text:
Proposed Anglo-Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1915–20

Between 1912 and 1914, plans were discussed between proponents in Sweden and Britain for a joint Anglo-Swedish Antarctic Expedition. The impetus for this enterprise came from the geologist and explorer Otto Nordenskjöld, who had led the 1901–03 Swedish Antarctic Expedition He wished to continue and extend the work begun there. The British involvement in the new venture arose because Nordenskjöld planned to finance it from the profits of a whaling company which he proposed to set up. For this, he needed to obtain a licence from the British authorities, who controlled all whaling activities in the sector of the Antarctic in which Nordenskjöld intended to operate.

The British would not grant the licence, because of their concern that the resource was being over-worked. They did, however, have a close interest in further researches into whales and whaling. The Swedish and British representatives discussed how this concern could be combined with the Swedes' more general interests in biological, geological and meteorological investigations. A plan emerged for the establishment of a scientific station that would be manned for five years by a team of British and Swedish scientists, funded equally from British and Swedish sources. The Swedish government was supportive of this plan, and promised the required finance. In Britain the government was more reticent, partly because it was pursuing other avenues for the development of whaling research, and also because it was unenthusiastic about funding further Antarctic expeditions. Consequently, much of the British share of the finance for the Anglo–Swedish expedition had to be secured from learned societies. Nordenskjöld had achieved some success in obtaining contributions, before the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 led to the postponement and eventual cancellation of the project. Many years later, a part-revival of the plan led to the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1949–52.

Background: the first Swedish Antarctic expedition
In 1901 Otto Nordenskjöld, a 31-year-old geologist and university lecturer, led the first Swedish Antarctic Expedition, one of several ventures heading for the then largely unexplored Antarctic continent at the beginning of the 20th century. Nordenskjöld had previous field experience in Tierra del Fuego, Alaska and Greenland, and had an excellent family pedigree; his uncle, Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, had won fame for his completion of the first navigation of the Northeast Passage in 1878–79. The 1901 expedition was funded by private contributions and loans, having failed to secure financial support from the state. In February 1902 Nordenskjöld and a small group of scientists established a base at Snow Hill Island, to the east of Graham Land, while the expedition ship Antarctic carried out survey and other work further north. The following season, when Antarctic returned south to pick up the shore party, she became trapped in the ice and was finally crushed and sunk on 14 February 1903. Her crew escaped to nearby Paulet Island, and the two parts of the expedition each endured a second polar winter in harsh conditions, before both groups were rescued by the Argentine gunboat Uruguay in November 1903.

In difficult circumstances the expedition achieved significant scientific results, despite its eclipse in most polar histories by the more glamourised exploits of Scott, Shackleton and others. On his return to Sweden, Nordenskjöld continued with his academic career, being appointed professor of geology at the University of Gothenburg, and carried out field assignments in Finnmark, Spitsbergen and Greenland. Amid these various activities, he was eager to return to the Antarctic, to complete and extend the work of the earlier expedition, and together with Johan Gunnar Andersson, his second-in-command during the 1901 expedition, he sought the means to do so.

Negotiations for a whaling licence
In April 1911, addressing the Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography, Nordenskjöld outlined a scheme for a second Antarctic expedition, based on the establishment of a scientific station that would operate over a period of several years. He included in his argument an appeal to nationalism, the desire to restore Sweden to the top ranks of scientific polar exploration. The question of how such a long-term scheme could be financed was a major issue for Nordenskjöld, bearing in mind the funding difficulties that all prospective expeditions faced, and his state of personal indebtedness arising from the financing of the first expedition. The solution, he decided, was to set up a commercial whaling company to operate in the area of the expedition, the profits from which would fund the scientific research. The 1901–03 expedition had noted the abundance of whales in that area; Carl Anton Larsen, the captain of the Antarctic, had seen the commercial possibilities for whaling there, and had founded an industry which, Nordenskjöld noted in 1914, had developed to the extent that 40 vessels were now employed, producing a yield that over the years had amounted to £2 million.

The establishment of a whaling company would not be a straightforward matter. In 1908 the British government had issued Letters Patent claiming sovereignty over this area of the Antarctic, declaring that South Georgia, the South Shetlands and Graham Land were part of the Falkland Island Dependencies (FID). As a result, whaling activities in the area were now subject to British Colonial Office control, through the granting of a licence which, Nordenskjöld was aware, might not easily be obtained. Nevertheless, he and Andersson hoped that with support from leading geographers and polar experts, the difficulty might be overcome. With this in mind they approached Sir John Scott Keltie, secretary of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS). Keltie was encouraging; he thought that the proposed scheme for a long-term scientific station was "the kind of exploration we now want in the Antarctic", and considered it would be not too difficult to get the government's agreement to the granting of a whaling licence. A draft application to the Colonial Office, submitted to the RGS for consideration, made the point that it was as a result of the 1901–03 Swedish expedition that whaling had become established in the area. The proposed whaling company would not only provide funding to support the scientific station, but would enable the creation of a fund for to support further research, greatly to the benefit of Antarctic whaling.

However, when Nordenskjöld and Andersson visited London and met Colonial Office officials, the outcome was disappointing. The government, they were informed, prompted by advice from the Natural History Museum (NHM), was concerned about possible overfishing and was considering introducing further measures for the protection of whales. In the meantime, no further licences for whaling would be issued. Faced with this setback, Nordenskjöld and Andersson nevertheless felt that if they could convince the NHM of the merits of their plan, they might yet overcome the Colonial Office's objection. They approached Sidney Harmer, the museum's Keeper of Zoology, who after considering their proposal, thought it might provide a practical means for the necessary research into protection of whales: "The information that would be gained thereby", he wrote in June 1912, "is so important that it would probably more than compensate for the number of whales killed". Others were less convinced, and when later that year the museum was invited to participate in a government commission to investigate whaling policy, Harmer backtracked. In February 1913 he informed Nordenskjöld and Andersson that he could no longer support their licence application.

Revised scheme
Thwarted in their desire to base a new Swedish expedition on the revenues from a whaling venture, Nordenskjöld and Andersson devised an alternative strategy: a joint Anglo-Swedish project with shared costs, in which a five-year scientific station manned by British and Swedish scientists would incorporate whaling research into their scientific programme. They established a prestigious committee to deal with the Swedish side of the undertaking, chaired by Louis Palander, the naval officer who had captained the SS Vega on the first successful traverse of the Northeast Passage in 1878–79. A key member of the committee was the industrialist Axel Lagrelius, who promised to provide half of the Swedish share of the annual costs of the station. Informal talks with government officials indicated that the state would help, if matching contributions were forthcoming from the British. The costs were estimated at £3,000 per year – £1500 to be provided from Sweden, £1,500 from Britain.

On the British side, although Harmer and Keltie were enthusiastic, the Colonial Office was cool. They had appointed Major Gerald Barrett-Hamilton to conduct a one-man investigation into whaling, and until his report was available, the Colonial Office was unwilling to take further steps. An additional difficulty was the British government policy whereby local projects were required to be locally financed; thus, the projected British annual share of £1,500 would fall on the FID, a sum beyond the means of their small budget. No such problems were encountered on the Swedish side, where the government readily included its share of the costs in the 1914 national budget. Whereas the Swedish government had been influenced by the prestige of such as Palander, and his appeal to "bringing new honour to old Sweden", in British government circles there was a general weariness with Antarctic expeditions, and no authoritative voice equivalent to Palander's to press the case.

In an effort to break the impasse, Nordenskjöld travelled to Britain early in 1914. There, he worked with Harmer to reduce the size of any government contribution, and was able to secure a grant from the NHM of £500 for each of the five projected years of the scientific station. The Royal Society provided a one-off sum of £500. Nordenskjöld hoped that the RGS would match the NHM amount, but in spite of Keltie's advocacy its council would only offer £200 for the first year, and £100 a year thereafter. Meanwhile, Barrett-Hamilton had sent a preliminary report, but died shortly thereafter, leaving his investigation incomplete. While remaining sceptical of the utility of the Swedish plan, the FID then offered a token sum of £100 per year to the venture.

Thus, in the spring of 1914, a substantial financial shortfall still existed on the British side. Notwithstanding this, Nordensjöld and Palander made a confident statement of the proposed expedition's aims and objectives, published in the RGS journal in May 1914. Beyond the scientific studies, including the biology of whales, they declared that the expedition would seek to resolve the outstanding question, which Wilhelm Filchner's recently returned German expedition had failed to do, as to whether Antarctica was a single integrated entity, or was divided between separate landmasses on the east and west. On the question of financing, they announced optimistically that "the enterprise has met with the heartiest support in England", and glossed over the shortfall, stating that "to judge from news lately received from the committee, England's [financial] share in the undertaking gives promise of equalling Sweden's". A projected start date was given as August 1915.

War, delays, abandonment
The outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 frustrated all these plans. Harmer informed Nordenskjöld that the expedition would have to be postponed; Nordenskjöld hoped a 1915 start was still possible, if the funding shortfall could be overcome. However, Keltie told him that the RGS was suspending its funding, and that making further plans was now pointless.

Nordenskjöld would not give up hope, and thought that, if the world situation improved, a 1916 start might be achieved. A notice in the American Wanamaker Diary for 1916 announced the postponement of the departure date until 1916, adding: "It is hoped that a further postponement will not be necessary". But in October 1917, the NHM withdrew its funding, effectively ending all hope for the expedition. In Sweden, the funding remained in place, and after the war's end in 1918, tentative approaches were made to Britain to see if the idea could be revived. Harmer declared that there was no longer any British interest. In 1919 the Swedish committee dissolved itself, and the funds were distributed to other projects.

Aftermath
During the 1930s, and again in the 1940s, Andersson raised the possibility of reviving the defunct Anglo-Swedish plans. His suggestion was taken up by the geographer and geologist Hans Ahlmann; there followed  proposals for a multi-national scientific expedition involving Norway, Sweden, Britain and perhaps other countries. These discussions led eventually to the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSX) of 1949–52. This was carried out by a mixed team of Norwegian, British and Swedish scientists, from a base in Queen Maud Land rather than Graham Land, and its researches were confined to glaciology, meteorology and geology.

By this time, Nordenskjöld was long since dead. After the First World War he continued his academic career at the University of Gothenburg. He never revisted the Antarctic, although he led expeditions to Peru and southern Chile in 1920–21. He died on 2 June 1928, following a street accident near his home in Gothenburg. In 1919 Andersson returned to China, which he had first visited in 1914. He remained there for many years, devoting himself to archaeological exploration, and discovered the initial evidence that later proved the existence of Peking man. Andersson died in 1960.

Keltie retired from the RGS secretaryship in 1915. He was knighted in 1918, and died in 1927. Harmer became director of the Natural History Museum in 1919, serving until his retirement in 1927. He was appointed KBE in 1920, and received many other honours before his death in 1950.

The failed Anglo-Swedish Antarctic Expedition was Palander's final involvement in public affairs. He died in 1920.


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Robert McClenon

 * ''The following discussion is preserved as an archive of a request for adminship that did not succeed. Please do not modify it.

Robert McClenon
final (36/23/12) ending 02:03, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

– I have been editing Wikipedia since June 2005. I have made some major article edits, such as the rewrite of Capitol Hill, Washington, DC. Many of my edits have been copy-edits. Many of my edits have had to do with disputes and trying to minimize the impact of disputes. If I am given administrative status, I will use my administrative powers primarily to deal with vandals and to enforce ArbCom decisions. Robert McClenon 01:33, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Candidate, please indicate acceptance of the nomination here:

Support Oppose
 * 1) Not already one? NSL E (T+C) at 02:08 UTC (2006-03-20)
 * 2) Strong support. I've had it in my mind for the last few weeks that I should contact him and offer to nominate him. He's a good editor, always tries to be fair, and is familiar with Wikipedia policy. Also, I know for a fact that he helps other Wikipedians behind the scenes, even though there are no diffs to provide as evidence. AnnH ♫ 02:16, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Just curious, but is this "help behind the scenes" provided on IRC or through email? Otherwise, how would he be able to help without leaving diffs? —Doug Bell talk•contrib 10:59, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * E-mail. And believe me, it's more than enough to compensate for a low count in article space. AnnH ♫ 12:03, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Why not?; user seems exceedingly fair, and capable: it` s about time. Zmmz 02:17, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Support: He knows the Wikipedia rules. He seems thoughtful and mature. - Richardcavell 02:26, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) support: Thoughtful, conscientious contributor who is unlikely to abuse admin powers.  No big deal.  Ombudsman 02:35, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Support yes good user, will make a excellent admin --Jaranda wat's sup 02:35, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Support. Despite relatively few article edits, you seem like a good editor, and I cannot find any reason other than that to oppose your nomination. Therefore, you have my support. Weatherman90 03:12, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Support per reasons above --Khoikhoi 04:22, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Support ditto; patsw 05:42, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Support Good editor with an extensive knowledge of wikipedia. --ManiF 06:52, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Support. Article edits are not the be-all-end-all; some of us use the preview button obsessively, and focus our efforts on keeping the place running, and that's a valid calling. Robert does a lot of very useful dispute resolution work. Essjay  Talk •  Contact 07:41, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Support as per ann L e idiot 10:43, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 11) Support. Aye, go on.  I have to say I'd rather see more article edits, but I'm confident you'll maje a good admin and one more concentrating on the dispute side is very welcome, you'll help balance someone not so keen on dispute resolution, like me. Hiding  talk 10:55, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 12) Support, just needs more article edits. --Ter e nce Ong 12:04, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 13) Support. Good contributor. haz  (us e r talk) 14:07, 20 March 2006
 * 14) Support. Str1977 (smile back) 14:10, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 15) Support A good user. -- S iva1979 Talk to me  14:20, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 16) 100% Absolute Support I've been thinking he's admin material for a long time. Oskar 18:05, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 17) Support -- we actually do need an admin to keep up with ArbCom rulings and contribute to their enforcement. Jkelly 20:44, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 18) Support Enough with this "not enough article edits" nonsense. There are plenty of admins who have made the majority of their edits in some other space (Arbitrator Fred Bauder is a good example of this - 48.1% of his edits are in the Wikipedia (project) space, compared to 21.9% in the article space). --TML1988 21:46, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 19) Support though weakly per Splash; nevertheless seems like would be good admin per other factors.  GUÐSÞEGN  – UTEX – 23:51, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 20) Support He seems like a fair, active contributer who doesn't mind getting involved in disputes to sort things out. --Kash 01:16, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 21) Support. "Editcountitis can be fatal." -- Jay  (Reply)  02:36, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 22) support.--Zereshk 03:45, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 23) Support Ordinarily I would be inclined to oppose an editor with so few article space edits. However, what I have seen of this editor is enough to reassure me that he is even tempered and has the best interests of the encyclopedia in mind. –Joke 16:40, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 24) Support --Latinus 23:14, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Strong Support, He is neutral. user:Acuman should not be qualified to vote since he is only voting against this member due to the Rfc. <IP_ADDRESS> 23:31, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Note - anons can't vote. Have you forgoteen to log in?Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 23:50, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Support as per AnnH and Joke. SouthernComfort 02:22, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Support, editcountitis is fatal, and I'd prefer 350 meaningful edits to 3500 meaningless ones. Good editor, and more to the point, unlikely to abuse his powers. Matt Yeager ♫ ( Talk? ) 06:36, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Support While the main article space edit count is relatively low, I'm glad someone is willing to invest so much energy in arbitration matters, which can be exhausting business.  OhNo itsJamie Talk 21:13, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) support Gol 02:03, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Support Meets my standards, and seems like admin material! - W e zzo (talk) (ubx) 08:41, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Support. Seems to have a good head on his shoulders. -Will Beback 09:29, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Support - I've always found him to be brusque and succinct, but never beyond-the-pale rude. Plenty of Wikipedians have done no mainspace editing other than 2000 clicks of the revert button on god mode, posted some fluff with smiley faces on other's user pages, and a few hundred AfD votes, and yet they sail through RfA.  Bizarre, no?    Proto    ||    type    11:07, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) support, i dont follow hard and fast standards i take it case by case, i believe this user would make an excellent admin based on his work, dont let this rfa get you down you are appricated!Benon 00:48, 25 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Support Another "not already one"? Septentrionalis 00:55, 25 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Kawaii Support -- Cool CatTalk 15:15, 25 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose (assuming acceptance of self nomination) Not enough article space edits to meet my minimum standards. —Doug Bell talk•contrib 02:08, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) *I'll bite: acceptance of a self-nom is implicit in the self-nomination. Hiding  talk 10:55, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, but I've seen other editors get criticized for opposing a self-nom before it had been self-accepted, so I figured I'd cover my bases. :-) —Doug Bell talk•contrib 11:05, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose only 250 article edits.Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 02:25, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Actually 350. :-D M o e   ε  02:28, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose Doesn't meet my standards. Only 350 article edits. M o e   ε  02:28, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Oppose Doesn't meet my minimum standards. ¡Dustimagic!  ( T / C ) 04:14, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Oppose The concerning thing is that the percentage of his article namespace edits are have declined over the recent months.  G i zza Chat  © 06:32, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Oppose Looks like a team player... but the mainspace edit count is too low. Personally, I think that should have the highest count. Nephron 06:56, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Oppose Per above --Masssiveego 08:28, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Oppose Agree with above, too new for me.--Looper5920 08:56, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Uhm... June 2005 is too new? NSL E (T+C) at 10:50 UTC (2006-03-20)
 * Excuse me, let me rephrase. Not enough work within the project for me to give a Support vote at this time.--Looper5920 06:49, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) I am uncomfortable with the notion of adminning someone who says eagerly that he will act as ArbComs' Enforcer. This is particularly true given the fact that this is coupled with dealing with vandals: but with so few article edits, this is clearly something he does not do. Clearly, all admins are charged with enforcing the Committee's decisions, but few of them actually walk around looking for opportunities to club people over the head with the rulings. I was interested to see that he has, in Q3, "dealt with several previous disputes by filing Requests for Arbitration" — going to ArbCom is a statement that the dispute has not been dealt with, and this should not be a first reaction to a dispute. Also in Q3, admins are empowered to decide who is a troll and a bully but it is left primarily to ArbCom to decide on the cases where this is not clear-cut. In short, the reasons for wanting admin buttons give me an uneasy feeling particularly when coupled with the comparatively small amount of work on the encyclopedia itself. -Splash talk 15:19, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Oppose Sorry you have not yet met my minimum standards. [[Image:Flag of Ohio.svg|20px]]  mm  e  inhart ''' 16:25, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Oppose per Splash. I personally respect this editor's judgment, but I share Splash concern over editor's stated desire for the mop. Enforcement of ArbCom rulings needs to be done, of course; but editors who are eager to do it give me pause.  Adminship is not a billy-club. Xoloz 17:39, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Oppose Not only does Robert McClenon make wild and absurd accusations like claiming that I and Melissadolbeer are one and the same, but the fact that he has such a small proportion of his edits actually to articles, and that he has so few edits to articles in general, make me think this request is quite inappropriate. --Victim of signature fascism | There is no cabal 18:42, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Oppose per Splash. AucamanTalk 01:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Oppose for low article edits.--Jusjih 03:15, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Oppose. While Robert is a very polite and amenable editor, I also can't help thinking he wants to wield a stick rather than a mop. And I have found his editing rather partisan - too ready to back up or take things on trust from editors on his 'side' - eg. fellow Catholics in the disputes at Pius XII; and I was worried by his deleting of the POV notice I put up there - papering over a dispute is not solving it. Bengalski 20:42, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Oppose. Relatively very few article edits, mostly concerned with getting involved in conflicts. Jayjg (talk) 22:21, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Oppose per all of the above (edit count wise)- M ask [[Image:Flag_of_Alaska.svg|20 px]] 03:01, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Oppose. Robert has made only 349 edits to the encyclopedia in eight months, yet in the same time has made 1,180 edits to project and project talk pages, many or most of them comments on other people's conflicts, particularly in Requests for Comment and Requests for Arbitration. He often doesn't fully inform himself before commenting, in my view, and I'd worry that this would lead to him frequently commenting on, or undoing, other admins' actions without knowing the background. I'd like to see more experience editing articles and much less interest in disputes before a promotion. Sorry Robert. SlimVirgin (talk)  06:47, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 11) Oppose, needs more time in the mainspace, WP is an encyclopedia first.  Dei z io  12:05, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 12) Oppose, lack of edits. Stifle 15:21, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 13) Oppose. Rude. Beyond rude. Everyking 22:33, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 14) Oppose per Slim. Sarah Ewart (Talk) 02:10, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 15) Oppose Low article space contributions, and per other concerns raised about ArbCom enforcement role. -- Cactus.man  ✍  14:15, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Neutral
 * 1) Neutral The low mainspace count concerns me. joturner 04:17, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Neutral I agree, there are too few mainspace edits. J I P  | Talk 07:31, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Neutral' Very little mainspace edits L e idiot. voted twice. Sorry about it.
 * 1) Neutral Per above. Not convinced by the answers. Dispute resolution doesn't need admin powers. --kingboyk 15:13, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Neutral: per answers to questions. Prodego  talk  02:49, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Neutral, leaning towards support. Low articlespace edits.-- May the Force be with you! Shreshth91 ($ |-| ŗ 3 $ |-| ţ |-|)  15:53, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Gah RM has what it takes, and the only reason to oppose seems to be article counts. But that count is sooo low. Robert, go sort 500 stubs to keep the counters happy, and then come back. --Doc ask?  09:36, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Neutral. per Doc. psch  e  mp  |  talk  15:04, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Rob Church 19:38, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Neutral, perhaps later. - Mailer Diablo 20:37, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Neutral per Doc. Mackensen (talk) 01:06, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Neutral lots of work in the rfc/arbcom/etc areas, but would like to see more Main space work — xaosflux  <sup style="color:#00FF00;">Talk  04:59, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Neutral, perhaps at a later date. Hall Monitor 21:15, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Comments

 * Edit summary usage: 93% for major edits and 81% for minor edits. Based on the last 150 major and 140 minor edits in the article namespace. Mathbot 02:00, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * See Robert McClenon's edit count and contribution tree with Interiot's tool.

Questions for the candidate

Dear candidate, thank you for offering to serve Wikipedia in this capacity. Please take the time to answer a few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? Please check out Category:Wikipedia backlog, and read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.
 * A. I think that the most important sysop chores are dealing with vandalism and dealing with violation of ArbCom rulings.  I do not think that sysops should block users except for vandalism or similarly obvious bad conduct.  Sysops should act quickly to enforce ArbCom rulings.  Robert McClenon 02:19, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

I am also willing to act as a mentor. Robert McClenon 02:19, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. I have not made as many edits in article space as I had originally hoped to make. The ones that I have made have been constructive.  I have been a very good copy-editor.  I am also proud of my role as a "voice of reason" in Wikipedia space, in which I have tried to recognize the views of different schools of thought, such as "product first" and "process first".  I am pleased with keeping my cool under stress.  Robert McClenon 02:19, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and how will you deal with it in the future?
 * A. I have seen a great deal of stress in Wikipedia.  It is an inherently stressful activity to try to develop an encyclopedia based on consensus.  I have always tried to back off from being personally stressed, and instead to look at every dispute objectively.  I think that I have done a good job of avoiding personal attacks even on difficult editors, and I know that I have done a good job of avoiding edit wars.  I have dealt with several previous disputes by filing Requests for Arbitration.  I think that other editors, whether admin or otherwise, should let the ArbCom, rather than individual admins, decide who is a troll or a flamer or a bully.  If I am an admin, I will enforce ArbCom rulings based on my best judgment.  Robert McClenon 02:19, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the talk page of either this nomination or the nominated user). No further edits should be made to this page.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
bicho

Etymology
From (note the derivative, 13th century, ), from  or.

Noun

 * 1) bug

Etymology 1
From, a masculine form of , from. .

Noun

 * 1) beast non-human animal
 * 2)  severely aggressive person
 * 3)  buddy close friend; also used as a general informal form of address
 * 4) bug
 * 1) bug
 * 1) bug

Etymology
, a masculine form of, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) bug
 * 2) vermin
 * 3) beast
 * 4)  vulva
 * 5)  penis
 * 6)  youngster, kid
 * 1)  penis
 * 2)  youngster, kid
 * 1)  youngster, kid

title: bicho


text:
Wikipedia:Meetup/San Diego/1000 Women in Religion 2019

 1000 Women in Religion Wikipedia Edit-a-thon at the 2019 AAR/SBL Annual Meeting   Hello and welcome!

Event Description
Did you know that only 18% of the biographical subjects and 9% of the editors on Wikipedia are women? WikiProject 1000 Women in Religion is a major initiative of the American Academy of Religion and Society of Biblical Literature (AAR/SBL) Women's Caucus. The project aims to address the under-recognized work of cis and transgender women in the world's religious, spiritual and wisdom traditions by adding 1,000+ women in religion onto Wikipedia.

At this workshop, which is being held at the 2019 AAR/SBL annual meeting, participants will sign up as wiki-editors, create their personal user page, learn the basics of editing and make their first wiki-edits. We can also help you to start a new article about a woman who is not on Wikipedia but should be included. Our worklist will focus on three categories: women scholars of religion; Latina scholars, religious leaders and faith-based activists; and notable women from California from any religious tradition. Participants are also welcome to work on women from any religious, spiritual or wisdom tradition who are not on the worklist. There will be plenty of time for questions and time for hands on assistance. No need to be a technological expert!

Join us in our effort to address gender bias on Wikipedia by improving the coverage of women in religion on Wikipedia.

PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED. DON’T FORGET YOUR COMPUTER!

Event Details

 * Date: Friday, November 22, 2019
 * Time: 9:00 a.m. - 1:00 p.m.
 * Location: San Diego Convention Center, 14-A (Mezzanine Level)
 * Who should attend: AAR & SBL Members, religious scholars, conference attendees, area librarians, and area Wikipedians who would like to help us in our effort to improve existing articles and create new articles about women in religion on Wikipedia.
 * Training: Find more information, tutorials and training modules at 1000 Women in Religion Project website.
 * Questions? For more information, contact Colleen  or Polly.

Agenda

 * Introductions
 * What is the “1000 Women in Religion Project” including a conversation about bias on Wikipedia
 * Is everybody signed up as a Wiki-editor?
 * Some basic training
 * Basic editing
 * Do you want to submit a new article?
 * Questions

Goals: Create user account (if new to Wikipedia), create user page with at least one sentence, sign up for edit-a-thon on the 1000 Women in Religion Wikipedia Meetup page, make at least one edit to a Wikipedia page.

Before you arrive

 * Let us know you are coming
 * Signup for a Wikipedia account and the 1000 Women in Religion Dashboard: 'here'. Consider concerns about anonymity when choosing a "user name" unless you want to be identifiable.
 * You can also signup for a Wikipedia account: here.
 * Register to attend: AAR/SBL Annual Meeting Registration
 * Due to the constraints of the room, space and security, all attendees need to be registered for the AAR/SBL meeting.

 * What to bring
 * Remember to bring your Laptop
 * Any research resources you would like to refer to.

Photographs and recordings taken at the event may be used in future marketing, publicity, promotions, advertising, and training activities for the WikiProject 1000 Women in Religion. If you would prefer not to have your photo taken, please notify one of the edit-a-thon facilitators.
 * Photography Policy

This event welcomes visitors of all abilities.
 * Accessibility

 * What else?
 * No Wikipedia editing experience is necessary as training will be provided.
 * No background in religion, diversity, or women's history is required as we will have resources on hand to cite.
 * Snacks, and beverages will be provided.
 * If you can't attend the event in person, feel free to help us from home with the worklist below. Add the name of the entry you edited to the "Outcomes" section below.

About the 1000 Women in Religion Project
The "1000 Women in Religion Project", a major initiative of the Women's Caucus of the American Academy of Religion and the Society of Biblical Literature, seeks to add over 1,000 names and contributions of religious, spiritual and wisdom women to Wikipedia, the largest encyclopedia in the world. The contributions of women in all fields of work, scholarship and life, including religion and spirituality, have gone under-recognized, across time and in our present-day context. This under-recognition, which is a form of gender bias, is reflected and reproduced in our commonly used sources of knowledge – in our history books, in our news media, even in our sacred texts. The more we can document and highlight the contributions of women leaders in their religious and spiritual traditions, the more we can change the perception that women have not been leaders. The Women’s Caucus is supported in this effort to raise up notable women onto Wikipedia by Atla and the Women’s Task Force of the Parliament of the World's Religions.

Workbench

 * Women in blue -- articles need improvement
 * Women in red -- need Wikipedia articles

Women scholars of religion and/or biblical studies

 * Katie Cannon - Christian theologian and ethicist, womanist theologian
 * Rebecca Chopp - former Chancellor of University of Denver, past president of AAR
 * M. Shawn Copeland - Womanist Theologian
 * Virginia Corwin - pioneer in comparative religious studies, past president of AAR -Obituary AAR Past Presidents
 * Diana Eck - Professor of Comparative Religion, founder of the Pluralism Project, Past AAR President
 * Mary Baker Eddy - founded Christian Science
 * Jacquelyn Grant - Womanist Theologian
 * Riffat Hassan - Pakistani-American scholar of the Qur'an, Professor Emerita, University of Louisville - UL page, Courier Journal article
 * Alice Hunt- AAR Executive Director
 * Eliza H. Kendrick - biblical scholar, past president of AAR -Obituary AAR Past Presidents
 * Grace Ji-Sun Kim - Korean-American theologian and scholar, member of the Board for AAR - article
 * Grace Yia Hei Kao - Professor of Ethics at Claremont, steering committee of Animals and Religion group and WOCSTAG at AAR - article
 * Dr. Ellen Margaret Leonard,CSJ - Professor Emerita, Sister of St. Joseph, feminist theologian and visionary, Canada
 * Mary Ely Lyman - Professor of Religion, past president of AAR
 * Violet Spiller Hay - Christian Science teacher and hymnist
 * Ingrid Mattson - Islamic scholar
 * Vasudha Narayanan- Professor, scholar of Hinduism -bio
 * Jamie T. Phelps - African American Catholic Theologian
 * Judith Plaskow- biblical scholar, past president of AAR
 * Leela Prasad - scholar of Hinduism, AAR Board member
 * Marcia Y. Riggs - womanist scholar
 * Letty Russell - feminist theologian
 * Annemarie Schimmel - German scholar of Islam - obituary
 * Ann Taves - former president AAR - 7 Women Scholars on the gender divide
 * Emilie Townes - womanist theologian, past president of AAR
 * Sallie McFague - feminist Christian Theologian
 * Traci C. West - Womanist Theologian
 * Delores Williams - womanist theologian
 * Gale A. Yee - current president, Society of Biblical Literature - SBL site
 * Rebecca Todd Peters - Christian Social Ethicist
 * Laura Lathrop - Christian Science Teacher and Healer
 * Theresa Ann Yugar - Feminist Latina Religion Scholar
 * Beverly Wildung Harrison - Christian Social Ethicist
 * Naomi Goldenberg - Gender, Politics, Psychoanalysis, and Religion
 * Lisa Sharon Harper - Freedom Road, USA; Evangelical Author
 * Mary C. Boys - theologian, professor, Dean of Union Theological Seminary
 * Heather Eaton - theologian, professor, eco-feminist

Latina Scholars, Leaders, Activists

 * Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa - scholar of chicana cultural theory, with spiritual themes in her writing
 * Dolores Huerta - activist (needs info on her Catholic identity) - https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/nearly-80-s-dolores-huerta-can
 * Ada Maria Isasi-Diaz- mujerista theologian
 * Daisy L. Machado - Professor of Church History, first Latina ordained in Christian Church/Disciples of Christ
 * Rigoberta Menchú - Guatemalan Activist, Nobel Prize Winner Nobel Prize bio
 * Maria Pilar Aquino - Professor of Theology at University of San Diego spanish wiki
 * Arlene Sanchez Walsh - Professor of Religious Studies, scholar of Latino Pentecostalism
 * Elsa Tamez - biblical scholar spanish wiki
 * Ivone Gebara -- mujerista theologian

Women with ties to California

 * Rita Nakashima Brock - author, activist
 * Anita Caspary - Catholic nun, head of religious order, co-founder of the Immaculate Heart Community
 * Rabbi Laurie Coskey - Executive Director San Diego Continuing Education Foundation, former President & CEO of United Way San Diego - San Diego Magazine, Times of San Diego
 * Rabbi Denise Eger - first openly LGBTQ rabbi to be named head of Board of Rabbis of Southern California -Jewish Journal
 * Lucy F. Farrow - Pentecostal pastor, key figure in the Azusa Street Revival.
 * Sande Hart - Past Chair for URI North America, co-founder of Spiritual and Religious Alliance for Hope (SARAH) - https://www.sarah4hope.org/about-us
 * Aimee Semple McPherson - Four Square Church founder - Christianity Today bio
 * Rosa Newmark - founder of Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Society in LA -Jewish Journal article
 * Karma Lekshe Tsomo - Buddhist nun, president of Sakyadhita International Association of Buddhist women - HuffPost
 * Monica Coleman - contemporary theologian associated with process theology and womanist theology
 * Rosemary Radford Ruether - feminist theologian
 * Sandra Marie Schneiders - feminist theologian
 * Barbi Weinberg - first Jewish woman to head a major council, head of Jewish Federation Council of Greater Los Angeles, and co-founder, Washington Institute for Near East Policy Jewish Journal

Lists to edit
These lists could use editing to increase the representation of women, or to expand the names of notable women listed in each category.

 * Lists of Buddhists
 * List of female Muslim scholars
 * List of religious studies scholars
 * List of scholars on the relationship between religion and science
 * List of writers on Buddhism

Resources

 * Inspiration for possible new articles
 * WikiProject Women in Red/1000 Women in Religion

 * Helpful sources and links
 * Leaders in the 75 Year Journey of the American academy of Religion

Outcomes
You can find a summary of our edits on our dashboard: https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/American_Academy_of_Religion_and_Society_of_Biblical_Literature_Annual_Meet/1000_Women_in_Religion_Edit-a-thon_Workshop_--_San_Diego

Monica Coleman--Octopushearts (talk) 20:29, 22 November 2019 (UTC) ''Working on grammar correction today--Karendikang (talk) 20:33, 22 November 2019 (UTC)


text:
Wasioja, Minnesota

Wasioja is an unincorporated community in Wasioja Township, Dodge County, Minnesota, United States. The community is located near the junction of Dodge County Roads 9 and 16. The South Branch Middle Fork of the Zumbro River and Dodge Center Creek meet at Wasioja. Nearby places include Dodge Center, Mantorville, and Kasson.

History
Wasioja was settled in 1854 and platted in 1856. A post office was established at Wasioja in 1856, and remained in operation until 1911. Wasioja is the native Sioux-language name for the Zumbro River. By 1860, the community's population had reached 1,000, its economy driven by limestone quarries, lumber, and agriculture. In 1860 the Minnesota Seminary was opened on the outskirts of town.

The town's fortunes were ruined by three separate events that led to its abandonment by most of its population. Its male population was decimated by the American Civil War, it was bypassed by the railroad in 1866, in favor of a southern route, and it failed to become the county seat of Dodge County. By 1870 the population had declined to 800.

Historic district
Most of the community is contained within the bounds of a historic district, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. Historically significant buildings include the Wasioja Baptist Church, Wasioja School, a Civil War recruiting station, and the stone Andrew Doig House. Also of historic significance are the ruins of the seminary, now a local park, and the limestone quarries on the outskirts of town.

title: Wasioja, Minnesota


text:
Seija

Etymology
Invented by linguist Yrjö Karilas for his daughter in 1917, from, a dialectal form of , also by association with.

Proper noun

 * 1)  popular in the 1930s and the 1940s

title: Seija


text:
User:Samkolafan1912

Me and my best friend adore Sam Kola. He is a beautiful artist. God must love our generation to provide us with such a kind soul as Sam Kola.

title: User:Samkolafan1912


text:
Talk:Derick Hougaard

Photo, Please
Does anyone have a photo or image they can upload to this page, please? SMSophiahounslow (talk) 11:03, 5 September 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Derick Hougaard. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120203072807/http://www.premiershiprugby.com/premiership/rugby/saracens.php?section=1 to http://www.premiershiprugby.com/premiership/rugby/saracens.php?section=1

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:08, 11 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Derick Hougaard. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090306224754/http://www.supersport.co.za/rugby/content.aspx?Id=2244&view=full to http://www.supersport.co.za/rugby/content.aspx?Id=2244&view=full
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110716031427/http://www.thebulls.co.za/article.aspx?print=1&id=261200 to http://www.thebulls.co.za/article.aspx?print=1&id=261200
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070314044416/http://www.bluebulls.co.za/profiles.asp?Id=125&cl=yes to http://www.bluebulls.co.za/profiles.asp?Id=125&cl=yes

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 18:47, 20 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Derick Hougaard


text:
Teodor Wålemark

Teodor Wålemark (born 25 June 2001) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Norrby IF.

Early career & BK Häcken
Wålemark spent his first months of life in Cyprus, where his father played professional football for AEL Limassol. They returned to Ljungskile in 2004, where Wålemark began playing football at the age of 5-6 at Ljungskile SK. When he was ten years old, the family moved to Gothenburg and football life continued in Västra Frölunda IF. As a 15-year-old, he was moved up to the A-team and after a half a season in the Swedish fourth division, where he also got his debut, he wanted to try new challenges. After a trial with BK Häcken's U19 team, which at this time was trained by Teddy Olausson, he impressed so much that despite his young age, he was promised a place in the U19 team's starting eleven. Wålemark played more or less all games for the team.

At the end of May 2019 the club confirmed, that Wålemark would be promoted to the first team squad in summer 2019, signing a professional contract until the end of 2021. However, he was never given the chance on the first team, before he left the club at the end of the season.

Ljungskile SK
On 28 November 2019, Ljungskile SK confirmed, that 18-year-old Wålemark had returned to his former childhood club on a deal until the end of 2021. Except for the first game, Wålemark played as a starter in the next 10 games in a row. In the beginning of 2021, Wålemark stated in public, that he wanted to leave the club. He officially left the club a few days later.

Lindome GIF
On 16 February 2021, Wålemark signed with Lindome GIF. He got his debut on 3 April 2021 against FC Trollhättan.

Norrby IF
On 20 December 2022 it was confirmed, that Wålemark had signed a two-year deal with Ettan Fotboll side Norrby IF.

Personal life
Teodor is the son of former Swedish footballer and current coach Jörgen Wålemark. Teodor was born in Cyprus, where his father played at the time. His uncle, Bo Wålemark, is also a football coach, while his cousin, Patrik Wålemark, also is a footballer.

title: Teodor Wålemark


text:
Cookbook talk:Bulgur Burgers

This module uses text originaly published in the Wikipedia article Bulgher burger. The authors of the text that was copied are included below:

* (cur) (last) 11:12, 15 Nov 2003 Guaka (bb is...) * (cur) (last) 11:11, 15 Nov 2003 Guaka (edit) * (cur) (last) 21:04, 30 Aug 2003 Error m (Links) * (cur) (last) 14:46, 20 Jul 2003 Michael Hardy * (cur) (last) 14:01, 20 Jul 2003 <IP_ADDRESS>

title: Cookbook talk:Bulgur Burgers


text:
Portal:Archaeology/Introduction

Archaeology is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains and environmental data, including architecture, artifacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes.

The goals of archaeology are to document and explain the origins and development of human culture, understand culture history, chronicle cultural evolution, and study human behavior and ecology, for both prehistoric and historic societies. It is considered in North America to be one of the four sub-fields of anthropology.

title: Portal:Archaeology/Introduction


text:
User:Sanjit222

Sorokhaibam Sunjit Kumar born on (02-08-1984) from singjamie makha sorokhaibam leikai,Imphal.Manipur.

title: User:Sanjit222


text:
Columbia-Brazoria Independent School District

Columbia-Brazoria Independent School District (CBISD) is a public school district based in the Kenneth C. Welch Administration Building in West Columbia, Texas (USA).

In addition to West Columbia, the district serves the city of Brazoria as well as the unincorporated communities of Wild Peach Village, Danciger, and East Columbia.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

Schools

 * Columbia High School (Grades 9-12)
 * West Brazos Junior High (Grades 7-8)
 * Barrow Elementary (Grades PK-6)
 * West Columbia Elementary (Grades PK-6)
 * Wild Peach Elementary (Grades K-5)


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Audacity

The is free, open source software for recording and editing sounds. It is available for download here for Microsoft Windows, macOS/Mac OS X and GNU/Linux.

What's it for?
This is a Wikiversity learning resource placed here to help folks with:
 * Getting started with sound recording
 * Creating music with your PC
 * Wiki Campus Radio
 * Topic:Audio Engineering
 * Topic:Learning Objects (The kind that can be heard)
 * Topic:Internet Audio

 * Converting to OGG for Wikiversity
 * One of the most important uses for Audacity at Wikiversity is to convert WAV and AIFF files to OGG files.

 * Wikiversity only uploads OGG files. Attempts to upload other file formats gets a very vague error message so you must use a program like Audacity to do the conversion.

 * To do this, start a new page in Audacity. Then IMPORT your WAV or AIFF file.   Trim and export to OGG.  Very easy!

Lessons

 * Wikiversity tutorial on installing Audacity and basic editing
 * /Processing vocals/
 * Audacity Tutorials

Getting started

 * Audacity User Manual
 * Audacity Website
 * Download Audacity
 * Audacity article at Wikipedia

Main menu
The main menu of audacity contains:
 * 1) File – New, Open, Close, Save Project, Save Project As, Export... (8 export options), Page Setup, Print, Preferences, Exit
 * 2) Edit – Undo, Redo, ... Move Cursor, Snap to...
 * 3) Select ' make audio selections
 * 4) View – Zoom In, Zoom Normal, Zoom Out, ... Float Mixer Toolbar, Float Meter Toolbar
 * 5) Transport - Playing, Recording, Scrubbing ...
 * 6) Tracks - Add New, Mix, ... Sync-Lock
 * 7) Generate – Silence, Tone, Noise, ...
 * 8) Effect – Amplify, Auto Duck, ... Truncate Silence, WahWah
 * 9) Analyze – Contrast, ... Find Clipping
 * 10) Tools - Macros, Screenshot, ... Sample Data Import
 * 11) Extra - provides access to Toolbar operations, commands for track focus and movement of the editing or playback cursor
 * 12) Help – Online Help, About Audacity

Wikibooks

 * Digital Music Composition/Tracking

Wikiversity

 * Wiki Campus Radio – wiki & radio
 * Wikiversity Reports – webcasts

title: Audacity


text:
Khotoch

Khotoch (Хоточ; ХӀотӀочӀиб) is a rural locality (a selo) in Gunibsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 1,172 as of 2010.

Geography
Khotoch is located 6 km north of Gunib (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khindakh and Gunib are the nearest rural localities.

Nationalities
Avars live there.

title: Khotoch


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Humane Quality

Link to any subpages this page might have

The Humane Quality is a component part of the Human Psyche (the Soul) that gives us a platform for Virtue. It can be thought of as a social singularity shared within a context of Mercy. The Collective Theology that has distilled itself into a colloidal constant provides a definition of both Quality, in terms of the Human Condition, and Quantity, in terms of the member_count for the Household of Faith. (Faith: the substance of things hoped for – the evidence of things not seen)

Perspectives
From a Theological perspective, topics dealing with Humane aspects of Humanity, give us reason to ponder that which is Beyond Reason or out-of-scope for those who adhere to strict logical guidelines. Kicking a dog, for example is considered a cruel and inhuman act. (exhibiting an in-humane quality). Mistreating a slave (though presumably, none exist today, at least in the so-called Free World]) is an even greater form of Malfeasance. For most qualified humans, such an act is imponderable, reprehensible, Beyond Logic and essentially an aspect of Defying Reason.

Defying Reason
Computer systems that do not accommodate the Humane Quality are in violation of a simple, time-honored rule:
 * That which serves is not greater than that which it serves.

Topic:User Interfaces Topic:User Interfaces that are too cryptic for normal users are not worthy to be called User Interfaces. Even from an Atheistic point-of-view, Kicking a dog or mistreating a slave, as a matter-of-logic, is generally construed as a misdeed that could lead to an Ethical Dilimma.

In terms of a study of the Humanities, and are the only ways of bringing to light, the problems manifest when a few "bad apples" concede to failure to exhibit the Humane Quality in their daily activities, online and off. This essay is presented as an appeal to all.

title: Humane Quality


text:
Category:Pages in need of proofreading

This category lists pages that have been tagged for proofreading using Proofread. Once you are finished proofreading these pages, please remove that tag, which will also remove the page from this category.

title: Category:Pages in need of proofreading


text:
buhl

Etymology
A pronunciation spelling of Boulle, a French woodcarver.

Noun

 * 1)  A particularly decorative piece of brass or other material, used as inlay in furniture or other works.
 * 2) Furniture having ornamentation of this kind.

title: buhl


text:
Template:2019–20 NHL Pacific Division standings/doc

Usage
This is a template that was created to easily update every article with the NHL Pacific Division standings. To use the update on any article, insert:

To highlight the Anaheim Ducks, insert:

The following are the codes for the teams in the Pacific Division:

 * ANA – Anaheim Ducks
 * ARI – Arizona Coyotes
 * CGY – Calgary Flames
 * EDM – Edmonton Oilers
 * LAK – Los Angeles Kings
 * SJS – San Jose Sharks
 * VAN – Vancouver Canucks
 * VGK – Vegas Golden Knights

Here is the listing of all NHL division and conference standing templates for the 2019–20 NHL season.

 * Template:2019–20 NHL Eastern Conference standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Atlantic Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Metropolitan Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Eastern Conference Wild Card standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Western Conference standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Central Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Pacific Division standings
 * Template:2019–20 NHL Western Conference Wild Card standings


text:
ampula

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1)  the dilated end of a duct.
 * 2)  the spongiole of a root.
 * 1)  the spongiole of a root.

Noun

 * 1) ampoule

title: ampula


text:
User:Altrin max

A. JOEL JEYANTH

A mysterious guy who lives a city of pearl called TUICORIN. He was born on 26th May 2003,￼

title: User:Altrin max


text:
Talk:Web quest

Is there a way to translate "Пясъчник" into an English word using Latin characters? --JWSchmidt 17:56, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Looks to me like it's about "Web quests". Also, it looks to me like this page doesn't need to be in the Wikiversity namespace - it should probably be moved into the "Main" namespace (ie. no prefix). Cormaggio 20:20, 12 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Web quest


text:
User:Jrboss09/be bold

Being bold is important on Wikipedia. It is also important to add credible information that can be fact checked accurately.

title: User:Jrboss09/be bold


text:
Teijo

Etymology
Vernacular forms of, , Latinised form of 🇨🇬, short form of names beginning with , a variant of the thunder god's name.

title: Teijo


text:
User:Eastlaw/Discipline in the Federal Bureau of Prisons

Discipline in the Federal Bureau of Prisons is regulated by the U.S. Code, by court precedent, by the Code of Federal Regulations, and by Program Statements. Major cases are handled by Discipline Hearing Officers who must complete DHO Training prior to entry to the position and pass the DHO Certification test. There is also a Unit Discipline Committee certification that must be completed within three months of appointment to a correctional counselor or unit manager position. The UDC is usually composed of those two officers who make decisions by consensus.

The Code of Federal Regulations Part 541 sets forth punishable offenses, their punishments, and disciplinary hearing procedures within the Federal Bureau of Prisons. Program Statement 5270.09 provides further interpretations of that Part. There are four series of disciplinary offenses, with the 100 series being the most severe offenses (such as killing) and the 400 series being the least severe. The U.S. Supreme Court held in Superintendent, Mass. Correctional Institution at Walpole v. Hill that due process required that prison disciplinary decisions to revoke good-time credits must be supported by "some evidence". Only a modicum of evidence is required, though. The rules state "The DHO’s decision will be based on at least some facts and, if there is conflicting evidence, on the greater weight of the evidence." The evidentiary standard “greater weight of the evidence” refers to the strength of the evidence, not to its quantity or to the number of witnesses testifying.

The Special Investigative Services department in federal prisons often relies on confidential informants (defined as a non-staff person who provides staff, usually at the person’s initiation, with information about the commission of an offense or about misconduct, and whose identity must be protected for personal safety) to provide tips about illicit activity. The accused has no recognized right in prison discipline proceedings to learn the identity of the informant or to cross-examine him. Policy states that the prisoner will be informed of the CI’s testimony "to the extent it will not jeopardize institution security, at the DHO’s discretion." A separate report, not available to the accused, is made by the DHO in cases where some aspects of the situation are deemed to be too sensitive to be revealed. This information can include, for example, CIs' identities and any information that might tend to reveal the CIs' identities, such as information on the CIs' reliability. Policy states, "Uncorroborated confidential information from a single informant is insufficient as the sole basis for a finding, unless the circumstances of the incident and the knowledge possessed by the informant are convincing enough to show that the information must be reliable."

The Prison Litigation Reform Act requires that before a federal prisoner can appeal his case to court, he must exhaust all of his administrative remedies. This means that after the punishment is imposed, the prisoner must appeal and be turned down (or ignored) by every level of appeal within the FBOP. The three levels of appeal are the Warden, the Regional Director, and the General Counsel, although if the DHO imposed the sentence, the case skips the first level and goes straight to the Regional Director. The decision-maker at each level is allowed to take a certain number of days to respond, which can be extended. In addition, the first step of the process is to receive the UDC or DHO report. In the case of UDC proceedings, the UDC must hear the case within five business days and provide a written copy of the disposition by close of business the next work day. In the case of DHO proceedings, there is no maximum number of work days before the DHO hearing, and a written copy of the disposition must be provided "ordinarily within 15 work days of the decision." Due to the delays inherent in the process, and the possibility of multiple remands back to the Disciplinary Hearing Officer or Unit Disciplinary Committee, it can sometimes take more than a year to exhaust administrative remedies. In the meantime, the issue may become partly or completely moot; for example, a punishment of 40 days in disciplinary segregation will usually be served before the DHO hears the case and appeal is made and responded to by the Regional Director.


text:
Talk:Derek Quinnell

I note Derek's education has been amended. As a resident of Ferryside, he was automatically sent to Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Carmarthen, before moving unexpectedly to Coleshill. I know he was at QEGS - I had the great honour of playing as a second row beside him for our year. That's why, since I have an interest, I can't amend the article again!

Pete (talk) 09:42, 18 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Derek Quinnell


text:
sign out

Verb

 * 1)  To sign one's name as an indication that one is leaving some location; to take some action to indicate one is leaving a secured program or web page on a computer.
 * He was the last person to sign out of the building that night.
 * After making the necessary edits, always sign out of the system.
 * 1)  To remove (something) and take (it) into one's possession, having registered or signed for it in some way as a record of possession and a promise to return it (e.g., by your signature or log-in credentials).
 * 2) To signal.
 * 3) To say something through sign language.
 * 1) To signal.
 * 2) To say something through sign language.
 * 1) To signal.
 * 2) To say something through sign language.

title: sign out


text:
Mandarake

Mandarake Inc. (まんだらけ) is a Japanese retail corporation that operates a chain of used good stores. Founded as a used bookstore specializing in manga in 1980, Mandarake incorporated in 1987 and currently operates 11 retail locations and one fulfillment center. The company focuses on the purchase and sale of a wide range of collectables and otaku-related goods, including anime- and manga-related items, DVDs, CDs, toys, figurines, trading cards, video games, cosplay items, animation cels, and dōjinshi (self-published works).

History

Mandarake was established by manga artist Masuzo Furukawa. A member of the Garo Trio (ガロ三羽烏) along with Shinichi Abe and Yuji Suzuki, Furukawa and the group became known in the 1970s for their work in the alternative manga magazine Garo. Initially established as a used manga store, Mandarake opened its first location at a seven-square meter storefront in the Nakano Broadway shopping complex in Nakano, Tokyo in 1980. Furukawa developed a public profile and promoted Mandarake through his appearances on We Appraise Anything, a variety series on TV Tokyo in which he appeared as an appraiser for rare and vintage manga.

The store was formally incorporated in February 1987, with Furukawa's father appointed as president. The company subsequently began a process of expansion, acquiring multiple stores in Nakano Broadway and widening its scope to sell a broader range of otaku-related goods. Mandarake opened its second store in Shibuya in 1994, and began to steadily expand its number of stores thereafter.

In 1995, the company established a publishing department that publishes Mandarake Manga List, a mail order catalog, and Mandarake Zenbu, a premium hobby magazine for collectors. Mandarake was listed on Mothers and became a public company on July 26, 2000, and moved to the Second Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange on February 1, 2015. In 2001, Mandarake launched Mandaray, an internet streaming television channel, in partnership with Activision. The channel, which aired a variety of otaku-related content, suspended service in 2008.

Operations

As of September 2018, toy sales make up the majority of Mandarake's business, composing 48 percent of all non-consolidated sales. Books compose 14 percent of all sales, doujinshi compose 13 percent, and other publications that are not books or doujinshi compose 1 percent; the remaining 24 percent of sales are composed of miscellaneous items. Exports compose 17 percent of Mandarake's non-consolidated sales.

Locations
In Kantō, Mandarake operates six locations: four stores located in Tokyo, one store located in Utsunomiya, and a warehouse fulfillment center located in Chiba. In Tokyo, Mandarake's first store in Nakano has operated continuously out of the Nakano Broadway shopping complex since 1980, which also houses the company's corporate offices. Nakano Broadway houses twenty-seven individual shops (also known as annexes or kan) operating under the Mandarake brand. Each shop is focused on a single category of item, such as cosplay costumes or doujinshi. Several Mandarake annexes in Nakano Broadway were once independent stores that were acquired by the company. Additional stores in Tokyo include Mandarake Complex, an eight-story store in Akihabara opened in April 2008; Mandarake Shibuya, which features a karaoke stage; and Mandarake Ikebukuro, a store located near Otome Road that specializes in boys' love and shōjo manga. Outside of Tokyo, Mandarake Utsunomiya is located in Mageshichō, Utsunomiya, while in rural Katori, Chiba, the company operates Mandarake Sahra, a storage and fulfillment center. Mandarake Sahra is open to the public for buyback only, and not sales.

In Hokkaido, Mandarake Sapporo moved to its current location at Norbesa from its former space at Sapporo Nanairo on March 17, 2012, tripling the size of the store. In Tōkai, Mandarake Nagoya moved to its current location in Naka-ku in 2007 due to insufficient floor space at its previous location; the move saw Mandarake Nagoya expand the size of the store from 266 square meters to 578 square meters.

In Kansai, Mandarake operates two locations located in Osaka. Mandarake's first store in Osaka, Mandarake Umeda, is located in Doyama. Its second location in Osaka, Mandarake Grandchaos, is located in Amerikamura. Two shop locations operate in Kyushu: Mandarake Fukuoka is located in Tenjin, and Mandarake Kokura is located in Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyūshū. Mandarake also operates an online storefront in both Japanese and English. The store ships items both domestically within Japan, and internationally to 83 countries.

Internationally, Mandarake operated a store in California from 1999 to 2003; initially located in Torrance, the store later relocated to Santa Monica before ultimately closing. The company also formerly operated a store in Bologna in 2001, and a store in Beijing.

Impact
Mandarake is the largest secondhand comics retailer in the world, with the company's financial success cited by Philomena Keet in Tokyo Fashion City as "a testament to the fervor of Japanese fanatics, the dedication of Japanese collectors, and the richness of Japan's material culture." The company sells and purchases roughly ten thousand items per day, and has a point of sale system that includes over 20 million items. Its original pricing and appraisal operations are recognized as having a major impact on the secondhand book market. The company maintains a policy of purchasing items at roughly half the cost it plans to resell the item, which was noted by The New York Times as bringing transparency to the often opaque appraisal market.

The company actively seeks foreign customers, offering an English-language online store and sales staff fluent in foreign languages. The company also promotes itself as a tourist attraction in Japan, and is marketed as a major destination for foreign otaku.

Notable incidents
In 2003, Mandarake was accused of selling improperly-acquired manuscripts by Kenshi Hirokane and Yayoi Watanabe. The items in question were sold to Mandarake by Hirokane and Watanabe's publisher Sakura Comics in an unsuccessful attempt by the publisher to stave off bankruptcy, rather than returned to the artists per their publishing agreements. Mandarake contended that it had no way of knowing that Sakura Publishing was not permitted to sell the manuscripts; the manuscripts were ultimately returned to the artists in a subsequent lawsuit.

On November 16, 2012, a former Mandarake employee petitioned the Tokyo District Court for the payment of unpaid overtime from the company, claiming that he was not compensated for time spent at work before and after store opening hours. The plaintiff sought ¥2,292,246 in unpaid wages and additional damages of ¥2,194,046. The court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, and ordered Mandarake to pay ¥2,233,606 in unpaid wages and additional damages of ¥2,108,165.

In 2016, the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department cited Mandarake under the Antique Business Law for insufficiently verifying the identities of individuals who purchased items from Mandarake in online auctions. Under that law, individuals purchasing secondhand goods must identify themselves with photo identification, in order for police to track the movement of secondhand goods that may have been stolen. The Tokyo District Court consequently suspended Mandarake Complex's online sales license for one month, and fined the company ¥300,000.

In 2018, an original illustration from Ai to Makoto, one of a series of fifteen believed lost in 1974, was listed for sale in an online auction by Mandarake. Ai to Makoto publisher Kodansha requested that the illustration be returned to the company, and issued a statement asking the public to not bid in the auction. The illustration ultimately sold at auction to a private buyer for ¥4 million.

2014 shoplifting incident
On August 4, 2014, a vintage Tetsujin 28-go tin toy worth ¥250,000 was shoplifted from Mandarake Nakano. Mandarake posted an image of the shoplifter taken from security camera footage on their website with the subject's face obscured using mosaic censorship, alongside a statement that the image would be posted with the pixelation removed if the item was not returned within a week. The Tokyo Metropolitan Police requested that Mandarake not publish the uncensored image; though Mandarake initially stated that it would not comply with the request, the company ultimately elected not to publish the uncensored image.

The incident prompted a public debate over the ethics of Mandarake's actions, and whether they constituted an illegal threat of intimidation. In an interview with Weekly Toyo Keizai, Mandarake president Masuzo Furukawa stated that decision to post the image was motivated by a desire to have the item returned, and to deter future shoplifters. Shoko Nakagawa was among the public figures who voiced support for Mandarake's actions.

On August 19, 2014, the shoplifter was identified as Kazutoshi Iwama and arrested by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police after he attempted to sell the toy to another secondhand store. Iwama stated that he was unaware that Mandarake posted his image until after he was arrested. He was later sentenced in court to one year of imprisonment and three years of probation.

title: Mandarake


text:
Siddiq Baloch

Siddiq Baloch (alternatively Siddiq Balouch or Siddique Baloch) (10 February 1940 5 February 2018) was a Pakistani journalist, and senior political economist.

He was Editor-in-chief of the English daily Balochistan Express (Quetta), an Urdu daily Azadi, and the English Weekly Express, (Quetta). He also regularly contributed columns to Dawn newspaper for nearly 29 years, and was an authority on Balochistan's social, political and economic matters.

Personal life
Siddiq Balouch was born in the suburb of Chakiwara near Lyari, in Pakistan's 'business capital' Karachi, but migrated to Quetta, Balochistan in 1990.

He advocated for 'freedom of expression' and, over the years, has spoken openly against dictatorship and bans on the media. When the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) Ordinance was amended in November 2007 by President Pervez Musharraf, placing curbs on the media, Balouch told Weekly Pulse: PEMRA ordinance is a bid to muffle the right to freedom of expression and voice of truth. But this voice cannot be stifled in the present age. All the steps being taken by the incumbent unconstitutional and illegal rulers are alien to constitution. The way the media and civil society members are raising voice against it is laudable.

Education
Balouch attended a neighbourhood primary school in Karachi. He sat his Matriculation examination from the famous Sindh Madrasatul Islam School, in 1959. He joined SM College in 1961, from where he graduated in 1964.

Balouch had a master's degree in Economics, which he was awarded in 1966 from the University of Karachi.

Politics
Siddiq Balouch took an active part in politics from an early age. As a student, he was elected as the President of the Students' Union at the SM College from 1963 to 1964.

He had been an active member of the left-wing National Students Federation [NSF], and participated in the Anti-One Unit movement, as well as a campaign against three-year degree courses. He was also one of the founding members of the Baloch Students Organization [BSO], when it was established in 1962, and became its senior vice president in 1966.

Balouch was affiliated with the National Awami Party (NAP) and served as Press Secretary to NAP's Ghous Bakhsh Bizenjo, the then Governor of Balochistan, for four months, between 1972 – 1973. When the NAP government was dismissed by President Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto on the alleged charge of implication in the infamous Hyderabad Conspiracy, Balouch was jailed for five years, and released only when Bhutto's government was overthrown by General Zia ul Haq.

In August 2008, he accompanied Prime Minister Gillani on a three-day visit to Sri Lanka.

When the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) government returned to power in February 2008, Balouch was among the leaders who welcomed it, chiefly because new President Asif Ali Zardari was a Baloch, and he had 'defeated a dictator with his political might.'

However, he also said that the challenges ahead for the Pakistan Peoples Party in Balochistan were tough, and that a complete end to military operation and provision of space to all political stakeholders was the only real solution.

Journalism
Siddiq Balouch joined Pakistan's oldest and most widely circulated newspaper, Dawn, as its sub-editor in 1966, and worked there in different capacities for nearly 29 years.

In 1981, he was elected as President of the Karachi Union of Journalists. He took an active part in the freedom of expression movement, and served two terms. He was also elected as President of the Balochistan Newspapers Editors Council, and as a Vice-President of the Karachi Press Club.

Over the years, Balouch had written for the Daily Balochistan Express, and also served the Council of Pakistan Newspaper Editors (CPNE) as its Balochistan Vice President.

He is one of the most widely quoted journalists by the Pakistani and International media on Balochistan-related issues. He had extensively travelled as a part of his journalistic activities.

He was the editor of the Balochistan Express, and publishes an Urdu paper called Azadi [Liberty].

As an author
Balouch had authored a book on the politics and economy of Balochistan, titled A Critical Comment on the Political Economy of Balochistan, which was released in January 2004, in a ceremony organised by literary organisation, Daira.

title: Siddiq Baloch


text:
påsk

Etymology
From, from , from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) Passover
 * 2) Easter
 * 1) Easter

Usage notes

 * In the song line, "till påska" is an archaic genitive controlled by the prepostion

title: påsk


text:
Yasmine Azaiez

Yasmine Azaiez (born 16 October 1988) is a British-born violinist of Tunisian descent. She currently resides in Tunisia.

Education
Yasmine began to play the violin when she was just four years old. When Yasmine was eight years old, she was accepted into the Yehudi Menuhin School in Surrey, England. She began performing on stage at around eleven years of age, and, when she was seventeen years old, she earned second place at the "Young Musician of the Year Competition" in Sevenoaks, Great Britain. The panel of that competition consisted of teachers from the Royal College of Music in London who praised her for her talent, professional approach, and stage presence. She continued her studies there until 2008. During her time at the Yehudi Menuhin School, she was an active participant in concerts put on by the school.

Yasmine moved to the United States when she was 18, having earned a spot at the New England Conservatory in Boston, Massachusetts. Later, in 2010, she was placed on the honor roll by the Dean of the Conservatory. In the same year, she was one of nine finalists in the Global Youth Violin Competition in Sydney, where she represented Africa and the Middle East.

Fusion
'Fusion' was recorded in the United States in collaboration with keyboardist Shane Simpson, guitarist Phil Aelony, bassist Brad Barrett, drummer Steve Langone, percussionist Mohamed Abdelkader Bel Haj Kacem and saxophonist Dylan Sherry.

The 'Jazz' Album
The 'Jazz Album' was released on 13 November 2014.
 * 1) Ode to Evan
 * 2) Ode to Joe Morris
 * 3) Black is the Color of my True Love's Hair
 * 4) Ode to Self
 * 5) Epistrophy
 * 6) Ode to Cecil Taylor
 * 1) Ode to Self
 * 2) Epistrophy
 * 3) Ode to Cecil Taylor
 * 1) Ode to Cecil Taylor
 * 1) Ode to Cecil Taylor

After You Go
'After You Go' was released by The Wig & Panooc under Urban House Recordings on 10 June 2017 and features Yasmine Azaiez.

African Jasmine
On 20 January 2020 Yasmine released a new album (Live Session) African Jasmine, she came back with a new experience which brings new rhythms and sounds from the African continent.

The album contains five tracks:

 * 1) Africa
 * 2) Ble Bik
 * 3) Blacker the Flower
 * 4) Leila
 * 5) African Jasmine
 * 1) Leila
 * 2) African Jasmine
 * 1) African Jasmine
 * 1) African Jasmine

Music Videos
Yasmine has performed in Music Videos for her songs Neon Balloons and Fabulous.

Concerts and Tours
Yasmine has performed at well-known venues with well-known orchestras and musicians around the world. Notable sites include the Royal Albert Hall with Evgeny Kissin, The Merchant Taylors Hall alongside Sarah Chang, and the Sheldonian Theatre with Andras Schiff. In each of the aforesaid venues she played as a classical violinist. The Westminster Philharmonic, the Lebanese Symphony Orchestra, and the ‘ Balle de Vienne’ Orchestra have also featured her as a soloist in their concerts. Her work as an improviser has allowed her to collaborate with other globally recognized artists. She played with Naseer Shamma at the Cairo Opera House, Joe Morris at the Bimhuis, Quai de Branly in Paris, an dKinan Azmeh at the Royal Opera House in Muscat, as well as with Ramy Ayach, Agusti Fernandez, Rami Khalifa, Anthony Coleman, and Cory Pesaturo. Aside for performing for an audience, Yasmine also performed in a masterclass to Elvis Costello at the New England Conservatory in 2013 as well as masterclasses at the Royal Opera House of Oman, the Institute of Music in Tunisia, and at MIT in Massachusetts.

In film
In the 2011 film Tunisians Stories, which was directed by Nada Mezni Hafaiedh, Yasmine plays the role of Shams, one of the main protagonists in the film. Along with acting in the film, Yasmine also composed the score for it. It was shown at festivals world-wide, including the Cannes Film Festival in 2012.

The Yasmine Azaiez Academy
Yasmine selected a group of students to mentor in Tunisia. The project aims to help inspire young musicians to become soloists and orchestra players locally and abroad. The students are being prepared to participate in Yasmine's future concerts. The Academy hopes to shed light on what leaps can be made in music departments in Tunisia with limited financial resources.

title: Yasmine Azaiez


text:
Robert Sorley Lawrie

Robert Sorley Lawrie (27 June 1903 –23 May 1977) was a Scottish architect who worked in the department of the Dublin City Architect Horace Tennyson O'Rourke.

Early years and education
He was probably a son of Robert Lawrie, a plumber, of 12 Claremont Street, Aberdeen and his wife Jennie Robb. He studied architecture at Robert Gordon's College from September 1919 to June 1921 then was a pupil of George Bennett Mitchell in Aberdeen until September 1924. He returned to Robert Gordon's College for the post-diploma course which he completed in June 1925.

Career
He and Herbert George Simms were appointed assistant architects to the Dublin City Commissioners in June 1929. He was responsible for most of the work of converting Charlemont House to the Municipal Gallery in 1933. He designed the Inchicore Public Library in 1937 and was responsible for ones in Ringsend, Phibsborough and Drumcondra all built the same year.

He was living in Dublin in 1945 but had left by 1947, taking up the post of County Architect for Fife.

Personal life
He married Anne Dempster McDowall on 1 June 1933. She survived him.

title: Robert Sorley Lawrie


text:
Tatya Tope

Tantia Tope (also spelled Tatya Tope, Marathi pronunciation: [t̪aːt̪ʲa ʈoːpe]; 16 February 1814 — 18 April 1859) was a notable commander in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Early Life
Born as Ramachandra Panduranga Yewalkar to a Marathi Deshastha Brahmin family, in Yeola, (near Nasik). Tantia took on the title Tope, meaning commanding officer. His first name Tantia means General. A personal adherent of Nana Saheb of Bithoor, he progressed with the Gwalior contingent after the British reoccupied Kanpur (then known as Cawnpore) and forced General Windham to retreat from the city. Later on, Tantia Tope came to the relief of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi and with her seized the city of Gwalior. However, he was defeated by General Napier's British Indian troops at Ranod and after a further defeat at Sikar, he abandoned the campaign.

According to an official statement, Tantia Tope's father was Panduranga Yewalkar and his mother was Rukhma Bai. Tope was a Maraṭha Vashista Brahman by birth. In a government letter, he was said to be the minister of Baroda, while he was held identical to Nana Saheb in another communication. A witness at his trial described Tantia Tope as "a man of middling stature, with a wheat complexion and always wearing a white chukri-dar turban".

Tope was executed by the British Government at Sipri (now Shivpuri) on 18 April 1859.

Initial engagement at the Indian rebellion of 1857
After the rebellion in Cawnpore (Kanpur) broke out on 5 June 1857, Nana Saheb became the leader of the freedom fighters. When the British forces at Cawnpore surrendered on 25 June 1857, Nana was declared Peshwa in late June. After a defeat, Nana's troops had to withdraw to Bithur, after which Havelock crossed the Ganges and retreated to Awadh. Tantia Tope began to act in Nana Saheb's name from Bithur.

Tantia Tope was one of the leaders of the massacre of Cawnpore, which occurred on 27 June 1857. Afterwards, Tope held a good defensive position until he was driven out by the British force on 16 July 1857. Afterward, he was defeated by General Cyrill in the Second Battle of Cawnpore, which started on 19 November 1857 and continued for seventeen days. Tope and his army were defeated when the British counterattacked under Sir Colin Campbell. Tope and other rebels fled the scene and had to take shelter with the Rani of Jhansi, while aiding her as well.

Clash with Colonel Holmes
Later on Tantia and Rao Saheb, after assisting Jhansi during the British assault successfully helped Rani Lakshmibai escape the attack. Together with Rani Lakshmibai, they took control of Gwalior Fort declaring Hindavi Swaraj (Free Kingdom) under the name of Nana Saheb Peshwa from Gwalior. After losing Gwalior to the British, Tope and Rao Saheb, nephew of Nana Saheb, fled to Rajputana (present-day Rajasthan). He was able to induce the army of Tonk to join him.

Continued resistance
Even after the Revolt of 1857 was put down by the British, Tantia Tope continued resistance as a guerrilla fighter in the jungles. He also defeated Ratan Singh in Siege of Charkhari.He induced the state forces to rebel against the Raja and was able to replace the artillery he had lost at the Banas River. Tope then took his forces towards Indore, but was pursued by the British, now commanded by General John Michel as he fled towards Sironj. Tope, accompanied by Rao Saheb, decided to divide their combined forces so that he could make his way to Chanderi with a bigger force, and Rao Saheb, on the other hand, with a smaller force to Jhansi. However, they combined again in October and suffered yet another defeat at Chhota Udaipur.

By January 1859, they arrived to the state of Jaipur and experienced two more defeats. At this point, he met Man Singh, Raja of Narwar, and his household and decided to stay at his court. Man Singh was in dispute with the Maharaja of Gwalior while the British were successful in negotiating with him to hand Tope to them in return for his life and protection of his family from any reprisals by the Maharaja. After this event, Tope was handed to the British and left to face his fate. The British army brought him to Shivpuri.

Execution
Tantia Tope admitted the charges brought before him, but noted that he might be held accountable only before his master, the Peshwa. He was executed on 18 April 1859 at Sipri. Every year State Government and locals pay tribute to Tatya Tope on this day and organised Shaheed Mela.

title: Tatya Tope


text:
Godlike Snake

Godlike Snake is the first album by the Italian experimental metal band Ufomammut, released in 2000 on the Beard of Stars label.

title: Godlike Snake


text:
The Great Weaver from Kashmir

The Great Weaver from Kashmir (Vefarinn mikli frá Kasmír) is the third novel by Halldór Kiljan Laxness, published in 1927 by the Reykjavík publisher Forlagið. The theme of the work is a young man's soul and search for truth, faith and love, and his choice between love and faith. It is particularly noted as the seminal modernist novel in Icelandic.

Plot
The novel is divided into eight books and one hundred chapters; the number of the chapters echoes the number of cantos in Dante's Divine Comedy, and it too 'records its young protagonist's own heaven, hell, and purgatory'.

Book 1 introduces us to the family of Valgerður Ylfingamóðir and Elliði: their sons Örnólfur and Grímúlfur, Grímúlfur's wife Jófríður, and their own son Steinn Elliði.

Book 2 is largely a series of epistolatory monologues by Steinn's childhood friend and sweetheart Diljá Þorsteinsdóttir, and his mother Jófríður, exploring their dependence on Steinn and their frustrations with life.

Book 3 follows Steinn's travels in Continental Europe and Britain in 1921–25, and his grappling with Christian theology.

Book 4, which is mostly third-person narrative, explores Diljá's ultimately unhappy marriage to Örnólfur.

Book 5 continues to follow Steinn's travels in Europe and Egypt, and his soul-searching.

Book 6 sees Steinn desperately seeking spiritual meaning by entering a Benedictine monastery at Sept Fontaines in Francophone Belgium. In the end, however, he decides not to take holy orders and to return to Iceland.

Book 7 recounts Steinn's return to Iceland, where he discovers Diljá's marriage to Örnólfur and fails to find satisfaction among his family in Reykjavík. It is again dominated by third-person narrative.

Book 8 sees Steinn returning to a monastic life in Continental Europe. Diljá, who has parted from Örnólfur, pursues him, and meets him in Rome. Steinn rejects her, and the novel closes with the image of Diljá abandoned in Rome.

Style
The novel to a large extent is an epistolatory novel, comprising letters and sometimes literary works (both prose and verse) or monologues by its characters. It is littered with untranslated epigraphs and quotations by characters of material in other European languages. The modernist narrative mode was characterised by Peter Hallberg as 'very consistently' implying 'an abrupt break with the native Icelandic tradition of narrative art. The story is freely subjective; its rhythm varies like an unstable temperature curve. The principal character, the young Icelandic poet Steinn Elliði, who shares many essential experiences with his author, engages the reader in a whirl of often paradoxical and conflicting ideas.'

Reviews
The Great Weaver from Kashmir had diverse effects on readers when it came out. Two critics are the most famous. Kristján Albertsson wrote a review of ten pages that appeared in the magazine Vaka the same year as the book was published. It opened thus: "Loksins, loksins tilkomumikið skáldverk, sem ris eins og hamraborg upp úr flatneskju íslenzkrar ljóða- og sagnagerðar síðustu ára! Ísland hefir eignazt nýtt stórskáld — það er blátt áfram skylda vor að viðurkenna það með fögnuði. Halldór K. Laxness hefir ritað þessa sögu á 24. aldursári sínu. Ég efast um að það komi fyrir einu sinni á aldarfjórðungi að skáld á þeim aldri semji jafn snjallt verk og þessi saga hans er. Á 64. gráðu norðlægrar breiddar hefir það aldrei fyr gerzt." "At last, at last, an impressive literary work, that rises like a cliff-city from the flatness of Icelandic poetry- and narrative-production in recent years! Iceland has begotten a new great writer — it is our duty to acknowledge it with joy. Halldór K. Laxness has written this story in the 24th year of his life. I doubt that it will happen once in a quarter of a century that a poet of that age makes an equally ingenious work as this story of his is. At a 64 degree north latitude this has never been done." However, Kristjan's judgment is not all of one character, and he also says that the work is "no masterpiece", "in some places contrived, fake, unscrewed, its metaphors tasteless or ugly" ("ekkert meistaraverk", "sumstaðar tilgerðarlegt, falskt, forskrúfað, líkingar bragðlausar eða ófagrar"), but it continues: "the development of today's Icelandic narrative style takes half a century's jump with this book of H. K. L." (Þróun tímaborins íslenzks sögustíls tekur hálfrar aldar stökk með þessari bók H.K.L.").

In the same paper was a review by Gudmundur Finnbogason, which was far shorter, and runs as follows: "Vélstrokkað tilberasmjör. G. F.". Hard to translate, this means something like 'machine-churned witch-butter'.

English translation

 * Halldór Laxness, The Great Weaver From Kashmir, trans. by Philip Roughton (Brooklyn, NY: Archipelago, 2008).

title: The Great Weaver from Kashmir


text:
Talk:David Tanenbaum (guitarist)

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title: Talk:David Tanenbaum (guitarist)


text:
Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:WikiProject Ethiopia/Template:Main Page

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The result of the discussion was Delete. — xaosflux  Talk 05:27, 26 February 2015 (UTC)

Wikipedia:WikiProject Ethiopia/Template:Main Page

Unused project page DexDor (talk) 19:03, 8 February 2015 (UTC)