text:
Privacy, Security, and Implied Mutual Exclusion

Privacy, Security, and Implied Mutual Exclusion

There are many lives. Each life is as the next, and each is observed by ever-vigilant eyes and ears, whose purpose is to safeguard against danger. A man, like any other man, lives a life like any other life. He sleeps, and his house is monitored for danger, lest he be disturbed. He awakens, and his actions are watched, lest he endanger himself or another. He is watched in the street, as he walks to the car, and he is watched in his car, again, for the safety of all concerned.

This man is watched, as all men are watched, for the safety of all men. If he were to commit a crime, he could be easily apprehended. If he were to be the victim of an accident or crime, he may be swiftly saved. His every gesture, expression, and word are perused in search of intent. It is hoped that, when he shows signs of danger, he may be apprehended before he has acted. Thus ensuring the safety of all concerned. The man, like all men, knows he is safe, because his neighbors are watched as well as he.

Why then, does he feel vulnerable? Why does he still feel unsafe?

In today's world it is accepted that privacy must be sacrificed for the sake of well-being and safety, both national and personal. People are told they are safer watched than alone, and that secrecy is the shield of those who intend harm. If someone has something to hide, they are of ill intent. "After all, you have nothing to hide, do you comrade?"

Unfortunately, the lives above are not works of fiction. They are a manifestation of reality. Humanity is now presented with a question of power and trust, and something must be decided and acted upon before this irreversible state becomes a universal norm, humanity must at least decide to do nothing, if this is that to which they aspire.

The United States has been watching telecommunications for decades both legally and illegally. (Poole) In the United Kingdom, it is estimated there are only 14 people for every surveillance camera. As dense as the surveillance is it is estimated that the average person is recorded on camera about 300 times in a single day. (George) Additionally, vehicle movements have been watched and recorded by a combination of GPS satellites and license plate reading cameras since 2006. (Connor) Possibly most foreboding is the increasing trend in proposed legislature toward data-mining. The Smith Data Retention Act has been cited as a prime example of this most disturbing tendency:

"Sec. 6. Record Retention Requirements for Internet Service Providers. (a) REGULATIONS.---Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this section the  Attorney General shall issue regulation governing the retention of records by Internet Service  Providers. Such regulations shall, at minimum, require retention of records, such as the name and  address of the subscriber or registered user to whom an Internet Protocol address, user address, or  telephone number was assigned, in order to permit compliance with court orders that may require  production of such information."

Further provisions in the same bill effectively require ISPs and internet hosts to retain not only the specified information, but also hosted content for the use of law enforcement and judicial personnel. (Smith DRA)

Due to advances in telecommunications and information technology the availability of information, in both diversity and sheer volume, has reached a previously unfathomable level in recent years. Never before has so much information been available with so little effort in so little time. Humanity is no longer bound by the speed of physical travel, and subsequently new networks and systems have been formed as people have learned to cope with such an onslaught of data.

While the sheer scope of available knowledge is an academician's dream, it is a security nightmare. Privacy becomes sorely at risk as personal information, finances, even everyday communiques are transferred to a medium that is almost entirely public.

The mentality and openness are best surmised by this succinct statement. "'The Internet treats censorship as though it were a malfunction and routes around it.' -John Gilmore" (Barlow)

The migration of everyday life to this very open medium allows for those who would invade privacy, whether they be conmen or security forces, to do so with minimum effort and danger.

The same advances that have allowed humanity to move a piece of information from one side of the globe to another in a split second allow for the large-scale recording of what little isn't already resident in the digital world. Sensor technology, such as cameras, microphones, and scanners, is being employed everywhere for purposes legitimate and otherwise. In the age of information technology, anyone can see or hear anything on this planet.

With the vast resources at their disposal, nation-states are in a prime position to commit invasions of privacy, and many if not all have motive to do so.

The government claims that in the face of threats such as terrorism, safety is dependent on the ability of law enforcement agencies to track and prevent criminal activity. However, this is in direct contradiction to a tenant long held among both military and civilian peoples, that information is among the most potent of weapons. Children have long been admonished, "Don't talk to strangers," and Sun Tzu devoted over a tenth of his famous treatise to the use and warding of spies and scouts, even going so far as to state: "Thus, what enables the wise sovereign and the good general to strike and conquer, and achieve things beyond the reach of ordinary men, is foreknowledge." (Giles XIII) Thus, there are two contending postulations concerning safety, that which exemplifies privacy and that which exemplifies openness.

"The less you know about something, the harder it is to kill." This is the postulate behind the age-old doctrine we are all familiar with. This is the same assumption Sun Tzu made 26 centuries ago. The other assumption is that the more the government knows about, well, everything, the safer the citizens of that government are.

Obviously, one cannot withhold information about oneself, and subsequently ensure one's safety while simultaneously disclosing any and all information to another entity. It is simply not logically valid. Therefore, one of these statements must be incorrect.

The latter postulation is easily traceable to the first, on the grounds that the more knowledge, and therefore power a nation-state has, the better it can protect its people. However, power, being the potential of action, can also be used against the people. This can occur directly, in instances such as Stalin's crackdowns in Soviet Russia or McCarthyism in the United States, or indirectly, in instances where improper leadership imposes adverse conditions upon the populace.

Therefore, although the greater resources and coordination of an informed government can yield greater defense than simple non-disclosure of information, the assumption that well informed government is intrinsically protective is valid only under the assumption that the government in question holds the best-interests of its citizens as a priority.

It can be concluded given that our government is by nature transient in its intent, having elected (and therefore shifting) leadership in addition to other, more ambiguous, flaws, it cannot be held as a certainty that our government will always have the best interests of its citizens as its first priority.

Given the capacity for information retrieval and abuse available to both our government and independent entities, it is important that humanity prevent the further development of an information infrastructure that is already large enough to allow power to fall into the hands of one who would use it adversely to public safety or progress. Privacy is a person's only shield against those who would cause them harm. To put it in the hands of another is to give that other control of one's life. The question is, can an institution be trusted with the lives of an entire nation?

Bibliography Barlow, John Perry. “Censorship 2000.” On the Internet. 2000. ISOC. 26 March 2007

Connor, Steve. “Britain Will Be First Country to Monitor Every Car Journey.” The Independent. 22 December 2005. 26 March 2007

Giles, Lionel. Sun Tzu on the Art of War. 1994. Project Gutenburg, 26 March 2007.

“George Orwell, Big Brother Is Watching Your House.” This Is London. 31 March 2007. Evening Standard. 31 March 2007

“>> Introduction to NSA/CSS.” 2007. National Security Agency. 26 March 2007

Poole, Patrick. “ECHELON: America’s Security Global Surveillance Network.” 2000. 26 March 2007

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ACPO ANPR Steering Group, ANPR Strategy For Police Service

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ACPO National ANPR User Group, E.C.H.R, Data Protection & RIPA Guidance Relating to the Police use of A.N.P.R.

United States of America. Rep. Smith, Smith Data Retention Act. 110th Congress, 1st Session. Washington D.C. 2007


text:
ירד

Etymology
From. Cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) To go down, descend.
 * 2) * רונה קינן, הסולם
 * "he"

- אבא שלך טיפס על סולם...ושכח איך לָרֶדֶת

 * 1) To go down, decline, decrease.
 * 2)  To emigrate from Israel, or  from another country.
 * 3)  To criticize, lambaste, roast; construed with the preposition.
 * 4) To get out of a vehicle.
 * 5)  To give fellatio or cunnilingus; construed with the preposition.
 * 1)  To give fellatio or cunnilingus; construed with the preposition.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: ירד


text:
Milki, Barhara

Milki is a village in Barhara block of Bhojpur district in Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 1,748, in 218 households.

title: Milki, Barhara


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Benjamin Franklin International School

The result was   keep. (non-admin closure) – Davey 2010 Talk 02:55, 12 February 2015 (UTC)

Benjamin Franklin International School

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

No evidence of any not ability. Appears to be a private language school and therefore not entitled to the general assumption of notability afforded to state secondary schools and their equivalents. No independent references at all. Reeks of an advertisement.  Velella  Velella Talk 10:46, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Schools-related deletion discussions.  Everymorning   talk  11:41, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

 Benjamin Franklin International School is a private k-12 school. Not a private language school. If you read the page carefully you can find independent references. This is a page created with information about the school, same thing as many other school do. BFIS-IT 15:36, 10 February 2015 (UTC) BFIS-IT 15:38, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep as a secondary school per longstanding consensus and precedent. Not a language school. -- Necrothesp (talk) 15:45, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep. Google searches turn up indicia of prominence for this 29-year-old, 500+ student, all-grades private school. A 2011 article in Economía Digital lists it as the top international school in Barcelona.  An ocean ecology class project showed up in The Wall Street Journal .  A New York Times real estate article cites proximity to this school as one of the positives of the featured "villa" .  --Arxiloxos (talk) 16:06, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Spain-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 19:04, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Keep per longstanding tradition for secondary schools as documented in WP:SCHOOLOUTCOMES.Jacona (talk) 02:08, 12 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Japanese/Vocabulary

Elementary vocabulary

 * /Colors/
 * /Clothes and accessories/
 * /Animals/
 * /Numbers/
 * /Time/ and dates
 * Directions
 * Food and drink
 * /Sushi/
 * /Body parts/
 * /Family and people/
 * Weather and seasons
 * /Verbs/
 * /Adjectives/

Proper

 * Countries and languages
 * Regions and prefectures of Japan

Specialized

 * /Academic Subjects/
 * /Astronomy/
 * /Biology/
 * /Chemistry/
 * /Glaciology/
 * /Mathematics/
 * /Linguistics/
 * /Law/
 * /Aviation/
 * /Business/
 * /Banking/
 * /Computing/
 * /Health/
 * Government and politics
 * /Punctuation/
 * /Vocations/
 * /Units/

Cultural

 * /Music/
 * /Videogame/

By origin

 * /Gairaigo/
 * /Onomatopoeia/

জাপানি ভাষা শিক্ষা/অভিধান

title: Japanese/Vocabulary


text:
Template:Rfd log header/doc

This template creates a header on Redirects for discussion logs linking to adjacent ones. It is used in Template:RfD subpage starter, which is in turn used for User:DumbBOT/CatCreate.

title: Template:Rfd log header/doc


text:
Botswana Institute of Development Management Workers' Union

The Botswana Institute of Development Management Workers' Union (BDMWU) is a trade union affiliate of the Botswana Federation of Trade Unions in Botswana.


text:
chamar

Etymology
Borrowed from

Noun

 * 1) A member of a tribe who works in leather and agriculture; a tanner or leather-worker.

Etymology
, from. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to call; to refer to (by name)
 * 2)  to call, summon
 * 3)  to call, summon
 * 4) * 2016, Malandrómeda, Chegar e encher [song]:
 * "gl"
 * 1) * 2016, Malandrómeda, Chegar e encher [song]:
 * "gl"

- Cando voltei, cheguei e enchín, choran os problemas e chaman por min; non sei moi ben se hoxe vou ser quen de pasar de lado como se non fora comigo

 * 1) to invoke
 * 2)  to goad; to steer, guide (the cattle, a yoke)
 * 1)  to goad; to steer, guide (the cattle, a yoke)
 * 1)  to goad; to steer, guide (the cattle, a yoke)

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to call; to refer to (by name)
 * 2) to call, to name, to denominate
 * 3)  to be called

Etymology
, from, from. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. , a borrowing.

Verb

 * 1)  to call; to summon
 * 2)  to call, to name
 * "pt"
 * 1)  to call, to name
 * "pt"
 * "pt"

- Deus chamou à luz dia, e às trevas chamou noite.

 * 1)  to call, to label
 * 2)  to be called
 * 1)  to be called
 * 1)  to be called
 * 1)  to be called

title: chamar


text:
Python Programming/Tuples

A tuple in Python is much like a list except that it is immutable (unchangeable) once created. A tuple of hashable objects is hashable and thus suitable as a key in a dictionary and as a member of a set.

Overview
Tuples in Python at a glance:

Tuple notation
Tuples may be created directly or converted from lists. Generally, tuples are enclosed in parentheses.

A one item tuple is created by an item in parentheses followed by a comma:

Also, tuples will be created from items separated by commas.

Packing and Unpacking
You can also perform multiple assignment using tuples.

Note that either, or both sides of an assignment operator can consist of tuples.

The example above: article, noun, verb, adjective, direct_object = t is called "tuple unpacking" because the tuple t was unpacked and its values assigned to each of the variables on the left. "Tuple packing" is the reverse: t=article, noun, verb, adjective, direct_object. When unpacking a tuple, or performing multiple assignment, you must have the same number of variables being assigned to as values being assigned.

Operations on tuples
These are the same as for lists except that we may not assign to indices or slices, and there is no "append" operator.

For lists we would have had:

Tuple Attributes
Length: Finding the length of a tuple is the same as with lists; use the built in len method.

Conversions
Convert list to tuples using the built in tuple method.

Converting a tuple into a list using the built in list method to cast as a list:

Dictionaries can also be converted to tuples of tuples using the items method of dictionaries:

Uses of Tuples
Tuples can be used in place of lists where the number of items is known and small, for example when returning multiple values from a function. Many other languages require creating an object or container to return, but with Python's tuple assignment, multiple-value returns are easy:

This resulting tuple can be easily unpacked with the tuple assignment technique explained above:

Using List Comprehension to process Tuple elements
Occasionally, there is a need to manipulate the values contained within a tuple in order to create a new tuple. For example, if we wanted a way to double all of the values within a tuple, we can combine some of the above information in addition to list comprehension like this:

Exercises

 * 1) Create the list ['a', 'b', 'c'], then create a tuple from that list.
 * 2) Create the tuple ('a', 'b', 'c'), then create a list from that tuple. (Hint: the material needed to do this has been covered, but it's not entirely obvious)
 * 3) Make the following instantiations simultaneously: a = 'a', b=2, c='gamma'. (That is, in one line of code).
 * 4) Create a tuple containing just a single element which in turn contains the three elements 'a', 'b', and 'c'. Verify that the length is actually 1 by using the len function.

title: Python Programming/Tuples


text:
General Chemistry/Book Structure

Overall Structure
The general structure of information in the book was developed from pages already here. It seems to make sense logically, and works quite well as a wiki.

 * Topic 1
 * Module 1
 * Module 2
 * Topic 2
 * Module 1
 * Module 2

Each topic is one reasonably defined area of study (e.g. Acids and Bases, Basic Quantum Chemistry). Each module should contain one specific concept or idea to learn (e.g. Covalent Bonding, Lewis Acids and Bases). Each module is one page, but can contain multiple subheadings.

This layout corresponds roughly to Chapters and Subchapters in a "paper and ink" textbook.

Note: Chemistries of the Various Elements should not contain details like melting point, boiling point, mass, and a list of every possible use and source of the element. That is what Wikipedia is for. Rather, it should point out the most unique and interesting properties of the elements, and more importantly, supply some significant chemical reactions involving the elements.

Technical Points
Each page should begin with so people can find their way around.

Each page should end with to put the page in the proper category (General Chemistry).

title: General Chemistry/Book Structure


text:
Marvin A. Sweeney

Marvin Alan Sweeney (born, 1953; raised in Decatur, Illinois) is Professor of Hebrew Bible at Claremont School of Theology (1994–present). Dr. Sweeney was trained under the tutelage of Rolf P. Knierim at Claremont Graduate University. He was a Yad ha-Nadiv/Barecha Foundation Post-Doctoral Fellow in Jewish Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he worked with Moshe Greenberg (1989-1990); a Lilly Theological Research Grant Recipient (1997-1998); and a Fellow of the Summer Institute for Modern Israel Studies, sponsored by the American Jewish Committee and Brandeis University (2004). Sweeney previously taught in the Religious Studies Department and Judaic Studies Program at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, FL (1983-1994), and he has served as Dorot Research Professor at the W. F. Albright Institute in Jerusalem, Israel (1993-1994); Visiting Professor of Bible at the Hebrew Union College—Jewish Institute of Religion, Los Angeles, CA (1995-1996; 1999; 2003-2004); Underwood Professor of Divinity at Yonsei University in Seoul, Korea (2011); visiting scholar at Chang Jung Christian University in Tainan, Taiwan (2015); and Professor of Tanak at the Academy for Jewish Religion California, Los Angeles, CA (2000-2019). He also served on the faculty of Religion at Claremont Graduate University (1994–2018). In 2019, Sweeney relocated to Salem, Oregon, due to the attempted transfer of Claremont School of Theology to Willamette University.

In March, 1987, Sweeney travelled to Moscow and Leningrad (St. Petersburg) in the former Soviet Union to meet with Refuseniks, Jews who had been denied permission to leave the Soviet Union for Israel, the United States, and western Europe. He gave lectures on topics in Jewish studies, brought in books and medical supplies, and made reports to the South Florida Conference on Soviet Jewry concerning the status and needs of individuals and groups within the Soviet Union. A specialist in Prophetic Literature, Historical Narrative, and Pentateuchal Studies, Sweeney is especially well known for developing the field of Jewish Biblical Theology and for critical studies on the synchronic, final literary form of the prophetic and narrative books of the Hebrew Bible and the diachronic history of their composition. He has served as President of the National Association of Professors of Hebrew (2017-2019); President of the Society of Biblical Literature South Eastern Region (1993–94); and President of the Society of Biblical Literature Pacific Coast Region (2001-2002).

Sweeney worked with the Bay Area Mormon Studies Council to prepare a new translation of Isaiah as part of the council's The Isaiah Project. In addition to Sweeney's translation, this work was intended to include documentation of responses to Isaiah by Latter-day Saint scholars and creative writers. The project is now suspended.

Dr. Sweeney serves on the Board of Trustees, Temple Beth Sholom, Salem, Oregon.

Education

 * A.B. - University of Illinois (Political Science and Religious Studies, with distinction; 1975)
 * Non-degree student - Princeton Theological Seminary (Biblical Hebrew, Koine Greek; 1975-1976)
 * M.A. - Claremont Graduate University (Religion: Hebrew Bible; 1981)
 * Ph.D. - Claremont Graduate University (Religion: Hebrew Bible; 1983)
 * Non-degree student - The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Modern Hebrew; 1988-1990)
 * Yad ha-Nadiv/Barechah Foundation Post-doctoral Fellow in Jewish Studies - The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Targumic Aramaic, Jewish Biblical Exegesis; 1989-1990)
 * Fellow. Summer Institute of Israel Studies.  Brandeis University and the American Jewish Committee (2004)

Selected works

 * 1-2 Samuel. New Cambridge Bible Commentary. (Cambridge,University Press, 2023)
 * Visions of the Holy: Studies in Biblical Theology and Literature. Resources for Biblical Study 105. (Society of Biblical Literature, 2023)
 * Jewish Mysticism: From Ancient Times Through Today (Eerdmans, 2020)
 * The Pentateuch. Core Biblical Studies (Abingdon, 2017)
 * Isaiah 40–66. Forms of the Old Testament Literature. (Eerdmans, 2016)
 * Reading Prophetic Books. Forschungen zum Alten Testament, 89. (Mohr Siebeck 2014)
 * Reading Ezekiel. Reading the Old Testament. (Smyth & Helwys, 2013)
 * TANAK: A Theological and Critical Introduction to the Jewish Bible. (Fortress, 2012)
 * Reading the Hebrew Bible after the Shoah: Engaging Holocaust Theology (Fortress, 2008)
 * I and II Kings: A Commentary. Old Testament Library. (Westminster John Knox, 2007)
 * The Prophetic Literature. Interpreting Biblical Texts. (Abingdon, 2005)
 * Form and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature. Forschungen zum Alten Testament, 45 (Mohr Siebeck, 2005)
 * Zephaniah: A Commentary. Hermeneia. (Fortress, 2003)
 * King Josiah of Judah: The Lost Messiah of Israel (Oxford University Press, 2001) According to WorldCat, the book is held in 601 libraries
 * The Twelve Prophets. Berit Olam.  (2 vols.; Liturgical, 2000)
 * Isaiah 1-39. Forms of the Old Testament Literature, 16. (Eerdmans, 1996)
 * Isaiah 1-4 and the Post-Exilic Understanding of the Isaianic Tradition. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 171 (Walter de Gruyter, 1988)

title: Marvin A. Sweeney


text:
Portal talk:Professionsnew

Note: This is a "backup" copy of Portal:Professions where new versions of the portal can be planned.

Colors
The page Portal:Professionsnew/box-header contains the settings for the portal colors:
 * border=#aaaaaa
 * titleforeground=white
 * titlebackground=#aaccff
 * background=#f9f9ff
 * foreground=black

See w:Wikipedia:Portal/Instructions for details about how this portal format was created and can be modified.

title: Portal talk:Professionsnew


text:
Sumathi Best Teledrama Director Award

The Sumathi Best Teledrama Director Award is presented annually in Sri Lanka by the Sumathi Group of Campany associated with many commercial brands for the best Sri Lankan director of the year in television screen.

The award was first given in 1995. Following is a list of the winners of this prestigious title since then.

title: Sumathi Best Teledrama Director Award


text:
Steyn Humphries

Steyn Humphries is a paralympic athlete from South Africa competing mainly in category F55 throws events.

Steyn competed in all three throws at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta winning gold in the F55 Discus, silver in the F56 shot put and bronze in the F56 javelin.

title: Steyn Humphries


text:
Talk:The Ellen DeGeneres Show season 18

Table format
I see there's been an edit-war previously about the table layout. Can you explain the most recent revert outside of "Unnecessary"? That's detailed under WP:OWNBEHAVIOR as An editor reverts a change simply because the editor finds it "unnecessary" without claiming that the change is detrimental. This has the effect of assigning priority, between two equivalent versions, to an owner's version. -- / Alex /21  12:56, 26 November 2020 (UTC)

Color
User:Alex 21 You are the one who changed the colour Unnecessarily. The original colour was fine and perfectly accessible. Makro (talk) 10:19, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * , and it has no use, as it's not used to differentiate between seasons. Explain its use, or face its removal. -- / Alex /21  14:09, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * , If it has no use then why did you change my original colour? If it has no use then leave it as the green i originally set it as.Makro (talk) 14:27, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * I didn't change it, I removed it. Tell me the use of the green. Also, it's not your colour, you're talking in very WP:OWN-based terms. -- / Alex /21  14:36, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * I simply meant the colour i used when i designed the page. The green does not harm or detract the article, it seemed like it was only changed by you to your preference.Makro (talk) 14:47, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia has strict guidelines on the uses of colour, in which they should only be used for a specific purpose and not for decorating. What is the purpose of the green colour? -- / Alex /21  14:59, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * The colour i used came with the table template so clearly it is approved by Wiki. I could ask you the same, what is the purpose of the colour you used? Makro (talk) 15:20, 28 November 2020 (UTC)
 * I didn't use a colour. What appeared is the default colour used by the template in the template's coding itself, as determined through consensus and discussions during and after the creation of the infobox template, which has been used across thousands of articles. As you've not given a reason for the use of colour, it will be restored to the default. The fact that you "designed" this article is irrelevant. -- / Alex /21  15:23, 28 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Ellen DeGeneres Show season 18


text:
Talk:Debbie McGee

McGee was first attracted...
"McGee was first attracted to the millionaire Paul Daniels": is this meant to be a humorous reference to The Mrs Merton Show? See that article to see what I mean. I don't think in-jokes belong in Wikipedia. — Paul G 06:49, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Agreed. I also think it is possible that Daniels was not yet a millionaire at that stage. Whilst he'd been on TV and had a successful stage magic career the Paul Daniels Magic Show hadn't yet launched on TV and he was still some way from the peak of his career. I don't doubt he was worth a few bob but a million was a lot in those days and you didn't become a millionaire by doing summer seasons at the seaside and guest slots on the Wheel Tappers and Shunters.
 * Circusandmagicfan 09:26, 10 April 2007 (UTC)Circusandmagicfan

 * Thanks, Circusandmagicfan (your name suggests you know what you are talking about in this regard), and thanks for the edit. Could you do a little further research and edit the article to say when they met and first worked together? I doubt that anyone other than Daniels and McGee knows when she was first attracted to him, and I doubt that anyone really would want to. When they met is of interest, however. — Paul G 14:03, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

Debbie McGee Models
It seems she may no longer be the owner of the business. At the time of writing the homepage of the agency's website has been replaced with a one-line statement saying the Debbie McGee agency has been taken over. It's not clear what's going on so until I see some more information from reliable sources I'll hold off making an edit.Circusandmagicfan (talk) 16:08, 29 December 2007 (UTC)Circusandmagicfan

Middle name
There seems to be some confusion over her middle name. The "Early life..." section states she was born Debra Alison McGee. However there seems to be no source for this - the source cited at the end of the paragraph makes no reference to her middle name. A source cited in the "Other activities" section (in connection with the demise of her model agency) says that her full married name given on company documents is Debra Ann Daniels. At the moment it seems to me that Ann is more likey to be correct. I suppose it's possible that officials might make mistakes when entering details into the companies registration records, but unless there is a source that supports Alison as her middle name then Wiki policy would be to put Ann in the article. Circusandmagicfan (talk) 11:02, 30 June 2008 (UTC)Circusandmagicfan

Too many ands
That series continued until 1994 and regularly attracted audiences of 15 million in the UK and was sold to 43 countries.[7] NotYourFathersOldsmobile (talk) 11:51, 17 March 2016 (UTC)

Irish or English?
In the text and categories she is described as English, but in the InfoBox she is described as Irish? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:08, 21 March 2016 (UTC)

✅ - fixed. Bastun Ėġáḍβáś₮ŭŃ! 15:14, 23 March 2016 (UTC)

National origin of father
This source suggests that McGee's father Patrick married her mother Lilian F. Howes, in Surrey bewteen Jul and Sep 1957. But it's harder to find any source as to whether he was Irish or Northern Irish. His name was first added to the article here as "Irish father, Patrick McGee" in October 2007 by User:Circusandmagicfan. But the source used, from "everything2.com", does not appear to be a WP:RS. "Northern Irish" was added here by an anon IP in February 2012. This addition was unsourced, but was accompanied by other, apparently accurate, information (or at least this information has not been challenged for over 4 years. Does anyone have a WP:RS source? Martinevans123 (talk) 21:25, 26 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Martin, the IP is now blocked, he is a serial IP hopper POV editor. But to conform to RS and BIO guides, I would suggest rmoving the fathers nationality totally. Murry1975 (talk) 21:31, 27 March 2016 (UTC)
 * I can't disagree. So maybe they've done us a favour. I'm a bit unsure about that "Bubbles" too (added in the same edit). Thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 21:44, 27 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Have now trimmed accordingly. Martinevans123 (talk) 16:26, 30 March 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Debbie McGee. Please take a moment to review my edit. You may add after the link to keep me from modifying it, if I keep adding bad data, but formatting bugs should be reported instead. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether, but should be used as a last resort. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20071225134041/http://www.telegraph.co.uk:80/health/main.jhtml?xml=/health/2000/08/28/tldeb28.xml to http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/main.jhtml?xml=/health/2000/08/28/tldeb28.xml

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 21:55, 30 March 2016 (UTC)

First professional dancer?
An anon IP editor is repeatedly adding the claim "McGee is the first celebrity to feature in the series who is a professional dancer" (four times now, one with an insulting edit summary). I'm pretty sure McGee is not a "professional dancer" and it's debatable that she ever was. Where is the source for this claim? Thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 08:49, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * So we're now up to five times and ths source has been added again (for the second time) in support of this claim. But, as far as I can see, it doesn't include any support? Or perhaps I've missed it there? Martinevans123 (talk) 08:58, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Then you're very unsure about your facts, aren't you? "McGee is a former ballet dancer and for three years was artistic director of her own ballet company" states the first paragraph of her wikipedia page. And surely, wikipedia is never wrong? It goes on... "At 16 McGee auditioned for and won a place at the Royal Ballet School. After graduating, she joined the Iranian National Ballet in Tehran. Aged 19, she became part of the Corps de Ballet and later a soloist, but her ballet career was brought to an abrupt halt by the Islamic Revolution" and continues "She later joined Dougie Squires's Second Generation troupe as a dancer, which involved touring Europe with acts including Chris de Burgh and James Last. After winter work in pantomime" Perhaps all this was amateur work for which she wasn't paid? I suggest you remove all of this "nonsense" from her wiki bio since you're so sure she never was a professional dancer.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 09:24, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * So, where it the wp:citation of a wp:reliable source supporting this? The only citation is http://www.telegraph.co.uk/tv/2017/09/09/strictly-come-dancing-2017-launch-show-live/ which is a timeline giving little, if any support to the paragraph. Jim1138 (talk) 09:28, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Could you explain this edit summary? Thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 09:30, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * None is needed. She is the first. Fact. I suggest you edit the entire McGee page demanding sources and citations for all the references (some of which are quoted above) stating she is a professional dancer, or the information will have to be removed. I will remove it all shortly if you are unable to provide the sources. Sorry if that distracts you from the 5000+ edits you'll be making on wikipedia today as you have no life. And I'm afraid I don't know what a suammry is.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 09:31, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Nope. See wp:verifiability this does not meet wp:SKYISBLUE Jim1138 (talk) 09:40, 7 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Seems you've shot yourself in the foot there, IP:182. A calm and timely discussion here might have achieved your aim. Now we're all just waiting for you to pop up as another abusive edit-warring IP? Martinevans123 (talk) 09:48, 7 October 2017 (UTC) p.s. I must say your English is very good for a editor based in China.

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070502001205/http://www.debbiemcgee.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=5 to http://www.debbiemcgee.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=5

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Ballet Imaginaire section
I've recently watched "When Louis Met...Paul and Debbie", a Louis Theroux programme produced for BBC in 2001. The programme focuses largely on Debbie and Paul's development of Ballet Imaginaire.

As it stands, this WP article sums up Debbie's three year Ballet Imaginaire project thus: "In 2000, McGee and Daniels set up Ballet Imaginaire to produce ballet shows and tour them around the country. However, the enterprise did not have financial success."

This summary of the project absolutely fails to do it justice and rather misses the point. Debbie and her husband did not establish Ballet Imaginaire as a money-making venture - they were a wealthy couple (effectively in retirement) and it is obvious that Ballet Imaginaire was set up to allow Debbie to fulfill a lifelong dream and passion (in the world of ballet). The fact that their first shows were hosted by relatively small (but beautiful) provincial theatres, indicates that Debbie did not venture into this with any grandiose ideas of being an impresario. Had that been the case she might have tried to persuade her husband to liquidate all their assets to launch their show in a premier London Theatre.

Debbie and Paul clearly approached the venture in a very grounded, realistic way. I doubt they had any expectations of achieving "financial success". Equally, I doubt the Ballet Imaginaire project was a financial failure in any (relatively) significant way (relative to their financial status).

Very few theatre productions (whether dance, drama, musical etc) achieve financial success. That is not an indicator of their overall success - overall success has to take into account the producers' objectives.

I believe that Debbie achieved her objectives insofar as she produced many ballet shows that were well attended and enjoyed by audiences.

Dismissing the whole venture in two short sentences has the air of a 'personal take' by whichever contributor wrote them. More could be written. For example: the number of shows produced, some information on how well attended they were, the personal/employment opportunities they afforded to aspiring dancers, the revenue they brought to provincial theatres and so on.

If it must be said that the project was not a "financial success", that needs to be qualified. What constitutes a "financial success"? And the use of the word 'however' in the quoted text is not encyclopaedic - it is judgemental. Omitting that single word changes the tone of the this paltry description of a three year project entirely. 2A00:23EE:2120:27FF:6C3C:5F5:C493:76FB (talk) 14:28, 26 June 2023 (UTC)

McGee's "work with dogs"
This is a reference to an unconfirmed rumour that there are photographs of McGee engaging in sexual acts with a dog. A quick Google search can confirm that this rumour is far more widely known than any actual work she has done with dogs. There are two references for this edit, one of which is a broken link. Both links in fact refer to the same event; McGee and husband Paul Daniels did some voice work for a regional UK animal charity in 2014. Aside from this one referenced instance from ten years ago, I could not find any evidence that McGee does work with dogs. Regardless of the unconfirmed rumour, a single instance of an activity does not make someone known for that activity. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:05, 3 May 2024 (UTC)

 * Yes, here's another, obviously for the same event. Here's a video. I tend to agree it may be too trivial to warrant inclusion. But I'm not sure that gives anyone licence to brand the original addition as "malicious". It may well have been added in good faith. Martinevans123 (talk) 15:16, 3 May 2024 (UTC)
 * As far as I can tell, this edit was originally made in this version:
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Debbie_McGee&oldid=613776154
 * The editor originally also added the claim that McGee has collaborated with author Susan Wilson, with the only reference being a link to Wilson's website. There is no evidence that McGee and Wilson ever collaborated on any books, and this claim has since been removed. However, looking at https://www.susanwilsonwrites.com/, it's clear she almost exclusively writes novels about dogs.
 * Also, I should correct my previous comment, Thames Hospicecare is not an animal charity, it's a regular hospice for humans that produced a video with dogs in, which McGee did voicework for. Describing this as "work with dogs" is a stretch, given that McGee likely did not even come into contact with any of the dogs and none of it is for the benefit of dogs.
 * So the editor has added one very weak and somewhat inaccurate claim, and another that is completely false, in order to link McGee to dogs.
 * Finally, on a separate but related point, I've just seen that the current version of this article contains a claim that in 2005 McGee was made brand ambassador for "Good Boy" chocolates, a brand of dog chocolates. There's nothing online to back up this claim.
 * I'm happy to stand by my claim that these are malicious edits. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:07, 3 May 2024 (UTC)
 * I'm really not sure how you would "prove" any malice. And it might be somewhat pointless, even if you did. But I tend to agree with you that her connection with "dog charity work" is currently somewhat tenuous and possibly too trivial to be worthy of mention. Martinevans123 (talk) 17:12, 3 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Debbie McGee


text:
User:GiorgosK78

Black Tabasco band

An upcoming rock band based in Athens Greece. Formed in 2018 Members: JayJ Cangrejo Yiorgos kavourakis lead vocals and guitar Kostas Papadakis Drums Ilias Paschos Bass

title: User:GiorgosK78


text:
ripristino

Noun

 * 1) restoration
 * 2) revival
 * 3) clearing
 * 4)  a sequence of events used to disconnect a call, and return to the ready state

title: ripristino


text:
User:Maddux23/sandbox

hi my name is cool how cool is your name im the best basketball player ever i can beat anyone i want i can beat LeBron michael jordan kobe bryant lamelo ball lonzo ball lavar ball

title: User:Maddux23/sandbox


text:
Guide to Social Activity/Appearance

The factual accuracy of this module is disputed.

First, the bad news. There is nothing you can do that will make you attractive to every woman you meet. Every woman has her own unique preferences, turn-ons,  and turn-offs. Even if you happened to be Mel Gibson, there are women who would look at you and think, "Eh, nothing special," or women for whom Mel Gibson reminds them of some person they intensely dislike (Mel Gibson, perhaps). You just can't please everybody.

However, you need not appeal to a woman in terms of looks to make her go out with you. Of course, she needs to admire you, to feel good and comfortable because of you. So the whole area of looks is just to prevent some thoughts like "my, that's a dirty/boring/careless guy/gal" to pop up in her mind the moment she sees you first.

Clothing
Basic elements of style:

Fit: Obviously, the piece of clothing in question needs to fit, preferably loosely. If you feel like flaunting your muscles (if you HAVE muscles), then go ahead and wear something a little tighter.

Comfort: Except in extreme situations (i.e. formal dinners and the like), make sure your clothing feels comfortable on you. If not, you'll wriggle around, and this will make you look odd.

Colour: The ideal colour of your clothes depends on you. Dark, muted tones convey an air of professionalism, whereas light, bright tones convey an air of lightheartedness. Play to your strengths.

Fabric: This ties back into comfort. If the basic material the clothing is made out of is itchy and uncomfortable, it won't play well with the ladies. Obviously, find what you feel most comfortable in.

Appropriateness: Wearing an inappropriate outfit can effectively sink you. What is deemed "appropriate" is determined by the situation: obviously, black-tie galas and other upscale events call for a much more strict standard of dress than, say, a club.

Practicality: When buying an outfit, think: "How will I use it"? If it's fairly expensive, and you're rarely going to use it, then it may not be a good idea to buy it.

Value: Go with what works on your budget. If you attempt to woo the ladies by looking like a millionaire when you are not one, it will lead to disappointment.

Mixing and matching: This is very important. If two items of your wardrobe clash, this can sink you. Think of your wardrobe like an orchestra. No matter how good one instrument is, if another doesn't produce a pleasant sound, that's all people will notice. White, black, and grey are the universal matching colours: nearly every other colour will go with at least one of them.

Accessories: Accessories come in two categories, the utile and the stylish.

Utile accessories: These are the accessories you actually USE. Take your belt for example. It's holding up your trousers. You're using it. A watch is another example. You can use it to tell time.

Stylish accessories: You don't actually use these, they're just there to make something look good (like a "grill").

Your body
If you ask a woman what she wants in a man or woman, considering the looks, they will often prefer men or women without fat, a little bit of muscle up to bodybuilder-like figures. However, reality shows the opposite, and it's more important how you make her feel. If she feels turned on by big muscles, that's okay. If you can make her comfortable and (only then) turn her on via what you say, it's even more powerful! Exercising is a good way to go, though.

Exercise
The sacks of meat charged with moving our brains from place to place are wonderful devices, but they weren't designed for the sedentary lives and atrocious diets so many of us inflict upon them. They are meant to be used and used vigorously.

Exercise is absolutely critical to the human body. There are a dozen reasons, and making yourself gorgeous for women of the female persuasion is just one of them. You want to be able to accomplish the daily tasks of life without getting winded. You want to be able to run and play with your kids. You want to be able to defend yourself in a fight. Just choose a reason that motivates you and compels you to do put in the effort, so your body can live up to its potential.

There is no shortage of exercises to choose from. Running, jogging,  cycling,  weight lifting,  swimming,  basketball,  racquetball,  tennis,  gymnastics,  badminton,  and football (European or American) are all popular. But if you prefer some niche sport like fencing, go for it. The important thing is to tailor your workout to fit your own personality and lifestyle. Is it convenient to bicycle to and from work? Do it. Do you enjoy team sports? Do it. Do you like the idea of upgrading your muscles? Do it.

Many people go the weight lifting route, but don't forget to add aerobic exercise into the mix. The usual advice is three to four times per week, for at least twenty minutes per session.

If you are in a very unhealthy condition (like you have difficulties to move thereof...) you need to begin slowly, assisted by some diet, because the primary goal will be weight loss, and to exercise properly you need less weight. Running is best for fat-reducing, you can run as slow as you want (well it should be more strainful than simply walking) for as long as you can. 15 minutes is ok for beginners, even with casual breaks. After two or three months you will feel your heart has become a lot stronger, and you can do a lot longer. You need more than half an hour to begin burning fat efficiently. One hour seems to be a good time span, that is not too stressful for the rest of your body (after some practice though).

Don't be fooled by sports that don't really give you much exercise. For example, cricket. It's a sport with a long and storied history, but try watching a game. How many of the players are actually moving at any given time? The game is characterized by the occasional frantic burst of activity, and a whole lot of standing around. This pattern of exercise is more likely to result in injuries than in firm, woman-attracting abs. It's great to enjoy cricket, but be sure to give your body other forms of exercise. The overall health that results will make you a better player and reduce your likelihood of injury.

Diet is a tricky subject. We all have different dietary needs, we all have different food preferences,  and some lifestyles aren't conducive to getting proper nutrition. Lifestyle changes aren't easy, but they're worth doing. Put down the twinkies and acquaint yourself with the produce department of your local supermarket. Most of us could benefit from cutting back on fat, cutting our overall calorie intake,  and eating a much wider variety of healthy foods. Avoid fad diets, diets that focus on a single miracle food (the infamous grapefruit diet,  for example),  and starvation diets. The best diet isn't necessarily the one that drops pounds fastest, but one which involves permanent lifestyle changes that keep unwanted pounds from coming back.

The news are always full of studies where eating such-and-such vegetable or fruit prevents cancer/heart disease/arthritis/etc/etc /etc.. A sum-up of all these studies is "Food is medicine, and medicine is food." This is the case when you are careful to eat lots of raw vegetables, fruits, and grains, while eating dairy and meat much less often. Eating veggies raw is to be preferred to eating them cooked, because the heat breaks up the vitamins and minerals. Think of fruit as nature's dessert. Eating healthy foods will do you much more good if you stop eating the unhealthy foods too. The key to this is to avoid the pre-processed foods like the plague, and eat things in as natural a state as possible. High fructose corn syrup in particular kills your bodies ability to determine that you are full, which leads to overeating. (do a Google search on "high fructose corn syrup, health" to find out more.) It is amazing how many foods it is found in now.

Healthy eating affects your looks - the gloss of your hair, the clearness of your skin.. It also affects body odor, your energy level, and your outlook on life. You will know that you're eating healthy if you find yourself feeling fewer and fewer cravings for sweets and meats.

Changing your diet
When you go to the grocery store, choose a new vegetable to try, and get only one. When you get home, wash it in water to get the pesticides off of it, cut a small piece, and eat it raw to see what it tastes like and decide whether you like it. If you like it raw, then that's definitely how you should eat it. If you don't like it raw, then try cooking it for just a few minutes, and then try it again. (It is better to undercook than overcook vegetables.) If you don't like that vegetable at all, then don't try eating it again until 6 months later, when you've gotten more used to your more natural diet and your perception of vegetables and their flavors have changed. Think of it as a scientific experiment, and work your way through all the vegetables this way so that you can find you didn't know you liked.

(Health Note: If you decide to eat a food in a different manner of preparation than conventional methods, it is often a good idea to check into the particular item a little first (Web searches, etc.). While taste, creativity and other points are all concerns, some foods are cooked or prepared in a certain way because of nutritional issues. For example, some raw peas, though eaten are actually not good for your ligaments so should be cooked before eating to break down certain chemicals; also, acorns/chestnuts have tannins which should be broken down by heat or other treatments (some societies prepare it with clay which binds up tannins to prevent them from absorption through the intestinal wall. These are just a few examples.)

Try out fruits in a similar fashion, but omitting the cooking step. Fruits are especially good for satisfying hunger quickly, and a piece of fruit can go a long way.

If you hate breakfast cereals with flakes, go for granola cereal. Test out brands until you find one you like, as not all granolas are created equal. Whenever possible, eat carbohydrates based on whole grain, wheat, wheat flour, and the like. Avoid "enriched" if possible.

Hair and Facial Hair
Hair should be clean and well-groomed. Frequent use of shampoo and conditioner is advised, and the longer your hair is the more important it becomes. Regular trims keep your hair low

Oh, one more thing:  Comb-overs. Don't do it. Just don't. It is becoming commonplace for balding men now to simply shave off all of their hair, which many consider to be a better alternative.

Facial hair is a difficult and controversial area. Some women love it, some women absolutely hate it. For widespread appeal, I would suggest doing away with the beard and sideburns altogether. But if you like how you look with a beard or goatee, go for it,  and keep it neatly trimmed at whatever length you enjoy. When you are happy with the way you look, it shows in the way you conduct yourself,  and the confidence you display is often very attractive to women.

Body Language
Stand up straight. This says you are alert and on top of things. It also shows your body to the best advantage. Same goes for sitting up straight.

What to do with your hands -- Use your hands to help convey your meaning when you speak and tell stories. While listening, you can keep them in your pockets, or on your lap (if sitting down). Having your arms folded across your chest during a conversation conveys an impression that you are resistant or closing your mind against whatever is being said; it is like a barrier between you and other people. Avoid this stance when in any kind of argument with a girl. Having one arm folded across your chest with the other arm resting over it and that hand up touching your face conveys the impression that you are listening carefully. If you are at a table, you can also send the same signal by leaning forward slightly, with your elbows on the table, with your head leaning on your hands.

If you sit on a couch next to a girl you don't know, resting your arm on the back of the couch (assuming the back is low enough to do so comfortably) yet without touching her back may be interpretted by some girls as expressing mild interest. More interest may be conveyed, if your other arm is not similarly draped over the back of the couch and there is another girl sitting on that side.

If you are sitting down with an empty spot next to you and a girl walks into the room who you find attractive, you can subtly signal to her to come over and sit down by you by catching her eye and smiling. This will fulfill a girl's psychological need to feel wanted, and it will draw them to you like a moth to a flame. Even if they don't come over and sit down next to you immediately, they will eventually (unless they have a boyfriend and he is present).

 * Between the time that you signal and the time that she comes and sits down next to you, plan out a line of conversation into which you can immediately enter. The girl has no idea what to expect, but she will be open to being impressed and charmed.

Be Yourself!
The most important thing is to be happy with and confident in your body. If you don't feel confident in the appearance you present to women, this lack of confidence will speak louder than expensive clothes or a new haircut ever could. So if some piece of advice feels totally wrong, jettison it. If some outfit makes you feel like an idiot, wear something else. Attitude is everything.

title: Guide to Social Activity/Appearance


text:
Talk:Dizzy Reece

External links modified
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I have just modified 2 one external links on Dizzy Reece. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070915044150/http://www.jazzbeat.com:80/html/Dizzyreece.html to http://www.jazzbeat.com/html/Dizzyreece.html

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 07:04, 14 December 2016 (UTC)

Could the intro be more about Dizzy Reece?
The introductory paragraph seems very odd, being mostly a list of other musicians from the same country. Is there not any other way to describe his career? Compare this introduction with the beginning of Wikipedia biographies for other jazz musicians. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:01, 21 January 2024 (UTC)

 * Hello there -- As part of my recent efforts to improve this article, I have addressed the issue you raise which, I would agree, is a little odd in an article about Reece himself.
 * Thanks Don-music (talk) 14:56, 2 April 2024 (UTC)

Improving this article
Dizzy Reece deserves a better Wikipedia article, particularly given his musical significance. I intend to dedicate time to this over the next month, with a view to removing template banner RE better sourcing etc.

Please help me if you can!

Thanks Don-music (talk) 20:46, 22 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dizzy Reece


text:
Alicto

Alicto is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Cora Alicto (born 1980), Guam sprinter
 * Michael Alicto (born 1982), Guam sprinter

title: Alicto


text:
2022 FIFA World Cup qualification – CONCACAF first round

The first round of CONCACAF matches for 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification was played in March and June 2021.

Format
A total of 30 teams (CONCACAF teams ranked 6 to 35 based on the FIFA rankings of July 2020) were divided into six groups of five teams each. In each group, teams played against each other once in a single round-robin format, for a total of four matches per team (two home and two away). The top team of each of the six groups advanced to the second round.

Seeding
The draw for the first round was held, along with the draw for the third round, on 19 August 2020, 19:00 CEST (UTC+2), at the FIFA headquarters in Zürich, Switzerland.

The seeding was based on the FIFA World Rankings of July 2020 (shown in parentheses). Teams in Pot 1 were pre-seeded to positions A1 to F1 based on their ranking (A1 as the highest-ranked team in Pot 1, and F1 as the lowest-ranked in Pot 1). The remaining teams were drawn by pot into the first available group alphabetically. Each team was assigned the position in their group based on their pot number (Pot 2 was placed in position 2, Pot 3 was placed in position 3).

Note: Bolded teams qualified for the second round.

Schedule
The matches were originally scheduled for 7–13 October and 11–17 November 2020. However, CONCACAF announced on 8 September 2020 that the matches would be postponed, and would not begin until March 2021. The schedule for the March 2021 matches was announced on 26 February 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in North America and related quarantine and travel restrictions in certain countries, some matches took place at neutral venues.

Group E
Saint Lucia withdrew before playing.


text:
Myshkino

Myshkino (Мышкино) is a rural locality (a selo) in Konstantinovsky Selsoviet, Kulundinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 374 as of 2013. There are 2 streets.

Geography
Myshkino is located 7 km northeast of Kulunda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kulunda is the nearest rural locality.

title: Myshkino


text:
Talk:Colin Jones (American football)

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 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://espn.go.com/nfl/player/_/id/14117/colin-jones

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title: Talk:Colin Jones (American football)


text:
birds of a feather

Noun

 * 1)  People having similar characters, backgrounds, interests, or beliefs.
 * 2) * c1710, Jonathan Swift, "A Conference," lines 11-12,
 * And since we're so near, like birds of a feather,
 * Let's e'en, as they say, set our horses together.
 * We're snuggled up together like two birds of a feather would be.
 * We're snuggled up together like two birds of a feather would be.
 * We're snuggled up together like two birds of a feather would be.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Azerbaijani: bir yuvanın quşu
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 同類的人,  ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish: samanlaiset
 * French: ,
 * German: Leute vom gleichen Schlag,, aus demselben Holz geschnitzt
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: bráithre aon cheirde
 * Italian: due gocce d'acqua
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh:
 * Korean: 동류(同類)
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Macedonian:
 * Malay:
 * Norwegian:
 * Polish: ludzie ulepieni z tej samej gliny
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: care se aseamănă, de aceeași categorie
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Latin:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog:
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Vietnamese:

title: birds of a feather


text:
Klaus Mühlhahn

Klaus Mühlhahn (born August 19, 1963) is a German historian and sinologist who was a Professor and Vice President of the Free University of Berlin. Since 2020 he serves as president of Zeppelin University. He was awarded the John K. Fairbank Prize in 2009 for his book Criminal Justice in China: A History.

Biography
In 1993 Mühlhahn received a Master's degree in Sinology from the Free University of Berlin, where he also worked as research assistant from 1993 to 2002 in the Department of Sinology. In 1998 he received his Ph.D. in Sinology at the FU Berlin with his dissertation "Herrschaft und Widerstand in der 'Musterkolonie' Kiautschou". From 2002 to 2004 he was visiting fellow at the Center for Chinese Studies, at University of California, Berkeley. From 2004 to 2007 he was Professor of Contemporary Chinese and Asian History at the Institute for History of the University of Turku. In 2007-2010 he was Professor of History and Associate Professor of East Asian Languages and Cultures at the Indiana University in Bloomington. Since 2010 he has been Professor of Chinese History and Culture at the FU Berlin and since 2014 vice president.

In 2009 Mühlhahn was awarded the John K. Fairbank Prize of the American Historical Association for his book Criminal Justice in China: A History.

Publications

 * Making China Modern. From the Great Qing to Xi Jinping. Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019.
 * Die Volksrepublik China. Berlin/ Boston: De Gruyter, 2017.
 * (Ed.): The Cultural Legacy of German Colonial Rule. Berlin/ Boston: De Gruyter, 2015.
 * with Wen-hsin Yeh, Hajo Frölich (Ed.): Rethinking Business History in Modern China. Berkeley/ Seoul 2015 (= Cross-Currents e-journal, 16).
 * with Nina Berman und Patrice Nganang (Ed.): German Colonialism Revisited: African, Asian, and Oceanic Experiences. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2014.
 * with Nathalie van Looy (Ed.): The Globalization of Confucius and Confucianism, Münster / London: Lit, 2012 (= Berliner China-Hefte – Chinese History and Society, 41).
 * with Clemens von Haselberg (Ed.): Chinese Identities on Screen. Münster/ London: Lit, 2012 (= Berliner China-Hefte – Chinese History and Society, 40).
 * Criminal Justice in China – A History. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009.

title: Klaus Mühlhahn


text:
African Philosophy/Annotated Bibliography/Kwasi Wiredu Toward Decolonizing African Philosophy And Religion

Bibliographical Information
Wiredu, Kwasi: Toward Decolonizing African Philosophy And Religion In: African Studies Quarterly, The Online Journal for African Studies, Volume 1, Issue 4, 1998

URL of Original Article
http://web.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v1/4/3.htm

references/cites
../Kwasi Wiredu African Philosophical Tradition A Case Study of the Akan/


text:
Gracilinitocris

Gracilinitocris is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

 * Gracilinitocris gracilenta (Kolbe, 1893)
 * Gracilinitocris nigrifrons Breuning, 1950

title: Gracilinitocris


text:
Talk:Baćin massacre/GA1

GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''

Reviewer: Wilhelmina Will (talk · contribs) 03:49, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

: With very few, minor grammatical tweaks, the article subsequently complies with MOS policies for grammar and prose, as well as structuring and layout. Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 00:10, 18 February 2015 (UTC)
 * (a)
 * (b)

: The article contains a vast wealth of reputable, published sources, and makes very frequent use of them throughout the text. Nothing resembling original research, here. Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 00:09, 18 February 2015 (UTC)
 * (a)
 * (b)
 * (c)

: The article seems to cover all aspects of the topic for which reliable, encyclopedic information was available. Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 00:08, 18 February 2015 (UTC)
 * (a)
 * (b)

. The article does indeed present its coverage of the topic in a neutral, unbiased tone. Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 00:07, 18 February 2015 (UTC) . Looking at the most recent edits in the article's history shows that it has not been subjected to any editing disputes since March, 2013, if not longer. Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 20:31, 12 February 2015 (UTC) : All three of the article's images use valid licenses, are accepted by the Wikimedia Commons and thereby do not present a fair use problem, and also serve relevant illustrative purposes for the topic. Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 20:32, 12 February 2015 (UTC)
 * (a)
 * (b)

After reading through this article and making a few minor grammatical adjustments, I feel it satisfies the GA criteria. Congratulations! Grinding, grinding, grinding... what are we finding, finding, finding... (talk) 00:10, 18 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Baćin massacre/GA1


text:
User:Facedriveeco/sandbox

Facedrive
Facedrive Inc., commonly known as Facedrive, is a Toronto-based ridesharing company that operates in the technology sector. Founded in 2016, Facedrive Rideshare was the first to offer green transportation solutions in the TaaS space. Facedrive is fully operational in 16 cities across Canada. The unique people-and-planet-first ride-sharing platform is committed to doing business fairly and equitably with both their riders and drivers.

Service Overview:
Facedrive Rideshare Facedrive is a $1.8 billion Canadian ride-hailing company that lets riders choose from electric vehicles and hybrids. The environmentally friendly proposition differentiates itself from traditional players and competitors within the industry.

For Riders: Riders can download the Facedrive app available on iOS and Android. With Facedrive, riders can choose between gas, hybrid and electric vehicles when requesting a ride on the mobile app. Each ride contributes towards local tree-planting initiatives to help residents and visitors take advantage of improved environmental health.

For Drivers: With every trip, Facedrive drivers earn up to 90% of the ride fare and 100% of the tips. Facedrive’s multi-step driver onboarding process ensures proper training and protection for both drivers and riders.

Types of Vehicles:

Gas emission: a few cents with each ride is accumulated for Facedrive’s carbon-neutral offset incentive and a tree-planting initiative that is partnered with city-level environmental organizations.

Hybrid vehicles: Facedrive incentivizes the driver to retain a higher percentage of the ride cost with a more low-emission vehicle while still stimulating the carbon-neutral offset mission.

EV Vehicles: Drivers claim 90% of ride profits, while the EV vehicle is 100% carbon neutral.

Facedrive Foods: Facedrive Foods provides meals in partnership with participating restaurants. In July 2020, Facedrive finalized major acquisitions of Foodora assets. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Facedrive acquired 5,500 restaurant partners previously served by Foodora Canada. Facedrive Foods has also committed to menu options available for delivery through its app of select healthy, nutritious and sustainably sourced choices offered by like-minded restaurant businesses, with consumers’ wellness in mind.

Facedrive Marketplace: The Facedrive Marketplace represents the launch of the company’s approach to engaging and retaining its user base by featuring exclusive, sustainably sourced high-value products and services. Facedrive’s ambitious goal is to become a one-stop-shop for environmentally-conscious consumers looking for curated content and merchandise. The company has secured partnerships with a number of like-minded businesses, influencers and celebrities such as Bel-Air Athletics. The exclusive collection marks an expansion of Facedrive’s strategic partnership with Westbrook Inc., the media company focused on empowering artists to tell stories that connect with a global audience.

title: User:Facedriveeco/sandbox


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/acefitness.org

Links

 * acefitness.org resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Users

 * 331dot
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * AnomieBOT
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group bot on some wikis
 * Balajijagadesh
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups sysop, rollbacker on some wikis
 * ClueBot NG
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups bot, rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * Cyberpower678
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups sysop, rollbacker on some wikis
 * Fixer88
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * JarBot
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group bot on some wikis
 * KylieTastic
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * MarnetteD
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * Mehran
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * NYBrook098
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Polar
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Rlandmann
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Rracecarr
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Serols
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * Termininja
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Theinstantmatrix
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Ата
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Зайва Игорь Леонидович
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * MarnetteD
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * Mehran
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * NYBrook098
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Polar
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Rlandmann
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Rracecarr
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Serols
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * Termininja
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Theinstantmatrix
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Ата
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Зайва Игорь Леонидович
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Rracecarr
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Serols
 * User is whitelisted: User is in trusted groups rollbacker, reviewer on some wikis
 * Termininja
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group sysop on some wikis
 * Theinstantmatrix
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Ата
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Зайва Игорь Леонидович
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Ата
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Зайва Игорь Леонидович
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Ата
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Зайва Игорь Леонидович
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Ата
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * Зайва Игорь Леонидович
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis
 * User is whitelisted: User is in a trusted group rollbacker on some wikis

Additions

 * Displayed all 78 additions.


text:
Игорь

Etymology
Apparently, it is an Old East Slavic-Varangian given name *Iⁿgor, from. Cf. not an Old East Slavic-Varangian given name.

Etymology
From, brought to Russia by Varangian rulers, from , name of a god +. Cognate to modern Scandinavian Ingvar, Yngvar and akin to English Ivor.

Descendants

 * Transliterations

title: Игорь


text:
va-et-vient

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) comings and goings, toing and froing
 * 2)  back and forth, in and out, up and down, to and fro
 * 3)  two-way switch
 * 1)  two-way switch
 * 1)  two-way switch
 * 1)  two-way switch

title: va-et-vient


text:
User:Katebroening/sandbox/Claire deVroede

Claire deVroede Clur dV. is the most magical person to ever exist. She is hilarious and kind and has the ability to make anyone feel so loved. She is amazing and simply gorgeous. She has insane freckles and the cutest laugh ever. She is so smart and will always be down to talk about music, the environment, or Alison Bly's death. If you ever have the privilege to spend time with Clur, make sure to ask her to twitch her nose, it is a world-renowned skill.

Person 1: Hey, Clur, want to watch Game of Thrones?

Clur: No thanks Person 1: Clur, you beautiful devious fox. Never change Clur: Oh thanks *twitches nose and flies away*


text:
fottutamente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  a intensifier

Usage notes

 * Only seems to be used to modify an adjective.

title: fottutamente


text:
Martell, California

Martell (formerly Oneida) is a census-designated place in Amador County, California, United States. It is located 1.5 mi northwest of Jackson, at an elevation of 1486 feet (453 m). The population was 282 at the 2010 census.

Martell is located west of Jackson and east of Ione, by which it is connected by the Amador Central Railroad. Martell is where several major retail and restaurant outlets for Amador County are located.

The community is in ZIP code 95654 and area code 209.

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census reported that Martell had a population of 282. The population density was 120.7 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Martell was 234 (83.0%) White, 0 (0.0%) African American, 14 (5.0%) Native American, 0 (0.0%) Asian, 5 (1.8%) Pacific Islander, 14 (5.0%) from other races, and 15 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 36 persons (12.8%).

The Census reported that 217 people (77.0% of the population) lived in households, 65 (23.0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 97 households, out of which 23 (23.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 32 (33.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 17 (17.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 7 (7.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 7 (7.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 0 (0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 32 households (33.0%) were made up of individuals, and 6 (6.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24. There were 56 families (57.7% of all households); the average family size was 2.80.

The population was spread out, with 43 people (15.2%) under the age of 18, 43 people (15.2%) aged 18 to 24, 77 people (27.3%) aged 25 to 44, 93 people (33.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 26 people (9.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males.

There were 114 housing units at an average density of 48.8 /sqmi, of which 97 were occupied, of which 53 (54.6%) were owner-occupied, and 44 (45.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 16.7%. 124 people (44.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 93 people (33.0%) lived in rental housing units.

Politics
In the state legislature, Martell is in, and. Federally, Martell is in.

title: Martell, California


text:
Gizmodrome (album)

Gizmodrome is the self-titled debut album by supergroup Gizmodrome, released in September 2017. It features Stewart Copeland (the Police, Curved Air), Vittorio Cosma (PFM, Elio e le Storie Tese), Mark King (Level 42), and Adrian Belew (Frank Zappa, David Bowie, King Crimson).

One song, "Amaka Pipa", was previewed on earMUSIC's official channel on 12 June 2017, three months before the release of the album. A videoclip of another song, "Man in the Mountain", featuring the band recording in the studio, was also uploaded to the same channel three days before the release of the album.

Songs
"Stay Ready" and "Strange Things Happen", in much different arrangements, were originally released on Stewart Copeland's alter ego Klark Kent's "Kollected Works", with the latter also appearing on the soundtrack of The Texas Chain Massacre 2. "Zombies in the Mall" derives from a tune Copeland wrote for the soundtrack of Spyro the Dragon called "Louis". A song called "Stark Naked" was performed by Curved Air in 1975, during the time Copeland was part of the band, and released in 1995 on Live at the BBC but it bears little to no resemblance to the tune of the same name included in this album. Elio, the frontman of the Italian band Elio e le Storie Tese, in which Cosma is currently a touring member, guest stars as a lead vocalist and lyricist on "Zubatta Cheve".

Track listing
All music and lyrics written by Stewart Copeland except where noted.

Personnel

 * Gizmodrome
 * Vittorio Cosma – keyboards, backing vocals
 * Adrian Belew – guitar, backing vocals
 * Mark King – bass, backing vocals
 * Stewart Copeland – drums, percussion, lead and backing vocals

 * Guest appearance
 * Elio – vocals on "Zubatta Cheve"

title: Gizmodrome (album)


text:
User:Wilki1le/sandbox

I plan on using the following resources:

Kakunga amoung the Yaka and Suku

Bourgeois, Arthur P. “Kakungu among the Yaka and Suku.” African Arts, vol. 14, no. 1, 1980, pp. 42–88. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3335670.

Sculpted Forked Wood Kwango, Congo

Sculpted Forked Wood Kwango, Congo. Artstor, library.artstor.org/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822001430964

Art of Yaka and Suku

Janzen, John M. African Arts, vol. 18, no. 4, 1985, pp. 14–21. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3336251.

title: User:Wilki1le/sandbox


text:
Latin/How to study a language on the Internet and in your head

How do you think about languages as you study them? Typically, you will consider every punctuation mark and letter, all the verbs and nouns, adverbs and adjectives, and study them in order to make connections. Ideally, you will have a teacher to point you in the right direction, and help you make those connections. But when you have no teacher, those connections are left for you to discover. They may be clear or hidden, but either way you will have to make them yourself. As you explore this Wikibook, it will require the skill of critical thinking.

You can never go wrong studying a language if you remember that exposing yourself to a language, even if you stumble in practice, is itself learning it. Looking things up too much can sometimes impede progress. Stretch your memory, read slowly, and re-read. As you will soon discover, you are about to study a language that is rich and full of meaning, the ancestor of the Romance languages, such as Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian, and an outsized influence on many other languages besides, including English.

So do not assume that...
...Latin is like any other language. Do not assume ancient Roman culture is entirely unlike other cultures, however. The Romans grappled with issues that are universally dealt with.

We, the authors, endorse memorization, and after that, immersion. You must develop Latin muscles, and a willingness to write or type things out, or drill using software, or with a friend. Note the patterns after you have memorized the forms, not before. Allow yourself to be mesmerized by them. Similarly, seek out explanation only after you have memorized forms. Memorize forms, then make sentences, then use your knowledge to speak or to write the language.


text:
User:DocEss

Advice
Please stow your emotions securely in the overhead compartment for everyone's safety on this flight.

I am here to separate the wheat from the chaff.

Think of me as the sand grain in the oyster.

I am but a humble shepherd.

title: User:DocEss


text:
Talk:Chris McCusker

External links modified
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I have just modified 3 external links on Chris McCusker. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120328092858/http://inlandseaofsound.wordpress.com/artists/ to http://inlandseaofsound.wordpress.com/artists/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:48, 6 August 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chris McCusker


text:
Siecie-Wierzchocino railway station

Siecie-Wierzchocino is a non-operational PKP railway station in Siecie (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

title: Siecie-Wierzchocino railway station


text:
Geoff Coleman (footballer)

Geoffrey James Coleman (born 13 May 1936) is an English former professional footballer who played as a right back in the Football League for Northampton Town. He later managed non-League clubs Redditch, Lockheed Leamington, Nuneaton Borough and Wealdstone.

title: Geoff Coleman (footballer)


text:
User:Umkendaj

Hello, my name is Jeff Kendall and I'm currently finishing my third year of computer engineering at the University of Manitoba. I'm looking to help out in any way I can, so let me know.

title: User:Umkendaj


text:
Talk:Douglas Gordon

External links modified
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I have just modified 6 one external links on Douglas Gordon. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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External links modified
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:41, 28 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Douglas Gordon


text:
User:SadaqatSahab

I am working at (SDTS) Sewa Develoipment Trust Sindh and (NRSP) National Rural Support Programe.

title: User:SadaqatSahab


text:
Talk:Instructional design/Psychomotor behaviors

=Design Document= The following describes the design driving this instructional module.

Target Audience
• Corporate and vocational trainers developing instruction for physical tasks. Individuals should already been familiar with instructional strategy from the cognitive domain.

• Higher education specialist (academicians?) seeking a broad overview of psychomotor learning domain.

Course Goal
Training developers will be able to create and/or select instructional strategies for teaching specific interpersonal topics. Additionally, they will be able to effectively and correctly evaluate different methods and strategies within the psychomotor domain, and will be able to decide which training or instructional options would be the best option to meet very specific training goals within the domain. The result shall be an instructional unit that is efficient, effective, and appealing.

Learning Objectives
Given a learning objective that involves a psychomotor skill, the learner will be able to create and/or select micro-level instructional strategies for designing instruction that teaches the psychomotor skill. --Susanwright 00:30, 13 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Describe which topics and issues fall within the psychomotor domain.
 * Define and describe various methods and strategies used for creating instruction within the psychomotor domain.
 * Evaluate a learning environment for use in psychomotor instruction, including implementation considerations
 * Develop Strategies in Psychomotor Assessment

Melissa 03:29, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

Learning Experience
This unit provides an online, self-paced learning experience in which students wishing to learn about instructional design methods, theories, strategies, and issues within the Psychomotor Domain.

Text, photos, video, and audio clips will be used to help guide students as they produce their own instruction for psychomotor skills using Harrow's Taxonomy: Imitation - Manipulation - Precision - Articulation - Naturalization.

The unit will also include demonstrations, scenarios, opportunities for practice, and an assessment on development of performance-based and skill-based evaluations. After completing this unit, students will be equiped to determine if the learning domain for their course falls within the psychomotor, cognitive, or affective domain.

=Discussion= Team review page 357 in Driscoll book

Perhaps we can review the different schools thought on the domain

Directions from Pete: ''You may continue to edit these elements, please please do so without signing or adding things out of the structure -- edit directly in the structure. Your next task is to develop a prototype lesson for one of the enabling objectives. Someone should take the lead, choose one, and begin development. Others should contribute, edit, and elaborate. For fairness, everyone will take the lead on at least one of the enabling objectives. Let's start with the prototype, then apply what we learn to the other objectives''

Conference Call Notes for 2/27/2007
Regarding the objectives: The team will tweak the wording and looking at diferent ways for presenting these objectives.

Bryan is going to look at these two objectives:  Describe which topics and issues fall within the psychomotor domain. Define and describe various methods and strategies used for creating instruction within the psychomotor domain.

Susan is going to look at the Target Audience area and these two objectives:   List the delivery considerations for instruction within the psychomotor domain.  Describe the Intelligence that deals with psychomotor skills  Rea is going work on Learning experience and the following two objectives  Give examples of exercises which facilitate instruction for psychomotor skills.  Define delivery methods for instruction
Melissa is going to work on the following objectives:

Describe the psychomotor domain.
 List the strategies for instructional material development for psychomotor skills And
Start developing a prototype using the Describe the Domain looking at using appropraite micro-strategies and       possible media to use in the lessons

 Team will post their findings in the Discussion area Findings for March 3''' and mark it with their signature by Friday, March 2, 2007 by 11:59pm.

Next conference call is scheduled for Saturday, March 3, 2007 at 7pm. Bryan will call all team members for the call.''' --Melissa 03:17, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

Findings for March 3 Discussion
From Bryan Hudson

Describe which topics and issues fall within the psychomotor domain.

The psychomotor domain receives less attention in the instructional design community than the cognitive and affective domains. While this lesser role is justified given the propensity of learning needs in the cognitive and affective domain, Ppsychomotor domain learning needs exist in many environments. According to Romiszowski, it is also important to “recognize the interralateness of psychomotor skills with best practices in the cognitive, affective and other domains of learning.” (Romiszowski, from Releigluth, p. 461)

“One can therefore place effective psychomotor training models within paradigms such as the one the performance technology movement has spawned.” (p. 461)

Instructional Design focused on cognitive/affective outcomes in an area such as training lab technicians will also require attention to the psychomotor domain issues such as speed, productivity, accuracy, and error rate. (p. 461) As a performance related topic, lab work in the context of the psychomotor domain provides opportunities to measure procedural validity. This is very important consideration beyond possessing knowledge of chemistry.

One of the weaknesses of early psychomotor domain theory/practice was the emphasis on simple movements or repetitive sequences.(p. 462) Later work has focused on the larger, more complex skills of which simple movements are components.

“A distinction was made by Poulton (1957), in the context of sports training, between ‘closed’ and ‘open’ tasks, the former requiring a response to a stable environment (e.g. bowling), and the latter requiring continuous adjustment to an unpredictable, changing environment, as during a football game.” (p. 462)

The “closed” task is also referred to as “productive” tasks, while “open” is referred to as “reproductive” tasks. Using this model, it is not difficult to envision and instructional design project that blends considerations of the psychomotor domain alongside the cognitive and affective domain, especially where knowledge acquisition is followed by motor activity.

Romiszowski proposed a “skills cycle” that involves a cycle of stages starting from the reception of information and leading to specific action in a given environment. (p. 463). The following diagram (insert Fig. 19.1 from page 463) illustrates the value of including psychomotor skills (physical action) alongside the categories of cognitive skills (decision making), reactive skills (self control), and interactive skills (dealing with others).

Define and describe various methods and strategies used for creating instruction within the psychomotor domain.

Building on Romiszowski’s “skills schema,” instructional designers can consider which methods and strategies might serve learning needs for projects that have a psychomotor component.

“The skills cycle draws our attention to the importance of considering such factors as perception, memory, intellectual skills, and cognitive strategies when we engage in the teaching of psychomotor skills.” (p. 465)

Regarding the specific process for psychomotor learning, Romiszowski, building on the work of Seymour (1954, 1966) proposes the following five stages: [Re-print text from pages 467-468]

The larger strategy for psychomotor learning follows four categories:

1.	Information (explanation, demonstration and guidance)

2.	Practice (Frequency, spacing, etc. ) [Add video of Alan Iverson’s quote about “Practice?”]

3.	Feedback (Frequency, form, quality, etc)

4.	Transfer and generalization

Sources: Reigeluth, Charles (1999). Instructional-Design Theories and Models: A New Paradigm of Instructional Theory. Hillsdale, NJ:

Bryhudso 12:49, 3 March 2007 (UTC)

From Rea White Breckenridge

Create examples and non-examples of exercises which facilitate instruction for psychomotor skills.

An example of an exercise which facilitate instruction for psyschomotor skills is the Naval Rescue Swimmer School. The swimmers receive extensive cognitive knowledge as well as associated psychomotor skills. A non-example is class about swimming outside the pool,in which the swimmers receive cognitive knowledge without the associated psychomotor skills.

Determine effective delivery methods for psychomotor skills.

In order to determine the most effective delivery method for psychomotor skills, you must first be aware of the stage of learning. According to R. H. Dave, a widely accepted psychomotor taxonomy adaptation of Bloom’s Psychomotor Domain Taxonomy there are 5 stages of learning.

1. Imitation – demonstrations, observation, role play – the learner may be asked to read about the subject or watch a video performance of the skill.

2. Manipulation – Skill is broken into sequences in which the learner performs and practice, practice, practice.

3. Precision – The learner will continue to practice until the skill become less of an effort and begins to master the skill.

4. Articulation –

5. Naturalization –

Sources:

=Lesson Prototype Development= From Rea White Below are revised objectives based on our conference call 03-12. Please edit or give your approval...

Revised Objectives: 1. Define the psychomotor domain and describe the psychomotor domain.

2. Define and describe various methods and strategies used for creating instruction within the psychomotor domain.

3. Evaluate a learning environment for use in psychomotor instruction, including implementation considerations.

4. Develop strategies for psychological condition in the performance of psychomotor skills Describe the psychomotor domain.

For further information about the Psychomotor Domain, click the following link: http://itc.utk.edu/~jklittle/edsmrt521/psychomotor.html

Proposed timeine
Proposed next steps -
 * March 6 - review feedback from Pete
 * March 12 - submit course outline for your two objectives (Bryan e-mailed link to a sample lesson) for group feedback
 * March 16 - feedback due
 * March 30 - submit course draft for group review
 * April 6 - feedback due
 * April 14 - lesson due for final group review
 * April 16 - wiki lesson due to pete

Links for Team Review
http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/educ_school2/docs/stai_manual/manual10.htm http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3717/is_200204/ai_n9076737 http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3848/is_200106/ai_n8957047 http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2405/is_4_125/ai_53953570 http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2493/is_3_55/ai_n15963535 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JITE/v32n4/whetstone.html http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html http://coe.sdsu.edu/eet/articles/psychomotor/index.htm


text:
1900 Kansas Jayhawks football team

The 1900 Kansas Jayhawks football team was an American football team that represented the University of Kansas as an independent during the 1900 college football season. In August 1900, Lawrence W. Boynton, a recent graduate of Cornell, accepted an offer to serve as the Kansas football coach. In their only season under Boynton, the Jayhawks compiled a 2–5–2 record and were outscored by a total of 118 to 75. The Jayhawks played home games at McCook Field in Lawrence, Kansas. Charles Wilcox was the team captain.

title: 1900 Kansas Jayhawks football team