text:
him much less to write about.

Curious what others think in this regard? And I'd suggest to clean-up the article from catchy ultra-extereme labels based solely on Casals opinion, unless they can be supported by facts of extreme actions by Vox? It looks fair to me to keep the wording that a variety of source consider Vox far-right, but saying they represent "warlike ultranationalism and unconditionalism" that's does not look fair at all. Birdofpreyru (talk) 01:07, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

 * Not going to comment about the reliability of the cited academic, but just a few thoughts ... I don't know if being an expert in a particular field is disqualifying due to bias from being to caught up in the field. By this logic, scholars that dedicated themselves to studying communism wouldn't be reliable sources, either.

 * I think analysis of a party's politics and policies is OK without specific examples as long as it is from a reputable, notable source and reasonably concise. It's even more acceptable if the statements are presented as opinion and attributed to a specific author.

 * The "warlike" bit may perhaps be better translated as "bellicose" (although the Spanish dictionary doesn't appear to support this more metaphorical meaning).

 * I'm not sure the currently cited source meets Reliable sources criteria, though; it'd be better to dig up and cite this guy's scholarly work instead ...

 * -J Jay Hodec (talk) 01:36, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

 * I guess, I worded it badly. Not saying being an expert in a field is disqualifying due to bias, asking whether the guy is really a recognized expert, or self-proclaimed expert? What looks to me as "bias per se" in his case is that he is seemingly assigns those catchy ultra- extreme- labels lightly, without much argumentation. Not sure I am much interested to dig deep into Casals' work. I found his blog, and a list of his articles related to Vox there. The most relevant by the title seemed to be this one "EL ULTRANACIONALISMO DE VOX. CINCO CLAVES PARA COMPRENDER “LA ESPAÑA VIVA”

 * I read it just by diagonal, but it looks like it just starts with the axiom that Vox is the current ultranationalist force in Spain, and then goes on with poorly sourced discussion around it, which does not looks quite rigoursly academic. I'd say this wikipedia article in its current form does better to investigate different aspects of Vox ideology, and events surrounding them, based on news publications in sources from different sides of political spectra, than the guy in that article of his. I'd expect from an expert doing it in the way similar to how it is done in this wiki article, but on a much larger scale. Sure, he might prooved everything in his previous works, but a brief look at few other materials in his list gives me an impression that his line of thought is just "Since the end of XIX the extreme ultranationalism was always present in Spanish policitcs, and it always will be. So one should just look around and decide, who is the ultranationalist of the day. Now Vox looks the closest candidate, compared to other major right forces, PP and Cs, so Vox is the ultra." Though, as I told already, at least for me if there is no facts of violence, or calls to violence, that is not ultra extreme. Birdofpreyru (talk) 10:46, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

Opposition in all regional parliaments?
Vox does not belong to the opposition in all regional parliaments. They provide confidence and supply to the governments of Madrid, Murcia and Andalusia

 * Not sure about all regions, but in a few interviews / articles I saw following the latest Andalusian elections, Vox position themselves as Opposition in Andalusia, and the PP government does not need support of Vox there anyway, thus I changed to "Opposition" the status in the table. -- Birdofpreyru (talk) 17:45, 27 July 2022 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Vox (political party)/Archive 1


text:
Talk:German/Lesson 4

Untitled
The story about Zurich, Switzerland is modified from the entry at Zürich in the German Wikipedia - Marsh 03:23, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Might it not be too soon in the lessons to be conjugating a verb? I'm thinking we should introduce indirect articles, pronouns before much can be said about verbs. Maybe we should make a series of "blank" lesson pages and lay out on each one our ideas of grammar lessons to be taught. We can move the ideas around until it makes some sense, and (at the same time) work on whatever parts we have an interest in. If the "idea" gets moved, the worked on grammar lesson can be moved with it. The alternative is to develop grammar lessons, then rename the pages after an outline on order is established? What say you all? - Marsh 05:20, 1 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Sure. I was just copying the structure of the French Wikibook, they begin conjugating early. Etothex 05:45, 1 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Oh, BTW, could you check out Talk:German:_Lesson_2? There seems to by some problem with the conjugation of spielen. Etothex 06:11, 1 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * If you can believe it, I found my old beginning German textbook from highschool. I'm using that (very roughly) to gage progress through the lessons.  Keep adding stuff in. If I think it looks too advanced, I can always move it a few lessons further on. So no problem, really. - Marsh 03:04, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Actually I responded to that one earlier (see Talk:German: Lesson 2). Not a problem, just a matter of preference. I think either way is "correct" but I think leaving the "to" off the English verbs makes the presentation easier for the student by better matching the German-English. - Marsh

Du bist  You  are Ihr seid  You (formal)  are Sie sind  They  are''

I beg to differ with the above translations. I was under the impression that "du" and "ihr" are the singular and plural familiar you, while "sie" is both "she" and "they," and finally, "Sie" (capitalized) is the singular and plural formal you. Lord Emsworth 19:07, 1 Nov 2003 (UTC)

I think you have that right Lord Emsworth. As soon as we can establish where it is good to start conjugating verbs, we can get it in correctly (or we can cjhange it now and maybe move it later) - Marsh 03:00, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Hi, I've edited some typos in the Gespraech 4-1. Just for the record I'd like to say that German universities are generally not expensive at all (I payed a little less than $200 per semester and half of it was for a ticket that gave me unlimited public transportation in my area). Thomas

 * Thanks! Keep editing those sentences. I'm counting on you and the couple of other native speakers to make this thing look real. Does not expensive extend to medical school?  Should I have him going to school somewhere other than Germany?  I was working towards a conversation involving him selling some furniture. Of course, he could have another reason for doing so. Would the idea of a poor graduate student not be typical in Germany as it would in the US? -- Marsh 07:50, 14 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * The idea of a poor graduate student is quite OK, and I guess there are some specific medical schools that are expensive. So we can leave the version as it is (btw. I really like the idea that you are building up plots that go together in a nice story) Thomas

The phrase "Ich habe sie gern!" in the first dialogue is used to refer to a person rather than to an object. "Ich mag sie." (sie referring to "die Wohnung") would be more appropriate in this context, but still sounds kinda strange. The first one, "Mir gefällt deine Wohnung." is the best version, and basically has the same meaning as "Ich habe sie gern!" ("I like it!", basically)

Also corrected some typos and word order problems ("sieht" not "seht" and "sich umsehen" not "umsehen sich").

Second dialogue: "Ich glaube, dass sie 'Karoline' heißt." would sound more natural if phrased "Ich glaube, sie heißt 'Karoline'." Oh, and is brunette really black where you come from? It's rather brown around here... Martin

I think some sentences aren’t a good German:
 * "Ein Bruder besucht" is wrong German. Better: "Markus bekommt Besuch von seinem Bruder"
 * Similar improvement made (now Lesson 6) - marsh

 * I don’t understand the phrase "Mutti sagt Hallo". Does Karl say that? (Lesson 6)
 * It follows "Karl:" Should say "Mother says hello"; they are brothers and Karl lives with his parents. - marsh

 * "Ich glaube, dass sie 'Karoline' heißt." is correct German. But I think it’s better to say "Ich glaube, sie heißt Karoline".
 * Changed - marsh

-- Daniel 19:11, 21 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Edit: To call someone "ein Schwein" in German is quite offending even for good friends. Better say: "Du bist ein Ferkel!" (i.e. "Du bist ein Schwein!" means "You are a hog!") das Ferkel = piglet or in that case substitute and "polite form" for the word pig.
 * Good point. "Mark, you are a pig!" is a perfectly appropriate response in English, but too harsh (insulting) in German - marsh 04:38, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:German/Lesson 4


text:
XHTML

Contents

 * /What is XHTML/ —
 * /History of XHTML/ —
 * /Media Types/ —
 * /A Basic XHTML Document/ —
 * /DTD (Document Type Definition)/ —
 * /XHTML Grammar/ —
 * /XHTML Documents/ —
 * /XHTML Attributes/ —
 * /XHTML Objects/ —
 * /XHTML Validating/ —
 * Appendices:
 * /HTML vs. XHTML/ —

Other Resources

 * XHTML Tutorial from HTML Source, detailing the differences in writing XHTML from HTML.
 * XHTML Tutorial from W3Schools Introducing comprehensively XHTML.
 * "HTML Dog" HTML and CSS Tutorials.
 * XForms - XForms Tutorial and Cookbook.
 * Common questions on HTML and XHTML are listed at the W3C FAQ page on XHTML and HTML 4.01.
 * XHTML lessons
 * XHTML Books Collection
 * xHTML Tutorial for Beginners

de:Websiteentwicklung: XHTML XHTML XHTML

title: XHTML


text:
Dubrovsky, Altai Krai

Dubrovsky (Дубровский) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kirovsky Selsoviet, Aleysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 45 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Dubrovsky is located 27 km north of Aleysk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krasnodubrovsky is the nearest rural locality.

title: Dubrovsky, Altai Krai


text:
Double Doink

The Double Doink was a game-ending field goal attempt by Chicago Bears kicker Cody Parkey in the National Football League (NFL)'s 2018 NFC Wild Card game. Parkey's failed 43-yard field goal attempt against the Philadelphia Eagles was partially blocked by Eagles defensive lineman Treyvon Hester, hit the left upright, then bounced off the crossbar, and finally fell back out onto the goal line finishing on the 3-yard line. The sixth-seeded, defending Super Bowl champion Eagles won the game over the third-seeded Bears, 16–15, at Soldier Field in Chicago, Illinois, and advanced to the Divisional Round of the playoffs.

The term "doink" has been used to refer to the percussive sound or thump that a football makes when striking a goal post. The term "double doink" took hold due to NBC commentator Cris Collinsworth. He said on the NBC broadcast during the replay, "The Bears' season's gonna end on a double doink." That miss ended up being referred to as "The Double Doink." A frame-by-frame replay later revealed that the kick was actually tipped by Hester, and the NFL officially ruled the play a block.

The Bears, the NFC North Division champions, saw their season end with a 12–4 record. It was Parkey's 11th miss of the season, and his sixth kick attempt of the season (including two extra points and four field goals) to hit an upright. He was released by the Bears two months later. The Eagles lost the following week to the top-seeded New Orleans Saints in the NFC Divisional playoffs.

Background
The defending Super Bowl champion Philadelphia Eagles entered Week 17 needing a road win against the Washington Redskins and for the Chicago Bears to defeat the Minnesota Vikings to qualify for the last wild card spot. Meanwhile, having already won the NFC North for the first time since 2010, the Bears were still contending for a first-round bye in Week 17 and needed a win and a loss by the Los Angeles Rams in order to move up to the #2 seed. In Week 17, the Eagles defeated the Redskins 24–0, the Bears defeated the Vikings 24–10, and the Rams defeated the San Francisco 49ers 48–32, meaning the Eagles managed to leap over the Vikings into the #6 seed, as the Eagles rallied from a 4–6 record to finish 9–7, winning their final three games after Carson Wentz was replaced with Nick Foles for the second consecutive year. Meanwhile, the Bears were locked into the NFC's #3 seed with a record of 12–4, having won 9 of their last 10 games heading into this NFC Wild Card playoff. This was the fourth postseason meeting between the Eagles and Bears, with Philadelphia winning two of the previous three games.

First half
The Eagles started off the game with a good drive, including passes to Wendell Smallwood and Zach Ertz of 22 and 17-yards, respectively. However, the drive stalled after a Leonard Floyd sack forced Philadelphia to settle for a 44-yard field goal, taking the lead, 3–0. After an exchange of punts, Eagles quarterback Nick Foles launched a 40-yard pass to former Bear Alshon Jeffery. However, the drive was cut short when Roquan Smith picked off Foles at Chicago's 35-yard line. The Bears drove down the field and kicked a field goal to tie the game 3–3. The Eagles put together another strong drive, featuring 28-yard pass to Golden Tate. However, this drive was also stopped when Foles' pass was intercepted by Adrian Amos in the end zone. After punts by both teams, Chicago put together a 13 play, 78-yard drive that resulted in a 29-yard Cody Parkey field goal to give the Bears a 6–3 halftime lead.

Second half
The Eagles finally found some success on offense in the second half, capping an 83-yard drive with a 10-yard touchdown pass from Foles to tight end Dallas Goedert. After punts by both teams, Bears quarterback Mitchell Trubisky completed a 45-yard pass to Allen Robinson, which set up a 34-yard field goal by Parkey, cutting the Eagles' lead to 10–9. In Chicago's following drive, Trubisky completed passes of 19 and 34-yards to Taylor Gabriel and Joshua Bellamy, respectively. He finished off the drive with a 22-yard touchdown pass to Robinson to make the score 15–10. The Bears attempted a two-point conversion, but failed. After another exchange of punts, the Eagles drove all the way down to Chicago's 2-yard line. After two runs by Darren Sproles for no gain and an incomplete pass, Philadelphia faced a 4th and goal 1:01 left in the fourth quarter, and Foles found Tate in the endzone for the touchdown. The Eagles went for two but failed. On the Bears' next drive, Trubisky completed passes of 25 and 8 yards, both to Robinson, and spiked the ball with 0:10 left in the game.

The play
After Trubisky's spike, the Bears set up for a 43-yard field goal. However, immediately prior to the snap, Eagles head coach Doug Pederson called a time-out to ice the kicker. Even though whistles were blown to signify the timeout, Parkey attempted the kick and made it, although it didn't count. After the timeout, Parkey's next attempt was tipped by Treyvon Hester, ricocheted off the left upright, bounced off the crossbar and landed in the end zone.

Parkey later reacted, "I feel terrible. There's really no answer to it. I thought I hit a good ball."

TV call
Al Michaels and Cris Collinsworth were the announcers for NBC:

Collinsworth is often mistakenly credited with coining the phrase "double doink"; Chris Berman of NFL Primetime first used the phrase in 2000 when describing a missed field goal by Detroit Lions kicker Jason Hanson. When asked about it the following day, Collinsworth said, "I don't think I invented the word; I think John Madden said doink first. But it was this double dinky thing — the ball bounced off one and then the other."

Bears radio call
Jeff Joniak called the missed kick with Tom Thayer for WBBM-AM, describing the snap by long snapper Patrick Scales, the hold by holder Pat O'Donnell, and the kick by Parkey:

Eagles radio call
Merrill Reese and Mike Quick were on radio call for WIP-FM:

Spanish radio call
Rickie Ricardo of the Philadelphia Eagles Spanish language radio announcer said:

The memorable call translates to "No, sir! No, sir! No, sir! No, sir! No, sir! No, sir!" This was similar to his 2017 call when Philadelphia Eagles kicker Jake Elliott kicked a game-winning 61-yard field goal to beat the New York Giants in which he said "Si, señor!" or rather "Yes, sir!" He said in an interview: " 'Si, señor' is very easy for everyone- the lowest common denominator, you don't have to think much. It's very simple for Hispanics, but if you don't speak Spanish it doesn't take much thought. This guy missed a kick. You could not know one phrase in Spanish and you know what's going on."

Aftermath
The following day, the NFL officially declared the kick attempt a block. After a frame-by-frame replay, Eagles defensive lineman Treyvon Hester's finger was visibly knocked back as the ball brushed his finger.

Five days after the miss, Parkey discussed it with the anchors on NBC's Today show. The appearance had not been cleared by the Bears front office, and Parkey was criticized by local sportswriters, fans and head coach Matt Nagy, who said in a press conference the following Monday: "We always talk about a 'we' and not a 'me' thing, and we always talk as a team, we win as a team, we lose as a team. I didn't necessarily think [the Today appearance] was too much of a 'we' thing."

On February 22, 2019, it was reported that Parkey would be released despite a $3.5 million guaranteed contract for 2019. He was officially released on March 13. His departure sparked a dramatized "kicker competition" for the Bears, who ultimately selected Eddy Piñeiro. Parkey moved on to play for the Tennessee Titans, the Cleveland Browns, and the New Orleans Saints.

The Eagles lost their next game against the New Orleans Saints, 20–14, after being shut out in the final three quarters.

Members of the 2018–19 St. Louis Blues NHL team watched the game at the Jacks NYB bar in South Philadelphia, where they heard the Laura Branigan song "Gloria" and adopted it as their unofficial victory theme. The Blues went on a winning streak, which led them to making the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals and winning their first Stanley Cup in franchise history.

Bill Swerski's Super Fans spoofed the play in a sketch created for the opening game of the 2019 season between the Bears and the Green Bay Packers. In the scene, a teddy bear purported to be sold in Green Bay said "double doink" when squeezed. A follow-up scene revealed that the teddy bears were created by former Packers quarterback Brett Favre, who joyfully points out that it also comes with its own goalpost showing the ball hitting the upright.

A second "double doink" at Soldier Field occurred during Sunday Night Football on December 22, 2019, kicked by Kansas City Chiefs kicker Harrison Butker, in the same north end zone, on an extra point attempt. This time, the ball hit both uprights and not the crossbar.

A third "double doink" occurred during a 2022 NFL International Series game between the New Orleans Saints and the Minnesota Vikings, kicked by Saints kicker Wil Lutz in an attempt to tie the game. After successfully kicking a career record 60-yard field goal that game, Lutz attempted a 61-yard field goal. Lutz's attempt, like Parkey's, bounced off the left upright and the crossbar. The Saints lost the game 28–25 in part because of that missed field goal.

Officials

 * Referee: Tony Corrente (99)
 * Umpire: Ramon George (128)
 * Down judge: Jerod Phillips (6)
 * Line judge: Kent Payne (79)
 * Field judge: Allen Baynes (56)
 * Side judge: Mike Weatherford (116)
 * Back judge: Todd Prukop (30)

title: Double Doink


text:
Talk:Daryl Smith (linebacker)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot (talk) 18:37, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Daryl Smith (linebacker)


text:
Kanna Laddu Thinna Aasaiya

Kanna Laddu Thinna Aasaiya also known as KLTA, is an Indian 2013 Tamil-language romantic comedy film directed by KS Manikandan. It stars Santhanam, Srinivasan, newcomer Sethu and Vishakha Singh. The film marked Santhanam's venture into film production with his Handmade Films. The film was co-produced by Rama Narayanan while S. Thaman scored the film soundtrack. The plot revolves around three friends who fall for the same girl, who has just moved into their neighbourhood. The movie released on 13 January 2013 to positive reviews and became a blockbuster and pongal winner of 2013 at the box office. The movie is based on Indru Poi Naalai Vaa by K. Bhagyaraj.

Plot
Shiva, Kaalkattu Kaliyaperumal (KK), and Power Kumar (Power) are three friends with no occupation other than getting drunk and chasing girls. A girl named Sowmiya moves in with her family to the house opposite Shiva. The three friends fall for the girl's beauty and make a gentlemen's agreement to let the girl choose her boyfriend. The three attempt different methods to woo her. Shiva helps Sowmiya's aunt with household work; KK joins Sowmiya's uncle to learn singing; and Power joins Sowmiya's father to learn Bharatanatyam.

One day, when none of Sowmiya's family members are home, the three eventually profess their love, leaving Sowmiya confused. Following the advice of her neighbour, Sowmiya reveals to all three that she loves actor Simbu. The neighborhood boys then decide to bring Simbu as a gift for Sowmiya's birthday, but Simbu says he does not know anyone named Sowmiya. They then hire a thug named "Kolaveri" David to kidnap Simbu, but he kidnaps Sowmiya instead. As Simbu refuses to help them, Shiva, KK, and Power go and save Sowmiya from David, and she falls in love with Shiva because Power and KK had earlier beaten Sowmiya's uncle and father severely; they later marry.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by S. Thaman. The audio was released on 10 December 2012. The notable guests of the audio function were director Shankar, Simbu, actor-producer Udhayanidhi Stalin and director Rajesh to name a few.

The soundtrack features a remixed version of the song Aasaiyae Alaipolae from the 1958 movie Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum, composed by K. V. Mahadevan and sang by Thiruchi Loganathan. The song "Love Letter" is copied from the song "Naan Unnai Vaazhthi Paadugiren" from the movie Nootruku Nooru composed by V. Kumar.

Musicperk.com rated the album 7/10 stating, "The composer Thaman has done a credible job to make sure the album’s genre is met with properly".

Release
Prior to its 13 January 2013 release, filmmaker K. Bhagyaraj filed a suit against the film stating that it used the same storyline as his 1981 film Indru Poi Naalai Vaa. He also accused the makers of falsely claiming to have acquired the rights from his film. It was later announced that the film, upon orders of a high court, would acknowledge both Bhagyaraj and his Indru Poi Naalai Vaa story in the credits.

Critical reception
Vivek Ramz from in.com rated it three-and-a-half out of five and stated that KLTA is a perfect Pongal treat for the family thanks to its clean humour. "Go watch it and have a blast!" N. Venkateswaran from The Times of India also gave it three-and-a-half out of five stars saying "Manikandan has now carved out a name for himself in the Tamil film industry". Sify also gave it three stars writing, "Gags galore, Laughs. This one’s strictly for Kollywood junkies whose funny bones are easy to tickle", and called the film a "Jolly fun ride". Oneindia.in said "Kanna Laddu Thinna Aasaiya is a fun ride." In contrast, Behindwoods rated the film two-and-a-half out of five stars, but said, "Replete with humor, KLTA offers what it is set out for-gives an unabashed hilarious 140 minutes" and gave the verdict that it was "an enjoyable fun ride for the festive season". Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu said that the film was "a light-hearted fun film for the festive season, if you don’t mind the crassness, that is!" and found many similarities to older films with the idea of several men trying to woo a girl already present in Uththaravindri Ullae Vaa.

title: Kanna Laddu Thinna Aasaiya


text:
Calculus/Differentiation/Differentiation Defined

What is Differentiation?
Differentiation is a process of finding a function that outputs the rate of change of one variable with respect to another variable.

Informally, we may suppose that we're tracking the position of a car on a two-lane road with no passing lanes. Assuming the car never pulls off the road, we can abstractly study the car's position by assigning it a variable, $$x$$. Since the car's position changes as the time changes, we say that $$x$$ is dependent on time, or $$x=f(t)$$. This tells where the car is at each specific time. Differentiation gives us a function $$\frac{dx}{dt}$$ which represents the car's speed, that is the rate of change of its position with respect to time.

Equivalently, differentiation gives us the slope at any point of the graph of a non-linear function. For a linear function, of form $$f(x)=ax+b$$, $$a$$ is the slope. For non-linear functions, such as $$f(x)=3x^2$$, the slope can depend on $$x$$ ; differentiation gives us a function which represents this slope.

The Definition of Slope
Historically, the primary motivation for the study of differentiation was the tangent line problem: for a given curve, find the slope of the straight line that is tangent to the curve at a given point. The word tangent comes from the Latin word tangens, which means touching. Thus, to solve the tangent line problem, we need to find the slope of a line that is "touching" a given curve at a given point, or, in modern language, that has the same slope. But what exactly do we mean by "slope" for a curve?

The solution is obvious in some cases: for example, a line $$y=mx+c$$ is its own tangent; the slope at any point is $$m$$. For the parabola $$y=x^2$$, the slope at the point $$(0,0)$$ is $$0$$ ; the tangent line is horizontal.

But how can you find the slope of, say, $$y=\sin(x)+x^2$$ at $$x=1.5$$ ? This is in general a nontrivial question, but first we will deal carefully with the slope of lines.

The Slope of a Line
The slope of a line, also called the gradient of the line, is a measure of its inclination. A line that is horizontal has slope 0, a line from the bottom left to the top right has a positive slope and a line from the top left to the bottom right has a negative slope.

The slope can be defined in two (equivalent) ways. The first way is to express it as how much the line climbs for a given motion horizontally. We denote a change in a quantity using the symbol $$\Delta$$ (pronounced "delta"). Thus, a change in $$x$$ is written as $$\Delta x$$. We can therefore write this definition of slope as:
 * $${\rm Slope}=\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}$$

An example may make this definition clearer. If we have two points on a line, $$P(x_1,y_1)$$ and $$Q(x_2,y_2)$$, the change in $$x$$ from $$P$$ to $$Q$$ is given by:
 * $$\Delta x=x_2-x_1$$

Likewise, the change in $$y$$ from $$P$$ to $$Q$$ is given by:
 * $$\Delta y=y_2-y_1$$

This leads to the very important result below.

Alternatively, we can define slope trigonometrically, using the tangent function:
 * $${\rm Slope}=\tan(\alpha)$$

where $$\alpha$$ is the angle from the rightward-pointing horizontal to the line, measured counter-clockwise. If you recall that the tangent of an angle is the ratio of the y-coordinate to the x-coordinate on the unit circle, you should be able to spot the equivalence here.

Of a graph of a function
The graphs of most functions we are interested in are not straight lines (although they can be), but rather curves. We cannot define the slope of a curve in the same way as we can for a line. In order for us to understand how to find the slope of a curve at a point, we will first have to cover the idea of tangency. Intuitively, a tangent is a line which just touches a curve at a point, such that the angle between them at that point is 0. Consider the following four curves and lines:

 The line $$L$$ crosses, but is not tangent to $$C$$ at $$P$$ . The line $$L$$ crosses, and is tangent to $$C$$ at $$P$$ . The line $$L$$ crosses $$C$$ at two points, but is tangent to $$C$$ only at $$P$$ . There are many lines that cross $$C$$ at $$P$$, but none are tangent. In fact, this curve has no tangent at $$P$$ .

A secant is a line drawn through two points on a curve. We can construct a definition of a tangent as the limit of a secant of the curve taken as the separation between the points tends to zero. Consider the diagram below.

As the distance $$h$$ tends to 0, the secant line becomes the tangent at the point $$x_0$$. The two points we draw our line through are:
 * $$P(x_0,f(x_0))$$

and
 * $$Q(x_0+h,f(x_0+h))$$

As a secant line is simply a line and we know two points on it, we can find its slope, $$m_h$$, using the formula from before:
 * $$m=\frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}$$

(We will refer to the slope as $$m_h$$ because it may, and generally will, depend on $$h$$ .) Substituting in the points on the line,
 * $$m_h=\frac{f(x_0+h)-f(x_0)}{(x_0+h)-x_0}$$

This simplifies to
 * $$m_h=\frac{f(x_0+h)-f(x_0)}{h}$$

This expression is called the difference quotient. Note that $$h$$ can be positive or negative — it is perfectly valid to take a secant through any two points on the curve — but cannot be $$0$$.

The definition of the tangent line we gave was not rigorous, since we've only defined limits of numbers — or, more precisely, of functions that output numbers — not of lines. But we can define the slope of the tangent line at a point rigorously, by taking the limit of the slopes of the secant lines from the last paragraph. Having done so, we can then define the tangent line as well. Note that we cannot simply set $$h$$ to 0 as this would imply division of 0 by 0 which would yield an undefined result. Instead we must find the limit of the above expression as $$h$$ tends to 0:

This last equation is just the point-slope form for the line through $$(x_0,f(x_0))$$ with slope $$m$$.

Exercises
Solutions

The Rate of Change of a Function at a Point
Consider the formula for average velocity in the $$x$$ direction, $$\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}$$, where $$\Delta x$$ is the change in $$x$$ over the time interval $$\Delta t$$. This formula gives the average velocity over a period of time, but suppose we want to define the instantaneous velocity. To this end we look at the change in position as the change in time approaches 0. Mathematically this is written as: $$\lim_{\Delta t\to 0}\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}$$, which we abbreviate by the symbol $$\frac{dx}{dt}$$. (The idea of this notation is that the letter $$d$$ denotes change.) Compare the symbol $$d$$ with $$\Delta$$. The idea is that both indicate a difference between two numbers, but $$\Delta$$ denotes a finite difference while $$d$$ denotes an infinitesimal difference. Please note that the symbols $$dx$$ and $$dt$$ have no rigorous meaning on their own, since $$\lim_{\Delta t\to 0}\Delta t=0$$, and we can't divide by 0.

(Note that the letter $$s$$ is often used to denote distance, which would yield $$\frac{ds}{dt}$$ . The letter $$d$$ is often avoided in denoting distance due to the potential confusion resulting from the expression $$\frac{dd}{dt}$$.)

The Definition of the Derivative
You may have noticed that the two operations we've discussed — computing the slope of the tangent to the graph of a function and computing the instantaneous rate of change of the function — involved exactly the same limit. That is, the slope of the tangent to the graph of $$y=f(x)$$ is $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$. Of course, $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$ can, and generally will, depend on $$x$$, so we should really think of it as a function of $$x$$. We call this process (of computing $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$) differentiation. Differentiation results in another function whose value for any value $$x$$ is the slope of the original function at $$x$$. This function is known as the derivative of the original function.

Since lots of different sorts of people use derivatives, there are lots of different mathematical notations for them. Here are some:
 * $$f'(x)$$ (read "f prime of x") for the derivative of $$f(x)$$ ,
 * $$D_x[f(x)]$$ ,
 * $$Df(x)$$ ,
 * $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$ for the derivative of $$y$$ as a function of $$x$$ or
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[y\big]$$, which is more useful in some cases.

Most of the time the brackets are not needed, but are useful for clarity if we are dealing with something like $$D(f\cdot g)$$, where we want to differentiate the product of two functions, $$f$$ and $$g$$.

The first notation has the advantage that it makes clear that the derivative is a function. That is, if we want to talk about the derivative of $$f(x)$$ at $$x=2$$, we can just write $$f'(2)$$.

In any event, here is the formal definition:

Examples
Example 1

The derivative of $$f(x)=\frac{x}{2}$$ is
 * $$f'(x)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left(\frac{\frac{x+\Delta x}{2}-\frac{x}{2}}{\Delta x}\right)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{2}+\frac{\Delta x}{2}-\frac{x}{2}}{\Delta x}\right)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left(\frac{\frac{\Delta x}{2}}{\Delta x}\right)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left(\frac{\Delta x}{2\Delta x}\right)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left(\frac12\right)=\frac12$$

no matter what $$x$$ is. This is consistent with the definition of the derivative as the slope of a function.

Example 2

What is the slope of the graph of $$y=3x^2$$ at $$(4,48)$$ ? We can do it "the hard (and imprecise) way", without using differentiation, as follows, using a calculator and using small differences below and above the given point:

When $$x=3.999$$, $$y=47.976003$$.

When $$x=4.001$$, $$y=48.024003$$.

Then the difference between the two values of $$x$$ is $$\Delta x=0.002$$.

Then the difference between the two values of $$y$$ is $$\Delta y=0.048$$.

Thus, the slope $$\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}=24$$ at the point of the graph at which $$x=4$$.

But, to solve the problem precisely, we compute

We were lucky this time; the approximation we got above turned out to be exactly right. But this won't always be so, and, anyway, this way we didn't need a calculator.
 * $$\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{3(4+\Delta x)^2-48}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{(4+\Delta x)^2-16}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{16+8\Delta x+(\Delta x)^2-16}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{8\Delta x+(\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}(8+\Delta x)$$
 * $$=3(8)$$
 * $$=24$$
 * }
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}(8+\Delta x)$$
 * $$=3(8)$$
 * $$=24$$
 * }
 * $$=3(8)$$
 * $$=24$$
 * }
 * $$=24$$
 * }
 * }

In general, the derivative of $$f(x)=3x^2$$ is

 * $$f'(x)$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{3(x+\Delta x)^2-3x^2}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{(x+\Delta x)^2-x^2}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{x^2+2x\Delta x+(\Delta x)^2-x^2}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{2x\Delta x+(\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}(2x+\Delta x)$$
 * $$=3(2x)$$
 * $$=6x$$
 * }
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{2x\Delta x+(\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=3\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}(2x+\Delta x)$$
 * $$=3(2x)$$
 * $$=6x$$
 * }
 * $$=3(2x)$$
 * $$=6x$$
 * }
 * $$=6x$$
 * }
 * $$=6x$$
 * }

Example 3

If $$f(x)=|x|$$ (the absolute value function) then $$f'(x)=\frac{x}{|x|}$$, which can also be stated as
 * $$f'(x)=\left\{\begin{matrix}-1&x<0\\ {\rm undefined}&x=0\\ 1&x>0\end{matrix}\right.$$

Finding this derivative is a bit complicated, so we won't prove it at this point.

Here, $$f(x)$$ is not smooth (though it is continuous) at $$x=0$$ and so the limits $$\lim_{x\to 0^+}f'(x)$$ and $$\lim_{x\to 0^-}f'(x)$$ (the limits as 0 is approached from the right and left respectively) are not equal. From the definition, $$f'(0)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{|\Delta x|}{\Delta x}$$, which does not exist. Thus, $$f'(0)$$ is undefined, and so $$f'(x)$$ has a discontinuity at 0. This sort of point of non-differentiability is called a cusp. Functions may also not be differentiable because they go to infinity at a point, or oscillate infinitely frequently.

Understanding the derivative notation
The derivative notation is special and unique in mathematics. The most common notation for derivatives you'll run into when first starting out with differentiating is the Leibniz notation, expressed as $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$. You may think of this as "rate of change in $$y$$ with respect to $$x$$". You may also think of it as "infinitesimal value of $$y$$ divided by infinitesimal value of $$x$$". Either way is a good way of thinking, although you should remember that the precise definition is the one we gave above. Often, in an equation, you will see just $$\frac{d}{dx}$$, which literally means "derivative with respect to x". This means we should take the derivative of whatever is written to the right; that is, $$\frac{d}{dx}(x+2)$$ means $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$ where $$y=x+2$$.

As you advance through your studies, you will see that we sometimes pretend that $$dy$$ and $$dx$$ are separate entities that can be multiplied and divided, by writing things like $$dy=x^4dx$$. Eventually you will see derivatives such as $$\frac{dx}{dy}$$, which just means that the input variable of our function is called $$y$$ and our output variable is called $$x$$ ; sometimes, we will write $$\frac{d}{dy}$$ , to mean the derivative with respect to $$y$$ of whatever is written on the right. In general, the variables could be anything, say $$\frac{d\theta}{dr}$$.

All of the following are equivalent for expressing the derivative of $$y=x^2$$
 * $$\frac{dy}{dx}=2x$$
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}x^2=2x$$
 * $$dy=2x\,dx$$
 * $$f'(x)=2x$$
 * $$D(f(x))=2x$$

Exercises
Solutions

Differentiation Rules
The process of differentiation is tedious for complicated functions. Therefore, rules for differentiating general functions have been developed, and can be proved with a little effort. Once sufficient rules have been proved, it will be fairly easy to differentiate a wide variety of functions. Some of the simplest rules involve the derivative of linear functions.

Derivative of a constant function
For any fixed real number $$c$$ , $\frac{d}{dx}[c]=0$

Intuition
The graph of the function $$f(x)=c$$ is a horizontal line, which has a constant slope of 0. Therefore, it should be expected that the derivative of this function is zero, regardless of the values of $$x$$ and $$c$$.

Proof
The definition of a derivative is
 * $$\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)}{\Delta x}$$

Let $$f(x)=c$$ for all $$x$$. (That is, $$f$$ is a constant function.) Then $$f(x+\Delta x)=c$$. Therefore
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}[c]=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{c-c}{\Delta x}=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{0}{\Delta x}$$

Let $$g(\Delta x)=\frac{0}{\Delta x}$$. To prove that $$\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}g(\Delta x)=0$$, we need to find a positive $$\delta$$ such that, for any given positive $$\varepsilon$$ , $$\Big|g(\Delta x)-0\Big|<\varepsilon$$ whenever $$0<|\Delta x-0|<\delta$$. But $$\Big|g(\Delta x)-0\Big|=0$$, so $$\Big|g(\Delta x)-0\Big|<\varepsilon$$ for any choice of $$\delta$$.

Examples

 * 1) $$\frac{d}{dx}[3]=0$$
 * 2) $$\frac{d}{dx}[z]=0$$

Note that, in the second example, $$z$$ is just a constant.

Derivative of a linear function
For any fixed real numbers $$m$$ and $$c$$ , $\frac{d}{dx}[mx+c]=m$ The special case $$\frac{dx}{dx}=1$$ shows the advantage of the $$\frac{d}{dx}$$ notation—rules are intuitive by basic algebra, though this does not constitute a proof, and can lead to misconceptions to what exactly $$dx$$ and $$dy$$ actually are.

Intuition
The graph of $$y=mx+c$$ is a line with constant slope $$m$$.

Proof
If $$f(x)=mx+c$$, then $$f(x+\Delta x)=m(x+\Delta x)+c$$. So,

 * $$f'(x)$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{m(x+\Delta x)+c-mx-c}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{m(x+\Delta x)-mx}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{mx+m\Delta x-mx}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{m\Delta x}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=m$$
 * }
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{mx+m\Delta x-mx}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{m\Delta x}{\Delta x}$$
 * $$=m$$
 * }
 * $$=m$$
 * }
 * $$=m$$
 * }

Constant multiple and addition rules
Since we already know the rules for some very basic functions, we would like to be able to take the derivative of more complex functions by breaking them up into simpler functions. Two tools that let us do this are the constant multiple rule and the addition rule.

The Constant Rule
For any fixed real number $$c$$ , $\frac{d}{dx}\big[c\cdot f(x)\big]=c\cdot\frac{d}{dx}\big[f(x)\big]$ The reason, of course, is that one can factor $$c$$ out of the numerator, and then of the entire limit, in the definition. The details are left as an exercise.

Example

We already know that
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[x^2\big]=2x$$

Suppose we want to find the derivative of $$3x^2$$

 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x^2\big]$$
 * $$=3\frac{d}{dx}\big[x^2\big]$$
 * $$=3\cdot2x$$
 * $$=6x$$
 * }
 * $$=3\cdot2x$$
 * $$=6x$$
 * }
 * $$=6x$$
 * }

Another simple rule for breaking up functions is the addition rule.

The Addition and Subtraction Rules
$\frac{d}{dx}\big[f(x)\pm g(x)\big]=\frac{d}{dx}\big[f(x)\big]\pm\frac{d}{dx}\big[g(x)\big]$

Proof

From the definition:

By definition then, this last term is $$ \frac{d}{dx} \left[f(x)\right] \pm \frac{d}{dx}\left[g(x)\right] $$
 * $$\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left[\frac{\big[f(x+\Delta x)\pm g(x+\Delta x)\big]-\big[f(x)\pm g(x)\big]}{\Delta x}\right]$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left[\frac{\big[f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)\big]\pm\big[g(x+\Delta x)-g(x)\big]}{\Delta x}\right]$$
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left[\frac{f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)}{\Delta x}\right]\pm\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left[\frac{g(x+\Delta x)-g(x)}{\Delta x}\right]$$
 * }
 * $$=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left[\frac{f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)}{\Delta x}\right]\pm\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\left[\frac{g(x+\Delta x)-g(x)}{\Delta x}\right]$$
 * }

Example

What is the derivative of $$3x^2+5x$$ ?

 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x^2+5x\big]$$
 * $$=\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x^2+5x\big]$$
 * $$=\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x^2\big]+\frac{d}{dx}\big[5x\big]$$
 * $$=6x+\frac{d}{dx}\big[5x\big]$$
 * $$=6x+5$$
 * }
 * $$=6x+\frac{d}{dx}\big[5x\big]$$
 * $$=6x+5$$
 * }
 * $$=6x+5$$
 * }
 * $$=6x+5$$
 * }

The fact that both of these rules work is extremely significant mathematically because it means that differentiation is linear. You can take an equation, break it up into terms, figure out the derivative individually and build the answer back up, and nothing odd will happen.

We now need only one more piece of information before we can take the derivatives of any polynomial.

The Power Rule
$\frac{d}{dx}\big[x^n\big]=nx^{n-1}$ This has been proved in an example in Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithm Functions where it can be best understood.

For example, in the case of $$x^2$$ the derivative is $$2x^1=2x$$ as was established earlier. A special case of this rule is that $$\frac{dx}{dx}=\frac{dx^1}{dx}=1x^0=1$$.

Since polynomials are sums of monomials, using this rule and the addition rule lets you differentiate any polynomial. A relatively simple proof for this can be derived from the binomial expansion theorem.

This rule also applies to fractional and negative powers. Therefore

 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[\sqrt x\big]$$
 * $$=\frac{d}{dx}\big[x^\frac12\big]$$
 * $$=\frac12x^{-\frac12}$$
 * $$=\frac{1}{2\sqrt x}$$
 * }
 * $$=\frac12x^{-\frac12}$$
 * $$=\frac{1}{2\sqrt x}$$
 * }
 * $$=\frac{1}{2\sqrt x}$$
 * }

Derivatives of polynomials
With these rules in hand, you can now find the derivative of any polynomial you come across. Rather than write the general formula, let's go step by step through the process.
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[6x^5+3x^2+3x+1\big]$$

The first thing we can do is to use the addition rule to split the equation up into terms:
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[6x^5\big]+\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x^2\big]+\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x\big]+\frac{d}{dx}[1]$$

We can immediately use the linear and constant rules to get rid of some terms:
 * $$\frac{d}{dx}\big[6x^5\big]+\frac{d}{dx}\big[3x^2\big]+3+0$$

Now you may use the constant multiplier rule to move the constants outside the derivatives:
 * $$6\frac{d}{dx}\big[x^5\big]+3\frac{d}{dx}\big[x^2\big]+3$$

Then use the power rule to work with the individual monomials:
 * $$6(5x^4)+3(2x)+3$$

And then do some algebra to get the final answer:
 * $$30x^4+6x+3$$

These are not the only differentiation rules. There are other, more advanced, differentiation rules, which will be described in a later chapter.

Exercises

 * Find the derivatives of the following equations:

Solutions


text:
Wikiversity talk:Civility

policy in a nutshell
I suggest an addition to This policy in a nutshell:

 * Being rude, insensitive or petty makes people upset and prevents Wikiversity from working properly. Try to discourage others from being uncivil, and be careful to avoid offending people unintentionally. If you did though, apologize.

It is always helpful to have a clear guideline, especially if something went wrong.

Also later on the page, I'd suggest to add: 'If you happend to have offended someone, apologize. Remove the offense, if possible, and keep the apology. Do not expect others to act likewise, though.' Thanks for your consideration. --Purodha 16:08, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Nice bullet suggestion Purodha! I boldly added it to the "Reducing the Impact" section with a couple of minor changes.  Please check the bullet and tweak it if you have better wording or structure.  Mirwin 02:28, 15 September 2007 (UTC)

Voting on Official Policy Status
The vote for this policy took place here. The Jade Knight (d'viser) 21:23, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

Addition
I propose that the use of straw men be listed as an example of incivility. The Jade Knight (d'viser) 21:26, 15 October 2008 (UTC)
 * If no one is opposed, I'll add it. The Jade Knight (d'viser) 18:00, 25 August 2009 (UTC)

Note (removed from main page)
Editorial Note: This draft proposed policy is an attempt to allow heated factions a chance to go separate editing ways within the database during a cooling off period. Unlike an encyclypedia a learning institution can have multiple versions of material diverging as opposing factions get their logical arguments, references, assumed facts, and assumptions lined out. Please explore and express your opinion by voting here of this as a standard practice to help manage and reduce unnecessary strife. This note is not yet part of this policy proposal and should be deleted if the above link goes inactive. Mirwin 06:10, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

Relics?
A few of the suggestions were imported from Wikipedia, and seem to be in the formative/suggestive stage, and more appropriate for discussion than official policy. Examples: I recommend such examples be removed from the policy. The Jade Knight (d'viser) 21:11, 25 August 2009 (UTC)
 * Block certain users from editing specific pages that often trigger incivility
 * Create and enforce a new rule — based on use of certain words — that will allow temporary blocking or banning an editor using them more than a certain number of times.
 * Filter emails by the offender, or filter mail based on certain keywords and reject emails to the Wikiversity mailing list with those words

Name-calling
While current policy already implies this, I recommend we explicitly add "name-calling" as an example under "Personal Attacks" in this policy. The Jade Knight (d'viser) 16:49, 27 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I would be inclined to agree. --mikeu talk 21:23, 27 August 2009 (UTC)

Privatemusing using a fact on Jimbo Wales' comment
Even though Wikiversity is often considered to be a more mellowed and civil place than Wikipedia, in the spirit of pan-wikimedianism, as far as I can tell, putting a fact on someone else's comment is not "rude" (i.e. un-civil) or "vandalism" in the Wikimedia world unless that person happens to be Jimbo Wales.. I am surprised that my objective documentation of the status quo is described as "unhelpful", nonsense and "a silly attack on Jimbo" by User:Adambro.

It is very difficult to live in a place where the rules are arbitrary.

Adambro, my simple request is that you slow down and check your facts and talk to other Wikiversitians before you make any judgement and take any action. I hope that wouldn't be considered as unhelpful, nonsense or a silly attack on you. Best regards, Hillgentleman | //\\ |Talk 17:39, 14 April 2010 (UTC)

 * Stuff like this has no place in what should be serious policy. There's not a lot more for me to say. Adambro 17:52, 14 April 2010 (UTC)

 * You may be right, but we are here to talk. Let the events tell the story and the community be the judge.  Enough said. Hillgentleman | //\\ |Talk 18:00, 14 April 2010 (UTC)

 * It was inappropriate and Privatemusings knows it was. We are not Wikipedia, nor will we be Wikipedia. Comparisons between the two are not apt. Ottava Rima (talk) 18:10, 14 April 2010 (UTC)
 * "It was inappropriate and Privatemusings knows it was." <-- I was tempted to insert into that statement, but I'll ask here: Why was it inappropriate? --JWSchmidt 18:26, 14 April 2010 (UTC)
 * You do not edit other people's comments. Ottava Rima (talk) 18:28, 14 April 2010 (UTC)

title: Wikiversity talk:Civility


text:
Slovenia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015

Slovenia selected their Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 entry through Mini EMA 2015. The competing songs were broken down into two semi-finals taking place on 20 September and 27 September 2015 and the final on 4 October 2015. Lina Kuduzović was declared the winner and she represented Slovenia with her song "Prva ljubezen". She ended 3rd with 112 points, marking Slovenia's best result in both the Junior and Adult Eurovision Song Contests.

Mini EMA 2015
Mini EMA 2015 was the Slovenian national final format that was used by RTV Slovenija to select Slovenia's entry for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015.

Format
Mini EMA 2015 consisted of two semi-finals and a final. Six artists competed in Mini EMA, with 3 songs in each semi-final. In the two semi-finals, a three-member jury panel selected the winning song to proceed to the final. In the final, public televoting exclusively determined the winner. The competition was broadcast as a part of the television program Vikend paket.

Competing entries
Artists and composers were able to submit their entries to the broadcaster between 17 July 2015 and 31 August 2015. An expert committee consisting of Alenka Godec (singer), Anka Jazbec (director and conductor of the RTV Slovenija Children’s Choir) and Boštjan Grabnar (musician, composer, arranger and producer) selected six artists and songs for the competition from the received submissions. The competing artists were announced on 4 September 2015. The running order for the semi-finals were announced on 10 September 2015.

Semi-finals
The semi-finals of Mini EMA 2015 took place on 20 and 27 September 2015. A three-member jury panel selected one entry per semi-final to proceed to the final. The jury consisted of Nuška Drašček (singer), Nina Pušlar (singer-songwriter) and Patrik Greblo (head of music production for RTV Slovenija).

Final
The final of Mini EMA 2015 took place on 4 October 2015. A public vote selected "Prva ljubezen" performed by Lina Kuduzović as the winner.

Lina Kuduzović
Lina Kuduzović was born on 30 December 2002 in Ljubljana, the Slovenian capital. She's competed in many singing contests throughout her career, and has won many awards. In 2010 when she was just 7 years old Kuduzović won the first season of Slovenija ima talent (Slovenia's Got Talent).

Prva ljubezen
"Prva ljubezen" (First love) is a song by Slovenian child singer Lina Kuduzović who won first season of the Slovenia's Got Talent show. It represented Slovenia at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 in Bulgaria and she achieved 3rd place with 112 points which is Slovenia's best Junior Eurovision and Eurovision placing ever.

At Junior Eurovision
At the running order draw which took place on 15 November 2015, Slovenia were drawn to perform third on 21 November 2015, following and preceding. Slovenia finished in third place with 112 points.

The final was broadcast in Slovenia on TV SLO 1 with commentary by Andrej Hofer. The Slovenian spokesperson, who announced the Slovenian votes during the final, was Nikola Petek.

Final
Lina was wearing a white dress with a blue ribbon and a heart on the side of it. There was a huge snowflake on the bottom of the stage, and snow was falling in the backdrop during the entire performance. "Prva ljubezen" is a wintry love story, so a huge castle and pine trees covered in snow decorated the backdrop throughout the entire song. Dry ice and a windmachine were used during her performance.

At the end of the voting, Slovenia placed 3rd with 112 points.

Voting
The voting during the final consisted of 50 percent public televoting and 50 percent from a jury deliberation. The jury consisted of five music industry professionals who were citizens of the country they represent, with their names published before the contest to ensure transparency. This jury was asked to judge each contestant based on: vocal capacity; the stage performance; the song's composition and originality; and the overall impression by the act. In addition, no member of a national jury could be related in any way to any of the competing acts in such a way that they cannot vote impartially and independently. The individual rankings of each jury member were released one month after the final.

Following the release of the full split voting by the EBU after the conclusion of the competition, it was revealed that Slovenia had placed third with the public televote and fourth with the jury vote. In the public vote, Slovenia scored 98 points, while with the jury vote, Slovenia scored 77 points.

Below is a breakdown of points awarded to Slovenia and awarded by Slovenia in the final and the breakdown of the jury voting and televoting conducted during the final.

Detailed voting results
The following members comprised the Slovene jury:
 * Alenka Godec
 * Miha Gorše
 * Nuška Drašček
 * Lea Sirk
 * Boštjan Grabnar


text:
User:SBJohnny

This is a sockpuppet of --SB_Johnny | talk, used for tracking "Import:" redirect pages for pages imported from wikibooks.

title: User:SBJohnny


text:
Talk:Uralla, New South Wales

Try again for timelessness

 * recent wireless broadband trial in town using a tower on Mount Mutton has allowed independent IT professionals to relocate to the area, these have formed into a co-operative working arrangement [2]

This sounds nice, but it will date quickly. Could it be modified to cover who (a co-operative probably has a name. Who installed the wireless broadband equipment?) what - covered, a wireless broadband trail and a co-operative. when - this is my first real question where - covered (Mount Mutton), but could we have an article on Mount Mutton or a mention in the Uralla, New South Wales#landmarks section? why - Here is a good topic to investigate (!research) and report. Garrie

Sections please?
There is good content on this page but it is not wikified. Could it please be restructured into section such as 1 Geography and climate
 * (introduction) - this exists

2 History

6 Attractions

7 Notable people from Uralla (incl. Capt Thunderbolt)

8 External links

yeah the numbers will sort themselves out I just copied the Armidale Table of Contents.

Garrie 02:01, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Are foundries really major employers?
The section on "Industry" currently starts with:

However, the latest Census figures do not include metal work among the top five industries. Drilling down to the Community Profile shows that the entire Manufacturing industry accounts for only 36 jobs in the locality. I can't see any references that support the claimed amount of employment, so this raises the question of whether they really represent the "large amount of employment" claimed. If so, please provide references - otherwise this section needs to be removed. --Gronk Oz (talk) 13:25, 22 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 one external links on Uralla, New South Wales. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120210011921/http://www.aussieheritage.com.au/search.html?domains=www.aussieheritage.com.au%3Bwww.aussiehiking.com.au&q=uralla&sitesearch=www.aussieheritage.com.au&client=pub-1494469775155200&forid=1&channel=7359160318&ie=ISO-8859-1&oe=ISO-8859-1&flav=0002&sig=leMLoTwAAy3SrteY&cof=GALT:%23336699%3BGL:1%3BDIV:%23E3D4AC%3BVLC:336699%3BAH:center%3BBGC:E3D4AC%3BLBGC:8E866F%3BALC:336699%3BLC:336699%3BT:000000%3BGFNT:336699%3BGIMP:336699%3BFORID:11&hl=en to http://www.aussieheritage.com.au/search.html?domains=www.aussieheritage.com.au%3Bwww.aussiehiking.com.au&q=uralla&sitesearch=www.aussieheritage.com.au&client=pub-1494469775155200&forid=1&channel=7359160318&ie=ISO-8859-1&oe=ISO-8859-1&flav=0002&sig=leMLoTwAAy3SrteY&cof=GALT%3A%23336699%3BGL%3A1%3BDIV%3A%23E3D4AC%3BVLC%3A336699%3BAH%3Acenter%3BBGC%3AE3D4AC%3BLBGC%3A8E866F%3BALC%3A336699%3BLC%3A336699%3BT%3A000000%3BGFNT%3A336699%3BGIMP%3A336699%3BFORID%3A11&hl=en
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090712122023/http://brg.cma.nsw.gov.au/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=8&cntnt01returnid=413 to http://brg.cma.nsw.gov.au/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=8&cntnt01returnid=413
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060819195725/http://www.countrylink.info/timetables/northwest/armidale_from to http://www.countrylink.info/timetables/northwest/armidale_from

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:28, 10 November 2016 (UTC)

Solar farm
See https://web.archive.org/web/20200320223632/https://www.nswnationals.org.au/solar-farm-approval-to-recharge-local-economy which is probably a primary source but the proposal itself is likely to be encyclopedic. Andrewa (talk) 22:41, 20 March 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Uralla, New South Wales


text:
Union Line (Colorado River)

The Union Line was a transport company of steamboats of the Colorado River, owned by Thomas E. Trueworthy, operating in southeastern California, western Arizona Territory, and northwestern Mexico.

It was an opposition steamboat company to the George A. Johnson & Company on the Colorado River from 1864 to 1865. It was the first to use towed barges on the Colorado.

Establishment of the Union Line
Merchants and miners held a protest meeting at La Paz, Arizona on December 1, 1863, fed up with shortages, delayed and slow deliveries of freight to their stores and mines, by Johnson & Company, who owned the Colorado River's only two steamboats. They condemned the Johnson Company as a monopoly, that was trying to drive the miners out in order to gain control of the mines. The meeting voted to send a representative to San Francisco with a petition calling for the establishment of an opposition steamboat line on the Colorado River.

In San Francisco, their representative Samuel "Steamboat" Adams convinced the Chamber of Commerce to endorse an opposition line. Merchants of the city raised $25,000 by subscription, and Adams persuaded Captain Thomas E. Trueworthy, to send the Sacramento River steamboat Esmerelda under Captain Charles C. Overman and the Victoria, a four-masted schooner converted from a barge, to the Colorado River to establish the Union Line there.

Union Line on the Colorado River
The Victoria was to be a store ship at the mouth of the river, but she was soon broken up by the tidal bore soon after it reached the mouth of the river at the Colorado River Delta in March 1864.

After Overman arrived at the river in March 1864, he built the Black Crook, first tow barge to be used on the Colorado River. From May 1864, its success in delivering large amounts of cargo up river forced the Johnson Company to lower rates, build another steamboat and to add tow barges to his steamboats in 1864.

Union Line Consolidated
In the summer of 1865, with the steamboats Esmerelda of the Union Line and Nina Tilden of the Philadelphia Silver and Copper Mining Company (the other opposition line to the Johnson Company), was consolidated into the Pacific and Colorado Steam Navigation Company, also headed by Thomas E. Trueworthy, with backing from San Francisco financiers.

title: Union Line (Colorado River)


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/Local/myheart.net

Links

 * myheart.net resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Selected additions

 * Displayed 6 additions out of 7 total.	 For more info see WikiProject_Spam/LinkReports/myheart.net

Entry
Log entry for the MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist:

\bmyheart\.net\b            # ADMINNAME # see  [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spam/Local/myheart.net ]]

Discussion
See COIBot report for more details.

New data reported. --COIBot (talk) 08:13, 8 February 2015 (UTC) No links left in here mentioned edits. Marked stale. . --COIBot (talk) 19:56, 15 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Template:Did you know nominations/Dorothy Baker (madam)

Dorothy Baker (madam)

 * ... that Dorothy's Rooms (bathroom pictured), the last brothel in Helena, Montana, is reputedly haunted?
 * Reviewed: Castello Barbarossa
 * Comment: there's several building photos in the commonscat link and we get lots of those, so I chose the funky bathroom one. The photo of her is nonfree.

Created/expanded by PumpkinSky (talk), Montanabw (talk). Nominated by PumpkinSky (talk) at 02:02, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * ...ALT1 ... that a female state legislator proposed making Dorothy's Rooms (bathroom pictured), the last brothel in Helena, Montana, a historical landmark?

 * Symbol confirmed.svg New enough and long enough.  Fully supported by inline citations.  QPQ done.  Neutral enough. Acceptable copyrights on both images. No plagiarism concerns. Hook fact found in article.  Hooked fact support by inline sources. Image appears in article. --LauraHale (talk) 05:40, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

Good to go. I prefer alt1 because I find it more interesting. --LauraHale (talk) 05:40, 10 July 2012 (UTC)

 * I too prefer Alt1, haunted is kind of boring... Montanabw (talk) 17:19, 10 July 2012 (UTC)


text:
Eudendrium vaginatum

Eudendrium vaginatum is a marine species of cnidaria, a hydroid (Hydrozoa) in the family Eudendriidae.

title: Eudendrium vaginatum


text:
User:Emohmmd2/sandbox

Dynamic templating is a concept introduced first by Erfan Mohammadi and Ying Diao at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2016, which used to template conjugated polymer crystallization by means of dynamic templates based on Ionic Liquids. They discovered this effect inspired by biomineralization process in biological systems benefiting from reconfigurability of polymers assisting ions assembly.

Dynamic Templating
Dynamic templating is a concept introduced first by Erfan Mohammadi and Ying Diao at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2016, which used to template conjugated polymer crystallization by means of dynamic templates based on Ionic Liquids. They discovered this effect inspired by biomineralization process in biological systems benefiting from reconfigurability of polymers assisting ions assembly.

title: User:Emohmmd2/sandbox


text:
Southern Base Engineer Group 2 (United States)

Southern Base Engineer Group 2 was formed in the European Theater of Operations United States Army on 1 August 1943.

Composition
The units were as follows:

 * 332nd Engineer General Service Regiment
 * 333rd Engineer Special Service Regiment
 * 354th Engineer General Service Regiment
 * 437th Engineer Maintenance Company
 * 416th Engineer Dump Truck Company
 * 419th Engineer Dump Truck Company
 * 517th Engineer Dump Truck Company
 * 518th Engineer Dump Truck Company
 * 389th Engineer Battalion (separated unit)
 * 359th Engineer General Service Regiment
 * 1302nd Engineer General Service Regiment
 * 1278th Engineer Combat Battalion
 * 204th Engineer Combat Battalion
 * 300th Engineer Combat Battalion


text:
ratio variable

Noun

 * 1)  A variable with the features of interval variable and, additionally, whose any two values have meaningful ratio, making the operations of multiplication and division meaningful.

Translations

 * Czech: poměrová veličina, poměrová proměnná
 * Finnish: suhdeasteikollinen muuttuja
 * Tagalog: tagwaying aligin

title: ratio variable


text:
User:Joanna Loizou

I am a molecular biologist (PhD in 2004) and my longstanding research quest is understanding how human cells maintain their genomes and suppress the generation of mutations. My lab is based in Austria and I have worked in different European Institutes in Cyprus, the UK and France.

On Wikipedia, I edit pages on molecular medicine, cell biology, molecular biology and women in STEM.

Homepage: https://loizoulab.org/

--Joanna Loizou (talk) 13:48, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

title: User:Joanna Loizou


text:
Resistance (Battlestar Galactica)

"Resistance" is the fourth episode of the second season of the reimagined Battlestar Galactica television series. It aired originally on the Sci Fi Channel on August 5, 2005.

In the episode, Marines fire on civilians following Colonel Saul Tigh's declaration of martial law. President Laura Roslin and Lee "Apollo" Adama escape Galactica, Commander William Adama recovers, and Specialist Cally kills Galactica-Boomer. On Caprica, Starbuck and Helo join a human resistance group led by Sam Anders.

Plot
When civilian ships protest martial law, acting commander Tigh orders Marines to take withheld supplies by force. On the civilian ship Gideon, Marines open fire on a hostile but unarmed crowd of civilians, killing four. Fearing a split in the fleet, President Roslin and Apollo enlist help from Racetrack and Dualla to escape the brig, and go into hiding with Tom Zarek, Roslin's erstwhile political enemy.

Tigh has Chief Galen Tyrol thrown in a cell with Boomer who has recently been found to be a Cylon. He then orders Baltar to determine whether he is also a Cylon. Instead, Baltar injects Tyrol with poison and demands that Boomer reveal the number of Cylon agents still secretly aboard the fleet. After Boomer guesses that there are eight agents, Baltar administers the antidote and later clears Tyrol of being a Cylon.

On Caprica, Starbuck and Helo encounter humans who survived the initial Cylon attacks and formed a resistance group. After a firefight and a Mexican standoff, the two groups persuade each other they are not Cylons by discussing sports.

Back on Galactica, a still-weak Commander Adama resumes command. Tigh confesses he has made mistakes, but Adama sympathizes with the pressures of command. An angry crowd gathers to witness Boomer's transfer to a specially-constructed holding cell. During the transfer, Specialist Cally shoots Boomer, who dies in Tyrol's arms declaring her love for him.

Characterization
In his podcast commentary on "Resistance", executive producer Ronald D. Moore discussed his views of what the episode's events reveal about several of the characters.
 * As in his commentary on the season premiere, "Scattered", Moore notes that Tigh proves that he is a poor leader when the fleet is not under attack. He is held back by his lack of political skill, his emotional reactions and Ellen's manipulation. Moore's "Scattered" podcast also mentions Tigh's drinking; Tigh is shown drinking numerous times in "Resistance".
 * Moore says that Ellen's manipulation is both conscious and unconscious. Ellen reacts to Saul's weakness by attacking.
 * According to Moore, Baltar's extortion in Boomer's cell is the beginning of a darkening of his character. Baltar hoped to continue his manipulation during the planned tests if Cally had not killed Boomer.
 * According to Moore, neither Roslin nor Apollo contemplated escape until the Gideon shooting.
 * Starbuck and Anders are each supposed to be able to tell intuitively that the other is not a Cylon. Moore says a character point like this is difficult to show onscreen and does not feel it came across in this case.
 * Over preceding episodes, Roslin's Marine guard, Corporal Venner, comes to believe she is a divinely appointed leader, and in "Resistance" he helps her escape the brig. Moore ascribes this both to the guard's background on a "fundamentalist" human colony but also to the general lack of a strong central authority since the destruction of the Colonies. The writers considered planning an expanded role for Venner in future episodes but decided against it.

Analysis
Moore notes that Tigh's actions in "Resistance" make it easy to think badly of him despite Tigh's positive contributions; Moore cites examples in the miniseries that served as the series's backdoor pilot and the episodes "33", "Scattered", and "Valley of Darkness". Moore suggests this raises questions about "the nature of heroism".

Moore compares the shooting aboard the Gideon to the Boston Massacre. A group of ill-prepared soldiers, faced with a hostile mob, hears a shot fired and panics. Moore is careful to point out that who fires the first shot on the Gideon is unknown.

Questioned by Ellen why Tigh did not shoot down Roslin's Raptor, Tigh replies, "It was his son." However, Susan Tankersley of Television Without Pity argues Tigh would not have shot down Roslin's Raptor even if Apollo had not been aboard. In her analysis, Tigh is by now aware of the negative impacts of his bad decisions and unwilling to kill someone he knows is not truly his enemy. Tankersley also speculates things might have ended differently if Tigh were drunk, but in this scene he "seems sober."

In "Scattered", in return for parole, Apollo agreed not to "make any attempt to free [Roslin] or sow insurrection among the crew" while on duty. Moore is unsure whether Apollo's actions in "Resistance" constitute a parole violation, since he secures passage to the launching bay by telling his guards he is needed to help a Raptor Pilot. In Moore's view, the question is important for Apollo's character as "a point of honor". Jason Davis of Mania calls Apollo "mutinous".

Two shots with blood dropping on the floor appear in the episode: one after Tigh interrogates Tyrol, and one after Boomer dies. Davis says this "recurring visual motif... continues the philosophical debate on what it means to be human/Cylon".

Moore, Tankersley, Davis, Jen Segrest of AOL's TV Squad, Jacob Clifton of Television Without Pity, and Simon Brew of Den of Geek compare Cally's actions in this episode to those of Jack Ruby.

Writing
During development, "Resistance" was known as the "Kent State episode" because of how Tigh's heavy-handed tactics lead to civilian deaths. Moore later came to believe the incident bears greater resemblance to the Boston Massacre.

Early plot outlines for "Resistance" included scenes in which Baltar would interrogate Boomer. The writers replaced these scenes with the Tyrol subplot after realizing that other characters would likely suspect Tyrol following his rescue from Kobol in the previous episode, "Fragged". Later the writers considered establishing a love triangle among Baltar, Boomer, and Six.

In early drafts, Ellen was shown playing a direct role in running Galactica, giving orders and urging Saul to shoot down Roslin's Raptor in the CIC. The writers decided this was less believable than her indirect influence through manipulating Saul's emotions.

Boomer's last words are, "I love you, Chief." Moore had her call him by his title rather than his first name because Moore thinks "Galen" sounds funny and feared it would interfere with the audience's experience of the moment. For comparison he cited George Costanza's reaction in Seinfeld to learning that Kramer's first name is Cosmo.

The writers had Billy decline to go with Roslin because actor Paul Campbell would be unavailable to shoot the next episode. Campbell was in Los Angeles filming a pilot for another series that was not picked up.

Filming
Director Allan Kroeker shot the first scene set on Caprica, in which the resistance fighters spot Starbuck and Helo and decide to kill them, is filmed from the resistance's perspective. He did this to provide a different flavor to a situation in which protagonists mistakenly target other protagonists, which Moore called "a very traditional plot move." The shootout and standoff were filmed in one day, but because of safety issues and the complexity of the choreography it took, in Moore's words, "an ungodly amount of time."

The scenes in the launching bay before Roslin's escape were filmed in front of a green screen, as the crew did not have access to a large enough set. The blood drops in the shots at the beginning and end of "Resistance" are both CGI.

Asked in a December 2005 interview what was the most difficult scene in the series to shoot, actor Aaron Douglas (Tyrol) said, "The scenes where someone dies in the Chief's arms are difficult to do because they take a really long time to shoot and you are constantly in a state of loss and sadness. They are very draining."

Connections to other series elements

 * The writers intended this episode's scenes between Apollo and Dee to hint at developments in their relationship planned for later in the second season. (Dee glances downward at Apollo as he exits one of these scenes.) In "Sacrifice", they go on a date. In Part 2 of "Lay Down Your Burdens" it is revealed that they marry during humanity's residence on planet New Caprica, before the Cylon occupation. Seeing the characters' dynamic in "Resistance" convinced Moore to develop their relationship.

Reception
"Resistance" received favorable critical review. In a positive review, Segrest especially praised actor James Callis (Baltar). Tankersley gave "Resistance" a B, praising Callis and the scenes between the Tighs, but criticizing the scenes on Caprica as alternately confusingly frantic and boring. Davis praised the performances of actors Michael Hogan (Saul Tigh) and Kate Vernon (Ellen Tigh), and the episode's treatment of "the dangers and moral uncertainty underlying any breaking of the chain of command". Davis compared Battlestar Galactica favorably to Babylon 5 in this regard. Brew also reviewed the episode favorably, expressing appreciation for the focus on conflicts among humans rather than between human and Cylon.

Eric Goldman of IGN ranked Tigh taking command at #11 on his list of the top 20 storylines and moments in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica.

title: Resistance (Battlestar Galactica)


text:
Talk:Farhan Akhtar/Archive 1

Name
I have no idea why someone changed the last name to "Sahir". I have found no documentation of his last name being anything other than "Akhtar." I changed it back, fixed the spellings in Hindi and Urdu, and added an IPA transcription.Dieresis (talk) 10:19, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Farhan Akhtar/Archive 1


text:
Daniele Amfitheatrof

Daniele Alexandrovich Amfitheatrof (Даниил Александрович Амфитеатров, 29 October 1901 – 4 June 1983) was a Russian, American, and Italian composer and conductor.

Biography
Amfitheatrof was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia on 29 October 1901; his grandfather was Nikolay Sokolov.

In his youth, Amfitheatrof studied first with Jāzeps Vītols at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, then Jaroslav Křička in Prague. Most of Amfitheatrof's studies took place in Rome, where he completed his studies in composition at the Conservatorio di Santa Cecilia under Ottorino Respighi. Amfitheatrof also graduated in organ playing from the Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music.

His career began as a répétiteur at the Teatro Augusteo, where he eventually became assistant conductor to Bernardino Molinari. After obtaining a number of positions in Italy, including house conductor and manager at the EIAR station in Turin, Amfitheatrof left to become associate conductor of the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra under music director Dimitri Mitropoulos.

In 1939, Amfitheatrof relocated to Hollywood, California, where he established himself as a film composer. He became a naturalized American citizen in 1944. Altogether, Amfitheatrof scored more than seventy films.

With World War II imminent in Europe, Amfitheatrof elected to remain in the United States. He relocated his family to California on the recommendation of Boris Morros, then director of music at Paramount Pictures. Amfitheatrof was hired by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios under an exclusive four-year contract (1939–1943). His scores at MGM include those for Lassie Come Home, the first major film of a young Elizabeth Taylor. During his twenty-six years in Hollywood, where he was employed by each of the major studios at one time or another, he composed the scores (often uncredited) for over 50 films, including Letter from an Unknown Woman, The Desert Fox, The Naked Jungle, The Last Hunt, and The Mountain. His final score was written for Major Dundee in 1965. (This score, which was disliked by many, including director Sam Peckinpah, was replaced with a new score by Christopher Caliendo for the reconstructed version, which was released theatrically in 2005; both scores can be heard on the DVD, released later that year.)

Amfitheatrof was twice nominated for an Oscar for his work, on Guest Wife and Song of the South. Amfitheatrof once remarked in written correspondence (citation: private letters) with his friend and colleague, John Steven Lasher, that his career in Hollywood "as a prostitute composer" ultimately tarnished his image as a professional musician. As a result, he was unable to secure commissions or performances of his concert works.

Death
Amfitheatrof died at his home in Rome on 7 June 1983, after a prolonged period of declining health.

Partial filmography

 * Lassie Come Home (1943)
 * I'll Be Seeing You (1944)
 * The Captain from Köpenick (completed in 1941, released in 1945)
 * Guest Wife (1945)
 * Miss Susie Slagle's (1946)
 * The Virginian (1946)
 * Song of the South (1946)
 * Temptation (1946)
 * Suspense (1946)
 * The Lost Moment (1947)
 * Ivy (1947)
 * Time Out of Mind (1947)
 * The Senator Was Indiscreet (1947)
 * Letter from an Unknown Woman (1948)
 * Another Part of the Forest (1948)
 * Rogues' Regiment (1948)
 * An Act of Murder (1948)
 * The Fan (1949)
 * The Capture (1950)
 * Copper Canyon (1950)
 * The Damned Don't Cry! (1950)
 * Bird of Paradise (1951)
 * Storm Warning (1951)
 * The Desert Fox (1951)
 * Devil's Canyon (1953)
 * The Naked Jungle (1954)
 * Human Desire (1954)
 * Day of Triumph (1954)
 * The Last Hunt (1956)
 * The Mountain (1956)
 * From Hell to Texas (1958)
 * Heller in Pink Tights (1960)
 * Major Dundee (1965)

title: Daniele Amfitheatrof


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/storyme.in

Links

 * storyme.in resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * COIBot domainredlist search for link storyme.in gives:
 * storyme.in (Automonitor: reported to m:Talk:Spam blacklist (diff))
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is globally blacklisted by \bstoryme\.in\b
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is globally blacklisted by \bstoryme\.in\b

Additions

 * Displayed all 29 additions.


text:
Joseph Guinan

Rev. Canon Joseph Guinan (1863–1932) was an Irish Roman Catholic priest, teacher and novelist.

Biography
Joseph Guinan was born in King's County (now County Offaly) in 1863. He was educated at St. Mel's College, Longford, before going to St. Patrick's College, Maynooth to train as a priest. He was ordained by Dr. Batholmew Woodcock for the Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise. He served as a curate in Liverpool, returning to Ireland to teach English, Religion and Mathematics in St. Mel's College. Due to ill health he left teaching, and he was appointed parish priest of Bornacoola, County Leitrim, in 1910. He contributed the article on Henry Essex Edgeworth to the Catholic Encyclopedia. While in Dromod, County Longford in 1920 he was made a Canon of the Catholic Church.

Works

 * The Soggarth Aroon by Rev. Joseph Guinan, Published by The Talbot Press Limited (1944)
 * Scenes and Sketches in an Irish Parish or Priest and People in Doon by Rev. Joseph Guinan, Published by Dublin, Gill, Dublin (1910).
 * The Moores of Glynn by Rev. Joseph Guinan. Published by Washbourne/Gill, London/Dublin (1907)
 * Donal Kenny by Rev. Joseph Guinan, R. & T. Washbourne, Ltd., London, 1910.

title: Joseph Guinan


text:
Talk:Bulli High School

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Bulli High School, New South Wales. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150206213257/http://seacliffcos.weebly.com/ to http://seacliffcos.weebly.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150206213257/http://seacliffcos.weebly.com/ to http://seacliffcos.weebly.com/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:16, 10 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Bulli High School, New South Wales. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150206213257/http://seacliffcos.weebly.com/ to http://seacliffcos.weebly.com/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 12:16, 27 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bulli High School


text:
Talk:Puzzles/Logic puzzles/Lying about your Age

Lying about your Age

Carrie said to Annie: "I'm ten years older than you."

''I realized that when one of them spoke to somebody older than themselves, everything they said was true, but when speaking to somebody younger, everything they said was false. ''

Two possibilities: Carrie is older (speaking to younger) OR Carrie is younger (speaking to older).

If Carrie is older and speaking to someone younger, then everything she said is false. Therefore, Carrrie cannot be older. If Carrie is younger and speaking to someone older, then everything she said is true. Therefore, she is older. But we originally assumed that she was younger. Reductio ad absurdum. Lord Emsworth 00:54, 11 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * The second argument is nice: If Carrie would be younger then she would be telling the truth (i.e. implying that she is 10 years older which leads to a contradiction). This is the kind of reasoning you'll need! The first argument is not valid, I think: If Carrie is older, then the sentence "I'm ten years older than you." must be false. This does NOT mean that Carrie is younger, it could be that Carrie is 5 years or 20 years older! (I'm not sure if I said this in the problem, but you can assume that all persons have a different age). Thomas

 * Ah... The sentence "when speaking to somebody younger, everything they said was false" might have been misleading.

 * I see. I don't know though how to formulate it in a better way. If you have an idea, please feel free to edit it Thomas

 * Of course, it is fine now that it has been clarified. --Lord Emsworth 00:49, 12 Oct 2003 (UTC)

I think it needs to be clarified that ONLY one person lies, and ONLY when they are talking to someone younger. --Hitsthings (talk) 06:25, 9 April 2008 (UTC)


text:
Gaius Vitrasius Pollio (prefect AD 41)

Gaius Vitrasius Pollio was a Roman eques who flourished during the reign of the emperor Claudius. He was appointed to the important office of praefectus or governor of Roman Egypt from AD 38 to 41.

The Vitrasii came from Cales. Pollio is considered the son of Vitrasius Pollio, who was praefectus of Roman Egypt around the year 32.

Upon arriving in Alexandria, Vitrasius Pollio had to deal with the aftermath of the Alexandrian riots of 38, which had been suppressed by his predecessor, Aulus Avilius Flaccus. Both sides in the riots, the Greeks and the Jews living in Alexandria, petitioned Pollio with their grievances; Pollio referred the matter to Claudius. A copy of the emperor's reply has survived in a papyrus found in the Fayyum.

Pollio and the commander of the cohors Ituraeorum, Lucius Eienus Saturninus, erected a dedication to emperor Claudius 28 April 39 at Syene. When he returned to Rome, Vitrasius Pollio brought several pieces of porphyry stone he had quarried in Egypt, hoping to introduce an interest in that material. According to Pliny the Elder, it failed to attract sufficient interest.

title: Gaius Vitrasius Pollio (prefect AD 41)


text:
Echium brevirame

Echium brevirame is a species of flowering plant of the family Boraginaceae. It is endemic to the Canary Islands, where it is restricted to the island of La Palma.

It is a low woody shrub with, average height 30 cm, maximum height 100 cm. The leaves are leathery, spiny, and lance-shaped. Its flowers are white and sit in a compact inflorescence.

authors: The less mind, the more like-minded ones around

title: Echium brevirame


text:
Talk:Maurice Lucas

Comments
Not sure why "The Enforcer" nick was removed, I grew up a Blazer fan and this is a common nickname; he says people still call him that "all the time". Heres an article from Blazers.com: Ten Questions With The Enforcer. -Big Smooth 01:47, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 23:42, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Maurice Lucas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090406015341/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com:80/2009/basketball/nba/04/02/lucas.ap/index.html to http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/basketball/nba/04/02/lucas.ap/index.html

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 06:29, 13 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Maurice Lucas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130509062256/http://www.remembertheaba.com/Spirits-of-St-Louis.html to http://www.remembertheaba.com/Spirits-of-St-Louis.html
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/5kJBxiNbR?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.remembertheaba.com%2FTeamMaterial%2FStLouisMaterial%2FMavsCougarsSpiritsYearly.html to http://www.remembertheaba.com/TeamMaterial/StLouisMaterial/MavsCougarsSpiritsYearly.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:49, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Maurice Lucas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080517162930/http://www.remembertheaba.com/ABAGeneralInfo/30YearTeam.html to http://www.remembertheaba.com/ABAGeneralInfo/30YearTeam.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 03:20, 25 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Maurice Lucas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101122011355/http://databasebasketball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=LUCASMA01 to http://www.databasebasketball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=LUCASMA01

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:03, 9 June 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Maurice Lucas


text:
Talk:Ralph Prator

Discussion during review at Articles for Creation
I'm not convinced that this college administrator has achieved encyclopedic notability. As I write this, the draft has only two sources. The one that supports most of the material is an obituary in the Local section of the Los Angeles Times. Unlike most family-written local obituaries, this one does have a by-line. But the author is someone who attended the subject's college and who now teaches at it. And the other source, Santa Susana Press, is affiliated with that same college. So, there's no independent sourcing here. And the very fact that the Times chose to publish the obituary in its Local section, and not in its main section, suggests that the paper itself didn't believe that the subject was of anything more than local interest. Conceivably, "inherent notability" might be claimed under item 6 of WP:NACADEMICS. But this argument works only if San Fernando Valley State College can somehow be deemed a "major academic institution". I'm not sure it can, but others might disagree. If so, it will be good to see some demonstration of that claim (any Nobel Laureates on the teaching staff? Consistent high rankings from reliable sources that make such rankings?  Something else?). On a less basic note, I was a little surprised to see that no mention was made of the circumstances that led to the subject stepping down from the presidency of the college, even though he continued to teach there. A quick reading of the obituary suggests that the action might have been done under controversial circumstances, specifically a perceived lack of interest in minority recruitment. Our overall policy of presenting even-handed neutral information requires that we not restrict article content to "positive" material. If the draft's creator has any comments or questions, I'll be happy to discuss. NewYorkActuary (talk) 15:01, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your critique. I agree that the book written by Santa Susana Press should not be the only source, since that press is affiliated with the university.  However, I disagree with you about the independence of the obituary in the Los Angeles Times.  The author of the obituary was a journalist on staff with the Los Angeles Times at the time she wrote the obituary.  She became a faculty member at the university several years after she wrote the article.  Her graduation from the school is incidental.  It seems draconian to say that a source cannot be cited in Wikipedia if the author of the source once attended the same school that the subject of the article is affiliated with.  And I haven't seen that rule in the Wikipedia notability guidelines.  As for the criticism that the obituary was published in the Local section of the paper, remember that Local in Los Angeles is the San Fernando Valley, with a population of almost two million people.  It's not a backwater.  As for the question of inherent notability, note that San Fernando Valley State College (now California State University, Northridge) is the largest university in the region, and the second largest university in the city of Los Angeles (which itself is the second largest city in the United States).  CSUN is not a research university like UCLA or USC, but it is a major university that is one of the largest in the state of California, with a number of attributes that make it notable.  It has several impressive rankings that are listed at California_State_University,_Northridge.  None of this would have been possible without Ralph Prator's leadership as the first president of the university.  At any rate, I've taken to heart your comments about even-handed neutral information and added several citations that show the circumstances under which Ralph Prator resigned in 1968.

Ungathering (talk) 00:39, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I've responded to reviewers' comments about multiple sources by adding several new citations that come from different newspapers, books, and dissertations. I have also removed the citation to the book published by the Santa Susana Press.  In terms of the multiple articles from the Los Angeles Times being considered "one source" or "multiple sources," see Multiple Sources in Talk:Notability.

Ungathering (talk) 00:43, 3 November 2017 (UTC)

WP:NACADEMIC
Another response on my talk page ~Kvng (talk) 14:23, 8 November 2017 (UTC)

I'm wondering kvng, under criteria 6 of WP:NACADEMIC, wouldn't he be notable? ("6. The person has held a highest-level elected or appointed administrative post at a major academic institution or major academic society.") Galobtter (talk) 08:26, 8 November 2017 (UTC)

 * That looks like a promising angle. We'd have to establish that San Fernando Valley State College could be considered a major academic institution in 1958-1968 when the subject was in this post. ~Kvng (talk) 14:23, 8 November 2017 (UTC)
 * "In 1964, the pioneering computer lab was moved into quarters in the newly completed Sierra Hall building complex, and student enrollment reached nearly 12,000." Relevant discussions I found were this and this. 12000 students does seem in the range and it probably granted Ph.Ds by then so it seems "likely" to pass AfD to me. Galobtter (talk) 04:05, 9 November 2017 (UTC) Addendum: according to this article enrollment reached 16,000, which would be somewhere I assume top 100 universities by enrollment at that time. Galobtter (talk) 05:01, 9 November 2017 (UTC)
 * All articles should contain an assertion of notability telling readers why the subject is important. The Impact section of this article currently asserts that his notability comes from growing the university quickly. If you're going to go with the major academic institution angle, you should include something about that there and probably the lead too.
 * I'm not sure if you're aware, but the procedure from here is for you to make any necessary improvements and resubmit the draft. It will then be reviewed again by someone else in due course. ~Kvng (talk) 15:22, 9 November 2017 (UTC)
 * I'm not the author of the article - I'm another reviewer. I just noticed this draft. Haha. Also the lead sentences does state he is the president, and the impact section talks about his impact as president at the university. I personally would accept. Galobtter (talk) 15:26, 9 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ralph Prator