text:
Wikipedia:The 50,000 Challenge/Archive 11

6,001–6,500

 * 1)  2020 Maine Black Bears football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 2)  2020 New Hampshire Wildcats football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 3)  2020 Davidson Wildcats football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 4)  2020 Butler Bulldogs football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 5)  2020 Morehead State Eagles football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 6)  2020 Marist Red Foxes football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 7)  2020 Stetson Hatters football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 8)  2020 San Diego Toreros football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 9)  2020 Valparaiso Crusaders football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 10)  2010 Northern Colorado Bears football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 11) 🇺🇸 Western States Pact, new article
 * 12) 🇺🇸 Arlington Experimental Farm, new article by Bri
 * 13) 🇺🇸 Open the States, new article by Bri
 * 14)  Mountlake Terrace, Washington, expanded article by SounderBruce
 * 15) 🇺🇸 Paul Mohai, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 16)  Jennifer Homans, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 17) 🇺🇸 Primula angustifolia, new article by MauraWen
 * 18)  Ruth Franklin, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 19)  Orville Edwin Langley, existing Start-class article by Bruin2
 * 20)  Richard Miller (author), new article by Bri
 * 21)  Carol Brightman, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 22)  Mid-Columbia Libraries, new article by Bri
 * 23)  Lorna Breen, new stub by Another Believer
 * 24)  John Sherman (businessman), new article by Muboshgu
 * 25)  Lee Gonzales, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 26)  Pam Raff, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 27)  Whiskey Dick Creek, new article by Bri
 * 28)  Rock Island Creek, new article by Bri
 * 29)  Douglas Creek (Washington state), new article by Bri
 * 30)  Statue of Harvey W. Scott, expanded by Another Believer
 * 31)  MLS Cup 1998, expanded by SounderBruce
 * 32) M. E. Thompson Coppin, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 33)  Mike Baumgartner, added stats and expanded by Kaiser matias
 * 34) Earle Theatre, new article by Encyclopaedius
 * 35) Dunbar Theatre (Philadelphia), new article by Encyclopaedius
 * 36) John T. Gibson, new article by Encyclopaedius
 * 37)  Juan Bennett Drummond
 * 38)  Jeff Alltus, new article by SWP13
 * 39)  Mike Dean (politician), new article by Muboshgu
 * 40)  Ben Vig, new article by Muboshgu
 * 41) Ann Bradford Stokes, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 42) 🇺🇸   India Ferrah, new article by Another Believer
 * 43)  Lillian Atkins Clark, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 44)  Indian FTR1200, new article by Bri
 * 45)  Riley Moore, new article by Muboshgu
 * 46)  Kenneth Bogner, new article by Muboshgu
 * 47)  Tim McGinnis, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 48)  Jeff Johnson (South Carolina politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 49)  Jay Jordan (politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 50)  2019 Dixie State Trailblazers football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 51)  1921 Akron football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 52)  1998 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 53)  1997 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 54)  1996 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 55)  1995 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 56)  1994 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 57)  1993 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 58)  1992 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 59)  1991 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 60)  1990 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 61)  1989 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 62)  1988 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 63)  1987 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 64)  1986 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 65)  1985 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 66)  1984 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 67)  1983 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 68)  1982 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 69)  Lillian Singleton Dove, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 70)  Richard Eckstrom, new article by Muboshgu
 * 71)  Jim Lander, new article by Muboshgu
 * 72)  Thelma Patten Law, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 73)  Frank E. Beach Memorial Fountain, expanded by Another Believer
 * 74)  World of Speed (Wilsonville, Oregon), new article by Another Believer
 * 75)  Mary Keys Gibson, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 76)  Lake Stevens, Washington, expanded article by SounderBruce
 * 77)  Thomas Beadle, new article by Muboshgu
 * 78)  Hall/Nimbus station, expanded article by Aboutmovies
 * 79)  Pioneer Square South and Pioneer Square North stations, expanded article by Truflip99
 * 80)  Columbia Area Transit, new article by Truflip99
 * 81)  Division Transit Project, new article by Truflip99
 * 82)  Jon Godfread, new article by Muboshgu
 * 83)  Joyce Nichols, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 84)  Furrs, Mississippi, new article by Magnolia677
 * 85)  Karen Bryant, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 86) 🇺🇸 25th Station Hospital Unit, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 87) 🇺🇸 Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act, new article by Muboshgu
 * 88) 🇺🇸 Della H. Raney, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 89) 🇺🇸 Kathleen A. McGrath, article improved and Added refs by SWP13
 * 90)  Sandra Hodge, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 91)  Centerville, Alpine County, California, expanded article, Magnolia677
 * 92)   Bryant Kirkland (minister), new start-class article by Bruin2
 * 93) 🇺🇸 Prudence Burns Burrell, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 94)  The Twelve Labors of Hercules (Spafford), new article by Bri
 * 95)  Jane E. Mitchell, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 96)  Carmen Rubio, new article by Another Believer
 * 97) 🇺🇸 Donna P. Davis, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 98)  Inclined (Phelps), new article by Another Believer
 * 99)  Lake Bixhoma, existing start-class article not previously listed here
 * 100)  Samuel W. Hayes, new C-class article by Bruin2
 * 101) 🇵🇷  Cynthia Lee Fontaine, improved by Another Believer and Kbabej
 * 102) 🇺🇸 National Black Nurses Association, upgraded article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 103) 🇺🇸 Betty Smith Williams, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 104) 🇺🇸   The West Christmas Ever, new article by Another Believer
 * 105)  1981 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 106)  1980 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 107)  2017 Indiana State Sycamores football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 108) 🇺🇸 2020 NCAA Division I FCS football rankings, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 109)  2020 Cure Bowl, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 110)  1979 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 111)  1993 Arkansas State Indians football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 112)  1992 Arkansas State Indians football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 113)  1991 Arkansas State Indians football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 114)  1990 Arkansas State Indians football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 115)  2010 Dartmouth Big Green football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 116)  1978 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 117)  1977 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 118)  1975 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 119)  1974 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 120)  1973 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 121)  1972 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 122)  1971 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 123)  1970 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 124)  1969 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 125)  Nel Centro, new article by Another Believer
 * 126)  Frederick Kantor, improved article by Bri
 * 127) 🇺🇸 Goldie Brangman-Dumpson, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 128)  LaTaunya Pollard, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 129)  Altabira City Tavern, new article by Another Believer
 * 130)  Institute for Disease Modeling, new article by Bri
 * 131) Belle of the Nineties destubbed by Encyclopædius
 * 132)   Fountain for Company H, expanded by Another Believer
 * 133)  Youyang Gu COVID model, new article by Bri
 * 134) 🇺🇸  The Inevitable Album, new article by Another Believer
 * 135)  End of the Trail (Wanlass), new article by Another Believer
 * 136)  Rhonda Windham, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 137) 🇺🇸 The Complete Compendium of Universal Knowledge, new article by Bri
 * 138) Emma Wakefield-Paillet, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 139)  Susan Moran, new article by Muboshgu
 * 140)  Andrew Lewis (Pennsylvania politician), new article by Muboshgu
 * 141) 🇺🇸  The Ginger Snapped, new article by Another Believer
 * 142) 🇺🇸  Law Roach, new article by Another Believer
 * 143) 🇺🇸 Death of George Floyd, new article
 * 144) 🇺🇸 Twin Cities riots, new article
 * 145) 🇺🇸 Omar Jimenez, new article
 * 146) 🇺🇸  Nadia Dowshen, new article by TJMSmith
 * 147) 🇺🇸  Annesa Flentje, new article by TJMSmith
 * 148) 🇺🇸 Not My Responsibility, new article by Another Believer
 * 149)  Larry Zarian, article improved and Added refs by SWP13
 * 150)  J. D. Scholten, new article by Muboshgu
 * 151) 🇺🇸 Geneva's Shear Perfection, new article by Another Believer
 * 152) 🇺🇸   Spoopy, expanded by Another Believer
 * 153)  George Floyd protests in Portland, Oregon, new article by Another Believer
 * 154)  George Floyd protests in Washington (state), new article by Bri
 * 155) 🇺🇸   Gigi Goode, new article by Another Believer
 * 156) 🇺🇸 Nordstrom Downtown Portland, new article by Another Believer
 * 157) 🇺🇸  Whatever (Adore Delano album), new article by Another Believer
 * 158)  Zelma Bogue, new article by SWP13
 * 159)  Jeremiah Ellison, new article by Muboshgu
 * 160) 🇺🇸 List of African-American women in medicine, upgraded by Megalibrarygirl
 * 161) 🇺🇸 DC blackout, new article by Bri
 * 162)  Tatiana Prowell, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 163) 🇵🇷 George Floyd protests in Puerto Rico, new article
 * 164)  George Floyd protests in Michigan
 * 165)  George Floyd protests in Texas
 * 166)  Statue of Frank Rizzo, new article by Another Believer
 * 167) 🇺🇸 Confederate monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests
 * 168) 🇺🇸 Chaédria LaBouvier, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 169)  Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument (Birmingham, Alabama)
 * 170)  Frank J. Mrvan, new article by Muboshgu
 * 171) 🇺🇸 Ashley James (curator), new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 172)  Paula Devine, new article by SWP13
 * 173)  1968 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 174)  2013 NCAA Division II Football Championship Game, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 175)  2006 Presbyterian Blue Hose football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 176)  Robert L. Ridgeway III, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 177)  Wendy Brawley, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 178)  1967 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 179)  1966 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 180)  1965 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 181)  1964 Akron Zips football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 182)  Seth Rose, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 183)  Shedron D. Williams, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 184)  Michael F. Rivers Sr., new article by PCN02WPS
 * 185)  Chris Wooten, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 186)  Ivory Torrey Thigpen, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 187)  Cezar McKnight, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 188)  Bart T. Blackwell, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 189)  Melissa Lackey Oremus, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 190)  Bill Hixon, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 191)  Sylleste Davis, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 192)  Paula Rawl Calhoon, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 193)  Lin Bennett, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 194)  Russell Fry (politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 195)  William Bailey (South Carolina politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 196)  Lee Hewitt, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 197)  William S. Cogswell Jr., new article by PCN02WPS
 * 198)  Jeff Bradley (politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 199)  Rex Rice, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 200)  Richard Cash, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 201)  Tom Corbin, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 202)  Ross Turner, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 203)  Scott Talley, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 204)  2020 Cotton Bowl Classic, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 205)  2020 Sun Bowl, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 206)  Wes Climer, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 207)  Tom Young Jr., new article by PCN02WPS
 * 208)  Greg Hembree, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 209)  Stephen Goldfinch, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 210)  Sean Bennett (politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 211)  Sandy Senn, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 212)  Mike Fanning (politician), new article by PCN02WPS
 * 213)  Dull, Texas, new article by Magnolia677
 * 214)  George Floyd protests in Pennsylvania
 * 215)  George Floyd protests in Virginia
 * 216)  George Floyd protests in Ohio
 * 217)  George Floyd protests in Illinois
 * 218)  Eileen Givens, new article by SWP13
 * 219)  George Floyd protests in Oregon
 * 220) 🇺🇸 Elinor Wonders Why, new article
 * 221)  Candi Harvey, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 222)  Adrienne J. Smith, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 223)  George Floyd protests in Massachusetts
 * 224)  George Floyd protests in New Jersey
 * 225)  George Floyd protests in Georgia
 * 226)  George Floyd protests in Richmond, Virginia
 * 227)  George Floyd protests in Columbus, Ohio
 * 228)  George Floyd protests in California
 * 229)  George Floyd protests in Florida
 * 230)  George Floyd protests in Chicago
 * 231)  George Floyd protests in Maryland
 * 232)  George Floyd protests in Minnesota
 * 233)  George Floyd protests in New York (state)
 * 234)  George Floyd protests in New York City
 * 235)  George Floyd protests in Philadelphia
 * 236)  George Floyd protests in Washington, D.C.
 * 237)  Shell Dailey, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 238)  Dayton High School (Nevada), new by Koridas
 * 239)  Gabbs High School, new by Koridas
 * 240)  Homer Ulrich, new article by Koridas
 * 241)  Timmy and the Lords of the Underworld, expanded and improved by Koridas
 * 242)  Jaxon Buell, new article by Koridas
 * 243)  Thomas L. Sloan, expanded and improved improved by Koridas
 * 244)  Adelyn Bushnell, expanded and improved by Koridas
 * 245)  Louise Aronson, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 246)     James Edwin Campbell (poet), article expanded and improved to GA by West Virginian
 * 247)  Jessica Chiccehitto Hindman, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 248)  Statue of Williams Carter Wickham, new article by Another Believer
 * 249)  One Riot, One Ranger, new article by Another Believer
 * 250)  Cafe Nell, new article by Another Believer
 * 251) 🇺🇸 Bethany Albertson, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 252)  Shay Oberg, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 253)  Statue of Orville L. Hubbard, new stub by Another Believer
 * 254) 🇺🇸 George Floyd Justice in Policing Act of 2020
 * 255)  My Adventures With God, new article by Bri
 * 256)  Sharon Springer, new article by SWP13
 * , Ariela Gross, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 1)  Edna Mae Cooper, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 2)  Adelaide Underhill, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 3)  Athens Confederate Monument
 * 4) 🇺🇸 Rosalie A. Reed, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 5)  COVID-19 pandemic in Boston, new article by Qwerty325
 * 6)  Statue of Christopher Columbus (Richmond, Virginia)
 * 7)  Peter Hill (clockmaker), new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 8)  George Floyd protests in Wisconsin
 * 9) 🇺🇸 Margaret Santiago, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 10)  Emily Gabel-Luddy, new article by SWP13
 * 11)  Puget Sound John Brown Gun Club, new article by Bri
 * 12)  Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone
 * 13)  Revelry (restaurant), new article by Another Believer
 * , Mira Bartók, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 1)  Caroline Bedell Thomas, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 2) Shana Kushner Gadarian, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 3)  Equestrian statue of Caesar Rodney
 * 4) Amy J. Houtrow, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 5)  Jodie Anne Laubenberg, article improved and Added refs by SWP13
 * 6)  Frank Richardson (runner), new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 7)  Anja Reinke, new article by SWP13
 * 8)  Harriet Miller (politician), article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 9)  Julia R. Hall, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 10)  National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame, updated HOF inductees to 2019 by MrLinkinPark333
 * 11) 🇺🇸 Too Much and Never Enough, new article by Muboshgu
 * 12)  List of members of the Italian American Sports Hall of Fame, updated HOF inductees to 2019 by MrLinkinPark333
 * 13)  Matthew Harper, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 14)  Thomas L. Sloan, article improved by Koridas
 * 15)  Death of Adre-Anna Jackson, new article by Bri
 * 16)  2020 South Carolina State Senate election, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 17)  List of Robert Morris Colonials head football coaches, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 18)  2009 Robert Morris Colonials football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 19)  2008 Robert Morris Colonials football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 20)  2007 Robert Morris Colonials football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 21)  2006 Robert Morris Colonials football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 22)  2005 Robert Morris Colonials football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 23)  2004 Robert Morris Colonials football team, new article by PCN02WPS
 * 24)  Mike Crowley, expanded by Kaiser matias
 * 25)  Heath Flora, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 26)  Dan Cloeter, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 27)  Millie E. Hale Hospital, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 28)  East Contra Costa Fire Protection District, new article by Bruin2
 * 29) L. Eudora Ashburne, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 30) Norfolk Mission College, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 31)  Bust of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 32)  Bust of Ulysses S. Grant (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 33)  Garfield Monument (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 34)  Giuseppe Verdi Monument (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 35)  Goethe–Schiller Monument (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 36)  Le Poème de la Vigne, new stub by Another Believer
 * 37)  Lion (Perry), new stub by Another Believer
 * 38)  Pioneer Mother (Grafly), new stub by Another Believer
 * 39)  Statue of Francis Scott Key (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 40)  Statue of John J. Pershing (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 41)  The Doughboy (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 42)  Statue of John McLaren, new stub by Another Believer
 * 43)  Statue of Junípero Serra (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 44)  Statue of Robert Burns (San Francisco), new stub by Another Believer
 * 45)  Statue of William D. McKinnon, new stub by Another Believer
 * 46)  The Cider Press, new stub by Another Believer
 * 47)   Darcelle XV Showplace, new stub by Another Believer
 * 48)  Donald Trump's Tulsa rally, new stub by Another Believer
 * 49)  Steve Hofbauer, new article by SWP13
 * 50)  Gary Bric, new article by SWP13
 * 51)  Lake Hancock (Washington), new article by Bri
 * 52)  Kevin Andrus, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 53)  Stacey Murphy, new article by SWP13
 * 54) 🇺🇸 Pōniuāʻena, new article by Bri
 * 55) Jeff Forret, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 56) 🇺🇸 Amy Murrell Taylor, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 57) 🇺🇸 Yogendra Gupta, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 58) 🇺🇸 Kat Steele, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 59) Sapna Kudchadkar, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 60) W. Caleb McDaniel, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 61) 🇺🇸 Sarah E. Igo, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 62) Leo Pacheco, new article by Muboshgu
 * 63) 🇺🇸 Katherine B. Crawford, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 64) Mary A. Sullivan, new article by Krelnik
 * 65) Mary E. Holland, new article by Krelnik
 * 66)  Doug Ricks, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 67) 🇺🇸 Sandra F. Simmons, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 68)  Wendy Warren, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 69)  Kim Phillips-Fein, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 70) 🇺🇸 Julie M. Weise, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 71)  Britt Raybould, new article by SWP13
 * 72) 🇺🇸 Elizabeth A. Hunt, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 73)  Troy Nehls, new article by Muboshgu
 * 74)  Lauren Boebert, new article by Muboshgu
 * 75) 🇺🇸 Daniel Polsky, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 76)  Zula Brown Toole, new article by Krelnik
 * 77)  Georgia Newspaper Hall of Fame, new article by Krelnik
 * 78)  Lisa Ellram, expanded by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 79)  Etiwanda Steam-Electric Generating Station, new article by Koridas
 * 80)  Clark Kauffman, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 81) 🇺🇸 Ann E. Hagerman, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 82) 🇺🇸 Elizabeth Selvin, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 83)  Jack M. Murphy, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 84)  Tim Ridinger, new article by SWP13
 * 85)  Threa Almontaser, new article by MauraWen
 * 86)  Megan Kiska, new article by SWP13
 * 87) 🇺🇸 Margaret Ellen Newell, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 88)  Clancy Smith (Oklahoma judge), existing C-class article by Bruin2
 * 89) 🇺🇸 Dianne Chambless, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 90)  Jim Jones (Idaho politician), new article by SWP13
 * 91) 🇺🇸 Devolution (Max Brooks), new article by Bri
 * 92) Mary D. Lewis, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 93)  Ross Cady, article improved and added refs by SWP13
 * 94)  The Measure of a Mountain, new article by Bri
 * 95)  Vance Monument
 * 96)  Henry Kulczyk, new article by SWP13
 * 97) 🇺🇸 Joshua D. Rothman, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 98) Sister Sponsa Beltran, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 99) Karen Glanz, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 100) Nora Lawrence Smith, new article by Krelnik
 * 101)  2009 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 102)  2008 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 103)  2007 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 104)  2006 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 105)  2005 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 106)  2004 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 107)  2003 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 108)  2002 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 109)  2001 Saint Francis Red Flash football team, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 110)  List of Monmouth Hawks head football coaches, new article by Patriotsontop
 * 111) 🇺🇸 Monovision (album), new article by Patriotsontop
 * 112)  Zora Kramer Brown, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 113)  Judy Holland-Burton, new article by MrLinkinPark333
 * 114)  Avrum Gross, new article by Muboshgu
 * 115)  Amy Kennedy, new article by Muboshgu
 * 116)  Gospel Music Hall of Fame, updated inductees to 2019 by MrLinkinPark333
 * 117)  Long Island Music Hall of Fame, updated inductees to 2018 by MrLinkinPark333
 * 118) 🇺🇸 Dolores Mercedes Franklin, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 119)  Joseph Orgeron, new article by Muboshgu
 * 120) 🇺🇸 Theresa Greene Reed, new article by Megalibrarygirl
 * 121)  Fred Tilman, new article by SWP13
 * 122) Betsy Hoza, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 123)  Mary Cushman, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 124)  Nefertiti A. Walker, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 125)  Camille Waddell, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 126)  Jason Wening, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 127) 🇺🇸 Susan J. Pearson, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 128) Suzanne Keller, new article by HickoryOughtShirt?4
 * 129)  Virginia Shehee, new article by Magnolia677
 * 130)  Montana I-190, new article by Bri
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text:
Cookbook talk:Chicken

This module uses text adapted from the public domain US Department of Agruculture article FOCUS ON: Chicken.

I see where alll the imperial measures come from, but seriously, got metric? This articcle is hard to read fro someone not used to the imperial system, and I know someone who knows what he's talking about can fix it quickly. I can't. Off course I can enter the numbers in a converter, but you need nice and rounded numbers for the material to be remembered, and I have no idea what goes on in a kitchen most of the time. --Kasperl (Forgot to log in)
 * I think I got most of them, please check. Gentgeen 19:46, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Featured
This module was the featured ingredient on the main Cookbook page from September 6, 2004 - September 30, 2004. Gentgeen 12:36, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Is there no simple, basic roasting recipe?

brining
needs a section on brining

Internationalism
"in America today"? obviously this reads as if the expected readership is exclusivley american - bad wikimanship

 * It's taken directly from a public domain USDA document. Please update as necessary. (ie, ) Gentgeen 00:08, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

Defrosting?
''Do not cook frozen chicken in the microwave or in a slow cooker. However, chicken can be cooked from the frozen state in the oven or on the stove. The cooking time may be about 50% longer.'' This is a quote from the defrosting section, near the end of the current article. I have heard from many sources that frozen or partially-frozen meat and poultry should not be cooked, and can in fact be dangerous in that the meat will likely remain uncooked in parts. I am going to add a note in this section that the food should always be checked to ensure that it is cooked through.

more defrosting. It says when defrosting with cold water to change the water every 30 minutes, but i think a frozen chicken would keep the water cold anyways, much colder than tap water anyways. Here in Australia, we must be careful with wasting water needlessly. I have not edited the page because I am no expert on the matter, plus im new to trying to contribute to wiki so i dont want to make my first move a dumb one -gaspah

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cookbook talk:Chicken


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Paul Stamatiou

The result was delete.  Sango 123  02:57, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

Paul Stamatiou
Non-notable blogger, article appears to be self promotion (content by User:PStamatiou) Stormie 02:01, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete fails WP:BIO. --ZimZalaBim (talk) 02:17, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Strong Delete —  Vanity. SynergeticMaggot 02:28, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Strong Delete as per nom  Canadian - Bacon  (contribs) 03:08, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete I read: college intern with a blog. Come back in a few years, kid. --Xrblsnggt 03:20, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete per nom. --דניאל talk  contribs   Email 03:24, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete - WP:VAIN -- |  Shishir Rane  | talk | 05:20, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete Vanity. --Chris Griswold 06:42, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete Fails WP:BIO and is a WP:VAIN article. -- S iva1979 Talk to me  19:37, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete Another of these vanity articles where Wikipedians try to make themselves famous Plowright 19:45, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment Plowright, Who said he was a Wikipedian? JungleCat    talk / contrib  20:30, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Delete per nom. I guess Plowright will not answer my question. Note: Plowright just had an article he/she submitted speedy-deleted just now as jibberish. How ironic... Someone needs to welcome this new user. JungleCat    talk / contrib  20:53, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. --Neigel von Teighen 20:55, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. ericg ✈ 03:59, 13 August 2006 (UTC)


text:
すべすべ

Etymology
Reduplication of

Adjective

 * 1)  smooth, silky, often in reference to skin

Adverb

 * 1) smoothly

Verb

 * 1) be smooth

title: すべすべ


text:
Kurgan, Blagoveshchensky District, Altai Krai

Kurgan (Курган) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Novokulundinsky Selsoviet, Blagoveshchensky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 90 as of 2013. It was founded in 1912. There are two streets.

Geography
Kurgan is located 53 km northeast of Blagoveshchenka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novotyumentsevo is the nearest rural locality.


text:
CACS/Glossary/GRE

General Routing Encapsulation (GRE) (Internet) A method or technique of adding an IP standard header and trailer to a message that does not follow IP protocols. The encapsulated message is sent over a public network while received messages are stripped of the wrapper and processed. This permits non-standard data (from an application like Notes or AppleTalk) and totally encrypted messages to use the Internet. The technology is an important element in Virtual Private Network (VPN) offerings.

title: CACS/Glossary/GRE


text:
Talk:Julian Banzon

Essey
powerpoint the famous Filipino sciencetist <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:40, 12 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Julian Banzon


text:
Portuguese/Contents/Personal Pronouns of Subject

<< Portuguese:Contents

The Portuguese language contains pronouns for I, you (formerly thou), he, she, we, you and they. There is no "it" because Portuguese has no neuter gender, and instead an ungendered thing will be considered either masculine or feminine, depending on the gender of the word (keep in mind that gender in this case doesn't actually mean "men" or "women", it's just the name used for the noun classes of Portuguese. For example, the word for table: mesa, is feminine, but it's not actually seen as a female or as "girly", it's just a naming convention).

The pronouns
Official forms:
 * eu - I
 * tu - you (singular, very informal). Used mainly in Portugal. Comparable to the old english "thou".
 * ele - he or it (For people and objects of the male gender)
 * ela - she or it (For people and objects of the female gender)
 * nós - we
 * vós - you (singular and plural, extremely formal). Obsolete outside of highly intellectual and formal texts, and some areas of Portugal.
 * eles - they (For male people and objects). Also used as the defaut "neuter" gender pronoun when there are both feminine and masculine nouns in a group.
 * elas - they (For female people and objects)

Pronouns of "treatment":

Always conjugated in the third person singular, these are employed to refer to someone in a more formal fashion, or to speak to someone with a specific title (can also be used as honorifics). A list of common ones:

 * Você - you (singular, informal/formal), (old portuguese Vossa Mercê). Has replaced the use of tu in some dialects, used as formal second person singular in others.
 * Vocês - you (plural). Has replaced almost entirely the use of the pronoun vós.
 * O senhor - he/sir (male, singular, formal). Used to refer to strangers or as a show of respect.
 * A senhora - she/madam (female, singular, formal). See above (o senhor).
 * Os senhores - they (males, formal). See above (o senhor).
 * As senhoras - they (females, formal). See above (o senhor).
 * Vossa senhoria- he/she or sir/madam (invariable, extremely formal). Used to refer to someone that is seen as being "above" you, but that doesn't have any specific title.
 * Vossa majestade- his/your highness (invariable, extremely formal). Used for queens and kings.
 * Vossa santitade- your holiness (invariable, extlemely formal). Used to refer to heads of religious organizations (mainly the pope).
 * Meritíssimo- "one who has a lot of merit" (invariable, extremely formal). Used for judges.

'Colloquial forms:' (Used mainly in Brazil, not accepted in formal written language)

 * A gente - we (singular, informal). Replaces nos in informal settings. Conjugated in the third person.
 * ocê- you (singular, informal). Dialectal variation of você.
 * cê- you (singular, informal). Dialectal variation of você.
 * nóis- we (plural, informal). Dialectal variation of nós

As you can see, there is sometimes more than one pronoun in Portuguese for the equivalent English word. The reason for this is to show both the gender and the level of formality that you wish to use to address the other person.

I & we
To say "I", you simply say eu. To say "we", you say nós (in Brazil you might say a gente or nois in an informal setting). These words don't reflect gender alone but the words that accompany them (such as adjectives) still take into account the gender of the speaker/group.

You
When you say "you" in Portuguese to an individual, you must show the level of formality that is appropriate to that person. By saying tu, you are addressing that person informally, in the way you'd talk with a friend. When you use você, you are speaking in a more formal way. Again, these words don't carry any gender themselves but those that follow them agree with the gender of whoever is being spoken to.

When talking to a group of people, vocês is commonly used. At one point, vós was used as a formal plural "you", but it is now obsolete, although still heard in the north of Portugal. Only people who use an extremely erudite way of speaking use this pronoun.

In some dialects, mainly in Brazil, tu is considered too odd for general use and você is almost always used instead for informal situations.

He, she, & they
As in the English language, Portuguese has individual words for "he" (ele) and "she" (ela). But unlike in English, Portuguese also has male and female words for "they". Eles is used for males, but can also be used when dealing with both a male and a female (or a large group involving both genders). However, elas is used only for female groups.

Other forms of he, she, & they
When dealing with a formal situation or to an unknown person, "he", "she", and "they" can take on formal states. O senhor would replace ele, and a senhora would replace ela. For "they", os senhores replaces eles and as senhoras replaces elas. These forms would usually be used with older people, parents and teachers.


text:
Introduction to psychology/Definition and History

Definition and Purpose
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and cognitive processes. The purpose of psychology is to describe thinking and behavior and look at the relationships between them and try to explain the causes for them. When a psychologist describes behavior or thought he does so to understand, predict, modify, or improve.
 * 1) Understanding and Prediction: Occur when psychologist anticipates events, either in a natural situation or a contrived one
 * 2) Modification and Improvement: Occurs when the psychologist manipulates the situation and observes an expected result

Areas of Study

 * Humans and Animals: Psychology being the study of behavior and cognitive processes also includes studying animals. Most of the time animals are studied if it is unethical, the study would take to long, or cost prohibitive to study humans.

 * Hereditary and Environmental: Studying the influence of the environment, what the people learn from their sorroundings, and hereditary, what people know when they are born.

 * Conscious and Unconscious: Behavior is often the product of a conscious choice. Some behaviors, however, may result from motives that are below a level of awareness.  Many theorists refer to these motives as unconscious.  Both conscious and unconscious motives may lead to responses, and psychology therefore studies them both.  Frued was a pioneer of this field.

 * Normal and Abnormal: Normal psychology studies normal behavior and cognition. Abnormal studies people with mental-illnesses, though it is hard to define what constitutes a mental-illness.

 * Age Range: Because behavior depends on hereditary charactaristicsas well as things learned throughout life psychologists are interested in with individuals from conception until death.

 * Theory or Applied: Theoretical is learning more about psychology, and applied is the use of psychology to fix a certain problem.

History
The usual date selected for the begining of psychology is 1879, when Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) Started a formal psychology research laboratory at the University of Leipzig, Germany. Psychology has been around since antiquity, some say that the Kama Sutra speaks of psychology. Other studies preceded psychology that are either concerned with the same subject, just go about a different method of solving their problem, or contributed to the method of solving the problem. These include philosophy, the natural sciences, and medicine.

 * Philosophy: Wanted to solve the same hypotheses but didn't use the same method as psychology

 * The Sciences: Physics, chemistry, biology, and phisiology were all important contributers to the methods that are used by psychologists. Chemistry offers new drugs to treat behavioral problems, while the biological theory of evolution gave strong support for comparative psychology.  Biology also offers much information on genetics, heredity, and physiological structures and processes which have been used by psychologists in considering the effects of these factors on behavior and thought processes.

 * Medicine: In the 1800s people who exibited behavioral problems where thought to be possesed by the devil. In the early 1880s, medical interest brought the treatment for physical illnesses that were thought to cause abnormal patterns of behavior or thingking.  By the late 1880s the abnormal patterns were classified as mental illnesses, and treatment changed accordingly.  This led to the development of what is now called psychiatry, and had important effects on psychology.

The Early Development of Psychology
Early psychology was a period of systems of psychology. They were attempts to explain all behavior by using a single set of principles. Although none continues to be of major importance, all contributed significantly to modern psychology.

 * Structuralism
 * Functionalism
 * Behaviorism
 * Gestalt Psychology
 * Psychodynamic Psychology

Current Outlooks in Psychology
Attempts to explain all behavior by reference to only one systematic position have been abondened. The modern trend is to limit areas of study to particular aspects of behavior. These areas are called specialties and can be grouped into several broad approaches to the study of behavior.

Different perspectives
Many psychologists take an eclectic position.

 * Psychodynamic: Emphasizes unconscious drives and the resolution of conflicts.
 * Behavioral: Emphases the acquisition and alteration of observable responses.
 * Humanistic: Achieve or maximize human potential, also called self-actualization.
 * Biological: Based on physiological explanations of behavior. Close to neuroscience.
 * Evolutionary: Is based on genes, evolution and natural selection.

Some more recent perspectives are:
 * Cognitive: This examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language.
 * Sociocultural: Compares idfferent ethnic or cultural groups.

Fields of Psychology
The hundreds of specialties in psychology are usually grouped into one of the following fields.

Applied Psychology

 * Clinical and Counseling Psychology: Over half of all psychologists work in this field. Clinical psychologists are more likely to treat or conduct research into the causes of abnormal behaviors, while counseling psychologists more often work with mild social or emotional problems.  Typically people seeking the help of a counselor are not classified as abnormal or mentally ill.
 * Educational and School Psychology: Educational psychologists are concerned with the use of psycholgy to increase the effectiveness of the learning esperience, including facilities, curricula, teaching techniques, and student problems. A school psychologist assess, counsel or guide students who have emotional or academic problems.
 * Industrial/Organizational PsychologyIndustrial and organizational psychology (also known as I/O psychology, work psychology, occupational psychology, or personnel psychology) is the study of the behavior of people in the workplace. Industrial and organizational psychology applies psychological knowledge and methods to aid workers and organizations. I/O psychologists who work for an organization are most likely to work in the HR (human resources) department.
 * Consumer Psychology:Consumer behaviour is the study of how people buy, what they buy, when they buy and why they buy.
 * Engineering Psychology: See link
 * Forensic Psychology: Forensic psychology is the application of psychological priniciples and knowledge to various legal activities involving child custody disputes, child abuse of an emotional, physical and sexual nature, assessing one's personal capacity to manage one's affairs, matters of competency to stand trial, criminal responsibility & personal injury and advising judges in matters relating to sentencing regarding various mitigants and the actuarial assessment of future risk.
 * Sport Psychology: Sport psychology is a specialization within psychology that seeks to understand psychological/mental factors that affect performance in sports, physical activity and exercise and apply these to enhance individual and team performance.
 * Environmental Psychology: Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field focused on the interplay between humans and their surroundings. Areas of study include pollution effects, recycling efforts, and the study of stress generated by different physical settings.

Scientific Investigations in Psychology
Certian areas in psychology use scientific investigations primarily to explore fundamental questions of behavior or cognition. The experimental psychologists may study processes such as sensation, perception, learning, motivation, and memory, as well as the neurological or biological bases of these processes. Experimental studies are usually cunducted using the special approaches of the scientific method. Both human and animal subjects have been used in the wide variety of problems that have been investigated. Many studies look at the principles of behavior, without regard to practical application.

 * Cognitive Psychology: Cognitive psychology is the school of psychology that examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language.
 * Developmental psychology: Developmental psychology, also known as Human Development, is the scientific study of progressive psychological changes that occur in human beings as they age. Originally concerned with infants and children, and later other periods of great change such as adolescence and aging, it now encompasses the entire life span. This field examines change across a broad range of topics including motor skills and other psycho-physiological processes, problem solving abilities, conceptual understanding, acquisition of language, moral understanding, and identity formation.
 * Social Psychology: Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to others. According to Gordon Allport's classic definition, social psychology is an attempt to understand and explain how the thought, feeling, and behavior of individuals is influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. By imagined or implied presence, Allport suggests that the effects of social influence are felt even when there are no other people about.

Lecture_two:_Methodology_and_Statistics


text:
User:Jjlongoria

Jon

Occupation Currently working as a chemistry/biology tutor at UT-Pan American.

Undergraduate 2nd-year Student, Classification: Junior Working towards a BS in Pre-Pharmacy (Chemistry) and BS in Biology, particularly emphasizing human function and disease. The University of Texas - Pan American College of Science and Engineering

Graduate Plans Pharm.D. from the University of Texas School of Pharmacy Ph.D. in Pharmacology from the University of Texas School of Pharmacy

Languages of Interest English Japanese (日本語)

Me on Wikibooks Me on Wikipedia

title: User:Jjlongoria


text:
Wikiversity:Contact

Wikiversity is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. To contact the Wikimedia Foundation, please refer to their Contact webpage.

Contacting users on Wikiversity
There are a number of ways you can contact users on Wikiversity. You may

 * Post to a particular community member's talk page;
 * Post to a general interest page with a larger audience, such as the Colloquium
 * Chat with Wikiversity users;
 * Contact the support staff amongst the Wikiversity community; or
 * Write to the mailing list: Subscribe to Wikiversity-l and browse the archives.

Return to the Wikiversity main page

de:Wikiversity:Kontakt el:Βοήθεια:Επικοινωνία pt:Wikiversidade:Contato

title: Wikiversity:Contact


text:
kombajn

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) combine, combine harvester

Related terms

 * See

Etymology
, from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  combine harvester
 * 2)  boom box
 * 3)  any large device that has a multitude of functions

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) combine combine harvester

title: kombajn


text:
User:Greg.davis/sandbox

The McTavish Murders, Singleton NSW

The McTavish Murders refers to the murder and suicide of the members of the McTavish family at their family farm on the Broke Road, near Singleton, NSW, Australia

title: User:Greg.davis/sandbox


text:
User:Eurodog/sandbox261

Robert Purdy Eaton is a former actor, arthur, and producer.

Career
Eaton co-produced an American pseudo-parody action B movie Order of the Black Eagle, released in December 1987. The film is a sequel to Unmasking the Idol, a 1986 film by the same director (Keeter), story-writer (Eaton), and screenplay writer (Behrens). Leonard Worth Keeter III directed it in Shelby, North Carolina, at Earl Owensby Studios, and the surrounding area. Betty J. Stephens, John Alan Stephens, PhD, and Robert P. Eaton co-produced the film. Eaton — whose only marriage from 1965 to 1969 was the sixth of seven marriages for Lana Turner — was president of Polo Players, the firm that partnered with Earl Owensby Studios to launch the two-film project.

Fun fact
Robert Eaton and Monika Hellpap, in May 2005, sold their condo at Palm Beach Towers in West Palm Beach to Rudi Guilini and wife, Judith.

title: User:Eurodog/sandbox261


text:
It's All in the Game (Eric Alexander album)

It's All in the Game is an album by tenor saxophonist Eric Alexander. It was recorded in 2005 and released by HighNote Records.

Recording and music
The album was recorded at the Van Gelder Studio on July 29, 2005. It was produced by Todd Barkan. The quartet are tenor saxophonist Eric Alexander, pianist Harold Mabern, bassist Nat Reeves, and drummer Joe Farnsworth. Three of the tracks are Alexander originals: "Typhoon 11", "Open and Shut" (a minor blues), and "Little Lucas" (named for Alexander's son).

Release and reception
It's All in the Game was released by HighNote Records. The AllMusic reviewer concluded that "Eric Alexander is a clear winner with It's All in the Game."

Track listing
All compositions by Eric Alexander except where noted
 * 1) "Where or When" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 7:05
 * 2) "Typhoon 11" – 6:51
 * 3) "Where Is the Love" (Ralph MacDonald, William Salter) – 6:30
 * 4) "It's All in the Game" (Charles G. Dawes, Carl Sigman) – 5:51
 * 5) "Open and Shut" – 8:27
 * 6) "Ruby, My Dear" (Thelonious Monk) – 7:54
 * 7) "Little Lucas" – 5:20
 * 8) "Bye Bye Baby" – 5:30

Personnel

 * Eric Alexander – tenor saxophone
 * Harold Mabern – piano
 * Nat Reeves – bass
 * Joe Farnsworth – drums


text:
Waves/Derivatives

Math Tutorial -- Derivatives
Figure 1.15: Estimation of the derivative, which is the slope of the tangent line. When point B approaches point A, the slope of the line AB approaches the slope of the tangent to the curve at point A.

This section provides a quick introduction to the idea of the derivative. For a more detailed discussion and exploration of the differentiation and of Calculus, see Calculus and Differentiation.

Often we are interested in the slope of a line tangent to a function $$y(x)$$ at some value of $$x$$. This slope is called the derivative and is denoted $$dy/dx$$. Since a tangent line to the function can be defined at any point $$x$$, the derivative itself is a function of $$x$$:
 * $$ g(x) = \frac{d y(x)}{dx} . $$ (2.25)

As figure 1.15 illustrates, the slope of the tangent line at some point on the function may be approximated by the slope of a line connecting two points, A and B, set a finite distance apart on the curve:
 * $$ \frac{dy}{dx} \approx \frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} . $$ (2.26)

As B is moved closer to A, the approximation becomes better. In the limit when B moves infinitely close to A, it is exact.

Table of Derivatives
Derivatives of some common functions are now given. In each case $$c$$ is a constant.

The product and chain rules are used to compute the derivatives of complex functions. For instance,

 * $$ \frac{d}{dx} ( \sin (x) \cos (x)) = \frac{d \sin (x)}{dx} \cos (x) + \sin (x) \frac{d \cos (x)}{dx} = \cos^2 (x) - \sin^2 (x) $$

and

 * $$ \frac{d}{dx} \log ( \sin (x) ) = \frac{1}{\sin (x)} \frac{d \sin (x)}{dx} = \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} . $$

title: Waves/Derivatives


text:
C Sharp/Introduction

Preamble
This article is a quick dive into C# for those of you who have coding experience. Don't expect to understand all of the terms and code used in this article. All that you see here will be explored in further detail in later lessons.

A Simple C# Program
Below is a very simple C# application. It is a console application that asks the user to enter their name, and then prints out the message "Hello, " followed by the name that the person entered. To run this program in Visual Studio, create a project using the C# Console Application template and name it "MySimpleApplication". Then copy this code into the code file, and run the program.

The "using" Directive
The first line of the above program is using a directive, which declares that the current file can use members of the indicated namespace without using the member's fully qualified name. Without this directive, all references to the identifier "Console" would have to be preceded by "System" and a period, because Console is a member of the System namespace. The System namespace is a part of the .NET Framework, and is a collection of the most primitive and commonly used datatypes in .NET.

All datatypes in .NET must be declared as a member of a namespace. Namespaces help disambiguate identifiers and groups related datatypes together. (Editor's note: Add link here for more information about namespaces).

Namespace Declaration
The line that reads "namespace MySimpleApplication {", declares that anything declared within the curly braces is a member of the "MySimpleApplication" namespace. By convention, the root namespace of one's code should be the name of the programmer's organization (such as "namespace CompanyName.ApplicationName")or the programmer's name (such as "namespace FirstnameLastname.ApplicationName"). This helps to ensure that namespaces will stay unique. Other than the defined namespace, nothing else should reside in that area of code.

Class Definition
The code within the namespace declaration defines a public class named "Program" that has a single static method named "Main". The method is the entrypoint of the application (i.e., it is the method that is invoked when the program runs). The main method may be declared with a parameter to accept an array of strings, and may return an integer value. The array of strings passed to the method represent the command line arguments used when executing the program. This program doesn't use command line arguments, and so the method wasn't declared to accept any arguments.

Body of the Main Method
This is the meat of the program. The body of the method is a series of statements separated by semicolons. The first statement declares a variable of type string to store the name entered by the user.

The body makes use of two methods of the Console class, ReadLine and WriteLine. The ReadLine method accepts one line of keyboard input from the user, and returns the entered text as a string. The WriteLine method writes text to the screen, but we will elaborate more on that later. As you can see, the third statement of the program calls Console.ReadLine, and then stores the returned value into the variable "name".

The WriteLine method is actually a bit more complicated than it may at first seem, as can be seen from the fourth line of the method. The WriteLine method actually works similar to the printf function from C++. It takes a string and a variable number of additional arguments. The first argument is known as the format string. The WriteLine method searches the format string for tokens of the form {index}, such as "{0}", known as format items (format items may actually have a more elaborate syntax than what is indicated here, but that is ignored for now to keep things simple). The WriteLine function replaces each format item with the argument specified by the index of the format item. So, when Console.WriteLine("Hello, {0}", name) is called, the "{0}" is replaced by the name entered by the user.

The final line of the method is a bit of a hack that ensures that the program stays running until the user hits the "Enter" key.

Assignment
Modify the body of the method so that the program asks for the person's name, asks for an adjective that describes himself and herself, and then prints a message that states "[name] is [adjective]".

title: C Sharp/Introduction


text:
käsilaukku

Noun

 * 1) handbag ; purse, pocketbook  small bag used to carry personal items, often by women

title: käsilaukku


text:
User:Bluerasberry/clinical trial injuries in India

Clinical trial injuries in India including any harm which come to research participants in India as a result of their participation in clinical trials. Harms include problems which a participant reports, and serious adverse events, and death.

Swasthya Adhikar Manch v. Union of India
During Swasthya Adhikar Manch v. Union of India, the Supreme Court of India examined what happens when a research participant dies in a way related to their participation in a clinical trial. That examination found that the research organizers may pay the family of the deceased. When the researchers offer money, they offer widely varying amounts without explanation of why sometimes they offer less or more. The court considered whether this different treatment to different people was discriminatory or inappropriate. One consequence of that court case was the establishment of Rule 122 DAB, which is a government regulation in Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945. This rule gives direction to companies conducting clinical research for how to compensate research participants in the case of injury.

Rule 122 DAB describes that an ethics committee formed by the Drugs Controller General of India should describe the money amounts required as payment in case of death. The

An academic commentator asked many questions about how the changes would affect academic research, and requested that the government answer questions from researchers and include them in the development of documentation. A legal commentator remarked that this change is likely to make India a safer and more attractive place for foreign research investment in clinical trials.

Clinical trial regulations typically through familiar government channels which clearly indicate when they take effect. The government issued Rule 122 DAB in an unusual way, and consequently, at the time of its publication there was uncertainty about when and how it would roll out. The Indian Society for Clinical Research was among those asking for clarity and the opportunity for public comment.

Society
A 2014 survey of clinical trials proposed at a small set of hospitals found that while some had insurance, none had insurance which would fully cover payments to research participants as a result of death.

Payment

In August 2012 the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization presented a formula for calculating the compensation which a researcher should pay if a research participant has an injury in a clinical trial.

On 18 November 2012 the Drugs Controller General of India issued a new legal rule that if any research participant dies related to a clinical trial then the organizer must pay compensation.

Other
Activist Rahul Verma filled an RTI to All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi following reports that researchers there were keeping some children for long periods of time and turning away admissions for other children.


text:
Talk:Arnie Morrison

External links modified
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title: Talk:Arnie Morrison


text:
Talk:GarageBand

So where do you get it if it is not included on your computer?--Rayc 01:05, 22 September 2006 (UTC)
 * As far as I know, GarageBand only works with Macintosh OSX. You can buy it as part of iLife 2006. There are some other applications for Windows that are mentioned as being similar to GarageBand, but I never used them (example). --JWSchmidt 01:27, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

Great page
This is great work. The only pity is that I use an older version of MacOSX which didn't come with iLife, so i can't try out the activities here. I'm very interested in this area however - I would like to be able to facilitate the production of a variety of media through different software packages (preferably open source and multi-platform, so that we can include as many people as possible). But this is a great page that we can emulate for those programs.. Cormaggio 20:33, 5 October 2006 (UTC)

I feel this is excelent, but we must do efforts to use "free software" because not everyone has the money to buy expensive software. Thank you very much and kee doing it well--El Racionalista Prenihilista 00:50, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:GarageBand


text:
Bhaunri

Bhaunri is a 2015 Odia art-house film directed by Sudhanshu Mohan Sahoo and starring Arindam Roy and Mihir Das. This is the debut Odia film of Bollywood actress Bidita Bag. The movie was released to great fanfare in Bhubaneshwar and Cuttack on 1 January 2015 and was well received.

Plot
The word "bhaunri" means "the whirlpool". Whirlpool is the force that never allows any object to stay afloat. Whatever comes close to the whirlpool has to sink. A nation does not mean the lines drawn on a map. A nation is composed of its citizen and its social, political and spiritual principles, laid down by the wisdom (or lack thereof) of the nation builders. The story of Bhaunri reveals how those principles are used to exploit marginalized people in the state of Odisha.

The story revolves around Nandu, son of a bonded tribal laborer who never saw the value of schooling for his son.

Dibakar, a social worker with an ideology combining leftism and pragmatism, helps Nandu get into school, but the immorality of his teacher drives Nandu from the educational system. The film flashes forward to the present, where Nandu has become a bonded cowboy at a young age. Nandu's family is paid Rs.10/- per day in exchange for his labor.

Saraba is like a brother to Nandu. He grows with his simple curious lies. Nandu meets a girl called Janha and there is love at first sight between them. In the meantime Nandu's father falls ill and due to lack of medical facilities the old man becomes paralyzed and bedridden. The local capitalist Jitu is a depicted as a villain. He exploits people wherever possible. He becomes attracted to Janha and one day tries to molest her, but gets beaten up by Nandu. Jitu has strong political connections. The line officers of that area are controlled by Jitu. Though the political bodies of the area are reserved for the tribal people, Jitu gets his sycophants elected every time. The power stays with him. Nandu marries Janha. On the first night of their marriage, Nandu's house is set on fire by Jitu's men. Janha stands by Nandu's side to start fresh. Nandu and Janha attempt to rebuild the house. From this their miseries start again, as the police arrest Nandu on false charges. Meanwhile, Nandu's father dies. From the funeral Nandu escapes with Janha. Before the police can kill Nandu and Janha, they are rescued by the armed Maoists. Dibakar is the leader of that group. Nandu and Janha's frustrations drive then to become members of the banned organization. Janha is eventually caught by the police and is sent to the local jail. Nandu kills Jitu as the organization thinks that Jitu is the police informer responsible for Janha's arrest. Then Dibakar plans an attack on the jail to loot weapons and rescue imprisoned cadres, including Janha. In that operation Janha is shot in the crossfire and, unable to get timely medical attention, dies, with her last breath revealing that she was pregnant. Nandu realizes that the gun can only kill. It can't build a new society; the film concludes with Nandu turning his attention to the figure of Mahatma Gandhi, the preacher of truth and non-violence.

Cast

 * Arindam Roy as Nandu
 * Bidita Bag as Janha
 * Mihir Das as Maoist Leader
 * Manoj Mishra as Jitu Sahukar

Soundtracks

 * 1) Raghupati Raghava
 * 2) Pahada Parbata Jamure
 * 3) Dunguri Pahada Tale
 * 4) Alasi Janha Mo Priyare
 * 5) A Siali Bane

Achievements
The film had a good run in theatres all over Odisha. It was selected for the Kalaghoda Art Festival in Mumbai and was screened three times.

title: Bhaunri


text:
microbody

Noun

 * 1)  A cellular organelle bound by a single membrane and containing enzymes.

Translations

 * German: Microbody, Peroxisom
 * Spanish: microcuerpo
 * Vietnamese: vi thể

title: microbody


text:
Organic Chemistry/Introduction to reactions/Reactions

 * Alkanes
 * Combustion
 * Free-radical halogenation
 * Alkenes
 * Hydrogenation adds H2
 * Hydrolysis adds H2O
 * Oxymercuration/demercuration
 * THF
 * Halogenation adds halogen
 * Hydrohalogenation adds H and a halogen
 * Hydroboration
 * Halohydrins
 * Oxidation reactions
 * Allylic bromination
 * Diels-Alder reaction
 * Alkynes
 * Hydrogenation adds H
 * Hydration adds OH
 * Halogenation adds a halogen
 * Hydrohalogenation adds H and a halogen
 * Ozonolysis
 * Alkylation
 * Alcohols and haloalkanes
 * Carbocation rearrangements
 * Conjugated (1,3-) dienes
 * Direct (1,2-) and conjugate (1,4-) addition
 * Kinetic and thermodynamic control
 * Aromatic compounds
 * Hydrogenation
 * Benzylic bromination
 * Benzylic oxydation
 * Vinylic benzenes

Added links
 * 1) Review of nucleophilic substitution SN1, SN2
 * 2) Radicals
 * 3) Electrophilic additions
 * 4) Reactions with organometallic reagents


text:
Emergency medical responder (EMR)/Critical interventions/Ventricular tachycardia

Ventricular tachycardia is a condition in which the heart rhythm is excessively fast (around 170-220 beats per minute). Ventricular tachycardia can prevent the heart from circulating sufficient blood to oxygenate the body. While Ventricular Tachycardia may be tolerated for some time, it can deteriorate into a lethal heart rhythm called Ventricular Fibrillation.


text:
CACS/Glossary/CSS

Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) (Web Pages, HTML) is an HTML feature using a set of hierarchic input files that specify display characteristics used to interpret various HTML formatting tags. The CSS2 version also supports the description of display properties that are applied to XML applications. The CSS is an open specification maintained by the W3C, and detailed online information describing style sheets may be found at the W3C's Specification Page.

title: CACS/Glossary/CSS


text:
Talk:Orlando Palmeiro

Reference Needed
"Palmeiro enjoys fishing, is active in his home church during the off-season, and enjoys spending private quality time with his family when not travelling with his team. Palmeiro is easily one of the most approachable and humble professional athletes any fan could ever hope to encounter and his above-board character is readily apparent whenever anyone meets him."

This is an encyclopedia. The above is mindless drivel. What is the basis for the above? Where is the reference? What data were used to make this conclusion? Mwinog2777 02:52, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

 * There is no reason for that to be in this article. Whenever you come across drivel like that, just delete it immediately.  It has no place in an encyclopedia, even if it is true! Notorious4life 20:58, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:44, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Orlando Palmeiro


text:
User:Mohamad Izzam

Mohamad Izzam Bin Mohamad Sanif (born May 13, 2009) or better known as Izzam Sanif is a registered user of Wikipedia. Born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He Malay and Muslim. He is also a Malaysian citizen. He is very interested in Wikipedia because Wikipedia has information about what is available around the world. He was also interested in the history of the history of the Malay language Wikipedia page.

title: User:Mohamad Izzam


text:
User:VicHolmes

I am an instructor at the University of North Texas Health Science Center Physician Assistant program. I teach Anatomy, Physical Diagnosis, and precept PA students in clinic.

My full bio can be found at: UNT Faculty Page: Vic Holmes

title: User:VicHolmes


text:
Nina Tichman

Nina Tichman (born 27 April 1949 in New York) is an American pianist.

She studied at the Juilliard School in New York, which awarded her the Eduard-Steuermann-Prize for outstanding achievements, then in Europe with Alfons Kontarsky, Hans Leygraf and Wilhelm Kempff. Tichman has received numerous prizes, including at the Busoni, Casagrande, ARD, Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition, European Piano Contest Bremen, and Mendelssohn competitions. Her recording of the complete works of Claude Debussy, which she also performed cyclically in New York and in Frankfurt. Works for piano and violoncello with the cellist Maria Kliegel and Beethoven's Piano Trio with the Xyrion Trio. She has also made further recordings with works by Bartók, Copland (complete work), Chopin, Corigliano, Fauré, Mendelssohn, Penderecki, Reger. Since 1993, Tichman has been professor for piano at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln and gives master classes in the USA (Princeton, Amherst, IKIF), in Europe (European Academy Palazzo Ricci, Mozarteum Salzburg, Seelscheider Musiktage), Japan (Aichi University of the Arts) and China.

title: Nina Tichman


text:
User:Deebeezy/sandbox

The Harlem Book Fair is the United State’s largest African-American book fair and the nation’s flagship Black literary event. Held annually in Harlem, NY, The Harlem Book Fair, features exhibition booths, panel discussions, book sales, and workshops. Notable authors have included Cornel West, Sonia Sanchez, Amiri Baraka, Walter Mosley, Terry McMillan, Toure, Farai Chideya, Stanely Crouch, Nelson George, Mark Anthony Neal. The Harlem Book Fair has awarded the Phillis Wheatley Award to authors including Maya Angelou, Gordon Parks and Terry McMillan for their body of work.

Founded by Max Rodriguez, Publisher of QBR/The Black Book Review, the first Harlem Book Fair was held in July 1998 on the plaza of the Adam Clayton Powell State Office Building on 125th St. Outgrowing this space, the Book Fair moved to Harlem’s 135th Street, and at its peak covered three city blocks, stretching from 5th avenue to Frederick Douglass Blvd. An indoor and outdoor event, The Schomburg Center for Research and Black Culture, The Countee Cullen Library, and the Thurgood Marshall Academy have served as venues for the Harlem Book Fair. C-Span's Book TV has broadcast from the Harlem Book Fair since 1999, airing its popular panels.

With its growing popularity, the Harlem Book Fair has traveled and been hosted in other cities including Atlanta, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, Boston, Hempstead, Newark, and Buffalo.

title: User:Deebeezy/sandbox


text:
Japanese/Grammar/Verbs

Japanese verbs, ( 動詞; どうし ), inflect heavily to indicate formality, tense or mood, primarily in their ending. There are two tenses, several levels of formality and three classes of verbs, depending on their inflection. The two tenses are perfective (often considered past tense) and present (or technically, non-past, as the future tense is not indicated). Out of the several levels of formality, two are the most common: plain and polite.

Japanese verbs are officially categorised into five classes, but as two of these inflect much the same and another two only contain one verb each, these are usually merged into three when Japanese is taught as a foreign language. These are the consonant stem-, vowel stem- and irregular classes.

Dictionaries use the plain present positive form (commonly known as dictionary form) as the headword for verbs.

Verbs are classed based on their conjugations. Their endings don't determine the class, but are a general indicator.

Different inflections can also have suffixes. These may also be verbs with their own conjugations. Not all suffixes can be used on all verb inflections and others may only follow the verb stem. Examples are conjunctive + いる, せる ・ させる (causative), and られる (potential).

Ignoring the formality and the negative conjugations, the following is a list of verb conjugations
 * non-past
 * past
 * causative
 * causative-passive
 * conjunctive
 * conditionals
 * passive
 * potential
 * imperative
 * volitional
 * provisional

Ichidan class
Vowel-stem verbs end on a full syllable (hence the term: vowel-stem). In a sense, the final " る " of the dictionary form is dropped and the respective endings just added on.

The Japanese term " " refers to the fact that the stem ending occupies only one row in the kana chart.

The following table shows a few forms of the verb " 食べる " ( たべる, e. to eat):

Godan class
Consonant-stem verbs end in the middle of a syllable (hence the term; consonant-verb). That syllable changes depending on the form. The plain form has an う u sound ( u , ts u , r u , k u , g u , b u , m u , s u ), the ～ます -masu form has an い i sound ( i , ch i , r i , k i , g i , b i , m i , sh i ), and the negative form has an あ a sound (w a , t a , r a , k a , g a , b a , m a , s a ). The potential form has an え e sound ( e , t e , r e , k e , g e , b e , m e , s e ) and the volitional form has an おう ō sound ( ō , t ō , r ō , k ō , g ō , b ō , m ō , s ō ), so putting these together with the sounds above shows that verb conjugations follow the vowel syllabary of the Japanese character set:　あ a, い i, う u, え e and お o.

The Japanese term "" comes from the fact that the stem's last syllable spans all five rows of the kana chart in at least one form.

The following table shows a few forms of the consonant-stem verb "話す" (はなす e. to speak).

The て-form (conjunctive) and past positive form of a consonant-stem verb change the root for euphony according to the last syllable of the root (example in parentheses):

行く (いく) (to go) has an exceptional て-form 行って (いって).

If the verb stem ends on "う" such as in the verb 買う(かう, e. to buy) then its negative stem becomes -わ as in 買わない ("to not buy"). This is because the root is treated as kawu (despite the "wu" syllable not existing in modern Japanese).

Irregular verbs
Two common verbs do not share a conjugation pattern with any other verb. They are therefore commonly classed as "irregular" verbs. Formally, they are called "変格" (へんかく) verbs, as opposed to the regular "正格" (せいかく) verbs. This construction is made to use verbs and nouns of Chinese origin, for instance, from Chinese "確認"　(què rèn, confirmation) is formed in Japanese the verb " 確認する " (かくにんする), or "約分" (yuē fēn, simplify a fraction (math.)) which derives into "約分する"　(やくぶんする). The forms are "する" (e. to do, as in the examples) and "" (e. to come). The following table shows some of their conjugation forms.

Many verbs end on "〜する" and can be grouped in three categories:
 * Verbalised nouns. These are nouns which form verbs by appending "〜する". Examples:, , ", and.
 * Verbs that cannot stand alone without the "する" suffix. Examples:, and.
 * Verbs that cannot stand alone, end on an "ん" and therefore take the voiced "ずる". Examples:, , and . These verbs are commonly inflected the same as the ichidan forms, with "ずる" being replaced by "じる" thus: , ,  and.

The only commonly-used combination with "来る" is "やってくる", meaning "to come".

Polite forms
The polite (or formal) forms are simple as all of the consonant-stem verbs sit in the い-line (行く→行き) and the inflections are the same for consonant- and vowel-stem verbs.

The following table shows the polite forms for "行く" (いく, e. to go):

The imperative (〜ませ) is not used in formal forms except for a few polite verbs (see below).

Other irregularities
A small number of verbs tend to be conjugated differently from the groups that they are normally placed in.

Polite language
The verbs below are all consonant stem verbs but conjugate differently. While the regular forms also exist, they are seldom used.

The conjunctive and past forms of the first two verbs, "くださる" and "なさる", also have the alternative forms "くだすって／くだすった" and "なすって／なすった", in addition to the normal regular conjugations "くださって／くださった" and "なさって／なさった". These alternative forms have, however, fallen into disuse. While they are often encountered when reading texts from a few decades ago, the regular conjugations are usually used today.

The first three of the above verbs are also the only ones where the imperative form "ませ" of the auxiliary verb, "ます", is used to add an extra level of politeness:

Additionally, ございます, which originally came from the now-defunct yodan (四段, e. four-row) classical Japanese verb "ござる", is also used, although in modern usage, it is always used with the ます auxiliary verb ending. There is no imperative form (i.e. you cannot use ませ like above).

得る
得る (うる/える, e. to get, or to be able to) is the only surviving nidan (二段, e. two-row) class verb in modern Japanese. It has conjugations as in the below table:

"得る" can be read both as "える" in its terminal form (at the end of the sentence, or in situations such as attaching to べき). The "うる" reading is also used in those situations and in the attributive form (e.g. when attached to nouns). It is therefore incorrect to say "えるもの" as the correct form would be "うるもの". The combination "あり得る" is normally read "ありうる" in the present forms. All other conjugations follow the table above.

Miscellaneous irregularities
The vowel stem verb "呉れる" (くれる e. ) imperative form "くれ" (rather than the expected "くれろ"). Other "くれる" verbs of other unrelated meanings conjugate to the usual "くれろ".

The consonant stem verb "ある" expresses existence, but absence is expressed with the adjective "ない". Note that many textbooks also treat "ない" as a verb. The reader may also wish to be aware that more formal "ぬ" negative form and its conjunctive form, "ず", are still used: "あらぬ"/"あらず".

Summary of verb conjugations
See the adjective inflection Wikipedia page for present negative, past and past negative forms of i and na adjectives.

title: Japanese/Grammar/Verbs


text:
Vidonovo

Vidonovo (Видоново) is a rural locality (a selo) in Cheryomushkinskoye Selsoviet, Zalesovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 152 as of 2013. There are 5 streets.

Geography
Vidonovo is located 50 km west of Zalesovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shadrintsevo is the nearest rural locality.

title: Vidonovo


text:
Kosher style

Kosher style refers to foods commonly associated with Jewish cuisine but which may or may not actually be kosher. It is a stylistic designation rather than one based on the laws of kashrut. In some U.S. states, the use of this term in advertising is illegal as a misleading term under consumer protection laws.

Jews who do not keep kosher, but wish to restrict themselves to eating "traditional style" foods while not eating forbidden animals nor mixing meat and dairy, may consider themselves to be keeping "kosher style".

History
The concept can be traced back to, a term that was used in Germany to denote a type of eating style or food identity that revolved around religious practice. The actual term "kosher style" was invented by Nathan Handwerker, co-founder of Nathan's Famous. Because Nathan's lacked rabbinic supervision and the meat was not kosher, Handwerker advertised his all-beef hot dogs as "kosher style" because they were not made from pork or horse meat, both of which are considered treif. During the 1920s, the practice became popular amongst Jews who were assimilating into American society, allowing them to preserve the connection to their heritage without fully observing the dietary laws.

Over time, the meaning of "kosher style" has evolved and expanded, reflecting changes within Jewish communities and broader society. In contemporary practice, "kosher style" is often encountered at social events and gatherings, where meals might exclude certain non-kosher items but not adhere strictly to kashrut.

Relationship to kashrut law
Generally speaking, "kosher style" food will not include meat from forbidden animals, such as pork and shellfish, nor will it contain both meat and dairy in the same dish, which is forbidden according to traditional halakhic (Jewish law) standards of kashrut. However "kosher style" meat might not be kosher slaughtered. The term is broad and encompasses foods that could be kosher, such as chicken noodle soup or pareve meals (neither meat nor dairy), even if they do not meet halakhic standards.

Almost always when a restaurant calls itself "kosher style", the food itself is not actually kosher. For example, the Reuben sandwich, which contains meat and cheese, is not kosher. Dairy-based desserts such as cheesecake may be offered as complements to a meat dish. In the case of fish however, which is considered pareve, lox on a bagel spread with cream cheese may still be considered kosher if the lox, cheese, bagel and all other ingredients meet the requirements of kashrut.

Jews who adhere strictly to the laws of kashrut will not eat at "kosher style" establishments. Furthermore, the fact that such establishments appear to be kosher can be deceptive to Jews who are visiting an unfamiliar city and looking for kosher food. Some of these establishments are also open for business on the Jewish Sabbath, when this is forbidden by halakha. Yet others may choose to eat at such restaurants without consuming meat or cheese.

Differentiations in practice
At the same time, "kosher style" allows for variation in adherence to kashrut, reflecting different practices within the Jewish community. For some, "kosher style" implies abstinence from non-kosher animals, like pork and shellfish, and the avoidance of mixing meat and dairy in meals. These individuals may consume meat from animals that are kosher but not necessarily slaughtered according to kashrut standards.

The notion of "kosher style" serves individuals and communities navigating between strict religious observance and cultural identification with Jewish culinary traditions. According to Hasia Diner, "kosher style" represents a balancing act between tradition and assimilation, providing a sense of Jewish identity through food without strict adherence to kashrut.

Examples of menu items
Some dining establishments, notably delicatessens, serve "kosher style" food. This usually means that they serve traditional Ashkenazic Jewish foods, such as chopped liver, bagels with cream cheese and lox, smoked sable, whitefish salad, gefilte fish, knishes, latkes, blintzes, cabbage rolls, egg cream, matzo ball soup, borscht, kasha varnishkes, stuffed derma, p'tcha, cholent, kugel, pickles, sauerkraut, and cold cut sandwiches, especially pastrami, corned beef, brisket and beef tongue. Some kosher-style delis also serve Sephardi and Mizrahi foods such as shawarma, falafel, hummus, Israeli salad, malawach, and shakshouka.

Criticism
Critics of "kosher style" point out that the term itself is an oxymoron, since it creates an illusion of kashrut where the true emphasis is on a style of cuisine, rather than compliance with religious dietary laws. They argue that it dilutes the significance of kashrut, and misleads consumers regarding the food's compliance with Jewish dietary laws. The concern is that the term blurs the line between what is genuinely kosher and what merely reflects a style of Jewish cuisine, potentially causing confusion amongst both practicing Jews and the broader public. In some U.S. states, the use of this term in advertising is illegal as a misleading term under consumer protection laws.

The exact definition of "kosher style" may vary between communities and individuals, reflecting diverse interpretations and practices related to Jewish dietary laws. The term also relates to products marketed as "kosher style", prompting some regions to establish legislation to clarify labeling practices and prevent consumer misunderstanding. For instance, "kosher style" pickles might be produced without kosher certification or supervision, even while being associated with Jewish culinary tradition. As the kosher food industry expands into new territory with diversified choices, some believe that the concept of "kosher style" has become outdated and less meaningful, as it does not accurately reflect that diversity, along with contemporary Jewish dietary practices and preferences.

Eateries
Several notable restaurants in Lower Manhattan fit into the "kosher style" genre, including Katz's Delicatessen and Russ & Daughters. Canter's Deli in Los Angeles, Manny's Deli in Chicago, and Schwartz's in Montréal also fall into this category.

In Toronto, several "kosher style" restaurants (e.g., Meyers, Shopsy's) now serve pork products, such as bacon, ham, ribs, and sausage, in order to serve a larger number of customers. Some kosher-style hotdog restaurants, such as Max's Famous Hotdogs and The Windmill, use pork as well as beef hot dogs.

title: Kosher style


text:
User:Hawkeye7/War/Selected anniversaries/March 25

March 25

 * 1821 - Greece declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire, beginning the Greek War of Independence.
 * 1865 - American Civil War: In Virginia, Confederate forces capture Fort Stedman from the Union in a bloody battle.
 * 1941 - Kingdom of Yugoslavia joins the Axis powers.


text:
Φρύξ

Etymology
, perhaps of origin. Generally connected with the, an ancient tribe of the Balkans, whose name could be from. More at Bryges.

Noun

 * 1) a Phrygian

Descendants

 * Greek:
 * plural:
 * (plural Phryges)
 * (plural Frigler)
 * (plural Phryges)
 * (plural Frigler)

title: Φρύξ


text:
Vasilina Kuliyeva

Vasilina Vasilyevna Kuliyeva (née Zakharchenko, Василина Васильевна Кулиева, born 20 November 1981) is a Russian politician of the Liberal Democratic Party, who has been a member of the State Duma between 2011 and 2012, 2016 and 2021, and again since 2023.

Biography
In 2004, she graduated from the N. G. Chernyshevsky Transbaikal Pedagogical University, with a degree in jurisprudence. From 2005 to 2008 she worked in the Chita branch of Spasskie Vorota insurance group as a lawyer, in parallel, she was the deputy coordinator of the Chita regional branch of the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia.

From 2008 to 2011, she worked as an employee of the Governor's staff of Zabaykalsky Krai, at the same time was an assistant to the member of the 5th State Duma from LDPR. In 2009, she came second in the mayoral election in Chita. In December 2011 she was elected as a member of the 6th State Duma on the list of the Liberal Democratic Party, entering the Committee on family, women and children and Commission on parliamentary ethics. She resigned as deputy on 17 December 2012 to run for 2013 gubernatorial elections. As LDPR candidate for the Governor of Zabaykalsky Krai she took third place with 10% of the vote. In the elections to the 7th State Duma, she ran for the Liberal Democrats in Dauria constituency No. 44, and was elected on 18 September 2016.

In the elections to the 8th State Duma Kulieva was running in the same Dauria constituency, but unlike the previous campaign ruling United Russia party also decided to nominate the candidate for this seat. As a result, Kuliyeva came only 4th in the race, after Yury Grigoryev from SRZP, Yekaterina Fisun from United Russia and Communist Dmitry Nosov.

title: Vasilina Kuliyeva


text:
Hugo Zehder

Hugo Zehder was a German artist who became a prominent publisher of art journals in Dresden following the First World War. He launched the Neue Blätter für Kunst und Dichtung (The New Journal for Art and Literature) in May 1918. Zehder was an early member of the Dresdner Sezession and placed the journal at its service.

His play Der zweite Schuß was made into a film, The Second Shot in 1943.

title: Hugo Zehder


text:
Christ Be Glorified

Christ Be Glorified is the second studio album from American contemporary worship music band BridgeCity. The album was released on February 3, 2015 under Maranatha! Music and distributed by Capitol Christian Distribution.

The album was debuted live and advertised through the annual Generation Unleashed youth conference in late January and early February, 2015 (located in Portland, Oregon).

Track listing
Notes
 * New verses on track 4 by Marcus Janzen, Jeremy Scott, and Isaac Tarter.
 * New verses on track 11 by Julia Damazio and Isaac Tarter.

Personnel
BridgeCity
 * Jeremy Scott - lead vocals (1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 10, 12), acoustic guitar, executive producer
 * Kim-Maree Janzen - lead vocals (3, 5), backing vocals
 * Adam Smucker - lead vocals (6, 8), acoustic guitar
 * Hannah Hategan - lead vocals (7)
 * Isaac Tarter - lead vocals (11), keyboards
 * Yasuhito Hontani - electric guitar
 * Gabriel Adams - electric guitar
 * Brandon Bee - slide guitar, tambourine, producer
 * Jenny Civis - keyboards
 * Nathan Scott - drums
 * Joe Garibay - drums
 * Jay Sudarma - drums

Gang vocals
 * Isaac Tarter, Katrina Tarter, Marcus Janzen, Kim-Maree Janzen, Clint Guevara, Ethan Ebersole, Tyler Fitch, Jarius Trelenberg, Alex Damian, Narcis Damian, Jeff Borota, Jessica Borota, Nathan Ganz
 * Additional production
 * Brian Lawrence - engineering
 * David Benton - engineering
 * Mine Bae - engineering
 * Craig Alvin - mixing
 * Shelley Anderson - mastering
 * Jay Sundarma - graphic design

title: Christ Be Glorified