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B. S. Cunningham Company

The B. S. Cunningham Company was an American automobile company established by Briggs Cunningham. It produced six different models in very small numbers, primarily to be raced at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

History
In 1949 Briggs Cunningham met Phil Walters, who raced Midgets and Stock cars under the nom de course "Ted Tappet". Walters began driving for Cunningham, taking the wheel of the latter's Cadillac-powered Healey Silverstone the following year. Walters was also a partner with Bill Frick in Frick-Tappet Motors, which had started out as a Volkswagen and Porsche dealership but had begun building auto conversions called "Fordillacs" by installing new Cadillac V8 engines into 1949 Ford chassis.

Cunningham bought a Fordillac after seeing one at a hill-climb, planning to enter it in the 1950 24 Hours of Le Mans. The Fordillac was rejected by the Le Mans organizers due to its engine swap, so instead Cunningham entered two cars based on the Cadillac Series 61.

The first was dubbed "Petit Pataud" by the French in a possible reference to a puppy in a French children's book from the 1930s. This car's appearance was essentially stock, with changes that included a dual-carburetor intake manifold, brake cooling ducts, a second fuel tank, and extra lights.

While engine swaps were illegal, body modifications were permitted, so the second car had its stock body removed and a new aluminum body fabricated over a metal tube framework. The custom body, lower and narrower than stock, was designed and built with the help of engineer Howard Weinmann from Grumman. Another feature was the use of five carburetors. This car was named "Le Monstre".

Designer and bodywork specialist Bob Blake was hurriedly brought in to repair "Petit Pataud" when it was damaged in a pre-race shunt with "Le Monstre". Blake later joined B. S. Cunningham and remained responsible for building the cars until 1955.

Brothers Cowles "Miles" Collier and Sam Collier partnered to drive "Petit Pataud", and finished in tenth place. Cunningham and co-driver Walters were in "Le Monstre", and finished one place behind the other Cadillac in eleventh place.

In preparation for his next attempt at Le Mans, Cunningham bought the Frick-Tappett Motors company. The operation was moved from Long Island, New York to West Palm Beach, Florida, and renamed the "B. S. Cunningham Company".

After fielding cars at Circuit de la Sarthe from 1951 to 1955, several of the Cunningham racing team retired following the 1955 Le Mans disaster. 1955 also marked the end of the grace period the American Internal Revenue Service allowed for a company to become profitable. With few cars having been built and no profits to show, the IRS reclassified the B. S. Cunningham Company as a hobby, meaning that the racing and production expenses were no longer tax deductible. Briggs Cunningham wound up the operation and sold the West Palm Beach factory.

C-1

The first product of the new company was the Cunningham C-1 roadster. On the design team were Cunningham, Walters, G. Briggs Weaver and Blake. Only one C-1 was built, with serial number 5101. The car was completed in late 1950, and is generally listed as from the 1951 model year.

The chassis was made of 3 in steel tubing with a central X-brace. The rear suspension was a custom-made De Dion tube. The tires were mounted on knock-off wire wheels. Wheelbase was 105 in, and the track front and rear was 58 in. The engine was a 331 cuin Cadillac V8.

The C-1 was used in practice at Le Mans, but did not race. In 1951 it appeared at the Mount Equinox hillclimb, where it finished fourth driven by John Fitch.

C-2R

The C-1 was followed by the C-2, of which three were built, all to racing specifications and so called C-2R. The C-2R's front suspension used Ford parts, while the rear suspension had Oldsmobile springs and the brake system used Cadillac components. Unable to secure a supply of the Cadillac engine, Cunningham substituted a version of the Chrysler FirePower V8 in the C-2R.

The C-2R debuted at Le Mans in 1951. All three cars were entered, driven by teams John Fitch and Phil Walters, George Rand and Fred Wacker Jr., and Briggs Cunningham and George Huntoon. The best finish was eighteenth, for the Fitch/Walters car.

C-3
To have his namesake cars homologated as a manufacturer for Le Mans, Cunningham undertook to build 25 examples of the C-3 road car.

The C-3 also used the 331 cuin Chrysler FirePower V8, but with a new intake manifold with four Zenith 1-bbl carburetors, and a dual exhaust system. Power was raised to 220 hp from the factory version's 180 hp.

Two different transmissions were offered; a three-speed manual from Cadillac, or Chrysler's Presto-Matic semi-automatic fluid-coupled two-speed with electric overdrive, for an effective selection of four forward ratios.

The C-3's large-diameter tube chassis was similar to that of the earlier C-2, but the C-2's De Dion tube gave way to a coil-spring live axle located by upper and lower trailing arms on each side.

Two pre-production cars similar in appearance to the C-2Rs were completed in West Palm Beach; a roadster with chassis number 5205, and a coupe with chassis number 5206X. A third chassis, number 5206, was sent to the workshops of carrozzeria Vignale in Turin, Italy, where it received a new coupe body styled by designer Giovanni Michelotti, then working at Vignale. The factory considered chassis 5206 the official prototype, and subsequent cars received the Michelotti body style.

Twenty-seven C3s were built. One reference reports eighteen coupes and nine convertibles. Others report twenty coupes and five convertibles with bodies by Vignale, plus the two cars bodied at the West Palm Beach factory. Initially priced at US$9,000 ($0 in dollars ), the cost of a C-3 rose to US$15,000 ($0 in  dollars ) by 1951.

The New York Museum of Modern Art named the C-3 Continental Coupé one of the "10 Best Contemporary Automobiles".

C-4R and C-4RK
By the time development of the C-4R started, Bill Frick had left the company. The new car was designed by Weaver. During the car's development the team was also joined by mechanic and bodyman Herbert "Bud" Unger, who did the bodywork for the C-4R and C-5R. The C-4R was 16 in shorter, 4 in narrower, and 900 lb lighter than the C-2R. The De Dion tube rear suspension was also gone. Although a new independent rear suspension of Cunningham's own design was touted early in the car's development, it seems that later a live axle on coil springs was substituted. Also new was a Cunningham-designed 5-speed manual transmission. Brakes were Chrysler Al-Fin units twenty percent larger than those on the C-2Rs, and the earlier car's wire wheels had been replaced with knock-off Halibrand magnesium wheels.

To provide Cunningham's cars with more power from their FirePower engine, Chrysler engineers John Platner and Don Moore began an engine development project called A311. In its ultimate form the A311 engine used a gear-driven, high-lift long-duration camshaft, special pistons, roller tappets, dual valve springs, special pushrods, Hilborn fuel injection with tuned intake stacks, and a compression ratio of 12:1. Output was estimated to have been 300 hp, high enough to flex the block and require a stiffening plate between the bottom of the block and the sump. Cunningham used a carbureted version of the engine, and had to reduce the compression ratio to 7.5:1 to accommodate the fuel available to the teams at Le Mans.

Two C-4R roadsters were built, as well as a single coupe with truncated bodywork designed in collaboration with German aerodynamicist Wunibald Kamm that was designated the C-4RK.

During practice at the 1952 24 Hours of Le Mans the new transmissions caused problems, and were replaced with 3-speeds. In the end the C-4R of Briggs Cunningham and Bill Spear finished fourth overall. At the 1953 24 Hours of Le Mans a C-4R roadster finished seventh, and the C-4RK coupe tenth. The C-4Rs returned to La Sarthe in 1954 to take third and fifth.

A C-4R won the 1953 12 Hours of Sebring.

In 1954, a C-4R driven by Briggs Cunningham and Sherwood Johnston finished sixth in the 12 Hours of Reims.

C-5R
A single all-new C-5R was prepared for the 1953 24 Hours of Le Mans. The front suspension comprised a solid beam axle sprung by torsion bars. This reduced weight by 30 lb and allowed the use of 17 in diameter Al-Fin drum brakes mounted inboard of the 16 in wheels. At the rear was a live axle on coil springs as on the later C-4Rs.

The engine remained the Chrysler V8, but power had been increased by 10 hp. A 4-speed transmission from a Fiat truck replaced the earlier 3-speed units.

When the car arrived at Le Mans for the race the French observers named it "Le Requin Souriant" — the smiling shark.

At the end of the 24 Hours Walters and Fitch finished first in class and third overall.

C-6R
Primary responsibility for the chassis and body design of the C-6R fell to Unger. Engines considered for the car included a two-stroke inverted V-12 designed by Mercury Marine's Carl Kiekhaefer, and the Ferrari V-12 from the Italian marque's 375 MM.

The engine finally chosen was the 2942 cc four-cylinder Offenhauser from Meyer & Drake. After consulting with Leo Goossen, the engine's designer, Cunningham's team managed to get power output up to 270 hp.

The transmission in the C-6R was a four-speed manual by ZF.

At the 1955 Le Mans the C-6R retired on lap 202. Second and third gears had failed, and the engine burned a piston, ending the car's run.

The car raced at Elkhart Lake a few months later, where the engine failed again. The Offy was then replaced by a Jaguar inline-six engine.

Racing stripes
It is claimed that the Cunningham cars were the first to be painted with what are now called racing stripes.

The International colors for American entries of the time were white bodies with blue frame rails. With their enveloping bodywork the Cunningham racers' frame rails were covered, so the obscured blue frame rails were represented by two blue stripes running the length of the cars' bodies. These were originally called Cunningham stripes.

Some point to a 1930s Delahaye 145 as an example of prior art. After winning the Grand Prix du Million prize in 1939, this car had a red and white stripe painted diagonally across the forward part of the blue colored body, completing the French Tricoleur.

title: B. S. Cunningham Company


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Talk:Belgian Resistance

Misc
Why am I having such a hard time finding anything on this site about Belgium during World War II? Captain Jackson 21:28, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

There are several sites dedicated to the Belgian Resistance. Reenactors: http://groupeg.webs.com/weaponsequipment.htm Overview: http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/belgium_resistance.htm From the Belgian POV: http://users.telenet.be/mverburg/EN/  (mind the pop-ups!) Laburke (talk) 15:27, 18 August 2010 (UTC)

Facts needed
Hello, I've been doing some work on this article and it occurs to me that it is seriously short of verifiable facts, except for the couple I've been able to add. The terms "Many" and "would often" do not really help build up a concrete picture of Resistance in Belgium. If anyone could add some, that'd be great!Brigade Piron (talk) 13:33, 28 December 2012 (UTC)

Herman Bodson
If no-one objects, I'm proposing that the content on Herman Bodson (a writer and resistance fighter whose article currently redirects straight to this article) be removed to a separate page, as per Vejvančický's suggestion. Does anyone object? --Brigade Piron (talk) 14:15, 29 December 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Belgian Resistance


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Talk:Dave Wilcox

All-NFL
You are invited to join the discussion at related to Wilcox's All-NFL selections. —Bagumba (talk) 06:56, 24 April 2023 (UTC)

Dubious
Claim: "241-pound (109 kg)" this lists him as 239 lbs

Claim: "During the 1964–1974 span, the 49ers had a winning record in four seasons" according to the source here they had a winning season five times. Therapyisgood (talk) 16:32, 25 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dave Wilcox


text:
Talk:David Akers-Jones

Untitled
Pursuant to the wikipedia's BLP policies I have removed all recently added ad hominem attacks and unsubstantiated and potentially libelous statements about David Akers-Jones. I have posted the following notice on the talk page of the offender.

"I have removed your unsourced and/or ad hominem attack against David Akers-Jones, former Chief Secretary for Hong Kong. According to wikipedia, there is a standing policy against the publication of any potentially libelous and unsubstantiated statement on wikipedia and all users are authorized to remove it immediately. (Please check the instructions on the discussion page of the main article "David Akers-Jones"). If you do not abide by it and undo my edits I will report you to the BLP noticeboard, an administrator, or the designated agent of wikipedia and have you banned for perpetuity from the wikipedia. Thanks for your attention. For your reference, here is wikipedia's policy on living person biographies: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons

Thanks in advance for your cooperation."

Unsubstantiated accusations and ad hominem attacks on a living person's character or personality should not be tolated in wikipedia, and it will not. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hker1997 (talk • contribs) 19:27, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
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title: Talk:David Akers-Jones


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Talk:Wormington

Mayor of Wormington is Kirby Johnson. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:20, 8 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wormington


text:
Template:R:IMDdG

IMDb Film Glossary, on the Internet Movie Database, covering terminology concerning motion pictures and TV, acting and cinema-attendance.

title: Template:R:IMDdG


text:
Talk:Language Science Press

Add series list
A list of the series published by Language Science Press would shed light on the profile Jasy jatere (talk) 08:15, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

Add logo
Add the logo to the page for illustration Jasy jatere (talk) 08:15, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

The logo has been added. Esfijel (talk) 17:00, 25 January 2021 (UTC)

Notable supporters?
Maybe provide a list of notable supporters, e.g. Steven Pinker or Noam Chomsky http://langsci-press.org/supporters (I would define notability as "has a Wikipedia page") Jasy jatere (talk) 08:15, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Language Science Press


text:
Talk:Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation

Name and styling
Based on the IETF document, it looks like the actual name of this protocol is "Geneve" (as opposed to "GENEVE"). I also took a look at usage by the document's authors in other works, and they consistently refer to it a "Geneve"

It also looks like "Generic Networking Virtualization Encapsulation", although obviously the source of the name, is only referenced as a description of the protocol rather than its name. (As a comparison, note that there is no article called "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus diving".)

Because of these points, I'm proposing that the article be moved to "Geneve". I thought I'd circulate the idea here on the talk page first, before creating an actual move request.--NapoliRoma (talk) 02:02, 9 September 2020 (UTC)


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Mergers and Acquisitions/Business Plan

Welcome to The Business Plan, M&A 5300. This course is designed to introduce the student to essential constructs and uses of the Business Plan.

Course Outline

 * Course Outline Course Outline & Syllabus

Sessions

 * Session 1: The Purpose of a Business Plan
 * Session 1: Suggested Structure

1.	Introduction
1.1 – Introduction 1.2 – Criteria for Feasibility

A successful business or entrepreneur must take in more money than they pay out. A cash flow analysis is a critical piece of preliminary planning. Create a spreadsheet with all anticipated expenses, all sources of capital, and estimated sales curves for the first three years of the proposed business. Analyze the cash balances and cash flow and vary some assumptions such as sales figures and available capital to determine breakeven points and net profits or losses. If you start out day one profitable congratulations, but keep planning. Business conditions and outlooks can change swiftly and an orderly shutdown can be critical to sustaining an overall profit for the venture. Typically successful businesses will take between six months to three years to show their full profit potential. Once you begin operating you can plug real data into your cash flow analysis and begin refining it to demonstrate where errors and inaccuracies exist in your planning assumptions and process.

2.	Background

 * 2.1 – Business Type/Set-up
 * 2.2 – Loans and Overdrafts
 * 2.3 – Sources of Finance
 * 2.4 – Law & Legal
 * 2.5 – The Economy

3.	Market Research
The purpose of market research is to analyze customers, volumes, and competition.

 * 3.1 – Customer Research
 * 3.2 – Competition Research
 * 3.3 – Current Market Situation

4.    Marketing Plan

 * 4.1 - Marketing Mix
 * 4.2 - Advertising Costs
 * 4.3 - Pricing Strategy

5.	Property and Location

 * 5.1 – The Area and Location
 * 5.2 – The Property
 * 5.3 – Layout of the Shop

6.	Costs and Revenues

 * This section may be completely redundant to a good detailed cash flow projection as per 7.1

 * 6.1 – Sales and Revenue Predictions
 * 6.2 – Running Cost Predictions
 * 6.3 – Start-Up Cost Predictions

7.	Financial Planning

 * 7.1 – Cash Flow Forecasts
 * 7.2 – Balance Sheets -- Sample balance sheet
 * 7.3 – Profit and Loss Accounts
 * 7.4 – Ratio Analysis
 * 7.5 – Investment Appraisal
 * 7.6 – Break Even Analysis

8.	Conclusion

 * 8.1 – SWOT Analysis
 * 8.2 – Conclusion from Criteria

9.	Bibliography
Appendices	A – Economy B – Questionnaires C – Products D – Competitors E – Financial Planning

 * Session 2: Executive Summary
 * Session 3: Company Summary
 * Session 4: Products
 * Session 5: Marketing Analysis Summary
 * Session 6: Strategy Implementation Summary
 * Session 7: Management Summary
 * Session 8: Financial Summary
 * Session 9: Exit Strategy

Suggested Media

 * http://www.sba.gov/smallbusinessplanner/plan/writeabusinessplan/index.html
 * Startup Studio - Interviews with entrepreneurs on how they started their businesses and suggestions for other entrepreneurs

title: Mergers and Acquisitions/Business Plan


text:
User:Kahlores/Sandbox/Croatia (2)

Austrian-Hungarian rule

 * 1868: Croatian–Hungarian Settlement or Nagodba, merging the kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia into one Kingdom recognized by the Habsburg monarchy as a political nation entitled to a joint Parliament
 * 1880s-1910s: rise of Trialism in Austria-Hungary, a proposal that would oppose both Hungarian nationalism and revolutionary Yugoslavism supported by Serbia (and Russia). The most prominent proponent of a trialist reform was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who, as such, was targeted by Serbian nationalists.
 * 1908-10-05: Bosnia-Herzegovina formally annexed by Austria-Hungary (Bosnian Crisis)
 * 1908-10-08: formation of the Narodna Odbrana, a pan-Serb organization operating in Austria-Hugary, is founded by Serbian ministers and generals
 * 1914-06-28: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by one member of a team of assassins from Young Bosnia, a Yugoslavist organization, backed by the Narodna Odbrana and the overlapping Black Hand.

Great War and Interwar Period

 * Creation of Yugoslavia
 * 1914-12-07: Niš Declaration of the Serbian government trying to attract the support of fellow South Slavs who are citizens of enemy Austria-Hungary
 * 1915-04-26: Treaty of London by which the Triple Entente entice Italy into entering the War by promising expansion at the expense, among others, of Austria-Hungary and its South Slav lands; opposed by all Yugoslavists
 * 1915-04-30: Formal creation of the Yugoslav Committee advocating for a Yugoslav state, and headquartering in London.
 * 1917-07-20: Corfu Declaration signed between the Yugoslav Committee and the Kingdom of Serbia, on a future Yugoslav state which would be monarchy. Backing of the United Kingdom and France. Serbia agreed to the talks as it had just lost the support of Russia following the February Revolution. Disagreement between centralist (Serbian PM Pašić) and federalist (Committee's Ante Trumbić) tendencies.
 * 1918-10-29: proclamation of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, as Austria-Hungary is being dissolved
 * 1918-12-01: establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, merging the Independent Kingdom of Serbia with the aformentioned state
 * 1921-06-28: Vidovdan Constitution adopted, not accepted by Radić's Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) until 1925, nor by communists
 * 1923-02-08: Parliamentary election, with a majority of opposing federalist parties
 * 1925-02-08: Parliamentary election, with Radić called into a coalition government
 * 1927-01: Radić's HSS leave the government, pursuing Croatian autonomy
 * 1928-06-20: Croatian nationalist Stjepan Radić shot inside Parliament by Montenegrin Serb leader Puniša Račić, Radić dies weeks later (-08-08)
 * 1929-01-06: 6 January Dictatorship proclaimed by King Alexander I prorogating Parliament, censoring the press
 * 1931-09-03: September Constitution issued by decree. King owns executive power, shares legislative power with the Parliament. Replaces the 33 banats with 9 banovinas named after rivers.
 * 1939-08-26: Cvetković–Maček Agreement or Sporazum, establishing a unified Banovina of Croatia (joining Littoral and Sava) with 20%¨of ethnic Serbs. Uproar in Serbia.
 * 1941-04: Invasion of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers (on -06), followed by surrender (-17) and partition.

Post-Tito era
Privatization in Croatia
 * 1980s: Increasing ethnic tensions following the death of Tito in 1980
 * 1986-05-28: Slobodan Milošević elected leader of the Serbian League of Communists at the 10th Congress, with the influential support of President of Serbia Ivan Stambolić, his mentor and friend
 * 1986-09: SANU Memorandum leaked. 16 Serbian intellectuals, tasked by President Stambolić in 1985, argue for strong reforms of Yugoslavia from a Serbian nationalist perspective
 * 1987-04-24: Milošević adresses a crowd of ethnic Serbs and Montenegrins in Kosovo
 * 1987-09-22: in the live-broadcast of the 8th Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia, Slobodan Milošević ousts its rivals on a nationalist platform
 * 1988–90: Milosevic centralizes federal power during the Anti-bureaucratic revolution
 * 1989-03: Ante Marković becomes Prime Minister of Yugoslavia, and starts a program of market-oriented reforms backed by the US and the IMF
 * 1990-01-20–22: 14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, which decide to put an end to the one-party state and to dissolve the communists' federal party, as Slovenian & Croat delegations refuse to go on with the centralization pushed by the Serbian branch.
 * 1990: hyper-inflation begins, the Economic Reform Program defended by President Marković is resisted by the federated entities

Tuđman era

 * 1990-04-22–05-07: parliamentary elections. (Socialist Republic of Croatia): tricameral parliament, Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) 205 of 356 seats, its leader Franjo Tuđman elected President of Croatia, ousting the Communists from power. The victory of a party explicitly favoring Croatian independence was disrupted in the areas (30%) dominated by ethnic Serbs who largely followed the boycott (12.2% of the population, but only 1.55% of the votes for their minority party). They formed militias resisting the authority of the Zagreb government in what was called the Log Revolution. On the other hand, Tuđman and his government embark on a path towards the War of Independence.
 * Croatian War of Independence (1991–1995)
 * 1990-08-17: ethnic Serbs revolt in Knin, against which a Croatian Special Police (SJP) force is called (the 3 helicopters grounded by JNA)
 * 1990-09: first skirmishes between ethnic Serbs and the expanding SJP
 * 1991-01-10: the JNA is authorized to take weapons from paramilitary forces, and starts confiscating weapons belonging to the Croatian Territorial Defense (TO)
 * 1991-04-11: the Croatian National Guard is set up, as a military substitute
 * 1991-05-19 Independence referendum: overwhelming majority, but boycotted by ethnic Serbs
 * 1991-06-25: declaration of Independence; suspended for talks; the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) is deployed in Slovenia, leading to a Ten-Day War
 * 1991-07-07: Brioni Agreement (sidelining federal President Ante Marković and federal Yugoslavia internationally); JNA to pull out of Slovenia and the two declarations of independence frozen for three months; but deadly clashes continue in Croatia
 * 1991-07-21: Badinter Arbitration Committee set up
 * 1991-08: Republic of Serbian Krajina, under the command of Serbia, takes control of 30% of the territory, leading to the exile of at least 80K Croats and 170K non-Serbs overall (per the ICTY)
 * 1991-10-08: the declarations of independence of Slovenia and Croatia take effect
 * 1991-11-23: Geneva Accord signed by Gen. Kadijević, Milošević and Tuđman
 * 1992-01-02: Vance plan or Implementation Agreement, 10,000-strong multinational ProFor formed and deployed the next month, freezing the frontlines for three years
 * 1992-08-02: Presidential election. President Franjo Tuđman, leader of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), elected (57.83%) in front of Dražen Budiša (Croatian Social Liberal Party, HSLS) (22.29%). Ethnic Serbs essentially excluded.
 * 1995-05-01–03: Operation Flash of the Croatian Army capturing a 558-km² portion of the Republic of Serbian Krajina, displacing 15K ethnic Serbs.
 * 1995-08-04–07: Operation Storm of the Croatian Army destroying the Republic of Serbian Krajina, provoking the exodus of 150K ethnic Serbs.

 * 1995-10-29: parliamentary elections. HDZ absolute majority reconducted (45.23, 75 seats), but Zagreb council election gives a majority to the opposition, which elects a mayor that Tuđman refuses to confirm, leading to the Zagreb crisis and protests. Radio 101 broadcasting license revoked in 1996.
 * 1997-05-15: Presidential election. President Franjo Tuđman reelected (61.41%) but with a much lower turnout (54.62%) in front of SDP's Zdravko Tomac (21.03%) and HSLS' Vlado Gotovac (17.56%). Tuđman centralizes power, but dies from cancer in late 1999.

2000s

 * 2000-01-03: parliamentary elections. HDZ loses power, SDP leader Ivica Račan Prime Minister of a multi-party cabinet that implements large constitutional changes
 * 2000-01-24–02-07: Presidential election. Stjepan Mesić elected (41.31%, 56.01%) in front of HSLS's Dražen Budiša (27.84%, 43.99%) and longstanding Foreign Minister Mate Granić for HDZ (22.58%). The office of President quickly loses most of its actual, then constitutional powers.
 * 2000: HDZ being in opposition, reformist Mate Granić sets up the Democratic Centre (DC)
 * 2000–2002: HDZ internal struggle between tudjmanist faction led by Ivić Pašalić, and reformists led by Ivo Sanader, who eventually takes the helm in 2002
 * 2000–2001: the Constitution is thoroughly amended, through the Parliament supermajority, into a semi-presidential system
 * 2002-07-30: Cabinet of Ivica Račan I is dissolved following the exit of HSLS, Cabinet of Ivica Račan II is formed
 * 2003-11-23: parliamentary elections. HDZ 66 seats, Sanader forms a Cabinet with outside support of liberal and minority parties. Government agenda focuses on meeting the criteria set by Brussels for EU accession.
 * 2007-11-25: parliamentary elections. HDZ 66 seats, SDP 56. The Sanader Cabinet, reliant on minority support, now includes HDZ, HSLS ministers as well as an ethnic Serb.
 * 2009-07-01: Sanader abruptly resigns, designs Jadranka Kosor as his successor. Her Cabinet is voted in the next week.
 * 2011-12-04: parliamentary elections. Zoran Milanović's Kukuriku Coalition led by the SDP receives an absolute majority of 80 seats; the HDZ coalition led by PM Kosor only 47, HSS almost wiped out to just 1 seat (-5, 3.13%)

EU Era

 * 2011-12-09: Treaty of Accession 2011 between the member states of the European Union and Croatia, represented by outgoing PM Jadranka Kosor.
 * 2011-12-23: Cabinet of Zoran Milanović takes office
 * 2012-01-22 Croatian European Union membership referendum: 66.67% in favor, 43.51% turnout
 * 2012-07-08: Boris Vujčić nominated Governor of the Croatian National Bank
 * 2013-04-13 European elections: 20.83% turnout, 12 MEPs: HDZ-led list 6, SDP-led list 5, Labour (GUE) 1
 * 2013-07-01: Croatia becomes the EU's 28th member state
 * 2013-12-01 Croatian constitutional referendum: heterosexual marriage, 66.28% in favor, 37.88% turnout
 * 2014-05-25 European elections: 25.24% turnout, 11 MEPs: HDZ-led list 6, SDP-led list 4, Green 1
 * 2014-12-28–2015-01-11: Presidential election. Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović (HDZ) closely elected (37.82%, 50.74%), over SDP-backed Ivo Josipović (39.09%, 49.26%) with Ivan Sinčić (Živi zid) (16.69%) third.
 * 2015-11-08: parliamentary elections. Tomislav Karamarko's HDZ-led coalition 59, Zoran Milanović's SDP-led coalition 56, Most 19. The cabinet of Tihomir Orešković is formed with an HDZ-Most minority coalition, but fails and quickly calls for a snap election.
 * 2016-09-11: parliamentary elections. Andrej Plenković's HDZ-led coalition 61, Zoran Milanović's SDP-led coalition 54, Most 13. Plenković is voted Prime Minister of a minority cabinet that lasts 4 years. Most withdraws its support in 2017, while HNS–LibDems enter in.
 * 2019-12-22–2020-01-05: Presidential election. Incumbent President Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović loses reelection (26.65%, 47.34%) to former Prime Minister Zoran Milanović (29.55%, 52.66%), with traditionalist Miroslav Škoro in close third (24.45%), who later sets up the Homeland Movement (DPMŠ).
 * 2020-07-05: parliamentary elections. Turnout of just 46.44%. HDZ-led coalition 66 seats, SPD-led coalition 41, DPMŠ-led coalition 16, Most 8
 * 2021-05-16–31: Zagreb local elections. Green-left Tomislav Tomašević beats nationalist Miroslav Škoro 64% to 34%, with 23 Green-left seats out of 47.
 * 2023-01-01: expected entry into the Eurozone

title: User:Kahlores/Sandbox/Croatia (2)


text:
Talk:Red Line (Dallas Area Rapid Transit)

rolling stock
Am I missing something? Shouldn't this article describe the rolling stock? Geo Swan (talk) 02:21, 29 December 2013 (UTC)


text:
Charlotte Kemp (missionary)

Charlotte Kemp ( Butcher, 27 July 1790 – 22 June 1860) was a missionary for the Church of England, co-founding the second Church Mission Station in New Zealand at Kerikeri. Born in England, she came to New Zealand with her husband, James Kemp, in 1819 and settled in Kerikeri where the CMS station was founded. She taught at the station's schools and raised her eight children. One died as an infant and this led to her having a mental breakdown. She recovered and by 1840, she and her husband were the only missionaries in Kerikeri. During the Flagstaff War, they were two of the few Europeans to remain in the area during the conflict. She died in Kerikeri at the age of 70.

Early life
Charlotte Butcher was born on 27 July 1790, in Carleton Forehoe, Norfolk, England. She married James Kemp, a blacksmith, on 16 November 1818 at Wymondham Abbey and then emigrated to New Zealand.

Missionary work
After sailing aboard the Baring to Sydney, in Australia, Kemp and her husband transferred to the General Gates for the trip to the Bay of Islands, their final destination. Arriving on 12 August 1819, they settled in Kerikeri, where she was one of the first European women in the area. Along with Thomas Kendall and John Gare Butler, the Kemps established a Church Missionary Society (CMS) station at Kerikeri. However, Kendall and Butler were soon in argument, making it difficult for the Kemps. At the time of their arrival, the Musket Wars was a constant presence. Nearby was the main pā (fort) of Hongi Hika, a Māori rangatira (chief) of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe). Hika often raided neighbouring tribes and brought back slaves, to the dismay of the missionaries. They also had to deal with the threats to their wellbeing and property.

Despite this strain on the missionary community the following years saw the establishment of the first schools. Kemp taught in the girls and infants school, also teaching girls in domestic skills at her own home, while her husband taught at the boys' school, conducted services and ran the CMS store. While at the station she had eight children. In 1835 the death of one of her children at seven months old coincided with a proposed move for the family to establish a new mission station in Tauranga. The stress led to her having a mental breakdown. As a result the family remained in Kerikeri, living at Mission House. She recovered and had another child a few years later but was prone to relapses.

The only missionaries to remain in the area after 1840 and this meant the Kemp family was uniquely situated during the Flagstaff War of 1845–46, being among the few Europeans who stayed in the Bay of Islands during this time. In 1845 they assisted in tending the British wounded from engagements with Ngāpuhi war parties at Ōkaihau and Ōhaeawai. In 1848, the CMS station at Kerikeri was closed. A factor in this was Kemp's health which meant that her husband refused to move to Tūranga, on the East Cape.

Kemp remained at Kerikeri while James Kemp ran the Stone Store. On 22 June 1860, she died following a short illness. Her husband died twelve years later at the age of 75.

Legacy
The Kemp residence, Mission House, remained in the family's hands until 1974, when it was donated to the New Zealand Historic Places Trust by her great-grandson. The oldest European building in New Zealand, it was added to the New Zealand Historic Places Category 1 list on 23 June 1983.

title: Charlotte Kemp (missionary)


text:
Beech Hill, Tennessee

Beech Hill, Tennessee may refer to:

 * Beech Hill, Franklin County, Tennessee
 * Beech Hill, Giles County, Tennessee
 * Beech Hill, Macon County, Tennessee

title: Beech Hill, Tennessee


text:
Paavali

Etymology
Ultimately from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Paul.
 * , rather rare in this biblical spelling
 * , rather rare in this biblical spelling

title: Paavali


text:
User:Brooke Vibber

I'm one of the Wikimedia coding slaves. I don't hang out on Wikibooks much, so if you need to get ahold of me to fix something, please drop a note on my todo list on Meta-Wikipedia. --Brion VIBBER 07:31, 11 Aug 2003 (UTC)

testing:

"I would like to request that the character t and s with a dot underneath are made available in wikiformating as well as the characters a, e, i and u with a line above: ş, ţ and ā, ē, ī and ū They do not show in Wikibooks!"

ṢṣṭṬ

Hello Brion VIBBER,

The characters ş, ţ, ā, ē, ī and ū are not fine as they do only appear as squares in eg. my little oldbabylonian grammar Jakob Flygare 11:50, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Brooke Vibber


text:
Jack McKay (footballer, born 1996)

Jack McKay (born 19 November 1996) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a winger for Doncaster City.

Doncaster Rovers
Glasgow-born McKay began his career at Doncaster Rovers with twin brother Paul when he was nine-years-old. In 2014, he played in the Gothia Cup with under-18s side; scoring in wins over Malmö FF's academy and Beşiktaş Academy as Rovers progressed through to the knock-out round. The Scot scored the equalizer in the next game versus IF Elfsborg Academy before being eliminated on penalties. He caught the attention of First-Team Coach Paul Dickov with an impressive goal-scoring record in the youth team, including scoring a hat-trick against recent champions Norwich City in the FA Youth Cup.

McKay made his professional debut in a 1–0 league defeat to South Yorkshire rivals Sheffield United in November 2014, coming on as a substitute in the 87th minute. He made a further three appearances in the same season before joining Ilkeston on loan in October 2015 to gain first team experience. McKay made his debut for the Robins in a league game versus Nantwich Town and started in a further three games against Barwell, Colwyn Bay and Stamford but failed to find the net in any before returning to his parent club.

Leeds United
On 11 January 2016, Jack and his brother Paul both joined Championship side Leeds United for undisclosed fees on two-and-a-half year contracts.

After impressing with the Leeds United Development squad, on 21 April 2016, McKay was named as part of the 'travelling squad' for Leeds first team for their match against Wolverhampton Wanderers however he failed to make a place on the substitutes bench, with Steve Evans saying McKay would have been on the bench had Stuart Dallas failed to recover from injury.

McKay played for Leeds' first team in their 2016–17 pre season friendly against Peterborough United on 23 July 2016.

McKay and his brother Paul ended their contracts by mutual consent on 17 December 2017.

Airdrieonians (loan)
On 1 January 2017, McKay joined Scottish League One side Airdrieonians on loan until the end of the 2016–17 season. On 4 February 2017, McKay scored his first goal for Airdrieonians when he scored against Peterhead.

Cardiff City
On 22 January 2018, McKay joined Cardiff City on a $2 1/2$-year deal after an extended trial with the club.

Non-league

On 26 June 2019, following a loan spell, McKay made his move to Chesterfield permanent, signing a two-year contract. On 2 January 2021, McKay joined National League North side Blyth Spartans on a one-month loan deal. On 9 February 2021, McKay returned to former loan club Airdrieonians on loan having failed to make a single appearance for Blyth due to Covid and subsequently departed Airdrieonians in May 2021.

After winning promotion via the National League North play-offs at the end of the 2021–22 season with York City, McKay returned to the National League North in June 2022 to join newly promoted Buxton. In January 2023, Mckay joined Northern Premier League club Ashton United.

In June 2023 he signed for Doncaster City.

Personal life
McKay's father Willie McKay and his older brother Mark are both football agents. His twin brother, Paul McKay is also a professional footballer. He studied at Hill House School.

Honours
Individual
 * Doncaster Rovers Academy Player of the Year: 2013

title: Jack McKay (footballer, born 1996)


text:
Hillulah

Hillulah may refer to:
 * Yom Hillula (יום הילולא, day of festivity), a Jewish celebration of the life of a great tzaddik on the anniversary of his death.
 * Hillulah, an EP recording released by the band Gang Gang Dance

title: Hillulah


text:
Eunice Rockwood Oberly

Eunice Rockwood Oberly (March 7, 1878 – November 5, ) was a librarian who spent her career with the United States Department of Agriculture. She is best known for her work as the librarian of the Bureau of Plant Industry and for compiling the Check List of Publication of the State Agricultural Experiment Stations on the Subject of Plant Pathology 1876-1920.

Early life
Eunice R. Oberly was born March 7, 1878, in Cairo, Illinois. Her father, John H. Oberly was editor of the "Cairo Bulletin" and she was the youngest of seven daughters. In 1885, he family moved to Washington, D.C. as her father took up the role of Civil Service Commissioner; he would later become Commission of Indian Affairs under President Cleveland. Oberly attended public school in DC and went on to graduate from Vassar College in June, 1900, where she served as class historian.

Career
Oberly began her career with the United States Department of Agriculture doing bibliographical work in the Division of Animal Industry. She was later appointed to librarian of the Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology. In 1908, the library of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology would be consolidated with the Office of Botanical Investigations to form the library of the Bureau of Plant Industry, of which Oberly was appointed librarian. The Bureau of Plant Industry Library's focus was not so much on books themselves, but rather on indexing and cataloging botanical literature and making it readily available to the workers and researchers of the bureau from libraries elsewhere in Washington, specifically the Library of Congress and the United States Department of Agriculture Library. Oberly's ambition was to make the holdings of libraries across the country more readily available to researchers. To this end, she contributed bibliographies on plant diseases for printing in the Phytopathology journal beginning in 1914 and which her staff continued after her death. She later developed a circular from the Bureau of a mimeographed list of botanical literature which contained full citations of all important botanical literature which had been received by the Washington libraries and was issued every two weeks to those who requested it.

Oberly would go on to create two publications called "Bibliographical Contributions" which were put out by the Department of Agriculture Library. The first was published in 1918 and called Bibliographical Contributions Number 1: Check list of Publications of the Department of Agriculture on the Subject of Plant Pathology. She would then lead the development of Biographical Contributions Number 2: Check List of Publications of the State Agricultural Experiment Stations on the Subject of Plant Pathology 1876-1920, which was completed and published in 1922 by her assistant Jessie M. Allen, a year after Oberly's death. Oberly also wrote to improve the standing and reputation of the scientific library and to improve clarity in scientific literature writing. Outside of her librarian work, Oberly was socially and politically active in the Washington, D.C., area. Oberly was president of the Vassar Alumnae association of the D.C. area and she was a member of the American Library Association, which she joined in 1906. She became locally known for her work during World War I to help get ambulances to France and for her work with the suffragette movement as an organizer of the Woman Suffrage Council in D.C.

Honors and publications
She served as representative on the Congressional Joint Commission on Reclassification of Federal Employees, where she helped successfully gain fairer recognition of library activities. She published multiple works on bibliography and agricultural librarianship:

 * Bibliographical Contributions Number 1: Check List of Publications of the Department of Agriculture on the Subject of Plant Pathology, 1837-1918
 * The Agricultural Libraries Section of the American Library Association (1919) from Science (republished from the Bulletin of the American Library Association)
 * Bibliographical Contributions Number 2: Check list of Publications of the State Agricultural Experiment Stations on the Subject of Plant Pathology 1876-1920
 * Libraries of Scientific Research Institutions Round Table (1921) from Bulletin of the American Library Association
 * Abstracts and Titles of Scientific Articles From the Librarian's Standpoint (1921) from Science
 * The Contribution of Librarians to Agricultural History and Research (1922) from The Library Journal

Death and legacy
Eunice R. Oberly died suddenly on November 5, 1921, at her home in Washington, D.C. After Oberly's death, her friends donated $800 in 1923 to the American Library Association as a memorial to her. The income from the donation was to be used as an annual reward to the compiler of the best bibliography of the year in the field of natural sciences or agriculture. The ALA board accepted the reward and transmitted it to the ALA endowment fund for investment and maintenance and a committee was assigned to administer it. The award is still administered biennially as the STS Oberly Award for Bibliography in the Agricultural or Natural Sciences.

title: Eunice Rockwood Oberly


text:
Margaret Lowengrund

Margaret Lowengrund (b. 1902 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; d. 1957 New York) was an American artist and a key figure in the American Print Renaissance of the 1950s and 1960s. Lowengrund attended at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and also studied with Joseph Pennell in New York. She founded the pioneering the Contemporaries Graphic Art Centre in 1955, originally the Contemporaries gallery founded in 1952 and which later became the Pratt Graphic Art Center upon her death. She is known for her etchings, lithographs, and paintings and was a Works Progress Administration (WPA) artist.

Lowengrund's work is in the permanent collection of the Delaware Art Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art, The Newark Museum of Art the Spencer Museum of Art, the Library of Congress, and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Her work was included in the Office of Emergency Management Art in War exhibit at the Museum of Modern Art in 1942.

title: Margaret Lowengrund


text:
Javadiyeh (disambiguation)

Javadiyeh is a neighborhood of Tehran.

Javadiyeh or Javadieh may refer to:
 * Javadiyeh, Arsanjan, Fars Province
 * Javadiyeh, Eqlid, Fars Province
 * Javadieh, Shiraz, Fars Province
 * Javadiyeh, Hamadan
 * Javadiyeh ol Hiyeh, Kerman Province
 * Javadiyeh-ye Mortazavi, Kerman Province
 * Javadiyeh-ye Zeydabad, Kerman province
 * Javadiyeh, Markazi
 * Javadiyeh, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province
 * Javadiyeh, Nishapur, Razavi Khorasan Province
 * Javadiyeh, Torbat-e Heydarieh, Razavi Khorasan Province
 * Javadiyeh, South Khorasan

title: Javadiyeh (disambiguation)


text:
Campbell Barracks (Western Australia)

Campbell Barracks is an Australian Army base located in Swanbourne, a coastal suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It is named after Lieutenant Colonel  Campbell (1842–1924), former commandant of the Commonwealth Military Forces in Western Australia.

Campbell Barracks was originally "acquired" in 1935, to house coastal artillery, two six-inch guns. It was to host the northernmost part of Fremantle Fortress, the Freemantle coastal defences. Improvement work was carried out under the supervision of No. 6 Heavy Battery, Royal Australian Artillery. During the Second World War it host both artillery and garrison infantry.

The Special Air Service Regiment (SASR) has been based at Campbell Barracks since the regiment was first established as an independent company in 1957. Although Campbell Barracks is the home of the SASR, most of the training and selection for the regiment takes place in Bindoon, Western Australia.

The SASR is a special forces regiment of the Australian Army and is modelled on the original British SAS, while also drawing on the traditions of the Australian Z Special Force commando unit, and the Independent Companies which were active in the South Pacific during the Second World War.

The SASR's three 'sabre squadrons' rotate between the war/reconnaissance and counterterrorism/recovery roles. Two squadrons are maintained in the war/reconnaissance role with the remaining squadron filling the counterterrorism/recovery role. Rotations occur every 12 months, so each squadron fulfils the counterterrorism/recovery role and configuration every three years. Reports that the squadron filling the counterterrorism role is always designated 1 Squadron are incorrect as that practice ceased in the late 1980s.

All three sabre squadrons are garrisoned at Campbell Barracks save for certain units within each sabre squadron that can be rotated amongst bases within Australia. This usually only occurs with the current Counter Terrorist Squadron.

As stated in ex-SASR soldier Keith Fennell's book "Warrior Training", outside the headquarters for Campbell Barracks is a monument to every Australian SASR soldier who has died on active service with the regiment, be it during training or on deployment. The list currently stands at just over 40 soldiers, the majority having been killed in training accidents.

title: Campbell Barracks (Western Australia)


text:
Talk:United Nations Trusteeship Council

The UN link says they don't meet annually anymore? --<IP_ADDRESS> 00:43, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * That's correct. There are no longer any trust territories, so there would be nothing for the Council to discuss. The only meetings are occasion ones, usually for ceremonial type reasons. Newyorkbrad (talk) 20:56, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

Shouldn't we list what the trusteeship territories were? The map doesn't even have a key to indicate which color represents the trust territories, or what any of the colors mean. john k (talk) 18:59, 24 February 2008 (UTC)
 * A complete list of the former trust territories is at trust territories. That article is linked from this one, but maybe you can find a way to make it more clear. Newyorkbrad (talk) 20:56, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

What about Ryukyu Kingdom for UN Trusteeship Council?
USA says Japan only has the administrative rights over the islets, while Japan says Ryukyu islets belong to Japan, and both China and Taiwan claim partial sovereignty on Diaoyutai as part of the Ryukyu islets. Even some local people of Okinawa prefecture of Japan was itself a Kingdom State before Japan annexed them as Ryukyu Kingdom. For more, see (<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 12:52, 4 August 2013 (UTC))

title: Talk:United Nations Trusteeship Council


text:
Introduction to Computer Science

Introduction
Dear student,

You are starting to learn about computation and its purpose. This course covers the same materials as an introductory class for undergraduate computer science majors. Its curriculum, which includes software, hardware and algorithms, resembles that of a one- or two-semester first-year college course or the high school Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science. It does not require a formal computer science background.

There is also a gentler Introduction to Computers for non-majors, and a basic course focusing on programming that is taught in several computer languages.

The rewards of taking this course are immense. In addition to being a subject in itself, computer science can be applied to almost any other discipline from accounting to zoology. The job prospects for computer scientists and computer engineers are excellent.

Be patient in your studies, and don't get too frustrated if you are stuck on one part of a programming assignment or confused about a concept. Struggling with the materials is a normal and essential part of the learning process. You're probably better off going through the course sequentially and consulting external references as needed. Each lesson, particularly in the programming component of the course, builds on previous sections and it is best to keep up with the materials throughout. You're welcome to go at your own pace and begin or end at any time.

Completing the reading and programming assignments for one section can take awhile. If you would like feedback, the instructors are here to help.

Prerequisites
''Prerequisites are courses that are suggested you understand before you attempt this course. If you're having a hard time understanding the material in this course, make sure you understand these prerequisites first.''
 * Introduction to Computers

Corequisites
Computer science is a discipline - also can be described as a branch of knowledge; where abstraction (the process of dealing with ideas rather than events) is of much concern.

Lessons
Introduction to Computer Science
 * 1) History of Computing
 * 2) Introduction to Turing Machines
 * 3) Number Systems
 * 4)  Basics of Computer Architecture
 * 5) * What is a CPU?
 * 6) * What is a motherboard?
 * 7) Internet
 * 8)  Personal Computers
 * 9)  What is an Algorithm
 * 10)  How To Implement a Problem Solution as a Program
 * 11)  Development Environment and Language Principles
 * 12)  Types and Variables
 * 13)  Operators and Expressions
 * 14)  Control Structures
 * 15)  Procedures and Functions
 * 16)  Arrays, Strings and Records
 * 17)  Basic I/O
 * Despite the best efforts of the authors, the material in this course is imperfect. If you have a question or otherwise need help with this course, please post on the Help Page.

Next Course

 * Introduction to Programming

Related Wikiversity resources

 * Introduction to Computers – Beginners guide to computing.
 * Introduction to Information Technology – needs work. Will you help out?
 * IT Fundamentals

Academic and other organizations

 * Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
 * Computing Research Association (CRA)
 * Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
 * The Internet Society (ISOC), an international organization which manages the Internet

Advice

 * How to Become a Computer Scientist
 * Advice for Computer Science College Students

Other E-books

 * Java Programming (Wikibooks)
 * Introduction to Programming Using Java (Creative Commons licensed)
 * Thinking in Java
 * The Java Tutorials from Sun
 * Java Expert Solutions (published in 1997)
 * Computer Histories - An introductory course on the history of computing

Similar courses at other institutions

 * MIT's. Classes in a variety of subjects are available for free at the school's Open CourseWare website.
 * Princeton University's course in introductory computer science, complete with lecture slides, assignments and an online textbook.
 * Harvard University's Introduction to Computer Science I (video lectures).
 * Saylor: CS101: Introduction to Computer Science I

Introdução à Ciência da Computação

title: Introduction to Computer Science


text:
Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am

Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am is a 2019 documentary film, directed by Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, and produced by Johanna Giebelhaus, Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, Chad Thompson, and Tommy Walker. The film follows American novelist Toni Morrison who examines her life, her works and the powerful themes throughout her literary career. The film also features Oprah Winfrey, Russell Banks, Angela Davis, and Barack Obama.

Synopsis
Toni Morrison describes her life, her works, and the powerful themes she has written about throughout her literary career.

Cast

 * Toni Morrison

Morrison was an American novelist from Ohio. In 1988 she earned the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her work Beloved (1987), and in 1993 became the first Black woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. She died on 5 August 2019, when the HuffPost, wrote that the "world lost one of its most important voices".

Critical response
On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on  reviews, with an average rating of. The website's critical consensus reads, "Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am honors its acclaimed subject with a comprehensive, illuminating, and fittingly profound overview of her life and work." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 80 out of 100, based on 14 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Alan Zilberman of The Washington Post wrote: "The film suffers from some of the familiar bad habits of the biographical documentary. At times, Greenfield-Sanders provides too many images and too much context, almost as if he doesn't trust his own subject. The use of music — more filler than necessary at times — is also cloying". Gary Goldstein of The Los Angeles Times wrote: "The remarkable documentary 'Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am' does so many things so well that it's often like watching several fine films at once. Look for this one to be front and center in its category come Oscar time." Nick Schager of Variety wrote: "Yet, inasmuch as it locates the heart of the author's inspirations and attitudes, as well as her guiding ethos to capture grand national truths while focusing on the complex interior particulars of individual experience, 'Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am,' at its best, serves the soul of its subject." Caryn James of The Hollywood Reporter wrote: "In The Pieces I Am, the outer self is enough to let viewers know that Morrison and her novels are treasures."

Joshua Brunsting of CriterionCast wrote: "It's a captivating, if flat, meditation on one of the great artists of our time, and while it may lean into hagiography, there are moments of genuine introspection that make this more than worthy of one's time". David Bax of the Battleship Pretension wrote: "The film resists analysis in its essayistic plainness. Though Morrison's writing is alive–jumping, soaring and diving deep–Greenfield-Sanders' film lays flat on the surface."

title: Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am


text:
完成

Verb

 * 1) to complete; to finish; to fulfill
 * 2)  to get married
 * 1)  to get married
 * 1)  to get married

Synonyms

Noun

 * 1) completion, accomplishment

Verb

 * 1) complete

title: 完成


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/rntobsn.online

Links

 * rntobsn.online resolves to [//<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS>]
 * Link is not on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the domainredlist.
 * Link is not on the Monitorlist.
 * None of the mentioned users is on the blacklist.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.
 * Link is not on the whitelist.
 * Link is not on the monitor list.

Additions

 * Displayed all 1 additions.


text:
General Biology/Tissues and Systems/Respiratory System

=Respiratory system= In humans and other animals, for example, the anatomical features of the respiratory system include airways, lungs, and the respiratory muscles. Other animals, such as insects, have respiratory systems with very simple anatomical features, and in amphibians even the skin plays a vital role in gas exchange.

Plants also have respiratory systems but the directionality of gas exchange can be opposite to that in animals. The respiratory system in plants also includes anatomical features such as holes on the undersides of leaves known as stomata.

In mammals, the diaphragm divides the body cavity into the

abdominal cavity: contains the viscera (e.g., stomach and intestines)

thoracic cavity: contains the heart and lungs.

Respiratory tree: terminates in alveolus, alveoli. Respiratory bronchioles branch into alveolar ducts and into alveoli. Alveolus: microscopic air sacs, 300 million of these in human lungs. Total surface area large. Gas diffuses micrometer, very tiny distance.


text:
History of Education

The History of Education is a growing field.

1.	Martin Luther (1483-1546): He believed that education should be supported by the state, and that the state should have the authority and responsibility to control the curriculum, the textbooks, and the instruction. His primary concern was with elementary school. (Web Education)]

2.	Philipp Melanchthon (1497) Melanchthon was a major figure in the reform of the educational system and was more concerned with the grammar schools and universities. Melanchthon wrote the constitution and helped organize reformed grammar schools in more than 50 towns. (Web Education)

3.	Harvard College (1636) The first college in the American Colonies. Harvard was established for the advancement and education of youth in all manner of good literature, arts and sciences. (Web Education)

4.	John Locke (1632-1704) He had a profound influence on education. Locke believed the goal of education was to create the ethical, practical individual who could contribute effectively in the leading process. (Web Education)

5.	Education Law of 1647 This law that required the establishment of schools. Education was made a direct responsibility of the people and their elected representatives. (Web Education)

-

title: History of Education