text:
Harry Gunning

Harry Emmet Gunning, (December 16, 1916 – November 24, 2002) was a Canadian scientist and administrator.

Born in Toronto, Ontario, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree, a Master of Arts degree, and a Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 1942 from the University of Toronto.

In 1957, he was appointed Professor and Chairman of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Alberta. From 1974 to 1979, he was the President as well.

In 1979, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada as a "scientist and educator, who has achieved an international reputation for chemical research".

Career
Gunning attended the University of Toronto, and there he earned three degrees in physical chemistry; a BA Honors, an MA, and a PhD. He finished his schooling in 1942, when he earned his PhD. Next, he did post-doctoral studies at Harvard. After that, Gunning returned to Canada and became a research chemist in Dr. Edgar Steacie's laboratory in Ottawa. He also did research for the National Research council at the time. In 1946, he became a professor at the University of Rochester and then at the Illinois Institute of Technology. In 1957, he returned to Canada again and became Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Alberta. He was very passionate about building up the department to much higher standards. In the next ten years, Gunning's work achieved the University's chemistry department international recognition and it became a rapidly evolving center for chemical studies. In 1973, a new wing was added to the Chemistry building to accommodate for the rapid growth of the department, under Gunning's supervision.

Achievements/awards
Gunning's focuses were on chemical kinetics and photochemistry. He did much research in these areas and published over 175 research papers on these areas of chemistry. He became president of the Chemical Institute of Canada in 1973 and remained there until 1974. He was active in provincial, municipal, and federal commissions and boards, one of them being the Alberta Oil Sands Technology and Research Authority. Gunning became President of the University of Alberta in 1974. He was a strong president, introducing many innovative policies in science and administration. He also supported and promoted the interaction between academics, industry, and government in Canada. He also was an important role-player in research and development of Alberta's vast oil and sand resources. Not only did he do that, but he helped in developing Chem-Biomed Ltd and established the Edmonton Research and Development Park. Gunning received many awards in recognition of his vast achievements in the field of science and academia. He received the Chemical Institute of Canada Medal in 1967 and the Province of Alberta Achievement Award in 1971 as well as 1979. He also achieved six honorary degrees in total, and in 1979, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada. On November 30, 2001, the University of Alberta's Chemistry Building was renamed the Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre in honour of Harry Gunning as well as Raymond Urgel Lemieux, who were considered the department's two most distinguished chemists.

title: Harry Gunning


text:
User:HAPPY TIWARE

 Shubham Tiwari

Shubham Tiwari was born in 02 July 1996.In JAUNPUR ,which is in UTTAR PRADESH.He has done lots of activity for SHIV SHEVA SHANSTHANAM in UTTAR PRADESH while pursuing Bachelor Degree.He served 4 Year inside temple "BABA JAGESHWAR NATH" under SWAMI AMBUJANANADA JI MAHARAJ.Under GURUJI he done activity like cleaning temple and specially focused on care about GOMTI rever like cleaning publishing advertistment releated to save GOMTI from various industries and preventions during NAVARATRI.

Early life He belongs In BRAHMIN family,his father was an farmer and mother was a Social Worker.His family relied only on farming for their daily activities to run small family having total 3 child.Shubham have 1 younger brother and a younger sister.

Career He works for various organisation, releated to MARKETING such as MARKET DEVELOPERS,BUSINESS GROWTH,BUSINESS ADVISERS. Currently he is a REGIONAL SALES MANAGER in various states ( like MUMBAI,DELHI,PUNE,GOA,BANGLORE AND KOLKATA). Now he working for an PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY ("MARICO") under "SETU".

Shubham started his career with Nutraceuticals a few years ago and has been a Nutraceutical Ninja since. He embarked upon his journey with Setu with a sole purpose of taking the brand to every retail counter in Mumbai. His dedication, perseverance and an unstoppable attitude makes him an indispensable asset for Setu. As a youngest member of the Setu family and the one with gift of the gab, he is adored by all. “I love the fact that the management involves every member down the chain while implementing any process. I have learned a lot in few months with Setu than I did earlier, simply because we are open to experiment and try on something bold.” says Shubham.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:HAPPY TIWARE


text:
palvata

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to cure to preserve meat by roasting it slowly

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to dry

title: palvata


text:
History of Quebec and Canada/Study Guide/Module 4: Early Stages of Parliamentary Government

Home | Module 1: | Module 2: | Module 3: | Module 4: | Module 5: | Module 6: | Module 7:

Module 4:  Early Stages of Parliamentary Government

Unit 1:  Society in Lower Canada (1791-1840) Topic 1: The Constitutional Act (1791) Topic 2: Economic Changes Topic 3: Social Changes

Unit 2:  Rebellions of 1837-1838 Topic 1: The Parti Canadien vs The British Party Topic 2: Stages in the Confrontation

Unit 3:  Union of the Two Canadas Topic 1: Lord Durham's Report Topic 2: Political Changes After 1840 Topic 3: Economic Changes After 1840


text:
Kebyar-Kebyar

"Kebyar-Kebyar" (also spelled "Gebyar-Gebyar") is a 1979 patriotic song by the singer Gombloh. In 2009 it was listed by Rolling Stone Indonesia as the second best Indonesian song of all time.

Themes and styles
"Kebyar-Kebyar" deals with heroism and patriotism, two themes common in Gombloh's early work. It also draws heavily on local tradition, reminiscent of Rick Wakeman's work with Yes.

The beat is melodious, with heavy pop influences. The lyrics are reminiscent of traditional syair and are aloof, leading the listener to consider Gombloh is making a statement that his nationalism is inherently a part of his creative process. It is written in time.

Release and reception
"Kebyar-Kebyar" was released on the album of the same name, issued by Golden Hand, in 1979. It continues to be used during Independence Day ceremonies in Indonesia, both official and unofficial ones, and on or around 17 August it is often played on the radio and television. The Indonesian pop singer Fariz RM writes that "Kebyar-Kebyar" is the only pop song which receives this treatment in the country.

In its December 2009 issue, Rolling Stone Indonesia listed "Kebyar-Kebyar" as the second best Indonesian song of all time. Denny MR, in the write-up, described the song as Gombloh's most monumental work, deriving its strength from its "melodic" beat, one which went against the common "heroic" beat used in other patriotic songs. Another of Gombloh's songs, "Berita Cuaca", was ranked 98th. Asrat Ginting, in his overview of Indonesian music, writes that whoever sings the song tends to perform full of emotion; Ginting suggests it may be nationalism, or may be the pride of being on stage.

title: Kebyar-Kebyar


text:
concretare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to concretize, to make concrete
 * 2)  to determine, to specify (an idea)
 * 3)  to put into practice, to execute, to implement, to realize
 * 4)  to conclude, to finish

title: concretare


text:
1989 Virginia Slims of Dallas

The 1989 Virginia Slims of Dallas was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Moody Coliseum in Dallas, Texas in the United States and was part of the Category 4 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the 19th edition of the tournament and ran from September 18 through September 24, 1989. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $50,000 first-prize money.

Singles
🇺🇸 Martina Navratilova defeated Monica Seles 7–6(7–2), 6–3
 * It was Navratilova's 7th singles title of the year and the 145th of her career.

Doubles
🇺🇸 Mary Joe Fernández / 🇺🇸 Betsy Nagelsen defeated 🇺🇸 Elise Burgin / Rosalyn Fairbank 7–6(7–5), 6–3

title: 1989 Virginia Slims of Dallas


text:
Pauesia grossa

Pauesia grossa is a species of parasitoid wasp in the subfamily Aphidiinae. It is specific to a particular host, the black stem aphid (Cinara confinis), which feeds on the sap of coniferous trees, particularly firs (Abies).

Pauesia grossa was first described by the Austrian entomologist Josef Fahringer in 1937. It is known from Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Switzerland and France. In 2014 it was first observed in the United Kingdom, being tentatively identified at the Bedgebury National Pinetum in Kent. With the increasing acreage of noble fir (Abies procera) being grown in Britain for use as Christmas trees, Cinara confinis is likely to become a more widespread pest, and the introduction of Pauesia grossa may prove important in controlling the aphid.

title: Pauesia grossa


text:
Talk:Deanna Nolan

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 08:10, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

There is no Russian-US dual citizenship
How can she be Russian born in Michigan? Dfoofnik (talk) 22:09, 15 June 2014 (UTC) This was obviously a ploy to sidestep the Russian rules. How she got a Russian passport is probably a loophole. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Dfoofnik (talk • contribs) 22:13, 15 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Deanna Nolan


text:
Mai Der Vang

Mai Der Vang is a Hmong American poet.

Life and education
Vang was born in Fresno, California. Vang's parents resettled in the United States in 1981 as Hmong refugees fleeing Laos.

She graduated from University of California, Berkeley with a degree in English, and from Columbia University with an MFA in Creative Writing-Poetry.

Her book, Afterland, won the 2016 Walt Whitman Award selected by Carolyn Forche. Afterland was longlisted for the National Book Award for Poetry in 2017, as well as a finalist for the 2018 Kate Tufts Discovery Award.

Vang is a "finalist for the 2022 Pulitzer Prize in Poetry."

Works

 * Afterland: poems Minneapolis, Minnesota: Graywolf Press, 2017. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>702,    *
 * Yellow Rain: Poems

Awards and honors

 * Walt Whitman Award, 2016.
 * National Book Award Finalist, 2017.
 * Lannan Literary Fellowship, 2017.
 * Kate Tufts Discovery Award finalist for Afterland (2018).

title: Mai Der Vang


text:
Tenzing Communications

Tenzing Communications of Seattle was founded in 1999 by David Coe a small group of private investors and Simon "Symonty" Gresham. Initial funding the key software developed by Symonty. Further development funding was raised from private equity sources and in 2001 Airbus, Cathay Pacific and Rockwell Collins became shareholders. The firm had intended to launch in-flight data services, including text messaging, instant messaging, and email using broadband satellite receivers using Inmarsat's fourth-generation satellite system. However, the satellites were not launched until March 2005 (I4 F1), November 2005 (I4 F2) and planned April 2008 for the final Pacific Ocean Region, I4 F3.

The first installation and email transmission was on an Air Canada 767 on August 26, 2000.

In 2001, after the September 11 attacks in New York, the FAA would not allow travelers to carry bags or laptops in the passenger cabin, this derailed the company and it followed up by laying off 90% of its workforce.

In the interim, Tenzing deployed a very-low-bandwidth system in partnership with Verizon AirFone's radiotelephone network. This system was in commercial operation on United Airlines and a few other U.S. carriers for more than a year before being discontinued.

In 2004, Tenzing merged its operations into a new company, OnAir, formed with SITA and Airbus. OnAir originally intended to introduce broadband and in-flight cell services in 2005, but further delays in Inmarsat's satellite launches and other factors put inflight trials back until early 2008 and first announced customer launch on Kingfisher Airlines mid-2009.

title: Tenzing Communications


text:
Pocket Rockers

Pocket Rockers was a brand of personal stereo produced by Fisher-Price in the late 1980s, aimed at elementary school-age children. They played a proprietary variety of miniature cassette (appearing to be a smaller version of the 8-track tape) which was released only by Fisher-Price themselves. Designed to be as much of a fashion accessory as a music player, the devices were enough of a youth craze to even be banned in some schools for a brief period.

Housed in a variety of stylish, translucent colors, each tape had two songs in mono which could be clipped to clothing to showcase one's musical taste. Tapes were available from several pop stars, including Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, Tiffany, or Debbie Gibson and even rock stars like Bon Jovi or The Bangles. The commercials featured an original theme song which was a parody of "Down on the Corner" by Creedence Clearwater Revival.

In addition to standard blue on black and pink on black color schemes, 3 variations of Pocket Rockers were released utilizing Memphis Milano (a popular and contemporary design style at the time). A collectors set was released featuring one such design, and a deluxe system was also released which included speakers and a display stand with an amplifier. Other official Pocket Rockers branded accessories included bracelets, a bandana, a multitude of tape storage options (cases, frames, and clips), mini tape clip-ons, a carrying case, a purse, and headphones.

Following a sharp decline in sales, the Pocket Rockers line was discontinued in 1991 until ultimately being removed from Fisher-Price's toy catalog in 1992. Today, the player and cassettes are sought after by collectors for their unique novelty and design.

Recording technology
Inside the Pocket Rockers cartridge, the same 3.81 mm (0.150 Inch) tape like in the Compact Cassette is used, running at same tape speed of $1 7/8$ Inch per second. The upper two tracks contain one mono recording each, and the player has a switch that lets the listener change between the two available tracks. A small knob on the front controls the volume, and a headphone jack is on the side as well as a slider to eject the tape.

Winding the tape into a Compact Cassette, the recording is playing backwards. The lower two tracks were not used. The tape head is bottom top mounted Compact Cassette player head. The small endless tape cartridge based on a technology invented by Bernard Cousino is operated by a belt-driven capstan. Unlike standard cassettes, the pinch roller is part of the cassette rather than the player.

List of featured artists and songs
† denotes recording not by original artist.

 * Bananarama
 * "I Heard a Rumour"

 * The Bangles†
 * "Walk Like an Egyptian" / "Manic Monday"

 * The Beach Boys
 * "Surfin' Safari" / "Surfin' U.S.A."

 * Beastie Boys
 * "(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)"

 * Chuck Berry
 * "Johnny B. Goode" / "Rock and Roll Music"

 * Bon Jovi
 * "Livin' on a Prayer" / "Runaway"
 * "Wanted Dead or Alive" / "You Give Love a Bad Name"

 * Boston
 * "Amanda" / "Can'tcha Say/Still In Love""

 * Breakfast Club
 * "Right on Track" / "Kiss and Tell"

 * Belinda Carlisle
 * "Heaven Is a Place on Earth" / "I Get Weak"

 * The Champs†
 * "Tequila"

 * Phil Collins
 * "Sussudio" / "Don't Lose My Number"

 * Cutting Crew
 * "(I Just) Died in Your Arms" / "I've Been in Love Before"

 * Danny & the Juniors
 * "At the Hop" / "Rock 'n' Roll Is Here To Stay"

 * Taylor Dayne
 * "Prove Your Love" / "Tell It to My Heart"

 * Exposé
 * "Let Me Be the One" / "Seasons Change"

 * The Fat Boys
 * "Wipe Out" / "Rock Ruling"

 * Genesis
 * "The Last Domino" / "Invisible Touch"

 * Debbie Gibson
 * "Shake Your Love" / "Only in My Dreams"

 * Bill Haley & His Comets
 * "Rock Around the Clock" / "Shake, Rattle and Roll"

 * Jan Hammer + Glenn Frey
 * "Miami Vice Theme" / "The Heat Is On"

 * Whitney Houston
 * "How Will I Know" / "The Greatest Love of All"
 * "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)" / "So Emotional"

 * Michael Jackson
 * "Bad" / "Beat It"
 * "Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'" / "Another Part of Me"

 * The Jets
 * "Cross My Broken Heart" / "You Got It All"
 * "Make It Real" / "I Do You"

 * LeVert
 * "Casanova" / "My Forever Love"

 * Huey Lewis and the News
 * "Doing It All for My Baby" / "The Power of Love"
 * "Hip to Be Square" / "The Heart of Rock & Roll"

 * Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam†
 * "Head to Toe" / "Lost in Emotion"

 * Kenny Loggins†
 * "Footloose" / "Danger Zone"

 * Los Lobos†
 * "La Bamba" / "Tequila"

 * Madonna†
 * "Who's That Girl?" / "Material Girl"

 * Mike + The Mechanics
 * "All I Need Is a Miracle" / " You Are the One"

 * Ray Parker Jr. + The Monkees
 * "Ghostbusters" / "(Theme From) The Monkees"

 * Tom Petty
 * "Don't Come Around Here No More" / :"So You Want to Be a Rock 'n' Roll Star"

 * Pretty Poison
 * "Catch Me (I'm Falling)" / "Nighttime"

 * David Lee Roth
 * "California Girls"

 * Bruce Springsteen
 * "Born in the U.S.A."/"Pink Cadillac"

 * Tears for Fears
 * "Shout" / "Everybody Wants to Rule the World"

 * Tiffany
 * "All This Time" / "Radio Romance"
 * "I Saw Him Standing There" / "Feelings of Forever"
 * "I Think We're Alone Now" / "Could've Been"

 * T'Pau
 * "Heart and Soul" / "China in Your Hand"

 * Wham!
 * "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go"

 * Kim Wilde
 * "You Keep Me Hangin' On" / "Say You Really Want Me"

title: Pocket Rockers


text:
Wikiversity talk:Help with the migration of Wikiversity pages from Wikibooks

Namespace
Shouldn't this page be moved to the project namespace? robchurch | talk 22:19, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

Merge?
Should the "#To Do" section of this page be merged into the Import? -- Matteo 22:43, 7 September 2006 (UTC)
 * No, all of the entries in the "To Do" section have been imported already, and are awaiting cleanup. Of course, new requests should always go to Import.--  digital  _  me   22:45, 7 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Makes sence. I am having trouble sorting out, in my mind, the tasks at hand with all the pages that have all ready been imported. I must use more brain power :) -- Matteo 23:03, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

Import pages for lessons
The purpose of importing pages is to quickly create lessons in Wikiversity with the minimum of effort. However, you should only import pages that you will be turning into lessons or incorporating in lessons. Otherwise, the pages from WikiBooks should remain in the format which they were designed for. Robert Elliott 22:58, 7 October 2006 (UTC)


text:
User:Abhi kaushik92/Books/Europe

 * Europe
 * Eurozone
 * European debt crisis
 * Euro
 * European Union
 * The Renaissance

title: User:Abhi kaushik92/Books/Europe


text:
tercer

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1)  third

Noun

 * 1) mediator
 * 2)  tierce; unit of liquid measure

Etymology
, alternative form of.

Verb

 * 1)  to plough a third time

Etymology
See.

Usage notes

 * The form is only used before and within the noun phrase of a modified masculine singular noun. In other positions, the standard form  is used instead.

title: tercer


text:
Saltley

Saltley is an inner-city area of Birmingham, England, east of the city centre. The area is part of the Washwood Heath ward, and was previously part of the Nechells ward. It is part of the Ladywood constituency in the city.

History
Saltley was originally an unverified parish within the estate of the Adderley family and their descendants, who had built their original residence Saltley Hall on the site of what is now Adderley Park. As water became a key resource, the family moved their residence to Hams Hall for better access to the River Tame. When the English Civil War occurred, the Adderleys like most gentry chose to support the Royalist cause, and paid heavy fines afterwards for being on the losing side.

In 1845 railway carriage makers Joseph Wright and Sons relocated from London to a factory built on meadowlands in Saltley; the company eventually became Metro-Cammell, who remained in Saltley until 1962.

As Birmingham developed as an industrial location, Saltley became an overspill area for workers, although still owned by the Adderley family. Charles Bowyer Adderley (later 1st Baron Norton) in 1855 donated land for the development of Adderley Park, as well as churches. It was Lord Norton who oversaw the then modern layout of the square-set streets and well spaced houses of the late 19th century, later seen as slum development post World War II.

St Peter's College was both a teacher training college and school, which was developed from 1852. The school closed in 1941 post destruction by a Luftwaffe bomb, while the college closed in 1978 to become part of Aston University. The building today encompasses houses, meeting rooms and council facilities.

Present day
Saltley is a largely business area with a high level of outlets in a densely populated area. Saltley begins at the Saltley Viaduct, marked with the Saltley Gate, a local landmark, at the entrance to Alum Rock Road and Washwood Heath Road. There are many older houses from around the turn of the 20th century still in existence around Saltley. During the 1950s and 1960s, many of these houses were bought by immigrants from the Commonwealth of Nations (mostly from Pakistan and Bangladesh) who have formed a strong ethnic community over the last half a century.

The neighbourhood is home to mainly terraced properties and some new housing projects, trade and Christian and Muslim places of worship. Situated in the area are a number of primary schools and St. Peter's College. (St Peters College is no longer used as a college but the site is used for sheltered housing, small business offices, such as CSV Environment, and a small playing field). Recreation includes the Wheel's Adventure Park and smaller domestic parks. The area was host to an annual parade, known as the Saltley Festival.

The future of Wheel's Adventure Park is under threat as a result of a proposed major redevelopment to construct a sports village and City of Birmingham Stadium. The proposal for the City of Birmingham Stadium has fallen through.

Places of interest
Adderley Street was the site of the 1890 discovery of the Saltley Handaxe, the first paleolithic human artefact to be found in the English Midlands.

Saltley Gate Coke Depot was the site of the Battle of Saltley Gate, one of the largest mass pickets during the 1970s. On Thursday 10 February 1972 30,000 Birmingham engineers walked out on strike. They struck to deliver solidarity to striking miners. Up to 15,000 then marched to join 2,000 miners who were picketing Saltley Coke Depot. The blockade forced the police, who had kept the depot open all week, to close the gates. The victory at Saltley was the turning point in the miners' strike. Militant picketing involving tens of thousands of miners had shut down power stations, docks and coke and coal depots. Power cuts forced the Tory government to call a state of emergency. After seven weeks the government was defeated.

Transport
Saltley is served by Adderley Park railway station on the Birmingham New street to Coventry railway line and just half a mile up the road in Duddeston the Duddeston Station on the cross city line. Bus routes into the area include the 8A/8C, 14, 55 and 94.

Saltley was served by Saltley railway station between 1854 and 1968.

title: Saltley


text:
Talk:David Gauthier

1977 letter about homosexuals teaching in schools
I'm not sure it makes sense to end the article by mentioning the fact that in 1977, Gauthier wrote a letter to a newspaper arguing that homosexuals should not be allowed to teach in schools. Such views were quite common back in 1977. Is there any evidence that he still adheres to such views, and is there any evidence that he has been involved in opposing gay rights beyond the publication of a single letter that he wrote almost forty years ago? If the answer to both questions is no, I recommend that the sentence in question be deleted. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:20, 11 October 2015 (UTC)
 * The material in question is better cited than most material in the article. Why single it out for attention? You might as well ask whether there is any evidence that Gauthier still adheres to any of his other views as described in the article. FreeKnowledgeCreator (talk) 20:45, 11 October 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Gauthier


text:
User:Juxlos/Human hair trade

https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-UMlAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA920

https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/08/15/nigerias-demand-for-fancy-wigs-fuels-a-global-trade

https://theaseanpost.com/article/human-hair-trade-asean

https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JykoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA312

https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/oct/28/hair-extension-global-trade-secrets

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/secret-history-buying-and-selling-hair-180961080/

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-human-hair-trade-idUSTRE7723U520110803

title: User:Juxlos/Human hair trade


text:
Python Concepts/Introduction and Setup

Objectives

 * Install Python on your computer.
 * Learn how to run Python from the command line.
 * Learn how to make and run a Python script.
 * (Optional): Learn how to use IDLE.

Python 3 vs Python 2
There are two major versions of Python, Python 3 (newer) and Python 2 (older). You should consider them as separate languages, because code from Python 2 cannot be used in Python 3, and vise versa. This course teaches Python 3 only. In 2020, Python 2 reached end-of-life and support has stopped completely, so there is no point in learning it. It is important to make sure you are installing and using Python 3 instead. However, Python 2 sometimes comes preinstalled on certain operating systems. Installation instructions below will take this into account and guide you through using the correct version of Python. If you end up having both versions installed on your computer, you will need to use the  command anywhere the course tells you to use the   command (as   would run Python 2 in that case).

Installing Python
Before you can enter into the magical world of Python, you'll need to have Python installed on your computer. It may be possible, depending on your operating system, that Python is already installed on your computer. The instructions below will help you determine whether this is the case. Please select the installation instructions for your operating system, then return to this lesson once you have installed Python:

 * Windows Installation
 * MacOS Installation
 * Linux Installation

Online Interpreter
Downloading and installing Python onto your computer is the recommended way to run your code. However, if you feel concerned about downloading Python onto your computer or you just can't do that, then you can use a website to develop and run your code. An excellent free website to use is https://www.online-python.com/, which will let you follow along with most of this course without installing Python. However, this approach will eventually hinder you from learning the more advanced Python topics later on in the resource. Installation will eventually be required.

The Interactive Shell
The shell, terminal, command prompt, command line, or whatever you like to personally call it, is one of the mediums of communication between you and the Python interpreter. Through out much of this resource, you'll see examples of Python code being used in a shell. Essentially, the shell lets you type out Python code and run it directly, without creating a file first.

Before we go ahead, open interactive python in your operating system's shell. Simply open a new shell (command prompt, terminal, etc.) and type  into it. (Remember, if you're using a machine that had Python 2 preinstalled on it, you'll need to specifically type  instead.) Congratulations, you now have a working Python interpreter. This is what the shell may look like when you run interactive Python on your computer:

Python 3.10.5 (tags/v3.10.5:f377153, Jun 6 2022, 16:14:13) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>>

You may not get the first couple of lines exactly as shown above, since everyone has different versions, computers, and builds. As you've probably guessed, the interpreter tells us the Python version, date of build, the compiler used to build it, the computer's architecture, and the operating system. This information is important for debugging and is useful for checking Python's version. The most important thing that you'll need to know are those three greater-than signs. They symbolize a prompt that asks you for some input. Since this prompt is shown in examples, you'll need to remember that the prompt isn't some special keyword or thing you'd need to type on a daily bias. Here's an example with the prompt displayed only.

Try typing the following into your prompt. (Don't type the . That part is already there.)

As you can see, a newline without the prompt is output. In this case, the  function printed the text to the screen. (You just wrote your first line of Python code!) Another important thing to know is that the prompt changes to three periods if you enter a command with indentations (the Python interpreter is expecting more input). Overall, you'll need to be careful not to mistake the prompt for actual Python code. You will learn when to use indentations later in this course, but for now, you don't need to worry about them.

To exit the interactive shell, type:

Python Script
You will eventually find it tedious to retype programs into your shell. Like other interpreted programming languages, you can store and execute Python code from a file. There are two main types of Python files, script files and bytecode files. Script files are simple plain text files that you can create and edit with just a simple plain text editor. The other type of file, bytecode files, are compiled CPython files. These files are not meant to be edited. Don't worry about this type of file; it will be discussed later on in this course.

A Python script file name ends with the extension  and will be executable when you execute the script by itself on most operating systems. Create a file called  and write the following into it:

Now that you have created your script, it's time to run it. In your shell (command prompt, terminal, etc.) change directory to the folder where your  file is. (If you do not know how to use the cd command to do that, refer to this article.) Then, once your shell is in the folder with the script, type in. (Again, if you're using a machine that had Python 2 preinstalled on it, you'll need to type .)

You'll notice that the  command did not open the interactive shell this time around, but instead executed the contents of. The script should print  and , then it should let you type until you press the enter key. Congratulations, you got your first Python script to work.

IDLE

IDLE, or Integrated Development and Learning Environment, is the default IDE that comes bundled when you install CPython. IDLE is an alternative way to write and run Python scripts in the same program, rather than using a text editor and a shell separately. IDLE is merely a convenience and not required for this course -- if you prefer editing and running scripts like you did with, you can skip this section.

On Windows, IDLE can be accessed by right clicking the Python script and then by clicking on Edit with IDLE. On all operating systems, the program can be found in the start menu (or the Launchpad for Mac). When you run IDLE, you will notice Python's interactive shell. You can open or create a  file in the menu, and run the script directly from within the program by pressing F5 or selecting "Run" from the menu.

When working with IDLE, you'll notice a couple things. First, you'll notice that your code is colored. By default, strings are green, comment red, built-in functions purple, etc. This allows you to see certain parts of your code. This gives you an advantage over mono-colored text. Secondly, you'll notice that IDLE will make automatic indentations when your text is indented. IDLE will also convert presses of the tab key to four spaces.

Although the default settings are great, not all people will like them. Therefore, IDLE is extremely customizable and can be changed as needed. For example, this gives a color-blind person the ability to change the colored text to something more friendly. You can change IDLE's default settings under  in the menu bar.

Assignments

 * Try out the Python Interpreter. Get the general feeling of using it.
 * Create a Python script. Then, try and run it, errors or not.
 * (Optional): Open up IDLE and play around with it. Use and customize it at your own will.

 * Previous Lesson: Why Learn Python
 * Next Lesson: To Get You Started
 * Course Home Page

title: Python Concepts/Introduction and Setup


text:
טבח

Alternative forms

 * Syriac:

Verb

 * 1) to slaughter an animal to be prepared for a meal

Verb

 * 1) to slaughter an animal to be prepared for a meal

Etymology
Cognate to 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to slaughter
 * 2) to massacre
 * 3) to butcher

Noun

 * 1) butcher (person who prepares meat for a living)
 * 2) cook, chef

Noun

 * 1) massacre

title: טבח


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Calidris alba - Laem Phak Bia.jpg

Sanderling
Voting period ends on 20 Jul 2012 at 06:51:40 (UTC)
 * Reason:High Quality, Nice Framing, Encyclopedic, composition and quality and Good EV.
 * Articles in which this image appears: Sanderling
 * FP category for this image:Featured pictures/Animals/Birds
 * Creator:JJ Harrison

 * Support as nominator --al (talk) 06:51, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Support. One of the interesting cases where the photo would be just below our minimum specs, but one that I would be willing to support in spite of that. Per-pixel sharpness is excellent. JJ, can you advise if this is downsampled at all? If so, maybe you just need to upload at original res instead. Ðiliff    «»  (Talk)  08:14, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I decided to reprocess this a bit better - it was decidedly a little rushed - I had about 100gb to go through at the time. All the resolution I had is there now too. JJ Harrison (talk) 11:03, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Per pixel sharpness is still excellent. I want your lens. Don't want to carry it though. :-) Ðiliff    «»  (Talk)  14:50, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Support JJ Harrison (talk) 11:03, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Support. J Milburn (talk) 13:37, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Support Per nom. Only minor gripe (and it is very minor) is I wish the background around the head was cleaner (as opposed to the OOF rock) --Fir0002 03:37, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Yeah, same. I didn't have so much flexibility though, as I was on a boat. JJ Harrison (talk) 09:00, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Support agree with Fir0002 but this is very good overall. Pine✉ 06:49, 13 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Support Very good and nicely framed. Colin°Talk 11:56, 13 July 2012 (UTC)

--Makeemlighter (talk) 19:07, 20 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
The Crust

The Crust is a British television series about a pizza parlour which was originally shown by CBBC. It was produced by Darrall Macqueen. In 2014, the show was broadcast again on the Australian children entertainment network ABC3.

title: The Crust


text:
Category:Religious studies

Religious Studies is an academic field devoted to research into religious beliefs, behaviors, and institutions. It describes, compares, interprets, and explains religion, emphasizing systematic, historically based, and cross-cultural perspectives.

While Theology attempts to understand the transcendent or supernatural according to traditional religious accounts, religious studies takes a more scientific and objective approach independent of any particular religious viewpoint. Religious Studies thus draws upon multiple academic disciplines and methodologies including anthropology, sociology, psychology, philosophy, and history of religion.

title: Category:Religious studies


text:
User:Arbush0201/sandbox

Tent is the most famous league player.

TENThousands of fans spamming his name whenever he's playing.

He only recently became famous via his amasing taltent as a streamer, gragas player, and as a wolf hunter, only dying 2 times to wolfs this week!

title: User:Arbush0201/sandbox


text:
XML - Managing Data Exchange/SMIL/Answers

 * 1) Create a simple SMIL file which displays the words, 'Hello World'. Confirm that the file works in a SMIL-conformant player.
 * 2) Author a SMIL file which displays 'Hello World' for 3 seconds, then displays 'Goodbye World' for 1 second. Confirm that the file works in a SMIL-conformant player.

Answer
1. Submitted by Anne Rayborn Howard

File Exercise1.smil

File Exercise1.rt

2. Submitted by Anne Rayborn Howard File Exercise2.smil

File Exercise2.rt

3. Submitted by (your name here) If you have MS Powerpoint, you can use the Smil Generator for Powerpoint presentations to convert your powerpoint.

4. Submitted by (Your Name Here!)


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Ace Books

Ace Books
Self-nomination. I've managed to get this to GA status, and have gone through the FA criteria to identify what can be improved. I look forward to improving the article through this review; whether or not it gets to FA -- though I will certainly be doing my best to make it to FA. Thanks in advance to the reviewers. Mike Christie 04:14, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Support. I've done some correcting of typos and other small things, and slightly modified the first sentence, which seemed unclear. This is an impressively detailed, well-researched article. Sam Clark 13:58, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Support. Outriggr 04:25, 16 August 2006 (UTC) Comments. Looks promising! Without regarding to voting, I wanted to suggest a couple of areas that might need clarification:
 * "the oldest publisher of science fiction and fantasy novels still active" - still active where - in the world? Regardless of answer, could this be referenced?
 * "Further mergers and acquisitions ultimately resulted in Ace becoming a part of Berkley Books, and Ace is now a paperback imprint of Penguin Group (USA)." - I don't know the current status from this sentence. It says "ultimately", which implies there have been no further developments since Berkley; but then it says it is a now with Penguin.
 * "The editorial team at Ace is the same team that edits the Roc imprint, although the two [imprints] maintain a separate identity." suggest the addition of "imprints" because the sentence reads that one team maintains two identities.
 * for general readership, suggest expanding "SF" to "science fiction" throughout
 * disambiguate dos-a-dos link(s)

I am willing to go through the whole article if you'd like a dose of my armchair copyediting. Outriggr 04:29, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, please; that would be very helpful. With regard to the first point you raise, I think the intent (the sentence predates my involvement) is to indicate that it is *now* a specialist sf publisher, and no current specialist sf publisher has been around as long as Ace. One could certainly find sf works that predate 1952 which were published by publishers that still exist, so in that sense the sentence is incorrect.  Referencing the intended meaning would be a bit difficult, though I might find the claim asserted in a reference work (and will look).  Short of that the claim may have to be removed; in the meantime please copyedit as you see fit.  Thanks. Mike Christie 04:39, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * One additional comment -- with regard to the sf vs. science fiction question, I agree that a general readership must have the abbreviation explained. I'm concerned that it will seem clunky to repeat "science fiction" at every turn, though; perhaps we could establish the use of the abbreviation early in the article?  If we do use it, I have been preferring "sf" to "SF", except in captions/titles; that's the style used in e.g. the Nicholls/Clute "Encyclopaedia of Science Fiction", the most prominent reference work in the field. Mike Christie 04:43, 12 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Hi Mike, I have finished my edits to the article. Please review and ensure I haven't changed any meanings or such. I moved a couple of sections around and moved two main headings out of main-heading status. Comments: I take it that collecting is an important aspect of Ace Books; if so I think the article should discuss that aspect more. I didn't know what this sentence meant: "Carr became a freelance editor; both Carr and Wollheim went on to edit separate Year's Best volumes." - best volumes of what, and with what company? Also, "Genres in the 1950s and 1960s" doesn't have any inline references. That might bother someone... Outriggr 13:55, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I've made a few wording changes; take a look and see what you think. Specific points you raise:
 * Collecting: yes, collectors like the covers, and the doubles format. The titles section is really there only because of the collectors; I doubt it could be justified without that.  I've added a little about specialist references -- is more needed?
 * Year's Best -- this is a reference to the earlier mention of Carr and Wollheim editing a "Year's Best SF" anthology. There have been quite a few of these series in the sf field, and Carr's and Wollheim's versions were quite notable and influential.  Wollheim's were (unsurprisingly) published by his own company, DAW; Carr's were published by Ballantine.  Do we actually need to mention this at all, now I come to think of it?  That sentence predates my involvement in editing the article, and I guess I've never thought about whether it was needed.
 * Genres in the 50s etc. The data that makes this verifiable is all in the titles listings, which are linked later in the article.  Those are in turn verifiable since each book provides the verification of the dates and genre.  What's an appropriate way to cite that?  I could use a tag to point to those articles, but on the face of it that would contravene the reliable sources dictum that Wikipedia is not a citable source.  What do you think the best way is to do this?
 * -- Mike Christie 17:06, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Works for me. 1) If there is a collecting community it might be interesting to know what makes a book valuable, etc. Fairly minor. 2) Neutral on that. 3) I agree with your point. Perhaps you can leave it be - "dominant sf publisher" maybe could use a ref. Outriggr 21:52, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Done; take a look. Should the prices be up in the text instead of down in the footnotes?  2) I'll leave it as is.  3) Added a ref.  Thanks.  Mike Christie (talk) 01:32, 15 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Some other thoughts for you... I feel the lead could use one more summary paragraph. It goes from an intro about the company, to the death of Wyn and Ace's declining status. A middle paragraph could be a summary of the company's glory days, with the first paragraph being introductory, maybe even reiterating the historical interest in Ace today. Also, a "criticism" section seems to be a requirement for today's FA's (unless they're about Pokemon, perhaps). Is there any interesting stuff you could add about criticism of the company at any point in its history, due to its being a "pulp" fiction publisher or such? I would definitely support after those additions (not that I won't support it now). I expect you will encounter some opposition due to the "listiness" of the last sections of the article. Anything you could do to reduce the point-form style would probably help with other supporters. Outriggr 03:12, 15 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I've rewritten and slightly expanded the lead; take a look and fix as you think fit. I am having a hard time coming up with a criticism section, though.  Any such criticism of it as a publishing house would have to be of the form "authors X and Y claim they were cheated by Ace", and I don't know of material like that, though no doubt there is some.  I do have that anecdote of Wollheim's about the Ace author who had to pick fruit for a living because Ace didn't pay him, but I don't see how to make a section of it.  As for the listiness, I think the best candidate to eliminate as a list would be the serial number section, which could be made into a table, perhaps.  Would that be an improvement, though?  I don't see what to do about the other lists -- they seem inherently listy to me.  Any suggestions on that?  Thanks again. Mike Christie (talk) 00:47, 16 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you for responding to my feedback - I have added my support above! Outriggr 04:25, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Comment. It's OK, but the prose could do with a massage.
 * First sentence: "and began as a genre publisher, starting with mysteries and westerns." Why not: "and began as a genre publisher of mysteries and westerns."
 * The word "Ace" occurs 13 times in a shortish lead. Can you find synonyms to break down this repetition?
 * Consider stating the country of origin in the lead.
 * "various Ace Science Fiction Specials series"—"various" is redundant. So is "in business" here: "was one of the leading sf paperback publishers for its first ten years in business."

Further treatment required in the body of the article. Tony 06:38, 20 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the comments; I've edited the lead -- take another look.  I cut six "Ace"s from the lead.  I couldn't find a tidy way to say "US company", so I said the company was founded "in New York"; is this good enough?  I agree re "in business", but I'm not convinced about "various Ace Science Fiction Specials series" -- if I take out "various" it will sound as if there was only one series, and that's not the case.  Given that, do you still think this is redundant?
 * I'll take another pass through the rest of the text and try to tighten it up some more along these lines. Any other specific comments would be very helpful.  Thanks.  Mike Christie (talk) 17:41, 20 August 2006 (UTC)

Support: Great job on the article. I especially found the Tolkien controversy very interesting, since I own the Ballantine edition, and wondered what he meant by that. One thing though, about a sentence in the lead: "These (books) have proved attractive to collectors, and some rare titles now command prices of up to $1,000." Should you cite that? --Dark Kubrick 19:31, 24 August 2006 (UTC)
 * It's cited down below in the main body; I could add the cite, but I think the preferred style is to avoid refs in the lead if they are reffed later. As for the Ballantine edition, do you mean you have the authorized version from the 1960s?  I'd like to put in a ref for the "message from Tolkien urging consumers to buy the authorized edition" -- this was recently added by another editor and it would be great to cite the actual Ballantine edition as the footnote.  Thanks.  Mike Christie (talk) 19:45, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

As a matter of fact, I do own it. What information do you need? --Dark Kubrick 21:26, 24 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Would you add a reference tag to the statement about the message from Tolkien, using the Ballantine edition as the referenced source? That statement is currently unsourced.  Thanks!  Mike Christie (talk) 01:28, 25 August 2006 (UTC)

I'm not completely sure about how to cite the book, so just edit the reference as you see fit. The First Ballantine Book Edition was published in October 1965, and the comment the article is talking about is in the foreword, on page 12. Hope that helps. --Dark Kubrick 19:41, 25 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks -- that's great. I've put it into cite book format; I appreciate the help. Mike Christie (talk) 02:52, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Support Sumoeagle179 23:19, 4 September 2006 (UTC)


text:
Anasuya

Anasuya (अनसूया) is an ascetic, and the wife of Sage Atri in Hinduism. She is the daughter of Devahuti and the Prajapati Kardama in Hindu texts. In the Ramayana, she lives with her husband in a small hermitage on the southern border of the Chitrakuta forest. A pious woman who leads an austere life, she is described as having miraculous powers.

Anasuya is the sister of the sage Kapila, who also served as her teacher. She is extolled as Sati Anasuya (Ascetic Anasuya) and Mata Anasuya (Mother Anasuya), the chaste wife of Sage Atri. She becomes the mother of Dattatreya, the sage-avatar of Vishnu, Chandra, a form of Brahma, and Durvasa, the irascible sage avatar of Shiva. When Sita and Rama visit her during their exile, Anasuya is very attentive to them, giving the former an unguent that would maintain her beauty forever.

Etymology
Anasuya is composed of two Sanskrit words: ana and asūya, translating to the 'one who is free from jealousy or envy'.

Origin
The genealogy of Anasuya and her family is mentioned in the third book of the Bhagavata Purana. The Prajapati Kardama marries Devahuti, the daughter of the Svayambhu Manu. They are described to have ten children, a son named Kapila, and nine daughters, including Anasuya. Each daughter is married to a rishi; Anasuya is married to Atri.

Restoring the sunrise
According to a legend from the Markandeya Purana, a Brahmin named Kaushika from Pratishthana used to visit a prostitute, despite being a Brahmin, and having a devoted wife, named Shandili, or Shilavati, in some versions. When he is unable to pay her for her services, the prostitute stopped seeing him, forcing him to return to his wife, who still cared for him. He still longed for the affection of the prostitute, so one day, he asked his wife to take him to her.

The sage Mandavya had been impaled in lieu of a crime and was lying on a spike in the forest, still alive due to his yogic powers. While being led by his wife through the deep forest at night, Kaushika, mistaking the sage for a thief, pushes him. Furious, Mandavya curses him to die before the next sunrise. To stop this curse from fruition, Shandili appeals to the solar deity, Surya, to not rise the next dawn. Surya acquiesces to the appeal of Shandili, as she is an extremely chaste and devoted woman. This leads to chaos in the universe, the deities not receiving their oblations, rainfall not occurring, grain not being cultivated, and people not performing their customary Vedic rituals. The deities go to Brahma, who suggests that they propitiate Anasuya, who was in the process of performing a great tapas with her husband.

Accordingly, the divinities go to Anasuya, and the kind-hearted woman agrees to help them. Anasuya meets Shandili, and the two women engage in a conversation. The rishi's wife explains to Shandili that the entire universe was in peril because of her appeal to Surya, and discuss the necessity of a woman's devotion to her husband. Anasuya promises the woman that Kaushika would be free of his curse, as well as the leprosy he had contracted. Shandili directs the sun to rise again, and hence, Anasuya helps in the restoration of the sunrise. The deities, pleased by her actions, offer her a boon. Anasuya desires that the Trimurti (The supreme trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva) be born to her, and that her husband and she be freed of the cycle of samsara. This boon is granted when Anasuya is mentally impregnated by Atri, and Chandra (Brahma), Dattatreya (Vishnu), and Durvasa (Shiva) are born to her as her sons.

Some legends state that later, when Rahu swallowed the sun, the whole world was cloaked in darkness. With powers granted by many years of austerity, Atri wrested the sun out of Rahu's hands, restoring light to the world, and pleasing the deities.

Meeting the Trimurti
In a legend that is not featured in the primary Puranas, once, an argument ensued among the Tridevi (The trinity of Saraswati, Lakshmi, and Parvati, the consorts of the Trimurti) regarding whom among them was the most virtuous of women. The sage divinity, Narada, appeared before them, and was chosen to judge the matter. Narada opined that Anasuya was the most virtuous of women. He slyly told the Tridevi that Anasuya's chastity was such that she could bake beans made of iron. The three goddesses attempted to perform the task, but failed, uniting them in their envy towards Anasuya. The goddesses demanded that their husbands, the Trimurti, visit Atri's hermitage, and test Anasuya's virtue for themselves.

Unable to persuade their wives from this course of action, Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva assumed the guise of young sages, and visited Anasuya while Atri was bathing in a river. Invoking their rights of guests, the Trimurti claimed that due to a special fast they were undertaking, Anasuya would have to serve them food in the nude. Knowing that being seen naked by men other than her husband would cause her to lose her virtue, Anasuya sprinkled some water over her guests, turning them into infants. She then proceeded to disrobe, and served them food by breastfeeding them, hence both fulfilling their wishes, and still preserving her virtue. In some versions, she placed them in a cradle after lovingly nursing them as her own children. Informed by Narada of their consorts' plight, the chastened Tridevi descended upon Atri's hermitage, and requested Anasuya to restore their husbands to their true forms. The rishi's wife complied. The Trimurti, pleased that she had outwitted them, and that their wives had been humbled, offered Anasuya a boon. She asked that they be born as her children.

Variations of this legend present the rishi's wife also requesting the birth of a daughter named Shubhatreyi, and another where the Trimurti merge and turn into Anasuya's three-headed son, Dattatreya.

Counsel to Sita
In the Ramayana, during their exile in the forest, Rama and Sita visit the hermitage of the sage Atri, and the sage and his wife, Anasuya, treat their guests with honour. Atri tells Rama about the tapas shakti (power acquired from austerities) of his wife: Once, the world was bereft of rains, and the river Ganga had dried up, leading to the planet being plunged into a famine. Upon the request of the devas, Anasuya made the trees bear fruits once more, and resumed the flow of the Ganga. She also turned ten days into ten nights when they urged her to do so. Hearing about her powers, the prince grows to respect her. A similar legend exists in the Shiva Purana, where the goddess Ganga appears before Anasuya due to her devotion. The ascetic asks her to stay on the grove near her husband's hermitage, so that she could fetch him her holy water. Both Shiva and Ganga stay at the hermitage for a while, blessing the region.

Anasuya teaches Sita that absolute service to one's husband is the greatest tapas that is ordained to every woman. She teaches Sita the strīdharmarahasya, translated as the secrets of the dharma of women, regarding their duties towards their husbands and in-laws. The princess regales the tale of her wedding to Rama upon the ascetic's urging. The ascetic presents Sita with a very sacred garland, as well as a sublime gem before the couple's departure.

Veneration

The Anasuya Devi Temple is in Uttarakhand, located further upstream on the Amrit Ganga, a tributary of the Alakananda river.

The Sati Anasuya Ashram is in Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, located further upstream on the Mandakini River. It is 16 km away from the town, and set amidst thick forests where the melody of birdsong plays all day. It was where sage Atri, his wife Anasuya, and their three sons (who were three incarnations of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva), lived and are said to have meditated.

Valmiki describes in the Ramayana that there once was no rain in Chitrakuta for ten years. There was a severe famine and nothing was left for animals and birds to eat or drink. Sati Anasuya performed intensive austerities and got the river Mandakini down on earth. This led to the growth of greenery and forests, and eliminated the suffering of all sages and animals.

The Sati Anasuya Ashrama, at present, is a very peaceful place where several streams from the hills converge and form the Mandakini River. It is said that Rama along with Sita had visited this place to meet Atri and Anasuya. It is believed that this is the location where Sati Anasuya explained to Sita the grandeur and the importance of satitva (chastity). The dense forests of Dandaka start from this place. It is said to have been ruled by Ravana, who had appointed strong rakshasas such as Khara and Viradha as its rulers. The place is supposed to have once been infected by the terror of rakshasas.

In popular culture
Two movies in the Telugu language, both entitled Sati Anasuya were released in 1957 and 1971. The 1957 film was directed by Kadaru Nagabhushanam and starred Anjali Devi and Gummadi. The 1971 film was directed by B. A. Subba Rao. Jamuna played the role of Anasuya, Sharada played Sumati and Tadepalli Lakshmi Kanta Rao played Atri Maharshi. The musical score was provided by P. Adinarayana Rao.

title: Anasuya


text:
Mohamed Abdullahi Hassan Noah

Mohamed Abdullahi Hassan Noah is a Somali politician. He is the former Minister of Youth and Sports of Somalia, having been appointed to the position on 6 February 2015 by former Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke. He has now been succeeded by Salah Ahmed Jama.

title: Mohamed Abdullahi Hassan Noah


text:
Metro Junior A League

The Metro Junior A League was a junior ice hockey league created in 1961 by Toronto Maple Leafs owner Stafford Smythe in an attempt to rival the OHA, and act as a farm system for his NHL team. The league operated for two seasons from 1961 to 1963. For those two seasons the Metro Junior A League champion won the Father John Conway Memorial Trophy and went on to play the OHA champion for the J. Ross Robertson Cup, and the right to continue on the road to the Memorial Cup.

After two seasons, the calibre of play in the league was subpar, and many of the franchises were still having serious financial problems, while the two old Toronto teams dominated the promoted junior B teams. The Metro experiment was cancelled in 1963 and many of the teams folded. The Toronto Marlboros and Oshawa Generals were readmitted to the OHA for the 1963–64 season.

1961–62 season
On June 6, 1961,St. Michael's College School which operated the Toronto St. Michael's Majors, chose to leave the OHA Junior A league seeking a shorter schedule with less travel that would impact academic performance of its student athletes. The Toronto Marlboros, who were also owned by Stafford Smythe, also withdrew from the OHA. On June 12, Punch Imlach of the Toronto Maple Leafs announced the formation of a new Metropolitan Jr.A league. Smythe set about finding more teams to fill his league. The league started its first season with five teams, two of which were former OHA Junior A teams, and three promoted Junior B teams. The Marlboros and Majors would be joined by promoted Junior B teams, the Whitby Mohawks, the Brampton 7Ups, and the Unionville Seaforths.

The Marlboros and Majors both supplied players to the new teams in an effort to bring up their standard of competition, but the Majors easily won the league title that year, with the Marlies coming second. The Majors also prevailed in the playoffs against Brampton and the Marlboros. In the 1961–62 J. Ross Robertson Cup series, the Hamilton Red Wings defeated the Majors 4 games to 1.

1961–62 standings

Playoff results
 * Series A: St. Michael's defeated Whitby 8 points to 2.
 * Series B: Toronto Marlboros defeated Brampton 8 points to 2.
 * Finals: St. Michael's defeated Toronto 8 points to 6.

1962–63 season
By 1962 financial constraints had forced a re-organizing of the league. The Marlboros and 7Ups remained, but the Whitby Mohawks were renamed the Whitby Dunlops, the Unionville Seaforths became Toronto Knob Hill Farms, and the Majors became the Toronto Neil McNeil Maroons. The new sixth team in the league was the reborn Oshawa Generals team, featuring future Hockey Hall of Fame inductee, 14-year-old Bobby Orr, and playing in Bowmanville as there was no suitable arena in Oshawa. As opposed to the first season of the league, there was little effort to spread teams around the Toronto area, as Knob Hill, Neil McNeil and the Marlboros all called Maple Leaf Gardens home, usually playing doubleheader games on Tuesdays and Sundays.

St. Michael's College School decided to end the Majors program in 1962. The Toronto Maple Leafs prospect players were transferred to Neil McNeil High School with Jim Gregory remaining as coach and director of the Maple Leafs' farm system. The Maroons won the league title, then defeated the Dunlops and Marlboros in the playoffs. In the 1962–63 J. Ross Robertson Cup series, the Niagara Falls Flyers defeated the Maroons 4 games to 2.

1962–63 standings

Playoff results
 * Series A: Neil McNeil defeated Knob Hill Farms 8 points to 0.
 * Series B: Toronto Marlboros defeated Whitby 8 points to 2.
 * Finals: Neil McNeil defeated Toronto Marlboros 8 points to 4.

1962/63 Metro Junior A League All-Star Teams First Team GP-G-A-P (age) Gary Dineen C Neil McNeil Maroons 38-32-63-95 (19) Mike Corbett W Neil McNeil Maroons 37-44-50-94 (20) Duncan MacDonald W Toronto Marlboros 26-20-15-35 (20) Jim McKendry D Neil McNeil Maroons 34-2-17-19 (16) Frank Ridley D Toronto Marlboros 39-11-39-50 (20) Dave Kelly G Knob Hill Farmers 3.85 GAA (19) Second Team Ron Ellis W Toronto Marlboros 36-21-22-43 (17) Terry Vail C Oshawa Generals 35-28-24-52 (20) Grant Moore W Toronto Marlboros 36-26-30-56 (19) Rod Seiling D Neil McNeil Maroons 38-29-48-77 (18) Bobby Orr D Oshawa Generals 34-6-15-21 (14) Gary Smith G Neil McNeil Maroons 2.35 GAA (19)

title: Metro Junior A League


text:
Authoring Webpages/How to write for the web

Introduction
In the previous chapter, you have learned how to actually create a webpage.

To reiterate, you should have learned

 * that webpages consist of text with markup tags;
 * that the markup is part of a language called HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML);
 * that HTML must be valid, for various reasons;
 * that you can use a text editor to write HTML; and
 * how to apply some basic HTML elements to a text, such as paragraphs (p), links/anchors (a), important and less important headings (h1, h2), images (img), etc.

In other words, you have learned some of the mechanics of creating a webpage, and if you have followed the exercises, you actually gained some experience in writing webpages.

Now, you will begin to learn how to apply that knowledge in a meaningful way.

As we observed before, there is no right or wrong way to make a webpage. The page may consist of valid or invalid HTML, but whether a page is successful depends solely on the goals you have set yourself and whether they were met. However, we have also noted that there is no way of knowing whether the goals were met for all visitors.

Generally, your goal will be to tell the world a story.

If you manufacture lawnmowers, your goal with a webpage may be:

 * to entice people to buy your lawnmowers
 * to teach customers about how to use their lawnmower
 * to educate people about the dangers involved with lawnmowers
 * to show stock-holders in your company how business is going
 * to make it easy for the press to write about your lawnmowers
 * to impart your love for making lawnmowers onto others
 * to offer a community of lawnmower minded people the chance to interact with each other
 * to show suppliers how to reach your factory
 * to warn customers of shoddy look-a-like products
 * to accuse competitors
 * to respond to accusations of competitors

This list is endless. Who knows why somebody makes a webpage? There could be a million reasons.

But once you have committed yourself to telling your story, it would help if you could get your story across.

General writing skills are beyond the scope of this textbook. There are other Wikibooks (under development at the time of writing) that teach you exactly this. See for instance How to write an essay.

Reading problems on the web
Although few hard facts are known about this, it is generally assumed that reading from a screen is harder than from paper. For instance, it takes about 30% more time to read a text off a screen than off paper. Although little is known about the reason for this, it could be because most screens are static, while readers who use paper generally can move the paper around. Another theory holds that because the resolution of text on paper is much higher than that on screen (300dpi vs. 100dpi), it is 'easier for the eye' to read text off paper.

Most visitors browse websites using a browser that displays the contents of a webpage on a screen. The standard typography of web browsers seems to accommodate for a harder reading experience: paragraphs are separated by empty lines.

Regardless of how difficult it appears to be to read off a screen, web surfers have shown a marked preference for lay-outs that make it easier to scan a text for important points. Some of the qualities of these lay-outs are:

 * list-type information in lists
 * clearly marked hyperlinks
 * no horizontal (sideways) scrolling
 * all the important information above the 'fold'
 * inverted pyramid structuring of text

Often, visitors will print out text that they want to read with attention, while they skim over text that does not warrant such close scrutiny.

Information scent
Whatever they are searching for, most web surfers follow a similar strategy in hopping from page to page. They will 'scan' (skim through) a webpage, looking for interesting information. They will seek out elements that seem most promising to deliver that information, such as headings, emphasized text, and hyperlinks. If within the first few seconds a webpage does not seem to promise interesting information, the visitor will hop on the most promising hyperlink out of there. If there are no promising hyperlinks, visitors may even use the Back function of their browsers to return to a previous page.

The trail of promising elements is similar to the trail a bloodhound follows when hunting prey. It is therefore said that elements on a webpage emit an 'information scent'. The stronger that scent, the more likely the user is to follow it.

However, if a certain type of element has been producing false trails often, users will start turning away from such elements. For instance, although animated content is much more attention grabbing than static content, visitors turn away from animations more and more. This may be because web surfers have started to equate animations with advertisements; and advertisements rarely contain the sort of information the visitor was looking for.

By knowing how to make a webpage more accessible to those who use graphical browsers, and by knowing how to apply the right amount of 'scent' to certain elements on a page, the webpage author arms himself with the right tools to reach his audience optimally.

In the following, we will take a look at a couple of such tools.

Links vs. Text
The term Hypertext consists of two parts: 'hyper' and 'text'. Hyper is originally a Greek word meaning 'over', 'beyond'. Hypertext is something that takes text to a new level; but it still remains text. Hypertext has all the properties text has, and then some.

Although the title of this section makes it seem so, the extra properties of text, i.e. the (hyper)links, are not at war with the original text. At least not all the time.

When the theories of the web experts are correct, a web user surfs from page to page, following a trail of information scent. Whether that user is looking for a specific piece of information and trying all likely avenues that may lead to that piece; whether a user is looking for specific information, but gets side-tracked by other information; or whether a user is not looking for information at all, but just for some fun; all seem to be using the same strategy of following a trail of promising leads.

The longer a visitor stays on a page that does not hold his interest, the more the likelihood increases that the visitor starts looking for a way to escape. Although the promised information or fun may lie in the plain text that is presented on a webpage, all the escape routes are embedded in hyperlinks. Chances are, therefore, that any text that does not immediately captivate a visitor's attention, is unlikely to be read later on, unless much of the preceding text has already made abundantly clear to the visitor that this is where he wants to stay.

Let me repeat again that it is not the author's task to entertain the reader. But an author who does not want to entertain readers, will find himself without an audience. Similarly, an author who sets out to maximize the sense of reward someone gets from reading his work, will reach the maximum audience for that type of work.

???more to follow

The fold
The fold is a term that could in some sense be used for all media, but is pretty useless when speaking of streamed media such as speech. It is a term used for visual browsers, meaning the bottom edge of the first displayed part of a webpage.

For instance, if a webpage consists of fifty lines of text, but only the first twenty are displayed, the fold is beneath the twentieth and above the twenty-first line.

That may seem to be an arbitrary position to give its own name, but it is not, because webpage visitors will generally look at what's above the fold, not at what's beyond.

Unfortunately, it is not a very useful metric, as each visitor has his web browser set up in different ways, and so for each visitor the position of the fold may differ.

However, it teaches us that things that need to be viewed by as many visitors as possible, need to be as high up on a page as possible.

The inverted pyramid
So far we have discussed the difficulty with which a visitor reads a webpage off a screen, and with which haste he does so. Forget to grab the right person's attention, and he will disappear to the greener grass on other webpages. The web is quite vicious like that: all your competitors are your direct neighbour.

In the section about the fold we discussed how it is important to maximize your readership by putting important information at the top.

The method of writing a text with the most important sentence first, the second most important sentence second, the third most important sentence third, etcetera, is called the Inverted Pyramid.

Traditional essay writing holds that a piece is structured as follows: introduction, expansion, conclusion. For most of us, it is pretty common practice to sit on important facts for awhile, and only reveal them as the piece progresses. As readers, we have become accustomed to text being structured like this, and are willing to show a certain amount of forgiveness when an author does not come to the point right away. On the web, we click away without even blinking our eyes when we encounter a text that does not immediately tell us what we want to know.

Pitfalls
So far, we have been stressing what happens when a visitor does not find the information he is looking for. But what happens when the visitor does find what he is looking for: does web text still need to be as oddly contorted as described before in order to appeal to the visitor?

One would hope not. How would Alice in Wonderland read if we had put the most important facts first? If we had put links to more interesting literature in the text? If we had forgone all artistic ambition just to satisfy some weary surfer, who wasn't going to read our text anyway?

The usability extremists would say, yes, there are no artistic values--just a new world, with new rules.

Unfortunately for them, people do read on the web. They are moved by what they encounter. They have ways to circumvent the difficulties of the web medium. For instance, people who find an interesting text on the web often print it out, so that they can read it from an easier medium.

I would also argue, without any facts to back me up, that the nature of a text plays a role. Informative and persuasive texts may be constructed according to the guidelines given before, whereas entertaining texts may be constructed in the old-fashioned, pre-web way.

If you are trying to sell me something, for instance, there's really no need to fluff up your text with "marketese". More likely than not, I will hit the Back button of my browser faster than you can say 'percentage'.

If you are trying to inform me of something, I might be more lenient. The trade we are making (you get my attention, I get your insights) is much more immediate, and therefore worth more to me.

But even the authors of entertaining webpages can learn something here. The most important thing: you write for an audience. The medium plays a role in that. A hard rock band must use loud speakers. It's what the audience expects. (And of course, the hard rock band that knows this can play on this, and show their soft side in an 'unplugged' session--but such things are better only tried by those who understand their medium.)

Even if the entertaining text is going to be printed out, even if the user is going to sit in front of his screen and persevere through your entire, brilliant play, some of the methods outlined before make sense.

Should you not use the inverted pyramid, you should at least use headings for headings, don't fiddle with font sizes (yes, this is unfortunately possible), let paragraphs stay separated by blank lines, etcetera. It is not rare to find that some author of science fiction stories has found out a way to display their story the same as on paper--forgetting in the mean time that he is not publishing on paper, and losing part of his audience.

Most of the promotional value of an entertaining text is in the text itself. Entertainment is highly valued: if what you wrote is good, others will link to it, including search engines.

Usability and Accessibility
The World Wide Web Consortium has produced a set of Web Content Accessibility Guidelines that provide guidance on some areas of writing web pages. The guidelines are quite daunting at first. Don't try to understand them all in a single reading. Some guidelines are easy to follow whilst others can require significant effort.

Watchfire's WebXACT is a popular free online tool for checking pages for accessibility. Although it can only check some of the guidelines and occasionally fails pages that do meet the guidelines it is a good starting point for learning the guidelines.

Checkpoint 10.4, "Until user agents handle empty controls correctly, include default, place-holding characters in edit boxes and text areas.", is now considered unnecessary and has been removed from the draft of the next version of the guidelines. See the UK's Royal National Institute for the Blind's article Place-holding text in form elements for more information.

Checkpoint 4.2, "Specify the expansion of each abbreviation or acronym in a document where it first occurs." It is now considered good practice to markup all occurrences of an abbreviation instead of just the first occurrence. HTML 4.01 and XHTML1.0/1.1 have two elements for marking-up abbreviations. The  element is used to markup any abbreviation. The  element can be used to markup acronyms. Since acronyms are a special type of abbreviation they can also be marked-up with. Abbreviations that are not acronyms should not be marked-up with.

Exercise 3-1
Behold the following text: "It is always the dead that are praised, or so claim those who are unsuccessful while alive. Perhaps this is so, partly because some people only revere that which has passed. However, works that have withstood the test of time, have withstood its scrutiny. Long-dead authors that are still remembered, are remembered because of the quality of their work. And no work can be stiled that of a genius, until other works have come along against which it can be compared." (Free after Samuel Johnson's "Preface to Shakespeare".)

Rewrite this paragraph using the inverted pyramid.

Answers
For answers, see Answers to Questions and Exercises.

Previous: Creating a simple page - Up: Table of Contents - Next: Adapting a webpage for visual browsers


text:
Valley of Darkness

"Valley of Darkness" is the second episode of the second season of the reimagined Battlestar Galactica television series. It aired originally on the Sci Fi Channel on July 22, 2005.

In the episode, Cylon Centurions board Galactica. The crew, led by Lee "Apollo" Adama, beat them back but suffer heavy casualties. On Kobol, Gaius Baltar's visions continue, and Chief Galen Tyrol euthanizes a dying comrade. On Caprica, Starbuck and Helo relax in Starbuck's apartment and then take her truck out of the city.

According to executive producer Ronald D. Moore, production and post-production for "Valley of Darkness" was contentious. Nonetheless, critics reviewed it favorably. The episode received a nomination at the 2005 VES awards for the (animated) Centurions.

Plot
Having just jumped away from a battle with Cylons and rejoined the civilian fleet, a Cylon virus forces Galactica to switch to a limited emergency power as the crew fights off a boarding party of Cylon Centurions. Apollo releases President Roslin from the brig and she makes her way to sickbay just as the last of the Centurions are destroyed. With Galactica safe, Doctor Cottle makes his way to operate on a still-critical Commander Adama.

On Kobol, Tyrol and Cally return to the rest of the stranded survey team with the medical kit they had retrieved for a wounded Socinus only to learn that his death is inevitable. Tyrol reluctantly euthanizes him with lethal dosage of painkillers.

On Caprica, Starbuck and Helo stop at Starbuck's old apartment, where they listen to a recording of Starbuck's father playing the piano as Starbuck reflects on her life. They retrieve the keys to Starbuck's truck and escape the city in it.

Symbolism
In his podcast commentary on "Valley of Darkness", Moore discusses his views of the symbolism appearing in the episode.
 * He connects Baltar's dream about Adama killing the baby to episodes of infanticide in the Bible, such as the Massacre of the Innocents. The symbolism is intended to contextualize the magnitude of the threat to the baby Baltar is supposed to perceive.
 * Baltar comments that Six's description of human sacrifice on Kobol differs greatly from the accounts of the in-universe Scriptures, which describe the planet as a paradise. Moore connects this with the Biblical story of the Garden of Eden. As in the case of Eden, he says, humanity was driven out of paradise as divine punishment for its sins, except Kobol was home to "a more brutal, ugly kind of sin than simply getting some fruit off of some old tree that you weren't supposed to be snacking on."

Production
Much of the action in "Valley of Darkness" set on Kobol and Caprica was originally written as part of "Scattered". This produced a script that was too long for one episode but too short for two. The Cylon boarding party plot was conceived to fill enough time for a full second episode.

According to Moore, the production and post-production for "Valley of Darkness" was unusually contentious; it and "The Farm" were the most contentious episodes of the second season.
 * After most of the shooting had concluded, the episode was viewed as too heavy. Moore and executive producer David Eick responded by adding scenes between Dee and Billy before and after the crisis. Moore felt that these "bookends" provide better context for their relationship at the expense of sense of urgency in the episode's first minutes. The scene between Tyrol and Cally and some extra time between Starbuck and Helo on Caprica were also added to lighten the mood.
 * The scene where Baltar sees Adama drowning his and Six's baby was controversial because of its perceived brutality, but Moore and Eick fought to keep it in the episode. Ultimately the scene was shot and edited to minimize the screen presence of the drowning itself. Moore acknowledged that the scene would disturb some viewers but enjoyed the way it advanced the show's mythos.
 * Socinus's death was controversial because of its emotional impact, but Moore considered it an important part of the episode. He had second thoughts about including it after learning that actor Aaron Douglas (Tyrol) had suffered a personal loss, but Douglas "really embraced it. He really wanted to do these scenes." Asked in a December 2005 interview what was the most difficult scene in the series to shoot, Douglas said, "The scenes where someone dies in the Chief's arms are difficult to do because they take a really long time to shoot and you are constantly in a state of loss and sadness. They are very draining."
 * Moore filmed a number of scenes between Tigh and Apollo that were ultimately deleted after filming. In one, a flashback gives Tigh the idea that the Centurions plan on venting the airlocks. This was to be how Tigh recognized the strategy. Another deleted scene has an exchange between Apollo and CIC where Tigh tries to relieve Apollo of command.  In a third deleted scene, Head Six tells Baltar that only he will live to see Earth.

The piano piece Starbuck and Helo listen to is "Metamorphosis One" by Philip Glass. The end of the piece is featured at the end of the episode. Glass's music was often used for temp tracks during production of the series. The microcassette format she uses is an homage to the film A Clockwork Orange.

When Tyrol and Cally rejoin the others, they use a countersign, a kind of challenge–response authentication, in which one party says "flash" and the other "thunder". These were the challenge and password, respectively, used by Allied soldiers on D-Day during World War II.

Actress Katee Sackhoff (Starbuck) played a large role in planning the look and feel of Starbuck's apartment. She and actor Tahmoh Penikett (Helo) did much of the painting on the walls and the canvases strewn about the room.

Reception
"Valley of Darkness" received a nomination at the 2005 Visual Effects Society Awards for the Centurions, in the category "Outstanding Performance by an Animated Character in a Live Action Broadcast Program, Commercial, or Music Video". It lost to the following episode, "Fragged", which won for the Centurions in that episode.

"Valley of Darkness" received favorable critical review. Jen Segrest of AOL's TV Squad commended the scenes between Starbuck and Helo and said the final confrontation with the Centurions was "a [scene] you'll want to rewatch a few times in slow mo." Susan Tankersley of Television Without Pity gave "Valley of Darkness" a B+. Simon Brew of Den of Geek praised Tyrol's scene with Socinus, calling it "moving".

Eric Goldman of IGN ranked Tigh taking command at #11 on his list of the top 20 storylines and moments in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica.

Connection to other series elements

 * The image painted on the wall of Starbuck's apartment, three concentric, colorful disks, reappears in the Temple of the Five in the third-season episode "The Eye of Jupiter".
 * "Metamorphosis Five" is also featured in the fourth-season episode "Someone to Watch Over Me".

title: Valley of Darkness


text:
Ebrahimabad, Nishapur

Ebrahimabad (, also Romanized as Ebrāhīmābād) is a village in Eshqabad Rural District, Miyan Jolgeh District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 231, in 52 families.

title: Ebrahimabad, Nishapur


text:
Entha Manchivaadavuraa

Entha Manchivaadavuraa is a 2020 Indian Telugu-language action drama film directed by Satish Vegesna. It is an official remake of Gujarati film Oxygen (2018 film). The film stars Kalyan Ram and Mehreen Pirzada, with the music composed by Gopi Sundar. The film has been jointly produced by Aditya Music’s Subhash Gupta and Umesh Gupta. The film draws its title from an eponymous song of the film Nammina Bantu.

The film follows Balu, a short film actor who assumes multiple identities to bond with unrelated people and gives them hope in their most desperate times. It is then that he encounters violence and hatred from some greedy men.

Plot
When her train halts at Yelamanchili due to a blockage, Nandini tells a group of women about her lover Balu in a flashback.

As a young boy, the death of Balu's parents leaves him abandoned. Nandini's father helps Balu by getting him into a boys hostel. 15 years later, Balu grows up to become a short film actor often referred to as Hero by Nandini, while the former refers her to as "Producer". One day, she sees an army uniform in his bag and suspects him. She sends two of her partners to spy on Balu, who discover he is Surya, an army officer with a brother. Similarly, they find a photograph of Balu with an old couple performing Tulabhara as their grandson Shiva. Balu then celebrates Raksha Bandhan with a woman as her brother Rishi. Nandini and team meet Balu at a cafe and question him about his multiple identities. It is then revealed he stopped the old couple, who were left abandoned by their grandson, from committing suicide and being a grandson to them. He agreed to act as a deceased soldier and the brother of a mentally unstable man. He also saved a woman from getting harassed by goons, beating them up and openly proclaiming himself as her brother. Balu then decides to start an organization named as All is well Emotion Suppliers to help people by sending an actor as the relative they want. One day, Balu and Nandini are approached by a woman who wants a son for the happiness of her husband Rama Sharma who is diagnosed with cancer and had lost their son years ago. Balu assumes the identity of Acharya, their son, making Rama Sharma happy about his return. However, an illegal land miner named Gangaraju tries to forcibly acquire signature on a document from Rama Sharma, resulting in two brawls and Gangaraju's arrest.

Balu and Nandini are happy to see their organization running successfully for 6 months. However, the old couple's grandson arrives from America with goons and vandalizes the office. Balu thrashes them, before the old couple arrive to stop him. The old man reveals he transferred his property to Balu because of his love towards them as opposed to how their own grandson treated them. Balu convinces them to not relate love and wealth, and slaps the grandson who was angry for the loss of property. Later, Rama Sharma reveals he knows Balu is not his son, since a man showed him an ad of Balu and Nandini. He slaps Balu and tells him to leave, but Nandini explains Balu's true love for him. Realizing his fault, he re-accepts Balu but later succumbs to cancer. Balu hands over flight tickets for Kashi to Acharya's mother and assures her she can later live with him. Nandini, her fiancé Kishore and Balu are on a car trip and their car breaks down in Munnar, where an old man assists them and takes them to his marriage anniversary party. Meeting his Telugu-speaking wife who misses her relatives, Balu reveals he is her nephew and Nandini tells her she is his wife. The woman gifts the couple before they leave, and Balu reveals he lied to her but also explained his intentions to the old man who made him promise to continue the relation. Seeing Nandini and Balu's love for each other, Kishore refuses to marry her. Eventually, Nandini and Balu get married.

Back to present, Nandini reveals she is 3-months pregnant and leaves the train with her family after Balu tells her to meet him at a point. A priest who claimed to predict Nandini's future runs to inform her about an upcoming obstacle. However, he misses her and Nandini joins Balu and the whole family on a boat. However, a recently released Gangaraju attacks the boat with his henchmen. In the ensuing fight, Nandini is injured and thrown into water. Balu rescues her and kills Gangaraju and slits Gangaraju’s throat before himself getting fatally stabbed. A dying Balu is admitted to a hospital where he convinces everyone to move on. However, he survives and months later, his child is born. He and Nandini then leave for a customer who wants a son and daughter-in-law.

Cast

 * Nandamuri Kalyan Ram as Balu
 * Mehreen Pirzada as Nandhini
 * Naresh as Vijayakrishna, Nandini's father
 * Sarath Babu as Siva Prasad
 * Suhasini Maniratnam as Jayalakshmi, Siva Prasad's wife
 * Vijayakumar as Lakshminarayana
 * Sumithra as Lakshminarayana's wife
 * Baladitya as Aditya (Shiva Rao's Son)
 * Vennela Kishore as Kishore
 * Rajeev Kanakala as Ganga Raju (Illegal Business Man, Land Grabbing Culprit)
 * Tanikella Bharani as Rama Sharma
 * Pavitra Lokesh as Gayathri, Rama Sharma's wife
 * Praveen as Ashwin
 * Prabhas Sreenu as Venu
 * Subhalekha Sudhakar as Shiva Rao
 * Sivannarayana Naripeddi as Siva Prasad's Relative
 * Ravi Varma as Lakshminarayana's grand son
 * Pooja Ramachandran as Balu's friend
 * Sudharshan as Balu's friend
 * Rajashree as Nandini's mother
 * Gayatri Bhargavi as Nandini's sister
 * Jaya Keerthi Chekuri as Visitor in temple
 * Venkat Sriram as Balu's father
 * Master Roshan as young Balu
 * Natasha Doshi (special appearance in the song Jaataro Jaatara)

Development
The film commenced in 2019, in Rajahmundry and East Godavari district. Most of the filming was done at locations in Purushottama Patnam, Pendyala, Kovvuru and Kotipalli.

Release
The film was released theatrically on 15 January 2020, coinciding with Sankranthi. It was made available for streaming via Hotstar on 16 February 2020 with English subtitles. The film was also dubbed and released in Hindi as Dumdaar Khiladi 2 in 2022.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by Gopi Sundar and released by Aditya Music on 9 October 2019.

title: Entha Manchivaadavuraa


text:
Air Command International

Air Command International, Inc. is an American aircraft manufacturer originally based in Wylie, Texas, later in Caddo Mills, Texas and now in River Falls, Wisconsin. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of autogyros in the form of kits for amateur construction for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles and the US Experimental - Amateur-built aircraft categories.

The company was founded by Dennis Fetters, who later went on to start the troubled Revolution Helicopter Corporation in Excelsior Springs, Missouri and Fetters Aerospace in China.

The Air Command Commander was introduced by the company in 1984 for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category. Follow-up models included the single-seat Air Command Commander Elite, the single seat Air Command Commander Sport and Air Command Single Place, plus the two-seat Air Command Commander 147A, two seat Air Command Commander Side-By-Side, two seat Air Command Commander Tandem and two seat Air Command Tandem, all for the US homebuilt aircraft category.

All original Air Command kits used McCutchen Skywheels rotor blades, although other rotors have been flown by individual kit builders.

title: Air Command International


text:
Tsubasa to Hotaru

Tsubasa to Hotaru (つばさとホタル) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Nana Haruta. Tsubasa to Hotaru was serialized in the monthly shōjo manga magazine Ribon from the September 2013 issue to the December 2017 issue. During the series' run, an anime adaptation was screened at Ribon Festa 2014 and episodes were later produced as animated segments in the children's variety show Oha Suta.

Plot
Tsubasa Sonokawa is a high school student who falls in love with an upperclassman after he helped her when she fainted from anemia at the train station. After getting rejected, Tsubasa decides to help Yuri with managing the boys' basketball team and becomes acquainted with Aki Hidaka, Yūma Toba, and Yoshinari Karasuma. As Tsubasa gets closer to Aki, she discovers that he was the one who saved her when she fainted, and she begins to fall in love with him.

Characters

 * Tsubasa Sonokawa (園川 つばさ)
 * Tsubasa is a bubbly high school student who wants to be seen as dependable by her peers. She becomes one of the managers of the basketball team.
 * Tsubasa is a bubbly high school student who wants to be seen as dependable by her peers. She becomes one of the managers of the basketball team.

 * Aki Hidaka (飛鷹 顕)
 * Aki is a member of the basketball team, and his classmates call him Akky (アッキー). He is quiet, but he has a strong appetite.
 * Aki is a member of the basketball team, and his classmates call him Akky (アッキー). He is quiet, but he has a strong appetite.

 * Yūma Toba (鳥羽 結真)
 * Yūma is a member of the basketball team and one of the most popular boys in school, especially among the girls, who regard him as a gentleman. After noticing Tsubasa's hardworking nature, he eventually falls in love with her.
 * Yūma is a member of the basketball team and one of the most popular boys in school, especially among the girls, who regard him as a gentleman. After noticing Tsubasa's hardworking nature, he eventually falls in love with her.

 * Yoshinari Karasuma (烏丸 吉成)
 * Yoshinari is a member of the basketball team and Tsubasa's classmate. He is energetic, but he is also oblivious during serious situations.
 * Yoshinari is a member of the basketball team and Tsubasa's classmate. He is energetic, but he is also oblivious during serious situations.

 * Yuri Chōno (蝶野 友梨)
 * Yuri is Tsubasa's childhood friend who is a year her senior. She is the manager of the basketball team.
 * Yuri is Tsubasa's childhood friend who is a year her senior. She is the manager of the basketball team.

 * Hachiya (蜂谷)
 * Hachiya is a third-year student on the basketball team and Yuri's boyfriend.
 * Hachiya is a third-year student on the basketball team and Yuri's boyfriend.

 * Ran Mikazuki (三日月 蘭)
 * Ran is one of the most popular girls in Tsubasa's school and one of the winners of the school's pageant during the cultural festival. She is interested in Yūma.

 * Sugiyama (杉山先輩)
 * Sugiyama is an upperclassmen who Tsubasa falls in love with at first, believing him to be the one who saved her when she fainted. He rejects her for being overbearing.
 * Sugiyama is an upperclassmen who Tsubasa falls in love with at first, believing him to be the one who saved her when she fainted. He rejects her for being overbearing.

Manga
Tsubasa to Hotaru is written and illustrated by Nana Haruta. It was serialized in the monthly magazine Ribon from the September 2013 issue released on August 3, 2013, to the December 2017 issue released on November 2, 2017. The chapters were later released in 11 bound volumes by Shueisha under the Ribon Mascot Comics imprint.

A side story of Haruta's previous work, Stardust Wink, was serialized in the 2013 Winter Daizōkan edition of Ribon Special and was later published in volume 1 of Tsubasa to Hotaru. An official fan book featuring Haruta's color artwork and character profiles, titled Towa High School Boys Basketball Team Fan Book, was released on August 3, 2016 with the September 2016 issue of Ribon.

Anime
An anime adaptation was first announced in the February 2014 issue of Ribon. The anime was written and directed by Chiaki Kon, with animation produced by J.C.Staff. The anime was screened at Ribon Festa 2014, which took place on March 16 in Miyagi Prefecture, March 21 in Hiroshima, March 29–30 in Kyoto, and April 5–6 in Yokohama. The ending theme song is "Tsubasa to Hotaru" and is performed by Kanae Itō, the voice actress of Tsubasa.

Several episodes were then created and aired as short animated segments on the children's variety show Oha Suta, which was broadcast on TV Tokyo. The first part aired in four weekly segments from March 6, 2015 to March 27, 2015. The second part aired in three weekly segments from May 10, 2016 to May 24, 2016.

Reception
Volume 2 debuted on Oricon at #27, with 31,895 copies sold in its first week. Volume 3 debuted on Oricon at #37, with 26,214 copies sold in its first week and 51,393 copies overall. Volume 4 debuted on Oricon at #22, with 32,446 copies sold in its first week and 61,195 copies overall. Volume 5 debuted on Oricon at #9, with 66,822 copies sold in its first week and 88,881 copies overall.

title: Tsubasa to Hotaru


text:
hallat

Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬), from, from.

Noun

 * 1) tools
 * 2) instruments

Verb

 * : to let something be heard

Noun

 * 1)  hearing

title: hallat


text:
Mu'in al-Din

Mu'in al-Din or Moinuddin (معین الدین) is a male Muslim name composed of the elements Muin, meaning helper and ad-Din, meaning of the faith. It may refer to:

 * Mu'in ad-Din Unur (d. 1149), Seljuk ruler of Damascus
 * Mu'in al-Din Chishti (1143–1236), Sufi saint
 * Mu'in al-Din Hasan ibn al-Shaykh (d. 1246), vizier of the Ayyubid sultanate
 * Pervâne Mu'in al-Din Suleyman (d. 1277), politician in Anatolia
 * Mo'in al-Din Junayd ibn Mahmud ibn Muhammad Baghnovi Shirazi, or just Junayd Shirazi (fl. 1389), Persian Sufi poet
 * Muhammad Mueenuddeen I (d. 1835), sultan of the Maldives
 * Muhammad Mueenuddeen II (fl. 1887), sultan of the Maldives
 * Moinuddin Haider (b. 1942), Pakistan army General
 * Moinuddin Aqeel (b. 1946), Pakistani author, critic and linguist
 * Mirza Ghulam Moinuddin Muhammad, Javaid Jah Bahadur (b. 1946), Indian descendant of the Mughal emperors
 * Moin al-Din Saeedi, Baluchi-Iranian Politician
 * Moinuddin (cricketer) (b. 1987), Pakistani cricketer

title: Mu'in al-Din


text:
reconstitution

Noun

 * 1) The process or result of reconstituting
 * 2) restoration, reconstruction
 * 3) The addition of water to dehydrated food

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) reconstitution
 * 2) reenactment (of a historical event); reconstruction (of a crime)
 * 3) replenishment

title: reconstitution


text:
Eleotris fusca

The dusky sleeper or brown spinecheek gudgeon (Eleotris fusca) is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae found in many Indo-West Pacific regions, from the coast of eastern Africa to Hawaii, where it can be found in lagoons, estuaries, and freshwater streams with muddy bottoms.

Description
The size of this species varies between 18cm (7 in) to 26 cm in length. Its colour ranges from a greyish brown to a dark brown.

Diet
Brown spinecheek gudgeons feed on crustaceans, insects, and gastropods.

title: Eleotris fusca