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Vincentian Academy

Vincentian Academy was a Catholic college preparatory school in McCandless, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was located in the Dioceze of Pittsburgh. In February 2020, the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth announced the school would cease operations after the 2019-2020 school year.

Campus
Vincentian Academy comprises three buildings housed on a 67 acre campus in McCandless Township, a north suburb of Pittsburgh. At the time of its closure it had an approximate 13:1 student-to-teacher ratio, and the enrollment as of the 2019-2020 school year consisted of a total of 163 students.

Academics
As of 2019, Vincentian Academy claimed to maintain 100 percent university placement for its students. Vincentian was one of twelve schools in Pennsylvania that offered the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program.

The IB Program
At Vincentian Academy, approximately 80 percent of all juniors and seniors took some IB courses. Overall, 84 percent of all those students taking IB exams pass.

History
The school was founded by the Vincentian Sisters of Charity in 1932 as Vincentian High School. (The Vincentian Sisters of Charity have since been incorporated into another congregation, the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth.) The high school began an affiliation with Duquesne University in 1995, whereupon it adopted the International Baccalaureate curriculum; the affiliation, during which the school was known as Vincentian Academy–Duquesne University, ended in June 2010.

Affiliation with Duquesne University
Early in the 1990s, Duquesne University president Dr. John E. Murray was investigating the possibility of a high school for Duquesne, disturbed by contemporary reports that American high schools were inferior to schools in Europe, Asia, and even third-world countries. Reasoning that a university-affiliated school could be a model for the region and offer an advanced curriculum and integrate the resources of a major university into its operation, Murray explored the possibility as an extension of Duquesne's Spiritan tradition of often unconventional leadership.

Dialogue with the Vincentian Sisters began in 1993; an agreement was finalized 1994, and the inaugurating class was set to enroll in 1995, with Dean Derek Whordley of the Duquesne University School of Education to be president of the new school. In September 1995, Vincentian Academy–Duquesne University became officially operational, and 31 new Academy students were assimilated into the high school classes. A slow expansion was planned, with the new Academy gradually replacing the old Vincentian High School.

The International Baccalaureate program was selected as the new Academy's curriculum because of its international appeal and academic quality. Moreover, it would be an attractive venue for university researchers and a unique experience for teachers. In adopting the IB, Vincentian Academy-Duquesne University became the only Catholic IB school in the world that was part of a major university.

End of university affiliation
In late January 2010, Duquesne University announced that it would be ending its 15-year partnership with Vincentian Academy. As such, Duquesne no longer has a part in performing administrative duties, and it does not determine a president for the school as before. The split became effective on June 30, 2010.

Duquesne University had begun to provide administrative support services for Vincentian in 1995 for a five-year period, whereafter the partnership agreement was renewed in 2001 for a ten-year period. Academy principal Sister Camille Panich noted that the reasons for the partnership had been achieved: "Duquesne has helped strengthen the Academy and position it for long-term success". Duquesne University president Charles J. Dougherty likewise noted that "our partnership agreement for administrative services is concluding with a stronger Vincentian Academy".

When the formal partnership ended, it was stated that some of the benefits that Duquesne University afforded to students, including use of the university's library and science facilities, would continue.

Changes in administration model
On March 11, 2016, Vincentian Academy principal Edward Bernot resigned to become the principal of Saint John Paul II Academy in Boca Raton, Florida. His term ended on June 2, 2016. His successor as principal of Vincentian Academy was former elementary school principal Rita Canton.

On November 1, 2016 the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth announced that Vincentian Academy would not be running under the "president–principal model" as of that day. It was announced that John Fedko, who formerly served as president of the Academy, would continue to work as a chairman for special projects. Sister Adeline Fehribach, Chair of the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth, noted that "We are very grateful to Mr. [John] Fedko for his leadership skills over the past five years and the SCN and the family of Vincentian Academy thank him for his assistance in this part of Vincentian's time of change." John Fedko's term as President lasted from July 1, 2011 to November 1, 2016.

Alma Mater
The following was instated as the school's official Alma Mater in 2007:

Oh, Vincentian! We hail our alma mater Blue and gold, the colors we hold dear Mind, heart, spirit, guided by our Father Friendships formed will last throughout the years Honesty, respect, and human kindness Tempered with a pride in quality Integrity, and faith in God define us Oh, Vincentian! We hail thee

title: Vincentian Academy


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User:Baber nazir

Baber Nazir Baber Nazir is a young digital Entrepreneur and helping number of people around the country to change their life and also helping them to ful fill their need

If you have dreams I have plan Instagram Babernazir 64 You tube Business coach Facebook Baber nazir123 Twitter Baber Nazir Address Baramula Kashmir If any one need help WhatsApp on<PHONE_NUMBER>

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Baber nazir


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Talk:Raiden (Metal Gear)/GA1

GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''

Reviewer: GreatOrangePumpkin (talk · contribs) 16:35, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * GA review (see here for what the criteria are, and here for what they are not)

 * 1) It is reasonably well written.
 * a (prose): b (MoS for lead, layout, word choice, fiction, and lists):
 * "appearing as a trained member of the FOXHOUND special forces participating in his first mission. " - a word or a comma is missing here. Maybe add "and" after "special forces"?
 * Done.

 * third "u" in "Sukarua Sutsu" should be an "ū", as you used the Hepburn format throughout
 * Done.

 * "An organization known The Patriots " - I would add "known as"
 * Done.

 * "(shown at E3 2005)" - I think this is trivia
 * Removed.

 * "version of Raiden appears in Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops Plus expansion pack" - in the Metal Gear, as you wrote "expansion pack" at the end
 * Done.

 * I would just write "AI" instead of with the redundant periods
 * Done.

 * "(a deleted scene from the original game due to the September 11 attacks)" - I think that should be integrated, ie without the brackets, as that is important
 * Done.

 * "the decision to make a new character the main playable one of Metal Gear Solid 2 (instead of Solid Snake) stemmed from the developer's desire to develop Snake from a third-person perspective instead of treating Snake like a rookie again." - long and complicated sentence
 * Trimmed and reworded.

 * Link "VR" (virtual reality?) in Analysis, or describe it
 * Done.
 * The phrases in brackets are distracting; try to eliminate as many as possible and merged the phrases with other
 * Removed some of them and reworded the others.

 * 1) It is factually accurate and verifiable.
 * a (references): b (citations to reliable sources):  c (OR):
 * Minor: Overlinking of 1Up.com and GameSport
 * Removed link 1UP in reception. Can't find another GameSpot link in the body.

 * 1) It is broad in its coverage.
 * a (major aspects): b (focused):
 * Some of the content in the brackets is trivial and out of place
 * Reworked.

 * 1) It follows the neutral point of view policy.
 * Fair representation without bias:
 * 1) It is stable.
 * No edit wars, etc.:
 * 1) It is illustrated by images, where possible and appropriate.
 * 1) Overall: Minor corrections needed, but otherwise an excellent article. -- GoP T C N 20:10, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Pass/Fail:
 * 1) Overall: Minor corrections needed, but otherwise an excellent article. -- GoP T C N 20:10, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Pass/Fail:
 * Pass/Fail:

 * Pass Very interesting article. -- GoP T C N 08:27, 14 July 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Raiden (Metal Gear)/GA1


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Talk:Doug Clifford

Residence?
The Reno, Nevada article says he lives in Reno. Can anyone confirm or refute this? The Jade Knight (talk) 10:35, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

Where's the info?
Nothing to his side of the story on the breakup? Besides his drumming is so distinctive in the history of R&R..I wish Wiki had taken his iconic stature with more reverence. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:642:4100:17A5:40AE:1F73:64E6:AD1 (talk) 17:40, 1 September 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Doug Clifford


text:
Talk:Di Stewart

External links modified
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title: Talk:Di Stewart


text:
Talk:BFE

RFV discussion (1)
Linked from East Jesus (see above) we have... Bum Fuck Egypt; the middle of nowhere. — Beobach972 22:39, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Clearly in widespread use, in the US. Signal-to-noise is very low on b.g.c., but the very first hit is about a play that used the abbreviation as its title.  Yes, it is quite common here.  --Connel MacKenzie 15:53, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Weird. I've got 3 university degrees, am 60 years old, well read (2 newspapers, left and right mags, and other) and have been a professional writer (entertainment and technical). Absolute first time I've ever heard the expression.<IP_ADDRESS> 19:28, 11 June 2007 (UTC)

 * In journalism, the expression I've heard most often to refer to some out-of-the-way place is along the lines of I've been sent out to cover some story in the middle of butt-fuck nowhere. I think it's a rather brilliantly neat phrase. Widsith 09:32, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I've heard of this (as an Americanism) and I live in the UK. I'd be very surprised if it were obscure, therefore.  RobbieG 16:33, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

RFV passed, due to claims of clearly widespread use (though personally I've only heard this in its expanded forms, never as an initialism). Adding. (Obviously this might get re-RFV'd if people try to cite it and fail.) —Ruakh TALK 23:02, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

RFV discussion (2)
I would have RfD’d this had it not for the fact that the phrase “Bumfuck Egypt” yields 9,930 Google Web hits. †  ﴾(u):Raifʻhār (t):Doremítzwr﴿ 02:02, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Bumfuck, Egypt is real, but I don't know that this abbreviation is. --Ptcamn 09:13, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, it is real. However, every native (American) English speaker that I've ever known would tell you that it stands for Butt F..king Egypt.  The abbreviation BFE is not quite so vulgar.
 * Example: I would go more often, except for the fact that it's way out in BFE. -- A-cai 11:30, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

Weird, and funny. I’d guessed it was a joke. I’ve never heard it before. Is it attestable? †  ﴾(u):Raifʻhār (t):Doremítzwr﴿ 12:16, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Yep, in America we say, "It's way out in BFE," (the "way out in" part is nearly idiomatic) and the full explanation "Butt-fuck Egypt" or "Butt-fuckin' Egypt" is reserved as sort of a punch line when someone asks, "What's BFE?" -- Thisis0 03:48, 19 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Umm... holy balls. Didn't anybody notice this was RFV'ed (and passed) near the top of this page??  I was very confounded when my browser sent me to a conversation I never read after submitting my comment.  I thought it was a massive edit conflict.  Anyway, the other entry is "way up there in #BFE". -- Thisis0 04:00, 19 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Quotes: "However, every native (American) English speaker that I've ever known would tell you that it stands for Butt F..king Egypt." and "Yep, in America we say, 'It's way out in BFE,' (the 'way out in' part is nearly idiomatic) and the full explanation 'Butt-fuck Egypt' or 'Butt-fuckin' Egypt' is reserved as sort of a punch line when someone asks, 'What's BFE?'"

 * Attestation and partial rebuttal: This may be a generational or regional difference, wherein the "accepted" translation of BFE has morphed over time, or varies from region to region within the U.S. I first encountered BFE in the Navy where I flew patrol aircraft in the early 1960's. It was the inevitable answer to the question "Where the fuck are the hats (senior officers, squadron/air wing commanders, etc.) sending us this time?" Because we flew anywhere, worldwide, pretty much at the drop of a hat, this was not always an idle question, and we did, in fact, fly to Egypt once (not, unfortunately, to any place named Bumfuck.) The only variation on this was once when we flew to France, someone put "Bumme Fuque, Egypte" on the destination line of our Flight Plan. However, from then until now (45+ years) I had never encountered any explanation for BFE other than "Bumfuck, Egypt." The translations above are completely new to me as of today. So I humbly submit that not *every* native (American) English speaker concurs with the above-expressed translations, although admittedly the actual differences are small and the sense (dare I say the "thrust?") of all three translations is the same. Interestingly, "bum" is U.K. slang for "butt," so it is intriguing to me (never thought about it before today) that the U.S. Navy would universally adopt the British "Bumfuck" when the American version was, and still is, "Butt Fuck," but I just called an old squadron shipmate and asked him what BFE means and he didn't hesitate, once he stopped laughing at the thought that I had somehow forgotten... he also had never heard it translated in any way other than "Bumfuck, Egypt," and he lives 3 states away. I have frequently heard both "BFE" and "Bumfuck, Egypt" in the years since, but BFE was seldom explcitly translated because, of course, everyone knows what it means- someplace "way out in the sticks," some obscure little one-horse town without indoor plumbing that nobody has ever heard of. Civilian usage example: "Could you give me a ride home after work?" "Dude, I would, if you didn't live in BFE." HoggyDog 21:54, 5 April 2008 (UTC)
 * passed again - 02:21, 13 April 2008 (UTC)

I've been using this expression since the mid-1980's.
I've been using this expression since the mid-1980's. I grew up in the midwest and all my friends said "BFE" to indicate someplace in the middle of nowhere. --anonymous

title: Talk:BFE


text:
User:BokchitoRoman/sandbox

Salifu Jatta Salifu Jatta (December 11, 1995) is a Gambian soccer player who is plays for the Oakland Roots SC in the National Independent Soccer Association. Category:Association football Category:Sports

title: User:BokchitoRoman/sandbox


text:
Ray Bridwell White

Ray Bridwell White (August 24, 1892 – November 5, 1946) was the son of Alma White, the leader of the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, New Jersey. He was nominated to be a Bishop shortly after his mother died in 1946, but was too ill to attend the ordination ceremony and died shortly thereafter.

Biography
White was born on August 24, 1892, in Denver, Colorado, to Alma Bridwell (1862-1946) and Kent White (1860-1940). He had a brother, Arthur Kent White (1889-1981).

The church was started by his mother, Alma Bridwell White, in Denver. He attended Columbia University and graduated in 1917. Alma White died on June 26, 1946.

Ray died on November 5, 1946, in Zarephath, New Jersey, and was buried in Fairmount Cemetery in Denver.

Publications

 * The Truth in Satire Concerning Infallible Popes, The Good Citizen, 1929.
 * "Eternal security" insecure: Or the heresy of "once in grace always in grace".
 * The legend of Manitousa and other poems, Hank and other sketches.
 * Doctrines and discipline of the Pillar of Fire Church. (1918) revised 1923, 1926
 * Doctrines and discipline of the Pillar of Fire Church. (1918) revised 1923, 1926

title: Ray Bridwell White


text:
Film Scoring/Creating the sound of joy

{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 60%; background-color: BlanchedAlmond; border: 1px solid #777777; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;"  |

This lesson

 * Tiny bells
 * In this lesson, you create moods using delicate rhythms.

 * The sound of repeating bells can create a mood such as "joy".

 * Using other instruments of the symphony orchestra, we can get other moods (such as "in a hurry") with delicate repeating patterns.

 * That is all we do in this lesson.

 * style="width: 40%; background-color: Lavender; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px; height: 200px;" |

Overview of film scoring
This lesson is the second of three lessons in film scoring for non-musicians (filmmakers).

1. Creating music with individual notes.

In the previous lesson, we learned that by using symphonic instruments in GarageBand, we can create many different moods with just a single note.

2. Creating music with rhythm.

In this lesson, we will learn that we can create moods with tiny rhythms.

3. Creating music with melody.

In the next lesson, we will learn to create moods with simple melodies.

Hopefully, soon, this lesson will be greatly expanded with lots of examples.
 * Someday soon...

For now, please go ahead and try it.

 * }

{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="width: 100%; background-color: LemonChiffon; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" rowspan="2" |

The next page

 * The first thing we will do is have a pop quiz.
 * Pop Quiz - GarageBand with symphony orchestra - delicate rhythms [[Image:Crystal Clear action forward.png|24px]]

 * }

title: Film Scoring/Creating the sound of joy


text:
Becco di Mezzodì

Becco di Mezzodì (2,603m) is a mountain of the Croda da Lago chain, a small mountain group in the central Dolomites. It is located above the resort of Cortina d'Ampezzo in Belluno, northern Italy. The mountain's name means Midday Peak in the local dialect, as the sun appears directly above the peak at midday from Cortina. The climb usually starts from the Refuge Croda da Lago on the road to the Giau Pass. Climbing gear and slings are required.

title: Becco di Mezzodì


text:
User:Ripper cashons

they say only perfect meets perfection, then having the freewill to live life as you please is of great importance- Ripper cashons

title: User:Ripper cashons


text:
Talk:The Trap (British TV series)

Third episode
Ok I've added a section on the third epsiode. I may have made a few typos and it would be good to add some links, but I think its important to leave most of it as it is. It is perfectly acceptable to say "Curtis argued that ..." include a contentious statement, and stay with Wikipedia NPOV. -confusedmiked

I added numerous pieces throughout the section on the 3rd episode earlier today, particularly about positive vs negative liberty, Iraq, and a stronger conclusion. They have since been edited and further clarified and expounded by others, which I appreciate, as they're excellent additions and correct some omissions I made. firstfox 21:34, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

Yeah, I agree with firstfox. I'm going to blow my own trumpet and say I wrote the bulk of the text on the 3rd episode, but the additons and corrections have all been very good. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Trap_%28television_documentary_series%29&diff=117961147&oldid=117952069 -confusedmiked

 * I'm changing the end of the ep 3 summary. Doesn't reflect the programme properly at all. Garrick92 12:16, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

 * just realised that the above comment looks a bit snotty. Wasn't meant to, apols if I was overblunt. Garrick92 09:55, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

Dawkins
I do think Curtis' film misrepresents Richard Dawkins' views on genes and how this relates to society. Dawkins has always been very careful and clear to distringuish between darwinism as a description of how animals evolve and darwinism as a way of running society. Curtis did not seem to me to make clear this distinction in the second episode. -confusedmiked

I agree - the Dawkins clips didn't really relate to the narrative, and you sense they were put there to make the straw man of Chagnon's arguments a bit stronger. I doubt Dawkins would agree with Chagnon's conclusions at all. EJBH (talk) 03:13, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

Page name
It's clearly incorrect to call it "The Trap (film)" for a number of reasons. Really it should be either "The Trap (documentary)" or "The Trap (TV series)" or "The Trap (TV documentary series)" since it is a three-part TV documentary series. At the very least, like most BBC series, it's a video production, not film. On top of that, it's actually being trailed by the BBC as The Trap - What Happened to Our Dream of Freedeom. Nick Cooper 13:24, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

"Nash Recants Earlier ideas"
The film does not show Nash recanting anything. He simply describes his former delusions with a degree of detachment. You can't 'recant' an illness. The film, by the way, is severely discredited by the way it uses Nash - he is deliberately filmed as a creepy wierd bogeyman, and the references to his schizophrenia are not relevant. Nash's mathematics were reviewed by his colleagues and in academic journals. These many reviewers found the mathematics to be compelling and innovative. There is an error of course in applying theories designed to model superpowers to secretaries, but that is not an error in game theory itself. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:01, 12 March 2007 (UTC).

 * You seem to have watched a different programme to me. Nash specify acknowledged that his illness made him unduly suspiscious of those around him, including work colleagues. It seems pretty valid to take this into account when looking at theories - devised by such a person - which are based on the assumption that all people are inherently selfish, self-interested, and.or hostile to each other.

 * Secondly, you must be unfamiliar with Curtis's work, since otherwise you would recognise the "rough-and-ready" (poorly-framed, unlit, etc.) nature of many interviews which appear in his other programmes, and indeed elsewhere in the first episode of The Trap. Viewed overall, there is little correlation between which "side" the interviewees are on, and how they are presented visually.

 * Lastly, Curtis did not question the mathematics, merely the assumptions they were based upon. You also seem confused about exactly what game the secretaries were asked to play. Nick Cooper 15:26, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

 * You just cross-posted and deleted my much longer reply which said exactly the same thing, for which thanks :¬) -- I will (re-)state one point that's worth addressing: the film does not steroetype Nash as a creepy weird bogeyman, although it characterises his work as (Curtis's phraase) "paranoid". That seems a straightforward and unadorned statement of fact. We would have no difficulty in recognising a paranoid belief system in the work of a Louis Wain for example, or a Richard Dadd, although the quality of the artistry remains praiseworthy and even exceptional. Why would one expect any deterioration in the ability of a paranoid mathematician? The only difference is that we can point, in terms of logic, at Nash's beliefs and state unhesitatingly that it rests on a faulty first premiss. Garrick92 15:37, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

 * That's a good reason why it's always a good idea to temporarily save major additions/amendments before hitting "Save" - you never know who might be editing the same page at the same time! Nick Cooper 17:17, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oh, in case there's any confusion about my intended tone in the above, my thanks were sincere - I waffle on far too much and you made the points far more succinctly. Thanks for the tip about copying; why didn't I think of that? Garrick92 16:45, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

Game Theory
Please note that Nash did not in anyway recant his Game Theory in the programme. What he did do was to say that one of the underlaying assumptions of Game Theory was incorrect, namely that people are entirely selfish in all their interactions.

Assuming that people ARE entirely selfish in their interactions, Game Theory describes very well the kinds of outcomes one would expect in various interactions between entirely selfish individuals.

The closing statement about psychopaths acting as predicted by the theories is interesting. The personality trait of Psychoticism is a measure of selfishness in a simplistic sense. It differs from individual and is higher in prison populations and extreme right wing politicians (think Hitler). It is also slightly higher than normal in 'normal' right wing politics, think republicans and conservatives. I'll find a correct reference and update the psychoticism article later. Tom Michael - Mostly Zen   ( talk ) 00:15, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Re Nash. Haven't we had this already? The article says film of an older and wiser Nash recanting his earlier ideas about people is also shown. Perhaps the article needs to be clearer on this distinction? I am going to make an edit, near the top of the article, to clear this up, maybe other people can gauge whether it helps. Garrick92 11:19, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I've re-ordered the principle bits about Nash, effectively putting them in the order they appear in the programme, i.e. "revealing" his condition after explaining what his theories were. Also tried to clear up exactly what he said in the more recent footage. Nick Cooper 11:52, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Luvverly. Much better. Garrick92 14:13, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

I came across this article, and I would really like to know the names of the actual experiments mentioned in this paragraph: "Curtis' narrations concludes with the observation that the game theory/free market model is now undergoing interrogation by economists who suspect a more irrational model of behaviour is appropriate and useful. In fact, in formal experiments the only people who behaved exactly according to the mathematical models created by game theory are economists themselves, and psychopaths." —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 20:26, 2 April 2007

Intro
Have re-edited the intro because there is no evidence for the claim that Cold Cold Heart was ever cancelled. Claims come from non-official websites. If it was cancelled, Mr Curtis did a miraculous job in getting an entirely new doc to transmission in under six months! Moreover the BBC's 2006 synopsis of CCH read as follows:

 * "Cold Cold Heart Adam Curtis, producer of the award-winning Power Of Nightmares, returns with a series of three one-hour films about the death of altruism and the collapse of trust – trust in politicians, trust in institutions and trust in ourselves, both in our minds and our bodies.".

- Which is precisely the summary, word for word, given to The Trap.

The Trap is in fact a re-edit of CCH. I defy anyone to argue otherwise.

For my money: the delay has been forced by problems with getting copyright release on the song Cold Cold Heart and the subsequent re-edit this problem has caused, but I have no direct evidence for this supposition, only logical inference. Take a look at the lyrics:

 * "I tried so hard my dear to show that you're my every dream. Yet youre afraid each thing I do is just some evil scheme. A memory from your lonesome past keeps us so far apart. Why cant I free your doubtful mind and melt your cold cold heart."

Garrick92 12:17, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

Citation needed for Thatcher statement
Whilst I agree with the statement about Thatcher dismantling as much of the welfare state as possible, I think some sort of citation is required for a statement such as this. Maybe something from here? --Tomhannen 10:07, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Errr ... I dunno abt that. The article is a summary of Curtis's claims. He said that was the case, the article describes his claim. I don't think we need to go double-sourcing everything and re-researching his narration -- that way lies wikimadness. If there are criticisms to be levelled at his research, or quibbles raised, then they surely need to go in a "criticism" section at the end (when they, inevitably, appear). What do others think? Garrick92 11:10, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Absolutely. It's a summary of what Curtis says in the programme, and so we no more need to reference it further than we would have to double-reference any counter-criticism (e.g. not only referencing an article that claims Thatcher didn't do that, but referencing the source of that claim, as well). Nick Cooper 11:32, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, you're right - sorry! --Tomhannen 14:40, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

 * But i would love to see a citation for the "psychopaths behave exactly as predicted"-claim at the end of part 2. Anyone ? Might it be in the work of Daniel Kahneman or his co-laureate Vernon L. Smith ? I'm searching...--  ExpImp talk con 04:29, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't want to turn this into a message board, but the google term you're scrabbling for is neuroeconomics. The following link might provide a few pointers (PDF) [ http://www.econ.nyu.edu/user/bisina/camerer_loewenstein_prelec.pdf]. Garrick92 15:19, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * i think he wasn't scrabbling for that term. i believe testing of economic behaviour on psychopaths is more behavioral- or experimental-economics than neuroeconomics (buzzword-alarm!) but i may be in error.--<IP_ADDRESS> 01:45, 24 March 2007 (UTC)

 * A google for  produced this and  this  as lead items... Garrick92 14:33, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

URLs for each episode
A previous user has added some URLs to watch the episodes online, which messed up the formatting of some of the section titles. I have corrected this, and placed the URLs in the External Links section. Since Adam Curtis regularly distributes his work online for download, I suspect it would be okay to keep these on this page, but others may have other (more expert) views on this. firstfox 14:17, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure of the validity of that. The programmes are BBC copyright, so unless the downloads are from their site, they should be a no-no. Nick Cooper 14:23, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * There are several brief excerpts from each of the two eps aired to date, on the BBC site, you could legitimately link to those if you want. Garrick92 15:21, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

Criticism of the Documentary
From Prospect magazine:

The Trap, the latest television essay by Adam Curtis, misunderstands a range of complex ideas, and is paranoid too

Max Steuer

Adam Curtis has received fulsome praise from some quarters for his three-part BBC2 series, The Trap. But this viewer is unable to follow suit. Broadly put, The Trap suggests that people in Britain and the US have fallen into a trap, one set partly by circumstances, especially the cold war, and partly by a few institutions, particularly those under the influence of the Rand Corporation. But the key instigators are a number of highly influential academics. Among these are the game theorists John Nash and Thomas Schelling and the economist James Buchanan. Curtis argues that figures like these, along with a host of researchers and teachers, bent on a crusade to quantify everything, have taken the heart out of society and left us fatally weakened and individually isolated. One lone dissenter, the psychologist Ronald Laing, figures prominently in the debate. Like much else in The Trap, this complex thinker is both resurrected and reduced to caricature—in this case, as a brave but hopelessly outnumbered defender of basic human values. All is suggestion. Little is spelled out. This is dense and fast-moving television, verging on the chaotic. The game theorists and Buchanan are two examples which illustrate the failings of Curtis’s style of analysis.

In the programme we see clips of James Buchanan maintaining that public figures in government and elsewhere have personal objectives, and do not ceaselessly strive for the public good. In other words, politicians are humans, like everyone else. Buchanan is hardly the first social scientist to suggest that an analysis that takes some account of the motives of politicians is likely to help in understanding their actions. Machiavelli suggested similar ideas centuries ago in the political realm, as did Adam Smith and the classical and neoclassical economic tradition with the concept of "economic man." But Curtis presents these ideas as something new, and adopts an extreme form of what is called reflexivity, the idea that by studying things we affect their behaviour. He argues that Buchanan and his ilk are responsible for the wicked and self-interested actions of politicians and others in public life. Curtis holds that the mere act of suggesting that self-interest plays a role in political life was enough to change politicians from dedicated public servants into control freaks. This goes beyond the bounds of acceptable naivety. It romanticises the past while misrepresenting the ideas it purports to explain.

The Trap argues that there was a time when a more generous spirit prevailed, before the trio of academics, quantifiers and technocrats got control. Trust and compassion are important elements in social life, and they ebb and flow in power over different periods. But it is odd to attribute these changes to the actions of a conspiracy of evil thinkers; academics do not have such power.

Curtis makes much play of game theorists as examples of the architects of the trap. But he misunderstands the concept; game theory does not mean that we should treat life as a competitive game. The heart of game theory is to suggest that in many instances there are strategic interactions between people, and that people, in choosing what to do, try to take account of the likely responses of others. Curtis sees these ideas as encouraging manipulative selfish action (although in fact most of the recent work in game theory has been about co-operation rather than competition). At the international level, he sees these ideas as perpetuating the cold war. Utopia is within our grasp, he suggests, but false prophets have tricked us into accepting a wasteland of alienation. This is plain silly. A better society is within our grasp, but Curtis is turning on just those people who have something to contribute to it. He greatly exaggerates the power of ideas, and at the same time almost wilfully misrepresents them. One way of characterising his basic misunderstanding is the old problem of confusing the message with the messenger.

There are important issues in our society regarding social responsibility, how we relate to each other, income inequality and the nature of the just society. These questions are not raised in our usual television fare. This is precisely why they should be addressed by public service television. Adam Curtis and BBC2 deserve much credit for keeping alive the idea of the ambitious, single-voice television essay. But there is something deeply worrying when the style of debate we are given plays with ideas without understanding them, and exploits our fascination with conspiracies. Difficult ideas take time to understand, and are not helped by fast cutting, the indiscriminate use of grainy documentary footage and suggestive music. Is this the work of a conspiracy, perpetrated by the friends of confusion?

 * Max Steuer is an economist associated with the Centre for Philosphy of Natural and Social Science at the London School of Economics. He edits the LSE Philosophy Papers.

 * In which case, it's strange how he seems to have made some fundamental misjudgements about what the first episode - which is clearly all he had seen - was saying! Nick Cooper 00:37, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I think it would be good to have a "Criticisms of "The Trap"" section for the sake of balance... A summary of this article and a URL to link to it could be part of it. --Tomhannen 10:07, 26 March 2007 (UTC) Just found the [URL] But it is subscription only...  --Tomhannen 10:21, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Yeah, this article really should include some critics. I just couldn't stand watching the first episode. The programme was so full of paranoia and conspiracy theory. The narrator even discredited Nash's outstanding achivements, based only on his unfortunate illness. -M —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 10:39, 8 July 2007

 * "In the programme we see clips of James Buchanan maintaining that public figures in government and elsewhere have personal objectives, and do not ceaselessly strive for the public good. In other words, politicians are humans, like everyone else." Great gad, talk about begging the question! Garrick92 11:17, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

 * It would be good to have a criticisms section, but, of course we have to adhere to NOR. The second programme seemed to me to be chock-full of non-sequitors and logic chopping. Most obvious was the leap from the discussion of game theory to the "selfish gene" model. Curtis seemed to think that these were interchangable, but the whole point of the selfish gene theory is to see selfishness at the level of the gene, not of the individual. It's designed to explain why individuals often behave unselfishly. The insertion of the Yanomamo debate was also very clumsy, as the real issues concerning that study and the disputes over it were obscured by his need to shoehorn the findings into his account of how economic man and darwinian man are one and the same. However we need to have someone other than ourselves making the criticism! Paul B 16:12, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The "selfish gene" confusion was not made in the programme - Curtis merely talked about reductionist models of human behaviour. There is perhaps a semantic confusion that might have been made by viewers ("selfish gene = selfish people"), but Curtis's narrative did not state that human beings were inherently selfish - the point was only that humans were widely supposed to behave in "robotic" ways. This was the interpretation of behaviour that tied in with the economic "game theory" models. It suggested that human behaviour could in fact map onto the Nash-based models. This seemed clear enough to me, for one. Garrick92 10:53, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The selfish gene confusion is strongly implied in the programme, and also appears explicitly in this article as it presently stands: "Later, however, the documentary gives evidence that cells are able to selectively replicate parts of DNA dependent on current needs, rather than robotically..." Cells replicate parts of DNA based on current needs in very much a robotic (i.e. environmentally determined) way, rather than on some kind of creative whim. Cells are not genes - here is the familiar confusion of levels. Cells do not replicate themselves without limit. They are, as Dawkins would put it, only survival machines, built by genes, but not identical to them. If it suits the genes to kill off or limit further division of the cell, so be it. This is all entirely consistent with the selfish gene perspective. Then there is this: "Such evidence detracts from the simplified economic models of human beings." How? earwicker 22:27, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not going to get into a big long argument about this, because it's not the place for it. H o w e v e r ... The selfish gene confusion is strongly implied in the programme - No, I honestly think you've *inferred* it. ""Such evidence detracts from the simplified economic models of human beings." How?" - I for one agree that this could be phrased better. Curtis is explaining that the simplified popular "DNA = program, human = computer" model is not as straightforward as all that, which doesn't demolish - but does detract from - the "robot human" argument. It's one thing to argue that human behaviour is essentially pre-determined by a genetic "program", but another to continue to hold that belief in the face of the fact that the "computer" decides which bits of the program to use. I didn't have a problem with Curtis not being too precise about genetics: his programme isn't *about* genetics but about the impact of economic models and theories of human nature on Western culture and society. I think perhaps you'd have liked Curtis to have made another documentary altogether! All that said, why not source some criticisms that echo your complaints and then post them? Garrick92 09:20, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

There are bound to be many criticisms of this movie. Curtis gets some overall ideas correct, but really misses some very key points. Neither Hayek nor any Austrian economist really counts on all humans as being selfish in the general since. They only count on "selfishness" as being the individual's own self-interest. But that self-interest can be anything, including charity and generosity to others. Austrian economics is unique in that it does not depend on any model of human behavior, but only human action. If anything, Austrian Economists count on altruism being a part of human nature, because they often call for private charities to replace government welfare. Also, the idea that negative freedom has increased in the US in the past 50 years or so is completely incorrect in terms of the economy (but not civil rights); the opposite has occurred. <IP_ADDRESS> 06:49, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

Seems like just another pseudo-intellectual justification for the "nanny state". If this were a real attempt at an unbiased examination of the facts [a DOCUMENTARY], I would feel it is worth refuting. As it is, it is just politically motivated garbage. I'm not sure why some intellectuals work so hard to denigrate the concept of freedom. Incidentally, I think Curtis should address the theory that intellectuals usually back totalitarian governments, as the state needs them to maintain control, and the intellectuals benefit by favoritism from the state [Catholic church in medieval times anyone?]. Of course, that would be just too ironic wouldn't it? Gregvs3 (talk) 01:55, 22 April 2009 (UTC)

DVD Release
So they have all aired in the UK, when will they be available for purchase on amazon? I am in Australia and want this pronto. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 18:55, 26 March 2007

 * Much of Curtis' work is pretty heavy on the use of archive footage, and he usually can only get clearance for inclusion and broadcast, not resale (eg, via DVD). Very often he puts his work up for download, and I am aware that the first two episodes are already available via indybay.com (or .org?). The URLs are on a previous edit of the page, but due to copyright reasons, it was agreed to remove them from the main page. Either hunt around the edits, or do a search on Indybay... firstfox 21:37, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I would think any sort of official release is very unlikely. Even the abridged version of The Power of Nightmares didn't get one, although the full series did get screened by SBS in Australia, so it's very probable that The Trap will be as well. Nick Cooper 22:40, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Hi Nick, think we've encountered before… hope everything bodes well… as for the Trap, if nowhere else, one can explore it at youtube, and bbc, of course... Lovelight 23:28, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

Ratings
I've resited this section and put the figures into the actual context of when the series was shown. "Commercial success" isn't a valid description for a channel that is not funded by advertising, and overall - with the exception of Top Gear - BBC2 programmes rarely exceed 4 million viewers. In fact, a 6% audience shared for a documentary on BBC2 in that timeslot is actually pretty damn good! Nick Cooper 23:15, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

minor change - just providing citation
Changed Police in North of England to Lothian and Borders Police. (Lothian and Borders is part of Scotland) http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/index.cfm?id=675182002 <IP_ADDRESS> 12:05, 27 March 2007 (UTC)G<IP_ADDRESS> 12:05, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Films?
Someone has tagged The Trap as part of this project, which it clearly can't be, as it's a television series (i.e. not just a single programme), not a film. Clearly this should be removed and replaced with WikiProject Television, but I'm not up on the protocol of doing that, so can someone who does do so? Nick Cooper 13:19, 27 March 2007 (UTC)
 * ✅ Done Jonpatterns (talk) 17:24, 4 September 2014 (UTC)

Discussion of Style?
Would the article benefit from a section on the style of the film(s)? It's one of the most striking things about it, as with Curtis's previous work. At the moment, the article just reproduces the polemical content. Curtis is at least partly a humourous documentary maker, and someone who enjoys putting together a film that works aesthetically, using fast cutting, between footage and concepts. See the interview snippets in this article: http://www.guardian.co.uk/saturday/story/0,,2025578,00.html - it's as if he has primarily set himself an artistic challenge: how many strands of thought can he weave together and still give an impression of a coherent argument? It's the impression that matters, rather than actual intellectual consistency. He is not necessarily telling us what he believes: ''"I love the BBC," Curtis says. "It's so complex that no-one can control it. My job is to swim in the chaos and use it to my advantage."'' That is, he is a cynical self-interested individual taking advantage of an overgrown bureaucracy! Also he talks about how he is "affectionately spoofing" the conspiracy theorists - there's certainly a flavour of Oliver Stone's JFK in this series. Personally I found the multi-stranded argument very weak for most of the film, and yet still admired the filmmaking style. It's the one thing he gets right, so I think it deserves some coverage. earwicker 22:55, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I think earwicker makes a good point. Many have critiqued Curtis's arguments as historically unsound or philosophically misleading. Yet his films have always made a big impact because his editing style juggles ideas & images in a way that is always watchable, often humorous. In particular, his use of "stock footage" (eg U.S. suburbia in the 1950s, Arabian genies appearing out of bottles) vividly conveys a subjective dimension to history: our awareness of the issues of economic freedom and jihadist terrorism is bound up with imagery from popular culture and there is an 'unconscious' dimension to many of these arguments. Mick gold 09:12, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Totally disagree, FWIW. If there are points to be made about Curtis's montage style, they don't belong in this article but in the Adam Curtis entry itself. I also think a lot of the criticisms of Curtis raised above are meretricious. There are certainly criticisms to be made of some of Curtis's logic (for example, did people refuse to support the Iraq invasion because distrust of politicians had gone mainstream, as Curtis suggested? Or was it simply because the public is not quite as gullible as Blair liked to think?). Dragging Oliver Stone into it and attempting to tar Curtis with the "conspiracy theory" brush is just irrelevant and irrational. Garrick92 09:25, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree, all of Curtis's work is stylistically similar, at least as far back as Pandora's Box. It would be silly to go into too much detail on that style here - and on all the other individual series/programme pages - rather than keep it to Adam Curtis. Nick Cooper 09:33, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

Spelling of Antony Jay
In episode 1, the graphic for Antony Jay (creator of Yes Minister) spells his name "Anthony". The wikipedia entry uses Antony so I have gone with that. I'll post a query on the relevant talk page. --Tomhannen 10:53, 30 March 2007 (UTC)

The music
music listed is wrong, The Thing is not featured at all (morricone), 2 tracks created by John Carpenter are included however. Overture from Tannhauser isnt included either. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:16, 1 April 2007 (UTC).

Article Title
I think that the title of the article as it currently is (The Trap (television documentary series)), is not very good. In my opinion, it should be renamed to The Trap: What Happened to Our Dream of Freedom. This is the title of the documentary series and it is only slightly longer (by 7 letters) then the current name. Who agrees? --Hibernian 14:05, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

 * If we go by the Radio Times, it should have a hyphen, not a colon. I'm in two minds on this one, as Curtis's series often have sub or secondary titles. Each episode of Pandora's Box, for example, is A fable from the age of science, while The Living Dead is Three films about the power of the past. These are essentially descriptive of what each programme/series is, rather than a "title" in the normal sense of the word, and the same applies to The Trap. Nick Cooper 07:17, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, whether it's a hyphen or a colon is a trivial matter, that can be worked out easily (BTW I did a quick Google search and either version has exactly the same amount of hits, so there seems to be no preference in that area). The main point is, should we name the article after the film(s), or have this convoluted description? I'm not sure what you mean by it having multiple titles, each episode has it's own title (which are already listed in the article) but the series as a whole defiantly only has one name. The Trap: What Happened to Our Dream of Freedom, was used as the title at the start of every episode and it was also advertised as that, so I don't think there's any confusion about that. --Hibernian 23:53, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

 * You're missing the point. "THE TRAP" appears as a single frame caption. There is then a second caption saying WHAT HAPPENED TO OUR DREAM OF FREEDOM. Conversely, "THE LIVING DEAD" appears as a single caption, then below it fades in, "Three Films about the power of the Past". Then we have "THE POWER OF NIGHTMARES" followed by "THE RISE OF THE POLITICS OF FEAR" in a second separate caption. The Trap is unusual in that the secondary title/description has appeared in listings magazines, but based on how they appear on screen, there is ambiguity as to whether it is part of the title proper. Even with The Living Dead, where both elements do appear on screen at the same time, they are still effectively separated by one part being in capitals and the other in sentence case. Going on past examples of Curtis's work - and how it is treated on Wikipedia - we cannot regard "What happened to our dream of freedom" as anything but a secondary or sub-title, and treat it as such. Nick Cooper 07:55, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, I don't quite accept that, but even if you're not willing to put that full title in, then can we at-least get rid of convoluted current title? I mean "The Trap (television documentary series)" has got to be one of the most unnecessarily long article titles on Wikipedia! Can we not just drop that overly descriptive stuff and call it "The Trap (documentary)", or something of that nature? --Hibernian 14:37, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

 * First off, please keep in mind that the article title is hardly the most important part of the article. Unless there is a good reason to change the name, let's just leave it so that we don't end up with a bunch of double redirects. Why should we care what colour the bikeshed is?
 * That said, if you're trying to find the most fitting name, you might want to consider seeking the official name from the producers before asking for Wikipedians' opinions and speculations. --Swift 04:26, 15 April 2007 (UTC)
 * ✅ Done Jonpatterns (talk) 17:24, 4 September 2014 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:The trap episode1 nash.jpg
Image:The trap episode1 nash.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 05:23, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:The trap episode2 chagnon.jpg
Image:The trap episode2 chagnon.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 05:23, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:The trap screenshot.PNG
Image:The trap screenshot.PNG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 05:24, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Thetrap episode1 laing.jpg
Image:Thetrap episode1 laing.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 02:33, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Thetrap episode3 isaiah berlin.jpg
Image:Thetrap episode3 isaiah berlin.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

BetacommandBot (talk) 02:34, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Name of first episode - clarification
Understandable confusion has arisen: the Nash game is known as So Long Sucker or Fuck Your Buddy, but for whatever reason the BBC chose Fuck You Buddy as the title of the episode. There have been repeated attempts to harmonise these on Wikipedia, either by changing the name of the game or, more recently, by changing the name of the episode. It might seem more elegant to make such changes, but the historical reality shows this small, but I feel significant, difference. Testbed (talk) 16:39, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

The 'so called reign of terror'
I'm taking out the 'so called', because its the tantamount to saying - the so called second world war, or the so called Glorious Revolution. It might be best to keep this unbiased. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jackdelyelis (talk • contribs) 20:23, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

 * You seem to be implying that the term "so called" has purely negative connotations, which it does not automatically. It depends on the context. One could say, "This was the work of Theodore Kaczynski, the so called 'Unabomber'..." as a synonym of "(also) known as..." Nick Cooper (talk) 07:25, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

Marc Summers credit?
Marc Summers was shown (along with his name) in a video used in episode two. Should he be among those credited? Orville Eastland (talk) 03:15, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

"POV" in the episode summaries
A couple of weeks ago User:Larklight edited some of the episode summaries citing NPOV issues, but to me it seems that the POV is an accurate reflection of the POV in the documentary itself, ie, the summaries were a neutral description of the contents of the documentary, and any POV should be in the article for the summaries to be correct. As such I reinstated the summaries as they were previously. In the interest of making the article less POV'ed it would be good to add more on the reception of the documentary (as touched upon above, as the article is rather heavy on the summary of the contents itself right now. Siawase (talk) 11:22, 1 November 2008 (UTC)

Possible issue with Featured Music
This section seems to be a case of WP:INDISCRIMINATE - it lists music that, while in the programme, is not the focus of it.Autarch (talk) 17:47, 20 July 2010 (UTC)

Warning Labels for Episode Summaries
Curtis often greatly misunderstands the ideas he claims to explore. I hate reading the summaries because many sentences merely restate Curtis' claims. I understand it would be awkward to reword it so that every sentence is as skeptical as I'd like it to be. As an alternative, I believe we need section headings which remind the reader that this section is not neutral or fact-checked like other parts of wikipedia. What have other articles summarizing questionable sources done? --RedHouse18 23:03, 1 November 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by RedHouse18 (talk • contribs)
 * I think you're wrong. The purpose of the summaries is to describe what the episodes say, not to confirm or refute them. To do so would clearly be original research. Nick Cooper (talk) 01:05, 2 November 2011 (UTC)

First Episode title: F*** You Buddy vs F*** Your Buddy
As I first posted here in 2008, understandable confusion has arisen: the Nash game is known as So Long Sucker or Fuck Your Buddy, but for whatever reason the BBC chose Fuck You Buddy as the title of the episode. There have been repeated attempts to harmonise these on Wikipedia, either by changing the name of the game or, more recently, by changing the name of the episode. It might seem more elegant to make such changes, but the historical reality shows this small, but I feel significant, difference.

The title of the episode is (correctly) F*** You Buddy but when describing the game itself, the correct name is (see So Long Sucker for the reference) F*** Your Buddy. I have therefore changed this back in the body of the article. Testbed (talk) 05:54, 25 May 2012 (UTC)

Contributor/ Featured
The sections labelled 'contributors' are mis-titled in my opinion. For example, using a clip of Richard Dawkins in 1987 does not mean Dawkins has contributed in an active way. I proposed that the sections be retitled 'Featured', as this does not imply active participation. Jonpatterns (talk) 17:24, 4 September 2014 (UTC)

"The Trap (television documentary series" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect The Trap (television documentary series and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 October 27 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Steel1943 (talk) 19:09, 27 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Trap (British TV series)


text:
Urozhayny, Pavlovsky District, Altai Krai

Urozhayny (Урожайный) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Komsomolsky Selsoviet, Pavlovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 463 as of 2013. There are 8 streets.

Geography
Urozhayny is located 18 km southeast of Pavlovsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Prutskoy is the nearest rural locality.


text:
William T. Lamont

William T. Lamont (November 27, 1830 – February 12, 1908) was an American merchant and politician from New York.

Life
Lamont was born on November 27, 1830, in Charlotteville, New York, the son of Thomas W. Lamont. He moved to Richmondville in 1859.

Lamont attended the New York Conference in Charlotteville. He worked as a dealer of produce and stock. He served as a town supervisor for two years, a member of the board of education for several years, and trustee and treasurer of the village of Charlotteville.

In 1891, Lamont was elected to the New York State Assembly as a Democrat, representing Schoharie County. He served in the Assembly in 1892.

Lamont married Mary Rogers of Massachusetts in 1859. They had three children, Ella, Wilbur F., and W. Stanley. His second wife was Adeline Smith. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Lamont died at home on February 12, 1908. He was buried in the Town of Catskill Cemetery.

title: William T. Lamont


text:
User:Coldreamer

Amara Tari

{Short description|Kenyan Musician}} ! '''Born' !! Daisy Chepchichir Ruto November 9th, 1995 (age 24) Kericho, Kenya

 * '''Occupation' ||
 * Singer
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 * Migwa Nthiga
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 * Colossal Dream Entertainment
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 * }

Daisy Chepchichir Ruto aka Amara Tari was born on 9th November 1995 in Kericho to Cecilia Ruto ( a businesswoman) and Samuel Tiampati . Amara has an older brother (Collins Maritim).Her early childhood year started from New Zealand because her Mother was running a tea and coffee export business then and she attributes her fluency in the English Language to that. As a child, Amara Tari stood-out and was retained to do TV commercials and Her Mother refered to her as a "parrot", picking up any and all TV commercial jingles the. At the age of 8, while at a boarding school, Amara had her first public singing performance, singing  we belong together by Mariah Carey during the entertainment period in for almost 300 students and that's when she realized she could actually sing.

Amara Tari attended several different schools throughout her life especially from the time she came back to Kenya; from a  primary school in Nakuru (I forget the name) to Juja St. Peter’s Boarding School;  }},  in Mombasa for the remainder of her  high school ‘O-Levels’. she later took a 2 year gap to figure out what she wanted to do with her life, during which time she settled on music, but went ahead and joined  to pursue a Bachelor’s Degree in Tourism Management and Development.

Through her Musical Mentor "and helped her come up with her musical Name; Initially she called herself Days, and Kagwe Mungai  suggested the name Amara Tari. The name Amara is a name commonly given to artistically gifted females, and Tari means star / love / ha-tari which is dangerous. Put together you get,A musical force to be reckoned with.

In 2015, Amara Tari with the help of her brother Collins Maritim and a friend Amy Kipingor organised a concert at this year 2020. Amara Tari plays the main role in the series.

'''Modelling' Amara Tari started modelling at the age of 16 when she participated in her first high school pageant. At 17 she was signed to her first ever agency - Surazuri Models - and soon after landed her first commercial with Coca Cola for their Africa Lets Go Crazy Campaign, which lasted for about a year.

Later she participated in the Mr and Miss USIU- Africa pageant, to try push herself out of her comfort zone, which became a stepping stone to her participation in the Miss Universe Kenya 2018 pageant , placing in the top 5.she has also done work with brands likeSarova Group of Hotels, Atua Enkop, and the designer SaraKaray

'''Advocacy' Amara Tari is passionate about advocating for Mental Health because there is a lot of misconceptions and stigma surrounding it. Her interest is to create a system where trained individuals can give back to the homeless - especially children, the elderly, and the injured or sick - in an internship/attachment type of setting.

title: User:Coldreamer


text:
User:Scientist George

Greetings. They know me as Scientist George. At least on Netbattle... But that's not the point. I am intrested in all forms of science, not the least of which being Cryptozoology. Well, that's all I have to say for now.

title: User:Scientist George


text:
parlar

Etymology
Borrowed from Gallo-Romance (cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from.

Verb

 * 1) to speak

Etymology
, from. .

Verb

 * 1)  to speak to communicate with one's voice
 * 2)  to speak to deliver a message to a group; to deliver a speech
 * 3) to talk about, to mention, to address
 * 4)  to speak to be able to communicate in a language

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to speak
 * 2) to say
 * 1) to say

Etymology
From, borrowed from Gallo-Romance (cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from.

Verb

 * 1) to chat

Etymology
Formed from Romance descendants of.

Verb

 * 1) to speak
 * 2) to talk

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1) to speak

Etymology
Borrowed from Gallo-Romance (cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from.

Verb

 * 1)  to chat

Etymology
Borrowed from Gallo-Romance (cf. 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from.

Verb

 * 1)  to speak
 * 2)  to chatter
 * 1)  to chatter

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to speak

title: parlar


text:
Brokenstraw

Brokenstraw may refer to:

 * Brokenstraw Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River
 * Brokenstraw Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania

title: Brokenstraw


text:
Jac Maris

Jac Maris (21 February 1900 – 5 April 1996) was a Dutch sculptor. His work was part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

title: Jac Maris


text:
Talk:Video Game Design/Programming

I would recommend that the title be changed to "Game Engine Design and Programming" since "Game Design" is a completely different topic more akin to level design, etc. Random

Game Design AND Programming is entirely too much material to bite off in one 'book' unless it is going to be a broad survey. There doesn't seem to be much activity going on here so if nobody objects I'll likely re-structure this considerably. Geared 23:44, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Game Design AND Programming is indeed quite a task...perhaps this article should be either merged with "Video Game Design", and then split into more sections, or there should be some discussion as to which level of abstraction each article should approach the subject matter on...Both articles contain sections on "Input", which is quite specific, but (until a moment ago) neither contained a section on "Level Design". Perhaps one article should cover the creative process, marketing, etc., while the other contain more technical specifics, such as program structure, hardware considerations, or commonly used algorithms. Either way, some level of collaboration seems necessary between these two articles. DarkPhoenix32 05:49, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

I believe as there is another book on Design, we should remove the "design" topic from this book entirely. This book should focus on the programming side, and implementing levels of ANY kind. Design is enough of a task for that separate book. If there are no objections, does anyone want to do the honors of renaming the book, or should I? (I'll do it if there aren't any objections in a week) Thanks, NinjaSkitch (talk) 06:17, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

Also, just a proposal to see who is for or against this idea, how many of you would want to turn this book into cross-platform game development? For two reasons: the first being that it's already been started (with C++ and OpenAL) and it would address programmers of every OS, and the second is, if this is going to be a reference for future programmers, wouldn't we as a community want to support openness and compatibility (OpenGL, OpenAL, SDL rather than *gasp* Windows-only C# and DirectX)? Let's get a little vote going, please add your sig. to the For or Against list to see how popular or unpopular this idea is:

Yes! (Cross-platform game programming)
 * 1) NinjaSkitch (talk) 06:35, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

No!

Development stage review
Hi. I just reviewed your book about Game Design and Programming, see Help:Development stages. It is a promising start. I would suggest to convert the table of contents from a list of headings == title... == to a plain list, if you use those titles as links to other pages anyway. --Andreas Ipp 00:08, 13 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Request for contributions
Hi, i'm busy trying to add some substance to this wikibook because I think it was off to a good start. If anyone has anything to contribute, be it tutorials, code snips, pictures, even laymans explanations of the various concepts, please do. I think this wikibook could be awesome!

--afroToad 14:13, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm definitely interested, and am going to contribute as much as I can. I think this is a great idea--there aren't many good places for potential game programmers to start, because most game source is kept secret. Also, I don't think there's any reason we can't give examples in multiple languages, maybe even UML. Since there is no one way to make a game though, this does pose another question: should this book focus on the design and structure of an ideal game engine? One that's abstracted to make any type of game? In my opinion, we have to go from a broad spectrum down to narrow modules: The main book could contain detailed descriptions of how a game engine works. Then for each module, Networking, Input, Cameras, etc, we could focus on different options, (Winsock and SDL_net, DirectX and OpenGL) along with examples in a couple different languages. NinjaSkitch (talk) 04:24, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

Cleanup
Loads of cleanup needs to be done, and a lot more needs to be added. I'll try and contribute whenever I feel like.

--GatesPlusPlus 09:41, 1 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Don't know know why I'm on this talk page (or every other talk page lol), but this is something I am very interested in. As a side note, has anyone here seen the article on Blender 3D? It is quite brilliant, in particular have a look at Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Game Engine Basics

--Andy 12:25, 12 September 2007

I suggest just deleting this wikibook as there's basically nothing useful and there's lots of misinformation.

 * I suggest giving it some time, because it has the potential to be a very good resource for beginner game developers. There aren't many free resources out there. I just happened to find it recently, and I'm presently adding content. If this one is deleted, one will simply start up again anyway, so there's no point in getting rid of it just yet. Bear with us. NinjaSkitch (talk) 05:07, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Video Game Design/Programming


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dan Etheridge

The result of the debate was delete. Mailer Diablo 02:04, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Dan Etheridge

 * Delete: My name is Dan Etheridge, and I'm not entirely sure how my details got logged onto Wiipedia in the first place. Flattering as it is, I would agree that I'm a non notable, so do delete me... but surely you must have heard of Derrick Evans, my good friend?

Non-notable biography. db-bio tag deleted without comment. Weregerbil 13:30, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete as non-notable. --Ed (Edgar181) 14:08, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Don't delete as Mr Etheridge is an integral person in the Soul Action and Soul Survivor charity. His ongoing work and research into social injustice is important for the devloping world. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs)

 * Delete the article seems to be mainly a list of the reasons why Mr. Etheridge is non-notable. Makes its own case. Gwernol 14:47, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete as non-notable. The article is not about his charitable work. The article describes an amateur DJ and record collector, and does not establish notability. Fan1967 14:49, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete pretty much just vanity.--B.U. Football For Life|Talk 15:50, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete -Andrewduffell 21:08, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete Irrelevant. Befriending someone as an achievement reads as groupie talk, not as a reason for inclusion here. Evillan 21:33, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.  OhNo itsJamie Talk 23:12, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. --Khoikhoi 04:12, 25 March 2006 (UTC)


text:
2D Animation process

There are two major forms of animation: 2D (hand-drawn, or computer assisted) and 3D (CGI). This page focuses on 2D animation.

The overall process of creating a 2D animation is divided into three parts: pre-production, production, and post-production.

Pre-Production
Pre-production involves establishing the plot of the completed animation. Because each shot in animation is so labor-intensive, it's imperative to get shots right during Pre -production. Re-animating a shot (because a character uses knowledge not gained until later in the story, for example) is very expensive, especially compared to live-action filming.

Most animations are story boarded, in which the main action in each scene is drawn in a comic book-like form. Storyboards are usually pasted on large foam-core or poster board sheets, which can be quickly read through by the staff. During pre-production, the staff reviews the storyboard for consistency, and parts of the storyboard may be redrawn multiple times.

In North America, the dialogue for the animation is recorded during pre-production. It's then provided to the animators so they can draw mouth movements to precisely match the dialogue spoken by the actors. In other parts of the world (most notably in Asia), the dialogue is recorded during production as the actors follow along with the rough animation.

Production
Each shot in a 2D animation involves multiple single drawings of characters(although some computer programs such as 'Anime Studio', can create characters much like puppets, which can be posed at different keyframes, and the computer moves the character between those keyframes). To demonstrate the concept, think of a still camera that can take many photographs in rapid succession. Imagine aiming that camera at a person and taking many quick photographs as the person walks towards you. Each photograph corresponds to an individual drawing in an animation.

A shot may contain only one drawing (especially in "limited animation" forms like anime), but usually contain about ten to twenty drawings. These drawings are divided into "keys" and "in-betweens." Keys are important drawings that convey the extremes of the character's movement--the first drawing is almost always a key--while in-betweens (or "tweens") are the remaining, less important drawings in the shot.

Typically, each drawing begins with a sketch, in pencil, of the character's pose. This drawing is then cleaned up in ink, though this is not always done; Disney went through a period in which this step was skipped, as is most clearly visible in the original 101 Dalmations. Skipping the inking step was thought to make the animation look more vibrant and alive, but critics and audiences didn't like the look.

This is the point at which computers often step in. Some companies hand-ink each drawing, writing over the cleaned pencil lines with a pen. Others--especially studios whose artists can draw very clean pencil lines--will scan the pencils directly into the computer, then ink the drawing digitally.

The drawing is now considered a "cel." Before computers, the drawing would now be photocopied onto a sheet of clear celluoid or acetate, then hand-painted. This created a "cel," which was placed on top of a background painting and filmed with the click of a film camera. Cels are still highly prized by collectors, though few true cels remain. Many of those on the market are reproductions.

Today, the digital cels are colored on a computer. Meanwhile, a background is drawn (on the computer, or hand-drawn and scanned). The background is imported into an animation program, and each cel is layered onto the background in succession. This is then saved on the computer as a single video file.

In practice, the keys are usually drawn by a top animator, and these are then scanned and assembled into a "rough cut" of the shot while the keys are given to a junior animator, who will draw the tweens. The film can then be assembled during production, and junior animators can be directed in small adjustments to improve the flow of each shot and scene. In Asia, this is typically when dialog is recorded, so that the junior animators can match the tweens to the vocal performance.

Post-Production
This is the last stage. It includes audio-visual editing in specific editing software and rendering the final output. Even after all the tweens have been colored and added to the animation, the film is far from complete. There's still music and sound effects to be added, as well as visual effects (glows, hazes, etc.). The animation also may need to be edited in the more traditional film sense; shots cut slightly short or held longer, even scenes cut entirely. It's said that one famous anime series (Gundam Seed) changed its ending when the primary actor broke down during recording, and new animation was hastily drawn, colored, and incorporated into the final minutes of the show.

Contact your instructor

 * Your instructor for this class is Brent P. Newhall. To email me, simply @undefined.  [[Image:Crystal Clear app xfmail.png|32px]]

 * }

title: 2D Animation process


text:
User:Bluemofia

Boo! I hate my name in red.

Proud member of CFC, UD, Cyber Nations, AstroEmpires, etc.

[http://www.cybernations.net Join Cyber Nations! Now with 100% more domiNATION!]

title: User:Bluemofia


text:
Talk:Autostop (Anna Vissi and the Epikouri song)

Untitled
Interesting, "autostop" is also the French word for hitch-hiking. Makes sense: auto=car, stop=stop. :) Stevage 08:38, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

 * And in Polish and in numerous other languages... (see the "hitchhiking" article) - this has already caused some (ahem!) controversy... Bravada, talk - 11:13, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

YouTube links
This article is one of thousands on Wikipedia that have a link to YouTube in it. Based on the External links policy, most of these should probably be removed. I'm putting this message here, on this talk page, to request the regular editors take a look at the link and make sure it doesn't violate policy. In short: 1. 99% of the time YouTube should not be used as a source. 2. We must not link to material that violates someones copyright. If you are not sure if the link on this article should be removed or you would like to help spread this message contact us on this page. Thanks, ---J.S (t|c) 03:20, 10 November 2006 (UTC)

Article protected
This article is one in a series that has been subjected to disruptive editing for several months. Accordingly, it has been semi-protected for a like term. Logged in contributors who have been autoconfirmed are still able to edit the article. If you are not registered or autoconfirmed, you can still request that an edit be made to this article at this talk page. If the talk page is not active, you can place editsemiprotected (brackets and all) next to your suggestion, and another editor will soon review your request. See Protection policy for more information. --Moonriddengirl (talk) 21:20, 31 October 2009 (UTC)


text:
User:AzazeltiT (Titlezaza)/sandbox/3XX

=AsiaVision Song Contest=

Participation
Last Update : 45th Contest

title: User:AzazeltiT (Titlezaza)/sandbox/3XX


text:
Inventions and Their Management

Inventions and Their Management is a science book by Alf K. Berle and L. Sprague de Camp. It was based on A Course on Inventing and Patenting by Howard Wilcox and Alf K. Berle, a series of nine papers presented by New York University in cooperation with Inventors Foundation, Inc., issued from 1933-1934. The Berle/de Camp version was published by the International Textbook Company in July 1937. It was reprinted, revised, in September 1940. A second edition was issued by the same publisher in April 1947 and was reprinted, revised, in January 1948, with a third printing in June 1948 and a fourth in June 1950. A third edition was issued by the same publisher in November 1951 and was reprinted, revised, in 1954. An additional printing was issued by Laurel Publishing in 1957. The work was revised and reissued under the new title Inventions, Patents, and Their Management by Van Nostrand in 1959. It was reprinted by Litton Educational publishers in 1968. The work has been translated into Japanese.

First edition
The book contains a comprehensive study of invention as it relates to patents and patent law, trademarks, and copyright in the United States, with extensive exploration and citation of relevant court cases. It "aims to present a coordinated treatment of the problems confronting inventors and business men in developing ideas into industrial property of value." The stated intention is "to guide inventors in every aspect of their work, and to help them over the difficulties other inventors have met. It also teaches the language of invention, which is used by those attorneys, engineers, and executives who work extensively in this field, and, by giving a grasp of the legal, technical, and commercial terms having to do with invention, enables an inventor to understand these people and to make himself understood by them." "The cases that are narrated are taken from the actual experience of inventors, and of business men and attorneys who have dealt with inventions. They are selected to help clear up important points, and also to bring out the fact that every invention development or case differs from all others, and requires intelligent individual handling.

Second edition
The stated object of the second edition "is to present in a single volume the principles and practices governing the technical, legal, and business procedures of invention, and thus to guide the many men and women who undertake to raise our standards of living by creative thought." According to the preface, "[t]he principal changes have been a discussion of the Lanham Act and the important influence it will have on U. S. trade-mark law when it goes into effect in 1947, and a new chapter on trends in industrial research and invention."

Contents
From the third impression of the second edition.

 * Preface.
 * Chapter 1. History and Theory of Protection of Ideas; The Profession of Inventing; Forgie Jack Case.
 * Chapter 2. Invention Procedure and Records; Piccoli Light-Switch Case.
 * Chapter 3. What a Patent Grants; Jurisdiction of the Courts; Berliner Phonograph Case.
 * Chapter 4. The United States Patent Office.
 * Chapter 5. Sample Patents.
 * Chapter 6. The Patent Laws; Limitations of Patents.
 * Chapter 7. Patentable and Unpatentable Invention; Parker Turbine Case; Slawson Fare Box Case; Luks Dairy Apparatus Case; Reckendorfer Pencil Case; Morton Anesthetics Case.
 * Chapter 8. Novelty; Claude Sea-Power Case.
 * Chapter 9. Utility.
 * Chapter 10. Public Use and Sale; Creager Roller Case.
 * Chapter 11. Abandonment; Edison Lamp Case.
 * Chapter 12. The Inventive Process; Calthorp Streamlined Train Case; Roters Heater Case.
 * Chapter 13. Selection of a Patent Attorney; Segal Lock Case.
 * Chapter 14. Analyzing, Classifying, and Bounding Inventions; Exeter Calculator Case.
 * Chapter 15. Patent Searches; Clark Navigator Case.
 * Chapter 16. Reading of Patents; Elsenheimer Punch Case; Wilkins Welder Case.
 * Chapter 17. Study of the Market; Rainer Plating-Machine Case.
 * Chapter 18. Preparation of Patent Applications; Haskin Rack Case.
 * Chapter 19. Patent Drafting.
 * Chapter 20. Prosecution of Patent Applications.
 * Chapter 21. Study of the Product; Kendrick Pipe Case.
 * Chapter 22. How Income from a Patent is Divided.
 * Chapter 23. Employer-Employee Rights and Relations; Lowell Radio Case.
 * Chapter 24. Promoters and Sales Agents.
 * Chapter 25. Methods of Exploiting Inventions; Practicing the Invention.
 * Chapter 26. Evaluating a Patent; Simon Electrotyping Case.
 * Chapter 27. Finding a Buyer for a Patent.
 * Chapter 28. The Sale of a Patent; Morehouse Toy Case.
 * Chapter 29. Royalty Licenses; Holtzoff Disk Wheel Case.
 * Chapter 30. Miscellaneous Methods of Exploiting Inventions; McCarthy Recordak Case; Ford Automobile Case.
 * Chapter 31. Infringement; Selden Automobile Case.
 * Chapter 32. Trade-Marks; Gilmore Trade-Mark Case.
 * Chapter 33. Copyrights; Disney Cartoon Case.
 * Chapter 34. Prints and Labels; Hodell Tire-Chain Case.
 * Chapter 35. Accounting and Taxes in Relation to Patents.
 * Chapter 36. The Antitrust Laws v. The Patent Laws; Johnson Paper Case.
 * Chapter 37. Special Classes of Patents; Huron Meter Case.
 * Chapter 38. Foreign Patents.
 * Chapter 39. Patent and Trade-Mark Reform.
 * Chapter 40. Invention and Research in Industry.
 * Appendix.
 * Glossary.
 * Index and List of Cases.

Significance in the career of de Camp
Inventions and Their Management was L. Sprague de Camp's first book; he went on to become a prominent science fiction and fantasy writer, as well as authoring a large number of additional non-fiction works.

title: Inventions and Their Management


text:
Expedition League

The Expedition League was a collegiate summer baseball league in the Great Plains region of the United States and Canada. The league was founded in 2015 in Rapid City, South Dakota, by Steve Wagner, who also served as president. The league's inaugural season was 2018 with eight teams.

Teams played a 64-game season from late May through the beginning of August. Playoffs took place in the second week of August with teams seeded for the playoffs, with each team making the playoffs. The first round of the playoffs and the League Championship Series were best-of-three series.

History
The league was founded in 2015 and featured eight teams in its inaugural season that began in May 2018. It added the Wheat City Whiskey Jacks and the Fremont Moo for the 2019 season.

The Rapid City Jackalopes, originally announced for the 2020 season, were described in early 2020 as being "at least one more year away" due to the lack of a suitable stadium. The Hub City Hotshots suspended operations for the 2020 season and the city of Aberdeen, South Dakota terminated their contract for use of Fossum Field. In December 2019, the Sioux Falls Sunfish announced that the team would begin play in the 2020 season, playing at Karras Park Home of Ronken Field in Sioux Falls, South Dakota; due to COVID, they started playing in 2021. The Canyon County Spuds and the Mining City Tommyknockers joined the league for the 2021 season in Caldwell, Idaho and Butte, Montana, respectively. In February 2021, the league announced plans for a new team in Grand Forks, North Dakota, later named the Red River Pilots, to debut in 2022. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic closing the US-Canada border, the Wheat City Whiskey Jacks played their 2021 home games at Kraft Field in Grand Forks, North Dakota. The Pierre Trappers chose not to seek renewal of their ballpark lease after the 2022 season.

During the 2022 season, the Expedition League was forced to end its season early after the Red River Pilots and North Iowa Ragin Roosters both folded by July 4, causing a best of three series between the Pierre Trappers and Souris Valley Sabre Dogs. The Sabre Dogs collected their second straight championship after defeating the Trappers by three games to one. The Trappers and Sabre Dogs folded soon after, alongside the league, in 2022.

Champions

 * 2022 Souris Valley Sabre Dogs
 * 2021 Souris Valley Sabre Dogs
 * 2020 Fremont Moo
 * 2019 Badland Big Sticks
 * 2018 Western Nebraska Pioneers

Notable Expedition League alumni

 * Jacen Roberson, Western Nebraska Pioneers (2019). 16th Round, Arizona Diamondbacks, 2021
 * Jack Sinclair, Western Nebraska Pioneers (2018). 16th Round, Washington Nationals, 2021
 * Austin Callahan, Fremont Moo (2021). 18th Round, Cincinnati Reds, 2021
 * Robert Cruz, Casper Horseheads (2018–19). Free Agent, Washington Nationals, 2021
 * Alex Achtermann, Western Nebraska Pioneers (2018). 30th Round, Colorado Rockies, 2019
 * Jackson Pokorney, Wheat City Whiskey Jacks (2019) / Souris Valley Sabre Dogs (2020). 29th Round, Atlanta Braves, 2016
 * Cal Smith, Pierre Trappers (2018). 33rd Round, Boston Red Sox, 2015

title: Expedition League


text:
Talk:Trey Gunn

Untitled
If Trey Gunn really is from Texas it would be nice if this were actually stated within the article itself. The main problem with this article is that it's almost entirely devoid of material about Trey Gunn the person, as opposed to who he's played with. Nothing really needs to be removed, but quite a bit should be added. I don't know enough to add it, unfortunately. LarsMarius 23:07, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Trey Gunn is not a guitarist
Below the article it says that "this biographical article about a guitarist is a stub". Trey Gunn is -not- a guitarist. In King Crimson he played bass and occasionally Chapman Stick or a Warr (bass)guitar. Technically, the Warr started as a tapping bass instrument, as opposed to the Stick which started as a tapping guitar instrument. I don't know how to correct this?

-- Mark

title: Talk:Trey Gunn


text:
Bespalovsky

Bespalovsky (Беспаловский) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Cherepanovsky Selsoviet, Zmeinogorsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 703 as of 2013. There are 12 streets.

Geography
Bespalovsky is located 7 km northeast of Zmeinogorsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Cherepanovsky is the nearest rural locality.

title: Bespalovsky


text:
User:Jethro B/sandbox

Article on terrorist attack

On 21 September 2012, three Egyptian heavily-armed terrorists, dressed as civilians, wearing explosive belts, and carrying rifles and rocket-propelled grenades, approached the Egyptian-Israeli border at an area where the Israel-Egypt barrier remained incomplete. In the ensuing gunfight, the three terrorists were killed by members of the mixed-gender Caracal Battalion, while one Israeli soldier, 20-year-old Netanel Yahalomi, was killed by the terrorists. Another Israeli soldier was lightly injured.

The jihadist group Ansar Beit al-Maqdes, an al-Qaeda-inspired terrorist organization based in the Sinai Peninsula, claimed responsibility for the terrorist attack.

Background
Following the 2011–2012 Egyptian revolution, militant organizations increased their activity in the Sinai Peninsula, and some al-Qaeda-linked groups were established as well. These militants have been frequently attacking and bombing gas pipelines in the Sinai running between Egypt and Israel. , there have been 15 bombings on these gas pipelines since the 2011 uprising.

In August 2011, a series of cross-border attacks were carried out in southern Israel on Highway 12 near the Egyptian border via the Sinai Peninsula. The terrorists opened fire on an Egged No. 392 bus near Eilat, and soon thereafter, a bomb was detonated next to an Israeli army patrol along the Egypt–Israel border. A third attack occurred when an anti-tank missile hit a private vehicle, killing four civilians. Eight Israelis – six civilians, one Yamam Special Unit police officer, and one Golani Brigade soldier – were killed during the multi-pronged attack. The Israeli security forces reported eight attackers killed, and Egyptian security forces reported killing another two.

On 31 July 2012, the United States Department of State's Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism warned in a report, "The smuggling of humans, weapons, cash, and other contraband through the Sinai into Israel and Gaza created criminal networks with possible ties to terrorist groups in the region. The smuggling of weapons from Libya through Egypt has increased since the overthrow of the Qaddafi regime." Haaretz reported that forces from al-Qaeda, supported by the local Bedouin, have been stationed in the Sinai. It also reported that several other terrorist groups in Gaza have been assisting these forces, and were also smuggling weapons and goods into Gaza.

On 5 August 2012, a deadly attack occured when armed men ambushed an Egyptian military base in the Sinai Peninsula, killing 16 soldiers and stealing two armored cars, which they used to infiltrate into Israel. The attackers broke through the Kerem Shalom border crossing to Israel, where one of the vehicles exploded. They then engaged in a firefight with soldiers of the Israel Defense Forces, during which six of the attackers were killed. No Israelis were injured.

A few days before the attack on 21 September, a state of alert was declared in the Sinai Peninsula by Egyptian security, following intelligence regarding "unprecdented attacks" being launched in the Sinai by jihadist groups against security officers. Eight armored tanks were sent to north Sinai.

Attack
On 21 September 2012, three heavily armed terrorists, dressed in civilian clothing, wearing explosive belts, and carrying rifles and rocket-propelled grenades, approached the Egyptian-Israeli border near Mount Arif, at an area where the Israel–Egypt barrier remained incomplete. One of the terrorists was wearing a suicide bomb. At the time of the attackm 200/240 kilometers of the fence had been completed, with the remaining 40 km - including the Mount Arif area - to be completed in 2013.

The terrorists attacked soldiers from the Artillery Corps, who were safeguarding civilians working on the fence and watching over a group of African migrants who had recently arrived in Israel. Members of the mixed-gender Caracal Battalion (Wildcat Battalion ), whose members are 60% female, rushed to the scene of the attack and engaged in a firefight with the terrorists. During the firefight, a suicide bomb belt on one of the terrorists detonated, while the IDF soldiers managed to kill the remaining two terrorists.

One Israeli soldier, 20-year-old Corporal Netanel Yahalomi of Nof Ayalon, was shot in the head and killed by the terrorists while he was giving water to African migrants, who sought refuge in Israel. Another soldier was injured from shrapnel resulting from the detonation of the suicide bomb. The two soldiers were evacuated to the Soroka Medical Center in Beersheba, but Yahalomi died shortly after arriving at the hospital.

Following the attack, special forces of the IDF arrived at the site of the attack to investigate the possibility of additional infiltration by terrorists into Israel, and ruled out this possibility.

Responsibility
Two days after the attack, the jihadist group Ansar Beit al-Maqdes ("Partisans of Jerusalem"), also known as Ansar Jerusalem, an al-Qaeda inspired terrorist organization based in the Sinai Peninsula, claimed responsibility for the terrorist attack. The group said that the attack was a "disciplinary attack against those who insulted the beloved Prophet," referring to the controversial film Innocence of Muslims, a film produced in America that denigrates the Islamic prophet Mohammed, and to "discipline the Jews for their heinous acts," alleging that Jews were involved in creating the film, although did not elaborate on how. The producer of the film was Nakoula Basseley Nakoula, a 55 year old Coptic Christian from Egypt living near Los Angeles, California.

According to the jihadist group, three of their terrorists had infiltrated into Israel a day before the attack and remained hidden for about a day, until they spotted an Israeli patrol and attacked.

Reactions
IDF Spokesman Brigadier General Yoav Mordechai said that the IDF thwarted a "very big terrorist attack," while Lieutenant-Colonel Avital Leibovich repeated these comments, saying that "A big terror attack was thwarted."

BBC defence correspondent Jonathan Marcus noted that Israel's responses to the attack are limited, since any Israeli strike in Egyptian territory would significantly deteriorate Israel-Egypt ties.

Two days after the attack, IDF Chief of Staff Lieutenant-General Benny Gantz visited the site of the attack, and explained that the Egyptian-Israeli border would continue to present a challenge to Israel, even after the fence along the border si completed. Gantz explained that "we have made a great effort over the past two years to seal the border with Egypt and it will be sealed, but even when that happens, the threat won't be eliminated."

On 24 September 2012, Israeli President Shimon Peres visited the Yahalomi family to pay his respects, saying that "the pain of your loss is enormous. I came to you, on the eve of Yom Kippur, in order to tell you on behalf of the entire nation how proud we are of your son and that your pain is ours."

Aftermath
In response to the attack, Egyptian security officials declared a maximum security alert along the border between Egypt and Israel. The Egyptian army also began patrolling the area to search for militants who were suspected of involvement in the attack.

Hundreds of people attended the funeral for Netanel Yahalomi. Yahalomi was buried in Modiin and was posthumously promoted from the rank of private to corporal.

Following the attack, it was announced that the IDF would continue to offer aid to African infiltrators and migrants, which includes food and water.

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