text:
ICFAI Business School Hyderabad

The ICFAI Business School Hyderabad (IBS Hyderabad) is a business school in India. It was founded in 1995 and is located in Dontanapalli, Shankarpally Road, Hyderabad.

IBS Hyderabad is a constituent of the ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education (IFHE), a Deemed-to-be-University as per the UGC Act 1956. IBS Hyderabad is accredited by Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) in 2020.

History
IBS Hyderabad was established in 1995. It is promoted by the ICFAI Group. Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India (ICFAI) is a not-for-profit educational society founded by N.J. Yasaswy, Besant C. Raj and Dr. Prasanna Chandra in the year 1984. After the establishment of IFHE in 2008, IBS Hyderabad became its first constituent.

Programs
The major programs offered at IBS Hyderabad are MBA, PhD and BBA. As of 2020, it is also the only institution in India that is offering AACSB-accredited programs at the undergraduate, post graduate and doctoral levels. IBS Hyderabad also offers a number of certificate courses in Management. ICFAI Business School (IBS) offered scholarship program worth 10 crores to students.

IBS campuses located at Hyderabad, Bangalore are part of IFHE (Deemed-to-be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956) Dehradun and Jaipur are part of ICFAI Universities (State private university) and offer two year full-time Masters in Business Administration (MBA) programs.

IBS campuses located at Ahmedabad, Gurgaon, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune offer a two year full-time Postgraduate Program in Management(PGPM). The Program prepares the students and equip them for successful corporate careers. These campuses are independent professional institutions and are neither affiliated to nor are off-campus centers of any University.

Admission Procedure

The candidates seeking admission to MBA/PGPM Program at any of the 9 IBS Campuses have to appear for IBSAT 2023.

IBSAT 2023:

The admissions for the MBA/PGPM and PhD programs are based on IBSAT 2023, Group Discussion & Interview.

 * Test Window - 4th week of December, 2023
 * Two hour Computer Based Test (CBT)
 * Group discussion/Personal Interview during February/ March 2024.

Eligibility:

 * Graduation in any discipline with minimum 50% marks and medium of instruction as English.
 * All applicants should have completed a minimum of 15 years of regular education( on 10+2+3 or 10+2+4 basis).

IBS Case Research Center
IBS Hyderabad has adopted the case method of pedagogy. The IBS Case Research Center is a center of excellence at the institution. Led by Debapratim Purkayastha, the center has developed more than 6,500 case studies that are used in leading schools across the world. The center has a number of bestselling cases and regularly wins awards in international competitions. In 2020, number of bestselling cases from IBS was next only to that of Harvard Business School. In terms of awards won at The Case Centre since 2011, IBS Hyderabad was next only to Harvard Business School and INSEAD.

Accreditation and ranking
ICFAI Business School (IBS), Hyderabad is accredited by the prestigious Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). AACSB accreditation is globally synonymous with the highest standards of achievement for business schools. Less than 5% of business schools worldwide have met the rigorous standards for this significant achievement.

IBS Hyderabad is also SAQS (South Asian Quality Assurance System) accredited, an accreditation conferred by The Association of Management Development Institutions in South Asia (AMDISA), since 2006.

The faculty of Management of IFHE, i.e. IBS Hyderabad, was ranked 40th by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) management ranking in 2023. In 2018, it had obtained its highest rank of 22nd in NIRF.

Top recruiters
IBS has a network of 1000+ companies for placements, 1% of the following corporate total employees are IBS alumni.

 * ICICI Bank
 * Deloitte
 * HDFC Bank
 * Tata Consultancy Services
 * EY
 * Kotak Mahindra Bank
 * Accenture
 * JPMorgan Chase & Co.
 * Axis Bank
 * HSBC

title: ICFAI Business School Hyderabad


text:
Introduction to Philosophy/Logic/Tautologies and Contradictions

Introduction to Philosophy > Logic > Tautologies and Contradictions

Tautologies
A truth table column which consists entirely of T's indicates a situation where the proposition is true no matter whether the individual propositions of which it is composed are true or false. The most simple example would be (p ∨ ¬p).

 p  ¬p    (p ∨ ¬p) T    F       T F     T       T

A proposition which is true independently of the truth or falsity of the atomic propositions from which it is composed is known as a tautology.

Contradictions
Similarly, a proposition which is false independently of the truth or falsity of the atomic propositions from which it is composed is known as a contradiction. The simplest example of this would be (p ∧ ¬p).

 p  ¬p    (p ∧ ¬p) T    F       F F     T       F

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Emergency medical responder (EMR)/Human anatomy

The human anatomy for the EMR has not yet been started. Study the Anatomical Terminology module which does not exceed the scope of the EMR.


text:
Alfond

Alfond is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Bill Alfond (born 1949), American investor, philanthropist, and billionaire
 * Harold Alfond (1914–2007), American businessman
 * Justin Alfond (born 1975), American politician
 * Peter Alfond (1952–2017), American investor, philanthropist, and billionaire
 * Susan Alfond (born 1946), American investor, philanthropist, and billionaire
 * Ted Alfond (born 1945), American investor, philanthropist, and billionaire

title: Alfond


text:
Bhakta Ramadas (film)

Bhakta Ramadas (Kannada: ಭಕ್ತ ರಾಮದಾಸ್) is a 1948 Indian Kannada film, directed by Kemparaj Urs and produced by D. Shankar Singh. The film stars Kemparaj Urs, Sumathi Kashinath and Vimalananda Das in the lead roles. The film has musical score by P. Kalinga Rao.

Cast

 * Kemparaj Urs as Ramadas
 * Sumathi Kashinath
 * Vimalananda Das

title: Bhakta Ramadas (film)


text:
User:Teemu

Home page: http://www2.uiah.fi/~tleinone

Courses I am taking

 * Spanish: An Introduction

Courses I am teaching

 * Composing free and open online educational resources

 * Brief History of New Media

Skills, Knowledge, Competencies (0-3)
This is a proposal: I think that in all the Wikiversity user pages, users should define their skills, knowledge, and competencies in each of the subjects of the schools.

There should be some template or some other easy way to list or search people with different profiles.

Legend

 * 3 = Professional learning content provider / teachers
 * 2 = Knowledgeable "hobbyist" with knowledge and skills to provide learning content or to teach the subject
 * 1 = Apprentice with interest to contribute and learn more on this subject area
 * 0 = No or very little prior knowledge, skills or interest on the subject (default)

Wikimania paper

free education and free school?

title: User:Teemu


text:
How To Search/Journal database list

The following list contains indexing and abstracting journal databases that are described in this book.

 * ../PubMed/
 * ../BioMed Central/

title: How To Search/Journal database list


text:
Bobrovka

Bobrovka (Бобровка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bobrovsky Selsoviet, Pervomaysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 3,251 as of 2013. There are 60 streets.

Geography
Bobrovka is located 33 km south of Novoaltaysk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lesnoy and Rasskazikha are the nearest rural localities.

title: Bobrovka


text:
User:Sonsorol/Bronwen L. Konecky

Bronwen Konecky is a paleoclimatologist and climatologist whose particular area of focus lies in the past and present effect of climate change in the tropics. She is an assistant professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis.

Education and Academic Career
In her senior year of high-school, Bronwen Konecky took an A.P. Environmental Science class which sparked her curiosity into the sciences. Konecky would then go on to receive a B.A. in Environmental Sciences though Barnard College of Columbia University in 2005. In 2010, she graduated with a Sc.M. in Geological Studies from Brown University before receiving a Ph.D. in Geological Studies from the same institution in 2013. Bronwen Konecky’s dissertation “Decadal to Orbital Scale Climate Change in the Indian Ocean Region: Precipitation Isotopic Perspectives from East Africa and Indonesia” focuses on the effects changes in climate have had on rainfall in the Indian Ocean Region through analysis of stable isotopes in lake sediments.

Career and Research
After graduating from Barnard College in 2005, Konecky began working with the African Millennium Villages Project as the Environmental Research Coordinator. The project’s goal was to assist communities in rural Africa get out of extreme poverty and she stayed stayed with the project until 2008. In 2013, she worked in the Cobb lab as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Between 2014 and 2016, Konecky was a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow working closely with Oregon State University and University of Colorado Boulder before becoming a Research Scientist at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder. She held this position for a year before becoming an Assistant Professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Washington University in 2018, where Konecky works to this day.

Bronwen Konecky's primary fields of research are Paleoclimateology, Climatology and Hydrogeology. She is known for her work studying ancient and modern rainfall in the tropics, specifically around the the Indian Ocean and in Africa.

Personal Website: https://blkonecky.wordpress.com/

Publications
Bronwen Konecky's most cited publications include:

 * Upward range extension of Andean anurans and chytridiomycosis to extreme elevations in response to tropical deglaciation
 * The African Millennium Villages
 * Using palaeo-climate comparisons to constrain future projections in CMIP5
 * Isotopic reconstruction of the African Humid Period and Congo Air Boundary migration at Lake Tana, Ethiopia
 * Atmospheric circulation patterns during late Pleistocene climate changes at Lake Malawi, Africa

Awards and Honors

 * 2019: Nanne Weber Early Career Award given "in recognition of sustained and unique contributions to paleoceanography and paleoclimatology research ."
 * 2014-2016: National Science Foundation (NSF) Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellow
 * 2009-2012: National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellow

Konecky has also received research grants from the National Science Foundation, Geologic Society of America and National Geographic Society.

Public Engagement
Bronwen Konecky has an active twitter account (@other_rock) in which she frequently posts about climate issues, the science community and music. In her spare time, Konecky also is a singer-songwriter and helps spread the joy of music to the world.

Twitter: https://twitter.com/other_rock?lang=en

title: User:Sonsorol/Bronwen L. Konecky


text:
User:King Bee

If people did not sometimes do silly things, nothing intelligent would ever get done. —Ludwig Wittgenstein, Culture and Value. King Bee is a Wikipedian who is also a mathematics graduate student at Iowa State University, whose dissertation topics consist in extremal graph theory and combinatorics. He is also interested in logic and philosophy of mathematics.

He is the same entity as the user King Bee on the English language Wikipedia.

He is interested in helping the Wikiversity project in any way possible.

Useful links: Portal:Mathematics - Portal:Learning Projects

Pages I've created:
 * Intermediate Value Theorem
 * Generating functions
 * Introduction to generating functions
 * Calculus of generating functions

title: User:King Bee


text:
hydroxyapatite

Etymology
en

Noun

 * 1) A basic calcium phosphate mineral that is the principal inorganic constituent of bone and teeth.

Translations

 * Czech: hydroxyapatit
 * Hungarian: hidroxiapatit
 * Italian:

title: hydroxyapatite


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Amanda Rosenberg

Personal life
I pasted the following from Talk:Amanda Rosenberg, as it represented a fair bit of work, and I wouldn't like to have to recreate these comments if the article, and its talk page, are deleted. Geo Swan (talk) 16:04, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * {| class="wikitable"

 * I created a new section Amanda Rosenberg, and I moved coverage of her romantic relationships to that section.
 * I created a new section Amanda Rosenberg, and I moved coverage of her romantic relationships to that section.

 * Realistically, I think a single sentence about her relationships probably should belong in the lead section -- except that I am afraid this appropriate coverage has the unfortunate side effect to triggering WP:NOTTABLOID concerns.

 * I am old enough to remember the angst older reporters felt during their coverage of Bill Clinton's confirmed and suspected extramarital affairs, when they were all guilty of colluding in hiding the more serious sexual shenanigans of earlier Presidents, like FDR and JFK. Realistically, JFK's extramarital pursuits were much more serious because his pursuits put National Security at risk.  He shared some of his mistresses with underworld figures.

 * Does the Rosenberg-Brin affair merit coverage here, at all? Or should we take a high moral line, and not cover extramarital affairs on the grounds they are trivial, of passing interest, and beneath us?  Well, since reliable and authoritative sources speculate the affair caused Google to shelve the very promising and exciting Google Glass product I don't think it is responsible to not cover the relationship.

 * There is no real coverage of Ms Rosenberg in the Google Glass article -- just a link in the "see also" section.

 * There was no coverage of Ms Rosenberg, at all, in the article on her first Google lover, Hugo Barra. I added some coverage.

 * I am sure that the new "Personal life" section I added could be improved. I encourage anyone currently voicing delete opinions at the AFD, who has concerns about this section, to consider how it could be rewritten, to address those concerns, and just think their concerns add to reasons to delete the article.

 * I have wondered whether the articles on Google Glass, Brin, Barra, Rosenberg and Anne Wojcicki should all link to a new article on the romantic triangle, and speculation on its impact on the Google Glass product. If so, I don't know what that article should be called, but I think if the details on the affair, and speculation on its after-effects, were confined to its own article, this would help prevent coverage in the articles on the individuals diverging and contradicting one another.  It might help keep coverage be more fair to all involved.

 * Should it be covered at all, or in any detail? Yes, because those commentators have convinced me that it did put the important product line at risk.  Five or ten years from now we may all be wearing "Apple Goggles", "Yahoo Goggles" or "Microsoft Goggles", instead of each wearing a "Google Glass", as the shelving of the product due to the affair gives Google's competitors a chance to catch up.  Geo Swan (talk) 15:56, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * }


text:
bailer

Noun

 * 1) One who bails or lades.
 * 2) A utensil, as a bucket or cup, used in bailing; a machine for bailing water out of a pit.
 * 3)  A delivery that heads towards the bails after pitching.
 * 4)  A delivery in which the ball hits one or both bails but does not dislodge them.
 * 1)  A delivery that heads towards the bails after pitching.
 * 2)  A delivery in which the ball hits one or both bails but does not dislodge them.
 * 1)  A delivery in which the ball hits one or both bails but does not dislodge them.

Derived terms

 * gill bailer

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: sàssola
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀντλητήρ
 * Italian: aggottatoio, sassola
 * Maori: tīheru, tatā
 * Ngazidja Comorian: upvo
 * Portuguese: vertedouro,, bartedouro, bartedoiro
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:

title: bailer


text:
User:Jdaura/sandbox

GravityLab is a streaming video hosting provider company headquartered in Eugene, Oregon, which is dedicated to the manufacturing and marketing of solar photovoltaic modules. They manufacture solar power kits which are available from a number of retailers, including Home Depot, Costco, and Amazon Grape solar was originally known as Centron Solar, but was forced to change it's name after a lawsuit with German solar company Centrosolar.

Products
Grape Solar manufactures a full line of solar photovoltaic modules for a variety of on grid and off grid applications.

Reception
Their 250 watt module has received a positive review on Top Ten Reviews, garnering an 8.58 out of 10 points, for it's efficiency and affordability.

title: User:Jdaura/sandbox


text:
User:Amkoo97

My name is Armin Dizdarevic. I live in Cazin, Bosnia and Herzegovina. I am 17 years old boy and I am going to high school JU "Gimnazija" Cazin in city Cazin.

title: User:Amkoo97


text:
User:BirdieGarcia/sandbox

Birdie Garcia is an American writer, producer and social activist who grew up in the San Francisco bay area. She has worked on commercial and independent projects, promoted live music and social events from lifestyles to corporate functions. Specializing in things of the obscure variety she works on unique and original acts including Burlesque, Circus and Freak Show variety acts. She performs herself under her Character aliases.

Background Working in the underground music scene with the punkers and rockers Birdie quickly found a home. Taking entertainment to the next level has been something that has come naturally to her. Bringing persons and business management to comfortable and easy to understand levels is why she is popular. "This is entertainment, it should be enjoyable." Starting her professional career in live events working with DIY bands and small labels, now involved and named in projects including film, broadcast and theater, Birdie has earned her place in industry. Currently working with several other creative professionals she is a pioneer in the Chicago movement. Birdie is responsible for building New Babylon and assisting fellow creatives with business plans, development, and consulting them on ways to extend themselves as individuals, groups and artists.

Current Business under Birdie’s Management/Direction Family Garcia Enterprises: Owner and Founder. The umbrella title for all business functions. Insured and Licensed. Family Garcia Enterprises is the umbrella for the Audio, Engineering, Video, Tech Company, Performance and Event production under Birdie Garcia. Operations: With real world application of general office and entertainment support Birdie provides consultation and support services. Management: Birdie firm in addition to production house for entertainment reaching individuals, bands, performance groups, or commercial campaigns in need of new talent and ideas.

Paragon Priests: The performance piece set up with Dancers, Circus acts, fire performers and many more. A unique talent resource that aids in events both within Family Garcia and to client services. A mobile and stationary event/production house

A live tour featuring independent bands and small labels featuring Punk/Metal/Rock performances. A private record label and talent representation firm. The main music house for all things working under the Garcia umbrella.

Nixed Media: The house for New Media and IT House for all materials licensed with Birdie Garcia and related businesses. Where all materials are released to the audiences via Internet or disc.

Characters Whiskey Bourbon - ringmaster of chaos Whiskey caters to all things obscure and undeniable. A supporting character herself, Whiskey leads the pack of performers known as the "Paragon Priests". Whiskey Bourbon’s theme is "the Alabama song" by the doors.

Birdie Garcia “The Spanish Peacock” - performance The performer simply dubbed the Spanish Peacock is an American Burlesque act. Working with some classy sassy Jazzy routines, her signature songs are: Spanish Doll and Junkie

Babylon Starr - rocker The glamorous life style of a glam rocker. A dramatic and comedic roll, Babylon expresses the auditors of the rock and roll world. Rocker, Franken Hooker, reputation, do you wanna touch,

Social Activism: BeGood Campaign SubCity Ventures

Writing Style and History:

Education:

Links:

title: User:BirdieGarcia/sandbox


text:
User:Jennyscott1701

Account created for Digital Media and Culture.

I feel very sorry for Greg being stuck in here till six o'clock. It feels like the basement of a pharmaceutical company where all the dodgy human experiments happen, like in Resident Evil. Hopefully he will not have to deal with dodgy voice actors and a cheesy soundtrack.

title: User:Jennyscott1701


text:
Talk:Abdulhamid Khan

Source for a similar spelling: WhisperToMe (talk) 13:16, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Abdulhamid Khan


text:
El Pla de Santa Maria

El Pla de Santa Maria is a municipality in the comarca of the Alt Camp in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated at the foot of the Miramar range. The municipality is served by the A-2 motorway and is linked to Valls by the T-200 road.

title: El Pla de Santa Maria


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/bizneskvartal.by

Links

 * bizneskvartal.by resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 5 additions.


text:
Gobosh Aviation

Gobosh Aviation was an American aircraft manufacturer based in Moline, Illinois. The company specialized in light-sport aircraft for the American domestic market. The company's first product was the Gobosh 700S, introduced in 2007. This was joined by the Gobosh 800XP in 2008.

The company name means "Go Big Or Stay Home".

By 2016 the company website had been taken down and the company had likely gone out of business.

title: Gobosh Aviation


text:
fugitivo

Etymology
From. .

Adjective

 * 1) fugitive fleeing or running away, especially from the police

Noun

 * 1) fugitive a person who is fleeing or escaping from something, especially from the police

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) fugitive

title: fugitivo


text:
User:IBM5100

Name: Rick Darinko

Date Of Birth: March 1, 1973

Nationality: American

Location Of Birth: Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Occupation: Physicist

title: User:IBM5100


text:
OPS 5111

OPS 5111, also known as Navstar 1, NDS-1, GPS I-1 and GPS SVN-1, was an American navigation satellite launched in 1978 as part of the Global Positioning System development program. It was the first GPS satellite to be launched, and one of eleven Block I demonstration satellites.

Background
Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to provide all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for military ground, sea, and air forces. Since its implementation, GPS has also become an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational used (e.g., boating, aircraft, hiking), corporate vehicle fleet tracking, and surveying. GPS employs 24 spacecraft in 20,200 km circular orbits inclined at 55°. These vehicles are placed in 6 orbit planes with four operational satellites in each plane.

Spacecraft
The first eleven spacecraft (GPS Block 1) were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the GPS system. They were 3-axis stabilized, nadir pointing using reaction wheels. Dual solar arrays supplied over 400 watts. They had S-band communications for control and telemetry and Ultra high frequency (UHF) cross-link between spacecraft. They were manufactured by Rockwell Space Systems, were 5.3 meters across with solar panels deployed, and had a design life expectancy of 5 years. Unlike the later operational satellites, GPS Block 1 spacecraft were inclined at 63°.

Launch
OPS 5111 was launched at 23:44 UTC on 22 February 1978, atop an Atlas F launch vehicle with an SGS-1 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 64F, and was originally built as an Atlas F. The launch took place from Vandenberg Space Launch Complex 3 (SLC-3E) at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed OPS 5111 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor.

Mission
By 29 March 1978, OPS 5111 was in an orbit with a perigee of 20095 km, an apogee of 20308 km, a period of 718.70 minutes, and 63.3° of inclination to the equator. The satellite had a design life of 5 years and a mass of 758 kg. It broadcast the PRN 04 signal in the GPS demonstration constellation, and was retired from service on 17 July 1985.

title: OPS 5111


text:
Music Form and Analysis

Musical form relates to the structure of a given piece, its themes and the relationship between each theme. There are many varieties of form used in music, both popular and classical.

Verses and Choruses
Most popular music is shaped around verses and choruses. Each verse has different words [and sometimes different melody and harmonies as well] while the chorus [generally] remains constant. Forms include VVCVCVC… [V-verse C-chorus], CVCV… CC, and variations thereof.

Binary
In binary music, there are just two different themes which appear only once, one after the other like this:

AB

Ternary
Ternary music has two themes, one of which appears twice, like this:

ABA

Rondo
A rondo [rondeau] works as bit like the Verse Chorus form of popular music today. It is also called Ritornello.

ABACADA

Canon
A canon has a repeated melody line which starts at the same pitch, where each entry is delayed by a few notes. A canon must work so that the harmonies match.

title: Music Form and Analysis


text:
User:Aryansri

My name is Aryan Srivastava. I like writing and creativity is my passion. I also love ideas and hope that one day I would be able to make up a movie.

I would keep up editing this page. So, be sure to come back for more.

title: User:Aryansri


text:
Talk:Derek Clarke

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Derek Clarke (footballer). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20120805214702/http://www.saddlers.premiumtv.co.uk/page/SaddlersAZ/0,,10428~910684,00.html to http://www.saddlers.premiumtv.co.uk/page/SaddlersAZ/0%2C%2C10428~910684%2C00.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:22, 9 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Derek Clarke


text:
Castellet i la Gornal

Castellet i la Gornal is a municipality in the comarca of the Alt Penedès  in  Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the valley of the Foix river at the point where it crosses the Coastal Range. The river is dammed to form the Foix reservoir. The ajuntament (town hall) is in La Gornal. The municipality is served by the N-340 road, and by a local road to Vilanova i la Geltrú.

Population is dispersed among the villages of La Gornal, Les Cassettes, Castellet, Torrelletes, Les Masuques, Clariana, Sant Marçal i Masies de Sant Marçal, Rocallisa, Valldemar, Els Rosers, La Creu i els Àngels, and Trencarroques.

Castellet i la Gornal became part of the Alt Penedès in the comarcal revision of 1990: previously it formed part of the Garraf.

Notable people
Singer Marina Rossell was born in the village of La Gornal.

title: Castellet i la Gornal


text:
Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne

Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne (English: The Irish Dancing World Championships; often simply the Worlds) is an annual Irish stepdance competition run by An Coimisiún Le Rincí Gaelacha (the Irish Dancing Commission). The Worlds include competitions for solo stepdance, organised by gender and age; and for certain traditional and original ceili dances, also divided by age group and team gender composition. Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne is the top competition of the hierarchical system operated by An Coimisiún, and dancers must qualify at major Irish stepdance events across the world in order to compete.

The first Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne was run in 1970, and the event is now one of six oireachtais (championship competitions) under different organisations to be called the World Championships. Of these, Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne, sometimes called the "Olympics of Irish dance", is the largest, attracting some 5,000 competitors and 25,000 spectators each year from over 30 countries. It has played a role in the globalisation of Irish stepdance and Irish dance generally, and, since the beginning of the 21st century, has been held in locations across the British Isles and in North America.

The Worlds traditionally run across Holy Week, and have at times extended to various cultural events outside of dancing.

Origins (1927–1969)
An Coimisiún Le Rincí Gaelacha was established between 1927 and 1930 by the Gaelic League, which had for some years beforehand been consolidating control over Irish dancing as a means of promoting the Irish nationalist movement. An Coimisiún's original stated objectives, laid down at the Congress of the Gaelic League in 1931, were to "protect and promote Irish dancing" and to "direct and control all Irish Dancing competitions throughout Ireland". Among the earliest events developed by the new organisation was Oireachtas Rince na hÉireann (the All-Ireland Championships), which was first established as an independent event in 1929. It had previously been a component of the Gaelic League's annual Oireachtas cultural festival. A second major event, the Great Britain Championships, developed in the 1950s to meet increasing demand for Irish stepdance competitions in London and surrounds.

The gradual transition of An Coimisiún from local to international governing body began in the early 1950s. With the advent of affordable air travel and improved communication links from the 1960s onward, increased contact with dancing teachers across the Irish diaspora led An Coimisiún to gradually become a global organisation. This transition included the first examinations for teachers and adjudicators to be held in the United States and Australia. The concept of a World Championships event was first discussed in 1967. In early 1968, An Coimisiún established Provincial Championships in Leinster, Munster and Connacht, complementing the existing championships in Ulster, as part of a scheme which envisaged both the All-Ireland and Great Britain Championships becoming open only to dancers living in Ireland and Great Britain respectively. This change, which mirrored a similar system being developed in Australia at the time, was hoped to eventually lead to dancers qualifying first for their national championships and then for a newly created World Championships.

At the same time, An Comhdháil na Múinteoirí le Rincí Gaelacha (the Congress of Irish Dance Teachers), a Dublin-based organisation with whom many of An Coimisiún's teachers had been associated since the early 1960s, began to increase its influence. This caused tensions within An Coimisiún, particularly because of a perceived over-representation of delegates from the Gaelic League. In December 1969, teachers were compelled to register with one organisation or the other, which led to many of An Coimisiún's registered teachers within Ireland leaving the organisation. This event, which would become known as "the split", eventually resulted in An Comhdháil establishing itself as an alternative governing body for Irish dance with its own system of registration, examinations and competition. The loss of nearly half of An Coimisiún's teachers seriously jeopardised its planned World Championships, but a majority of overseas teachers continued to support the event, and this enabled preparations to continue.

One long-term impact of the split prior to the first Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne was the eventual establishment of competing World Championship events. An Comhdháil increased its reach into the early 21st century, and in 2012 renamed its All-Ireland Championships the World Championships in order to compete with Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne. Further ructions within An Comhdhail had also resulted in the establishment of several other Irish dancing regulatory bodies, many of which themselves expanded into international markets. By 2017, Cumann Rince Dea Mheasa, the World Irish Dance Association, Cumann Rince Náisiúnta and Cumann Rince Gaelach were each hosting World Championship events, with varying levels of international participation. Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne remains the largest of the six events.

Early years (1970–1994)
The first Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne was eventually held in the Coláiste Mhuire Auditorium in Parnell Square, Dublin, on 1–3 May 1970, with five solo championships for men (by age group), five for women, three ceili championships and two "figure dance" championships. This event also included a number of "subsidiary" competitions not considered part of the Championships themselves; these were discontinued after the first year due to the popularity of the main event. The establishment of this event has been described as the most significant development in Irish stepdance during the history of An Coimisiún. It represented a fulfilment of An Coimisiún's goal to unite the Irish diaspora under a single, homogenous identity.

The Championships were judged by a single panel of three adjudicators, who awarded only three placings in each event. Over the following years, the number of judges was increased and separate panels introduced in an effort to improve the quality of adjudication.

The early years of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne saw little success for competitors from outside Ireland, despite the presence of a large contingent of North American dancers. This was due to a number of factors including the overseas competitors' style of dance, which was viewed as by the Irish as outdated, and differences in competition protocol between North America and Ireland. However, Michael Flatley, who became the first North American winner of the World Championships in 1975, recalled that his attempt to win at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne focused on adopting a more rigid and conservative dance style that would be accepted by Irish adjudicators. Flatley had competed at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne for the first time the year prior, and had placed fourth. The difficulty of competing successfully in Ireland was known to North American dancers as the "Emerald Barrier", and contributed to the development of an extensive system of competitions and championships on the North American continent. In 1971, the Irish Dancing Teachers' Association of North America chartered a Boeing 747 in an attempt to increase the number of North American competitors. In 1972, two entire Boeing 707s from Aer Lingus were booked to transport the North American contingent.

American teams experienced many of the same difficulties as solo dancers in succeeding during the early years of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne, although in some cases, the differences were more explicitly political. A North American dance drama team which had previously met with some success was placed last in the 1986 competition. Although the official reason for the decision was the inclusion of non-Irish music in the choreography, the team's teacher alleged to American media that the adjudicators had resented the dance's commentary on the Catholic Church. Conor Hayes became the first Australian to win a World Championship as late as 1996, and the inferiority of overseas competitors in the perception of adjudicators and Irish participants persisted into the early 21st century.

Even within Ireland, the Worlds were initially dominated by dance schools from Ulster, whose style had become well-known via television broadcasts in the late 1969s. However, following the commencement of the Troubles in Northern Ireland in 1969, the competitive Irish dancing structure in the region rapidly disintegrated, and with it, the success of Ulster dancers.

From 1975 onwards, the national championships of Australia, North America, Ireland and Great Britain, which had until that point served as qualifying events for the Worlds, were supplemented by regional championships in each country – North America, for instance, was divided into seven regions, to increase the number of world qualifiers. The system of regional and national championships serving as qualifying events was eventually expanded globally.

Following complaints about the requirement that dancers qualify for the Championships, An Coimisiún decided to open the 1984 Worlds in Cork City to all dancers, with no qualification required. The subsequent massive influx of dancers necessitated the use of four separate venues in Cork over the course of 8 days, at the time the largest Irish dance event ever conducted. The large number of dancers in each section necessitated an extension to the usual three rounds of competition so that adjudicators had the opportunity to properly rank dancers. It was decided that due to the logistical complexities of such a large event, qualification would be reinstated for 1985.

The late 1970s and early 1980s saw the gradual introduction of metronomes to regulate the tempo of accompanying music, as well as the introduction of a set number of bars for each dance. The length of each performance had previously been at the discretion of the judging panel, which had resulted in unfair disadvantage to competitors forced to dance for longer. The 1986 Worlds, held in Limerick, were the first to use computer technology for the tabulation of results.

Riverdance era (1994–present)
The success of the Riverdance show after its debut at the interval of the 1994 Eurovision Song Contest drastically transformed Irish dance in its style, popularity, and relationship to traditional Irish arts. Within the two-year timeframe of the first Riverdance the number of competitors at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne increased by 25%. This followed a period of approximately five years where participation numbers had remained roughly constant. The increase in competitor numbers was largely concentrated in younger age groups and led to the first Worlds sections with more than 100 competing dancers. However, the increase in numbers was confined largely to female dancers, and the decades following Riverdance saw a decline in the number of male dancers and mixed-gender ceili teams.

1994 also marked the 25th edition of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne. A commemorative video was produced by An Coimisiún and made available for purchase after the Championships. This was among the first Irish stepdance competitions for which An Coimisiún granted permission for filming.

In 2000, Belfast was announced as the location for the first Worlds to be held outside the Republic of Ireland. At the time, some competitors expressed fears for their safety in the new location, but Belfast authorities were keen to ensure the event's success to improve the city's reputation as a tourist destination. The 2001 Championships, planned to be held in Ennis, were cancelled due to the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in Great Britain, from where nearly 35% of that year's competitors were expected to travel. The first Worlds to be cancelled caused substantially increased demand for the North American National Championships, traditionally held at the end of July, and forced organisers of that event to add stage capacity to cope with the influx of dancers. Furthermore, as a result of qualifiers for the 2001 event being allowed to carry over their qualification status to 2002, the next year in Glasgow saw a one-third increase on the usual number of competitors.

In 2007, An Coimisiún launched a now-defunct official website for Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne at worldirishdancing.com. This website provided information on results and daily photographic commentary during the Championships.

The Worlds were held three times in North America in the early 21st century: Philadelphia in 2009, Boston in 2013 and Montreal in 2015. Although the number of competitors was higher than ever before due to the large number of dancers in the region, many dancers from Ireland and the UK did not attend, which led to a significant drop in the number of team entries. In 2009, to celebrate the 40th Championships, and in recognition of the increasingly global nature of the Worlds, a replica of the championship trophies was cast with the name of each host city inscribed on its base. This trophy is held by the host city for the year in which it holds Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne.

At a meeting of An Coimisiún on 20–21 January 2018, a new "double recall" system was approved for Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne 2019 and beyond, following a consultation and development process begun in 2016. The new system, in which dancers compete in 2 rounds of "heats" prior to the existing 3 round structure (redesignated "finals"), was implemented to deal with rising qualification numbers and venue management difficulties. Announcing the system, chairperson of An Coimisiún James McCutcheon also noted the morale benefits of having an intermediate goal for dancers between qualification and final round recall.

Locations
From 1980 onwards, when it was held for the first time outside Dublin, Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne has been held in a number of cities both within Ireland and in other countries such as Scotland and the United States. Past and future host cities of the World Championships include: • 1970–1979: Dublin

• 1980–1981: Dún Laoghaire

• 1982: Galway

• 1983: Dublin

• 1984: Cork City

• 1985: Malahide

• 1986: Limerick City

• 1987–1989: Galway

• 1990: Cork City

• 1991–1992: Limerick City

• 1993: Mosney

• 1994: Dublin

• 1995: Galway

• 1996: Dublin

• 1997: Galway

• 1998–1999: Ennis

• 2000: Belfast

• 2001: Cancelled due to Foot-and-mouth outbreak

• 2002: Glasgow

• 2003: Killarney

• 2004: Belfast

• 2005: Ennis

• 2006: Belfast

• 2007: Glasgow

• 2008: Belfast

• 2009: Philadelphia

• 2010: Glasgow

• 2011: Dublin

• 2012: Belfast

• 2013: Boston

• 2014: London

• 2015: Montreal

• 2016: Glasgow

• 2017: Dublin

• 2018: Glasgow

• 2019: Greensboro

• 2020: Cancelled due to COVID-19 outbreak

• 2021: Cancelled due to COVID-19 outbreak

• 2022: Belfast

• 2023: Montreal

• 2024: Glasgow

Governance
Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne is organised and overseen by An Coimisiún's Coiste Oireachtaisí (Oireachtas Committee), which is also responsible for the annual All-Ireland Championships. The committee's budget is set by Comhairle Bainistaíochta (the Council of Management). A chair of the Oireachtas Committee is elected each year at the annual general meeting of An Coimisiún.

Locations for Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne are selected following a bidding process, which allows regional representatives to submit their preferred venue for consideration. Bidding is led by both local An Coimisiún teachers and business representatives. The final decision is made by a vote of the Oireachtas Committee, taking into account the suitability of venue and the area's capacity to support the event with appropriate accommodation.

The approximate cost of staging Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne has been estimated at GB£400000, which is covered by grants from local authorities and entrance fees from dancers. The event does not receive any funding from the Irish government. It has been estimated that the event contributes 15000000 eur to local economies, in addition to flow-on social and economic benefits. One such outcome is the exposure of an entire city or region to thousands of potential tourists; as a result, Boston tourism authorities compared the total impact of the Worlds on the local economy to that of the Super Bowl. Most direct economic benefit is created by high booking rates at nearby hotels and restaurants. For example, the Belfast event in 2004 saw every hotel room in the city centre occupied for the duration of the championships.

Qualification
Solo dancers must qualify for Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne at a qualifying event recognised by An Coimisiún. There are two classes of qualifying event: "primary qualifiers" open only to dancers in a particular region, and "secondary qualifiers" on a national or international scale. In some regions of the United States, pre-qualification for qualifiers is required. For each section at both primary and secondary qualifiers (according to the age groups of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne) the top 5 placed dancers qualify, as well as an additional dancer for every 10 participants in the section. Generally speaking, all dancers must compete and qualify at their primary qualifier; however, dancers who fail to do so may qualify at their secondary qualifier or may be eligible for automatic qualification if they placed in a medal winning position at the previous Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne. Dancers who do not participate in their primary qualifier may not qualify secondarily or automatically unless they submit a valid reason, such as a medical condition, to An Coimisiún.

This system was introduced in 1981 after the establishment of regions in North America, in order to give dancers a second opportunity to qualify for the Worlds if their result at a regional qualifier was unusually poor. The secondary qualification system was subsequently introduced for all regions.

A list of qualifying dancers is published annually in Irish Dancing Magazine. World Qualifier status is considered prestigious by dancers in its own right. Indeed, the chief aspiration of many competitive dancers is simply to participate in Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne. A large number of dancers who qualify for Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne do not attend, primarily because of the expense of international travel.

The qualification system places a disproportionate restriction on the number of female dancers at the Worlds, and consequently produces a female–male ratio of competitors much lower than at other Irish stepdance events. The massive increase in dancer numbers following Riverdance in 1994, however, did increase this ratio substantially, as the increase in female competitors was not matched by an increase in male competitors.

Adjudication
Adjudicators for Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne are selected from An Coimisiún's registered adjudicators, who may apply to adjudicate if they have at least two years' experience judging major competitions. Adjudicators may not judge at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne more than once in a five-year period. The final selection of the adjudicator pool takes into account experience, reputation and knowledge of competitive Irish stepdancing, and the members of the pool are notified that they have been selected in the December prior to the Worlds.

As with all competitions run by An Coimisiún, adjudicators may not judge dancers with whom they are associated. This includes dancers whom they or their relatives have taught in the previous two years, or dancers to whom they are related. As it is not feasible to select adjudicators who have no direct or indirect relationship to dancers at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne, dancers associated with the selected adjudicators are forbidden from competing once the adjudicator pool is announced, and their qualification status is automatically carried over to the following edition of the Worlds.

From the pool selected, a ballot is publicly drawn on each morning of the Championships to determine the makeup of adjudication panels for each of the day's sections. There are three separate panels for each day of the Championships, with seven members each.

The decisions of adjudicators are final, and there exists no mechanism by which to question scores or rankings. It has been argued that this system contributes to political and personal biases among adjudication panels. In addition, participants in Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne frequently accuse adjudicators (though not directly) of politicising their decisions or favouring dancers of one region over another.

Solo championships
There are 25 solo championships: a male and female championship for each of 11 age groups between 10–11 years and 20–21 years, female 21–23 years, female over 23 and male over 21. All age groups encompass a single calendar year of birth with the exceptions of the "Ladies 21–23 years" championship, which covers two birth years, and the "Ladies over 23" and "Men over 21" championships, to which no upper age limit is applied. The youngest age group is 10–11 years. In general, the sections for younger age groups are held earlier in the week of the Championships.

Dances
Each solo championship consists of three rounds, as do other stepdance competitions named as "championships". The first round, danced in hard shoes, is either a double jig or hornpipe depending on age group; the second round, in soft shoes consists of either slip jig or reel. Jigs and slip jigs are danced for 48 bars, while hornpipes and reels are danced for 40 bars.

After the first two rounds, scores are counted and 50 of the top-ranked dancers are "recalled". These competitors perform the third, or "set dance" round, in hard shoes, one at a time. The "set" of the name refers to a particular tune, rather than to any specified choreography. The set dance at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne is performed in a contrasting time to the first round – that is, if the dancer performed a hornpipe ( time) in the first round, they must perform a jig ( time) in the set dance round, and vice versa. There are 30 set dance tunes approved for use at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne.

Placing and awards
After the three rounds have been completed and final scores tabulated, the individual place scores for each dancer are read in public and simultaneously revealed on video displays throughout the venue. The final placings are then read in order from first to last. Only dancers who have completed all three rounds may be placed in this way.

A formula in each year's syllabus describes the number of competitors who will be awarded prizes, which is dependent on the total number of dancers in the section. These dancers are presented on the stage individually in an official presentation ceremony, and awarded a "World medal". The top five dancers in each section ascend a dais, and are presented with a distinctive perpetual trophy colloquially known as a "globe", as well as other trophies available in each section. The globe trophies were originally donated in 2007 by Michael Flatley and the first place versions include the names of all previous section winners inscribed around the base. Winners of male sections are frequently presented with a belt as a trophy, a practice which originated at a dance competition held in 1895 by the Gaelic Athletic Association.

It is usual for winners of a section to be described as having "won the Worlds", even though there is no mechanism by which to win the whole event. It is common for older winners of the World Championships to retire from competitive dance immediately afterwards.

Post-2019
For Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne 2019 onwards, a "double recall" system of 5 dancing rounds will be implemented. During the "heats", each age group will compete in a hard shoe and soft shoe dance, similar to the pre-2019 system. However, each competition will be divided in a pseudorandom fashion into two "splits" of equal size. Following these two rounds, a list of recalled dancers will be publicly announced; these dancers will move to the "finals" on the following day.

The finals day of competition will be judged by a new panel of adjudicators, and will operate with the same three-round structure as the pre-2019 system. The number of dancers progressing to the set dance round, as a proportion of the original entry numbers, will remain the same.

, An Coimisiún was considering retaining the pre-2019 system for all male sections and female age groups U11 and U12.

Ceili championships
There are nine championships for ceili dance at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne: five age groups for girls' teams, and four for mixed gender teams. The ceili dances performed at the Worlds are those which have been accepted by An Coimisiún as part of the stepdance tradition and which are found in the official publication of dances, Ar Rince Ceili. Presently, the only ceili dances accepted at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne are eight-hand dances, that is, for eight dancers.

Figure dancing championships
Figure dances are dances of eight to sixteen dancers, originally composed but performed to Irish traditional music. Performed both for competition and exhibition, they are required to portray an Irish theme or item through the dance. A figure dancing championship, for "newly composed dances that would be suitable for performance at a ceílí", was included at the first Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne. After the Dance Drama section was spun off in 1974, the figure dance section was intended to retain a more traditional style.

Dancers in figure dance teams at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne are required to dance basic steps such as those found in approved ceili dances, and choreographies must not exceed 4 minutes. There are between 8 and 16 dancers in each team. Before each dance, the story portrayed by the dance is read aloud by the stage steward. It is common for figure dance teams to supply their own recorded music, which has the advantage of enabling changes in tempo and time signature through the dance, but live accompaniment is permitted. Figure dance teams are judged on their ability to portray the story, the quality of the choreography, individual footwork and technique, and the team's synchronisation and presentation.

There are five figure dance championships: three age groups for girls teams, including an open age group, and two age groups for mixed teams (with a minimum of 4 male dancers) including an open age group. The senior figure dancing competition is considered among the most prestigious sections at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne, a reputation which it carried from its predecessor competition at the All-Ireland Championships.

Dance Drama championships
The Dance Drama championship was conceived following the 1973 Worlds to distinguish the traditional figure dance section from more modern choreographies which involved the use of props and costume changes. Introduced in 1974, the section was renamed "Dance Drama" for the 1978 Worlds. Within a few years, Dance Drama was one of the most broadly popular sections at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne.

Dance Drama teams are composed of between 8 and 20 dancers. The choreography is required to portray a "specifically Irish historical or traditional story, event or theme" and may be between 4 and 6 minutes in length, as well as a five-minute period before and after the performance for preparing and clearing the stage. Like the figure dance, the story accompanying the choreography is read publicly beforehand, and it is common for music to be pre-recorded. Simple changes of stage lighting and the use of portable props are permitted during the choreography. Teams are judged on the quality of choreography, execution of dancing, costuming and the "impact on adjudicator". The style of choreography has been described as a combination of Irish dance with physical theatre, due to its heavy reliance on mime and facial expression, and is of particular attraction to professional choreographers. It also contains elements of eighteenth-century pantomime.

Since 2002, the Dance Drama event has been held in a separate venue to the main Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne competitions. Later, a special printed program was introduced for the event to cater for increased ticket sales among general audiences. In addition, interval acts were added to maintain a professional quality while the stage was reset for each team's performance. The Dance Drama event, along with the figure dancing championship, is often described as the "highlight" of the World Championships.

Music
Musical accompaniment for the dancers has been provided by live musicians throughout the history of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne; the only exceptions are the figure dance and Dance Drama championships where pre-recorded accompaniment is increasingly common. Modern practice is that the usual instruments are piano accordion and electronic keyboard, although music has been provided on other traditional instruments such as fiddle. Accompanists at the Worlds are increasingly former dancers or practising teachers, as the demands of providing music for dance competitions require an understanding of the environment.

Concurrent events and facilities
An opening ceremony including formalities with An Coimisiún and Gaelic League officials, as well as entertainment items, is held on the first day of the championships. This ceremony often includes representation of the countries in attendance with flags. The Oireachtas Committee also organises performances from local entertainers, including regional folk dancers and folk musicians to increase the event's appeal to the general public.

A large facility in close proximity to the competition venue is typically set aside for vendors of dance–related products. These include specialised shoes, wigs, makeup and memorabilia. Designers of competition costumes also operate stalls to promote their design services.

A practice floor is set aside for competing dancers to warm up before their competition.

Publicity
Local dignitaries, including ambassadors of Ireland and other countries represented at the Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne, are frequently involved with the event. The Worlds have also been attended by the President of Ireland on a number of occasions.

A 1995 documentary, by producer Michele Fox for London Weekend Television, examined Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne, held that year in Dublin.

The 2010 Sue Bourne film Jig followed eight dancers on their journey to the 40th World Championships, held in Glasgow in 2010. Bourne initially struggled to obtain permission for the film from An Coimisiún because of their concerns about protecting dancers' original choreography, but was eventually allowed to produce the film on the basis of its potential publicity benefits.

An Coimisiún Le Rincí Gaelacha has officially expressed disappointment that the Worlds do not receive proportionate media coverage when held in Ireland, given that the event is not typically attended by any television stations like the Irish national broadcaster RTÉ.

Notable champions

 * Michael Flatley, who starred in the 1994 Eurovision interval act which became Riverdance, and multiple subsequent Irish dance shows, won his first World Championship in 1975 at the age of 17. He was the first non-European in any age group to win a section at Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne.
 * Jean Butler, who performed alongside Flatley as the female lead in the Riverdance interval act, won several Worlds titles during her competitive dance career.
 * Colin Dunne, who later became a choreographer and performer in Riverdance and Dancing on Dangerous Ground and then transitioned to contemporary dance, was the first dancer to win a World Championship in the same year as the All England and All Ireland championships, which he did in 1978 at the age of 9.
 * Colm O'Se won 10 World titles between 1983 and 1992, more than any other dancer in the history of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne.
 * Michaela Hinds retired from competitive Irish dance in 2017 after winning 7 solo championships, more than any other North American in the history of Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne.
 * Julia O'Rourke won her first solo championship in 2010 and was featured in the Jig documentary. She won further titles in 2014, 2015 and 2017 before her retirement from competition.

title: Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne


text:
Reaktor/Modules

Groups of Reaktor Modules

 * Panel
 * MIDI In
 * MIDI Out
 * Math
 * Signal Path
 * Oscillator
 * Sampler
 * Sequencer
 * LFO, Envelope
 * Filter
 * Delay
 * Audio Modifier
 * Event Processing
 * Auxiliary
 * Terminal

title: Reaktor/Modules


text:
User:Devin.Buska

Hi! I am Devin. I am a new user and at the Kohler Art center in Sheboygan, Wisconsin.

title: User:Devin.Buska


text:
Juvtinden

Juvtinden is a mountain in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 1,138 m.a.s.l. The mountain is surrounded by the glaciers of Snøkuvbreen, Steindolpbreen, Lundbreen and Juvbreen. A nearby mountain of Juvtinden is Steindolptoppen.

title: Juvtinden


text:
Digital information literacy

The ability to access, interpret and create digital information has increased its level of importance in the continuum of literacy in recent years. The use of computers, the Internet and the World Wide Web has become integral to many forms of information access, communication, and knowledge generally. This change is having an impact on common understandings about information, communication and knowledge - causing many to ask fundamental questions like: what is reliable information? How do we communicate effectively? and how do we develop and maintain knowledge?

Objectives
Access
 * Understand how digital information is created, stored and transported; and how to establish Internet connectivity and a network.
 * Know how to use at least three search techniques to find digital information
 * Know how to use RSS to manage information flows

Interpret
 * Be able to identify a range of digital formats and their uses
 * Be able to use machine translation, speech to text, and audio transcription services
 * Understand copyright as it is applied to digital works and believe in your self

Create
 * Be able to use at least three different input and recording technologies
 * Be able to edit text, audio and images
 * Know at least three ways to publish your own digital information

What is digital

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_signal
 * http://youtube.com/watch?v=NLlGopyXT_g
 * http://youtube.com/watch?v=m8lXOTODLlg

What is digital information literacy? - It is the ability to identify, use, acknowledge, create and evaluate information sourced from an electronic device such as a computer or a cell phone.

Storage and transportation

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_%28computing%29
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_server
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_server
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_server
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_server
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer

Format

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_format
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_file
 * http://youtube.com/watch?v=CzUjicheqwM

Interfaces
Some interfaces which are used for accessing digital information - databases, datasets, electronic libraries, Internet, other multimedia - problem-solving so users can navigate sources and understand their scope

Facilities
Portals (a website often within an intranet serving as a guide or point of entry to the World Wide Web and usually including a search engine or a collection of links to other sites arranged especially by topic). Search engines (computer programmes called 'spiders' search their database of previously indexed pages from the WWW for keywords you have specified. An example would be google. RSS feeds (If you have subscribed to a particular site by setting up an RSS feed, you will be sent notification of any new updates to that site. RSS Feeds let you know when there is new stuff to see at your favourite sites, blogs etc.) Subject Gateway ,Catalogue,Directory (a list of internet resources e.g. OMNI. A directory has been created by a human being and it lists websites by subject categories. The websites have all been evaluated previously and are deemed to be useful.),Internet tutorials (Tutorials available online about how to find information effectively),Internet detective.

Searching
search engines, subject directories, gateways etc.
 * Data sets e.g. Citation Index, databases, data centres

Communications media
Discussion boards, email lists, IM channels, blog comments, video conferencing...

Publishing

 * Beautiful.AI -- Presentation Builder
 * Piktochart -- Infographic Builder
 * Padlet -- Board to publish

Formats
There are several different formats used for digital information - text, audio, video, images, blogs, wikis etc.

Copyright
Options for copyright - creative commons, JISC models, copyright licensing Ltd.

This module will need to be linked to search strategies, evaluating and ethics modules.

Software
Examples of software packages for enterprise resource planning systems, integrated library systems, course management systems, management information systems, blogs/cms, Wiki's and institutional repository's.
 * GNU Eprints for generating an "Open Access" (OA) "Institutional Repository" (IR)
 * Open ils - integrated library system, developed by the Georgia Public Library Service
 * eduCommons is an OpenCourseWare management system
 * WIKINDX - for academic writing
 * Mediawiki - Wiki software for educational projects
 * Wordpress - Blog, CMS for learners
 * Moodle - LMS
 * Google Classroom - Online LMS Platform
 * Dspace - digital repository system
 * Guten is a tool to browse, retrieve, read and manage electronic books published by Project Gutenberg.
 * Firefox web browser with extensions.

title: Digital information literacy


text:
Introduction to Abstract Algebra/Problem set 1

Problem Set #1: Introduction to Abstract Algebra.

As you work through these problems, think about the logical steps you are using. You should know if your proof is correct or not if you have a reason for every step.

1: If$$B \subset A$$, prove $$A \cup B = A$$ and conversely

2: Prove $$( A \cap B ) \cap C = A \cap ( B \cap C )$$

3: Prove $$A \cup ( B \cap C ) = ( A \cup B ) \cap ( A \cup C )$$

4: Define the set C' to be the complement of the set C relative to a defined universal set U for which $$C \subset U$$ such that $$\forall c \in C, c \notin C'$$. Prove that $$( A \cap B )' = A' \cup B'$$ and $$( A \cup B )' = A' \cap B'$$.


text:
Estaus Palace

The Estaus Palace (Paço dos Estaus; Palácio dos Estaus) in Rossio Square, in Lisbon, was the headquarters of the Portuguese Inquisition. The original palace was built on the north side of the square around 1450 as lodging for foreign dignitaries and noblemen visiting Lisbon.

Portuguese Inquisition
In 1536, during the reign of King John III, the Inquisition was installed in Portugal, and the palace eventually became the seat of the institution. The palace had a prison and tribunal where the accused of heresy, witchcraft, and, particularly of secretly practising the Jewish faith (New Christians), were subjected to trial, persecution, torture, and execution. Rossio square and nearby St. Domingos square were frequently used as setting for public executions. The first official auto-da-fé took place in 1540.

Among the thousands of people accused by the Inquisition and held in the prison of the Estaus are important personalities like historian Damião de Góis, poet Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage and dramatist António José da Silva, nicknamed "the Jew", executed by the Inquisition in 1737.

The Inquisition Palace was heavily damaged in the catastrophic 1755 Lisbon earthquake, but was rebuilt under designs by Carlos Mardel. This building was destroyed by fire in 1836. The Inquisition was not abolished in Portugal until 1821.

Teatro Nacional D. Maria II
Thanks to the efforts of writer Almeida Garrett, the palace was replaced in 1842 by the Teatro Nacional D. Maria II, built to a Neoclassical design by Italian architect Fortunato Lodi. The theatre stands today on the site of the old Estaus Palace. A statue of Renaissance Portuguese playwright Gil Vicente is located over the pediment of the theatre. Ironically, some of Gil Vicente's plays had been censured by the Inquisition in the late 16th century.

title: Estaus Palace


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Zamia elegantissima

Zamia elegantissima is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is found on the Atlantic Coast of Colón Province, Panama.

title: Zamia elegantissima


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molestia

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) annoyance, bother, trouble
 * 2)  harassment
 * 3)  breakup termination of a romantic relationship
 * 1)  breakup termination of a romantic relationship

Usage notes

 * This is a false friend of English molestation.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) trouble, troublesomeness, irksomeness
 * 2) uneasiness, annoyance
 * 3) molestation
 * 4) vexation, disgust, dislike

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) trouble, nuisance, inconvenience, bother
 * 2) discomfort health-related or bodily pain
 * 1) discomfort health-related or bodily pain

title: molestia


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Sag resistance test

Paint and other coatings that are on slanted or vertical surfaces tend to sag when first applied. The thickness of the coating as well as the composition and viscosity will affect the overall sagging and conversely the sag resistance. In order to find the sag resistance of a coating a simple test is used. A metal applicator bar is used along with a Drawdown card.

The applicator is U-shaped and is manufactured with a set of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) wide notches. The notches are spaced 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) apart. The applicator bar is 5 inches (127 mm) wide and leaves 3 3/8 inches (86 mm) of applied coating behind after use. After the bar is drawn down the card with the coating, a series of parallel stripes with varying film thickness will be formed. The card is then placed on a vertical surface with the thickest of the stripes at the bottom. The coating will then sag downward and the clearance of the gap that produces the thickest film stripe, not sagging completely to the stripe below, is the anti-sag index of the coating.

title: Sag resistance test


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User:Maqboollari

Maqbool ahmed is a wing chun master who live in lar town of deoria u.p. state of India since 1998

title: User:Maqboollari


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Olive rockfish

The olive rockfish, Acanthoclinus fuscus, is a longfin of the family Plesiopidae. Found only in New Zealand's intertidal zone and in rock pools at low tide, the fish grow to a length of up to 30 cm. They are permanent inhabitants of the intertidal zone, which demonstrate homing behaviour, and are found in pools among rocks or boulders. If the conditions in these pools become unsuitable they may leave the pools. Their diet consists mostly of invertebrates, mainly crustaceans and molluscs. They are able to breathe air. This species swims with a sinuous motion similar to an eel. The male guards the eggs. Olive rockfish are black with a distinctive white band on the head. They can be found in Moncks Bay in Christchurch New Zealand at High tide in winter months as well.

title: Olive rockfish