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Organic Chemistry/Introduction to reactions/Alkenes

Alkenes
Alkenes are organic molecules that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond, which is referred to as unsaturation. Saturation is when all of the carbons have all single bonds. If the double bonds are just next to each other, they are called cummulated dienes. If there is only one C-C bond between two double bonds, it is called a conjugated diene. If more than one single bond intervenes it is an isolated diene.

The double bonds in alkenes are higher in energy than single bonds and are more reactive. Molecules will favor single bonds over double or triple ones when given a chance.

Bond dissociation energy is the energy needed to break a bond.

Ethene is the smallest, simplest alkene. It is planar and the angle between its bonds is approximately 120°.

The C-H bonds are stronger in ethene than in ethane because the π bond draws electron density away from from the carbon, which draws electron density away from the hydrogens. This makes ethene unreactive and gives the carbons sp2 character, which is more s-like and lower in energy.

IUPAC alkene nomenclature

 * 1) find the longest chain of carbons containing both carbons of the double bond
 * 2) number this chain left to right and right to left and choose the method that gives the double bond the lowest numbers
 * 3) using the smallest of the two numbers identifying the double bond as prefix, followed by a hyphen without spaces, name the chain as for an alkane changing the -ane to -ene

Then follow the rest of the rules for naming halogenoalkanes

Alkenols
Alkenols are compounds containing both a double bond and an OH group.

To name, find the longest carbon chain that contains both the C=C and the OH-. The OH group gets the higher priority (lower number). Oxygen takes precedence over carbon.

The "2" refers to the double bond and can go at the beginning of the name or right before the "en".

Preparation of alkenes, or how to make double bonds.
1°, 2°, 3° all work for E2 reactions (remember that the methyl group doesnt have a second carbon for an elimination to function).

(pictures)

E1 reactions
Elimination reactions are one way to produce alkenes. Learn more about them here.

Elimination vs Substitution ?
There are ways to predict if a reaction will follow an elimination or a substitution mechanism or pathway.

Tertiary halides favor E1, SN1.

Bromine
Electrophilic addition reaction between Bromine and Ethene gas:

Complete Combustion
Like other hydrocarbons alkenes will combust in excess air or oxygen provided that there is sufficient activation energy for the combustion reaction. The following reaction is the complete combustion of ethene with oxygen:

Hydrogen Bromide
Electrophilic addition reaction between concentrated Hydrogen Bromide and Ethene gas:

The general formula for the reaction of any alkene with HBr is:

For asymmetrical alkenes such as But-1-ene the following reaction is also feasible:

Where R and R' are alkyl groups e.g. CH3 or CH3CH2

Sulphuric Acid
Electrophilic addition reaction between cold concentrated Sulphuric Acid and Ethene gas:

Ethyl Hydrogensulphate is hydrolysed if warmed with water:

Overall reaction for the two steps:

<< Alcohols | Alkenes | Alkynes >>


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José da Silva (sport shooter)

José da Silva was a Portuguese sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: José da Silva (sport shooter)


text:
Talk:Paul Quinn College

Handbook
http://www.pqc.edu/images/pdfs/PaulQuinnStudentHandbook20102011.pdf WhisperToMe (talk) 07:42, 28 September 2011 (UTC)

Etta Moten Barnett should be added to list of Paul Quinn College’s notable alumni. Her Wikipedia article explains her importance as a pioneer performer on stage and screen, as the wife of Chicago Defender editor Claude Barnett, and as a prominent Chicago socialite and philanthropist. She attended Paul Quinn when it was a secondary school specializing in teacher training, among other things. Califgrl (talk) 10:51, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

Articles
About accreditation issues... WhisperToMe (talk) 19:39, 10 July 2019 (UTC)
 * http://web.archive.org/web/20091203031159/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/latestnews/stories/082809dnmetquinn.11fab3b07.html
 * http://web.archive.org/web/20090830061507/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/APStories/stories/D9AAIOD81.html

title: Talk:Paul Quinn College


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User:Malik45610/sandbox

writer naeem ullah
writer name ullah is most popular writer of urdu language. he born in hadali punjab Paksitan at 25 december 2000. he got his early education here. at the early age he start writing sotories and poems which published in diffrent digest. and a lot a peop[le like his stories. he is the best youngest writer of khushab punjab pakistan. he is also a intelegent student he got 1st position every year in his school. he is player pof badminton he also play badminton & he got diffrent awards from  government, sami government and private intitutions such as best writer award of the year , best poet, youngest writer , best player of the year (badminton) fakhir e khushab , best debater of the year 2012, best easay writer of the year 2013 and best debater of the year 2015. he wrote novel kirn, khufnaak raat and hum bi to to books writen by naeem ullah 1-kirn 2-hum bi to 3-ye dunya 4-sirf sach (artical book) 5- natasha kaha gai

awards 1 fahir e khusb punjab p[akistan 2-Best debater vof the year 3-best writer of the year 4-youngest writer of the year 5-best player of the year

title: User:Malik45610/sandbox


text:
Giovanni Battista Fornovo

Giovanni Battista Fornovo (1521–1575) was an Italian architect, active in a late-Renaissance style in Parma.

Around 1560, he helped design the church of the Santissima Annunziata, Parma while working as the court architect for Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza.

title: Giovanni Battista Fornovo


text:
User:Gjoitjrdsigjirjgirj/sandbox

Ilia Malinin(born December 02, 2004) is an American figure skater. He is the 2019 U.S. Norvice Blonze medalist.

Personal life
Ilia Malinin was born December 04, 2004, in Fairfax, Virginia. He is the son of Tatiana Malinina and Roman Skorniakov, who competed for the Uzbekistan in ladis skating and Men's singles respectively.

2019–2020 season
In August 2019, Malinin won the Junior men's title at the 2018 Philadelphia Summer International. Malinin made him ISU Junior Grand Prix (JGP) debut in August, placing fourth in Lake Placid, United States.

title: User:Gjoitjrdsigjirjgirj/sandbox


text:
User:Esushant

Welcome to my user page. Leave me a new message or view my talk page. Check my SandBox to see my recent workouts.

title: User:Esushant


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of Prime Ministers of Australia with facial hair (2nd nomination)

The result was delete.  Sandstein  13:37, 26 September 2017 (UTC)

List of Prime Ministers of Australia with facial hair
AfDs for this article:
 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

not a suitable topic, never heard this discussed with reference to Australian PMs ... only US presidents Ivar the Boneful (talk) 16:56, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Comment WHY is it not a suitable topic? What policy or policies does it violate? And why should we delete something because YOU have never heard of it?  Lugnuts  Fire Walk with Me 17:13, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Because the only sources are a blogpost and a union-bashing "opinion piece" that only mentions facial hair in passing. What's next, List of Prime Ministers of Australia by eye colour? Ivar the Boneful (talk) 17:34, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The policy it vilates is WP:SALAT: "some topics are unsuitable by virtue of the nature of the topic. Following the policy spelled out in What Wikipedia is not, they feel that some topics are trivial, non-encyclopedic, or not related to human knowledge. If you create a list like the "list of shades of colors of apple sauce", be prepared to explain why you feel this list contributes to the state of human knowledge." Ivar the Boneful (talk) 17:36, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Keep. Consensus can change, but it is incumbent on someone challenging a prior AfD result to demonstrate that something relevant has changed sufficiently to establish the change in consensus.  There's no indication in the nomination, or elsewhere, of anything like that here. --Arxiloxos (talk) 17:31, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Lists-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 18:59, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Australia-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 18:59, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Politicians-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 19:00, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete At best this is ridiculous. EVERYONE has facial hair. It's a non-defining characteristic. If this exists then why not List of Prime Ministers of Australia with blood. -- Aussie Legend  ( ✉ ) 19:10, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Keep There is nothing to suggest the previous AfD was incorrect. The nom must demonstrate why a page should be deleted, particularly if nominating an article which has already been kept at an AfD. Simply stating they haven't personally heard of a specific topic does not seem a very credible argument. AusLondonder (talk) 19:23, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * The nominator has expanded on why he believes the page should be deleted in his response to Lugnuts' question above. -- Aussie Legend  ( ✉ ) 20:05, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete - unless I have come from a different universe, I cannot really see why knowing that Australian Prime Ministers have facial hair would inform us about their policies, their administration plans, their skill in international relations, their terms in government and so on and so forth. Is there such a list for Prime Ministers of other nationalities? Vorbee (talk) 20:31, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
 * There used to be. They've largely been deleted, for the same reasons. Bearcat (talk) 14:31, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete -- a non encyclopedic cross-categorisation. The subject does not meet WP:LISTN as the subject has not been covered by independent reliable sources. K.e.coffman (talk) 03:38, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. Absolutely plain ridiculous that Keep was the result of the previous discussion. This is WP:LISTCRUFT. Ajf773 (talk) 05:14, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. Silly article, EVERY male has facial hair. Nothing notable about degrees of facial hair growth. The weight of opinion should have resulted in the article being deleted after the previous deletion nomination. Unencyclopedic cruft. WWGB (talk) 10:38, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete; not a topic that we need to maintain an encyclopedia article about. WWGB is right that every adult male has facial hair, making this really a list of every prime minister Australia has ever had at all except Julia Gillard. The only question is whether he grows it out or shaves it off, and that's got nothing whatsoever to do with what's encyclopedically relevant about prime ministers.Bearcat (talk) 14:31, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete WP:LISTCRUFT, fails WP:NLIST. No way a list of PM's with beards is encyclopedic. --Cameron11598 (Talk) 16:17, 20 September 2017 (UTC)
 * delete what is even defined as inclusion level of hair. is Julia Gillard disqualified? what next List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia with facial hair? LibStar (talk) 12:25, 22 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Don't be so hasty to disqualify Gillard . WWGB (talk) 03:23, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete. Listcruft of the most ridiculous kind. That the previous debate was closed as delete was absurd and a clear supervote, so I don't see a need to demonstrate that "consensus has changed" - consensus was misread the first time. Frickeg (talk) 02:56, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete. Absurd listcruft. The Drover's Wife (talk) 06:03, 23 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete - It's snowing. Carrite (talk) 15:56, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Comment, carrying on from some of the above "deleters" comments, this article is as ridiculous as having an article, say, List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair, oh, oops, wiki has one. Coolabahapple (talk) 15:49, 25 September 2017 (UTC)
 * WP:OTHERSTUFFEXISTS LibStar (talk) 00:37, 26 September 2017 (UTC)
 * yes i know, just highlighting the facetiousness(?) of some of their comments. Coolabahapple (talk) 01:45, 26 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Which just goes to show how stupid such a list can be, for it includes Harry S. Truman. Not one of the images in that article shows Truman with facial hair. -- Aussie Legend  ( ✉ ) 16:23, 25 September 2017 (UTC)


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Anton Phillips

Anton Phillips (born 31 October 1943) is a Jamaican-born British actor who found success appearing in British television. He remains best known for his role as Dr. Bob Mathias in the science fiction series Space: 1999. Also a theatre producer and director, he has been involved over the years with many initiatives to showcase high-quality professional theatre by and for black people, including the Carib Theatre Company, co-founded with Yvonne Brewster in 1980.

Early life and education
Phillips was born in Kingston, Jamaica, and attended Manchester High School in Mandeville, Jamaica, before his family relocated to Washington, D.C., in the United States, where he graduated from high school. He then moved to the United Kingdom in the 1960s and in 1969 attended Rose Bruford College drama school.

Work
After drama school Anton Phillips began an acting career in Britain that broke many racial barriers, appearing as the first black actor in many TV series, including General Hospital, The Saint, The Bill, and becoming best known as a cast member of Space: 1999 (1975–77).

His professional life has been dedicated to the promotion of black theatre and to that end Phillips started a number of projects that significantly changed the profile of black and Asian theatre in Britain. These included the Carib Theatre Company (formed with Yvonne Brewster in 1980), the Black Theatre Season, and the Black Theatre Forum, initiatives that were responsible for giving opportunities to many black and Asian writers, actors and theatre technicians.

Under his direction, Carib Theatre's production of The Amen Corner by James Baldwin was the first black-produced and directed play to transfer to the West End of London, an important theatre area. Phillips directed a revival of the play, again at The Tricycle, in 1999.

Major productions have included Remembrance by Derek Walcott, and Sitting in Limbo — a play written by Phillips's then wife, actress Judy Hepburn (about Phyllis Coard and the Grenada Revolution), which played in London and toured to Jamaica. Carib Theatre also specialised in theatre in education, and toured schools across London for several years, playing to some 30,000 children.

The Black Theatre Season significantly changed the profile of black and Asian theater in Britain. Before the first season, which started in 1983 at the Arts Theatre in London’s West End, black theatre was largely relegated to draughty church halls and rooms in community centres on the outskirts of cities. However, now black and Asian plays were presented in legitimate theatres with all their facilities of sound, light and comfort. As season followed season for seven years, companies, writers and actors were accorded prominence and respect within the profession and the wider society.

Phillips has also worked for the British Council in Ghana, where in 1994 he directed Trevor Rhone's Old Story Time as the first major production at the newly built National Theatre. Phillips also lectured at the School of Performing Arts, University of Ghana, and for three years was a consultant for the British Council on a special project in Tanzania to create a company of performers and teach them the principles and practice of theatre in education. He has directed in Germany, the Netherlands, and France. He has also managed a 60-strong company of singers, dancers, and musicians from South Africa on a touring tribute to Oliver Tambo that was presented at the Barbican Centre in London and at Salisbury Cathedral, England.

Inspired by the Area Youth Foundation of Kingston, Jamaica, Phillips founded the Stonebridge Area Youth Project (SAY), a performance-based project for disaffected young people between the ages of 14 and 24 based in Stonebridge, a London housing estate. Through performing arts workshops, SAY encouraged youths to re-engage with society by going back into education and learning life-skills to help them into employment. This project lasted for four years. He also directed Oliver Samuels, a Jamaican comic actor, in London's Blue Mountain Theatre for three years of plays that drew audiences of up to 3,000 at the Hammersmith Apollo theatre.

In 2008 Phillips performed Aimé Césaire's powerful epic poem Notebook of a Return to my Native Land, with music from Errol John, at the George Padmore Institute in London, as a tribute to Césaire.

In addition to being an actor, director and producer, Phillips has contributed to magazines and newspapers, usually writing about the state of black arts in the UK. He has also produced the documentary film Home Sweet Harlesden, a collection of interviews with the first Caribbean immigrants to Britain.

Phillips was awarded the 2015 Edric Connor Trailblazer Award at the 10th Screen Nation Film and Television Awards.

title: Anton Phillips


text:
Emergency Medicine/Organization of emergency medicine

back to Topic:Emergency Medicine

The specialty of emergency medicine
In some jurisdictions, Emergency Medicine is almost regarded as a sub-discipline to Family Medicine. Most authors would now hold that Emergency Medicine has become sufficiently specialised, in techniques and knowledge scope, to be a discipline in its own right. While there can be a General Practice component to many cases seen in the typical emergency room, most emergency rooms now have to deal with an acuity and complexity of case that general practitioners are no longer sufficiently skilled to handle such cases. For General Practitioners who expect to practise in smaller towns or in rural areas, it is particularly important to incorporate good Emergency Medicine experience into their training.

Usually practicing in a hospital setting, EM physicians have training to deal with most medical emergencies, and usually maintain certifications in CPR, at least the first two of the following: For those who also operate in the extramural (pre-hospital) setting: For those who specialize in pediatric trauma care:
 * Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
 * Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS)
 * PreHospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS)
 * PreHospital Pediatric Emergency Care (PPEC)
 * Advanced Pediatric Trauma Life Support (APTLS)

In addition, in cases of disasters requiring special resources, many hospitals have protocols to rapidly deploy on-site and off-site staff.

The management of both emergency department (ED) and inpatient medical emergencies are guided by the basic ACLS and ATLS principles and protocols. Irrespective of the nature of the clinical emergency, maintenance of adequate blood pressure, adequate blood flow to vital organs and adequate oxygenation and ventilation are important guiding principles. (Although sometimes these principles must be deliberately broken, as in the deliberate clamping of an arterial bleeder to prevent exsanguination).

The first step in emergency medicine is triage: determining who (if there are multiple casualties) requires medical assistance first. Triage is done at multiple stages in the care process, especially in case of incidents involving many casualties.
 * On-site personnel decides which victims are treated on the scene and which are to be taken to a hospital, and in which order.
 * At the entrance to the ED, an ED worker (usually a nurse) determines to which treatment room each victim should be taken.
 * The ED physician checks which patient he needs to attend to first.

Introduction to emergency medicine
The art of emergency medicine can best be described using the following ideas examined upon initial evaluation: These point are known as the ABC(D)'s of Emergency Medicine.
 * Airway
 * Breathing
 * Circulation
 * Disability (neurologic) or Differential Diagnosis

Then the general steps of practicing Emergency Medicine:
 * Assessment
 * Diagnosis
 * Treatment
 * Disposition

The ABC's of emergency medicine are basic to life support. Every time one enters into an emergency one should determine whether the patient has an open airway, if they are breathing in an unobstructed manner, if they have an adequate pulse (circulation), if they have any obvious sources of bleeding, and if they have any (neurologic) disability (e.g. a broken neck that has led to neurological injury.)

Assessment using the ABC's is the cornerstone of emergency care and it should be a continuous and ongoing process. Just because initially someone's airway is patent doesn't mean it necessarily will stay that way. So the key point is to stay flexible in assessment and treatment. The mark of an ED physician is someone who can manage the airway (intubate), someone who can manage the breathing of a patient (set a ventilator) and someone who can provide cardiac or respiratory support (ACLS treatment of cardiac problems like shock, myocardial infarction or arrhythmias.)

Disposition
A central decision in emergency medicine is whether a patient requires emergent treatment, is suitable for admission, or is stable for discharge. Emergency physician training emphasizes prompt and appropriate disposition of patients to the location that best meets their health needs. In increasingly busy emergency departments, the emergency physician must choose tests judiciously, perform emergent interventions and procedures efficiently, and disposition patients appropriately. In most Western hospitals, the emergency department now serves as the "front door" of the hospital, with most inpatients having been admitted via the emergency department first. Further, the emergency department, unlike clinic or office based practices, generally has access to the full diagnostic and interventional resources of the hospital, allowing medical care to be front-loaded. Many diagnoses can now be made before the patient leaves the emergency department with the aid of resources like CT and MRI. And many definitive treatments can now be initiated in the emergency department as well, such as thrombolytics in heart attack and stroke, antibiotic treatment in severe infections, and surgical procedures like chest drains, incision and drainage of abscesses, and laceration repair.

Clinical crisis protocol
The "clinical crisis protocol" is an approach to dealing with urgent problems when a patient's life is in danger and there is limited time to act. Thus, diagnosis of the problem must be accompanied by initial empirical treatment, i.e. diagnosis and treatment must be carried out concurrently, even when it's far from clear what is going on. For example, severe bradycardia (heart rate < 40) may or may not be associated with symptoms such as syncope and can be due to many different causes, (e.g. third degree heart block, beta blocker overdose, use of an anti-cholinesterase without sufficient anticholinergic (e.g. neostigmine without glycopyrrolate or atropine), increased intracranial pressure, etc.)

An approach to rapidly assess the patient the trouble is sometimes needed:

LOOK: Color (cyanosis, erythema, pallor), respirations (rate, pattern), diaphoresis, bleeding/dressings/drains, neck (jugular venous distenstion, tracheal deviation), restlessness, discomfort

LISTEN: breath sounds (?equal), wheezes, crackles, stridor, heart sounds, patient’s complaints, observations of bystanders

FEEL: pulse (rate, intensity, pattern), grip strength (esp. after muscle relaxants given), forehead (temperature, diaphoresis)

GET: help, vital signs, old chart, crash cart, labs, chest x-ray... Again, we emphasize that initial empirical treatment is essential while we are finding out what is going on. For example, in the case of symptomatic severe bradycardia, intravenous atropine (0.6 - 1 mg) should be given (among other things).


text:
User:Pandy04/sandbox

Jaguar
The Jaguar is a big cat [[ jaguar] ]

The social ills of substance abuse, and other challenges among young Belizeans, is it becoming our culture.
pandy04 translations he writes:" the off-shoots of world culture and grafted on our republics, but the trunk of the trees must necessarily be formed from our own republics."

title: User:Pandy04/sandbox


text:
2017 in Maldivian football

Overview of the 2017 season of association football in the Maldives.

Group B

 * All matches are held in Kyrgyzstan.
 * Times listed are UTC+6.

Group B

 * All matches are held in Tajikistan.
 * Times listed are UTC+5.

2016 SAFF Women's Championship
Group stage was played in 2016. Maldives advanced to the tournament semi-finals as Group A runners-up.

Preliminary round

!colspan=5|South Asia Zone

 * }

Play-off round

!colspan=5|South Asia Zone

 * }

title: 2017 in Maldivian football


text:
File talk:Bicycle mechanical advantage.svg

Ooops, I thought there was a discrepancy in your diagram. But I now see there isn't. Jimbowley (talk) 12:13, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

also it's not an appropriate place anyway, will try to delete.


text:
Endler

Endler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Adolf Endler (1930–2009), German lyric poet, essayist, and prose author
 * Christiane Endler (born 1991), Chilean football goalkeeper
 * John Endler (born 1947), ethologist and evolutionary biologist
 * Michaela Endler (born 1945), German cross-country skier

title: Endler


text:
Vertebrata subulifera

Vertebrata subulifera (Polysiphonia subulifera (C.Agardh) Harvey) is rather small marine alga in the division Rhodophyta.

Description
This alga consists of branched thalli growing to a length of 20 cm. It grows as tufts of very branched axes attached by rhizoids. A main branched is absent. In section the main branches can be seen to be composed of a central axis with 12 pericentral cells all of equal length. Trichoblasts are abundant.

Similar to Vertebrata fruticulosa (Boergeseniella fruticulosa) which it is distinguished by small corticated cells.

Habitat
Growing on the seashore on pebbles and other surfaces at the very low water.

Distribution
Ireland, Great Britain and north-west France.

title: Vertebrata subulifera


text:
Talk:Northland Christian School

Untitled
Yeah I went here! WOOT! —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:07, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Northland Christian School


text:
Winter's bark

Etymology
After its discoverer, Captain John Winter, vice-admiral to Sir Francis Drake.

Noun

 * 1) A tree  native to Chile and Argentina, grown as an ornamental plant for its reddish-brown bark, bright green, fragrant leaves and clusters of creamy white, jasmine-scented flowers.
 * 2) Bark of this tree, formerly used medicinally.

title: Winter's bark


text:
User:VireshRatnakar

Viresh Ratnakar is a software engineer and a cryptic crossword enthusiast. He gets along best with his dog, Oona.

title: User:VireshRatnakar


text:
Ustyanka, Burlinsky District, Altai Krai

Ustyanka (Устьянка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ustyansky Selsoviet, Burlinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 982 as of 2013. It was founded in 1891. There are 4 streets.

Geography
Ustyanka is located near the Burla river, 40 km northeast of Burla (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lesnoye is the nearest rural locality.


text:
Talk:That's My Goal

Source?
It was the second biggest selling single of 2005 in the UK. - Can we get a source for this? Normally I wouldn't really care, but Shayne Ward says It sold 313,000 copies on its first day of sales, making it the third fastest selling single of all time (behind Elton John's "Candle in the Wind" and Will Young's "Evergreen", which sold 685,000 and 400,000 copies in their first days of sale respectively). Someone's got it wrong. - Hayter 22:20, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:That's My Goal.jpg
Image:That's My Goal.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 02:36, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:That's My Goal


text:
Kalateh-ye Meydan

Kalateh-ye Meydan (, also Romanized as Kalāteh-ye Meydān and Kalāteh Meydān) is a village in Sarvelayat Rural District, Sarvelayat District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 396, in 117 families.

title: Kalateh-ye Meydan


text:
User:Gingo Samuel

I am in love with photography. Former baseball player of the Uganda national team. Founder and CEO of Pearl Baseball and Softball Foundation. Born 25th, September, 1995. Mother called Auma Jennifer. Father called Gingo Godfrey.

title: User:Gingo Samuel


text:
Chinese (Mandarin)/Web Resources

Sites in English (beginners)

 * Dictionaries / Translators
 * CC-CEDICT - CC-BY-SA dictionary. Extensive, compiled by volunteers. Available under GNU licence.
 * Chinese Tutor Dictionary - A Chinese dictionary searchable by Pinyin, Hanzi, or English. It is fast and easy to use.
 * Google Translate - Surprise, surprise! Has dictionary, pinyin, and example sentences.May not work well when translating long sentences to Chinese.
 * Multilingual Chinese Dictionary - A no-frills Chinese dictionary with 9 languages
 * nciku - Chinese-English dictionary with handwriting recognition, lots of examples, a text-to-speech system, and other learning materials.
 * Rikai.com - A web-mediator that adds mouseover pinyin readings and English meanings to Chinese webpages.
 * WrittenChinese.Com Free Chinese-English dictionary. Search results are ranked by frequency of occurrence in everyday Chinese text.
 * Zhongwen.com - A Chinese character dictionary and cultural reference. Characters are represented by images, meaning they are still viewable without Chinese fonts. Detailed character trees.
 * Lessons
 * Mandarin Play - Learn Mandarin Chinese with simple and fun mini-games. The games combine English, Pinyin, Hanzi and audio to help you learn beginner and intermediate Mandarin Chinese in an interactive way.
 * ChinesePod - Free Chinese podcasts for beginners on various topics.
 * Learn chinese online - 40 lessons courses for beginners.
 * Learn to Speak Chinese Online - Learn Mandarin Chinese online for free.
 * Mandarin 123 - Site focused on Chinese Mandarin vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, reading and writing.
 * HowToSpeakOnline.com - Free grammar, vocabulary and conversation lessons for beginners.
 * Melnyks Chinese - Theme-based Chinese Podcasts.
 * ZapChinese - Mandarin Chinese audio vocabulary. A large list of useful words in Chinese and an audio file showing how to pronounce them.
 * Pinyin reading matters
 * Pinyin-English News Summary for learners of Chinese language
 * The Problems of Hanzi Application in IT
 * Other
 * Wikibook's Very Own HSK Guide!
 * The Chairman's Bao - The first online simplified Chinese newspaper, written to HSK levels 3-6+.
 * Chinese Tutor Flashcards - Online flashcards that focus on words the learner is having difficulty with.
 * The Chinese Outpost - Site focused on Chinese language learning and culture, centered around an "Introduction to Mandarin Chinese" with readable and entertaining units on pronunciation, characters and grammar.
 * LearnchineseOK.com - Web's biggest directory of free online resources for learning Mandarin Chinese language
 * Mnemosyne - Free, reliable flashcard program. Has special "vocabulary" cards.
 * Chinese with Mike - Blogger focused on the Chinese language.
 * On-line Chinese Tools - Site with many helpful links for learners, including online dictionaries, character converters and free flashcard programs for learning characters.
 * Skype.com - Skype is a freely downloadable program that allows free, VoIP calling. You can find native Chinese speakers looking for language partners via skype at the Mixxer
 * University of Melbourne Chinese Studies Virtual Library - Large collection of Chinese-related links, organized by topic.

Sites in Chinese (advanced)

 * General
 * Project Gutenberg's Chinese Books
 * Wikipedia in Chinese
 * Yahoo!奇摩字典 - Chinese-English dictionary from Yahoo! for English learners in Taiwan.
 * Search engines
 * Baidu - Simplified Chinese, The most widely used search engine in mainland China
 * Google
 * Google Hong Kong - Both Simplified and Traditional Chinese
 * Google Taiwan - Traditional Chinese
 * Or you can just change your Google Language settings.
 * Yahoo!
 * Yahoo! China - Simplified Chinese
 * Yahoo! Hong Kong - Traditional Chinese
 * Yahoo! Taiwan - Traditional Chinese
 * Other major websites
 * Xinhua - A major official Chinese news agency
 * Sina - Web portal
 * Sohu - Web portal
 * Tencent - Web portal
 * NetEase - Web portal

WikiMedia Sites

 * Wikibooks
 * Wikipedia
 * Wiktionary

See more at Wikipedia.

title: Chinese (Mandarin)/Web Resources


text:
Physics Study Guide/Gravity

Newtonian Gravity
Newtonian Gravity (simplified gravitation) is an apparent force (a.k.a. pseudoforce) that simulates the attraction of one mass to another mass. Unlike the three fundamental (real) forces of electromagnetism and the strong and weak nuclear forces, gravity is purely attractive. As a force it is measured in newtons. The distance between two objects is measured between their centers of mass.

Gravitational force is equal to the product of the universal gravitational constant and the masses of the two objects, divided by the square of the distance between their centers of mass.

The value of the gravitational field which is equivalent to the acceleration due to gravity caused by an object at a point in space is equal to the first equation about gravitational force, with the effect of the second mass taken out.

Gravitational potential energy of a body to infinity is equal to the universal gravitational constant times the mass of a body from which the gravitational field is being created times the mass of the body whose potential energy is being measured over the distance between the two centers of mass. Therefore, the difference in potential energy between two points is the difference of the potential energy from the position of the center of mass to infinity at both points. Near the earth's surface, this approximates:

Potential energy due to gravity near the earth's surface is equal to the product of mass, acceleration due to gravity, and height (elevation) of the object.

If the potential energy from the body's center of mass to infinity is known, however, it is possible to calculate the escape velocity, or the velocity necessary to escape the gravitational field of an object. This can be derived based on utilizing the law of conservation of energy and the equation to calculate kinetic energy as follows:

}}

Variables

Definition of terms

A black hole is a geometrically defined region of space time exhibiting such large centripetal gravitational effects that nothing such as particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light may escape from inside of it. That is the escape velocity upon the event horizon is equivalent to the speed of light. General relativity is a metric theory of gravitation generalizing space time and Newton's law of universal gravitational attraction as a geometric property of space time.

title: Physics Study Guide/Gravity


text:
Basic EMT Made Easy

Introduction
This course is designed to explain Basic EMT (Emergency Medical Technician) procedures, simply and thoroughly. You'll still have a lot to learn after going through this course. This course is meant to be a kickstart or companion to formal EMT training.

Content summary

 * Blood Pressure
 * Blood O2 level
 * Pocket Masks
 * Airways
 * Pulses

Goals
This learning project offers learning activities to increase understanding of EMT skills.

Learning materials
Learning materials and learning projects are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a link to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the main namespace) and start writing!

You should also read about the Learning model. Lessons should center on learning activities for Wikiversity participants. Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple projects. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.

Texts

 * __Textbook Name___

Lessons

 * Lesson 1: ...

Activities

 * Activity 1.
 * etc.

Readings
Each activity has a suggested associated background reading selection. Reading 1.

 * Study guide:
 * Basic Life Support Basic Life Support (BLS)
 * Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
 * Cardiocerebral Resuscitation Cardiocerebral Resuscitation (CCR), a similar technique.
 * CPR mask CPR mask
 * Rescue Ann Resusci Anne
 * Face sheild Face shield
 * Advanced life support Advanced life support

Things Needed For Job in U.S.

 * Course Completion for EMT-B
 * Pass of National Registry (within last 2 years)
 * Current CPR for the professional rescuer
 * County card- In your state (not necessarily the county you are going to work in)
 * Ambulance Drivers license (if driving)
 * Medical Examiner's certificate (A physical) (needed when applying for ADL as well)
 * Driving Record print out
 * Live Scan Fingerprinting will be needed for County Card and ADL

Active participants
Active participants in this Learning Group

title: Basic EMT Made Easy


text:
Talk:David Conner (bishop)

External links modified
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I have just modified one external link on David Conner (bishop). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091229175419/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/2482 to http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/2482

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:26, 14 December 2017 (UTC)

Registrar or Register
The Dean of Windsor is also an officer is the Order of the Garter. I enquired about the proper title as there was some confusion about whether it was Register or Registrar. I trust that the response from the College of Arms finally settles the matter in favour of REGISTER.

>>>>> Thank you for your email enquiry addressed to the College of Arms, which has been passed to me as officer in waiting.

The Dean of Windsor holds the office of Register of the Most Noble Order of the Garter.

Yours sincerely,

David White Somerset Herald College of Arms 130 Queen Victoria Street London EC4V 4BT <<<<<

MightyWarrior (talk) 11:55, 17 July 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Conner (bishop)


text:
Brian Hooks

Brian Hooks (born July 27, 1973) is an American actor, comedian, producer and director. He is best known for his roles as protagonist Rob Douglas in the screwball comedy 3 Strikes, and Nick Delaney on the UPN television sitcom Eve. He is also known for his role as DJ in the 2004 film Soul Plane.

Acting career
Brian’s first acting role occurred as the central character in the film Phat Beach (1996), which was written and directed by Doug Ellin (creator of HBO’s Entourage). The success of Phat Beach led to roles in other films, including High School High (1996), Bulworth (1998), Beloved (1998) and Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (1999). At the same time, he had guest starring roles in many television series in the late 1990s, such as Cracker, NYPD Blue, Moesha, ER and The Parkers.

In 2000, Hooks appeared as the central character in the comedy film 3 Strikes After that, he continued to star in, as well as executive produce, many low-budget straight-to-DVD films, including Nothin’ 2 Lose (2000), The Luau (2001), The Chatroom (2002) and Malibooty (2003).

In the following years, he began to redirect some of his efforts to the off-camera aspects of production. After developing and producing a low-budget film which produced a remarkable five-thousand percent return (5000%) on investment, Q: The Movie, Brian was first able to observe the distinct advantages, and lucrative nature, of successfully creating and developing motion pictures. As a result, and backed by major film distributors such as MGM, Brian began to produce low-budget independent films in between his acting roles.

Brian’s procession of straight-to-DVD films led to him once being called “The King of DVD” by the urban media. In 2007, he produced, co-directed and co-wrote (with Deon Taylor) and starred in the horror film Dead Tone (originally titled 7eventy5ive). He produced the film I Do… I Did (2009). Hooks was the co-host of the relationship show According To Him & Her, which aired on Centric.

In 2021, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Brian launched his own production company called Left of Bang Entertainment. Aside from producing in-house films, Left of Bang Entertainment will provide free educational programs and mentorship opportunities for inner-city kids.

title: Brian Hooks


text:
Michelle M. Pettit

Michelle Montgomery Pettit (born 1972) is an American lawyer who has served as a United States magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California since 2023. She is a former nominee to be a United States district judge of the same court.

Education
Pettit earned her Bachelor of Science, with distinction, from the United States Naval Academy, and her Juris Doctor from Vanderbilt University Law School, where she was inducted into the Order of the Coif and served as Managing Editor of the Vanderbilt Law Review.

Military service
From 1994 to 2007, Pettit served in the United States Navy, being honorably discharged Lieutenant commander. Since 2007 she has served in the United States Navy Reserve, achieving the rank of Captain. During her career in the Navy and Reserves she has held multiple positions: From 2001 to 2004, she served as assistant legal counsel, from 2004 to 2007, she served as senior trial counsel and head of the Command Services Department; from 2007 to 2010, she served as the reserve senior trial counsel; from 2010 to 2011, she served as a reserve appellate defense counsel; from 2011 to 2013, she served as the Reserve Executive Officer; from 2013 to 2015, she served as the Reserve Executive Officer and National Training Officer; then from 2015 to 2017, she served as a reserve appellate judge; from 2017 to 2019 she served as Reserve Commanding officer and Chief Trial Judge.

Career
Pettit served as senior trial counsel for the United States Navy on active duty stationed in San Diego. Since 2015, Pettit has also served as a judge in the United States Naval Reserves. From 2008 to 2023, she served as an assistant United States attorney in the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of California, where she was a member of the National Security and Cybercrimes section for eight years, where she served as the chief of the Intake Unit.

Expired nomination to district court
On September 20, 2019, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Pettit to serve as a United States district judge for the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. On November 21, 2019, her nomination was sent to the Senate. President Trump nominated Pettit to the seat vacated by Judge Michael Anello, who assumed senior status on October 31, 2018. On January 3, 2020, her nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate. On February 13, 2020, her renomination was sent to the Senate. On January 3, 2021, her nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.

Federal judicial service
On July 24, 2023, she was appointed as a United States magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. She filled the vacancy left by the retirement of Magistrate Judge Mitchell Dembin.

title: Michelle M. Pettit


text:
KRXO-FM

KRXO-FM (107.7 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. It is owned by Ty and Tony Tyler's Tyler Media, L.L.C., and it carries a sports radio format. The studios are on East Britton Road the northeast side of Oklahoma City. KRXO-FM is one of two Tyler Media stations in Oklahoma City that air a sports format, the other being KEBC (which mostly carries the Vegas Stats & Information Network (VSiN) Radio Network). KRXO-FM has mostly Oklahoma-based sports shows with VSiN programming heard late nights and weekends.

KRXO-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 92,000 watts. The transmitter is off Ridgeway Road in Northeast Oklahoma City, amid the towers for other FM and TV stations in the market. KRXO-FM broadcasts using HD Radio technology. The HD-2 digital subchannel carries a Classic Rock format and feeds FM translator K283BW at 104.5 MHz. The HD3 subchannel carries a Spanish Classic Hits format and feeds FM translator K243BJ at 96.5 MHz.

Urban AC and Classic Rock
The station began broadcasting in 1976 with the call letters KAEZ. The call sign stood for "Eazy 107" and it played an Urban Adult Contemporary format that included a wide-ranging playlist of R&B, soul, jazz and blues. The station played very little hip hop or rap music in the early 1980s. KAEZ remained on the air until November 23, 1985, when the station sold to Price Communications.

On February 25, 1986, the station returned to air. The call sign was changed to KIMY ("My 107.7") and it switched to adult contemporary music. Then on August 7, 1987, it switched to classic rock as KRXO. The classic rock format stayed in place for 26 years.

Ownership changes
On July 15, 2012, Tyler Media entered into an agreement with Renda Broadcasting to purchase that company's Oklahoma City radio stations. That cluster was made up of KMGL, KOMA, KRXO and KOKC, and the price tag was $40 million.

In accordance to limits imposed by the Federal Communications Commission on the number of radio stations a single broadcasting entity can own in a single market, Tyler sold KTLR and KKNG to WPA Radio for $1.6 million. Tyler's purchase of KRXO and its sister stations was consummated on November 13, 2012.

Switch to Sports
On July 10, 2013, Tyler Media announced that the station would adopt an All-Sports format, and be known as "107.7 The Franchise" replacing the station's longtime Classic Rock format. That programming and format moved to KRXO-HD2, a digital subchannel which is also simulcast on translator K283BW at 104.5 MHz. The Franchise officially launched on August 22, 2013, at 2pm. The move was made due to declining ratings for the classic rock format as well as to protect sister station KOMA (whose playlist overlapped with KRXO's). Programming includes University of Oklahoma Sooners football and basketball, as well as NFL games on Sunday, Monday and Thursday nights.

On September 16, 2015, Tyler Media filed to change the call sign to "KRXO-FM" and move the "KRXO" call sign to a co-owned sports station in Tulsa. The call sign change to KRXO-FM occurred on September 23, 2015. The Tulsa station shared some Oklahoma-based sports programming with KRXO-FM until it flipped to a Spanish language format in 2020.

HD Radio
KRXO-FM transmits an HD Radio signal. That allows them to transmit the main programming on their first digital subchannel, while second and third subchannels carry other programming for listeners with HD Radio-capable receivers. The programming is also relayed on analog translators for those without HD Radio-capable receivers.

In 2005, Tony Renda Jr., the general manager of Renda Broadcasting, said his company had signed a deal with iBiquity to start offering HD Radio on the company's 24 stations in Pennsylvania, Florida, and Oklahoma in 2006.

University of Oklahoma sports fans with radios at the stadium had complained that the station's play-by-play was behind the actual game action. As a result, KRXO's HD Radio digital signal is often disabled during its University of Oklahoma football broadcasts.

KRXO-FM-HD2
104.5's life began in August 2013 when it started to simulcast KRXO and its outgoing classic rock format. When KRXO's main analog signal flipped to its current sports format, K283BW and KRXO-HD2 continued to carry the classic rock programming that had been discarded from 107.7. KRXO-FM-HD2 is branded as 104.5 KRXO after the translator's frequency. K283BW broadcasts from a tower located in Northeast Oklahoma City that is also used by other radio and television stations in the market. KRXO-FM-HD2 features air personalities who are also heard on other stations in the Tyler Media cluster.

KRXO-FM-HD3
KRXO-FM-HD3 originates a Spanish oldies format branded as "Éxitos 96.5". The programming is repeated on analog translator K243BJ at 96.5 MHz for those without HD Radios. K243BJ broadcasts from a tower located at Tyler Media's headquarters and Spanish-language broadcast complex (5101 South Shields Drive in South Oklahoma City). The studios for KRXO-FM-HD3 are located there as well (separately from its English-language sister stations).

Originally a relay for KEBC, K243BJ/KRXO-FM-HD3 flipped to Top 40/CHR as "Now 96.5" on September 12, 2013. In November 2014, "Now" was moved to K225BN/KOMA-HD2 and rebranded as "Now 92.9"; after the move, K243BJ/KRXO-FM-HD3 flipped to the current Spanish oldies format.

Current

 * Kelly Gregg, former Oklahoma Sooners football player and the Baltimore Ravens and Kansas City Chiefs

Former

 * Tony Casillas, former Oklahoma Sooners football player, NFL veteran, member of the College Football Hall of Fame
 * Dave Garrett, former New Orleans Saints and Dallas Cowboys play-by-play radio voice

title: KRXO-FM


text:
вместе

Etymology
From, made of and ; ultimately from. Alternatively, from.

Can be divided into and.

Adverb

 * 1) together, coupled with, along with

title: вместе


text:
Spanish/How to study Spanish

To study Spanish or any non-native language you should determine your goals. Many people study a language in school to fulfill a requirement. Others do it generally as a "broadening" experience. Still others do it so that they can speak with others in their own language.

Number one tip: study every day
To speak any language fluently and be able to survive in the language among native speakers, it is probably necessary to immerse yourself in the language for an extended period such as 9 months to a year. Short of that it is best to study intensively every day for an extended period. Studying every day is much more effective than studying every other day. Studying only once a week is a sure way to forget everything by the end of the week and be eternally relearning the same little bit of vocabulary. The problem is that your mind will forget much of what you learn in the course of one day and by the end of two days it is even more. If you study every day, even for a little while, it will mean that you can focus more of your time learning new material and waste less time relearning old material. This is one of the secrets to learning a language: study it every day.

Tip for studying new words: Have your own vocabulary. It can be some note, every page is e.g. 10 words. And every day study 10 new words, 10 words from the yesterday, 10 words from the day before yesterday, 10 words from the week before, 10 from 2 week before, 10 from 3 week before and 10 from 4 week before. It's overall 70 words. It want about half or 1 hour studying. 10 new words want more time than then repeat 60 others and you have confidence that you will know for a long time.

Spaced learning software such as anki does a similar thing by scheduling reviews depending on how well you do.

Using web resources
Learning via the web offers a lot of benefits that a standard textbook can not provide. One example are audio files which we already include in some of our lessons. Another benefit are online dictionaries that allow you to quickly look up vocabulary. Check out our Web Resources page to find out more.

Using media resources
Once you have learned the basics of Spanish, try reading or viewing material in spanish. A newspaper, a magazine or a children's book is a great place to start. Online retailers, such as Amazon.com, have international storefronts that sell books in foreign languages.

Watching Spanish television or Spanish movies will help you practice listening. Playing your favorite DVD or television show with Spanish close captioning on or with the Spanish soundtrack will help you learn new vocabulary and will assist in putting items into context.

Areas where a significant number of people speak Spanish should have reading material available at local supermarkets and bookstores, and may have some local television or radio stations in Spanish. If you cannot find Spanish media where you live, the Internet has online editions of many Spanish newspapers and magazines available.

Keep a dictionary nearby if you have trouble with unfamiliar vocabulary. The dictionary can be a very effective study tool. Each time you look up a new word, place a dot or symbol near the word. If you forget a word and need to look it up again, add another dot near the word. Pretty soon, you will have a collection of words with two, three and four dots. This marking system helps you figure out which words are either important to remember (because you use them frequently) or which ones are difficult to remember. During your vocabulary review, you can flip through your dictionary and find important words to practice.

Regular use of a dictionary has the added benefit of putting things into context. Many dictionaries have tidbits and trivia added to the definitions, to help you see how components of language fit together.

In addition, every time you open your dictionary, you will see other Spanish words, while searching for your target word and this has the effect of reminding you of other words.

Use it
The best way to learn Spanish is by using it with other speakers. Do not be discouraged by your bad accent and choppy flow; these are things that come with being a beginner. People will understand that you are learning and will appreciate you applying the skills that you have acquired. So go ahead—say something. Ask your neighbor "¿Dónde está el baño?"

Look around your local community. Often times coffee shops, libraries, or other local organization sponsor a "Spanish club" for adults. Both native and non-native speakers attend. This is a great way to use Spanish by speaking with others (especially native speakers).

Another great way to practice your new language skills is to travel to the country where the language is spoken. Most major cities in Spanish speaking countries host a number of Spanish language schools for foreigners. These schools offer language classes at all levels by hour, week, or month of classes. Also, they normally will arrange for their students to live with a local host family, which provides another source for practicing the Spanish language with native speakers.

title: Spanish/How to study Spanish


text:
Talk:David Clayton-Thomas

Infobox
I added an infobox and what information I could find in the article, which needs expansion and a discography, but is on it's way to being a decent biography. I expanded the intro, which was only a sentence long. It's kind of lame, but I don't know the dude, I'm just the janitor. Edit away! --Leahtwosaints (talk) 09:28, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

Canada singles
'Walk That Walk' was a top ten hit in Canada.PeterMan844 (talk) 08:40, 28 March 2015 (UTC)

Hyphen? No hyphen?
The article is entitled "David Clayton-Thomas", as if he had a double-barrelled name, but it sometimes refers to him as "Thomas" and sometimes as "Clayton-Thomas". His records usually call him "David Clayton Thomas", as if "Clayton" were his middle name, not part of a hyphenated surname. Since the name is a stage-name anyway, it doesn't really matter (except perhaps to him), but there should be some consistency. J. D. Crutchfield | Talk 13:43, 26 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Clayton-Thomas


text:
French/Grammar/Tenses/Pluperfect of the indicative

In French the pluperfect is called le plus-que-parfait. In English, it is also called the more than perfect.

Formation

 * The pluperfect is a compound tense - it consists of two verbs, the auxiliary verb and the past participle of the verb one seeks to use in this tense.
 * The auxiliary verb is conjugated as if it were being used in the imperfect.
 * The past participle is added immediately after the auxiliary verb.
 * A negative structure such as ne ... pas is always placed around the auxiliary verb, immediately before the past participle.
 * All past participle agreement rules that apply to composed tenses apply to the pluperfect.

Usage
The pluperfect is used to describe a past action that occurred before a second past action that is in the passé composé or imparfait.
 * Elle était vieille, mais elle avait été jeune. - She was old, but she had been young.
 * Je l'aurais aidé si j'avais su. - I would've helped him if I had known.
 * J'étais parti(e) quand tu m'as téléphoné. - I had already left when you called (me).

Francés/Gramática/El verbo/Tiempos/Le plus-que-parfait de l'indicatif


text:
Electric Circuit Analysis/Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

{| cellpadding="15" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid Gray; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 60px;" colspan="1" |

Circuit Analysis Part II (Laws & Theorems)
This part is an introduction to some useful Electric Circuit Laws and theorems. You are encouraged to master the theorems and laws that will be discussed herein as they form a basis upon which most Circuit analysis methods are built.

Lesson Review
What you need to remember from Previous Lessons.

 * Review all lessons thus far ( i,e Read and be sure you understand lesson reviews done thus far )

Lesson 5: Preview
This Lesson is about Kirchhoff's Voltage Law. The student/User is expected to understand the following at the end of the lesson.

 * Remember what was learned in Passive sign convention, You can go back and revise Lesson 1.

 * Define Kirchhoff's Voltage Law ( word-by-word ).

 * Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: $$\sum_nv_n = v_4 + v_1 + v_2 + v_3 = 0$$

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 2px;" colspan="1"; rowspan="1"|

 * }

{| cellpadding="15" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid Gray; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 60px;" colspan="1" |

Part 1: Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states: The algebraic sum of the voltages around a closed circuit path must be zero.

Notice that a closed circuit path insists that if one circuit element is chosen as a starting point, then one must be able to traverse the circuit elements in that loop and return to the element in the beginning.

Mathematically, The Kirchhoff's Voltage Law is given by

 * $$\sum_nv_n = 0$$

For reference, this law is sometimes called Kirchhoff's Second Law, Kirchhoff's Loop Rule, and Kirchhoff's Second Rule.

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 2px;" colspan="1"; rowspan="1"|

Part 2:Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (Cont...)
We observe five voltages in Figure 5.1: v4 across a voltage source, and the four voltages v1, v2, v3 and v5 across the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R5, respectively. The voltage source and resistors R1, R2 and R3 comprise a closed circuit path, thus the sum of the voltages v4, v1, v2 and v3 must be zero:
 * $$\sum_nv_n = v_4 + v_1 + v_2 + v_3 = 0$$

The resistor R5 is outside the closed path in question, and thus plays no role in the calculation of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law for this path. (Note that alternate closed paths can be defined which include the resistor R5. In these cases, the voltage v5 across R5 must be considered in calculating Kirchhoff's Voltage Law.)
 * }

{| cellpadding="15" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid Gray; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 60px;" colspan="1" |

Part 3
Now, if we take the point d in the image as our reference point and arbitrarily set its voltage to zero, we can observe how the voltage changes as we traverse the circuit clockwise.

Going from point d to point a across the voltage source, we experience a voltage increase of v4 volts (as the symbol for the voltage source in the image indicates that point a is at a positive voltage with respect to point d).

On traveling from point a to point b, we cross a resistor. We see clearly from the diagram that, since there is only a single voltage source, current must flow from it's positive terminal to its negative terminal--clockwise around the circuit path. Thus from Ohm's Law, we observe that the voltage drops from point a to point b across resistor R1.

Likewise, the voltage drops across resistors R2 and R3. Having crossed R2 and R3, we arrive back at point d, where our voltage is zero (just as we defined). So we experienced one increase in voltage and three decreases in voltages as we traversed the circuit.

The implication from Kirchhoff's Voltage Law is that, in a simple circuit with only one voltage source and any number of resistors, the voltage drop across the resistors is equal to the voltage applied by the voltage source:

 * $$v_4 = v_1 + v_2 + v_3$$

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law is a direct result of the electromagnetism force being a conservative one, i.e. the work done by the force on an electron is independent of the route taken, and depends only on the endpoints of motion. This is analogous to the electrons in circuits experiencing voltage drops and rises across circuit elements, and so KVL is true for any closed loop where the net displacement of an electron following the path of the loop is zero.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law can easily be extended to circuitry that contains capacitors.

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 2px;" colspan="1"; rowspan="1"|

Part 4 : Example
Consider Figure 5.2 with the following Parameters:
 * $$V_1 = 15V$$
 * $$V_2 = 7V$$
 * $$R_1 = 20\Omega$$
 * $$R_2 = 5\Omega$$
 * $$R_3 = 10\Omega$$

Find current through $$R_3$$ using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law. Solution:

We can see that there are two closed paths (loops) where we can apply KVL in, Loop 1 and 2 as shown in figure 5.3

 From Loop 1 we get:
 * $$V_1 - V_{R3} - V_{R1} = 0$$

From Loop 2 we get:
 * $$V_2 + V_{R3} - V_{R2} = 0$$

A bit confused? Sorry. But look at the explanation in Part 3 of this lesson and review the ../Passive Sign Convention/.
 * }

{| cellpadding="15" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid Gray; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 60px;" colspan="1" |

Part 5 : Example (Continued)
The above results can further be simplified as follows:

$$V_1 - (I_1 - I_2)*R_3 - I_1*R_1 = 0 $$ $$I_2 = \frac{I_1\times{(R_3+R_1)} - V_1}{R_3}$$ ..... (1)

and $$V_2 + (I_1 - I_2)*R_3 - I_2*R_2 = 0 $$ $$I_2 = \frac{I_1\times{R_3} + V_2}{R_2 + R_3}$$ ..... (2) By equating above (1) and (2) we can eliminate $$I_2$$ and hence get the following: $$I_1 = \frac{V_2*R_3 + V_1*(R_2+R_3)}{(R_2+R_3)(R_3+R_1)-R_{3}^{2}}$$ ..... (3)

We end up with the above three equations and now substitute the values given in the above equations and solve the variables. If you feel lost up to this point, do go back to the beginning of the example and try it out again. Think of this as just another mathematical problem requiring solving by use of simultaneous equations with two unknowns!

Notice that we work with variables only and try to solve the equation to its simplest form. Only after arriving at a simplified equation can we then substitute in the values of resistors, voltages and currents. This can save you a lot of trouble because, if you go wrong you can easily trace your work to the problem.

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Part 6 : Example (Continued)
It should be clear that: from (3) $$\begin{matrix}\ I_1 &=& \frac{(7V)*(10\Omega) + (15V)*(15\Omega)}{(15\Omega)*(30\Omega)-(10\Omega)^{2}} \\ \ \\ \ &=& \frac{295}{350} \\ \ \\ \ & = & 0.843A \end{matrix}$$.

Substitute the above result into (2)

$$\begin{matrix}\ I_2 &=& \frac{(7V)+(0.843A\times{10\Omega})}{15\Omega} \\ \ \\ \ &=& \frac{15.43V}{15\Omega} \\ \ \\ \ & = & 1.029A \end{matrix}$$. The positive sign for $$I_2$$ only tells us that Current $$I_2$$ flows in the same direction to our initial assumed direction. Thus now we can calculate Current through $$R_3$$ as follows: $$\begin{matrix}\ I_{R3} &=& (I_1 - I_2) \\ \ \\ \ &=& 0.843A -(1.029A) \\ \ \\ \ & = & -0.186A \end{matrix}$$.

The Negative sign for $$I_{R3}$$ is the result of $$I_1$$ < $$I_2$$, which tells us that Current $$I_2$$ is stronger than $$I_1$$ resulting in $$I_{R3}$$ flowing in the same direction as the stronger Current $$I_2$$.

If you are lost repeat this example and try to follow the logic, otherwise just send a message to the course instructor as outlined in Part 8.

 * }

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Part 7:
The method used to solve the above problem is very tedious, when the complexity of the circuit is increased the method becomes very cumbersome and almost impossible to use in solving circuit equations. This method is used just to illustrate KVL in this lesson. In Lesson 08, a more efficient method of solving these kinds of circuit problems using KVL is introduced in a form of mesh analysis.

Try the following exercise on your own and compare your answers with the given possible solution.

Exercise 5
Consider Figure 5.4 with the following Parameters:
 * $$V_1 = 15V$$
 * $$V_2 = 7V$$
 * $$R_1 = 20\Omega$$
 * $$R_2 = 5\Omega$$
 * $$R_3 = 10\Omega$$

Find current through $$R_3$$ using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law.

 * Answers to Exercise 5

 * style="width: 50%; background-color: PaleGreen; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 2px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 2px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 2px;" colspan="1"; rowspan="1"|

Part 8:
Further Reading Links:

 * Kirchhoff's circuit laws

References:

 * Nilsson, James W. and Riedel, Susan A. Electric Circuits (5th ed.). Addison-Wesley.  (1996).ISBN 020155707X

Completion list
Once you finish your Exercises you can post your score here! To post your score just e-mail your course co-ordinator your name and score *@undefined.

 * }


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User:Hanachan01

Hello! I'm Hanachan! I love anime and manga. My favorite genres are yaoi and josei. My favorite anime are FullMetal Alchemist, Paradise Kiss, Fooly Cooly, Neon Genesis Evangelion, and Cowboy Bebop. My favorite manga are Nana, FullMetal Alchemist, Monster, Marmalade Boy, anything by Erica Sakurazawa, and Genshiken. I also like the American TV shows Teen Titans and Project Runway. I'm a huge fan of voice actor Vic Mignogna(who plays Ed in FullMetal Alchemist), and I'm even a member of his offical fanclub, the Risembool Rangers. My favorite music is Utada Hikaru, Ayumi Hamasaki, Mika Nakashima, Christina Aguilera, Sugababes, and Frank Sinatra.

Articles I've contributed to ('#' means I created it)
 * Risembool Rangers#
 * Marmalade Boy
 * GetBackers (though it later got replaced by an a more accurate section on the same topic)

My art can be seen at my deviantART site. I'm currently writing an original Boy's Love comic and yaoi and het doujinshi for FullMetal Alchemist, Evangelion, and Genshiken.

I'm also a cosplayer. I cosplay Ed from Cowboy Bebop at any con I go to. So far, I've only been to AnimeNEXT 2006, but I will also be going to MangaNEXT, and probably next year's AnimeNEXT as well. My future cosplays will be Utada Hikaru,Shinji Ikari, and Sousuke Sagara.

Well, ja ne!

title: User:Hanachan01


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1946 in Chile

The following lists events that happened during 1946 in Chile.

Incumbents

 * President of Chile: Juan Antonio Ríos (until 27 June), Alfredo Duhalde (until 17 October), Juan Antonio Iribarren (until 3 November), Gabriel González Videla

January

 * 17 January - Juan Antonio Rios, president of Chile, hands over the command of the country to Alfredo Duhalde Vásquez, who takes office as "Vice President of the Republic of Chile".
 * 22 January - Due to the strike of the workers of the Mapocho Saltpeter Offices and Humberstone, who sued Cosatan for the rise in prices in the grocery stores, the Minister of Labor Mariano Bustos annuls the legal personality of the unions. Due to the failure of the Communist senators Elías Lafertte and Pablo Neruda, the workers call for a march on the 28th of the month.
 * 28 January - In Plaza Bulnes, after a march by various nitrate unions from Plaza Los Artesanos, the police, following superior orders, fired on the workers, killing 6 people in what is known as the Plaza Bulnes Massacre.

June

 * June 27 - died of cancer at his home in Villa Paidahue, La Reina, Santiago the incumbent President of the Republic, Juan Antonio Rios, unable to finish his presidential term. 3 days of national mourning are decreed.
 * 28 June - Alfredo Duhalde Vásquez, Minister of the Interior of Juan Antonio Ríos, takes possession of the country, his first act is the call for presidential elections for September 4 of the same year.

August

 * August 2 - At 3:19 p.m. local time, an earthquake measuring 8.3 degrees on the Richter scale with an epicenter in the Chilean Sea, near the town of Caldera, affecting the entire northern part of the country; and causing the death of 8 people. Minutes later, a Tsunami with waves up to 2 meters high affected the coasts of that area of the country.

September

 * 4 September – Chilean presidential election, 1946

November

 * 3 November - Gabriel González Videla assumes the presidency of the republic for the period November 3, 1946 - November 3, 1952.

Births

 * 3 January – Bernardo de la Maza
 * 18 January – Adolfo Nef
 * 27 March – Horacio Saavedra
 * 3 April – Pedro García Barros
 * 28 June – Jaime Guzmán (d. 1991)
 * 25 October – Elías Figueroa
 * Date unknown - Oliver Welden (d. 2021)

Deaths

 * 28 January – Ramona Parra (b. 1926)
 * 27 June – Juan Antonio Ríos (b. 1888)

title: 1946 in Chile


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Talk:Anne Rasa

Untitled
I was just rephrasing the information about Anne Rasa's children and grandchildren as I remembered her appreciation for privacy. I visited Kalahari Trails twice and e-mailed with Anne before creating this article. She didn't really like the idea of finding too much private information in Wikipedia. She felt that her year of birth and the number of children and grandchildren would be sufficient. So, today, I deleted the sentences containing the names of her children and grandchildren. Nikoskla (talk) 21:13, 8 June 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anne Rasa


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User:Tasvir Singh Ahlawat

Name - Tasvir Singh Ahlawat Father Name - Phulu Ram DOB - 07/09/1983 Village - Behlba Meham Rohtak Haryana Father - Retired from Indian Army Education B. Tech M. Tech M.B.A 10th Pass in 2000 from Meham SD school from HBSE Haryana and B.Tech from KUK University in mechanical engineering And M.tech in Manufacturing and automation from M.D.U university Rohtak and M.B.A from M.D.U university Rohtak Job - Lecture In Mechanical Deptt in Haryana Techanical board of Education In different Govt Polytechnics Business- Bricks clin Owner Jhajjar Haryana Marriage- Mrs Uma Rani Ahlawat in 2010 Child Name - Sameer Ahlawat

title: User:Tasvir Singh Ahlawat


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User:Volker E. (WMF)/dark-mode

WikimediaUI Dark mode is a user script for enabling dark-mode in modern browsers. It is also available as a gadget on English Wikipedia. Note that this is an experiment based on the work of Wikimedia Design team members Volker E. and Alex Hollender in support by volunteer MusikAnimal and others. ''It's now among the top 5 most-used custom enabled gadgets on enwiki, without any advertisment. Thanks to all users!''

Any modern browser works with the only exception being Opera Mini, which lacks  support.

Read more about the reasons for light-on-dark color scheme aka dark mode like reduced eye strain or energy savings specifically on OLED displays.

Installation
Some of the installation options enable usage on en-wikipedia. However, note that the CSS was written with Wikipedia in mind (see T221425) so experience on other wikis may not be very optimal.

English Wikipedia
Go to your gadget preferences, and enable the gadget "".

You should see a "Dark mode" switch after clicking on the profile icon at the top right corner of your screen. If you wish to enable/disable dark mode automatically based on your system colour scheme, add the following to your common.js page: window.wpDarkModeAutoToggle = true;

Other wikis
If the gadget is not installed, you could try one of the below options:

Option 1: Permanently enable dark mode (no toggling)
Add the following line to the top of your Special:MyPage/common.css page on that wiki:

Option 2: Enable dark mode automatically based on the system theme
Add the following line to the top of your Special:MyPage/common.css:

Option 3: Enable dark mode with a toggle (causes flickers)
It adds an item to your personal menu labelled “Dark mode” (Vector) which turns it on and off. This option causes a flicker to happen on page loads. This should work on any wiki. Additionally it uses the Operating System user preference for light or dark color scheme by default.

Enable the user script User:Volker_E._(WMF)/dark-mode.js by adding the following line to :

Known issues

 * In the Firefox browser with monobook skin, MediaViewer is busted (no longer shows image previews). Now Fixed —Th e DJ (talk • contribs) 23:13, 4 December 2021 (UTC)
 * In the Firefox browser, a white bar can appear in the middle of the current page. Turning off the script / css seems to fix this.

×

title: User:Volker E. (WMF)/dark-mode


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Raja Lawak Astro

Raja Lawak Astro is a Malaysian TV reality show that searches for comedic talent. It started broadcasting in early 2007. Every week contestants perform a joke according to the theme set on stage. They are judged to choose winners to proceed to the next round. The winner is crowned "King of Comedy," as reviewed by the audience and the judge in the final round.

On air
Raja Lawak Astro aired on Astro Ria during its first season and on Astro Prima during its second through sixth seasons, which were hosted by Johan and Zizan. The sixth and seventh seasons aired on Astro Warna and Mustika HD before the program was transferred to Astro AEC in December 2014. The eighth season became known as Super Comedian, airing in Chinese and the Skool of Lawak was replaced by Raja Lawak starting in 2014.

Host
Sharifah Shahira, who hosted the show for the first season, was replaced by two former contestants, Johan and Zizan, until the end of the seventh season. In Season 7, Yus and Tauke, also former contestants, were selected as temporary hosts, replacing Johan and Zizan.

Judges
The show judges assess each contestant's performance and select the winners. On 2 April 2010, Din Beramboi, a judge since 2010, died after suffering from hemorrhagic dengue fever.

Maharaja Lawak
All of the finalists returned for Comedian Superstar, Maharaja Lawak, which was hosted by Dato' Ac Mizal to pick the best among the annual winners. Contestants from seasons one through five reunited to determine who is the best comedian among the winners of the previous seasons. The 12 finalists who competed are:
 * Jambu (Yus and Tauke)
 * JoZan (Johan and Zizan)
 * Nabil (Ahmad Nabil Ahmad)
 * XN3 (Pak Cu and Anu)
 * Sepah (Jep, Shuib and Mamat)
 * Jihan (Jihan Muse)
 * Amir (Amirullah)
 * Wai (Wan Kecik, Achoe Kecik and Idlan)
 * Alex (Alex Raja Lawak)
 * Man (Man Raja Lawak)
 * R2 (Rahim and Wan Lopez)
 * Balas (Shuk and Fendi)

The show crowned comedian Sepah as the winner and the best comedian (King of the Kings).

title: Raja Lawak Astro


text:
Talk:Orange Line (Dallas Area Rapid Transit)

rolling stock
Am I missing something? Shouldn't this article describe the rolling stock? Geo Swan (talk) 02:25, 29 December 2013 (UTC)


text:
User:AleatoryPonderings/Swag

@ Very much appreciate it! Was about to give you a barnstar for taking on the boring work—please consider this your barnstar as well :) AleatoryPonderings (talk) 14:52, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

title: User:AleatoryPonderings/Swag


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Talk:US History/Civil War

Your section on McClellan is so filled with errors and mis-representations as to be laughable. That being the case, I did not bother to read the rest of your piece. Suggest you do a bit more homework in future. --

Would the user making the above statement like References? Perhaps if he or she would point out the specific "errors and mis-representations," one may attempt to amend them in to provide greater accuracy. Lord Emsworth

I changed the name of John (born Johan) Ericsson to the (dare I say) correct spelling (was Ericcson), but missed the summary box. The main wikipedia entry supports this spelling. It is also the spelling on his mausoleum in Filipstad, Sweden. Also his brother Nils, changed the spelling to 'Ericson' when he was knighted, something that John reportedly never forgave him for. In that light I find it unlikely that he would have let himself to be known under the name of 'Ericcson'. I do however find numerous sources on the web that lists his name with the odd spelling, so there might be a controversy regarding that on the other side of the atlantic? (Or is it just an early error that has been propagated?) I have several links to back this up, but as they are in Swedish it's perhaps not very useful to include them here. (I also went to the Nils Ericson high school, but that's another story).

I've been adding a few things to this section starting under 'Shiloh'. Let me know if this is all right, but I'm assuming so. There is a good article on the battle in Wikipedia (and probably on others) so what I have tried to do is a brief expansion of the section to set up the situation and then encourage use of the link. erraunt 16:27, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

Ran into the kilobyte limit when trying to edit this section. Are there any plans to create subsections? Any reasons not to before I start making more involved changes? Personally, if it is desireable to grow and develop this book, I believe it will be necessary to break this "chapter" on the Civil War out into multiple subsections to provide the space necessary for the topics. erraunt 19:56, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

I changed some misspellings on this page and corrected one error. Ben Butler, the Beast of New Orleans, was from Massachusetts, not New Jersey.

Technical firsts in the Amercan Civil War
According to the article the American Civil War was the first to see the use of flamethrowers, organised medical and nursing units and ambulance corps and the introduction of the income tax. This is incorrect, as the Chinese invented the flamethrower in the 10th Century (the following article has a picture of a 12th Century version: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_Flamethrower.JPG) and is attributed to have been first used in World War 1 elsewhere in Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamethrower).

Furthermore income tax is reckoned to have been introduced by the Chinese (again) in the year 10 and used by the UK in the 12th Century, to fund wars against Saladin, and at the end of the 18th Century, to fund wars against Napoleon. Speaking of Napoleon, he introduced organised medical units and ambulances into his armies (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominique_Jean_Larrey). Lastly nursing, specifically military nursing, was what Florence Nightgale (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence_Nightingale) became famous for in the Crimean War in the 1850s, so cannot hae been introduced during the American Civil War.

Due to these factual errors, the article stands somewhat degraded and should be edited following further research. <IP_ADDRESS> (discuss) 19:41, 4 June 2012 (UTC)

I'm going to try to amend it to *the 1st American use* of these things. Thank you. Pittsburgh Poet (discuss • contribs) 19:47, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:US History/Civil War


text:
Wikipedia:Wiki Ed/Georgetown University/African Sexualities and Cultures (Fall 2019)

The course will be covering contemporary issues in the field of Queer African Studies and researching theorists, artists, and activists whose work contributes to this field. As a secondary goal, I want students to become attentive to the geopolitics of knowledge production by noticing which topics and theorists get the most attention on wikipedia and which do not even get a stub.

Week 5
Welcome to your Wikipedia assignment's course timeline. This page guides you through the steps you'll need to complete for your Wikipedia assignment, with links to training modules and your classmates' work spaces.

Your course has been assigned a Wikipedia Expert. You can reach them through the Get Help button at the top of this page.

Resources:

 * Editing Wikipedia, pages 1–5
 * Evaluating Wikipedia

Create an account and join this course page, using the enrollment link your instructor sent you. (Because of Wikipedia's technical restraints, you may receive a message that you cannot create an account. To resolve this, please try again off campus or the next day.)

This week, everyone should have a Wikipedia account.

Exercise
Evaluate an article

Thinking about sources and plagiarism

Week 7
Choose your topic / Find your sources

What's a content gap?

Cultural Anthropology

Films

LGBT+ Studies

Sociology

Women's Studies

Exercise
Add a citation

Reach out to your Wikipedia Expert if you have questions using the Get Help button at the top of this page.

Resource: Editing Wikipedia, pages 7–9

Everyone has begun writing their article drafts.

Week 9
Guiding framework

Thinking about Wikipedia

Every student has finished reviewing their assigned articles, making sure that every article has been reviewed.

You probably have some feedback from other students and possibly other Wikipedians. Consider their suggestions, decide whether it makes your work more accurate and complete, and edit your draft to make those changes.

Resources:

 * Editing Wikipedia, pages 12 and 14
 * Reach out to your Wikipedia Expert if you have any questions.

Week 10
Now that you've improved your draft based on others' feedback, it's time to move your work live - to the "mainspace."

Resource: Editing Wikipedia, page 13

Exercise
Add links to your article

Now's the time to revisit your text and refine your work. You may do more research and find missing information; rewrite the lead section to represent all major points; reorganize the text to communicate the information better; or add images and other media.

Continue to expand and improve your work, and format your article to match Wikipedia's tone and standards. Remember to contact your Wikipedia Expert at any time if you need further help!

Week 11
It's the final week to develop your article.

 * Read Editing Wikipedia page 15 to review a final check-list before completing your assignment.
 * Don't forget that you can ask for help from your Wikipedia Expert at any time!

Guiding questions

Everyone should have finished all of the work they'll do on Wikipedia, and be ready for grading.


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User:Phyo Wai Oung

Photo Wai Oung (Burmese: ဖြိုးဝေအောင်; born Phyo Wai Aung 20 January 1996)

Phyo Wai Oung ဖြိုးဝေအောင် Phyo Wai Oung born 20 January 1996 (age 24) Monywa, Myanmar Nationality Burmese Education Monywa University Height 175 cm (5 ft 9 in)

title: User:Phyo Wai Oung


text:
Oboe

The oboe is a double-reed woodwind instrument. There are several different sizes of instrument in the oboe "family". The oboe is most common instrument of the family, and is pitched in the key of C. There is a slightly larger instrument, called the oboe d'amore (the oboe of love) which is pitched in the key of A, the larger cor anglais (English horn) pitched in the key of F and the heckelphone, pitched in the key of C, but an octave below the oboe.

Reed

The oboe uses double reeds, unlike the saxophone family and the clarinet family, which use a single reed. The double reeds are more complex to make which means that oboe reeds cost more than the average single reed. But it is all worth it, because if the reed is kept safe, it can last for over two months until the sound goes sour. Whenever possible, buy hand-made reeds or make your own, instead of getting the machine made ones. Hand-made reeds are more carefully made than factory reeds, and will most likely last a while longer. All players need to learn to adjust their reeds so that they can get the best possible tone.

Aural concept

The oboe has a unique sound. Some would say that it is "annoying" or "horrible", but that means that you do not know the beauty of it. A famous pun is that the oboe is "an ill wind that nobody plays good." To oboe players, the oboe is a wonderful instrument, and, if the oboe is tuned right, the musician can convey this majestic sound for their audience to hear. The oboe is also known to be tuned to in an orchestra because of how hard it is to tune.

title: Oboe


text:
Cell Biology/Organelles

../Parts of the cell/

Organelles: (1) nucleolus (2) nucleus (3) ribosome (4) vesicle (5) rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (6) Golgi apparatus (7) Cytoskeleton (8) smooth ER (9) mitochondrion (10) vacuole (11) cytoplasm (12) lysosome (13) centrioles (14) vacuole

Nucleus
The nucleus contains genetic material or DNA in the form of chromatin, or, during mitosis or late interphase, chromosomes. All transcription and replication of genetic material take place within the nucleus, as does RNA processing. The nucleolus also resides within the nucleus and is responsible for RNA transcription and folding. Translation of RNA transcripts takes place outside of the nucleus.

Mitochondria
A mitochondrian is the organelle responsible for a cell's metabolism. It synthesizes ATP through a protein called ATP synthase. Mitochondria have a double membrane. An outer membrane and a folded inner membrane. The internal membrane, called the cristae is invaginated (folded or creased), to maximize surface area enabling it to hold more ATP syntheses. It is called as "the powerhouse of the cell" which is present in the eukaryotic organisms. It has matrix inside the inner membrane. It is in a rod shape structure.

Ribosomes
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. They are comprised of interacting protein and nucleic acid chains. Broadly, ribosomes are comprised of a large and a small subunit. The small subunit functions to attach to the mRNA strand and hold it in place during translation, while the large subunit holds and manufactures the growing polypeptide chain. The large subunit is further subdivided into the A (aminoacyl), P (peptidyl), and E (exit) binding sites.

Aminoacyl Binding Site The aminoacyl binding site binds a charged tRNA whose anticodon matches the codon in the A site.

Peptidyl Binding Site The peptidyl binding site contains the molecular machinery that transfers the bound polypeptide from the tRNA to the polypeptide chain, and holds the growing chain in place.

Exit Site The exit site is the terminal binding site for tRNA, where discharged tRNA's are released from the translation complex.

Endoplasmic Reticulum
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) acts as a transport from the nucleus and ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum:

Smooth ER
Smooth ER act as transport for various things, mainly the RNA from the nucleus to the ribosomes (RNA is a small piece of the DNA code specifically designed to tell the ribosomes what to make). Smooth ER appears smooth in texture, hence the name. Smooth ER plays an important role in lipid emulsification and digestion in the cell.

Rough ER
Rough ER are "rough" because of the ribosomes embedded in them. The rough ER takes the protein to the Golgi apparatus to be packaged into vacuoles

Golgi Complex(apparatus)
The Golgi Complex basically functions as a "packaging center" for the cell, attaching "address labels" (functional groups) to various cell products to direct them to their respective locations, and "packaging" the products into vacuoles to ensure delivery. Anatomically, the Golgi Complex consists of layers of lipid membrane stacked one on top of another, with a cis face and a trans face. As the molecular product being packaged moves through the complex, various enzymes act upon it to induce vacuole formation and functional group attachment.

Vacuole
Vacuoles are cellular storage places. Like the cell membrane, they are comprised of a lipid bilayer that functions as a selectively permeable barrier to regulate movement of materials into and out of the compartment. They can serve a variety of purposes, storing food, water, or waste products, or immune functions such as containing dangerous materials or maintaining turgor pressure (in plants). Vacuoles serve very different purposes in plant cells than they do in animal cells.

Plant Cells In plants, vacuoles comprise a significant portion of the cell's total volume and often contribute significantly to the function of a differentiated cell. For example, vacuoles in stomata cells contain large numbers of potassium ions, which can be pumped in or out to open or close the stomata.

Animal Cells In animal cells, vacuoles serve more subordinate roles, such as assisting in endo- and exocytosis or basic storage of food and waste.

Central Vacuole The central vacuole is found only in plant cells. It is filled with water and is pressurised, like a balloon. This forces all the other organelles within the cell out toward the cell wall. This pressure is called turgor pressure and is what gives plants their "crisp" and firm structure.

Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes perform a variety of metabolic processes and as a by-product, produce hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes use peroxase enzyme to break down this hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

Lysosomes
Lysosomes are vacuoles containing digestive and destructive membranes. In white blood cells, these are used to kill the bacteria or virus, while in tadpole-tail cells they kill the cell by separating the tail from the main body.

They also do much of the cellular digestion involved in apoptosis, the process of programmed cell death.

Biologia celular/Organelos

title: Cell Biology/Organelles


text:
ultraquantum

Adjective

 * 1)  Of a state in which only the lowest Landau level (orbit with a discrete energy value) is occupied.

title: ultraquantum


text:
Category:West Coast Hockey League players

This category is for tracking all of the players who play or have played for any of the teams in the West Coast Hockey League.


text:
Protestantism

Welcome to the study of Protestantism
As you may or may not know, there are many flavors of Protestants Protestant_reformers. What you may not be aware of is that most people not associated with the Roman Catholics are, in fact, Protestants. This wiki serves to be just the briefest of overviews of Protestantism. And, depending on how you view church history, it can be very exciting -- with lots of twists and turns. Along with the varied twists and turns, there are many players such as the more popular Luther, Calvin and Zwingli, along with scores of lesser-knowns who each played their part in moving away from the perceived limitations of Roman Catholicism. What I hope to see here is sort of a "layperson's guide" to Protestantism, not a lot of lengthy discources or debates on the various theologies. I would like this to start with a short history of the church, then move into more of the regional history of Europe and finally into the various "flavors" themselves.

A short history of the Church
Arguably, the start was Johannes Gutenberg with his printing press attempting to get the gospel into the hands of the people in their own language. As we will see, other people came along with their ideas as to what Christianity means for the people. Some of the perceived limitations include the following:

Regional history of the Reformation
Some areas of Europe stayed Roman Catholic, some tried compromising and still more broke as far away as possible from the previous flavor. These splinters are where we get a lot of our various denominations today. Some of the other denominations formed as these earlier groups had widely differing views on biblical interpretation and the training/utilization of the laity.

The regional breakdown is as follows:
 * Scotland -- John Knox (1505-1572) John Knox
 * France -- John Calvin (July 10, 1509 – May 27, 1564) John_Calvin
 * England -- John Wycliffe, Henry VIII, continued by Elizabeth I
 * See Tudor Origins of the British Empire

 * Germany -- Martin Luther (November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546)

If Protestantism were ice cream ....
It does not take much more than a casual observation to see that there are myriad "flavors" of Protestantism. Some groups seem to have centered around personalities. Others seem to have a certain view towards certain Scriptures. Still others found the limitations of previous "flavors" a little too insurmountable and chose to form their own flavor.

Traits of Protestantism
Created after Luther's "protest" against the Catholic Church, Protestantism has had plenty of time to diversify. While the term "Protestant" is of a historical nature (representing those religions which broke away from Catholicism, or which are descended from them), modern Protestantism tends to share certain traits.

One example is that most—if not all—protestant groups believe that man can have a personal relationship with Jesus Christ (as apposed to the Catholic notion of having a priest intercede on one's behalf). The doctrine of Sola Scriptura as introduced by Martin Luther is very common to most protestant denominations. Sola Scriptura represents a belief that the Bible is the only source for theological inquiry. Some Protestants interpret this to mean that the Bible is the inerrant word of God and the final authority on all theological matters, while others allow for less literal understandings of scripture while still looking to it as a theological norm. Once again, this was a push against the Roman Catholic notion of the Magisterium or Teaching Office of the Church, which relies on clerical interpretative authority in matters of doctrine.

Perhaps a list...
Here are some pages based upon specific doctrines (denominations) within Protestantism.

 * Adventist
 * Anabaptist - Amish, Brethren, Hutterite, Mennonite
 * Baptist
 * Religious Society Of Friends (Quakers)
 * Congregationalism
 * Lutheranism
 * Methodism
 * Pentecostalism
 * Presbyterianism
 * Puritans
 * Revivalism
 * Church of England
 * Evangelicalism - however, Evangelicalism is not strictly to be classed simply with the others on this list as there are people of many denominations who could describe themselves as Evangelical. (Note also that it is also not restricted merely to Protestantism: though this is the division of the church it is most commonly associated with, it is possible also to be a Roman Catholic Evangelical.)
 * New Thought Protestantism:
 * Christian Science
 * Unity School of Christianity

title: Protestantism


text:
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title: prezident


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Pindar's First Olympian Ode

Pindar's First Olympian Ode

 * ... that Pindar's First Olympian Ode celebrates victory at the Olympic Games to the strains of the phorminx (pictured)?
 * Reviewed: Barack Obama on Twitter
 * Comment: for the BST evening slot on 12 August please

Created/expanded by Maculosae tegmine lyncis (talk). Self nom at 07:59, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Hook: Short enough, interesting, AGF on citation, image is okay.
 * Article: New enough, long enough, interesting. AGF on offline and foreign language citations.
 * Summary:Pictogram voting keep.svg Good to go! — Crisco 1492 (talk) 10:00, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Symbol question.svg Pulled from queue for concerns over image. — Crisco 1492 (talk) 01:05, 14 July 2012 (UTC)
 * And just as well: I misread 12 August above as 12 July and promoted it in error. We have at least three weeks to further investigate this image or find another one for the phorminx. BlueMoonset (talk) 03:40, 14 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Thanks both; I AGFd on the image too, but have switched with this replacement, explicitly referenced as a phorminx in the revised image caption; I guess no matter if it runs before the games, Maculosae tegmine lyncis (talk) 10:14, 14 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Symbol confirmed.svg New image is a detail from an image on Commons that appears in the article. BlueMoonset (talk) 14:18, 14 July 2012 (UTC)