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Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Jaranda

 * ''The following discussion is preserved as an archive of a request for adminship that did not succeed. Please do not modify it.

Jaranda
Final (55/17/15) ended 17:36, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

– Jaranda (formally Aranda56) has been active for the past 7 and a half months, participating in a range of activities including vandal fighting, AFD's, and article space edits. He has even founded a WikiProject and has written a featured article. In the course of these activities, Jaranda has created more than 100 articles and has accumulated more than 9,400 edits.

In the past, Jaranda (under the name Aranda56) did not succeed in 3 previous nominations (2 of which he withdrew). However, the main reasons that people have opposed these noms do not apply now. For the first two noms, Jaranda did not succeed because he had not been there long enough, which is no longer the case. For the third nom, there were a couple of leginamate complains, but Jaranda assures me that he has taken steps to reform himself to address those concerns.

I feel that a kind and committed user like Jaranda would make a great administrator, and would be a big help in vandal-fighting and closing AFD's. We need more users like Jaranda as administrators so that Wikipedia can continue to maintain itself as it grows, and can continue to be one of the best websites on the Internet.  Wh e re  (talk) 02:27, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Candidate, please indicate acceptance of the nomination here: I accept the nomination. Thanks --Jaranda wat's sup 20:24, 20 March 2006 (UTC) I withdraw, I'm clearly not ready for this. I won't run for adminship ever again --Jaranda wat's sup 17:36, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

Support
 * 1) Super pre-nom support! Great user, deserves the mop. -- Rory 0 96 02:27, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Great job with everything I've seen, very open and always ready to listen -- Tawker 02:42, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Per my nom :-)  Wh e re  (talk)  Clarify T1-reduce wikiStrife 02:44, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) When I first came on with the CVU, I was very surprized to see that Aranda wasn't already an admin, considering his hard work and dedication to Wikipedia. He has worked very hard and has put up with a lot during my tenure here, and I would look forward to see his work continue as an administraitor. --Pilotguy  (  talk ¦  ✉  ) '' 21:01, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Support same as the last time. Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk  21:10, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Support CanadianCaesar Et tu, Brute? 21:13, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Support. Oleg Alexandrov (talk) 21:19, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Support. — FireFox • T [21:23, 20 March 2006]
 * 9) Support again. -- a.n.o.n.y.m  t 21:58, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Support looks good! ¡Dustimagic!  ( T / C ) 22:32, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 11) Support Nacon kantari   e |t||c|m 22:44, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 12) Support as last time (whichever iteration that was ;) ). --Syrthiss 22:45, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 13) Support seen him around, good fellow.--Alhutch 22:46, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 14) Support dedicated and trust-worthy Tim (meep) 22:48, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 15) Support.   GUÐSÞEGN  – UTEX – 23:05, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 16) Support Joe I  23:52, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 17) Support. —Guanaco 23:55, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 18) Support.-R.D.H. (Ghost In The Machine) 00:05, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 19) Support Just another star in the night T 00:41, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 20) Support M o e   ε  00:48, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 21) Strong support, second-most qualified non-admin at this time. Tough on vandalism, great contributor to AFD discussions, and he has also created and/or significantly improved several sports-related biographical articles, as enumerated on his userpage. Furthermore, he has learned to be the complete anti-thesis of dick without compromising his masculinity, there is nothing to suggest that Jorge would misuse admin tools, and I do not understand the oppose votes below. — Mar. 21, '06 [00:59]
 * How do you rank the nono admins, out of interest??Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 03:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I'll note that he's previously been blocked for 3RR, surely revert warring admins aren't good for us. NSL E (T+C) at 01:05 UTC (2006-03-21)
 * 1) Strong Support like the last two times. He's clearly qualified and very friendly.  I know few Wikipedians who have not been somewhat frazzled lately, and cannot hold opposer's complaints against candidate. Xoloz 01:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Support. Helpful and friendly. AnnH ♫ 01:23, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Support - Hahnchen 01:36, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Support, per all of the above. Helpful, friendly, good vandal fighter, good editor. I've seen no evidence that he's likely to become involved in revert wars, even if he has been previously blocked for breaking 3RR. Requesting the block implies that he saw his error and was truly sorry for it, as shown by his comments below. Jud e  (talk,contribs,email) 01:39, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Support an insightful, solid editor, whom I entrust with admin privilleges. -- Jay  (Reply)  02:14, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Support Pegasus1138 Talk  02:43, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Support, solid, veteran user.Blnguyen | Have your say!!! 03:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Support. Flowerparty ■ 03:28, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Support: Good and helpful editor. Tutmosis 04:00, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) support: Tireless contributor whose recognition with Admin status, evidently, is long overdue.  Ombudsman 04:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I wouldn't call him tireless, he seems to burn out every fortnight or so. Also, "recognition with admin status"...we don't give it out as a reward for time spent here or good editing, otherwise SPUI would have it. (SPUI for admin!) Rob Church 17:00, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Support: Good contributor. Olorin28 04:13, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Support; I see him around, and his edits improve articles. Matt Yeager ♫ ( Talk? ) 05:05, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Support per above. --Khoikhoi 05:39, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Support. Jaranda is very qualified to be an admin. His contributions are good. I would thoroughly trust him with the mop and bucket.-- Dakota ~  °  05:53, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Support I don't think there is anything to suggest he'll abuse admin powers. I am, however, a bit concerned about the issue raised by Lord Bob.  While it seems that stepping back from the situation for a few hours and put Wikipedia aside has been a helpful strategy for him,   I hope that he has enough sense to seek help if he is really burning-out and feels he can no longer cope. Nephron 06:06, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Support Jaranda seems to be a valuable contributor whose name I see quite often. I'm confident he'll make good use of the admin powers. mdmanser 09:17, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) support personal interactions wih this user has give me an excellent impressionBenon 10:17, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Support. Good contributor, and withdrawing for a while when one is stressed out is not a bad thing. Sjakkalle (Check!)  11:38, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Support. And I hope you take it easy next time when you're under wikistress ;-) --Ton e 14:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Support A great user. -- S iva1979 Talk to me  14:12, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 11) Support unconditionally.-- May the Force be with you! Shreshth91 ($ |-| ŗ 3 $ |-| ţ |-|)  15:22, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 12) Support. In the past I have not felt ready to support Jaranda, primarily because of communications issues. I have followed his progress and I believe he has earned my support.  I'll admit that I cringe a little when he announces that he is leaving, but taking a break is exactly what he should be doing in those instances, though more quietly and with less finality.  The bottom line, however, is that I think he knows the role of an admin and will handle the job appropriately. -- DS1953 talk  17:24, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 13) Support.  Grue   19:31, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 14) Support --Latinus 23:17, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 15) Strong Support -- SmthManly  / ManlyTalk  / ManlyContribs  00:12, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 16) Strong Support!, per my promise here. Just the fact that he's stuck around here through 5 previous RfAs shows that he is much more dedicated than the average user here.  How many people (not bots) can you name that have written over 100 articles, including a featured one?  How good is this guy at reverting vandalism?  Jaranda's many times more qualified than I am to be an admin, and I'm an admin (who he nominated)!  He's one of the most underrated people here. --Idont Havaname (Talk) 00:30, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 17) Support as positive member of Wikipedia, lets give him a chance. Yamaguchi先生 00:58, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 18) Support. NoSeptember   talk  01:09, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 19) Support I see no strong evidence that this nominee will abuse his admin tools.--MONGO 02:33, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 20) Support Although he has claimed leaving wikipedia several times, he was under pressure and he never left, he said that wouldn't happen to him again as an admin and I believe him wholeheartedly. I've seen him around here and there and he's made great edits, I have no problems with him and I wish him the best of luck in the future hopefully as an admin. -- Patman2648 21:25, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 21) Strong Support, he is one of the best editors on Wikipedia. He also does admin coaching, he has enough experience on Wikipedia. Its time for him to handle the mop and bucket. --Ter e nce Ong 08:42, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 22) Support --Ixfd64 09:46, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 23) Support, seems unlikely to abuse admin tools. - Liberatore(T) 13:52, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 24) That's hot. Mike H. That's hot 19:32, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

Oppose

 * 1) Oppose. I felt terrible about my reason for opposing him last time (spelling), since it seemed so trite. And I was all set to go support on this one. But I noticed something disconcerting: he seems to have a habit of declaring he's leaving Wikipedia forever, and then coming back. The reasons for these seem to be acute wikistress. I present into the record the following revisions from the history of his user page (this was only a fairly brief look, but I think I got them all):
 * 2) *Wants to quit - October 15, 2005
 * 3) *Takes an indefinite wikibreak, saying he likely won't be back - November 4, 2005
 * 4) **Proclaims he shall return after a few weeks - November 5, 2005
 * 5) **After this, leaves a quit message - November 6, 2005
 * 6) *Leaves again in anger over his RfA - December 8, 2005 #* (reneges an hour later)
 * 7) *Another indefinite wikibreak - December 12, 2005
 * 8) *"I am leaving wikipedia." - January 6, 2006
 * 9) **Adjusts to "staying but almost inactive"
 * 10) *Proclaims that, although he is trying to leave Wikipedia forever, he cannot. - January 15, 2006
 * 11) *Proclaims a long wikibreak because of editing problems on History of Miami, Florida (which later became an FC anyway) - January 25, 2006
 * 12) *"Bye" - February 4, 2006 (declares in an edit summary that he is returning less than twelve hours later, both because of "no more stupid RFAs" and because of Comcast cable internet)
 * 13) *Again, declares he is leaving Wikipedia - February 8, 2006
 * 14) *Another indefinite wikibreak where he "may or may [not] come back", presumably because of userboxes. - February 27, 2006 (declares this wikibreak no longer indefinite less than a day later)
 * He seems to have a real problem with wikistress, with various problems coming up as recently as February. From what I have been led to believe, adminship is not a cure for wikistress, and I cannot entrust the mop to somebody who already spends so much time on a razor's edge with Wikipedia. Lord Bob 23:11, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I explained in question 3 --Jaranda wat's sup 23:54, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I don't see how that explains he wouldn't make a good admin. Having stress doesn't prove a user would misuse admin tools. M o e   ε  01:06, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I do agree it proves nothing, but it is evidence against that I find persuasive. I don't see that adding an admin who has attempted to quit eleven times in seven months, no matter how high his edit count is, can be a good thing. Lord Bob 01:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * And pray tell, how is it bad that he left? Did he do something offensive, misleading or just plain bad by leaving. I should say not. Having a life outside Wikipedia is alright. The evidence shown isn't that pursuasive either. M o e   ε  01:28, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * The problem is that, in his eleven attempts to leave over the last seven months, he has proven that he is easily susceptible to stress, more than most of us as the raw numbers show. This doesn't mean he's a bad editor. It means that putting him in an even more stressful position, in my mind, is a bad idea. Lord Bob 01:35, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * That still doesn't prove that he would abuse admin tools. Stress does not cause one to misuse the tools. M o e   ε  01:46, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * If we disagree on the basic point that "stress can make people do things they'd later regret", I don't think we're ever going to reach an agreement on this. Lord Bob 01:52, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Agreed. :-D No hard feelings Bob. M o e   ε  02:02, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * It is interesting that Jaranda cannot accurately guess how long he will be on a wikibreak to deal with inevitable wikistress. However, I do not understand how this will affect Jaranda's behavior when he is not on a wikibreak.  Wh e re  (talk) 15:14, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose per Lord Bob's observations (woohoo, you collected the diffs so I didn't have to!), weak answers to questions and perception that this user isn't - and perhaps never will - be suited for adminship. Rob Church 00:26, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Per above, also see new questions below. Also, cannot have disruptive admins. NSL E (T+C) at 00:44 UTC (2006-03-21)
 * I admit I do get very streesed out when something goes bad, but who doesn't. I tried to unsuccesfully quit or get burned out, several times but I keep coming back in one way or another because I'm too hooked. I know that I have a good chance of burning out rather rapidly if I get granted adminship, but I'm trying to avoid that to the best of my abilty. I would use my adminship powers in a non-burnout way like avoiding wheel-wars, avoiding closing close AFDs and avoiding undoing other admins decisions unless it's clearly done in bad faith and instead do simple admin work like reverting clear vandalism with rollback or deleting nonsense. Thanks --Jaranda wat's sup 01:05, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes I admit I was a bit disruptive there, but that was when I was very stressed out about that RFA I accepted that foolishy becuase of some autoblocks I hit and I completly felt sorry there, I wasn't trying to be disruptive and I won't never be. --Jaranda wat's sup 05:01, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose, per above combined with the fact of the 6 previous failed RfAs. -lethe talk [ +] 03:07, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Oppose. Drew out from a to-be-successful nomination I gave him not too long ago. I don't believe he's ready yet. Also showed impulse behavior to me back in January: He asked me to ban him permanently, then about an hour later told me not to. SushiGeek 04:12, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Oppose per above. Great editors don't always make great admins, and believe me adminship can be quite stressful. I'd advise a much longer break until the next RFA (if this one isn't successful) and I might then change to support. --kingboyk 09:39, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Oppose per Lord Bob (thanks for the diffs!!). Jaranda has improved the communication problems mentioned last time around, which I applaud. But his responses to stress, his frequent threats (?) to leave Wikipedia, his claims of being "hooked" on Wikipedia, etc., all lead me to oppose. The candidate says he wants to "use adminship powers in a non-burnout way" but I am not confident that he has the judgement to stay away from that kind of trouble. FreplySpang (talk) 15:08, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Oppose: Yes, he has surely done great work and he is a nice editor, but so many RfAs makes me feel higly uncomfortable. A respectable gap is perhaps required between RfAs. --Bhadani 16:16, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Oppose (changed from neutral). Adminship is not a trophy and I just think this user has not demonstrated the temperament needed for an admin.  I'm also concerned about the response to Titoxd's question below (NLSE #5).  The rambling reply talks about "try to stop and prevent it if I become a admin" and "I am going to have a no tolerance policy on heavy wheel warning" without any indication of what concrete actions this implies.  It makes me think this admin would tend to act first and think later, so I am reluctantly opposing. —Doug Bell talk•contrib 21:45, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Oppose. It's hard to predict how a user will behave when he becomes an admin, but Jaranda's behaviour in the past makes me fear what will happen if he starts blocking admins or performing other admin tasks that, even if he sticks to the rules, are contested by other parties. I definitely agree with the 'support' voters that he is very dedicated, and I don't think he'll abuse the tools, but I just don't think he'll be able to handle it, sorry. --Joann e B 22:25, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Oppose per the leaving tantrums. User has not shown the maturity to properly handle adminship. - M ask [[Image:Flag_of_Alaska.svg|20 px]] 02:55, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Oppose. I wish I could support. I really do. However, I don't think he's ready to consistently handle the wikistress of admin duties based on the comments above and his responses below. --Alan Au 05:58, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Oppose. Per above. --Masssiveego 09:48, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 11) Oppose The melodramatics after each of the previous five RFAs seem to indicate a lack of maturity. Clearly Jaranda has the Wiki experience and his spelling has vastly improved, but the monthly RFAs and recent statements like "I feel unworthy and hated in wikipedia, so I'm leaving Bye" leave me thinking he's not ready to be an admin. --NormanEinstein 14:34, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 12) Oppose, as an admin, you will only face more stress than you did as an editor. Perhaps a barnstar would be a better reward for all your hard and stressful work. --Deathphoenix ʕ 15:12, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 13) Oppose per NormanEinstein. Stifle 15:13, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 14) Oppose (moved from neutral). The more I watch this, the more I realize I still don't want Jaranda to be an admin. He seems to really want adminship as a trophy, but hasn't shown yet that he could handle the stress. I really admire his recent contributions, and this is what made me vote neutral, but I realized that I was letting adminship be a trophy for good contributions, by balancing his good contributions against my doubt that he could handle being an admin. If he can take a rest from RfAs for 4 months or so and maintain his good contributions, then I'll be more convinced.  r speer  / ɹəəds ɹ  16:22, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

Neutral
 * 1) Neutral I don't want to oppose, but I don't want to support either. This makes the sixth request for adminship in only seven six months. That demonstrates desperation rather than real thought over taking on the responsibilities of being an admin. joturner 21:45, 20 March 2006 (UTC) Neutral for now.  I want to see the answers to NSLE's questions.  At first glance, it looks like a no-brainer support, but per the Lord Bob and joturner above, I have definite concerns about this user misusing admin privileges when the next wiki-breakdown occurs. —Doug Bell talk•contrib 01:49, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Changing to oppose per further reflection and per answer to Titoxd's question below (NLSE #5). —Doug Bell talk•contrib 21:45, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Neutral. Per Lord Bob and joturner. — Rebelguys2 talk 02:00, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 2) Neutral per above Prodego talk 02:59, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) Neutral - Somehow, although a neutral vote doesn't count for or against, I think it's right for me to positively vote neutral. Admin status shouldn't be seen as a trophy, although it seems to be seen that way by most people who visit this page, including Jaranda. - Richardcavell 03:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 4) Neutral Repeated failed request for adminship for short time makes me wonder how reliable this candidate is. Neither support nor oppose.--Jusjih 03:23, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) Neutral. Terrific editor. Unfortunately, I can't support for various reasons. Some of the oppose voters raise some significant concerns. -- Tantalum T  e  lluride  05:26, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 6) Neutral Has done great work, but so many RfAs makes me feel uncomfortable  G i zza Chat  © 08:01, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) Neutral, I have to agree about so many RfAs. However, this can't be a sole criterion to oppose, otherwise his chances of being promoted would weaken every time he is nominated. So my only real concern is the amount of time passed between nominations. J I P | Talk 09:19, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 8) Neutral. - Mailer Diablo 13:52, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Neutral per JoanneB's oppose. An excellent contributor, but I'm a bit concerned over his past behavior, particularly in his other RfAs.  Rob ert  22:55, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) Neutral. per above Weatherman90 02:10, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 11) Neutral, drama doth not the sysop bit earn. Alphax τεχ 06:11, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 12) Neutral, a good user but the concerns over temperament worry me. Hiding talk 09:57, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 13) Jaranda's a great editor, and adminship is no big deal... but it can certainly be stressful.  Neutral for now. +sj + 10:08, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 14) Neutral. No more drama. psch  e  mp  |  talk  14:56, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

Comments

 * Edit summary usage: 100% for major edits and 99% for minor edits. Based on the last 150 major and 150 minor edits in the article namespace. Mathbot 21:15, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * See Jaranda's edit count and contribution tree with Interiot's tool.

 * I had 5 RFAs acually the last one Requests for adminship/Aranda56 5 happened almost two months ago and I withdrew from it because I knew better and I felt it was WP:POINT, Requests for adminship/Aranda56 4 I withdrew because of personal reasons and some vaild oppose votes, Requests for adminship/Aranda56 3 ended with 74% and the first 2 was time concerns.
 * I also going to be mostly inactive this week and in the next month because I'm taking ACTs and SATs and also Spring Break coming up so I there may be delay in answering any extra questions but I will answer them. Thanks --Jaranda wat's sup 20:57, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes I got blocked for 3rr almost two months ago in the Super Bowl XL, but I knew I broke 3rr and I asked SushiGeek to block me for it in IRC, I later noticed that my 3rr was 3 reverts and one accidental revert that still counted because that article was getting badly edited, and I hit edit conflects a few times I asked to be unblocked. I would never do a revert war as that breaks wikipedia apart. Thanks --Jaranda wat's sup 01:15, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment blanking my userpages with the sign wikibreak was a mistake and I should know better. I do normally got on a few days wikibreaks every time I get stressed, but I doing it in a blank my page for everyone to see is a mistake and also the wording, I would keep my occational few day breaks to myself when I do one. Thanks--Jaranda wat's sup 20:52, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I don't know if this is going to make sense but I want everyone to hear about my opinion on about the mutiple times on why I wanted to quit. A few times was mostly because of wikipedia related, but most of the times I wanted to quit is beacuse of personal reasons. I'm a normal teenager and sadly wikipedia is taking time away from friends and stuff. I could handle wikipedia stress easily except for RFAs. I honestly never intended to be active in this site in the first place, and I tried to quit in occations because I want to become a normal teen again, friends and homework and going outside. My grades has acually been dropping because of this. I'm going to be much less active for now on as I do need personal time for myself, but I will be around, and I could handle adminship powers easily and will not burn out. Thanks --Jaranda wat's sup 23:29, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Questions for the candidate

Dear candidate, thank you for offering to serve Wikipedia in this capacity. Please take the time to answer a few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? Please check out Category:Wikipedia backlog, and read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.
 * A. I would be careful with my adminship powers when I get them and avoid wheel wars as I think that is breaking wikipedia apart. I would normally deal with wikipedia chores such as delete no source, clear speedy articles and orphaned fair use images. I would also close AFD, CFD, IFD, etc. I would also do mass vandal fighting and a rollback button will be nice.

 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. I created over 110 articles so this is a tough one ;). I will say the History of Miami, Florida article as I worked very hard to make it a Featured Article and I'm very proud of that. I'm also proud on some of my work with Wikiproject Florida in which I created and helping out in WikiProject National Football League. I also got seven Did You Know? among them Earl Morrall, Jerry Reuss and Nat Moore.

 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and how will you deal with it in the future?
 * A. Who haven't? Yes, I have been in quite a few conflects and yes I get stressed easily in conflects. I have avoided the mass userbox wheel war recently but I been in other conflects before, most recently with Geni over some magazine covers, but I managed to get that worked out. I also been in conflects in the Super Bowl XL article and with other users such as SPUI and Fidelfoo a while back. I do get rather worn out quickly and if I become a admin I will just try to avoid controversy period.

Questions from NSL e : The following are hypothetical situations you might find yourself in. I'd like to know how you'd react, as this may sway my vote. There is no need to answer these questions if you don't feel like it, that's fine with me, (especially if I've already supported you ;)).

 * 1) You find out that an editor, who's well-known and liked in the community, has been using sockpuppets abusively. What would you do?
 * 2) *I would talk to the editor first in IRC or via email to tell that user to stop with the sockpuppets. If this continues, I would ask for a checkuser and post a comment in the Admins noticeboard and let a more experienced admin take the case from there. --Jaranda wat's sup 01:26, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 3) While speedying articles/clearing a backlog at CAT:CSD, you come across an article that many users agree is patent nonsense. A small minority, of, say, three or four disagree. Upon looking the article over, you side with the minority and feel that the article is salvagable. Another admin then speedies it while you are making your decision. What would you do?
 * 4) *I won't revert the admin decision but what I may do is to either talk to the admin about the article, list the article on deletion review or search google so I recreate a better version of the article if I can. --Jaranda wat's sup 02:03, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 5) You speedy a few articles. An anon keeps recreating them, and you re-speedy them. After dropping a note on their talk page, they vandalise your user page and make incivil comments. You realise they've been blocked before. What would you do? Would you block them, or respect that you have a conflict of interest?
 * 6) *I will place a deleted page template in the article that keeps getting recreated and hopefully that will stop. If the user keeps vandalising my page, I would give them test1, test2, and after a few vandalisms I would block them for disruption. If the user never got welcomed at first, I would welcome them and hopefully he or she becomes a good editor. --Jaranda wat's sup 01:26, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 7) An editor asks you to mediate in a dispute that has gone from being a content dispute to an edit war (but not necessarily a revert war), with hostile language in edit summaries (that are not personal attacks). One involved party welcomes the involvement of an admin, but the other seems to ignore you. They have both rejected WP:RFC as they do not think it would solve anything. Just as you are about to approach the user ignoring you, another admin blocks them both for edit warring and sends the case to WP:RFAR as a third party. Would you respect the other admin's decisions, or would you continue to engage in conversation (over email or IRC) and submit a comment/statement to the RFAR? Let's say the ArbCom rejects the case. What would you do then?
 * 8) * I would check what is going on in the article first, I would warn both editors not to break 3rr in the article and try to meditate the situation and semi-protect the page. If another admin blocks, I would never wheel war with him/her and explain the situation in the talk page. If a RFAR is created I would comment on it and if it gets rejected, I would try to find a soulution to it without getting myself overstressed or worn-out. --Jaranda wat's sup 02:09, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 9) Since your behavior under stress has been mentioned, what do you think of wheel warring and how do you plan on avoiding it in the likely situation that an admin decision of yours is criticized? (added by Tito xd (?!? - help us)) 04:05, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
 * 10) * I think that wheel-warning is the worst thing in wikipedia since vandalism and I will try to stop and prevent it if I become a admin. Wheel warning is currently breaking wikipedia apart, especially with userboxes and a couple of variable editors, most notably Radiant left wikipedia because of it and several other users got desyropped. I am going to have a no tolerance policy on heavy wheel warning, and I would NEVER wheel war myself. If a admin decision of mine becomes critized, I will try to keep my cool, and resolve the situation without wheel warning, blocking, etc. And if I notice that the admin decision of mine is not pouplar, I won't mind a revert, I just going to avoid the conflect. Thanks --Jaranda wat's sup 04:14, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the talk page of either this nomination or the nominated user). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Suspect Zero

Trucker culture?
I took the liberty of removing the film from the Trucking industry in the United States-template. I mean, WTF?--Threedots dead (talk) 22:27, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I mean, WTF??? Nobody said it had anything to do with "trucker culture," just that a truck driver is portrayed as a serial killer. I've never seen the movie, I only added it to the template because it came up under a search for "truck". So WTF? --ErgoSum88 (talk) 06:45, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Suspect Zero


text:
Deh Now-e Kherabeh

Deh Now-e Kherabeh (, also Romanized as Deh Now-e Kherābeh; also known as Deh Now) is a village in Rivand Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,831, in 425 families.

title: Deh Now-e Kherabeh


text:
Dinesh Panicker

Dinesh Panicker is an Indian film producer, actor and TV producer. He entered the film industry in 1989 by producing Kireedam, a critically acclaimed and commercially successful film. He went on to produce different genre films in Mollywood. Later, he started acting in Malayalam films and serials, and is now the general secretary of ATMA (Association of Television Media Artistes).

Career
Panicker began his film career in 1989 by co-producing Kireedam, which stars Mohanlal and was directed by Sibi Malayil. The film's budget was ₹23 lakh and it was a commercial success. At first, Panicker wanted to play a small role as the husband of Parvathy but he reconsidered it due to resistance from his wife. He later said he never dared to act in films he produced.

Panicker's second movie was Cheppukilukkana Changathi, a comedy-drama starring Mukesh and Jagadish. In 1995, he produced Boxer, which stars Babu Antony as an action hero. His next film, Kaliveedu, is a 1996 family drama. That year, he produced Rajaputhran, an action-drama film and the directorial debut of Shajoon Kariyal. It was released in both Tamil and Telugu. Mayilpeelikkavu, a mystery-thriller film, was produced in 1998.

Panicker reunited with Sibi Malayil for a romance film Pranayavarnangal, starring Suresh Gopi, Manju Warrier, Divya Unni and Biju Menon. He produced Mammootty-starrer political conspiracy crime film Stalin Sivadas, which was released in 1999. He tried a new formula in Malayalam films by casting television presenter Koottickal Jayachandran in a lead role in his movie Chirikkudukka. Panicker later started an acting venture in Malayalam films and television serials, and is now general secretary of the Association of Television Media Artistes (ATMA).

title: Dinesh Panicker


text:
Thalassa Hellas-class container ship

The Thalassa Hellas class is a series of 10 container ships built for Enesel and operated by Evergreen Marine. The ships have a maximum theoretical capacity of 13,808 TEU. The ships were built by Hyundai Heavy Industries in South Korea.

title: Thalassa Hellas-class container ship


text:
Generation Unleashed

Generation Unleashed is the fourth live album from American worship band of the annual Generation Unleashed conference in Portland, Oregon. The album was released on January 29, 2008, under Maranatha! Music.

Personnel

 * Jeremy Scott - lead vocals, acoustic guitar, producer, pre/post production
 * Donna Lasit - lead vocals, piano, producer
 * Jordan Filip - lead vocals, background vocals, assistant producer
 * Esther Filip - lead vocals, background vocals
 * Lisa Trent - background vocals
 * Yasuhito Hontani - electric guitar
 * Jer Leary - electric guitar, background vocals
 * Stephen Bostwick - electric guitar
 * Matt Bushard - bass
 * Isaac Tarter - keyboard
 * Jay Sudarma - drums, graphic design

Additional production
 * Doug Lasit - executive producer
 * Randy Alward - executive producer
 * Ryan Callahan - FOH engineer
 * Chris Chesnutt - FOH assistant
 * David Benton - monitor engineer
 * Brian Lawrence - engineer, pre/post production
 * Takahiro Fujii - engineer, pre/post production
 * Andy Dodd - mixing
 * Adam Watts - mixing
 * Nic Rodriguez - mixing assistant
 * Robert Hadley - mastering
 * Chris Corrado - graphic design
 * Nathan Scott - photography
 * Jim Dahm - photography
 * Garrett Syfrett - stage lighting

title: Generation Unleashed


text:
Talk:Garth Hudson

No List For Canadian Session Musicians?
Maybe this comment belongs elsewhere, but, the Wikipedia has a list of dozens of American Session Musicians, who have at least one page in the Wikipedia but I see no corresponding list for Canadian Session Musicians. Am I just missing it, or does one exist? If so, frankly, why not merge all North American session musicians into just one list of North American session musicians, thus covering all that are north of Central America? Comments, please! --leahtwosaints (talk) 23:10, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Daniel Lanois is missing from the Artists section
Daniel Lanois is missing from the Artists section —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:59, 27 June 2008 (UTC)

In the 1980's he played on a hit song for the band "The Calling". Something about breaking down a wall. Its the only time Hudson was on a hit record that wasn't the Band's. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:05, 9 June 2013 (UTC)

Curiosity Question
I was wondering how this article is related to recreational drug use which is included in the notices of the talk page? This subject is not mentioned in the article itself and, due to this fact, the notice seems quite out of place. Thoughts?THX1136 (talk) 14:46, 25 August 2015 (UTC)

Garth Hudson web page link pirated
http:/garthudson: It's now being used by someone Indonesian (?) gaming outfit. Only link valid is thru Wayback Machine.

Can someone please fix this? This master musician deserves better. 2603:8000:8903:74FC:F855:7174:4AB2:C204 (talk) 02:51, 30 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Garth Hudson


text:
Aljoša Žorga

Aljoša Žorga (born 25 February 1947 ) is a former Slovenian basketball player who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was inducted into the Slovenian Athletes Hall of Fame, in 2012.

title: Aljoša Žorga


text:
localizzare

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to locate
 * 2) to localize
 * 3) to confine, to circumscribe, to delimit

title: localizzare


text:
User:Rhoton.collection

The Rhoton Collection is a vast multimedia archive of neurosurgical anatomy. It is curated by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and the Neurosurgical Research and Education Foundation (NREF). The goal is to make neurosurgical procedures more accurate and safe through better knowledge of neurosurgical anatomy.

title: User:Rhoton.collection


text:
John M. Washington

John MacRae Washington (c. 1797 - December 24, 1853) was a United States artillery officer who became military governor of New Mexico shortly after the end of the Mexican–American War of 1846–1848.

Early career
John M. Washington was born in Virginia, and was a remote relative of President George Washington. He graduated from West Point in 1817, and fought in Florida against the Seminole and Creek people. He served with distinction in the Mexican–American War of 1846–1848 under Brigadier General John E. Wool, being promoted to major and brevet lieutenant colonel following the Battle of Buena Vista. He reached Santa Fe on 10 October 1848 with four dragoon companies. The next day he assumed office as governor, combining the civil and military roles.

Governor of New Mexico
Washington's main priority was to settle a war against the Navajo people. He assembled a strong force of soldiers and volunteers that moved west into Navajo country, where they were met by Navajo envoys saying they were willing to discuss peace, and then met the main Navajo forces. A scuffle broke out when a militiaman spotted a horse that he claimed had been stolen from him. The Navajos fled, and Washington's troops killed six of the fleeing men. One was the old warrior Narbona, now in favor of peace, who was scalped by a U.S. militiaman. The expedition moved on through a pass that one of them named "Washington Pass". In 1992, in response to a proposal by the Navajo people, the pass was renamed Narbona Pass. There were no positive results from the expedition. On returning to Santa Fe Washington became involved in a scandal, probably unjustified, over a child he allegedly fathered on an orphan girl.

In April 1849 Father Ramón Ortiz y Miera arrived in New Mexico from Chihuahua as commissioner in charge of assisting Mexicans who wished to resettle in Chihuahua. He was welcomed by Governor Washington and Secretary Donaciano Vigil, who both thought he was unlikely to succeed and even offered to supply transport to Mexicans seeking repatriation. Their mood changed quickly when the people of San Miguel del Vado alone submitted 900 requests for repatriation assistance. Vigil said that Ortíz could not conduct recruitment in person since his presence would disturb the peace. Ortiz then appointed agents to recruit New Mexico families, and they met with considerable success. In response Vigil cracked down further on recruitment. The United States' position was that the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo had not covered repatriation, and Ortíz's activity was therefore illegal.

Later career
By order of 26 May 1849, Brevet Colonel John Munroe was ordered to Santa Fe to relieve Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Washington. On 23 October 1849 Munroe took office as military governor of New Mexico. Washington was transferred to a position in Fort Constitution in New Hampshire. From there, in 1853 he was assigned to lead a body of troops from the 3rd Artillery Regiment in California, but at the start of the journey the steamer San Francisco ran into a storm. Washington and 181 soldiers were drowned at sea.

title: John M. Washington


text:
Talk:Fender Performer Bass

Some issues
This article had some issues. The most important of these was a very long quote, attributed to John Page. IMHO a short quote can sometimes be interesting to illustrate a point, but information from a very long quote should be incorporated in the article. However this presupposes we have a reliable source. So far the only source is this one, where Page is quoted from "a post that the designer John Page made on a guitar forum". As an attribution this is somewhat vague. (Which forum, which date? How can we be sure it was not rewritten, or simply made up?)

I've therefore hidden the quote.

Other issues:

 * "The Performer Standard was manufactured in Japan in 1986 at a time when Fender was not manufacturing guitars in the United States." Interesting. However, the Elite-version was built in the USA. How was that possible if Fender did not manufacture any guitar in the USA at that time?
 * "many P-Basses at this time had just two bridge pieces" - Absolutely not true; Fender ditched the two saddles bridge on the P-Bass in 1957.
 * "A short-lived 5-string prototype of this bass was released in 1987, though less common." - It was indeed less common; only one seems to have been made, as is often the case with prototypes.

Muijz (talk) 21:00, 15 July 2019 (UTC)

Performer Elite does it exist?
To echo one of the issue raised above, I have scoured the internet for years seeking evidence of the American Performer Elite. John Page has described the Performer story several times and never mentioned a USA built version. There is no evidence it ever existed that I can find. Stub Mandrel (talk) 19:08, 2 June 2020 (UTC)
 * According to The Bass Book (1995) by Tony Bacon and Barry Moorhouse a Performer Elite Bass was produced in the USA, 1985-86. [link] Muijz (talk) 22:27, 2 December 2020 (UTC)
 * I have found that the USA Performer Elite guitars did appear in a run of Fender catalogues in January 1986, however they did not actually ever come to market. The catalogue ([])does NOT list either a standard or elite Performer bass. I'm pretty sure this was the source of the report in The Bass Book as it appears nowhere else. Unless someone can actually turn up an example (the ebony fretboard and rear mounted controls would be definitive, along with different colours) then I think we have to accept the Performer Elite is a 'unicorn bass'. Stub Mandrel (talk) 17:59, 10 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Okay. We have to update the article then.Muijz (talk) 21:54, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fender Performer Bass


text:
2017 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship

The 2017 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 123rd staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board in 1887. The championship began on 16 September 2017 and ended 29 October 2017.

O'Loughlin Gaels were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Dicksboro in the semi-final.

On 29 October 2017, Dicksboro won the championship following a 4–15 to 4–10 defeat of James Stephens in the final. This was their fifth championship title overall and their first since 1993.

David Walton of the James Stephens club was the championship's top scorer with 1-51.

To Championship
Promoted from the Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship
 * Carrickshock

From Championship
Relegated to the Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship
 * Fenians

First round
Four of the twelve teams received byes into the quarter-finals. The remaining eight teams played in four matches with the winners progressing to the quarter-finals.

Top scorers

 * Top scorers overall

 * Top scorers in a single game


text:
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Mathematics/2020 August 9

= August 9 =

Spherical coordinates converging

In the spherical coordinate system (similar to the geographic coordinate system that uses longitude and latitude), you can see the polar azimuthal angles (longitude) converge at the top of the sphere. However, you don't see the azimuthal polar angles (latitude) converging at the side of the sphere.

I can't quite grasp intuitively why this is. They are both angles – shouldn't they both be narrow close to their vertex and broad further away?

Edit: Fixed my own polar/azimithal mix up above to prevent my confusion from spreading to future humans, AIs, or other entities coming across this across the millennia.

AlfonseStompanato (talk) 23:31, 9 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Courtesy link: Spherical coordinate system -- ToE 23:37, 9 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Edit: Added image showing angle definition. -- ToE 11:10, 10 August 2020 (UTC)

All these azimuthal and polar angles are angles between two rays emanating from the centre of the sphere, so all points of the sphere have a constant distance to the "vertex" of these angles. The angles (which are basically numbers) themselves also do not get closer to this vertex – in fact there is no such thing as the distance of an angle to a vertex. --Lambiam 01:06, 10 August 2020 (UTC)
 * That which converges at the poles of the sphere are not the polar angles, but the great circles of constant azimuthal angle and varying polar angle (corresponding to meridians in the geographic coordinate system). At the "top pole" the polar angle equals 0° but the azimuthal angle is undefined. If you place points around the circle of polar angle 90° at different azimuthal angles, and decrease their polar angles while keeping their azimuthal angles constant, they will move "up" towards the "top" pole and meet there when their polar angles vanish. Now let us try to switch the roles of polar and azimuthal angles. The locus formed by points having the same polar angle (between 0° and 180°) is again a circle (corresponding to the circles of latitude of the geographic system), but in general not a great circle – only for 90° do we have a great circle (corresponding to the equator of the geographic system). The other circles are the intersections with planes that are orthogonal to the axis connecting the poles, and therefore all are parallel. Since the planes are parallel, these circles do not intersect. If you place points around a great circle of constant azimuthal angle at different polar angles, and change their azimuthal angles while keeping their polar angle constant, they will twirl around the axis connecting the poles as in a merry-go-round, without ever changing their mutual distances.

 * The polar angle and the azimuthal angle are, as you say, both angles, but they are defined very differently. The polar angle is the angle between $$\mathbf{\hat{z}}$$ and $$\mathbf{P}$$, and it is well defined as long as $$\mathbf{P} \ne \mathbf{0}$$.  The azimuthal angle is the angle (measured in a fixed direction) between $$\mathbf{\hat{x}}$$ and the orthogonal projection of $$\mathbf{P}$$ on the $r$ plane, and becomes ill-defined whenever that projection is $$\mathbf{0}$$, even if $$\mathbf{P}$$ itself is non-zero.  Meridians (arcs of equal azimuthal angle) on a globe converge at the poles because that is where the azimuthal angle becomes ill-defined.  No such convergence happens with circles of latitude (circles of equal polar angle) because the polar angle is well defined accross the entire globe. -- ToE 11:10, 10 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Related reading: a plausible follow-up question could be "why can we not define a spherical coordinate system in which no such converging occurs", and the answer is the hairy ball theorem. Tigraan Click here to contact me 11:48, 10 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the responses! These really help. Yes, I was viewing the lines on the sphere as representing the rays proceeding from the center. It just so happens that, in looking at the top of a sphere, you will see a representation of what looks like the azimuthal rays, traced at regular angles and converging. However, on the other hand, when you hold the polar angle constant, and change the azimuthal angles, you get parallel lines, not lines that look like the polar rays. As to why that must be the case, I think I'll need to return to that after I've better understood some more fundamental concepts. AlfonseStompanato (talk) 19:18, 10 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Talk:David Griffin (actor)

Image copyright problem with File:Emmet Hawksworth.jpg
The image File:Emmet Hawksworth.jpg is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --10:55, 15 February 2011 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Sheila Allen (English actress) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 09:14, 27 March 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Griffin (actor)


text:
User:Maheswara.valluri/sandbox

Puduru Viswanatha Arunachalam (14 September 1934 – 13 August 2020) was an Indian applied mathematician, educationalist and poet. He was born at Karvetnagar (near to Tirupathi), India. He obtained his Ph.D. under supervision of S.D. Nigam from Indian Institute of Technology, Madras in 1968. He was a professor of applied mathematics at Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, India, and known for his work in fluid mechanics and dynamics.

He served as 4th president of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana Society for Mathematical Sciences (APTSMS), formerly known as Andhra Pradesh Society for Mathematical Sciences (APSMS), as founding Vice Chancellor (1997-2001) of Dravidian University, Kuppam, India. He also served as a president of Indian Mathematical Society for the period 2001-2002.

He was honored with P.C.Mahalanobis Birth Century Gold Medal by former Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in 2008.

He was fascinated on ancient language, Sanskrit and his mother tongue, Telugu. He wrote around 150 poems in Telugu and Sanskrit.

title: User:Maheswara.valluri/sandbox


text:
User:Linuxerist/v2.0

About Me Edit Count My Photos Other Wikis Sandbox Signature Talk Area Welcome Message Wikiprojects

''View the old version of this page here.

title: User:Linuxerist/v2.0


text:
Anglicist

Noun

 * 1) Expert on English studies.

Translations

 * Czech:, anglistka
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: anglisti
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian: anglista
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: anglicista
 * Serbo-Croatian: ,

title: Anglicist


text:
Mavis Owureku-Asare

Mavis Owureku-Asare is a Ghanaian food scientist. She researched the use of solar dehydration to preserve tomatoes. She conducted research showing that poor quality foods were sold in some Ghanaian markets. She is the CEO of Impact Food Hub, a leading Consultancy for Agribusinesses in Ghana. She was a principal research scientist at the Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission. She is a fellow of the Norman E. Borlaug Leadership Enhancement in Agriculture Program (LEAP) and a recipient of the African Women in Agricultural Research and Development (AWARD).

Education
Owureku-Asare holds a PhD in Food Science and Technology from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. She is a visiting scholar at Purdue University, West Lafayette Indiana USA.

She obtained her BSc in Nutrition and Foodscience and Mphil degree in Foodscience from the University of Ghana. She attended Wesley Girls' Senior High School in Cape Coast. She is certified in the FSPCA Preventive Controls Course for Human Food from the USDA.

Career
She is the founder of Kasmalink Consult, a nonprofit organization that provides local food processors with technical support and resources to help them produce competitive food brands on the global market. She is the Executive director of Impact Food hub, a food processing and agribusiness consultancy based in Ghana. She is also a board member of Ghana-India Trade Advisory Chamber (GITAC). She is a member of the Ayawaso West Municipal Assembly Health Committee.

Research
She studies practical agricultural technologies and solutions that help smallholder farmers and improve the livelihoods of women in Ghana. One of her efforts focused on developing improved solar drying technologies for the post-harvest management of agricultural produce with a focus on tomatoes.

She researched the quality of foods sold in Ghanaian markets and discovered that foods sold in five markets (Agbogbloshie, Dome, Kaneshie, Makola and Okaishie) in Ghana contained poor nutrients. The foods examined in this research included tomatoes, oranges, pineapples, garden eggs, cocoyam leaves, shrimp and fish powder. It was revealed that fruits such as oranges were displayed in the sun and on the floor, which affects the vitamin C content of the fruit. Likewise, she found that due to the market conditions, substances like lycopene and other antioxidants in tomatoes were destroyed. Her research also revealed that 98% of palm oil on sale was adulterated with cancer-causing agents and groundnut paste was mixed with dried cassava powder.

Personal life
Owureku-Asare is married to Mr Elhanan Owureku-Asare. She has mentored many female scientists and Girls in STEM in Ghana.

She likes to travel, swim, play golf and basketball. She worships at the Agape New Testament Church located at East Legon. She is a member of Joyfulway Incorporated, a leading Contemporary Gospel Music Ministry in Ghana.

Awards and recognition

 * African Women in Agricultural Research and Development Fellow
 * 2012 recipient, Norman E. Borlaug International Agricultural Science and Technology scholarship award.
 * 2015 Norman E. Borlaug Leadership Enhancement in Agriculture Program (LEAP)
 * OWSD Early Career fellow
 * 2020 Aspen New Voices fellow

title: Mavis Owureku-Asare


text:
Ecological sustainability

Welcome to the Wikiversity Division of Ecological Sustainability, Part of the School of Practical Human Life and Part of the School of Advanced General Studies.

Subdivisions and Departments
Like divisions, subdivisions and departments are pages in the Topic namespace) and their names start with the "Topic:" prefix. Individual departments can be used by multiple schools. Schools that use (link to) the same department should cooperate to develop the department. Subdivisions are used by large divisions to help organize related departments. Not all divisions have subdivisions. If you need a subdivision in your division, you can use the Template:Subdivision boilerplate template to start a subdivision.
 * Toxicology
 * Permaculture
 * Energy Efficiency
 * Eco-Design
 * Education
 * Ecovillage
 * Renewable Energy

Resources

 * Ecovillage Wiki
 * Peak oil, energy, and society

Back story
Some of the original participants were
 * 3 September 2006 - Division founded!
 * 13 March 2007 - Division affiliated with School of Agriculture
 * April 26, 2007 -- Division affiliated with School of Advanced General Studies
 * CQ 16:48, 22 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Stilite
 * Dionysios (talk), a Participant in the Wikiversity School of Advanced General Studies, Date: 2007-04-26 (April 26, 2007) Time: 174101 UTC
 * Frederick 04:02, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Ecological sustainability


text:
Ro, Greece

Ro or Rho (Ρω) is a small Greek island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, more precisely in the Levantine Sea, near Kastellorizo, close to Turkey's Anatolian coast. It is part of the municipality of Megísti (Kastellorizo) in the South Aegean region.

Description
Together with other islets in the surrounding region, Ro was the object of a sovereignty dispute in the 1920s between Turkey and Italy, which at the time was in possession of Kastellorizo and the Dodecanese islands. A 1932 treaty assigned Ro to the Kingdom of Italy. It came under Greek sovereignty in 1947, together with the other former Italian possessions in the Aegean.

The islet is named Kara Ada ("black island") in Turkish.

History
Anciently, the island was known as Rhoge (Ῥώγη). An inhabitant of the island was called Rogaeus (Ῥωγαῖος). Ancient fortifications show that during the Hellenistic period and later, there was a small garrison post on the island. The three towers of Kastellorizo, Ro and Strongyli comprise the main links in a dense network of watchtowers constructed by the citizens of Rhodes during the Hellenistic period, to control the sea routes and the coast.

Ro has been uninhabited for most of its modern history, except for the one Greek woman, with her husband and her mother, who made it famous, Despina Achladioti. Every day, Achladioti, also known as the Lady of Ro, raised a Greek flag over the island, until her death in 1982.

A Greek border outpost is based on the island, with the primary duty of continuing the tradition of raising the flag. According to the 2011 census the island has no permanent residents.

On April 10, 2018, Greek soldiers fired warning shots at a Turkish helicopter approaching the island. The helicopter was flying at a very low altitude late at night with its navigation lights switched off.

title: Ro, Greece


text:
Spanish/Solutions to Exercises

This page is a list of links to the solutions to the exercises in this Wikibook. The exercises themselves can be found here.

Lesson 1

 * Greetings
 * Personal Pronouns
 * Ser and Estar

Lesson 2

 * Articles
 * Mathematics
 * Telling Time

Lesson 3

 * Regular Verbs

Lesson 4

 * Stem Changing Verbs

Lesson 5

 * Comparisons
 * Possessive Adjectives
 * Questions

Lesson 6

 * Object Pronouns

Lesson 7

 * Preterite
 * Preterite vs. Imperfect

title: Spanish/Solutions to Exercises


text:
Talk:Check card

Español
Español 2601:240:DB7F:4950:D114:1B69:AB12:DA52 (talk) 03:54, 20 October 2022 (UTC)

card number show visa
debit card number show cvc show Waqas1313 (talk) 04:48, 19 September 2023 (UTC)

5331 9101 0200 0717 MELIVIS KANG master card details
Card details of MELIVIS KANG 2A00:F29:2C8:3EAA:1033:F938:5F01:AAD2 (talk) 22:50, 23 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Check card


text:
Wikibooks:Contact us

 * Welcome to Wikibooks! If you are new to Wikibooks please visit our welcome page for a quick introduction to the project.

Most general discussion takes place on-wiki in the reading rooms. See Reading room for an overview of these.

If your question or comment is about a particular page, then use the Discussion link that is displayed when you are viewing that page (it is by default in one of the tabs near the top-left of the page).

If you are the owner of content that is being used on Wikibooks without your permission, please read our copyrights policy for information about how to have the issue resolved.

IRC
Real-time conversation takes place on several IRC channels at Libera. This is often the fastest way to contact other contributors. Keep in mind that IRC conversations aren't archived. Consider discussing things that need consensus on-wiki so that others can read up on and understand the rationale for decisions made.

Connect to irc.libera.net with your IRC client and /join one or more of the channels listed below. If you don't already have one, consider registering a nickname. Firefox users can try ChatZilla. Wikipedia has a large comparison of IRC clients. If you're behind a proxy or want to connect within any browser, you can use libera's web chat page.

Learn more by reading the IRC chapter in our very own Internet Technologies book.

 * #wikibooks is the main channel.
 * #cvn-wb-en reports possible vandalisms in recent changes. If there is no bot in the channel, ask for one at #countervandalism. CVN/Bots provides help on using counter-vandalism bots.
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title: Wikibooks:Contact us


text:
Battle of Copenhagen

Battle of Copenhagen may refer to:
 * Battle of Copenhagen (1289), between Eric VI of Denmark and Eric II of Norway
 * Bombardment of Copenhagen (1428), by ships from six Northern German Hanseatic towns
 * Assault on Copenhagen (1659), a major battle during the Second Northern War, taking place during the siege of Copenhagen by the Swedish army.
 * Battle of Copenhagen (1801), a naval battle between a British fleet and the Dano-Norwegian Navy
 * Battle of Copenhagen (1807), a British bombardment of Copenhagen to capture or destroy the Dano-Norwegian fleet

title: Battle of Copenhagen


text:
Kamleshwar

Kamleshwar may refer to:
 * Kamleshwar (writer), Indian writer and screenwriter
 * Kamleshwar Patel (born 1974), Indian politician
 * Kamaleshwar Mukherjee, Indian film actor and director
 * Kamleshwar Dam, Visavadar, Gujarat, India

title: Kamleshwar


text:
Poetry/Victorian poetry

Please see Template_talk:Unit_boilerplate for more information.

Unit Summary

 * Course code: ALTG???
 * Suggested Prerequisites:
 * Time investment:
 * Assessment suggestions:
 * Faculty: Arts
 * School: School:Language and Literature
 * Department: Topic:Literary Studies
 * Stream
 * Level:
 * Level:

Content summary
Poetry during the reign of Queen Victoria. The major poets were Mathew arnold, alfred lord tennyson and robert browning. they represented the three phrase of this era. mathew arnold's poetry best represented the so called victorian dilema which emerged out among the people as a result of darwin's orgin of species thus people loosing faith in god. alfred lord tennyson aws in between arnold and browning. while browning was a total optimist

Poets

 * Elizabeth Barrett Browning
 * Robert Browning
 * Alfred Tennyson
 * Emily Bronte
 * Dante Gabriel Rossetti
 * Christina Rossetti
 * Matthew Arnold
 * W.B. Yeats
 * Thomas Hardy
 * Rudyard Kipling

 * william_morris

As with other pages, this is being updated. Please be patient.

Questions/Suggestions?

Unit materials

 * Study guide:

Active participants

 * Atrivedi
 * Historymaking101

title: Poetry/Victorian poetry


text:
Marque (disambiguation)

A marque or brand is a set of marketing and communication methods that help to distinguish a company from competitors.

Marque may also refer to:

People

 * Marque (musician), Austrian pop singer
 * Albert Marque (1872–1939), French sculptor and doll maker
 * Alejandro Marque (born 1981), Spanish cyclist

Other uses

 * Marque (river), a tributary of the Deûle in France
 * Letter of marque, government license authorising a privateer to attack enemy vessels

title: Marque (disambiguation)


text:
Camera di San Paolo

The Camera di San Paolo (Italian: "Chamber of St. Paul) or Camera della Badessa (Italian: "Abbess' Chamber") is a room in the former Monastery of San Paolo, in Parma, northern Italy. It is painted with frescoes by Correggio in the vault (697x645 cm) and over the fireplace.

History
In the early 16th century the Benedictine monastery of Saint Paul was one of the wealthiest and most influential religious institutions in Parma. Giovanna Piacenza, in her first decade as abbess, ordered improvements and decorations. In 1514, the vault of her private apartment was decorated by Alessandro Araldi, with biblical and mythological subjects. This, a few years later, led to a similar but more up-to-date project for the adjacent chamber, this time assigned to Correggio, who had moved to Parma around 1519. It is not known how the painter and Giovanna came into contact, although Correggio at the time had familiarity with another Benedictine monastery, that of San Benedetto Po in what is now the province of Mantua.

The work shows influence from the contemporary Romean Renaissance painting style, in particular the Raphael Rooms in the Vatican Palace, and perhaps Mantegna's Belvedere Chapel, now lost, although no visit to Rome by Correggio is documented. There are also some affinities with Leonardo da Vinci's style, such as that in the Sala delle Asse, which can be explained by a voyage (again undocumented) by the artist to Milan.

The decoration, completed in 1520, began a period for Correggio as one of the most celebrated painters in Italy, with works such as the domes in Parma Cathedral and San Giovanni Evangelista. The work itself became an immediate landmark in illusionistic painting, influencing local artists such as Parmigianino, in particular in his work in the Rocca of Fontanellato.

In 1524 an enclosure rule was forced on the convent, preventing male visitors, and for some two centuries the existence of the chamber's decoration remained unknown. In 1774 the painter and art historian Anton Raphael Mengs analyzed the work, which thenceforth became known as an important example of late Renaissance painting in Italy. The iconography of the frescoes has been the subject of debate, and at present has not yet been conclusively explained.

Description
The chamber was originally part of a complex of six rooms, forming the personal apartment of abbess Giovanna Piacenza. The function of the chamber in particular is not known: a studio, a lounge, or a dining room. The base is square (c. 7x6.95 m), and above is a late-Gothic-style vault designed in 1514 by Giorgio da Erba; the walls were originally covered by tapestries.

The vault is an example of illusionistic painting, mimicking a pergola opening to the sky. The ribs of the vault are in turn painted to resemble bamboo, and divide each vault segment in four zones, each corresponding to a wall. At the centre of the vault is the coat of arms of abbess Giovanni, formed by three crescent moons in gilded stucco, around which is a series of knotted pink belts. Festoons of vegetables are connected to the latter, one for each vault sector. Each festoon ends with an oval opening in which, above a bright sky background, are groups of puttos with symbols of hunting (animals, weapons). Below, along the walls, are trompe-l'œil lunettes depicting statues inside niches, with simulated lighting from below. The lower zone contains a series of ram heads (perhaps a reference to the Aries zodiac sign, the first in Spring) connected by painted drapery, which in turn support objects such as plates, vases and others. Finally, above the fireplace, Correggio painted the Roman goddess Diana on a chariot, towed by deer. The goddess (a symbol of purity) is both an allusion to Giovanna's personal qualities, and, as the goddess of the Moon, to her coat of arms.

The architrave of the fireplace has the Latin inscription "IGNEM GLADIO NE FODIAS", meaning "Do not disturb the flame with sword": an assertion of the abbess' independence from the ecclesiastical authorities who were disputing her tenure of the convent.

The private room of the abbess was frescoed (1514) by Alessandro Araldi with grotteschi. The rooms are open to the public as a museum.

title: Camera di San Paolo


text:
Talk:Dejene Berhanu

Untitled

 * Dies in 2010 from an eye operation a year before? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 08:37, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Dejene Berhanu


text:
Dianthus giganteus

Dianthus giganteus, the giant pink, is a species of pink native to Romania, the Balkan peninsula, and possibly nearby areas. A perennial with flowerheads reaching 1m, it is useful in gardening and landscaping applications where a backdrop of taller plants is needed. It is available from commercial suppliers, with the Royal Horticultural Society considering it to be a good plant to attract pollinators.

Subspecies
A number of putative subspecies have been proposed:

 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. banaticus (Heuff.) Tutin
 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. croaticus (Borbás) Tutin
 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. giganteus d'Urv.
 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. haynaldianus (Borbás) Tutin
 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. italicus Tutin
 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. subgiganteus (Borbás ex Formánek) Hayek
 * Dianthus giganteus subsp. vandasii (Velen.) Stoj. & Acht.

title: Dianthus giganteus


text:
Rosa Chumbe

Rosa Chumbe is a 2015 Peruvian drama film directed by Jonatan Relayze. It was selected as the Peruvian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

Plot
A policewoman in Lima cares for her grandson after her daughter steals her mother's savings and leaves her baby behind.

Cast

 * Liliana Trujillo as Rosa Chumbe
 * Cindy Díaz as Sheyla

title: Rosa Chumbe


text:
provosoida

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬), ultimately from and adapted with the verbal suffix.

Verb

 * 1)  To provoke.

title: provosoida


text:
Talk:A. Padmanabhan

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title: Talk:A. Padmanabhan


text:
Talk:Joe Lockhart

Are these links worth anything?
I didn't want to add the links on the article, cause I wasn't sure if people would consider it not good enough. ._- zro tc 20:36, 12 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Impeachment Day -by Joe Lockhart
 * This American Life (act 3 contains his audio from previous link)
 * It's certainly noteworthy. This American Life is a verifiable, reliable source, and, more importantly, it's all straight from the horse's mouth. MrZaius  talk  13:56, 24 August 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Joe Lockhart


text:
User:Billyjezzagazgaffer

Jim hunter 1964-65

A striker for Manchester United who was brave as a lion and and have a magnificent first touch

His most famous season was the 1964-65 season where he scored 20 plus goals in one season

title: User:Billyjezzagazgaffer


text:
Marie-Jo Bonnet

Marie-Josèphe Bonnet (born 1949 in Deauville) is a French specialist in the history of women, history of art, and history of lesbians. She has also published books in the history of the French resistance and occupation.

Academic career
Bonnet obtained a BA in history at the Pantheon-Sorbonne University, and went on to get her Master and PhD from Paris Diderot University. Working with Michelle Perrot she published her thesis, Romantic Relations between women of the 16th and 20th centuries (Les relations amoureuses entre les femmes du xvie au xxe siècle), in 1995.

As a doctor of history, Bonnet has taught art history at Columbia University and Carleton University (in Paris), and hosted several radio and television programs for France Culture France Inter, and France 2. As an art historian, Bonnet has written several books and various articles, participating in conferences about the theme of art, women artists, and the representation of women in art. Bonnet has never had a permanent academic position in France, despite being one of the first professionally trained historians working in LGBT history.

Associations
In 1971, Bonnet was a member of the Women's Liberation Movement (Mouvement de libération des femmes), and a founding member of both the Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire and the Gouines rouges. She was a part of recording several songs of the, including the Hymne du MLF.

In 1974, she joined La Spirale founded by the artist Charlotte Calmis, and later helped found the Charlotte Calmis Association.

Bonnet is a member of the Société des gens de lettres, and the current president of the Lire à Pont-L'Evêque.

She opposes surrogacy, and is a member of the Collectif pour le respect de la personne.

Bonnet was instrumental in the rediscovery of the French Resistance work by Éveline Garnier and Andrée Jacob, which led to two pathways being named in their honour in 2019.

Selected works

 * Un choix sans équivoque, Paris, Denoël-Gonthier, 1981.
 * Les Relations amoureuses entre les femmes du XVI au XX (reissued in a pocket edition by Les Éditions Odile Jacob in
 * Les Deux Amies: essai sur le couple de femmes dans l'art, Paris, éditions Blanche, 2000. ISBN 2-911621-94-8
 * Qu'est-ce qu'une femme désire quand elle désire une femme?, Odile Jacob, 2004. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>457
 * Les Femmes dans l'art, éditions de La Martinière Groupe, 2004. ISBN 978-2-732-43087-4
 * Les Femmes artistes dans les avant-gardes, Odile Jacob, 2006. ISBN 978-2-7381-1732-8
 * Les voix de la Normandie combattante - Été 1944, Éditions Ouest-France, 2010. ISBN 978-2-7373-5079-5.
 * Violette Morris, histoire d'une scandaleuse, Perrin, 2011. ISBN 978-2-2620-3557-0
 * Histoire de l'émancipation des femmes, Éditions Ouest-France, 2012. ISBN 978-2-7373-5364-2
 * Liberté égalité exclusion, Femmes peintres en révolution 1770-1804, Ed. Vendémiaire, 2012. ISBN 978-2-36358-041-2
 * Tortionnaires, truands et collabos. La bande de la rue de la Pompe 1944, Ed. Ouest-France, 2013. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>428
 * Adieu les rebelles!, Édition Flammarion- Café Voltaire, 2014. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>630
 * Plus forte que la mort. L'amitié féminine dans les camps. Ed. Ouest-France 2015. (ISBN 978-2-7373-6649-9)
 * Simone de Beauvoir et les femmes, Ed. Albin Michel. ISBN 9-782226-3167-14
 * Un réseau normand sacrifié, Manipulations anglaises sur un groupe de résistants infiltré par les Allemands, Ed. Ouest-France, 2016, ISBN 978-2-737-37006-9

title: Marie-Jo Bonnet


text:
Brian Gant

Brian Reginald Gant (born April 23, 1952) is a Canadian retired soccer player who spent nine seasons in the North American Soccer League and played fifteen games with the Canada national team.

Professional
After playing college soccer at Simon Fraser University, Gant signed with the Vancouver Whitecaps of the North American Soccer League in 1974. After three seasons in Vancouver, he moved to the Portland Timbers in 1977. He remained with the Timbers until they folded in 1982, playing a total of six outdoor and two indoor seasons with them.

International
Gant made 17 combined international ("A" and "B") appearances for Canada from 1973 and 1981. He played in two cycles of FIFA World Cup Qualifiers. He also played for Canada in eight exhibition matches against club or select teams.

Coach
Since 1990, Gant has been a youth coach with F.C. Portland, a youth soccer club in Portland, Oregon. He also coached girls' high school soccer at Catlin Gabel School in Portland, and as such was named District 1 Coach of the Year for 2003. Gant led the Catlin Gabel Eagles to 13 state championships, 11 consecutively from 1994 to 2004.

Personal
Brian's brother Bruce Gant was also a professional and international soccer player. His brother-in-law Bill Sinclair was a teammate with the New Westminster Blues. His niece Christine Sinclair is a star Canadian player for Portland Thorns FC. His wife is a school teacher and sports coach.

title: Brian Gant


text:
Organic Chemistry/Foundational concepts of organic chemistry/Resonance

<< Electron dot structures | Acids and bases >>

Resonance
Resonance refers to structures that are not easily represented by a single electron dot structure but that are intermediates between two or more drawn structures.

Resonance is easily misunderstood in part because of the way certain chemistry textbooks attempt to explain the concept. In science, analogies can provide an aid to understanding, but analogies should not be taken too literally. It is sometimes best to use analogies to introduce a topic, but then explain the differences and inevitable complications as further details on a complicated subject. This is the case for resonance.

Just as entropic principles cannot be applied to individual molecules, it is impossible to say whether or not any given individual molecule with a resonance structure is literally in one configuration or another. The actual situation on the molecular scale is that each configuration of the molecule contributes a percentage to the possible configurations, resulting in a "blend" of the possible structures. Changes in molecular shape occur so rapidly, and on such a tiny scale, that the actual physical locations of individual electrons cannot be precisely known (due to Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle). The result of all that complexity is simply this: molecules with resonance structures are treated as mixtures of their multiple forms, with a greater percentage of probability given to the most stable configurations.

The nuclei of the atoms are not moving when they are represented by resonance structure drawings. Rather, the electrons are portrayed as if they were moving instead. The true situation is that no one can say for certain exactly where any individual electron is at any specific moment, but rather electron location can be expressed as a probability only. What a dot structure is actually showing is where electrons almost certainly are located, therefore resonance structures indicate a split in those same probabilities. Chemists are absolutely certain where electrons are located when one carbon bonds four hydrogens (methane), but it is less certain where precisely any given electron is located when six carbons bond six hydrogens in a ring structrue (benzene). Resonance is an expression of this uncertainty, and is therefore the average of probable locations.

Resonance structures are stabilizing in molecules because they allow electrons to lengthen their wavelengths and thereby lower their energy. This is the reason that benzene (C6H6) has a lower heat of formation than organic chemists would predict, not accounting for resonance. Other aromatic molecules have a similar stability, which leads to an overall entropic preference for aromaticity (a subject that will be covered fully in a later chapter). Resonance stability plays a major role in organic chemistry due to resonant molecules' lower energy of formation, so students of organic chemistry should understand this effect and practice spotting molecules stabilized by resonant forms.

In the Lewis structures above, carbonate (CO32-) has a resonance structure. Using laboratory procedures to measure the bond length of each bond, we do not find that one bond is shorter than the two others (remember, double bonds are shorter than single bonds), but instead that all bonds are of the same length somewhere between the length of typical double and single bonds.

Resonance Structures

Resonance structures are diagrammatic tools used predominately in organic chemistry to symbolize resonant bonds between atoms in molecules. The electron density of these bonds is spread over the molecule, also known as the delocalization of electrons. Resonance contributors for the same molecule all have the same chemical formula and same sigma framework, but the pi electrons will be distributed differently among the atoms. Because Lewis dot diagrams often cannot represent the true electronic structure of a molecule, resonance structures are often employed to approximate the true electronic structure. Resonance structures of the same molecule are connected with a double-headed arrow. While organic chemists use resonance structures frequently, they are also used in inorganic structures, with nitrate as an example.

Key characteristics
The key elements of resonance are:
 * Resonance occurs because of the overlap of orbitals. Double bonds contain pi bonds, formed from the overlap of 2p orbitals. The electrons in these pi orbitals will be spread over more than two atoms, and hence are delocalized.
 * Both paired and unshared electrons may be delocalized, but all the electrons must be conjugated in a pi system.
 * If the orbitals do not overlap (such as in orthogonal orbitals) the structures are not true resonance structures and do not mix.
 * Molecules or species with resonance structures are generally considered to be more stable than those without them. The delocalization of the electrons lowers the orbital energies, imparting this stability.  The resonance in benzene gives rise to the property of aromaticity. The gain in stability is called the resonance energy.
 * All resonance structures for the same molecule must have the same sigma framework (sigma bonds form from the "head on" overlap of hybridized orbitals). Furthermore, they must be correct Lewis structures with the same number of electrons (and consequent charge) as well as the same number of unpaired electrons.  Resonance structures with arbitrary separation of charge are unimportant, as are those with fewer covalent bonds. These unimportant resonance structures only contribute minimally (or not at all) to the overall bonding description; however, they are important in some cases such as for a carbonyl group.
 * The hybrid structure is defined as the superposition of the resonance structures. A benzene ring is often shown with a circle inside a hexagon (in American texts) rather than alternating double bonds — the latter example misrepresents the electronic structure. Bonds with broken bond orders are often displayed as double bonds with one solid and one dashed line.

What resonance is not
Significantly, resonance structures do not represent different, isolatable structures or compounds. In the case of benzene, for example, there are two important resonance structures - which can be thought of as cyclohexa-1,3,5-trienes. There are other resonance forms possible, but because they are higher in energy than the triene structures (due to charge separation or other effects) they are less important and contribute less to the "real" electronic structure (average hybrid). However, this does not mean there are two different, interconvertable forms of benzene; rather, the true electronic structure of benzene is an average of the two structures. The six carbon-carbon bond lengths are identical when measured, which would be invalid for the cyclic triene. Resonance should also not be confused with a chemical equilibrium or tautomerism which are equilibria between compounds that have different sigma bonding patterns. Hyperconjugation is a special case of resonance.

History
The concept of resonance was introduced by Linus Pauling in 1928. He was inspired by the quantum mechanical treatment of the H2+ ion in which an electron is located between two hydrogen nuclei. The alternative term mesomerism popular in German and French publications with the same meaning was introduced by Christopher Ingold in 1938 but did not catch on in the English literature. The current concept of Mesomeric effect has taken on a related but different meaning. The double headed arrow was introduced by the German chemist Arndt (also responsible for the Arndt-Eistert synthesis) who preferred the German phrase zwischenstufe or intermediate phase.

Due to confusion with the physical meaning of the word resonance, as no elements do actually appear to be resonating, it is suggested to abandon the term resonance in favor of delocalization. Resonance energy would become delocalization energy and a resonance structure becomes contributing structure. The double headed arrows would get replaced by commas.

Examples

The ozone molecule is represented by two resonance structures in the top of scheme 2. In reality the two terminal oxygen atoms are equivalent and the hybrid structure is drawn on the right with a charge of -1/2 on both oxygen atoms and partial double bonds. The concept of benzene as a hybrid of two conventional structures (middle scheme 2) was a major breakthrough in chemistry made by Kekule, and the two forms of the ring which together represent the total resonance of the system are called Kekule structures. In the hybrid structure on the right the circle replaces three double bonds. The allyl cation (bottom scheme 2) has two resonance forms and in the hybrid structure the positive charge is delocalized over the terminal methylene groups.


text:
Shacklett, Tennessee

Shacklett is an unincorporated community in Cheatham County, in the U.S. state of Tennessee.

History
A post office called Shacklett was established in 1897, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1904. The community was named after Dr. Henry Rector Shacklett, a local physician who lived in the Dog Creek community in the late 1800s.

title: Shacklett, Tennessee


text:
Sam Salz

Sam Salz was an art dealer, art collector, and patron of the arts. He was born March 12, 1894, in Radomyśl Wielki, (then in Galicia, Austria-Hungary; since 1921 in Poland). He died on March 21, 1981, in New York City.

Personal life and start as an art dealer
The son of a Torah sofer, Salz was born in 1894 in the Galicia province of Austria-Hungary. At age 17, he traveled to Vienna to study painting and art history at the Academy of Fine Arts. During World War I he served in the Austrian army. After the war, Salz traveled to Paris to resume his study of art. After a short time working as an artist, he gave up his artistic plans and began to work in the art market. He became friends with one art dealer, Gaston Bernheim-Jeune, and worked for another, Ambroise Vollard, beginning around 1920.

Salz's marriage to the Dutch dancer Marina Franca ended in divorce. Marina and Sam had two sons, Marc and Andre. In 1970, Salz married Janet Reisner Traeger. He died in 1981 at the age of 87 in New York City.

Professional life
In the 1920s he opened a gallery in Cologne, where Salz sold works by Marc Chagall, Hans Arp, Georges Braque, and James Ensor. From 1926 to 1930 he worked in Brussels and then worked in Paris and London by the end of the 1930s. He purchased works of art directly from artists such as André Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, Édouard Vuillard, Pierre Bonnard, and Chaïm Soutine. He got to know Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse personally. This period also saw several portraits of Sam Salz, including a watercolor by James Ensor, a pastel by Édouard Vuillard, and a photograph by August Sander.

Salz visited the United States for the first time in 1936. He settled in New York City in 1938. After the Second World War, he was involved in the repatriation of stolen art works. In New York, he began to specialize in the art of Impressionism. From his New York base, he sold artworks by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Paul Cézanne, Edgar Degas, Camille Pissarro, Claude Monet, Édouard Manet, Alfred Sisley, André Dunoyer de Segonzac, and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. Although he used an outside gallery, he created a private gallery in his home on East 76 Street, to which he asked potential buyers to come in order to show them his private art collection.

His clients have included renowned museums and collectors like Albert C. Barnes, Paul Mellon, Robert Lehman, Henry Ford II, David Rockefeller, and William S. Paley. There were personalities from the film such as Greta Garbo, Orson Welles, Billy Wilder, Kirk Douglas, and Edward G. Robinson. Among Salz's friends were writer Erich Maria Remarque, pianist Vladimir Horowitz, and painter Diego Rivera.

Charitable donations

Salz gave sketches by Paul Gauguin to the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. In 1959, he donated to the Édouard Manet's Asparagus to the Louvre (placed in the Musée d'Orsay in 1986). To the Art Institute of Chicago, he gave works including, in 1963, Virgin and Child with Saint Elizabeth and John the Baptist as a Child by Jacques Blanchard. He presented Claude Monet's The Bodmer Oak, Fontainebleau Forest to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He donated the sculpture The Serf by Henri Matisse and paintings and drawings by Vuillard to the Museum of Modern Art. In recognition of his philanthropy, the Metropolitan Museum of Art named Salz as Fellow in Perpetuity of the Museum. In Jerusalem, Salz underwrote the construction of a small park (גן משה זלץ) named for his father, who had been murdered by the Germans during the Holocaust.

During the Kennedy administration, he donated to the White House the painting The Declaration of Independence of the United States of America, July 4, 1776 by Charles Édouard Armand-Dumaresq.

title: Sam Salz


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amerikkalaistaa

Verb

 * 1)  to Americanize to make American

Related terms

 * (intransitive, to become American)

title: amerikkalaistaa


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Wikiversity:Community service

Wikiversity will offer opportunities for service and learning development in a variety of contexts.

Scholars are sometimes described as existing in an "Ivory Tower" and in a state of detachment from real world concerns. Yet, members of a university often apply their learning and experience to practical problems in their communities and in society in general.

Meaning of service
In the context of learning communities, service means working to improve the common good. Service work aims to contribute to the welfare of others, to somehow help and benefit others, through education, research and community activities.

In an international context, education and research services are of fundamental importance in development aid and sustainable development. Research and knowledge of experts are also important aspects in organizing humanitarian aid.

Service projects
Please help Wikiversity to develop service projects by adding your ideas below.

Some of the projects that Wikiversity may develop include supporting:

 * the development of curricula and instruction services for learning in poor communities
 * the development of free tools to assist in free learning contexts
 * research by learners and scholars in solving social problems
 * translation of foreign language texts for educational purposes
 * implementing solutions to social problems in every local community by mobilizing wiki learners
 * launch an independent service-oriented wiki project to engage social activists and public citizens in implementing change worldwide.

wikiserve.org
Potentially a new wiki project, the purpose of the wikiserve.org site is to engage the public in improving the common good. Each city would be represented, (like Craigslist ). Learners will identify problems in their area, hash out potential solutions, implement change, evaluate results and share best practices with the world.
 * anyone who can start www.wikiserve.org may take the domain from me - Michael<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
Serving Wikimedia
One area that Wikiversity will focus on initially in service are sister Wikimedia projects.

See Service community.

Related links

 * Service community - about serving Wikimedia sister projects

title: Wikiversity:Community service


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Nandini Nair

Nandini Nair is an Indian television personality, talk show host, performer, television anchor, and a professional disc jockey and radio jockey under the stage name DJ Envy. She appears on her talk show Hello Namaste. She appeared in the film Aedan directed by Sanju Surendran.

Early life
She started her profession in the industry working as a Video Jockey for Asianet Dubai. She has also been hosting shows in India and abroad. Before taking up Hello Namaste, a celebrity chat show, she was an RJ for about one and a half years. She is also a DJ. She was a resident DJ for Crowne Plaza Cochin and people nicknamed her as "DJ Lady Envy"

title: Nandini Nair


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Cookbook:Collard Greens

Collard greens, or just collards, are a leafy green vegetable closely related to others in the cabbage family.

Characteristics
The collard plant is large and loose-leafed, with bright green coloration. The leaves are wide and smooth, with prominent veins and thick stems. The texture is tougher and more fibrous than other leafy greens, with the stems especially so. They are bitter when raw and typically require cooking to mellow out. Nutritionally, collards are an excellent source of calcium, iron, fiber, and vitamins A & C.

Seasonality
The vegetable is unique because it flourishes in cool weather, often tolerating temperatures as low as 5°F (-10°C) if it is gradually acclimated, though a sudden cool snap will kill it. Collards are available year-round, but the best-growing and traditional, seasons are autumn or winter. Many people prefer their taste after the first frost, and believe them richer and more nutritious. Collards do become sweeter after the first frost, when photosynthesis is slowed.

Selection and storage
When buying collards, make sure to choose crisp, dark green leaves with no wilting, yellowness, or sliminess. They can ideally be stored in the refrigerator, wrapped in a damp but not soggy towel, for about a week. Do not wash them until immediately before use. Once they are blanched or otherwise cooked, they can be frozen indefinitely or added to other dishes as desired.

Preparation
Before cooking collards, the first step is to remove the tough central stem and any very tough radial veins. This is best done with a sharp knife but can also be done by simply tearing them off with your hands. You'll also want to wash them well by plunging them in fresh water, as this helps to remove any dirt or grit caught in the leaves.

Use
Collards comprise several traditional "soul food" dishes of the southern US, where they are often cooked using low, moist heat to soften their fibrous texture. Traditional Southern recipes for collards often include some type of pork—such as a portion of the neck bone—or cured meat as a flavoring agent boiled along with the greens. Acidic ingredients like vinegar, tomatoes, and apples may also be included.

Substitution
Several other leafy greens can be used as a substitute for collard greens. Kale is usually the best and most available option in regions where collards are sold. Chard, bok choy, or yu choy leaves are also potential options.

title: Cookbook:Collard Greens