text:
Donaciano Vigil

Donaciano Vigil (1802-1877) was an American politician who served as the second governor of the New Mexico Territory. Born a subject of the Spanish Crown in Santa Fe to Nuevomexicanos parents, he served in the militias during Mexican rule in New Mexico. After the United States annexed New Mexico following the Mexican–American War, Vigil helped smooth the transition to American governance.

Early years (1802-1846)
Donaciano Vigil was born in 1802 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was educated by his father. When fully grown, Vigil was perhaps 6'2" tall, and very strong. He enlisted in the Santa Fe militia in 1823 as a private. During his twenty-five years of service, he participated in many campaigns against the Native Americans, helped suppress the revolt of 1837 against Governor Albino Pérez, and in 1841 fought against the Texan Santa Fe Expedition, a group of soldiers and traders from the Republic of Texas pushing through New Mexico towards Santa Fe. Vigil advanced through the ranks, becoming a captain and Company Commander of the San Miguel del Bado militia.

Vigil was intelligent, educated and fluent in English as well as Spanish. He twice served as a member of the Department Assembly, from 1838 to 1840 and again from 1843 to 1845. He also served as secretary to Governor Manuel Armijo. For a year from February 1844, he published a newspaper, La Verdad [The Truth]. He was involved in the Santa Fe trade with the United States, and came to know many Americans. In 1846 Vigil and his company mobilized to resist the United States army that invaded New Mexico under General Stephen W. Kearny, taking a position in Apache Canyon to prevent the U.S. troops from reaching the capital. However, Governor Manuel Armijo ordered the troops to disband rather than fight, and Vigil obeyed under protest. Kearny was able to occupy Santa Fe and New Mexico without resistance.

Post-war leader (1846-1851)
Kearny wanted capable local leaders to assist in government, thereby smoothing the transition to United States rule. He offered Vigil the position of Secretary of the Territorial Civil Government under Governor Charles Bent. Vigil previously held the position of Territorial Secretary under Governor Armijo. By accepting this offer, Vigil threw in his lot with the United States. He apparently considered the more progressive government of the U.S. to be preferable to the ineffective and corrupt government based in Mexico City, which he criticized in his 1846 book Arms, Indians and Mismanagement of New Mexico.

In secret meetings led by Don Diego Archuleta at a home near the military church, La Castrenza, in Santa Fe, Mexican loyalists elected Tomas Ortiz governor with Archuleta as commanding general. A rebellion was planned to take place in the city on December 19, 1846, and later postponed to Christmas Eve. Mexican loyalist emissaries were sent out to all nearest points demanding that the people take part in the uprising in Santa Fe upon the third bell for midnight mass (Misa del Gallo), when all of the American officers would be captured. This plan fell through, however, after it became known to Donaciano Vigil, by way of the proprietress of the city's largest gambling house, Tules Barcelona. Vigil informed General Sterling Price, of the Second Missouri Mounted Volunteers, who had a number of conspirators arrested. With the information obtained, General Price was able to station soldiers at the homes of every known revolutionist. However, Tomas Ortiz escaped in the garb of a servant girl and fled to Chihuahua.

The new governor, Charles Bent, was a prosperous fur trader who hailed from Virginia. By 1835, Bent settled in Taos and married a local woman, María Ignacia Jaramillo. On 19 January 1847, Bent was murdered by a group of Hispanic and Taos Pueblo rebels at the beginning of the Taos Revolt.

Afterwards, General Price asked Vigil to serve as Acting Governor. Vigil accepted the position, calling on the people to be calm. He said, "... whether this country has to belong to the government of the United States or return to its native Mexico, is it not a gross absurdity to foment rancorous feelings toward people with whom we are either to compose one family or to continue our commercial relations? Unquestionably it is ..." Vigil's proclamation ended, "The term of my administration is purely transitory. Neither my qualifications nor the ad interim character, according to the organic law in which I take the reins of government, encourage me to continue in so difficult and thorny a post, the duties of which are intended for individuals of greater enterprise and talents; but I protest to you, in the utmost fervor of my heart that I will devote myself exclusively to endeavouring to secure you all the prosperity so much desired by your fellow-citizen and friend. Donaciano Vigil. January 22, 1847." As Acting Governor, Vigil called for the establishment of a public school system open to the poor as well as the rich. Later in 1847, he called for the first Territorial legislature to be convened. Vigil was appointed Governor in December 1847. He supported the territorial legislature's resolution calling for the creation of a public university. In 1848, he endorsed the legislature's request for a territorial convention to determine the formal status of New Mexico. That is, as either a state or a territory of the United States. On 10 October 1848, Colonel John M. Washington arrived in Santa Fe at the head of four dragoon companies. The next day Washington took charge as both civil and military governor. Vigil reverted to his former position as Territorial Secretary. He held that post until March 1851 when the new constitution took effect and the government of New Mexico was reorganized.

In April 1849 Father Ramón Ortiz y Miera arrived in New Mexico from Chihuahua, Mexico as commissioner in charge of assisting Mexicans who wished to resettle in Chihuahua. He was welcomed by Governor Washington and Secretary Vigil who both thought he was unlikely to succeed. So, they even offered to supply transport to Mexicans seeking repatriation. Their moods changed quickly when the people of San Miguel del Vado, alone, submitted 900 requests for repatriation assistance. Vigil said that Ortíz could not conduct recruitment in person since his presence would disturb the peace. Father Ortiz then appointed agents to recruit New Mexico families for repatriation and was still met with considerable success. In response, Vigil cracked down further on recruitment efforts. The United States position was that the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo did not cover repatriation. As such, Ortíz's activity was therefore illegal.

Landowner (1851-1877)
Donaciano Vigil had been involved in land purchases for some time. He moved to Pecos in 1854, where he became a major landowner, founding East Pecos. In 1830 the Pueblo Indians of the area had sold part of their lands to Juan Estavan Pino, and Vigil obtained the part of Pino's purchase that lay to the east of the Pecos River. His first purchase of land in the Pecos Pueblo tract was made on 26 December 1854, for a price of $1,500, and further purchases followed over the years. He built houses and storage rooms, and an irrigation ditch to power his grain mill. Vigil continued to be active in public affairs, serving in the territorial legislature several times up to the end of the American Civil War. He was a school commissioner in San Miguel County from 1871–1872. A strong old man, at the age of 74 he was still capable of riding a horse from Pecos to Santa Fe, a distance of 25 mi. He died in 1877, leaving a will that divided his land among his numerous sons.

title: Donaciano Vigil


text:
Template:Attached KML/Minnesota State Highway 222

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source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
User:DDOE13/sandbox

Scientist's full name here (born YEAR if info is available, also YEAR of death if applicable) is a scientist known for .... (write a sentence that indicates the scientist's area of research and key contributions). He/she holds the position of (indicate title and institutional affiliation; if deceased or retired, indicate former affiliation).

Write about any major awards or prizes. What were the awards and prizes for?

Mention books (cite using ISBN; look for book reviews and cite them to establish notability).

Biography
Write about the scientist's early life if you can track down information.

Write about the scientist's educational background. Refer to the scientist by his/her last name. For example, Last Name received her B.A./B.S. degree (what degree did she earn?) in area of study at [Insert Name of University]. He/she attended graduate school at [Insert Name of University] where he/she obtained her masters/Ph.D in [Insert Area of Study]. She worked under the supervision of [Insert Name of Mentor] at [Insert University]. Briefly describe the research conducted as a graduate student (you can mention a notable publication).

Write about the scientist's career, leading up to their current position (mention any post-doctoral work at [Insert University]; mention key research collaborators and topics of research). Indicate the agencies that have supported the scientist's work.

Outside of scholarly work, what else did the scientist accomplish?

Research
Write one of two sentences that describe the major topic of the scientist's research program. What impact has the work had on society?

Elaborate on the field of study and the scientist's research contributions. Briefly describe high impact studies (cite using DOI) and why these studies were important. What are some of the key findings?

Representative Publications
List representative publications in APA format. You can retrieve the correct citation format from Google Scholar.

title: User:DDOE13/sandbox


text:
Anthimus, Metropolitan of Belgrade

Anthimus (Άνθιμος, Антим / Antim) was Eastern Orthodox Metropolitan of Belgrade from 1827 until 1831.

Biography
Anthimus was born on the island of Andros around 1780. He was ordained a bishop in Constantinople. He was the bishop of Vratsa from 1804 to 1813, and then from 1813 to 1827 the bishop of Lovech, both within the Trnovo metropolitanate in Bulgaria, which was under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. There he was the bishop of Lovech, and he was called Anthimus II, because he inherited the seat of the bishop of the same name.

In the period from 1827 to 1831, Anthimus was the Metropolitan of Belgrade. He succeeded Metropolitan Cyril, who died the same year. Anthimus came to Serbia in August 1827. He was also the last Phanariot Greek to head the Metropolitanate of Belgrade, as the Sultan's Hatt-i humayun gave Serbs the right to "freedom of religion so that they could elect their own Serbian metropolitan instead of the Greek Phanariot." He anointed Prince Miloš Obrenović as the new Serbian ruler in December 1830 in the Orthodox Cathedral in Belgrade.

He was the head of the Belgrade metropolitanate until the election of Melentije Pavlović in 1831, who became the first Serb to head the renewed Metropolitanate of Belgrade. Then, Anthimus voluntarily withdrew from his diocese. He left Belgrade on 21 October 1831.

He first settled in Constantinople, and then in Athens, where he died.

title: Anthimus, Metropolitan of Belgrade


text:
Wikipedia:POTD column/April 11, 2006

Geisha ("person of the arts") are traditional Japanese artist-entertainers. Geisha were very common in the 18th and 19th centuries, and are still in existence today, although their numbers are dwindling. Geisha take lessons in several arts forms for most of their lives, not for just entertaining customers but for a lifetime of learning.

Photo credit: ToddLara Archive - Nominate new image

title: Wikipedia:POTD column/April 11, 2006


text:
Dar os Salam

Dar os Salam (, also Romanized as Dār os Salām) is a village in Fazl Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 110, in 41 families.

title: Dar os Salam


text:
Template:Using GNOME

Using GNOME/Coverage | What is GNOME? | Terminology Used | Logging in | Main Desktop | Applications | Accessibility | Tips and Tricks | Power Users | Using GNOME/Further reading

title: Template:Using GNOME


text:
kenkiä

Etymology 1
From. Equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1)  to shoe, put on shoes
 * 2)  to kick
 * 3)  to kick (out), to fire
 * 1)  to kick (out), to fire
 * 1)  to kick (out), to fire

title: kenkiä


text:
Cookbook talk:Le Tourin (Garlic Soup)

Edit history
* (cur) (last). . M 00:02, 29 Oct 2002. . Olivier * (cur) (last). . 13:47, 27 Sep 2002. . Maveric149 (Wikified) * (cur) (last). . 13:46, 27 Sep 2002. . Maveric149 (moving attrib to the top of talk) * (cur) (last). . 13:37, 27 Sep 2002. . Quintessent

 * Well, geez, how about telling us how much water to add? A cup?  4 cups?  A tablespoon?  A "lot"?  A "little"?  That seems like a pretty vital ingredient to leave out of the measurements!<IP_ADDRESS> 17:10, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

VfD discussion
This is a worthless recipe taken from a very unreliable source, apparently almost word for word from a Net source. The quantities are approximations added by various readers and there is no quantity for the water, the most important ingredient. I have just consulted my magisterial 1960 edition of the Larousse Gastronomique and there is no mention of this soup amongst its hundreds of soup recipes. It is similar to various old onion soup and garlic soup recipes, but without further info about the ingredients it should be deleted. A web search turns up a real recipe for this soup that sounds excellent, but from a restaurant in Canada. Here is the link to that recipe.

http://www.gumbopages.com/food/french/garlic-soup.html

Go there, then compare that version with this weird entry here -- which almost certainly was inserted by someone out of vanity or for testing the system.<IP_ADDRESS> 01:19, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I keep forgetting that I have to log in a second time if I go to Wikibooks from WP -- it's a dumb system....Hayford Peirce 01:27, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I have to disagree, I don't think this is a speedy delete candidate. I'd like to remind our users that any module on a wiki can be edited, so if you dislike a particular incarnation of a recipe, and has find another, feel free to change the page.  Recipes are not covered by copyright; but be carefull, as any descriptive text (rather than lists of ingredients and procedural steps) is covered by copyright protection. Gentgeen 09:40, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC) (ps: I linked to the module in question and removed descriptive narative of the location)

 * Well, I could always try to fiddle the recipe to what seem to be appropriate ingredients, but I find it strange that someone would dump this useless recipe here in the first place. And it has almost *no* history in French culinary arts that I can find.   It's really just a garlic soup recipe.  Or a quick onion soup.  Anyway, let's wait and see if there are any other comments on the situation.Hayford Peirce 18:56, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

10-12 cloves of garlic
I changed mention of 12 cloves of garlic to 10-12 cloves of garlic. The reason I have done so is as follow. Initially, this recipe had no mention of quantities. Later, Gentgeen added them as a guess as 10 cloves. Eadmund came along and changed the quantity of garlic from 10 to 12. He/she didn't explain why the change was made. While it's possible he/she tested the recipe and found 12 was best, this seems unlikely.

The edit which changed 10 to 12 cloves was part of a series of edits to refine recipes to a style that Eadmund prefers. Some of these were useful such as fixing spelling mistakes and changing dividers like 1/2 to the integral form, some of these were okay such as changing Tablespoon to Tbsp. but quite a number of these were disruptive, removing any metric measurements (and replacing them with imperial when the recipe did not already include imperial), removing the Fahrenheit F from degrees etc. Nearly all of these have now been reverted, one of the last was in the Pavlova recipe which I carried out and which was how I came across Eadmund's edits.

Given this history, we can expect that far more likely, Eadmund has never tried this recipe and only changed the 10 cloves to 12 cloves because he/she somehow felt that 12 cloves was more imperial then 10 cloves which I guess he/she felt was too metric... I don't know but I'm guessing Eadmund is a conservative Brit. If the original author of this recipe has specified 10 cloves, I would have completely removed the 12 cloves but since it was a guess, I decided to leave Eadmund's recommendation even though the reason most likely has nothing to do with any actual experience, simply a preference for the number 12 to 10... Nil Einne 13:24, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

results
I gave this a shot, and it turned out a bland. I found that by replacing some of the water with chicken stock, and adding more salt, it was more palatable. But it wasn't very garlicy, and it really didn't have much flavor. The texture and appearance was good, however. I probably over-cooked the garlic.

title: Cookbook talk:Le Tourin (Garlic Soup)


text:
Talk:mike

RFV discussion
Can you mike someone? I was pretty sure this is only mic/miked/miking (decidedly irregular, but not workable as a regular construction.) Also, the noun seems implausible...it is spelled mic to avoid confusion with the male given name Mike. --Connel MacKenzie 16:44, 14 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I've seen it used that way. I'll look for citations, but I think the fact that someone can be miked suggests that you can mike someone more than that you can mic someone. Cheers! bd2412 T 17:00, 14 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Um, right, that is the back-formation (from the abbreviation of microphone) that I'm questioning. --Connel MacKenzie 16:36, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

 * By my understanding, the original noun spelling was mike (as in e.g. "open mike night"); but switchboards used the abbreviation "MIC", which eventually spread into the populace at large (resulting in e.g. "open mic night"). I've certainly seen both, and use mike myself. —RuakhTALK 17:52, 14 July 2007 (UTC)
 * That's weird - "mike" is not the abbreviation for "microphone." --Connel MacKenzie 16:33, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You seem to have accidentally omitted the word "only" from your comment; "mike" is not the only abbreviation for "microphone." ;-) —RuakhTALK 06:39, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Now cited. —RuakhTALK 18:36, 14 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Um, thanks. --Connel MacKenzie 16:36, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

 * In telly we normally use the form mike up. Widsith 16:53, 17 July 2007 (UTC)

RFV passed. —Ruakh TALK 16:46, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Mic is non-grammatically standard with its long "i" lacking the normal "ike" construction (it reads "mick" to the uninitiated). Also precedent suggests "mike" as by far the more common type of construction in this case (both for the male name "Michael" as well as similar abbreviations (Nuke, coke, cuke, bike.) with no corresponding example for a "mic" like construction. And "mic" does not conjugate well (mic'ing, miccing).  Also "mike" goes back to 1927 whereas "mic" is first seen in 1961 and until recently (10-20 years) was the rarer form.  (Mike is still preferred in most style books.)  So, yes, "mike" is a very acceptible abbreviation and you can most definitely "mike" someone.

title: Talk:mike


text:
User:TRANSASIA

Hello everyone,

I will work on motivational authors, speakers and novelists from India and few Indian states. I am quite new so just want to be with senior experienced WP editors and learn from them. Wikipedia is an amazing gift to all of us by its founders and active contributors. My principles are

I would not become a part of any conflict, any edit war or vandalism. I would work on less number of articles but will do a deep research. I would be constructive and helpful to all. I would try my level best to be humble and polite. I would express my view points boldly.

As i am a new editor, i expect others to encourage me, support me and remind me of my errors in a positive way. If you have anything special for me, pls let me know.

Cheers always TRANSASIA (talk) 16:26, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

title: User:TRANSASIA


text:
Template:PlansWikiU

Our Current Plans
Here is what will be covered in the first few lessons of this course.

Step 1. $$\Rightarrow$$ The Script Formatting · (Click here to start this lesson.)
Every motion picture starts with a story. Even though our story is very short, we still have to cut it down to the bare bones for our movie script. And as we do this, we must type the script into a standard format which all people in Hollywood will feel comfortable with.

Step 2. $$\Rightarrow$$ The Storyboard · (Click here to start this lesson.)
Once the script is ready, we immediately make the movie... on paper. The rough storyboard, which is done with stick-figures in tiny frames no bigger than your thumb, is all of the visual elements of the movie. But this still does not give us the timing for the movie. To do that, we need to make a movie of the storyboard (called an animatic). But that cannot be done until we have the rough music and the recorded dialog for our movie.

Step 3. $$\Rightarrow$$ The Rough Music / Temp Score · unfinished
Our movie will have background music and narrative music. The narrative music will be just like another actor in our movie. Therefore, we need to leave room for the narrative music when we create our animatic. That is why we begin our film scoring early. (In the meantime, (to learn the basics of creating music sound effects, click here.)===

Step 4. $$\Rightarrow$$ The Dialog of the Characters · unfinished
When we create the animatic (movie of the storyboards), we need the storyboards, the narrative music, and the recorded dialog (voices of the actors). Normally, this can be very rough but we will use this same dialog for the animated movie.

Step 5. $$\Rightarrow$$ Edit the Animatic · unfinished
Once we have the storyboards, the recorded dialog, and the music, we will use an editing program (such as Final Cut Pro) to create the animatic (the movie of the storyboards.) Only then will we know if this movie will be a success.

§

title: Template:PlansWikiU


text:
стража

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) guard, watch

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) guard

Etymology 1
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1) guard, watch

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) guard, watch (activity; persons)

title: стража


text:
Isleria

Isleria is a genus of insectivorous birds in the antbird family, Thamnophilidae.

Species
The genus contains two species:

These species were formerly placed in the genus Myrmotherula. A molecular genetic study published in 2012 found that Myrmotherula was not monophyletic. As a step in creating monophyletic genera, these two species were moved to the newly erected genus Isleria. The name of the genus was chosen to honour the American ornithologists Morton and Phyllis Isler.

title: Isleria


text:
User:Tauthorwriting/sandbox

The National Symbols Of Belize

Tauthorwriting

The Pleasure of The Text
"Is pleasure only a minor bliss?"

title: User:Tauthorwriting/sandbox


text:
еден

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, etc.

Noun

 * 1) floor

Etymology
, ultimately from.

Numeral

 * 1) one
 * 2)  a, one, some

Usage notes
When counting out loud, colloquially, this word is often simplified to "".

Adjective

 * 1) same, equal, alike
 * 2) sole, only, alone
 * 1) sole, only, alone

title: еден


text:
Portuguese/Contents/Present tense regular verbs

<< Portuguese:Regular verbs

Regular verbs have a invariable radical (fal ar - to speak) and are easy to memorize. Each conjugation follows a different, but a regular pattern.

-ar present tense regular verbs
All regular verbs ending in -ar are conjugated the same way. The conjugation is dependent on the subject that the verb is in reference to. Here is an example conjugation for the verb falar:

-ir present tense regular verbs
Regular tense verbs ending in -ir are handled very similarly to -er verbs. The only difference is the conjugation for nós and vós. Here is an example conjugation for the verb partir (to leave):


text:
Introduction to psychology/Key words for chapter three

This is a list of jargon for psychology. There is a short statement about what the term is and possibly a link to wipedia or wiktionary.

Action Potential

 * A signal passing through a neuron is considered an action potential.

Afferent

 * In the nervous system, afferent neurons--otherwise known as sensory or receptor neurons--carry nerve impulses from receptors or sense organs toward the central nervous system.

All-or-none principle

 * Theory that once a signal is started that it will always travel the length of a neuron at a fixed intensity, not getting stronger or weaker.

Amygdala

 * The part of the limbic with a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions.

Autonomic nervous system

 * The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the function of many glands and smooth-muscle organs.
 * It is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

Axon

 * The single long fiber extending from the cell body of a neuron; carries the signal to the synapse

Saltatory conduction
cell body aka Soma

Central nervous system (CNS)

 * The brain and the spinal cord.

Cerebellum

 * Region of the brain that plays an important role in the integration of sensory perception and motor output.

Cerebrum

 * The cerebrum deals with language and communication, movement, olfaction (smelling), memory formation, and emotion.

Computed tomography

 * A medical imaging method employing tomography where digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the internals of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.
 * Helps reveal structural abnormalities.

Corpus callosum

 * The corpus callosum connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
 * Most (but certainly not all) communication between regions in different halves of the brain are carried over the corpus callosum.

Cortex

 * The outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres; controls complex cognitive processes.

Cortical lobes

 * Four arbitirarily deignated divisions of the cortex.

Dendrite

 * The recieving portion of a neuron

Depolarization

 * A process that the nueron goes through after the passage of an action potential.
 * Depolarization is when a cell is moving farther away from 0mV while hyperpolarization is when the cell is moving closer to 0mV.

Efferent

 * In the nervous system, efferent nerves – otherwise known as motor or effector neurons – carry nerve impulses away from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles or glands.

Neurotransmitter

 * Neurotransmitters are used to relay, amplify and modulate electrical signals between a neuron and another cell.
 * Amino acids are an example of a neurotransmitter.

Neuron

 * The basic unit of the nervous system. It is composed of a soma, dendrite, and axon.

Nodes of Ranvier

 * Nodes of Ranvier are regularly spaced gaps in the myelin sheath around an axon or nerve fiber.

Organelle

 * An organelle is a discrete structure of a cell having specialized functions.

Refractory phase

 * After the action potential the refractory phase marks a period where the neuron is less excitable.

Synapse

 * Synapses, or chemical synapses, are specialized junctions through which cells of the nervous system signal to one another and to non-neuronal cells such as muscles or glands.

Synaptic vesicle
In a neuron, synaptic vesicles, also called neurotransmitter vesicles, store the various neurotransmitters that are released during calcium-regulated exocytosis at the presynaptic terminal into the synaptic cleft of a synapse.


text:
Talk:Melbourne City School

External links modified (January 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 11 external links on Melbourne City School. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120807121606/http://www.elthamcollege.vic.edu.au/www/The%20Year%209%20Experience.php to http://www.elthamcollege.vic.edu.au/www/The%20Year%209%20Experience.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120808152727/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/about-us.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/about-us.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120801001437/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/curriculum.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/curriculum.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120801001013/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/mcs-the-right-fit.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/mcs-the-right-fit.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120326050659/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/news-active-conservationists.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/news-active-conservationists.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120801002927/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/curriculum-prep-year-6.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/curriculum-prep-year-6.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120801002612/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/faqs.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/faqs.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120408021418/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/news-moomba-allstars.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/news-moomba-allstars.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120808152747/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/facilities.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/facilities.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120408021410/http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/news-try-athlon-success.html to http://www.melbournecityschool.vic.edu.au/news-try-athlon-success.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120622192642/http://www.mcs.vic.edu.au/ to http://www.mcs.vic.edu.au/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:30, 25 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Melbourne City School


text:
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Entertainment/2019 September 13

= September 13 =

How common are no recording policies during concerts/panels/public events outside of Japan?
In Japan as well as concerts by Japanese artists in foreign countries, it's common if not the norm to forbid the use of cameras and other recording devices. This tends to be the case not just for concerts but even other forms of public appearances such as panels and public talks. While there are sometimes exceptions to this and at times it can be on a label-to-label or even artist-to-artist basis (for example, some artists may sometimes allow recording during certain events but not others), at least from personal experience it seems to be particularly more common among Japanese events than those from the West or even other Asian countries. For example, in my home country (the Philippines), such policies among local artist performances are either extremely rare or almost non-existent provided that the recordings are limited to phone photos or videos and/or are not used for commercial purposes, and I think the practice is similar for Western artist performances. I've heard anecdotally that some Korean concerts ban recordings, but the fact that there seem to be many images online of fans taking pictures at Korean concerts makes me think that either this is not a universal rule or is not strictly enforced. So the question is: how common is the Japanese practice of banning photography even in concerts or public appearances by entertainers among non-Japanese entertainment industries? Note that my question is specifically limited to concerts and convention panels attended by entertainers and other media personalities; other kinds of public performances such as theatrical plays (where I think such policies are common), or public appearances by politicians (where recordings can be restricted for security reasons) are outside the scope of what I'm asking about. Narutolovehinata5 tccsdnew 04:47, 13 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Note that the presence of such bootleg videos doesn't mean it's legal, as these days cameras are so small and easily hidden (say in a hat), that only a strip search (and maybe a body cavity search) would eliminate the possibility of a hidden camera. SinisterLefty (talk) 09:12, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm not actually sure if the practice among the Japanese can be attributed mainly to a fear of bootlegs, as such policies tend to be enforced even in events where there are no plans to release official videos for it. I suspect that in Japan's case, having control over the artist's public image might be a more significant reason, although this is just my personal theory and I don't have evidence to support this. Narutolovehinata5 tccsdnew 10:14, 13 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Just a personal observation, but almost every live performance I've ever been to has a boilerplate text printed on the ticket or program or somewhere obvious that states that recording is not allowed. I live in the U.S.  -- Jayron 32 12:30, 13 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I saw a play last night. The welcoming announcement before the show began specifically stated that still photography (without flash) was allowed, but audio or video recording was prohibited. A music concert I attended a few months ago had the same rules. I'm in South Africa. Roger (Dodger67) (talk) 06:07, 15 September 2019 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Chepauk Super Gillies

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 20:23, 20 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Chepauk Super Gillies logo.png

title: Talk:Chepauk Super Gillies


text:
Albac

Albac (Fehérvölgy) is a commune located in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 1,846 (as of 2021), and is composed of sixteen villages: Albac, Bărăști, Budăiești, Cionești, Costești, Dealu Lămășoi, Deve, După Pleșe, Fața, Pleșești, Potionci, Rogoz, Roșești, Rusești, Sohodol, and Tamborești.

The administrative center of the commune is Albac village, which is located on the DN75 road, 17 km from Câmpeni, and is traversed by the Arieșul Mare River.

title: Albac


text:
Cookbook:Kashmiri Pulao

| Rice Recipes

This very fancy Kashmiri pulao, or Kashmiri Pallao, is from the Northern Indian state of Kashmir. Although it is a frozen region high in the Himalayas, Kashmir lies along the ancient overland trade routes between India and Central Asia, and the cuisine is famous for using a huge assortment of nuts and dried fruits from all over Central and Western Asia.

Ingredients

 * 3 tablespoons ghee or butter
 * 5 cloves
 * 4 pods green cardamom
 * 1 cinnamon tree leaf (or substitute 2 bay leaves)
 * 1 small onion, sliced thin
 * 1 ½ teaspoons ginger-garlic paste
 * 2 green chillies, split lengthwise
 * 1 pinch of salt
 * 3–4 strands saffron
 * 1 tablespoon milk
 * ½ kilogram basmati or other long-grained rice, cooked and drained
 * 100 grams dried dates, pitted and sliced thin
 * 50 grams white raisins
 * 50 grams cashew nuts
 * 50 grams pistachio nuts
 * 50 grams almonds, blanched and diced

Procedure

 * 1) Heat ghee or butter in a large wide pan or wok.
 * 2) Add the cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon tree leaf.
 * 3) Add the chopped onion, and fry until it just begins to turn brown.
 * 4) Add ginger-garlic paste and chillies and fry for about 1 minute before tossing in all of the dried fruits and nuts.
 * 5) Add salt to taste.
 * 6) Turn the flame down to low.
 * 7) Soak the strands of saffron in milk, mixing until the milk turns orange.
 * 8) Pour the cooked rice into the pan and sprinkle the saffron-milk on top.
 * 9) Stir very carefully so as not to break or mash up the rice grains, mixing the flavourings and saffron colour in uniformly and heating the rice.
 * 10) Mix in dried fruits and nuts.
 * 11) Add more ghee according to your preference.
 * 12) Serve with a gravy such as the basic tomato gravy.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * Try adding paneer fried in ghee to the pulao.

title: Cookbook:Kashmiri Pulao


text:
Talk:B. Frank Gordon

Requested move 21 June 2021

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Lennart97 (talk) 11:58, 28 June 2021 (UTC)

Benjamin Franklin Gordon → B. Frank Gordon – While doing some research for articles about Price's Raid and other topics, I've noticed that Gordon is usually referred to a "B. Frank Gordon" or "Frank Gordon" rather than Benjamin Franklin Gordon. Searches seem to confirm my impression that "B. Frank Gordon" is how Gordon is most commonly referred, so unless my instinct on what he's most commonly referred to as is wrong, I think WP:COMMONNAME supports B. Frank Gordon as the title. Hog Farm Talk 03:12, 21 June 2021 (UTC)

 * WP:COMMONNAME would apply. Based on what you say, "B. Frank Gordon" or "Frank Gordon" are probably better options - though which, is still a question. Some evidence might be useful.  Regards, Cinderella157 (talk) 08:57, 21 June 2021 (UTC)

 * Support per NGRAM This is not the primary topic of "Frank Gordon" by usage in printed sources. (t · c)  buidhe  13:58, 21 June 2021 (UTC)

 * I think it probably needs to be looked at a little more closely than what ngrams allow us to do. Regards, Cinderella157 (talk) 00:41, 22 June 2021 (UTC)
 * - Based on the sources I have available at present, the Gbooks preview of Allardice's biographical register of Confederate colonels has "Benjamin Franklin Gordon", Cite McGhee 2008 has "Benjamin F. Gordon", Monnett's Action Before Westport 1864 and Kirkman's Battle of Westport have the erroneous "Frank B. Gordon" (seems to be an error in Monnett that carried over through Kirkman using Monnett as a source), Sinisi's The Last Hurrah has Frank Gordon, The Collapse of Price's Raid has B. Frank Gordon, Shea's Fields of Blood has B. Frank Gordon, Cite Collins 2016 has Frank Gordon, Wood's The Two Civil War Battles of Newtonia has B. Frank Gordon, Ezra J. Warner (historian)'s Generals in Gray has B. Frank Gordon, Daniel O'Flaherty's biography of Joseph O. Shelby has both "B. F. Gordon" and Frank Gordon. This article about First Newtonia] by Ed Bearss uses B. Frank Gordon. From a rough look, the Hog Farm Talk 01:25, 22 June 2021 (UTC)

 * , that is great and settles it for me. Regards, Cinderella157 (talk) 01:43, 22 June 2021 (UTC)

 * Support move to "B. Frank Gordon" per evidence provided by . Cinderella157 (talk) 01:45, 22 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Support: Compelling case made for COMMONNAME with Bearss and Warner usages. Evidence provided seems authoritative. BusterD (talk) 20:37, 23 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:B. Frank Gordon


text: User:ClueBot III/Detailed Indices/User talk:Vanished user 278d8b9e769f74365327e651fab9a44b/Archives/2019/December


text:
Dhruva (band)

Dhruva, originally spelled as Dhruvaa (Devnagari ध्रुवा), is an Indian musical band. It is considered to be India's first Sanskrit band.

The band is based in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The band's genre is a fusion with the use of Indian instruments such as bansuri, shankha, tabla, pakhavaj and European instruments such as harmonium, guitar and acoustic drums. The band was founded by Dr. Sanjay Dwivedi, who has a doctoral degree in Sanskrit and is a practitioner of Indian classical music. The band first played on 24 January 2015, with other members being Vaibhav Santore and Gyneshwari Parsai  In 2015 the band played at World Sanskrit Day celebrations in New Delhi. Apart from original compositions their numbers are taken from Rig Veda, the works of Adi Shankaracharya, Shiv Tandav, Jaidev, Madhurashtakam, love letters from Abhigyan Shakuntala.

title: Dhruva (band)


text:
File:ArtRage2SBTDS2160.jpg

Used with the WikiU Film School Lesson on how to draw thumbnail storyboards with ArtRage2 free version.

title: File:ArtRage2SBTDS2160.jpg


text:
Topic talk:Communication

Discussion archive
From Wikibooks:

Commencement
I'll be bringing in the lowest common denomonators of U.S. academia. With artistic license, I'll sample a range of social sciences to broaden common theories within the Communications field. I could use some help, and editing. Be steadfast but compassionate. Downchuck 07:15, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The slow and graceful method is both slow and graceful; I'd hoped to keep the wiki history clear of minor edits. This is too slow, I'm afraid I must dive in, haphazard and wholehearted. As I seem to be the only participant I forgive myself, in advance, for the sloppy work and reticence. Downchuck 06:50, 9 August 2005 (UTC).

 * At the speed of a snail, I'm going to start referencing syllabi and material collections from Communications classes throughout the U.S. Downchuck 09:22, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Well... while this project stagnates... The Wikiversity, as I see it, would benefit the most by aligning itself with Brick and mortar universities, to encourage interwikular cooperation. With the active attention of universities, the rest of the wikimedia projects naturally fill themselves out. <IP_ADDRESS> 06:36, 19 April 2006 (UTC)

 * what is the objective about teaching communication if the whole system is propigating itself- you need a whole system approach -real what is your goal- fragmented i suppose for self and specialized society- know nothing about the whole picture-

Communication breakdown
This topic is being adopted and associated with School:Media Studies and School:Computer Science. See Topic:Computational linguistics and Interlingual Beta Club. CQ 11:51, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

 * does it mean i should look up these pages, or may i keep editing here? i plan on adding bibliography, some introduction to communication theories (kind of a COM101). where should i do so? Cetheriel 15:39, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Please continue as you were going to do (adding an introduction to communication theories here). Other pages/schools can possibly help to enrich this page, and could perhaps be grouped in a recommended 'path' to understanding community from a particular perspective, for example.. Cormaggio talk 15:51, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

article reboot
i think this article is all messed up and needs quite a clean restart. i'll be placing my view on what a Topic:Communication should be on Topic:CommunicationBeta and if developers agree, we can then place it here over this mess. capi talk 18:51, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Topic talk:Communication


text:
Using GNOME/Browse folder

Browse Folder is a different way of exploring files. In this mode

 * There is only one window for file management
 * Navigation is done with navigation arrows
 * The location of the folder in the file system is displayed
 * There are special toolbar modes.

For users of GNOME prior to 2.6, this mode will be familiar to you. To use browse folder, right click a folder, then select "Browse Folder".

Tip : To use Browse Folder by default, set the following configuration key to true : /apps/nautilus/preferences/always_use_browser

title: Using GNOME/Browse folder


text:
2019 World Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres

The men's 1500 metres at the 2019 World Athletics Championships was held at the Khalifa International Stadium in Doha from 3 to 6 October 2019. The winning margin was 2.12 seconds which as of 2024 remains the only time the men's 1,500 metres has been won by more than two seconds at these championships (the 1991 final was won by exactly two seconds).

Summary
In modern history, championship races are slow strategic affairs where fast athletes are unwilling to sacrifice their medals by running a fast pace. Fast races happen in more controlled environments with planned pace setters at major European meets.

Timothy Cheruiyot didn't get the memo. From the gun, Cheruiyot and his Kenyan teammate Ronald Kwemoi went out hard, breaking away by 2 metres in the first 200. The guys who usually drop to the back realized this was serious and started scrambling to the front. Olympic gold medalist Matthew Centrowitz Jr. and silver medalist Taoufik Makhloufi formed a chase group 5 metres back, Jakob Ingebrigtsen leading the peloton another 5 metres back. Over the next lap, the chasers fell back to the peloton, the breakaway now 10 metres. Cheruiyot kept up the pressure, over the next half lap, Kwemoi fell off his back. By the bell, Kwemoi was back to the peloton, again led by Makhloufi. The next on the front were Ingebrigtsen and Josh Kerr. It appeared a more mature 23 year old Cheruiyot had learned from his fast early pace at the 2015 World Relays where he fell apart on the last lap. Here, there was no sign of letting up. Down the backstretch, coming from 9th place, Marcin Lewandowski ran around the outside of the pack, hitting Makhloufi's shoulder by the beginning of the final turn. The other competitors were already fully extended and couldn't make any dramatic moves. Cheruiyot crossed the finish line 17 metres ahead of Makhloufi. Lewandowski was able to stay a metre behind Makhloufi, trying to nudge ahead in vain at the finish line. The others fell off the back with only Ingebrigtsen remaining two metres behind Lewandowski and Jake Wightman yet another metre back.

While 3:29.26 was "only" the 57th best performance ever, it was the third fastest Olympic or World Championship performance, only bettered by the 1999 championships when the number 2 miler ever, Noah Ngeny chased world record holder Hicham El Guerrouj to the championship record, and unlike that race, this was done off the front, solo.

Records
Before the competition records were as follows:

The following records were set at the competition:

Qualification standard
The standard to qualify automatically for entry was 3:36.00 or 3:53.10 for the mile.

Schedule
The event schedule, in local time (UTC+3), was as follows:

Heats
The first six in each heat (Q) and the next six fastest (q) qualified for the semi-finals.

Semi-finals
The first five in each heat (Q) and the next two fastest (q) qualified for the final.

Final
The final was started on 6 October at 19:40.


text:
The Tennis Court Oath (David)

The Tennis Court Oath (French: Le Serment du Jeu de paume) is an incomplete painting by the French Neoclassical artist Jacques-Louis David, painted between 1790 and 1794 and showing the titular Tennis Court Oath at Versailles, one of the foundational events of the French Revolution.

Political reversals and financial difficulties meant that David was never able to finish the canvas, which measures 400 by 660 cm and is now in the Musée national du Château de Versailles.

Description
All the deputies are shown looking at Bailly, as a device to show their support for him. The only man to refuse to take the oath, Martin-Dauch, is shown in the lower right hand corner and provides a counterpoint to the general enthusiasm. David also drew all the faces in detail so that every figure was recognisable. Above are large windows with smiling figures of the public.

Symbolic interpretation
In the 18th century, an oath had a sacred value and guaranteed a person would be faithful to their word, as in David's own The Oath of the Horatii. During the French Revolution, collective oaths like the tennis court oath were considered as a factor in national unity and national unanimity. The tennis court oath – pre-Romantic, near-unanimous, almost totally middle-class, and with no popular violence – above all was considered the forerunner of the 1789 revolution and also showed that national sovereignty was made up of each individual's personal will.

David's painting also portrays the monk Dom Gerle alongside the Protestant pastor Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Étienne, symbolizing a new era of religious tolerance. The wind blowing through the windows and billowing the curtains also symbolizes the wind of Revolution blowing through France.

This painting shows the Third Estate gathered together at an indoor tennis court after King Louis XVI locked the meeting hall at Versailles once he rejected to change the voting system. This is when Estate General proclaimed themselves as the National Assembly of France.

History
The first engravings showing The Tennis Court Oath only appeared in 1790, the year David convinced the Jacobin Club to launch a national subscription to fund a painting to depict the event. He exhibited a pen and brown ink drawing of his planned painting in the Louvre in 1791 but did not have enough money to follow it through as the subscription had only had a 10% take-up. The National Constituent Assembly thus decided to fund the work from the public treasury instead, topped up by selling engravings of the painting.

David set up a studio in the former Les Feuillants Convent to hold sittings for the deputies, then meeting in the nearby salle du Manège. However, by 1793, he was too busy as a deputy himself to complete his sketch for the painting and French political life was no longer conducive to the work – Mirabeau, one of the heroes of 1789, had been declared an enemy of the Revolution on the discovery of his secret correspondence with Louis XVI and was now considered as a traitor by public opinion. A large number of deputies to the National Constituent Assembly had been identified as enemies of the Government of Public Safety. David therefore left the work unfinished and the subscribers reclaimed their engraving from him.

David's 1810 The Distribution of the Eagle Standards and his 1814 Leonidas at Thermopylae were directly inspired by The Tennis Court Oath. The work was also reprised and adapted by several artists from the late 18th century onwards. These included Auguste Couder in 1848 and Luc-Olivier Merson in 1883.

In 1820, David ceded the engraving rights on Jean Pierre Marie Jazet's engraving of The Tennis Court Oath to Daniel Isoard de Martouret. The canvas itself was finally acquired in 1836 by the royal museums for the Louvre, where it was exhibited from 1880 onwards.

title: The Tennis Court Oath (David)


text:
mattone

Etymology
The origin is, perhaps from 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) brick
 * 2)  building block
 * 3) brick, brick red
 * 4)  diamond

title: mattone


text:
File:BuildWall14.jpg

Summary
Illustration for building the wall of the movie set for the WikiU Film School created using FrameForge 3D Studio 2 Demo Version.

title: File:BuildWall14.jpg


text:
Help:FAQ/Administration

See also: Administrators

How do policies get decided?

 * Policies and guidelines describes how Wikibooks arrives at its policies and guidelines through a process of discussion and consensus. Discussion takes place on the Wikibooks:Mailing lists, on IRC, and in the various policy pages which form part of the "Wikibooks:" namespace. For recent policy discussion on wiki, try looking at [ recent changes].

What is an administrator? What is a sysop?

 * An Administrator is simply a Wikibookian who can access the few restricted Wikibooks software functions: deleting modules and uploaded files, protecting and unprotecting pages and blocking and unblocking IP addresses.
 * "Sysop" is a more technical designation which deals with a special user account itself, due to historical and to the Wikimedia software the "flag" that gives an Administrator its special privileges is called sysop flag that is why Administrators are sometimes called sysops (even if the definitions aren't equivalent).
 * The Administration tasks and rules are (still to be) defined on Administrators, they are not of a technical nature and are defined more than several managerial tasks that must be performed by selected groups of users that needed or requested the access to be able to perform them to the good of all the community.

How can I become an administrator?

 * It's easy. First, you need a user account. Then, make useful edits over a period of time. In this way, you prove to the community that you are here in good faith. Then, add your name to Requests for adminship. Voilà! Be sure to read Administrators and Deletion policy, and use your new "powers" with caution.

Who monitors the conduct of an administrator?

 * Administrators monitor each other; all administration tools are completely reversible by any other admin (including page and media deletions, lockings, and IP bannings). In rare cases, Jimbo Wales has to step in. In any case, the GFDL license grants you the right to fork, but all forks must be on your own servers, in accordance to policy (the fixed policy regarding fork is still under discussion you are welcomed to express your views).

How can I unban an IP?

 * Administrators can go to Special:Ipblocklist and click on "unblock" as required. Developers can unblock multiple IPs at once.

__NOINDEX__ __NONEWSECTIONLINK__

title: Help:FAQ/Administration


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Molly Moon's Incredible Book of Hypnotism

The result was Speedy keep #1.

Molly Moon's Incredible Book of Hypnotism

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Poorly-sourced article about a children's book consisting almost entirely of a lengthy plot summary and list of characters. I found one source that merely mentions the book, and one source that claims that a film adaptation of the book is being filmed. The article mentions that the book is a best seller, but I am can't find any independent evidence of that claim. - MrX 13:32, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Nomination withdrawn.- MrX 15:02, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep or potentially merge. Like with ...Stops the World, this was reviewed by Kirkus, and seems likely to meet standards for inclusion. That may not be the case for the later books in the series; it's possible that these are better covered in an article for the series (in the spirit of WP:BRANCH, although for a different genre of topic). But regardless, I don't think blanket deletion is the right way to address this material. Squeamish Ossifrage (talk) 22:07, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep - I had no trouble finding reviews for this book. Fearstreetsaga (talk) 14:36, 10 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
lupon

Noun

 * 1) committee
 * 2) board; council
 * 3) commission
 * 1) commission
 * 1) commission

title: lupon


text:
stivare

Etymology
From. , which is borrowed from the same source.

Verb

 * 1) to stow, to load (a ship, etc.)
 * 2)  to cram, to stuff

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) stacking

title: stivare


text:
Cookbook talk:How to Cook Pasta

Page history from How to cook pasta

* (cur) (last). . 13:27, 24 Feb 2004. . Eclecticology (revert; there is no justification for suddenly deleting this page when it has been here for two years.) * (cur) (last). . 16:24, 23 Feb 2004. . Davodd (<vfd>) * (cur) (last). . 23:06, 21 Oct 2003. . Dgrant (changed basil link) * (cur) (last). . 23:04, 21 Oct 2003. . Dgrant (changed basil link) * (cur) (last). . M 09:08, 2 Mar 2003. . Docu (Upd. Links) * (cur) (last). . M 16:54, 3 Nov 2002. . Antone * (cur) (last). . 10:49, 29 Aug 2002. . Zadcat (fresh pasta remarks) * (cur) (last). . M 07:51, 25 Feb 2002. . Timo Honkasalo (moved the talk to Talk) * (cur) (last). . M 18:52, 5 Feb 2002. . WojPob * (cur) (last). . M 18:42, 5 Feb 2002. . WojPob * (cur) (last). . M 18:41, 5 Feb 2002. . 203.10.76.xxx * (cur) (last). . M 18:02, 5 Feb 2002. . 151.24.146.xxx * (cur) (last). . 19:25, 28 Jan 2002. . Dreamyshade * (cur) (last). . 10:17, 28 Jan 2002. . 63.192.137.xxx * (cur) (last). . M 10:08, 28 Jan 2002. . Dreamyshade (moving reworded content)

Copied discussion from en:Talk:How to cook pasta  Questions for the Italian cooks: When I cook pasta, I always rinse the pasta with cold water after straining it. The purpose is to stop the heat so that I can ensure the pasta would not continue to cook itself after removing from the fire. The outcome is a more predictable consistency each time. The cold pasta is heated up again just before serving. Is such practice common in Italian cooking? It is for Chinese. Since Chinese and Italian cuisine are both famous for their endless choices of pasta, they both should have their tips and tricks passed down through generations.

 * I rinse pasta after it's done cooking too, but I always thought it was to rinse off the extra oil and salt. My family is Italian in a way (my step-great-grandfather was Italian). I think it's probably a custom that was originated by both cultures. Dreamyshade

 * Yes, cold water stops cooking, so pasta would not loose any more consistency. But this has to be a very quick operation, or you will eat a cold pasta, and cold pasta is not able to capture sauce (so you practically would eat pasta and sauce separately). Because of this, this operation might be useful if you have to put hot sauces on it; otherwise it is better to have pasta served within 3-4 minutes, or if you need more time to serve it, boiling one minute less than suggested (see box).

 * Paolor (talk) 00:08, 21 January 2008 (UTC) This is absolutely not common in Italian cooking! The only case where you would rinse the pasta in cold water is if to make a cold pasta salad.  Rinsing not only would cool off the pasta, it would also wash away the starch and the sauce won't stick to the pasta anymore.

end of copied discussion

I don't really think this is a recipe, but is a technique. Perhaps it should be moved to Cookbook:Cooking Pasta and than find a place for other techniques in the cookbook. Gentgeen 21:32, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)

PS:I got the page history and talk page from en:

cookwork
This should be taken out of recipes and integrated into some sort of default "Pasta" page, say Cookbook:Pasta. Kellen 23:12, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Cookbook:Boiled pasta? pfctdayelise 13:34, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

title: Cookbook talk:How to Cook Pasta


text:
Wikibooks talk:Talk page

Adapted from en:Wikipedia:Talk page

I say we make this an official guideline (because it doesnt need the weight of an enforced policy). -- 21:56, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Wouldn't this be better as a Help page in the help namespace rather than as a policy? Jguk 12:19, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

A guideline at best. Kellen T 16:45, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

Move To Reject, and include in Help Namespace
I think we all have the gist of this one. It doesnt need to be an actual policy, however the information here is certainly valuable enough to keep around. I am motioning to Reject this proposal, and move the information here to the help namespace. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 16:43, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Kellen T 17:32, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed, just another thing why Archive rather than delete, the talk history is a safer (a restricted number can edit it) and takes less resources (as in space, navigation),work consuming (no need to be managed) place to keep the, herr, history of the page. --Panic 00:23, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * The search feature only allows you to search existing pages, not their histories. --Swift 05:22, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Done. I have moved this page to rejected. I will work on moving the relevant text from this policy to the help namespace. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 00:26, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Is it permissible to copy the contents of the existing books whose copyrights have expired verbatim
I am looking at few books in the http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=shabda. As per the site, the content is in public domain. However, I am not sure if we can re-type the content to create an wiki book.

The reason why I want to recreate the book instead of using the scanned versions specified are a. they are scanned versions and are not being searchable b. since the books specified are quite old, sometimes the content is not very clear.

Please let me know, if wikbooks discourages recreation of books whose copyrights have expired. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ksrikanth gen (discuss • contribs)

 * For books that have actually been published and which are now in the public domain, Wikisource is your best bet. There, source documents are preserved with few changes other than proofreading.  Wikibooks is good if you plan to create a new textbook from scratch. – Adrignola talk 21:44, 5 August 2010 (UTC)

Proposal: move page to Category:Useful Wikibooks pages
Hi all.

I don't know how many people are still watching this page. But nonetheless I have a proposal on its use:

 * Remove the page from Category:Wikibooks rejected policies and guidelines and remove header describing it as a "rejected Wikibooks policy or guideline".
 * Add it to Category:Useful Wikibooks pages and adjust its content to reflects this.

The reason for doing this is, as far as I know, there doesn't exist a page on wb describing how to use talk pages and best practices for using them. So the help system needs a page to help newbies on how they could be used. "Category:Useful Wikibooks pages" contains mainly help pages on various topics, and this could be useful to people who want to learn about wb usage. Any views on this? -- Jules (Mrjulesd) 10:42, 8 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Wikibooks talk:Talk page


text:
funerale

Etymology
From, from.

Adjective

 * 1)  of or pertaining to a deceased and his/her funeral; funeral, funereal

Noun

 * 1) funeral

title: funerale


text:
St. Walburg's Hospital

The St. Walburg's Hospital is a Faith Based (FBH)/Council Designated Hospital (CDH) situated in Nyangao, Lindi Region. The hospital is owned by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lindi. The hospital has a 220 approved beds capacity and it has been supported by the Missionary Benedictine Sisters of Tutzing and the Government of Tanzania.

History
Named after the Anglo-Saxon missionary, Saint Walburga, the hospital was built in 1959 by Sister Doctor Tekla Stinnesbeck at the site of a dispensary that had been running for 12 years. In 1982 Sister Doctor Raphaela Haendler oversaw the rehabilitation and expansion of the hospital to 150 beds. As of 1996, the hospital houses 220 in-patient beds.

Catchment area and population
St. Walburg's Hospital Nyangao is situated on the hills of Nyangao Village, north to the border between the Lindi and Mtwara Regions. Lindi region is surrounded by six districts and all combined these have an estimated total of more than 900,000 inhabitants (2012 census). Operations cover the east-southern zone of Tanzania between Kilwa and the border of Mozambique. The hospital even receives patients from neighbour country of Mozambique. Nyangao hospital is estimated to serve a population of around two million people.

Facilities
The hospital admits patients to a general medical ward, which has separate units for patients with Tuberculosis, a surgical ward, a paediatric ward, an Obstetrics and gynaecology ward and a Neonate Intensive Care Unit. The hospital also operates an HIV/AIDS treatment clinic, a Physiotherapy department, a dental clinic and an eye clinic. The hospital is running a Out Patient Department and a department for Reproductive health and Child Health. It is supported by a laboratory, two pharmacies and X-ray and Ultrasound services.

title: St. Walburg's Hospital


text:
inquietud

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) worry; anxiety

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) inquietude, restlessness
 * 2)  curiosity, interest; hobbies
 * 1)  curiosity, interest; hobbies

title: inquietud


text:
User:Waxmop

Modules I pay attention to:

 * Artificial Intelligence
 * Distributed Operating Systems
 * Algorithms
 * C programming
 * Data Structures
 * Swing Dancing
 * Economics
 * SQL

We don't need to economize on words to fit some book-length constraint, so I believe that textbooks here should encourage multiple explanations for topics. That extra paragraph that seems redundant to one reader because it says the same thing in just a slightly different way may be the one that finally reaches another reader.

I have an undergraduate degree in economics from the University of Houston and I'm slowly working on a master's degree in computer science at Cleveland State university.

I keep a blog at http://blog.tplus1.com.

title: User:Waxmop


text:
Rianápolis

Rianápolis is a municipality in northeastern Goiás state, Brazil.

Location
It is located almost directly north of the state capital of Brazil, and is on the important BR-153 highway, which links Belém to São Paulo. The regional center of Ceres is located 19 km. to the northwest. Highway connections from Goiânia are made by taking BR-153 from Anápolis to Rianápolis. From Goiânia take GO-080 / Nerópolis / São Francisco de Goiás / BR-153 / Jaraguá. Rianápolis is 43 km. north of Jaraguá. See Seplan

 * Neighboring municipalities: Rialma, Santa Rita do Novo Destino, Jaraguá, and Uruana

Demographics

 * Urban population: 3,657
 * Population density: 26.15 inhabitants/km2 (2007)
 * Population growth: -0.61% 1996/2007

The Economy
Economic activity is based on agriculture, cattle raising, services, small transformation industries, and government employment. There were 135 farms in 2006 with a total of 4,724 hectares. Pasture land made up 90 percent of the total. The cattle herd had 15,000 head in 2006 while the main agricultural crops were rice, sugarcane, beans, manioc, corn, and soybeans.

Health and Education
There were 4 schools in 2006. The adult literacy rate was 83.7% (2000) (the national average was 86.4%). There was 1 hospital with 43 beds. The infant mortality rate was 17.5 (2000) (the national average was 33.0).

Municicipal Human Development Index: 0.759 For the complete list see frigoletto.com.br

History
The settlement began in the early 1940s along the road linking Jaraguá to the Colônia Nacional Agrícola de Goiás, present-day Ceres near an airstrip. The first houses served as a resting place for travelers between the two towns. Soon there was a store and a small hotel. The settlement was first called "Campo de Aviação", after the landing strip. In 1958 it became a municipality taking the name of Rianápols, because of its location between the towns of Rialma and Anápolis

title: Rianápolis


text:
User:Sj

Welcome to my user page. For more details, or to get in touch by email, please visit me on Wikipedia or Meta.

About me
I loved the main page design as of mid-2009. I am interested in the multilingualism and naming conventions of this project, and hope to get more people to come work on language texts in German and Spanish. As of 2014 I'm on the advisory board of Boundless Learning, which also builds freely licensed textbooks (which should be portable into WB projects).

Interesting projects

 * Import the awesome Light and Matter book series.
 * Import material from CK12 books (single format) from before they switched licenses to CC-NC :/.
 * Import material from Boundless (single format) and Saylor (multi-format, multi-license) books.
 * Add cheatsheets and summaries of programming languages, as Oracle Programming/SQL Cheatsheet, ASP Notes, TCL and ADP, ...
 * Cleaning up Orphans and the Cookbook; fixing talk page redirects and interwiki deletions
 * Upload the Whole Earth Catalog and making it editable. See User:Sj/Whole Earth Catalog for a start.  Improving the old content with modern information about the same texts and categories.  (free copyright license granted by original publishers, Steward Brand/Kevin Kelly.  Copies of 5 volumes donated for scanning.)
 * The reading room archives need some cleaning up again... to cull out good project ideas and combine them into a persistent thread/idea-page.
 * Outreach: Someone needs to follow up with each of the external authors who have considered publishing on Wikibooks, and those free-content authors who have not. There are many free-content text generators, from ck12 to Ben Crowell, whose books are not represented on WB.  If this can't be fixed immediately, there should be a wikiproject discussing reasons and options.
 * Similarly: add transcripts of Khan videos from before they switched licenses
 * Get professors and universities that are putting CC-BY and CC-SA material online to synch those efforts with Wikibooks (or give us programmatic access, and build scripts to maintain a version here).

Older projects:
 * Getting Blogging 101 folks to migrate their wiki here.
 * Getting interesting source materials for wikibooks onto wikisource for cross-Project collab.

title: User:Sj


text:
Portsmouth Bombers FC

Portsmouth Bombers Football Club is a Dominican football club representing Portsmouth, Dominica (on the northern side of the country, hence their previous name Northern Bombers) but that plays its home games in Roseau, Dominica (on the southwestern side of the country). The club competes in the Dominica Premiere League, the top tier of Dominica football.

Honours

 * Dominica Premiere League: 1
 * 2013–14

Stadium
Currently the team plays at the 12,000 capacity Windsor Park Cricket Stadium.

title: Portsmouth Bombers FC


text:
Talk:Barzani family

Contested deletion
This article should not be speedily deleted for lack of asserted importance because... (your reason here) --Tomwalker89 (talk) 08:29, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

Keep this is a famous powerful family in Iraq Tomwalker89 (talk) 08:29, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Barzani family


text:
Fire and emergency management/Fire Investigator/Presentations

Terminal objective: Presentation of findings to those individuals not involved in the actual investigation through written reports and documentation that effectively express the investigator's opinion.

Enabling objectives:

 * Understand elements of writing.
 * Understand components of written report.
 * Understand the types of audiences and their respective needs.
 * Demonstrate writing skills.
 * Demonstrate the ability to analyze information.
 * Demonstrate the ability to determine the reader's needs or requirements.

Terminal objective: Presentation of findings to those individuals not involved in the actual investigation through verbal reports that reflects accurate information within a given time for an intended audience.

Enabling objectives:

 * Understand investigative findings.
 * Understand informational needs of audience types.
 * Understand the impact of releasing information.
 * Demonstrate communication skills with oral reports.

Terminal objective:Testify during legal proceedings, give investigative findings, contents of reports, and consultation with legal counsel, so that all pertinent investigative information and evidence is presented clearly and accurately and the investigator's demeanor and attire are appropriate to the proceedings.

Enabling objectives:

 * Understand types of investigative findings.
 * Understand types of legal proceedings.
 * Understand professional demeanor.
 * Understand due process and legal proceedings.
 * Demonstrate communication and listening skills.
 * Demonstrate the ability to differentiate facts from opinion.
 * Demonstrate the accepted procedures, practices, and etiquette during legal proceedings.

Terminal objective:Conduct public informational presentations, given relative data, so that information is accurate, appropriate to the audience, and clearly supports the information needs of the audience.

Enabling objectives:

 * Understand types of data available regarding the fire loss problem.
 * Understand the issues about which the community must know.
 * Demonstrate the ability to assemble, organize and present information.


text:
List of domestic workers

This list of domestic workers contains people who have worked as household servants or staff who have become notable, either for their domestic work career or for a subsequent career in another field, such as writing or art.
 * Abdul Karim (the Munshi), servant of Queen Victoria of Great Britain
 * Céleste Albaret, housekeeper of Marcel Proust
 * Gladys Aylward, maid, afterwards missionary
 * Alice Ayres, nursemaid honoured for her bravery in rescuing the children in her care from a house fire
 * Sarah Balabagan
 * Francis Barber with Samuel Johnson became residual heir.
 * Fonzworth Bentley
 * Emily Blatchley, governess and missionary
 * Sophie Brzeska, governess and writer
 * Paul Burrell, butler to Diana, Princess of Wales
 * Elizabeth Canning, maidservant in London
 * Princess Caraboo (Mary Baker), English imposter
 * Flor Contemplacion, executed for murder
 * Elizabeth Cotten, musician, working for Charles Seeger the ethnomusicologist
 * Hannah Cullwick, maid to A. J. Munby
 * Lisette Denison Forth, maid and philanthropist
 * Alonzo Fields, butler at the White House
 * Caroline Herschel, astronomer (worked as a domestic servant in her father's household until his death)
 * Paul Hogan, butler
 * Bridget Holmes, chambermaid to kings of England
 * Hélène Jégado, serial killer
 * Dora Lee Jones, trade unionist
 * Anna Leonowens, governess to the children of the King of Siam
 * Thérèse Levasseur, laundress and chambermaid
 * Margaret Maher, maid to Emily Dickinson
 * Moa Martinson, author of proletarian literature, kitchen maid
 * Ellen More (floruit circa 1500–1535), an African servant at the Scottish court
 * Notburga, German saint, patron of hired hands
 * Papin sisters, murderers
 * Lillian Rogers Parks, housemaid and seamstress in the White House
 * Rose Porteous, Lang Hancock's maid (afterwards his wife)
 * Margaret Powell, maid and writer
 * Isabel Grenfell Quallo, domestic worker and community activist
 * Casimira Rodríguez, trade unionist and politician
 * Margaret Rogers, maid at the White House
 * Charles Spence, Scottish poet, stonemason and footman
 * Deb Willet, maid in the household of Samuel Pepys
 * Dorothy Bolden, domestic worker, community activist and President of the National Domestic Workers Union - Atlanta, Georgia

title: List of domestic workers


text:
Talk:Sangarapillai Sivathasan/Temp

Sangarapillai Sivathasan (21 August 1934 – 12 November 2011) was a Sri Lankan political activist. Sivathasan was born as second child to Sangarapillai and Sellamuthu in Kollankaladdy near Tellippalai. He studied in Kandy and was very versed in many languages. He joined the Ceylon Communist Party in 1950s and worked closely with Pieter Keuneman, Premalal Kumarasiri and Douglas Devananda's father S. Kathiravelu. He was one of the key member for the formation of the Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist) in 1963. Later he married his comrade Kathiravelu's sister.

In 1986 he was detained by LTTE for his association with EPRLF. In1987 after the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, he became a Provincial Council Member in the joined North-East Provincial Council. He was a Member of Parliament twice, representing Jaffna district. He was injured in a bomb blast carried out by the LTTE in August 2006 targeting his vehicle in Colombo and survived by a hair's breadth while being the Chairman of the Palmyrah Development Board.

title: Talk:Sangarapillai Sivathasan/Temp


text:
κόπτω

Etymology
From.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to strike; cut; shake
 * 2)  to knock

Etymology
This form was a found in Katharevousa; compare the inherited doublet.

Conjugation

 * See compounds
 * See
 * See the passive

title: κόπτω


text:
Talk:Dean DeLeo

source of good information
For future reference, if anyone wants to incorporate info about Dean and Robert from this interview. I'm busy with other articles. – Ker αun oςc op ia◁ galaxies  01:54, 27 January 2010 (UTC)

Trip The Witch
Associated acts should include Trip The Witch — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:20, 12 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dean DeLeo


text:
Infinity (Vivid album)

Infinity is the debut album released by the Japanese band Vivid. This was released in two different versions: a limited CD+DVD edition, and a regular CD only edition. It is the band's first studio album and first album after going major with EPIC Records. The regular edition came with an extra track, "EVER". The song "live your life" was also used as a theme song for the multiplayer online role-playing game Dragon Nest.

title: Infinity (Vivid album)


text:
User:Hannahnakano

Welcome to my user page.

I work as a full-time Global Communications Manager for Monitise, a Mobile Money company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. I have established this account in order to help improve the accuracy and quality of Monitise-related Wikipedia articles in line with Wikipedia standards and guidelines.

Out of respect for said guidelines on conflict of interest, I will only suggest edits and amendments via the relevant Talk pages and do not intend to make any direct edits. I will be the only person to use this account to do so.

title: User:Hannahnakano


text:
Talk:Lake Fire (2020)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Camp Fire (2018) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 08:20, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lake Fire (2020)


text:
Talk:Hour record (Unified rule change)

Do we need another article for this
Not sure why we need an entirely seperate article for the hour record since unified rule change when all the information is already on teh hour record page Dimspace (talk) 20:29, 25 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Possibly, the hour record page is a mess, there are tables everywhere, big blocks if text about other forms of hour record so I don't think the hour record article is to easy to navigate and to easy to read. Look at how simple this article is. It's much easier to read and conveys the hour record situation a lot more clearly that the hour record page. If you want a hand re-writing it then I'm more than happy to help- otherwise post on the project talk page and see if anyone there has some ideas. XyZAn (talk) 10:22, 26 February 2015 (UTC)
 * the big table that has appeared on the hour record page is a nightmare, i did autohide it but it was reverted back to unhidden again.

Im considering that possibly a seperate article for "recumbent" hour record, and make the regular hour record track cycling only. That would reduce the size of the article greatly and be a step towards streamlining it. Dimspace (talk) 19:44, 26 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hour record (Unified rule change)


text:
Latin stream/Present Participles

This is the Present Participles lesson, part of Humanities >> Classics>> Latin !

This lesson is intended for England's GSCE Higher Latin

Present Participles
Present Participles are adjectives which come from verbs. A Latin present participle describes an action which is going on at the same time as the main verb. They cannot be used as nouns, unlike gerunds.

In English e.g.:
 * a loving father
 * a warning notice
 * the ruling monarch
 * the listening bank

English adds ~ing to the verb to make it a participle.

In Latin e.g.:
 * amans gen. amantis (loving)
 * monens gen. monentis (warning)
 * regens gen. regentis (ruling)
 * audiens gen. audientis (hearing)

To form the present participle in Latin, take the verb's present stem+ ns, -ntis. They are conjugated the same as third-declension adjectives. Present participles function like adjectives and must agree with a noun or pronoun in gender, case and number.

Translation
A Latin participle may be translated:

ambulans in via, puellam vidi.
 * by one word in English; e.g.:

walking in the street, I saw a girl

ambulans in via, puellam vidi.
 * by two words; e.g.:

while / when walking in the street, I saw a girl.

ambulans in via, puellam vidi.
 * by more than two words in a clause; e.g.:

As/while I was walking in the street, I saw the girl. In this case, the verb of the subordinate clause (was walking) reflects the verb of the main clause (saw) in the translation. Since the main verb is perfect (past tense), the action of walking also has to have started some time in the past.

Note that the present participles also appear in other cases then the nominative case.
 * Casus obliqui

- The present participle in the dative case: "Dicit ambulanti se puellam videre"

He told the person who was walking, that he saw a girl.

- The present participle in the genitive case: "Vidit asinum ambulantis"

He saw the donkey of the walking person.

title: Latin stream/Present Participles


text:
Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005

The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005/29/EC regulates unfair business practices in EU law, as part of European consumer law. It requires corresponding laws to be passed that incorporate it into each member state's legal system. It is intended to provide a level playing field in the single market, reducing trade barriers.

The Directive is concerned mainly with the "substantive" law (meaning in this context the standards of behaviour required of traders). To some extent, it leaves to member states the choice of appropriate domestic enforcement procedures and penalties for non-compliance (Articles 11 to 13 of the Directive).

Recitals
The recitals state the objective of the Directive to reduce barriers to free trade in the EU while simultaneously ensuring a high level of consumer protection. At issue was that the consumer protection laws are different among the various member states (see Article 1 of the Directive and the recitals to it). The Directive is supposed to reduce these differences while establishing a required level of consumer protection across all member states. This is expected to benefit both business and consumers, as businesses receive a more standardised legal system under which to operate and consumers receive a sufficient and standardised level of protection, regardless of where they choose to make purchases.

The Directive is designed to achieve so-called maximum harmonisation of business-to-consumer fair trade. Maximum harmonisation requires member states of the European Union to apply the standards set out in European legislation, and prohibits those states from applying lower or higher standards. In other words, the Directive tells European countries to give consumers no more and no less than the level of protection set out in the Directive. That maximum harmonisation is not yet in force.

Chapter 1
The Directive starts with a general prohibition on unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices (Articles 3(1) and 5(1)) and then goes into progressively greater detail defining what that means.

Article 3(2) states the Directive is expressly "without prejudice to contract law and, in particular, to the rules on the validity, formation or effect of a contract" (see also the 9th recital to the Directive). It does not seek to harmonise unfair competition law regulating "...commercial practices which, although not harming consumers, may hurt competitors and business customers" (8th recital to the Directive).

Chapter 2
Article 5(1) says that "unfair commercial practices" are prohibited, and under article 5(2)(a) these are practices that are "contrary to the requirements of professional diligence" (see further Article 2(h)) and that are likely to materially distort the economic behaviour of the average consumer (Article 5(2)(b)). The effect of commercial practices on particular kinds of consumers, especially those who are unusually vulnerable, can replace the "average consumer" test if the practices are directed at those kinds of consumers or will foreseeably affect them (Articles 5(2)(b) and 5(3)). The Directive describes two major categories of unfair commercial practices:- those that are misleading (Articles 5(4)(a), 6 and 7) and those that are aggressive (Articles 5(4)(b), 8 and 9). Annex 1 to the Directive sets out a list of "commercial practices that are, in all circumstances, considered unfair" (a black-list of bad behaviour). These are divided into "misleading commercial practices" (23 examples) and "aggressive commercial practices" (8 examples).

On a literal reading of the Directive, misleading or aggressive commercial practices that would not affect the average consumer's economic behaviour, but would distort the economic behaviour of particular kinds of consumer, may be prohibited only by the general clause in Articles 5(1) to 5(3), and not by the specific clauses in Articles 6 to 9. This is because the latter provisions refer exclusively to the "average consumer" (although Article 9(c) also refers to the "exploitation of any specific misfortune or circumstance of such gravity as to impair the consumer's judgement, of which the trader is aware..."). However, it might be fairer to read Articles 5(2)(b) and 5(3) as supplanting the references to the "average consumer" in Articles 6 to 9 in appropriate cases. The UK Government's Department of Trade and Industry published a consultation paper in December 2005, which suggested that that was indeed the intention. There is no clear basis in the text for the favoured interpretation, but the UK Government supports its interpretation with reference to the European Commission's Explanatory Memorandum. This could be important because depending on the answer to this question it may be easier or harder to pin down a breach of the Directive.

The rules referred to in the actual text of the Directive in relation to codes of conduct are quite limited (e.g. Article 6(2)(b), prohibiting non-compliance with codes of conduct in some circumstances, and Article 10). However, the 20th recital states: "It is appropriate to provide a role for codes of conduct ... In sectors where there are specific mandatory requirements ... these will also provide evidence as to the requirements of professional diligence in that sector. ... consumers' organisations could be informed and involved in the drafting of codes of conduct." Subscribers to a code of conduct drafted with the input of and endorsed by a major consumers' organisation could seek to argue during enforcement proceedings that compliance with the code of conduct is therefore evidence that they have not engaged in unfair commercial practices. Those charged with promoting and administering membership of codes of conduct will take note that Article 11(1) in effect contemplates the possibility of class-actions brought by consumer groups against code-owners where the code promotes non-compliance with legal requirements. Taken together, these provisions may be an incentive for those who administer and promote codes of conduct to consult with consumers' groups and take careful legal advice in relation to the drafting of such codes.

Chapters 3 and 4
Chapter 3 envisages a role for businesses in the industry to draft codes of conduct about practices among their competitors.

Chapter 4 requires that member states have, under article 11, "adequate and effective means exist to combat unfair commercial practices". This includes ensuring that consumer groups have standing to take representative legal action on behalf of the people whose interests they represent, or make complaints to the consumer authorities. Article 11(2) requires that public authorities exist (for instance, the Competition and Markets Authority or the Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit). Article 11(3) requires that they should be impartial in fulfilling their role of protecting consumers against unfair business practices.

Implementation
The Directive required the member states to pass laws by no later than 12 June 2007 incorporating it into their own internal national law by 12 December 2007. However, until at least 12 June 2013, Member States will continue to be able to apply more protective national rules diverging from European directives insofar as it is necessary and proportionate to do so (Article 3(5)), meaning that maximum harmonisation may not be complete before that date. There will be a major review of the operation of the Directive by 12 June 2011 (Article 18).


text:
Historical Introduction to Philosophy/Philosophical Method

Home Back Forward

The Philosophical Method "Those who are eager to learn because they wonder at things are lovers of wisdom." - Alexander of Aphrodisias

Doubting and Questioning
Philosophy begins with wonder, but goes further than that. It is an attempt to formulate, understand, and answer fundamental questions in life. Socrates is famous for his Skepticism. He would approach popular people who were considered wise, and ask them to justify their beliefs. They would provide him with various attempts at justification, but Socrates would not accept their words without further probing for reasonable justification. In Metaphysics, Aristotle described how wonder fit into the philosophical method: “For it is owing to their wonder that men both now begin and at first began to philosophize; they wondered originally at the obvious difficulties, then advanced little by little and stated difficulties about the greater matters, e.g. about the phenomena of the moon and those of the sun and of the stars, and about the genesis of the universe” (Metaphysics, Book I). Philosophers clarify their questions and claims to remove ambiguity. As part of the great conversation of philosophy, a question must be understood in terms people can agree on. To pose a proper philosophical question, one must be able to make distinctions between conceptual questions and those that can be answered with empirical evidence. "Somehow it fills my head with ideas, only I don't know exactly what they are." - Alice in Wonderland

Reading Philosophy
In order to participate in the great conversation of philosophy, and to apply the philosophical method in a meaningful way, one must become familiar with the conversation. Reading philosophy is often a challenge, but it has the intrinsically motivating factor of revealing thoughts on things that matter. In approaching primary sources in philosophy, a method can help one to extract meaning from the words: Read and re-read the material. Analyze the works, separating them by their distinguishing features and essential elements. Criticize the works, applying reason to your evaluation of the authors' arguments.

Argument
Argument is essential to philosophical inquiry. Logic is the study of correct argumentation. Aristotle is generally credited as being the first to formalize logic. He devised ways to analyze and evaluate arguments. His main work was in what is called syllogistic logic, in which the primary constituents of arguments are terms, which are judged to be better or worse depending on the way in which they are arranged. His works On Sophistical Refutations and Prior Analytics address this.

Definition
The method of definition involves seeking out the meanings of words, and figuring out how meanings can be identified. Socrates and Plato brought a new method into philosophy with a search for definitions. By seeking to clarify the meaning behind grand words like "holy" and "just" (in Plato's Euthyphro and Republic, respectively,) they introduced a new way of investigating the fundamental questions in life.

Home Back Forward

ko:포털:철학/철학 입문/철학적 방법


text:
organofluorine

Adjective

 * 1)  Describing an organic compound containing one or more fluorine atoms.

Noun

 * 1)  An organic compound containing fluorine.

Translations

 * Finnish: orgaaninen fluoriyhdiste

title: organofluorine


text:
User:Dawa Phuntsho

Full Name: Dawa Phuntsho

Age: 09/12/1990 (29 years)

Education: ILCS ( Institute of Language and Culture Studies), 2014

Spouse: Phuntsho Wangmo (married-2019)

Profession: Teacher in Ministry of Education, Bhutan.

title: User:Dawa Phuntsho


text:
Tjaša Rutar

Tjaša Rutar (born 10 December 1984) is a road cyclist from Slovenia. She participated at the 2011 UCI Road World Championships and 2012 UCI Road World Championships.

title: Tjaša Rutar


text:
Younan

Younan may refer to the following:

Given name

 * Younan Labib Rizk (1933–2008), Egyptian historian and literary figure
 * Younan Nowzaradan, or Dr Now, an Iranian-American surgeon, TV personality, and author
 * Younan Xia (born 1965), a Chinese-American chemist, materials scientist, and bioengineer

Surname

 * Faia Younan (born 1992), a Syrian singer
 * Ignatius Joseph III Yonan (or Younan), Syriac Catholic Patriarch of Antioch
 * Larsa Pippen (née Younan, born 1974), American television personality
 * Munib Younan (born 1950), a Palestinian bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land
 * Ramses Younan (1913–1966), an Egyptian painter and writer

title: Younan


text:
Cookbook:Cuisine of New Zealand

| Pacific cuisines

Characteristics & influences
New Zealand cuisine is characterised by its freshness and diversity. Diversity is owed to its relative youth, in world terms, which brings a willingness to experiment with food. Freshness is owed to its surrounding ocean and fertile lands. Its distinctiveness is more in the way New Zealanders eat - generally preferring as relaxed and unaffected as possible.

New Zealand’s cuisine has been described as Pacific Rim, drawing inspiration from Europe, Asia, Polynesia and its indigenous people, the Maori. For dishes that have a distinctly New Zealand style, there’s lamb, pork and cervena (venison), salmon, crayfish (lobster), Bluff oysters, paua (abalone), mussels, scallops, pipis and tuatua (both are types of New Zealand shellfish); kumara (sweet potato); kiwifruit, tamarillo and feijoa; and pavlova, the national dessert.

Perhaps even better known than New Zealand lamb, mussels and other foods are the country’s wines. There are 10 major wine-producing areas in New Zealand, with Marlborough famed for its sauvignon blanc, Gisborne for its chardonnay, and Central Otago and Martinborough building a reputation for pinot noir and pinot gris. Hawke’s Bay is known for its bold cabernets and Auckland’s Waiheke Island is home to one of the top 20 cabernet blends in the world. Marlborough and Hawke's Bay are New Zealand’s two premium wine-growing regions.

Casual Kiwi cuisine
The New Zealand summer sees many eat outdoors, often in a barbecue setting. Kiwi barbecues - featuring New Zealand beef, lamb and seafood - are a big part of the culture, and typify the laid-back nature of the New Zealand people.

A Maori specialty is the hangi (pronounced hung-ee), a pit in which meats or fish are cooked with vegetables. A deep hole is dug in the ground, lined with red-hot stones and covered with vegetation. The food is then placed on top. The whole oven is sprinkled with water and sealed with more vegetation. The hole is then filled with earth and left to steam for several hours. Traditionally, men dig and prepare the hole, and women prepare the food to go in it. All members of an extended family (whanau) help out for such a feast. The occasion is relaxed, friendly and fun, with people often eating the meal under a marquee.

New Zealand's cuisine experience is incomplete without enjoying traditional fish and chips served wrapped in paper.

New Zealand dishes include:

 * Fish and Chips
 * Colonial Goose (a surprisingly effective preparation of roast leg of lamb)

Desserts:

Drinks:
 * Pavlova (a light and fluffy meringue dessert named after the ballet dancer, Anna Pavlova)
 * Lamingtons (a type of sponge cake (or more traditionally, butter cake) squares, coated in a layer of chocolate icing or strawberry jam, then desiccated coconut)
 * Anzac biscuits

 * L&P
 * Flat white

title: Cookbook:Cuisine of New Zealand


text:
Talk:Akira Fudo

Akira Is Not Dead & Miki Is Not Dead
Never Die Understand Cool red hair Akira Fudo And Pink Hair Miki 2400:AC40:610:13BF:9CB4:92C0:F05B:8BCC (talk) 04:46, 7 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Akira Fudo


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Talk:History of FK Sarajevo

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on History of FK Sarajevo. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141024140119/http://scsport.ba/vijesti/fk-sarajevo-slavi-68-rodjendan-titula-prvaka-najveca-zelja-navijaca/81902 to http://scsport.ba/vijesti/fk-sarajevo-slavi-68-rodjendan-titula-prvaka-najveca-zelja-navijaca/81902
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150224170828/http://www.trt.net.tr/bosanski/news/detail/sport/17/fk-sarajevo-i-turkish-airlines-potpisali-spon/39113 to http://www.trt.net.tr/bosanski/news/detail/sport/17/fk-sarajevo-i-turkish-airlines-potpisali-spon/39113
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140714124422/http://www.radiosarajevo.ba/novost/158472/foto-uspjesna-generalka-bordo-tima-sarajevo-bolje-od-juniora-cardiffa to http://www.radiosarajevo.ba/novost/158472/foto-uspjesna-generalka-bordo-tima-sarajevo-bolje-od-juniora-cardiffa

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:10, 4 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of FK Sarajevo


text:
Talk:Electronics/Charge

(Should we really be going into so much detail about it though?... I guess as an example of a very basic electric circuit, it is a good example.  Maybe we could just link to Wikipedia triboelectric effect?  That's the thing I don't like about wikibooks.  You have to provide all of the background instead of just directing them to it.) --Anon

 * yes i agree it is a problem. Perhaps some links to the relavent pages in GCSE Science would cover the basics Theresa knott 08:38, 26 Apr 2004 (UTC)

It's true that neutrons decay into protons and electrons, but that doesn't mean that we can say that they are "made of" these particles. Sometimes a bound proton may decay into a neutron and a positron.Theresa knott 14:03, 26 Apr 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Electronics/Charge


text:
Deh Sheykh, Razavi Khorasan

Deh Sheykh is a village in Fazl Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 603, in 169 families.

title: Deh Sheykh, Razavi Khorasan