establish a policy against aggravating users. I now believe that it can work as a non-policy page, if we do not abandon it. Actually, I did some work on Assume good faith earlier, even though that page is also marked as a proposed policy. --Kernigh 21:34, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Policy or guideline?
I really don't see this as policy material. Proposed policies are or should be intended to become enforced eventually. I can just see the future arbitrations: "He wasn't say something nice when he could have", "No I couldn't, there just wasn't anything nice to say." Yikes! It's not that "Say nice things when you can" is a bad idea or that it shouldn't be included or that it should be changed. Rather, it's that much of good etiquette just can't be made sufficiently precise and objective to enshrine into a policy. I suggest making this a guideline. —Preceding unsigned comment added by JMRyan (discuss • contribs) 00:15, 22 March 2006

 * I agree. I think though, we need to make civility a policy (across all projects), and then to specify what that is in "sub" policies or guidelines, like no personal attacks and etiquette. I've also opened this discussion on the foundation-l mailing list. Cormaggio 14:16, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I remove the draft tag from the page, so it is not proposed as a policy. --Kernigh 21:34, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Use of the Idiom, "bury the hatchet"
Is it appropriate to use the phrase, "bury the hatchet" as it's an idiom that may not be used or understood in every region/culture of English speakers? Hillowrym (discuss • contribs) 19:43, 14 November 2014 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:Etiquette


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/outacts.com

Links

 * outacts.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 4 additions.


text:
40 Field Regiment (India)

40 Field Regiment (Asal Uttar), nicknamed the Roaring Forty is part of the Regiment of Artillery of the Indian Army.

Formation
The Regiment was raised at Risalpur (presently in Pakistan) as 8 Indian Field Regiment on 1 February 1943 with the troop nucleus being of South Indian classes. The Batteries were designated as 19, 20 and 21 Field Batteries. The first commanding officer was Lieutenant Colonel WMC Wall and the regiment was then equipped with 25 Pounder guns.

History
The Regiment became the first medium regiment of the Indian Army on 1 October 1944, when it was re-equipped with 5.5" guns. It was later re-designated initially as the 1st Indian Medium Regiment and subsequently as 40 Medium Regiment in order to avoid duplication of numbers in the Regiment of Artillery. One battery was disbanded and the other two batteries were redesignated as 1 Medium Battery and 2 Medium Battery respectively. In 1953, the batteries were also re-numbered as 28 and 29 Medium Batteries. In January 1966, a third battery was raised as 403 Battery.

The regiment was awarded with the prestigious Asal Uttar honour title for its exemplary display in the Battle of Asal Uttar in the 1965 Indo-Pak War. It acquired the status of a medium self propelled unit, when it was equipped with the M-46 Catapult, which had 130 mm guns mounted on a Vijayanta chassis. The regiment has subsequently converted to a field artillery regiment and is now equipped with Indian Field Guns.

The Regiment also had the honour of carrying Mahatma Gandhi's ashes for immersion in the Damodar River in Ramgarh on one of its guns in 1948.

The regiment had the honour to participate in the Republic Day Parade in 1979 with their 130 mm towed guns and in 1987 and 1989 with their Catapults.

Operations
Some of the major operations undertaken by the Regiment include:

 * Hyderabad Police Action (1948): 2nd Medium battery moved to Hyderabad in May 1948 in support of Smash Force / 1 Armoured Division to quell an armed insurrection aimed against the formal union of this princely state with the Union of India. Two guns recovered during the action, are exhibited at the unit's Quarter Guard.

 * Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948: 1 Medium Battery participated in the J & K Operations to counter the armed incursion into the State. The 5.5" guns were dismantled and air-lifted in Dakotas to Kashmir. Exemplary courage and gallantry was displayed by Capt. Dara Dinshaw Mistri in the Naushera Sector on 15 December 1948. He was posthumously awarded the Maha Vir Chakra (MVC) for display of bravery and gallant action. (This was the first MVC in the Regiment of Artillery).

The official citation reads:

 * Indo-Pak War (1965): In September 1965, the Regiment was located in Meerut, when it received the mobilisation orders. The Regiment was part of Operation Riddle in the Khemkaran-Kasur Sector in which Pakistan's 1 Armoured Division advanced towards East of the Icchogil Canal. The Regiment with its 5.5" guns fired over 13,000 rounds at Kasur town, which halted the Pakistani advance for a day. The regiment lost two officers (2nd Lieutenant IK Gupta and 2nd Lieutenant LS Modi) in this operation.

 * Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: The Regiment's batteries were located at three different places when it received its mobilisation orders. One Battery (403 Medium Battery) stuck to their guns in Sikkim which could not be diverted to participate in the Operations. Without the 403 Medium Battery, 28 Medium Battery equipped with 5.5-inch medium guns headed towards Dacca from Agartala RHQ and 29 Medium Battery entered the then East Pakistan (present day Bangladesh) from Bhajanpur.   The 28 Medium Battery of the regiment was one of the first artillery troops to reach Dacca.

 * 1973 Provincial Armed Constabulary revolt: On 22 May 1973, the Regiment was deployed for internal security duties at Varanasi to aid the civil authorities to quell the armed insurrection by the Uttar Pradesh Provincial Armed Constabulary (PAC) at Ramnagar and Chunar. One officer (Major N. N. Jally) and 10 other ranks were killed, but the rebellion was successfully quelled. Four Sena Medals were awarded to the Regiment. 500 PAC personnel surrendered to the Commanding Officer during the operation.

 * Others: The Regiment has participated in -
 * One officer and six other ranks took part in Operation Pawan in Sri Lanka.
 * Counter insurgency operations in Punjab as part of Operation Rakshak I and II in Ludhiana, Rajpura and Faridkot.
 * The unit was part of 33 Artillery Brigade during Operation Parakram (2002).
 * It was part of 3rd Infantry Division in the Siachen conflict in 2006.
 * Operation Rhino - counter terrorist operations in Udalguri district, Assam.
 * Operation Vajr Strike

Awards and citations
The regiment has the following awards and citations -
 * Honour title- Asal Uttar
 * GOC-in-C Northern Command Unit Appreciation

 * Maha Vir Chakra- Captain Dara Dineshaw Mistry
 * Sena Medals-
 * 1) Maj Ramnath
 * 2) Naik A Poulose (posthumous)
 * 3) Lance Naik Sundram
 * 4) Lance Naik S Swamy Dam
 * 5) Gunner Seshathiri
 * 6) Captain Harish Raman
 * Chief of Army Staff Commendation Cards- 6
 * GOC-in-C Commendation Cards- 14

Equipment
The regiment has had the following guns in chronological order -

 * 25 Pounder guns
 * 5.5 Inch Gun - from 1943
 * M-46 130 mm Field Gun - from 1978
 * M-46 Catapult - from 1984
 * Indian Field Gun

Sports
The following personnel from the unit have participated at international and service levels -

International Services
 * 1) Nk Nageshwar Rao- Paragliding
 * 1) Sub Nanjappa- Athletics
 * 2) Hav Jyoti Dev- Athletics
 * 3) Nb Sub PB Thimmaiah- Boxing
 * 4) Nk Sajeev P Basu- Volleyball
 * 5) Hav Y Papa Rao- Athletics

title: 40 Field Regiment (India)


text:
Category:0-12-0T locomotives

Steam tank locomotives of the 0-12-0 wheel arrangement in Whyte notation.

title: Category:0-12-0T locomotives


text:
Talk:Delon Armitage

External links modified
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I have just modified 1 one external link on Delon Armitage. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110727043452/http://www.rfu.com/SquadsAndPlayers/EnglandElite/DelonArmitage.aspx to http://www.rfu.com/SquadsAndPlayers/EnglandElite/DelonArmitage.aspx

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:19, 10 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Delon Armitage


text:
Eggplant run

An eggplant run is a challenge playthrough of the 2012 roguelike-like platform video game Spelunky HD. Such a playthrough centers on carrying an eggplant item to the final boss of the game, King Yama, and tossing it into his face. This eggplant item was originally added to Spelunky as part of an easter egg pitched by the game's composer Eirik Suhrke, and Spelunky's lead designer Derek Yu decided to give it the additional function of turning King Yama into an inert eggplant monster.

Though carrying out a full eggplant run in Spelunky's cooperative mode is fairly manageable, it is significantly harder to do a single-player eggplant run. Such a playthrough was first achieved by Twitch video game live streamer Bananasaurus Rex in November 2013, a month after Spelunky HD's PC release. This run was widely reported upon and described by Polygon as "an important, downright achievement". Derek Yu went on to legitimize one of the exploits necessary to carry out such a solo eggplant run.

Background
Early on during development for Spelunky HD for Xbox 360, Eirik Suhrke was inspired by "Totaka's Song", a hidden music track Nintendo composer Kazumi Totaka inserted in many of the video games he had worked on. Suhrke wanted to hide his own "Eirik's Song" in Spelunky and pitched the idea to Derek Yu. In his book about the game, Yu wrote that the idea of a secret music track "seemed like a no-brainer for a game ... laden with secrets and references", but with other aspects of the game pressing, the idea was put on hold until a short time before the game's official release. Various ideas to access Suhrke's secret music track were considered and the team quickly settled on making the track play when a player places a "mystery box" item on a sacrificial altar dedicated to the goddess Kali. This was considered fairly obscure, as a player would usually open a mystery box immediately in order to reveal what is inside.

Discussing what a player may get in return for sacrificing a mystery box in this way, Yu suggested an eggplant, as this fruit holds a "small but significant place" in video game history, having appeared in games such as Sam & Max Hit the Road, Ice Climber, Wrecking Crew, and Adventure Island. In his book, Yu wrote that he had always had an admiration for the type of absurdity video games can include without criticism, such as how Toru Osawa placed an Eggplant Wizard in the Greek mythological setting of Kid Icarus. Suhrke wanted the discovery of "Eirik's Song" to have no additional purpose, but Yu predicted that players would try to do something with the eggplant and decided to implement a purpose for it. The sprite sheet that carried the graphics for a few larger monsters in game still featured a blank area, and Yu quickly painted a five-frame animation of King Yama's face as a big, blinking eggplant. Yu added a few lines of code and superficially tested the behavior before moving on to other work he still had to do.

The eggplant was first documented in October 2012, three months after Spelunky HD was released on the Xbox Live Arcade, and resulted in a large amount of speculation among the Spelunky community as to what purpose the eggplant may serve. It was not until the game's PC release in August 2013 that players were able to look into the game's data files and discover the sprites of King Yama's eggplant face. Using a cheat engine, YouTuber chaindead brought the eggplant to the final boss and demonstrated what happens when the item collides with King Yama's head. Several weeks later, a full "eggplant run" of Spelunky was completed in the game's cooperative mode. In this mode, mystery boxes are more abundant, and one player can hold on to the eggplant while the other advances through the levels. It was still unknown if an eggplant run would be possible in the game's single-player mode.

Execution
An eggplant run is very difficult to accomplish in a single-player game. In order to get an eggplant in single-player mode, one needs to get a random seed in which a mystery box and one of Kali's sacrificial altars appear in the same level. Subsequently, the player needs to carry the fragile eggplant through each of the game's levels while simultaneously executing a sequence of actions that allows the player character to access the "hell" world of the game, where King Yama can be found. One of these actions is to kill the player character in the third world of the game so he resurrects inside of an otherwise indestructable Moai. However, a player loses whatever item they are holding in their hands while doing this, making it impossible to resurrect oneself with the eggplant. In late September, Spelunky streamers BaerTaffy and bisnap discovered a glitch that allows a player to destroy the blocks of which the Moai consists. To do this, the player needs a ball and chain, an item forced upon the player as a punishment after two of Kali's altars are destroyed in a run. The ball and chain is heavy and slows the player's movement considerably, but its weight allows it to smash through blocks that it falls on from a height, including, via an oversight, the normally indestructible Moai blocks. By exploiting this glitch, a player can take any item through the Moai, including the eggplant.

In order to reach Yama, a player needs to carry a sceptre from level 4–1 to level 4–2. As it is impossible to carry two items simultaneously, a player needs to bring a non-player character to these levels in order to carry the sceptre for them. However, such AI-controlled characters are difficult to manipulate and are prone to accidentally kill themselves in the game's hazardous levels, adding to the difficulty of solo eggplant runs.

On November 10, 2013, Spelunky speedrunner and live streamer Bananasaurus Rex executed the first known successful solo eggplant run. This playthrough took him 76 minutes and 41 seconds of in-game time to complete and he did so with only one health point remaining. As of 2020, Spelunky speedrun aggregator MossRanking has listed videos of successful solo eggplant runs by over 60 players, some of which impose combinations of additional restrictions (such as Maximum, No Gold, Pacifist, and Low%).

Legacy
Graham Smith of Rock, Paper, Shotgun reported on Bananasaurus Rex's solo eggplant run, appreciating the existence of "video game myths" and the positive effect they have on video game communities. Smith stated that "the eggplant video feels like a full stop on something," and said that he "can't help but feel a little bit melancholic about that." Eurogamer described the solo eggplant run as a "remarkable goal" and a "colossal feat", saying that watching Rex's "increasingly stressed mental state" resulted in a harrowing viewing experience. PC Gamer described this run as "an hour and 22 minutes of near misses, improbable saves, unbearable tension".

Douglas Wilson, writing for Polygon, described the first successful solo eggplant run as "an important, downright achievement," calling it "2013's most fascinating video game moment". According to Wilson, the first solo eggplant run was an example of how video game live streaming was changing video game culture, as Bananasaurus Rex's run was "indebted" to the live streaming community that gave players such as BaerTaffy and Rex "a reason to keep exploring, and an audience to play ." Wilson further emphasized the value of secrets in video games, quoting BaerTaffy saying that "the group of us rallying around this one big secret ending is one of the best things that can happen for a gaming community." Lastly, Wilson suggested that the Spelunky community "[beat] Derek Yu and [programmer] Andy Hull at their own game", subverting the designer's intentions by completing a run that was not intended to be possible.

In an interview with GiantBomb in 2014, Derek Yu confirmed that the Moai being breakable by the ball and chain was indeed a glitch. Yu said that "it just so happened that the way we designed it, it was still possible to break it in this one way we didn't think of, ... but once people did break it and they're doing these really cool things with it ... then I think we're happy to just leave it in or tweak it a little bit to make it seem more official after the fact." The team legitimized this exploit by changing the Moai sprite so it actually looks broken when it is destroyed.

title: Eggplant run


text:
1975 Memphis State Tigers football team

The 1975 Memphis State Tigers football team represented Memphis State University (now known as the University of Memphis) as an independent during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. In its first season under head coach Richard Williamson, the team compiled an 7–4 record and outscored opponents by a total of 180 to 168. The team played its home games at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee.

The team's statistical leaders included Lloyd Patterson with 371 passing yards, Terdell Middleton with 586 rushing yards and 42 points scored, and Ricky Rivas with 224 receiving yards.

title: 1975 Memphis State Tigers football team


text:
morsus

Etymology 1
Perfect passive participle of.

Participle

 * 1) bitten, eaten, devoured, consumed, having been bitten
 * 2)  stung, pained, hurt, bitten, having been stung

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) a bite, sting
 * 2)  pain, vexation, bite, sting
 * 3)  sharpness of flavor, sharp taste, pungency
 * 4)  jaw, tooth, fang, fluke (of an anchor)
 * 1)  jaw, tooth, fang, fluke (of an anchor)

title: morsus


text:
Richard Dooling

Richard Patrick Dooling (born 1954) is an American novelist and screenwriter. He is best known for his novel White Man's Grave, a finalist for the 1994 National Book Award for Fiction, and for co-producing and co-writing the 2004 ABC miniseries Stephen King's Kingdom Hospital.

Dooling's first novel, Critical Care (1992), was made into a 1997 movie of the same title, directed by Sidney Lumet and starring James Spader and Kyra Sedgwick. His next three novels—White Man's Grave (1994), Brain Storm (1998), and Bet Your Life (2002)—were all New York Times Notable Books. In conjunction with Kingdom Hospital, he also wrote The Journals of Eleanor Druse (2004), writing as Eleanor Druse, a character in the miniseries. Dooling's short story "Bush Pigs" was read as part of Selected Shorts, a program produced by Symphony Space in New York and aired on NPR. The performance was later included on the CD Getting There from Here, a compilation of listeners' favorites from the program.

His nonfiction book Blue Streak: Swearing, Free Speech, and Sexual Harassment (1996) is an examination of the social and legal implications of profane speech. In Rapture for the Geeks: When AI Outsmarts IQ (2008) he explores the implications of machine intelligence overtaking human intelligence. He has also written op-ed pieces for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and The National Law Journal.

Dooling was born in Omaha, Nebraska, and is a graduate of Saint Louis University (1976) and Saint Louis University School of Law (1987). He has been a practicing attorney and developer of web-based legal tools for the St. Louis firm Bryan Cave. For several years, Dooling was a professor and lecturer at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln College of Law.

Works

 * Novels
 * Critical Care (1992)
 * White Man's Grave (1994)
 * Brain Storm (1998)
 * Bet Your Life (2002)
 * The Journals of Eleanor Druse (writing as Eleanor Druse) (2004)
 * Nonfiction
 * Blue Streak: Swearing, Free Speech, and Sexual Harassment (1996)
 * Rapture for the Geeks: When AI Outsmarts IQ (2008)
 * As contributor or editor
 * Rendezvous in Black by Cornell Woolrich. Modern Library 20th Century Rediscoveries, 2004 [1948]. (Introduction)
 * Who Can Save Us Now?: Brand-New Superheroes and Their Amazing (Short) Stories (2008) (Roe #5)

title: Richard Dooling


text:
User:Noli

Ahhh ... after i tried so many times, hopefully i get how to write stuff on my page!!! Thanks again Rosa ... poor thing she is suffering because of me LOL! Well, I am an IL DIVO FAN indeed, including Josh Groban, Michael Buble, Ten Tenors and Russel Watson ... as you can see, i am already into classical-pop :D

title: User:Noli


text:
Template:Unicode

 * This template belongs to Meta/Wikipedia's Category:MSIE font fix templates, a collection of fixes for browsers (mainly Microsoft's) which are not fully HTML compliant.

It is used in'space' (or 'indent').

title: Template:Unicode


text:
Authoring Webpages

Foreword
The World Wide Web (often simply called "the Web") is a means of communication using inter-linked pages of text called "web pages". A coherent group of such pages is called a "website". This short course will attempt to provide a hands-on approach to teach you how to make high-quality web pages. After a short introduction, you will be thrown in at the deep end and start making web pages yourself.

Table of contents

 * 1) /Requirements/
 * 2) Introduction: the World Wide Web
 * 3) /Creating a simple page/
 * 4) /How to write for the web/
 * 5) /Adapting a webpage for visual browsers/
 * 6) /HTML, XHTML and DOCTYPEs/
 * 7) Collecting pages in a website
 * 8) /Promote your website/
 * 9) /Scalable websites/ (Advanced topic)
 * 10) /Avoiding pitfalls/
 * 11) /Preventing link rot/
 * 12) /Conclusion/
 * 13) /Answers/

Rationale
Many textbooks approach the creation of webpages and websites as a computing task. Many others approach it as a graphical design challenge. Both approaches are rooted in treating the web as if it were a computational or graphical medium. Rooting the web in a understandable metaphor may be comforting, it is also misleading.

The web is a new medium, that requires a completely new approach to building parts of it. Although students will often pick up some of the right concepts while studying the 'programming' and 'designing' books, it is often better to start with the right concepts, and deal with the computational and graphical aspects of the web later.

What this textbook therefore tries to accomplish, is providing the student with a strong basis for learning more about building webpages. This book will try and do this in a practical, hands-on way. Almost from the get-go, students will start authoring their own webpages.

For teachers

 * Teacher's Guide

For further reading

 * Starting A Website
 * Web_design
 * Web Development
 * HyperText Markup Language
 * Web Design References - A huge mega-reference (nearly 3,000 links) of information and articles about web design and development. It is dedicated to disseminating news and information about web design and development with emphasis on elements of the user experience, accessibility, web standards, CSS, JavaScript and much more.
 * Web Design Update - broken link - A a plain text email digest newsletter. It typically goes out once a week.  All web designers and developers are invited to join.
 * - Books -List includes Accessibility, Color, CSS, Dreamweaver, Information Architecture, Evaluation, JavaScript, Navigation, PHP, Project Management, Typography, Usability, Web Standards, Writing, (X)HTML.
 * Webpage design flaws: Mistakes to avoid by Bill Beaty

title: Authoring Webpages


text:
Talk:Scott Stapp Controversies

This article mostly duplicates information in the main Wikipedia entry on Scott Stapp. This version should either be incorporated completely into his main biography, or the duplicate information removed from there and just linked to this article.Nathanm mn 02:43, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

WTF?
The name of this article is misspelled. I vote for deletion. <IP_ADDRESS> 16:41, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

me too. It has no place in an Encyclopedia.Roadhockey 04:04, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Scott Stapp Controversies


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jolly Hits

The result was delete. Malcolmxl5 (talk) 22:07, 9 October 2017 (UTC)

Jolly Hits

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Non-notable film company fails WP:COMPANY lacks CORPDEPTH.  FITINDIA  09:45, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Film-related deletion discussions.  M assiveYR   ♠  10:34, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Companies-related deletion discussions.  M assiveYR   ♠  10:34, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of India-related deletion discussions.  M assiveYR   ♠  10:34, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of United States of America-related deletion discussions. ʍaɦʋɛօtʍ (talk) 10:35, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Delete per nomination, with no significant coverage online from WP:RS. Mr. MacTidy (talk) 09:57, 26 September 2017 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks,  MBisanz  talk 02:26, 27 September 2017 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Delete No indications of notability, fails GNG. References fail WP:CORPDEPTH and/or WP:ORGIND and fail the criteria for establishing notability. -- HighKing ++ 13:08, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Optakeover (U)(T)(C) 04:51, 4 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete Agree, failure of WP:ORGDEPTH and WP:ORGIND make this nothing more than unencyclopaedic, recycled-PR puffery. — fortuna  velut luna  12:27, 4 October 2017 (UTC)


text:
Larry Crouse

Larry W. Crouse (born September 12, 1944) is an American politician of the Republican Party. He was a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 4th legislative district.

Personal life
Crouse's wife is Peggy Crouse. They have two children. Crouse and his family live in Spokane, Washington.

title: Larry Crouse


text:
User:Yachi05

Y Cakes & Flowers is a sole proprietorship of Yachika Verma, owner of ydesignservices.com a web designing firm. Yachika a.k.a ‘Yachi’ is based out of South Delhi, India. After successfully establishing a strong foothold in the web designing industry worldwide, this is her second venture as a young entrepreneur into the field of Social expression, where she aims to connect the world with warmth, love and care.

title: User:Yachi05


text:
University of Kamina

The University of Kamina (UNIKAM) is a public university in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, located in the province of Katanga, city of Kamina. At its creation, it was an Extension of the University of Lubumbashi, then called University Centre of Kamina (C.U.K.). Instruction is in French.

History
The University was created 1 October 2004 as Kamina Center University(C.U.C.K.), extension of the University of Lubumbashi, and became autonomous in 2010 following Ministerial order No. 157/MINESU/CABMIN/EBK/PK/2010 27 September 2010.

title: University of Kamina


text:
File:Chi-rho.gif

Summary
The Chi-Rho & Alpha-Omega symbol was used by the Early Christians as far back as the Apostles. It represents the Greek letters X (Chi), P (Rho), A (Alpha) and W (Omega). Chi and Rho are the first two Greek letters of the name Christ and Alpha and Omega refer to the Book of Revelation 22:13 - "I am Alpha and Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End." The image was drawn by Rev. Dr. Brian Mackenzie-Hanson for the Arian Catholic Website: http://www.holy-catholic.org, see Arian Catholic.

title: File:Chi-rho.gif