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Akhaltsikhe Castle

Akhaltsikhe (Rabati) Castle (ახალციხის (რაბათის) ციხე) is a medieval fortress built in the 9th century under the name "Lomsia Castle" in the city of Akhaltsikhe in southern Georgia, recently globally reconstructed. One of the main attractions of the Samtskhe-Javakheti region along with Vardzia.

Name
The original name of the fortress in the 9th century was Lomsia, which can be translated from Georgian as "Lion". At the end of the 12th century, Lomsia acquired the new name Akhal-tsikhe, which literally translates as “New fortress”,the Arabic name "Rabati" means fortress. Rabati was usually called the trading quarter at the fortress, earlier mainly Jewish merchants and craftsmen lived in the Rabat quarter, however mainly after reconstruction the name stuck to the all fortress itself. On the official web site of municipality of Akhaltsikhe town and on the official Facebook page of the fortress the name is "Akhaltsikhe (Rabati) Castle" was used or just "Akhaltsikhe Castle." In most of all historical documents castle is mentioned as Akhaltsikhe castle

History
According to the Georgian Chronicles the city was established in the 9th century by Guaram Mampali, son of the King of Tao. At the end of the 12th century Lomsia turned into a real city with the new name Akhal-tsikhe (New Fortress), which in addition to the fortress had a serious system of city-wide fortifications – high walls, guarded entrance gates and watch towers. From the 13th to the end of 14th centuries it was the capital city of Samtskhe-Saatabago, ruled by the Georgian princely (mtavari) family and a ruling dynasty of the Principality of Samtskhe, the House of Jaqeli.

In 1393 the city was attacked by the armies of Tamerlane. Despite the Turko-Mongol invasions, the fortress withstood and continued to thrive. After the Treaty of Constantinople in 1590, the whole territory of Samtskhe-Saatabago came under the rule of Ottoman Empire.

Metropolitan John writes in the late 18th century that "despite the fact that a large part of the population has been Islamized, there's still a functioning Orthodox church." After the Treaty of Georgievsk between the Kingdom of Kartli and the Russian Empire was signed, the question of the fate of Akhaltsikhe arose. The first attempt to take the fortress in 1810 failed. However, Prince Paskevich successfully stormed the fortress 18 years later, in the great Battle of Akhaltsikhe. After the Treaty of Adrianople in 1829, the Ottomans yielded this part of Akhaltsikhe Region.

The fortress and its adjacent buildings were extensively rebuilt and renovated in 2011–2012 in order to attract more tourists to the area.

Architecture
Akhaltsikhe originally consisted of three parts: the castle, the surrounding citadel and the greater city proper. The castle was surrounded by three ramparts and was connected with adjacent areas by tunnels. Within the citadel, aside from the castle, there was a large courtyard, an arsenal, a mint, a bath and a church. In 1752, Georgian ruler Haji Ahmed-Pasha Jaqeli built a mosque within the castle in the style of the Byzantine Orthodox Church Hagia Sophia of Constantinople using the typical structure of a Georgian Orthodox church, with an added madrasah and a minaret. The mosque functioned for 76 years until 1828. Later, in 1850 by order of the Russian emperor, it was consecrated in the name of the Virgin Mary and functioned as a church for another 92 years until 1920.

Restoration
In May 2011, the reconstruction of the Rabati fortress began, which was accompanied by the restoration and completion of many buildings that were destroyed in time immemorial. For this purpose, the Government of Georgia allocated 34 million lari from the state budget. As part of the project, the Akhmediye Mosque, the mosque minaret, the madrasah, the Jakeli castle, baths, the citadel, the walls of the fortress and the Orthodox Church were updated on the territory of the fortress. The tunnel leading to the Potskhovi River was also restored. As part of the project, two main streets of the fortress were repaired, a pavement was equipped, and the facades and roofs of buildings were restored.

title: Akhaltsikhe Castle


text:
Eno Barony

 Ruth Eno Adjoa Amankwah Nyame Adom (born 30 October 1991), known professionally by her stage name Eno Barony, is a Ghanaian rapper and songwriter. Born in Tema, Accra, she released her debut single, "Wats Ma Name" and also "Tonga", the remix of the track "Tonga" by Joey B ft Sarkodie in 2014 that lifted her into the limelight. It was claimed she was the first Ghanaian female rapper to hit a million views on YouTube.

Early life and education
Rapper Eno Barony was born Ruth Eno Adjoa Amankwah Nyame Adom at Ghana's port and business metropolis of Tema, to father, Reverend Abraham Nyame Adom and mother, Mrs. Rebecca Nyame Adom. Eno began her schooling at Shallom Preparatory School and went on to Cambridge Academy for her lower elementary education. She finished her Junior High School at Methodist J.H.S and pursued her senior secondary education at Methodist Day Secondary School in Tema and continued to achieve her tertiary education at Kumasi Polytechnic.

Music career
Even though she had previously recorded other singles, Eno came to wider attention when she released her first single, "Tonga", in 2014, which received commercial airplay. She later recorded more songs including "Megye Wo Boy" in 2015, on which she collaborated with Abrewa Nana. In 2015, her mother died. After several months of mourning, she broke the silence with hip hop song titled "The Best" with multiple award-winning Togolese artiste and Brand Ambassador for Togocel, Mic Flammez. She recorded a single, "Daawa", with Shatta Wale in 2016. The same year, she collaborated with rapper Kwaw Kese on a single called "GARI". She also collaborated on two other singles, "Touch the Body" with Stonebwoy, and "King of Queens" with Medikal. In 2017, she released a song titled "Juice Me" followed by another single with Ebony Reigns, titled "Obiaa Ba Ny3".

Awards, nominations and achievements
Though known for rapping, she executed Save Mama Today project with Stay Jay, FlowKing Stone, Dr Cryme and other notable artists. In 2014, she was nominated for Vodafone Ghana Music Awards first edition of the unsung category. She performed alongside Popcaan and Jah Vinci at the Ghana Music Week held at the Accra Sports Stadium. She also headlined the Closeup festival alongside Ghanaian rapper, Sarkodie. She was nominated for Jigwe awards. Her collaboration with Togo's Mcee Mic Flammez got a nomination for Best Hiphop video at 4Syte Music Video Awards. She ran for the Best Female Rapper award and was nominated for the Jigwe Award for Best New Act the following year. In 2015, she played for the third year in a row at the Ghana Music Week Festival. . She performed at the Ghana DJ Awards and at the Ghana Freedom Concert (S Concert). That same year she headlined the Joy FM Old School reunion alongside Stonebwoy and participated in Adom FM's Temafest in 2016 alongside other artistes. She was made the music commissioner for Ghana Meets Naija 2017. Best Rapper Nominee at Vodafone Ghana Music Wards 2018. In November 2020, she won the African Muzik Magazine Awards (AFRIMMA) award for Best Best Female Rap Act in Africa.

In March 2021, she was among the Top 30 Most Influential Women in Music by the 3Music Awards Women's Brunch. She won an award at the 2021 3Music Awards to become the first female artiste in Ghana to have won 'Rapper of the Year' award. She become the first Ghanaian female to be awarded Best Rapper at the VGMA beating the likes of Sarkodie, Amerado, Medikal, Strongman and Joey B in 2021.

Singles

 * "Juicy Me"
 * "Wats Ma Name"
 * "Mene Woaa" ft Yaa Pono
 * "Drive Me Crazy"
 * "Love and Pain" ft Kesse
 * "Tonga"
 * "Megye Wo Boy" ft Abrewa Nana
 * "Daawa" ft Shatta Wale
 * "The Best" ft Mic Flammez
 * "Touch the Body" ft Stonebwoy
 * "King of Queens" ft Medikal
 * "Obiaa Ba Ny3" ft Ebony Reigns
 * "Gari" ft Kwaw Kese
 * "Fear No Man"
 * "Beauty and The Beast"
 * "Do Something"
 * "Do Something" Remix ft Wendy Shay
 * "Ay3 Ka"

2019 Singles

 * "Heavy Load"
 * "Mind Your Business" Kofi Mole
 * "Falling In Love"
 * "Voice Of Truth" Akwaboah

2020 Singles

 * "Rap Goddess"
 * "Argument Done"
 * "force dem to play nonsense" ft Sister Deborah and Strongman
 * "Cheat" ft Kelvyn Boy

 * "Game Of Thrones"
 * "Enough Is Enough" ft Wendy Shay

2021 Singles

 * "4Eva" ft Yaw Tog

2022 Singles

 * "The Finish Line" ft Amerado

Albums

 * Yaa Asantewaa
 * Ladies First

Performances

 * Ghana Meets Naija Concert, May 2017 at the Accra International Conference Centre.
 * GOtv Launch Street Party 2013 in Kumasi.
 * Akwambo Music Festival 2017
 * Rapperholic Concert 2017
 * Eno Barony - Mommy

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Eno Barony


text:
Veal (surname)

Veal is an English surname, arriving to England from the Norman conquest in 1066. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Coot Veal (1932–2021), American baseball player
 * Demetrin Veal (born 1981), American football player
 * Donnie Veal (born 1984), American baseball player
 * Jack Veal, Child actor
 * Jennifer Veal (born 1991), English actress
 * Kristen Veal (born 1981), Australian basketball player
 * Rohan Veal (born 1977), Australian sailor

title: Veal (surname)


text:
Talk:Scott McCloud

Untitled
I think Scott Mccloud's wikipedia entry deserves a lot more attention. -Sam

The "quote" referencing cave paintings is erroneous. I do not believe Scott McCloud ever said cave paintings were comics. Where did this information come from? Citation?

Have you noticed that "Making Comics" directs to here? Perhaps not a problem, but if not, we should remove the link to "Making Comics." It's silly to have a page link to itself.

Scott McCloud and Kurt Busiek
There's no mention of the fact that Scott McCloud (still can't get used to that spelling) was a childhood friend of Kurt Busiek and that they created near-professional quality comic books together in high school. I'd add it, except for the fact I can't cite supporting materials. I went to high school with them, so I have direct knowledge of this. Scott & Kurt were obviously both prodigies and I think that's relevant, but I don't want to violate the wikipedia policies on citing sources.

Ct4ul4u (talk) 00:39, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

I think you can find this in lots of places. Scott's afterword to Marvels mentions it, to my recollection. I think Scott may even talk about it in one of his ~ Comics books. Probably something in the collection of Zot!, too, although I have none of these books with me at the moment (moved to a new city, didn't take much with me). Just check these books if you have em, I'm absolutely certain you'll find something in one of them. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:08, 4 January 2010 (UTC)

Scott McCloud and Penny-arcade
Something should be in here about Scott McCloud's fight with PA or at least some criticisms of his work.  <IP_ADDRESS>

 * I have to agree with this. After all, it wasn't simply a "vanity fight" over most page hits or the highest popularity, but it was based on differing outlooks with regards to the medium and future of webcomics (inspite of the petty insults). And a few other prominent webcomic creators, such as Kurtz got involved in it, too, which made the webisode (ha! geddit?) all the more notable. <IP_ADDRESS> 18:37, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

Family and last name
Should we mention that he is married and has a family, and that his last name was Anglicized to the current one, though it is pronounced the same way (the current article is modestly misleading on this point)? -- Gwern (contribs) 21:34, 18 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I always wondered if his name had anything to do with Fox. :P Shay Guy 00:05, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I asked him about that, and alas, it does not. :( --Gwern (contribs) 01:04, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

 * The names of his two daughters are Sky Mcleod and Winter Mcleod and he is married to Ivy Ratafia. An interesting respelling of the name. --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:37, 31 October 2011 (UTC)

WP:POV, "Scholar", uncited statements.

 * I removed several comments that represented a point of view of the editor ("popular", "most ambitious", "widely considered", etc...).
 * From the information in this article, Mr. McCloud would not qualify as a "scholar". His writings represent a personal point of view, rather than an amalgamation of information based on a founded basis of non-partisan research.  I found the qualifier "theorist" used elsewhere on this page to be much more aplicable and have edited the statements refering to Mr. mcCloud as a scholar to match.
 * I am tagging this page as containing uncited statements, please see inline citations I added.

LeilaniLad (talk) 14:03, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

Removing "citations missing" tag
I've removed the "citations missing" tag since there are seven citations in the article already. If there are specific parts of the article that need citations, please tag those specific parts or draw attention you concerns here on the talk page. --Dragonfiend (talk) 21:52, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

Making Comics redirect
Does anyone else realize that Making Comics redirects here? That probably should not be like that.--Mynameisnotpj (talk) 02:00, 9 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Until someone writes a Making Comics article, the redirect makes sense. --Dragonfiend (talk) 05:18, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

Awful Paragraph about McCloud's theories
I haven't read Understanding Comics in years, but I'm still virtually certain that the below is a mistake:

"For example, he addresses how time in a comic frame is supposed to be seen as multiple variations of time where several things are happening at different moments in the same space. However, readers go through comics and don't realize that more than one moment in time has been occurring; this frustration is shared by McCloud and many other artists."

This is absurd, from what I know of McCloud. He would never limit what could happen in a single frame. Certainly, he points out that a single frame can contain more than one moment, but he doesn't say this of every panel. There are frames where only one moment is occurring, and readers are thus right to think that only one moment is occurring. This silly interpretation of McCloud is not cited so there's no way to check that McCloud never said this. But nevertheless I am confident it is mistaken. Furthermore, if what I say here is right, then McCloud feels no frustration about the phenomenon, as it is a non-existent phenomenon. And just who are these 'other artists' who agree with this fictional McCloud?

"He also emphasizes how readers are so used to reading in a left-to-right or up-to-down direction that they start to feel as if comics are a linear medium, when in reality, readers have the option of changing the direction of what they are reading. In this day and age, people are conditioned to read in a left to right, concrete fashion. Throwing them outside of this programmed path confuses people. They are not used to the fact that, as a reader, they have choices in which direction they would like their comic story experience to go."

Um, again, what? I don't think McCloud says that you can read a story right-to-left if it has been written left-to-right. I mean of course you can, but I don't think McCloud advocates this. On the contrary, in Making Comics McCloud talks about a good comic story being a clear one -- reading panels in the 'wrong' (or 'unintended') order would certainly be a barrier to acheiving this goal. Now he might be a bit more flexible with writers -- he may inform them that they can write right-to-left if they wish (and certainly, in regards Manga writers, he definitely endorsed this), and he may have even told writers that they can experiement with the expected flow of a comic (e.g., left-to-right' in an American comic), but even so I'm sure he would have said it with a note of caution. He'd probably admit that Alan Moore's Promethea #33 shows that comics with an unusual flow can work, and I know his webcomics play with flow, but in both cases the authors have been very careful that the readers don't read anything in 'the wrong order' (Moore did this by making every which way the 'right way,' and I think McCloud does it by arrows). Nowhere does McCloud say that you can just pop out a copy of, say, Amazing Spiderman and just have the whole thing run from bottom to top or something like that. Actually, that might be kind of cool, but again you'd probably have to put a whole heap of thought into how that was going to work for readers, because McCloud is quite big on clarity.

 * I think you're misreading the paragraph. It's pretty straightforward: because past Western artists have stuck to very simple layouts, people and future artists are blinded to the other 2D paths/layouts. McCloud definitely does have a section where he discusses how there are many many possible layouts, gives a few examples (like the multiple-outcome one about ice cream & videos), and IIRC also mentions how Japanese manga tend to use a different layout than left-right or up-down. I read UC a few days ago, and that section, at least, is poorly written but I wouldn't say incorrect. --Gwern (contribs) 14:30 4 January 2010 (GMT)

Hi Gwern: Certainly McCloud would agree that there are many possible layouts to a comic, but there’s a difference between layout and flow. A six-panel grid and a nine-panel grid are different layouts, but both can have the same ‘flow’ (left-to-right and down the page). Perhaps ‘flow’ is a term he introduces in Making Comics, but I hope this is informative as an introductory remark.

Now I’ve also no doubt that McCloud says that comics can have unusual flows. I don’t know if your ice-cream example is an example of differing flows or differing layouts, but certainly he says that Manga has a different flow than Western comics. But in this case that’s only because Japanese writing has a different flow than Western writing – that difference has merely been tranlated to Manga. So Manga isn’t an example of unusual flow either. But as I say above, McCloud’s own webcomics (and, on the more extreme end, Moore’s Promethea #33) are examples of unusual flow. With these things clear (a necessary move, I think, as you and I have different McCloud diatribes fresh in our heads), I will move onto the substantive point of your comment.

I think you’re arguing that McCloud’s endorsement (?) of the above type of comics justifies the wiki-writer’s contributions. But as I say in my earlier post, there is surely a difference between a writer intending that some comic be read up the page and a reader getting to choose whether they read up the page. As far as I am aware, McCloud has never endorsed the latter, and if he did I have no idea where he did so (as the wiki-writer gives no reference). And it is certainly the latter that the wiki-writer attributes to McCloud:

“as a reader, they have choices in which direction they would like their comic story experience to go” and “readers have the option of changing the direction of what they are reading.”

This is incorrect: only in some cases (perhaps Promethea #33 is the best example) can the reader choose (in any significant sense) which way they want to read the comic. And in this case it is only because the writer has allowed them to. I think that even in McCloud’s own experiments with flow, the reader doesn’t get to ‘choose’ which way they want to read the story: they’ve got to read certain panels after other panels, even though the flow is unusual. The writer basically gets to decide which way one reads a comic, whether that is up the page, down the page, or all around. In fact, after reading Making Comics, I think McCloud would be aghast at the suggestion that the reader (in the general case) gets to choose which way he/she reads the comic. He talks about being careful how you write your comic, so that the reader knows which panel to read next. Left-to-right and down the page (unless you’re doing something experimental) in a Western comic is the way to go!

I think that the wiki-writer has certainly misread or misrepresented UC (and almost contradicted MC), but I’m not sure whether you have done so as well or if you have just liberally interpreted the wiki-writer’s comments. In any case, I’m fairly certain that McCloud does not say you can pick up any old comic and read the panels in any order, and this is specifically what the wiki-writer attributes to McCloud.

But anyway, now that it’s all been removed, the whole article reads a lot nicer, and I think on this you agree, so at the moment it’s probably best to just leave it, I think.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:57, 5 January 2010 (UTC)

So, in short, an awful, awful, awful paragraph -- and the fact that the above has been included but interesting facts like the reception of 'Making Comics' are nowhere to be found is very perplexing. I'd delete the whole paragraph, if not for the fact that I'm always reluctant to just delete something without putting something else back in its place. But I'm not sure what to put here -- to what are the authors referring? There's no indication. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:39, 4 January 2010 (UTC) --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:55, 4 January 2010 (UTC)

 * The edit where the material was introduced was by   by . They both seem like unsources POV to me. Further they do seem to miss-represent "Understanding Comics" imposing a particular interpretation. For now I'm remove it. (There is a feeling that section this may actually refer to "Reinventing Comics" rather than UC). --Salix (talk): 15:12, 4 January 2010 (UTC)

Great -- and by all means put it back in if it can be sourced, but I just really doubt it can be. Reads a lot nicer, thanks.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:08, 5 January 2010 (UTC)

Suggested edits
I am not going to edit this page directly due to WP:COI concerns (I have both a personal and a business relationship with McCloud, including being a publisher of the book 24 Hour Comics listed in the biography), but I am going to suggest some corrections and expansions that other editors here should consider putting in: --Nat Gertler (talk) 16:29, 7 December 2013 (UTC)
 * Either Early life or at the beginning of Artist and theorist, it should include: During his high school years, he collaborated on comics with his schoolmate Kurt Busiek. While still teenagers, the two of them, together with fellow teenagers Christopher Bing (a 2001 Caldecott Medal winner) and Richard Howell, created the first licensed Marvel/DC crossover comic Biff! Bang! Pops!, a one-shot sold in conjunction with a 1978 Boston Pops performance of comics-themed music.
 * In Artist and theorist, it should include that he had a job as a production artist in DC Comics while he developed Zot!, but I don't have a convenient source for that.
 * Personal life: McCloud has not lived in Newbury Park for years now; this should be reduced to just "California".
 * Awards: Should add 2007 Quill Award for Best Graphic Novel for Making Comics
 * Awards: Nominations: Should add 1994 Hugo Award for Best Related Non-Fiction Book for Understanding Comics

 * Richard Howell was a New Jersey Governor who died in 1802. He was long dead by the time Biff! Bang! Pops! was published. Richard Howell (comics) was the person who drew said crossover.  Mtminchi08 (talk) 05:33, 7 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Okay, I did just edit to flag a dead link... but am avoiding substantive edits. Still "Finally, in 2006, he released Making Comics."? That's final? McCloud is never going to do another work of comics theory or practice again? Sounds presumptive. --Nat Gertler (talk) 16:23, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

Good source to use
See here This is an excellent interview about his influences. —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 04:48, 5 February 2015 (UTC)

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A couple quick editing notes
I've got too much WP:COI with Scott to go in and make these adjustments myself, but someone else should look at them and consider implementing the changes.
 * McCloud maintains an active online presence on his web site where he publishes many of his ongoing experiments with comics produced specifically for the web. - given that it isn't really active at this point (last blog post just shy of two years ago), perhaps rework this to On his website, McCloud has published many of his ongoing experiments with comics produced specifically for the web.
 * He married Ivy Ratafia in 1988, with whom he has two daughters, Sky and Winter. Given that he had the daughters with Ivy, not with 1988, this should be In 1988 he married Ivy Ratafia, with whom he has two daughters, Sky and Winter. --Nat Gertler (talk) 04:55, 10 February 2019 (UTC)

 * I've made the second change, and also removed the names of the daughters. No obvious harm in it, but I think it's best to air on the side of caution for WP:LPNAMEs. Grayfell (talk) 06:10, 12 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Scott McCloud


text:
Bradford Graves

Bradford Graves (26 July 1939 – 16 April 1998) was a sculptor, musician, and teacher. Born in Dallas, Texas in 1939, Graves was graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1957 and attended Texas A&M University. He went to New York in 1958 and received a BA and MA from Goddard College. With Manhattan as his base, he pursued an extraordinary range of interests.

Graves taught at Parsons School of Design and was a professor of Fine Arts at Fairleigh Dickinson University. He participated in many solo and group exhibitions, received numerous grants, awards, and critical recognition from many admirers.

He was married to Verna Gillis for thirty-four years.

Bradford Graves Sculpture Park opened May 2010 in Kerhonkson, New York.

Reviews and quotes

"...The compositional schemes balance masses in a way that expresses tension between the forces of growth and gravity….I remember his past shows as being primarily of carved stone sculptures of pronounced archaic or totemic character." —Edward J. Sozanski, The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 3, 2005

"The limestone carvings of Bradford Graves are a celebration of profound perplexity and mystery. They explain themselves neither quickly nor easily. Instead, they invite deliberately paced intellectual search and spiritual speculation...Stimulating the exercise of imagination, the sculptures challenge to invent their own relevant meanings...these silent pieces of chiseled rock plumb the sublime. In their unique way they illuminate mystical depths...there is a growing coterie of admirers able to appreciate the majesty implicit in Graves’ language of form." —Burton Wasserman, Art Matters, May 1996

"Bradford Graves is an original and ingenious form maker....Graves’ display, one of the most striking and profound sculpture solo exhibitions in Philadelphia in recent years, presents a profusion of abstract shapes that seem to well up from the artists imagination as in natural growth." —Victoria Donohoe, The Philadelphia Inquirer, March 11, 1989

"Bradford Graves’ sculpture is complex. We see carved limestone slabs that look like the ruins of ancient walls. In front of them are horizontal pieces of limestone grooved in a geometrical pattern. One senses obscure, mystical meaning which is moving...Graves’ work is difficult to describe but very much worth seeing...Graves is a sculptor worth following. His work is original and very interesting indeed, and the Thorpe Gallery is much to be commended for showing such radical, yet resolutely untrendy work." —John Caldwell, The New York Times, March 8, 1981

"Two unusually accomplished artists are now on view. Especially impressive is Bradford Graves, a sculptor who works imaginatively in limestone. Graves seems to be creating modest-sized monuments...his work is most effective when they create the impression of almost natural elements such as one might find, perhaps, in a Surreal seaside landscape." —James R. Mellow, The New York Times, May 19, 1973 "Another fine display of sculpture may be seen at Georgetown University’s Inter-Cultural Center and features the work of New York sculptor Bradford Graves...More so than with the work of many modern sculptors, the viewer must rely on his intuition to interpret his pieces...In sum, Mr. Graves’ sculpture is enigmatic. It unites the twin themes of natural organic development and human-imposed structure. It succeeds. The success of this synthesis occurs on a strictly subliminal level: and it's good that it does because it keeps one thinking, questioning." —Michael Weizenbach, The Washington Times, May 1, 1986

"Art galleries no longer show much carved stone sculpture which makes the show by Bradford Graves something of an anomaly. He wants it to say stone in the traditional sense, but he also tries to make it a vehicle for contemporary sculptural language. This results in work that looks a bit other worldly, as if it had dropped in from another planet....The sculptures look archaic, like archeological artifacts. On the other hand their abstraction is organic and totally contemporary which sets up a rather vigorous clash of sensations. ...Either way, it gets your attention." —The Philadelphia Inquirer, April 9, 1993

"Bradford Graves sustains the greatest amount of interest through his low-keyed and highly evocative works of profound originality....His work combines pallid, subtly textured rock with water that rests in a track-like indentation that runs down the length of limestone. The elements slowly fuse....In other works Graves evokes his haunting rhythms, stimulating quiet contemplation of his most unusual and visionary gems of sculpture." —Barbara Cavaliere, arts magazine," September 1978

"An unusually accomplished artist is now on view in the museums’ galleries. Bradford Graves works imaginatively in limestone, sometimes smoothing it into seemingly weather, slab-like shapes, sometimes breaking it up into smallish, gravel-like chunks, and sometimes even stringing it together with strands of rope. Graves’ works are most effective when they create the impression of almost natural elements such as one might find, perhaps, in a Surreal seaside landscape." —Elizabeth Steves, The New York Times, May 19, 1973

Personal philosophy about sculpture
“The making of sculpture may be taken as a desire for wholeness: The recognition of one’s identity as part of the earth and its materials. In the confrontation of one’s inner image with physical materials, a dialogue begins and the result is a sculptural statement. Through this dialogue an attempt is made to clarify subject and object matter. The subject matter is the discovery, and not how much I know as I fabricate the sculpture. The object matter is the myriad of personal preconceptions that we transfer on to materials. People, cultures, other objects, past events - All become the excess baggage of symbols carried around with us. become the basis of abstract object art. Out of this confrontation, what we look for is the art of “The real.” The real is the dialogue between fabricator and his materials, not a dialogue with oneself. One wants to touch, walk the earth, and create a place for events. The material I have chosen to have a working dialogue with is stone. Stone, one of the oldest sculptural materials, not to be confused with its architectural use, has been limited by its outer boundaries, the monolithic block. I have attempted to overcome this by utilizing work methods derived from constructivism, the pitting together of separate blocks allowing space to become an active part of the sculpture. This is a unifying method of working that allows each unit of my sculptures to create its own reasons for existence. The process is analogous to crystallization. First there is the idea, the basis of an internal ordering of structure, expanded or split into different units. From this, the resulting segmentation of a conceptual idea through physical units hints at the crystallization. They become like stars in the night sky, each defined by its own space, but perceived together they make up the fabric of a universe.” —Bradford Graves.

title: Bradford Graves


text:
Wikibooks:Textbook development process

''This is still very much of a proposed set of Guidelines. As Wikitext gains some experience and material, they will become better organized, more explicit, and clearer. You can help with that process by editing this page.'' - The development and maintenance of a useful textbook can be an open and collaborative process. The applied use made of the resulting book can also be open and unrestricted. But the book itself cannot be. Even an on-line or electronic book must have stability to be useful. It must present a complete and structured view of the subject domain, with an instructive pattern that exposes the elements of that domain to the reader. This can only happen within a Wiki kind of project if there is more of a structure on book projects than there is on the Wikipedia itself. This guideline is intended to provide an overview of that structure. - Each book is treated as an ongoing project, whose goal is to produce the next version of a useful text. To accomplish this there are ultimately up to three concurrent versions of a book:
 * 1) The static or completed or released book (an edition).
 * 2) The structured and edited (but incomplete) next edition (Beta or alpha version).
 * 3) The scratchpad or draft version of element revisions, new elements, etc. destined for a future edition.

Wikitext Projects
A new text, or a major revision, starts with a definition of the book to be produced. The first step to creating a wikitext is to create this definition. The definition includes the:
 * Scope defines of the domain to be covered.
 * Audience defines the target reader or user and also implies the level of material included.
 * Textbook Methodology defines any specific technique to be used throughout (e.g. Interactive Programmed Instruction or Classroom Supplement with Exercises).
 * Prerequisites defines any preliminary material that is generally to be excluded or given only summary treatment. For example, a book on Modeling and Simulation in Physics could include or exclude topics on Linear Programming or Distributed Multiprocessing.

Table of Contents
The next step is to create the Table of Contents. This is much more important in texts than in the Encyclopedia because it lets anyone working on a topic know what has come before them. Ideally, this is firmed up and adjusted in an iterative process before too much detail work on elements. The suggested way to do this is to create the first shell for each element (Part, Chapter, Section) next by writing the introduction for that element. A good introduction tells the student what will be covered, how it relates to what has gone before, and any specific prerequisite knowledge. Seeing how these fit together may cause changes to the TOC, etc.

Templates
Next, or concurrent with the TOC, the writers and editors will develop a set of templates for Parts, Chapters, Sections, Exercises, etc.

Templates that are created for one book should be mentioned in that book's local manual of style. (Eventually those templates will be categorized in the Category:Book specific templates hierarchy).

You may also find some general-purpose templates useful. For example, many books use the prerequisite template, the Wikiversity template, the many category:box Templates, various category:page formatting templates -- especially the various category:quotation templates.

Glossary and Appendices
If the text contains these they should be started early so that format and type of content are visible to everyone working on any element.

The Promotion Process
When an area or section of the text becomes both complete and stable enough, it is promoted to a frozen level, with a status of 'alpha'. While it may still be altered in the development area, the only changes expected here are those to integrate pages with each other. Any changes needed should be made to the working area page and then it is re-promoted. When an edition is virtually completed at Alpha, its primary developers will plan on a date for release and begin its preparation as Beta status material. This phase is marked by some unique handling of the material, analogous to proofreading in the paper publishing world or quality assurance in software development.
 * Changes might be needed here but excluded from the active (Wiki) pages. These will be mostly in the areas of internal links, examples, glossary, etc.
 * A unique edition is being created. So emphasis shifts to internal flow, cohesion, completeness. There should be no open internal links.

title: Wikibooks:Textbook development process


text:
User:Bradthelad02

Hey, I m Brad from Earth. I am a far right nationalist and like to play poker. My friends are cool and we have lots of the swag. Hope you enjoy my edits fam.

title: User:Bradthelad02


text:
User:Isma2012.

Hello my name is isma2012

I am here to help in any way possible; I am also here to LEARN as much as I can. I want to contribute as much as possible. The Schools I am most interested in are, (In interest order) The School Philosophy, The School of Mathematics, and The School of Computer Science. I am fairly new to wikiversity, so if I make a mistake please point it out, or anything that could help me improve in a positive way. Thanks.

--Isma2012 14:30, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

title: User:Isma2012.


text:
Wikiversity:Request custodian action/Archive

Archived material from Request custodian action can be found at:

 * Archive 1 (August 2006 - January 2007)
 * Archive 2 (February 2007 - August 2007)
 * Archive 3 (September 2007 - October 2007)
 * Archive 4 (November 2007 - September 2008)
 * Archive 5 (September 2008 - December 2008)
 * Archive 6 (January 2009 - June 2009)
 * Archive 7 (July 2009 - June 2010)
 * Archive 8 (July 2010 - August 2010)
 * Archive 9 (September 2010 - December 2010)
 * Archive 10 (January 2011 - February 2011)
 * Archive 11 (March 2011)
 * Archive 12 (April 2011 - October 2011)
 * Archive 13 (November 2011)
 * Archive 14 (December 2011 - January 2012)
 * Archive 15 (February 2012 - September 2013)
 * Archive 16 (October 2013 - December 2013)
 * Archive 17 (January 2014 - December 2014)
 * Archive 18 (January 2015 - December 2015)
 * Archive 19 (January 2016 - December 2016)
 * Archive 20 (January 2017 - December 2017)
 * Archive 21 (January 2018 - December 2019)
 * Archive 22 (January 2020 - December 2020)
 * Archive 23 (January 2021 - June 2023)
 * Archive 24 (December 2021 - December 2022)
 * Archive 25 (July 2023 - December 2023)
 * Archive 26 (January 2024 - February 2024)NEW
 * Archive 27
 * Archive 28
 * Archive 29
 * Archive 30
 * Archive 31
 * Archive 32
 * Archive 33
 * Archive 34
 * Archive 35
 * Archive 36


text:
User:Jthornhill16/Evaluate an Article

Evaluate an article
This is where you will complete your article evaluation. Please use the template below to evaluate your selected article.

 * Name of article: Flehmen response
 * Briefly describe why you have chosen this article to evaluate.

I chose the evaluate this article because it was classified as a C-class article, and upon reading it I gained interest in the topic. This may possibly be a contender for my in-depth project.

Lead

 * Guiding questions

The lead clearly defines what the Flehman response is, and mentions a possible reason for why the behaviour occurs. It also briefly discusses on the biological aspects of the behaviour, not overly in depth but just enough to understand before they do fully explain it later in the content. Everything mentioned in the lead is further discussed in the content. It is concise and a good introduction for the topic. Although, the lead does not have one citation and nothing mentioned can be considered common knowledge, therefor it is likely plagiarized.

 * Does the Lead include an introductory sentence that concisely and clearly describes the article's topic?

 * Does the Lead include a brief description of the article's major sections?
 * Does the Lead include information that is not present in the article?
 * Is the Lead concise or is it overly detailed?

Content

 * Guiding questions

The articles content is relevant to the topic, nothing seems out of place or unnecessary. Based on the dates of the references, the dates range from 1813-2014, so it is fairly up to date with the exception of the origin of the behaviour. The Similar Functions section could be furthered discussed, the author mentions a new idea without discussing it further. It could belong if there was further evaluation on the area.

 * Is the article's content relevant to the topic?
 * Is the content up-to-date?
 * Is there content that is missing or content that does not belong?

Tone and Balance

 * Guiding questions

The article is neutral, the author does not favour one specific reason for the behaviour and mentions multiple. However, they do clarify one reason mores than the others. This may be because there is more research that focuses on that possible reason versus the others. The article is very scientific so theres not much opportunity to persuade readers in comparison to articles that discuss opinionated pieces.

 * Is the article neutral?
 * Are there any claims that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?
 * Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented?
 * Does the article attempt to persuade the reader in favor of one position or away from another?

Sources and References

 * Guiding questions

The referencing in this article is very poor. The author provides very detailed explanations, most of which have no citations with them. They write entire paragraphs more than once without any referencing. The sources provided are mostly recent (2012-1014), and are reliable sources as they are mostly all scientific articles. After checking a few links, most of them required purchasing or an account to view them so I was unable to fully see the articles. The author also changed the formatting of some of the references, most of them were APA but some were MLA formatted.

 * Are all facts in the article backed up by a reliable secondary source of information?
 * Are the sources thorough - i.e. Do they reflect the available literature on the topic?
 * Are the sources current?
 * Check a few links. Do they work?

Organization

 * Guiding questions

The article is well written, I did not notice any grammatical errors. The transitioning between content was clear. The lack of in text citations was alarming so it was hard to focus on the content without that to strengthen the information, anything I was reading may or may not have been true or have a scientific reasoning to back it up.

 * Is the article well-written - i.e. Is it concise, clear, and easy to read?
 * Does the article have any grammatical or spelling errors?
 * Is the article well-organized - i.e. broken down into sections that reflect the major points of the topic?

Images and Media

 * Guiding questions

The article did include images, they were great aid in understanding the behaviour. Without the images I may not have fully understood which behaviour the definition was discussing. There is an image that does not really belong based on the behaviour those, it is of a tiger with it's tongue out which truly does not fit the behaviours definition. There are a few images which lack proper citations, for example one images permission regulations was "mine", this does not seem to follow Wikipedias copyright regulations. The images are attention grabbing so I would say they are laid out appealingly. However, an image of the brain areas when discussing those would have been helpful and informational to include.

 * Does the article include images that enhance understanding of the topic?
 * Are images well-captioned?
 * Do all images adhere to Wikipedia's copyright regulations?
 * Are the images laid out in a visually appealing way?

Checking the talk page

 * Guiding questions

Many of the discussions are in favour of things I have mentioned above, such as the tiger image not belonging and the lack of information provided in the Similar Function content. The article is rated C-class and has low importance on the Wikiproject Animals scale. I expected that wikipedia would have picked up on the lack of proper in text citations based on our class discussion, and this article has been in existence since 2004 and last edited this month.

 * What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?
 * How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects?
 * How does the way Wikipedia discusses this topic differ from the way we've talked about it in class?

Overall impressions

 * Guiding questions

The articles current ranking is C-class, which I would rank it lower considering the lack of in-text citations. So by fixing that, the article could be strengthened. As well as further discussing the similar functions content, and including more biological images besides the images of animals doing the behaviour. Some strengths of the article are how descriptive the author is in discussing the biological aspects of where the behaviour is initiated in the brain. I would assess this article to be somewhat-developed, its well written and some areas are very developed with a few underdeveloped areas; and the lack of in text citations needs to be fixed.

 * What is the article's overall status?
 * What are the article's strengths?
 * How can the article be improved?
 * How would you assess the article's completeness - i.e. Is the article well-developed? Is it underdeveloped or poorly developed?

Optional activity

 * Choose at least 1 question relevant to the article you're evaluating and leave your evaluation on the article's Talk page. Be sure to sign your feedback

with four tildes — ~

 * Link to feedback:

title: User:Jthornhill16/Evaluate an Article


text:
Cheryl Morgan

Cheryl Morgan is a British science fiction critic and publisher. She has won Hugo Awards for her work on the fanzine Emerald City from 1995 to 2006, and as non-fiction editor of Clarkesworld magazine from 2009 to 2011. Morgan was the first openly trans person to win a Hugo Award, and she is currently the editor of the science fiction magazine Salon Futura.

Biography
Morgan edited the fanzine Emerald City from 1995 to 2006, and resided in Melbourne, San Francisco and the United Kingdom during this period. She was a part of the team running Science Fiction Awards Watch, and was non-fiction editor of Clarkesworld Magazine from 2009 to 2011. She is the owner of Wizard's Tower Press and the Wizard's Tower Books ebook store before it closed due to changes in EU regulation. She is currently the editor of Salon Futura, a science fiction magazine featuring a mix of articles and videos that launched in 2010.

Morgan was a Guest of Honor at the 2012 Eurocon, and served as judge for the James Tiptree Jr. Memorial Award in 2018. She was a keynote speaker at the 2018 Worldling SF conference, and is on the advisory board of Fafnir – Nordic Journal of Science Fiction and Fantasy Research. Morgan is also a director of San Francisco Science Fiction Conventions Inc., and was a founder of the Association for the Recognition of Excellence in SF & F Translation.

In addition to her genre work, Morgan co-presents Women's Outlook, a weekly community radio program in Bristol, UK focusing on women's issues, and is a director of The Diversity Trust, a UK-based community interest company. She is also co-chair of OutStories Bristol, an LGBT history organization, and has presented work on trans history in the form of lectures.

Awards and honours
Morgan has been nominated for several Hugo Awards and has won four: Best Fanzine in 2004 for Emerald City, Best Fan Writer in 2009, and joint wins with the rest of the Clarkesworld team for Best Semiprozine in 2010 and 2011. She was the first openly trans person to win a Hugo.

title: Cheryl Morgan


text:
Kabal (earthworks)

A kabal is the name given to a 1 sqmi patch of desert, with 10 ft berms bulldozed to form the perimeter earthworks. Kabals are located less than 50 mi from the Iraqi border. The Kuwaiti government has cordoned off the northern part of its country, an area of more than 1600 sqmi out of 6900 sqmi, where American military and coalition forces are based and are conducting training. Soldiers assigned to these remote sites must maintain 24-hour operations as units are close to the Iraqi border.

Description
Kabals contain dining facilities, air-conditioned sleeping tents, recreation facilities and storage for weapons, tanks and their armored vehicles. The kabals are named New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Virginia. Three others, "Diamond Head", "Camp Concho", and "Hunter" are apparently inactive. The kabals are tent cities with each camp containing large areas of tents each housing six soldiers, mess halls, rows of portable toilets, and trailers with sinks and showers and a gym. Tents are equipped with telephones. For recreation there are a variety of movies, games, and a computer room.

The walls usually form a circle that has one or two entrances guarded by soldiers with other soldiers on guard duty around the perimeter or in guard towers. Establishing kabals is manpower- and supply-intensive, requiring many convoys of Class IV (construction and barrier materiel) and contracted items. Combat Regeneration and Reorganization [CR2] is the redeployment of equipment, vehicles and soldiers from the Kabal.

History
Kabals were established shortly after Operation Desert Storm as part of a U.S. mission to protect Kuwait with a battle-ready battalion and to train service members for possible future wars against Iraq.

title: Kabal (earthworks)


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/El Amor (Ricardo Arjona song)

El Amor (Ricardo Arjona song)

 * ... that Ricardo Arjona's "El Amor" is his first single ever to top the Billboard Tropical Songs chart?
 * Reviewed: Millennium (season 2)

Created/expanded by Hahc21 (talk). Self nom at 04:45, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Symbol confirmed.svg QPQ done. Hook properly formatted.  Media has acceptable copyright tags.  No plagiarism concerns.
 * Symbol possible vote.svg "Article has not been created or expanded 5x within the past 10 days (268 days) DYKcheck does not account for previous versions with splits or copyright violations." --LauraHale (talk) 05:58, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

Further expansion required. --LauraHale (talk) 05:58, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Hey. The article was 320 words in 13 June and i expanded it to 1375 words.. Isn't that 5x expansion? I have no further info to add, i think. Let me see. :( — Hahc 21  12:54, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * 1904 B (320 words) "readable prose size" was start size. Current size is Prose size (text only): 8118 B (1375 words) "readable prose size". Fize fold expansion is 1600.  DYK tool check is your friend for helping to know if an article is good to go. :) If you're going to be a regular (woot woot.  do QPs, more than needed.  love for doing this right and more than you need.  We need about  7 more reviews done for QPQ a day than nominations in order to keep up.) User:Shubinator/DYKcheck tells you about teh easy to use tool. --LauraHale (talk) 00:17, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Haha i already used the tool. I just made a mistake when counting how many words i needed. Let me see if I can expand it more. Cheers! — Hahc 21  01:49, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Oh, Laura. I think i will withdraw this. It cannot be expanded with more info. I added some additional but only got roughly 1500. Another 100 words will be impossible. There's nothing else i may add to it, sadly. — Hahc 21  02:56, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Expanded to 1602 words and will add more. Hope this is ready now. Cheers! — Hahc 21  02:55, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

manual check says 320 * 5 = 1,600 words. Article length = 1,603. Hooked fact supported by article text and source. Good to go. --LauraHale (talk) 03:10, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Great! Thanks :) — Hahc 21  03:26, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Oh, and actually, This one: is the source covering the hooked fact. i have made a minor fix for it. — Hahc  21  03:28, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ


text:
Talk:Daryl Cagle

Bio, not article
This article is almost word-for-word off of Cagle's bio page at http://editorialcartoonists.com/cartoonist/profile.cfm/CagleD/. Since he is noteworthy, I believe this article should stay, but certainly legitimate references should be added. LovelyLillith (talk) 21:49, 5 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I've edited out the flagrant copyright violation. Bad enough that it was a copyvio, but it was also unencyclopedic, written in like an advertisement. This leaves the page little more than a stub, so hopefully others will expand -- using their own words this time. ~CS (talk) 23:58, 30 June 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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Cartoon on 5/26/ 22
Absolutely perfect cartoon. Thank you so much. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:55, 26 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Daryl Cagle


text:
1925 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)

1925 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 19th water polo championship in Hungary. There were seven teams who played one round match for the title.

Final list
 * M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G−: Goals got P: Point

2. Class
1. MTK 4, 2. MUE 2, 3. MTE 0 pont.


text:
Orlando Santamaría

Orlando Santamaría (29 May 1920 – 9 September 1992) was a Cuban sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

title: Orlando Santamaría


text:
Talk:1984 Carolinas tornado outbreak

Dead link

 * http://www.newsobserver.com/news/story/1461260.html
 * In 1984 Carolinas tornado outbreak on 2011-05-25 05:09:14, 404 Not Found
 * In 1984 Carolinas tornado outbreak on 2011-06-07 03:53:16, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 03:53, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

== Name of paper? I've done this with the citation to the Thomas P. Grazulis book already; you can see in the Notes section how it displays and how each instance shows the relevant page number(s) for the citation at the insertion point in the text. Note also that I corrected the reference in the "References" section to the Herald-American. Give named references a try!— D'Ranged 1  VTalk  09:27, 10 June 2014 (UTC)
 * second use:

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060417224134/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms to http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110526084805/http://www.wwaytv3.com/video/looking_back_1984_red_springs_tornado/03 to http://www.wwaytv3.com/video/looking_back_1984_red_springs_tornado/03
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090719080627/http://www.newsobserver.com:80/news/story/1461260.html to http://www.newsobserver.com/news/story/1461260.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110604215917/http://www.weather.com/blog/weather/8_19104.html?from=blog_rss&cm_ven=BLOG&cm_cat=rss&cm_pla=blog to http://www.weather.com/blog/weather/8_19104.html?from=blog_rss&cm_ven=BLOG&cm_cat=rss&cm_pla=blog

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External links modified
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 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.newsobserver.com/news/story/1461260.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:25, 22 May 2017 (UTC)

Question
At what time was the tornado watch issued for South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia?--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:43, 29 May 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:1984 Carolinas tornado outbreak


text:
Unty

Unty (Унты; ГӀунтӀиб) is a rural locality (a selo) in Shulaninsky Selsoviet, Gunibsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 383 as of 2010.

Geography
Unty is located 21 km south of Gunib (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shulani and Batsada are the nearest rural localities.

Nationalities
Avars live there.

title: Unty


text:
Talk:Nolan Richardson

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 08:17, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.sun-sentinel.com/sports/miami-heat/sfl-miami-heat-alonzo-mourning-s040714,0,7505735.story

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:07, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

"Coach Richardson" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coach_Richardson&redirect=no Coach Richardson] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Hey man im josh (talk) 01:08, 9 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nolan Richardson


text:
User:Nefelid

Nefelid
I am at a training session run by University of Edinburgh.

My example citation
reliable sources:

if I want to reuse the same citation I click cite and Re-use:

My example list
Things I like:

 * music
 * cinema
 * science
 * people

title: User:Nefelid


text:
Othappu

Othappu (Scandal or Temptation) is a Malayalam novel written by Sarah Joseph and published in 2005. The novel is the last in the trilogy which includes 'Alaahayude Penmakkal' and 'Mattathi'. While 'Mattathi' is a kind of sequel to 'Alaahayude Penmakkal', 'Othappu' follows the pattern by having a central female character and protagonist. The novel deals with the decision of a nun to step outside the convent and embrace a life free from the shackles of established religious norms and practices. In this, the character 'Marghalitha', comes in logger heads with the church and society which refuse to accept her personal views and individual freedom and expect her to conform to the framework in place regarding those joining the nunnery. The English translation of the book named 'Othappu: The Scent of the Other Side' won the Crossword Book Award for translation.

Plot
The novel opens with Marghalitha coming to her home after defrocking herself, as per her own wishes. Her family is shocked and lock her up in a store-room outside the house used for keeping raw bananas for ripening. For three days she is kept locked up without food or water. Eventually she leaves her home when she realizes that no matter what, her mother or brothers would not accept her back into the family. She wanders around and even makes a train journey to Angamali, where she spends the night in a hospital as she feels it would be the safest place for her. She is then brought by Fr. Roy Francis Kareekkan to stay with John Kasheesha, who is a friend. Fr. Kareekkan is the second important character. He is disillusioned about his role within the church and also is strongly attracted to Marghalitha. Marghalitha stays with John Kasheesha and his family, until the scandal comes to be known among his family members, which forces Marghalitha to leave so as to avoid conflict within Kasheesha's family. She is taken care for a while by her cousin Rebecca and later makes her way to the jungle retreat of Augustine, a Christian freethinker and social reformer. Here Fr. Kareekkan expresses his desire to leave the priesthood to be with her.

Kareekkan attempts to live with Marghalitha and brings her to his parents. His parents are shocked and his father commits suicide by hanging himself. This breaks Kareekkan who is both psychologically, emotionally and ideologically weak. When he discovers that Marghalitha is pregnant with his child, he abandons her and goes to live in a church as a sweeper in a distant place where no one would recognize him. Meanwhile, Augustine gives Marghalitha an orphan boy to care for, named 'Naanu'. Marghalitha, Naanu and her unborn child are left to fend for themselves. However, Marghalitha gains a new confidence and radiance and starts to realize she is a pilgrim on a revolutionary road, where she has to fight the existing norms and social structure. She refuses the wealth willed to her by her mother and boldly sets out to fulfill her individual destiny, along with Naanu and her unborn child and free from the constraints of the church, but also her family and social conventions.

The novel also has several biblical allegorical references like three nuns bringing gifts for her unborn child, referring to the Magi bringing gifts to Christ. Rebecca also enacts the role of Mary when she visits Marghalitha, discerning that she is pregnant. Several Bible verses are also used by the characters to state or express themselves from time to time.

Joseph is making a commentary on the Church rather than explaining the thought processes of her character. She does succeed in unravelling those processes, but shies away from trying to analyse or explain the hows and whys thereof. The main theme is that institutionalised church does not satisfy in the end. The Church, which is powerful and rich, does not reflect the tranquility of Jesus. It is in John Kasheesha's home and Augustine's eccentric forest mission where the reader finds that, rather than an institution, it is the individual who can truly follow Christ and try to establish the Kingdom of Heaven on earth. And yet the author leaves the whole issue open-ended. Neither Margalitha nor Karikkan finds a convincing solution to the problem from which they seek to run away.

Main characters

 * Marghalitha - A nun who leaves the convent because she can no longer pretend that the rituals associated with belief are meaningful to her.
 * Roy Francis Kareekkan - A priest who also questions the church's double standards in serving the poor and the rich and influential. He leaves the priesthood when he realizes his desire for Marghalitha, but later abandons her.
 * Augustine - a Christian freethinker and social reformer.
 * John and Sarakochamma (The Kasheeshas) - The Syrian Christian couple who take care of Margharitha after she leaves the convent.
 * Rebecca - Marghalitha's cousin who is a kind of vagabond preacher and healer.

title: Othappu


text:
roði

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) redness, red colour

Etymology 2
From. See that entry for details.

Noun

 * 1) redness, a reddish color
 * 2)  a clearing in the ground surrounded by snow
 * 1)  a clearing in the ground surrounded by snow
 * 1)  a clearing in the ground surrounded by snow

title: roði


text:
User:P.joram/sandbox

--P.joram (talk) 17:59, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

Nature given us lots of way to become happy. As we know Nature is the best gift which gifted by the GOD, so nature itself has given us our humen life as a gift, think why we have some spare body organs in our body? ...... and the answer is it is nature, if one organ become outof work than other organ will help to do the same need. ................ as an example we have two kidneies, two eyes, two ear, two testies, two oveum, .... but for a specific only one organ in body ... like brain, heart, mouth, liver, genital organ .... because there should be commended organs on our body. .................... Don't you think NATURE given beutiful gifts .... why shoud harm to oyur NATURE. keep care of Environment and nature keep smile..... for a long.!!! --P.joram (talk) 17:59, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Ǎ

title: User:P.joram/sandbox


text:
Aleksandar Milenković

Aleksandar Milenković (Александар Миленковић, born 22 December 1967) is a Serbian cyclist, biathlete and cross-country skier. Milenković has competed at two Winter and one Summer Olympic Games representing Yugoslavia, Independent Olympic Participants and Serbia and Montenegro.

1992 Winter Olympics
At the 1992 Winter Olympics, Milenković represented Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and competed in cross-country skiing.
 * 10 kilometres - 87th
 * 30 kilometres - 80th
 * 50 kilometres - 65th
 * 10/15 kilometres Pursuit - 75th

1992 Summer Olympics
At the 1992 Summer Olympics, Milenković competed as Independent Olympic Participant in cycling.
 * Road Race - 42nd
 * 100 kilometres Team Time Trial - 18th

2006 Winter Olympics
At the 2006 Winter Olympics, Milenković represented Serbia and Montenegro and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing.

Biathlon

 * 10 kilometres Sprint - 85th
 * 20 kilometres - 85th

Cross-country skiing

 * Men's 50 kilometres - DNF

title: Aleksandar Milenković


text:
E. Elias Merhige

Edmund Elias Merhige (, pronounced like marriage; born June 14, 1964) is an American film director.

Work
Merhige is known to mainstream audiences for his work on the 2000 film Shadow of the Vampire and to underground audiences for the cult 1989 film Begotten. He has also directed music videos for Marilyn Manson.

Merhige started in the New York theatre scene, and first conceived Begotten as a work of experimental theatre, casting many actors from his company in supporting roles. Following the release of his last feature film Suspect Zero, Merhige has mostly returned to work in the theatre.

Critical reception
Eugene Thacker, writing about Begotten, placed Merhige's work "between genre horror and performance art," marking Begotten as a "ritual in cinematic time," and concluding that the next step in Merhige's art offering "presumably, would be to allow everything to dissolve - human into non-human, body into environment, image into emulsions of gelatin, crystal, and camphor."

Features

 * Begotten (1989)
 * Shadow of the Vampire (2000)
 * Suspect Zero (2004)

Short films

 * Implosion (1983)
 * Spring Reign (1984)
 * A Taste of Youth (1985)
 * Din of Celestial Birds (2006)
 * Polia & Blastema: A Cosmic Opera (2022)

Music videos

 * "Cryptorchid" – Marilyn Manson
 * "Antichrist Superstar" – Marilyn Manson
 * "The Heinrich Maneuver" – Interpol
 * "Serpentia" – Danzig

title: E. Elias Merhige


text:
Help:FAQ/Editing

How do I edit a page?

 * It's quite simple. Simply click "Edit this page" on the bottom or the side of the page, and type away. See How to edit a page to learn about making links, using bold and italics, linking to images, and many other things...

What happens if two or more people are editing the same page?

 * The second person (and later persons) to save the page will receive an "edit conflict" message, and the opportunity to merge their changes into the most-currently-saved version. The wiki will also check for a conflict if you are editing and do a preview of the edit. Multiple consecutive conflicts are noticed, and will generate a slightly different message. This is similar to Concurrent Versions System (CVS), a widely-used software version management system.

But I have problems editing with my browser!

 * See Browser notes (Wikipedia page)

Why not use HTML?

 * The short answer is: for simplicity and security.

 * And now the longer answer. Wikibooks, and wikis in general, are meant to be edited on the fly. HTML is not easy to use when you simply want to write a module. Creating links gives us a particularly dramatic example. To link to the HTML page using HTML, one would have to type

 * Main Page

 * Using MediaWiki's markup is much easier:

 * Main Page

 * Then there's security. Different web browsers have bugs that can be exploited via HTML. Malicious users could also do things like JavaScript popup windows or page redirects if they had full HTML ability on Wikibooks. Several "experimental" sites that allowed full-HTML editing have suffered such attacks, including a couple other wikis that allowed arbitrary HTML.

So we can't use any HTML?

 * Alright, alright, a few tags work. Especially, HTML table tags can be used to create tables. See How does one edit a page. However, there's been some rumbling among the MediaWiki software developers that most HTML tags are deprecated. There's also a wiki syntax for tables; see m:Help:Table for help in using it.

What about non-ASCII characters, and special symbols?

 * Just because the codes are defined in HTML 4 doesn't mean they actually work in any common browser. See meta:Help:Special characters for a discussion of what is generally safe and what isn't.

What about math topics, which require many special symbols, fonts, and graphics?

 * Just use TeX! See meta:Help:Displaying a formula.

How do I make links?

 * A link is just the name of the page surrounded by double square brackets. It's also possible to make the link display text that is different from that of the link itself:
 * page name
 * page names -- suffix text will display as part of the link
 * display name -- the piped link: hide the page name and display something else (but use this sparingly, and never "click here"!)
 * page name (disambiguation) -- the "pipe trick": the part in parentheses or the namespace will not be displayed.
 * You don't need to put underscores ("_"), to act as space separators like you see in links. Spaces will work fine.
 * Note: to link to an external webpage, use Multi-word Title

How do I rename a page?

 * Registered users can move a page; this moves the page content and edit history to a new title, and creates a redirecting page at the old title. This method is better than just copying the content by hand, as it preserves the page's history. Use the "Move this page" link. If you want to move a page, please click the "What links here" and fix the links to the page in question.

How do I edit a redirect page?

 * The easiest way to edit the redirected page is to click on the link you see at the top of the page after being redirected: "redirected from ...". At the very top of that page, you will see a message: "(redirected from page name)", Click on the page name link, and you will edit the redirect page. See Redirect.

How do I figure out how big a page is?

 * Search results give the size, for example "Knot theory (3220 bytes)". See Help:Navigating

How do I determine what other users have changed in a module?

 * Wikibooks's software MediaWiki can produce a list of all the changes between two versions of a module (either between two consecutive versions, or between an old and the current version), laid out in two-columns side by side with changes highlighted. From the Recent Changes page you can click the "diff" link; from a module page itself click "Page history", then "cur" or "last" to see changes.

How can I put pictures on a page?

 * First, you need the right to publish the picture under the GNU Free Documentation License. This means that either you created the picture and therefore own the copyright, or it is in the public domain. If the picture is located on a server you control, you can refer to that image from your wiki page by simply including its URL, like this:

and it will be included. (Note it will only be linked, not displayed.) If instead you want to upload a picture to Wikibooks.org, you can use commons:Commons:Upload as a logged-in user and once it is uploaded, you can refer to it in your wiki pages as above, by including its file name :.

See also Media.

How can I delete uploaded items?

 * Only Administrators can delete uploads, but anyone can upload a new item with the same name, thereby replacing the old one.

How do I describe images?

 * Click on the image to get the description page. Also, when you upload the file everything you put in the upload summary is placed into the image's description page. See Image:Introductory Physics fig 4.3.png for an example of what goes onto one of these pages. See also: Image use policy

Can I give the references in a book?
Yes. See Help:Editing and Template:Reflist.

Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?
Yes, you can. Each section header, regardless of size or depth, has a number corresponding to how many times that header's name has already appeared on the page. The number is "1" for the very first instance, "2" for the next, "3" for the next, and so on. You can link to each header just like a normal header, but using that number after the header's name (i.e. if there are three headers named "Foo," then the first can be linked to like so:, the second. , and the third, ). Using the number "1" for the first header is generally superfluous, as the software will automatically link to the first header without using the number (i.e. ). If you don't want the number to show, then you have to use a piped link (e.g. Foo ).

If you don't know how many times a given header has already appeared on a page (and thus the number to use), there are two ways to find out.
 * 1) Use the table of contents.
 * If a table of contents appears on the page, click on the header that you wish to link to. The page will jump to that header. Now, look at the URL. At the end, it will show the ID of the header in question. An example of a URL who has just been linked to a header, whose name has already appeared twice (and so is the third instance), and whose name is "Foo:"
 *  http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Example_article#Foo_3
 * The header link at the end of the URL shows that to link to this header, you would use.
 * 1) Look at the source.
 * While looking at the source, first find the section you're looking for, and then look at its ID tags. It will show the number in that tag. An example for a header, whose name has already appeared once (and so is the second instance), and whose name is "Foo:"
 *
 *  Foo
 * The ID and name tags (the ones that say "a name=" and "id=") show that this header can be linked to with.

How do I get a page deleted?
First you should review our deletion policy. If a page qualifies for speedy deletion you can add to the top of the page. Otherwise you should add to the top of the page and add a new section to Requests for deletion explaining why the page ought to be deleted.

How can I easily change the title of a book?
Use the MOVE button/link at the top of the page to change the title of your book.

How do I archive my User Page?
See Help:Pages

Can I put preformatted text inside a numbered list?
Yes, if you use the HTML <ol> and <li> tags and the <pre> tag like this:

Can I use transparent borders on a table?
Yes. The easiest way to write this is using wiki table notation with a different background for the table and for each row.

Can I change the style of something throughout a page without having to repeat the style?
There are two ways this can be done.

Method 1: This can be done by using a template and using the template repeatedly on the page instead. For example add  to Template:Template sandbox and use  throughout the Sandbox page. Everyone will see what you see.

Method 2: You can set this up once using CSS on your User Style. Then every "pre" tag will have the same pink-on-yellow style. However, every person that wants to see that style will need to set it up in their own personal "User style". That allows people to see a yellow-on-pink style if they want, without messing up your pink-on-yellow view.

title: Help:FAQ/Editing


text:
stronzare

Etymology
From, from , possibly of Celtic origin.

Verb

 * 1)  to fraudulently devalue (currency)

title: stronzare


text:
MediaWiki talk:Licenses

 * GFDL|GFDL
 * You are the author
 * self-GFDL-Cc-by-sa-2.5|Multi-licensed under GFDL and Cc-by-sa-2.5 (recommended)
 * GFDL-self|GFDL by you
 * Creative Commons Licenses
 * CC-BY-2.5|Attribution (CC-BY-2.5)
 * CC-BY-SA-2.5|Attribution, share-alike (CC-BY-SA-2.5)
 * Other
 * Unknown license|Unknown license

First draft of licenses lists for upload. guillom 22:29, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

Remove GFDL opinions or not?
Like what did elsewhere (cf. m:User:MGA73/Media per wiki), I guess these opinion entries: can go out from this page. GFDL is an old-sunshine license that are more and more problematic for re-users, it requires a full copy of license text body for each re-using. Since Commons, English and Japanese Wikipedias are decided to highly restricted their use of GFDL(-only) tags (generally, unless a new file is related to GFDL-licensed documentation(s) of software and/or its screenshots/logos, GFDL is no longer an opinion for new files), and many other Wikipedias and Wikiversities are even fully stopped further use of GFDL tags, I wonder why can't en.wikiversity be one too?!
 * self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0|GFDL and CC Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 and earlier
 * self|GFDL|cc-by-4.0|GFDL and Creative Commons Attribution 4.0

Pinging past editors of this: (but eh, we don't have Interface Administrators?! MediaWiki namespace pages are nowadays only edit-able by them) Liuxinyu970226 (discuss • contribs) 10:25, 27 April 2023 (UTC)

 * @Liuxinyu970226 From a security perspective, this community has agreed to add interface administrators on demand, and only for a short period of time to address the specific issue. It doesn't come up often enough to keep the permission on for an extended period of time.
 * Can you help me follow what you want to do here? Can you link to an edit where either en.wikipedia or commons discussed and/or removed GFDL licensing options? I'd prefer not to have to research it myself if you already have the documentation. Thanks! -- Dave Braunschweig (discuss • contribs) 00:27, 28 April 2023 (UTC)

title: MediaWiki talk:Licenses


text:
File:Sophie's Choice1.jpg

Fair use in Sophie's Choice (film)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a Film Poster / VHS or DVD Cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the film in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the artwork/image.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image  is significant because it was used to promoted a notable film.

Source

 * 1) The image can or could be obtained from here. Copyright held by the film company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:Sophie's Choice1.jpg


text:
Talk:Witham Third District IDB

Copyvio resolution
This is not a copyright violation, since www.needaproperty.com has copied the material verbatim from Witham First District IDB, an article which I wrote on Wikipedia in the first place. Needaproperty has not, however, provided any attribution. Bob1960evens (talk) 19:39, 8 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Indeed, I'll mark it as a false positive.  Hut 8.5  22:50, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Witham Third District IDB


text:
Talk:Jeremy Ray Taylor

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:52, 10 December 2019 (UTC)
 * Jeremy Ray Taylor CC Germany 2019.png

title: Talk:Jeremy Ray Taylor


text:
Eskimologist

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  One who studies the  people; one who studies.

Translations

 * Danish: eskimolog

title: Eskimologist