text:
Al-Azimi

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Tanūkhī (أبوعبدالله العظيمي), commonly known as al-ʿAẓīmī (1090–post-1161) was an Arab chronicler of the history of Aleppo.

Al-Azimi was a poet and school master in Aleppo. He was a contemporary of the Aleppine historians Hamdan ibn Abd al-Rahim al-Atharibi and Ali ibn Abdu-illah ibn Abi Jarada. He belonged to the Tanukhid tribe.

Al-Azimi authored a general annals of history of Syria beginning from the year 1063 and ending 1143/44 called Al Muwassal 'ala al-Asl al-Mu'assal. This work was published by Claude Cahen as La Chronique abrégée d'al-ʿAẓīmī in the French Journal asiatique in 1938. Al-Azimi also composed the influential Ta'rikh Halab (The History of Aleppo), which was a frequent source for the later histories of Aleppo by Ibn al-Adim and Ibn Abi Tayyi. According to Cahen, "The interest of the portions of al-'Azimi's work which have been preserved does not reside in their intrinsic value, but rather in the fact that they are the only texts which escaped the destruction of North Syrian historiography between the middle of the 5th/9th century and that of the 6th/12th century; they thus enable us, to a certain extent, to complete or criticise the great works of the following century, on which we are dependent for the history of this period, by bringing us closer to their sources: a necessary test in view of the changes which had taken place in the meantime in the Syrian moral and social climate."

Most of al-Azimi's work have been lost, with the exception of the portions published by Cahen. According to the Syrian historian Suhayl Zakkar, despite what little survives, the information al-Azimi provides is "very valuable" for the history of Aleppo in the 11th century. Part of his work covers the reigns of the Mirdasid princes of Aleppo Shibl al-Dawla Nasr, Mu'izz al-Dawla Thimal and Rashid al-Dawla Mahmud, their relations with the Fatimid Caliphate, the collapse of the dynasty, the rise of the first Seljuk ruler of Aleppo Aq Sunqur al-Hajib, and the era of the Zengids.

title: Al-Azimi


text:
Talk:ASP.NET

new version is 2.0 Beta

Links not working, ) is included giving wrong url
The links (in brackets) are not working as the closing bracket is included in the url.

Looking at the editing instructions briefly it seems that you should include these in double square brackets to make them in to proper links.

Don't include language-specific features
I think that VB features such as the lack of a multiline comment delimiter should be taken to the Visual Basic .NET article.

 * I think that we should include both languages. --Mplogan 23:11, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * ASP.Net is a web programming model that uses different languages for the CodeBehind. We should try not to dive into the language-specific parts of the ASP.Net programming model, rather we should look at ASP.Net from a broader perspective like the usage of the various contorls, web.config, web.sitemap and other such stuff.
 * - Arunreginald 08:32, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

Learning the languages is part of the point
Discussing ASP.NET w/o discussing VB.NET and C#.NET is worthless. The point of the book should be to teach the languages along with the best practices for coding ASP.NET web apps. A book that merely discussed the life-cycle of development patterns of ASP.NET apps w/o the specifics of language would be too abstract to have any value for most. The idea, I think, is to create a useful introductory text. --wheat 02.16.05

Problems in the code
I am still learning ASP.NET, but I am very familiar with C#, and the code given in this article is most definitely not C# code.

Please quote an example of the book's C# code that is wrong. I can find no fault with the C# code in this book yet. All examples are given in both C# and VB.Net, are you sure you're not confusing the VB.Net code with C#?

ASP to ASP.NET 1.0/1.1 to ASP.NET 2.0
There are three versions 'in the wild' which need explaining - and ASP.NET 1.0/1.1 is also different from ASP.NET 2.0 as well. A basic section on installation would help BY VERSION along with a conversion section.

One aspect that I have found confusing is the deployment to make a designed web available under a public IIS. aspnet_regiis -i anyone?

Probably an explaination of the .NET paradigm would be of benefit. ASP.NET is just an application of the .NET paradigm to ASP

Contributors list
I am removing the contributors list from the main page, I dont think it's appropriate for people to be signing the content modules. If you want to talk about the authors either do it here on the discussion page, or create a special page for it at ASP.NET/Authors. I am copy+pasting the contributors list here, in case somebody wants to move them to a better place. --Whiteknight (Page) (Talk) 14:33, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * --Jaq316 12:10, 8 May 2006 (UTC) Jaq316 added the "Links about ASP.NET Providers section under Related Links
 * --Mplogan 00:28, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC) Michael Logan is currently working on upgrading this page along with several other topics.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:ASP.NET


text:
Sideshow Wrestlers

Sideshow Wrestlers (Le Conseil du pipelet ou Un tour à la foire, literally "The Janitor's Advice, or A Visit to the Fair") is a 1908 French short silent film by Georges Méliès. It was sold by Méliès's Star Film Company and is numbered 1159–1165 in its catalogues, where it was advertised as a bouffonnerie extravagante (an "extravagant buffoonery").

Plot
On the encouragement of his friend, a lodging-house janitor, a man goes to try his luck sparring a professional wrestler at a fair sideshow. He watches some of them at work, including a exaggeratedly sturdy woman wrestler who completely flattens her opponent. Finally he is pitted against an extremely tall wrestler, and manages to come out victorious.

Production
The French title, Le Conseil du pipelet, refers to the lodging-house janitor in the first scene; such janitors had been called "pipelets" in France since the publication of Eugène Sue's The Mysteries of Paris (1842–43), where the name first appears. The film finds Méliès reusing a bit of physical comedy, with a man flattened out like a pancake by means of a careful substitution splice, that he had already used in Fat and Lean Wrestling Match (1900) and An Adventurous Automobile Trip (1905). In turn, he would reuse the janitor's uniform in The Diabolic Tenant (1909).

The film has been known to survive since at least the 1970s, when John Frazer's book Artificially Arranged Scenes described its action but misreported the French title as High-Life Taylor (the French title of a lost Méliès film, Up-to-Date Clothes Cleaning). The confusion around the films' bilingual titles was cleared up in a Centre national de la cinématographie publication a few years later.

title: Sideshow Wrestlers


text:
Management Strategy/Five Forces

Michael Porter, one of the leading researchers in the field of business and a professor at Harvard Business School, has identified five key forces which affect the strategy of any industry. These forces are:
 * 1) Threat of New Entrants
 * 2) Threat of Substitutes
 * 3) Industry Competition
 * 4) Bargaining Power of Suppliers
 * 5) Bargaining Power of Buyers

Managers use the Five Forces model to help identify opportunities or evaluate decisions in the context of the environment. Often, the Five Forces are mapped against a SWOT analysis to develop a corporate strategy.

To complete a Five Forces analysis, it is often best to build a grid on a piece of paper and label each section--keeping Industry Competition separate. Fill-in each section and to develop a view of the industry. Then, think about if the industry is truly competitive or if the industry is a monopoly or oligopoly. What makes your company able to compete in this environment?

title: Management Strategy/Five Forces


text:
User:Hallar Hussain

The original name of the town was Landahu, "land" "ahu" means "land of dates". This town is located in 8 kilometres south side of Khairpur city, two canals flows in the villag.

title: User:Hallar Hussain


text:
User:Kramertw

T. Kramer holds a BA in liberal arts and sciences from Virginia Tech, an MAED from Virginia Tech, and a post-master's certificate in school administration from Virginia Commonwealth University. He is currently employed by Stafford County Public Schools in Virginia as a technology resource teacher.

title: User:Kramertw


text:
הם

Etymology 1
. Cognate with 🇨🇬. The central sense is “they”; other senses are by extension.

Pronoun

 * 1) they the third-person masculine plural personal pronoun, masculine plural of
 * 2) those, yon the masculine plural distant demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural of
 * 3) are a masculine plural present-tense copula, masculine plural of
 * 1) are a masculine plural present-tense copula, masculine plural of
 * 1) are a masculine plural present-tense copula, masculine plural of

Usage notes

 * Like the other personal pronouns, is not used as a direct object, as the object of preposition, or as a possessive pronoun; rather, its sense is incorporated into the preceding word (which is usually a preposition, especially in Modern Hebrew), which then appears in its third-person-masculine-plural-personal-pronoun-including form. This applies to its demonstrative-pronoun sense as well, as these senses are not truly distinct.
 * Like other masculine plural forms, is used both with masculine-only antecedents or referents and with mixed-gender antecedents or referents.
 * Like other masculine plural forms with feminine counterparts in, is sometimes substituted for its feminine counterpart  (in which case it takes feminine adjectives and verbs), but this is not usually considered correct.

Adjective

 * 1) those, yon the masculine plural distant demonstrative adjective, masculine plural of

Usage notes

 * This adjective is nearly always found in its definite form.

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1)  heme.

title: הם


text:
Sporades

Translations

 * Ancient Greek:
 * Dutch: Sporaden
 * Finnish: Sporadit
 * French:
 * Greek:
 * Italian: Sporadi

title: Sporades


text:
Mahanay Island

Mahanay Island is a small island in Central Visayas in the Philippines. It is slightly north of Bohol island, with Banacon island and its surrounding reef to the north, Handayan Island to the west, and Tambu, Banbanon, and Bansaan Islands to the east. The island is also one of the country's twenty one protected coastal areas under Executive Order 117.

Population
As of 2015, the island has a population of 2,344, of which 1,806 (or 77%) live in the Talibon Municipality, with the remaining 538 (or 23%) living in the Getafe Municipality, which makes up the western third of the island. This is a slight increase from the island's 2010 population of 2,143. The island's primary access is via a short boat trip from Getafe or Talibon. Seaweed farming is one of the livelihood in the island.

title: Mahanay Island


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User:JRM

I'm Joost R. Meerten. "It Came From Wikipedia!" My Wikipedia user page is here.

Foci
This space is reserved for reminding me where I'm at and what I'm doing there (something my watchlist can't exactly do). Eventually, it could be of use to you, as well. Once I figure out how to make those neat boxes, that is.

 * Computer Science bookshelf
 * The organization is haphazard, to say the least. We should look at a CS library (any will do, really) and steal ideas from them on organization.
 * School of Computer Science
 * Work on a basic curriculum.

Mission statement

 * To contribute to anything related to Computer Science; to turn the Wikibook section into an organized library/study hall/university for computer science.
 * To keep reminding people that this is a wiki, and that there's no one true way of organizing information, nor should there be.
 * To keep reminding people that this is not Wikipedia, and that Wikibooks should be structured (but since it is a wiki, structured in many ways).
 * To explore and establish connections with other disciplines.
 * There's CS and mathematics, CS and physics, CS and linguistics and CS and psychology, to name a few. Clearly, I'm not talking about people just using computers, but using them in ways that extend both the CS and the other discipline in directions that wouldn't exist without CS.

Personal background
I have a bachelor's degree in CS and am close to getting my master's, so I consider myself not completely ignorant on the topic -- that said, I don't consider myself the world's foremost expert either. :-) My favorite topics include compilers, formal correctness, computational complexity and with a more mathematical flavor, proof checking (in various lambda calculi). And I'm not completely devoid of practical knowledge, either. :-)

Availability
I wish I could devote lots of time, but alas, I'm quite busy right now getting my master's, working part-time and oh, did I mention I'm going to move soon? You can expect some batch editing from me, and don't be upset if I don't react right away -- or even for a few days. That said, I do make a point of checking up on the wikisomethings once a day, even if I can't do much. I have a talk page, use it!

title: User:JRM


text:
Botswana Agricultural Marketing Board Workers' Union

The Botswana Agricultural Marketing Board Workers' Union (BAMBWU) is a trade union affiliate of the Botswana Federation of Trade Unions in Botswana.


text:
Nikolayevka (selo), Nikolayevsky Selsoviet, Mikhaylovsky District, Altai Krai

Nikolayevka (Николаевка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Nikolayevsky Selsoviet, Mikhaylovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 925 as of 2013. There are 9 streets.

Geography
Nikolayevka is located 27 km northwest of Mikhaylovskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bastan is the nearest rural locality.


text:
Aba Subregion

Aba Subregon was a subregion in Fejér County, Hungary. Its center was Aba. It was the only subregion where the center is not a town or a city.

title: Aba Subregion


text:
hingst

Etymology
From, , , , from , cognate with 🇨🇬. The Scandinavian word for “horse”, e.g. 🇨🇬, comes from a Verner alternation variant,.

Noun

 * 1) stallion (uncastrated male horse)

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  horse

Etymology
From, , ,.

Noun

 * 1) a stallion

Derived terms

 * (= ridgeling, rig)
 * (= ridgeling, rig)

Etymology
From, , ,.

Noun

 * 1) a stallion

Derived terms

 * (= ridgeling, rig)
 * (= ridgeling, rig)

Etymology
From, , , from , , ,.

Noun

 * 1) a stallion

title: hingst


text:
Ireland Live

Ireland Live was an Irish television news and current affairs service produced by UTV Ireland. Ireland Live featured national, international and regional news, including extended reports, interviews and sports coverage during its flagship hour-long programme at 10pm on weeknights. UTV Ireland's chief news anchor was Alison Comyn.

The news service was produced and broadcast from UTV Ireland's headquarters at Macken House in Dublin's Docklands, with district reporters and camera crews based at regional newsrooms in Cork, Limerick and Galway. UTV's Northern Ireland newsrooms in Belfast, Derry and the Parliament Buildings in Stormont are also utilised. International news coverage is provided by independent broadcast agency Feature Story News. UTV Ireland's head of news was Marcus Lehnen, with Margaret Ward and Cece Leadon as executive producers.

IFTA 2016 Winner. Best news programme. ‘Brexit Special’. Ireland Live News at 5.30.

Broadcast times
Ireland Live broadcast a half-hour evening newscast and an hour-long programme at 10:00 p.m. Its early-evening news initially aired at 6:30 p.m. on weeknights until May 2015, when it moved to 5:30 p.m., putting it in direct comparison with TV3's The 5.30. In parallel with this change, UTV Ireland also began to broadcast hourly Ireland Live news updates throughout the day.

Ireland Live also produced local news updates aired during UTV Ireland's simulcasts of Good Morning Britain.

Presenters

 * Alison Comyn (main anchor at 17:30 & 22:00 programmes)
 * Claire Brock (main anchor at 22:00)
 * Jenny Buckley (Weather presenter)

Reporters and correspondents

 * Claire Brock
 * Eric Clarke
 * Paul Colgan (Economics Editor)
 * Darragh Collins
 * Marie Crowe (Sport)
 * Sean Dunne
 * Stephanie Grogan
 * Claudia Headon
 * Luke Holohan (Online Journalist)
 * Aidan Kelly
 * Zara King

 * Sharon Lynch (Dublin Videojournalist)
 * Sarah O'Connor
 * Sinead O'Donnell
 * Marése O'Sullivan (Online Journalist)
 * Bernard O'Toole (Sport)
 * Denis Mahon (Dublin Videojournalist)
 * Anita McSorley
 * Christina McSorley (Dublin Videojournalist)
 * Kevin Purcell (Reporter)
 * Mary Regan (Political Editor)
 * Naoimh Reilly (Cork Videojournalist)

Former presenters

 * Chris Donoghue (10pm programme)
 * Ger Gilroy (Friday sports preview)

After the station shut down many of the reporters moved to either RTÉ news or Virgin Media news.

title: Ireland Live


text:
catch it

Verb

 * 1)  To be severely reprimanded, punished, or beaten.
 * 2) * a. 1887, George Bernard Shaw, An Unsocial Socialist
 * If they beat us, we shall catch it, and serve us right.
 * If they beat us, we shall catch it, and serve us right.

Translations

 * French:,  ,  ,  ,  se faire enguirlander

title: catch it


text:
Unitarian Universalist

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to believers of Unitarian Universalism.

Noun

 * 1) A follower of Unitarian Universalism.

title: Unitarian Universalist


text:
Category:Pages of unknown use

Please add this category to any pages whose use is unclear - a page may, for example, be being used by a face to face class, but it needs to be clear in Wikiversity what pages are useful for and who they are targeted at.

title: Category:Pages of unknown use


text:
School Leaders Licensure Assessment

The School Leaders Licensure Assessment (SLLA) measures whether entry-level education leaders have the standards-relevant knowledge believed necessary for competent professional practice.

The 4-hour assessment is divided into 2 sections: Section I (2 hours 20 minutes) — 100 multiple-choice questions. Section II (1 hour 40 minutes) — 7 constructed-response questions call for written answers based on scenarios and sets of documents that an education leader may encounter. Each of these questions focus on a specific content area related to the standards addressed in ISLLC 2008. In answering the questions, candidates are required to analyze situations and data, propose appropriate courses of action and provide rationales for their proposals.

Introduction to the SLLA
The School Leaders Licensure Assessment (SLLA) is a test that is used by several states in the USA to grant a credential to become a K-12 School Administrator, such as a principal, sometimes in lieu of a masters degree. It is administered by Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is given three times each year. The test is based around the Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISSLC) Standards.

The test is 4+ hours long. There are both paper and computerized version of the test, but the paper versions are being phased out. ETS has some free test preparation material, and other material for sale. In California, the Association of California School Administrators (ACSA) offers a course called Aspiring California Educators (ACE) that helps prepare a person for the test. This class includes the ETS material as part of its fees. This class is highly recommended. This page will contain some of the information from that class, and some thoughts from myself, and hopefully others who have taken the SLLA and passed. As with all Wikiversity pages, no copyrighted material should be copied here, and this page should definitely not contain any actual questions from the tests. Cheating is unethical, and illegal. Given how the test is structured, I firmly believe that you can not pass unless you know how to make good decisions as an administrator, and can analyze situations well. But even if you have these pieces of knowledge and skills, the SLLA also requires knowing what parts of your knowledge you should write. This is what I hope this page can help with, and also help give general tactical advice.

The potential test-taker should be aware that the examination does not prepare individuals to be successful entry-level administrators. Test-takers in California should carefully consider whether the cost and time savings are worth the risk of liability due to a poor understanding of California law, finance, and state accountability requirements (all of which are not covered on the SLLA).

Parts of the SLLA
The four-hour assessment is divided into two sections:

•Section I (2 hours 20 minutes) — 100 multiple-choice questions. (worth 70%) •Section II (1 hour 40 minutes) — Seven constructed-response questions call for written answers based on scenarios and sets of documents that an education leader may encounter. Each of these questions focuses on a specific content area related to the standards addressed in ISLLC 2008. In answering the questions, candidates are required to analyze situations and data, propose appropriate courses of action, and provide rationales for their proposals. (worth 30%)

A ten minute break between the multiple choice section and the structured response sections is provided.

Cases and Documents
The cases and documents both involve analyzing documents, and making decisions based upon these. Some of the type of documents can include:

 * Schedules
 * Staff Evaluation Forms
 * Enrollment Data
 * Demographic Data
 * Standardized Testing Data
 * Grade Information
 * Fact Sheets
 * Newspaper Articles
 * Memos from teachers, staff, or supervisors
 * Letters from parents
 * Minutes from meetings
 * School Improvement or Strategic Plans
 * Student Surveys
 * Financial Data

Preparing for the SLLA
It is highly recommended that you get as many sample questions as you can before the test, and the sample rubrics for the questions. If there is a class offered near you that talks about how to pass the test, take it! Otherwise, get the SLLA prep materials from ETS. They're expensive, but worth it to pass the exam. They include many guidelines and sample answers. Sometimes, you can get the prep kit on eBay, or a used book store.

One of the best ways to use the sample questions is to answer them before looking at the rubric. Time yourself just as you would in the actual test. Then use the rubric to score your answer, and ask someone else to use the rubric to score your answer. (Make sure the other person doesn't see how you originally scored yourself) By doing the practice questions, you will also become familiar with the language of the test.

Once you have composed practice questions, it seems wise to read the answers that earned 3 points, rather than the lower scoring, so the higher scoring recommendations and rater commentary will be in your mind.

Pay particular attention to the comments in the study guide materials. What did the raters like about answers? What was missing from others. This gives you ideas as to what should be included.

Creating a formal study plan, and scheduling which days and times you will do which parts of your studying can be very beneficial.

The ISSLC Standards
The ISSLC Standards are what the SLLA is based upon. Having a basic grasp of what the standards are can be helpful in passing the exam.

An educator leader promotes the success of every student by:
 * Standard 1 - The Vision of Learning - facilitating the development, articulation, implementation, and stewardship of a vision of learning that is shared and supported by the school community:

 * Standard 2 - The Culture of Teaching and Learning - advocating, nurturing, and sustaining a school culture and instructional program conducive to student learning and staff professional growth

 * Standard 3 - Management of Learning - ensuring management of the organization, operations, and resources for a safe, efficient and effective learning environment

 * Standard 4 - Relationship with Broader Community to Foster Learning - collaborating with families and community members, responding to diverse community interests and needs, and mobilizing community resources

 * Standard 5 - Integrity, Fairness, and Ethics in Learning - acting with integrity, with fairness and in an ethical manner

 * Standard 6 - The Political, Social, Economic, Legal and Cultural Context of Learning - understanding, responding to, and influencing the larger political, social, economic, legal and cultural contexts

Following is the function of each standard, as explained by the ISLLC:

Standard 1:
 * collaboratively develop and implement a shared vision and mission
 * collect and use data to identify goals, assess organizational effectiveness, and promote organizational learning
 * create and implement plans to achieve goals
 * promote continuous and sustainable improvement
 * monitor and evaluate progress and revise plans

Standard 2:
 * nurture and sustain a culture of collaboration, trust, learning, and high expectations
 * create a comprehensive, rigorous, and coherent curricular program
 * create a personalized and motivating learning environment for students
 * supervise instruction
 * develop assessment and accountability systems to monitor student progress
 * develop the instructional and leadership capacity of staff
 * maximize time spent on quality instruction
 * promote the use of the most effective and appropriate technologies to support teaching and learning;
 * monitor and evaluate the impact of the instructional program

Standard 3
 * monitor and evaluate the management and operational systems
 * obtain, allocate, align and efficiently utilize human, fiscal, and technological resources
 * promote and protect the welfare and safety of students and staff
 * develop the capcity of distributed leadership
 * ensure teacher and organizational time is focused to support quality instruction

Standard 4
 * collect and analyze data and information pertinent to educational environments
 * promote understanding, appreciation and the use of community's diverse cultural, social and intellectual resources
 * build and sustain positive relationships with families and caregivers
 * build and sustain productive relationships with community partners

Standard 5
 * ensure a system of accountability for every student's academic and social success
 * model principles of self-awareness, reflective practice, transparency, and ethical behavior
 * safeguard the values of democracy, equity and diversity
 * consider and evaluate the potential moral and legal consequences of decision-making
 * promote social justice and ensure that individual students needs inform all aspects of schooling

Standard 6
 * advocate for children, families and caregivers
 * act to influence local, district, state and national decisions affecting student learning
 * assess, analyze and anticipate emerging trends and initiatives in order to adapt leadership strategies

Knowledge, Skills and Beliefs
The following is a summary of what knowledge, skills, and beliefs an effective school administrator should have:

 * Leadership and Vision
 * Good communication skills
 * The desire to work with all stakeholders and build consensus as much as possible
 * Being able to develop and implement a strategic plan
 * Understanding and being able to apply systems theory
 * Having good data gathering and analysis skills
 * Having high standards
 * Believing everyone can learn and everyone deserves a good education
 * The desire to continually grow and improve; the willingness to do self-examination, spreading this desire to others

 * Teaching and Learning
 * The belief that student learning is the first and foremost purpose of schooling
 * Desiring to help students to learn to become contributing members of society
 * Knowing and being able to apply learning and motivational theories to have effective instruction
 * Having effective strategies for measuring, evaluating, and assessing students, staff, curriculum, etc
 * Belief in diversity
 * Understanding the needs of the adult learner to have effective professional development
 * Understanding how change occurs in a school system
 * Being able to use technology to improve the educational process
 * Understanding and being able to work in school cultures
 * Creating an environment where everyone feels valued and important because you treat everyone with fairness, dignity and respect
 * Acknowledging and celebrating the responsibilities and contributions of all stakeholders

 * Management

 * Collaborating

 * Ethics

 * Environment

General SLLA Test Taking Strategies
The following are some test taking strategies that may help you:

For more info and tips on the test buy the SLLA Crash Course Book, it has Two Complete Practice Tests: https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781475827842/SLLA-Crash-Course-Approaches-for-Success
 * You may want to read several of the questions first and start on the "easiest" one.
 * State the obvious. The scorers will not make any assumptions about what you know or don't, so state everything
 * Don't use buzz words. The scorer may not be from your state, and may not know what you mean.  If you do choose to use a word that might not be known by everyone, make sure you explain it.
 * If you use an acronym, spell out what it is before using it, and explain what it is.
 * Analyze and underline the important parts of each section.
 * Pay attention to the "action" verbs in each scenario, and also the details such as a new principal, or May in service.
 * Do not repeat the question in your answer, or put the standard in your answer. Knowing the standards is very good, but putting the title of a standard in your answer won't help you.
 * Do not argue with the question, or try to answer an "alternative" question (Although it is fine to not agree with people in the scenario, don't say in your answer "this scenario is stupid")
 * Do not misspell principal! (Other spelling and grammar errors will generally not be counted against you)
 * Leave spaces between paragraphs so they can be added to later. You can also draw lines to other parts of the paper if you wish to add something.
 * Be sure to put your answers on the appropriate page
 * You don't need to put in a formal topic sentence of thesis statement.
 * Be careful with bullets or lists, make sure that if you use them that it is extremely clear what the entire list means.
 * Pace yourself, keep track of the time.
 * Make sure you respond to all parts of the question, as often the questions may have more than one "sub question" inside of it. There also are other implicit questions that might be good to answer in your statement.
 * Before answering a question, you can brain dump and outline your answer. This often is helpful for people.
 * In any scenario, it never hurts to gather more information before making a decision. (Although some safety or legal decisions must be made immediately, it does not hurt to gather information afterwards.)
 * In any scenario, make sure you close feedback loops, such as getting back to a parent who complains, or talking to a teacher, etc.
 * Be careful when reading charts, graphs, tables etc. Make sure you really understand what they mean.
 * If you finish a section early, reread your responses, and reread the questions.
 * It seems that you will generally not get docked points if you put in too much information in your responses, but the information should always be well thought out and well organized.
 * Get the study guide, review all the questions at least twice. Pace yourself and answer all of the questions.

You have to know the ISLLC Standards and SLLA Crash Course takes you step by step through the standards and then gives you two complete practice tests.

What to Bring with You to the Test
You should check with the official website to find out what is required when taking the test.

The following are some of the items that are required or recommended to take with you when taking the test:
 * Proof of admission
 * Photo ID
 * A variety of No 2. pencils and black and blue pens.
 * Papermate makes a black pen with an eraser; this pen is a must for this test! (added by LauraJC26 :))
 * Pencil Grips to make holding the pencil or pens easier
 * Layers of clothing so you can adjust to any weather or temperature
 * Snacks
 * Bottled water or other beverages
 * A bagged lunch, so you don't have to look for a restaurant during the break
 * Eat breakfast before going
 * Wrist Brace for your writing hand
 * Non-prescription pain killers (your wrists will be sore)
 * Basic Wrist Watch
 * Ear plugs (for the night before if you stay in a hotel)
 * A positive attitude! Positive self talk can psyche yourself up and help you in the test.

How the SLLA works in each state
See the ETS list of states for requirements for each state.

In the state of California passing the SLLA with a score of 173 out of 200 (86.5%) or higher allows a person to without a masters degree to get an Administrative Services Credential. California apparently still uses the older 1010 test, which is covered in this article.

In Louisiana, 166 is passing and with 240 hours of documented leadership activities, one can get Educational Leadership Certification for administration and supervision, referred to as the Alternative Pathway 1.

In Virginia, North Carolina, and New Jersey, 163 is passing. (List of passing scores from ETS, by state.)

Despite having the lowest performing schools and a shortage of school administrators due to a mass exodus from the profession, the State of Mississippi requires the highest score in the US (169) to receive an Administrators License with an appropriate Masters Degree.. ETS now offers two different test for SSLA: 6990 or 6011. Make sure to check the state requirements as to which test is accepted. Also, the passing rate is lower for the 6990 in comparison to the 6011.

Study Resources

 * Hozen, Wafa (2017). SLLA Crash Course. Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>842
 * http://www.slideshare.net/whozien/slla-school-principal-exam-questions-and-answers?qid=4c88f471-85bd-46e6-b82e-38570f3a19c2&v=&b=&from_search=1

title: School Leaders Licensure Assessment


text:
User:Gaya007/Sample page

hellodnndn

Here is a citation to a website.

Here is a citation to a news article.

Here is a template for facts that lack a citation.

Here is a link to the JJNnnnnpage for Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales. The text displayed for the link can be customized like this. When links go to paXSMXSMXSMMSXges that do not exist, they appear red, like this.

This is a subsection heading

 * Bulleted list item 1
 * Bulleted list item 2

You can make text bold or italic when needed.

 * 1) Numbered list item 1
 * 2) Numbered list item 2

External links section
Example external link

title: User:Gaya007/Sample page


text:
User:AhmedWikiStar

Hello, I am Ahmed. I made this account on June 2020. I mostly read Wiki articles but want to be an editor myself. My interests range from the history of the Middle East to South Asia. I also like quantum theories and space science. I speak Arabic, German and English. I am Muslim. I am born in Lattakia, Syria.

title: User:AhmedWikiStar


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Talk:Spanish/Sound Files

We either need to get rid of this page or post new sound files.--Fenoxielo 18:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Broken Links (Moved from Sound Files page)
//Any of these links above work... I would have liked to listen to them, especially to the Spanish numbers

title: Talk:Spanish/Sound Files


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Topic talk:Software quality assurance

Client Server Testing
Web Test
 * so, what do you mean with this? --Erkan Yilmaz 18:22, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

German Wikiversity course "software test"
Hello everybody, I am one of the tutors of the german Wikiversity course software test. I would like to also start here with the course (first start would be: to translate the actual German course). And if there are people who would like to join, I would be happy. I am not yet finished with all topics, but one prob I have is, that there are not so many helping people (tutors and participants) in the German course - except of course Exxu. :-) I would say: first you could start with the Google translator here (please keep in mind, that there can be content errors due to automatic translation by Google - best is always to drop me a message to clarify things fast). Tell me, what you think about it. --Erkan Yilmaz 17:05, 27 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I have set announcement in the colloquium and in School talk: Computer Science. Please excuse my double entry, since my intention was, that I get a fast feedback. --Erkan Yilmaz 17:16, 27 November 2006 (UTC)
 * So, the new topic is created here now. --Erkan Yilmaz 20:07, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Topic talk:Software quality assurance


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Talk:Otto Struve Telescope

Warner and Swasey Co. vs Paterson-Leitch
I tweaked the article to more accurately reflect the contents of this plaque on the mount of the telescope inside the dome. Jason Quinn (talk) 07:29, 29 November 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Otto Struve Telescope


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DSRC (disambiguation)

DSRC is dedicated short-range communications, a short to medium range wireless protocol.

DSRC may also refer to:

 * Dakota Southern Railway (reporting mark), a US railroad
 * David Skaggs Research Center, a research center in Colorado

title: DSRC (disambiguation)


text:
Acacia burrowii

Acacia burrowii, commonly known as Burrow's wattle, is a tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is native to eastern Australia.

Description
The tree only has single stem typically grows to a height of less than 13 m and grey coloured ribbony bark. It has glabrous, scurfy, reddish-brown coloured branchlets that are angular towards the apices. Like most species of Acacia it has phyllodes instead of true leaves. The flat, straight, or slightly curved phyllodes have a narrowly elliptic shape with a length of 2.5 to 11 cm and a width of 4 to 10 mm and have one to three slightly prominent main veins. It blooms between July and October producing yellow flowers. The flower-spikes have a length of 1.5 to 3 cm packed with golden coloured flowers. After flowering thinly coriaceous to crustaceous seed pods form that have a linear shape and are slightly constricted between seeds with a length of 4 to 11 cm. The dark brown to black seeds with an oblong-elliptic shape are longitudinally arranged in the pods.

Distribution
It is endemic to north western New South Wales and south eastern Queensland. It is found on the plains around Cobar and Nyngan in the south withit's range extending north through Yetman and the Pilliga Scrub into south eastern Queensland from around Goodiwindi and Moonie, Queensland in the south up to around Eidsvold in the north where it is found in rocky hillsides in loamy or sandy soils as a part of Eucalyptus forest and woodland communities or sometimes dense scrubland.

title: Acacia burrowii


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Talk:Guide to Social Activity/Masculinity

Hey, I liked that part about not using coersion in a relationship. Did you (the author) make that up yourself?

This section was obviously written by a woman. This section does nothing to address the fundamental hipocricy of women; they say one thing, but do another. This is a common historical critisim of women by men that dates back hundreds of years, if not more. For example, us men know of many women who have sex with men they know are losers, yet they want to hang out with us who are not losers. They want to be our "friend", but when shit hits the fan, they usually dont do much to help us. However, they will ask us for countless favors. The losers these young women chose to have sex with have one thing going for them: confidence. Women are genetically programmed to be attracted to confidence, and this is the strongest theory in my opinion of why they tell us one thing, but do another. Specifically, they say that they want the knight in shining armor, but they have sex with players who they know have already done most of the other girls in town, have been in jail, have no job or a bad job, and no prospects for a future.

The last part of this section, titled "Vulnerability", is quite ignorant. It needs to be clarified by addressing the issue of young women being attracted to the "bad boys", and then LATER (trying to) change them into good-bad guys. Women want a combination of losers and winers. They want a confident loser who knows how to pick up women, then they want to try to change this loser after they are with them. Don't believe me? Ask women in their 30's who are single/divorced. They will tell you how they used to be attracted to a certain type of man, but have now realized that they want quality men. What they wont tell you is that they will probably cheat on you and still have sex with the losers.

I suspect this "Vulnerability" section was written by a lesbian.

 * It's best not to simply delete sections just because you don't agree with their content. It's far better to rewrite them to make them better. BTW, I don't have an opinion either way about the quality of the content of the section. (Donovan|Geocachernemesis|Interact) 11:07, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)

This entire masculinity section is a complete joke. You people should be ashamed of writing such crap. You think that showing respect towards motherhood is going to get a guy laid? Who wrote this stuff? A typical nerd virgin with no life who lives in his moms basement, or worse, a woman?


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User:AnFu

I'm new as of 20 March 2006. Please forgive any mistakes I may make. I'll probably learn as i go. I'm starting to translate articles posted in the translation sections.

I'm highly bi-lingual in Spanish (was fluent in 87), which I learned from 4 years of college Spanish and in 1.5 years in central Mexico.

I also butcher French but native speakers say they understand me fine.

title: User:AnFu


text:
Granada Reports

ITV News Granada Reports is a British television news service broadcast and produced by ITV Granada.

Overview
Granada Reports is produced and broadcast from studios in the Orange Tower at MediaCityUK in Salford Quays.

Before this, the news service was based at Granada's Quay Street studios in Manchester city centre. Reporters are also based at newsrooms in the Royal Liver Building in Liverpool, Lancaster and on the Isle of Man. News staff were also based at district offices in Blackburn and Chester, until they were closed in 2005.

History
When Granada began broadcasting in May 1956, coverage of regional news and sport featured regularly within its programming, including the station's Travelling Eye outside broadcasts.

Within a year, Granada established its first regular bulletin - Northern Newscast - followed by a topical magazine programme, People and Places, noted for featuring some of the earliest television appearances by The Beatles.

In 1958, Granada broke further ground with three Travelling Eye programmes covering the Rochdale by-election.

Up until 1962, the station was also producing topical output in the Welsh language, primarily for Welsh-speaking viewers in North Wales, including daily news bulletins and a magazine programme, Dewch i Mewn (Do Come In).

People and Places was succeeded in January 1963 by the nightly Scene at 6.30. The programme was the first on British television to break news of the assassination of John F. Kennedy, following a tip-off from CBS News.

Granada continued to experiment with its regional news coverage, including late night editions of Scene, and from 1964, a new strand known as Granada in the North (later On Air), which replaced continuity junctions with national and local news summaries, features and programming previews.

Following changes to the company's franchise, including a new brief to solely cover the North West, Scene was axed in 1968 and replaced by six self-contained regional programmes, preceded by a Granada News bulletin.

Granada reverted back to a nightly magazine programme, under the name of Six-O-One, and latterly Newsday, until settling on the Granada Reports brand in 1973. During its early years, the programme spawned a number of spin-offs, including the social action series Reports Action and the North West political programme Reports Politics.

On 20 September 1978, Joy Division made their television debut on by performing Shadowplay during the "What's On" segment of Granada Reports.

In April 1986, most of Granada's regional news operation was relocated from Manchester to a computerised news centre at the former Traffic Office building in Liverpool's Albert Dock, eight years after the company had first established a news base in the city, based at Exchange Flags.

The flagship evening programme was relaunched as Granada Tonight in January 1990, before returning to the Manchester headquarters in 1992. The Albert Dock news centre continued to produce and broadcast bulletins until 1998 – the studios were finally closed in July 2006.

For much of its run, Granada Tonight placed a greater emphasis on non-news features and entertainment content, with its studio set consisting of sofas and armchairs. On 1 October 2001, the main evening programme reverted back to Granada Reports, while short bulletins continued to air as Granada News.

As of 2013, most bulletins now air under the joint branding of ITV News and Granada Reports with breakfast updates entitled Good Morning Granada.

The programme was unaffected by cutbacks to ITV regional news in early 2009. The only major change saw ITV Granada take over coverage of the Isle of Man from ITV Tyne Tees & Border on 16 July 2009.

On 27 September 2012, it was announced technical staff had been invited to volunteer for redundancy as part of national job losses affecting ITV News services. The timing coincided with production moving from Granada Studios to MediaCityUK. The first bulletin from Salford Quays, presented by Tony Morris, aired on Sunday 24 March 2013.

Lucy Meacock announced on 15 July 2024 that she is to leave ITV Granada after 36 years as the main presenter of Granada Reports. Her final programme will be on Thursday 1 August 2024.

Current notable on air team

 * Mel Barham
 * Gamal Fahnbulleh
 * Mike Hall
 * Tori Lacey
 * Lucy Meacock
 * Amy Welch
 * Elaine Willcox

Former notable on air team

 * Gordon Burns
 * Gay Byrne
 * Martin Dougan
 * Stephen Douglas
 * Peter Eckersley
 * Clare Fallon
 * Judy Finnigan
 * Kerrie Gosney
 * Bob Greaves
 * Bill Grundy
 * Stuart Hall
 * Catherine Jacob
 * Chris Kelly
 * Denis Law
 * Jan Leeming
 * Debbie Lindley
 * Andrew Lindsay
 * Tom McGurk
 * Richard Madeley
 * Alistair Mann
 * Adam McClean
 * Rob McLoughlin
 * Jon Mitchell
 * Tony Morris
 * Michael Parkinson
 * George Reid
 * Shelley Rohde
 * Mike Scott
 * Bob Smithies
 * Fred Talbot
 * Mark Tattersall
 * Alan Towers
 * Rachel Townsend
 * Brian Trueman
 * Dan Walker
 * Elton Welsby
 * Anthony Wilson

Awards

 * BAFTA Television Awards
 * Best News Coverage: 2007, 2013
 * Royal Television Society
 * Best News Coverage in the Nations and Regions: 2007, 2008
 * Best Regional News Programme – North West: 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
 * Best Regional Story – North West: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
 * Best Regional on Screen Talent – North West: 2011 (Rob Smith), 2012 (Clare Fallon)
 * Best Innovation in Multimedia – North West: 2012 (Adam McClean)

title: Granada Reports


text:
2014 Idaho Secretary of State election

The 2014 Idaho Secretary of State election was held on November 4, 2014, to elect the Secretary of State of Idaho. Incumbent Republican Secretary of State Ben Ysursa did not seek re-election after 12 years of serving as the secretary of state.

Background
Republican Incumbent Ben Ysursa decided not to seek re-election after serving since 2003.

title: 2014 Idaho Secretary of State election


text:
World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for Peace

The World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for Peace "brings together Imams and Rabbis who formally seek to initiate rapprochement between Judaism and Islam".

Three congresses have been held, in Brussels, January 2005; Seville, March 2006; and Paris, December 2008. These gatherings were attended by religious leaders, from over 43 countries, who are actively committed to the path of dialogue between their communities." WCIRP is a project of Hommes de Parole, a Swiss foundation based in Geneva, created in 2001, by Alain Michel.

First World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for peace: 2005
The First World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for peace took place in Brussels, Belgium from 6 January 2005. One hundred and fifty Rabbis and Imams participated. The focus of the conference was: "Islam and Judaism as instruments of peace - recognition and respect of others". The program was intended to be a forum for planning concrete actions and setting up of frameworks for cooperation. The goals of the meeting included 1) condemning violence perpetrated in the name of religion 2) creation of a dialog and partnership between the two religions 3) facilitate development of peaceful solutions to conflict by influential religious leaders 4) gather these leaders before the media to promote a message of peace. A final declaration, posted on the Hommes de Parole Web site was made as follows:

 * We, leaders, representatives, Rabbis and Imams of Muslim and Jewish religious communities who have assembled from all over the world for the first world congress of Imams and Rabbis for Peace affirm our commitment to strive to end all bloodshed and attacks against innocent human beings that offend the right to life and dignity given by the Almighty to all human beings.

 * 1) We call upon all people to combat hate, ignorance and their causes and to build together a world of peace, rich in diversity, in which all faiths and their practices are respected and protected.
 * 2) We call upon the political leaders of all peoples to work for righteous and peaceful durable solutions around the world and in particular in the Holy Land for the benefit of all peoples and faith-communities who live in the land and hold it dear.
 * 3) We pledge ourselves to pursue a shared goal of respect for human rights for all people and peoples, without which no peace can be possible.
 * 4) We call upon all religious leaders in Jewish and Muslim congregations around the world to devote regular sermons and addresses to their communities on the importance of inter-religious respect and reverence for all human life under all circumstances.
 * 5) We announce the establishment of a permanent joint committee to help implement these commitments and propose programmatic initiatives on a regular basis, in keeping with the proposals presented during the congress and in its spirit for the well being of all peoples.

Second World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for peace: 2006
The Second World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for peace took place in Seville, Spain from 19 to 22 March 2006. The Second Congress focused on building trust and confidence necessary for joint projects, creating a forum in which religious leaders can use their influence in conflict resolution, help religious leaders to challenge the misuse of religion in fanaticism, and to create structures to facilitate practical day-to-day work in prioritized areas. A final declaration, posted on the Hommes de Parole Web site, was made as follows:

In the name of the One Creator and Master of the Universe, the Compassionate and All Merciful, we Muslim and Jewish leaders and representatives, gathered for the Second World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for Peace organized by Hommes de Parole in Seville, in the region of Andalusia - recalling the past era in which Jews and Muslims lived together here in harmony and mutual enrichment - and aspiring for such relations today and in the future.
 * We accordingly affirm that contrary to widespread misrepresentation, there is no inherent conflict between Islam and Judaism, on the contrary. While modern politics has regrettably impacted negatively upon the relationship, our two religions share the most fundamental values of faith in the One Almighty whose name is Peace, who is merciful, compassionate and just; and who calls on us human beings to manifest these values in our lives and to advance them in relation to all persons whose lives and dignity are sacred. Therefore we reiterate the message we sent from our first congress, that we deplore bloodshed or violence in the name of any ideology everywhere. Especially when such is perpetrated in the name of religion it is a desecration of religion, itself and the gravest offense against the Holy Name of the Creator.
 * Thus, in addition to calling upon all our co-religionists to respect all human life, dignity and rights, to promote peace and justice; we call upon them and the governments of the world and international institutions to show respect for the attachments and symbols of all religions, as well as their holy sites, houses of worship and cemeteries, particularly in the Holy Land, due to its special sensitivity.
 * Accordingly, we condemn any negative representation of these, let alone any desecration, Heaven forbid. Similarly, we condemn any incitement against a faith or people, let alone any call for their elimination, and we urge authorities to do likewise.
 * We recognize that there is widespread misrepresentation of our religions, - one in the other's community as well as in the world at large.
 * We affirm therefore the urgent need for truthful and respectful education about each other's faith and tradition in our respective communities and schools; and call upon those responsible to promote such essential education for peaceful co-existence.
 * Solemnly we pledge ourselves to the aforementioned continue to seek out one another to build bridges of respect, hope and friendship, to combat incitement and hostility, to overcome all barriers and obstacles, to reinforce mutual trust, serving the noble goal of universal peace especially in the land that is holy to us all.

Third World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for peace: 15–17 December 2008, Paris, France
The Hommes de Parole Foundation has organized the Third World Congress of Imams and Rabbis for Peace at UNESCO, in Paris, under the patronage of and in collaboration with UNESCO. The theme of the Congress is "The Sacredness of Peace". The Congress brought together 85 religious leaders and experts from over 22 countries.

Permanent Committee for Jewish-Muslim Dialogue
The Permanent Committee for Jewish-Muslim Dialogue was created after the First World Congress as an institution which would reflect and act in domains and on problematic issues in which Islam and Judaism are implicated. The committee is composed on nine founder members, four international Jewish personalities, four international Muslim personalities and a neutral president: Sheikh Ahmed Abaadi, Director of Islamic Affairs of Morocco; Grand Rabbi Joseph Azran; Grand Rabbi Av Beth-Din of Rishon Letzion; Grand Rabbi Shear Yashuv Cohen, Grand Rabbi of Haifa; Sheikh Kone Idriss Koudouss, President of the National council of Imams of the Ivory Coast; Alain Michel, founder of Hommes de Parole; Dr Ndam Njoya, Coordinator of the Higher Islamic Council of the Cameroon, President Founder of the Institute of Islamic and Religious Studies, International co-President of the World Conference of Religions for Peace; Grand Rabbi David Rosen, International Director of Interreligious Affairs of the American Jewish Committee, International co-President of the World conference of Religions for Peace; Sheikh Talal Sedir, ex-Minister of Religious Affairs of the Palestinian Authority and Imam of Hebron; Oded Wiener, Director of the Cabinet of the Grand Rabbinate of Israel.

International Interreligious Monitoring Centre (IIMC)
The Committee created an International Interreligious Monitoring Centre (IIMC) in February 2005. The goal of this committee is to condemn and denounce anti-religious acts worldwide, to create a best practices guidelines and to address the bigotry prejudice and racism. The committee has also published two press releases condemning the assassination of Rafic Hariri and the threats made against the holy places of Jerusalem.


text:
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Lizzydarcy2008/Archive

Suspected sockpuppets

Both users edit the same page exclusively. They both try to add similar thing to the page, it being rank #whatever on Netflix and trending on Netflix Hong Kong, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand and Singapore (Edit by Syntyche S, edit by Lizzydarcy2008) WP:XS. Also, I check the edit history of both accounts and their edits never overlap which was a red-flag for me and caused me to report this. Now that we have dispute resolution filed, Lizzydarcy2008 stopped editing, and Syntyche S suddenly became active again and started editing the page, adding similar changes.

Not sure if I should add the IP or not, but it was Lizzydarcy2008 editing their comments on a talk page while logged out. Also, it is possibly that Lizzydarcy2008 is related to User:Surozee who has similar editing style. See Sockpuppet investigations/Finrell ausi/Archive where other sock puppet were found on the same page.

Also, sorry to all accounts if you are unrelated. I just wanted to make sure since your edits seem very similar. CherryPie94 🍒🥧 (talk) 11:35, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

Comments by other users
, several editors are making the same edits because truth does not change. And we are noticing the same unfair treatment being endured by this topic. This drama has millions of admirers. When an important information is removed, these admirers would try to put that information back. You have accused me of being an obsessed fan several times but have you considered that you might be an obsessed detractor? Lizzydarcy2008 (talk) 18:03, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

User:ST47, I just noticed User:CherryPie94 revealed my IP address. Is this not outing? Surely, forgetting to log in before adding a comment happens to a lot of editors? I said so in my reply to a notice about it. What User:CherryPie94 did (outing me) is a serious security violation, especially since Wikipedia pages including this, are open to the public. I demand Wikipedia remediate this situation immediately. Lizzydarcy2008 (talk) 18:19, 17 August 2020 (UTC)
 * If you publicly admit that this is your IP address, then there is no violation in another user pointing that out. It's right there in the page history. ST47 (talk) 18:39, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

 * User:ST47 Before this sockpuppet notice, there was no association between my IP address and my login name. I replied to the notice about me using my IP address (once) without putting my login name. But this sockpuppet notice has made the association. This is what User:CherryPie94 wrote: "Not sure if I should add the IP or not, but it was Lizzydarcy2008" and the IP address is in the sockpuppet notice. This is what I mean with Wikipedia resolving this situation - to also remove the history records. Even If I try to edit this sockpuppet notice to remove the IP address, the association will still be in the history. Please also remove the history records. Lizzydarcy2008 (talk) 19:56, 17 August 2020 (UTC)

Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments

 * They are technically ❌. ST47 (talk) 11:48, 17 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I did find both Surozee and Finrell ausi in my own research, and they are also technically ❌. ST47 (talk) 12:27, 17 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Per CU findings, closing without action. I note that the IP has been given a uw-login, I will drop one on Lizzydarcy's talk page for good measure. GeneralNotability (talk) 18:45, 17 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Robert Snodgrass

Robert Snodgrass (born 7 September 1987) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played as a winger.

Snodgrass started his senior career with Livingston. He also had a loan spell at Stirling Albion before moving to England in 2008, joining Leeds United. He helped Leeds win promotion to the Championship in 2010. In February 2012, Snodgrass was appointed captain of Leeds, but he rejected a new contract offer and moved to Norwich City later that year.

He left Norwich after they were relegated in 2014 and moved to Hull City. On his league debut for Hull, Snodgrass suffered a serious knee injury that sidelined him for over a year. Hull were relegated in his absence, but Snodgrass helped them gain promotion via the playoffs in 2016. Snodgrass moved to West Ham United in January 2017, and he was loaned to Aston Villa for most of the 2017–18 season. After Snodgrass left West Ham in January 2021, he had short stints with West Bromwich Albion, Luton Town and Heart of Midlothian at the end of his career.

After playing for Scotland at various youth levels including under-21s, Snodgrass received a call up to the Scotland national team side in 2009, and won his first cap in February 2011. Snodgrass retired from international football in October 2019, having made 28 appearances and scored seven goals for Scotland.

Early life
Born in Glasgow, Snodgrass grew up in the city's Gallowgate area; he played boys' club football for a team affiliated with Rangers alongside future international teammate James McArthur who is a month younger and lived a few blocks away. Celtic offered him an apprenticeship, along with Clyde and Livingston. He felt that he had little chance of breaking through at Parkhead, so chose Livingston, joining their setup at the same time as another East End boy who would go on to play for Scotland, Graham Dorrans.

Livingston
Snodgrass started his career at Livingston, where he scored 15 goals in 79 league games. He caught attention by turning down a trial with Spanish giants Barcelona. Before he turned professional, he was offered a move to Blackburn Rovers, though he chose to stay with Livingston. After recovering from a broken metatarsal, he moved to Stirling Albion on loan for the remainder of the 2006–07 season on 30 January 2007 to step up his recovery from injury.

Snodgrass established himself as a regular first-team member during the 2005–06 season. This was a campaign of mixed fortunes, as he gained regular first-team football, yet his side were relegated to Division 1. During Livingston's first season in the second tier, he scored ten goals for Livingston in the Scottish First Division during the 2007–08 season; he was offered a new contract at Livingston, but turned it down. After failing to impress during a trial spell with Barnsley, he joined League One team Leeds United in July 2008. He left the Lions scoring 15 goals in 79 games.

2008–09 season
After joining Leeds, Snodgrass came into the side for the first game of the season to make his debut against Scunthorpe United, gaining an assist after setting up Enoch Showunmi's headed goal. He scored his first goal for Leeds in the 5–2 League Cup victory over Chester City. After initially struggling to hold a regular place in the starting line-up, Snodgrass established himself after a string of impressive performances throughout November and December, which saw the young winger score four goals in seven games during a poor run of form for the Yorkshire club, culminating in the sacking of manager Gary McAllister.

Leeds reached the playoffs but ultimately were knocked out of the competition after losing 2–1 on aggregate to Millwall. In his first season at Leeds, he scored 11 goals and got 19 assists.

2009–10 season
On the eve of the season, Snodgrass signed a new four-year contract with the club. He scored his first goals of the season with two against Watford in the League Cup second round, sending Leeds through to the third round.

Snodgrass scored a late winner against Milton Keynes Dons in a 1–0 win for Leeds for his first league goal of the season.

In May 2010, he was selected in the League One PFA Team of the Year for the 2009–10 season. Snodgrass played an instrumental part as Leeds were promoted to The Championship after finishing in second place in League One and thus earning automatic promotion. In his second season Snodgrass scored 10 goals in total and gained 14 assists.

2010–11 season

On 27 July 2010, Snodgrass was believed to have suffered a serious knee injury during the pre-season game away to Norwegian team Brann after falling victim to a horrendous challenge by David Nielsen. The knee injury ruled him out of the rest of the pre-season campaign, but after two scans on the injured knee, the injury was not as serious as first feared, but kept Snodgrass out for several weeks. Manager Simon Grayson claimed that no exact timescale had been put on Snodgrass' recovery from injury. Snodgrass returned to training at the start of September 2010. To help gain match fitness after his injury, Snodgrass played 90 minutes in a closed-doors friendly against Middlesbrough. Snodgrass returned to Leeds' squad after injury when he was named on the bench the game against Doncaster Rovers, he came on as a second-half substitute replacing Ross McCormack.

Snodgrass came on as a second-half substitute against Sheffield United and managed to assist Leeds' late winner for Bradley Johnson, however his game ended on a sour note when he was sent off for two yellow cards. Snodgrass returned from suspension for Leeds against Ipswich Town, replacing Luciano Becchio in the starting lineup and scored his first goal of the season. He scored his second goal of the season with a curled effort against Coventry City. His performance against Coventry was welcomed as a return to form by Snodgrass. His third goal of the season came against Leicester City with a long-range effort.

On 1 January 2011, Snodgrass was injured in the 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough, where he was kicked once in the back as well as being stamped on the calf muscle. He scored against Cardiff City with another long range goal. On 8 January 2011, Snodgrass scored with a second half penalty in a 1–1 FA Cup draw with Arsenal. He scored his sixth goal of the season on 1 February, against Hull City. Snodgrass scored against Bristol City on 12 February. Snodgrass missed Leeds' last few games of the season after suffering a back injury.

2011–12 season
In June 2011, it was reported that Leeds had put an £8 million valuation on Snodgrass and that they were looking into offering him a new contract. Snodgrass missed the League Cup match in August 2011 against Bradford City as he had been called up to the Scotland squad. He started for Leeds on the opening day of the season as they lost 3–1 against Southampton. He scored his first goal of the season on 16 August, when he scored a freekick against Hull City. Snodgrass was ruled out of action when he had an emergency operation to have his appendix removed on 31 December 2011. He returned to action for Leeds just two weeks later, scoring in a 1–1 draw against Crystal Palace on 14 January 2012. On 21 January, he scored a goal in a 3–1 win over Ipswich.

Snodgrass was appointed club captain by new Leeds manager Neil Warnock, ahead of his first game in charge against Portsmouth on 25 February. Warnock confirmed he had offered Snodgrass a new contract which would make him Leeds' highest-paid player. Snodgrass finished the season with 13 goals and the second highest amount of assists in The Championship, with 14. Snodgrass won both Leeds' Fans Player of the Year and Players' Player of the Year awards during the club's end of season awards ceremony on 28 April.

Norwich City
Snodgrass signed for Norwich City on a three-year contract in July 2012 for an undisclosed fee. He made his debut in the opening game of the season on 18 August 2012, a 5–0 defeat away to Fulham. Two matches later, on 1 September 2012, Snodgrass scored his first goal for the club when he scored the equaliser which saw Norwich draw 1–1 with Tottenham Hotspur. He scored his second goal on 28 November, scoring a free-kick in a 1–1 draw against Southampton.

Snodgrass would go on to establish himself as a regular in the first team squad. After a successful campaign in which the club finished 11th in the table, he would be voted by Norwich fans as second place in the Player of the Season that season. He narrowly missed out on the trophy, which was won by Sébastien Bassong instead.

Snodgrass scored his first goal of the 2013–14 season with a "free-kick from around 20 yards that looped over the wall and into the bottom-left corner of the net" in a 3–1 win over West Ham United on 9 November. He scored again on 23 February 2014 against Tottenham after a cutting through ball from Bradley Johnson, holding off the defender and placing it past goalkeeper Hugo Lloris from just inside the box. That goal turned out to be the only goal, as Norwich won 1–0.

Hull City
On 30 June 2014, Hull City signed Snodgrass for an undisclosed fee, believed to exceed £6 million, on a three-year contract. Snodgrass dislocated a kneecap during a 1–0 win at Queens Park Rangers in August 2014. The injury, which required surgery to heal, was initially expected to keep Snodgrass out of action for several months. A month later, it was reported that he would be out of action for the entirety of the 2014–15 season. Snodgrass made his first appearance in a game since the injury in November 2015, playing in an under-21 Premier League Cup match. His first return to first-team action was in the League Cup away to Manchester City on 1 December 2015 when he came on as a replacement for Sone Aluko in the 73rd-minute. On 9 January 2016, in the third-round of the FA Cup match against Brighton & Hove Albion, he scored a penalty to take the team through the next round. On 10 December 2016 Snodgrass won a penalty in a crucial home tie against Crystal Palace. Replays showed that he dived and he later apologised.

In January 2017, Hull accepted offers of about £10 million for Snodgrass from West Ham and Burnley.

West Ham United

On 27 January 2017, Snodgrass joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year deal for a fee of £10.2 million. He made his West Ham debut on 1 February 2017, coming on as a 64th-minute substitute for Pedro Obiang, in West Ham's 0–4 home defeat by Manchester City. His first start for the club came away at Saint Mary's Stadium against Southampton, which West Ham won 1–3. In August 2017, having played 15 games for West Ham without scoring, Snodgrass was told that he was free to leave the club either permanently or on loan.

Snodgrass spent most of the 2017–18 season on loan at Aston Villa, after which he returned to West Ham. He scored his first two goals for West Ham in their 8–0 win against Macclesfield Town in the EFL Cup on 26 September 2018. In March 2019, Snodgrass was charged by the Football Association with allegedly abusing anti-doping officials who were visiting West Ham's training ground on 6 February 2019 to conduct out-of-competition testing. The following month, Snodgrass was fined £30,000 and given a one-match ban for the offence. In July 2019, Snodgrass signed a one-year extension to his contract which would keep him at the club until the summer of 2021, with a further 12-month option. However, Snodgrass left the club to join West Bromwich Albion on 8 January 2021.

Aston Villa loan
On 25 August 2017, Snodgrass joined Aston Villa for the remainder of the 2017–18 season. Snodgrass impressed with his early performances for Aston Villa winning praise from manager, Steve Bruce. He scored his first goal for the club in a 4–0 win over Burton Albion on 26 September.

During his loan spell he scored seven goals and got 14 assists, to help Aston Villa secure a play-off place and defeat Middlesbrough in the two semi finals to reach the final, playing in the final, as Villa lost 1–0 to Fulham in the final missing out on promotion to the Premier League. His 14 assists also saw him finish joint top (with Barry Douglas) of the assists charts in the EFL Championship.

West Bromwich Albion
On 8 January 2021, Snodgrass joined West Bromwich Albion on an 18-month contract for an undisclosed fee. He made his West Brom debut on 16 January in a 3–2 win in a Black Country derby at Molineux. He was omitted from the squad for their next game, a 2–1 defeat at West Ham on 19 January. West Brom manager Sam Allardyce said that he had not played due to "an agreement between the clubs". The Premier League stated their intention to investigate the terms of the transfer with regard to a possible violation of their rules regarding one club's influence over the policies or the performance of another club. Snodgrass had been transferred permanently by West Ham, and it is only loan deals that allow for that kind of restriction. On 31 January 2022 it was announced Snodgrass had left the club by mutual consent, having last started a game in a 3–0 home victory against Bristol City in October.

Luton Town
In February 2022, Snodgrass signed for Luton Town until the end of the 2021–22 season.

Snodgrass left Luton at the end of the 2021–22 season. In August 2022 he was offered a contract by Motherwell.

Heart of Midlothian
Snodgrass signed a one-year contract with Scottish Premiership club Heart of Midlothian on 6 September 2022. He was released by Hearts in April 2023, soon after Steven Naismith replaced Robbie Neilson as manager.

On 16 January 2024, Snodgrass confirmed that he had retired from professional football.

International career

Snodgrass played for the Scotland under-19, under-20 and under-21 teams. He was part of the squad that reached the final of the 2006 European Under-19 Championships in Poland, although Snodgrass was suspended for the final itself. Snodgrass also played for Scotland under-20 in the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Canada It was his form in this tournament that led to Barcelona showing interest in Snodgrass.

Leeds' involvement in the play-offs against Millwall in 2009 meant that Snodgrass was unavailable to play in a Scotland B international.

Snodgrass was called up to the senior Scotland squad by George Burley for the first time for their friendly against Japan in October 2009. He was forced to withdraw from the squad due to a knee injury. Snodgrass made his full international debut on 9 February 2011, coming on as a substitute against Northern Ireland in a 2011 Nations Cup match. Snodgrass was called up to the Scotland squad to face Brazil on 21 March 2011, coming on as a second-half substitute. Scotland lost the game 2–0. Snodgrass was ruled out of Scotland's Nations Cup matches against Wales and the Republic of Ireland with a back injury.

On 2 August 2011, Snodgrass was called up to the squad for a friendly against Denmark. He made his first start for Scotland against Denmark and also scored his first international goal in this game. On 7 June 2013, during 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifying, he scored the only goal in a 1–0 win against Croatia, inflicting their first competitive defeat at home since they lost 4–1 to England in 2008.

The kneecap injury that Snodgrass suffered in August 2014 caused him to miss the whole of the UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying campaign. He was recalled to the national squad for a friendly match against the Czech Republic in March 2016. In the first match of 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification, Snodgrass scored a hat-trick in a 5–1 win against Malta.

On 16 October 2019, Snodgrass retired from international football with 28 caps and 7 goals.

Personal life
Snodgrass has a daughter, Sienna, with his girlfriend Denise.

On 24 January 2011, an arrest warrant was issued for Snodgrass after he failed to turn up to court regarding an alleged driving offence. A spokesman for Leeds United said that the non-appearance was due to a misunderstanding and that Snodgrass was working with the judicial authorities to resolve the matter.

On 3 March 2017, another arrest warrant was issued for him after he failed to attend his trial for allegedly driving in Glasgow with a baby being held in the arms of a passenger. His defence lawyer said that Snodgrass' absence was due to a misunderstanding.

International
Scotland score listed first, score column indicates score after each Snodgrass goal.''

Honours
Stirling Albion
 * Scottish Football League First Division play-offs: 2007

Leeds United
 * Football League One runner-up: 2009–10

Hull City
 * Football League Championship play-offs: 2016

Individual
 * PFA Player of the Month (League One): August/September 2009
 * PFA Team of the Year (League One): 2009–10
 * LUFC Regional Members Clubs' Player of the Year: 2008–09
 * Leeds United Supporters' Player of the Year: 2011–12
 * Leeds United Players' Player of the Year: 2011–12
 * Norwich City Supporters' Player of the Year: 2013–14
 * SFWA International Player of the Year: 2013–14, 2016–17

title: Robert Snodgrass


text:
2020 F4 British Championship

The 2020 F4 British Championship certified by FIA – powered by Ford EcoBoost was a multi-event, Formula 4 open-wheel single seater motor racing championship held across United Kingdom. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Formula 4 cars that conformed to the technical regulations for the championship. This, the sixth season, following on from the British Formula Ford Championship, was also the sixth year that the cars conformed to the FIA's Formula 4 regulations. Part of the TOCA tour, it formed part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece.

The season commenced on 1 August at Donington Park and concluded on 15 November at the Brands Hatch Indy Circuit, after twenty-six races held at nine meetings, all in support of the 2020 British Touring Car Championship.

Luke Browning was crowned champion at Brands Hatch, finishing four points ahead of his championship rival Zak O'Sullivan.

Teams and drivers
All teams were British-registered.

Race calendar
The original calendar was announced on 16 June 2019. A revised provisional calendar was announced on 27 April 2020 with a delayed start to the season due to the COVID-19 pandemic. All races were held in the United Kingdom, supporting the 2020 British Touring Car Championship. Due to limited daylight hours, the Croft event in October has been reduced to 2 races.

Championship standings
Points were awarded as follows:

Rookie Cup
Notes: ‡ – Half points were awarded for Race 3, as less than 75% of the scheduled distance was completed.

Teams Cup
Each team nominated two drivers to score points before every round. All non-nominated drivers were ignored.

title: 2020 F4 British Championship


text:
you people

Noun

 * 1)  Any outsiders of a clique.
 * 2) Members of a particular group, collectively.
 * That is the type of thing you people would say.

Usage notes

 * In North America, the term can be understood as ascribing a particular statement to an entire ethnic, racial, or religious group of the group addressed rather than only those addressed.

title: you people


text:
Perl Programming/Scalar variables

Introduction to Scalar Variables
Now that you understand how to use strings and numbers in Perl, you need to start learning how to use variables. The best way to learn about scalar variables - Perl talk for a single variable, as against a group or list of values - is to look at an example.

Now let's break this program down:

 * The first two lines you already know, #!/usr/bin/perl and use warnings;
 * The third line is more interesting, it contains a scalar variable. There are a few important things to point out:
 * In case you haven't figured this out, the scalar variable in this line is $my_scalar_variable
 * Notice the $ before the name my_scalar_variable, in order to define a scalar variable, this sign must appear before the name.
 * Now let's look at the last line. This is just the familiar print function being told to print the value of $my_scalar_variable.

Assigning and Using Scalar Variables
In the course of writing a program, you will most likely use a variable. What is a variable? A variable is something that stores data. A scalar variable holds a single value.

Naming Conventions

 * All scalar variables names must start with a $ symbol. You can remember this by thinking $scalar.
 * Variable names can be comprised of alphanumeric characters and underscores.
 * Numeric characters are allowed in names of variables, but not as the first character after the $.

Scalar Variables and Strings
You may recall that earlier in the book, I said that whether you use <tt>"</tt> or <tt>'</tt> in strings makes a big difference in the interaction of strings and variables. Well now I am going to explain what I meant.

Now that you know what a variable is, what if you wanted to put a variable in a string? Here's the difference:

Would return "I saw 4 lions!"
 * With a double quoted string, this program:

Would return "I saw $variable lions!"
 * With a single quoted string, this program:

This effect is because of what I said before, single quoted strings are interpreted literally.

Comparison Operators

 * Main article: Perl Programming/Operators

There are operators that are used for comparing numbers and strings. This can be very useful when you get to more advanced programming. Both numbers and strings have their own set of operators which test for a condition such as equal or not equal and return either true or false.

Numeric Comparison Operators
Here is the list of numeric comparison operators:

 * <tt>==</tt> - Equal to
 * <tt>!=</tt> - Not equal to
 * <tt><</tt> - Less than
 * <tt>></tt> - Greater than
 * <tt><=</tt> - Less than or equal to
 * <tt>>=</tt> - Greater than or equal to
 * <tt><=></tt> - Numeric Comparison

String Comparison Operators
Here is the list of string comparison operators:

 * <tt>eq</tt> - Equal to
 * <tt>ne</tt> - Not equal to
 * <tt>lt</tt> - Less than
 * <tt>gt</tt> - Greater than
 * <tt>le</tt> - Less than or equal to
 * <tt>ge</tt> - Greater than or equal to
 * <tt>cmp</tt> - String Comparison

Exercises

 * Try writing a program like the Hello World program except elaborate it by storing <tt>"Hello, world!\n"</tt> in a variable and then printing the variable.

 * Play around with all the things we have learned so far. Try to create a program that has an example of everything we have learned so far.

title: Perl Programming/Scalar variables