text:
Talk:Coordination Council (Belarus)

Title
The present name is invalid because the capitalisation implies a formal name, for which sources are missing. So far the closest that the sources seem to get to a formal name seems to be "Coordination Council". Possible options seem to me to include: If there are no other preferences, I would go for Coordination Council (Belarus). Boud (talk) 17:21, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Coordination Council (Belarus) - this assumes that we accept that there are enough sources for this to be the formal English name;
 * Belarusian coordination council - lower case, because it's a descriptive WP:TITLE, not a formal name.
 * I have no objections to that. Coordination Council (Belarus) seems fine to me. Cordyceps-Zombie (talk) 17:24, 16 August 2020 (UTC)

Propose deletion of subsection irrelevant to this article
or anyone else: Are there any objections to deleting the subsection Countries and organisations that have not accepted the results of the presidential election? Although this is vaguely related to the topic, it doesn't make much sense in this article. Refusing the results of the election is not the same thing as supporting a transitional council. Boud (talk) 19:07, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

Possible wikipedia-notable members
Someone who can read Russian might be able to check if either of these may match: Boud (talk) 02:15, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * ru:Егоров, Андрей has multiple people of the same name and likely to be alive today - the Belapan list says Андрей Егоров — политолог, директор Центра европейской трансформации;
 * ru:Козлов, Николай - mostly historical people, but maybe ru:Козлов,_Николай_Михайлович_(художник)? - the Belapan list says доверенное лицо Светланы Тихоновской.

 * Hey! first person is ru:Егоров, Андрей Геннадьевич according to https://rada.vision/chleny-soveta (same picture), the second person is ru:Мікалай Георгіевіч Казлоў - page not existing (Kozlov is a leader of the United Civil Party of Belarus  and be:Аб’яднаная грамадзянская партыя ) Natanieluz (talk) 18:22, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Hi ✅ Boud (talk) 23:14, 18 August 2020 (UTC)

Language
With all due respect to the Belarusian language, I'd put the Russian title first since the CC main logo, its official site (main page), Facebook page, etc. are all in Russian. The Russian language is predominantly used by the opposition (as well as by the Belarusian society), let's accept this fact. Buxareu (talk) 21:23, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Agreed that this is consistent with the sources. Boud (talk) 22:55, 18 August 2020 (UTC)

Lukashenko's rants
I wonder if we should quote everything Lukashescu says. The old dictator is obviously suffering from progressive dementia and is losing contact with the reality. All dictators do before they die their own death or are executed. Taurus Littrow (talk) 18:30, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * We don't quote everything that he says. But he's not completely losing contact with reality; he's using his best remaining sociopolitical assets to try to retain power. He has imported Russian propaganda specialists to replace strikers and keep the TV propaganda running; he has effectively blocked a loyal-turned-rebel newspaper from printing hard copies for those who still read printed newspapers; and he's still sending riot cop vans into Minsk city centre. Lukashenko hasn't yet lost support from all the "mid-level decision makers in Belarus".
 * In any case, the Wikipedia question is whether his statements are notable; whether or not he's doing the most rational thing possible for a dictator in his situation or whether he's losing his mind is not Wikipedia's problem. At the moment, I think that having a few of his main statements in relation to the Council is clearly justified based on notability. Boud (talk) 01:16, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I understand. I would trim his statements a bit, though, especially his accusation that some of the CC members are "outright Nazis". That's a clear calumny. Also, his promise to act in accordance with "the constitution and the law" is not quite trustworthy, to put it mildly. Does the Belarusian constitution or any law say that you can arrest thousands of peaceful protesters or simple passers-by and then beat and torture them in detention centers? Two international human rights organizations have already labelled these actions as crimes against humanity, and rightly so. Taurus Littrow (talk) 08:50, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Lukashenko's comments are notable and therefore should be reported here. We had to report similar comments made in 2011 by "Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution of the Great Socialist Peoples Libyan Arab Jamaharia", Muammar Gaddafi, when he said that people who were protesting against him were "taking hallucinogenic pills in their Nescafe". Whatever your opinion of the comments, they were made and therefore have to be included. Cordyceps-Zombie (talk) 12:26, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * There's a full Wikipedia article on the veracity of statements by the Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution of the Great White People's American Greatness Make Againia. Boud (talk) 19:22, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Made me smile that one did :-) Cordyceps-Zombie (talk) 19:36, 20 August 2020 (UTC)
 * We need one for the Potato Führer as well. The guy is a goldmine! Here's one of the most famous: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MDLrCBEKto/ "Why eat potatoes with meat? Eat them with herring instead! Why do you eat meat with potatoes and then go to sleep? How will you sleep? How will you awake in the morning?" Taurus Littrow (talk) 15:17, 21 August 2020 (UTC)
 * You are probably not aware of the following joke of the latter days of Soviet Communism, when food was scarce. So they sent a propagandists to teach everybody a healthy diet: meat is not good for your helth because it has cholesterol, high-covalence proteines, dihydrogen monoxide, you get the idea. Of course people mostly skeptical, they have this bad habit to eat meat, you know, so they give a propagandist hard time. but in one village suddenly he got support from and old fart peasant: "That's right, listet what he says: you will get your feet cold if you eat much meat!" - So this propagandist jumps triumphanlty: "Listen, comrades, what even folk wisdom says: you get your feet cold off meat!" -- But after the lecture he grabs this old man: "Tell me grapms, why meat makes cold feet?" -- :You know, son, you eat much meat in the evening, in the night your dick gets stiff, pulls the blanket off, and you wake up in the morning with your feet freezing." Lembit Staan (talk) 05:13, 24 November 2020 (UTC)

Requested move 5 November 2020

The result of the move request was: not moved. (non-admin closure)  Heart  (talk) 13:48, 26 November 2020 (UTC)

Coordination Council → Coordination Council of the Belarusian opposition – "Coordination Council" is a very wide term, used in the name of many organizations. See, for example, Russian Opposition Coordination Council, Coordination Council of Islamic Revolution Forces and more others. In my opinion, needs rename this page into Coordination Council of the Belarusian opposition or Coordination Council for the Transfer of Power.--Kaganer (talk) 15:32, 5 November 2020 (UTC)
 * And Coordination Council should be disambiguation page linked with the Q101205689. --Kaganer (talk) 15:35, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose as proposed. Support alternatives: either Coordination Council for the Transfer of Power, as used in the article lead, or Coordination Council (Belarus), which would be more concise and also redirects here already. BegbertBiggs (talk) 18:05, 12 November 2020 (UTC) — Edited my !vote for clarity (underlined). BegbertBiggs (talk) 18:27, 20 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose Coordination Council of the Belarusian opposition because it is excessively long. Support Coordination Council (Belarus) which has the commonly used term, is unambiguous, and is short. Oppose Coordination Council for the Transfer of Power because even the Council itself, writing in English, mostly doesn't use this full name, even if has been used a few times. Boud (talk) 22:51, 15 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose - a quick Google search shows that the Belarusian Coordination Council is the WP:PRIMARYTOPIC for the term "Coordination Council". Even searching "Russian Opposition Coordination Council" comes up with more results for the Belarusian one than the actual Russian one. ItsPugle (please ping on reply) 04:20, 16 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose at least for now the Belarusian one appears to be the primary topic. Support creation of Coordination Council (disambiguation). (t · c)  buidhe  21:52, 16 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Done. But the is not dab, it is WP:SIA page. I guess we will move it soon. Lembit Staan (talk) 05:35, 24 November 2020 (UTC)
 * No, Belarusian one is far form being primary topic. Lembit Staan (talk) 05:36, 24 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose - generic term. Use full meaningful name, which is reasonable short:  Coordination Council for the Transfer of Power. Lembit Staan (talk) 04:57, 24 November 2020 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Requested move 28 November 2020

The result of the move request was: Moved. Technical move requested. (non-admin closure) Vpab15 (talk) 16:04, 22 December 2020 (UTC)

– In the previous discussion this proposal was mentioned by several !voters. Lembit Staan (talk) 20:15, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Coordination Council → Coordination Council (Belarus)
 * Coordination Council (disambiguation) → Coordination Council
 * support as the nom, although in the prev vote I had a different opinion. Lembit Staan (talk) 20:15, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Note I have added Coordination Council (disambiguation) → Coordination Council to the proposal. BegbertBiggs (talk) 00:09, 29 November 2020 (UTC)
 * support Concise and reasonable. Boud (talk) 22:06, 3 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Support. No clear primary topic. -- Necrothesp (talk) 15:13, 16 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose — Of the eight articles that have "Coordination Council" in their title, the Belarusian Coordination Council is the |Syrian_National_Coordination_Council|Coordination_Council_for_North_American_Affairs|Coordination_Council_of_Islamic_Revolution_Forces|Russian_Opposition_Coordination_Council|Coordination_Council_(disambiguation)|Coordination_Council_of_Leftist_Forces|Islamic_Development_Coordination_Council clear primary topic by pageviews. Levivich harass/hound 07:05, 20 December 2020 (UTC)
 * That's only the very recent statistics. Popularity by |Syrian_National_Coordination_Council|Coordination_Council_for_North_American_Affairs|Coordination_Council_of_Islamic_Revolution_Forces|Russian_Opposition_Coordination_Council|Coordination_Council_(disambiguation)|Coordination_Council_of_Leftist_Forces|Islamic_Development_Coordination_Council en.Wikipedia pageviews over the last 720 days gives Russian Opposition Coordination Council with some quite big bursts of popularity. Make sure you tick the "logarithmic" box. Over the last week the Belarus version has only been about a factor of two more popular than the Russian one. (This is quite impressive given that the Russian one was, according to the current content, dissolved in 2013.)
 * Also, there are all sorts of governmental or advisory type groups called Something Council around the world. In terms of the naturalness criterion, many people are going to remember Something Council from Belarus, without being quite sure if it's called Consultative or Coordination or Popular or Participatory or People's or Democratic. Boud (talk) 08:16, 20 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Belarusian Coordination Council wasn't the primary topic before 2020 because it was founded in 2020. But now, since its founding, it has become the primary topic. We can make Something Council from Belarus a redirect. Levivich harass/hound 08:25, 20 December 2020 (UTC)
 * You cannot usurp a generic term for a single example of its usage. We do not use title General Secretary for General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and so on. Lembit Staan (talk) 17:20, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
 * There are cases of generic words taking on a particular meaning and of brand names becoming genericised. But this is a recent case, and the worldwide usage in English is not so overwhelming that "Coordination Council" immediately signifies "Belarusian opposition". Boud (talk) 19:23, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Well, google search does not overwhelmingly identify "CC" with "BO". Lembit Staan (talk) 23:20, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
 * But our readers do. Levivich harass/hound 08:04, 22 December 2020 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Core membership as of 13 February 2021
you can count the core membership with a command line such as wget -O book https://rada.vision/en/book && grep -o "post_title usg_post_title_1 entry-title..[^>]*" book |sed -e 's/[><]/@/g' |awk -F @ '{print $2}' |wc using normal GNU/Linux bash (Unix shell) commands. The current core member list, per the English-language page of the Council itself, as archived at https://archive.today/8BMl9, is: So right now that's 64 people (some are anonymous, presumably for their own protection, listed as representatives of their factories). That's more than 47. Boud (talk) 17:02, 13 February 2021 (UTC)
 * 1) Natalia Abrashina-Zhadaeva
 * 2) Sviatlana Aleksievich
 * 3) Nadzeya Astapchuk
 * 4) Maksim Bahratsou
 * 5) Andrei Bastunets
 * 6) Pavel Belavus
 * 7) BelAZ
 * 8) BELSHINA
 * 9) Ales Bialiatski
 * 10) Belarusian Steel Works (BMZ)
 * 11) Siarhei Chaly
 * 12) Aliaksandr Dabravolski
 * 13) Pavel Daneika
 * 14) Natalya Dulina
 * 15) Uladzimir Dunaeu
 * 16) Siarhei Dyleuski
 * 17) Svetlana Gatalskaya
 * 18) Alana Gebremariam
 * 19) Denis Gotto
 * 20) Hrodna Azot
 * 21) Yury Hubarevich
 * 22) Yury Hushcha
 * 23) Aliaksandr Jarashuk
 * 24) Maria Kalesnikava
 * 25) Volha Kavalkova
 * 26) Mikalai Kazlou
 * 27) Mikhail Kirilyuk
 * 28) Anzhelika Krashevskaya
 * 29) Vitali Krivko
 * 30) Dzmitry Kruk
 * 31) Andrei Kureichyk
 * 32) Pavel Latushka
 * 33) Yauhen Livyant
 * 34) Kseniya Lutskina
 * 35) Aleg Maisiejew
 * 36) Natalia Makaeva
 * 37) Tatsiana Marinich
 * 38) Valery Matskevich
 * 39) Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ)
 * 40) Yuliya Mitskevich
 * 41) Mozyr Oil Refinery
 * 42) Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (MZKT)
 * 43) JSC NAFTAN
 * 44) Dmitriy Nagaichenko
 * 45) Serzh Navrodsky
 * 46) Dmitry Podolinsky
 * 47) Andrei Porotnikov
 * 48) Uladzimir Pugach
 * 49) Piotr Rudkouski
 * 50) Vital Rymasheuski
 * 51) Mikita Salavei
 * 52) Aliaksei Shchurko
 * 53) Nikolay Shibeko
 * 54) Alexey Shkor
 * 55) Volha Shparaha
 * 56) Mikalai Strekha
 * 57) Yury Stulov
 * 58) Konstantin Titov
 * 59) Vitali Valianuk
 * 60) Liliya Vlasova
 * 61) Tatiana Vodolazhskaya
 * 62) Andrei Yahorau
 * 63) Aksana Zaretskaya
 * 64) Maksim Znak

Council's declaration of an ultimatum
There's no evidence the Council participated somehow in the ultimatum declaration. It was sole initiative of Sviatlana Tikhanovskaya See: here, here

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Pingswan (talk • contribs) 20:05, 13 February 2021 (UTC)

Vlasova - detained? in Belarus or not?
It may be the case that the Coordination Council doesn't wish to state whether Vlasova is still in Belarus or not, for security reasons, though it would be difficult to imagine that she can remain in Belarus without the KGB knowing that. In any case, the best info we have, which we cannot state explicitly, just leave it implicit, is that she's the one member of the Council who is in Belarus and not in prison. For obvious privacy reasons, if she doesn't wish her location to be known, of course Wikipedia will not reveal that location. Boud (talk) 18:53, 27 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Coordination Council (Belarus)


text:
Talk:LPI Linux Certification/Junior Level Linux Professional

Suggestions welcome!

LPIC updated their exam objectives, I am updating TOC to match that. Many pages are renamed or merged to match new structure. Once done I hope to find some time to start updating chapters with up to date information. Jacek99 (discuss • contribs) 22:32, 24 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I created new TOC and moved most of the pages. Some of them are remaining but I do not think they will be used in this part of the book. I am going to create remove old TOC soon leaving small section with redundant pages, I hope content can be reused somewhere else. Jacek99 (discuss • contribs) 21:34, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

I have switched to an alternative. Wikibooks is nice, but the lag is a problem for me. It is better after hardware upgrades and the download page seems to work now. However I was not successful with installing the software locally. The install script would not complete. Instead I have started work on a similar project at http://orca.st.usm.edu/~seyfarth/wiki

If anyone wants to copy any of the orcawiki material to this wikibooks site, that is fine with me. I will probably try to install wikibooks again when another release is available. I could be happy with a wikibook setup with a local copy on orca so I can count on adequate performance.

Ray Seyfarth

Page Merger
I did a history merge, which is better than a copy and paste history. Thanks for remembering to move the history though. In the future, when you need to move modules, use the merge tab at the top of the page. Alternatively, you can ask an admin to do it (ie. if a page already exists at the new location). Thanks! – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 12:30, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks Mike although i have no merge option that i can see?Barry 12:39, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Freudian slip. I wish there was a merge tab! I meant move tab. – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 13:48, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Barry did move the modules. I think Barry was trying to merge two talk pages as part of a plan to reorganize this book. I guess I should of mentioned requesting a page merge when copy+pasting the contents of one page into another one. However this doesn't really work for partial attempts to merge two pages, while keeping the rest separate. --dark lama  14:18, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * This does now pose a question, would you rather i notified the administrators to perform the merge? As the existing pages in the book such as this one LPI_Linux_Certification/LPIC1_Exam_101/Hardware_&_Architecture will need splitting and placing into the new layout. I am only to aware of how busy the admins are. Barry 17:28, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I believe Mike.lifeguard thought you were trying to move a page, and had copy+pasted because you didn't know how to move pages, but what you were trying to do instead was combine two pages. When you plan to combine two pages, you need to copy+paste, because the other page already exists, and add to the page you copy and pasted from, which will allow any active administrators know you need two pages to be merged. A merger is required to preserve the contribution history of other contributors. When you split a page there shouldn't be anything else you need to do. I didn't think that the LPI 101 and 102 test objectives were going to be combined, so I didn't think to tell you what needed to be done when you want you combine two pages. Also since I'm mentioning it, in a more active book with active contributors you would probably want to use  and  and discuss merging the pages first. --dark  lama  18:17, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Open Educational Resources/Historical

Open Educational Resources (OER) are documents, media, software and processes that are useful to teaching, learning, education and assessment, and that are made openly accessible and reusable by anyone for any purpose, free of barriers or restrictions.

To achieve this, OER is typically (but not only) published and distributed through the Internet, in a format that can be freely used and modified, carrying a copyright license that permits free and unrestricted reuse – provided the original author is attributed, and sometimes provided derivatives are republished with the same reusable copyright.

This resource aims to bring some clarity to what OERs are, and how people can use them.

Who
OER has a number of interests, from international agencies like the United Nations, through to individual practitioners who share many of the principles and values. This section highlights some of these interests.

Wikimedia Foundation
By far the largest and most flexible platform for OER is the Wikimedia Foundation, hosting and administering multi lingual and open source sites like Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, Wikibooks, Wikiversity and many others. Wikipedia alone is now the world's 6th most visited website, and the other projects are linked to that in various ways.

UNESCO
UNESCO is a very early proponent of OERs and they are accredited with establishing the phrase OER.

OECD
The OECD published a 147 page report in 2007 called, ''Giving Knowledge for Free. The emergence of open educational resources.''

William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
The Hewlett Foundation has granted hundreds of millions of dollars to open educational development, in California and Internationally, for over 10 years.

OER Foundation
Funded by the Hewlett Foundation and supported by the Commonwealth of Learning, Otago Polytechnic, and Athabasca University, the OER Foundation administers the Wikieducator project and the Open Education Resources University.

Free Software Foundation
The Free Software Foundation supports the use of free software in schools and universities.

Others

 * Peer to Peer University (P2PU)
 * Eliademy offers teachers to crowdsource their online courses.

What
OER has a number of characteristics, benefits, challenges, limitations and opportunities.

Characteristics
OER derives its name from the free software movement – often conflated with the open source software movement. Since 1986 free software has operated around 4 key principles of freedom/openness and in many respects these principles can and do transfer to OER:

 * 1) The freedom to run the program for any purpose.
 * 2) The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.
 * 3) The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor.
 * 4) The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements (and modified versions in general) to the public, so that the whole community benefits.

Practically speaking though, OER has the following characteristics:
 * Freely accessible content, media and resources
 * Freely reusable copyrights and formats
 * Design is considerate of bandwidth and accessibility
 * Freedom and openness as principles in their production and use

Benefits

 * /Accessible/ – in terms of being free of restriction, password access, fee for access, or format limitations, but also in terms of bandwidth minimization, and usable for people with disabilities.
 * Minimal cost – Not only are resources cost-free wherever possible, the medium of their distribution should not presuppose expense in hardware, software or resources. For example, media which requires high bandwidth and large data costs for both the user and provider. Media in formats that require proprietary software or specialist skills to edit and modify, may present software licensing and expertise costs.
 * Reusable and adaptable – The copyright explicitly permits reuse (including republishing, modification, and commercial uses), the format doesn't restrict access or reuse, and very often the resource is editable in-situ – such as a Wikipedia page.

Challenges

 * /Cost-shifting/ – costs are shifted away from the end-consumer, borne by others instead.
 * Consumer relationship – Where openness extends to production process, 'consumers' may become 'producers' and vice-versa.
 * /Copyright/ – Copyright licenses that permit or restrict reuse, derivative productions, or commercial use create a range of challenges for libraries, repositories, producers and consumers.
 * Skills – many aspects of OER demand new and alternative perspectives to 'mainstream' views on content ownership and value, copyright, format and publishing venue. These can become significant challenges to professional development and simply learning about OER.
 * Cultural dominance and globalisation – where OER is primarily produced by educational institutions within industrialised economies, and ones with the most resources for that production. This risks the relegation of people from non-industrialised economies, minor educational institutions, and alternative approaches to education, to the consumption of information less than the production.

Limitations

 * Quality assurance – if anyone can create, adapt and republish an OER, how can we be sure of its quality?
 * Adaptability – as is often the case with teaching, context is a major consideration, and it may often be that a resource isn't immediately suitable, and requires adaptation. This is called a reusablity paradox.
 * Legalities – Many educational institutions claim ownership of the intellectual property created by staff. This can limit the ability of staff to engage if that institution's policy is to also limit publication on outside websites, and with copyrights other than All Rights Reserved. Such a policy can also limit the reuse of OER that requires a Share Alike copyright license be applied.

Opportunities

 * Quality can be improved and costs can be reduced by sharing resources in copy editing, copyright control, media repositories and publishing platforms
 * Increase rapid development of new learning resources and improve development practices locally
 * Publish accessible and adaptable information
 * Expand access to learning and educational services, and achieve wider participation in education
 * Promote fee-based services such as tuition, formal assessment and accreditation
 * Obtain publicity and develop public relations
 * Reduce the costs of maintaining closed, exclusive and restricted access and reuse of resources

History

 * Free and open software
 * Share-able learning object theory
 * Open and Distance Learning meets Free and Open Source Software
 * MIT's Open Courseware Initiative 2001
 * UNESCO coins the phrase 'OER' in 2002
 * The Capetown Declaration 2007
 * More info on Wikipedia article for OER, in the History section

Now

 * The Wikimedia Foundation projects
 * Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)
 * Open access to research
 * Legislation, policies and funding

Future

 * Open educational resources and globalization – a panel discussion problematising OER as being global in outlook, where cultural difference is not yet considered
 * Napster, Udacity and the Academy – Clay Shirky offers an opinion that MOOCs disrupt education in the same way that MP3 disrupted the music industry
 * How 'open' are MOOCs – Clay Shirky questioning the trend to close up MOOCs

How
Because OER is poorly defined to date, there are some traps and pitfalls to watch out for when using OER. Primarily copyright, publishing platform and format are the 3 areas to watch. Many publishers of "OER" restrict reuse via these three areas. They often apply copyrights that restrict to Non-commercial or Non-derivative uses, or they publish on platforms that either technically restrict use (such as Youtube not offering file download features), or they use formats that require proprietary software to access and modify the resource. There are ways around all these issues of course, but they can be time consuming, require skill and software, and ultimately amount to barriers and costs.

If you start with the projects under the Wikimedia Foundation however, this includes Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wikiversity and Wikimedia Commons (as well as several other project spaces), their operating principles require the use of free copyrights, free formats, and obviously using platforms that make it simple to copy and modify works. These project spaces are user generated however, so some caution still needs to be observed in the use of resources found there. In some instances, 3rd party copyrights may not have been properly observed for example. The larger projects like Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons however, have a very large user base and these oversights are usually dealt with quickly. The smaller projects however, have less users participating, and so errors can exist for longer.

How to find and identify OER

 * Wikimedia Commons – User generated images, video, audio, diagrams, graphics and illustrations, in multiple languages, all free for reuse.
 * Wikipedia – User generated encyclopedia reference texts, in multiple languages, including discussion forums on every entry, project portals for subject ranges, and all edit history recorded.
 * Simple English Wikipedia – Similar to Wikipedia, but that articles are written in plain English

 * OER Knowledge Cloud, a UNESCO/COL project. Includes a list of journal articles
 * OER Portals and Gateways
 * OER Repositories
 * OER Commons is one of the largest guides to OER, with over 10,000 resources cataloged, drawn from many other OER sites.
 * Wikiversity's list of open educational resources at other sites

How to contribute OER

 * Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ): Free, full-text, quality-controlled scientific and scholarly journals
 * OER development and publishing initiatives
 * OER Tools

What to look out for

 * Evidence Hub for Open Education at OLnet

How to reuse OER

 * Organizations advocating for open educational practices can provide valuable sources for citation, like this one: http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/members/aps-wikipedia-initiative

Policy for OER

 * OER Policy Registry from Creative Commons
 * Giving Knowledge for Free: The Emergence of Open Educational Resources, 2007. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>125
 * JISC OER impact report – UK-focused qualitative view of the impact of OER on academic staff

 * Blog posts like this one document a variety of open educational practices. We should consider the best way to capture the knowledge expressed in such posts, while keeping in mind that blogs run by individuals are not particularly high quality sources (per WP:RS).

title: Open Educational Resources/Historical


text:
Valerian Dovgalevsky

Valerian Savelievich (Saulovich) Dovgalevsky (23 September 1885 – 14 July 1934) was a member of the Bolshevik revolutionary movement, Soviet statesman, diplomat and People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.

He was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party since 1908 and the French Socialist Party since 1915.

Biography
He participated in the revolutionary movement since 1904. In 1906, he was arrested and sentenced to an eternal settlement. In the spring of 1908 however, he fled abroad.

In July 1917, he returned to Russia and in 1918, he joined the Red Army.
 * 1908–1910 – Secretary of the Bolshevik group in Liège (Belgium);
 * 1911–1914 – Secretary of the Bolshevik group in Toulouse (France);
 * Graduated from the Electrotechnical Institute in Toulouse in 1913.
 * 1919–1920 – in the People's Commissariat of Railways of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic;
 * 1920 – Member of the Commission of the Council of Labor and Defense of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic for the restoration of roads in Siberia and the Urals;
 * 1920 – communications inspector and commissar of the district engineering department in Kiev;
 * 1921–1923 – People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic;
 * 1923–1924 – Deputy People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the Soviet Union;
 * 1924–1927 – Plenipotentiary Representative of the Soviet Union in Sweden;
 * March – October 1927 – Plenipotentiary Representative of the Soviet Union in Japan;
 * 1927–1934 – Plenipotentiary Representative of the Soviet Union in France.

In October 1929, he signed a protocol in London on the restoration of Soviet–British diplomatic relations, which were severed in May 1927. In November 1932, he signed the Soviet–French Non–Aggression Pact. Since 1933, he took part in the work of the conference on disarmament in Geneva.

He died on 14 July 1934, in a clinic near Paris from intestinal cancer. Condolences over his death were expressed by President Albert Lebrun and Foreign Minister Louis Barthou. He was cremated at the Père Lachaise crematorium. The urn with his ashes was delivered by plane to Moscow and buried in the Necropolis Near the Kremlin Wall.

title: Valerian Dovgalevsky


text:
User:Aayush638/sandbox

About kyuta

See friends as you all know that pubg is the one of the most amazing or you can say the most trending game during this time but we all know that It just makes continious increasing in the mb or you can see GB as we know that Pubg first was just of 35 mb but now you can see it become of 2 GB so I for everyone benefits just for you enjoys the game and also save some space and data of your Mobile. So plz if you download plz follow or add me as a friend on the ID Aayush638.

Plz it's my request and yes don't forget to download pubg lite

title: User:Aayush638/sandbox


text:
Slicing Petri nets

Petri net (PN) slicing is a syntactic technique used to reduce a PN model based on a given criterion. Informally, a slicing criterion could be a property for which a PN model is analyzed or is a set of places, transitions, or both. A sliced part constitutes only that part of a PN model that may affect the criteria.

Background
The term slicing was coined by M. Weiser in the context of program debugging. According to Wieser, a program slice is a reduced, executable program that can be obtained from a program P based on the variables of interest and line number by removing statements such that program slicing replicates part of the behavior of the program. The term was later adapted to the context of Petri nets and for other classes of Petri nets such as Algebraic Petri nets.

title: Slicing Petri nets


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chris Hennessy

The result of the debate was delete. Johnleemk | Talk 16:01, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Chris Hennessy
Prod was removed by creator and improperly replaced by anon. moving to AfD instead. Few google hits per prod, true, but was able to confirm that he's a real councilman and that he's really 21. See Google results. Ordinarily, a Bay City councilman would be nn. Does that fact that Chris was elected at 20 change that? You decide. For my money, it's Keep - the.crazy.russian (T) (C) (E)  01:29, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep per nom, local political figure. Roy  boy cr ash  fan  [[Image:Flag_of_Texas.svg|30px]] 01:36, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep, being the youngest elected official in the county seems to make him notable enough -- T B C [[Image:Confused-tpvgames.gif|18px|]] ???  ???   ??? 01:45, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete. Have the distinction of "youngest elected official in the county" doesn't give Hennessy international notability; Wikipedia is not a county-wide encyclopedia.  In my view, Hennessy is exaclty as notable as any other Bay City councilman - which is not notable enough for a Wikipedia entry.  --Hyperbole 02:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete NN. Every few years some teenager gets elected to something, somewhere, and makes the news for a few days. He's the youngest elected official in some rural county in Michigan? Don't see that it qualifies as notable. Fan1967 03:43, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per Hyperbole and Fan-1967. Joe 03:53, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Doesn't appear to have passed guidelines for inclusion of humans, delete unless more evidence presented. brenneman  {L}  05:27, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep minor minor notability.Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 05:40, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete; a local politician does not meet WP:BIO, regardless of how much of an issue age might be... and if the county charter simply says that there's no minimum age, then it really isn't much of one. (Similarly, I know college students who have been elected aldermen in New Haven, and I doubt that any of them are worthy of inclusion, even the youngest one). In other words, the youngest person to do something non-notable is still non-notable.-- Kinu t /c  07:16, 21 March 2006 (UTC), amended 06:35, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per Fan1967. Feezo (Talk) 07:27, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete. Being a city official is not enough. Being the youngest such in some district is not enough either. - Andre Engels 08:56, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete. Being young just gives him more time to achieve something notable in the future, it doesn't make him notable in itself. Average Earthman 09:40, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete. Hayley Wain is a 20 year old (18 at time of last election) councillor in Wellington.  She doesn't deserve an article.  And neither does this guy.  Think of the precedent set ("Well, sixty-six is passed retirement age, so that must be notable" etc etc).  --Midnighttonight 10:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep, this article asserts some notability in some way. --Ter e nce Ong 13:50, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete Taking others word for it that councilmen are nn (I'm not familiar with the US local political system; the average Brit councillor would be nn for sure) the only question remaining is "does his age make him any extra notable?". My answer - certainly not. He's a young adult, he got elected, so what. Terence, what is this notability assertion you speak of and how does it affect an AFD debate? Sure, he's not a CSD A7 because there's some assertion, but beyond that the notability is what we're here to decide. Have I missed something? Or is he just a young fella that got a local council seat? What's your rationale that he's notable enough to be in an international encylopedia? --kingboyk 16:25, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete doesn't seem notable enough. Oliver Keenan 20:45, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per WP:BIO... plus nothing good has ever come out of Bay City, Michigan: Madonna, Annie Edson Taylor, John List, & Isotope23 being just a few examples of the miscreants that place has produced.--Isotope23 20:51, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * ... not to mention that it inspired the name of Bay City Rollers. Fan1967 03:55, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete, very amusing. NN. ProhibitOnions 21:02, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, just not notable enough Gflores Talk 06:31, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak keep: Clearly, someone has to be the youngest, so that much is unremarkable. Then again, Wikipedia is not paper. Peter Grey 06:31, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak DeleteCurrently not notable. --Soumyasch 06:34, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete Someone always has to be the youngest. Chairman S.  Talk  06:45, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep Expand please --DragonWR12LB 07:01, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Smerge with John D. Cherry. -Colin Kimbrell 13:22, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Keep because he's related to John Cherry. -- JJay 22:27, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete "youngest in county history" isn't quite enough to cross the notability threshold.  OhNo itsJamie Talk 22:53, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * weak keep for now. But can we get a notice on the talk page proposing it for future reconsideration of deletion?  JeffBurdges 04:20, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per WP:BIO. He's just a minor local politician.  Why would we want to keep it now and delete it later?!  Friday (talk) 20:38, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, your right, if he ever get an article for another reason, such as being a less minor politician, then I'm sure some admin will see the old deleted version, and include that information. So abstain.  JeffBurdges 15:49, 26 March 2006 (UTC)


text:
Talk:National Register of Historic Places listings in Philadelphia

Reorganizing into geographical areas of the city
As I just commented at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject National Register of Historic Places, I believe that this Philadelphia NRHP list should be reorganized into geographical districts rather than split into overlapping alphabetical "divisions".

As noted by Nyttend, there are geo districts very well defined at [this Philadelphia neighborhoods page].

I think that the way to proceed is to create smaller list articles: and to split the big list-table into those 11. Perhaps that name list needs to be refined. Who knows Philadelphia at all, to help with some rough, imperfect division into those rough areas? I could do it using Google maps but it would take me longer. Comments? doncram (talk) 16:57, 5 January 2009 (UTC)
 * 1) NRHP listings in Far Northeast, Philadelphia
 * 2) NRHP listings in Lower Northeast, Philadelphia
 * 3) NRHP listings in Center City, Philadelphia
 * 4) NRHP listings in South, Philadelphia
 * 5) NRHP listings in South West, Philadelphia
 * 6) NRHP listings in West, Philadelphia
 * 7) NRHP listings in North, Philadelphia
 * 8) NRHP listings in Upper North, Philadelphia
 * 9) NRHP listings in North West, Philadelphia
 * 10) NRHP listings in Oak Lane, Philadelphia
 * 11) NRHP listings in Frankford/Kensington, Philadelphia

 * I just took a look at that UPenn site, and the map there is wrong. A better reference is the List of Philadelphia neighborhoods article here in wikipedia.--BillFlis (talk) 18:13, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I believe I found a better map on page 21 of this PDF. -- D.B. talk • contribs 18:43, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I think you'll find a disproportionate number (I'd guess a third to a half) of NRHPs in Center City, Philadelphia, which contains all of William Penn's original city. Of the 64 NHLs in Philadelphia, at least 37 are in CC. If you're going to go geo, I think a better grouping would be the seven broader divisions you'll find in the template at the bottom of the CC article:

--BillFlis (talk) 20:51, 5 January 2009 (UTC) (Philly native)
 * 1) NRHP listings in Northeast Philadelphia (includes Lower and Upper Northeast, Frankford, Kensington)
 * 2) NRHP listings in Center City, Philadelphia
 * 3) NRHP listings in South Philadelphia
 * 4) NRHP listings in Southwest Philadelphia
 * 5) NRHP listings in West Philadelphia
 * 6) NRHP listings in North Philadelphia (includes North, Upper North, Oak Lane)
 * 7) NRHP listings in Northwest Philadelphia
 * Okay, and i notice u revised the Center City neighborhood name to be better, relative to how it was proposed in other discussion. doncram (talk) 05:00, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Okay, how about just beginning to classify the listings in their current alphabetically-organized tables. I added a column for neighborhood into National Register of Historic Places listings in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, A-E and began identifying neighborhoods for a few.  It's harder for a non-local to do this, especially as the only official neighborhood maps i know of (linked in reference i added) don't allow zoom in for detail on defining edges.  But maybe it is enough for others to classify them, all at once or over time.  Then eventually the lists could be reorganized into geo groupings. doncram (talk) 11:13, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm adding neighborhoods to Pittsburgh currently or I'd help. I was, however, able to draw the borders into Google Earth and was able to export it, if you would like the file. I believe the borders are fairly accurate and should make it easier. -- D.B. talk • contribs 18:04, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm working on identifying neighborhoods in the Baltimore list, where there's just pugdog and me. It's a bit shorter, and the maps for its 9 districts are easier to read, so maybe i can get it categorized without that tool, which i don't know how to begin to use.  By all means, if someone else would please go ahead and do the district identifications in this Philly list using DTB's method, that would be great.  By the way, it seems strategic to focus on identifying neighborhoods for all NRHPs outside of the central district.  After the non-central ones are moved out to separate list-articles, it will be easy to recheck the google map and verify that all those remaining are in the central district, and/or kick out any stragglers. doncram (talk) 01:55, 10 January 2009 (UTC)

how many and what are names of official planning districts anyhow?
Compare this Version with 11 districts including Frankford/Kensington vs. the one pictured at right. Are there 11 or 12 planning districts? Depends if Northwest is one, or if there are 2: Roxborough/Manayunk vs. Germantown/Chestnut Hill. Also, is one named Kensington or is that named Frankford/Kensington (or should it be called Greater Kensington as used in List of Philadelphia neighborhoods)? doncram (talk) 19:05, 8 January 2009 (UTC) Superscript text
 * The 12-district version map is by the city's official planning commission, and judging by the other maps that they have (lots of official boundaries), I'm guessing that this is the official layout. Not to say that the idea of "neighborhoods" is bad, but if we want to divide by the city's official districts, we really need to go with the 12-district version map from philaplanning.org.  Nyttend (talk) 19:41, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Okay, yes, drilling down from http://www.philaplanning.org's map section at left, you can get to this map of 12 "Planning Analysis Sections" of the city, which line up with image at right. That map doesn't state the names of the sections though. doncram (talk) 20:02, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I posted a link to a PDF from the planning commission in the discussion above. Page 21 of that document has a really nice map with labels and the names of streets the make up the borders. -- D.B. talk • contribs 20:12, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Okay, yes, that is very good, that p. 21 map should do pretty well for identifying the boundaries. The PDF is 14MB, takes a few minutes to download.  It gives "Bridesburg, Kensington, Richmond" as the name of that one district. doncram (talk) 20:18, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * We should emphasize here that we're using the Planning Commission's defs of the neighborhoods, because, for example, this "Kensington" (which I might call "Greater Kensington") doesn't match up with Kensington, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Possibly the same is true for Center City Philadelphia, which gives two possible northern boundary streets.--BillFlis (talk) 21:05, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree then that neither "Kensington" nor "Greater Kensington" should be used. Perhaps our district label for that one should be "B,K,S" or "Kensington PAS" with a wikilink to a new article on the Bridesburg, Kensington, Richmond Planning Analysis Section of Philadelphia, or, perhaps better, to a "B, K, S" section in a new article on the "Planning districts of Philadelphia".  There is 1990 and 2000 population data and other info available on each of those PAS districts.  The article could have a section for each district and include the population info and describe the borders, for a start.  How about that? doncram (talk) 23:08, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure that we have as much of a conflict as (if I understand you rightly) some of you are thinking — are these districts really official neighborhoods? It seems that they've borrowed the names of neighborhoods to describe districts that are created for statistical and probably other reasons — almost like the city's version of census-designated places.  Am I correct, BillFlis?  Do the districts have any power?  Do these district boundaries have any significance in average daily life?  You know, there are some times when I wish I'd travelled more, so I wasn't so clueless about so many places...:-)  Nyttend (talk) 23:49, 8 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I didn't see any conflict at all. BillFlis is definitely right that the districts used for partition and/or display in a location column should be very clearly identified as being what they are.  I defer to those with more local expertise to choose what the labels for districts should be.  And perhaps the one district could be called simply "Kensington" after all, especially if each usage is wikilinked to an article that defines it.  Anyhow, i'll pretty much opt out now as there seems to be plenty of expertise here.  Enjoy. doncram (talk) 01:55, 10 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I have edited my previous post suggesting 7 "districts" to show that they already have wikiarticles.--BillFlis (talk) 13:07, 10 January 2009 (UTC)

If there are no objections, I liked to start marking off which one of 7 district (and possibly neighborhood) that each site is in. -- D.B. talk • contribs 17:47, 10 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I hope you would please go ahead with that, if you are still willing. I'd be happy to help rearrange the material into the 7 area articles, once you've identified the neighborhood for most of them. List of RHPs in Baltimore got finished well enough for now, already, by the way. doncram (talk) 08:02, 23 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I've sorta started doing them offline (in Notepad) and I can, if you want, start the lists with what I have done already. -- D.B. talk • contribs 15:17, 23 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I've been adding the districts to the (alphabetically sorted) articles here in wikipedia. Please don't discard my work!--BillFlis (talk) 16:23, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

Requested move 23 November 2016

The result of the move request was: Moved Fuortu (talk) 11:27, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

– Per WP:USPLACE. These are unambiguous. I made an exhaustive search of Wikipedia articles, and the "city, state," convention is almost entirely exclusive to WikiProject NRHP and disambiguation pages. Categories have also recently stopped using them. The city, state, convention is also by no means uniformly followed: See NRHP listing in Chicago, Baltimore, St. Louis. Mark Schierbecker (talk) 06:06, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania → National Register of Historic Places listings in Philadelphia
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston, Massachusetts → National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts → National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Cincinnati, Ohio → National Register of Historic Places listings in Cincinnati
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in eastern Cincinnati, Ohio → National Register of Historic Places listings in eastern Cincinnati
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Cleveland, Ohio → National Register of Historic Places listings in Cleveland
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in western Cincinnati, Ohio → National Register of Historic Places listings in western Cincinnati
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio → National Register of Historic Places listings in downtown Cincinnati
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit, Michigan → National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Midtown Detroit, Michigan → National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Midtown Detroit
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Denver, Colorado → National Register of Historic Places listings in Denver
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown Denver, Colorado → National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown Denver
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Southeast Denver, Colorado → National Register of Historic Places listings in Southeast Denver
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Northeast Denver, Colorado → National Register of Historic Places listings in Northeast Denver
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in West Denver, Colorado → National Register of Historic Places listings in West Denver
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Los Angeles, California → National Register of Historic Places listings in Los Angeles
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami, Florida → National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Milwaukee, Wisconsin → National Register of Historic Places listings in Milwaukee
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Phoenix, Arizona → National Register of Historic Places listings in Phoenix
 * List of historic properties in Phoenix, Arizona → List of historic properties in Phoenix
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis, Missouri → National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Salt Lake City, Utah → National Register of Historic Places listings in Salt Lake City
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco, California → National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco
 * National Register of Historic Places listings in Seattle, Washington → National Register of Historic Places listings in Seattle

 * Support Seems like a no-brainer to me, although there may be a reason to keep as is that I'm not aware of. I will add a notice at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject National Register of Historic Places to see what the NRHP project folks think. Andrew Jameson (talk) 11:24, 23 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Rename all, remove excessive disambiguation and match main articles. "in Phoenix" does not need disambiguation the way "Phoenix" alone does. Timrollpickering 12:07, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose - we most certainly do need disambiguation. There are at least 5 Philadelphias in various US states... so the reader needs to be told which Philadelphia (etc) our list is discussing. Blueboar (talk) 12:16, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * In general, this whole affair looks like yet another example of "busy work" and not exactly something that's going to move the encyclopedia forward. Specifically, common sense tells me that Philadelphia, Mississippi doesn't have a large number of NRHP listings necessitating a separate list versus Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and that we're going to unduly confuse people by doing this (in fact, Neshoba County doesn't even have its own list, but rather it's a section of the Mississippi state list). RadioKAOS / Talk to me, Billy / Transmissions  11:40, 24 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Support. All of the cities listed are the primary topics for their name, and are the exceptions listed at WP:USPLACE for requiring a state name in their article title. With categories dropping state names, it only seems right to do it here per WP:CONSISTENCY. Nohomersryan (talk) 19:01, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Support. It makes sense to rename these to match the main articles and the categories. I don't see a good reason to have these lists follow a different standard than everything else, and this isn't the place to re-litigate the discussion that led to the categories being renamed (or USPLACE in general). TheCatalyst31 Reaction•Creation 20:52, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Support per nom, as well as avoiding overprecision per WP:PRECISE and WP:CONCISE. Station1 (talk) 05:31, 24 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Support per WP:CONCISE.  Calidum   ¤   03:42, 25 November 2016 (UTC)


text:
Hank

Hank is a male given name. It may have been inspired by the Dutch name Henk, itself a short form of Hendrik and thus related to Harry & Harvey.

Given name or nickname

 * Hank Aaron (1934-2021), Hall of Fame baseball player
 * Hank Aguirre (1931–1994), Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Hank Allen (born 1940), Major League Baseball outfielder
 * Hank Anderson (1920–2005), American college basketball coach
 * Hank Azaria (born 1964), American actor, director, voice actor and comedian best known for his voice work on The Simpsons
 * Hank Ballard (1927–2003), American R&B singer and songwriter, born John Henry Kendricks
 * Hank Bauer (1922–2007), American Major League Baseball right fielder and manager
 * Hank Bauer (American football) (born 1954), National Football League running back and television and radio broadcaster
 * Hank Biasatti (1922–1996), Italian-Canadian baseball and basketball player
 * Hank Blalock (born 1980), Major League Baseball player
 * Hank Borowy (1916–2004), Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Hank Brown (born 1940), American retired politician and former senator from Colorado
 * Hank Brown (American football), American college football player
 * Hank Burnine (1932–2020), American National Football League player
 * Hank Earl Carr (1968–1998), American convicted criminal who committed suicide
 * Hank Cochran (1935–2010), American country music singer and songwriter
 * Harry "Hank" Feldman (1919–1962), Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Hank Garland (1930–2004), American studio musician
 * Hank Gathers (1967–1990), basketball player
 * Hank Green (born 1980), video blogger
 * Hank Goldup (1918–2008), Canadian National Hockey League player
 * Hank Greenberg (1911–1986), Hall-of-Fame Major League Baseball player
 * Hank Johnson (born 1954), U.S. Representative from Georgia
 * Hank Johnson (baseball) (1906–1982), American Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Hank Jones (1918–2010), American jazz pianist, bandleader, arranger, and composer
 * Henry Iba (1904–1993), American Hall-of-Fame college basketball head coach
 * Hank Ketcham (1920–2001), American cartoonist who created Dennis the Menace
 * Hank Ketcham (American football) (1891–1986), American college football player
 * Hank Kuehne (born 1975), American former professional golfer
 * Hank Locklin (1918–2009), American country music singer and songwriter
 * Hank Marvin, English musician, singer and songwriter born Brian Robson Rankin in 1941
 * Hank Mobley (1930–1986), American hard bop and soul jazz saxophonist and composer
 * Hank Norberg (1920–1974), American football player
 * Hank Nowak (born 1950), Canadian National Hockey League player
 * Henry Paulson (born 1946), former Secretary of the Treasury
 * Hank Pfister (born 1953), American retired tennis player
 * Hank Sauer (1917–2001), Major League Baseball player
 * Henrik Sedin (born 1980), Swedish National Hockey League player
 * Hank Snow (1914–1999), Canadian-American country music artist and songwriter
 * Hank Stackpole (1935–2020), retired United States Marine Corps lieutenant general
 * Hank Steinbrenner (1957–2020), part-owner of the New York Yankees
 * Hank Stram (1923–2005), American National Football League head coach
 * Hank Thompson (baseball) (1925–1969), baseball player in the Negro leagues and Major League Baseball
 * Hank Thompson (musician) (1925–2007), American country music singer and songwriter
 * Hank Wangford (born 1940), English country musician and psychiatrist
 * Hank Williams (1923–1953), American country music singer, songwriter and musician
 * Hank Williams Jr. (born 1949), American country music singer, songwriter and musician, son of Hank Williams
 * Hank Williams III (born 1972), American musician and singer, son of Hank Williams Jr.
 * Hank Worden (1901–1992), American actor born Norton Earl Worden
 * Henrik Zetterberg (born 1980), National Hockey League player from Sweden
 * Henrik Lundqvist (born 1982) National Hockey League player from Sweden
 * Hank (dog), a dog rescued by the Milwaukee Brewers named after Hank Aaron
 * Hank the Angry Drunken Dwarf, a nickname of entertainer Henry Joseph Nasiff Jr.

Surname

 * Carlos Hank González (1927–2001), Mexican politician and businessman
 * Carlos Hank González (businessman, born 1971) (born 1971), Mexican businessman
 * Carlos Hank Rhon, Mexican businessman
 * Jorge Hank Rhon (born 1956), Mexican businessman and former municipal president of Tijuana
 * William Hank (1902–1942), World War II US Navy officer

Fictional characters

 * Hank Anderson, a character in the game Detroit: Become Human
 * Hank Dearborn, protagonist of the 1965 TV series Hank
 * Hank Gannon, from the soap opera One Life to Live
 * Hank Hall, a DC Comics character
 * Hank Henshaw, DC Comics villain
 * Hank Thunderman, from the tv show, The Thundermans
 * Hank, from the 2003 film Cheaper by the Dozen
 * Hank Hill, protagonist of the animated TV series King of the Hill
 * Hank Jennings, from the TV show Twin Peaks
 * Hank Lawson, protagonist of TV series Royal Pains
 * Hank McCoy, a superhero, The Beast, from the Marvel comic series "X-Men"
 * Hank Moody, protagonist of the TV series Californication
 * Hank Morgan, the Yankee in Mark Twain's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
 * Hank Pym (aka Ant-Man, Giant-Man, Goliath, and Yellowjacket), fictional character in the Marvel Universe
 * Hank Rearden, a central character in the novel Atlas Shrugged
 * Hank Schrader, from the TV show Breaking Bad
 * Hank Venture, fictional character in The Venture Bros.
 * Hank Voight, police sergeant in Chicago P.D.
 * Hank Zipzer, fictional character from the TV series Hank Zipzer
 * Talking Hank, one of the main characters of Talking Tom and Friends
 * Hank, main character in the Hank the Cowdog series of children's novels
 * Hank, one of the two beavers in Pajanimals
 * Hank, a giant Pacific octopus with a missing tentacle in the 2016 Disney/Pixar animated film Finding Dory
 * Hank the American Engine, one of the characters in the twelfth series of Thomas and Friends
 * Hank, the younger half brother of the titular character in The Bed and Breakfast Star by Jacqueline Wilson
 * Hank, an epic brawler from the mobile game Brawl Stars developed by Supercell

title: Hank


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/rabota-evropa.com

Links

 * rabota-evropa.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 3 additions.


text:
User:BearerofBadNews

The Bearer of Bad News' public announcement:

Naive tailgators are advised not to approach the bearer of bad news. Feel free to ask questions if you dare to hear the truth.

title: User:BearerofBadNews


text:
User:Vuara/Phoenician Origin of the Celts

Phoenician Origin of the Celts?

 * http://www.phoenicia.org/letters.html#scots

Note: The excerpts and conclusions which are herewith provided are mere speculations. They are kindly presented by a scholar who wishes to remain anonymous. The author/compiler of this Web site presents them for your consideration. They do not necessarily represent his opinion even when he is open to higher criticism.

There are contradictory leads regarding the 'Celtic connection' to the Phoenicians, and they need to be considered as mere leads even when they may seem confusing to individuals who are already familiar with contradictory leads. There seems to be an ongoing debate, among the experts, regarding the origins and definition of the 'Celts'. Therefore, it is imperative to examine what is herewith presented in this light. Are the Phoenicians and Celts related? The Phoenicians and the Celts may have originated in the Indus Valley, and also the Knossus Civilization of Crete, circa 2600 BC, plus perhaps the Sumerians, who came by sea to Sumer around 3800 BC. Or... perhaps the Phoenician, but NOT the original "Celts" were from the Indus Valley, and today's Celts are actually a mixture of the Phoenicians plus a "pre-Celtic" group. This and many other related questions remain open.

The following information asserts the above idea and excerpts are presented for debate.

"Today a complete unanimity of opinion among physical anthropologists that the term Celt, if used at all, belongs to the brachycephalic (round headed) darkish population of the Alpine (Swiss) highlands..... totally lacking in the British Isles." -- W.Z. Ripley, Races of Europe. 124, 126, 305.

"....scientific anthropologists and classic historians have proved that the "Celts" of history were the non-Aryan, round-headed, darkish small statured race of south Germany and Switzerland, and that the "Celts" properly so called are "totally lacking in the British Isles." Thus, to speak as is so commonly done, of "Celtic ancestry," the "Celtic "temperament," and "Celtic fire" amongst any section of the natives of these islands, is, according to anthropologists merely imagination. "The term "Celt" or "Celt" is entirely unknown as the designation of any race or racial element of language in the British Isles, until arbitrarily introduced there a few generations ago. Nor does the name even exist in the so-called "Celtic" languages, the Gaelic, Welsh and Irish. It is, on the contrary, the classic Greek and Latin title of a totally different race of a totally different physical type from that of the British Isles, and that the word was only produced there by unscientific phlogistic and ethnologists some decades ago...." -- L.A. Waddell, "Phoenician origin of Britons, Scots and Anglo-Saxons", p 127f.

"It will thus be noticed that this "Celtic" area corresponds generally in Scotland with the area in which the "Picts" suddenly disappeared, and in whose place have suddenly appeared the people called "Celts". In Ireland also the "Celtic" area generally corresponds with that part of the country specially associated with the Bans, Van or Early Feins, who, we have found, were Picts. "This new line of evidence leads us to the conclusion that the early "Celts" or "Kelts" were presumably the early Picts calling themselves "Khaldis" or "Khaltis". They were a primitive people, who, I find from a mass of evidence, were early "Chaldees" or Galat (1) and "Gal (2)" of Van and Eastern Asia Minor and Mesopotamia in the Stone Age." -- L.A. Waddell, "Phoenician origin of Britons, Scots and Anglo- Saxons", p. 139.

History tells us that England was settled by the Phoenicians who sailed to England to mine the tin. The Phoenicians invaded England in 1103 BC and when they arrived they found England to be inhabited by the Picts. Picts were a small people and were considered aborigines. Over a period of time the Phoenicians were assimilated. Today the small descendants of this intermarriage between the Picts and the Phoenicians have been incorrectly termed Celts.

".......the daring Phoenician pioneers were not Semites as hitherto supposed, but were Aryans in Race, Speech and Script. They were, besides, disclosed to be the lineal blood ancestors of the Britons and Scots -- properly so-called, that is, as opposed to the aboriginal, dark Non-Aryan people of Albion, Caledonia, Hibernia, the dusky small-statured Picts and kindred "Iberian" tribes. -- p. vi of "The Phoenician Origin of Britons, Scots and Anglo-Saxons" (1924)

It is incorrect to say "British royalty". The royal line is English. (The latter statement is severely disputed in a letter to the editor, please follow this link to the related page where the counter argument is profusely presented). The English are Anglo-Saxons from Germany. They came to England about the 5th Century. The British are descendants of the Britons from Phoenicia.

Note: Please do not address e-mail messages to the addresses herewith provided because the author/compiler has no opinion on this subject yet published this for your consideration and higher criticism.


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Apply web authoring tool to convert client data for websites

From the official document:
 * "This unit defines the competency required to use web development software to create website content. The unit is designed to use a web authoring tool to convert text and images to appropriate web protocols."

Basically, that means ... (translate above into plain english)

You can read more about this unit on the National Training Information Systems Official document for ICAU4207A.

This unit forms part of the following qualifications:
 * Cert IV Websites Qualification in Australia

How this unit will help you
After learning and applying the skills required by this unit you'll be able to demonstrate your skills in:

 * translate the above elements and performance criteria into plain english and summarise here...

Heading text
=====
 * 1) REDIRECT Target page name

Ideas for demonstrating this unit
The best way to demonstrate these skills is ...

Where modules like HTML and CSS are part of the course it would be beneficial to add the following to this module to avoid duplication of skills and knowledge.

 * 1) Discuss the need for conversion of Data to suit web pages.
 * 2) Using Adobe Acrobat to convert to and from various file formats, e.g. html to pdf etc.
 * 3) Resizing images to a lower resolution and web page requirement.
 * 4) Creating and using .png files.
 * 5) Using Adobe Media Encoder to convert and skin native files to .flv.
 * 6) Use .swf files in Dreamweaver and set Wmode to transparent.
 * 7) Editing and converting various sound files, for web compatibility.
 * 8) Scan print to digital format using OCR programs.

This list can be modified with other techniques. Let us know about your thoughts.

TD Hornsby tafe.

Grading
If you are demonstrating this unit as part of a formal course, you might find that the unit is graded (meaning you can not only demonstrate your competence, but can also gain a credit or distinction). Your facilitator may already have set criteria that your college uses. If not, here are some ideas for possible credit/distinction activities that you can discuss with your facilitator:


text:
Root Finding in one Dimension

Summary
This course belongs to the track Numerical Algorithms in the Department of Scientific Computing in the School of Computer Science.

In this course, students will learn how to solve problems of the type $$f(x)=0\,\;$$ numerically. Convergence rates, termination criteria and implementation details are discussed.

Introduction

 * Why do we want to solve $$f(x)=0\,\;$$?
 * Why do we want to solve it numerically?
 * Formal definition of the problem.
 * Maybe a bit of history?

Binomial Search

 * Derivation
 * The Algorithm
 * Convergence

Secant Method

 * Derivation
 * The Algorithm
 * Convergence
 * Iterative form

Iterative Methods

 * $$x_{n+1} = F(x_n)\,\;$$
 * Convergence rates

Newton's Method

 * Derivation
 * The Algorithm
 * Convergence

Halley's Method

 * Derivation
 * The Algorithm
 * Convergence
 * Generalization

title: Root Finding in one Dimension


text:
Seyfabad, Nishapur

Seyfabad (, also Romanized as Seyfābād) is a village in Mazul Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 91, in 26 families.

title: Seyfabad, Nishapur


text:
US States/North Carolina/Facts and information

North Carolina is a state in the Southeastern United states. It was one of the original thirteen colonies and now borders Virginia, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Georgia.

Size: 52,669 square miles (28th in country)

Nickname: Tar Heel State -- the origin is clothed in mystery, but it probably evolved from the fact that during the Colonial period, the colony’s chief exports were tar, pitch and turpentine.

Origin of Name: North Carolina is named in honor of King Charles I of England, from the Latin “Carolus.”

Song: “The Old North State” by Judge William Gaston

Rock: Granite

"State Bird": Cardinal

"Highest point": Mt. Mitchell-6684'above sea level

Vegetable: Sweet Potato

• The oldest town in the state is Bath, incorporated in 1705.

• On January 15, 1795, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill was the first state university in the country to open its doors for students.

• The first silver mine in the country was the Silver Hill Mine, which opened in 1833 about 10 miles from Lexington.

• Putt-Putt Golf(also known as mini golf) was invented in Fayetteville.

• The first forestry school in the United States was established in Transylvania County in 1898 by Dr. Carl A. Schenck.

• The first abbey cathedral in North America was Belmont Abbey – located in Belmont, North Carolina – established by a papal edict in 1910.

• Babe Ruth hit his first professional home run in Fayetteville on March 7, 1914.

• The Tar Heel State has more paved miles of road than any other state in the United States – over 78,000 miles.

• The first state-supported institution to emphasize the performing arts was the North Carolina School of the Arts in Winston-Salem.

• Millions of years ago, the area was home to 50-foot-long alligators, and huge megalodon sharks roamed the waters.

• The New River, which runs through Ashe County, is the oldest river in North America and second oldest in the world.

• More than 120 species of trees are found in North Carolina – more than can be found from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean.

• North Carolina boasts more than 200 waterfalls, including the highest on the East Coast: the 411-foot-high, two-tiered Whitewater Falls in Transylvania County.

• North Carolina has 1,500 lakes 10 acres or more in size and 37,000 miles of fresh water streams.

• There are more than 1.2 million acres of national forest land in the Tar Heel State.

• Blackbeard, America’s most famous pirate, established a residence and married his 14th wife in Bath, NC, in 1718.

• At around 500 million years old, the North Carolina Uwharrie Mountains are the oldest in the nation and among the oldest in the world.

• Cape Hatteras lighthouse, built of brick in 1870, is 208 feet tall, making it the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States. It is said that North Carolina is a "valley of humility between two mountains of conceit".


text:
Talk:Jewish views on lying

Notablility, essayish?
Hmmm. I do have concerns whether this topic meets WP:GNG and doesn't fall afoul of WP:ESSAY... thoughts? --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 04:28, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * There are similar articles already on Christian and Muslim views on lying (taqiya). I do think the subject meets GNG, based on multiple reliable sources that discuss the subject. If you have any specific suggestions for improvement, please let me know... (t · c)  buidhe  02:19, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

Bava Metzia
Three exceptions: Numbers 2 and 3 seem self-explanatory, but number 1 does not. I think the article would benefit from an explanation as to why it is permissible for a Jew to lie about being familiar with a part of the Talmud. Joefromrandb (talk) 16:22, 15 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Done Ar2332 (talk) 08:27, 16 September 2020 (UTC)

Keeping regular user in mind: link to Bible passage and English before Hebrew
Immediate links to the actual biblical text is always needed and readily available, no need to force users to do additional searches. There are a few Wiki articles offering the actual verses in an easily visible position, in those (few) cases a wikilink does the trick, but most don't.

Also, I have the vague impression that a majority of potential users of English Wikipedia might not be practicing Jews :))), therefore I would suggest that generally, when the topic is a particular Bible verse shared by Jews AND Christians, the Bible passage is of interest, not (just) the parasha & discussion in Judaism.

The English term should always be presented first on English Wikipedia, it's the norm and a logical one. As much as not everybody looking up Islamic terms shouldn't be automatically "educated" in Arabic, or even much more so, as the Hebrew Bible also works as the Christian New Testament. Everything else, I may suggest, is sectarianism and cultural missionising - or isolationism.

Thank you, have a great day, and happy holidays Arminden (talk) 10:36, 22 September 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jewish views on lying


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Alexandrovka, Kalmansky District, Altai Krai

Alexandrovka (Александровка) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Novoromanovsky Selsoviet, Kalmansky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 159 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Alexandrovka is located 20 km northwest of Kalmanka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novoromanovo is the nearest rural locality.