text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Black-necked grebe/archive1

 * The following is an archived discussion of a featured article nomination. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the article's talk page or in Wikipedia talk:Featured article candidates. No further edits should be made to this page.

The article was promoted by Sarastro1 via FACBot (talk) 13:08, 29 October 2017.

Black-necked grebe

 * Nominator(s): RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  & Kostas20142 (talk) 00:48, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

This article is about a grebe that can be found throughout the Northern Hemisphere (and in some places in Africa). Me and Kostas think that the article meets all of the featured article criteria, and I personally think it to be an interesting read. Hope you enjoy it! RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録 00:48, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

Comments from FunkMonk

 * I'll review this soon, but as usual, I have some image suggestions, since the article looks rather empty. FunkMonk (talk) 01:26, 22 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the suggestions! Hopefully the taxonomy section is interesting enough. The original scientific name is the same as it is today, so I didn't have to do too much there. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:42, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

 * We have photos of the juvenile, and though not a particularly good picture, we should always show it if images are available: Also shown in this video, which could be an interesting adittion. As well as this photo of a feeding individual. There seems to be other interesting stuff on Commons as well.
 * Added the first two, but not the third. Although it is interesting, it just shows it eating, not doing things like diving. I did, although, add a picture of the black-necked grebe diving. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:42, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

 * This free photo on Commons seems to show some kind of interesting behaviour (courtship display, according to the caption there):
 * Transferred to Commons and added. It is in fact courtship behaviour. There is actually a name for this; the penguin dance. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  17:08, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

 * It seems off that you use the scientific name in one caption under description, yet the common name in another. Seems the second image shows the other subspecies, so you could state this in the caption.
 * Fixed and done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:23, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

 * You should end each subspecies sentence under taxonomy with a citation for clarity.
 * I'd disagree; I think that it would be unneeded, as the reader should be able to understand that it is all from the same source. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:46, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * As far as I see, there are no such exceptions at Citing sources or Verifiability. Only the lead is exempt from citations. Every stand-alone sentence should be cited, we can never know what the reader may or may not understand. The info could just as well be from different sources, but it isn't apparent. FunkMonk (talk) 20:59, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Oh, I think I understand which sentences you mean. Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  21:57, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "The other subspecies, P. n. gurneyi, is slightly smaller than the other subspecies'" Repetitive.
 * Fixed. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  01:51, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "The adult of this subspecies also has, on its lesser wing-coverts, a rufous-brown tinge." Sentence seems overly convoluted, why not just "The adult of this subspecies also has a rufous-brown tinge on its lesser wing-coverts."
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:14, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "in addition with the tufts" In addition to.
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  01:51, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * It seems a bis strange that you show each subspecies in the taxobox, but one with breeding and one with non-breeding plumage, but then show both under description with non-breeding plumage. Better to show both with breeding plumage in the taxobox, or take the non-breeding image out (you already show it better under description).
 * I switched this up a bit. I'm going to show both in the taxobox (but both will be the nominate subspecies), and then take out one of the images in the description (the one showing the nominate subspecies in non-breeding plumage). I think that it is better to do this because it is better to show the major variations in the species in the taxobox (like how we sometimes show both male and female birds in the taxobox when the two have a large difference). RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:14, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Good idea, wonder why I didn't think of that instead... FunkMonk (talk) 19:48, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "As of 2016, the black-necked grebe is classified as of least concern by the IUCN" Not needed, and repetitive.
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:14, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "classification of the species as of least" Again.
 * I actually changed this to "the current classification of this species" and removed the whole "least concerned" thing, as it is a bit repetitive. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:14, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "In the past, this species was threatened in North America by egg collecting and the millinery industry." When and how?
 * Date not specified (both in the source and in other sources I found), but I specified how the millinery industry affected it (I think it should be pretty clear how egg collecting would affect it). RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:14, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "hunted in the Gilan Province and northern Iran" There should be a way of making it clear that the Gilan Province is in Iran without being repetitive.
 * Fixed this. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:14, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "(although this can vary, with nests ranging from about 20 centimetres (8 in) to over 30 centimetres (12 in)) on average while nests in colonies have an average diameter of about 25.5 centimetres (10 in)." Not sure this very long sentence needs to parenthesis, also looks confusing with the multiple× parentheses within a parenthesis.
 * Fixed this by removing the parenthesis and breaking up the long sentence. Hopefully it works for you. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:34, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "it will often nest in mixed-species colonies." With which other species? I see you mention one species further down, but why not just mention it briefly the first time you mention mixed colonies?
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:34, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "It is suggested that sometimes, some pairs" Why is this only "suggested", when almost everything else is stated as fact?
 * This is suggested because it was inferred from the data; specifically, the author of the paper thought that since there were more nests than grebes at a certain colony, that some grebes watch over more than one nest. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:34, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "individuals used the whole area of the lake" Use the whole area of a lake? Why definite tense?
 * It's definite because I previously used "the breeding lake" (two sentences back) and "the lake" (one sentence back). Thus, since it is already introduced (as the breeding lake), it is definite. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:34, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "with the last note only able to be heard" "Less audible" would sound better, and is less wordy.
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:34, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "This grebe lays one, but sometimes two,[9] clutch" The tenses are messy here, could be rewritten.
 * Rewrote this. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  16:34, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * You use the word "although" an incredible amount of times, could be good with some variation.
 * Fixed. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  16:32, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "Egg in a museum collection" Name the museum, WP:easter egg links are advised against.
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:29, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "This is compared to other species of grebes, which cover up their eggs when leaving the nest." This seems odd. You could say "by comparison, other species" etc.
 * Fixed. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:26, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "Predation does not usually take eggs" This is oddly worded. You could say predators, or "eggs are usually not lost to predation" or such.
 * Reworded. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:26, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * You don't explain why it needs to migrate for moulting
 * I'm guessing you meant to say that I don't need to explain what a moult migration is. I cut that part. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:26, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Hehe, other way around, I was wondering why it has to migrate to moult? FunkMonk (talk) 17:43, 24 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Ah, I see. I added a bit, so one should be able to understand why. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:48, 27 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Is this in US English? You write "moult" (instead of "molt"), which is UK English. You also say colour instead of color.
 * No, it is written in British English. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:26, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Are all those external links really useful?
 * Seems not. I'll keep the Wikispecies and Commons links, but I will get rid of the rest with the exception of the link to Cornell. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:26, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * "this bird greyish-black upperparts," Has?
 * Fixed. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:26, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

 * I only see one unanswered issue left, then I can support. FunkMonk (talk) 21:46, 27 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Support - everything nicely addressed. FunkMonk (talk) 22:00, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

Sources review
Only minor issues:
 * Ref 2: You should note that the source language is German
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:55, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Ref 10 carries a "subscription required" note, yet it's the same source as ref 6, which doesn't.
 * The latter is in fact a different source that is freely accessible. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:55, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Publisher locations missing from 11, 14 and 29
 * Done, except for 29, which should be a journal, which I have now converted it to. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:55, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

Otherwise, all sources appear to be of appropriate quality and reliability. Brianboulton (talk) 15:58, 28 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I have replied to all of your comments. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  02:20, 1 October 2017 (UTC)
 * All sources issues resolved. Brianboulton (talk) 08:02, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

Comments from Sabine's Sunbird
Glad to see the bird train continued while I was on holiday. Some comments:
 * Taxonomy is a bit threadbare. No reference to relationships with other grebes within its genus. HBW notes that Sometimes placed in genus Dytes (not noted at all in article) and Often considered to include †P. andinus as a race. (the extinct Andean Grebe) and Also closely related to P. juninensis, P. occipitalis and P. taczanowskii. Older specific name caspicus officially suppressed. E African birds sometimes placed instead in race nigricollis. All of these points probably merit mention. Sabine's Sunbird  talk  05:19, 4 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I actually got myself to search through the archives for the story behind this. Hopefully it will now satisfy you. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  22:48, 4 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Tres bien. I'll go through the rest tomorrow. Sabine's Sunbird  talk  08:59, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Some weird stuff happening with structure. Information about migration is pretty thin and scattered around article. The following from BNA would add some context to the single statement of the wintering grounds of NA birds for example: Despite broad breeding range, main winter range is fairly restricted. Hundreds of thousands, the vast majority of the population, evidently winter around islands in the n. and central Gulf of California, with additional tens of thousands on the Salton Sea, CA. Several thousand winter on salinas at Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur (Carmona and Danemann 1998); only small numbers are reported elsewhere.
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:38, 9 October 2017 (UTC)

 * The bird migrates in winter, to places such as the Palearctic and east Africa and Asia. This is very imprecise and not very helpful. Birds migrate to Asia from Asia?
 * Clarified. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:38, 9 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Palearctic Is a similarly unhelpful descriptor of its wintering range. Click on the link to see. Sabine's Sunbird  talk  05:28, 15 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I specified where (in terms of direction). Hopefully that clears things up. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  00:06, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * it travels as much as 6,000 kilometres (3,700 miles) to reach prosperous areas that are exploited by few other species Prosperous is an unusual word here.
 * I would disagree; they fly to areas where there is basically shrimp (and really only shrimp) everywhere. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:38, 9 October 2017 (UTC)
 * It is usually used in a financial sense or referring to success. I have never seen it refer to the natural wealth or condition of a land, only in the sense that it is used. Sabine's Sunbird  talk  08:28, 10 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Huh, maybe it is a difference between American and New Zealand literature. Anyways, would "flourishing" do? RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  11:00, 10 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Nah, I moved here but grew up in the US and UK. I would say to reach rich feeding areas... Sabine's Sunbird  talk  07:16, 11 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:24, 11 October 2017 (UTC)

 * The legs only move when they are underwater.  maybe the legs on start moving? Sabine's Sunbird  talk  01:14, 8 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:38, 9 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I'm done! RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:37, 12 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Pair formation in the black-necked grebe starts during pauses in the migration to the breeding grounds. It continues through the breeding season, and sometimes occurs on the wintering grounds. This suggests that it can start before the pauses. Also, perhaps it is fair to say it happens during migration, and qualify after?
 * Fixed. The source doesn't say, although, that it happens during migration itself. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:36, 15 October 2017 (UTC)

 * The eggs, although they are not initially spotted, do get stained by the plant matter that the nest is built out of.  Does this mean that the stains are always spotted in appearance?
 * No, my bad. Fixed. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  16:15, 16 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Predation is usually not the primary cause of egg loss, with most failures occurring when the chicks have hatched this is the first introduction of the concept of nesting failure in the article, so I would preceed failure with the word nesting. Sabine's Sunbird   talk  05:28, 15 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:36, 15 October 2017 (UTC)

Coordinator query:, do you have anything further to add here? Sarastro1 (talk) 21:31, 19 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Not logged in (at work) but my comment about Palearctic remains unanswered above. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:49, 19 October 2017 (UTC)
 * In the lead It occasionally practices foliage gleaning. is this common enough to warrant mention here?
 * Yep. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:28, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * In the subspecies description section you render the names of subspecies three different ways, one just the subspecific epithet, once the full trinomial and once the trinomial with the genus and species abbreviated. Is there a reason for this inconsistency?
 * When I used just the epithet, I was saying something specific about the epithet itself (the etymology, in this case). I only used the abbreviation after I had already written out the genus (or species) that I abbreviated in full. Hopefully that makes sense. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:28, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * When breeding, the black-necked grebe gives a quiet "ooeek" that ascends in pitch from an already high pitch. This call is also used as a territorial call Is the "when breeding" referring to the whole season or the actual act? If the whole season then is there another specific behaviour or purpose alluded to in the first sentence? Also, how can the call be territorial when the species is noted not to be territorial later in the article?
 * The source doesn't specify in relation to the first sentence. Second, it was only mentioned that it wasn't territorial when courting. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:56, 20 October 2017 (UTC)
 * If the species is territorial in other contexts it should be mentioned to avoid the misunderstanding that I mentioned being made. I did some follow up research and I see the species maintains a small breeding territory in the immediate vicinity of the nest. Sabine's Sunbird  talk  18:41, 21 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Added. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:40, 21 October 2017 (UTC)

 * This grebe is silent when it is not breeding[4] and when it is feeding or resting per above it would be good to make the distinction between seasons and behaviours more explicit here.
 * Luckily, the source does specify here. Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  19:56, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * After a period of time, it migrates to winter in places such as Maybe After completing its moult they may remain on the lakes for several months before moving to their wintering grounds (BNA).
 * Changed it to something similar. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:49, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * This has the effect of the behaviour of black-necked grebes changing in response to the availability of brine shrimp;  very wordy, maybe The behaviour or black-necked grebes changes in response to the availability of brine shrimp;
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:49, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * This species builds its floating nest in the usually shallow water of[21] open lakes.[22] The nest itself is anchored to the lake by plants try  The black-necked grebe nests on open lakes, building a floating nest in shallow water and anchoring it to plants - a little simpler and you don't have to cite mid sentence without a punctuation mark. Sabine's Sunbird  talk  19:29, 20 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Actually, I messed up here. Citation 21 doesn't support it; instead, citation 22 supports it. So, I will correct that. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:49, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Support Sabine's Sunbird  talk  04:43, 23 October 2017 (UTC)

support Comments from Cas Liber
Taking a look now....

 *  There are currently three accepted subspecies, including the nominate subspecies. - err, why mention the nominate here? Comes over as odd...
 * So that people don't assume that there are three accepted subspecies, in addition to the nominate. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  12:31, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I'd move mention to the sentence The subspecies californicus can be distinguished by its usually longer bill.  --> "The subspecies californicus can be distinguished (from the nominate subspecies) by its usually longer bill. "
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:03, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * To get crustaceans, molluscs, tadpoles, and small frogs and fish, this grebe dives. - odd flow and odd use of "get" - I'd rejig as "This grebe dives to catch/hunt crustaceans, molluscs, tadpoles, and small frogs and fish."
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:03, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * link brine shrimp in lead.
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:03, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * date Brehm's description in the body of text
 * Done RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  12:31, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 *  This grebe eats mostly insects (both adult and larval insects) ...why not just say "This grebe eats mostly insects, of both adult and larval stages.."
 * Done. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:03, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

Been busy and rushed for time. Will have another look later, but looking on track...Cas Liber (talk · contribs) 04:09, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

 * link moult at first instance in body, link biotoxin.
 * Done; also changed the link to moult in the lead to the first occurrence (to "moulting"). RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  13:58, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

Otherwise I think that's about it. Not seeing any prose clangers and looks pretty comprehensive so cautious support Cas Liber (talk · contribs) 07:38, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

Source Review from Adityavagarwal

 * No issues source wise, and really good sources cited. No copyvio issues either. Support Adityavagarwal (talk) 15:30, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

Coordinator query: are you supporting this on sourcing, or in general? I only ask because it is not clear on what grounds you are supporting, and we had a source review earlier in this FAC. Sarastro1 (talk) 21:31, 19 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Sarastro1 I thought the previous source review was on general formatting and reliability, and not on spot checks, right? So, I supported on just sources, and not prose (meaning it is all clear source-wise, and spot checks were also fine). It is not included in the general three prose reviews required for an FAC. It is just to mention clearly that source review went all fine! If support should not be mentioned for this and just the sentence stating that the source review went fine, please let me know! :) Adityavagarwal (talk) 06:48, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

Image review

 * File:Black-necked Grebe Schwarzhalstaucher.jpg: Where does the license come from?
 * From here. What that means, I have no idea. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  20:58, 21 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Sounds like it's copyrighted to me. May want to ask on commons:User talk:Merops why they did upload the image under that license. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 08:49, 22 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Done. Hopefully they reply soon. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  21:58, 24 October 2017 (UTC)
 * It seems very likely the Commons user is the photographer, as he also links the website the image is from on his userpage. An email is also listed in the file description, so the photographer can also be contacted there. FunkMonk (talk) 22:43, 24 October 2017 (UTC)
 * And the smoking gun is that the English userpage Merops links to is called Andreas Trepte, like the photographer: FunkMonk (talk) 22:44, 24 October 2017 (UTC)
 * File:Podiceps nigricollis 001.jpg: License and use seem fine for me.
 * File:Black-necked Grebe-map-location-map-en.svg: Use seems fine, the file relies on File:Black-necked Grebe-map-localisation-fr.svg whose source link is broken.
 * File:Eared Grebe.jpg: Use is fine, the lack of author information is innocuous (may merit a change in Information if anywhere) but lack of EXIF makes the license a tiny little questionable. Caption information depends on the map seems like.
 * File:Podiceps nigricollis IMG 4467.jpg: License and use seems fine, assuming that the license changed after the upload to Commons.
 * File:Geoorde fuut met jongen-4961573.webm: License and use seem fine, wondering where in the source the license is stated however.
 * It's stated in a link near the bottom of the about page on the source website. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  17:25, 21 October 2017 (UTC)
 * File:Eared Grebe Courting Display<PHONE_NUMBER>5).jpg: License and use seem fine for me.
 * File:Podiceps nigricollis MWNH 1923.JPG: License and use seem fine for me.
 * File:Podiceps nigricollis diving.JPG: License and use seem fine for me.
 * No ALT text so no comments on it. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 15:57, 21 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I have now added alt text, if you want to take a look. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  01:51, 29 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Seems OK to me. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 09:33, 29 October 2017 (UTC)

Coordinator comment: I notice that there is still an unaddressed issue with one of the lead images, and I'd like that to be sorted before we promote. Otherwise, we are good to go. In the meantime, if someone could have a look at the use of "however" in the article (see WP:HOWEVER) as it is often unnecessary. Finally, I note that there is no alt text in the article. While this is not an explicit FA requirement, and is not an obligation, I always feel that FAs should demonstrate best practice on this issue. Sarastro1 (talk) 22:19, 24 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Can I just check how we are progressing on this last issue? Also,, if we cannot get a response from the uploader, what is the best way to move forward on this? Sarastro1 (talk) 10:42, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * The question of the first image touches on one of the least likeable aspects of Wikipedia's copyright policy (at least for me). Unless people really are questioning the copyright status of the first image, I'd recommend to leave it but to ask Merops again to clarify the copyright status (RileyBugz did actually post that question and immediately reverted themselves, so I am not sure if Merops actually saw it or no). Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 11:01, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I did it because it seems that FunkMonk has basically solved the mystery. I'm willing to revert myself again, though. RileyBugz 会話 投稿記録  15:20, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * OK, pardon me if I'm being thick, but I'm still not sure if the image issue is resolved, and if not, what remains to be done. Sarastro1 (talk) 17:53, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * We do not have any explicit link from the website to the Commons uploader, that's is my only issue. I see no reason to doubt that Merops is the same person as the copyright owner of that website, so I'd accept that the image is freely licensed but would encourage Merops to say so on the website as well, otherwise people will be confused. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 19:43, 28 October 2017 (UTC)

Closing comment: OK, I'm assuming from this that the images are all good to go and will be promoting shortly. Sarastro1 (talk) 13:08, 29 October 2017 (UTC)

Sarastro1 (talk) 13:08, 29 October 2017 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Don Eddy

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title: Talk:Don Eddy


text:
User:Shailu111

shailendra singh (ADVOCATE) M.P. STATE CO-OPPRATIVE TRIBUNAL VINDYACHAL BHAVAN BHOPAL == ADDRESS 230,VAISHNAVE APPARTMENT D BLOCK SURENDRA PLACE BHOPAL

==

title: User:Shailu111


text:
Optics/Authors

Faraaz Damji (Frazzydee) will try and expand this book.

Eric Husman is working on some related wikipedia entries which may be imported to this book

Cesar Cusatis will try to write a short note about this insteresting topic.

JoeyPhoton will help out with the book and anything related to optics, as based on their optics courses.

title: Optics/Authors


text:
User:Octane Orange/sandbox

Bruno Mars began his life in Hawaii, before moving to Los Angeles at the age of 7. In L.A he was raised by his mother and father along with his two brothers. He left his local high when he was 16 and began to take his music more seriously from then on.

title: User:Octane Orange/sandbox


text:
User:Amitchell125/guthrum

Guthrum (died c. 890), christened Æthelstan, was King of the Danish Vikings in the Danelaw. He is mainly known for his conflict with Alfred the Great.

Guthrum, founder of the Danelaw
Although it's unknown how Guthrum consolidated his rule as king over the other Danish chieftains of the Danelaw (Danish ruled territory of England), what is known is that by 874 he was able to wage a war against Wessex and its King, Alfred. By 876, Guthrum had been able to acquire various parts of the kingdoms of Mercia and Northumbria and then turn his attention to acquiring Wessex, where his first confrontation with Alfred took place on the south coast. Guthrum sailed his army around Poole Harbour and linked up with another Viking army that was invading the area between the Frome and Trent rivers which was ruled by Alfred. According to the historian Asser, Guthrum’s initial battle with Alfred resulted in a victory, as he was able to capture “the castellum” as well as the ancient square earthworks known as the “Wareham” where a convent of nuns existed. Alfred was able to broker a peace settlement, but by 877 this peace was broken as Guthrum led his army raiding further into Wessex, thus forcing Alfred to confront him in a series of skirmishes that Guthrum continued to win. At Exeter, which Guthrum had also captured, Alfred made a peace treaty with the result that Guthrum left Wessex to winter in Gloucester.

Surprise attack
On Epiphany, 6 January 878, Guthrum made a surprise night-time attack on Alfred and his court at Chippenham, Wiltshire. It being a Christian feast day the Saxons were presumably taken by surprise—indeed it is possible that Wulfhere, the Ealdorman of Wiltshire, allowed the attack either through negligence or intent, for on Alfred's return to power later in 878 Wulfhere was stripped of his role as Ealdorman.

Alfred fled the attack with a few retainers and took shelter in the marshes of Somerset, staying in the small village of Athelney. Over the next few months he built up his force and waged a guerrilla war against Guthrum from his fastness in the fens. After a few months Alfred called his loyal men to Egbert's Stone, and from there they travelled to Ethandun to fight the invaders.

Defeat by Alfred
Guthrum might have succeeded in conquering all of Wessex if he had not suffered a defeat at the hands of Alfred at the Battle of Edington in 878. At the Battle of Edington, Guthrum’s entire army was routed by Alfred's and fled to their encampment where they were besieged by Alfred's fyrd for two weeks. According to the Anglo Saxon Chronicle, Guthrum’s army was able to negotiate a peace treaty known as the Treaty of Wedmore. The Anglo Saxon Chronicle recorded the event:
 * “Then the raiding army granted him (Alfred) hostages and great oaths that they would leave his kingdom and also promised him that their king (Guthrum) would receive baptism; and they fulfilled it. And three weeks later the king Guthrum came to him, one of thirty of the most honourable men who were in the raiding army, at Aller - and that is near Athelney - and the king received him at baptism; and his chrism losing was at Wedmore.”

Conversion to Christianity and peace
Under the Treaty of Wedmore the borders dividing the lands of Alfred and Guthrum were established, and perhaps more importantly, Guthrum converted to Christianity and took on the Christian name Æthelstan with Alfred as his godfather. Guthrum's conversion to Christianity served as an oath or legal binding to the treaty, making its significance more political than religious.

Politically, of course, Guthrum’s conversion to Christianity did nothing to loosen the Danish hold on the lands that Guthrum had already acquired via conquest. Instead it not only garnered Guthrum recognition among Christian communities he ruled, but also legitimized his own authority and claims. By adopting the Christian name of Æthelstan, which was also the name of Alfred’s eldest brother, Guthrum’s conversion "reassured" his newly acquired subjects that they would continue to be ruled by a Christian king rather than a heathen chieftain.

Guthrum upheld his end of the treaty and left the boundary that separated the Danelaw from English England unmolested. Guthrum, although failing to conquer Wessex, turned towards the lands to the east that the treaty had allotted under his control free of interference by Alfred. Guthrum withdrew his army from the western borders facing Alfred's territory and moved eastward before eventually settling in the Kingdom of Guthrum in East Anglia in 879. He lived out the remainder of his life there until his death in 890. According to the Annals of St Neots (ed. D. Dumville and M. Lapidge, Cambridge 1984), a Bury St Edmunds compilation, Guthrum was buried at Headleage, usually identified as Hadleigh, Suffolk.

Popular culture
Guthrum appears in a several works of fiction, including:

 * Bernard Cornwell's series of historical novels, The Saxon Stories: The Last Kingdom, The Pale Horseman, The Lords of the North and Sword Song.
 * G. K. Chesterton's poem The Ballad of the White Horse.
 * C. Walter Hodges' juvenile historical novels The Namesake and The Marsh King.

title: User:Amitchell125/guthrum


text:
палити

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  burn

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to kindle, light, set fire to
 * 2)  to burn

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to burn
 * 2) to smoke (cigarettes, tobacco)

title: палити


text:
Paul Meier (athlete)

Paul Meier (born 27 July 1971 in Velbert) is former German decathlete who won a bronze medal at the 1993 World Championships in Athletics in Stuttgart where he set a personal best of 8548 points. A year earlier he had finished in sixth place at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

At the 1996 European Cup for Decathlon in Lage, Meier injured himself in the long jump and was unable to participate in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. His personal best of 8548 points ranks him seventh among German decathletes, behind Jürgen Hingsen, Uwe Freimuth, Siegfried Wentz, Frank Busemann, Torsten Voss and Guido Kratschmer.

On 30 April 2004 he married high jumper Heike Henkel.

title: Paul Meier (athlete)


text:
Wim Dooijewaard

Wim Dooijewaard (7 October 1892 – 17 July 1980) was a Dutch painter. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

title: Wim Dooijewaard


text:
User:Praisebasa/Sample page

Praisebasa is a Zimbabwean rapper aged 22 years from chitungwiza,Harare Zimbabwe

title: User:Praisebasa/Sample page


text:
American Friends

American Friends is a 1991 British film starring Michael Palin. It was written by Palin and its director, Tristram Powell.

Plot
Palin plays Francis Ashby, a senior Oxford professor on holiday in the Swiss Alps in 1861. There he meets the American Caroline Hartley (Connie Booth) and her 18-year-old ward Elinor (Trini Alvarado). Ashby is drawn to them both, particularly Elinor, but is rather surprised when they arrive in Oxford and rent a house. Women are not allowed in the college, nor are fellows allowed to marry, which puts him in an embarrassing situation. Ashby's rival for the post of college president, Oliver Syme (Alfred Molina), takes full advantage of this to try to discredit Ashby.

Inspiration
The plot was based on a real-life incident involving Palin's great-grandfather, Edward Palin.

Cast

 * Michael Palin - Rev. Francis Ashby
 * Trini Alvarado - Elinor Hartley
 * Connie Booth - Caroline Hartley
 * Alfred Molina - Oliver Syme
 * Bryan Pringle - Haskell
 * Fred Pearson - Hapgood
 * Susan Denaker - Mrs. Cantrell
 * Jonathan Firth - Cable
 * Ian Dunn - Gowers
 * Robert Eddison - William Granger Rushden
 * David Calder - Pollitt
 * Simon Jones - Anderson
 * Charles McKeown - Maynard
 * Roger Lloyd-Pack -  Dr. Butler
 * John Nettleton - Rev. Groves
 * Alun Armstrong - Dr. Victor Weeks
 * Sheila Reid - Mrs. Weeks
 * Edward Rawle-Hicks - John Weeks
 * Markus Gehrig - Swiss Guide
 * Jo Stone-Fewings - Undergraduate
 * Jimmy Jewel - Ashby Senior
 * Wensley Pithey - Cave
 * Arthur Howard - Voe
 * Charles Simon - Canon Harper
 * Adrian Gannon - Extra

Awards
The film won the Writers' Guild of Great Britain Award for Best film/screenplay.

Discography
The CD soundtrack composed by Georges Delerue is available on Music Box Records label.

title: American Friends


text:
Wikipedia:United States Education Program/Courses/Independent Research (Kim Barchard)/Course description

Mission Statement
The Interactive Measurement Group will: (1) prepare students for post-baccalaureate education and careers, by helping them identify career and educational goals, develop their leadership and teamwork skills, develop their communication (oral and written) and computer skills, and develop their research skills; and (2) conduct research on psychometric topics, by collecting, scoring, and analyzing data on psychometric topics, and presenting results in professional forums (e.g., conferences, publications).

Course description
This course will introduce students to all aspects of the research process, including (1) literature review, (2) study design and creation, and (3) scoring, data analysis, and presentation. Students will read and present research literature. They will be involved in the creation and administration of new research studies. They will score, enter, and analyze data. They will present research findings both verbally and in written form.

As part of this work, students will edit Wikipedia pages. They will learn about topics that are relevant to our research and share that knowledge with others through Wikipedia.

([ Click to return to your main course page and continue.])


text:
Gold Point Mill

Gold Point Mill, located is on United States Forest Service Road 222 near Elk City in Idaho County, Idaho. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

The building, on a hillside, is a shed-roofed rectangular building constructed in 1936 which housed machinery for amalgamation and concentration of gold ore. It was deemed significant "because it reflects the 1930s boom in lode mining in Idaho County caused by higher prices of gold and improved transportation [and] because of its architectural design and its extraordinarily well-preserved interior. Still intact inside the mill are the jaw crusher, ball mill, rake classifier, bucket elevator, and shaker tables, plus drive shafts, water pipes, launders, and miscellaneous other machinery. The flow of ore inside the mill can be followed from the coarse ore bin at the top to the troughs for concentrates at the bottom. The mill only processed ore for a very short period before the company ran out of cash and of gold-bearing ore, but this is typical of many Idaho County lode mines of this period. Gold Point Mines owned the mill and associated claims and other improvements from 1934 until 1957; they sold to the property to Floyd Patrin, who owned it until 1996. The mill itself has excellent integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. The only major changes to the exterior of the mill are the loss of the metal shed housing the steam plant and the loss of the log trestle that supported a ramp leading to the hopper of the coarse ore bin."

title: Gold Point Mill


text:
Osmer B. Wheeler

Osmer Beech Wheeler (February 14, 1809 Bethel, Fairfield County, Connecticut – August 11, 1906 Middletown, Orange County, New York) was an American politician from New York.

Life
He was the son of Jesse Wheeler, a lawyer. Osmer B. Wheeler became a tanner, and in 1830 removed to Greene County, New York where he worked as a foreman at Zadock Pratt's tannery. In 1833, he married Rebecca Jones, and they had six children. About 1838, he removed to Sullivan County, New York, established there his own tannery in a place which lies now in the Town of Forestburgh.

Wheeler was a Know Nothing member of the New York State Senate (9th D.) in 1858 and 1859.

Death
Osmer died on August 11, 1906 Middletown, Orange County, New York. He was buried at the Hillside Cemetery in Middletown.

title: Osmer B. Wheeler


text:
Walter Baine

Walter Baine (1781–1851) was a Scottish merchant and Whig Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Greenock from 1845 to 1847.

Baine was a principal in Baine, Johnston and Company, a trading firm based in Greenock and Newfoundland.

title: Walter Baine


text:
pervertire

Etymology
, with change of conjugation.

Verb

 * 1)  to pervert, to corrupt

Conjugation
Including lesser-used forms:

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) perversion

title: pervertire


text:
Beck Hopelessness Scale

The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is a 20-item self-report inventory developed by Dr. Aaron T. Beck that was designed to measure three major aspects of hopelessness: feelings about the future, loss of motivation, and expectations. It is a true-false test is designed for adults, age 17–80. It measures the extent of the respondent's negative attitudes, or pessimism, about the future. It may be used as an indicator of suicidal risk in depressed people who have made suicide attempts. It is not designed for use as a measure of the hopelessness construct but has been used as such. Sufficient data about the use of the test with those younger than 17 has not been collected. It may be administered and scored by paraprofessionals, but must be used and interpreted only by clinically trained professionals, who can employ psychotherapeutic interventions. Norms are available for suicidal patients, depressed patients, and drug abusers.

Reliability and validity
The BHS moderately correlates with the Beck Depression Inventory, although research shows that the BDI is better suited for predicting suicidal ideation behavior. The internal reliability coefficients are reasonably high (Pearson r = 0.82 to 0.93 in seven norm groups), but the BHS test-retest reliability coefficients are modest (0.69 after one week and 0.66 after six weeks).

Dowd and Owen both positively reviewed the effectiveness of the instrument, with Dowd concluding that the BHS was "a well-constructed and validated instrument, with adequate reliability".

DMCA notice
In 2012, the scale became the subject of a much circulated DMCA notice that resulted in the temporary shutdown of 1.45 million education blogs due to the scale's inclusion in a single blog several years prior to the incident, sparking widespread indignation. Beck Hopelessness Scale is sold as a product by Pearson, along with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II).

Questionnaire
The Beck Hopelessness Scale questionnaire consists of twenty true/false questions examining the respondent's attitude for the past week, such as:

 * I might as well give up because there's nothing I can do to make things better for me
 * I happen to be particularly lucky and I expect to get more of the good things in life than the average person
 * I never get what I want, so it's foolish to want anything
 * My past experiences have prepared me well for my future

title: Beck Hopelessness Scale


text:
User:Athrash/Template

Section 1
For each page with more than three headings, a table of contents (TOC) is automatically generated from the section headings, unless: When either or  (with two underscores on either side of the word) is placed in the wikitext, a TOC is added even if the page has fewer than four headings.
 * (for a user) preferences are set to turn it off
 * (for an article) the magic word (with two underscores on either side of the word) is added in the edit box

With, the TOC is placed before the first section header. With, it is placed at the same position where this code is placed. This allows any positioning, also e.g. on the right, and in a table cell, and it also allows multiple occurrence, e.g. in every section (demonstrated on m:Help talk:Section; however, this seems only useful if the sections are long, so that the TOCs take up only a small part of the total space.).

Thus there may be some introductory text before the TOC, known as the "lead". Although usually a header after the TOC is preferable, can be used to avoid being forced to insert a meaningless header just to position the TOC correctly, i.e., not too low.

Preferences can be set to number the sections automatically.

In a page calling a template with sections, the sections in the template are numbered according to their position in the rendered page, e.g. if the template tag is in the third section, then the first section of the template is numbered four. Any text in the template before its first section shows up as part of the section with the template tag, and any text after the tag before a new header shows up as part of the last section of the template. This may be done deliberately, but can usually better be avoided (see also below).

Using it's possible to disable the normal Table of Contents. Section links as explained below allow to create compact ToCs, e.g. alphabetical A B etc.

The Table of contents can be forced onto a floating table on the right hand of the screen with the code below

title: User:Athrash/Template


text:
Portal:Spanish/Spanish stream

If you are interested in this learning project:
 * Students
 * 1) Add the Student Template in your user page, this userbox inserts you automatically in the category of Spanish students; this template also has links to your personal exercises page (User: / ), and to the language division.
 * 2) Add the template langlevel in your new Spanish exercises page (User:/Spanish, you have a link in the userbox: STUDENT), this new page will be for your Spanish 'homeworks'.
 * 3) Start the first lesson of your Spanish level.
 * Teachers
 * 1) Add the template teacher in your user page, this userbox inserts you automatically in the category of Spanish teachers.
 * 2) Add the template control in your new Students control page (User:/Spanish, you have a link in the userbox: TEACHER), this new page will be useful for your work.
 * 3) Visit the teachers' page.

title: Portal:Spanish/Spanish stream


text:
Java lang Math

The  class provides methods for doing math. Go figure.

Static Methods
The  class's methods are static. This is a fairly advanced concept, but here's a brief overview.

Normal (non-static) methods are run inside a specific object. To use them, you have to have a specific object, usually through a constructor (with the  keyword):

MyObject obj = new MyObject; obj.myMethod;

Static methods, however, run inside the entire class. To use them, append a period and the name of the method, as usual, to the name of the class:

MyObject.myStaticMethod;

Returns the closest  value to $$e$$, Euler's number. $$e$$ is defined $$e = \lim_{x \to \infty} \left ( 1 + \frac{1}{x} \right )^x \approx 2.718281828459045$$.

Returns the closest  value to $$\pi$$ (pi). $$\pi$$ is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, $$\approx 3.141592653589573$$.

Methods in
You'll see that many of the methods listed here have multiple signatures. Why is this? is a utility class, which means it exists to make your code as simple as possible. It often has multiple versions of the same method with different parameters and return types so you don't have to bother with converting your variable to a type that  uses. Which version of the method is actually called depends on what paramter types you give it. In the case of, it doesn't matter; all versions of the same method do the same thing, just with different return types to match the parameter type.

(Incidentally, the technique of having methods with the same name is called overloading methods.)

Signatures: public static double abs(double a) public static float abs(float a) public static int abs(int a) public static long abs(long a)

Returns the absolute value of : $$|a| = \begin{cases}a & \mbox{if }a > 0 \\ 0 & \mbox{if } a = 0 \\ -a & \mbox{if } a < 0 \end{cases}$$

Signature: public static double ceil(double a)

Returns the "ceiling" of ; that is, the least integer greater than or equal to. For the mathematically inclined, returns an integer $$x$$ such that $$x \ge a$$ and there exists no integer $$y$$ such that $$x > y \ge a$$.

For example:

 * returns 6

 * returns 3

 * returns -2

Signature: public static double floor(double a)

Returns the "floor" of ; that is, the greatest integer less than or equal to. For the mathematically inclined, returns an integer $$x$$ such that $$x \le a$$ and there exists no integer $$y$$ such that $$x < y \le a$$.

For example:

 * returns 5.0

 * returns 3

 * returns -3

, ,
Signatures: public static double cos(double a) public static double sin(double a) public static double tan(double a)

Returns the cosine/sine/tangent of. is measured in radians.

Degree/Radian Conversion
Signatures: public static double toDegrees(double angrad) public static double toRadians(double angdeg)

Convert between degrees and radians. accepts a radian measurement and returns the equivalent degree measurement;  works the other way around.

Exponentiation
Signature: public static double pow(double a, double b) public static double exp(double a)

returns  raised to the power of  : $$a^b$$.

returns $$e$$ raised to the power of : $$e^a$$. This is equivalent to the call.

Roots
Signatures: public static double sqrt(double a) public static double cbrt(double a)

Returns the square root or cubic root  of.

Note that there is no generic  method for $$\sqrt[a]{b}$$. If you need a root other than square or cubic, use the  method. Math shows us that $$\sqrt[a]{b} = b^{1/a}$$, so you can use  for the  -th root of   ($$\sqrt[b]{a}$$).

Logarithms
Signatures: public static double log(double a) public static double log10(double a)

Returns the logarithm base-$$e$$ or base-10  of.

Note that there is no generic  method for $$\log_a b$$. You can use the mathematical identity $$\log_a b = \frac{\log_x b}{\log_x a}$$ for any $$x$$. So to find $$\log_a b$$, use the code. (You could use  method, too, but   involves less typing.)

(Pseudo-)Random Number Generation
There is no truely random number generator; the best computers can come up with are algorithms for generating unpredictable numbers based on a seed value. These unpredictable numbers are called pseudo-random.

Signature: public static double random

produces a random number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive): returns $$x$$ such that $$0 \le x < 1$$.

Rounding
Signatures: public static double rint(double a) public static long round(double a) public static int round(float a)

Rounds  to the nearest mathematical integer.

(from round to integer) returns a  type that is guaranteed to be an integer. If  is equally distant from two integers, this method returns the even integer.

returns a  type of   rounded to an integer. Calculated mathematically by $$\lfloor a + 0.5 \rfloor$$, or.

returns an  type of   rounded to an integer. Calculated mathematically by $$\lfloor a + 0.5 \rfloor$$, or.

and
Signatures: public static double max(double a, double b) public static float max(float a, float b) public static int max(int a, int b) public static long max(long a, long b) public static double min(double a, double b) public static float min(float a, float b) public static int min(int a, int b) public static long min(long a, long b)

Returns the greater or lesser  of the two arguments. The return type is the same as the parameter type.

title: Java lang Math


text:
Talk:Sonic Riders/Archive 2

Clarification
I clarified a few things:

-I added NiGHTS and Ulala in the rumoured list (since they are the most rumored of all) -I backed up the argument that there may be more characters than 17 -I removed the rumor that individual characters get their own story since that seems to be dissolved by the Japanese site, as they mention, Sonic is focus of Race 1, Tails of Race 2, Knux of Race 3 etc. My guess is that it'll be Sonic Adventure 2 styled stories --Kitsune Inferno 21:52, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I don't think that's the case. Actually, I think only certain parts of the story are mentioned, while there are different cutscenes depending on the character. I will admit, though, that's a "possibility." --Ultimate 23:47, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

Robo 1 and 2
According to the English site it says the red is Robo 1 and power type and the green is Robo 2 and speed type. But, the Japanese site says that the red is E-10000R and Speed type and the green is E-10000G and power type! Which is it? Red: speed or power?

According to the japanese website, E10000r (Red) is speed, and E10000g (Green) is Power. I'm alittle more willing to trust the japanese website in this case (though this game is comming out in america earlier). I did edit it but if anyone has anything more reliable, please correct me. ChaosChris 07:47, 13 February 2006 (UTC)

 * No, it's some sort of glitch. Look at E-10000r's profile. You probably can't read the text, but you CAN read the name "E-10000g" in the text. Translated info points more toward the robots' profiles being glitched out, and appearing incorrectly. "G" is speed, and "R" is power. --Ultimate 16:47, 13 February 2006 (UTC)

I have unlocked E-10000g, and when i was clicking its profie in the game, it was the "power" type. --BOB small.form.of.NIGHTS 22:35, 3 Mar 2006 (UTC)

Gallery
Since their is a gallery section,instead of me adding a gameplay picture...I will add character pictures:P
 * "Xino and out!" >x<ino 21:42, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Fang and Julie-Su
someone has mention these characters in the article, i dont think these characters will return... and the 4 left are probally super sonic and the chaotix. but if thats not the case then i hope to god that fang will be there. i dunno about the julie person i dont really know much about her...

 * Julie-Su is an ARCHIE-ONLY character! She won't appear in the game. Fang... he's mostlikely not going to appear in the game, also, but he may have a cameo appearance--though it's unlikely seeming as he's scrapped. --Ultimate 14:45, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Oh yeah. I forgot about the whole Archie thing. Oh well I would rather see Fang!

Don't be so sure. I didn't really think the Chaotix would come back but they did and they're just as old as Fang ;) Kitsune Inferno 21:46, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Oh no, you've mistaken me. I think he has a high chance of returning. In fact, I think he WILL return--just not in Sonic Riders. --Ultimate 23:48, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

''Just seen a programme on the telly showing a review of riders, they had Nack the Weasel riding a cool little hoverbike ^_^ so cool. It was like a couple of seconds but im sure it was him, im hoping that it wasnt a costume the other characters can wear. I really wished id taped it, did anyone else catch this?'' * has now turned out to be false (Broa)

No I didn't see it, but there is a chance he'll be in the game, as he has been in atleast three others Sonic the Fighters,Sonic Triple Trouble and, Sonic Drift 2. He also have a hoverbike (the Marvelous Queen). ChaosChris 00:29, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

Some guy at sonichq has also seen the Episode, but he says it was comparing another racing game called 'Crazy frog'? Apparently the character is from that game and does look like Nack but isnt. (Broa)

so is this GamerTV quote thing true then? cos like if that was a character of the crazy frog game that is copyin fang... and that could mean trouble

 * Just because they have a similar character, does not mean that they copied Fang. The description sounded similar, but note the 'rat' part. The character was a rat, not a weasel. --Ultimate 21:36, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

I'd just like to point out to Julie-Su beggers that she will not come into the games ever, because:

1) Knuckles is the last echidna. Even if they made a plot involving a female echidna returning (which has been done), they'd piss a lot of fans off.

2) In Archie, Julie is going down with Knuckles. In Sega, Knuckles is going down with Rouge. I can see some definite signs of conflict that would further annoy fans from both sides.

3) Not everybody knows or cares about Julie-Su. Just Archie readers who also like Julie-Su. Julie-Su belongs to Archie. So...

4) Sega would have to negociate with Archie for the story-lines involving Julie-Su (and as an individual, I can't say much for Archie's writers ability to write a good story), which would mean that they had less control over what happens in the games, unless they bought her outright. And...

5) Why should Sega go to all the trouble of buying Julie-Su off Archie, a character many will not have heard of anyway, when they can make their own new characters for free? --Some Girl Called Harley

Console Versions
Since this game is a four player supportive
 * We need information regarding PS2 version and if it's online enabled
 * Gamecube version
 * And Xbox Version if their is xbox live

But I solely doubt, this game won't be online
 * But we still need informtion about PS2 version...remember PS2 only has 2 ports and the game supports 4 player
 * >x<ino 04:52, 16 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Multi-tap, my friend ;) Kitsune Inferno 21:47, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

If any version was to have an online play the XBox would have the highest chance, but I really don't see that happening for this game, and I haven't heard anything about Xbox live support, then again it dosn't look like this game will have any online component at all. -ChaosChris 05:05, 16 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I dont think there is because in this article on this website it says...

Multi-Tap..oh please, those are third parties product,
 * Anyway I dont think it will be online because Sonic games were never online!

But new sonic seems to be 360 online
 * >x<ino 02:43, 19 February 2006 (UTC)
 * You really shouldn't doubt that the PS2 version is online... Sonic Heroes was online (on the PS2), so why wouldn't sonic riders?--Ac1983fan 21:15, 19 February 2006 (UTC)

SINCE WHEN WAS SONIC HEROES ON-LINE?! ~SonicHedgehog

Playstation 2 does have online too -Evil Sonic

ESRB "E10+"
Apparently, ESRB has bumped Riders' rating up from the original "E" to "E10+". Source:. I wonder what ST has in the game that makes it worthy of the bumping.--Shadowsrevenge96 20:14, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Nope, it's E, set in stone. Some forms of the boxart are given E-10, and RP. The game is so close to release, it couldn't possibly be bumped up to an E-10+ now. --Ultimate 23:43, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

That's late, I hate that topic... --Evil Sonic

Eggman Voice
I recon what they did with eggman by using deems voice is such a nice thing to do! that is like really really really nice. when i seen gameplay movie with eggman when he said 'do you think you can beat me' at the begginin of the race, i thought 'wooooah mike actually done a good job with that!' cos he sounded the exact same but now i know why
 * I think he had that voice from old clips because deem bristow is dead. --Ac1983fan 15:02, 21 February 2006 (UTC)

Shadow's Gear
Alright guys, I have a confirmation on his gear. Surprisingly enough, Shadow's gear is the name I thought it might be--Darkness. It is NOT called 'Revenge.' Oh, and his default gear is a pair of skates. Someone on TSS posted it in the message boards. In the Sonic Riders topic (linked prior) find a post that tells what is unlocked for beating the Hero Story. You unlock Shadow, Rouge, Cream, Mission Mode, Babylon Story, Tempation, Smile, and Darkness for beating it. --Ultimate 02:01, 23 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I think you unlock those things during the story, not after you beat it.--Ac1983fan 20:30, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Nope, after beating the Hero Story, you unlock them. Eggman, E-Rider, and the Magic Carpet are unlocked by beating the Babylon Story. --Ultimate 00:55, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Any Character can use Darkness, so I would not consider it Shadows' Gear.--SBG 14:11, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Every character has a 'default' gear. Darkness can be used by almost anyone, yes, but it is still Shadow's default gear. --Ultimate 19:55, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

Charmy Bee Rumours
To whoever keeps putting up Charmy Bee as a character (and his Extreme Gear being called Bee Board)... STOP IT, PLEASE! It is obvious Charmy is not in the game because NiGHTS, Aiai and Ulala take up the last three spots. Besides, the lack of Vector and Espio helps prove it is false. Anyway, I don't see Amy Birnbaum's (the voice of Charmy in Sonic X and from Shadow the Hedgehog to the presebt) in the credits. So Charmy is NOT in the game. End of discussion. Shadoman

Plot
Someone needs to reword the plot section. Not only is it not encyclopedic but it sounds like someone ripped it off a gaming website. Jedi6 01:17, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

I deleted the whole plot and tried to put in the same story, but slightly more encyclopedic and I wrote the new story myself. If it needs improving, just ask me. Shadoman, 6 March 2006

Gloom Banby?
In the Unlockables section, it says "Beat Amy in free race". That doesn't make any sense. Could someone who knows what the Gloom Banby is and has please fix that? --Ac1983fan 16:12, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

I think it's false, because Amy is in a lot of the races I do, and I often win. But despite that, the Black Market doesn't get any new Extreme Gear! Who put up the Gloom Banby as an unlockable?! Shadoman, 12 March 2006

Omochao wrong gender help
Maybe a few of you noticed this, but sometimes when your playing as male characters (such as Shadow) when you do a nice landing, Omochao says "and SHE makes a nice/smooth landing". Why does he do that? PS: please try not to include S-E-X in your ansewr.

It's probably just a glitch. Once, I heard Omochao call Amy a male. Then again, maybe it's just because of his voice... Shadoman, March 8 2006

You know, I was once playing story mode, and Omochao said "Wave has lost HIS balance."

This occurs quite a lot during the game but it's probably because of other background noises that you misinterprate what he's saying cause it's happened to quite a number of people. Knuckles sonic8 02:32, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

Regarding Tricks.
Look. I have played the game and I know for a fact that you do NOT need to hold the R button to do tricks. I'm changing it back again, and for the last time you JUST need to use the control stick. That is all.

Excatly! On Ps2 R1 nor R2 are used in racing, neither is triganle. The only thig used are the left stick square, 0, and most importantly X -Hurricane593

Genie
The Babylon Rogues aren't "real genies". They're robbers (possibly all birds) whose island sunk, so they can't live there anymore. Jet, Wave, and Storm is part of the Babylon Rogues. And even though they have a magic carpet, the carpet is actually a cloth that flies because of technology. So the Babylon Rogues aren't "real genies". Just because their symbol is a lamp, it doesn't mean that they're genies. --<IP_ADDRESS> 03:03, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Well said. The Babylon Guardian is the only real genie, and the game specifically states that Jet is a hawk, Wave is a swallow and Storm is an albatross. Shadoman, 21 March 2006

Thank you. So should we get rid of the info that said they were genies? --<IP_ADDRESS> 05:50, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

Yeah, we definitely should. Shadoman

At the end of the game it is said that they are descended from genies. They're not actually genies, but their ancestors were.

Since they're ancestors were genies, the Rogues are probably part genie.:MindWraith

HAHA no way Jet, Wave and Storm r genies. That would b just strange. Its the past Babylon Rouges who were genies. I guess there part genie, cause i heard Storm go on about 3 Wishes in the 1st babylon story.=Leanne Wardrop

title: Talk:Sonic Riders/Archive 2


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User:Thesaurus~enwikiversity

I'm Thesaurus, and I herald from Colorado and currently attend the University of Colorado, Boulder. I'm interested in contributing as much as I can to Wikiversity. I'm really excited about the idea and I would like to see it reach the point where we have genuine students coming here to learn.

My main interests are Literature, philosophy, linguistics, and classics. I'm currently finishing my undergraduate degree with the following specialties: B.A. English Literature, B.A. Philosophy, Minor Linguistics, Minor Classics (Latin).

I'm interested in all of English literature, but my specialty (and love!) is Victorian literature, society, and culture (esp. novels, Thomas Hardy, Thomas Carlyle, and other prose/essayists). Most of my contributions will probably be in this field. Otherwise, I can contribute generally to most areas of English literature.

I have general competence in philosophy and will contribute there to the best of my ability. I'm especially willing to work within Ancient (esp. Socrates and Plato) and Medieval philosophy, and literary theory (the combined disciplines of literature and philosophy). I have a very rudimentary knowledge of Ancient Greek.

My knowledge of linguistics and Latin is currently in progress. I should be able to give basic help in these areas. In particular, I'm interested in historical and Indo-European linguistics. I have intermediate knowledge of Latin language and literature, but I am progressing steadily.

I'll attempt to squeeze in contributions whenever possible. Currently, I don't think I'm capable of running a course, but I'd like to contribute material, syllabi, etc. I can grade papers/course-work if needed.

title: User:Thesaurus~enwikiversity


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Jackson Mariñez

Jackson Maríñez (born December 21, 1990) is a Dominican professional boxer who challenged for the WBA interim lightweight title in 2020.

Maríñez vs. Romero
Maríñez faced undefeated Rolando Romero for the vacant WBA interim lightweight title on August 15, 2020, at the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut. Romero captured the vacant WBA interim title via twelve-round unanimous decision with the judges' scorecards reading 118–110, 116–112, 115–113 in his favor. This decision was considered very controversial, with many feeling Marinez deserved the win.

Maríñez vs. Commey
In his next fight, he took on former IBF lightweight champion Richard Commey on February 13, 2021, in Paradise, Nevada. Maríñez suffered his second consecutive professional defeat, losing via sixth-round knockout.

title: Jackson Mariñez


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Wikijunior:South America/Chile

Part of Wikijunior South America project

Chile is a long, thin country running down the southwest side of South America. The country runs in the shape of a snake between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean. It borders ../Argentina/, ../Bolivia/, and ../Peru/.

History of Chile
People first came to the area now called Chile around ten thousand years ago. They may have descendants of the first Native Americans who came from Asia during the Ice Age, but some people think that their ancestors "island-hopped" across the Pacific. The area was good for fishing and offered decent opportunities for hunting and agriculture, but it was separated from the rest of South America by the Andes mountains, and so it was not as widely inhabited as other parts of the continent.

No one knows for sure why the place was called "Chile". Some people think it is a variation on the name of an ancient Indian chief called Tili. Others think it may be a word in an Indian language for "the place where the land ends", "snow", or the sound of a bird's call. No matter where the name came from, the Spanish soldiers who invaded the land in the 16th century said that the people there called themselves "men of Chile".

The Spanish, searching for gold, reported that hundreds of thousands of people lived in the area. Although they never did find any gold or silver in the region, they admired the agricultural possibilities of the area and governed it as a part of the colony they called the Viceroyalty of Peru. The native peoples were not happy about being taken over, and there were frequent uprisings and rebellions. When slavery was outlawed in 1683, the situation improved and revolts became less common.

In 1810, the Chilean people declared they were an independent country, and not under Spanish control. Spain disagreed, and war broke out. But seven years later Chile was recognized as its own country. Still, little changed for the average Chilean. The country was still run by wealthy landowners, and the average citizen had few rights. In the late 19th century, a democracy was set up, but the leaders in parliament were concerned primarily with protecting the land-owners at the expense of the working class. As poor Chileans became more politically powerful and organized, they were able to elect a leftist president in 1920 who tried to change the laws to benefit the working class. Some were promoting communism, and conservatives in the country were alarmed. So in 1924, a general took over the country by force, leading to a violent and unstable period.

When democracy was finally restored, the people voted in governments which kept the country relatively stable for many decades. Liberal parties appealed to people by promoting programs to feed the poor and provide housing and education. Conservative parties appealed to people by securing better relationships with the United States and loans from American banks. It was a healthy democracy.

In 1970, a man named Salvador Allende was elected. As a leftist, he was very popular for his programs for the poor and working class. But as part of these programs, he took over foreign mines and banks in the country, which angered foreign investors. Actions that the United States took in retaliation hurt the country economically. In 1973, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) engineered a coup that led to Allende's death and put Augusto Pinochet, a military dictator, in power.

Pinochet greatly improved relations with the United States and the economy, but took away many rights of Chileans. Thousands of people were executed, imprisoned, or tortured for their political views. Many Chileans see this as a dark time in history. When Pinochet stepped down after losing an election, democracy happily returned to the country, and Chile has had an improved human rights situation since that time.

Chile's Geography
Chile is long and thin, giving it a ribbon-like shape. It is 4,300 kilometers long and its width averages 175 kilometers. Chile is almost double the size of California.

As a result of Chile's shape, climate varies throughout the country. Chile is dry in the north and cool and damp in the south. Chile's terrain also varies.

The north is made up of desert. This Northern Desert region extends from the Peruvian border in north to the Aconcagua River north of Valparaiso. There is hardly any rainfall which means that there is almost no plant life. The land is barren and remote which means that it is free from air pollution and bright artificial lights. As a result, it is a great place to study the stars and planets -- in fact Northern Chile is the location for the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory where astronomers do just that. In this region you'll find one of the driest spots on Earth, the Atacama desert. The Atacama desert is so dry that a 1971 rainfall was the first precipitation recorded in the desert town of Calama in 400 years.

Southern Chile is icy and has a windswept coast. In the south, there are snow-capped volcanoes, thick forests, glaciers and lakes.

Chile has a rugged coastline.

Chile's eastern border is home to the Andes mountains. The Andes extend along Chile's border with Argentina and Bolivia.

Between the Andes and the lower mountains of Chile's west coast, you'll find the Central Valley. This is a mild, fertile region. Several rivers run through this region which is considered to be the heartland of Chile and the center of its population. The Central Valley is also where most of the farms and factories are. The Central Valley is made up of orchards, vineyards, pastures and croplands.

Santiago is the capital of Chile. Other major cities in Chile include: Concepcion-Talcahuano, Vina del Mar-Valparaiso, Antofagasta and Temuco.

Chile's People
Chile is home to 16.4 million people. 6 million Chileans live in Santiago. Men are expected to live to age 75 and women to age 81. Most people in Chile speak Spanish. Christianity is the major religion in Chile. 69.9% of Chileans are Roman Catholic and 15% are Protestant.

About three quarters of Chileans are mestizos, people of mixed Spanish and Indian heritage. About a fifth of Chileans are of European descent, mostly Spanish or British. About three percent come from unmixed Indian ancestry. Just a few thousand people are of African origin, or Zambo—people of mixed Indian and African heritage.

de:Wikijunior Südamerika: Südamerikanische Länder: Chile Wikichicos/América del Sur/Chile

title: Wikijunior:South America/Chile


text:
Jan Krzesiak

Jan Krzysztof Krzesiak (born 6 July 1961 in Hańsk) is a Polish former wrestler who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics.

title: Jan Krzesiak


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Subhasganj High School

The result was delete. Tone 07:35, 26 August 2020 (UTC)

Subhasganj High School

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

As per WP:NSCHOOL, secondary schools are not assumed to be notable and need to pass WP:GNG, which this one doesn't. The article only contains primary sources and a Google search doesn't obtain any secondary sources of note. Spiderone 07:13, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of India-related deletion discussions.  Spiderone  07:14, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Schools-related deletion discussions.  Spiderone  07:15, 19 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Education-related deletion discussions.  Spiderone  07:15, 19 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Delete all the sources in the article are primary, there's no results in Google News about it, and all that comes up in a search is trivial business directory type stuff. So as it currently stands this seems like a pretty clear delete case to me. --Adamant1 (talk) 08:33, 19 August 2020 (UTC)


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Talk:Dick Annegarn

Tidy up
I enjoyed reading this article but it needs a bit of a tidy up, including adding sources. It also seems quite bias and more like a review Rogwan 18:09, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dick Annegarn


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Horn/Repertoire/Orchestral Excerpts

The following is a list of standard excerpts that are regularly asked for in auditions:

Bach, J. S.

 * Brandenburg Concerto No. 1
 * Mass in B minor

Beethoven, L. v.

 * Symphony No. 3
 * Symphony No. 6
 * Symphony No. 7
 * Symphony No. 8
 * Symphony No. 9
 * Fidelio Overture

Brahms, J.

 * Symphony No. 1
 * Symphony No. 2
 * Symphony No. 3
 * Symphony No. 4
 * Academic Festival Overture
 * Concerto for Piano No. 1
 * Concerto for Piano No. 2
 * Variations on a Theme by Haydn
 * Tragic Overture

Bruckner, A.

 * Symphony No. 4

Dvorak, A.

 * Symphony No. 8
 * Symphony No. 9
 * Concerto for Cello

Franck, C.

 * Symphony in D minor

Grieg, E.

 * Grieg Piano Concerto

Haydn, F. J.

 * Symphony No. 31, "Hornsignal"

Holst, G.

 * The Planets

Mahler, G.

 * Symphony No. 1
 * Symphony No. 5
 * Symphony No. 10

Mendelssohn, F.

 * Symphony No. 3
 * Symphony No. 4
 * Nocturne from a Midsummer Night's Dream

Mozart W. A.

 * Symphony No. 40
 * Horn Concerto No. 2 in E-flat
 * Horn Concerto No. 3 in E-flat
 * Horn Concerto No. 4 in E-flat

Mussorgsky, M.

 * Pictures at an Exhibition (orch. Ravel)

Rachmaninov, S.

 * Symphony No. 2
 * Piano Concerto No. 1
 * Piano Concerto No. 2
 * Piano Concerto No. 3

Ravel, M.

 * Concerto for Piano in G major
 * Bolero
 * Pavane pour une Infante Défunte

Schubert, F.

 * Symphony No. 9/7, "The Great"

Schumann, R.

 * Concertstück for 4 horns and orchestra
 * Symphony No. 3, "Rhenish"

Shostakovich, D.

 * Symphony No. 5

Strauss, R.

 * Also Sprach Zarathustra
 * Tod und Verklärung (Death and Transfiguration)
 * Don Juan
 * Don Quixote
 * Ein Heldenleben
 * Till Eulenspiegel

Stravinsky, I.

 * The Firebird Suite
 * The Rite of Spring

Tchaikovsky, P. I.

 * Symphony No. 4
 * Symphony No. 5
 * Capriccio Italien
 * 1812 Overture

Wagner, R.

 * Siegfried's Rhine Journey (the "Short Call")
 * Lohengrin
 * Das Rheingold, Introduction
 * Siegfried (the "Long Call")
 * Die Walküre, Ride of the Valkyries

Weber, C. M. v.

 * Der Freischütz, Overture
 * Overture to Oberon

title: Horn/Repertoire/Orchestral Excerpts


text:
Category:Wichita Falls Nighthawks players

The following is a list of indoor American football players who played for the Wichita Falls Nighthawks of the Indoor Football League.


text:
Tulay, Altai Krai

Tulay (Тулай) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Shumilikhinsky Selsoviet, Rebrikhinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 108 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Tulay is located 32 km west of Rebrikha (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shumilikha is the nearest rural locality.

title: Tulay, Altai Krai


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The Canadian Wargaming Journal

The Canadian Wargamers Journal was a quarterly wargaming magazine. Published by the Canadian Wargamers Group from 1985 to 1996, for a total of 47 issues, its content primarily covered board wargaming with some articles about miniature wargaming.

Canadian Wargamers Group
The magazine was published by the Canadian Wargamers Group of Calgary, Alberta. Keith Martens was the founder and editor and was joined by Bruce McFarlane (head contributor and writer) and Ken Hole (managing editor.) They have also produced many wargaming miniatures rules sets. Fallcon, Calgary's largest gaming convention, got its start thanks to CWG.

Reception
It was the winner of four Charles S. Roberts Awards for "Best Amateur Wargaming Magazine" (from 1989 to 1992).

title: The Canadian Wargaming Journal


text:
Talk:Bill Ely

External links modified
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:02, 2 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bill Ely


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Hannah van Kampen

Hannah van Kampen (born 8 May 1993) is a New Zealand cyclist. She represented New Zealand at the 2016 Summer Paralympics as the sighted pilot for Amanda Cameron. As the sighted pilot for Emma Foy, she won a gold and bronze medal at the 2019 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships in Apeldoorn, and a gold and silver medal at the 2019 UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships in Emmen, Netherlands.

Van Kampen and Foy retained their world title in the women's individual pursuit tandem at the 2020 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships. They also claimed the bronze medal in the women's time trial tandem.

title: Hannah van Kampen


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File:Nana movie.jpg

Movie Poster (reduced size) of Nana.

Fair use on Nana (manga)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a Film Poster / VHS or DVD Cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the film in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the artwork/image.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image  is significant because it was used to promoted a notable film.

Source

 * Derived from a digital capture (photo/scan) of the Film Poster/ VHS or DVD Cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the film company or the artist.  Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:Nana movie.jpg


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Tiverton fire of 1731

The Tiverton fire of 1731, also known as the Great Fire, was a fire that affected part of Tiverton, Devon in England on 5 June 1731. It was one of a number of serious fires affecting the town in the 17th and 18th centuries. Breaking out in a baker's house in Gold Street, the fire spread rapidly due to the prevalence of straw-thatched roofs in the town. In total 298 houses were destroyed in the fire which caused damage to the value of an estimated £58,976 14s. 9d. In response to the fire, a number of benefactors came forward to assist Tiverton in rebuilding. The fire resulted in the introduction of legislation that attempted to prevent a similar incident happening in the future.

Background and response
Tiverton had previously been affected by a number of severely damaging fires. The first recorded fire was in April 1598, which destroyed 400 houses and resulted in 33 deaths. A more serious fire occurred in August 1612, which destroyed 600 houses. Smaller fires subsequently broke out in 1676, 1726 and 1730. Later fires followed the one in 1731, and in total over 530 houses were destroyed by fire in the 18th century.

The fire in 1731 started on 5 June at approximately 6pm at a baker's house in Gold Street. The fire spread quickly due to the preponderance of straw thatched roofs in the area, further exaggerated by the presence of a strong northerly wind. The fire brigade was delayed from tackling the flames, as the fire engines were housed in a church some distance from the origin of the fire. As the flames spread rapidly into other streets, there was confusion among the general population as to how to attempt to put the fire out. Many people rescued items from burning buildings and deposited them in churches or threw them into fields.

One of the largest local fire engines, which was brought to the scene on Gold Street, was itself destroyed in the fire, as burning debris fell from the houses either side. Henry Murray, who lived in one of Greenway's Almshouses on the street, refused to leave the building on the basis that he had never heard of an almshouse being burned down. Although the Almshouses had survived earlier fires in 1598 and 1612, it was destroyed in this fire and Murray died as a result.

Aftermath
In total, 298 houses were destroyed by the fire, and the total damage was estimated at £58,976 14s. 9d. The Rev Samuel Newte, in a letter to a London schoolmaster published in the Gentleman's Magazine, described the extent of the fire as follows: "All the houses from Loman Bridge to the end of High Street, (a few about the church excepted,) and all the dwellings backward, the greatest part of Barriton and Bampton Streets, also an Aims-House, Corn-Market House, Market Cross and Shambles, are entirely laid in ashes."

As news of the fire spread, donations to cover the damage costs were brought to Tiverton from various places. Within a few days of the event, £381 10s. 4d. had been raised, including a donation of twenty guineas from the Exeter Corporation. The mayor of Tiverton also encouraged a collection among the local population to assist those who had been worst affected by the blaze, and all those affected were instructed to calculate the total loss they had sustained. The total sum of this account was £56,055. 4s. 9d., although this does not include the £2200 cost of rebuilding Greenway's Almshouses, or the £721. 10s. of losses which was reported afterwards.

The Bishop of Exeter issued a circular letter in his diocese, appealing for contributions towards the fund for Tiverton; a significant amount was subsequently raised. The populations of other cities, including London and Bristol, gathered notable collections for Tiverton, and also for Blandford and Ramsey which had similarly been affected by fire. Other large benefactors included the king, queen and the Prince of Wales.

As well as the material damage, the fire had an adverse impact on the health of the Tiverton population. Smallpox, which had afflicted the town for a while, became more prevalent as people were forced to share the houses that had survived the flames, which in some instances meant eight or ten families living in one building. The destruction of property also meant a lack of space for smallpox sufferers to recover without afflicting others.

Legislation followed in an attempt to prevent further similar fires in the future. This included an Act to replace thatched roofs with roofs made with slate or lead and to widen the streets. This legislation also made provision for rebuilding in Tiverton. Merchants constructed several large properties in the town, including Gotham House, meaning that Tiverton became home to an unusual number of elaborate Georgian townhouses. The Chilcott School in St Peter's Street, dating back to 1611, managed to survive the fire.

title: Tiverton fire of 1731


text:
User:Tzf

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Tzf (and why are there distinct logins and user pages for Wiktionary and Wikipedia? Don't tell me: this question has already been discussed at LENGTH, and there's all kinds of precidence that's been established, and just asking such a question without first looking for the policy page on it will brand me as an idiot in the eyes of large segments of the massive community of Mediawiki Fanatics, and there's probably even ways to share identities between the Mediawiki sites already worked out if you hold three fingers of one hand and one finger from the other hand in the air whilst you spin around in your chair 730 degrees cunterclockwise when viewed from where ever Io happens to be in relation to you at the time... oh well, so much time, so little to do... ;^) --Tzf 07:44, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User:Tzf


text:
Category talk:Competitors at the 2012 Summer Paralympics

Untitled
I think it is very impressive that Wikipedia has this category already (as of September 6 2012) - it shows how up-to-date Wikipedia is! ACEOREVIVED (talk) 10:47, 6 September 2012 (UTC)


text:
Lord of Stormweather

Lord of Stormweather is a fantasy novel by Dave Gross, set in the world of the Forgotten Realms, and based on the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. It is the seventh and final novel in the "Sembia: Gateway To The Realms" series. It was published in paperback in March 2003.

Plot summary
Thamalon Uskevren II, the heir to Stormweather Towers, must solve the disappearance of his parents and Erevis Cale.

Reception
Critic Don D'Ammassa, noting that the Sembia series novels "seem generally more thoughtful" compared to novels based on other parts of the Wizards of the Coast universe, wrote that Lord of Stormweather is "a pretty good book".

title: Lord of Stormweather


text:
DVBViewer

DVBViewer is proprietary, commercial software for viewing & recording of DVB TV & Radio using a TV tuner card or box and a Media Center for viewing Music, Video and Pictures. Among its other features are an Electronic Program Guide (EPG), remote control support, on-screen display, teletext, time shifting and picture-in-picture. Besides the support for BDA adapters, there is also the ability to use the Hauppauge MediaMVP with DVBViewer. The software also allows Unicable, DiSEqC and usage of CI-Modules with most adapters. The worldwide charge for the application is 15 euro or 22 US Dollars. Additional functions such as video on demand, TV series and movie management, home network distribution of TV to network devices including iPod Touch, iPhone & iPad & Android devices (with additional remote control features), and a recording service with web interface are provided by free plugins. A plug-in offering MHEG-5 and HbbTV support is available for a license fee of 12 euros.

DVBViewer was the first windows application with HDTV support, right after the Euro 1080 started its transmission via satellite. It also was one of the first alternative applications supporting the DVB-S2 broadcast standard and being compatible to most tuner cards supporting this standard using BDA, a standardized driver interface for digital video capture developed by Microsoft. Therefore, it presented itself as a valuable replacement for the manufacturers bundled software, often only providing fundamental functionality. The current version allows the use of Sat>IP on the client- and also on the server side.

Editions
There are three editions of the DVBViewer available, an OEM edition, a commercial one, DVBViewer Pro and an alternative edition, DVBViewer GE, mainly aimed at German speaking customers of the commercial edition. An OEM edition is included with products by various manufacturers:
 * TechniSat DVBViewer TE & TE2
 * TerraTec DVBViewer Terratec Edition
 * TechnoTrend TT Viewer
 * Digital Everywhere
 * DVBSky
 * Turbosight
 * DVBShop
 * RF Central.

Reviews
A comprehensive review (in German) of the software can be found at DVBMagic, or in English in the UK's best selling computer magazine, Computeractive. DVBViewer is also mentioned in 16 hardware reviews on techradar, Future plc's UK Tech magazine.

title: DVBViewer


text:
Lemeki Vaipulu

Lemeki Vaipulu (born circa 1961) is a Tongan former rugby union player who played as fly-half. He played for Tonga in the 1987 Rugby World Cup, playing only the match against Canada, in Napier, on 24 May 1987. In said match, he entered in the place of Soane Asi at minute 22, playing as winger. He is the father of the rugby union flanker Maama Vaipulu.

title: Lemeki Vaipulu


text:
Applicable Mathematics/Odds

"Odds" is a way of expressing the likelihood of an event.

The more usual way of expressing the likelihood of an event is its "probability" (the percentage of future trials which are expected to produce the event: so in tossing a coin believed to be fair, we would assign a probability of 50% (or one half, or 0.5) to the event "heads").

The ODDS of an event, however, is the ratio of the probability of the event happening to the probability of the even not happening (i.e. the ODDS of a fair coin landing heads is 50%:50% = 1:1 = 1). It is the ODDS we are using when we use a phrase like "it is 50/50 whether I get the job" or "The chances of our team winning are 2 to 1".

Or, For example, when rolling a fair die, there is one chance that you will roll a 1 and five chances that you will not. The odds of rolling a 1 are 1:5, or 1 to 5. This can also be expressed as $$1/5$$ or 0.2 or 20%, but these forms are likely to be misunderstood as normal probabilities rather than odds.

To convert odds to probability, you add the two parts, and this is the denominator of the fraction of your probability. The first part becomes the numerator. Thus, 1:5 becomes 1/(1+5) or 1/6.

To convert probability to odds, you use the numerator as the first number, then subtract the numerator from the denominator and use it as the second number. Thus, 1/6 becomes 1:(6-1) or 1:5.

title: Applicable Mathematics/Odds


text:
Cookbook:Pasta Romanov

Pasta romanov is an easy recipe that can be whipped up in about 15 minutes from minimal ingredients for maximum style.

Ingredients

 * Pasta (taglietelli, spaghetti, or angel hair preferred)
 * Mascarpone cheese (or similar mild cheese like ricotta)
 * Tomato purée (paste)
 * Vodka
 * 1 tsp caviar (or lumpfish roe)
 * Whole lemon

Procedure

 * 1) Boil a pot of salted water, add the pasta, and cook until al dente. Drain.
 * 2) Melt the cheese (do not overheat) and stir in a little tomato puree to turn it salmon pink.
 * 3) Add a slug (a couple tablespoons) of vodka to the melted cheese.
 * 4) Add caviar to the cheese and toss the drained pasta in it to coat.
 * 5) Cut lemon into wedges and use as garnish with a teaspoon or two of caviar.
 * 6) Serve with champagne or crisp white wine.

title: Cookbook:Pasta Romanov


text:
The Old Canoe

"The Old Canoe" was written by Emily Rebecca Page in 1849, appearing in the Portland Transcript. The poem begins: "Where the rocks are gray and the shore is steep". It was included in school readers and books on elocution, receiving general recognition as a work of merit.

Publication history
Dr. Robert Looney Caruthers White, of Nashville, who was authority on literary matters, came to the rescue when the poem's authorship was brought into question. In Trotwood's Monthly he commented: "In your March issue, reprinting the familiar poem, "The Old Canoe," which the anthology-makers so persistently ascribe to the late Gen. Albert Pike, you say: "Like many other good poems, It was, perhaps, the only one some poet wrote, and, never thinking itt would be immortal, or that it had any special merit, failed to sign his name to it. . . . Its authorship has never before, perhaps, been publicly corrected." Both these statements are erroneous. Nine years ago, when Miss Jennie Thornley Clarke's "Songs of the South" was published, it contained this poem, marked "anonymous." As I chanced to know its real authorship, and hence knew that it lacked several hundreds of miles, geographically speaking, of being a "song of the South," I sent a communication to the New York Critic, which was printed in its issue of March 13, 1897, giving the facts. I have several times since publicly corrected the statement that General Albert Pike was the author of the poem. The actual author was Miss Emily Rebecca Page, who was born in Bradford, Vt., in 1834, and died in Chelsea, Mass., in 1862. "The Old Canoe" was written in 1849, and appeared in the Portland Transcript in that year. It was not by any means "the only one the poet wrote." Miss Page was a voluminous writer of both verse and prose, having been a constant contributor to many New England periodicals. She was later assistant editor of Gleason's Pictorial and The Flag of Our Union, two Boston literary publications which were very popular forty or fifty years ago. She also published several volumes of poetry. -R. L. C. WHITE. Nashville, February 26, 1906."

It was suggested that the authorship of the poem was fastened upon Pike because about the time of its publication, when it was going the rounds of the press, probably without any credit, a doggerel called "The Old Canoe" was composed about Pike by one of his political foes, the subject of it being a canoe in which he left Columbia, Tennessee, when a young man practicing law in that place. Pike himself stated to Senator Edward W. Carmack that he was not the author of "The Old Canoe," and could not imagine how he ever got the credit for it.

Elizabeth Akers Allen also addressed the error in author attribution in Carleton's Record of the Year: A Reference Scrap Book saying, "By a natural enough mistake, or rather a repetition of another's mistake, you print in your Record for June, crediting it to Albert Pike, a poem entitled " The Old Canoe." It is not his, having been written originally by a young girl, Miss Emily Rebecca Page, a native of Bradford, Vermont. She was born and passed most of her short life in a quiet place on the Vermont bank of the Connecticut river, near the "toll-bridge," which was mentioned last week in the papers as having been carried off by the freshet, near Piermont. I am positive about the matter, as I was well acquainted with her in her school-days. I had occasion to correct this same error in a New York daily two or three years ago. If my name is strange to you, I can refer you to Mr. B. P. Shillaber, of Chelsea, Massachusetts, who will assure you that I am in the right, as he was a friend of Miss Page when she was copy-holder in the office of Bailors Pictorial, Boston. She was not more than sixteen or seventeen years of age when she wrote this poem, notably her best, although it bears evidence of the youth and inexperience of the writer. Poetry, I know, is rather a drug in the market, but even verse-writers have their rights, and should not be cheated of their own, especially after they are dead, and cannot defend themselves."

title: The Old Canoe


text:
Spanish/The Wrong Way To Learn Spanish/Part 2

^ The Wrong Way To Learn Spanish ^ - Part Two. In this section, we'll be looking at some paragraphs given below and translate them into Spanish.

Dorothy lived in Kansas with Uncle Henry and Aunt Em. Their house was small. It had one room and a cellar.

'''Dorothy vivia en Kansas con Tío Henry y Tía Em. Su casa era pequeña. Estuvo un habatacion y una sotano.'''

The land around the house was very flat. The soil was dry and the grass was dead. The sun had turned everything dull and gray.

'''La tierra alrededor de la casa era muy plana. El suelo era seco y la hierba era muerta. El sol had turned todo embotado y gris.'''

Aunt Em was once young and pretty. The sun and wind withered her. They made her sad, too. When the orphan Dorothy came, her laughter made Aunt Em scream in surprise.

'''Tía Em fue joven y bonita. El sol y el viento le marchitaban. La hicieron triste, demasiado. Cuando llegó la huérfana Dorothy, su risa hizo tía Em grito de sorpresa.'''

Uncle Henry never laughed. He worked hard from morning till night. He was sad and gray also. He looked stern and solemn, and rarely spoke.

'''Tío Henry nunca se rió. Trabajó duro desde la mañana hasta la noche. Estaba triste y gris también. Miró austero y solemne y raramente hablaba.'''

Toto made Dorothy laugh. He saved her from growing sad and gray. Toto was not gray; he was a little black dog. He was very cute. Toto and Dorothy played all day. She loved him very much.

'''Toto reír a Dorothy. Le salvó de creciente triste y gris. Toto no era gris; era un pequeño perro negro. Era muy guapo. Totó y Dorothy jugaron todo el día. Ella lo amaba mucho.'''

Today, they were not playing. Uncle Henry looked at the sky. It was very grey today. Uncle Henry was anxious. Dorothy held Toto. She looked at the sky, too. Aunt Em was washing the dishes.

'''Hoy en día, no estaban jugando. Tío Henry miró al cielo. Hoy ha sido muy gris. Tío Henry estaba impaciente. Dorothy sostuvo Toto. Ella miró el cielo, también. Tía Em estaba lavando los platos.'''


text:
Talk:Count On Me (album)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Count On Me which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 18:34, 12 April 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Count On Me (album)


text:
Talk:Kazi

RFV discussion

 * Note: the title of this section was previously kazi. —Ruakh TALK 19:44, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

Listed as English, but seems to be the word Kází (and only used with italics?) --Connel MacKenzie 17:34, 22 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Not a mis-spelling of the Brit term for a toilet (khazi (??)) by any chance? (Sorry, I'm not even sure how to spell it myself!) Algrif 18:00, 22 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I thought that at first, but I've managed to find b.g.c hits, although all the uses are capitalised, so I've moved the page to Kazi. Thryduulf 18:30, 22 July 2007 (UTC)

 * As an aside. The UK slang for toilet was originally carzy or karzy (many spellings) and is thought by some to come from Italian casa (house). khazi is the most used spelling these days. SemperBlotto 07:28, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

RFV passed; thanks, Thryduulf. —Ruakh TALK 19:44, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kazi