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User:Leuk he/hideos

Hide Overshares
This is a feature designed to balance the upload of chunks within a file. It is especially useful for releasers who wish to spread the file in as few uploads as possible, but it could be useful for any responsible uploader.

It works by hiding chunks, which were uploaded significantly more than other chunks, from downloaders. This causes downloaders to request other, less shared, chunks. If all chunks were uploaded equally, all chunks are shared. The exact number of uploads which qualify as "significantly more" is selected by the uploader.

For example, a releaser may choose to set overshares to 2. Then, if one of the chunks is fully uploaded twice, it is hidden from the people downloading the file. Once the remaining chunks are fully uploaded at least once, the chunk is shown again. If that chunk is uploaded once more, than it is once again upload 2 times more than the remaining chunks, and it is once again hidden.

If overshares are set to 1, each chunk will only be uploaded once until the file is completely uploaded, and then the process restarts.

Note that the measure of whether a chunk is overshared is done compared to the least uploaded chunk. This means, on one hand, that an overshared chunk does not remain permanently hidden, but becomes visible again once the rest of the file is uploaded. On the other hand, it means that if a file is only partially uploaded, it is not enough to make an overshared chunk visible, since the file has to be fully uploaded.

Newer implementations of the feature ignore chunks which cannot be uploaded when looking for the least shared chunk. These include unavailable chunks from a part-file, and chunks the downloading clients already has. This is to ensure at least one chunk which can actually be uploaded would be visible. It simply preserves balance within the part of the file that can be uploaded, while allowing that part to become unbalanced compared to the part which cannot be uploaded.

The actual measurement of how many times a chunk was uploaded is based on the spread bars information, so this feature cannot exist without spread bars.

This feature was originally created by SlugFiller.

Selective Chunk Sharing
This strengthened version of Hide Overshares reveals only a single chunk to the user. When more than one chunk is sharable, a random chunk is chosen to be shown to the user.

It also ensures that each user is shown a different chunk, as possible, and when a chunk must be shown twice, the least-shared chunks get first priority.

This makes sure users are forced to download various parts of the file, so the end result is the file becoming shared in a balanced manner. It is more pre-emptive compared to standard Hide Overshares, since Hide Overshares only ensures balance after the file is uploaded partially, while Selective Chunk Sharing makes sure that the file is downloaded in a balanced manner from the start.

Like Hide Overshares, it ensures the revealed chunk can be uploaded to the downloading client.

title: User:Leuk he/hideos


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User:Director kabir chaudhary

KABIR CHAUDHARY is an Indian film director and cinematographer. His work as a filmmaker include the films AFTER THE DEATH, JAAUN KAHAN, LOVE ME & FAKE LOVE which is currently the fourth highest grossing Bollywood film worldwide.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Director kabir chaudhary


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Talk:Musical instruments/Keyboard instruments

this is so bad... the piano is used in nearly all forms of western music?!
 * Well, go ahead and fix it! Its a wiki :) --Draicone (talk) 05:22, 5 October 2006 (UTC)

School
Is School:Music going to bring this article up to scratch? It is an excellent candidate for Featured if it can be brought up to speed and rewritten a little. --Draicone (talk) 05:22, 5 October 2006 (UTC)


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How To Search/AND-AND

AND - AND skunk AND tomato This is a list of searches that use "AND" or "and" for the AND boolean operator. For example typing the example above in a search box would find all items searched which have both of the words "skunk" and "tomato" in it.

Items below marked with "lower case also" may use "AND" or "and" as a boolean operator in a search. Other searches use only "AND".

Search Engines/Software/Interfaces

 * ../BioMed Central/
 * ../Library of Congress/
 * ../Millennium-III/ "lower case also"
 * ../MOBIUS Consortium/
 * ../OhioLINK/
 * ../Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/

title: How To Search/AND-AND


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Ugo Zorco

Ugo Zorco (born 16 February 1938) is an Italian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

title: Ugo Zorco


text:
User:PierreMarsal/Books/Motorized Combat Vehicles of WW1

Armored Land combat vehicles of World War 1

 * History
 * History of the tank

 * Early Concepts 1903 - 1915
 * Leonardo's fighting vehicle

 * French Concepts
 * Levavasseur project
 * Boirault machine
 * Frot-Laffly armoured roller
 * Breton-Prétot machine
 * Souain experiment

 * British Concepts
 * Little Willie
 * Flying Elephant
 * Pedrail Machine

 * Rusian Concepts
 * Tsar Tank
 * Vezdekhod
 * Mendeleev Tank

 * United States Concepts
 * CLB 75 Tank
 * Skeleton tank
 * Killen-Strait

 * The Great War 1915 - 1919
 * France World War 1 motorized combat vehicles
 * FCM 1A
 * Renault FT
 * Schneider CA1
 * Char 2C
 * Saint-Chamond (tank)
 * Peugeot armoured car
 * Autocanon de 47 Renault
 * Canon de 75 antiaérien mle 1913-1917
 * Canon de 194 mle GPF
 * Canon de 220 L mle 1917
 * Mortier 280 mm TR de Schneider sur affût-chenilles St Chamond

 * British Empire World War 1 motorized combat vehicles
 * British heavy tanks of World War I
 * Mark IV tank
 * Mark V tank
 * Mark VI tank
 * Medium Mark A Whippet
 * Medium Mark B
 * Medium Mark C
 * Mark VIII tank
 * Austin Armoured Car
 * Delaunay-Belleville armoured car
 * Lanchester armoured car
 * Rolls-Royce Armoured Car
 * Seabrook armoured lorry
 * Gun Carrier Mark I
 * Mark IX tank

 * German Empire World War 1 motorized combat vehicles
 * A7V
 * K-Wagen
 * LK I
 * LK II
 * Sturmpanzerwagen Oberschlesien
 * Büssing A5P
 * Ehrhardt E-V/4
 * 7.7 cm Leichte Kraftwagengeschütze M1914

 * Italy World War 1 motorized combat vehicles
 * Fiat 2000
 * Lancia 1ZM
 * Lancia 1Z
 * Cannon 102/35 Model 1914

 * United States World War 1 motorized combat vehicles
 * Ford 3-Ton M1918
 * Holt gas electric tank
 * Steam tank
 * Davidson-Cadillac armored car
 * King Armored Car
 * White armored car
 * Steam Wheel Tank

 * Russia World War 1 motorized combat vehicles
 * Fiat-Omsky armoured car
 * Garford-Putilov Armoured Car
 * 76 mm air-defense gun M1914/15

 * Other motorized vehicles of World War 1
 * Minerva Armored Car
 * Armoured Autocar
 * Jeffery armored car


text:
Dishdish

Dishdish (, also Romanized as Dīshdīsh and Dīsh Dīsh) is a village in Eshaqabad Rural District, Zeberkhan District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 519, in 140 families.

title: Dishdish


text:
User:Rishuflora/sandbox

Rishu Flora socially available on:

Instagram: rishuflora Vine: rishuflora Snapchat: rishuflora

title: User:Rishuflora/sandbox


text:
Gokarna, West Bengal

Gokarna is a village in the Kandi CD block in the Kandi subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.

Location
Gokarna is located at 24.0541°N, 88.1176°W.

Area overview
The area shown in the map alongside, covering Berhampore and Kandi subdivisions, is spread across both the natural physiographic regions of the district, Rarh and Bagri. The headquarters of Murshidabad district, Berhampore, is in this area. The ruins of Karnasubarna, the capital of Shashanka, the first important king of ancient Bengal who ruled in the 7th century, is located 9.6 km south-west of Berhampore. The entire area is overwhelmingly rural with over 80% of the population living in the rural areas.

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivisions. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Gokarna had a total population of 16,198, of which 8,293 (51%) were males and 7,905 (49%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 1,919. The total number of literate persons in Gokarna was 9,452 (66.20% of the population over 6 years).

Transport
State Highway 11, running from Mahammad Bazar (in Birbhum district) to Ranaghat (in Nadia district) passes through Gokarna. This section is locally popular as Badshahi Road.

Education
Gokarna P.M. High School was established in 1905 and has facilities for teaching from class V – XII.

Healthcare
Gokarna Rural Hospital functions with 15 beds.

title: Gokarna, West Bengal


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Talk:Confluence Park

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Confluence Park. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120120230737/http://www.denvergov.org/Default.aspx?alias=www.denvergov.org%2Fparksandrecreation to http://www.denvergov.org/Default.aspx?alias=www.denvergov.org%2Fparksandrecreation

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:57, 12 August 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Confluence Park


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What is a program?

Overview
In this lesson we will discuss the different aspects of a program, the different form it may take and how it can be compiled such that a computer can understand and execute it.

Goals
At the end of this lesson, the students will know the difference between an algorithm, a computer program and a compiled executable.

Of Humans, Computers and Programs
A program is a collection of instructions that describe a task.

This rather simple definition can go a long way. Every recipe, for example, is a program. The instruction for assembling your favourite Ikea nighttable is a program. When you go to the theater, the actors on stage follow (hopefully) a program. Even for life in general we're constantly asked to "get with the program", whatever it is.

Humans are generally pretty flexible when it comes to interpreting programs. When the recipe tells us to slice the tomatoes it doesn't tell us how, or to use a knife. If we don't know that, we're probably better off not cooking in the first place and probably shouldn't be using knives anyway.

The limiting factor in the successful execution of programs is usually language and/or detail of the description.

If the recipient doesn't speak the language, no amount of hollering will get him or her to correctly perform the task you are describing -- even if that language is English. That's why Ikea likes to print its assembly instructions as pictograms -- the bar for correctly understanding images is much lower that that for correctly understanding Swedish.

Similarly, no amount of mastery of the Swedish language will get you around putting the wrong screws in the wrong holes (two wrongs don't make a right here -- there are more screws and holes than you think) if you are not told where they go. Simply printing an image of the finished nighttable won't get anybody anywhere -- which is why there is pretty much one image for each set of screws.

Given a set of decent instructions -- in a decent language and at a decent amount of detail -- is still, however, no guarantee that the human in charge of the nighttable won't mess it up anyway. That is so because, however flexible humans are at interpreting programs, they successfully compensate for it with laziness, inattention or plain ineptness.

This is why computers were developed. Computers are neither lazy, inattentive nor inept. They are able to perform a set of tasks blazingly fast. The limitation, however, is the same as for any human that can preform a task blazingly fast: they don't think. Therefore, in order for a computer to actually do something useful blazingly fast, we have to give it very, very detailed instructions. And since most computers don't speak Swedish, we have to give them these detailed instructions in a language they understand.

Computer Executables
The language which a computer understands is generally called assembly language. This language consists of a very basic set of operations such as

 * Read a number from somewhere in memory
 * Multiply that number with some other number
 * Write the resulting number somewhere else in memory

As you may imagine, writing programs such as a web browser or the latest first-person shooter can be a somewhat long and tedious task. This is why programs are rarely written directly in assembly language -- they are usually written in computer programming languages and automatically translated (compiled) to assembly language.

Computer Programs
What we usually refer to as computer programs are higher-level descriptions of what the computer should do

Algorithms
algorithm ialah buto mak ko laa...aku tgh kuiz nih...

title: What is a program?


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Wikipedia talk:Featured article candidates/Philosophy of mind

Is that it?? What does it mean when you get four supports and two or three comments? Is this considered bad or good? What does consensus mean anyway? Consensus of two against 1? Unanimity of all participants in the discussion? Consensus of all of Wikipedia? I donìt understand this wierdness.--Lacatosias 16:30, 20 March 2006 (UTC)


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Wikibooks talk:Information technology bookshelf

Let's start some books or topics today to address these issues
I do NOT believe this is the place for technical support for programming and hardware "issues."

This form of support is provided by an enormous collection of well established and documented resources. There are countless mailing lists and news groups and IRC channels that you can subscribe to if you need support, developer information, get answers to your questions or hear the latest news.

To address some of these issues:

Let's go for it. I have started two books below that I believe may help.

Book of Technical Support

Forms of Technical Support
Technical support for hardware and software issues are provided by an enormous collection of well established and documented resources. There are countless mailing lists and news groups and IRC channels that you can subscribe to if you need support, developer information, get answers to your questions or hear the latest news.

Mailing lists provide users and interested parties support and communication through the use of email. Anyone can join a mailing list and as a member you will automatically recieve and be able to send questions, comments or news on any topic that the group supports. To join any of the known mailing lists below, visit the link indicated, follow the simple instructions to join and have fun! The requirements to join a list are generally as obtrusive a joining wikipedia.com.

IRC channels provide support by means of "live" chat.

News Groups provide support in a manner similar to "Mailing List." To subscribe to a news group.....

The following list of software support resources are organized alphabetically by the common name of the application or programming language.

My suggestion is lets make like as simple to begin, like keep it alphabetically. As the size of the lists grow, we can re-group, sort, as needed.

I suggest a list of external links are created in the wiki tradition as follows...

where,

 is the url of the mail subscribe page, news server, or IRC channel as required by our wiki.  is the name common name of the software title or programming language.  := email | news | irc  := active | inactive | archive

C Programming Language
SNIPPETS C programming conference email [ FidoNet  SNIPPETS C programming conference C_Echo Gateway to the FidoNet ]

Python List
Python List email large, active list for the discussion of all issues related to Python Programming

Doc-SIG -- Python Documentation Special Interest Group email active list for the discussion of issues related to ...

--

Book of IT Software Standards

Part 1 - Software Standards
A list of the known industry or community standards and where copies of these standards can be located and/ or reviewed. For example:

RFC - 1 RFC - 2 ASCII ANSI - help me out XML ANSI C FORTRAN Common Lisp HTML 3.0 ISO Standards

Book of Hardware

I have a very related concern to the one expressed below. Namely I think there should be a kind of project in wikibooks devoted to technical support for hardware and software. I am not sure if this is the place to talk about this but if anyone knows a better place could they please direct me or just copy my post to that place. Right now I usually debug problems I have with my computer by going on google and doing searches. This method is usually effective but sometimes it is problematic because the solution to problems is often stored within support forums and google sometimes does not do a good job searching these forums. Anyways I think there should be a bookshelf within IT devoted to technical support of any hardware/software. This technical support should be organized by books devoted to pieces of software or hardware. They should include extensive list of problems, error messeges and reasons for the problems as well as proposed solutions.

--Assman 06:28, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I'm not sure if this would be a good place, but it's closest I got so far. What I have been thinking about is the ever-repeated question of "will work or be worth anything" that nags especially non-windos people. It would be nice to have a large-ish wiki that has a net of descriptions of manufacturers, devices, drivers and standards & interfaces and descriptions and relations where possible.

Particularly sought-after is information like "Is the Foocorp Idlemaster 2000 an usb storage device that will work everywhere or a proprietary protocol doorstop whose support will be buried in half-a year when the company goes under and/or I update my OS?" or "Will this phone eat Hayes/AT over IR or EIA-[24]32? OBEX?" etc. Likewise for things that appear as serial devices, support changer commands etc.

Manufacturers are obscenely bad at producing this information and with the customer base they have, they don't have to. There is also little incentive for them to support aging hardware.

As for the wiki, for example under usb-storage, you would have a list of devices that appear as usb storage devices. It might have a link to Linux usb-storage.o and equivalent drivers on other systems. Each would have a list of devices that have been confirmed to work.

This could also contain parts lists for "special" manufacturers, eg Sun or IBM part numbers, what they are, what they fit in and what drivers or os versions they work with etc. Many user groups (like TUHS) might also be interested in getting something more than scattered personal repositories for their objects of interest.

The wiki could be as coherent or fragmented, as large or focused as people manage to make it. Databases are just too heavy and often specialized.

--Blades 22:00, 10 May 2004 (UTC)

Disorganization
Why is there no hardware and software umbrella categories in the Information Technology bookshelf? --Lordscissorhand 14:58, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Reorganisation of IT Bookshelf
I've given the subject some more thought. I'm thinking that the separation of the monolothic 'IT bookshelf' into three (below) might aid navigability.
 * Computer Science - All topics related to the research of computer use and technology.
 * Programming - Language guides, framework guides, software design guides, patterns etc.
 * IT/IS - All software guides, technology guides, certification etc.

The problem would then be catagorising books. It is sometimes hard to make a distinction between computer science and the other two catagories. The question is - do we want to make as general a distinction as possible at the 'bookshelf' level (i.e only have two (see below)), or try to define clearly several new IT related bookshelves?

Robcowie 12:30, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * It'd be fine with that. I've already been standardizing true CS books to be put in the namespace "Computer Science:". The defintion is: if a university would teach a course on the subject in their computer science department, then it belongs as a Computer Science book. I wouldn't make the defintion so narrow to be "research of computer use and technology". To me, Computer Science is "the study of the creation, analysis, and limits of computations; for different computational models". An algorithms book covers both the analysis and creation of computations, while an intro to programming book would only cover the creation. Theorhetical computer science studies the limits.

 * Whatever the case, Computer Science does seem a bit out of place with the IT books. MShonle 01:15, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * (Also, I like the three categories: Programming, Computer Science, and IT. An intro to the MFC classes isn't an IT book, but it certainly isn't computer science (and thus it's "programming" instead). MShonle)

I agree that a reorganization should take place. I think that the horizontal listing of books at the top of the page doesn't quite match the organization of books once it gets organized below, which is kind of disorienting. It seems that the horizontal listing is what people first encounter when visiting the bookshelf pages, but the breakdown that occurs later in the IT page is how people seem to want to organize it as books become more developed or as more books are added. jotaboca 02:36, 7 Mar 2005 (UTC)

It seems to me that the IT bookshelf has outgrown itself. There are many books that could be more easily found if moved to new sections. For example, there is a 'Computer Science' bookshelf within the IT bookshelf. However, some of its books should perhaps not be in it. It is also not directly linked to from within the IT bookshelf. There are therefore several books that do not appear in the IT bookshelf list and con only be located by searching.

I suggest that - as well as a reorganisation of the topics within the IT bookshelf, it should be split into two bookshelves:
 * 'Computing' - for non-academic books such as software guides, certification books and Linux install guides.
 * 'Information Science' - for more technical, advanced topics such as Programming, software design, hardware design etc.

I'm new to the wiki so I don't yet fully understand the concept of moving books, or the difference between modules, books and pages. Consequently, I haven't figured out the best way to proceed should this idea be accepted by users.

Any thoughts would be gratefully recieved.

Robcowie 17:23, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Shouldn't we create the subcategory Computer Science/Logic to put there Logic for Computer Scientists and 21 Century Math Method? (In the future these books should share some content either by inclusion or reference.) What to do with the template (Template:IT bookshelf) regarding CS logic topic? What's about refering 21 Century Math Method from there? -- Porton (Apr 22, 2005), you can reply at User_talk:Porton

 * I think Computer Science related books could all go under the umbrella of Computer Science for now: there's aren't too many true CS books (most are Programming or IT books), so there isn't much need for finer grained categories. As for sharing information, this seems to be a tough problem: What we've been doing with the Data Structures and Algorithms books is to let some of the content just be copies. It makes the books stand out on their own better, and creates more opportunities. (Also, keeping a tight integration of chapters in the same book makes it a better book. Having to keep a couple of chapters independent is more of a headache than having two similar, but not the same, portions of text out there). Because it's all GFDL anyway copying poses no real problems and a little redundancy can be good. MShonle 00:31, 4 May 2005 (UTC)

I vote for the split in some manner. Any of the above suggestions work for me. I'm not fond of the partial listing plus the full listing below. But, I'm too lazy to do much about it so I won't complain. :-) liblamb 04:44, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

The IT Bookshelf has been massacred! Books are missing and whole sections are gone. I'm going to try and clean it up a little bit, but I need another set of eyes to try and figure out what happened. I'm not talking just stuff moved to the new Computer Science bookshelf, but stuff that was supposedly moved there has not been moved but simply deleted. I'll see what can be done, and somebody else check over what I've done Rob Horning 20:38, 1 Jul 2005 (UTC)
 * I found out where everything went. There was a separate bookshelf just for Computer Science.  I was trying to find where some of the books went that were previously on the front page for the IT bookshelf, and somewhat legitimately it was missing.  I created a template for the front page that deals with just Computer Science, and put back some of the books that were there, as well as the broad categories that were previously deleted due to the reorganization.  On the whole, I think it has turned out pretty well, and something long overdue.  Thanks is due to User Darklama for doing most of the heavy lifting.  I did, however, put Computer Programming languages back into this bookshelf, at least until it legitimately deserves its own totally separate spot on the front page... or until a substantial reorganization of the front page occurs somehow.Rob Horning 06:00, 2 Jul 2005 (UTC)

why all the computer sections
Why all the computer sections? I would like to contribute some of my knowledge, but the whole situation seems far too disorganized.

Is there a good reason why there are three? Computing bookshelf, Computer Science bookshelf and IT bookshelf. (unknown)

 * I'm wondering about the same myself. What about merging them? --Orderud 10:58, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

I don't think we need to merge the three book shelves. Here's what an ideal organization would be: That's just my two cents, but the differences between CS and IT are so great that they shouldn't belong on the same shelf.
 * 1) Computer Science -- the more "math-like" stuff you would get in college
 * 2) Programming -- language guides, library tutorials, programming tips and recipies
 * 3) IT -- about computer programs, using them, set up of networks, so long as you aren't writing much "code"

For example, a programming guide to the Python language would not be considered "computer science" unless perhaps it was really an intro book teaching programming (that just happened to use Python) or it was actually an advanced book teaching some other CS concept. Thus, there is a need to split CS with Programming (because, similarly, a guide to the MFC library is not a computer science topic either, in as much as a manual for repairing a car does not count as Physics). Further, a guide to using Photoshop wouldn't be considered programming nor computer science, so we need an IT shelf. --MShonle 18:56, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

Merging with Programming:Serial Data Communications

 * This discussion was copied to here from Talk:Serial communications bookshelf.

See also Talk:Programming:Serial Data Communications

This is a bookshelf, not a Wikibook. It isn't my fault that the rest of the Wikibooks on this bookshelf are dead and not making any progress. IMHO, get rid of the merge request and let this bookshelf stay quiet or merge it somehow into the Computer Science bookshelf. This is just a Wikibook organizational tool. Considering that this bookshelf has stayed more stable for the past several months while the Computer Science bookshelf has been heavily modified and broken off from the Information Technology bookshelf with other massive reorganizations goes to show that perhaps this bookshelf is needed anyway. --Rob Horning 04:09, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Oops... I admit not reading enough of the material to check if this was a good merge. I only assumed that all pages called "Serial Programming:..." were part of Programming:Serial Data Communications because Serial Programming is currently a redirect there. I forgot that some stuff is not using WB:NC/WB:NP.

 * It seems that this page is a list of books, like Physics. So merging the books into another book (even if that book has chapters starting with "Serial Programming:...") is a bad idea. I will be removing the merge notices soon. --Kernigh 03:19, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I would like to suggest instead that someone changes the Serial Programming redirect to go to this module. --Kernigh 03:24, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

Merged into IT bookshelf
I decided to put these books in a "Serial Communications" section of the existing "Hardware" section of the IT bookshelf. These books are about programming (so they could be put on Computer Science bookshelf too) but they are also about hardware. --Kernigh 21:29, 1 December 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Electronics/DC Voltage and Current

KVL analogies
From the article:

 * Kirchoff's laws can be described with a sentence as "What comes in, must go out". It's that simple.

Not really. KCL works for "what goes in comes out", but KVL is more like "what goes up comes down", but not really. - Omegatron

 * Yes really: Voltage is exactly analagous to height in a gravitational situation.

 * Yeah, but it's not an exact analogy to KVL, is it? KVL is more like "if you go up 5 stairs and go down some stairs and are on the ground, you must have gone down 5 stairs."

 * Here is a better description of it:

 * "Applying KVL is analogous to taking a walk while paying attention to increases and decreases in altitude. If you walk in a loop (ie. you end your walk where you started) the net change in altitude is zero.  This is true for any path that you take for your walk. " - Omegatron 18:28, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I agree, but maybe we could make it even simpler:
 * Kirchoff's laws can be described in 2 sentences: "What comes in, must go out". "What goes up, must come down". It's that simple.

I like the way those sentences hint that the KVL is not *always* true. (because we know "what goes up, must come down" is also not *always* true).

In a very few situations, I need the full equation:

sum( forces on a block of wood ) = mass * change in velocity / time

sum( voltages around a loop ) = area of loop * change in magnetic field / time

In most circuits the magnetic field does not change significantly. In most buildings, bridges, dams, etc., the velocity does not change significantly.

For practical circuit design, I generally assume that

sum( voltages around a loop ) = 0 (not exactly true, but close enough for circuit design)

in the same way that when I design a truss, I generally assume that

sum( forces on a block of wood ) = 0 (not exactly true, but close enough for bridge design).

-- DavidCary 14:17, 3 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Removed from article
In parallel voltage...

 * you can't have ideal voltage sources in parallel, if this is what is meant by this statement. it is equivalent to saying 3=5.  With source impedances, like real cells, they can be in parallel, but that would be silly...

The flow a circuit is that of a potential drop.

 * what??

de-emphasize current divider?
Voltage dividers are important to know. The idea of a voltage divider equation is used in many different circuits -- bandpass filters, power loss in power lines, etc. Is the current divider really that important? What is it used for? If it's not that important, perhaps we could de-emphasize it. Make it a "study problem" to practice Ohm's law? (or perhaps Thevenin or Norton equivalent circuits)? --DavidCary 04:09, 28 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree that voltage dividers are more often used. But this does not mean that current dividers are unimportant in electronic circuit analysis involving current sources it is easier to use current divider than voltage divider.  Currently I would say that voltage dividers are already more emphasised than current dividers.  I am not aware of any practical use of it.  The only use I can think of is if you wanted to have two different currents flowing in two different branches of the circuit.  But it is a useful in circuit analysis especially when there are current sources instead of voltage sources. --IKnowNothing 18:46, 28 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Electronics/DC Voltage and Current


text:
Java Math Class

Note: All functions in class Math are static, meaning you do not have to create an instance of it.

Functions
Math.abs - Use this with an integer, float, long, or double. It returns the absolute value of what you ask. Math.random - No parameter. It returns a double from 0 - 1. Add more particularly useful.. Go to http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/java/lang/Math.html for more.

title: Java Math Class


text:
Matthew Haanappel

Matthew Anthony "Matt" Haanappel, (born 21 May 1994) is an Australian Paralympic swimmer. He was born in Wantirna, Victoria and resides in the far eastern suburbs of Melbourne. He has cerebral palsy right hemiplegia. Haanappel has represented Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics, the 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships, the 2014 Pan Pacific Para Swimming Championships, the 2016 Summer Paralympics, and the 2018 Commonwealth Games. He represents the Camberwell Grammar School Aquatic club.

Personal
Haanappel was born on 21 May 1994, with cerebral palsy right hemiplegia as a result of a prenatal stroke. His disability severely impairs his fine motor skills and dexterity due to the spasticity in his right hand. Matthew attended the Cerebral Palsy Education Centre in Melbourne as a child, and is now an ambassador of the organisation.

Haanappel comes from a family with a strong sporting background. His father Shane is an Australian basketball representative, his brother Adam is an international tennis player, and he is the cousin of retired cyclist Cadel Evans. Haanappel was a student at Croydon Secondary College from 2008 to 2011. During 2012, he deferred his VCE to spend more time training. In 2013, he returned to study at Melba College to complete his VCE.

Haanappel is also an ambassador and advocate for Sport in Victoria, which promotes physical activity and sporting excellence through students in public schools within Victoria.

Swimming
Haanappel is an S6 classified swimmer competing in 50m freestyle, 100m freestyle, 50m butterfly, 100m backstroke, 100m breaststroke and 200m individual medley. He was reclassified in early 2012, having previously competed in S7 events.

He is a full-time member of the Paralympic Swimming Program at the Victorian Institute of Sport, and is also a member of the Camberwell Grammar Aquatic Club when he trains in Melbourne.

Haanappel continues to mentor young swimmers at Lilydale Swimming Club. Internationally, he mostly competes against competitors in his own classification, but domestically he competes against swimmers in all disability classes and sometimes against able bodied swimmers in club and state level competitions.

2005
Haanappel started swimming in 2005 at the Lilydale Swimming Club. First coached by Swimming Victoria SWD Head Coach Karen Garrard and also the club's junior level coach Anne Longridge. He competed at his first competition, the 2005 Victorian Primary School Swimming Championships where he false started at his first ever race.

2006
At age 13, Matthew put his swimming on hold to move with his family to Port Vila, Vanuatu. During this time he took up wheelchair tennis through the Vanuatu Paralympic Committee. Haanappel attended the Port Vila International School.

2007
Haanappel returned to Australia late in 2007.

2008
Midway through 2008, Haanappel decided to rejoin the Lilydale Swimming Club under his old coach Anne Longridge, but after a short period was promoted to the Junior and Senior State Squad under the instruction of Neil and Michael Davis. Haanappel was selected to represent Victoria at the 2008 Pacific School Games in Canberra, receiving silver and bronze medals.

2009
In 2009, Haanappel broke Australian Age Disability Records with Swimming Australia. Haanappel was selected as the Victorian representative for the School Sport Australia Swimming Championships. Subsequently, Haanappel switched coaches to Lawrence Krauter at Lilydale Swimming Club.

2010
Haanappel competed in his first national championship in 2010 and was selected for the Australian Youth Team. At his first international trip at the 2010 Internationale Deutsche Meisterschaften in Berlin, he earned a silver medal in the 50 m Youth Butterfly. Haanappel moved in late 2010 to the Nunawading Swimming Club to join Amanda Isaac and Rohan Taylor at the club's Victorian Institute of Sport High Performance Program.

2011
As an Age competitor he had three first-place finishes, two second-place finishes and three third-place finishes at the 2011 National Age Multi-Class Championships. He travelled to Germany for his second Internationale Deutsche Meisterschaften in Berlin, achieving three gold medals.

2012
In early 2012 prior to the Paralympic Selection Trials, Haanappel trained at the United States Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs alongside Michael Phelps. Haanappel swam at the 2012 Paralympic Trials, achieving three priority two selection times for the 2012 Team.

He was selected for his fourth Victoria School Swimming Team in 2012, and was selected to the position of male team captain for the championships. Haanappel was the first AWD student to have held the role of Male Captain.

In June 2012, Matthew was selected to represent Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in the  200m individual medley, 100m freestyle, 100m backstroke, 50m butterfly, the 50m freestyle events. Going into the London Games, he was ranked fourth in the world in the 50 metre freestyle event and third in the 200 metre individual medley. His training for the 2012 London Paralympics included pilates, gym sessions, pool training, and a relay training camp at the Australian Institute of Sport.

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics he won a gold medal in the Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay (34 points) and a bronze in the Men's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay (34 points).

Towards the end of 2012, after a break from training, Haanappel returned under the coaching of Jonathan Shaw at the University of the Sunshine Coast.

2013
In 2013, Haanappel continued training at the University of the Sunshine Coast through to May when he returned to Melbourne and trained at the DVE Aquatic Club, under the instruction of Brian Miller (coach to the Australian team for the 2011 Pan Pacific Para Swimming Championships).

Haanappel was selected to the Australian Paralympic Swim Team to compete at the 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships in Montreal. He won a bronze medal in the Men's 100 m Freestyle S6. In October, Haanappel moved to the Norwood Swimming Club in Adelaide to help grow a Paralympic Swimming Program at the club.

2014
In 2014, Haanappel moved to the Australian Institute of Sport in Canberra to join the Swimming Australia National Training Centre. He was selected to the Australian Teams attending the Brazilian National Championships and the Pan Pacific Para Swimming Championships, where he won three Gold, two Silver and one Bronze medal.

After the Paralympic Pan Pacific Championships, Haanappel returned to Melbourne to undergo surgery on his left shoulder. He did not swim the end of year's National Short Course Championships.

2015
As of 2015, Haanappel was listed as a supported athlete at the Australian Institute of Sport under Yuriy Vdovychenko, who trains in Melbourne with Ringwood Swimming Club.

2016
Haanappel contested the 2016 Australian Swimming Championships incorporating the 2016 Australian Paralympic Team Trials. He swam 50m and 100m in both Freestyle and Backstroke. He was selected to the Australian Dolphins National Swim Team and listed as an emergency for the 2016 Australian Paralympic Team. Haanappel was called up for formal selection in the 2016 Australian Paralympic Team in August after a nominated athlete was withdrawn. He was then assigned to Swimming Victoria State Team Coach, Michal Skrodzki for his preparation towards the Rio Games.

At the 2016 Rio Paralympics, Haanappel competed in five events. He placed sixth in Mixed 4 x 50m Freestyle (20 points), sixth in 100m Freestyle S6 and fifth in Men's 50m Freestyle S6. Before the Rio Paralympics, Haanappel said that he hoped to inspire others and "show everyone that people with disabilities can achieve things".

2018
Haanappel competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the 50 metre Freestyle S7, placing 6th. He then trained at Camberwell Grammar Aquatic under Matthew Belgiovane.

Recognition

 * 2008: School Sport Victoria AWD Award
 * 2010: Leader Junior Sports Star Encouragement Award
 * 2012: Leader Senior Sports Star of the Year
 * 2012: School Sport Victoria Swimming Award
 * 2012: School Sport Victoria Outstanding Sporting Achievement Award
 * 2012: Victorian Young Achievers Award for Sporting Excellence
 * 2014: Order of Australia Medal following London 2012 Paralympic Games

title: Matthew Haanappel


text:
Carlos Daniel Albornoz Cabrera

Carlos Daniel Albornoz Cabrera (born 26 December 2000) is a Cuban chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 2019. As of August 2023, he is ranked third in Cuba.

Career
In 2018, he won the 30th Carlos Torre Memorial, finishing with 7/9 points and beating Lelys Stanley Martinez Duany, Yuri González Vidal, and Evgeny Shtembuliak on tie-break. In 2009, he won the 31st Carlos Torre Repetto Memorial, again scoring 7/9 points and beating on tie-break Luis Fernando Ibarra Chami, Elier Miranda Mesa, and Bartłomiej Macieja. In 2022, he won the Zonal 2.3 tournament in San Pedro de Macorís with a score of 7.5/9.

He played in the Chess World Cup 2019, where he was defeated by Peter Svidler in the first round. He has also played in the Chess World Cup 2021, losing to Vojtěch Plát in the first round, and the Chess World Cup 2023, where he defeated Alisher Suleymenov in the first round but lost to Bassem Amin in the second round.

title: Carlos Daniel Albornoz Cabrera


text:
User:Chloe mishra

LOOP KINGS

LOOP KINGS started in 2015. It is an Electronic Music mixing company which is specialized in Dj and mixing

title: User:Chloe mishra


text:
User:Dacrevol

TaBJ TaBJ is a design software developed by Professor K.C. based on his research in axial deformation and sweep based geometric modeling. The software was released in August, 2020.

title: User:Dacrevol


text:
Japanese Language/Materials

 Find more Japanese materials by searching Wikiversity's sister projects: Dictionary definitions from Wiktionary Articles from Wikipedia Quotations from Wikiquote Source texts from Wikisource Images and media from Commons News stories from Wikinews

Wikibooks

 * Japanese

Wiktionary

 * Items found at Wiktionary

Wikipedia

 * Items found at Wikipedia

Wikiquote

 * Japanese proverbs
 * Japanese tongue twisters

Commons

 * Category:Japanese pronunciation -- contains audio of pronunciation of Japanese words
 * Category:CJK stroke order -- stroke order for characters (possible learning activity)000
 * Image:Hiragana-strokes-s2.png -- stroke of sa hiragana group
 * Image:Japanese Verbs of Giving.png -- illustration explaining Japanese verbs of giving and receiving (both from the speaker's point of view and from the listener's point of view)
 * Image:Japanese language extension.PNG -- map of speakers of Japanese
 * Image:Japanese vowel chart.png -- IPA vowel chart for Japanese
 * Image:Jappis gor.png -- picture of Japanese fairy tale written horizontally
 * Image:Jappis ver.png -- picture of Japanese fairy tale written vertically
 * Image:Nihongo ichiran 01.png -- The Japanese table, with Hiragana, Katakana, and Romanization of Japanese.

External

 * The Japanese Language -- a reprinted Microsoft Encarta article.
 * Rapid Japanese : V. 1: 200+ Essential Words and Phrases Anchored into Your Long Term Memory with ...
 * renshuu.org (練習.org) -- a collection of vocabulary quizzes in kanji/kana ranging from JLPT tests to vocabulary from Japanese textbooks.
 * Tae Kim's Guide to Japanese -- a free online textbook with thorough explanations on basic, intermediate, advanced, and slang grammar.
 * Romajidesu Kanji -- a free online resources of 12805 Kanji with meaning and stroke order diagrams.
 * FSI Japanese Course -- a public domain online course with audios made by the U.S. Foreign Service Institute.

title: Japanese Language/Materials


text:
Dresvyanka, Altai Krai

Dresvyanka (Дресвянка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Stolbovsky Selsoviet, Kamensky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 411 as of 2013. There are 14 streets.

Geography
Dresvyanka is located 17 km north of Kamen-na-Obi (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novouvalsky is the nearest rural locality.

title: Dresvyanka, Altai Krai


text:
ICAM-1

ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1) also known as CD54 (Cluster of Differentiation 54) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ICAM1 gene. This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein which is typically expressed on endothelial cells and cells of the immune system. It binds to integrins of type CD11a / CD18, or CD11b / CD18 and is also exploited by rhinovirus as a receptor for entry into respiratory epithelium.

Structure
ICAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, the superfamily of proteins including antibodies and T-cell receptors. ICAM-1 is a transmembrane protein possessing an amino-terminus extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a carboxy-terminus cytoplasmic domain. The structure of ICAM-1 is characterized by heavy glycosylation, and the protein’s extracellular domain is composed of multiple loops created by disulfide bridges within the protein. The dominant secondary structure of the protein is the beta sheet, leading researchers to hypothesize the presence of dimerization domains within ICAM-1.

Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a type of intercellular adhesion molecule continuously present in low concentrations in the membranes of leukocytes and endothelial cells. Upon cytokine stimulation, the concentrations greatly increase. ICAM-1 can be induced by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and is expressed by the vascular endothelium, macrophages, and lymphocytes. ICAM-1 is a ligand for LFA-1 (integrin), a receptor found on leukocytes. When activated, leukocytes bind to endothelial cells via ICAM-1/LFA-1 and then transmigrate into tissues. LFA-1 has also been found in a soluble form, which seems to bind and block ICAM-1.

Role in cell signaling
ICAM-1 is an endothelial- and leukocyte-associated transmembrane protein long known for its importance in stabilizing cell-cell interactions and facilitating leukocyte endothelial transmigration. More recently, ICAM-1 has been characterized as a site for the cellular entry of human rhinovirus. Because of these associations with immune responses, it has been hypothesized that ICAM-1 could function in signal transduction. ICAM-1 ligation produces proinflammatory effects such as inflammatory leukocyte recruitment by signaling through cascades involving a number of kinases, including the kinase p56lyn.

Other functions
ICAM-1 and soluble ICAM-1 have antagonistic effects on the tight junctions forming the blood-testis barrier, thus playing a major role in spermatogenesis.

The presence of heavy glycosylation and other structural characteristics of ICAM-1 lend the protein binding sites for numerous ligands. ICAM-1 possesses binding sites for a number of immune-associated ligands. Notably, ICAM-1 binds to macrophage adhesion ligand-1 (Mac-1; ITGB2 / ITGAM), l eukocyte f unction associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), and fibrinogen. These three proteins are generally expressed on endothelial cells and leukocytes, and they bind to ICAM-1 to facilitate transmigration of leukocytes across vascular endothelia in processes such as extravasation and the inflammatory response. As a result of these binding characteristics, ICAM-1 has classically been assigned the function of intercellular adhesion.

Researchers began to question the role of ICAM-1 as a simple adhesion molecule upon discovering that ICAM-1 serves as the binding site for entry of the major group of human rhinovirus (HRV) into various cell types. ICAM-1 also became known for its affinity for Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (PFIE), acting synergistically in mediating adherence of PFIE to endothelium co-expressing CD36, providing more of a role for ICAM-1 in infectious disease.

With the roles of ICAM-1 in cell-cell adhesion, extravasation, and infection more fully understood, a potential role for ICAM-1 in signal transduction was hypothesized. Most of the work involving ICAM-1 in recent years has focused on this central question as well as related questions. Researchers reasoned that, should ICAM-1 signal transduction prove to occur, it would be necessary to identify the mechanism of that signaling, the conditions and environment in which the signaling would occur, and the biological endpoints of any signaling cascades involved. Beyond its classically described functions as an adhesion and viral entry molecule, ICAM-1 has now been characterized convincingly as possessing a role in signal transduction. Furthermore, the signal-transducing functions of ICAM-1 seem to be associated primarily with proinflammatory pathways. In particular, ICAM-1 signaling seems to produce a recruitment of inflammatory immune cells such as macrophages and granulocytes.

ICAM-1 may also participate in a positive feedback loop and compete with ICAM-2 to maintain a proinflammatory environment conducive to leukocyte endothelial transmigration. At both the mRNA and protein levels of expression, ICAM-1 ligation was found to upregulate ICAM-1’s own expression in a positive-feedback loop. In addition, the expression of RANTES mRNA and protein was also found to be upregulated by ICAM-1 ligation. RANTES, or Regulated upon Activation Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted, is a cytokine that is an inflammatory mediator chemotactic for a variety of inflammatory immune cells such as granulocytes and macrophages. However, much work remains to be done in fully characterizing the signaling of ICAM-1. The relationship between ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 signaling environments has not been established beyond mere correlation; a study linking ICAM signaling to actual modulation of an inflammatory environment in vivo has yet to be conducted. The reticular nature of signaling cascades necessitates that the downstream effectors of ICAM-1 mediated signaling through various kinases including p56lyn, Raf-1, and the MAPKs are largely unknown. A more thorough study of the cross-talk between these signaling molecules may shed further light onto the biological endpoints produced by ICAM-1 ligation and signal transduction.

Clinical significance
ICAM-1 has been implicated in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Levels of ICAM-1 are shown to be significantly elevated in patients with SAH over control subjects in many studies. While ICAM-1 has not been shown to be directly correlated with cerebral vasospasm, a secondary symptom that affects 70% of SAH patients, treatment with anti-ICAM-1 reduced the severity of vasospasm.

ICAM-1 expressed by respiratory epithelial cells is also the binding site for rhinovirus, the causative agent of most common colds.

ICAM-1 has an important role in ocular allergies recruiting pro-inflammatory lymphocytes and mast cells promoting a type I hypersensitivity reaction.

ICAM-1 is the primary entry receptor for Coxsackievirus A21, an oncolytic virus (brand name Cavatak, being developed by Viralytics).

Cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonists have been found to decrease the induction of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 surface expression in human brain tissues and primary human brain endothelial cells (BMVEC) exposed to various pro-inflammatory mediators.

Interactions
ICAM-1 has been shown to interact with CD11a,  EZR and CD18.

title: ICAM-1


text:
User:Dream mind/Sandbox/Navier-stokes equation

Differential momentum equation
$$\rho\ g_x+ \left ( \frac{\partial \sigma _x\ _x}{\partial \ _x} \right )+\left ( \frac{\partial \tau _y\ _x}{\partial \ _y} \right )+\left ( \frac{\partial \tau _z\ _x}{\partial \ _z} \right )=\rho\left ( \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+ u \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}+v \frac{\partial u}{\partial y}+w \frac{\partial u}{\partial z}\right ) $$

$$\rho\ g_y+ \left ( \frac{\partial \tau _x\ _y}{\partial \ _x} \right )+\left ( \frac{\partial \sigma _y\ _y}{\partial \ _y} \right )+\left ( \frac{\partial \tau _z\ _y}{\partial \ _z} \right )=\rho\left ( \frac{\partial v}{\partial t}+ u \frac{\partial v}{\partial x}+v \frac{\partial v}{\partial y}+w \frac{\partial v}{\partial z}\right ) $$

$$\rho\ g_y+ \left ( \frac{\partial \tau _x\ _z}{\partial \ _x} \right )+\left ( \frac{\partial \tau _y\ _z}{\partial \ _z} \right )+\left ( \frac{\partial \sigma _z\ _z}{\partial \ _z} \right )=\rho\left ( \frac{\partial w}{\partial t}+ u \frac{\partial w}{\partial x}+v \frac{\partial w}{\partial y}+w \frac{\partial w}{\partial z}\right ) $$


text:
List of largest biomedical companies by market capitalization

The following is a list of independent pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical companies listed on a stock exchange (as indicated) with current market capitalization of at least US$10 billion, ranked by their market capitalization.

It does not include biotechnology companies that are currently owned by, or form a part of, larger pharmaceutical groups.

Ranking by market capitalization
The following table lists the largest biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies ranked by market capitalization in billion US dollars. The change column indicates the company's relative position in this list compared to their relative position in the preceding year; i.e., an increase would be moving closer to rank 1 and vice versa.

 * – Biotechnology company
 * – Pharmaceutical company


text:
negative Nancy

Noun

 * 1)  A person who is considered excessively and disagreeably pessimistic.
 * 2) * 2001, Sara Jane Sluke, Vanessa Torres, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Dealing with Stress for Teens
 * "Be wary of being a Negative Nancy."
 * 1) * 2002, Angela Winters, Dangerous Memories - Page 133
 * "You're being negative Nancy today,"
 * 1) * Date uncertain, B. Jain Publishers, Cosmic Love - Page 15
 * "Finally, if you tell a Negative Nancy about your secret plans, she might doubt that you'll get your heart's desire."

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 滿滿負能量的人
 * Finnish: negatiivinen niilo
 * French: poupée qui fait non,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

title: negative Nancy


text:
Talk:List of Historic Sites of Japan (Saga)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150514084211/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/sichouson.html to http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/sichouson.html

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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 6 external links on List of Historic Sites of Japan (Saga). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110630172754/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shoukai/shitei.html to http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shoukai/shitei.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100925155809/http://www.city.chikushino.fukuoka.jp/kyouikubu/bunka-shinko/kiizyou.html?print=1&temptype=1&laytype=1&itemtype=1 to http://www.city.chikushino.fukuoka.jp/kyouikubu/bunka-shinko/kiizyou.html?print=1&temptype=1&laytype=1&itemtype=1
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20121218234239/http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/db/SearchDetail.do?heritageId=192012 to http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/db/SearchDetail.do?heritageId=192012
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131014210502/http://www.kyuyama.jp/e/kyushuyamaguchi/ky_saga_01.html to http://www.kyuyama.jp/e/kyushuyamaguchi/ky_saga_01.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053837/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/todoufuken.html to http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/todoufuken.html

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Move discussion in progress
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text:
Filmmaking Basics/Animatic Dialog Recording/Room

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" What room do you need?
 * colspan="1" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid DarkBlue; background-color:LightYellow;" |

The Room

 * A quiet place
 * For this lesson, any room will do. Later, you will need a room which is quiet.  That is not as easy as it sounds.  One reason is echos.

 * The linen closet
 * Lots of clothing hanging or in piles will help keep the room from having echos. If you have a room that is full of fabric or a storage room filled with boxes, this will deaden the sound nicely.

 * }

{| cellpadding="15" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 50%; background-color: LemonChiffon; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" |

The Next Page

 * Continue this lesson on the recording procedure needed for recording the dialog for the animatic.

 * }


text:
Stefan Mrożewski

Stefan Mrożewski (12 April 1894 – 8 September 1975) was a Polish painter. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics. His work included wood engravings, book illustrations, portraits and town landscapes.

title: Stefan Mrożewski


text:
Portal talk:Cartography

Welcome
Subject: Cartographic modeling

Testing * 1 * 2 * 3 * ...is this thing on?

I really like Geography and have been a mapper since the 50's. I'm very excited about the emerging GIS technologies, especially the open source variety. I recently discovered and am getting ready to explore the wiki-aware GIS organizations:
 * OpenGIS
 * GeoTools
 * WikiMapia
 * OpenLayers
 * ...many more...

I've started a case study for my local community called Paducah2020, which includes a conceptualization of a series of interactive WikiMaps that depict the Tennessee Valley Divide begining in my hometown and current place of residence – Paducah, USA.

The project begins by digitizing two USGS topographical maps that show the divide clearly. Layers and layer algorithms will be added and subtracted to and from a software model to systematically "build and unbuild" the built environment. Combining time-referenced geodata, the local public record, archives, archeological findings, and other creative endeavers, the abstraction is being designed to reveal a retroactive timeline of Paducah's development.

Funding for field work is procured through a generic quazi-commercial sister project that has been primed up at COMMUNITY.WIKIA.COM and at the Purchase Area Watershed Mapping Project, both hosted at Wikia.

I'm hoping that other folks along the divide (which goes through eight U.S. states) will discover these efforts. This could of course take years. But I'll plod along alone as long as it takes. I expect however, that the general topic of Cartography should populate steadily. Wikiversity will take a while to gather steam, but if you should find this topic abandoned, please jog my memory. CQ 20:40, 22 November 2006 (UTC)

Shared maps as learning objects
I have a shared map here and some local participants. The closest confluence point is latitude:37 longitude:-89 and we'll be adding USGS benchmarks soon. An interesting point is The Monkey which is a very tall TV tower at Monkeys Eyebrow that can be seen for miles within the study area, a large portion of which is a wildlife refuge.

For Ecology studies, we are looking at the local creek systems Humphrey and Clanton which flow together here and empty a short way downstream into the Ohio River. A big problem in our county is that some farmers plow, plant and cultivate right up to the sides of the creeks causing severe soil erosion. We hope to enter into a self-funding campaign to use the research materials to organize locals into a transition community comprised of Transition Towns.

A nifty way to get people (younger and older) interested in the mapping adventure is through Geocaching, Benchmarking, Orienteering and lots of other fun stuff. GPS navigation devices are getting better and less expensive. I think we will be able to craft learning objects in the form of shared maps that employ these types of emerging technologies that can become Open Education Resources. --CQ 15:22, 19 July 2009 (UTC)

title: Portal talk:Cartography


text:
bancomat

Etymology
, shortening of.

Noun

 * 1)  ATM, cash machine

Noun

 * 1)   ATM, ABM, autoteller, bank machine, cash machine, cash point, cash dispenser, automated teller machine
 * 2)  the magnetic card used to access an ATM

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) ATM, teller, automated teller machine

title: bancomat


text:
Rani Rosius

Rani Rosius (born 25 April 2000) is a Belgian sprinter.

At just 21 years of age, Rosius tied the second-best Belgian time ever on the 100 metres event, with a time of 11.39. Olivia Borlée ran the same time in 2007, while only Kim Gevaert ever ran faster, still holding the Belgian record at 11.04.

Selected for the 2023 World Athletics Championships in Budapest, she qualified for the semi-final of the 100 metres.

Personal bests
Outdoor
 * 100 metres – 11.18 (Budapest 2023)
 * 200 metres – 23.11 (+1.0 m/s Brussels 2024)

Indoor
 * 60 metres – 7.12 (Glasgow 2024)
 * 200 metres – 24.36 (Louvain-la-Neuve 2020)

title: Rani Rosius


text:
User:Miss Olive

The rose is a rose, And was always a rose. But now the theory goes That the apple's a rose, And the pear is, and so's The plum, I suppose. The dear only knows What will next prove a rose. You, of course, are a rose But were always a rose.

title: User:Miss Olive


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/1999 Glasgow Airport Cessna 404 crash

The result was   keep. Missvain (talk) 06:19, 15 February 2015 (UTC)

1999 Glasgow Airport Cessna 404 crash

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Tragic but non-notable accident with few, if any, notable consequences, WP:GNG not news etc. etc. Would have been much more notable if it led to action that prevented, or warned pilots, that they were shutting down the wrong engine. see:TransAsia Airways Flight 222 Petebutt (talk) 14:12, 8 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Comment - The AAIB accident report indicates that the engine inspection became a UK CAA mandatory airworthiness directive and also indicated that it would become an FAA mandatory requirement (more than just a recommendation). Following this up to confirm is not difficult. I believe that regulation changes are criteria that makes aircraft accident articles notable (i.e. to be kept). Nimbus (Cumulus nimbus floats by)    20:13, 8 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Scotland-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 14:21, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Aviation-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 14:22, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Events-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 14:22, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Transportation-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 14:22, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep - The AAIB report (ref 4) states clearly on page 78 that this accident resulted in the issuance of an engine airworthiness directive and thus has had a lasting effect. I have added this information to the article for clarity. Given that the accident actually did have lasting effects it meets WP:EVENT and should be kept. - Ahunt (talk) 19:54, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Now we have established notability we might as well close the discussion as a keeper, and I withdraw the nom but need assistance.--Petebutt (talk) 20:14, 13 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
User:Bittu biswas kaffota/sandbox

bittu biswas was bron in himachal pardesh in sirmaur kaffota in 10 march 2003.he is a rapper. He start rapping at the age of 14. he become the youngest rapper in kaffota.

title: User:Bittu biswas kaffota/sandbox


text:
Talk:Fritz Kolbe

Untitled
can we find information abou the author Lucas Delattre. everytime i search for him i find all the books he wrote. i want a biography about Delattre please.

Elyesa Bazna
Bazna's article does not mention being exposed, by Kolbe or anybody else. So what's the deal? Clarityfiend 21:16, 24 February 2007 (UTC)
 * ✅-- CaroleHenson (talk) 19:06, 31 May 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fritz Kolbe


text:
Cookbook:Rosół (Polish Meat Soup)

| Cuisine of Poland | Soup

Rosół is a traditional Polish meat broth. The most popular variety is Rosół z kury, or clear chicken (hen) soup. It is commonly served with fine noodles, often home made, like Jewish lokshen. It is important to differentiate the type of meat used for the preparation of this particular dish. Young chicken meat will result in a different flavour than that obtained from an older cooking hen. Additionally, the type of meat will result in a different fat content. Finally, other meats, or a mix of beef and/or veal may be used.

Ingredients

 * 1 chicken
 * 1 onion
 * 1 small leek
 * 2 carrots, peeled and sliced lengthwise
 * ½ celery root
 * 2–3 sprigs green celery
 * 1–2 parsley roots
 * 1 bunch of parsley
 * Salt
 * Pepper
 * ⅛ sweet cabbage
 * Garlic, to taste
 * Bay leaf, to taste
 * Juniper seeds
 * Dried wild mushrooms
 * Allspice, to taste

Procedure

 * 1) Quarter the chicken and place in a stock pot with ~1.5 cold water. Do not add salt at this time, as this may harden some meats. Bring to a boil on high heat, then simmer for 30–45 minutes. At this time, remove (skim) the surface flotsam (a mix of protein and some fat).
 * 2) Add peeled garlic clove, carrots, celery root, parsley root similarly prepared, and other vegetables previously washed.
 * 3) Sauté onion halves in minimal oil to caramelize the flesh. Add to the soup. Omitting this step will result in a clearer, less-yellow product.
 * 4) Simmer on low heat for approx 2 hours or more. Rosół should not boil, as this will result in a cloudy consistency.
 * 5) Season to taste with salt, pepper, bay leaf, allspice, juniper seeds, dried wild mushrooms, etc.
 * 6) Continue simmering. You may skim fat off the surface, if so desired (traditionally it should be as fat as possible)
 * 7) Remove cabbage, parsley, celery root and any "undesired" vegetables. Carrots are usually left in and served with the broth.
 * 8) Serve hot with noodles and fresh parsley. Individuals may season with maggi, soy sauce, freshly ground black pepper and/or chilli flakes.

Notes, tips, and variations

 * Instead of chicken you may use ½ kg (1 lb) of veal or beef.
 * In the traditional Polish way, the chicken is not quartered or cut whatsoever.
 * To avoid having to remove surface flotsam use the blanching technique: bring large amount of water (unsalted) to a boil. Remember to leave enough space for the chicken. When in vigorous boil put the chicken in. Let it boil for about a minute. Take the chicken out and put under cold, running water until cold. Now you can add chicken to your rosół, and not worry about the flotsam. It will also make rosół clearer, which is one of the indicators of a good rosół dish.
 * Adding vegetable stock or a stock cube is a personal choice. Some argue that it is unnecessary, as the vegetable and meat give enough flavour to the broth.

title: Cookbook:Rosół (Polish Meat Soup)


text:
Frances Ward (priest)

Frances Elizabeth Fearn Ward (born 16 September 1959) is an Anglican priest and theologian. She served as Dean of St Edmundsbury from 2010 to 2017.

Early life and education
Ward was born on 16 September 1959 in Geelong, Victoria, Australia. She was educated at King's Ely. She later studied at the University of St Andrews and the University of Manchester. From 1987 to 1989, she trained for holy orders at Westcott House, Cambridge, an Anglican theological college in the Liberal Catholic tradition.

Ordained ministry
She was ordained deacon in 1989 and priest in 1994. She was then a tutor at Northern College until 1998 and then Vicar of St Peter's Bury until 2005. She was a residentiary canon at Bradford Cathedral from 2006 until her appointment as Dean in 2010.

On 30 May 2010, it was announced that Ward would be the next Dean of St Edmundsbury in succession to Neil Collings. In October 2010, she was installed as dean at St Edmundsbury Cathedral. In July 2017, it was announced that she would be stepping down as Dean later in the year and would be returning to academia to complete a second doctorate; her final service at the cathedral was on 15 October 2017.

Since 2018, Ward has held a Licence to Officiate in the Diocese of Carlisle. On 2 February 2020 she was licensed as Priest-in-Charge of St John's Church, Workington and St Michael's Church, Workington.

Views
Ward belongs to the Catholic Anglican tradition of the Church of England. She is a supporter of the ordination of women as priests and bishops.

Selected works
Among other books she has written:

 * Lifelong Learning (2005)
 * Studying Local Churches (2005)
 * Theological Reflection Methods (2005)
 * Theological Reflection Sources (2007)
 * Why Rousseau Was Wrong: Christianity and the Secular Soul (2013)
 * Holy Attention: Preaching in Today’s Church (2019)
 * Full of Character: A Christian Approach to Education for the Digital Age (2019)
 * Like There’s No Tomorrow: Climate Crisis, Eco-Anxiety and God (2020)

title: Frances Ward (priest)


text:
Vincent Colyer

Vincent Colyer (September 30, 1824 – July 12, 1888) was an American artist noted for his images of the American West. He was a humanitarian who worked with philanthropic and Christian groups; he founded the United States Christian Commission during the American Civil War. He also worked with the U.S. government to try to help freedmen and Native Americans.

Early life and education
Colyer was born in the Bloomingdale, New York on September 30, 1824, and grew up in a Quaker family. His faith was the center of his life and the inspiration for many of his activities.

He studied art for four years in New York with John R. Smith, and then was a student at the National Academy. He became an associate member of the National Academy of Design in 1851. From then until the Civil War he painted in New York City.

Marriage and family
Colyer married Mary Lydia Hancock, a grandniece of Massachusetts Governor John Hancock.

Civil War
During the war, Colyer founded and served with the United States Christian Commission. As superintendent of the poor in New Bern, North Carolina under General Ambrose Burnside, he wrote the Report of the Services Rendered by the Freed People to the United States Army in North Carolina, in the Spring of 1862, After the Battle of Newbern (1864). With the government decision in 1863 to allow black troops to fight, Colyer began to recruit and train the men for the United States Colored Troops. He also served with the Indian commission.

Traveling the West and Alaska

Colyer traveled the American West in 1868-1871. "He represented Friends of the Indians, a Quaker organization that was concerned with the humanitarian treatment of the native inhabitants in government custody. While he did not paint Indian portraits, his sketches reveal some of the earliest forts in Indian Territory and in the Southwest."

Colyer advocated the establishment of reservations for the Apache, Yavapai, and neighboring tribes in New Mexico and Arizona to improve their living conditions. This effort earned him the strong opposition of white mining, cattle and agricultural interests. His mission ended in failure.

His humanitarian work continued in 1869, when he surveyed conditions among natives of the just-acquired Alaska Territory on behalf of the newly created Board of Indian Commissioners (an advisory group of philanthropists and humanitarians who studied Indian conditions and made recommendations to the commissioner of Indian affairs). "His 1869 report is important because of its thoroughness, its presumptions, and, most particularly, its influence for more than a decade on officials concerned with the government's response to Alaska natives."

Colyer recommended the Federal government fund Indian schools in Alaska as well as provide medical care, a proposal endorsed by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs but rejected by Congress. Instead, partly due to Colyer's efforts, Congress approved money for education, to be spent through the Interior Department's Bureau of Education. This reduced the influence of the government's Indian agencies, which tended to establish more paternalistic relationships with Indians. In contrast, "the Bureau of Education encouraged independence and self-reliance," and tended to have more respect for native cultures. Colyer, a Quaker, was an ardent Christian assimilationist.

Annexation of British Columbia to U.S.A.
Petitions circulated in favour of American annexation. The first, in 1867, was addressed to Queen Victoria, demanding that the British government assume the colony's debts and establish a steamer link, or allow the colony to join the U.S. In 1869, a second petition was addressed to President Ulysses S. Grant, asking him to negotiate American annexation of the territory from Britain. It was delivered to Grant by Vincent Colyer, Indian Commissioner for Alaska, on December 29, 1869. Both petitions were signed by only a small fraction of the colony's population, and British Columbia was ultimately admitted as a Canadian province in 1871.

In Alaska in 1869, he made numerous watercolor sketches, many incorporating weather phenomena. That year he is thought to have sketched 15 views of Oregon and the Washington Territory. When Colyer returned east and established his studio in Connecticut, he produced a small number of oil paintings of Western scenes in 1872-1875. They were prominently exhibited at the time, including at the Centennial Exposition of 1876.

Later life

In the 1860s, Colyer took a yachting trip up the Connecticut shore as far as New Haven, looking for a good spot to relocate his home and studio. He liked what he saw at one island and bought 40 acre there. Colyer later renamed the isle "Contentment Island", still its name. (According to one town history, the former name, stated in old land records, was "Ox Pound", another gives it as "Contention Island.") The artist took an active part in civic affairs and served a term in the state House of Representatives.

He moved to Darien, Connecticut in the early 1870s and set up a studio named after his close friend John Kensett. On October 31, 1872, Colyer's wife, Mary Lydia drowned in Long Island Sound after her horse bolted as she was crossing the bridge by buggy to Contentment Island. Kensett got in the water and tried to save her. Soon he became sick (one source said from pneumonia; another said it was "a cold." ) Kensett died on December 14, 1872.

After 1875, the artist concentrated on Connecticut scenes. In the summer of 1877, Colyer toured Indian reservations in the Northwest.

Vincent Colyer died at Contentment Island on July 12, 1888.

Appreciation of his art
The Douglas Frazer Art gallery offers this assessment: "Vincent Colyer is an acknowledged master of American topographical watercolors. ... His small, painterly watercolor sketches of western forts, early settlements and Indian villages, from New Mexico to Alaska, are an important artistic and visual record. More than two hundred of those sketches, mostly accomplished in the field between 1868 and 1872 while working as a Special Indian Commissioner, are found in major institutional collections."

Beinecke Library at Yale University owns 50 of his Alaskan views made in 1869. "During his travels in the southwest and Alaska, he painted remarkable scenes of the landscapes, animals, and people he encountered."

Referring to works by both Colyer and another artist, the Gilcrease Museum in Tulsa, Oklahoma noted, "What these images might lack in aesthetic merit is made up for in charm and expressiveness as quick impressions of the West."

Some paintings and drawings

 * Johnson Straits, British Columbia
 * Columbia River (1875)
 * Pueblo
 * Passing Shower (1876)
 * In Pursuit of Joseph, (appeared in Harper's Weekly, August 18, 1877) "Colyer here idealizes infantry power, order, and confidence in the vicinity of Fort Lapwai — probably before the White Bird defeat."
 * Home of the Yackamas, Oregon (sold in 1968 for $16,500)
 * Castle Rock, Entrance to the Cascade Mountains, Columbia River, (lost) "The subject alone gives marked interest to atmospheric effects," the catalogue for the 1873 Cincinnati Industrial Exposition said about the painting.
 * Darien Shore, Connecticut
 * Rainy Day on Connecticut Shore (1881)
 * Winter on Connecticut Shore (1884)
 * Spring Flowers (1885)
 * French Waiter (1886)

Public collections

 * Royal British Columbia Museum and British Columbia Archives, Victoria, British Columbia
 * Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
 * Gilcrease Museum, Tulsa, Oklahoma
 * Albuquerque Museum of Art
 * Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Public exhibitions

 * United States Centennial Commission International Exhibition, (Philadelphia, 1876)
 * National Academy of Design
 * American Art-Union
 * Boston Athenaeum
 * Pennsylvania Academy
 * Maryland Historical Society
 * Cincinnati Industrial Exposition, (1873)
 * Yale School of Fine Arts, (1863)
 * Chicago Interstate Industrial Exposition, (1875)
 * Artist's Fund Society, (ca. 1863-1874)
 * Gilcrease Museum, (July 19 – October 14, 2001) His works were among others in "Watercolors of the American West: Selections from the Gilcrease Museum Permanent Collection".

His books

 * Report of the Services Rendered by the Freed People to the United States Army in North Carolina, in the Spring of 1862, After the Battle of Newbern (1864) Online text here
 * Notes Among the Indians (Putnam's: 1869) Online text here
 * Colyer's Alaska report, which includes responses to inquiries he made and excerpts from official reports on Alaska, appears as appendix D to the Indian commissioner's annual report, 41st Cong., 2d Sess., 1869, H.E.D. 1, Pt. 3, pp. 975–1058 (Serial 1414)."

title: Vincent Colyer


text:
Talk:Derek Hatton

Houses falling apart?
I don't like Trotskyism, but at Wikipedia I try to be neutral. A small paragraph was anonymously added to the article today, but I removed this sentence about housing–I am not sure it is verifiable, but if it is, it is so open to challenge that it needs a reliable source.
 * "However, these houses were of poor quality, and are now literally falling apart (an issue yet to be properly addressed by the current Liberal Democrat administration). "

That's all. --Hroðulf (or Hrothulf) (Talk) 20:30, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

Degsy
Just wondering whether a redirect should be created to this article via Degsy, as this is a popular nickname for Derek Hatton. What do other users think? Regards <IP_ADDRESS> 22:08, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

 * It's a popular name for pretty much anybody named Derek. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:06, 9 October 2008 (UTC)

Strange isn't it, I always knew him as 'Dell Boy'. This followed him to Spain and now Cyprus where he is currently engaged in another "Development".Hotrock34 (talk) 16:00, 28 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Of course, DEG5Y was also the personalised registration plate he used on his luxury car back in the day. JezGrove (talk) 20:38, 20 February 2019 (UTC)

Eric Heffer
I have been reading about militant and the surrounding cloud of personalities, and Wikipedia's coverage is all over the place. This article is very poor. However, the article on Hatton's contemporary Eric Heffer is excellent; it is a model for this kind of thing. It makes this article look ridiculous, which is perhaps no more than Derek Hatton deserves. -Ashley Pomeroy 20:13, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

Michael Murray
I've changed the "Hatton was the inspiration for the character of Michael Murray"; Hatton claimed this and, apparently some of the production crew believed it but Bleasdale consistantly denied it. Apepper 18:09, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

Entryism
How can a group of members within the Labour Party be entryists since the latter would mean they were a separate organisation. "a Trotskyist organisation then pursuing entryist tactics within the Labour Party." They were the socialist wing of the Labour Party and members of the Labour Party. Grogoreo 16:03, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

Referencing
I added a line about what the socialist council had done - built houses etc. I've spent a while trying to figure out how to reference it, but without being able to find a simple help text on this. If someone would care to add it the reference is: http://www.liverpool47.org/ —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jimov (talk • contribs) 20:01, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

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seems relevant
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/feb/19/the-return-of-king-rat-derek-hatton-marks-a-new-low-for-labour — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:42, 20 February 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Derek Hatton


text:
Talk:Collaboratively Building Concepts

"collaboratively building concepts"
I like the idea of a project to focus on concepts. In a wiki that depends on volunteers who do what they want to do, it might be wise to facilitate a process by which Wikiversity participants are able to explore the concepts that they are most interested in. This is in contrast to goals such as trying to copy traditional curricula into wiki format. For example, we have War Seminar which could be explicitly oriented around an attempt to question traditional thinking and concepts about war. --JWSchmidt 20:42, 22 December 2006 (UTC)

 * The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is what got me to go to grad school and think about everything I'm currently writing. There are so many concepts there worthy of deconstruction: defense, Zionism, terrorism, Human Rights, bantustan, suicide bomber, homicide bomber, Apartheid (holy crap, now that's a very hot word these days)Saidkassem 21:16, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

 * And what about the "counterparts" of globalization, such as nationalization, internationalization and localization and even ersonalization. --CQ 14:58, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I think that discussing and defining what and how we think about globalis/zation would bring up a rich array of issues around these topics. I think it might be best to start with a particularly 'hot' topic like globalis/zation (considering it has generated so much passionate debate particularly over the last ten years or so) and then start to explore other concepts as they arise from this discussion. In response to Said above - what about the obvious 'distinction' between "terrorist" and "freedom fighter"? (And how would you go about building these concepts on one page? Or should we have to?) Cormaggio beep 17:42, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

At one time I thought that the best way to get Wikiversity started would be to create Wikiversity learning projects for anything that was already a heavy-traffic topic at one of the other Wikimedia Foundation wikis. I became afraid of that idea because many of the high-traffic topics are rather wild, and I did not want Wikiversity to be swamped with people looking for a soap box. However, if we could identify groups of dedicated participants for a topic area, we could start moving into some high-profile and controversial areas. Wikiversity could run study groups and citation evaluation projects that would help find high quality and reliable sources for Wikipedia articles where there is more heat than light. --JWSchmidt 02:48, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm glad that you'd be interested in this turning into something. A citation evaluation project could be in order as well. Stay tuned, I'm doing more reading...Saidkassem 23:00, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

 * After watching a documentary movie called "The Prophesy" [Teton Gravity Research (2003)] about the extreme sport of freestyle skiing and freeriding (snowboarding), I added Collaboratively Building Concepts/Extreme Sport to the mix. I was astonished by the feats accomplished by the twenty or so death-defyers on, what appeared to be impossible slopes. This may be one of those high-traffic topics JWS mentions, but I think there is much enthusiasm about it and certainly has its share of uncited statements at Wikipedia. What makes the so-called "adrenaline junkies" place themselves in such danger? What discipline, peer support (pressure?), upbringing, and other factors make these activities possible? What is the cause and effect relationship between youth culture and mass media predicated within the phenomenal growth if extreme sports? Food for thought. --CQ 14:58, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I think we can safely say that identity is a complex thing - maybe this should be explored for itself (or perhaps it's too broad)? "Youth culture" and "mass media" would both be rich topics to explore in themselves - what about "beauty", or "cool"? We could go on endlessly here. :-) So, would it be an idea to start from a general topic or one more specific? What would work best? I would hypothesise the former, but of course I'm open to suggestions.. :-) Cormaggio beep 17:42, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

maths concepts
Not sure how useful this might be, but i use concept models when teaching maths. For example, I use those plastic models used to represent molecules to show the complexity of fractions for example, or the simplicity of times versus division... Maths is also taught after it is broken down into parts, and in so doing, it loses a lot of its life. I think concepts are more like static things, whereas I am interested in the processes. I try to teach maths by principle, with simultaneous concepts rather than linear construction. Is this in the ballpark or not...? --Fidocancan 19:03, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

Participants in this project

 * Saidkassem - I would really encourage others to make bold edits so that the thinking that goes into this page can become a truly collaborative effort. I would like to see some cognitive linguists, especially, come in since it is their territory I have just waltzed into.
 * Cormaggio - interested in linking this project with the larger one of developing an understanding of Wikiversity itself.

Hotwords
In his essay "Is the Wikipedia neutral?", Joseph Reagle explains that Wikipedia's "Neutral Point of View"-- the guideline which stresses objective, unbiased, fair writing-- functions primarily as a "heat shield". Points of View and knowledge creation, by definition, don't go well together, so Wikipedia relies on "neutrality" as a convention to keep the collaborative process well oiled.

But this is not Wikipedia. This is Wikiversity, where the learning process takes precedent over the ability to present neat, ready-to-consume knowledge products. Quickly, if everything is designed just right, participants will begin to converge on "hotwords," and things indeed will become quite hot.

So, what are we to explore or learn from this? Perhaps we might begin by trying to define some of the suggested themes that follow - and see how our perceptions differ from other people's, and how this might help or hinder the building of a shared understanding of that theme/concept.

The above comments by Saidkassem were moved to the talk page. --McCormack 16:26, 4 August 2008 (UTC)

Second exercise: citations...
As with college research papers, citing encyclopedias, dictionaries and other derivative sources are not allowed. (ambiguous) Do college research papers "not allow" such citations? Perhaps the statement should read "Unlike college research papers..." Orschstaffer (talk) 19:00, 24 June 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Collaboratively Building Concepts


text:
Wikiversity talk:Suspected copyright violations

This page exists as a place for Wherebot to list possible copyright violations.

Wikiversity participants can monitor this list. When an apparent copyright violations, Wikiversity participants can place on the page with the copied text.

PageName schould be placed on the user talk page of the person who added the copied text to Wikiversity.

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text:
User:Djsharox

ZooNet Of OUSL

ZooNet is a student-staff society of the Department of Zoology of the Open University of Sri Lanka. We encourage co-curricular activities through our society, which organizes regular guest lectures, educational trips, mini projects, etc. We provide the opportunities for students to work close with the nature which is important for the development of their soft skills and personality. Also, ZooNet also gives awards annually, in recognition of academic excellence and other achievements of students!

title: User:Djsharox


text:
Talk:Het Denkgelag

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title: Talk:Het Denkgelag


text:
File:Yie Ar Kung Fu (MSX2).png

Summary
This screenshot shows level 1 of Yie Ar Kung Fu for the MSX. Screenshot made with blueMSX.

title: File:Yie Ar Kung Fu (MSX2).png


text:
Perl/Hello World

In this tutorial, we are going to develop a simple 'Hello world' perl script with some nice features.

Prerequisites
You need a minimal understanding of the Perl programming language.

Note: While these scripts should run on Windows without modification (either Cygwin or ActiveState Perl), they are only tested on unix.

Classic version
Here's the classic version of 'Hello World':

Discussion
This just s the string "Hello, World!" plus a line-feed.

Ascii-Art version
For the Ascii-Art version, put the following text into a file called hello.txt (or draw your own):

We are going to read the file and output it on a line-by-line basis; more or less like the unix command 'cat' or the DOS command 'type'.

Discussion
The first commands  and   force us to declare all variables as my or our before using them and also help us identify other problems by either warning us or refusing to start the program altogether.

This is good, because it helps you to find problems very early on and also helps avoiding some obscure logic bugs like typing errors in variable names.

The command  opens a read-only filehandle we call '$fh' to a file called "hello.txt". If the open-command fails, we stop the program ('die') with an appropriate error message.

As you can see, the commands 'open' and 'die' are connected with an or command. That means, it will try to successfully run 'open' or 'die', starting with 'open'. That way, when we can't open the file, 'open' returns 'undef'; which for or is the same as 'false'. In that case, perl runs 'die'. If, on the other hand, open succeeds, it returns a filehandle (which of course is 'true'), and or doesn't have to run the 'die' command.

The next construct is our main loop. Most of the work is done by : For every iteration of the loop, we declare a local variable '$line' with my. At the same time, we initialize it with data from our filehandle '$fh'.

Because '$line' is a scalar variable (e.g. holds only one single value), we only read one single line from the file. With the next command  we output this line.

After finishing the loop (e.g. no more lines to read, '$line' gets 'undef', 'while' interprets that as 'false'), we close the file with  to free the file's resources.

Shorter Ascii-Art version
Now, we got a working prototype, let's shorten to code somewhat, to see how implicit variables work.

Discussion
The difference in this version is the main loop. More or less, we just leave out using our variable '$line'. As both the 'while' and 'print' command need a variable to work with - but we haven't given them one - they automatically use perl's built-in standard scalar variable called '$_'.

Note: While there are only a few uses where you'd actually need that behavior, it makes the code quite unreadable. Nevertheless, sooner or later you'll come across some program actually using this feature.

Super-short Ascii-Art version
Here's a really short version of the above program.

Discussion
This version leaves out most non-essential things including even basic code formatting.

First of all, we leave out all pragmas. So we don't get any advanced warnings (which is a bad thing). On the good side, we don't have to use 'our' or 'my' and so can save even more code.

In the open/die construct, we use perls built-in error variable '$!' instead of our own error message. Works quite well, actually. The main loop stays essentially the same, we just leave out some linebreaks.

Final advice
While the shortened code examples show all the "unneeded" things, they are not fit for production use! They may be ok for quick testing, but thats it.

Special advise from Cavac: Even when writing just a quick test or a proof-of-concept, always use 'strict' and 'warnings'; otherwise even a simple typo in a ten-liner might make you pull your hairs for hours.

title: Perl/Hello World


text:
Top-rated United States television programs of 2006–07

This table displays the top-rated primetime television series of the 2006–07 season as measured by Nielsen Media Research.