text:
Robert Irvin Perkins

Robert Irvin "Bob" Perkins (June 30, 1898 – October 29, 1992) was a farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Nipawin from 1960 to 1964 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.

He was born in Owen Sound, Ontario, the son of Francis Albert Perkins and Annie Hewitson, and was educated in Sydenham, in Attica, Saskatchewan and in Lanigan. In 1925, he married Gladys Emma Burge. He was president of the Nipawin Rural Telephone Company and of the Codette Community Co-op Association. Perkins farmed near Codette, Saskatchewan. He was defeated by Frank Radloff when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1964. In 1975, he retired from farming and moved to Codette. In 1989, Perkins moved to Nipawin. He died at the age of 94 in 1992.

title: Robert Irvin Perkins


text:
Talk:Dhiraar ibn al-Azwar

About the section Battle of Ajnadayn --- this is very similar to content found at http://www.nellaieruvadi.com/islam/history_brave_dhirar.asp and may need a rewrite   — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:645:C200:F5DA:3457:795D:778B:93A6 (talk) 08:02, 21 February 2016 (UTC)

Improvement
Please help me to improve this article Ahendra (talk) 16:10, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Dhiraar bin Al-Azwar. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150222151429/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=GQrVBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA110&dq=dhirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=v8jpVIeyKsKWuAT8xoHwDg&redir_esc=y to https://books.google.co.id/books?id=GQrVBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA110&dq=dhirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=v8jpVIeyKsKWuAT8xoHwDg&redir_esc=y
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150210155420/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=DrtLsKXt1osC&pg=PA149&dq=dirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AxDaVKeJE8SyuATcz4HoDw&redir_esc=y to https://books.google.co.id/books?id=DrtLsKXt1osC&pg=PA149&dq=dirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AxDaVKeJE8SyuATcz4HoDw&redir_esc=y
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150117235113/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=IR9rNAai2koC&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=wadi+ruqqad+azwar&source=bl&ots=fWGemCOnLu&sig=xQrgVin-RDG8yc0wWdj50mfXtEE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vmy6VLTpHYjJuASxl4DIDg&redir_esc=y to https://books.google.co.id/books?id=IR9rNAai2koC&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=wadi+ruqqad+azwar&source=bl&ots=fWGemCOnLu&sig=xQrgVin-RDG8yc0wWdj50mfXtEE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vmy6VLTpHYjJuASxl4DIDg&redir_esc=y
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150210155420/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=DrtLsKXt1osC&pg=PA149&dq=dirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AxDaVKeJE8SyuATcz4HoDw&redir_esc=y to https://books.google.co.id/books?id=DrtLsKXt1osC&pg=PA149&dq=dirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AxDaVKeJE8SyuATcz4HoDw&redir_esc=y

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:02, 12 January 2018 (UTC)

Darishkur
This article mentions "Darishkur" and "battle of Darishkur". The stated sources don't have that name anywhere. Where is it coming from? absudar (talk) 20:24, 5 January 2024 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Dhiraar ibn al-Azwar


text:
Using GNOME/Glossary

Using GNOME | Other Jargon

 * applet
 * An applet is a small, interactive application that resides within a panel, for example the CD Player. Each applet has a simple user interface that you can operate with the mouse or keyboard.

 * desktop
 * The part of the GNOME Desktop where there are no interface graphical items, such as panels and windows.

 * desktop background
 * The image or color that is applied to your desktop.

 * desktop object
 * An icon on your desktop that you can use to open your files, folders, and applications. You can use desktop objects to provide convenient access to files, folders, and applications that you use frequently.

 * DNS name
 * A unique alphabetic identifier for a computer on a network.

 * drawer
 * A drawer is a sliding extension to a panel that you can open or close from a drawer icon.

 * format
 * To format media is to prepare the media for use with a particular file system. When you format media, you overwrite any existing information on the media.

 * GNOME-compliant application
 * An application that uses the standard GNOME programming libraries is called a GNOME-compliant application. For example, Nautilus file manager and gedit text editor are GNOME-compliant applications.

 * IP address
 * A unique numeric identifier for a computer on a network.

 * keyboard shortcut
 * A keyboard shortcut is a key or combination of keys that provides an alternative to standard ways of performing an action.

 * launcher
 * A launcher starts a particular application, executes a command, or opens a file. A launcher can reside in a panel or in a menu.

 * menubar
 * A menubar is a bar at the top of an application window that contains the menus for the application.

 * MIME type
 * A Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) type identifies the format of a file. The MIME type enables applications to read the file. For example, an email application can use the image/png MIME type to detect that a Portable Networks Graphic (PNG) file is attached to an email.

 * mount
 * To mount is to make a file system available for access. When you mount a file system, the file system is attached as a subdirectory to your file system.

 * pane
 * A pane is a subdivision of a window. For example, the Nautilus window contains a side pane and a view pane.

 * preference tool
 * A dedicated software tool that controls a particular part of the behavior of the GNOME Desktop.

 * shortcut keys
 * Shortcut keys are keystrokes that provide a quick way to perform an action.

 * stacking order
 * The stacking order is the order in which windows are stacked on top of each other on your screen.

 * statusbar
 * A statusbar is a bar at the bottom of a window that provides information about the current state of what you are viewing in the window.

 * symbolic link
 * A special type of file that points to another file or folder. When you perform an action on a symbolic link, the action is performed on the file or folder to which the symbolic link points. In Windows is used a direct access.

 * toolbar
 * A toolbar is a bar that contains buttons for the most commonly-used commands in an application. Typically, a toolbar appears under a menubar.

 * Uniform Resource Identifier
 * A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a string that identifies a particular location in a file system or on the Web. For example, the address of a web page is a URI.

 * Uniform Resource Locator
 * A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the address of a particular location on the Web.

 * view
 * A Nautilus component that enables you to display a folder in a particular way. For example, Nautilus contains an icon view which enables you to display the contents of a folder as icons. Nautilus also contains a list view which enables you to display the contents of a folder as a list.

 * viewer component
 * A Nautilus component that enables you to display a particular type of file in the view pane. A viewer component might add menu items that are relevant to the file type to the file manager menus. A viewer component might also enable you to use the Nautilus zoom buttons to change the size of the item in the view pane.

 * workspace
 * A workspace is a discrete area in the GNOME Desktop in which you can work.

title: Using GNOME/Glossary


text:
Valuation of options using lottery ticket securities

Problem. Valuation of derivatives in incomplete markets requires specification of risk tolerance of agents. The standard way of specifying this is via utility functions and indifference pricing. A one parameter utility function is derived and from this Hodges indifference prices are calculated.

The limitations of this approach are:

 * utility functions are not observable and it is difficult to derive the utility function of an investor from observable items
 * utility functions mix the concepts of utility and risk aversion
 * utility functions do not allow for risk-seeking behavior
 * using utility pricing for derivative pricing requires the derivation of a market utility. However it is unclear how this market utility function arises from the individual utility function of individual investors.  One standard assumption is to assume that all market traders have a standard utility function, but if this were the case there would be no reason for markets to exist.

We propose an alternate method of specifying risk behavior using a lottery ticket security, and use this risk profile framework to price standard European options. A lottery ticket security is a security with that has a gain or less of x with probability p. We then specify an agents risk profile by determining what the agent is willing to pay or loss for the security and we specify this with a function

$$ \pi(p, x) $$

We include the follow constraints for the lottery security function which describe the limits of the payoff in cases where there is complete certainty.

$$ \pi(0, x) = 0 $$ $$ \pi(p, 0) = 0 $$ $$ \pi(1, x) = x $$

And we include the following conditions that assert a larger payoff as either probability or payoff increases:

$$ \frac{\partial \pi}{\partial p} > 0 $$ $$ \frac{\partial \pi}{\partial x} > 0 $$

The risk-neutral payoff function can be specified as follows

$$ \pi(p, x) = px $$

and we make the assertion that payoffs become risk neutral as the value at risk becomes small.

$$ \lim_{x\rightarrow 0} \pi(p, x) = px $$

To value a payoff for a standard option, we need to derive the value of an option of f(u) given that the probability distribution function for the payoff is p(u). To do this let consider an lottery ticket security that pays one dollar if a coin reads heads and two dollars if the coin reads tails. These two securities can be represented as

$$ \pi_{head}(0.5, 1) $$ $$ \pi_{tail}(0.5, 2) $$

Combining these securities we have a certain payoff of $1 with a 0.5 probability of another $1 payoff or

$$ 1.0 + \pi_(0.5, 1) $$

Applying this argument to the continuous limit we derive the pricing function for options in the $$ \int_0^\infty \frac{\partial \pi}{\partial x}(P(0< f < x), x) dx - \int_{-\infty}^{0} \frac{\partial \pi}{\partial x}(P(x < f < 0), x) dx $$


text:
Zirjan, Nishapur

Zirjan (, also Romanized as Zīrjān; also known as Zarjān) is a village in Darbqazi Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 19 families.

title: Zirjan, Nishapur


text:
Wikijunior talk:Solar System/Archive 2

Proofreading of Pluto Completed by Shanel
Shanel has checked off all of the tasks for Pluto. Could everyone please review this module? Did the proofreading process work? Is Pluto now ready to be read by our target audience?

Let's hear a big cheer for Shanel! --SV Resolution 14:56, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Proofing and getting ready for publication
Rob Horning has pointed out that it is time to start proofreading this book. We need to come up with a sensible process for the entire proofreading process, not just the fact checking. I have boldly moved the discussion, because I think it is going to get long.

Talk:Wikijunior Solar System/Proofreading

Important -- Books for Evacuees by October 3
Hi. This book looks absolutely wonderful right now, and I think that with a concentrated effort, we can get it ready for publication and printed within 3 weeks. I am going to suggest the following time table: This can serve as a model copy, which can then be distributed to children in shelters across the southeastern US. Comments are welcome. Danny 03:12, 7 September 2005 (UTC)
 * September 10 - missing pieces identified
 * September 18 - all material written
 * September 22 - all material fact checked, edited, and copyedited
 * October 1 - professional layout completed.
 * October 3 - printing

 * In terms of what content needs to be proofed, let's just stick to the standard 9 planets, comets, asteroids, the Sun, and the intro sections alone. In other words, leave the seperate sections of the moons (except for the Earth's moon perhaps) out as well as the extended appendix sections.  The Glossary really needs to be fixed up quite a bit, particularly with the hyperlinks removed and a systematic inclusions of a bolded words in the text of the articles that need definitions. I would still like to see a "full" Wikijunior Solar System with all of the larger moons, perhaps even a few asteroids and Kuiper Belt objects added in with updated knowledge due to advanced exploration of those worlds, but that is going to have to be a version "2.0" update, IMHO.  It will be easier if we try to stick to the basics here. --Rob Horning

Well, that's a LOT of work. In order to meet that timeline, we will have to I don't think we can meet Danny's proposed schedule without LOTS of help. LOTS. I propose putting ALL of our modules immediately into the "Proofreading" mode without doing any consensus-checking. Certainly not for a WEEK. And recruiting for help at Wikipedia's fact-checking project. --SV Resolution 13:33, 7 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Stop adding material and start the proofreading process
 * Recruit lots of help
 * Use the GAT to compile our glossary.

 * What's the big rush? Why not allow a year to pass and let this work mature? :) — RJHall 22:12, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

It's about the grant money. I have been asking for somebody (anybody!) to post the complete PRIMARY SOURCE MATERIAL of the Beck Foundation grant SOMEPLACE (on WikiMediaFoundation, on the wikijunior page, wherever). But I think the grant is contingent on a December deliverable. (Don't quote me on that. I don't know anything.)  So if we push to get it out 3 October we have 2 months of slip.

Which we would likely need, at the rate we are moving. The facts have not been checked. The copy needs to be edited, and brought down to an appropriate reading level. Great quantities of material need to be removed. Every time I turn around, somebody is adding material. The "Kiki" task force needs to choose an artist, who then needs to get started on selected illustrations.

I wonder who it was that decided to apply for the grant, and how they came up with a timeline predicting that an as-yet-undetermined group of Wikizens would colonize the project and complete a book by December 2005?

--SV Resolution 15:57, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Grant? Okay. Well I hope you don't mind but I went through and updated the little completion icons on the main page. There are still a few that are far from completion, particularly the moons of Jupiter (about which we know a fair amount.) Some of the terminology I'm seeing tossed around is bordering on college level (palimsest, synchronous rotation, arachnoid, regolith, and siderial day, for example.) :) — RJHall 19:21, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

I don't mind at all. Whatever you can do to advance the book is good. Though we probably don't need to add a lot of content right now. The book is already > 48 pages. I hope the proofreading process I proposed is well-designed to catch all of these things. Any input you can give on that is appreciated, as well. --SV Resolution 22:48, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Well I guess if I were looking to shorten it, I would consider merging all of those separate moon pages together. For example "Moons of Saturn" and "Moons of Mars". Each moon could then just have a single section, instead of lots of somewhat sparse pages. (But a few moons probably deserve their own pages, such as Io, Europa, and Titan.) :) — RJHall 20:36, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, merging the moon pages together is a great idea. Alot of the pages aren't very full, but the moons still deserve some mention. And some information, like "What is it made of?" and "Who discovered it?" is repetitive for alot of moons. Hopefully, if we ever get to do a version 2.0 Wikijunior Solar System, we'll have alot more information from Cassini and we can include all the moon pages. :)--Shanel 01:08, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

I think there is officially no way to make the deadline User:Danny has set us. Why October 3? I wish I could get more information about this grant ...--SV Resolution 23:04, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

Beck Foundation proposal
This is more of an FYI about the Beck Foundation Grant. Details can be found here: Wikijunior/proposal to Beck Foundation

The Beck Foundation can be found here: http://www.ahbeck.com/ http://chaucer.library.emory.edu/beckbio.html (the previous link...plasterd all over Meta...has nothing to do with the Beck Foundation that is dealing with this proposal)

Yet more details can be found here: WQ/2/grants

I hope this help out. There was a little bit of discussion on Foundation-l, but I think it is rehashing the content listed above, as well as what can be found on Wikijunior. I don't know who wrote the grant, or when the terms need to be completed. --Rob Horning 02:17, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

Wikijunior/proposal to Beck Foundation Says that they're hoping to print a booklet on the topic of animals in December. Seeing as how we're proofreading Solar System and not Big Cats, that's not happening anymore? --Shanel 21:48, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Based on user participation and the fact that the Big Cats volume seems to be struggling right now, I would have to say that the Solar System Wikibook is going to be the first one out of the gate. Wikijunior South America is struggling as well, with a couple of countries that havn't even had any real substance added to them, while the Big Cats does seem to be coming together, but with not nearly as many articles overall.  The Big Cats book may have been just too narrow of a topic compared to the other topics for Wikijunior. Assuming that we get it done and ready, I'm still not sure exactly who is going to do the printing and the specifics on where everything is going to go.  Those details (critical in terms of how the grant money is supposedly going to be given to the Wikimedia Foundation) are conspicuously missing right now.  On the other hand, this Wikibook seems so close to a publishable state that the status of the Beck Foundation is irrelevant, and I would like to see this published anyway and offered to some elementary schools.  If we can get the quality of this up, there are a couple of other companies that I am thinking of hitting up myself to seek funding.  --Rob Horning 08:03, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Which Beck foundation is funding this grant? Rob Horning here says it is the Lewis H. Beck foundation, while meta:User:Sj suggested on theBenefactors talk page that it is the John and Frances Beck Foundation.

 * It's the John and Frances Beck Foundation. This was confirmed today by Michael Davis who checked the name on the $10,000 check they sent us. Angela 19:21, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Spoken book
I've uploaded a new section of audio to the Commons. The complete list is now:

 * 1) [[Media:Wikijunior Solar System-Title Page.ogg|Title page]]
 * 2) [[Media:Wikijunior Solar System-The Sun.ogg|The Sun]]
 * 3) [[Media:Wikijunior_Solar_System-Pluto.ogg|Pluto]]

I've added Pluto, now that it has been proofread.

I'd appreciate advice as to how to link to the files in the module itself. Any ideas?

--Polyparadigm 05:58, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

Proofreading of Pluto Completed by Shanel
Shanel has checked off all of the tasks for Pluto. Could everyone please review this module? Did the proofreading process work? Is Pluto now ready to be read by our target audience?

Let's hear a big cheer for Shanel! --SV Resolution 14:56, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Yay! :) Right now I'm trying to replace all the Wikipedia references with NASA ones as you suggested, but other than that this module is good to go!--Shanel 23:00, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Copy editing issues
I have moved this content to the proofreading discussion page. Rachel 17:58, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

zodiacal symbols
Do we really want to explain the origins of the symbols for Venus and Mars? We could bowdlerize and talk about mirrors and spears, but from what I understand they symbolize genitals...which might cause trouble if the book is given out in the Bible belt.--Polyparadigm 07:11, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * There is a lot more to the world than the bible belt. I don't think we should worry too much. Tasteful rather than bowdlerised is the way to go when writing for children. Theresa knott 19:38, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

The symbol for Venus -- isn't it the fertility figure? Much like the African fertility figure with the large head, small torso, and small arms? But that's not important right now. Any discussion of fertility symbols and genitals would add nothing to kids' understanding of the solar system, any more than any discussion of any of the other zodiacal symbols would. Would we have to include (considering that some of the readers are 4th graders) an explanation of what genitals are used for? It's all a bit off-topic. I don't think Bowdlerisation is at issue. We are not removing the sexy bits from a great work of literature. We are trying to write a book about the solar system. And the book is already too long. We can write "questions and answers about sex" another time. --SV Resolution 22:56, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The symbol for Venus is a woman's mirror (the cross on the bottom is the handle). Mars is a "warrior" carrying a shield (hence the arrow to the right... or the left.  The Moon is obvious.  The Earth is the geographic globe with prime meridian and equator.  Jupiter is a stylized lightning bolt.  Mercury has the "wings" on the head from Hermes.  Pluto is actually the initials for Perceval Lowell, the discover of the planet (actually Tombaugh, but Lowell got credit back elsewhen).  As for Bible belt objections, I think we need to worry more about the images of the dieties themselves.  I got some strong objections to a printed version of this Wikibook with the image of Venus and Neptune.  Neptune shows everything but genitalia, and you can almost pick out pubic hairs.  Good classical art, but this isn't an art book, nor should it be.  Some suggestions were made to simply crop out the crotch and breast areas, as the Venus picture is already cropped from the original.  --Rob Horning 01:00, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The symbol for Venus is based on the Ankh, though. I know that a lot of ankh shaped mirrors were produced in Egypt way back when, but it's a pre-bronze age symbol.  I've seen a lot more big-hipped fertility figures than big-headed ones, btw...the Ankh article, anyway, says that the top two competing theories are "womb" and "sandal strap", and I for one think the former is a lot more feminine.  But if you don't want to dig too deeply into the origins of those symbols, it's probably best both from a standpoint of length and of focus.--Polyparadigm 05:01, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

"the planet" vs. "this planet"
I'm going to change the questions and the headers so they all say "this planet"--Shanel 02:13, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Eiter one is fine, I guess, as long as they are all the same --SV Resolution 11:56, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikijunior talk:Solar System/Archive 2


text:
Phaedropsis principaloides

Phaedropsis principaloides is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Heinrich Benno Möschler in 1890. It is found in Puerto Rico and Cuba.

title: Phaedropsis principaloides


text:
Monument to the Carta Magna and Four Regions of Argentina

The Monument to the Carta Magna and Four Regions of Argentina is located in the intersection of Del Libertador and Sarmiento Avenues, a landmark site in the Palermo, a neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is commonly referred to as the Monument of the Spanish.

The monument was a donation by the Spanish community in celebration of the centenary of the Revolución de Mayo of 1810 (which marked the formal beginning of Argentina's independence from Spain). It is made of Carrara marble and bronze. The foundation stone was laid in 1910 but it was not completed and inaugurated until 1927.

History
The monument is one of the most renowned in the city. Designed by the Catalan sculptor Agustí Querol Subirats, there were several setbacks in the construction of the monument. After Querol’s death, Cipriano Folgueras was assigned the project but he also died in the meantime and so the monument’s rising was further delayed. (The work was later completed by Antonio Moliné. ) Another delay was due to a strike by Italian workers in the quarries of Carrara. And another was due to a storm, September 20, 1914, when part of the work was already positioned in Buenos Aires. Due to the storm, the left arm of the marble statue was broken off, and had to be reattached.

Another unfortunate event occurred in 1916 when the ocean liner (the Príncipe de Asturias Ship) that was carrying the materials for the monument sank midway. In 1917 Spain requested replacements for lost materials. These were sent two years later, and once arrivals were retained by Customs, causing a bureaucratic mess. Finally, the stunning 24.5 m marble and brass monument was finished and inaugurated in 1927. The monument was inaugurated on March 13, 1927, with a speech by the Argentina president Marcelo T. de Alvear.

In 1934 took place in its surroundings closing of the International Eucharistic Congress. For this he covered the monument with a cross of 35 m in height. After Mass, and to the more than one million people attended the event, was heard over the loudspeakers and thanks to a radio broadcast with the Vatican Pope Pius XI bless the present. The event was presided by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, the future pope Pius XII.

Characteristics
At its top is a symbolic statue of the republic with allegoric marble representations of labor and work at its base, and bronze figures that represent the Andes, Pampa, Chaco and de la Plata regions. Its inscriptions include a fragment of the Argentine constitution that proclaims freedom for the country and for any person in the world who wishes the make Argentina their home and also four statements that proclaim the brotherhood of Argentina and Spain, their people, their language and their destiny.

Location
Located in the intersection of Del Libertador and Sarmiento Avenues, in the Palermo Gardens and front to Buenos Aires Zoo.


text:
Amblypomacentrus

Amblypomacentrus is a small genus of fish in the family Pomacentridae. As of the year 2000, there are 3 species.

Species

 * Amblypomacentrus breviceps (Schlegel & Müller, 1839) - black-banded demoiselle
 * Amblypomacentrus clarus (Allen and Adrim, 2000)
 * Amblypomacentrus vietnamicus Prokofiev, 2004

title: Amblypomacentrus


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Frankie Owen

Frankie Owen

 * ... that 2012 Australian Olympic synchronized swimmer Francesca Owen is a model and photographer?
 * Reviewed: Milo Yiannopoulos

Created/expanded by LauraHale (talk), Frietjes (talk). Nominated by LauraHale (talk) at 03:15, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Symbol confirmed.svg New enough. Long enough. Sources check. Hook interesting enough.  Schmidt,  MICHAEL Q. 08:24, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Symbol question.svg Let's combine this with Template:Did you know nominations/Tamika Domrow to make a dual hook. I've copied the credits there. --Orlady (talk) 21:13, 1 August 2012 (UTC)
 * I am fine with that. --LauraHale (talk) 21:25, 1 August 2012 (UTC)

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ


text:
Talk:Jimmy Sham

Why the removal of wikilink for "drag"?
User Citobun, explain yourself why you removed the wikilink for "drag"? What are you trying to hide? STSC (talk) 07:02, 29 September 2019 (UTC)

 * Mistake. I meant to revert a different edit (the one that changed "human rights" to "LGBT rights" – on the grounds that he does not exclusively campaign for LGBT rights). Citobun (talk) 08:38, 30 September 2019 (UTC)

Feminist you don't own the article
User feminist although you created the article but you don't own it. I tried to improve this new article but you have reverted almost all my edits. Please discuss the issues first. STSC (talk) 09:49, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * For the record I did not "revert almost all [of your] edits"; some of them, such as the addition of portal links, build on your contributions. Anyway, I have explained my reverts clearly in my edit summaries. Happy to discuss specific issues you may have with the article under the WP:BRD process. feminist (talk) 10:30, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * "BRD is not an excuse to revert any change more than once" and you just randomly picked an excuse to revert . Particularly why you removed the external links section which is very normal for an article to have this section. STSC (talk) 11:22, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Did I revert any change more than once? No, I did not. If the only external link added to an article is inappropriate, of course the section should be removed. feminist (talk) 12:29, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * At least 4 times you have reverted. Why the link to Rainbow of Hong Kong is inappropriate? It's mentioned in the lead. STSC (talk) 12:42, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * It's not his official site, for one, so the link to Rainbow of Hong Kong does not meet WP:ELYES. WP:ELNO point 13 states sites that are only indirectly related to the article's subject should not be linked; Jimmy Sham is not the leader or even a major figure in Rainbow of Hong Kong. The fact that the organisation is mentioned in the lead section does not mean it should be added as an external link, per WP:ELNO point 19. Basically as I stated in the edit summary. feminist (talk) 13:38, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * I put the external link because it has a red link (no wikilink). I accept your explanation. STSC (talk) 00:11, 30 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jimmy Sham


text:
Talk:Bryce Taylor (soccer)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Bryce Taylor (soccer). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100107095524/http://www.uslsoccer.com:80/teams/2009/934453.html to http://www.uslsoccer.com/teams/2009/934453.html#STATS
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title: Talk:Bryce Taylor (soccer)


text:
escrita

Noun

 * 1) skate fish

Etymology
From, from , feminine form of , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) writing (written letters or symbols that express some meaning)

Noun

 * 1) skate a ray with a pointed snout, white stomach, reddish-gray back, strewn with white, motted hazel, and black spots

title: escrita


text:
Winzer

Etymology
In some cases from. In others perhaps from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Winzer is the 33810th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 673 individuals. Winzer is most common among Black/African American (58.4%) and White (36.55%) individuals.

Etymology
From Late, contraction of , , from , from. The forms in -l were enhanced with the Germanic suffix.

Noun

 * 1) vintner, winemaker, manufacturer of wine

Proper noun

title: Winzer


text:
Teletraffic engineering/What is Trade in Services?

Author: Nosipho Dhladhla

Summary
The general agreement on Trade in Services, GATS is the first of a set of multilateral trade rules designed to promote liberalization of Trade in services [1]. It came in to force in 1995 as a result of the Uruguay Round negotiations. Because of it, large segments of the services economy that were viewed as domains for government ownership and control, given their infrastructural importance and the perceived exsitence of natural monopolies have undergone fundamental technical and regulatory changes in recent decades, opening them to private commercial participation and reducing existing barriers to entry [2]. The telecommunictions industry is  a typical example of trade in services in which governments have gradually exposed previous monopoly domains to competition and flexible fair trades.

Definition
Trade in services refers to the sale and delivery of an intangible product called a service between the producer of the product and the consumer [3].

Trade in Services
Trade in services is the sale and delivery of a service product between a producer and consumer. International Trade in Services is trade based in different countries, or economies, in legal terms [3]. A set of rules governing trade of services are embodied in the General Agreement of trade in services (GATS). During the Uruguay Round trade negotiations which resulted in the establishment of the World Trade organisation,WTO, country partners recognised the need for a comprehensive set of rules governing trade in services and hence GATS was drafted [1]. It then  became enshrined as one of the four pillars of the international treaty comprising the WTO Agreement, 1995 (Shiven, trade expert on GATS and the WTO) [3]. Countries can, therefore freely decide how to negotiate trade agreements between each other, what sectors to liberalize and the mode of supply they want to cover for a given sector.

International trade in services is defined by the Four Modes of Supply of the GATS [3].

 * Cross border trade, which is defined as delivery of a service from the territory of one country into the territory of other country;
 * Consumption abroad - this mode covers supply of a service of one country to the service consumer of any other country;
 * Commercial presence - which covers services provided by a service supplier of one country in the territory of any other country, and
 * Presence of natural persons - which covers services provided by a service supplier of one country through the presence of natural persons in the territory of any other country.

In telecommunications, telecommunications services are any service provided by a telecommunications provider ( the producer) or a specified set of user-information transfer capabilities provided to a group of users (the consumers) by a telecommunications system. The telecommunications service user is responsible for the information content of the message. The telecommunications service provider has the responsibility for the acceptance, transmission, and delivery of the message [4].

GATS obligations are summarised in figure 1 below and represent the frame work of obligations that apply to services and a negotiated set of specific commitments regarding particular services that each member country has agreed to list in a national schedule of commitment. The most general rule is the obligation to grant most-favoured-nation treatment to foreign services and service suppliers of other members in similar sectors [1].

Figure 1 Architecture of the General Agreement on Trade in Services.

Other organisations with interest in trade in services are OECD, APEC. Their websites contain general information update on international negotiations and specific information and research on trade in services.

The past decades have seen a broad structural shift towards services for most country economies. A large percentage of workers employed in services is also on the rise.

Services are, on balance, more knowledge-intensive than other sectors and therefore employ proportionately many more well-educated workers than other industries. For example, a majority of workers in the telecommunications services sector have post-secondary education. Interestingly, some of the best-paid jobs are in the services sector - in telecommunications, financial, legal, advertising, computer software and engineering services [1].

Example
The telecommunications services sector, tourism sector, the financial services sector, the business sector, construction sector, and the Computer sector are examples of services sectors.

Exercises
Most WTO country members classify Telecommunication Services according to the system used in GATS. There are sixteen categories including telecommunication services, voice telephone services, packet-switched data transmission services, circuit-switched data transmission and many others.

Try to name as many of the rest of the categories as you can.

Telecommunication services include: Telex services, Telegraph services, Facsimile services, Private leased circuit services, Electronic mail, Voice mail, On-line information and data base retrieval, Electronic data interchange (EDI), Enhanced/value-added facsimile services, incl. store and forward, store and retrieve, Code and protocol conversion, On-line information and/or data processing (incl. transaction processing), [extra credit for others]


text:
Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly

The women's 100 metre butterfly event for the 1976 Summer Olympics was held in Montreal. The event took place on 21 & 22 July 1976.

Heats
Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Heat 4

Heat 5

Heat 6

Semifinals
Heat 1

Heat 2


text:
Gunakari

Gunakari (Гунакари; Dargwa: Гьунахъари) is a rural locality (a selo) in Buskrinsky Selsoviet, Dakhadayevsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 371 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Gunakari is located 11 km northeast of Urkarakh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kalkni and Dibgashi are the nearest rural localities.

Nationalities
Dargins live there.

title: Gunakari


text:
Ruby Programming/Syntax/Variables and Constants

A variable in Ruby can be distinguished by the characters at the start of its name. There's no restriction to the length of a variable's name (with the exception of the heap size).

Summary
The first character indicates the scope:
 * Local variables - lowercase letter or underscore
 * Instance variables - @
 * In class scope, instance variables belong to the object that is the class
 * To define instance variables on the objects that belong to the class, use @ inside initialize
 * Class variables - @@
 * Global variables - $
 * Constants - uppercase letter

For more information on variable scopes related to classes, see Ruby Programming/Syntax/Classes.

Local Variables
Example: foobar _foobar A variable whose name begins with a lowercase letter (a-z) or underscore (_) is a local variable or method invocation.

A local variable is only accessible from within the block of its initialization. For example: i0 = 1 loop { i1 = 2 puts defined?(i0)	# true; "i0" was initialized in the ascendant block puts defined?(i1)	# true; "i1" was initialized in this block break } puts defined?(i0)	# true; "i0 was initialized in this block puts defined?(i1)	# false; "i1" was initialized in the loop

Instance Variables
Example: @foobar A variable whose name begins with '@ ' is an instance variable of self. An instance variable belongs to the object itself. Uninitialized instance variables have a value of nil.

Class Variables
A class variable is shared by all instances of a class and begins with '@@'. Example: @@foobar

An important note is that the class variable is shared by all the descendants of the class. Example:

This shows us that all our classes were changing the same variable. Class variables behave like global variables which are visible only in the inheritance tree. Because Ruby resolves variables by looking up the inheritance tree *first*, this can cause problems if two subclasses both add a class variable with the same name.

Global Variables
Example: $foobar A variable whose name begins with '$ ' has a global scope; meaning it can be accessed from anywhere within the program during runtime.

Constants
Usage: FOOBAR A variable whose name begins with an uppercase letter (A-Z) is a constant. A constant can be reassigned a value after its initialization, but doing so will generate a warning. Every class is a constant.

Trying to access an uninitialized constant raises the NameError exception.

How constants are looked up
Constants are looked up based on your scope or via the scope resolution operator (i.e. '::'). For example

class A   A2 = 'a2' class B     def go        A2       end end end instance_of_b = A::B.new a2 = A::A2

Another example class Foo BAR = 123 end puts Foo::BAR
 * 1) => 123

Pseudo Variables

 * Execution context of the current method, which could refer to an instance, class, or module.

 * The sole-instance of the  class. Expresses nothing.

 * The sole-instance of the  class. Expresses true.

 * The sole-instance of the  class. Expresses false.

 * These are contents of capturing groups for regular expression matches. They are local to the current thread and stack frame!

(nil also is considered to be false, and every other value is considered to be true in Ruby.) The value of a pseudo variable cannot be changed. Substitution to a pseudo variable causes an exception to be raised.

Pre-defined Variables
Many pre-defined variables are useful when dealing with regular expressions or Ruby interpreter parameters.

{| class="wikitable" ! Name !! Aliases !! Description
 * || || The exception information message set by the last 'raise' (last exception thrown).
 * || || Array of the backtrace of the last exception thrown.
 * || || The string matched by the last successful pattern match in this scope.
 * || || The string to the left of the last successful match.
 * || || The string to the right of the last successful match.
 * || || The last group of the last successful match.
 * to  ||  || The Nth group of the last successful regexp match.
 * || || The information about the last match in the current scope.
 * || || The flag for case insensitive, nil by default (deprecated).
 * ||,  or   || The input record separator, newline by default.
 * || or  || The output record separator for the print and IO#write. Default is nil.
 * || or  || The output field separator for the print and Array#join.
 * ||,  or   || The default separator for String#split.
 * || or  || The current input line number of the last file that was read.
 * || || An object that provides access to the concatenation of the contents of all the files given as command-line arguments, or $stdin (in the case where there are no arguments). Read only.
 * ||  ||  || The destination of output for Kernel.print and Kernel.printf. The default value is $stdout.
 * || || The last input line of string by gets or readline.
 * ||  ||  || Command line arguments given for the script.  Also known as
 * ||,  or   || The process number of the Ruby running this script.
 * || || The status of the last executed child process.
 * ||  || Load path for scripts and binary modules by load or require.
 * ||  or   || The array contains the module names loaded by require.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   || The status of the -d switch.  Assignable.
 * ||  || Character encoding of the source code.
 * ||  || The verbose flag, which is set by the -v switch.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||  " which defines the longer names listed in the table above. To include these names, just require the English library as follows.
 * || or  || The current input line number of the last file that was read.
 * || || An object that provides access to the concatenation of the contents of all the files given as command-line arguments, or $stdin (in the case where there are no arguments). Read only.
 * ||  ||  || The destination of output for Kernel.print and Kernel.printf. The default value is $stdout.
 * || || The last input line of string by gets or readline.
 * ||  ||  || Command line arguments given for the script.  Also known as
 * ||,  or   || The process number of the Ruby running this script.
 * || || The status of the last executed child process.
 * ||  || Load path for scripts and binary modules by load or require.
 * ||  or   || The array contains the module names loaded by require.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   || The status of the -d switch.  Assignable.
 * ||  || Character encoding of the source code.
 * ||  || The verbose flag, which is set by the -v switch.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||  " which defines the longer names listed in the table above. To include these names, just require the English library as follows.
 * || || The status of the last executed child process.
 * ||  || Load path for scripts and binary modules by load or require.
 * ||  or   || The array contains the module names loaded by require.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   || The status of the -d switch.  Assignable.
 * ||  || Character encoding of the source code.
 * ||  || The verbose flag, which is set by the -v switch.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||  " which defines the longer names listed in the table above. To include these names, just require the English library as follows.
 * ||  || Character encoding of the source code.
 * ||  || The verbose flag, which is set by the -v switch.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||  " which defines the longer names listed in the table above. To include these names, just require the English library as follows.
 * ||  || The verbose flag, which is set by the -v switch.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||  " which defines the longer names listed in the table above. To include these names, just require the English library as follows.
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||  " which defines the longer names listed in the table above. To include these names, just require the English library as follows.

Without ‘English’:

$\ = ' -- '   "waterbuffalo" =~ /buff/ print $", $', $$, "\n"

With English:

require "English" $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR = ' -- ' "waterbuffalo" =~ /buff/ print $LOADED_FEATURES, $POSTMATCH, $PID, "\n"

Pre-defined Constants
Note that there are some pre-defined constants at parse time, as well, namely __FILE__  (current file) __LINE__  (current line) and __dir__   (current directory) __method__ (current method) (new in Ruby 2.0)

A list of predefined global constants can be found in the Ruby language documentation. Among the notable ones are:


text:
Phostria vitrifera

Phostria vitrifera is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in French Guiana and Costa Rica.

title: Phostria vitrifera


text:
User:HomG/Moretti crime family

The Falcone crime family (previously the Moretti crime family) is a crime family in the 2010 video game Mafia II. In the game, the family is one of the three Empire Bay Families, the others being the Clemente and the Vinci crime families.

History
The family was founded by Tomaso Moretti, who was later assassinated during the Vinci-Moretti War. The family then became headed by Carlo Falcone. During Falcone's reign, the Falcone's became a ruthless rising star in the Empire Bay underworld. They became the second most powerful family in Empire Bay and were the family that Vito Scaletta and Joe Barbaro would eventually join. However, due to the death of Falcone and many of their men, they were weakened significantly. As Eddie Scarpa was Falcone's underboss, it is possible that he became the new boss after Falcone's death.

Clemente-Falcone drug war
During 1951, Luca Gurino, a capo of the family, met with Frank Vinci and Leo Galante at Vinci's Mansion. Luca tried to turn Vinci against the Falcone crime family, claiming that Falcone was involved in the drug trade, knowing that Vinci was strongly against drugs. Gurino says that something should be done about it. The Clemente family was already involved in drug trafficking at the time, Gurino and Clemente were attempting to get rid of the competition.

On May 6, 1951, the Clemente family is the first to act on Falcone as Clemente orders Gurino to kidnap Carlo Falcone's accountant Harvey Beans and his bodyguards Antonio "Tony Balls" Balsamo and Frankie the Mick to try and get information about Falcone's drug business; they are taken to Clemente's Slaughterhouse where they are tortured. Falcone's underboss Eddie Scarpa sends Vito Scaletta to find and save Falcone's men before they are killed. At the end of it, Frankie the Mick, Luca Gurino, and many other Clemente soldiers perish in the slaughterhouse and Falcone turns on Clemente.

On June 15, 1951, Falcone orders Joe Barbaro and Vito Scaletta to assassinate Clemente at his gang summit at the Empire Arms Hotel. Scaletta and Barbaro placed a bomb under the table in the conference room. The bomb kills all of Clemente's top men but not himself as he was in the bathroom at the time, he flees and more of his gangsters and the hitmen's driver, Marty die. It results in a car chase, which ends down the street from the hotel, Clemente is gravely wounded and Barbaro, angered over Marty's death, walks up to the Don's broken down limo and blasts him in the face and chest with his Thompson 1928, killing Clemente and crippling his family. The main reason Falcone killed Clemente was because he was stealing his dope customers and losing him money. Many Clemente members leave and join other families; for example, Henry Tomasino moves to the Falcone family after the fall of his family.

Bosses

 * Tomaso Moretti: 1913-1933 - Boss; born in ?, died in 1933 (aged ?).
 * Carlo Falcone: 1933-1951 - Boss; born in ?, died in 1951 (aged ?).
 * Eddie Scarpa: 1951-Unknown - Boss (possibly); born in ?, age ? (as of 1951).

Underbosses

 * Eddie Scarpa: 1933-1951 - Underboss; born in ?, age ? (as of 1951).

Caporegime

 * Carlo Falcone: 1913-1933 - Caporegime; born in ?, died in 1951 (aged ?).
 * Rocco: 1933-1950 - Caporegime; born in ?, died in 1950 (aged ?).

Soldiers

 * Vito Scaletta: 1951 - Soldier; born in 1925, 26 years old (as of 1951).
 * Joe Barbaro: 1951 - Soldier; born in 1924, died in 1951 (27 years old).
 * Henry Tomasino: 1951 - Soldier; born in 1910, died in 1951 (41 years old).
 * Eddie Scarpa: 1913-1933 - Soldier; born in ?, age ? (as of 1951).
 * Antonio "Tony Balls" Balsamo: 1913-present - Soldier; born in ?, age ? (as of 1951).
 * Rocco: 1913-1933 - Soldier; born in ?, died in 1950 (aged ?).

Associates

 * Jack Olivero: 1913-present - Associate; born in ?, age ? (as of 1951).

title: User:HomG/Moretti crime family


text:
Talk:Mariame Kolga

Is it necessary to detail gender?
In keeping with the style of articles like Maria Sharapova and Serena Williams, I changed the first sentence from is "a Ivorian female professional basketball player." to "is a Ivorian professional basketball player." I don't see it as necessary to detail the gender of Kolga. This would also be in keeping with the guideline MOS:BIO. Cheers, --ceradon ( talk  •  contribs ) 21:07, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mariame Kolga


text:
User:Franl~enwikibooks

Hi, I'm Fran Litterio. To leave me a message, visit my talk page. To learn more about me, visit my personal Web page. To send me email, you need to get my email address. I'm also a contributor to Wikipedia. You can visit my Wikipedia user page.

Here are some links that only work for the currently-logged user (i.e., you):

 * Your watchlist without your edits.
 * Here is your monobook.js file.

I'm currently interested in (or contributing to) these Wikibooks:

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 * Computer Software Bookshelf
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Helpful Wikibooks Links
General:

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Policies and guidelines:

 * What is Wikibooks ✤ Editing policy ✤ Image use policy ✤ Deletion policy ✤ Naming conventions

title: User:Franl~enwikibooks


text:
Cryptography/Asymmetric Ciphers

In cryptography, an asymmetric key algorithm uses a pair of different, though related, cryptographic keys to encrypt and decrypt. The two keys are related mathematically; a message encrypted by the algorithm using one key can be decrypted by the same algorithm using the other. In a sense, one key "locks" a lock (encrypts); but a different key is required to unlock it (decrypt).

Some, but not all, asymmetric key cyphers have the "public key" property, which means that there is no known effective method of finding the other key in a key pair, given knowledge of one of them. This group of algorithms is very useful, as it entirely evades the key distribution problem inherent in all symmetric key cyphers and some of the asymmetric key cyphers. One may simply publish one key while keeping the other secret. They form the basis of much of modern cryptographic practice.

A Postal Analogy
An analogy which can be used to understand the advantages of an asymmetric system is to imagine two people, Alice and Bob, sending a secret message through the public mail. In this example, Alice has the secret message and wants to send it to Bob, after which Bob sends a secret reply.

With a symmetric key system, Alice first puts the secret message in a box, and then locks the box using a padlock to which she has a key. She then sends the box to Bob through regular mail. When Bob receives the box, he uses an identical copy of Alice's key (which he has somehow obtained previously) to open the box, and reads the message. Bob can then use the same padlock to send his secret reply.

In an asymmetric key system, Bob and Alice have separate padlocks. Firstly, Alice asks Bob to send his open padlock to her through regular mail, keeping his key to himself. When Alice receives it she uses it to lock a box containing her message, and sends the locked box to Bob. Bob can then unlock the box with his key and read the message from Alice. To reply, Bob must similarly get Alice's open padlock to lock the box before sending it back to her. The critical advantage in an asymmetric key system is that Bob and Alice never need send a copy of their keys to each other. This substantially reduces the chance that a third party (perhaps, in the example, a corrupt postal worker) will copy a key while it is in transit, allowing said third party to spy on all future messages sent between Alice and Bob. In addition, if Bob were to be careless and allow someone else to copy his key, Alice's messages to Bob will be compromised, but Alice's messages to other people would remain secret, since the other people would be providing different padlocks for Alice to use...

Actual Algorithms - Two Linked Keys
Fortunately cryptography is not concerned with actual padlocks, but with encryption algorithms which aren't vulnerable to hacksaws, bolt cutters, or liquid nitrogen attacks.

Not all asymmetric key algorithms operate in precisely this fashion. The most common have the property that Alice and Bob own two keys; neither of which is (so far as is known) deducible from the other. This is known as public-key cryptography, since one key of the pair can be published without affecting message security. In the analogy above, Bob might publish instructions on how to make a lock ("public key"), but the lock is such that it is impossible (so far as is known) to deduce from these instructions how to make a key which will open that lock ("private key"). Those wishing to send messages to Bob use the public key to encrypt the message; Bob uses his private key to decrypt it.

Weaknesses
Of course, there is the possibility that someone could "pick" Bob's or Alice's lock. Unlike the case of the one-time pad or its equivalents, there is no currently known asymmetric key algorithm which has been proven to be secure against a mathematical attack. That is, it is not known to be impossible that some relation between the keys in a key pair, or a weakness in an algorithm's operation, might be found which would allow decryption without either key, or using only the encryption key. The security of asymmetric key algorithms is based on estimates of how difficult the underlying mathematical problem is to solve. Such estimates have changed both with the decreasing cost of computer power, and with new mathematical discoveries.

Weaknesses have been found in promising asymmetric key algorithms in the past. The 'knapsack packing' algorithm was found to be insecure when an unsuspected attack came to light. Recently, some attacks based on careful measurements of the exact amount of time it takes known hardware to encrypt plain text have been used to simplify the search for likely decryption keys. Thus, use of asymmetric key algorithms does not ensure security; it is an area of active research to discover and protect against new and unexpected attacks.

Another potential weakness in the process of using asymmetric keys is the possibility of a 'Man in the Middle' attack, whereby the communication of public keys is intercepted by a third party and modified to provide the third party's own public keys instead. The encrypted response also must be intercepted, decrypted and re-encrypted using the correct public key in all instances however to avoid suspicion, making this attack difficult to implement in practice.

A Brief History
The first known asymmetric key algorithm was invented by Clifford Cocks of GCHQ in the UK. It was not made public at the time, and was reinvented by Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman at MIT in 1976. It is usually referred to as RSA as a result. RSA relies for its security on the difficulty of factoring very large integers. A breakthrough in that field would cause considerable problems for RSA's security. Currently, RSA is vulnerable to an attack by factoring the 'modulus' part of the public key, even when keys are properly chosen, for keys shorter than perhaps 700 bits. Most authorities suggest that 1024 bit keys will be secure for some time, barring a fundamental breakthrough in factoring practice or practical quantum computers, but others favor longer keys.

At least two other asymmetric algorithms were invented after the GCHQ work, but before the RSA publication. These were the Ralph Merkle puzzle cryptographic system and the Diffie-Hellman system. Well after RSA's publication, Taher Elgamal invented the Elgamal discrete log cryptosystem which relies on the difficulty of inverting logs in a finite field. It is used in the SSL, TLS, and DSA protocols.

A relatively new addition to the class of asymmetric key algorithms is elliptic curve cryptography. While it is more complex computationally, many believe it to represent a more difficult mathematical problem than either the factorisation or discrete logarithm problems.

Practical limitations and hybrid cryptosystems
One drawback of asymmetric key algorithms is that they are much slower (factors of 1000+ are typical) than 'comparably' secure symmetric key algorithms. In many quality crypto systems, both algorithm types are used; they are termed 'hybrid systems'. PGP is an early and well-known hybrid system. The receiver's public key encrypts a symmetric algorithm key which is used to encrypt the main message. This combines the virtues of both algorithm types when properly done.

We discuss asymmetric ciphers in much more detail later in the ../Public Key Overview/ and following sections of this book.

Crittografia/Cifrature asimmetriche

title: Cryptography/Asymmetric Ciphers


text:
Siu-Leung Lee

Siu-Leung Lee (李兆良) is the President of Zheng He (Cheng Ho) Society of the Americas, Washington, DC, and editor of Midwestern Epigraphic Society in Columbus, Ohio.

Lee was born in Hong Kong on November 17, 1943. He attended the Chinese University of Hong Kong where he obtained a BSc degree in Biology and then attended Purdue University where he obtained a PhD degree in medical chemistry. Lee worked at Yale University and Texas A&M University before leaving academia to become a research scientist, first at Corning Inc. and then at Battelle Memorial Institute. He served as associate director of the Hong Kong Institute of Biotechnology and general manager of HKIB-Syntex Inc. In 1993 he founded Asiawind.com. He was director of the board of the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium from 2008 to 2010.

Publications

 * Lee, Siu-Leung. "China Mapped America Before 1430." ICC2017 Online Proceedings. Washington, DC, Jul 4, 2017.
 * Lee, Siu-Leung. "Did Chinese Visit Pre-Columbian America? A Few Bones to Pick." Midwestern Epigraphic Society Newsletter 32, no. 1 (2015): 3–6.
 * Lee, Siu-Leung. "Maps that turn world history upside down." Midwestern Epigraphic Society Journal (Midwestern Epigraphic Society) 26-29 (2015): 4-24.
 * Lee, Siu-Leung. "Zheng He's voyages revealed by Matteo Ricci's world map." Chap. 15 in “Zheng He and the Afro-Asian World”, by Lin Sien Chia and Sally K. Church, edited by Lin Sien Chia and Sally K. Church, 307–335. Singapore: International Zheng He Society, 2012.
 * Lee, Siu-Leung李兆良. “Kunyu Wanguo Quantu Yu Li Madou Zhongguo Zaji Zhongwai Yiben Kaoyi 坤舆万国全图与利玛窦中国札记中外译本考疑 [Kunyu Wanguo Quantu and translation of Matteo Ricci's China Journal].” Science of Surveying and Mapping 测绘科学 42, 5 (2017b): 35–43.
 * Lee, Siu-Leung李兆良. “Huang He Gai Dao Yu Ditu Duandai:Zhongguo Dituxue Xichuan Bianzheng 黄河改道与地图断代：中国地图学西传辩证 [The Course of Yellow River and Map Dating].” 测绘科学 42, 4 (2017a): 1-9，16.
 * 李兆良. 《坤輿萬國全圖解密 - 明代中國測繪世界》. (Kun Yu Wan Guo Quan Tu, the first Chinese world map, Linking Publishing Co, 2012. In Chinese). 台北: 聯經出版社, 2012. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>760
 * 李兆良. 《宣德金牌啟示錄-明代開拓美洲》. [Revelation of a Xuande medallion found in America – Ming Chinese contact with America, Linking Publishing Co, 2013. In Chinese.]. 台北: 聯經出版社, 2013. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>838
 * 李兆良. 《坤舆万国全图解密 - 明代中国与世界》. (Decoding Kunyu Wanguo Quantu: Ming China and the World), Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press. 2017. In Simplified Chinese font. 上海交通大學出版社, 2017. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>032
 * 李兆良. 中国发现澳洲 – 鹦哥地、厄蟆、火鸡的启示.. 海交史研究 61 (2012): 60–84.
 * 李兆良. 坤舆万国全图资料源自中国 – 明代环球测绘世界（上）. 郑和研究 80, 编号 4 (2010): 14–20.
 * 李兆良. 坤舆万国全图资料源自中国 – 明代环球测绘世界（下）. 郑和研究 81,  1 (2011): 14–21.
 * Lee, Siu-Leung李兆良.明代中国人环球测绘《坤舆万国全图》—兼论《坤舆万国全图》的作者不是利玛窦. [Ming Chinese circumnavigation and mapped the world - Kunyu Wanguo Quantu not constructed by Matteo Ricci].Science of Surveying and Mapping测绘科学, 217 (7, 2016): 59–66.
 * 李兆良. “郑和船队是否到过美洲.” 东方收藏 27 (2011): 24–26.

title: Siu-Leung Lee


text:
Eicochrysops eicotrochilus

Eicochrysops eicotrochilus, the brachystegia blue, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (South Kivu, Shaba and Lualaba), Angola, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe (Harare District). The habitat consists of Brachystegia woodland.

Adults are on wing from October to February.

title: Eicochrysops eicotrochilus


text:
Talk:HyperText Markup Language/Layers

Hi, i'm Mahi,

I have a html tabbed table.in that i have 6 tabs all are having the same alignment.but some tabs are not fitting with window. means some tabs displaying content with full width and some are not. in table tag i have given the widht="100%" for all tabs (each tab is different table.) can any one help me please.

thanks in advance.

regds, Mahi

title: Talk:HyperText Markup Language/Layers


text:
Talk:Toward a theory of corporate governance in China's socialist market economy

Other notes
http://www.russianeconomy.org/

http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/(iqqcxuy2eukql1452hz0fr45)/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,7,10;journal,7,27;linkingpublicationresults,1:104612,1

TODO
Read J. Qian to make sure I understand the history of corporate governance

Read the Austrian economic journals to see if I'm reinventing an idea that they have and

 * See Dulbecco - Toward an Austrian Theory of the Firm - http://www.gmu.edu/rae/archives/VOL12_1_1999/3_dulbecco&garrouste.pdf

Read world bank report - China's Management of Enterprise Assets: The State As Shareholder

Read http://www.cg.org.cn/

To talk to
Need to talk to Peter G. Klein http://www.dass.missouri.edu/faculty/pklein/papers/

Question
Clarke criticizes the Chinese company law has being inflexible, but the more I read, the more it seems that this is a product of the German characteristics of Chinese law.

China is not a "socialist market economy", it's still a dictatorial regime.
Does the term "human rights" ring a bell for you? <IP_ADDRESS> 17:47, 11 October 2007 (UTC)


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Nigel Moore (cricketer)

Nigel Moore (cricketer)
Created/expanded by AssociateAffiliate (talk). Nominated by Ayanosh (talk) at 10:45, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * ... that the English cricketer Nigel Moore was a golf Blue at Cambridge?

 * Symbol confirmed.svg New enough and long enough. Hook supported by a reliable source. No QPQ needed as not a self-nomination. Cwmhiraeth (talk) 08:53, 14 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Self-limiting

Self-limiting may refer to:

 * Self-limiting (biology), describing an organism or colony of organisms which limits its own growth
 * Governor (device), used to control the speed of mechanical equipment to prevent it from operating at unsafe speeds
 * Electronic speed limiter, a system set by a manufacturer or by a driver to limit the maximum speed which can be reached by a road vehicle

title: Self-limiting


text:
Talk:Entagen

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 6 external links on Entagen. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://masstlcawards.org/2013/uncategorized/hello-world-2/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141019130723/http://thomsonreuters.com/press-releases/022014/Cortellis-Data-Fusion to http://thomsonreuters.com/press-releases/022014/Cortellis-Data-Fusion
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140104182643/http://triplemap.com/ to http://www.triplemap.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130908185026/http://www.entagen.com/extera.php to http://www.entagen.com/extera.php
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131129204338/http://entagen.com/ to http://www.entagen.com/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:47, 21 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Entagen


text:
Filmmaking Basics/Formatting the Script/Completed Assignments

{| cellpadding="15" cellspacing="5" style="width: 100%; background-color: inherit; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto"
 * style="background-color: LemonChiffon; border: 1px solid #777777; vertical-align: top; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 8px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 8px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 8px;" |

Go to the conclusion

 * This was just a quick lesson for you to learn about formatting a script.

 * Still, when you go to Hollywood, people will expect you to format a script perfectly.

 * Therefore, you should read this next page.

 * }


text:
Allan Gibbard

Allan Fletcher Gibbard (born 1942) is the Richard B. Brandt Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Gibbard has made major contributions to contemporary ethical theory, in particular metaethics, where he has developed a contemporary version of non-cognitivism. He has also published articles in the philosophy of language, metaphysics, and social choice theory: in social choice, he first proved the result known today as Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem, which had been previously conjectured by Michael Dummett and Robin Farquharson.

Life and career
Allan Fletcher Gibbard was born on April 7, 1942, in Providence, Rhode Island. He received his BA in mathematics from Swarthmore College in 1963 with minors in physics and philosophy. After teaching mathematics and physics in Ghana with the Peace Corps (1963–1965), Gibbard studied philosophy at Harvard University, participating in the seminar on social and political philosophy with John Rawls, Kenneth J. Arrow, Amartya K. Sen, and Robert Nozick. In 1971 Gibbard earned his PhD, writing a dissertation under the direction of John Rawls.

He served as professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago (1969–1974), and the University of Pittsburgh (1974–1977), before joining the University of Michigan where he spent the remainder of his career until his retirement in 2016. Gibbard chaired the University of Michigan's philosophy department (1987–1988) and has held the title of Richard B. Brandt Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy since 1994.

Gibbard was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1990 and was elected a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences in 2009, one of only two living philosophers to be so honored (the other being Brian Skyrms),. He is also a Fellow of the Econometric Society, and has received Fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities. He served as President of the Central Division of the American Philosophical Association from 2001 to 2002. He gave the Tanner Lectures at the University of California, Berkeley, in 2006.

Social choice theory
Soon after his doctoral degree, Gibbard provided a first proof of a conjecture that strategic voting was an intrinsic feature of non-dictatorial voting systems with at least three choices, a conjecture of Michael Dummett and Robin Farquharson. This work would eventually become known as "Gibbard's theorem", published in 1973. Mark Satterthwaite later worked on a similar theorem which he published in 1975. Satterthwaite and Jean Marie Brin published a paper in 1978 describing Gibbard's and Satterthwaite's mathematical proofs as the "Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem" and described its relationship to Arrow's impossibility theorem.

Gibbard's theorem
In the fields of mechanism design and social choice theory, "Gibbard's theorem" is a result proven by Gibbard in 1973. It states that for any deterministic process of collective decision, at least one of the following three properties must hold:
 * 1) The process is dictatorial, i.e. there exists a distinguished agent who can impose the outcome;
 * 2) The process limits the possible outcomes to two options only;
 * 3) The process is open to strategic voting: once an agent has identified their preferences, it is possible that they have no action at their disposal that best defends these preferences irrespective of the other agents' actions.

A corollary of this theorem is Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem about voting rules. The main difference between the two is that Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem is limited to ranked (ordinal) voting rules: a voter's action consists in giving a preference ranking over the available options. Gibbard's theorem is more general and considers processes of collective decision that may not be ordinal: for example, voting systems where voters assign grades to candidates (cardinal voting). Gibbard's theorem can be proven using Arrow's impossibility theorem.

Gibbard's theorem is itself generalized by Gibbard's 1978 theorem and Hylland's theorem, which extend these results to non-deterministic processes, i.e. where the outcome may not only depend on the agents' actions but may also involve an element of chance. The Gibbard's theorem assumes the collective decision results in exactly one winner and does not apply to multi-winner voting.

Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem
In social choice theory, the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem is a result published independently by Gibbard in 1973 and economist Mark Satterthwaite in 1975. It deals with deterministic ordinal electoral systems that choose a single winner. It states that for every voting rule, one of the following three things must hold:

 * 1) The rule is dictatorial, i.e. there exists a distinguished voter who can choose the winner; or
 * 2) The rule limits the possible outcomes to two alternatives only; or
 * 3) The rule is susceptible to tactical voting: in certain conditions, a voter's sincere ballot may not best defend their opinion.

While the scope of this theorem is limited to ordinal voting, Gibbard's theorem is more general, in that it deals with processes of collective decision that may not be ordinal: for example, voting systems where voters assign grades to candidates. Gibbard's 1978 theorem and Hylland's theorem are even more general and extend these results to non-deterministic processes, i.e. where the outcome may not only depend on the voters' actions but may also involve a part of chance.

Ethical theory
Gibbard is best known in philosophy for his contributions to ethical theory. He is the author of three books in this area. Wise Choices, Apt Feelings: A Theory of Normative Judgment (1990) develops a general theory of moral judgment and judgments of rationality. Gibbard argues that when we endorse someone's action, belief, or feeling as "rational" or warranted we are expressing acceptance of a system of norms that permits it. More narrowly, morality is about norms relating to the aptness of moral feelings (such as guilt and resentment).

Gibbard's second book, Thinking How to Live (2003), offers an argument for reconfiguring the distinctions between normative and descriptive discourse, with implications as to the "long-standing debate" over "objectivity" in ethics and "factuality" in ethics.

Gibbard's third book, Reconciling Our Aims: In Search of Bases for Ethics (2008), from the Tanner Lectures, argues in favour of a broadly utilitarian approach to ethics.

Gibbard's fourth and most recent book is titled Meaning and Normativity (2012).

A recent review, including extensive citing of Gibbard's work above, is in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2015).

General references

 * Allan Gibbard, Wise Choices, Apt Feelings. Description (from back cover) and contents. Harvard University Press, 1990 ISBN 0-674-95378-9
 * ____, Thinking How to Live, Harvard University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-674-01167-8

title: Allan Gibbard


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Attiude (Rapper/Songwriter)

The result was speedy delete. theProject 19:03, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Attiude (Rapper/Songwriter)
Nonnotable rapper; 31 unique Ghits for album title; speediable in my opinion but author keeps removing speedy tag. NawlinWiki 16:34, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Speedy delete I replaced the speedy tag to help this along Wildthing61476 16:45, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, speedy, slow or otherwise. Akradecki 18:01, 11 August 2006 (UTC)


text:
Active (1801 whaler)

Active was a French ship that came into British hands in 1800 as a prize. William Bennet purchased her and named her Active. He employed her as a whaler and she was lost in January 1803 at the start of her second whaling voyage.

Career
Active was first listed in Lloyd's Register in 1801, and in the Register of Shipping for 1802. Both show her master as Jn. Dunn, her owner as Bennett, and her trade as London to the South Seas Fishery.

Captain John Dunn acquired a letter of marque on 16 May 1801. On 22 May Captain John A. Dunn sailed from England on a whaling voyage. He returned on 7 September 1802, having sailed from Saint Helena on 11 July, bound for England. She was valued at £9,000 in 1802.

Captain Lewis (or Louis) Blair sailed Active from England on 27 October 1802.

Fate
Active, Blair, master, was lost in January 1803 at the Island of Desolation. The Register of Shipping for 1804 still carried her with Blair as master.

In April 1804 Captain Blair acquired a letter of marque for the 1804 Active.

title: Active (1801 whaler)


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/Local/localjobs.sulekha.com

Links

 * localjobs.sulekha.com resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Selected additions

 * Displayed 9 additions out of 9 total.	 For more info see WikiProject_Spam/LinkReports/localjobs.sulekha.com

Entry
Log entry for the MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist:

\blocaljobs\.sulekha\.com\b # ADMINNAME # see  [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam/Local/localjobs.sulekha.com ]]

Discussion
See COIBot report for more details.

New data reported. No links left in here mentioned edits. Marked stale. --COIBot (talk) 09:33, 9 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Broadus Erle

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 one external links on Broadus Erle. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100601013057/http://www.curtis.edu:80/about-curtis/history/full-alumni-listing/view-by-last-name.html to http://www.curtis.edu/about-curtis/history/full-alumni-listing/view-by-last-name.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110727082103/http://www.miamichambermusic.org/artists/bios/finearts.html to http://www.miamichambermusic.org/artists/bios/finearts.html
 * Added tag to http://secure.cim.edu/colFaculty.php?div=6
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100515022406/http://www.handelandhaydn.org:80/learn/performers/staff/stepner.htm to http://www.handelandhaydn.org/learn/performers/staff/stepner.htm

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 03:26, 9 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Broadus Erle


text:
Talk:Charles Ekins

Military Order of William / Military William Order
The article mentions an order being provided by the King of the Netherlands, which then links to the Military Order of William. It abbreviates (the same as the source does) I cannot find any other reference to this knighthood online, nor can I find this abbreviation in use to refer to this particular order. Might be that two orders are being confused? effeietsanders 14:41, 28 July 2017 (UTC)
 * As you introduced this fact at creation (based on the source), perhaps you know more of the context. Thanks! effeietsanders 14:42, 28 July 2017 (UTC)

, the source I used was the 1911 Dictionary of National Biography, and if you can't find another source confirming this, it may be that the source is out-of-date/wrong. It's pretty reliable, but there are errors. Thanks, Boleyn (talk) 19:08, 29 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles Ekins


text:
Talk:Objective-C Programming/concepts

The word processor analogy is a bit, hard for a beginner to grasp here. I understand it, but a new programmer may not, or at the very least will likely have a hard time understanding the relationship. In "Programming in Objective-C" by Stephen G. Kochan he uses a car analogy. Might we strive for something a little easier and more simple to understand.

A car is developed from a blue print, or a concept car. Each car that you can buy is an instance of this blue print or concept car. Each instance of this car is an Object Something along those lines?

Or possibly we can relate it to the human body which most people who can read out to understand at this point in their lives.

The human body is an object. The human body is created from a blueprint (our genes). Each person is an "instance" of the human body. I can see this might be more difficult, but I'd almost try to find something like a Car or what have you that you can then break down, a car has an engine, a gas tank, a stereo, etc. This way the example can be used again when describing inheritance later on.

title: Talk:Objective-C Programming/concepts


text:
superbo

Adjective

 * 1)  superb, excellent

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) proud, haughty, presumptuous
 * 2) superb, magnificent

title: superbo


text:
harras

Etymology
From, from ,.

Noun

 * 1) A herd of stud horses.

Etymology
From, borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1) pious, devout, heartfelt, earnest

title: harras


text:
Chikkaiah Naicker College

Chikkaiah Naicker College is a general degree college in Erode, Tamil Nadu. The college is affiliated with Bharathiar University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

History
Chikkaiah Naicker College was founded by M. Chikkaiah Naicker, on 12 July 1954 under the able guidance of social reformer and philanthropist E. V. Ramasamy along with many other philanthropists who generously donated, and appropriately named initially as "Mahajana College" affiliated to the University of Madras. Though the institution is a Government-aided one, it has been directly administered by the Government of Tamil Nadu for the past 17 years (since 1998) through the Regional Joint Director of Collegiate Education, Coimbatore Region and later by appointing him/her as the "Caretaker" for the past 13 years, as per the sec 30 of Tamil Nadu Private Colleges Regulation (TNPCR) Act, 1976.

Academics
Started humbly and exclusively for boys with a strength of 150 students then, it has grown in these sixty years into a co-educational institution, with a strength of 1200 students, offering undergraduates and postgraduate programmes, along with diploma and research programmes.

Accreditation
The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and accredited by NACC with an A Grade

title: Chikkaiah Naicker College


text:
Wikiversity:Quality

__NEWSECTIONLINK__

At Wikiversity, your participation and input is greatly valued. A quick and easy way for you to get involved with Assessment immediately is to express your overall assessment of Wikiversity on a scale of 1 to 10 below. Just place a hash mark (#), your grade (1..10) and four tildes ( ~ ) on a new line.

Only one entry per month, please. Anonymous entries will reflect your IP address. These will be collected and averaged for each month. Comment on the talk page if you like. See Assessment to get really involved.

2006 December

 * 2 CQ 23:13, 23 December 2006 (UTC)
 * 5

2007 January

 * 3 Historybuff 03:59, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

2007 May

 * 3 --Remi 19:32, 24 May 2007 (UTC)

2008 July

 * 7 or maybe 8 - It seems like there may be a solid foundation in place. Emesee 02:52, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
 * With the new main page and the Featured at least the organization + access is better than it was before. People can easier see what is available (if it is good is another question). So, from that point, I would rate it with a 8. Here again a big thank you (in German) to McCormack + the others who helped here.
 * The grade about interaction/working together: 3 (so from what I see, this may totally be wrong from your POV - hit me then)
 * About quality of contents I will not give a value: this is subjective and everybody probably sees it (slightly) different depending on which learning resource they are interested in.
 * If someone wants, let's do a quality model, so we go back from more subjective to less subjective (I don't say rational with purpose): Wikiversity talk:Assessment Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 16:13, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

2008 October

 * almost a 3 unfortunately Emesee 20:47, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

de:Wikiversity:Qualitätssicherung

title: Wikiversity:Quality


text:
Garrel

Garrel is a municipality in the district of Cloppenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km north of Cloppenburg, and 25 km southwest of Oldenburg.

People from Garrel

 * Heinrich Timmerevers (born 1952), German Roman Catholic bishop

title: Garrel


text:
Phostria glyphodoides

Phostria glyphodoides is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found in Colombia.

title: Phostria glyphodoides


text:
Order-3-7 heptagonal honeycomb

In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-3-7 heptagonal honeycomb a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) with Schläfli symbol {7,3,7}.

Geometry
All vertices are ultra-ideal (existing beyond the ideal boundary) with seven heptagonal tilings existing around each edge and with an order-7 triangular tiling vertex figure.

Related polytopes and honeycombs
It a part of a sequence of regular polychora and honeycombs {p,3,p}:

Order-3-8 octagonal honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-3-8 octagonal honeycomb is a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) with Schläfli symbol {8,3,8}. It has eight octagonal tilings, {8,3}, around each edge. All vertices are ultra-ideal (existing beyond the ideal boundary) with infinitely many octagonal tilings existing around each vertex in an order-8 triangular tiling vertex arrangement.

It has a second construction as a uniform honeycomb, Schläfli symbol {8,(3,4,3)}, Coxeter diagram,, with alternating types or colors of cells. In Coxeter notation the half symmetry is [8,3,8,1+] = [8,((3,4,3))].

Order-3-infinite apeirogonal honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-3-infinite apeirogonal honeycomb is a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) with Schläfli symbol {∞,3,∞}. It has infinitely many order-3 apeirogonal tiling {∞,3} around each edge. All vertices are ultra-ideal (Existing beyond the ideal boundary) with infinitely many apeirogonal tilings existing around each vertex in an infinite-order triangular tiling vertex arrangement.

It has a second construction as a uniform honeycomb, Schläfli symbol {∞,(3,∞,3)}, Coxeter diagram,, with alternating types or colors of apeirogonal tiling cells.

title: Order-3-7 heptagonal honeycomb


text:
Zähre

Etymology
From, plural of , a Central German variant of , from , from.

Noun

 * 1)  tear of the eyes

title: Zähre


text:
Portal:Learning Materialsnew/Learning Materialsnew news

"No Longer Free to Choose" by Michael W. Brandl "instructors and colleges are demanding more 'freebies' from publishers, such as PowerPoint slides, computerized test banks, videos and class management programs. All of these items force up the price of textbooks"


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ratbot

The result of the debate was delete. Mailer Diablo 01:49, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Ratbot
The page is about a computer program used by a high school, so I'm guessing its not very notable (no hits for it on google). It also mentions a quake bot, no idea how notable that is. The article is badly written, so if it were to stay it would need a good clean up. I think the article should just redirect to Guided rat. - dr.alf 06:40, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete non-notable video game -- T B C [[Image:Confused-tpvgames.gif|18px|]] ???  ???   ??? 07:02, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete as per above. --Khoikhoi 08:40, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete, WP:NOT for class projects  Dei z io  00:59, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete for all the reasons listed above. HistoryBA 21:31, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ratbot


text:
W. Robert Kohorst

William Robert Kohorst (born February 21, 1953) is an American attorney and businessman who served as the United States Ambassador to Croatia until January 2021.

Early life and education
Kohorst is the son of William Robert and Mary Helen Kohorst.

He graduated from La Salle High School in Pasadena, California, in 1971. He graduated with honors from the University of Dayton with a Bachelor of Science in accounting, in 1975. and earned a Juris Doctor from the University of Michigan Law School in 1978.

Career
Kohorst started his career as a law clerk with Judge Engel at the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in 1978. In 1979, he then went on to work as an attorney for a law office in California, where he made partner in 1982.

Afterwards, Kohorst worked as an investment banker for what later became a Fortune 1000 company and stayed until he founding his own firm, Private placement Group for Public Storage, Inc., a U.S. real estate syndicator, in 1984.

He worked as President in this position until 1990, when he bought two companies and became CEO and principal of Tiger Shark Golf, Inc. and Masquerade International, Inc. and also began serving as President of RK Holdings, Inc. In 1991, Kohorst co-founded KH Financial, Inc., which later became Everest Properties, a company that purchases and operates apartment, self-storage, and retail properties. In 2002, Kohorst began working for Maxus Realty, Inc. and stayed with the company until 2015. From 2015 until 2017, Kohorst served as Director of Posey Company. Today Kohorst is the President, CEO, Chairman and Director of multiple businesses within the Everest Group.

Kohorst donated over $1.1 million to Republican national and state committees and candidates from 2015 to 2017.

He was nominated as United States Ambassador to Croatia in early September 2017, testified before the Senate on October 5 and was confirmed by Senate voice vote on November 2, 2017.

Additional affiliations
Kohorst has served as director and chairman of the San Gabriel chapter of the Young Presidents' Organization, regent of Loyola Marymount University, since 2009 trustee of La Salle College Preparatory, and president of the San Gabriel Valley Council of the Boy Scouts of America.

Kohorst is also a trustee of the Maxus Realty Trust.

Through the Kohorst Allen Family Foundation, which was established in 2008, the family has donated more than $1 million to La Salle College Preparatory and is part of the Saint Benilde Society.

Personal life
Kohorst is married to Shelley Allen, they have two sons and two grandchildren.

title: W. Robert Kohorst


text:
دوار

Etymology 1
-type verbal-noun from the verb.

Noun

 * 1)  vertigo, dizziness, giddiness
 * 2) seasickness

Etymology 2
derived from.

Noun

 * 1) wandering, cruising, going about
 * 2) traveler, nomad, rover, runabout, wanderer, globetrotter
 * 3) explorer
 * 4) perambulator, itinerant
 * 5) rotor, rotator
 * 6) traffic circle
 * 7) eddy, whirlpool, vortex
 * 8)  farm building, farm

Adjective

 * 1) rotary, gyratory, gyrating, revolving, rotating
 * 2) roving, itinerant
 * 3) ambulatory, circulating

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , compare.

Noun

 * 1) door, gate, entrance
 * 2) passage
 * 3) opening
 * 4) access
 * 5) means
 * 6) medium
 * 7) opportunity

Etymology 2
From,.

Noun

 * 1) vertigo, dizziness

Etymology 3
From.

Adjective

 * 1) revolving
 * 2) rotating
 * 3) circling
 * 4) versatile

title: دوار


text:
Stan Yagiello

Stan Yagiello (born May 4, 1963) is a former American football quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys. He also was a member of the Pittsburgh Gladiators and the New York Knights in the Arena Football League (AFL). He played college football at William & Mary.

Early years
Yagiello grew up in Livingston, New Jersey and attended Livingston High School. He was a member of the state champion baseball and football teams where he was first-team All-State in 1979 and 1980. He was selected by the Cleveland Indians in the 16th round of the 1981 MLB Draft.

College career
Yagiello chose to pass on professional baseball and accepted a football scholarship from The College of William & Mary. As a true freshman, he appeared in 3 games as a backup behind Chris Garrity, before being redshirted.

As a redshirt freshman in his first college start against Miami of Ohio Stan threw for 414 yards with 2 TD passes. After an injury in week 3 he platooned at quarterback until the sixth game of the season against Dartmouth College, when he took over the regular starting role.

As a sophomore, he had 18 out of 28 completions for 236 yards, 3 touchdown passes and one rushing touchdown, in a 28–12 win against the Virginia Military Institute.

As a junior, he had 261 completions (school record) out of 428 pass attempts (school record) for 2,801 passing yards (second in school history).

As a fifth year senior, he had 240 completions (second in school history) out of 413 pass attempts (second in school history) for 2,962 passing yards (school record), 23 touchdown passes (school record) and was ranked 11th nationally in passing efficiency. He made 24 completions for 405 yards (school record) and 2 touchdowns, in a 31–14 win against James Madison University. He had 345 passing yards (second in school history) against Norfolk State University.

He finished his college football career as the first four-year starter in school history. He also set career school records with 737 completions out of 1,246 pass attempts for 8,249 passing yards, 51 touchdown passes and twenty 200-yard passing games.

Yagiello also played college baseball, leading his team with a .437 batting average and a .470 on-base percentage as a junior in 1984.

In 1997, he was inducted into the William and Mary Athletics Hall of Fame.

Washington Redskins
Yagiello was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Washington Redskins after the 1986 NFL Draft. On August 18 he was released to make room for quarterback Doug Williams, who was coming from the United States Football League.

Toronto Argonauts
On February 5, 1987, he signed with the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. He was released on June 19.

Montreal Alouettes
In June 1987, after his release from the Argonauts, Yagiello signed with the Montreal Alouettes. He was released after Montreal withdrew from league due to bankruptcy.

Pittsburgh Gladiators (AFL)
On July 6, 1987, he was signed by the Pittsburgh Gladiators of the Arena Football League, to replace backup quarterback Kevin Russell.

Dallas Cowboys
After the NFLPA strike was declared on the third week of the 1987 season, those contests were canceled (reducing the 16-game season to 15) and the NFL decided that the games would be played with replacement players. On September 21, he was signed to be a part of the Dallas Cowboys replacement team. He was a backup quarterback behind Kevin Sweeney, Danny White and Loren Snyder. He was cut on October 7.

New York Knights
In 1987, he was signed by the New York Knights of the Arena Football League to be the backup quarterback. He was released on June 2, 1988.

title: Stan Yagiello


text:
Spanish/Bilingual Spanish-English Dictionary

This project is for people who see a need to develop a suitable environment for Wikiversity dictionary and make a database, for people who would like to offer to participants a "wiki" bilingual dictionary. (related links: *Spanish/Verbs *Spanish_nouns) This project has to develop bilingual Spanish-English and English-Spanish dictionary using the wikimedia software and/or software used by Sandbox Server.

Active Participants

 * Juan 19:45, 6 April 2007 (UTC)
 * J.Steinbock 20:49, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

To Do

 * 1) why not just use wiktionary
 * 2) which software will be used
 * 3) how we make a databasis
 * 4) record pronunciation: yes? no?
 * 5) provide synonyms and antonyms in spanish
 * 6) include commonly used slang terms and phrases


text:
User:Rotxa

I'm spanish native living in England for 10 years. I'm student of maths & computing at the Open University. I'm also interested in (software ) reverse engineering. I translate about this matters EN<->ES<->CA, if you are interested contact me , but be patient because i don't have regular internet access

es:Usuario:Rotxa

title: User:Rotxa


text:
génocide

Etymology
From.

The term "genocide" was coined in English, by (1900–1959), a Polish-Jewish legal scholar, in 1943, firstly from the, or the ; and , from.

Noun

 * 1) genocide

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  genocide

title: génocide


text:
User:BoopyDoopyBoy/sandbox

=Atlantic Hurricane Seasons=

2021 Atlantic Hurricane Season
Note: An * denotes a storm for which post storm analysis is not yet complete

2020 Atlantic Hurricane Season
Note: An * denotes a storm for which post storm analysis is not yet complete

2016 Atlantic Hurricane Season

 * Including Otto's time in the Pacific, the total UACE for the season was 221.835

2010 Atlantic Hurricane Season

 * Including Hermine's time in the Pacific, the total UACE for the season was 267.5875

1996 Atlantic Hurricane Season

 * Including Cesar-Douglas's time in the Pacific, the total UACE for the season was 314.51

title: User:BoopyDoopyBoy/sandbox


text:
Wriggler

Wriggler may refer to:

 * Collared wrigglers, fish in the family Xenisthmidae
 * Wriggler (mosquito larva), larvae of mosquitoes
 * Wriggler (video game), a computer game for the ZX Spectrum

title: Wriggler


text:
Portal:Pakistan/This week in history

 * 8 October 2005: The Kashmir earthquake (also known as the South Asia earthquake or the Great Pakistan earthquake) of 2005, was a major earthquake, of which the epicentre was the Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The earthquake occurred at 08:50:38 Pakistan Standard Time (03:50:38 UTC) on 8 October 2005. It registered 7.6 on the richter scale making it a major earthquake similar in intensity to the 1935 Quetta earthquake, the 2001 Gujarat earthquake, and the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The Pakistani government's official death toll was 73,276, while officials say nearly 1,400 people died in Jammu and Kashmir and fourteen people in Afghanistan. Most of the affected people lived in mountainous regions with access impeded by landslides that blocked the roads, leaving an estimated 3.3 million homeless in Pakistan.

Archive

title: Portal:Pakistan/This week in history