text:
José María Cañizares

José María Cañizares (born 18 February 1947) is a Spanish golfer.

Early life
Cañizares was born in Madrid.

Professional career
In 1967, he turned professional. He made the top hundred on the European Tour Order of Merit every year from the first season in 1972 through to 1993. He placed in the top ten five times, with a best ranking of fourth in 1983. He won six events on the tour.

Cañizares was a member of four European Ryder Cup teams and had a record of 5 wins, 4 losses and two ties, including 2.5 points in four singles matches. In 1985 his singles victory over Fuzzy Zoeller rubber-stamped a European win that took the trophy from the Americans for the first time in 28 years. In 1989 his putt to beat Ken Green on the 18th at The Belfry ensured a 14–14 tie and keep the cup in European hands.

Cañizares won the World Cup team event for Spain on two occasions. In 1982, his partner was Manuel Piñero. In 1984, he teamed up with José Rivero, and on that occasion he also took the individual prize.

After becoming eligible for senior tournaments in 1997 Cañizares played mainly on the U.S.-based Champions Tour. He won once as a senior, at the 2001 Toshiba Senior Classic. In 2000 he had ten top ten finishes and set a then tour record for season earnings without a win of US$1,155,939. He also played a few times on the European Seniors Tour.

Personal life
Cañizares' son Alejandro won a European Tour event in 2006 and a second one in 2014.

European Tour wins (6)
European Tour playoff record (3–3)

Other wins (11)

 * 1970 Spanish Professional Closed Championship
 * 1977 Memorial Olivier Barras, Spanish Professional Closed Championship
 * 1978 Spanish Professional Closed Championship
 * 1982 World Cup of Golf (team with Manuel Piñero), Spanish Professional Closed Championship
 * 1984 World Cup of Golf (team with José Rivero), World Cup of Golf Individual Trophy
 * 1988 Volvo Open (Spain)
 * 1990 Benson & Hedges Trophy (with Tania Abitbol)
 * 1991 Spanish Professional Closed Championship

Senior PGA Tour wins (1)
Senior PGA Tour playoff record (1–3)

Results in major championships
Note: Cañizares never played in the Masters Tournament nor the U.S. Open. {{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} CUT = missed the half-way cut (3rd round cut in 1975 and 1981 Open Championships) "T" = tied

Team appearances

 * World Cup (representing Spain): 1974, 1980, 1982 (winners), 1983, 1984 (winners, individual winner), 1985, 1987, 1989
 * Ryder Cup (representing Europe): 1981, 1983, 1985 (winners), 1989 (tied, cup retained)
 * Double Diamond International (representing Continental Europe): 1974
 * Sotogrande Match/Hennessy Cognac Cup (representing the Continent of Europe): 1974, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1982, (representing Spain) 1984
 * Philip Morris International (representing Spain): 1975
 * Dunhill Cup (representing Spain): 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990
 * Praia d'El Rey European Cup: 1997 (winners)
 * UBS Warburg Cup (representing the Rest of the World): 2001

title: José María Cañizares


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downloadable

Adjective

 * 1) Capable of being downloaded.

Translations

 * Catalan: descarregable
 * Dutch:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ჩამოტვირთვადი
 * German: downloadbar
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: scaricabile
 * Norman: dêchèrgeabl'ye
 * Spanish: descargable

Noun

 * 1)  Something that can be downloaded.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: downloadable


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General Mechanics/Motion in Two and Three Dimensions

Motion in 2 and 3 Directions
Previously, we discussed Newtonian dynamics in one dimension. Now that we are familiar with both vectors and partial differentiation, we can extend that discussion to two or three dimensions.

Work becomes a dot product
 * $$W=\mathbf{F}\cdot \Delta x$$

and likewise power
 * $$P=\mathbf{F}\cdot \mathbf{v}$$

If the force is at right angles to the direction of motion, no work will be done.

In one dimension, we said a force was conservative if it was a function of position alone, or equivalently, the negative slope of a potential energy.

The second definition extends to
 * $$\mathbf{F}=-\nabla V$$

In two or more dimensions, these are not equivalent statements. To see this, consider

 * $$D_y\mathbf{F}_x-D_x\mathbf{F}_y=V_{xy}-V_{yx}$$

Since it doesn't matter which order derivatives are taken in, the left hand side of this equation must be zero for any force which can be written as a gradient, but for an arbitrary force, depending only on position, such as F=(y, -x, 0), the left hand side isn't zero.

Conservative forces are useful because the total work done by them depends only on the difference in potential energy at the endpoints, not on the path taken, from which the conservation of energy immediately follows.

If this is the case, the work done by an infinitesimal displacement dx must be

 * $$W=V(\mathbf{x})-V(\mathbf{x}+d\mathbf{x})=-(\nabla V)\cdot d\mathbf{x}$$

Comparing this with the first equation above, we see that if we have a potential energy then we must have

 * $$\mathbf{F}=-\nabla V$$

Any such F is a conservative force.

Circular Motion
An important example of motion in two dimensions is circular motion.

Consider a mass, m, moving in a circle, radius r.

The angular velocity, ω is the rate of change of angle with time. In time Δt the mass moves through an angle Δθ= ωΔt. The distance the mass moves is then r sin Δθ, but this is approximately rΔθ for small angles.

Thus, the distance moved in a small time Δt is rωΔt, and divided by Δt gives us the speed, v.

 * $$v = \omega r \, $$

This is the speed not the velocity because it is not a vector. The velocity is a vector, with magnitude ωr which points tangentially to the circle.

The magnitude of the velocity is constant but its direction changes so the mass is being accelerated.

By a similar argument to that above it can be shown that the magnitude of the acceleration is

 * $$a = \omega v \, $$

and that it is pointed inwards, along the radius vector. This is called centripetal acceleration.

By eliminating v or ω from these two equations we can write

 * $$\mathbf{a}= -\omega^2 \mathbf{r} = -\frac{v^2}{r}\mathbf{ \hat{ r}}

$$


text:
Wikipedia talk:Featured article candidates/Yugoslav destroyer Beograd/archive1

TFA blurb review
Beograd was the lead ship of a class of destroyers built for the Royal Yugoslav Navy during the late 1930s. In World War II, she was damaged by a near miss during an air attack following the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, and then captured by the Italians (pictured, on right). After refitting, she saw extensive service with the Royal Italian Navy from August 1941 to September 1943, completing over 100 convoy escort missions in the Mediterranean under the name Sebenico, mainly on routes between Italy and the Aegean or North Africa. Following the Italian armistice in September 1943, she was captured by the German Navy and redesignated TA43. After serving with the 9th Torpedo Boat Flotilla on escort and minelaying duties in the northern Adriatic, she was sunk or scuttled at Trieste on 30 April or 1 May 1945. She was raised in June 1946, probably to remove her as a navigation hazard, only to be scuttled again in either July 1946 or in 1947.

991 characters, including spaces

Hi and congratulations. A draft blurb for this article is above. Thoughts, comments and edits from you or from anyone else interested are welcome. Gog the Mild (talk) 15:00, 15 August 2020 (UTC)
 * G'day, thanks so much, great blurb draft. I've put it up as a potential for May 1 next year, anniversary of her loss. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 04:55, 16 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Wahlen

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Wahlen is the 33731th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 675 individuals. Wahlen is most common among White (97.19%) individuals.

title: Wahlen


text:
8 (Statik Selektah album)

8 is the eighth studio album by hip hop record producer Statik Selektah. The album was released on December 8, 2017, by Duck Down Music Inc. and Showoff Records. The album features guest appearances from vocal artists, such as 2 Chainz, Action Bronson, Joey Badass, Termanology, Run The Jewels, The L.O.X., Wale, Royce da 5'9", Joyner Lucas, Raekwon, Mtume, Westside Gunn, Conway the Machine, Sean Price and G-Eazy.

Track listing
All tracks produced by Statik Selektah except track 17, co-produced by The Alchemist.

title: 8 (Statik Selektah album)


text:
Talk:Alasdair Kent

Possible "award spam" on opera singer biography pages

 * Thanks for your time and attention to this. Concerning deletion of header "Awards", inclusion of lists of notable awards received seems standard practice for opera singer biographies, see Lisette Oropesa, Lawrence Brownlee, Michael Fabiano, Bryan Hymel, Nicole Car, Venera Gimadieva, Aida Garifullina, Jakub Józef Orliński, Wallis Giunta, Levy Sekgapane, Sydney Mancasola, Hera Hyesang Park, and many others that are not reliably sourced or are less notable. Upon review, some awards previously listed here were not sourced so should be deleted. However, is deletion of the entire section appropriate given standard practices in other opera singer biographies? Any clarification would be appreciated- it will only make me a better contributor. CharlieTunt (talk) 13:19, 6 November 2020 (UTC)

In absence of further information and given inclusion of this information is standard practice, I’ve rewritten the Awards section for inclusion, deleted previously unsourced material, and edited for length. CharlieTunt (talk) 03:26, 26 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alasdair Kent


text:
User:Bduke

My full name is Brian Salter-Duke, although I was earlier called just Brian Duke and it is with that name that I have published in scientific journals. I was born in Sheffield, England. I am a retired academic now living in Melbourne, Australia. Now I am in my 80's, I am no longer active in research in the fields of computational chemistry, theoretical chemistry and quantum chemistry. I have been an Adjunct Associate Professor in the Monash University Pharmacy Faculty (formerly the Victorian College of Pharmacy), but I do not know whether that is still the case. I am an author of the modern valence bond program, VB2000.

I have been an active editor on the English Wikipedia since the end of October, 2005. I was an administrator there from August 2007 to October 2020. I still edit on the English Wikipedia, but am much less active.

I have contributed to Wikiversity in the School of Chemistry in Computational Chemistry.

title: User:Bduke


text:
Azurina

Azurina is a genus of fish in the family Pomacentridae.

Species
The following species are classified within the genus Azurina:

title: Azurina


text:
User:Ssvv7/sandbox/FlightGear redistribution 1st draft

First draft of edit under FlightGear

Criticism from media
Games website RockPaperShotgun has criticised the ethics of third parties attempting to profit from the work of volunteer contributors to FlightGear. That is, making a profit not commensurate with the amount of work done in any shipping, support, or improvements to the sim re-shared under GPL. This is in contrast to official DVD copies containing the sim and scenery sent out to people who cannot download conveniently, in exchange for a small fee per copy sent to cover the cost of supplying and operation of project server infrastructure.

Games journalist Tim Stone, in his simulation column The Flare Path, spoke of his intense dislike of the practise in an article titled "The Flare Path: Don't Buy VirtualPilot3D" , opening with "I’ve been a flight simmer for thirty years, and a flight sim critic for 4369 days, 9 hours, and 37 minutes. In all that time I don’t think I’ve ever loathed a piece of software as passionately as I loathe the game you are currently thinking about buying" and "Purchasing VirtualPilot3D isn’t just stupid, it helps a career cad misrepresent and parasitize other labours of love." He also singled out redistributions by VirtualPilot3D, ProFlightSimulator, Flight Simulator Plus or FlightProSim.

He critisied the ethics reflected by the VirtualPilot3d website breaching ethical standards commonly enshrined in consumer law. Tim Stone pointed to deception by stealing media available online from other sims to misrepresent VirtualPilot3d, as well as alleging VirtualPilot3d of "lying through their teeth" considering the difficulties in getting Virtualpilot3d FAA certified. Tim Stone also referred to anectodes alleging the positive customer testimonials were likely fraudulent as the photos appeared to be stolen from online sources, sometimes used in testimonials for multiple unrelated products, and attributed each time to new names with fabricated biographies.

In 2018 Tim stone followed up a second column focusing on Pro Flight Simulator titled "The Flare Path: Don't buy Pro Flight Simulator", in which he criticised the "ethical standards" and "extraordinary willingness to lie in the pursuit of sales" displayed by the advertisements. He alleged fraud, citing stolen screenshots of other sims like FSX, stolen youtube videos of other sims, claimed photo of the lead programmer matching a stock photo model, an apparent attempt to create an impression that Pro Flight Simulator deserved large profits by claiming there was a 200 person development, apparent use of false limited time bonuses that leverage's loss aversion, seemingly fabricated user testimonials etc.


text:
Organic Chemistry/Introduction to reactions/THF

THF stands for Tetrahydrofuran, and is a common ether-type solvent.

Structure
It is a 5 membered ring containing 4 carbons and one oxygen. It is very inert and thus makes a good solvent for many reactions.

Reactions

 * Oxymercuration/demercuration


text:
Buddhism/Pali Language

Pali is a Middle-Indo Aryan language which serves as the language in which the canonical texts of Theravada Buddhism are maintained. It is also the language used for chanting in the Theravada tradition.

A knowledge of source languages is vitally necessary to any serious student of religion. Without a working knowledge of these languages, the student will remain reading about a religion, even if (s)he is reading a translation of a primary source, rather than reading the bases of the religion directly without an intermediary to fill the head with doctrines and expectations about a religion's nature. The primary language of Buddhism is Sanskrit, but Pali is also used by all Theravadin Buddhists, and the Pali Canon is the core textual body of all Buddhist schools. Therefore, an understanding of Pali is very important to a person seeking a graduate-level understanding of the religion.

Requirements
The student is expected to understand the following:
 * The origins of the language
 * The origins of the Pali Canon
 * Ability to recite from memory the Pali alphabet
 * A full knowledge of pronunciation
 * The relationship between Pali and other Prakrits, particularly the mutual influence between it and Sanskrit
 * A working vocabulary
 * Culminating in an ability to read and comprehend Buddhist scriptures in the original Pali without a translation as aid

title: Buddhism/Pali Language


text:
Compucom Institute of Information Technology and Management

Compucom Institute of Technology and Management (CITM) is an engineering and management college in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

CITM is approved by AICTE and affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University,  Kota and Rajasthan University, Jaipur.

CITM offers B.Tech. (civil, electrical, computer, and electronics and communication engineering), BCA, MCA, MJMC and MBA courses.


text:
unexpired

Adjective

 * 1) Not having expired.
 * 2) Of food: not having reached its expiry date.
 * 3) Of an agreement, coupon, or law, still in force.
 * 1) Of food: not having reached its expiry date.
 * 2) Of an agreement, coupon, or law, still in force.

Translations

 * Greek:

title: unexpired


text:
Talk:Astroblast!

Fremantle Media Animation
Noticed a referenced to this alleged branch was removed. If Soup2Nuts stopped production on this show in March 2015 this would mean no new episodes were produced since then unless someone else took over. Although there can be a time lapse between production and actual air debuts by the distributor. Curious where this idea started and if there is any validity to it.

Air dates and numbers could ideally get referenced in the future. I have no idea where the numbering originates, nor the individual story air dates. I only get it as a 2-story 30 minute program here so I am adding data about which stories are aired together and when I recorded them and also what the guide says is their original air date. That may refer to an original Canadian air dates though. There could be a difference between NBC dates in the US and the air schedule on channel 220 NBC Local Affiliate as Bell calls it. Even so this is worth retaining as information for information for international air dates which can fill out a second AltDate column. --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:34, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Astroblast!. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160113015120/http://www.nbc.com/nbc-kids to http://www.nbc.com/nbc-kids

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:31, 20 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Astroblast!. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160201204031/http://www.soup2nuts.tv/astroblast.html to http://www.soup2nuts.tv/astroblast.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:17, 11 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Astroblast!


text:
Talk:Reform of the House of Lords

Old comments
This is not a private article. It is open to anyone willing to fill out the facts to come and help. Remember however it is a difficult subject and we've had problems because it started one sided. I'm hoping to take the development out of the gaze of the deletionists by setting up a new account: LordsReform, where we can put articles until they are developed. (But I make no promises because I've been surprised before!)

There is more stuff under development to see it look at: User:LordsReform Or go to the docs: Mike 12:08, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

General Discussion
I have produced a new introduction and a section on pre-1997 reforms. The modern material still needs some work, to give more information about the House of Lords Act 1999 and the subsequent proposals for further reforms. --Gary J 19:15, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

A vast improvement! Thanks. I've taken the liberty of formatting it a bit to make it a bit more readable - I hope you don't mind.

I've also started to add some sub pages so that more can be written on each of the options.

 * I am impressed with how much this article has been improved since I worked on it. That is the benefit of Wikipedia at its best. The product of several people is better than any of them would be likely to do alone. --Gary J 18:08, 30 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I have reordered the sections. I've moved up the history & sequence of events because this makes the article start in a neutral uncontentious way. I've related "issues" as "debate" which again should make it more neutral Mike 22:22, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Why were people so keen on deleting this article instead of improving it? I just don't understand why they thought this issue didn't warrant an article. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:03, 30 December 2006 (UTC).

Sub pages
I've added Various links and in some cases the actual pages. I would appreciaate some feedback on this idea.Mowgli++ 17:13, 1 October 2006 (UTC) I've taken the hint (and read policy on sub pages which someone could have told me about!) and have created one page on proposals combing all the proposals on one page.

Lords Reform - History
Great section!Mowgli++ 17:13, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

This is a section I was originally responsible for drafting. I am in the proceess of adapting it, so it can stand alone as an article. --Gary J 22:11, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

Lords Reform - Public Debate
Since sub pages need to be stand alone, I've give it some thought and I think covering the debate on Lords reform really needs an article on its own. The scope would be the public debate sourced from Parliamentary speaches, the consultation responses, newspaper articles and letters and any web sites from established organisations or those groups involved in the consultations.

I took this out of the main article as there are quite a few different ideas on the roles of the lords/commons (the consequence of an unwritten constitution?). It is now being used to capture the various interpretations of the relationship between the House of Lords and Commons. My intention is that it will eventually form a section in the article on covering the public debate.
 * Lords Reform - Roles moved to User:LordsRefrom/Roles  now User:LordsReform/New

whilst work is in progress. My intention at the moment is to make it into an "aims" section on the public debate. I'm not sure about the name! There are very different ideas expressed in the many proposal about this issue. In particular there have been quite a few proposals for allotment/sortition. I don't think the background information would be suitable to the main article, but it really needs to go somewhere for those who haven't come across sortition or the many alternavtive views of democracy + the problem of applying it to an upper chamber.Mike 17:13, 1 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Lords Reform - Aims moved to  User:LordsReform/Aims  now User:LordsReform/New

 * Lords Reform - Proposals moved to User:LordsReform/Consultation & Public Debate  now User:LordsReform/New

so that it can be worked on in peace and quiet.Mike 14:24, 4 October 2006 (UTC) Created to amalgamate the detail information on the range of proposals that have been offered by government, Mps, Lords, public and detailed in consultation papers, Hansard, newspaper, websites. Mike 10:59, 2 October 2006 (UTC) When I've got to a stage where it is relatively stable and balanced, I'll put it back on WikiMike 14:24, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

2.9 Secondary Mandate

 * The discussion in this point is not clear what it means: "Critics however see . . . ."  It says a single vote may be a choice between voting for the candidate and the upper house.  But in the paragraph above that, the writer had stated that voters always only get one vote.  And, what is "a vote for the upper house?"   —Preceding unsigned comment added by Tommcnabb (talk • contribs) 00:30, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

Introduction

 * I have a strong feeling that our American colleagues really don't appreciate the way Lords reform has become a subject in its own right deserving a place in Wikipedia. I have tried to strength the introduction to make it sound more encycolpedic whilst at the same time clearly defining the scope of this article.Mike 08:34, 2 October 2006 (UTC)
 * It is good practice to have an introduction summarising what an article is about. However the use of the heading 'Introduction' is not advisable. If you have no heading the introductory material will go before the contents box. If you look at other articles you will see that is how introductions are normally handled. I believe there is a Wikipedia policy favouring such an approach. --Gary J 22:18, 1 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Good point LordsReform 12:08, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

What is missing is background information on what the House of Lords actually is, and why there is need for reform. Nothing horribly detailed, but some general background information would be helpful. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:48, 28 September 2012 (UTC)

History
This is hard work! I've tried to paraphrase the commission's proposals. I don't know if I've done it very well. Someone could have a look. Look at user:LordsReforms/sources if you want to help or see what has been done. Mike 14:06, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

Debate
I moved the issues down the article, so that it would open so confrontationally? There seems to be developing a few sections all which are part of "the debate", so I created the new section. Mike 14:06, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

Proposals

 * It would be useful to have some other input to this section. I've laid it out with my own ideas, not because that is what should be there but because I haven't anything else to put there! Mike 14:01, 2 October 2006 (UTC)
 * There is no section titled "Proposals" in the article.T.Mc 00:21, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

Judicial role
This does still exist, but has already been reformed. A very little noticed statute called the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 transfers the judicial powers of the House of Lords to a new Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. That reform will be brought into force when the Supreme Court has a suitably grand court building available (which is expected to be in 2009) and the era of the Law Lords will then end. --Gary J 02:18, 2 October 2006 (UTC)
 * That's the great thing about having a Wikipedia article, I'd know things like that and know where to look!Mike 11:00, 2 October 2006 (UTC)

2007 bill
I can't fault the section on the bill. I added back some detail on the U turn with a quote to indicate why it didn't go through. Mike 15:52, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

Hi Mike

Thanks for adding back in your contribution about the opinion poll - I removed it rather hastily from a section that was mostly rendered redundant by the edit I had been composing for the previous half hour, during which time you happened to add this information.

With apologies, I've reverted your addition on the voting system controversy, on the grounds that (i) I do refer to this in the second paragraph of my contribution, and (ii) it is not really correct to call the Alternative Vote a "PR-style voting system", despite the sloppy misreporting of this on the BBC and elsewhere. It does not really make sense to designate a system for choosing a single option out of a set of candidate options as "proportional". AV when used for parliamentary elections, for example in Australia, is not a PR system.

Thanks for an excellent history of recent attempts at reform of the House of Lords.

Regards, C 16:05, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

Claribel07 - thanks. And yes PR was the wrong word to use! I've made a few changes to your paragraph. Unfortunately, I often add in a few spelling mistakes - so sorry if I have! If you are not aware of it then you might like to know you can click on the "history" tab at the top and compare two versions. If you really don't like what someone has added, then you can click on a previous version's date, and it will bring up the previous versions. Then click "edit", and "save" and it will revert to that version! Mike 18:50, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

Composition and Cabinet
I wish to explain changing the words "Government favours" to "white paper recommends" in reference to the proposed composition of the Second Chamber. When Jack Straw presented the white paper on 7th February 2007, he referred to the 50%/50% option as being his own suggestion, and that it was not endorsed by the Cabinet. A video clip of his speech is available on the BBC website, if you search for "lords reform". Robnpov 19:39, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

Thanks for your clarification, Rob. You're quite right: the model suggested by the white paper was not the Government's collective recommendation. I've added "for example" back in, just to make it clear that the envisaged 20% non-party-political element would apply under any of the six options that include appointed members: the two described in the following clauses are only examples. Regards, C 11:15, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

2007 results (voting on 100%)
The following may be a valid point, but as written it appears to be very "Political" and because I can't understand the point I was unable to rewrite.

However, examination of the names of MPs voting at each division in the Commons shows that, of the 305 who voted for the 80% elected option, 211 went on to vote for the 100% elected option. Given that this vote took place after the vote on 80% whose result was already known when the vote on 100% took place this shows a clear preference for a fully elected Upper House among those who voted for the only other option that passed.

Bugsy 13:39, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

Hi Bugsy

My reason for adding this information was as a counterweight to the preceding sentence – which calls into question the significance of the larger majority achieved for 100% elected than that achieved for 80% elected, by suggesting that this was in some measure due to tactical voting. My point is that the 211 who voted for 80% and then for 100% effectively voted for 100% as their first preference and 80% as their second preference. This can be deduced from the fact that the vote on the 100% motion was held after that on the 80% motion had already been won: any MP who favoured this outcome over the 100% elected outcome would have voted against the latter motion, having already secured their preferred outcome (76 other MPs did exactly that). Had all the votes been held in the contrary order, those 211 would have voted against the 80% option – and there would likely have been even greater majorities against the other hybrid options.

I'll have a think about how to express this better and then re-edit the section. I may relegate the whole discussion to a footnote – together with the point in the previous sentence about tactical voting.

C 14:05, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

This is all very confusing!The 80% motion was passed. Then came a vote on the 100% option. 211 MPs who voted for the 80% motion voted for the 100% motion - which was passed by a larger majority. Had those 211 MPs really wanted the 80% option they would have voted against the 100% option to defeat it and so ensuring the 80% option alone was carried. (Coachtripfan (talk) 15:22, 3 August 2013 (UTC))

Current event?
Encyclopedia sites I've read claim that the House of Lords alone can only delay a bill for about a year when it has already been decided by the House of Commons. Does this mean that the House of Lords WILL change to a election system within a year of March 7, or is there some other factor involved? I'd suppose this isn't the case, since nothing I've heard about this vote (including the article here) makes the change sound particularly imminent. -BaronGrackle 21:04, 10 July 2007 (UTC) The votes were on the way to proceed toward a bill, not a vote passing a bill. Bugsy 13:04, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:House of Lords.jpg
The image Image:House of Lords.jpg is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --16:12, 14 September 2008 (UTC)
 * As an interim measure I have replaced the image with the public domain Image:House of Lords Microcosm edited.jpg. The only problem with that image though is that it depicts the House of Lords as it was before the fire of 1834. A free use image of the present chamber would be preferred if there is one available. Road Wizard (talk) 16:31, 14 September 2008 (UTC)

Argumentative clause on elections
Although politicians such as Tony Benn maintain that elections are necessary to be democratic: "Democracy means an elected second chamber",[42] few seriously maintain that in a democracy all institutions including judges and juries should be elected

This last clause sounds like something that would be said in a debate on the topic, not in an encyclopedia: it would appear to be trying to establish a case by correlation. I mean, this is not an article about judges and juries: it's about a legislative assembly.Ordinary Person (talk) 00:42, 8 May 2010 (UTC)

David Steel Misquoted
In the 'Appointment' subsection, under the 'The range of options' section, the first David Steel quote is taken and used completely out of context, to defend an argument David Steel has never supported. The subsection selectively quotes a single paragraph from a larger article Steel wrote for the Guardian, in 2007 (not 1997), to defend a ridiculous argument, one that Steel certainly would never want to defend, that there was ever any popular support for the unelected House of Lords, amongst the general public, in 1997, prior to the 1999 reforms.

The quote being used, out of context- "The great strength of the Lords is that it contains not just a bunch of experienced retired MPs but a whole raft of individuals with specialist knowledge and experience from the worlds of commerce, medicine, the services, the civil service, academia, the unions - the list is endless - none of whom would be likely to be available to stand for election. (Lord Steel, former Alliance leader)"

Actually, David Steel is aggressively defending the House of Lords in 2007, created by the 1999 reforms. Reforms introduced by Tony Blair to replace the corrupt and unpopular 1997 (pre-1999) version of the House of Lords. His article was never meant to be read as a defense of the previous status quo, the House of Lords back in 1997.

I quote from the very same Guardian article - "During my 12 years as leader of the Liberal party I regarded myself as hereditary keeper of the Asquith pledge to replace the House of Lords with a chamber constituted on a "popular basis". Now that we face a new attempt to reform the upper house, it is time to stop and ponder whether we are proceeding in the right direction.

The conditions in which Prime Minister Asquith made his commitment have changed in three important respects: the hereditary principle has all but gone; the primacy of the House of Commons is universally accepted; and it has now been agreed by all parties that none should have a majority in the Lords."

Where he says, "The hereditary principle has all but gone…" he is obviously talking about the House of Lords post the 1999 reforms, after it was "...changed...". He is not talking about the 1997 situation or defending it.

"none should have a majority…" That was not the 1997 status quo situation at all! Before 1999, the Conservatives had a permanent majority in the House of Lords, going back more than three centuries. No, "none should have a majority..." was an argument used by reformers of the House of Lords, back in 1999!

David Steel is arguing that after the 1999 reforms a "popular basis" (popular support) had been, to an extent, achieved for the House of Lords.

In 1997 the House of Lords was structured in the same way as when he was Leader of the Liberal party, 1976-88. He would not have wanted so ardently to reform the House of Lords during his "..12 years as leader of the Liberal party.." if he believed it had popular support already in 1997, before the reforms of 1999, now would he? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:34, 26 May 2010 (UTC)
 * If a quote has been incorrectly dated then it should be fixed. If he has been misquoted then the quote should be corrected to state exactly what was said. However, you appear to have stepped beyond correcting mistakes there and are actually adding your own interpretation to somebody else's statements; that is something we do not allow as it breaches the no original research policy. Road Wizard (talk) 00:04, 22 June 2010 (UTC)

Some old blog
The Morning Constitutional. This might be some old blog, but I find the content well-explained when it comes to the reform proposals of the House of Lords. Komitsuki (talk) 18:23, 30 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Reform of the House of Lords. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20110708070744/http://todayintheuk.blogspot.com/ to http://todayintheuk.blogspot.com/

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 18:00, 29 February 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Reform of the House of Lords. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:59, 16 January 2018 (UTC)

2022 Brown proposals
Needs a new section on the 2022 Brown proposals. S C Cheese (talk) 09:45, 1 January 2023 (UTC)

https://labour.org.uk/page/a-new-britain/

title: Talk:Reform of the House of Lords


text:
User:DjseekerUg/sandbox

DJ SEEKER UG Whose real name is OKOT DEOGRATIOUS OYWAK is born on the 21/03/1992, Born to Mr. Oywak Patrick and Miss Acan Alice. From Gulu District (Gulu City), went to Holy rosary Kindergarten, And later joined Holy Rosary Primary school, he then after went to Sir Samuel Baker school for his 'O' level, and 2011 he joined St. Marks college Namagoma in Wakiso district in Central Uganda.

title: User:DjseekerUg/sandbox


text:
Richard Rudolf Walzer

Richard Rudolf Walzer, FBA (14 July 1900 in Berlin – 16 April 1975 in Oxford) was a German-born British scholar of Greek philosophy and of Arabic philosophy.

Education: Werner-Siemens-Realgymnasium, Berlin-Schöneberg; Frederick William University of Berlin.

Career

 * Assistant (1927), Privatdocent in Classics (1932), Frederick William University of Berlin, 1927–1933
 * Lecturer in Greek Philosophy, University of Rome, 1933–1938
 * Lecturer in Mediaeval Philosophy (Arabic and Hebrew) (1942), Senior Lecturer in Arabic and Greek Philosophy (1950), Oriel College, Oxford, 1942–1962
 * Honorary Professor, University of Hamburg, 1952
 * Member, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, 1953–1954
 * Fellow, Reader in Arabic and Greek Philosophy St Catherine's College, Oxford, 1962–1970
 * He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1956.

title: Richard Rudolf Walzer


text:
One Stop Wide Awake surgery

One Stop Wide Awake (OSWA) is a surgical model which was initially developed for hand surgery in the United Kingdom. It is recognized as effective by the Royal Society of Medicine.

The model centres on complete surgical care within one management stop, and with reduced risks due to the avoidance of general anesthesia, regional anaesthesia, sedation, and tourniquets. This approach to surgery is particularly cost-effective and efficient. It enables complex procedures such as for Dupuytren's contracture to be performed as outpatient procedures under local anaesthesia.

With the changes in UK healthcare commissioning and the evolution from primary care trusts to clinical commissioning groups from 2013, this model of surgery is likely to be increasingly important, and may secure the funding of some NHS surgical services.

title: One Stop Wide Awake surgery


text:
Talk:Northbrook High School

Bot report : Found duplicate references !
In the last revision I edited, I found duplicate named references, i.e. references sharing the same name, but not having the same content. Please check them, as I am not able to fix them automatically :) DumZiBoT (talk) 05:24, 12 August 2008 (UTC)
 * "multiple" :
 * Spring Branch ISD feeder schools:
 * Spring Branch Independent School District - Houston

title: Talk:Northbrook High School


text:
Varanasi Mahamana Express

The 22417 / 22418 Varanasi Mahamana Express is a tri-weekly Mahamana Express class train operated by Indian Railways, which runs between the cities of New Delhi & Varanasi via Ghaziabad,Moradabad,Bareilly, Lucknow, Sultanpur & Jaunpur city.

History
This was the first Mahamana Express train of Indian Railways. The train was flagged off by Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India on January 22, 2016 from Varanasi Junction through video conferencing. It is currently owned & operated by Northern Railway Zone of Indian Railways organization.

Coach composition
LOCO SLR GS H1 A1 PC  S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 GS  SLR reverse in UP direction/

title: Varanasi Mahamana Express


text:
User:Whiteknight

I am Whiteknight. I predominantly author textbooks at wikibooks, on a variety of technical subjects such as electrical and computer engineering, computer science, science, and mathematics. My participation here is currently minimal, but that may change over time. My userpage here is unlikely to ever be as organized as my wikibooks user page is.

About Me
I have some teaching credentials, i've been a TA at Temple University for a few semesters and have taught a number of engineering-related classes. The complete list of courses I have taught can be found at Wikibooks:User:Andrew Whitworth.

For what it's worth, I'm probably going to call you people "Wikiversitans" or something similar, because i'm too lazy to repeatedly write "Wikiversity participants", or "Those guys who edit Wikiversity all the time".

I operate a blog that's reserved for news about Wikibooks, but I also am willing to write lots of stuff about Wikiversity too. If anybody has news or a story or anything that they want to get posted, let me know and I will put it up. BLOG.

Contacting me:

 * Me at Wikibooks
 * My main talk page
 * Registered users may also have the option of emailing me.

Pages
Here is a listing of pages in my user namespace. Some of these may never be used again and I may end up tagging them for deletion.

title: User:Whiteknight


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/endomishra.co.uk

Links

 * endomishra.co.uk resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 7 additions.


text:
Lyon Commune

The Lyon Commune was a short-lived revolutionary movement in Lyon, France, in 1870 and 1871 - republicans and activists from several components of the far-left of the time seized power in Lyon and established an autonomous government. The commune organized elections, but dissolved after the restoration of a republican "normality", which frustrated the most radical elements, who hoped for a different revolution. Radicals twice tried to regain power, without success.

The Lyon events happened as part of a revolutionary wave in the aftermath of the collapse of the Second French Empire and culminating in the 1871 Paris Commune.

Beginnings of the revolutionary movement and preparation for the seizure of power
From the first months of 1870, the Lyon members of the International Workingmen's Association (IWA) worked to prepare the workers of Lyon for a possible revolution. In liaison with Mikhail Bakunin, they organized a big meeting bringing together several thousand participants on March 13, which gave great weight to the local section, then re-elected with Albert Richard at its head. On July 20, 1870, on the second day of the Franco-Prussian War, the IWA organized a peaceful demonstration in place des Terreaux to rue Sala.

During the conflict, throughout the city the republican and more radical elements (anarchists, revolutionary socialists) prepared for the fall of the Second French Empire. The different sensibilities tried to come together to organize the aftermath of Napoleon III but they did not manage to get along. However, all these circles agreed on the idea of municipal autonomy, to break with the centralizing practices of the Empire.

The news of the defeat at Sedan and the capture of the emperor, brought by travelers coming from Geneva, spread slowly. Among the activists who learned about it and who were preparing for the seizure of power, a group of radical tendencies which called itself the "committee of the nine" quickly made a list of approximately seventy names intended to form the first organ of power which would take the place of official authorities the next day. This group was made up of members of the left wing of the radical party, Blanquists for the most part. The majority of people on this list would effectively form the Committee of Public Safety.

The seizure of power and the proclamation of the Republic
From eight o'clock in the morning, the crowd gathered without a real slogan on the forecourt of the town hall. Without encountering resistance, it seized power under the leadership of a few leaders who had quickly arrived: Jacques-Louis Hénon, Désiré Barodet, Doctor Durand. Without delay, they proclaimed the French Third Republic on the balcony, in a radical but not revolutionary spirit, and put up a poster in town decreeing the downfall of the Empire. Members of the International Workingmen's Association (IWA) participated in the uprising, and the red flag was raised in place of the tricolor, without it being clearly defined whether this symbol announced a future revolution or simply proclaimed the downfall of the previous regime. Among the members announcing the Republic, there was Charles Beauvoir, member of the IWA.

The organization of power
Immediately, a committee of public safety made up of Republicans and some militants of the International was organized. This group of sixty-seven was elected by acclamation from the balconies of the town hall. They were called by the members of the committee of nine. The majority of committee members come from working-class backgrounds; including Louis Andrieux, then released from Prison Saint-Paul. Out of the totality, only ten were members of the IWA, the patriotism of the majority of the creators of the committee rejecting many of them.

The same day, the commune of la Guillotière experienced an uprising and the establishment of a commune with the red flag.

The governor's attempt to take over power
General Henri Espivent de La Villesboisnet left his troops in town and ordered them to disperse the revolutionaries. The men of the rank refused to fight, leaving their sabers in their scabbards and mounting the butts of their rifles. In order not to see his lines disperse, and the weapons get lost in the crowd, the general quickly made them return to the barracks, leaving the public safety committee in place.

On the same day, the National Guards of the working-class neighborhoods, to whom no weapons had been entrusted, stormed the Lamothe and La Vitriolerie forts and seized weapons.

The Lyon Commune in place
On September 6, Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour, who had been appointed prefect of the Rhône by the Government of National Defense, arrived in Lyon. On September 8, ten commissioners were appointed to act as “intermediaries for the people of Lyon with the Committee for Public Safety”. Albert Richard, Louis Andrieux and Victor Jaclard, who were part of it, were delegates to the Parisian government to discuss with it the levy en masse against the Prussians. Andrieux, whose only wish was the return of order, returned from Paris with the title of public prosecutor in Lyon. Albert Richard, meanwhile, returned with Gustave Paul Cluseret who was to be appointed commander of the Rhône volunteers and the corps of snipers from the South.

Mikhail Bakunin arrived in Lyon on September 14 or 15 with Vladimir Ozerov, Walenty Lankiewicz and F. Bischoff. He was alarmed to see the Lyon section of the IWA collaborating with the Republicans, and instead pushed them to foment a revolutionary war, against the Prussians, and at the cost of the overthrow of the provisional government, which he denounced as defeatist.

On the same day, the public safety committee dissolved to make way for the authorities elected in the municipal elections that it organized. Hénon then became the first mayor of Lyon.

The Salvation Committee of France
On September 17, 1870, during a public meeting, the militants of the IWA, including Bakunin, founded the Salvation Committee of France, on a program of mass levy and revolutionary war, in the spirit of 1792-1793. Camille Camet was its secretary, and its main figures were Albert Richard, Gustave Paul Cluseret, Charles Beauvoir, Mikhail Bakunin, Eugène Saignes and Louis Palix.

The Salvation Committee of France, which included delegates from different parts of the city, was very active, publishing manifestos and increasing the number of public meetings. Coordination was soon established between revolutionary groups, workers' associations and citizen militias, and the plan for an insurrection in Lyon was put in place.

In Lyon, on September 26, 1870, Salle de la Rotonde, at Les Brotteaux, during a big meeting with the workers in struggle of the national sites, the Salvation Committee of France called for the replacement of the provisional government by a decentralized and fighting federation of municipalities. The next day was spent preparing and writing a short program, which was printed on a red poster. This was put up on the morning of September 28, the day chosen for the uprising. "The disastrous situation in which the Country finds itself; the impotence of official powers and the indifference of the privileged classes have brought the French nation to the brink of the abyss.

If the revolutionary organized people do not hasten to act, their future is lost, the revolution is lost, all is lost. Inspired by the immensity of the danger and considering that the desperate action of the people could not be delayed for a single moment, the delegates of the federated committees for the salvation of France, meeting at the Central Committee, propose to immediately adopt the following resolutions:
 * Article 1. - The state's administrative and governmental machine, having become powerless, is abolished. The people of France are coming back in full possession of themselves.
 * Art. 2. - All criminal and civil courts are suspended and replaced by popular justice.
 * Art. 3. - Payment of taxes and mortgages is suspended. The tax is replaced by contributions from federated municipalities, levied on the wealthy classes, in proportion to the needs of France's salvation.
 * Art. 4. - The state having fallen, will no longer be able to intervene in the payment of private debts.
 * Art. 5. - All the existing municipal organizations are broken and replaced in all the federated municipalities by committees for the salvation of France, which will exercise all the powers under the immediate control of the People.
 * Art. 6. - Each departmental chief town committee will send two delegates to form the revolutionary convention for the Salvation of France.
 * Art. 7. - This convention will meet immediately at the Town Hall of Lyon, as being the second city in France and the most within reach to provide energetically for the defense of the country.

This convention supported by the whole people will save France.

Aux Armes !!!"

At the call of teams of agitators sent to the construction sites, a demonstration of several thousand workers displaying the red flag invaded the Place des Terreaux at noon. About a hundred activists from the Salvation Committee of France - including Bakunin, Saignes, Bastelica and Albert Richard - then entered the town hall.

From the top of the balcony, Saignes reads the manifesto again to the applause of the crowd. The mayor and the prefect Challemel-Lacour were held captive. Gustave Paul Cluseret went to la Croix-Rousse but failed to mobilize the working population and the national guard of the district there. Bakunin later attributed the failure of the movement to this "treason" by Cluseret: the workers gathered on the Place des Terreaux were in fact disarmed in the face of the troops and the national guard of the bourgeois neighborhoods. Surrounded by the town hall, and while the hoped-for uprising did not take place, the revolutionaries ended up negotiating the evacuation. Shortly after, when the prefectural power was restored and the repression began, Bakunin was forced to flee to Marseille.

Second uprising
In the spring 1871, many unknown Lyonnais militants and almost anonymous insurgents launched short insurrections, which took place in two stages. From March 22 to 25, 1871, the scene at the Town Hall, while that of April 30 and May 1, 1871, were more bloody, took place in the suburb of la Guillotière.

The Town Hall
During the night of March 22 to 23, the Town Hall was once again invaded with the help of actors from September 28, 1870, members of the former Committee of Public Safety, of the Revolutionary Committee of la Guillotière, and 18 battalions out of 24 of the Central Committee of the National Guard. A commission is installed.

On March 25, however, in a subtle attempt to counter the Lyon Commune, Jacques-Louis Hénon, the first mayor of Lyon of the Third Republic, had posters posted announcing the solemn reception of the heroes in arms of Belfort who had resisted the siege of the Prussians. The entry of this intervention force put an end to this insurrection.

La Guillotière
However, the red flag continued to fly over the town hall of la Guillotière, place du Pont. On April 30, after a call to boycott the elections, it was occupied by the national guards who forbade access to the polls with the complicity of the majority of the population. Barricades were erected on Grand rue de la Guillotière and cours des Brosses. The army arrived from Perrache, on the orders of prefect Marie-Edmond Valentin, facing a crowd of 20,000 to 25,000 people shouting "Don't shoot! Stick in the air! You are being made to march against the people!" It was then that two columns of infantry, one by the Pont de la Guillotière with Valentin and the other by the rue de Marseille with Andrieux, dispersed the demonstrators around 7.45 p.m. by firing. The insurgents retaliated from behind the barricades and the battle lasted until 11 p.m., when the soldiers called in the artillery to break down the doors of the town hall of la Guillotière. There were around thirty dead. Agent Jacques François Griscelli appeared to have played a role in this episode by defeating the "Geneva plot".

In Croix-Rousse, a barricade was erected on rue de Cuire, but, devoid of defenders, it was destroyed on April 30 at around 1:30 pm. On the other hand, the barricades on the Grand rue de la Guillotière held out until 11:20 am on May 1, when there were many wounded and at least 13 dead. La Guillotière now embodied the worker district and thus replaced the insurrectionary slopes of Croix-Rousse.

title: Lyon Commune


text:
XML - Managing Data Exchange/XHTML/Answers

XHTML Chapter => XHTML

XHTML Exercises => Exercises

Answer
1. Change the HTML document below into an XHTML document conforming to the W3C's transitional standard. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/.

Exercise 1
Below is an example of an invalid HTML document that contains a number of deprecated features. It is also badly structured. The document needs converting to XHTML with the content separated from the presentation.

Exercise 1.a.
a. Change the HTML document into a valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional document. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/.

The XHTML 1.0 Transitional document:   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  Convert HTML to XHTML XHTML page It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards. Welcome to my page.

I hope that you enjoy your stay.  XHTML is similar to HTML Validator

Exercise 1.b.
b. Starting with the model answer for question 1.a. identify all deprecated elements and attributes in the document and replace them with CSS in a linked external stylesheet. See HyperText Markup Language/Tag List for details of deprecated elements.

The deprecated features are:
 * the  attribute of the   element;
 * the  element; and
 * the.

A possible stylesheet is:  body { color:blue }

span#welcome { text-decoration:underline /* It is generally a bad idea to underline anything other than hyperlinks. */ }

p.highlight { color:#9900FF; font-size:150%; font-family:Arial,sans-serif /* It is good practice to include one as the CSS generic font families, e.g. sans-serif, as an alternative. */ }

The document with deprecated features removed – note the use of the  and   attributes to provide hooks for the CSS selectors.   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  Convert HTML to XHTML  XHTML page It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards. Welcome to my page.

I hope that you enjoy your stay. XHTML is similar to HTML Validator

Exercise 1.c.
c. Starting with the model answer for question 1.b. replace all presentational markup with semantic markup and ensure that all inline elements are contained in block-level elements. Change the DOCTYPE to XHTML 1.0 Strict and validate the page with the W3C Markup Validation Service.

The presentational elements are:

The 'paragraph' beginning with a  element is a mixture of inline elements and text and so should be contained in a block-level element such as   (paragraph).

The  (anchor) element is inline and needs enclosing in a block-level element.

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">  Convert HTML to XHTML <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> XHTML page It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards. Welcome to my page. I hope that you enjoy your stay. XHTML is similar to HTML Validator

XHTML Chapter => XHTML

XHTML Exercises => Exercises


text:
French/Lessons/School

The is a compound tense, and is therefore composed of an auxiliary verb and a past participle. With most verbs, that auxiliary verb is avoir.

Meaning
In English, verbs conjugated in the passé composé literally mean have/has ____ed. While there is a simple past tense in French, it is almost always only used in formal writing, so verbs conjugated in the passé composé can also be used to mean the English simple tense.

For example, the passé composé forms of, [avoir] parlé, literally mean has/have spoken, but also means spoke.

Basic formation
To conjugate a verb in the passé composé, the helping verb, usually avoir, is conjugated in the present indicative and the past participle is then added.

Auxiliary verb - avoir
Conjugate avoir in the present indicative.

Past participle

 * -er verbs: replace -er with é
 * -ir verbs: replace -ir with i
 * -re verbs: replace -re with u
 * irregular verbs: varied; must be memorized

Avoir + past participle
Please also note:

Fem. Subject or Person (Elles, Elle, Nous, On etc.)- Add another e with no aigu or grave to end of word- if a female person is partaking in the group.

Plural Subject (On, Nous, Tu, Vous etc.)- Add another "s" to end of word.

Finally, some verbs are irregular for the past participle, such as aller (to go), instead of using avoir to form the past participle, they will use être (to be) to form the past participle.

Always check the verb's irregularities before using to form past participle. Some "past participle" irregulars are regular verbs when forming other tenses.

The word professeur is considered masculine at all times, even if the teacher is female. The only case when "professeur" can be preceded by feminine determinant is either when contracting it in colloquial language "la prof", or when adding a few words before : "madame/mademoiselle la/le professeur".

In French, you do not "own" body parts. While in English, you would say my hand or your hand, the definite article is almost always used in French:

To and of are part of the verbs écouter and entendre respectively. It is not necessary to add a preposition to the verb. Other verbs, such as répondre (à), meaning to respond (to), are almost always followed by a preposition.

Écrire
Écrire is an irregular French verb, meaning to write. It varies from other -re verbs in the plural conjugation, by adding a v. Its past particple, écrit, is also irregular.

The verb is conjugated the same way. The nouns, meaning writing or handwriting, and , meaning writer, are derived from écrire.

Lire
Lire is an irregular French verb, meaning to read. Its plural conjugation adds an s, and its past participle is lu.

The verbs and  are conjugated the same way. The adjective, meaning readable or legible, is derived from lire.

The way that grades are numbered in France is opposite the way they are in the US. Whereas American grade numbers increase as you approach your senior year, they descend in France.

title: French/Lessons/School


text:
Talk:MediaWiki Project

MediaWiki Project Forum Opened 20:50, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Namespace debate
Namespaces/Proposals for new namespaces presents some interesting questions. I tend to try to distill multiple questions and problems to a singular argument:
 * What is the fundemental relationship between MediaWiki architecture and Wikiversity architecture?

I think addressing that sort of question could shed some light on the problem of slicing and dicing Wikiversity content in a reasonable way. I'm big on diagramatics, especially the UML variety, so here are what I think are helpful illustrations:

As you can see, the high-level architectures are vastly divergent because the architects have different perspectives:
 * The developers see MediaWiki from the perspective of client/server relationships, webserver configuration, scripts, and file system/database/cashe functionality.
 * Wikiversity custodians see MediaWiki from the perspective of learner/teacher relationships, namespaces, hierarchical organization (of learning groups and materials) and conventional university standards.

I don't know how to deal with this divergence, but as I stated here, I think MediaWiki has untapped potential out-of-the-box that Wikiversity hasn't yet discovered. When I wrote my description of this project, I directed it toward a Practicum paridigm in Topic:Applied Computer Science hoping to funnel at least my own learning goals toward understanding how this monster works.

I think of myself as somewhat of a generalist, but I'm in the process of delving into the specific functionalty of MediaWiki. I'm hoping others will do the same, so we can make this a true research collaboration. In my view, the namespace debate is an opportunity for this project to prove itself. Looking at School:Film as a case study may be a good start toward melding the two architectures. CQ 22:18, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Timelines
I've been fascinated with MediaWiki's ability to perform automated tasks using currency Variables like July, 29 and 2024. I've done some experimenting on various Wikia sites, notably WikiaPerl, where we shall in time do a co-op study with Topic:Perl here for EasyTimeline.pl and other studies. I intuit that it might be cool to design some time-based Templates and Scripts that predicate and facilitate a general study in MediaWiki timelines, even creating some nifty automation tools for local use.

See Meta:
 * Timeline
 * Timelines
 * EasyTimeline
 * m:Help:EasyTimeline syntax
 * m:Help:EasyTimeline activation
 * Grand Unified Timeline of Human History

CQ 17:59, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

Toolserver
How do we get something like this: RandomText implemented on wikiversity?--Rayc 19:19, 24 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I guess I don't need that now, since I figured out how to access the seconds function. Now I can do stuff like this:

monobook.js
I hear a lot about monobook.js. What is this and what can it be used for? CQ 03:57, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

 * It allows extra javascript to be added to pages to do all sorts of useful things. There's also a MediaWiki:Monobook.css to change the layout of the page. Those pages are the site-wide CSS jand Javascript, however, a great thing about MediaWiki is that every user has their own Monobook.css/js in their userspace. For instance, I added some javascript to my own Monobook.js file at User:MichaelBillington/monobook.js, and if you wanted to add some yourself you (and any custodians) can edit User:CQ/monobook.js.

 * They are usually used to make common tasks simpler, but there's some other things as well. For instance, if you don't like a specific system message you can change what it says through javascript. It is also possible to make pages somewhat like special pages, where as soon as it it loaded it will trigger some javascript. This has been used to make an edit counter on the English Wikipedia. Some users have made calendar type things to put a notice on their watchlist when it is a specific day, others have made 'status changers' which edit a user page every time you log in or log out, so ther users know if you're there. It has also been used as a temporary measure to patch bugs, such as where javascript changes the title of 'IPod' to 'iPod' because the software itself can't. The possibilities are endless :-) [note I don't know much javascript so i can't help you make any scripts though :( ] Michael Billington (talk • contribs) 04:18, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I have once used it to convert all "%" into "|" in a page.Hillgentleman|Talk 12:17, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

MediaWiki markup as a Turing Machine?
(cross-posted from Topic talk:MediaWiki)
 * There are a few template-programmes here: w:zh-yue:User:Hillgentleman (press the edit button!) and here (Wiki is not Turing machine) and here (Wiki is Turing machine)---Hillgentleman|Talk 12:17, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Bloom clock could use some help
Or I guess I should say that I need help getting the bloom clock towards its potential, and User:CQ said this project should "be involved". Here's the dream: anyone can take part in logging bloom times, but they should be able to log by scientific name, common name, or through pages like "currently blooming in Pennsylvania" or "plants with yellow flowers", but however they log it, it should all appear on the same log. For the next step (after a few years of data collection), we'd also need bots that can make correlations like "if this plant is blooming somewhere, this other plant will be blooming too", and "if this plant is blooming, this insect/bird/etc. will be found" (the arthropod clock and bird clock will be starting shortly), and more generally "this plant blooms at this time in Georgia, at this time in Pennsylvania, at this time in Toronto, and to this time in Santiago". This data is urgently needed by our friends at wikipedia, [for example].

Am I asking in the right place?--SB_Johnny | talk 00:15, 24 May 2007 (UTC)

Special:Search checkboxes
I have looked extensively through the code of MediaWiki (which I have installed on my site), but cannot figure out how to acheive what I want to do. I want Special:Search and search results to not display all the namespaces at the bottom, only some of them. All the talks, for example, I wish to do away with, as they are unused. How would I do this?

Thanks. Smaug 22:18, 13 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:MediaWiki Project


text:
Geometry/Area

Area of Circles
The method for finding the area of a circle is
 * $$Area=\pi r^2$$

Where $$r$$ is the radius of the circle; a line drawn from any point on the circle to its center.

Area of triangles
Three ways of calculating the area inside of a ../Triangle/ are mentioned here.

First method
If one of the sides of the triangle is chosen as a base, then a height for the triangle and that particular base can be defined. The height is a line segment perpendicular to the base or the line formed by extending the base and the endpoints of the height are the corner point not on the base and a point on the base or line extending the base. Let B = the length of the side chosen as the base. Let h = the distance between the endpoints of the height segment which is perpendicular to the base. Then the area of the triangle is given by:
 * $$Area=\frac{B\cdot h}{2}$$

This method of calculating the area is good if the value of a base and its corresponding height in the triangle is easily determined. This is particularly true if the triangle is a right triangle, and the lengths of the two sides sharing the $$90^\circ$$ angle can be determined.

Second method
, also known as Heron's Formula

If the lengths of all three sides of a triangle are known, Hero's formula may be used to calculate the area of the triangle. First, the semiperimeter, s, must be calculated by dividing the sum of the lengths of all three sides by 2. For a triangle having side lengths $$a,b,c$$ :
 * $$s=\frac{a+b+c}{2}$$

Then the triangle's area is given by:
 * $$Area=\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}$$

If the triangle is needle shaped, that is, one of the sides is very much shorter than the other two then it can be difficult to compute the area because the precision needed is greater than that available in the calculator or computer that is used. In otherwords Heron's formula is numerically unstable. Another formula that is much more stable is:
 * $$Area=\frac{\sqrt{\big(a+(b+c)\big)\big(c-(a-b)\big)\big(c+(a-b)\big)\big(a+(b-c)\big)}}{4}$$

where $$a,b,c$$ have been sorted so that $$a\ge b\ge c$$.

See also Heron's Formula at MathWorld and How JAVA's Floating-Point Hurts Everyone Everywhere

Third method
In a triangle with sides length $$a,b,c$$ and angles $$\alpha,\beta,\gamma$$ opposite them,
 * $$A=\frac{ab\sin(\gamma)}{2}=\frac{bc\sin(\alpha)}{2}=\frac{ac\sin(\beta)}{2}$$

This formula is true because $$h=\sin(\gamma)$$ in the formula $$A=\frac{Bh}{2}$$. It is useful because you don't need to find the height from an angle in a separate step, and is also used to prove the law of sines (divide all terms in the above equation by $$a\cdot b\cdot c$$ and you'll get it directly!)

Area of rectangles
The area calculation of a rectangle is simple and easy to understand. One of the sides is chosen as the base, with a length $$b$$. An adjacent side is then the height, with a length $$h$$, because in a rectangle the adjacent sides are perpendicular to the side chosen as the base. The rectangle's area is given by:
 * $$A=b\cdot h$$

Sometimes, the baselength may be referred to as the length of the rectangle, l, and the height as the width of the rectangle, w. Then the area formula becomes:
 * $$A=l\cdot w$$

Regardless of the labels used for the sides, it is apparent that the two formulas are equivalent.

Of course, the area of a square with sides having length $$s$$ would be:
 * $$A=s^2$$

Area of parallelograms
../Parallelograms/ are described in their own chapter.

The area of a parallelogram can be determined using the equation for the area of a rectangle. The formula is:
 * $$A=b\cdot h$$

The height is a perpendicular line segment that connects one of the vertices to its opposite side (the base).
 * $$A$$ is the area of a parallelogram.
 * $$b$$ is the base.
 * $$h$$ is the height.

Area of a rhombus
Remember in a rombus all sides are equal in length.
 * $$A=\frac{d_1\cdot d_2}{2}$$

where $$d_1,d_2$$ represent the diagonals.

Area of trapezoids
The area of a trapezoid is derived from taking the arithmetic mean of its two parallel sides to form a rectangle of equal area. $$A=\frac{(b_1+b_2)\cdot h}{2}$$ Where $$b_1,b_2$$ are the lengths of the two parallel bases.

Area of kites

The area of a kite is based on splitting the kite into four pieces by halving it along each diagonal and using these pieces to form a rectangle of equal area.
 * $$A=\frac{ab}{2}$$

Where $$a,b$$ are the diagonals of the kite.

Alternatively, the kite may be divided into two halves, each of which is a triangle, by the longer of its diagonals, $$a$$. The area of each triangle is thus
 * $$\frac{a\cdot\dfrac{b}{2}}{2}$$

Where $$b$$ is the other (shorter) diagonal of the kite.

And the total area of the kite (which is composed of two identical such triangles) is
 * $$2\cdot\frac{a\cdot\dfrac{b}{2}}{2} = a\cdot\frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{2} .$$

For more details see Kite (geometry).

Areas of other quadrilaterals
The areas of other ../Quadrilaterals/ are slightly more complex to calculate, but can still be found if the quadrilateral is well-defined. For example, a quadrilateral can be divided into two triangles, or some combination of triangles and rectangles. The areas of the constituent polygons can be found and added up with arithmetic.

Areas defining angles
The area of a circular sector is a fraction of the area of the whole circle. When the circle has radius that is the square root of two, the circle has area 2 π, and the radian measure of the sector corresponds to the fraction of the total circular area. In calculus, another type of angle called hyperbolic is related to the exponential function. This type of angle also corresponds to the area of a sector of the hyperbola xy=1. Use of area measure provides a means to unify these angle types. See Unified Angles.

title: Geometry/Area


text:
Football at the Indian Ocean Island Games

The association football tournament at the Indian Ocean Island Games (French: Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien) which is organised every 4 years for the Islands in the Indian Ocean.

From 1947 until 1963 a precursor called Triangulaire was organized between Madagascar, Mauritius and Réunion Island. The first official edition of Indian Ocean Island Games was held in 1979.

The competition has been won by its host country on seven of the ten occasions it has been held.

Participants

 * 🇰🇲 comoros
 * 🇲🇬 madagascar
 * 🇲🇻 maldives
 * 🇾🇹 mayotte
 * 🇷🇪 réunion
 * 🇷🇪 réunion

Past results

 * 2–0
 * }
 * }

1 The match was scratched and Comoros were awarded third place as Mauritius were unable to travel to Réunion for the match.

2 The match was scratched and Comoros were awarded third place as Madagascar failed to appear at the stadium for the match.

Women's tournament
In 2015 a women's tournament was held.


text:
Cavachon

Noun

 * 1) A breed of dog that is a cross between a Bichon Frisé and a Cavalier King Charles spaniel.

title: Cavachon


text:
Secondary trauma

Secondary trauma can be incurred when an individual is exposed to people who have been traumatized themselves, disturbing descriptions of traumatic events by a survivor, or others inflicting cruelty on one another. Symptoms of secondary trauma are similar to those of PTSD (e.g. intrusive re-experiencing of the traumatic material, avoidance of trauma triggers/emotions, negative changes in beliefs and feelings and hyperarousal). Secondary trauma has been researched in first responders, nurses and physicians, mental health care workers, and children of traumatized parents.

Mental health care workers/social workers
Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) impacts many individuals in the mental health field and as of 2013 the prevalence rates for STS amongst different professions is as follows: 15.2% among social workers, 16.3% in oncology staff, 19% in substance abuse counselors, 32.8% in emergency nurses, 34% in child protective services workers, and 39% in juvenile justice education workers There is a strong correlation between burnout and secondary traumatic stress among mental health care professionals who are indirectly exposed to trauma and there are a multitude of different risk factors that contribute to the likelihood of developing secondary traumatic stress amongst individuals who conduct therapy with trauma victims. Workers who have had a history of trauma are more likely to develop STS. Additionally, individuals who have less work support as well as less social support are at higher risk for developing STS. Lastly, as the number of patients seen by these workers increases, so do the chances of developing STS. Some of the protective factors for mental health care workers include years of experience in the profession, more time spent in self-care activities and high self-efficacy.

Another social work-related profession that is impacted by secondary trauma is librarianship. Public librarians work closely with vulnerable, at-risk populations, and often experience emotional and psychological strain while doing so.

First responders
Studies explain how secondary traumatic stress can negatively impact job performance in first responders which can lead to adverse outcomes not only for the first responders, but for the victims they seek to help. Job context is a greater risk factor for developing STS in first responders compared to the job content. This highlights the need for strategies targeted toward the organizational and systemic level in addition to the individual level. Organizational changes that can be addressed include work culture, workload, group support, supervision and education, and the modification of the work environment. Changes in these areas would foster resiliency for developing STS.

Nurses and physicians
Similarly, research highlights the importance of psychological services for nurses and medical professionals. Services similar to the ones listed above for the first responder population were valuable for reducing secondary traumatic stress symptoms amongst medical staff working with traumatic populations in hospital settings.

Children of traumatized parents
Van Ijzendoorn et al. (2003) conducted a meta-analysis of 32 studies with 4,418 participants in which they explored secondary trauma in children of Holocaust survivors. The authors found that in non-clinical studies no evidence of secondary traumatization, while clinical studies only showed evidence for secondary traumatization when additional stressors were also present. Intergenerational trauma or transgenerational trauma is also applied to describe the process by which parental traumatic experiences may lead to secondary trauma symptoms in their offspring, when additional stressors, such as war, famine, or displacement are present. Refugee children who are exposed to these additional stressors display heightened anxiety levels, and have an increased likelihood of experiencing traumatic life events, compared with non-refugee children in the United States.

Measurements
Secondary Trauma Self-Efficacy (STSE) Scale is a seven-item measure used to assess a person's beliefs about their ability to cope with barriers associated with secondary traumatic stress. The STSE measures one's "ability to cope with the challenging demands resulting from work with traumatized clients and perceived ability to deal with the secondary traumatic stress symptoms". In addition to the STSE, there is the STSS. The Secondary Trauma Stress Scale (STSS), is a 17-item questionnaire that measures the frequency of secondary traumatic stress symptoms over the past month. Questions on the STSS addresses issues with intrusion, avoidance and arousal symptoms similar to those found in PTSD.

Interventions
Phipps and Byrne (2003) detail some potential treatments for STS based on the premise that STS and PTSD symptomology are similar in nature. Some brief interventions for STS include critical incident stress debriefing (CISD), critical incident stress management (CISM) and stress inoculation training (SIT). CISD is a one session exposure-based intervention aimed at reducing distress by having the client recall and explain the traumatic event to a group and a facilitator 48–72 hours after the traumatic incident. The facilitator then provides education on the reasons for the symptoms and processes of trauma in a safe environment. The seven-phase debriefing technique includes: 1. Introduction, 2. Expectations and facts, 3. Thoughts and impressions, 4. Emotional reactions, 5. Normalization, 6. Future planning/coping and 7. Disengagement. This has been shown by multiple studies to have damaging effects on the survivors and actually exacerbates the trauma symptoms present.

CISM is another one session exposure-based intervention aimed at reducing distress by having the client recall and explain the traumatic event but has a follow-up component. CISM consists of 3 phases: 1. Pre-trauma training, 2. Debriefing and 3. Individual follow-up. CISM differs from CISD in the sense that two components are added and believed to be the driving factors for symptom reduction in individuals with STS. Firstly, the pre-trauma training of Stress Inoculation training is implemented and secondly the follow-up assessments after one month.

SIT is a type of training that uses skills to lower autonomic arousal when exposed to the traumatic material. These techniques include muscle relaxation training, breathing retraining, covert self-dialogue and thought stopping. SIT provides skills to reduce trauma symptoms whereas CISD does not. These learned skills are imperative when faced with trauma symptoms and have been shown to be the most helpful type of intervention. It is recommended to implement both pre and post interventions in order to provide the best care.

Bercier and Maynard (2015) explain that, to date, there is no empirical evidence to support effectiveness of interventions for mental health care workers (psychologists, social workers, counselors and therapists) who experience symptoms of STS. Although there is no empirical support for the efficacy of these interventions, there still are some interventions that are recommended for reducing symptoms of STS. Accelerated Recovery Program (ARP) has been specifically designed to treat symptoms of STS. ARP is a five-session program aimed to reduce negative arousal states that result from STS. Primary focus of STS symptom reduction has been at the individual level, but some interventions to reduce STS symptoms have been proposed at the organizational level. These organizational interventions include the provision of supervision, workshops and supportive organizational culture.

Similar concepts
Secondary trauma is often used interchangeably with several terms that have similar meanings including compassion fatigue, vicarious trauma, second victim syndrome, and job burnout. Although there is an overlap in terminology, there are nuanced differences.

Compassion fatigue
Compassion fatigue refers to a reduced capacity to help as a health care professional after being exposed to the suffering and distress of their patients. Secondary traumatic stress was later renamed compassion fatigue in 1995 by Charles Figley who described compassion fatigue as the natural emotions that arise as a result of learning about a significant others' experience with a traumatic event. Overall, compassion fatigue is often used interchangeably with secondary traumatic stress but the difference between the two is that STS is specific to individuals who treat traumatized populations whereas CF generalizes to individuals who treat an array of other populations.

Vicarious trauma
Vicarious traumatization (VT) is defined as a transformation of a helper's inner experience that is a result of empathic engagement with a client's traumatic experiences. This engagement with the client results in a shift in the cognitive schemas about oneself, the world, others. Vicarious trauma is similar to secondary traumatic stress, but individuals with VT display only one subtype characteristic of PTSD, negative changes in beliefs and feelings. VT fails to address other subtypes of PTSD symptoms (i.e. re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal).

Second Victim Syndrome (SVS)
Second Victim Syndrome (SVS) was defined originally by Albert Wu in 2000, describing the impact of medical error on Health Care Providers (HCPs), especially when there has been an error or the HCP feels responsibility for the outcome. "Although patients are the first and obvious victims of medical mistakes, doctors are wounded by the same errors: they are the second victims," wrote Wu in the BMJ. Susan D. Scott, PhD, RN, CPPS described a predictable phenomenological pattern that second victims experience after an adverse event: 1) chaos and accident response, (2) intrusive reflections, (3) restoring personal integrity, (4) enduring the inquisition, (5) obtaining emotional first aid and (6) moving on. SVS has been compared to PTSD affecting second victims and others further describe tertiary victims as hospital reputation and other patients due to subsequent medical errors.

Job burnout
Research describes job burnout as the burnout of an individual as a resultant of additive stress and lack of accomplishment in the workplace leading to poorer work performance. The concept of job burnout was originally developed to assess negative consequences of work-related exposure to a broad range of stressful situations experienced by human services employees. Job burnout is considered a symptom of STS, but STS is not a symptom of job burnout.

title: Secondary trauma


text:
Talk:Bandwagoning

Etymology
At present the etymology section only says who coined the phrase. This is not stictly etymology, though it can stay in the section. But what we really need there is an explanation of the word itself. What does all this have to do with bands and wagons? --Doric Loon (talk) 06:47, 23 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bandwagoning


text:
William R. Traver

William R. Traver (born October 26, 1818) was a Michigan politician.

Early life
Traver was born in Rensselaer County, New York on October 26, 1818. In 1844, Traver moved to Litchfield Township, Michigan.

Career
Traver was a harness maker. On November 2, 1852, Traver was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives where he represented the Hillsdale County 1st district from January 5, 1853 to December 31, 1854. Traver held a number of local offices in Litchfield Township. In 1858, Traver served as highway commissioner of the township. In 1859, Traver served as overseer of the poor, along with Hervey Smith. In 1861, Traver again served as highway commissioner. In 1877, Traver served as drain commissioner. On March 12, 1877, the newly incorporated Litchfield village, which would later become the city of Litchfield, held its first election. In it, Traver was elected the village's first street commissioner.

title: William R. Traver


text:
1979 Memphis State Tigers football team

The 1979 Memphis State Tigers football team represented Memphis State University (now known as the University of Memphis) as an independent during the 1979 NCAA Division I-A football season. In its fifth season under head coach Richard Williamson, the team compiled a 5–6 record and was outscored by a total of 223 to 166. The team played its home games at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee.

The team's statistical leaders included Kevin Betts with 884 passing yards, Leo Cage with 599 rushing yards, Tony Hunt with 234 receiving yards, and Richard Locke with 30 points scored.

title: 1979 Memphis State Tigers football team


text:
1984–85 Mansfield Town F.C. season

The 1984–85 season was Mansfield Town's 48th season in the Football League and 11th in the Fourth Division they finished in 14th position with 57 points.

Squad statistics

 * Squad list sourced from

title: 1984–85 Mansfield Town F.C. season


text:
Talk:New Summerfield Independent School District

External links modified (February 2018)
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:35, 17 February 2018 (UTC)


text:
1927 Macdonald Brier

The 1927 Macdonald Brier Tankard, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held March 1–3 at the Granite Club in Toronto. This edition of the Brier would be the first, with it also being the first time it was hosted in Ontario, and the first time it was hosted in Toronto's Granite Club.

Skip Murray MacNeill, skip of the Nova Scotia champion Halifax rink would win the inaugural tournament, leading his rink of skips (his original team couldn't make the trip) to victory.

The event began with an opening banquet with Ontario Lieutenant Governor William Donald Ross and Ontario Premier Howard Ferguson welcoming players.

Event summary
After successful trips by the winner of the Manitoba Bonspiel in 1925 and their participation in the Quebec Bonspiel being deemed popular enough to consider a national tournament in 1926, the Stewart brothers of Macdonald Tobacco would sponsor what would become the Brier in 1927. Played at the Granite Club in Toronto, the tournament would feature teams from four provinces, two cities, and a representative from Western Canada and Northern Ontario, the latter becoming a fixture at the Brier. It would be the only Brier that would have all games go 14 ends (with two games going to a 15th end to break ties)

Teams
The teams are listed as follows:

Draw 1
Tuesday, March 1 (Morning)

Draw 2
Tuesday, March 1 (afternoon)

Draw 3
Wednesday, March 2 (morning)

Draw 4
Wednesday, March 2 (afternoon)

Draw 5
Wednesday, March 2 (evening)

Draw 6
Thursday, March 3 (morning)

Draw 7
Thursday, March 3 (afternoon)

Team selection
Teams were chosen by invitation. Many provinces had yet to have provincial championships.

 * Western Canada: Winners of the "Macdonald Brier event" playoff between Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
 * Nova Scotia: "Four best players (in the province)." Macneill was chosen as winner of the Johnson Cup.
 * Montreal: Amalgamation rink, selected by the Granite Association of Montreal
 * Northern Ontario: Winners of the Grand Aggregate of the Northern Curling Association bonspiel
 * Ontario: A selection of the winners of the Ontario Tankard
 * Toronto: Winners of the Canada Life trophy.
 * Quebec: Winners of the Quebec Bonspiel.
 * New Brunswick: Selected by the New Brunswick Curling Association.

title: 1927 Macdonald Brier


text:
Using GNOME/Applications

GNOME comes with a variety of applications to allow you to work.

List of Applications

 * Calculator
 * Dictionary
 * Character map
 * Games
 * Graphics
 * Image viewer
 * PDF Viewer
 * Terminal
 * Text editor
 * Web browser

title: Using GNOME/Applications


text:
drakma

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) drachma currency and coin
 * 2) drachm, dram one eighth of the ounce apoth.

title: drakma


text:
Category:AAA Championship Car drivers

These are drivers who participated in the AAA Championship Cars series, held between 1905 and 1955.

title: Category:AAA Championship Car drivers


text:
footlong

Adjective

 * 1) One foot long.

Translations

 * Finnish: jalan pituinen
 * Latin: pedālis

Noun

 * 1) A hot dog or submarine sandwich measuring a foot in length.

title: footlong


text:
Esther Overton

Esther Overton (born 26 March 1990) is a former Australian swimmer. She competed at the 2008 and the 2012 Summer Paralympics.

Personal
Overton was born on 26 March 1990 in Launceston, Tasmania. She currently resides in Enfield, South Australia. , she is a student at the University of Adelaide where she is working on a Bachelor of Commerce.

Overton has arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, a medical condition which "causes muscle weakness and a tendency for bones to break easily". It also results in joints that are immobile. Her arm has been broken more than forty times, she has coped with multiple bulging discs and had six surgeries on her knee since 2008. Because of her disability, she has required the use of an electric wheelchair and is in constant pain.

Swimming
Overton is a S1 classified swimmer. When swimming, she cannot use her arms and uses her head instead of hands on the touchpad. She competes in the 50 metres backstroke, freestyle. Overton is a member of the Burnside Swimming Club. She is coached by Shelly Camy, who became her coach eighteen months before the start of the 2012 Summer Paralympics. Part of her training includes Pilates.

Overton started swimming as physiotherapy when she was a baby, and started competing at twelve years old. She made her national team debut at the 2006 IPC World Championships in Durban, winning a silver medal in the 50 metres butterfly and backstroke events. She competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in two events. Competing in the 50 metres backstroke event, she finished fifth. In the 50 metres freestyle, she finished sixth. Seven weeks before the 2008 Games, she had a collapsed lung and a day before the start of the Games, she broke an arm.

Overton competed at the 2010 Australian National Championships. Prior to the event, she had applied for an exemption so she could wear a swimsuit that had a zipper. When this was declined, she tried to put on a legal swimsuit and broke her arm in the process but she continued competing with the injury. She competed at the 2010 Paralympic World Championships. At the 2011 Para Pacific Championships, she finished third in the 50 metres backstroke event. In October 2011, she got a new swimming coach. Going into the 2012 National Championships, she was dealing with three bulging spinal discs as a result of swimming into a wall three weeks before the event. As a twenty-two-year-old, Overton was selected to represent Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in the 50 metre backstroke S2 and the 50 metre freestyle S3 events. She was one of three South Australians representing Australia in swimming at the Paralympics.

In April 2013 at the age of 23, Overton retired from professional swimming. She was forced to consider her future after a lack of competitor interest in her classification led to the cancellation her event at the 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships.

She is an inductee of the Swimming South Australia Hall of Fame.

title: Esther Overton


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Adam Boltoro

The result was redirect to Adam Motor Company. Ritchie333 (talk) (cont)  08:22, 12 October 2017 (UTC)

Adam Boltoro

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

No in-depth coverage in WP:RS. Fails WP:GNG.  Greenbörg  (talk)  12:34, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Transportation-related deletion discussions. ʍaɦʋɛօtʍ (talk) 12:39, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Pakistan-related deletion discussions. ʍaɦʋɛօtʍ (talk) 12:39, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Delete -- agree fails WP:RS and WP:GNG--EC Racing (talk) 15:49, 19 September 2017 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks,  MBisanz  talk 02:27, 27 September 2017 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
 * Merge & Redirect to Adam Motor Company. - Mfarazbaig (talk) 22:44, 3 October 2017 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Optakeover (U)(T)(C) 04:51, 4 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Adam Motor Company; valid search term per WP:ATD-R. North America1000 01:12, 12 October 2017 (UTC)


text:
J.P. Stevens

J.P. Stevens may refer to:

 * J.P. Stevens Textile Corporation, a constituent corporation of WestPoint Home
 * J.P. Stevens High School, named after the founder of the above
 * John Paul Stevens (1920-2019) American Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
 * John Peters Stevens, American textile industrialist

title: J.P. Stevens


text:
Talk:Ludwig Fahrenkrog

image
image of Fahrenkrog, but I'm not sure of the copyright status. Will check it out later. Cantara 19:57, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ludwig Fahrenkrog


text:
User:Eitch/Sandbox2

Once upon a time there was a girl. Her name was Sophia. She had a mom and a dad and a sister and some pets. She liked many many movies and distorted rock.

One example of how to do this cool thing that gets addictive is that you can have one word send you to a different article. Oh, and if you misxspell or link to a not really so very much extant page this is what happens.

I go to school at this school.

title: User:Eitch/Sandbox2