text:
Stadion Chernomorets

Chernomorets Stadium (Стадион „Черноморец“) is a multi-purpose stadium in Burgas, Bulgaria. It was used mostly for football matches and was the home ground of Chernomorets Burgas and FC Chernomorets 1919 Burgas.

General information
The stadium was constructed in 1954 and had an original capacity of 22,000 people. Prior to 1990 the stadium was called "9th September".

In 2006 PSFC Chernomorets Burgas left the stadium for the more modern Lazur Stadium, and 2 years later the club presented plans for a modern sports complex featuring a stadium supposed to meet all UEFA and FIFA requirements, a shopping centre, office buildings and others. This complex never got completed, or even begun. The sports complex in place of the stadium fell into disrepair.

In 2015, as part of the UEFA European Under-17 Championship, all stadiums that were elected as hosts got finances, and Chernomorets got the most. Part of the things which had to be done with those finances were installing lightning and fixing the stands, but the only things that were done was renovating the locker rooms and reinstalling 3 training pitches and the main one. The stadium itself was not used for any matches in the tournament, but rather only for training. After the tournament the stadium fell into disrepair once again.

In 2019, as part of the club's 100-year anniversary, FC Chernomorets 1919 Burgas began renovating the stadium. The main sector had new concrete poured over it, with new seats and even a VIP lounge, the administrative building was renovated completely, the pitch was once again reinstalled and the unused stands were cleared of bushes. The renovated stadium had an official capacity of 1300 spectators. This state of the stadium remained until 2022, when the club left due to the increased rent by the stadium's owners. As of then the stadium is nearly back to its' pre-2019 state.

title: Stadion Chernomorets


text:
Talk:Managing vandalism

 * This is a place to ask questions, comment, etc. Anyone may comment. Please edit below the line

Name of page
Is it OK to use 'vandal fighting' or can we find a less oppositional name? What are other ways of expressing this? e.g., anti-vandalism? (still oppositional?) -- Jtneill - Talk - c 07:55, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Both words atm can bring negative associations. The wording plays a big role how we perceive things and then act because of this perception.
 * Some general ideas:
 * - An opportunity to transmit Wikiversity's mission to x
 * - Helping (x) understand Wikiversity's mission
 * - An opportunity to understand x better
 * - Outreach for x
 * (replace x with: other humans/participants ?)

 * So, what might be one scenario (please note that there are other pathways/scenarios possible) with a "vandal" ?

 * - red circle: a person/group acting weird (regarding - some - people's opinion)
 * - blue circle: let's say carelessly this is WV (though it consists of many individuals - note: I don't say pages) and the line is not drawn through to show that we cannot "shutdown gates" - our doors are open all the time.

 * 1: both exist (somehow)
 * 2: first contact (e.g. reading pages)
 * 3. "inside" WV (and doing something)
 * 4: contributing to Wikiversity's mission (the mission of WV from that time)

 * So, what can happen after situation 3 ? This is completely in our hands. In most projects very likely the vandal is being "fought" and is "brought" back to a previous state (and the game can continue again from that state). The more effort-taking way is to help the circle understand and realize what WV is about and ultimately making the circle contribute also to WV's mission.

 * Something to think:
 * - Who will take the effort to help a circle reach step >3 ? Why act at all like this ?
 * - Will this succeed with every "red circle" ?
 * - What happens when you exchange the meaning of the red and blue circle ?
 * - Why not read Vandal Wiki ?
 * - ... Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 20:57, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Erkan, yes, good stuff, would you put some/most of this on the main page? I think the page has a sufficient skeleton of detail, but lacks the more subtle understandings and positive potential of communication. And we still need a better name. I'm thinking maybe now more in terms of managing vandalism, i.e., moving away from typing people/users as black and white "vandals/not vandals/vandal fighters". -- Jtneill - Talk - c 03:06, 1 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Some possibilities: Surviving vandalism / Coping with vandalism / Dealing with vandalism / Understanding the vandal / Responding to vandalism  —Moulton 21:23, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Hello, thanks for your ideas. Below my comments:
 * Surviving vandalism
 * Somehow this awakes in me the association that there has been something bad before and therefore we survive. When we see wikis as a place where everything can be restored again, this surviving is not so much fitting. It is just "normal life" - normal edits. If one sees edits as just saving - temporarily or more permanent - (learning) content that is nothing bad so far. Learning in users increases over time.
 * Coping/Dealing with vandalism
 * not quite sure yet, but I assume somehow this goes into the same direction of "managing vandalism" ?
 * Responding to vandalism
 * When I see responding in relation to that someone asks a question: I like this one. Because on a question there can be (many different kinds of) responses. So like: before doing things you just talk, action comes later on.
 * When I see responding as: reacting on someone's deeds I don't like it anymore. I would like to see the whole thing more as communicating with others.
 * Understanding the vandal
 * atm I prefer this: because if we try to understand someone it hopefully also enlightens oneself. This can help that one should not be so rigid in her beliefs. It should be not like in the form of sophists, but if you can find 10 arguments why the other is right that helps already a lot in interacting with others and finding a compromise. That is actually the theory :-) practice is always a little different (I didn't in this response consider this also, it is 02:15 AM here).
 * well and still we have this bad term "vandal" :-) Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 00:17, 16 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, the term originates from an East Germanic tribe that sacked Rome in 455. Thus the term automatically implies a hostile intent.  It's not obvious that every case of "vandalism" fits this historical metaphor.  Very likely there are better ways to analyze and characterize antagonistic edits by parties who do not share the goals of the dominant clique.  Were I to craft a learning resource that addresses this issue, I'd replace "vandal" with "adversarial editors" and "vandalism" with "adverse edits."  —Moulton 23:34, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

Where I got lost
I got lost during "One scenario". -- Thekohser 02:38, 14 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Could you provide more info, so we can try to find a way out of this (if you perceive being lost as problem), Erkan Yilmaz uses the Chat (try) 15:41, 14 July 2008 (UTC)

 * It seems to me that demonstrating the phenomenon of vandalism with a sort of "Venn diagram" is needlessly complicating what is a very simple thing to explain with words. For example:
 * Wikiversity is an open-door project.
 * Some people join us and blend in nicely with our stated mission and goals.
 * Other people do not. They can be against our stated objectives in either an inadvertent or a deliberate way.
 * Wikiversity typically wishes to "convert" the inadvertent un-blended visitor, and typically wishes to either convert or frustrate the deliberate un-blended visitor.
 * --Thekohser 16:26, 16 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Sometimes a concrete example helps focus attention from the abstract to the concrete problem at hand. Consider the recent case of  prima facie vandalism here by User:StreamingWeb600.  What would be the ethical best practice in dealing with such an individual (whose identity and backstory are entirely unknown).  Does he come here out of a grudge, out of some prior trauma elsewhere in a Wikimedia project?  Is he just a random hooligan out for lulz?  In any event, where is he in his lifelong learning journey, and what is his attitude toward learning the next valuable lesson in life that relates to his manifested actions here?  Are we thrust into a reprise of Lord of the Flies?  Is simply blocking him, without notice, the optimal practice?  Just as Lonnie Athens and James Gilligan bothered to interview felonious miscreants, and just as Suzanne Retzinger listened to warring frenemies, perhaps we should (on a selective basis) do the same with the occasional vandal here.  —Moulton 15:45, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, keep in mind that certain vandals follow a pattern, which is recognizable by people experienced with pattern vandals. That one in particular has visited us before, on numerous occasions. If someone creates an account and immediately begins trolling in that fashion, we simply block them quietly, clean up the mess, and move on. If they want to contribute positively, they can just create a new account. Not everyone is worth talking to. --SB_Johnny | talk 11:23, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

 * It would help me to know the parts of the backstory that are known to you but not to me. Constructing a character model of an antagonistic character is known to be a hard problem in general.  I encountered several such characters on Wikipedia, including one who registered expressly to harass me.  —Moulton 13:31, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, I'm not going to discuss particular cases, but it's not so much about trying to figure out someone's character as it is simply recognizing a certain pattern of counter-constructive edits. There's also a difference between "pure trolls" (i.e., people who are being disruptive simply for the sake of being disruptive), "attack accounts", and "people who tend to go a bit overboard sometimes": of course, you need to be able to distinguish between the 3, and no, that's not necessarily easy to do. The latter group have the most to contribute: e.g. you (Moulton) have in the past perhaps hit people's buttons a few more times than was necessary, but (IMHO) you clearly have something productive to contribute to the community, and are certainly worth talking to. People who use "attack accounts" tend to get bored quickly if no-one gives them attention (much less makes them the center of attention)... they have an agenda, and aren't going to waste their time if it becomes clear that their agenda is not being forwarded. "Pure trolls" are likewise looking for attention, but only for the sake of getting attention (which is why there's no reason to bother trying to psychoanalyze them... they're loopy, so leave it at that and move on). As I once heard Jacques Derrida say, the problem with "sakes" is that you can't point to a "sake" and see it there. Nevertheless, you can still, with empathy and a cool head, determine what was done for the sake of what. --SB_Johnny | talk 14:26, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Oh, for Pete's sake. I wonder if Jacques Derrida ever deconstructed the Dueling Banjos scene from Deliverance.  —Moulton 21:15, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Managing vandalism


text:
KTM Class 19

The KTM Class 19 is a class of shunting locomotive for Keretapi Tanah Melayu. The locomotives are based in major train stations for duty of shunting freight and passenger cars. As they are classed as shunters, they are limited to major train stations only and do not operate on the mainline.

History
10 locomotives were acquired around 1983 and were quickly assigned shunting duties around Malaysia. As of February 2015 all are in active service.

title: KTM Class 19


text:
1952 Damxung earthquake

The 1952 Damxung earthquake struck Tibet with moment magnitude of 7.5 in the early morning hours of August 18. The epicenter was located in the Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains in Damxung County, Lhasa Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. There was significant damage in Damxung (Dangquka) and nearby Nagqu County. It was felt in Lhasa, over 100 km to the south.

The earthquake damaged Reting Monastery and 54 people died at Reting (Razheng) and Tangmu. The total number of fatalities is unknown.

Damxung County suffered another significant earthquake in 2008, further southwest parallel to the Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains.

title: 1952 Damxung earthquake


text:
Talk:Elegant Gothic Aristocrat

i removed the db-spam notice because this looks legit from third-party sources, and also was added at the same time as several other styles five months ago to the japanese fashion article by an editor who seems to know what s/he's doing. See diff. Calliopejen1 01:56, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

You've removed my db-spam tag on Elegant Gothic Aristocrat saying that it is a real fashion. If you look at the article carefully you will see that it contradicts the japanese fashion page. Here it says the "elegant gothic aristocrat" specifically refers to "a line of Aristocrat fashion-style clothing created by Japanese musician and fashion designer Mana for his store, Moi-même-Moitié."

The main Japanese fashion article describes "The style of Elegant Gothic Aristocrat is based on the concept of androgyny and often has identical outfits for both men and women. The clothing is limited to black, white and dark colors, and the main image is founded on elegance and simplicity where the clothing lines are usually simple and tight, with pants or long skirts that stand in contrast to the Lolita style. Dark, heavy makeup may be worn by both sexes." No mention of Moi-Meme-Moitie is used. moreoever the inclusion of a promotional Jpeg indicates the article is spam since fair use only allows such images when the article is ABOUT THE PRODUCT. So while Elegant Gothic Aristocrat may very well be a legitimate style of fashion. This wiki article is clearly intended to make the reader think it is a specific product of moi-meme-moitie.

I'm removing all brand specific information. And the jpeg image since it can not be used under fair use since this is NOT an article about the product depicted in the image. It is an article about a fashion style, and presumably as a notable fashion style it would be easy enough to snap a photo of someone WEARING it, and not require a copywritten product picture. TheDarknessVisible 18:34, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * From some quick googling though, it looks like the look is basically derived from this one brand's clothing. Here's one wp:rs that seems to indicate that:  and one not-so-reliable (but seemingly independent) source that suggests the same thing in clearer terms ("b. Elegant Gothic Aristocrats (EGA) ONLY MOITIE OR THINGS THAT LOOK LIKE MOITIE. YOU WILL BOTHER JAPANESE LOLITA AND ME IF YOU DO NOT FOLLOW THIS.").  See also.

 * Obviously the picture had to go though, I agree with you there.

 * Also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lolita_Fashion#Aristocrat for some info -- there it says the style is just called aristocrat and the brand is elegant gothic aristocrat, though they're confused by westerners? Not sure if this is right. If it is, maybe info on the elegant gothic aristocrat brand should be merged into Aristocrat, because it seems at least like a notable brand within that style.  <IP_ADDRESS> 20:39, 17 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Aristocrat (fashion) used to be an article on the exact same product. Including the exact same promotional jpeg image. look at the history.TheDarknessVisible 05:50, 18 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Even should this be written to focus on a particular brand, it is not written in the style of an advertisement for that brand, I am with Jen on this one. Let's work it out before stuff is wholesale removed like that. Chris 04:46, 18 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Its not written like an advertisement, because I fixed it. The burdon on keeping information on wiki is on the editor who wants to keep it.  Japanese Fashion points to this page as if its a generic name for a fashion.  I suggest that if you want to document a specific product line of the company called Moi-même-Moitié that the proper place is in the [Moi-même-Moitié article. the [Moi-même-Moitié is very short and can take ALL of this product line information.TheDarknessVisible 05:50, 18 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Regarding pictures of someone wearing it - here's one released under CC license: http://moixmemexmoitie.deviantart.com/#/d57pr88

Dead links
The link "www.tokyopop.com article" is now dead, their in-house search engine doesn't find "Gothic Lolita Girl", and the Internet Archive doesn't seem to have a copy either (I'll check again in six months). Anyone know where there's a copy we can point to? --Vrmlguy (talk) 22:02, 10 April 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Elegant Gothic Aristocrat


text:
1980 United States Senate election in Kansas

The 1980 United States Senate election in Kansas took place on November 4, 1980. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Bob Dole was re-elected to his third term in office, after briefly campaigning for President earlier that year. He defeated Democrat John Simpson, who had previously served in the Kansas State Senate as a Republican.

Candidates

 * Bob Dole, incumbent Senator and nominee for Vice President in 1976
 * Jim H. Grainge, resident of Lenexa

Candidates

 * John A. Barnes, candidate for U.S. Representative in 1976 from Cherryvale
 * Howard C. Lee, resident of Ottawa
 * James R. Maher, Conservative Party nominee for Senate in 1978 from Overland Park
 * Ken North, resident of Shawnee Mission
 * Ed Phillips, candidate for U.S. Representative in 1978 from Louisburg
 * John Simpson, former Republican State Senator from Salina


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/loveangels.it

Links

 * loveangels.it resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 3 additions.


text:
Wikibooks talk:Miscellaneous bookshelf

the "red.png" thing
I've put it on the book I listed on here since it seems to be the convention in use, but I'd like to know why it's done.

Gurkha 20:46, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * [[Image:100%.png]], [[Image:50%.png]], and [[Image:25%.png]] are completion labels. They indicate how far a book has progressed and/or how completed it is. See the Main Page (on the right) or Template:Stages2 for details. - SamE 02:45, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Combining books on armour
* Making Period Mail * Making Period Leather Armor * Making Basic Armor are closely related. Should we combine them all together into a "Society for Creative Anachronism" book ? Or an even more general book that would include * Conworlding ? (what would you call it ?)

 * IMO, the top three should probably be merged, but conworlding is a far broader, only tangentially related topic. Irrevenant 10:02, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

Removed subpage of user page from bookshelf
This page was listed at this bookshelf:
 * User:Chaturganj/Treatise on life and every thing that matters

I moved it here because it was a subpage of a user page. --Kernigh 16:50, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

Interwikilink German
Hello there, could someone please create an interwikilink of this page to de:Regal:Diverse?? -- <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:01, 28 November 2008 (UTC)
 * ✅ — Mike.lifeguard | talk 22:41, 28 November 2008 (UTC)

I removed the link because de-WB changed the subjects (Regal namespace). There are several subjects instead of "Diverse" (Miscellaneous): -- Juetho 09:46, 5 February 2015 (UTC)
 * de:Regal:Anleitungen -- Manuals and similar books
 * de:Regal:Esoterik -- Esotericism
 * de:Regal:Ernährung -- Food and Drink, Nutrition
 * de:Regal:Hobby
 * de:Regal:Ratgeber -- Guides
 * de:Regal:Reisen und Landeskunde -- Travel Guides, Countries
 * de:Regal:Spiele -- Games
 * de:Regal:Sport

title: Wikibooks talk:Miscellaneous bookshelf


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of participants in the creation–evolution controversy

The result was   delete. WP:SNOW. Editors should of course feel free to create a different list of [notable] creationists, complementary to Category:Creationists and its subcats. postdlf (talk) 16:36, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

List of participants in the creation–evolution controversy

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

 * The article violates WP:NPOV and WP:FRINGE by offering a false balance between evolution and creationism. We are treated to a long list of creationists and creationist organizations, with a relatively shorter list on the pro-evolution side.

 * Several items in the list don't have a corresponding article.

 * The What links here page reveals a self-walled-garden, with all but two links being redirects back to the list itself. Such redirects give a veneer of notability where there is none.

 * At least one item (there may be others), Answers In Creation, is a redirect to another list embedded in another article.

 * Some items appear to promote fringe content, for instance a creationist who made a "prediction about comet composition, discovered by the Deep Impact Mission on 4 July 2005."

 * The article has carried the NPOV tag since September, with no resolution in sight. Fixing particular issues such as those above would not solve the inherent false balance the article itself suggests. There is little expectation that conforming to NPOV is possible in this circumstance.

 * We already have categories that address the bookkeeping aspect of this article, for instance Category:Creationists, Category:Creationist organisations, Category:Critics of creationism, and Category:Science advocacy organizations.

Manul ~ talk 01:33, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Lists-related deletion discussions.  Everymorning   talk  02:01, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * delete I can see having a list of creationists; maybe we already do. I'm not seeing having a list of anti-creationists. Mangoe (talk) 02:38, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * By your own words the nominator for deletion has POV problems. "I can see having a list of creationists ... not seeing a list of anti-creationists."--Kaptinavenger (talk) 08:43, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Your not willing to see the list of "anti-creationists" or you didn't read the article?--Kaptinavenger (talk) 08:45, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Manul AfD this post without reading the article, and has nominated it for "not seeing a list of anti-creationists" Clearly he has POV issues. He is either to lazy or unwilling to edit the article and would rather waste hundreds of hours of study. SMH WP:AFD WP:EQ WP:NPOV And I'm the new guy, this guys has been doing this for 9 years. --Kaptinavenger (talk) 09:57, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Oops, uh I'm sorry ill give up now --Kaptinavenger (talk) 10:49, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Delete. I entirely agree with the nomination statement. This type of list has an inherent undue-weight problem: almost every vocal creationist is a "participant in the controversy", and almost every non-creationist avoids the topic like the plague the ten plagues, leaving the putative "opponents" section underpopulated relative to the actual predominance of that view. It's pretty obvious POV to title the sections "proponents" and "opponents" of creationism in any case. Opabinia regalis (talk) 03:55, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete per the concise wisdom of an IP user on the talk page: "There is no 'Creation-Evolution Controversy'." — Noah  04:17, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete for all the reasons given above, and more. Nwlaw63 (talk) 04:41, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete List of new religious movement and cult researchers has much the same issues, as probably do lists of UFO and Bigfoot controversy participants. Kitfoxxe (talk) 05:05, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep Expand, useful for vetting and cross referencing. 50+ cross references in support of Evolution, 200+ Edits, ~50 Editors, 9 Years of work.--Kaptinavenger (talk) 07:03, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * appears to be on a canvassing spree, notifying editors who have touched the article back to 2008 and perhaps further. I want to assume good faith, but some editors suspiciously didn't get notified, such as Dougweller, who, based upon talk page comments, would seem likely to vote for deletion. Regardless, any set of editors that are invested in the article is not a representative sample of editors anyway. Kaptinavenger, please stop and read WP:CANVASS. Manul ~ talk 08:18, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I have posted on Manul talk page, the originator of the Delete, and AndyTheGrump and Stephan Schulz who if you would read the articles talk page you would see does not share my personal opinion on the matter but is willing to edit rather than trash. I'm not sure about previous deletion attempts, bear with me I am new, and I have skipped a few editors as It looks like they are using bots to edit, and flipping back and forth canvassing, for a topic I enjoy, is not easy. Posting an appropriate notice on users' talk pages in order to inform editors on all "sides" of a debate (e.g., everyone who participated in a previous deletion debate on a given subject) may be appropriate under certain circumstances on a case-by-case basis. read WP:CANVASS WP:BITE and WP:AFD "Consider whether the article could be improved rather than deleted".--Kaptinavenger (talk) 08:40, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * , you skipped Dougweller because you thought he was editing through a bot? Why did you think that? Independent of whatever that is about, there is still the second point I made in my previous comment: do you understand why I said "any set of editors that are invested in the article is not a representative sample of editors"? Even if you notified every single person appearing in the article history, without leaving any one out, that would still be a problem. You are continuing to canvass; please stop. Manul ~ talk 09:09, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Manul read WP:GF WP:AFD WP:BITE WP:NPOV Also try reading what you say before you post. Your poker face is weak. You are impatient, rude and your POV is showing. --Kaptinavenger (talk) 09:48, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Resorting to personal attacks when asked to explain what appears on the face of it to be a violation of WP:CANVAS isn't generally the most productive approach. AndyTheGrump (talk) 09:52, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Manul repeating the same WP:CAN complaint without reading my responses is Like when he AfD'd this article without reading it. His complaints to my legitimate canvassing (Andy you got letter and voted to delete) is a sign to his not wanting me to canvas for this article. He wants the thing dead because it contradicts his PPOV that people with more education than him might believe in Creation. If he does not like the lop sidedness of the article he should have tried editing. Not trashing. WP:AFD "Consider whether the article could be improved rather than deleted" --Kaptinavenger (talk) 10:12, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * On what basis are you asserting that User:Manul hasn't read the article? AndyTheGrump (talk) 10:16, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * According to Manul's voting comment he is "not seeing a list of anti-creationists", by anti-creationists I take to mean section 2 of this list. --Kaptinavenger (talk) 10:38, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * What? Manul didn't write that - it was User:Mangoe. AndyTheGrump (talk) 10:43, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Oops, uh I'm sorry ill give up now --Kaptinavenger (talk) 10:49, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I have amended my response for clarity. Mangoe (talk) 15:54, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Does anyone call themselves "anti-creationists"? Your POV is still hanging out. --End the Cow-Toeing, Grants for Science not Agenda (talk) 19:34, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * The difference between say Richard Dawkins, a professional Opponent of Creation, and Steve from Vermont is self evident. The attack on the article clearly stems from complete lack of NPOV and a total miss understanding of the topic at hand. --End the Cow-Toeing, Grants for Science not Agenda (talk) 19:44, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Delete. An inherently NPOV-violating list, as amply noted above, with no redeeming features. AndyTheGrump (talk) 07:41, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete for the reasons very ably given in the nomination. -- Hoary (talk) 09:31, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete Article serves only to make it appear that there is a controversy.—Kww(talk) 12:35, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete - it seemed like a good idea at the time, but is inherently unmaintainable. Guettarda (talk) 13:22, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete. The list criteria seems to be inherently ill-defined, and it gives the impression of an inherently non-NPOV false balance.  Sławomir Biały  (talk) 14:29, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Hmm... I think I misread some of the !votes above, thinking we already had an article List of creationists. I would support the inclusion of such a list.  So if there is content here that is useful to that end, I would support the inclusion of such a refocused (and appropriately retitled) list.   Sławomir Biały  (talk) 00:50, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Comment The title itself does not seem neutral. Controversy should be debate, and evolution is the creationists term for those who oppose their viewpoint. The article has had a NPOV tag for months, yet the most recent changes have made it even less neutral, proponents and opponents when there are two (or more) sides being debated is not neutral. I would suggest a Move to List of creationists or similar, and cut out the opponents/scientific section, but I believe it is WP:SNOWing here. Martin 4 5 1  14:52, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep but prune Many of the entries on this list do have their own pages, so I don't see why you wouldn't want to gather them together into a list like this. On the other hand, entries without their own pages should be ruthlessly pruned, so as to avoid running afoul of WP:NPOV and WP:UNDUE.  By this I mean that the subject of every retained entry must be a link to an independent article, and thus can be assumed to pass WP:N.
 * Answering points in the nom:
 * WP:FRINGE and WP:GEVAL do not seem applicable, if the page is limited as I proposed. Entries that have their own pages are already on WP.  We are not giving them undue weight but putting them into a list like this.
 * Criticisms about not enough evolutionists, POV commentary, self-references, and the like can be resolved by editing the article, not deleting it. Is there any mechanism for the article to be placed on probation, with deletion reconsidered if the needed fixes are not implemented?
 * The point regarding the article's What links here page seems to be fallacious. It may show that this article is not well-cited by other independent articles, but it does not show that the links in this article are primarily self-references.
 * Having a category does not eliminate the need for a list. I, for one, dislike categories and never use them.
 * --BlueMoonlet (t/c) 16:16, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * This misses the penultimate point in the original post: "Fixing particular issues such as those above would not solve the inherent false balance the article itself suggests." We have List of astrologers, but we don't have List of participants in the astrology-astronomy controversy. A completely different article, such as a no-commentary List of creationism advocates (resembling List of astrologers) may be suitable. The purpose of the original points (it wasn't claimed that "links in this article are primarily self-references"; that is a straw man) was to emphasize that the current article as written, and most anything resembling it, is certainly not suitable. I would say that the best way to write a completely different article is to create a completely different article. If a week passes before that happens, an admin can still userfy the old article for reference. Manul ~ talk 18:08, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Indeed because the discussion of Astrology vs Astronomy is not happening, your being a bully, your POV is showing. --End the Cow-Toeing, Grants for Science not Agenda (talk) 18:49, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * No, Manul made some points worth discussing. Please beware of WP:KETTLE and you might consider WP:DOGGY.
 * The problem with your astronomy-astrology analogy is that there is actually an article on the creation–evolution controversy. So, again, having a list of people who have engaged in that debate does not seem out of place.
 * If you did not mean to complain that "links in this article are primarily self-references," can you explain what you did man by the comment about What Links Here? Do you mean that people judge the notability of an article by how many other WP articles link to it?
 * Finally, I'll say again that my !vote is conditioned on removing the extensive commentary, which is contrary to WP:LIST. --BlueMoonlet (t/c) 05:57, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Delete / Comment Fixing the NPOV issue would involve a rather large expansion of the Science side. For starters the organizations section would need to add the ones from this list:
 * Albanian Academy of Sciences
 * National Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, Argentina
 * Australian Academy of Science
 * Austrian Academy of Sciences
 * Bangladesh Academy of Sciences
 * The Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium
 * Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Brazilian Academy of Sciences
 * Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
 * RSC: The Academies of Arts, Humanities and Sciences of Canada
 * Academia Chilena de Ciencias
 * Chinese Academy of Sciences
 * Academia Sinica, China, Taiwan
 * Colombian Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences
 * Croatian Academy of Arts and Sciences
 * Cuban Academy of Sciences
 * Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
 * Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters
 * Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt
 * Académie des Sciences, France
 * Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities
 * The Academy of Athens, Greece
 * Hungarian Academy of Sciences
 * Indian National Science Academy
 * Indonesian Academy of Sciences
 * Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran
 * Royal Irish Academy
 * Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
 * Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Italy
 * Science Council of Japan
 * Kenya National Academy of Sciences
 * National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic
 * Latvian Academy of Sciences
 * Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
 * Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts
 * Academia Mexicana de Ciencias
 * Mongolian Academy of Sciences
 * Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco
 * The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
 * Academy Council of the Royal Society of New Zealand
 * Nigerian Academy of Sciences
 * Pakistan Academy of Sciences
 * Palestine Academy for Science and Technology
 * Academia Nacional de Ciencias del Peru
 * National Academy of Science and Technology, The Philippines
 * Polish Academy of Sciences
 * Académie des Sciences et Techniques du Sénégal
 * Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
 * Singapore National Academy of Sciences
 * Slovak Academy of Sciences
 * Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts
 * Academy of Science of South Africa
 * Royal Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences of Spain
 * National Academy of Sciences, Sri Lanka
 * Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
 * Council of the Swiss Scientific Academies
 * Academy of Sciences, Republic of Tajikistan
 * The Caribbean Academy of Sciences
 * Turkish Academy of Sciences
 * The Uganda National Academy of Sciences
 * The Royal Society, UK already in the article
 * US National Academy of Sciences already in the article
 * Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences
 * Academia de Ciencias Físicas, Matemáticas y Naturales de Venezuela
 * Zimbabwe Academy of Sciences
 * African Academy of Sciences
 * The Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS)
 * The Executive Board of the International Council for Science (ICSU)

 * 1359 names would need to be added to the individuals section, from this list. Note: that list only includes PhDs named Steve who have participated in the controversy on the science side. The list of individuals on the science side might become somewhat long if we start adding people who aren't named Steve. Alsee (talk) 17:07, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * We should only add those named Steve if they have articles themselves. It would be interesting to see how many Steve articles there are. Stephen T. Asma, 34th on the list is the third I have found with an article. Martin 4 5 1  18:03, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * It is not meant to be a comprehensive list of every creation believing scientist, nor every person who does not believe. Does the Steve list somehow prove the scientists who believe and study creation wrong? --End the Cow-Toeing, Grants for Science not Agenda (talk) 18:45, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Who say's it is not meant to be comprehensive? There are no inclusion criteria other than participants in the debate. If 1359 people have signed up to Project Steve, then they could be included. These people don't prove or disprove creation myths, they are simply a representative sample of the scientific community. Martin 4 5 1  20:17, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I am willing to concede to listing steve, as long as he has a wiki page, so long as the creationists can get the same break. And Keep Editing. --Kaptinavenger (talk) 23:07, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * The criterion for the list is "participants," not just people who have an opinion. If signing on to Project Steve is the only form of participation that a certain person has engaged in, then they should not be separately included in this list even if they pass WP:N.  --BlueMoonlet (t/c) 05:57, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Comment This page reads like the Secular Troll Church Hymnal. Psalms about how bad religion is and about the proven trueness of their ideology. --End the Cow-Toeing, Grants for Science not Agenda (talk) 19:44, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * reply - speak for yourself; I'm too devout a Christian to believe that my Lord and Savior would expect me to believe in the nonsense of the creationists at this late stage in history. I'd say that was the behavior of a trickster god; but that's an insult to trickster gods. -- Orange Mike |  Talk  01:01, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete as POV fork Snuggums (talk / edits) 21:51, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep and rename to List of supporters of creationism, because sometimes is good to have an overview of where the kooks are. Tgeorgescu (talk) 22:32, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete - long-standing NPOV-violating list of minor figures, many of them non-notable; filled with circular references; and apparently devoted to making this fringe topic appear to be worthy of serious discussion, rather than being classed with the flat-Earthers and the alchemists. -- Orange Mike |  Talk  01:01, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Or the Newtonians! Antediluvian fools. Srnec (talk) 16:35, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete. The page seems to me to lack some neutrality, and if we really want to keep some of this page's more relevant content, surely it can be added to the Creation-evolution controversy page to live on. wia (talk) 14:05, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

Martin 4 5 1  keep or delete? --Kaptinavenger (talk) 01:30, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Delete - What does it take to be a "participant" in the "controversy"? Do we include anybody who has ever written or spoken about evolution or creationism? Every comic who's been documented telling a joke at creationism's expense? Every preacher who has quoted Genesis? Every notable academic who cites Darwin? Every notable church? It's untenable and an inappropriate topic for an encyclopedic list. The article title and subject is such that I furthermore cannot foresee any reasonably specific inclusion criteria that would make the list more appropriate while also avoiding NPOV issues. —  Rhododendrites talk  \\ 05:27, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Delete As per Rhododendrites, there really is no clear line for who counts as a "participant". If there were an organised series of debates (etc etc) there might be, but there isn't. Also the whole title is unbalanced, because only advocates of "creationism" believe there is a controversy. Imaginatorium (talk) 15:45, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Science-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 15:21, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Religion-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 15:21, 11 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Franklin Blyden

Franklin Blyden (born 1946) is a hurdler who represents the United States Virgin Islands. He competed in the men's 110 metres hurdles at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

title: Franklin Blyden


text:
Odintsovka

Odintsovka (Одинцовка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 401 as of 2013. There are 8 streets.

Geography
Odintsovka is located 27 km southwest of Biysk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Fominskoye is the nearest rural locality.

title: Odintsovka


text:
Portal:Learning Projects/Quotes

Active learning "Learning is the product of the activity of learners." - John Holt

"When I examine myself and my methods of thought, I come to the conclusion that the gift of fantasy has meant more to me than my talent for absorbing positive knowledge." - Albert Einstein

"I suppose it is because nearly all children go to school nowadays, and have things arranged for them, that they seem so forlornly unable to produce their own ideas." - Agatha Christie

"Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire." - William Butler Yeats

title: Portal:Learning Projects/Quotes


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sargis Bkheera

The result of the debate was delete. Mailer Diablo 01:18, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Sargis Bkheera
Appears to be either OR, or perhaps a fringe historical viewpoint. 7 distinct google hits, but they seem to be reprints of the same paragraph from http://www.aina.org/aol/peter/timeline ..Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 00:30, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom, suspicious WP:OR. Roy  boy cr ash  fan  [[Image:Flag_of_Texas.svg|30px]] 01:06, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom -- T B C [[Image:Confused-tpvgames.gif|18px|]] ???  ???   ??? 01:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. --Khoikhoi 04:07, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom --Focoe 15:39, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Oliver Keenan 20:43, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Weak keep and cleanup - Sargis Bkheera, also spelled Sargis Bahira (which returns 3 more distinct Google hits) does appear at a glance to be a real and notable historical figure. The article in its present incarnation is, of course, unacceptable.  --Hyperbole 23:21, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete Woot for vanity! --DragonWR12LB 07:00, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.  OhNo itsJamie Talk 22:51, 22 March 2006 (UTC)


text:
Neophrida meterythralis

Neophrida meterythralis is a species of snout moth in the genus Neophrida. It was described by George Hampson in 1916 and is known from Venezuela.

title: Neophrida meterythralis


text:
stichtite

Etymology
After Robert Sticht (1856-1922), the manager of Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Co. in Australia, in 1910.

Noun

 * 1)  A mineral with rhombohedral crystals, often pink or lilac, Mg6Cr2CO3(OH)16·4H2O.

title: stichtite


text:
Rhaphipteroides apicalis

Rhaphipteroides apicalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Rhaphipteroides. It was described by Touroult and Tavakilian in 2007.

title: Rhaphipteroides apicalis


text:
Pouya Idani

Pouya Idani (born 22 September 1995) is an Iranian chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 2014. He won the World U18 chess Championship in 2013. He is the 2nd best chess player in Iran (as of June 2021).

Chess career
Idani represented his country in a number of chess olympiads, including 2012 and 2014.

He played in the Chess World Cup 2015, where he was defeated in the first round by Shakhriyar Mamedyarov.

He is the champion of the 2018 Goa Open tournament.

In 2008, he won 2nd place at the 7th Dubai Juniors Chess Championship and at the 4th World Schools Chess Championships - Open U13 in Singapore.

In 2009, he won 2nd place at the Iranian U14 Championship, and tied in 5th place at the World U14 Championship with Mads Andersen.

Idani won the Iranian U18 championship in 2011.

He tied 3rd to 8th place at the World U18 Championship in 2012 with Jorge Cori, Jan-Krzysztof Duda, Gábor Nagy, Kacper Drozdowski, and Vladislav Kovalev.

He qualified again for the Chess World Cup 2021 where, ranked 85th, he defeated Ziaur Rahman 2–0 in the first round, David Antón Guijarro 1.5-0.5 in the second round, and 21st-seed Evgeny Tomashevsky 2.5-1.5 in the third round. He was eliminated in the fourth round by the eventual winner Jan-Krzysztof Duda.

title: Pouya Idani


text:
trick out

Etymology
Perhaps from dialectal English, perhaps an alteration of. More at.

Verb

 * 1)  To dress or decorate in an especially fancy, elaborate, or excessive manner.
 * 2)  Of a motor vehicle, etc.: to mod or customize an object, typically for the purposes of personalization and enhancing performance capabilities such as the ability to perform stunts.
 * 1)  Of a motor vehicle, etc.: to mod or customize an object, typically for the purposes of personalization and enhancing performance capabilities such as the ability to perform stunts.
 * 1)  Of a motor vehicle, etc.: to mod or customize an object, typically for the purposes of personalization and enhancing performance capabilities such as the ability to perform stunts.
 * 1)  Of a motor vehicle, etc.: to mod or customize an object, typically for the purposes of personalization and enhancing performance capabilities such as the ability to perform stunts.
 * 1)  Of a motor vehicle, etc.: to mod or customize an object, typically for the purposes of personalization and enhancing performance capabilities such as the ability to perform stunts.
 * 1)  Of a motor vehicle, etc.: to mod or customize an object, typically for the purposes of personalization and enhancing performance capabilities such as the ability to perform stunts.

title: trick out


text:
User:Grant Robinson

I am a student from Kent with a strong interest in management and law. My particular interests lie in management theory and corporate law, and I aim to add more of these to the school in the near future. My username is RobbiG.

title: User:Grant Robinson


text:
Talk:Berberis microphylla

Future section
I'm moving the enclosed from the article to here:

 * ==Future==
 * Given the advantage that calafate grows in areas where summers are practically free from heat like southern Chile and Tierra del Fuego, this fruit, could be cultivated in central and north Scandinavia, Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian Islands, Scotland, Ireland, it would be very interesting to stablish calafate crops in Iceland; a country where no fruit cultivation is posible.

Something along these lines might be appropriate but only if WP:ATT and encylopedic tone can be improved. See Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Plants for more discussion. Kingdon 18:01, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

Excessive precision in English measurement?
This article renders the usual plant height, 1.0 to 1.5 meters, into english units as "3 ft 3 in to 4 ft 11 in". I don't know anything about this particular plant, but I suspect that this degree of precision is unwarranted, and that the height range in English units would be better rendered as "3 to 5 ft". Would anyone with authoritative information about this plant care to comment and/or update the article? Tonydwyer2001 (talk) 16:16, 10 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Good suggestion. Plantdrew (talk) 03:21, 16 January 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Berberis microphylla


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Football rivalries in Peru

The result was   delete. Missvain (talk) 05:35, 17 February 2015 (UTC)

Football rivalries in Peru

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

Contested prod with the article expanded. However, this is an Inherently unencyclopedic list. Looks to be a lot of WP:OR as almost all the rivalries bar the two big ones that have their own articles already are fully unreferenced. Per WP:NRIVALRY there is no indication that WP:GNG in any instance bar potentially the first two. The fact that two teams play each other regularly does not automatically create a de facto rivalry. Fenix down (talk) 07:01, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This discussion has been included in WikiProject Football's list of association football-related deletions. Fenix down (talk) 07:07, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Delete per nom. Rivalries in sports are not inherently notable. Clarityfiend (talk) 07:20, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete - as far as I can see only two have separate articles, therefore no need for this 'parent' article. GiantSnowman 12:47, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Football-related deletion discussions. N ORTH A MERICA 1000 12:52, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of South America-related deletion discussions. N ORTH A MERICA 1000 12:52, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Peru-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 18:54, 11 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Paulinho (footballer, born May 1989)

Paulo Sérgio de Oliveira (born 10 May 1989), commonly known as Paulinho, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Santa Cruz.

Club career
Born in Francisco Morato, São Paulo, Paulinho was an Internacional youth graduate. He made his first team – and Série A – debut on 30 November 2008, coming on as a substitute for Rosinei in a 1–0 home win against Cruzeiro.

On 12 May 2009, Paulinho was loaned to Figueirense in the Série B, until the end of the year. The following February, he moved to Guarani also in a temporary deal.

On 19 July 2011, after a short stint at Botafogo-SP, Paulinho joined Ponte Preta. After appearing rarely, he signed for Guaratinguetá in February of the following year.

On 19 December 2012, Paulinho agreed to a contract with Ituano. A regular starter, he was crowned champions of the Campeonato Paulista in 2014, after defeating Santos.

On 8 May 2014, Paulinho signed for Náutico, and contributed with three goals in 25 appearances for the side. On 23 December, he returned to Ponte Preta.

Paulinho again featured sparingly for the club, and was subsequently released; on 9 July 2015, he joined Criciúma. The following 4 January he moved to Paysandu, but cut ties with the club on 6 June after appearing rarely.

Paulinho started the 2017 campaign with Mirassol, but returned to Criciúma in April. On 5 July, however, he signed with Atlético Goianiense until the end of the year.

An immediate mainstay at Dragão, Paulinho scored his first goal in the main category of Brazilian football on 23 July 2017, netting the equalizer in a 1–1 home draw against Botafogo.

Paulinho signed for São Bento on 17 December 2018.

title: Paulinho (footballer, born May 1989)


text:
User:Solkoll~enwikibooks

WIKIng Solkoll is a writer, (and sysop) in the swedish wikibooks. I will help out some in the swedish dictionary if you guys need it. Don't be afraid to ask if there is something you would like to know about the language.

sv:Användare:Solkoll

title: User:Solkoll~enwikibooks


text:
Cookbook:Cucumber

The cucumber, also known as a cuke, is a green vegetable related to the squash and melon.

Characteristics
For the most part, cucumbers are elongated, with a nubby green skin and very pale green/white flesh. The flesh is watery and crisp, much like that of a melon, and most varieties have a seedy pulp running down the center of the cucumber. Older cultivars were moderately bitter, though modern varieties tend to be less so. However, environmental stressors can still cause even modern cucumbers to be bitter. Some cucumbers, especially those with thin skins intended for raw consumption, may be coated with edible wax to reduce moisture loss.

Generally, cucumbers are divided into "slicing" versus pickling varieties—the former can be eaten raw, while the latter are typically only pickled.

The following are common varieties:

 * Garden: dark green; large seeds; skin can be bitter
 * English/European/hothouse/seedless: long and thin; thin skin and minimal seeds; low bitterness; often wrapped in plastic
 * Persian: small and smooth; thin-skinned
 * Pickling/kirby: stubby and warty/spiny; firm-fleshed and crunchy; bitter when raw
 * Lemon: yellow and round, like lemons; mild and crunchy

Selection and storage
It’s important to look for firm cucumbers with rich green color and no soft spots or limpness. Unless you're working with lemon cucumbers, yellow color indicates a cucumber that is over-mature. Cucumbers that bulge in the middle tend to be filled with large watery seeds and tasteless flesh. The flesh should be opaque, not clear, and crisp. Cucumbers intended for pickling should not be waxed, since this interferes with the pickling process, and they should have sturdy, firm flesh to hold up to the process.

Whole cucumbers should be refrigerated in a crisper, and can be kept for a week or two. Sliced cucumber lasts only a few days. Unwaxed cucumbers will easily lose moisture, so keep them wrapped tightly in plastic.

Preparation
To check if your cucumber is waxed, run the point of a fork or knife over the skin, and note whether a waxy material peels off. If the skin is tough or waxed, you may want to peel your cucumber before cutting. You can also peel segments off around the circumference, which will create an attractive variegation when sliced. If you would like to remove the seedy/pulpy core of a cucumber, start by slicing it in half length-wise. Then either scrape the core out with a spoon, or cut again into quarters and slice off the core with a knife.

Some cooks assert that sprinkling cucumber flesh with salt and letting them sit for about half an hour will reduce their bitterness and make them crispier. The excess salt is then rinsed off.

Use
Cucumbers are typically eaten raw or pickled to preserve their mild flavor and crisp texture. They are popular in fresh salads, fresh soups, dips, and sauces, and they also find use in rolled sushi. Cucumber sandwiches are eaten in England. Very thin slices of cucumber may be quickly and easily produced by running a vegetable peeler or mandolin to shave off slices.

title: Cookbook:Cucumber


text:
pizzichino

Adjective

 * 1) sparkling, fizzy
 * 2) spicy, hot

Noun

 * 1) pinch, dash (small amount)
 * 1) pinch, dash (small amount)

Noun

 * 1)  policeman, cop

Noun

 * 1)  variety of tressette played with two people, where each player in turn draws cards and shows them to the other

title: pizzichino


text:
Cadrezzate con Osmate

Cadrezzate con Osmate is a comune (municipality) in the province of Varese, Lombardy, northern Italy. It was formed in 2019 by the merger of the previous comuni of Cadrezzate and Osmate.

title: Cadrezzate con Osmate


text:
Talk:Jenny-Lyn Anderson

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title: Talk:Jenny-Lyn Anderson


text:
Azer

Etymology
Borrowed from. This surname is mostly found in Egypt.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Azer is the 34967th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 645 individuals. Azer is most common among White (91.32%) individuals.

Noun

 * 1) (male) Azerbaijani

title: Azer


text:
User:Spinnerpost

The Spinner Post

The Spinner Post is a website that aggregates news from different sources into one platform. As a news / blog site, it aims to provide an accurate depiction of the latest / hottest news online while steering clear of “shady mainstream media”. The site’s motto is “trashing shady media” and represents the dedication to avoid repetitive, uninteresting news as provided by major media corporations.

On political news, the Spinner Post tends to take an unbiased approach but nevertheless criticizes sources & opinions to the extreme: providing the most realistic interpretation of events while avoiding bias for the most part.

Founded in 2012 by Albert Becker (CEO), the Spinner Post is located in Miami Beach, Florida.

title: User:Spinnerpost


text:
South Island (rugby union)

The South Island is a New Zealand men's domestic rugby union team selected from the South Island's players, based on where a they first played senior representative rugby. They played against the North Island in the North vs South match between 1897 and 2012.

A match was to be played on 29 August 2020 at Eden Park, but was delayed until a week later on 5 September and played at Sky Stadium, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

title: South Island (rugby union)


text:
Talk:Criticism of the Space Shuttle program

Previous criticisms
This article is far too hagiographic. There are plenty of people out there who have spilled plenty of ink arguing that the shuttle program is a failure, a waste of national resources, and a prime example of a government program completely out of control. we have phrases like "While the Shuttle has been a reasonably successful launch vehicle..." popping up, and no one is even thinking to ask if this is even remotely true! 2 out of 5 have crashed in just over 100 flights! that sounds to me like a piece of junk and waste of tax dollars. what if your car blew up every 50th or 60th time you drove it? or airplanes crashed after 50 or 60 flights? and what about public response to the shuttle? does anyone even care anymore? some viewership of launches/ public opinion numbers/ etc. should be included. You engineers don't have to go up in that piece of junk, and it's quite immoral to knowingly endanger the astronauts. ?Unknown Author?

?Unknown Authors?

We should remember that the Shuttle's only purpose was CHEAP and RELIABLE access to low earth orbit: A 'Space Truck'. By that standard, e.g. the cost per pound to orbit, the shuttle is a miserable failure (at over a billion $ per launch, over $20k per pound). It would have been much cheaper to use ULVs (like Saturn), and have avoided the entire Shuttle program.

There's other dirty shuttle secrets/laundry:
 * . Capsules are inherently safer than the Shuttle, since the shuttle requires a perfect launch, reentry, and landing to avoid loss of vehicle/crew. Capsules have a launch escape tower, and a fool proof re-entry mode.

. The Shuttle program cost has bled and hobbled the un-manned program, where true science and exploration is done. . The Shuttle has delayed the improvement of ELVs, since for a period all space cargo was forced to use the Shuttle . The Shuttle has accomplished little or no science that could have not been accomplished better and cheaper with unmanned vehicles. . The Shuttle exists to service the Space Station, and the Space station exists to give the shuttle something to do. It's de-humanizing to risk people's lives unnecessarily for mundane tasks. . After the glories of exploring the moon, the NASA manned program has not gotten 300 miles from earth in 30 years. . Why can't the shuttle launch and land unmanned? Shouldn't the first shuttle test flights at least have been un-manned? The shuttle is completely automated for all of the precise launch, reentry, and approach phases too delicate and complicated for humans, and the shuttle is capable of auto-land. Is this a union-like attempt to perpetuate the astronaut core? . What is the actual cost of a Shuttle cost today, in $/lb in orbit compared to a competing US or USSR ELV? $1 billion per launch, divided by the 50,000 pound 'theoretical' payload,is at least $20k per pound! . Isn't NASA's return to the ELV concept a repudiation of the shuttle? Those of us who love space exploration should expose and face the depths of NASA failures and mistakes with the shuttle program, and properly celebrate the successes of other programs. At least a listing of shuttle program critic's points is appropriate. To do otherwise is “emperor’s new clothes”.--Wrwhiteal 21:16, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

Capsules are inherently safer because:

. The launch escape tower permits recovery from almost all launch failures. What happens to the shuttle if the booster structure or SSMEs fail at launch? . The heatshield is so much smaller and more sheltered than the shuttle, and does not require active re-entry guidance Why do you think NASA is returning to the Capsule model?Wrwhiteal 21:56, 12 August 2006 (UTC).

 * I'm not sure the same neutrality argument should be applied to a page specificially titled criticisms. It is obvious the intent of the page is to present only one side of an argument and, therefore, could not be assumed to be neutral. A single link near the top of the page to Supporting arguments for... would, in my opinion, make this page neutral given its context. s i n ew a v e Talk [[Image:Flag_of_Canada.svg|18px|]]  20:02, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

Much of what you've written here is fundamentally flawed. anonymous6494 21:19, 3 February 2007 (UTC)
 * First, comparing a space vehicle to an airplane or car is not valid. Space missions are inherently more dangerous than either of those. Imagine if your car carried half a million gallons of explosive fuel, how safe do you think it would be then?
 * Second, what makes a capsule 'inherently safer'? The higher G loading? The narrower entry corridor? The higher heat fluxes? The limited control ability? The water landing? An escape tower isn't useful in all situations either. It's simply one abort mode. The shuttle has similar abort modes, and for both there are situations where no abort mode can save the crew.
 * I don't see how the shuttle cost ELV's, since they have been developed and used continuously alongside the shuttle. And that "for a period all space cargo was forced to use the Shuttle" is blatantly wrong. See.
 * Next, perhaps the astronauts should tell us whether it is 'de-humanizing' to go into space aboard the Shuttle. The only astronaut I've ever talked to thought it was well worth going, and other things I've heard lead me to believe that is true of other astronauts. If they thought it wasn't worth it, they wouldn't go.
 * As for science, I would call Hubble science. And I don't think another vehicle could have completed the Hubble repair mission (especially an unmanned one as you indicated).

 * Nah, I disagree with some of this. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:50, 4 May 2023 (UTC)

This really needs to be rewitten.
This whole page reads like a flame war on a forum board. It is also not based on any information from reliable sources, unless you consider the "I hate the shuttle" crowd reliable. T.A. Heppenhimer wrote two very detailed books on this subject and they contain the reasons for the "flying brickyard" becoming what it was.

However this is simple shuttle bashing, and IMHO it should be deleted from the site, or rewriten from a neutral standpoint. If I wanted to read this type of su-standard article, I go to any of the major "news" websites.

How 'bout it? Milspecsim (talk) 07:33, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

Did you re-write it? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:49, 4 May 2023 (UTC)


text:
Talk:sein

This page makes absolutely no sense in the slightest.
 * Which language did you want the definition of "sein" for? Kappa 20:21, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

Line 1:	Line 1: This page makes absolutely no sense in the slightest. This page makes absolutely no sense in the slightest.
 * Which language did you want the definition of "sein" for? Kappa 20:21, 14 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Which language did you want the definition of "sein" for? Kappa 20:21, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

German, Sie and wir imparatives of sein
I noticed that this article is missing the Sie and wir imperatives of Sie, but I do not see a way to add them to the chart, I was wondering if there is a way to rectify this omission.

 * Yes, the conjugation template doesn't have a slot for those imperatives, presumably because the imperative for wir and Sie is almost always the same as the present tense. So, I just now noted the irregularity in a text note below the conjugation table.  —Rod (A. Smith) 18:09, 2 May 2011 (UTC)

 * That's fine of course. But there's actually no irregularity there. These imperatives are subjunctive forms in all verbs including sein. Most grammars even call them "Optativ" instead of imperative.Kolmiel (talk) 09:26, 27 March 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:sein


text:
textome

Etymology
(as in ).

Noun

 * 1)  The complete set of biological literature that contain useful information when combined to generate new information through bioinformatics.

title: textome


text:
User:தென்காசி சுப்பிரமணியன்/sandbox

Present Reservation Scheme Details
The below details are provided as per Gazette of Government of Tamil Nadu Web link http://www.tn.gov.in/acts-rules/law/act_10to12_131_07jun06.pdf (link stand removed)

authors: தென்காசி சுப்பிரமணியன்

title: User:தென்காசி சுப்பிரமணியன்/sandbox


text:
User:Vuara/New Essays on the Origins of Language

http://www.isbn.nu/toc/3110170256

New Essays on the Origins of Language

Table of contents

Introduction: New perspectives on an old academic question Jurgen Trabant 1

Biological aspects of the question On the subcortical bases of the evolution of language Philip Lieberman 21 Origin of the human language faculty: the language amoeba hypothesis Eors Szathmary 41

The first language

The apparent paradox of language evolution: can Universal Grammar be explained by adaptive selection? Manfred Bierwisch 55 Elementary forms of linguistic organisation Wolfgang Klein 81 From potential to realisation: an episode in the origin of language Bernard Comrie 103 Protothought had no logical names James R. Hurford 119 The birth of rules Jean Aitchison 133 How language changed the genes: toward an explicit account of the evolution of language Daniel Dor and Eva Jablonka 149

Beyond biolinguistics

The narration "instinct": signalling behaviour, communication, and the selective value of storytelling Volker Heeschen 179 Taxonomic controversies in the twentieth century Merritt Ruhlen 197 The origin of origins: a play in five acts, with a prologue im Himmel and an epilogue auf der Erde Henri Meschonnic 215

References 229 Index 257


text:
Talk:share dilution

This text has been removed from the article as encyclopedic. I stored it here for the time being to check whether some of it should be included in the Wikipedia article on stock dilution (which is the same thing as share dilution) Hekaheka 20:05, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

The greatest share dilution results from a company giving away stock rather than selling it on the open market. This giveaway is called a stock grant. It sounds unreasonable, but corporations do it regularly. Boards of Directors award stock grants to top executives. The amount of the dilution from a stock grant can be calculated precisely. The company's total value remains the same after the grant as before, but it must be spread over a greater number of shares (those outstanding before the issuance of new shares, plus the new shares). Therefore the value of each share declines arithmetically. Total dilution ends up equaling the amount of money the grantee can get for his shares. If the corporation were a two-person family with $1,000 in their safe, each family member (stockholder) would own one share worth $500. If a judge awarded a third person equal ownership of the safe's contents (granted him one share), the original two shares' values would be diluted. To calculate the amount, divide market capitalization (2 shares times $500 each equals $1,000) by total shares outstanding after the grant (3) equals $333.33. This is the value of one share after the grant. Dilution per share is $500 minus $333.33 or $166.67. Total dilution is 2 original shares times $166.67 dilution per share or $$333.33. More directly, dilution equals new shares granted divided by shares outstanding after grant, times company value (1/3 x $1,000). A corporation's granting of shares to an executive removes money from the other shareholders pockets just as surely as the judge's award reduces the amount of money each of the original family members owns in the safe.

Stock options also result in share dilution, but to a lesser degree than grants because the option holder has to pay something for the shares. That "something" the option holder must pay is called the strike price, the discounted price at which the holder is allowed to buy the shares. When exercised in a typical "cashless" manner, the holder of the option borrows the money from the brokerage firm to buy shares at the strike price then immediately sells them at market price. He repays the loan, pays the broker a commission on the two trades and pockets the difference. The company could have received full market value for the shares had it sold them on the open market so the difference between the strike price and market value times the number of shares exercised equals total dilution, the amount of money removed from (or not added to) the corporate treasury. Taking money from the corporate treasury is the same as taking it from the stockholders because the stockholders own the company.

Why does share dilution from stock grants and options occur so frequently? Stock grants and options are awarded to a company's executives by its Board of Directors which is required by law to act in the best interests of the stockholders. Unfortunately, in the United States the decisions of a Board of Directors are usually influenced by the sometimes self-serving wishes of management. Indeed in almost all American companies' not only is the company's top executive on the Board of Directors, but he is also its Chairman. Other company executives often occupy other seats on the board. Still other seats may be occupied by the president of the legal firm the company hires, and the firm that handles the company's advertising. These firms stand to lose business if management becomes displeased with the voting of those directors. Another thing that helps management influence the decisions of the Board of Directors is the fact that stockholders often vote their proxies "as management recommends" to avoid reading the often-100-page Proxy Statement. Management always recommends the approval of grants and options for themselves. For all of these reasons, the chairman of the SEC and many other people feel that American executives now award themselves free and discounted shares of stock at will. The result is the regular dilution of stockholders' share values.

Share dilution may also result from events other than the issuance of stock grants and options. The sale of a division of the company for less than its market price results in share dilution (lower company value divided by the same number of shares). So would a corporate contribution to a charity if the resulting goodwill was worth less than the contribution. Dilution al so results from purchasing another company, whether for cash or stock, if the purchase price is greater than market value. This is virtually always the case.

title: Talk:share dilution


text:
Portal:Mathematics/Learn/News

"Stephen Smale awarded Wolf Prize in mathematics" by Robert Sanders Stephen Smale, known for his work on Topology, dynamical systems, and a list of 18 problems in mathematics to be solved in the 21st century, known as Smale's problems.

title: Portal:Mathematics/Learn/News


text:
Daniel Islas Arroyo

Alejandro Daniel Islas Arroyo (born 24 May 1992 in Mexico State, Mexico) is a Mexican diver. He competed in the individual 3 metre springboard at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

title: Daniel Islas Arroyo


text:
Cherry Grove, Putnam County, West Virginia

Cherry Grove is an unincorporated community in Putnam County, West Virginia, United States.


text:
Second Munda ministry

This is a list of minister from Arjun Munda cabinets starting from 12 March 2005 – 8 September 2006. Arjun Munda is the leader of Bharatiya Janata Party was sworn in the Chief Ministers of Jharkhand in 12 March 2005. Here is the list of the ministers of his ministry.

Arjun Munda along with five Independent MLAs, took oath of office on 12 March and on 29 March, two ministers from Bharatiya Janata Party, two minister from Janata Dal (United)  and one from minister from Nationalist Congress Party who switched over to the Bharatiya Janata Party before swearing in.

title: Second Munda ministry


text:
Talk:Learning Java/Basic Java Language

Suggestion
As a non-programmer, I perhaps would find it informative to have a basic elaboration on concepts mentioned, like "protection", even if it will be elaborated on later. To have a basic idea of what a concept is when it is brought up, seems like it might allow the end user to have a more cohesive idea of what is being taught. Additionally, it seems it might allow for some a more emotionally satisfying learning experience (less confusion and unknowns). That is just a thought. I suppose we all learn differently. Great content though. --Remi0o 06:43, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Which parts do you think need more clarification and are confusing? I know it is pretty short and not to easy to understand, but it is hard to know what to expand when you know what it is. 22:33, 14 December 2006

 * After reading it, the reasoning for protection isn't clear. My suggestion is to restructure this bit.
 * Instead of having a bunch of (explain later ...), just cut out that entire paragraph, and defer discussing this until another lesson. The Object info would make this make sense, but if you are just laying out code conventions, talk about protection and so forth later. Historybuff 04:53, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I've rewritten the protection section, but left the unclear tag for someone else to remove, if it's clearer now. MetaBohemian 23:27, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I think it's much clearer. What do you think of moving this bit to a later section in the course? I think it might be a stumbling block for beginners, and we don't want to lose them with this complexity early in the course structure. It definately needds to be explained, but might be more appropriate in Classes/Objects. Historybuff 17:11, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I've made a bunch of minor corrections, but now I really have the sense that there is little reason to allude to here what you are going to cover later. It doesn't help to clarify, just confuse, so my suggestion is to migrate all of the object stuff to the later lesson. Historybuff 05:20, 17 January 2007 (UTC).
 * Exactly what i was going to suggest. The main way of learning to program is to follow by example. You do not need to understand many of the concepts you are using until you get to a more advanced level. Objects would probably be best covered after a the reader has already covered functions/methods. Simon alfie 13:13, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

I personally believe that this and many other articles in this project need to be re-written and re-structured. The subjects being taught are not being taught in the way that the "should" be taught. I know that this is a monumental task, but I believe that it is essential to re-structure the course before its too late. Zchenyu 21:55, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

prereqs
This lessons dives into classes, without touching much on objects. However, the course prereqs originally said "you have to know how to basically use your computer". I've changed that to reflect the CLI knowledge needed in the previous lesson, but either an object primer should be added to the prereqs or Objects should be touched on here. Historybuff 04:43, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

I have added a note strongly encouraging Introduction to Programming. In that course, we are going to cover some basic concepts that will make a few things (hopefully) much clearer. For example, "protected" is a keyword that declares the scope of something. Scope is a basic language concept that we will definitely be covering. Dmclean

Primitives
A String is not a primitive data type. As mentioned it's a collection of characters. It's an abstraction of several characters in succession. While a String is one of the first data types learned (because of how simple/useful they are), they're not primitive. Therefore it shouldn't be listed under primitive, that's misleading. There's no structural difference between a String and, for example an ArraySet. Poloktim 06:22, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Asking the User section
"Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null, "Now I can set a INTEGER!"));" doesn't work, the compiler returns the error

Multiplying.java:5: cannot find symbol symbol : variable JOptionPane location: class Multiplying int mine = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null, "Now I can set a INTEGER!")); ^ 1 error

does some package need to be imported first? -- Koolaidman  Talk Contribs 16:14, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes. You have two options: a blanket import for the entire source file, or a call-by-call import. There are very few reasons to not use the first, so that's what I'll show you. The  class is located in the   package, so add this line to the beginning of your source file — before the class declaration:

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
 * --MetaBohemian 21:26, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Protection
As a fairly experienced Java programmer, I feel that the topic of protection is completely irrelevant the purpose of this lesson. Protection should not be discussed until objects have been formally introduced. Zchenyu 21:48, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

Renaming the lesson
How about renaming the lesson to "Introduction to Java Applications"? That would be a meaningful name that tells a little about what the lesson talks about. Zchenyu 22:04, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Learning Java/Basic Java Language


text:
User:Summerjubran/Deinstitutionalization in the United States/Bibliography

 * Almost one third (29%) of people incarcerated at the state level in California receive mental health treatment.
 * 40% of individuals with serious mental illnesses have been in jail or prison at some time in their lives.
 * There are more than three times more seriously mentally ill persons in jails and prisons than in hospitals.
 * 30% of people in LA county jails receive mental health treatment.


text:
Talk:Lie algebra study guide

Am I allowed to edit other people's comments here? For example, may I edit the first paragraph study hints? (Author: Roadrunner)--Hillgentleman|User talk:hillgentleman 06:20, 22 November 2006 (UTC)

 * The theories of Lie algebras and Lie groups, although intimately related, branch off into different directions (which come back to join together again at various points). The reference text is on Lie groups.   Is it better to change the title to Lie theory or Lie groups?--Hillgentleman|User talk:hillgentleman 08:21, 22 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lie algebra study guide


text:
High School Mathematics Extensions/Mathematical Proofs/Problem Set/Solutions

Mathematical Proofs Problem Set
1.
 * For all

\begin{matrix} a & > & 0\\ n+a & > & n\\ n & > & n-a\\ \sqrt{n} & > & \sqrt{n-a}\\ 1 & > & \frac{\sqrt{n-a}}{\sqrt{n}}\\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{n-a}} & > & \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}} \end{matrix} $$
 * Therefore $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}$$, $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$ , $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$$... $$ > \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}$$
 * When a>b and c>d, a+c>b+d ( See also Replace it if you find a better one).
 * Therefore we have:
 * $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}......+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>n\times\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}$$
 * $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}......+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>\frac{n}{\sqrt{n}}\times\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}}$$
 * $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}......+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>\frac{n\sqrt{n}}{n}$$
 * $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}......+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>\sqrt{n}$$

3.
 * Let us call the proposition
 * $${n \choose 0} + {n \choose 1} + {n \choose 2} + ... + {n \choose n} = 2^n$$ be P(n)
 * Assume this is true for some n, then
 * $${n \choose 0} + {n \choose 1} + {n \choose 2} + ... + {n \choose n} = 2^n$$
 * $$2\times \left \{ {n \choose 0} + {n \choose 1} + {n \choose 2} + ... + {n \choose 2} \right \} = 2^{n+1}$$
 * $$\left \{ {n \choose 0} + {n \choose n} \right \} + \left \{ {n \choose 0} + 2{n \choose 1} + 2{n \choose 2} + ... + 2{n \choose n-1} + {n \choose n} \right \} = 2^{n+1}$$
 * $$\left \{ {n \choose 0} + {n \choose n} \right \} + \left \{ {n \choose 0} + {n \choose 1} \right \} + \left \{ {n \choose 1} + {n \choose 2} \right \} + \left \{ {n \choose 2} + {n \choose 3} \right \} + ... + \left \{ {n \choose n-1} + {n \choose n} \right \} = 2^{n+1}$$
 * Now using the identities of this function:$${n \choose a} + {n \choose a+1} = {n+1 \choose a+1}$$(Note:If anyone find wikibooks ever mentioned this, include a link here!),we have:
 * $$\left \{ {n \choose 0} + {n \choose n} \right \} + {n+1 \choose 1} + {n+1 \choose 2} + {n+1 \choose 3} + ... + {n+1 \choose n} = 2^{n+1}$$
 * Since $${n \choose 0} = {n \choose n} = 1$$ for all n,
 * $${n+1 \choose 0} + {n+1 \choose n+1} + {n+1 \choose 1} + {n+1 \choose 2} + {n+1 \choose 3} + ... + {n+1 \choose n} = 2^{n+1}$$
 * $${n+1 \choose 0} + {n+1 \choose 1} + {n+1 \choose 2} + {n+1 \choose 3} + ... + {n+1 \choose n} + {n+1 \choose n+1} = 2^{n+1}$$
 * Therefore P(n) implies P(n+1), and by simple substitution P(0) is true.
 * Therefore by the principal of mathematical induction, P(n) is true for all n.

Alternate solution Notice that
 * $$(a + b)^n = {n \choose 0} a^n + {n \choose 1} a^{n-1}b + \cdots + {n \choose n} b^n$$

letting a = b = 1, we get
 * $$(1 + 1)^n = 2^n = {n\choose 0} + {n \choose 1} + \cdots + {n\choose n}$$

as required.

5.
 * Let $$P(x)=x^n + y^n\,$$ be a polynomial with x as the variable, y and n as constants.

\begin{matrix} P(-y) & = & (-y)^n + y^n\\ \ & = & -y^n + y^n(\mbox{When n is an odd integer})\\ \ & = & 0 \end{matrix} $$
 * Therefore by factor theorem(link here please), (x-(-y))=(x+y) is a factor of P(x).
 * Since the other factor, which is also a polynomial, has integer value for all integer x,y and n (I've skipped the part about making sure all coeifficients are of integer value for this moment), it's now obvious that
 * $$\frac{x^n+y^n}{x+y}$$ is an integer for all integer value of x,y and n when n is odd.


text:
Conart/Music

Conworld : conart : conmusic

Introduction
Most westerners are unaware of the great variety there exists in music. Music is by no means the universal language it often is supposed to be. Even in such basic areas as the very building blocks of tonality there exist significant differences between Thai, Indian, Arab, Balinese and European music.

In order to be better equipped to create a new system, it is good to have some kind of grasp of what human cultures have created.

Therefore, this chapter will mostly analyze a number of musical systems somewhat superficially, and also go into the necessary math. Firstly, we will go into how scales are constructed. Secondly, we will look at some rather peculiar vocal techniques that mankind has come up with. Thirdly, miscellaneous things having to do with the music itself will be dealt with. Fourthly, the social and religious aspects of music will be discussed, and finally I will provide you with some listening advice.

The building blocks of music
 * Can there be alternatives to C D E F G A B C..?
 * So, what's the difference?
 * So why are pentatonic scales so popular?

The instrumentation and
 * Is it possible to sing in that way?
 * Are there other things to spice it up with?
 * So, how do the people relate to music?
 * Listening recommendations.

title: Conart/Music


text:
Python Programming/Functions

Function Calls
A callable object is an object that can accept some arguments (also called parameters) and possibly return an object (often a tuple containing multiple objects).

A function is the simplest callable object in Python, but there are others, such as classes or certain class instances.

Defining Functions
A function is defined in Python by the following format:

If a function takes no arguments, it must still include the parentheses, but without anything in them:

The arguments in the function definition bind the arguments passed at function invocation (i.e. when the function is called), which are called actual parameters, to the names given when the function is defined, which are called formal parameters. The interior of the function has no knowledge of the names given to the actual parameters; the names of the actual parameters may not even be accessible (they could be inside another function).

A function can 'return' a value, for example:

A function can define variables within the function body, which are considered 'local' to the function. The locals together with the arguments comprise all the variables within the scope of the function. Any names within the function are unbound when the function returns or reaches the end of the function body.

You can return multiple values as follows: Keywords: returning multiple values, multiple return values.

Declaring Arguments
When calling a function that takes some values for further processing, we need to send some values as Function Arguments. For example:

Default Argument Values
If any of the formal parameters in the function definition are declared with the format "arg = value," then you will have the option of not specifying a value for those arguments when calling the function. If you do not specify a value, then that parameter will have the default value given when the function executes.

Links:
 * 4.7.1. Default Argument Values, The Python Tutorial, docs.python.org

Variable-Length Argument Lists
Python allows you to declare two special arguments which allow you to create arbitrary-length argument lists. This means that each time you call the function, you can specify any number of arguments above a certain number.

When calling the above function, you must provide value for each of the first two arguments. However, since the third parameter is marked with an asterisk, any actual parameters after the first two will be packed into a tuple and bound to "remaining."

If we declare a formal parameter prefixed with two asterisks, then it will be bound to a dictionary containing any keyword arguments in the actual parameters which do not correspond to any formal parameters. For example, consider the function:

If we call this function with any keyword arguments other than max_length, they will be placed in the dictionary "entries." If we include the keyword argument of max_length, it will be bound to the formal parameter max_length, as usual.

Links:
 * 4.7.3. Arbitrary Argument Lists, The Python Tutorial, docs.python.org

By Value and by Reference
Objects passed as arguments to functions are passed by reference; they are not being copied around. Thus, passing a large list as an argument does not involve copying all its members to a new location in memory. Note that even integers are objects. However, the distinction of by value and by reference present in some other programming languages often serves to distinguish whether the passed arguments can be actually changed by the called function and whether the calling function can see the changes.

Passed objects of mutable types such as lists and dictionaries can be changed by the called function and the changes are visible to the calling function. Passed objects of immutable types such as integers and strings cannot be changed by the called function; the calling function can be certain that the called function will not change them. For mutability, see also Data Types chapter.

An example:

Preventing Argument Change
If an argument is of an immutable type any changes made to it will remain local to the called function. However, if the argument is of a mutable type, such as a list, changes made to it will update the corresponding value in the calling function. Thus, if the calling function wants to make sure its mutable value passed to some unknown function will not be changed by it must create and pass a copy of the value.

An example:

Calling Functions
A function can be called by appending the arguments in parentheses to the function name or an empty pair of parentheses if the function takes no arguments.

A function's return value can be used by assigning it to a variable, like so:

As shown above, when calling a function you can specify the parameters by name and you can do so in any order

This above is valid and start will have the default value of 0. A restriction placed on this is after the first named argument then all arguments after it must also be named. The following is not valid

because the third argument ("my message") is an unnamed argument.

Nested functions
Nested functions are functions defined within other functions. Arbitrary level of nesting is possible.

Nested functions can read variables declared in the immediately outside function. For such variables that are mutable, nested functions can even modify them. For such variables that are immutable such as integers, attempt at modification in the nested function throws UnboundLocalError. In Python 3, an immutable immediately outside variable can be declared in the nested function to be nonlocal, in an analogy to global. Once this is done, the nested function can assign a new value to that variable and that modification is going to be seen outside of the nested function.

Nested functions can be used in, as shown below. Furthermore, they can be used to reduce repetion of code that pertains only to a single function, often with reduced argument list owing to seeing the immediately outside variables.

An example of a nested function that modifies an immediately outside variable that is a list and therefore mutable:

An example in which the outside variable is first accessed below the nested function definition and it still works:

Keywords: inner functions, internal functions, local functions.

Links:
 * Nested Function in Python stackoverflow.com
 * 7. Simple statements # 7.13. The nonlocal statement, docs.python.org/3
 * Python nonlocal statement, stackoverflow.com

Closures
A closure is a nested function with an after-return access to the data of the outer function, where the nested function is returned by the outer function as a function object. Thus, even when the outer function has finished its execution after being called, the closure function returned by it can refer to the values of the variables that the outer function had when it defined the closure function.

An example:

Closures are possible in Python because functions are first-class objects. A function is merely an object of type function. Being an object means it is possible to pass a function object (an uncalled function) around as argument or as return value or to assign another name to the function object. A unique feature that makes closure useful is that the enclosed function may use the names defined in the parent function's scope.

Lambda Expressions
A lambda is an anonymous (unnamed) function. It is used primarily to write very short functions that are a hassle to define in the normal way. A function like this:

may also be defined using lambda

Lambda is often used as an argument to other functions that expects a function object, such as sorted's 'key' argument.

The lambda form is often useful as a closure, such as illustrated in the following example:

Note that the lambda function can use the values of variables from the scope in which it was created similar to regular locally defined functions described above. In fact, exporting the precalculations embodiedby its constructor function is one of the essential utilities of closures.

Links:
 * 4.7.5. Lambda Expressions, The Python Tutorial, docs.python.org

Generator Functions
When discussing loops, you came across the concept of an iterator. This yields in turn each element of some sequence, rather than the entire sequence at once, allowing you to deal with sequences much larger than might be able to fit in memory at once.

You can create your own iterators, by defining what is known as a generator function. To illustrate the usefulness of this, let us start by considering a simple function to return the concatenation of two lists:

Imagine wanting to do something like

That would work, but it would consume a lot of memory.

Consider an alternative definition, which takes two iterators as arguments:

Notice the use of the yield statement, instead of return. We can now use this something like

and print out an awful lot of numbers, without using a lot of memory at all.

Note: You can still pass a list or other sequence type wherever Python expects an iterator (like to an argument of your  function); this will still work, and makes it easy not to have to worry about the difference where you don’t need to.

Links:
 * Functional Programming HOWTO # Generators, docs.python.org

title: Python Programming/Functions


text:
ter-

Etymology
From.

Prefix

 * 1) three, threefold

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Prefix

 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]

Etymology
, from.

Prefix

 * 1)  asunder, to pieces, to bits, in two

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Prefix

 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]
 * 1)  to be able [base]

title: ter-


text:
Bogdan Ciufulescu

Bogdan Ciufulescu (born 1 April 1970) is a Romanian former wrestler who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics.

title: Bogdan Ciufulescu


text:
Talk:substrates

For the health sense,should this definition not be best suited on the page substrate?--Williamsayers79 18:44, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:substrates


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/Local/originhousing.org.uk

Links

 * originhousing.org.uk resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Selected additions

 * Displayed 1 additions out of 1 total.	 For more info see WikiProject_Spam/LinkReports/originhousing.org.uk

Entry
Log entry for the MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist:

\boriginhousing\.org\.uk\b  # ADMINNAME # see  [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam/Local/originhousing.org.uk ]]

Discussion
See COIBot report for more details.

New data reported. --COIBot (talk) 08:43, 18 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Ruby Programming/Interactive Ruby

When learning Ruby, you will often want to experiment with new features by writing short snippets of code. Instead of writing a lot of small text files, you can use irb, which is Ruby's interactive mode.

Running irb
Run irb from your shell prompt.

$ irb --simple-prompt >>

The >> prompt indicates that irb is waiting for input. If you do not specify --simple-prompt, the irb prompt will be longer and include the line number. For example:

$ irb irb(main):001:0>

A simple irb session might look like this.

$ irb --simple-prompt >> 2+2 => 4 >> 5*5*5 => 125 >> exit

These examples show the user's input in bold. irb uses <tt>=></tt> to show you the return value of each line of code that you type in.

Cygwin users
If you use Cygwin's Bash shell on Microsoft Windows, but are running the native Windows version of Ruby instead of Cygwin's version of Ruby, read this section.

To run the native version of <tt>irb</tt> inside of Cygwin's Bash shell, run <tt>irb.bat</tt>.

By default, Cygwin's Bash shell runs inside of the Windows console, and the native Windows version of <tt>irb.bat</tt> should work fine. However, if you run a Cygwin shell inside of Cygwin's rxvt terminal emulator, then <tt>irb.bat</tt> will not run properly. You must either run your shell (and <tt>irb.bat</tt>) inside of the Windows console or install and run Cygwin's version of Ruby.

Understanding irb output
<tt>irb</tt> prints out the return value of each line that you enter. In contrast, an actual Ruby program only prints output when you call an output method such as.

For example:

$ irb --simple-prompt >> x=3 => 3 >> y=x*2 => 6 >> z=y/6 => 1 >> x => 3 >> exit

Helpfully,  not only does an assignment, but also returns the value assigned to , which <tt>irb</tt> then prints out. However, this equivalent Ruby program prints nothing out. The variables get set, but the values are never printed out.

x=3 y=x*2 z=y/6 x

If you want to print out the value of a variable in a Ruby program, use the  method.

x=3 puts x

title: Ruby Programming/Interactive Ruby