text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Fishes/Article alerts/Archive 1

PROD

 * 24 Jan 2015 – Zebrasoma xanthurus PRODed by ZachofMS was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Zebrasoma_xanthurus deleted]
 * 13 Oct 2015 – Splay-finned blenny PRODed by Plantdrew was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Splay-finned_blenny deleted]
 * 21 Oct 2015 – Pangio bashai PRODed by Micromesistius was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Pangio_bashai deleted]
 * 10 May 2016 – Cyprinion microphthalmum microphthalmum PRODed by Gimubrc was redirected by Amit6 on 21 Jan 2010
 * 13 Oct 2016 – List of fish on stamps of Morocco PRODed by Philafrenzy was deproded by Fayenatic london on 14 Oct 2016
 * 13 Oct 2016 – List of fish on stamps of Cape Verde PRODed by Philafrenzy was deproded by Fayenatic london on 14 Oct 2016
 * 13 Oct 2016 – List of fish on stamps of Dubai PRODed by Philafrenzy was deproded by Fayenatic london on 14 Oct 2016
 * 13 Oct 2016 – List of fish on stamps of Fiji PRODed by Philafrenzy was deproded by Fayenatic london on 14 Oct 2016
 * 13 Oct 2016 – List of fish on stamps of Guinea-Bissau PRODed by Philafrenzy was deproded by Fayenatic london on 14 Oct 2016
 * 13 Oct 2016 – List of fish on stamps of the Falkland Islands PRODed by Philafrenzy was deproded by Explicit on 21 Oct 2016
 * 09 Feb 2017 – Hass (fish) PRODed by Gamebuster19901 was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Hass_(fish) deleted]
 * 30 May 2018 – IUCN Species Survival Commission PRODed by Dennis Bratland was redirected by RN1970 on 08 Jun 2018
 * 17 Oct 2018 – Dicellopyge PRODed by DannyS712 was deproded by FunkMonk on 17 Oct 2018
 * 21 Dec 2018 – Dalpia PRODed by Premeditated Chaos was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Dalpia deleted]
 * 16 Mar 2019 – Aquacultureworld PRODed by Mccapra was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Aquacultureworld deleted]
 * 28 Aug 2020 – WDFW Toxics in Biota fish monitoring PRODed by Duben was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=WDFW_Toxics_in_Biota_fish_monitoring deleted]
 * 29 Apr 2023 – Dipteroides PRODed by Mitch199811 and endorsed by Elmidae on 30 Apr 2023 was deproded by Kvng on 05 May 2023
 * 23 Aug 2023 – Gold panda molly PRODed by Rorshacma was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Gold_panda_molly deleted]
 * 11 Jan 2024 – Paratilapia sp. nov. 'Lac Ihotry' PRODed by Plantdrew was deproded by Plantdrew on 15 Jan 2024
 * 11 Jan 2024 – Paratilapia sp. nov. 'Vevembe' PRODed by Plantdrew was deproded by Plantdrew on 15 Jan 2024

RM

 * 30 Jan 2015 – False pipefish move request to Ghost pipefish by Apokryltaros was closed; discussion
 * 30 Jan 2015 – False pipefish move request to Ghost pipefish by Apokryltaros was closed; discussion
 * 02 Mar 2015 – Spot croaker move request to Spot (fish) by C.Fred was closed; discussion
 * 25 Feb 2015 – Pelasgus epiroticus move request to Epirus minnow by Kkostagiannis was closed; discussion
 * 19 May 2015 – Drepanaspis gemuendenensis move request to Drepanaspis by Apokryltaros was closed; discussion
 * 30 Aug 2015 – Silver bream move request by Casliber was closed; discussion
 * 07 Jan 2016 – Charlie the Tuna move request by Jgera5 was closed; discussion
 * 30 Sep 2016 – Fish locomotion move request by LT910001 was closed; discussion
 * 02 Apr 2017 – Isurus hastalis move request by Flow234 was closed; discussion
 * 09 May 2017 – Electric organ move request by Ritchie333 was closed; discussion
 * 20 Sep 2017 – Mandarin fish move request by Timmyshin was closed; discussion
 * 31 Oct 2017 – Drakensberg minnow move request by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 29 Nov 2017 – Tarakihi move request by Kintetsubuffalo was closed; discussion
 * 22 May 2018 – Basslet move request by 2001:4DD5:C13:0:E907:855E:966F:8217 was closed; discussion
 * 13 Jun 2018 – South American pilchard move request by Nick Thorne was closed; discussion
 * 25 Jul 2018 – Starry flounders move request by RN1970 was closed; discussion
 * 11 Aug 2018 – Rhinogobius aporus move request by Amakuru was closed; discussion
 * 11 Aug 2018 – Goby move request by Amakuru was closed; discussion
 * 22 May 2019 – Amphiprioninae move request by ZI Jony was closed; discussion
 * 23 Jul 2019 – Freckled hardyhead move request to Craterocephalus lentiginosus by Plantdrew was moved to Craterocephalus lentiginosus by Red Slash on 03 Aug 2019; discussion
 * 21 Aug 2019 – New Zealand piper move request to Hyporhamphus ihi by Coffeeandcrumbs was moved to Hyporhamphus ihi; discussion
 * 30 Oct 2019 – Queensland lungfish move request to Australian lungfish by Nick Thorne was moved to Australian lungfish by Andrewa on 06 Nov 2019; discussion
 * 29 Dec 2019 – Cirrimaxilla formosa move request to Cirrimaxilla by Hyperik was closed; discussion
 * 05 Jan 2020 – Betta akarensis move request to Akar betta by Chris.sherlock was no consensus; discussion
 * 18 Jan 2020 – Banded parrotfish move request to Notolabrus fucicola by Quetzal1964 was moved to Notolabrus fucicola by Dekimasu on 25 Jan 2020; discussion
 * 28 Mar 2020 – Black ruff move request to Centrolophus by Micromesistius was moved to Centrolophus; discussion
 * 12 Aug 2020 – Blackear wrasse move request to Halichoeres poeyi by Hyperik was no consensus; discussion
 * 31 Aug 2020 – Blue or rippled triggerfish move request to Pseudobalistes fuscus by Sagotreespirit was moved to Pseudobalistes fuscus; discussion
 * 27 Aug 2020 – Grammistops move request to Ocellate soapfish by Steel1943 was closed to Ocellate soapfish by BD2412 on 22 Sep 2020; discussion
 * 27 Aug 2020 – Grammistops move request to Ocellate soapfish by Steel1943 was closed to Ocellate soapfish by BD2412 on 22 Sep 2020; discussion
 * 31 Aug 2020 – Blue or rippled triggerfish move request to Pseudobalistes fuscus by Sagotreespirit was moved to Pseudobalistes fuscus; discussion
 * 20 Nov 2020 – Aenigmachanna gollum move request to Gollum snakehead by ShinyDialga777 was no consensus; discussion
 * 08 Dec 2020 – Gambusia dominicensis move request to Dominican gambusia by Anthony Appleyard was no consensus; discussion
 * 29 Dec 2020 – Grayling (species) move request to Thymallus thymallus by Hyperik was closed; discussion
 * 02 Feb 2021 – Genypterus capensis move request to Kingklip by Park3r was moved to Kingklip by Jack Frost on 11 Feb 2021; discussion
 * 26 Mar 2021 – Siamese fighting fish move request to Betta splendens by Þjarkur was closed by Lourdes on 30 Mar 2021; discussion
 * 28 Apr 2021 – Plectorhinchus picus move request to Plectorhinchus pica by Anthony Appleyard was moved to Plectorhinchus pica by Buidhe on 06 May 2021; discussion
 * 23 May 2021 – Electric eel move request to Electrophorus electricus by Laterthanyouthink was closed; discussion
 * 15 Jul 2021 – Asian carp move request to Invasive carp by GeoffreyT2000 was not moved; discussion
 * 18 Jul 2021 – Labeo move request to Labeo (carp) by Avilich was not moved; discussion
 * 13 Aug 2021 – Mendosoma move request to Mendosoma lineatum by YorkshireExpat was closed; discussion
 * 12 Jan 2022 – Steelhead trout move request to Steelhead by Mike Cline was moved to Steelhead; discussion
 * 20 Jun 2022 – Sea Dragon move request to Seadragon by Mellohi! was no consensus; discussion
 * 08 Jul 2022 – Siamese fighting fish move request to Betta fish by Fieari was not moved; discussion
 * 09 Jul 2022 – Suggrundus move request to Insidiator by Quetzal1964 was moved to Insidiator by Vpab15 on 16 Jul 2022; discussion
 * 05 Dec 2022 – Ophiodon ozymandias move request to Ophidion ozymandias by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 22 Dec 2022 – Poacher (fish) move request to Agonidae by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 16 Jun 2023 – List of freshwater fishes of Washington (state) move request to List of freshwater fishes of Washington by Mdewman6 was closed; discussion
 * 04 Jul 2023 – List of freshwater fishes of Washington (state) move request to List of freshwater fishes of Washington by Mdewman6 was moved to List of freshwater fishes of Washington by Freedom4U on 18 Jul 2023; discussion
 * 29 Aug 2023 – Melanotaenia fluviatilis move request to Murray River rainbowfish by 99% fad-free was moved to Murray River rainbowfish by ModernDayTrilobite on 21 Sep 2023; discussion
 * 09 Nov 2023 – Northern lamprey move request to Petromyzontidae by Hemiauchenia was moved to Petromyzontidae; discussion
 * 13 Nov 2023 – Scaevius milii move request to Green-striped coral bream by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 16 Dec 2023 – Palaeotriakis move request to Paratriakis by Ta-tea-two-te-to was withdrawn; discussion
 * 09 Jan 2024 – Molly Miller (initially Molly Miller (basketball)) move request to Scartella cristata by Bensci54 was closed; discussion
 * 01 Mar 2024 – Anglerfish move request to Lophiiformes by Quetzal1964 was not moved; discussion
 * 23 May 2024 – Striped beakfish move request to Barred knifejaw by Kodiak Blackjack was moved to Barred knifejaw by Andrewa on 31 May 2024; discussion
 * 13 May 2024 – Parachromis managuensis move request to Jaguar cichlid by Kodiak Blackjack was not moved; discussion

GAR

 * 13 Feb 2015 – Oscar (fish) nominated for GA reassessment by Ctg4Rahat was closed; discussion
 * 24 Apr 2022 – Sacred Cod nominated for GA reassessment by Ɱ was closed; discussion
 * 11 Jan 2023 – Fish nominated for GA reassessment by Artem.G was closed; discussion

AfD

 * 03 Jun 2015 – Alvin Seale AfDed by Joseph2302 was closed as keep by Davewild on 10 Jun 2015; discussion
 * 12 Jul 2015 – Scarus zufar AfDed by Gparyani was closed as keep by DavidLeighEllis on 18 Jul 2015; discussion
 * 28 Nov 2016 – Sunapee golden trout AfDed by Beeblebrox was closed as no consensus by Sandstein on 23 Dec 2016; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Madeira AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Madeira delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of China AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_China delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Mongolia AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Mongolia delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Guinea-Bissau AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Guinea-Bissau delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Canada AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Canada delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Australia AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Australia delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Ivory Coast AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Ivory_Coast delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Burundi AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Burundi delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Estonia AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Estonia delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Cape Verde AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Cape_Verde delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Malta AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Malta delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Ethiopia AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Ethiopia delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Iceland AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Iceland delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Kiribati AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Kiribati delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Montserrat AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Montserrat delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Mozambique AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Mozambique delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Seychelles AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Seychelles delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Thailand AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Thailand delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Monaco AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Monaco delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Dubai AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Dubai delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Tanzania AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Tanzania delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Romania AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Romania delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Brazil AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Brazil delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of the Maldives AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_the_Maldives delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Tajikistan AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Tajikistan delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Fiji AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Fiji delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of United Kingdom AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_United_Kingdom delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Bulgaria AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Bulgaria delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Ras al-Khaimah AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Ras_al-Khaimah delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Singapore AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Singapore delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Equatorial Guinea AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Equatorial_Guinea delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Afghanistan AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Afghanistan delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Oman AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Oman delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of the Falkland Islands AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_the_Falkland_Islands delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 14 May 2018 – List of fish on stamps of Morocco AfDed by Money emoji was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_fish_on_stamps_of_Morocco delete] by Mz7 on 22 May 2018; discussion
 * 18 Sep 2018 – Human Face Fish AfDed by Arms & Hearts was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Human_Face_Fish delete] by Vanamonde93 on 25 Sep 2018; discussion
 * 19 Nov 2018 – Evolution of Netsepoye hawesi AfDed by Elmidae was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Evolution_of_Netsepoye_hawesi delete] by Edgar181 on 26 Nov 2018; discussion
 * 01 Dec 2018 – List of alleged sightings of giant sharks AfDed by FunkMonk was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=List_of_alleged_sightings_of_giant_sharks delete] by Sandstein on 08 Dec 2018; discussion
 * 04 Dec 2018 – Ctenochromis aff. pectoralis AfDed by Quetzal1964 was closed as merge by Randykitty on 11 Dec 2018; discussion
 * 04 Dec 2018 – Earthquake fish AfDed by Kb03 was closed as merge by Randykitty on 11 Dec 2018; discussion
 * 15 Dec 2019 – Canvey Island Monster AfDed by Hog Farm was closed ([//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Canvey_Island_Monster deleted]) by JGHowes on 23 Dec 2019; discussion
 * 12 May 2020 – Luciobarbus pallaryi AfDed by JTZegers was closed as keep by Geschichte on 15 May 2020; discussion
 * 03 Jul 2021 – Humuhumu nukunuku apua'a AfDed by Dudhhr was closed as redirect by TheChronium on 10 Jul 2021; discussion
 * 05 Sep 2021 – Icthyophilia AfDed by Crossroads was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Icthyophilia delete] by Malcolmxl5 on 12 Sep 2021; discussion
 * 14 Sep 2021 – Muzaffarabadmachli AfDed by Elmidae was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Muzaffarabadmachli delete] by Explicit on 28 Sep 2021; discussion
 * 03 Dec 2021 – Potamophylax AfDed by Leomk0403 was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Potamophylax delete] by Sandstein on 11 Dec 2021; discussion
 * 22 Sep 2022 – Aplocheilichthys sp. nov. AfDed by Interaccoonale was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Aplocheilichthys_sp._nov. delete] by Liz on 29 Sep 2022; discussion
 * 04 Jan 2023 – List of transitional fossils AfDed by Hemiauchenia was closed as merge by Liz on 10 Jan 2023; discussion
 * 22 Jan 2023 – Giraffe danio AfDed by Kazamzam was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Giraffe_danio delete] by Liz on 29 Jan 2023; discussion
 * 05 May 2023 – Dipteroides AfDed by Kvng was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Dipteroides delete] by Explicit on 12 May 2023; discussion
 * 12 Aug 2023 – Kahamachli AfDed by Headbomb was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Kahamachli delete] by Liz on 19 Aug 2023; discussion
 * 13 Aug 2023 – Aplocheilichthys sp. nov. 'Baringo' AfDed by Interaccoonale was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Aplocheilichthys_sp._nov._%27Baringo%27 delete] by Extraordinary Writ on 20 Aug 2023; discussion
 * 12 Aug 2023 – Karkhimachli AfDed by Headbomb was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Karkhimachli delete] by Liz on 21 Aug 2023; discussion
 * 13 Aug 2023 – Aplocheilichthys sp. nov. 'Naivasha' AfDed by Interaccoonale was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Aplocheilichthys_sp._nov._%27Naivasha%27 delete] by Star Mississippi on 21 Aug 2023; discussion
 * 23 Nov 2023 – Inocentrus AfDed by Ta-tea-two-te-to was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Inocentrus delete] by Explicit on 30 Nov 2023; discussion
 * 07 Jan 2024 – Jack Dempsey cichlids in Australia AfDed by Surtsicna was closed as merge by Extraordinary Writ on 28 Jan 2024; discussion
 * 24 May 2024 – Anotopterus sp. (2008) AfDed by Kodiak Blackjack was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Anotopterus_sp._(2008) delete] by Liz on 31 May 2024; discussion
 * 27 Jun 2024 – Channa torsaensis AfDed by Headbomb was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Channa_torsaensis delete] by Doczilla on 04 Jul 2024; discussion

GAN

 * 28 Jul 2015 – Paddlefish GA nominated by Capitalismojo was promoted; discussion
 * 01 Sep 2015 – Smooth toadfish GA nominated by Casliber was promoted; discussion
 * 25 Jan 2016 – Teleost GA nominated by LittleJerry was promoted by Dunkleosteus77; discussion
 * 02 Feb 2016 – Stephanolepis cirrhifer GA nominated by Rcej was promoted by Sainsf; discussion
 * 18 Apr 2017 – Pacific blue-eye GA nominated by Casliber was promoted by Ealdgyth; discussion
 * 20 May 2018 – Atlanticopristis GA nominated by PaleoGeekSquared was promoted by Dunkleosteus77; discussion
 * 10 Nov 2018 – Cretoxyrhina GA nominated by Macrophyseter was promoted by Dunkleosteus77; discussion
 * 15 May 2018 – Ambassis macleayi GA nominated by Nick Thorne was promoted by J Milburn; discussion
 * 27 Mar 2019 – Sturgeon GA nominated by Atsme was promoted; discussion
 * 26 Sep 2019 – Halloween darter GA nominated by Enwebb was promoted by J Milburn; discussion
 * 12 Nov 2019 – Alopias palatasi GA nominated by Macrophyseter was promoted by Dunkleosteus77; discussion
 * 17 Oct 2019 – Devils Hole pupfish GA nominated by Enwebb was promoted by Jens Lallensack; discussion
 * 12 Dec 2019 – Christmas darter GA nominated by Enwebb was promoted by J Milburn; discussion
 * 30 Nov 2021 – Queen angelfish GA nominated by LittleJerry was promoted by Jens Lallensack; discussion
 * 01 Jan 2022 – Thinopus GA nominated by Jens Lallensack was promoted by Amitchell125; discussion
 * 05 Mar 2022 – Dracopristis GA nominated by Fossiladder13 was promoted by Ealdgyth; discussion
 * 17 Mar 2022 – Yellowtail flounder GA nominated by Eviolite was promoted by RecycledPixels; discussion
 * 11 May 2022 – Electric fish GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by Simongraham; discussion
 * 28 May 2022 – Jamming avoidance response GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by PCN02WPS; discussion
 * 26 May 2022 – Electric eel GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by Pi.1415926535; discussion
 * 28 May 2022 – Ampullae of Lorenzini GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by GeoffreyT2000; discussion
 * 31 Aug 2022 – Electric organ (fish) GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by Jj1691; discussion
 * 28 Apr 2023 – Lateral line GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by Mertbiol; discussion
 * 09 Oct 2023 – Dwarf pufferfish GA nominated by Primium was promoted by Chiswick Chap; discussion
 * 11 Feb 2024 – Fish GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was not promoted by Just-a-can-of-beans; discussion
 * 07 Mar 2024 – Fish GA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted by Reconrabbit; discussion

FAC

 * 09 Oct 2015 – Smooth toadfish FA nominated by Casliber was promoted; discussion
 * 14 Mar 2016 – Teleost FA nominated by LittleJerry was promoted; discussion
 * 18 May 2017 – Pacific blue-eye FA nominated by Casliber was promoted; discussion
 * 22 May 2017 – Great white shark FA nominated by Pvmoutside was not promoted; discussion
 * 12 Oct 2017 – Megalodon FA nominated by Dunkleosteus77 was promoted; discussion
 * 27 Dec 2018 – Cretoxyrhina FA nominated by Macrophyseter was not promoted; discussion
 * 08 Apr 2019 – Cretoxyrhina FA nominated by Macrophyseter was promoted; discussion
 * 02 Feb 2022 – Queen angelfish FA nominated by LittleJerry was promoted; discussion
 * 14 Aug 2022 – Electric eel FA nominated by Chiswick Chap was promoted; discussion
 * 08 Mar 2023 – A History of British Fishes FA nominated by Jimfbleak was promoted; discussion

RfC

 * 19 Jan 2016 – Overfishing RfC by Beland was closed; discussion
 * 09 Jan 2019 – Fastest animals RfC by <IP_ADDRESS> was closed; discussion
 * 17 Nov 2023 – Boops boops RfC by LaundryPizza03 was closed; discussion

CfD

 * 25 Jul 2016 – Category:Acanthodii stubs CfDed by Dawynn was closed; discussion
 * 25 Jul 2016 – Category:Acanthodii stubs CfDed by Dawynn was closed; discussion
 * 27 Jan 2017 – Category:Interactions between humans and fish CfDed by Lophotrochozoa was closed; discussion
 * 03 Feb 2018 – Category:Freshwater fish of Florida CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 07 May 2018 – Category:Cartilaginous fish described in the 19th century CfDed by Ronhjones was closed; discussion
 * 07 May 2018 – Category:Cartilaginous fish described in the 21st century CfDed by Ronhjones was closed; discussion
 * 07 May 2018 – Category:Cartilaginous fish described in the 20th century CfDed by Ronhjones was closed; discussion
 * 24 Jun 2018 – Category:Trachinoidei CfDed by Marcocapelle was closed; discussion
 * 22 Jul 2018 – Category:Gobioidei CfDed by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 27 Jul 2018 – Category:Arctic freshwater fish CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 15 Jan 2019 – Category:Euryhaline fish genera CfDed by Hyperik was closed; discussion
 * 17 Jan 2019 – Category:Euryhaline fish CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 17 Jan 2019 – Category:Euryhaline edible fish CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 18 Feb 2019 – Category:Marine edible fish CfDed by Nick Thorne was closed; discussion
 * 18 Feb 2019 – Category:Freshwater edible fish CfDed by Nick Thorne was closed; discussion
 * 19 Feb 2019 – Category:Edible fish by habitat CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 01 Mar 2019 – Category:Anchovies CfDed by Jmertel23 was closed; discussion
 * 09 Mar 2019 – Category:Engraulidae CfDed by DannyS712 was closed; discussion
 * 11 Jul 2019 – Category:Fishes articles needing infoboxes CfDed by Trialpears was closed; discussion
 * 04 Jan 2020 – Category:Poisonous fish CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 31 Jan 2020 – Category:Marine fauna of Australia CfDed by Oculi was closed; discussion
 * 31 Jan 2020 – Category:Marine fauna of Northern Australia CfDed by Oculi was closed; discussion
 * 13 Feb 2020 – Category:Fish of Kazakhstan CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 13 Feb 2020 – Category:Fish of Turkmenistan CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 13 Feb 2020 – Category:Fish of Uzbekistan CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 02 Feb 2020 – Category:Pan-tropical fish CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 17 May 2020 – Category:Oxudercinae CfDed by Lymantria was closed; discussion
 * 22 Jun 2020 – Category:Cualac CfDed by BrownHairedGirl was closed; discussion
 * 18 Jul 2020 – Category:Fish of Algeria CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 23 Jun 2020 – Category:Glyphis CfDed by BrownHairedGirl was closed; discussion
 * 04 Nov 2020 – Category:Fish of Tunisia CfDed by DexDor was closed; discussion
 * 23 Jun 2020 – Category:Glyphis CfDed by BrownHairedGirl was closed; discussion
 * 28 Feb 2021 – Category:Heterostracan incertae sedis CfDed by 1234qwer1234qwer4 was closed; discussion
 * 16 May 2021 – Category:Fish articles needing expert attention CfDed by JJMC89 was closed; discussion
 * 03 Dec 2021 – Category:Petromyzontiformes CfDed by LaundryPizza03 was closed; discussion
 * 20 Jul 2023 – Category:Heterostraci enigmatic taxa CfDed by Monster Iestyn was closed; discussion
 * 20 Jul 2023 – Category:Fish enigmatic taxa CfDed by Monster Iestyn was closed; discussion
 * 20 Jul 2023 – Category:Placodermi enigmatic taxa CfDed by Monster Iestyn was closed; discussion
 * 20 Jul 2023 – Category:Arthrodira enigmatic taxa CfDed by Monster Iestyn was closed; discussion
 * 20 Jul 2023 – Category:Ray-finned fish enigmatic taxa CfDed by Monster Iestyn was closed; discussion
 * 05 Oct 2023 – Category:Rasborinae stubs CfDed by I Am Andumé was closed; discussion
 * 03 Nov 2023 – Category:Marine fish of Northern Australia CfDed by Marcocapelle was closed; discussion
 * 18 Dec 2023 – Category:Shark attacks in fiction CfDed by LaundryPizza03 was closed; discussion

RfD

 * 30 Dec 2016 – Thalassenchelys foliaceus →Congriscus maldivensis RfDed by Billinghurst was closed; discussion
 * 11 Aug 2018 – Human Face Fish →Koi RfDed by Mr. Guye was closed; discussion
 * 03 Sep 2019 – พระฉันนะ →Channa RfDed by Rosguill was closed; discussion
 * 03 Sep 2019 – นายฉันนะ →Channa RfDed by Rosguill was closed; discussion
 * 01 Feb 2022 – Fish protein →protein RfDed by Steel1943 was closed; discussion
 * 17 Mar 2022 – Amphilius grammatophorus →Mountain barbel RfDed by Rosguill was closed; discussion
 * 07 Jul 2022 – Combattant →Siamese fighting fish RfDed by TraderCharlotte was closed; discussion
 * 07 Jul 2022 – Siamese -Betta- fighter fish →Siamese fighting fish RfDed by TraderCharlotte was closed; discussion
 * 07 Jul 2022 – Chinese fighting fish →Siamese fighting fish RfDed by TraderCharlotte was closed; discussion
 * 07 Jul 2022 – Japanese fighting fish →Siamese fighting fish RfDed by TraderCharlotte was closed; discussion
 * 20 Nov 2022 – Sake no dengaku →Salmon RfDed by Mdewman6 was closed; discussion
 * 05 Jan 2023 – Sardinops agax sagax →Peruvian Pacific sardine RfDed by Jj1691 was closed; discussion

TfD

 * 20 Aug 2017 – Template:Dogfish-stub TfDed by The Banner was closed; discussion
 * 25 Jul 2021 – Template:Fishportal TfDed by Aza24 was closed; discussion
 * 13 Dec 2021 – Template:Selenosteidae TfDed by Jonesey95 was closed; discussion
 * 09 Jun 2022 – Template:Dunkleosteidae TfDed by WikiCleanerMan was closed; discussion
 * 18 Dec 2022 – Template:Electric fish clades TfDed by WikiCleanerMan was closed; discussion
 * 30 Oct 2023 – Template:WikiProject Fishes/class TfDed by Gonnym was closed; discussion
 * 30 Oct 2023 – Template:WikiProject Sharks/class TfDed by Gonnym was closed; discussion

PR

 * 07 Sep 2017 – Megalodon put up for PR by Dunkleosteus77 was closed; discussion
 * 15 May 2018 – Tasmanian whitebait put up for PR by Nick Thorne was closed; discussion
 * 22 May 2018 – Southern eagle ray put up for PR by SkyGazer 512 was closed; discussion
 * 15 Feb 2019 – Cretoxyrhina put up for PR by Macrophyseter was closed; discussion
 * 17 May 2022 – Dwarf pufferfish put up for PR by Primium was closed; discussion
 * 15 Mar 2023 – Astyanax altiparanae put up for PR by Snugglyaggron was closed; discussion

MfD

 * 11 Apr 2019 – Portal:Anchovies MfDed by CoolSkittle was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Portal%3aAnchovies delete] by Amorymeltzer on 19 Apr 2019; discussion
 * 14 Apr 2019 – Portal:Forage fish MfDed by Legacypac was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Portal%3aForage_fish delete] by JJMC89 on 21 Apr 2019; discussion
 * 02 May 2019 – Portal:Aquarium fish MfDed by UnitedStatesian was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Portal%3aAquarium_fish delete] by Premeditated Chaos on 09 May 2019; discussion
 * 14 May 2019 – Portal:Acipenseriformes MfDed by UnitedStatesian was closed as [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Portal%3aAcipenseriformes delete] by MER-C on 21 May 2019; discussion
 * undated – WikiProject Fishes/Assessment MfDed was closed; discussion
 * undated – WikiProject Sharks/Assessment MfDed was closed; discussion

MRG

 * 10 Nov 2018 – Cosmopolitodus hastalis proposed for merging to Cosmopolitodus by FunkMonk was closed; discussion
 * 24 Apr 2019 – Andreolepis hedei proposed for merging to Andreolepis by Paleofroggy was closed; discussion
 * 09 Apr 2019 – Bicolour Parrotfish proposed for merging to Cetoscarus ocellatus by Wbm1058 was closed; discussion
 * 03 Jun 2019 – Post Cretaceous Coelacanth fossils proposed for merging to Coelacanth by FunkMonk was closed; discussion
 * 17 Jun 2019 – Telodontaspis proposed for merging to Cretoxyrhina by Tom.Reding was closed; discussion
 * 07 Feb 2019 – Seer fish proposed for merging to Spanish mackerel by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 13 Jul 2019 – Cephalopholis urodelus proposed for merging to Cephalopholis urodeta by SimekOne was closed; discussion
 * 10 Jun 2020 – Inbreeding in fish proposed for merging to Inbreeding in fish by BeanSprugget was closed; discussion
 * 31 Jul 2020 – Dunckerocampus pessuliferus (initially Doryrhamphus pessuliferus) proposed for merging to Doryrhamphus pessuliferus by Paucabot was closed; discussion
 * 15 Feb 2020 – Birgeriidae proposed for merging to Birgeria by Hemiauchenia was closed; discussion
 * 13 Jan 2021 – Carcharocles proposed for merging to Otodus by <IP_ADDRESS> was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys irinae proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys rhinoceratus proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys richardsoni proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys mithridatis proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 05 Apr 2021 – Antennarius coccineus proposed for merging to Antennatus coccineus by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 05 Apr 2021 – Barbodes sealei proposed for merging to Puntius sealei by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 12 Nov 2021 – Sleek Unicornfish proposed for merging to Naso hexacanthus by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys irinae proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys rhinoceratus proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys richardsoni proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 25 Oct 2020 – Channichthys mithridatis proposed for merging to Channichthys by Paul Carpenter was closed; discussion
 * 13 Jan 2021 – Carcharocles proposed for merging to Otodus by <IP_ADDRESS> was closed; discussion
 * 18 Apr 2022 – Mountain Whitefish proposed for merging to Mountain whitefish by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 15 Oct 2022 – Antarctic fishes proposed for merging to Notothenioidei by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 15 Oct 2022 – Notothenioidei proposed for merging to Antarctic fishes by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 04 Sep 2022 – Sprattus proposed for merging to Sprat by KaiKemmann was closed; discussion
 * 29 Apr 2023 – Sprat proposed for merging to Sprattus by Klbrain was closed; discussion
 * 05 Sep 2023 – Bourbonnella proposed for merging to Bourbonella by GleisReis was closed; discussion
 * 05 Aug 2023 – Mottled eel proposed for merging to Anguilla bengalensis by <IP_ADDRESS> was closed; discussion
 * 29 Aug 2023 – Cosmopolitodus planus proposed for merging to Cosmopolitodus by FunkMonk was closed; discussion
 * 26 Aug 2023 – Short-tooth sawpalate (initially Black sawtoothed eel) proposed for merging to Black sawtoothed eel by Big Blue Cray(fish) Twins was closed; discussion
 * 30 Aug 2023 – Haplochromis aff. bloyeti proposed for merging to Astatotilapia bloyeti by Big Blue Cray(fish) Twins was closed; discussion
 * 25 Jan 2024 – Neoselachii proposed for merging to Elasmobranchii by Hemiauchenia was closed; discussion
 * 26 Jan 2024 – Anematichthys proposed for merging to Anematichthys repasson by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 14 Oct 2023 – Houting proposed for merging to Coregonus lavaretus by Pax Brittanica was closed; discussion
 * 02 May 2024 – Redside Shiner proposed for merging to Redside shiner by Plantdrew was closed; discussion
 * 23 May 2024 – Tsunami fish proposed for merging to Striped beakfish by Kodiak Blackjack was closed; discussion
 * 19 Jun 2024 – Arak toothcarp proposed for merging to Esmaeilius sophiae by Big Blue Cray(fish) Twins was closed; discussion
 * 19 Jun 2024 – Aphanius mesopotamicus proposed for merging to Esmaeilius sophiae by Big Blue Cray(fish) Twins was closed; discussion
 * 03 Jun 2024 – Halieutopsis vermicularis proposed for merging to Halieutopsis nasuta by Quetzal1964 was closed; discussion
 * 29 Nov 2023 – Stomias boa (initially Stomias boa boa) proposed for merging to Stomias boa boa by Pbsouthwood was closed; discussion
 * 01 Jan 2024 – Damselfish proposed for merging to Pomacentridae by Klbrain was closed; discussion

AFC

 * 21 May 2019 – Draft:Billfish in the Indian Ocean submitted for AfC by Rolofrolo was moved to Billfish in the Indian Ocean by DGG on 27 Sep 2019
 * 04 Jan 2020 – Draft:Brama dussumieri submitted for AfC by Willbb234 was moved to Brama dussumieri by MChGilbert on 23 Jan 2020
 * 21 Nov 2019 – Draft:Sea circles submitted for AfC by Jmertel23 was accepted to Sea circles by Sam-2727 on 18 Mar 2020
 * 14 Apr 2021 – Draft:Amhara Massacre submitted for AfC by KeyBaher was declined by Zoozaz1 on 02 May 2021
 * 01 May 2021 – Draft:Wladysagitta submitted for AfC by Entelognathus was accepted to Wladysagitta by Calliopejen1 on 11 Jun 2021
 * 03 Oct 2021 – Draft:Loganellidae submitted for AfC by Zakqary was accepted to Loganellidae by Rusalkii on 08 Dec 2021
 * 03 Oct 2021 – Draft:Shieliidae submitted for AfC by Zakqary was declined by Missvain on 13 Dec 2021
 * 26 Nov 2021 – Draft:The Manta Pacific Research Foundation submitted for AfC by HRm-wiki was declined by Slywriter on 27 Dec 2021
 * undated – Draft:Oeseliidae submitted for AfC was accepted to Oeselia by Shyamal on 31 Dec 2021
 * undated – Draft:Pumpkinseed x bluegill sunfish submitted for AfC was moved to Pumpkinseed x bluegill sunfish by Kvng on 31 Jan 2022
 * 10 Feb 2022 – Draft:Phractura gladysae submitted for AfC by Calgary341 was accepted to Phractura gladysae by Ts12rAc on 11 Feb 2022
 * 10 Feb 2022 – Draft:Phractura intermedia submitted for AfC by Calgary341 was accepted to Phractura intermedia by Ts12rAc on 11 Feb 2022
 * 11 Feb 2022 – Draft:Phractura longicauda submitted for AfC by Calgary341 was accepted to Phractura longicauda by Ts12rAc on 11 Feb 2022
 * 26 Apr 2022 – Draft:Cirrhilabrus cenderawasih submitted for AfC by Melecie was accepted to Cirrhilabrus cenderawasih by KylieTastic on 13 May 2022
 * 26 Apr 2022 – Draft:Cirrhilabrus Adornatus submitted for AfC by Melecie was accepted to Cirrhilabrus adornatus by KylieTastic on 13 May 2022
 * undated – Draft:Cirrhilabrus condei submitted for AfC was accepted to Cirrhilabrus condei by HitroMilanese on 15 May 2022
 * 26 Apr 2022 – Draft:Cirrhilabrus Balteatus submitted for AfC by Melecie was declined by Johannes Maximilian on 18 May 2022
 * undated – Draft:Cirrhilabrus Balteatus submitted for AfC was accepted to Cirrhilabrus balteatus by Pythoncoder on 26 May 2022
 * 09 May 2022 – Draft:Winter skate submitted for AfC by <IP_ADDRESS> was accepted to Winter skate by KylieTastic on 28 May 2022
 * 08 Apr 2022 – Draft:Kendall Warm Springs Dace submitted for AfC by Ievans010 was moved to Kendall Warm Springs Dace by KylieTastic on 12 Jun 2022
 * 11 Jun 2022 – Draft:Rhamdia quelen submitted for AfC by KylieTastic was declined by Greenman on 12 Jul 2022
 * 13 Jul 2022 – Draft:Acentrogobius caninus submitted for AfC by AlchemyFeline was accepted to Acentrogobius caninus by Dan arndt on 14 Jul 2022
 * 11 Jun 2022 – Draft:Hopping Hotspots submitted for AfC by Palaeolife was declined by The Most Comfortable Chair on 25 Jul 2022
 * 06 Aug 2022 – Draft:Chris Englezou submitted for AfC by Biotopehistorian was [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=delete&page=Draft%3aChris_Englezou deleted]
 * 28 Aug 2022 – Draft:Epinephelus cifuentesi submitted for AfC by LuckyRascall was accepted to Epinephelus cifuentesi by KylieTastic on 29 Aug 2022
 * 30 Sep 2022 – Draft:Bulongosteus submitted for AfC by Jvirus2 was accepted to Bulongosteus by Theroadislong on 02 Oct 2022
 * 23 Nov 2022 – Draft:Leather carp submitted for AfC by 574923Ww? was declined by Modussiccandi on 24 Nov 2022
 * 23 Nov 2022 – Draft:Salvelinus gracillimus submitted for AfC by 574923Ww? was moved to Salvelinus gracillimus by Rusalkii on 25 Nov 2022
 * 23 Nov 2022 – Draft:Kollar carp submitted for AfC by 574923Ww? was moved to Kollar carp by 574923Ww? on 28 Nov 2022
 * 23 Nov 2022 – Draft:Phaneropleuridae submitted for AfC by 574923Ww? was moved to Phaneropleuridae by Jj1691 on 29 Nov 2022
 * 02 Dec 2022 – Draft:Xantic Sargo submitted for AfC by Ichthyology8242 was accepted to Anisotremus davidsonii by KylieTastic on 03 Dec 2022
 * 30 Dec 2022 – Draft:Triazeugacanthus submitted for AfC by CRW980 was moved to Triazeugacanthus by Elmidae on 08 Jan 2023
 * 28 Jan 2023 – Draft:Barbodes sellifer submitted for AfC by A.H Idham was accepted to Barbodes sellifer by Curb Safe Charmer on 30 Jan 2023
 * 30 Jan 2023 – Draft:Barbodes zakariaismaili submitted for AfC by A.H Idham was accepted to Barbodes zakariaismaili by Dan arndt on 30 Jan 2023
 * 28 Jan 2023 – Draft:Regal Springs AG submitted for AfC by Cantab888 was declined by DoubleGrazing on 24 May 2023
 * 22 May 2023 – Draft:Baitcaster Combo submitted for AfC by Gearknacks was declined by BuySomeApples on 28 May 2023
 * 12 Jun 2023 – Draft:Pelvicachromis drachenfelsi submitted for AfC by WaylonSummers was accepted to Pelvicachromis drachenfelsi by Dan arndt on 12 Jun 2023
 * 19 Jun 2023 – Draft:Corydora arcuatus submitted for AfC by <IP_ADDRESS> was moved to Corydora arcuatus by Ozzie10aaaa on 27 Jun 2023
 * 27 Sep 2023 – Draft:Quantitative Aquatics submitted for AfC by Valenruizl was declined by WikiOriginal-9 on 05 Nov 2023
 * undated – Draft:Ngari submitted for AfC was accepted to Ngari (fish) by WikiOriginal-9 on 06 Nov 2023
 * 22 Dec 2023 – Draft:List of crab species submitted for AfC by Gcenty was declined by Ca on 22 Dec 2023
 * 30 Mar 2024 – Draft:João Paulo Krajewski submitted for AfC by Robertabonaldo was declined by 1AmNobody24 on 30 Apr 2024
 * 26 May 2024 – Draft:Douglas Creek submitted for AfC by MeadowLore was moved to Douglas Creek (Canada) by Notcharizard on 26 May 2024
 * 12 Jun 2024 – Draft:João Paulo Krajewski submitted for AfC by Robertabonaldo was declined by Johannes Maximilian on 13 Jun 2024

SPL

 * 26 Nov 2020 – Pocket shark proposed for splitting by FunkMonk was closed; discussion
 * 05 Jan 2020 – Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes proposed for splitting by Elmidae was closed; discussion
 * 05 Jan 2020 – Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes proposed for splitting by Elmidae was closed; discussion

FfD

 * 05 Jul 2024 – File:Goldfish Matisse.jpg (on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) FfDed by Grendelkhan was closed; discussion


text:
Wikipedia talk:Wikipedia Signpost/2012-07-09/Special report

 * Interesting report. Thank you! Pine✉ 19:30, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Not all Semitic languages are written from right to left. There's Amharic, for example. Ntsimp (talk) 22:23, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * If the foundation says that all Semitic languages are written from right to left, then they are. Malleus Fatuorum 01:04, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Numerical Methods/Numerical Integration

<< Numerical Methods

Often, we need to find the integral of a function that may be difficult to integrate analytically (ie, as a definite integral) or impossible (the function only existing as a table of values).

Some methods of approximating said integral are listed below.

Trapezoidal Rule
Consider some function, possibly unknown, $$f(x)$$, with known values over the interval [a,b] at n+1 evenly spaced points xi of spacing $$h={(b-a) \over n}$$, $$x_0=a$$ and $$x_n=b$$.

Further, denote the function value at the ith mesh point as $$f(x_i)$$.

Using the notion of integration as "finding the area under the function curve", we can denote the integral over the ith segment of the interval, from $$x_{i-1}$$ to $$x_i$$ as:

$$\int_{x_{i-1}}^{x_i} f(x)\, dx$$ =  (1)

Since we may not know the antiderivative of $$f(x)$$, we must approximate it. Such approximation in the Trapezoidal Rule, unsurprisingly, involves approximating (1) with a trapezoid of width h, left height $$f(x_{i-1})$$, right height $$f(x_i)$$. Thus,

(1) $$\simeq {1 \over 2}h(f(x_{i-1}) + f(x_i))$$ =  (2)

(2) gives us an approximation to the area under one interval of the curve, and must be repeated to cover the entire interval.

For the case where n = 2,

$$\int_{x_a}^{x_b} f(x)\, dx \simeq {1 \over 2}h(f(x_0) + f(x_1)) + {1 \over 2}h(f(x_{1}) + f(x_2))$$ = (3)

Collecting like terms on the right hand side of (3) gives us:

$$ {1 \over 2} h (f(x_0) + f(x_1) + f(x_1) + f(x_2)) $$

or

$$ {1 \over 2} h (f(x_0) + 2f(x_1) + f(x_2)) $$

Now, substituting in for h and cleaning up,

$$ {(b-a) \over 2\cdot2} (f(x_0) + 2f(x_1) + f(x_2)) $$

To motivate the general version of the trapezoidal rule, now consider n = 4,

$$\int_{x_a}^{x_b} f(x)\, dx \simeq {1 \over 2}h(f(x_0) + f(x_1)) + {1 \over 2}h(f(x_1) + f(x_2)) + {1 \over 2}h(f(x_2) + f(x_3)) + {1 \over 2}h(f(x_3) + f(x_4))$$

Following a similar process as for the case when n=2, we obtain

$$ {(b-a) \over 2\cdot4} (f(x_0) + 2(f(x_1) + f(x_2) + f(x_3)) + f(x_4)) $$

Proceeding to the general case where n = N,

$$ \int_{x_a}^{x_b} f(x)\, dx \simeq {(b-a) \over 2 \cdot n} (f(x_0) + 2(\sum_{k=1}^Nf(x_k)) + f(x_n)) $$

This is an example of what the trapezoidal rule would represent graphicly, here $$ y = -x^2 + 5 $$.

Example
Approximate $$ \int_{0}^{1} x^3\, dx $$ to within 5%.

First, since the function can be exactly integrated, let us do so, to provide a check on our answer.

$$ \int_{0}^{1} x^3\, dx = \left [{x^4 \over 4}\right ]_0^1 = {1 \over 4} = 0.25 $$ = (4)

We will start with an interval size of 1, only considering the end points.

$$ f(0) = 0 $$

$$ f(1) = 1 $$

(4) $$ \simeq {(1-0) \over (2\cdot1)} (f(0) + f(1)) = {1 \over 2.1} (0 + 1) = {1 \over 2} = 0.5$$

Relative error = $$ \left |{ (0.5-0.25) \over 0.25} \right | = 1 $$

Hmm, a little high for our purposes. So, we halve the interval size to 0.5 and add to the list

$$ f(0.5) = 0.125 $$

(4) $$ \simeq {(1-0) \over (2\cdot2)} (f(0) + 2f(0.5) + f(1)) = {1 \over 2\cdot2} (0 + 2(0.125) + 1) = {1.25 \over 4} = 0.3125$$

Relative error = $$ \left |{ (0.3125-0.25) \over 0.25} \right | = 0.25 $$

Still above 0.01, but vastly improved from the initial step. We continue in the same fashion, calculating $$f(0.25)$$ and $$f(0.75)$$, rounding off to four decimal places.

$$ f(0.25) = 0.0156 $$

$$ f(0.75) = 0.4219 $$

(4) $$ \simeq {(1-0) \over (2\cdot4)} ( 0 + 2(0.0156 + 0.125 + 0.4219) + 1) = {1 \over 8} (2.2150) = 0.2656 $$

Relative error = $$ \left |{ (0.2656-0.25) \over 0.25} \right | = 0.0624 $$

We are well on our way. Continuing, with interval size 0.125 and rounding as before,

$$ f(0.125) = 0.0020 $$

$$ f(0.375) = 0.0527 $$

$$ f(0.625) = 0.2441 $$

$$ f(0.875) = 0.6699 $$

(4) $$ \simeq {(1-0) \over (2\cdot8)} (0 + 2(0.0020 + 0.0156 + 0.0527 + 0.0125 + 0.2441 + 0.4219 + 0.6699) + 1) = {1 \over 16} (4.0624) = 0.2539 $$

Relative error = $$ \left |{ (0.2539-0.25) \over 0.25} \right | = 0.0156 $$

Since our relative error is less than 5%, we stop.

Error Analysis
Let y=f(x) be continuous, well-behaved and have continuous derivatives in [x0,xn]. We expand y in a Taylor series about x=x0,thus- $$\int_{x_0}^{x_1}y\, dx=\int_{x_0}^{x_1}[y_0+(x-x_0)y'_0+(x-x_0)^2y''_0/2!+......]\,dx$$

Simpson's Rule
Consider some function $$y=f(x)$$ possibily unknown with known values over the interval [a,b] at n+1 evently spaced points then it defined as

$$\int_{x_0}^{x_n} f(x)\, dx \simeq {1 \over 3}h \bigg\{f(x_0) + f(x_n) + 2\Big(f(x_2) + f(x_4) + ... + f(x_{n-2})\Big) + 4\Big(f(x_1) + f(x_3) + ... + f(x_{n-1})\Big)\bigg\}$$

where $$h={(b-a) \over n}$$ and $$x_0=a$$ and $$x_n=b$$.

Example
Evaluate $$ \int\limits_0^{1.2} {x\left( {8 - x^3 } \right)^{\frac{1} {2}} dx} $$ by taking $$n = 6$$ ($$n$$ must be even)

Solution: Here $$f(x) = x\left( {8 - x^3 } \right)^{\frac{1}{2}} $$

Since $$a = 0$$ & $$b = 1.2$$ so $$h = \frac{n} = \frac{6} = 0.2$$

Now when $$a = x_0 = 0$$ then $$ f(x_0) = 0$$

And since $$x_n = x_{n - 1}  + h$$, therefore for $$x_1 = 0.2$$, $$x_2 = 0.4$$ , $$x_3 = 0.6$$ , $$x_4 = 0.8$$ , $$x_5 = 1$$ , $$x_6 = b = 1.2$$ the corresponding values are $$f(x_1) = 0.7784$$ , $$f(x_2) = 1.58721$$ , $$f(x_3) = 1.6740$$ , $$f(x_4) = 2.1891$$ , $$f(x_5) = 2.6458$$ , $$f(x_6) = 3.0053$$

Incomplete ... Completed soon

Simpson's 3/8
The numerical integration technique known as "Simpson's 3/8 rule" is credited to the mathematician Thomas Simpson (1710-1761) of Leicestershire, England. His also worked in the areas of numerical interpolation and probability theory.

Theorem (Simpson's 3/8 Rule)  Consider  over, where , , and. Simpson's 3/8 rule is

.

This is an numerical approximation to the integral of over  and we have the expression

.

The remainder term for Simpson's 3/8 rule is,  where  lies somewhere between , and have the equality

.

Proof Simpson's 3/8 Rule  Simpson's 3/8 Rule

Composite Simpson's 3/8 Rule

Our next method of finding the area under a curve is by approximating that curve with a series of cubic segments that lie above the intervals. When several cubics are used, we call it the composite Simpson's 3/8 rule.

Theorem (Composite Simpson's 3/8 Rule) Consider  over. Suppose that the interval is subdivided into  subintervals    of equal width    by using the equally spaced sample points    for. The composite Simpson's 3/8 rule for subintervals is

.

This is an numerical approximation to the integral of over  and we write

.

Proof Simpson's 3/8 Rule  Simpson's 3/8 Rule

Remainder term for the Composite Simpson's 3/8 Rule

Corollary (Simpson's 3/8 Rule:  Remainder term)   Suppose that  is subdivided into  subintervals    of width. The composite Simpson's 3/8 rule

.

is an numerical approximation to the integral, and

.

Furthermore, if,  then there exists a value  with    so that the error term    has the form

.

This is expressed using the "big " notation.

Remark. When the step size is reduced by a factor of the remainder term   should be reduced by approximately.

Algorithm Composite Simpson's 3/8 Rule. To approximate the integral

,

by sampling   at the    equally spaced sample points   for ,  where. Notice that   and.

Animations (Simpson's 3/8 Rule Simpson's 3/8 Rule). Internet hyperlinks to animations.

Computer Programs Simpson's 3/8 Rule  Simpson's 3/8 Rule

Mathematica Subroutine (Simpson's 3/8 Rule). Object oriented programming.

Example 1. Numerically approximate the integral   by using Simpson's 3/8 rule with  m = 1, 2, 4. Solution 1.

Example 2. Numerically approximate the integral   by using Simpson's 3/8 rule with  m = 10, 20, 40, 80,  and 160. Solution 2.

Example 3. Find the analytic value of the integral   (i.e. find the "true value"). Solution 3.

Example 4. Use the "true value" in example 3 and find the error for the Simpson' 3/8 rule approximations in example 2. Solution 4.

Example 5. When the step size is reduced by a factor of the error term   should be reduced by approximately. Explore this phenomenon. Solution 5.

Example 6. Numerically approximate the integral by using Simpson's 3/8 rule with  m = 1, 2, 4. Solution 6.

Example 7. Numerically approximate the integral   by using Simpson's 3/8 rule with  m = 10, 20, 40, 80,  and 160. Solution 7.

Example 8. Find the analytic value of the integral   (i.e. find the "true value"). Solution 8.

Example 9. Use the "true value" in example 8 and find the error for the Simpson's 3/8 rule approximations in example 7. Solution 9.

Example 10. When the step size is reduced by a factor of the error term   should be reduced by approximately. Explore this phenomenon. Solution 10.

Various Scenarios and Animations for Simpson's 3/8 Rule.

Example 11. Let   over. Use Simpson's 3/8 rule to approximate the value of the integral. Solution 11.

Animations (Simpson's 3/8 Rule Simpson's 3/8 Rule). Internet hyperlinks to animations.

Research Experience for Undergraduates

Simpson's Rule for Numerical Integration Simpson's Rule for Numerical Integration  Internet hyperlinks to web sites and a bibliography of articles.

References and further reading

 * Eric W. Weisstein. "Trapezoidal Rule." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/TrapezoidalRule.html
 * Davis, P. J., & Rabinowitz, P. (2007). Methods of numerical integration. Courier Corporation.

Main Page - Mathematics bookshelf - Numerical Methods

title: Numerical Methods/Numerical Integration


text:
Animal Behavior/Pheromones in ants and bees

One of the many ways in which organisms can communicate with each other is through the use of pheromones. An organism generates and emits these hormonal chemicals in order to relay a message to another member of the same species. Ants and bees demonstrate two prominent examples of pheromone usage, which acknowledges their incredible capability to organize the behaviors of the whole colony.

Ants produce numerous different pheromones, each with its own distinct purpose. Ants secrete pheromones to attract mates, to signal danger to the colony, or to give directions about a location. Other pheromones act as deterrents keeping out unwanted ants from foreign colonies or preying insectivores. Still other pheromones communicate ants to congregate. This explains how assiduous ants exercise remarkable cooperation in building a colony. Pheromones maintain the cohesiveness and organization of the complex ant communities. Certain types, such as alarm pheromones, produce a “releaser effect”, which induces a quick response and may be used to tell other ants to evacuate a dangerous area such as an approaching lawnmower. For example, when a spider approaches an ant will release alarm pheromones that alert all the other ants. Ants may also discharge alarm pheromones as a result from being diverted from their work, e.g. heavy human steps. Releaser pheromones are also used to mark territory. As the chemical deposited dries, it signals to other species members of the territory’s occupant.

Other pheromones create a “primer effect” that entices other ants for actions. Such pheromones are useful in mating rituals and only affect ants of the opposite sex. Primer pheromones can send signals to the endocrine system, to make appropriate changes, for instance ovulation required for successful mating.

Biologist E.O. Wilson discovered in the 1960’s that the organic chemical for each pheromone varies tremendously depending on what signal it entails. Ants taste and smell a substance that evaporates off the chemical laid down by another ant. Wilson observed in slow motion films that ants do this by moving their antennae from side to side. For example, alarm pheromones are discharged into the air, and expand in a circle of smell. Ants can determine the concentration of the pheromone, and thus determine the proximity of the source of danger.

Bees are also well known for communicating through the use of pheromones. Like ants, bees have a variety of purposes associated with the pheromones, such as marking and behavior. Honeybees release chemical signals for marking food sources, marking their hive, in scenting potential hive sites, and in assembling swarms for flight. Although each hive has a particular scent, different colonies can be easily integrated during times when honey flow is heavy since the colony’s odor is inundated with the scent of nectar. Virgin queen bees emit a behavioral pheromone released with their feces. When the new queen feels threatened by the workers she uses this pheromone as a repellent.

Another widely identified chemical signal in bees is the Queen Mandibular Pheromone (QMP). This pheromone ensures that the queen is the only reproductive female in the hive by compromising the reproductive systems of worker bees. It also provides an attractant signal to the drones.


text:
Unione radiofonica italiana

Unione radiofonica italiana or URI (the "Italian Radiophonic Union"), was an Italian radio broadcaster founded in Turin on 27 August 1924. It was the exclusive radio broadcaster of the Kingdom of Italy.

Establishment
On 8 February 1923, the Royal decree n. 1067 gave the State the exclusive rights for the radio broadcasts to be exercised through a concessionaire company. In consequence, three companies were founded in order to achieve the licence, all of them were related to American and British manufacturers of radio devices:

Negotiations lasted more than a year, but the Minister of Post Giovanni Antonio Colonna di Cesarò seemed to want to give the licence to Ranieri.
 * The "Società italiana radio audizioni circolari" (SIRAC), founded by Riccardo Gualino and representative of RCA for Italy
 * The "Società Anonima Radiofono - Società italiana per le radiocomunicazioni circolari" (Radiofono), founded in September 1923 by Guglielmo Marconi through the British Marconi Company
 * The third competitor was engineer Luigi Ranieri, publisher of L'Araldo Telefonico and, accordingly to a provisional licence, the experimental Radio Araldo, formed after an agreement with Western Electric.

However, at the beginning of 1924, Di Cesarò resigned from the government and he was replaced by Costanzo Ciano, who preferred Marconi.

Ranieri succeeded to achieve a technical test. On 20 March 1924, Radiofono installed a test station in the Centocelle district of Rome, but it failed to broadcast a speech of Benito Mussolini in the Costanzi theater on the next 23 March probably due to electric interferences.

On 3 June 1924, Minister of Communications Costanzo Ciano addressed a letter to the companies who requested the licence, inviting them to find an agreement.

A compromise was reached with the formation of a united company, without however the joining of Radio Araldo which did not have enough capital in order to take part in it. On 27 August 1924, the URI was founded by Radiofono and SIRAC through the subscription of a share capital of 1,400,000 lire (82.9% of Radiofono e 17.1% of SIRAC). Enrico Marches from FIAT was appointed as president, while Luigi Solari, close to Guglielmo Marconi, as deputy president.

Broadcasts
On 6 October 1924, at 9 pm, the first URI station of San Filippo in Rome, produced by Marconi, broadcast the first regular announcement read by Maria Luisa Boncompagni:

"Italian Radiophonic Union. 1-RO, Rome station. Inaugural symphonic concert."

Shortly after, Ines Viviani Donarelli, from the Roman station of Corrodi Palace, presented the first programme:

"URI (Unione Radiofonica Italiana). 1-RO: station of Rome. Radio wavelength 425 meters. Our greeting and good evening to all the listeners. It is 9 pm of 6 October 1924. We broadcast the inaugural concert of the first Italian radiophonic station, for the circular radio hearings service. The quartet formed by Ines Viviani Donarelli, who is speaking, Alberto Magalotti, Amedeo Fortunati and Alessandro Cicognani, will perform Haydn from the Opus 7 string quartet, I and II half."

The programme, which lasted one hour and a half, broadcast opera, chamber and classical music along with a weather report and news about the stock exchange.

On 27 November 1924, the government gave URI private company the exclusive licences of radio broadcasting for six years (extendable to other four), accordingly to an agreement signed on 27 November 1924 and the Royal Decree n. 2191 of 14 October 1924.

With that decree, URI was considered the only Italian radio broadcaster to be authorized to spread news of public interest and the government was the only one to approve the news broadcasting from press agencies different from Agenzia Stefani, the official source as well as the first Italian press agency founded in 1853 by Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour.

The URI announcer was Maria Luisa Boncompagni from L'Araldo Telefonico and Radio Araldo.

On 18 January 1925, URI published the first issue of Radiorario, a weekly magazine which provided the broadcast schedules and publicized the new media to the public.

The radio station of Rome was followed by the one of Milan (8 December 1925) and Naples (14 November 1926).

In October 1926, adverts began to be broadcast and the advertising space was provided by Sipra.

The radio broadcasting phenomena, initially hindered by prohibitive costs for a very poor Italy, took off in the thirties due to the initiatives promoted by the Fascist regime which gave to each casa del Fascio a radio device and promoted the spread of economical devices like Radiorurale and radio Balilla.

According to the Royal Law Decree n. 2207 of 17 November 1927, URI became the Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche (EIAR) in January 1928.

title: Unione radiofonica italiana


text:
conservenblik

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) can containing preserved food, a tin-plate canister as used for canned food

title: conservenblik


text:
Kohat District

Kohat District (کوهاټ ولسوالۍ, ) is a district in the Kohat Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Kohat city is its district capital.

Mughal era
From the early sixteenth century, the history of Kohat revolves around three major tribes namely Bangash, Banoori, and Afridi. These people seemingly established their settlements within the district during the 14th and 15th centuries. From 16th to 18th centuries, Kohat being the part of Mughal Empire was administered by the chiefs of the two aforementioned tribes.

Demography
At the time of the 2017 census, the district had 132,985 households and a population of 1,111,266. Kohat had a sex ratio of 999 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate was 58.59% - 77.75% for males and 39.96% for females. 269,926 (24.29%) lived in urban areas. 28.66% of the population were under 10 years of age.

At the time of the 2011 census, 83.85% of the population spoke Pashto, 12.87% Hindko, 1.24% Urdu and 1.19% Punjabi as their first language.

Religion
Kohat is one of the few areas of Khyber Paktunkhwa which still contains a sizeable Hindu and Sikh communities.

Administration
Kohat district is divided into four Tehsils:
 * 1) Kohat
 * 2) Lachi
 * 3) Gumbat
 * 4) Dara Adam Khel Tehsil
 * 5) * formerly Frontier Region Kohat

title: Kohat District


text:
Talk:Dave Rogers (footballer, born 1975)

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Talk:Doreen Wilber

Biography assessment rating comment
WikiProject Biography Summer 2007 Assessment Drive

The article may be improved by following the WikiProject Biography 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article. -- Yamara 09:22, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Doreen Wilber


text:
Perpendicular Gothic

Perpendicular Gothic (also Perpendicular, Rectilinear, or Third Pointed) architecture was the third and final style of English Gothic architecture developed in the Kingdom of England during the Late Middle Ages, typified by large windows, four-centred arches, straight vertical and horizontal lines in the tracery, and regular arch-topped rectangular panelling. Perpendicular was the prevailing style of Late Gothic architecture in England from the 14th century to the 17th century. Perpendicular was unique to the country: no equivalent arose in Continental Europe or elsewhere in the British Isles. Of all the Gothic architectural styles, Perpendicular was the first to experience a second wave of popularity from the 18th century on in Gothic Revival architecture.

The pointed arches used in Perpendicular were often four-centred arches, allowing them to be rather wider and flatter than in other Gothic styles. Perpendicular tracery is characterized by mullions that rise vertically as far as the soffit of the window, with horizontal transoms frequently decorated with miniature crenellations. Blind panels covering the walls continued the strong straight lines of verticals and horizontals established by the tracery. Together with flattened arches and roofs, crenellations, hood mouldings, lierne vaulting, and fan vaulting were the typical stylistic features.

The first Perpendicular style building was designed in c. 1332 by William de Ramsey: a chapter house for Old St Paul's Cathedral, the cathedral of the bishop of London. The chancel of Gloucester Cathedral (c. 1337–1357) and its latter 14th-century cloisters are early examples. Four-centred arches were often used, and lierne vaults seen in early buildings were developed into fan vaults, first at the latter 14th-century chapter house of Hereford Cathedral (demolished 1769) and cloisters at Gloucester, and then at Reginald Ely's King's College Chapel, Cambridge (1446–1461) and the brothers William and Robert Vertue's Henry VII Chapel (c. 1503–1512) at Westminster Abbey.

The architect and art historian Thomas Rickman's Attempt to Discriminate the Style of Architecture in England, first published in 1812, divided Gothic architecture in the British Isles into three stylistic periods. The third and final style – Perpendicular – Rickman characterised as mostly belonging to buildings built from the reign of Richard II ((r. 1377 – 1399)) to that of Henry VIII ((r. 1509 – 1547)). From the 15th century, under the House of Tudor, the prevailing Perpendicular style is commonly known as Tudor architecture, being ultimately succeeded by Elizabethan architecture and Renaissance architecture under Elizabeth I ((r. 1558 – 1603)). Rickman had excluded from his scheme most new buildings after Henry VIII's reign, calling the style of "additions and rebuilding" in the later 16th and earlier 17th centuries "often much debased".

Perpendicular followed the Decorated Gothic (or Second Pointed) style and preceded the arrival of Renaissance elements in Tudor and Elizabethan architecture. As a Late Gothic style contemporary with Flamboyant in France and elsewhere in Europe, the heyday of Perpendicular is traditionally dated from 1377 until 1547, or from the beginning of the reign of Richard II to the beginning the reign of Edward VI. Though the style rarely appeared on the European continent, it was dominant in England until the mid-16th century.

History
In 1906 William Lethaby, Surveyor of the Fabric of Westminster Abbey, proposed that the origin of the Perpendicular style was to be found not in 14th-century Gloucester, as was traditionally argued, but in London, where the court of the House of Plantagenet was based at Westminster Palace beside Westminster Abbey. The cathedral of London, the episcopal see of the third-most senior bishop in the Church of England, was then Old St Paul's Cathedral. According to the architectural historian John Harvey, the octagonal chapter house of St Paul's, built about 1332 by William Ramsey for the cathedral canons, was the earliest example of Perpendicular Gothic. Alec Clifton-Taylor agreed that St Paul's chapter house and St Stephen's Chapel at Westminster Palace predate the early Perpendicular work at Gloucester. In the early 21st century the outline of the foundations of the chapter house was made visible in the redeveloped south churchyard of the present 17th-century cathedral.

The chapter house at St Paul's was built under the direction of William de Ramsey, who had worked on earlier phases of the still-unfinished St Stephens's Chapel. Ramsey extended the stone mullions of the windows downwards on the walls. At the top of each window he made a four-centred arch which became a distinctive feature of Perpendicular. Along with rest of Old St Paul's, the chapter house was destroyed by the Great Fire of London in 1666.

Elements of early Perpendicular are also known from St Stephen's Chapel at Westminster Palace, a palatine chapel built by King Edward I following the model of Sainte-Chapelle at the Palais de la Cité in medieval Paris. It was built in phases over a long period, from 1292 until 1348, though today only the crypt exists. The architect of the early building was Michael of Canterbury, followed in 1323 by his son Thomas. One of the original decorative features was a kind of blind tracery; blank vertical panels with cusped, or angular tops in the interior; and, on the exterior, thin stone mullions or ribs extending downward below the windows creating perpendicular spaces. These became the most characteristic feature of the style.

The earliest Perpendicular in a major church is the choir of Gloucester Cathedral (1337–1350) constructed when the south transept and choir of the then Benedictine abbey church (Gloucester was not a bishopric until after the Dissolution of the Monasteries) were rebuilt in 1331–1350. It was likely the work of one of the royal architects, either William de Ramsey, who had worked on the London cathedral chapter house, or Thomas of Canterbury, who was architect to the king when the transept of Gloucester Cathedral was begun. The architect preserved the original 11th-century walls, covering them with Flamboyant mullions and panels. The east window of Gloucester choir has a Tudor arch, filling the wall with glass. The window tracery matches the tracery on the walls.

During the reign of Edward III the style began to dominate at the Court, especially at the redevelopment of Windsor Castle, where John Sponlee designed the buildings to house Edward's neo-Arthurian fancies. Of these the Dean's Cloister and Aerary Porch survive and exhibit early Perpendicular blind tracery and lierne vaults.

The style attained maturity under Henry Yevele and William Wynford in the later 14th century. Yevele designed works for the King and Court, such as Westminster Hall, Portchester Castle and the naves of Westminster Abbey and Canterbury Cathedral, while Wynford predominantly worked for Bishop Wykeham of Winchester on the nave of the cathedral itself as well as his educational foundations of New College, Oxford and Winchester College. By c.1400 the style was widespread across the country, from Melrose in Scotland to Wells in Somerset.

Under the pious Henry VI the official style of the Court became relatively austere, as seen at the chapels of King's College, Cambridge and Eton College. However, the original intentions at both buildings are now obscured as the building work continued long after the King was overthrown, with design changes resulting in increasing ornamentation. The same process occurred at the Divinity School, Oxford.

In the later 15th century, the pendulum swung back towards elaboration, especially under the Tudors. John Harvey considered this change to be significant enough to merit Tudor Gothic being considered as a separate style, with greater continental influence, but this position is not widely held. At this period many of the most dazzling vaults were constructed, such as those by John Wastell at Peterborough Abbey (now a cathedral) and King's College chapel. These were both straightforward fan vaults, but pendant vaulting also reached its apogee with those over St Frideswide's Priory (now Oxford Cathedral) and the Henry VII Chapel at Westminster Abbey, a major example of the late Perpendicular style. Another important example is St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle, begun in 1475. The vault of the chapel was contracted to the master-mason John Aylmer in 1506.

Characteristics

 * Towers were exceptionally tall, and frequently had battlements. Spires were less frequent than in earlier periods. Buttresses were often placed at the corners of the tower, the best position for providing maximum support. Notable Perpendicular towers include those of York Minster and Gloucester Cathedral, and the churches of Boston (Lincolnshire), Wrexham and Taunton.
 * Stained glass windows were so large that the walls between were reduced to little more than piers. Horizontal mullions, called "transoms", often had to be added to the windows to give them greater stability.
 * Tracery was a major feature of decoration. In the larger churches, the entire surface from ground to summit, including the battlements, was covered with panels of tracery composed of thin stone mullions. It also appeared frequently in the interior, and often carried the designs in the window tracery down to the floor. Tracery designs were less varied, with three main types: angular reticulation, common in the west of England, panel tracery, seen in the east, and the Court style, characterised by sub-arches filled with inverted daggers in the side lights.
 * Roofs were frequently made of lead, and usually had a gentle slope, to make them easier for walking. The roof timbers on the interior were often exposed to view from below, and had ornamental supports. In this period the hammerbeam roof was used over select high-status buildings.
 * Vaults of stone were frequently elaborate and highly decorative. The most common types on major buildings were fan vaults and lierne vaults, both of which could be further elaborated with pendants. The increased weight of the vaults caused by the ornament was countered by larger buttresses on the exterior.
 * Columns were generally octagonal in section, with octagonal bases and capitals. In greater churches shafting was commonplace, and could be carried up above the capitals to unify the elevation vertically. The capitals were usually decorated with moulded or carved oak leaves, or with corbels of shields or armorial symbols, or with the Tudor rose. In more advanced buildings, capitals became less prominent.
 * Fourth-centred arches or Tudor arches were commonly used in windows and tracery and for vaults and doorways, though the two-centred arch dominated until late in the period.
 * The interiors had richly carved woodwork, particularly in the choir stalls, which often featured carved grotesque figures on the bench ends called "poppy heads", from poupée. Pulpits and benches became more common in churches with the increased emphasis on preaching. Chantry chapels appeared in major churches, either as screened-off sections or structural editions, paid for by wealthy individuals or guilds.

Examples

 * Palace of Westminster, St Stephen's Chapel (largely destroyed), Westminster Hall
 * Old St Paul's, London, Chapter House (destroyed)
 * Gloucester Cathedral, recasing of transepts, choir and presbytery, cloister, tower, Lady Chapel, west front
 * Hereford Cathedral, Chapter House (destroyed)
 * Windsor Castle, Dean's Cloister, St George's Chapel
 * Westminster Abbey, cloister (heavily restored), nave, Henry VI's Chantry, Henry VII's Chapel
 * Winchester Cathedral, west front, recasing of nave, choir
 * Canterbury Cathedral, nave, cloister, remodelling of Chapter House, south-west tower, Bell Harry Tower, Christ Church Gate
 * New College, Oxford
 * Winchester College
 * King's College, Cambridge, Chapel
 * Eton College
 * Maidstone College
 * Norwich Cathedral, cloister, choir clerestory, vaults, spire
 * York Minster, retrochoir, choir, towers
 * Durham Cathedral, central tower
 * Tattershall, Castle tower and collegiate church
 * Coventry Cathedral (formerly St Michael's Church, now in ruins)
 * Magdalen College, Oxford
 * Christ Church, Oxford, vault of cathedral, Tom Quad (never fully completed)
 * St Mary's Church, Warwick, choir and Beaufort Chapel
 * Peterborough Cathedral, New Building (retrochoir)
 * Great Malvern Priory, everything except the nave arcades
 * Melrose Abbey, presbytery
 * Lavenham Church
 * Long Melford Church
 * Bath Abbey
 * Manchester Cathedral
 * South Wingfield Manor
 * Hampton Court Palace (with some early Renaissance influence)

title: Perpendicular Gothic


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Choizer

The result was delete. Eddie891 Talk Work 12:23, 11 September 2020 (UTC)

Choizer

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

A phrase without any sources, and rather obscure. Perhaps with the term Meiniach can be incorporated into another article about Chabad, but both articles are too niche and lack sources to be notable enough for their own page Playlet (talk) 02:46, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Judaism-related deletion discussions. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 05:06, 23 August 2020 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Delete per WP:GNG and nom. Yoninah (talk) 11:09, 23 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Keep:@Playlet and @Yoninah:The article is very poorly written but the subject is a notable one and not limited to chabad. The "Choizer" has it's roots going back to Europe in the days before "tape recorders". The Choizer would repeat the Rabbi's lecture giving students who missed part of the Rabbi's lecture a 2nd chance. Currently, the "Choizer" is common in many Hassidic courts where the Rebbe delivers his sermon at a Tisch on Shabbat when it is forbidden according to halakah to record it. - So although the article needs a lot of work it is worth keeping--Steamboat2020 (talk) 23:23, 23 August 2020 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, T. Canens (talk) 01:12, 24 August 2020 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Aaqib Anjum Aafī (talk) 14:18, 31 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete as an unsourced dictionary definition. I could not find additional reliable sources to establish GNG. AleatoryPonderings (talk) 02:24, 7 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete: Doesn't meet notability for a stand alone article. There should be an article for Hanochos and this function and history could be incorporated into it along with Meiniach.  // Timothy ::  talk  14:58, 9 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Delete WP:NOTDICT not a notable term. Wm335td (talk) 20:07, 10 September 2020 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Choizer


text:
Counterpoint/Consonant Intervals

Consonant intervals in counterpoint are:
 * Perfect unison (Prime)
 * Third
 * Perfect Fifth
 * Sixth
 * Octave

The inversion of the perfect 5th is not consonant.

title: Counterpoint/Consonant Intervals


text:
Talk:List of extinct languages

Manx and cornish aren't extinct languages: They are studied in some schools and are in process of recuperation. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 09:26, 18 September 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of extinct languages


text:
Talk:Don Mossi

Don Mossi and "Ugliness"
A while back, I deleted the passage regarding Mossi's physical appearance. I would like to open a discussion on this. Today, in talking with a friend of mine, perfectly out of the blue and without any knowledge that I'd ever touched the Wikipedia article about him, he said something about a guy being "uglier than Don Mossi". Now, of course anecdote isn't enough to support a Wikipedia entry, however it did make me realize that the whole "ugliness" was maybe worth another look. Apparently, his ugliness *is* pretty definitive of who is was... It is cited and discussed in a number of reliable sources. Does anyone have any opinion on this? Does anyone thing the whole "ugly" thing should be a part of the article or not? --LoverOfArt (talk) 22:25, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Have you ever seen a picture of the guy? Holy Jesus that man is ugly! —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:36, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Yeah, the guy was uglier than an ass- no doubt about that... The question is- is adding it to his Wikipedia entry OK? This seems to be a very interesting "gray area" sort of matter where in most all other traditional ways, something like this would be inappropriate for Wikipedia but in this one, totally specific and narrow instance, it might fit the criteria as being OK. Any opinions? --LoverOfArt (talk) 22:49, 9 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Bill James devoted some substantial discussion to it in a couple places. Realistically, this qualifies Mossi as "notably ugly".  James at the very least says "Don Mossi was the complete five-tool ugly player. He could run ugly, hit ugly, throw ugly, field ugly and ugly for power. He was ugly to all fields. He could ugly behind the runner as well as anybody, and you talk about pressure ... man, you never saw a player who was uglier in the clutch. " about Mossi in the section "The Man Who Invented Winning Ugly" in his 2001 Baseball Abstract .. Wily D  13:50, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

"Never recognized for defense"
Wouldn't it be more accurate to say he was "rarely" recognized for his defense? Saying he is never recognized for his defense and then citing a publicly available statistic that shows otherwise seems circular.

title: Talk:Don Mossi


text:
Talk:Dennis Patterson

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title: Talk:Dennis Patterson


text:
strofe

Etymology
From

Noun

 * 1) stanza

Etymology
See the noun

Verb

 * 1) to punish

Noun

 * 1) strophe

Noun

 * 1)  a stanza

Noun

 * 1)  a stanza

title: strofe


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/Local/androidnature.com

Links

 * androidnature.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Selected additions

 * Displayed 5 additions out of 5 total.	 For more info see WikiProject_Spam/LinkReports/androidnature.com

Entry
Log entry for the MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist:

\bandroidnature\.com\b      # ADMINNAME # see  [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam/Local/androidnature.com ]]

Discussion
See COIBot report for more details.

New data reported. --COIBot (talk) 15:24, 19 August 2020 (UTC) No links left in here mentioned edits. Marked stale. . --COIBot (talk) 20:21, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

New data reported. --COIBot (talk) 06:45, 22 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Paul Jones (footballer, born 1976)

Paul Philip Jones (born 2 October 1976) is an English former professional footballer who played as a left-back. He made appearances in the English Football League with Wrexham, and in the Welsh League with Bangor City.

title: Paul Jones (footballer, born 1976)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/QubeOS

The result was   delete. ItsZippy (talk • contributions) 10:14, 7 August 2012 (UTC)

QubeOS

 * – ( View AfD View log  •  Stats )

Only one source, which does not establish notability. No further sources found. Also, the external links seem to point to a spam site and a completely unrelated project. Keφr (talk) 08:39, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Software-related deletion discussions.  • Gene93k (talk) 14:55, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Weak keep: there are several sources in Italian: QubeOS, sistema operativo online che parla Italiano, Un'applicazione nel Mac App Store conferma l'esistenza di Google Drive. I don't know Italian, thus I can't assert the notability based on these sources, but this seems to be above the normal amount of mention such projects receive. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 17:48, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Based on the Google translations, these appear to be passing mentions at best. --Kvng (talk)

 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Computing-related deletion discussions. Northamerica1000(talk) 14:04, 16 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.

 * Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, BusterD (talk) 14:22, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Keep apparently it's an Italian thing. Found one reliable independent ref and few others less reliable, , . --Kvng (talk) 13:44, 20 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I am afraid the sources you listed might not be reliable at all, and I am not even sure whether they discuss anything related to the original subject of the article. Jumping from a DOS-based GUI to a so-called "cloud computing" environment is a pretty huge leap. The only source which establishes the link between those two is the OSnews article, and I really doubt the reliability of that site. Isn't OSnews a site where anyone can submit content, which later just gets "approved" by some kind of editing staff? Also, notice that some of the websites you listed link to a website with the domain name "qube-os.com" and not "qubeos.com". Only the former seems to be registered by Italians. So I think that any content we might write based on all these sources would be misinformation. Keφr (talk) 11:19, 23 July 2012 (UTC)
 * OSNews is generally considered reliable source in prior AfDs. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 13:30, 23 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. It looks like qubeos.com didn't always look like the output of SCIgen. Still, that Italian thing seems to be a completely different project. There is also this: . But I believe it is mostly shallow coverage, not allowing to write anything about any technical details of this desktop environment. And the project is dead now, so it is very unlikely that such sources will appear in the future. It had its two minutes of fame, and nothing beyond that. Keφr (talk) 15:20, 23 July 2012 (UTC)
 * In fact my "weak keep" was supposed to mean "keep if there is enough information for an article". For now I don't see anything that could be used to produce encyclopedic content. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 18:19, 23 July 2012 (UTC)
 * In fairness, Dmitrij, it should be noted that you write for OSNews, so you are not necessarily unbiased! Looking at the OSNews article, most of the references are either from OSNews itself, or minor coverage - so I might look at that article and sourcing in a bit more detail, to see how notable it is, or how reliable it is (I can't see any discussion about this at the notability notice board)!  Phantom Steve / talk | contribs \ 09:29, 4 August 2012 (UTC)

 * Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.

 * Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, — Crisco 1492 (talk) 06:42, 27 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Weak Keep - Just barely, but meeting WP:GNG per:
 * — Northamerica1000(talk) 00:02, 28 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Um, yes, we already found these. I claim that this is not enough material to write anything encyclopædic, and User:Czarkoff seems to agree. I state that this means the article should be deleted. We are talking about three sentences anyway; if sensible sources were to be found, it would not be any harder to recreate the article. Still, I welcome further input. The worst outcome would be "no consensus". Keφr (talk) 10:18, 28 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Um, I'm entitled to my own !vote, which is based upon notability guidelines. Northamerica1000(talk) 22:52, 29 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I would just like to note, that per WP:GNG "[m]ultiple publications from the same author or organization are usually regarded as a single source for the purposes of establishing notability", and in this case both items are by the same person and are published by the same organization, with the only difference that one of them, being an interview, is not genuinely independent. — — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 17:48, 6 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Um, I'm entitled to my own !vote, which is based upon notability guidelines. Northamerica1000(talk) 22:52, 29 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I would just like to note, that per WP:GNG "[m]ultiple publications from the same author or organization are usually regarded as a single source for the purposes of establishing notability", and in this case both items are by the same person and are published by the same organization, with the only difference that one of them, being an interview, is not genuinely independent. — — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 17:48, 6 August 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete. We have two topics for the possible articles under "QubeOS" name:
 * DOS shell has some primary sources, two short OSNews articles on it and (arguably) some historical significance. In my opinion the DOS shell is worth mention, though we evidently hit the verifiability bottleneck here: nearly no content can be written without original research, and there is no hope to see some new references.
 * In-browser OS has only a bunch of blog posts on it (those links I posted and "few others less reliable" by Kvng). Overall it doesn't seem to be worth mention due to the lack of long-term notability: the sources are substandard, and all belong to category "look at this strange beast, did you know it ever existed?", which I would take for implication of lack of notability.
 * Anyway, I strongly oppose a single article on both of these quite distinct topics. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 23:46, 29 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Note for closing admin: in case if closure is not followed by deletion, please specify the topic of the article that was kept. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 21:36, 3 August 2012 (UTC)

 * Delete The coverage in the sources does not seem to me to be sufficient to demonstrate the notability of this product. The first source is mainly an interview (and so does not meet the 'independence' criteria), the second is minor coverage (and in software terms, pretty much a standard announcement!). I see nothing to show that this product meets the notability criteria  Phantom Steve / talk | contribs \ 09:14, 4 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Comment I found this Taiwan ref from 2001 too, if that's any help. -- Trevj (talk) 19:49, 4 August 2012 (UTC)
 * This seems to be a rough and inaccurate summary of interview by OSNews. At least I never saw another mention of QubeOS (desktop shell) running on Linux. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 22:12, 4 August 2012 (UTC)
 * In that case... Merge to FreeDOS, per WP:NSOFT, WP:GNG and the few sources that have been identified. -- Trevj (talk) 05:55, 5 August 2012 (UTC)
 * To merge it to FreeDOS, there should be some bi-directional connection between these two. While QubeOS's home page explicitly states "for FreeDOS", it seems to miss from FreeDOS repository. In fact this connection existed via Doscore distribution of FreeDOS, but this distribution itself appears to not be mentioned in reliable sources at all. In effect, this now discontinued project struggled with lack of mention throughout its life. I started History of graphical user interfaces for DOS userspace draft. Probably I could cope with other individually non-notable DOS GUIs. — Dmitrij D. Czarkoff (talk) 11:03, 5 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. It is also a stub that links to another recently deleted Article. The Mysterious El Willstro (talk) 05:06, 5 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete on notability grounds. A check of the linked SourceForge page indicates that the project is inactive; download stats from SourceForge indicate that it has been downloaded a relatively low 350 times in 2012.Vulcan's Forge (talk) 14:54, 5 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Delete but retain list-item at Qube (disambiguation). -- →gab  24 dot  grab← 15:05, 6 August 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure of the purpose of that? Disambiguation pages are by their very nature a list of links to other articles - if there is no article, there should be no link on a disambiguation page.  Phantom Steve / talk | contribs \ 17:11, 6 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Agreed, per WP:DABENTRY: An entry with no links at all is useless for further navigation. -- Trevj (talk) 08:47, 7 August 2012 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/QubeOS


text:
девѧть

Etymology
From, ultimately from.

Numeral

 * 1)  nine

Etymology
, from, ultimately from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) nine

title: девѧть


text:
Shirzan

Shirzan (, also Romanized as Shīrzan; also known as Shīreh Zān and Sinkeh Zan) is a village in Dowlatkhaneh Rural District, Bajgiran District, Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 225, in 47 families.

title: Shirzan


text:
Modern Physics/Maxwell's Equations

The next step on the road to relativity was the development of the equations of electromagnetism by James Clerk Maxwell. One direct consequence of these equations was the prediction of electromagnetic waves, which were quickly identified with things such as light.

One of the first difficulties of electromagnetic waves was the apparent lack of medium. Unlike other wave phenomena, like waves on a string or ocean waves, physicists knew little of what was "waving" in the case of an electromagnetic wave. To get around this difficulty, they just assumed that there was a medium filling all of space called the luminiferous aether, in which electromagnetic waves propagate.

A second difficulty was that Maxwell's equations predicted that these electromagnetic waves always traveled at the same speed c, regardless of the speed of the observer. This immediately led to the question "With respect to what?" Of course, the accepted answer at the time was with respect to the rest frame of the luminiferous aether, called the aether frame. This was an attempt to salvage Galilean relativity, which requires the speed of the wave to depend on the observer.

The next advance came from people attempting to study the aether.

title: Modern Physics/Maxwell's Equations


text:
Xenisthmidae

Collared wrigglers are perciform fishes in the family Xenisthmidae. They are native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, where they are mostly reef-dwelling.

Species
The 10 species in 7 genera are:
 * Genus Allomicrodesmus Schultz, 1966
 * Allomicrodesmus dorotheae Schultz, 1966

 * Genus Gymnoxenisthmus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014
 * Gymnoxenisthmus tigrellus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014

 * Genus Kraemericus
 * Kraemericus smithi Menon & Talwar, 1972

 * Genus Paraxenisthmus Gill & Hoese, 1993
 * Paraxenisthmus springeri Gill & Hoese, 1993

 * Genus Rotuma Springer, 1988
 * Rotuma lewisi Springer, 1988

 * Genus Tyson Springer, 1983
 * Tyson belos Springer, 1983

 * Genus Xenisthmus Snyder, 1908
 * Xenisthmus africanus Smith, 1958 (the flathead wriggler or African wriggler)
 * Xenisthmus balius Gill & Randall, 1994
 * Xenisthmus chi Gill & Hoese, 2004
 * Xenisthmus clarus (Jordan & Seale, 1906)
 * Xenisthmus eirospilus Gill & Hoese, 2004
 * Xenisthmus polyzonatus (Klunzinger, 1871) (the bull's-eye wriggler or polyzonate wriggler) is peach-coloured with a bull's-eye-like spot on its tail.
 * Xenisthmus semicinctus Gill & Hoese, 2004

title: Xenisthmidae


text:
Talk:Charles Ramsey (Royal Navy officer)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Charles Ramsey (Royal Navy officer). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120315105247/http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201900-.pdf to http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201900-.pdf

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