text:
Dhaka Gate

Dhaka Gate also known as Mir Jumla's Gate or Ramna Gate is a monument believed to be built by Mir Jumla II and enlisted as one of the oldest Mughal architectures in Dhaka. This gate is considered as one of the integral parts of the history of Dhaka.

According to the popular belief during the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, Dhaka was getting bigger. Mir Jumla constructed the gate as the north entrance of Dhaka ascertaining the northern border of Dhaka with it.

The gate was once a remarkable Mughal architecture in capital Dhaka and was used to enter in the city after arriving on the bank of Buriganga River. The gate was probably meant to guard the city from the north from the attacks of Magh pirates. It was severely damaged and was later rebuilt by magistrate Charles Dawes in 1825 AD. It is currently in the University of Dhaka campus area near Curzon Hall and Shishu Academy. One of its three parts is now in the area of Centre for Renewable Energy Research and another part stands inside the premises of Mausoleum of three leaders.

Background
Islam Khan was appointed as the Subahdar of Bengal by Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1606 AD. Islam led a successful campaign against the Baro Bhuiyans and shifted the capital of Bengal to Dhaka and gave it the name Jahangirnagar in 1610 AD. Dhaka emerged as the twelfth largest city of the world in 17th century.

Shah Shuja, the second son of Mughal Emperor Shahjahan, who was appointed as the Subahdar of Bengal province in 1651 AD, shifted the capital of Bengal to Rajmahal from Dhaka. In 1658 AD Emperor Shahjahan's sons were engaged in a rivalry that resulted in a series of battles. Shah Shuja led a campaign to Agra from Bengal and was defeated by his brother Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb sent Mir Jumla II, an expert in naval warfare to deal with Shah Shuja in the Ganges river basin of Bengal.

After Shah Shuja fled to Arakan in 1660 AD, Mir Jumla II was appointed as the Subahdar of Bengal by emperor Aurangzeb. Mir Jumla II reestablished Dhaka as the capital of Bengal province. He constructed a number of structures including roads, bridges, culverts and a number of forts to modernise the city.

History
Dhaka gate was among the structures erected by Mir Jumla II in Dhaka according to some popular belief. It was built in Suhrawardy Udyan area which was known as the Bagh-e-Badshahi or the royal garden that time. Bagh-e-Badshahi was a large garden area built by Mughals.

After the reestablishment of Dhaka as the capital of Bengal in 1660 AD, the land area of the new city expanded rapidly. The city was expanded during the period of Mir Jumla II, stretching up to Jafarabad in the west, Postagola in the east and Tongi Bridge in the north.

A residential area was established around the gate that time. It was known as Shujatpur and Chishtia. During those days, Dhaka was frequently attacked by Magh and Portuguese pirates. It is generally believed that the gate was apparently a border of Dhaka and was built to counter the pirates.

On the other hand, many express their doubt whether the gate was actually built by Mughals or not. Renowned archaeologist Ahmad Hasan Dani examined the gate and opined that the gate we see now was built in European manner and does not match the Mughal architecture. According to Professor Dani the gate was erected in 1820s, probably on 1825 AD by Charles Dawes.

Professor Ayesha Begum of the University of Dhaka remarked that the original gate built by Mir Jumla II was probably severely damaged and magistrate Charles Dawes who was renovating the Ramna rebuilt the gate as Ramna Gate.

This gate was partly demolished when the British rulers started to build various buildings adjacent to the Suhrawardy Udyan area from 1905. The current one was erected by Lieutenant General Muhammad Azam Khan, a Martial Law Governor of East Pakistan, which too may have been relocated to its present position while widening the road.

Dhaka South City Corporation planned to renovate the Dhaka Gate to the design of archeology expert and professor Abu Sayeed M Ahmed to bring it back to its original state. Its renovation started on 24 May 2023. The renovation work is underway by 12 craftsmen at a cost of BDT7 million. Granite seats have been installed in the gate area for the visitors to sit and Bibi Mariam Cannon kept in Osmani Park has been installed near this gate. The renovation work ended on 24th January, 2024. It is now open to visitors at all hours.

Structure
Formerly, the Dhaka Gate, yellow in colour, consisted of three major parts: two walls and a pillar. The two walls that shape like a slide has two pillars each that helped it to stand still for 400 years. The pillar, the height of which is about 15 feet, stands between the two walls. In total the gate, once a gateway to enter into the capital Dhaka used by the Mughals, consisted of 2 pillars.

After renovation, the pillar retained it's original shape, but was painted orange to reflect the widespread color scheme of Mughal architecture in Bengal. A third pillar was installed to complete the effect.

The height of the structure varies from 7 to 15 feet. But the design was uniquely made. There is a wide cornice shaped architectural work at the top of every single pillar. The two walls consist of a number of designed square holes in a half circular thickened part at the upper portion of the wall.

The architecture reflects the glory of the 400-year-old capital Dhaka.

title: Dhaka Gate


text:
Olfactory language

Olfactory language refers to language associated with the sense of smell. It involves the naming and categorisation of odours by humans according to each odour's perceived source or attributes. The study of olfactory language is part of the field of linguistics and is distinct from the study of semiochemical communication, which involves communication between organisms using chemical substances detected through olfaction.

Olfactory perception and identification
Different speech communities tend to display differences in both the perception and linguistic categorisation of odours. In general, Europeans find it harder to identify odours than hunter-gatherer communities. The ease with which odours are identified by speakers is related to the primary type of olfactory vocabulary used in their speech community. Some speech communities, including Jahai- and Thai-speaking hunter-gatherers, mostly use dedicated abstract vocabulary for referring to odour qualities, while others, such as Dutch and English speakers, mostly use concrete terms that identify the source itself. When presented with common odours and asked to name them, Jahai speakers are likely to use the same abstract descriptor and answer more quickly, while English and Dutch speakers tend to take longer to answer and use a more diverse range of mostly concrete descriptors, suggesting that abstract and concrete odour names are encoded differently. The nature of odour-colour associations also differs between speech communities based on their vocabulary. Dutch speakers who use concrete terms associate a particular odour with the colour of its source (e.g., banana odour associated with the colour yellow), while Maniq and Thai speakers who use abstract terminology do not show consistent odour-colour associations.

Olfactory metaphor
Cross-linguistically, olfactory metaphor is traditionally thought to be the least important of all the senses, especially when compared to visual or auditory metaphors, although emerging research suggests the phenomenon is more common than previously thought. In English, olfactory metaphors with negative connotations are often used to describe bad character ("he's a stinker") or the detection of bad qualities ("I smell something fishy about this deal"). In the Seri language, olfactory metaphor and metonymy are salient features. One example is the expression hiisax cheemt iha ("I am angry"), literally 'my.spirit stinks (Declarative)'.

Variation within languages
Different populations speaking the same language and sharing cultural traditions may still display varied perceptions of an odour, based on its prevalence and most common source in each location. For example, one study showed that French speakers in Quebec find the scent of wintergreen more pleasant and edible than speakers in France. This is because the odour is commonly used in candies and sodas in North America, while in Europe it is used mainly in medicinal products. However, providing concrete names of the source of the odours caused cultural differences in responses to decrease or disappear, suggesting that providing more linguistic information about an odour tends to make its perception more salient in the mind of the smeller.

Clinical applications
In a clinical setting, patients may undergo olfactory tests to aid in the diagnosis of mental disorders. A common test involves the use of "Sniffin' Sticks", a set of marker pens imbued with different scents at varying dilutions. Sniffin' Sticks are used both for diagnosis and for research into olfaction, including olfactory language. Due to linguistic variation across speech communities, the Sniffin' Sticks test must be validated for each country in which medical professionals wish to use it for diagnosis. Rather than using a literal translation of scent descriptors, researchers validating the test in a new country may need to change the translated descriptors to more culturally-appropriate terms for the speech community in question. For example, researchers validating the Sniffin' Sticks test for the Portuguese population changed the original translation of the grapefruit scent descriptor, toranja, to the Portuguese word for orange, laranja. This is because grapefruit are not commonly eaten in Portugal, which resulted in participant familiarity falling below the benchmark of 75%. Altering lesser known descriptors such as "grapefruit" to less literal but more culturally-relevant translations increased familiarity to within the range expected for healthy populations. This validated the Sniffin' Sticks test for the Portuguese population without requiring the scents themselves to be altered.

source: wikimedia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Olfactory language


text:
Puzzles/Statistical puzzles

 * /3 Bags of Marbles/
 * /Summing n/
 * /The Pentagon/
 * Buffon's Needle
 * /A Bug Running/

title: Puzzles/Statistical puzzles


text:
User:Mattjorge22/sandbox

Love-What is love?did you feel love?what can you feel. Love is powerful but sometimes try to love

title: User:Mattjorge22/sandbox


text:
жрьнꙑ

Alternative forms

 * Glagolitic:

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) millstone

title: жрьнꙑ


text:
User:Graeme Bartlett/sulfide bromide

The sulfide bromides are mixed anion compounds that contain sulfide and bromide ions. Li7GeS5Br

CdSnSBr2 also Cl2

title: User:Graeme Bartlett/sulfide bromide


text:
Talk:Sauda

Geography
I'm not sure what 'rivers with downfall' meant. It wouldn't be used in English. I changed the sentence; hope I didn't change the meaning. Cunningpal 13:10, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

History
Instead of 'mechanic production factories', which is not too meaningful in English, it would be better to say what the factories make. 'factories which manufacture. . . (whatever it is . . .)' Cunningpal 14:04, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * That was nice of you. English isn't my best side. By downfall I think I meant "The end of the river".

title: Talk:Sauda


text:
Sokolovo, Zonalny District, Altai Krai

Sokolovo (Соколово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Sokolovsky Selsoviet, Zonalny District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 3,224 as of 2013. There are 42 streets.

Geography
Sokolovo is located 30 km southwest of Zonalnoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Savinovo is the nearest rural locality.

authors: Витёк Артамонов

title: Sokolovo, Zonalny District, Altai Krai


text:
User:Camando2 2000/sandbox

Mohsin Hassan is a senior Pakistani Journalist, who is working for the last 19 years. He started his career as Stringer Photographer REUTERS and continued his work for 5 years. During that tenure he covered so many big news events including 12th MAY bloodshed in Karachi. Blast on the rally of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Funeral prayers and burial of Benazir Bhutto. Mohsin Hassan also worked for English language Newspaper The Nation as Business and General Reporter. He also worked in Abbtakk news tv channel as Crime Reporter.

title: User:Camando2 2000/sandbox


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Silicon Valley secessionism

The result was   delete. If the coverage is lacking there is nothing on the fringe. Drmies (talk) 03:11, 24 February 2015 (UTC)

Silicon Valley secessionism

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

At best borderline in notability, patently fringe ideas and idle chatter and the article does not reflect that. No evidence that this has ever been a serious thing anywhere; instead it's padded with tangential content that smacks of synthesis. Orange Mike |  Talk  23:54, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep. There are problems with it, which isn't unexpected for such a new article, but the idea has received relatively extensive coverage in reliable independent sources, which should suffice for notability. I don't see the WP:SYNTHESIS problem, since although there are inferences in the article (such as connecting seasteading etc to the topic), these are inferences made by the sources themselves. WP:FRINGE doesn't preclude a fringe idea from having an article, the main idea is rather to prevent fringe ideas from being given disproportionate attention in comparison to mainstream ones (plenty of tiny political groups and ideologies have their own articles, after all; the key criterion is independent coverage). At most I'd recommend incubation, but I'm not convinced it's so bad as it stands. — Nizolan  (talk) 10:48, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep - no less serious than the related Six Californias proposal - David Gerard (talk) 11:20, 10 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Politics-related deletion discussions. — Nizolan  (talk) 15:05, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of California-related deletion discussions. — Nizolan  (talk) 15:05, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

 Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
 * Delete Fringe idea, being promoted by a couple of prominent people at a conference or two. There is no evidence anyone is taking even a tiny step to make this happen; it's just talk. The sourcing isn't sufficient for an article: two stories by the same author in New York Magazine; an article in Fortune; and a paragraph in a larger article at Business Insider. Six Californias is different, it was an actual proposal that got as far as a (failed) attempt at a ballot proposition. Silicon Valley Secessionism isn't a real proposal; it's just a few people flapping their jaws. --MelanieN (talk) 21:36, 12 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete - it is a thing that exists, but has garnered very little media attention and virtually no voter interest. Bearian (talk) 17:31, 16 February 2015 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, -- Sam Sing! 18:49, 16 February 2015 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
 * Keep Silicon Valley secession seems to be genuine idea. No more fringe than a lot of secessionist movements. Liam987  (talk)  02:04, 17 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete as completely FRINGE with no evidence of the extensive coverage required by NFRINGE in contrast to the Six Californias proposal referenced above, which is drowning in mainstream RS coverage. NFRINGE makes it pretty clear that the notability bar is higher when we are talking about stand alone articles for patently FRINGE subjects. Also we cannot create articles that give equal or greater weight to a FRINGE theory or idea than to the mainstream position. Because this topic is so loony I have serious doubts it would even be possible to rewrite the article to comply with DUE and PROFRINGE due to the dearth of coverage by mainstream sources. The bottom line is that the subject fails NFRINGE and the article as written fails both DUE and PROFRINGE. -Ad Orientem (talk) 02:25, 18 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete per Ad Orientem. The only notable notion mentioned in this article is the failed Six Californias initiative, which was not about succession in any way. We already have an article about that, and should get rid of this one. Cullen328  Let's discuss it  03:04, 18 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Delete per WP:GNG. The subject has received one piece of in-depth/significant coverage in a news blog of the The Daily Telegraph. One reliable source does significant coverage from multiple secondary or tertiary sources make. Therefore, the subject does not appear to be notable as defined by GNG.--RightCowLeftCoast (talk) 03:39, 19 February 2015 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, — Coffee //  have a cup  //  beans  // 00:53, 24 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Musette

Article on musette de cour
Greetings to readers and contributors! After discussing the idea with my musette tutor, I've drafted a new article about the musette de cour – available for consultation in my user pages. Niels Grundtvig Nielsen 06:56, 21 March 2006

 * NOTE: The user page link now redirects to the Musette de cour article in Wikipedia.—Finell 00:15, 28 May 2011 (UTC)

Content
Please do not continue to remove large areas of content from this page. Thank you for this consideration. Badagnani (talk) 03:32, 9 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks for doing me the consideration of actually paying heed to the guidelines I have linked to multiple times instead of treating me as if I'm a vandal. Oh, wait--you haven't done me that consideration at all.
 * This page is a disambiguation page. It is not an article because it is about many different uses of the word "musette." It falls under the guidelines for disambiguation pages.
 * Here, I will quote for you the relevant portions of the Manual of Style so that you can ignore them here instead of ignoring the links in my edit summaries:

 * Keep in mind that the primary purpose of the disambiguation page is to help people find the information they want quickly and easily. These pages are not for exploration, but only to help the user navigate to a specific article.
 * Preface each entry with a bullet (an asterisk in wiki markup). Only entries that link, not leading lines, should have bullet points.
 * Each bulleted entry should, in almost every case, have exactly one navigable (blue) link. To avoid confusing the reader, do not wikilink any other words in the line.
 * The link should be the first word or phrase in each entry.
 * My cleanup primarily consisted of removing those entries that did not link to any article with more information about those meanings of "musette," and condensing the remaining entries to a single wikilink, so that if that is the meaning that the user is looking for, they can click on the appropriate article for more information. That is the purpose of a disambiguation page. Propaniac (talk) 12:43, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

Please restore the content, as the massive removals are damaging to our project. Badagnani (talk) 17:42, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Does the information I included above mean anything to you? Did you read it? I have no idea what your project is or how it is helped by the existence of a page with several paragraphs about different meanings of "musette," but perhaps someone else from your project could come here and actually discuss the problem instead of ignoring my objections. I'm certainly not going to say, "Oh, well, if you have some sort of undefined project that depends on the page being a mess, I'm happy to ignore all Wikipedia guidelines in that case." If you can explain to me what your problem actually is, I might be able to suggest a solution. Propaniac (talk) 17:55, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

First of all, as presented now the information about the term "musette" is wrong, incomplete, and misleading. Previously, it was complete and correct. Our first priority is to serve our users. That means presenting accurate and complete information, not depleting it to prove a WP:POINT. If you could actually address the content, and how you believe removing several instances of this term improves the article, rather than falling back on a hyperaggressive "those are the rules, live with them," it would be great. Badagnani (talk) 17:58, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Quoting myself from above:

My cleanup primarily consisted of removing those entries that did not link to any article with more information about those meanings of "musette," and condensing the remaining entries to a single wikilink, so that if that is the meaning that the user is looking for, they can click on the appropriate article for more information. That is the purpose of a disambiguation page.
 * A disambiguation page is not supposed to list several different meanings of the term (that's what a dictionary does); it is supposed to direct users to the existing Wikipedia content that discusses the usage in which they're interested. If there is no Wikipedia article that discusses a particular meaning of the term (such as the definition of "musette" as a kind of rucksack), then there's no reason for it to be included on the disambiguation page. If there IS an article discussing that meaning, then the disambiguation page only needs to include enough information so that a user looking for that meaning would know which article to click on. Including extraneous information, such as whole paragraphs about each meaning, serves no purpose and makes the page harder to use.
 * WP:POINT has absolutely nothing to do with this discussion (who would I have been trying to make this "point" TO, considering that I revised the page two months ago?).
 * The guidelines exist to maximize the usefulness and efficiency of disambiguation pages as a navigational tool; you haven't suggested how Wikipedia is improved by ignoring them in this case, or how they interfere with this project of yours. If there are factual inaccuracies in the ~20 words that currently exist on the page, feel free to correct them while maintaining the spirit of what a disambiguation page is supposed to be and do. Propaniac (talk) 18:16, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

Kindly actually address the content, and how misstating the meanings of this term, and removing several, improves this page for our users, rather than falling back on an unnecessarily hyperaggressive mode of discourse that places your reading of WP's guidelines above presenting an accurate and complete disambiguation of this term for our users. Badagnani (talk) 18:21, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I think I've answered your question. I've explained what the guidelines are, and why following them results in a better, more useful page. I'm not going to continue to repeat myself. If you require a clarification that takes into account what I've written, feel free to ask a specific question that doesn't ignore what I've already said. If you would like all guidelines and policies to be suspended so that you can make whatever edits you think are best without needing to provide justification or explanation, make a proposal at the Village Pump. But if you continue to edit this page, or any other pages that I'm aware of, without respecting the opinions of other editors (including those editors that have participated in creating the guidelines through sincere, consensus-building discussion), I'll report your behavior at WP:ANI. Propaniac (talk) 19:19, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

Kindly actually address the content, which were formerly accurate and complete, and now, after your large deletions, seriously misrepresents the term. I've read and know the guidelines well (are you implying that I am a new editor?), and your edits indicate that you are misreading them. Your hyperaggressive editing manner is not helpful to our readers, who must be paramount in our minds with all edits we make. Badagnani (talk) 00:07, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I know full well that you're not a new editor--from what I've observed, you're a very good editor until you run into any kind of disagreement with anyone. Your claim that my behavior is "hyperaggressive" is rather stunning.
 * The burden of proof is not on me to show that the guidelines should be followed; it is on you to show that this is a case where the guidelines should not be followed. You have not provided a single specific example of how the page has been made worse. For example, you could describe a hypothetical situation in which a user would encounter my version of this page and not be served as well as if he had encounted the older version. Saying over and over that the new version is inaccurate and incomplete is not a good argument to revert to the old version. If the content in the new version is inaccurate, I have explicitly invited you to correct it if you can do so without compromising the page's purpose as a disambiguation tool. As for it being complete, it only needs to be complete enough to direct the user to the articles where he or she can find the information they're looking for. If there are articles about other meanings of the word "musette," adding those would make the page more complete.
 * After all the words that have been written on this page, I'm still trying to guess what exactly your grievance is. Propaniac (talk) 13:03, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

Misrepresenting and presenting a few incorrect statements about the term "Musette," by substituting accurate information with inaccurate and partial, wrong information does not present the best disambiguation page for our users. Seeing that you don't actually address the content in a substantive manner despite having been asked several times, preferring to rely on "my interpretation of WP guidelines trump your wish to provide the best information for our readers," I will be restoring it promptly. Take a look at the diff and you'll see what the grievance is: information about the musical instruments is now stated incorrectly, and several definitions are completely gone. That is far from encyclopedic, and represent a form of intellectual malpractice, seeing as the former version of the article did present a proper disambiguation, and the current version is highly problematic, incorrect, and full of lacunae. Badagnani (talk) 20:03, 10 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I've invited you to correct inaccuracies. The information will by necessity be "partial" because the user is intended to visit the linked articles for full information. Since you have not attempted to interpret the guidelines at all in this discussion (you've simply advocated ignoring them completely), my "interpretation" is the only one of concern; I doubt you could find anyone familiar with them who thinks the previous version was a "proper disambiguation" and did not clearly and directly violate virtually every part of the guidelines with no clear benefit for doing so. Propaniac (talk) 13:42, 11 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I'm not going to back down on this and allow you to change it back to the old version, no matter how long you drag this "discussion" out by saying the same things over and over. If you don't like the current version, design a new one that meets your standards of accuracy and completeness while also accomodating the guidelines, or propose to change the guidelines so that they are all completely different, which is what would be required to make the old version acceptable. Propaniac (talk) 14:04, 11 September 2008 (UTC)

Insisting, in a hyperaggressive manner, on reverting this page from an accurate, complete disambiguation, to a fragmentary, inaccurate, and wrong version does not benefit our readers, whom we must always keep foremost in our minds. You do not have the authority to "allow" or "disallow" any other editor to undo your damage to this article and its content due to a highly problematic misreading of our Manual of Style. Please restore the blanked text. Thank you for this consideration. Badagnani (talk) 17:24, 11 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I have the right to bring the issue up at WP:ANI, as I said before, if you insist on reverting to a version that ignores the guidelines for no reason. (If I still believed that you could be inclined to follow a suggestion of mine in order to make the discussion productive and perhaps come to a compromise, I would suggest that you point out to me any specific part of the MOS that you believe I'm misreading, and how you think it should properly be interpreted. I've already quoted, above, the main portion that I feel your version violates.)
 * Seriously, I'm baffled as to what you hope to gain by just telling me over and over, "THE NEW VERSION IS INACCURATE [but I won't say what's inaccurate about it]. THE NEW VERSION IS INCOMPLETE [but I won't say what's incomplete about it]. THE NEW VERSION IS BASED ON YOUR INCORRECT INTERPRETATION OF THE GUIDELINES [but I won't say what the proper interpretation is]." Propaniac (talk) 12:42, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

It's quite simple; as stated earlier, the former version was accurate and complete in disambiguating this term. The current version (as profoundly depleted by you) is incomplete and misrepresents the subject. Wikipedia is carefully built, brick by brick, in a continuous, thoughtful, deliberate manner, by editors with interest and expertise in their particular subjects of interest, and it's just too easy for editors to dismantle such content, as has occurred here. I'll ask again, in good faith: please restore the article to its former state, then we can discuss the merits of each part of it in thoughful, collaborative manner. Thank you for your consideration in this matter. Badagnani (talk) 12:46, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

 * It's unnecessary to restore that version in order for you to justify it; I think we're both fully conscious of how to access it through the edit history. Your attitude so far hasn't given me any reason to think that you'll be interested in actually discussing it after it's restored. Feel free to post such a section-by-section defense here using the archived version (and showing how it meets the MOS).

 * Look, I don't know why I'm still punishing myself by trying to understand your motivations, but I'm pretty sure I know what your problem is with the new page, though not because you've actually expressed it. Assuming I'm right, this would have been a good way to express the problem:

There's another instrument called the musette that's separate from the two instruments currently listed on this page. The old version had information about this instrument, but the new version doesn't mention it.
 * If that is in fact your issue, my response would be that you should create an article about this third instrument at a different title, list it on the disambig page, and propose that the new article be moved at Musette and the disambig page be moved to Musette (disambiguation).
 * But maybe I'm wrong, and you really are just heartsick at the idea that Wikipedia won't be informing readers that "musette" also refers to a kind of rucksack. I certainly don't know. Propaniac (talk) 14:56, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

Your needlessly sarcastic tone is highly problematic. Kindly restore the page to its accurate version. Badagnani (talk) 17:18, 12 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I will not, as it doesn't meet guidelines. Propaniac (talk) 19:36, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

Blanking of items
Please restore the items blanked in this edit. We either endeavor to provide a proper disambiguation of this term or we don't. As an encyclopedia, we have a responsibility to our readers to actually be encyclopedic. Blanking valid and widely used meanings of this term is not helpful to our users. Badagnani (talk) 19:45, 14 October 2008 (UTC)
 * In our previous discussion, I went to ridiculous lengths for no good reason to try to find a solution that would make you satisfied that doesn't involve ignoring the entirety of the relevant guidelines for no reason. I failed. I'm unlikely to attempt that again. As I said previously, if you continue to revert in violation of the guidelines I will take the issue to ANI. Propaniac (talk) 13:31, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Musette


text:
Portal:Physical Sciencesnew/Selected picture

The Wikiversity Institute of Particle Physics is a content development project where participants create and organize learning resources related to physics. Resources under development include study guides for: Statistical mechanics, Relativity, Mathematical Methods in Physics, Quantum mechanics I, Classical mechanics, Chaos theory.


text:
Sir John Gage, 1st Baronet

Sir John Gage, 1st Baronet (died 3 October 1633) was an English baronet and landowner, and ancestor of the Viscounts Gage.

Gage was the son of Thomas Gage and Elizabeth Guilford. He married Penelope Darcy, a daughter of Thomas Darcy, 1st Earl Rivers and Mary Kitson, on 28 June 1611. They had eight children. His wife had the possession of Hengrave Hall in Suffolk which she would leave to their third son Edward. This would become the seat of his descendants, the Rokewode-Gage baronets. He was made a baronet, of Firle in Sussex in the Baronetage of England, by Charles I on 26 March 1622. He was succeeded in his title by his eldest son, Thomas. His third son, Edward, was also created a baronet. John Gage's sister Elizabeth was the mother of the English nun  Dame Gertrude More.

title: Sir John Gage, 1st Baronet


text:
Aloha, Washington

Aloha is an unincorporated community in Grays Harbor County, in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located two miles east of the Pacific Ocean at Beaver Creek in west central Grays Harbor County.

History
The community was named after the Hawaiian-language word aloha. The name may have been inspired by the song "Aloha ʻOe".

Aloha was once home to Aloha Mill & Lumber Company. It was founded by R. D. Emerson and W. H. Dole in 1905. The name, a Hawaiian greeting, was chosen by members of the Dole family, who were landowners and business people in Hawaii. In 1920, Aloha Mill & Lumber Co. successfully bid on a unit of timber near Moclips, six miles away from its mill. For the next two years the company toiled at constructing a railroad to the sale site. Heavy rains during the winter months, 25 to 30 inches a month, delayed the start of logging until the summer of 1922.

title: Aloha, Washington


text:
Loteshwar

Loteshwar is a village and an archaeological site belonging to Indus Valley civilisation located at Patan district, Gujarat, India. This site is locally also known as Khari-no-timbo and located on a high sand dune on left bank of Khari river, a tributary of Rupen river.

Ancient site
Loteshwar is recognized as ancient site occupied since sixth millennium BCE by hunter gatherer community and by fourth millennium BCE domestic animals like sheep and goat were also kept.

Excavation
Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, M.S.University, Baroda carried out excavation at Loteshwar during 1990-91. The excavation revealed two different cultural periods with Period I belonging to Monolithic culture and Period II belonging to a culture having affinity with the Harappan culture.

Period I
Period I, with 60 cm deposit on a sand dune, yielded large number of microlithic tools, flat sandstone "palettes", grinding stones and hammer stones. Tools were made of chert, jasper, agate and quartz. Two burials were also found.

Period II
Period II was represented by 80 cm deposits but deposits connected to habitation was about 20 cm to 25 cm thickness. Large number of pits (0.5 m to 2 m diameter, 0.5 m to 2 m depth) which were invariably filled ashy soil, potsherds, animal bones and other insignificant materials were found and the significance of these large number of pits is not fully understood.

Pottery collection from this site was predominated by gritty red ware and red ware, which were analogous in shape and style with similar pottery found at Nagwada and coarse redware and polychrome pottery found at Surkotada. Red ware was usually well fired and made of fine clay.

Artefacts
Bowls and pots with shades of black and red on cream/white background, coarse red ware and grey ware with incised designs, terracotta pinched type lumps, mushtika type lumps, steatite micro beads, agate beads, carnelian beads, amazonite beads etc. Terracotta objects found at this site included a figurine, bangles, clay lumps with impressions of reed etc.

Culture
The ceramics found at Loteshwar, distinct from Amri-Nal pottery, is associated with the Anarta tradition. It is of different nature from those of early Harappan period and suggest earlier pot-making activity in this area. The crested ridge technique of blade production is absent in Loteshwar. Loteshwar shows two fold cultural sequence (Mesolithic and Chalcolithic). The site has very thin Chalcolithic deposit showing about 2000 years of occupation which could be seasonal. It has several pits of varying diameter but there are no other structures. After the long time of Chalcolitic occupation, sheep and goats were introduced here.

Other findings
Other findings from Loteshwar include large amount of funeral remains in the form of skeletal remains of land animals like sheep, goat and cattle and fish as well as turtle.

Places of interest
There is a temple of Loteshvar Mahadev with a reservoir, Loteshwar Kund, in front, called pretgaya. A yearly fair, attended by about thousands of pilgrims, is held here on Phagun vad Amavasya (March - April). A bath in the pool, and certain religious ceremonies, are believed to draw out evil spirits and, at the same time, give them freedom, mukti, and absorption into the eternal Brahma.

title: Loteshwar


text:
共和

Etymology

 * Gonghe Regency
 * Traditionally interpreted as "joint harmony", as during the Gonghe regency, the Zhou Dynasty was considered to be ruled jointly by two dukes; but according to the, the Gonghe regency was ruled by a single person—the Count of Gong (共伯), whose name was He (和). This reading has been confirmed by the.

Noun

 * 1) republicanism; republic

Proper noun

 * 1)   interregnum period in Chinese history from 841 to 828

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) collaboration; cooperation; working together in harmony
 * 2) republicanism

title: 共和


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/AntiAutism Vaccine

The result was   speedy delete. WP:CSD blatant hoax. JohnCD (talk) 15:01, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

AntiAutism Vaccine

 * – ( View AfD View log  Stats )

I am virtually certain this is a hoax due to the lack of any relevant sources to be found, reliable or not; however, I am not certain enough to nominate for speedy deletion. ⁓ Hello  71  14:12, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

 * Speedy delete: blatant WP:HOAX. Contains the sentence "Is not real." Creator has now placed a speedy G7 on the article. Dai Pritchard (talk) 14:20, 9 February 2015 (UTC)


text:
erta

Etymology
From, from , from , a calque of. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  Tuesday

Etymology 1
From, from. More at.

Verb

 * 1) to irritate (cause physical discomfort to a part of the body, etc.)
 * 2) to tease, to annoy, to irritate, to provoke

Etymology 2
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (> 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) pea

Etymology 1
Feminine of.

Noun

 * 1) steep slope

Verb

 * 1) to tease

title: erta


text:
WNLC (AM)

WNLC was a radio station broadcasting at 1510 kHz AM in New London, Connecticut. It broadcast from 1936 to 1997, having been the first station established in New London, and was last owned by Hall Communications.

Early years
WNLC signed on September 13, 1936, broadcasting on 1500 kHz with 100 watts during the daytime only. The station was owned by the Thames Broadcasting Corporation and built by Daniel E. Noble, an engineer who had built WCAC, an early educational station at the University of Connecticut. The transmitter was grounded to the nearby railroad tracks. Original studios were in the Mohican Hotel with transmitter at Winthrop Point. It was the first radio station in the state east of the Connecticut River. The station maintained affiliations with the Mutual Broadcasting System and the regional Yankee and Colonial networks.

The 1938 New England hurricane slammed into New London with force. It knocked WNLC off the air for three weeks and crumpled its tower, while the storm surge battered the transmitter building and washed out the front and back walls. The station continued to operate from its studios in the Mohican Hotel, broadcasting news on the hotel's speaker. It was able to return to the air when a shortwave transmitter arrived from WOR, fed by power from the hotel; other outlets in the region also aided in restoring operations. The station was permitted to operate at night in 1939 and with 250 watts in 1940; NARBA reallocation moved it and other stations on 1500 to 1490 kHz effective March 29, 1941.

WNLC was prepared to move from the world of radio to television. Gerald J. Morey, executive of Thames, disclosed in 1952 that the station had planned for potential television facilities with an audio chain ready for television, a partly built FM radio site on Raymond Hill, and sufficient studio space. The television station, however, was never built, and in November 1956, the Federal Communications Commission ordered WNLC and others to build their television stations or lose their permits.

Instead, Morey focused on improving the WNLC AM facility, especially after WSUB (980 AM) went on the air from nearby Groton in 1957. In August 1958, it filed to move to 1510 kHz, relocate its transmitter, and broadcast with 5,000 watts; the FCC granted the application in November 1960. The frequency change cleared the way for a new station to open at Greenwich on 1490. The new facility was highly directional to the southeast, operating from an eight-tower array; four towers were used in daytime operation and six at night. A second boost took place in 1964, this time to a daytime power of 10,000 watts. WNLC got a sister FM station on December 29, 1969 when WTYD (100.9 FM) began broadcasting.

New owners, new formats
WNLC-WTYD entered into negotiations in 1975 to sell the Mercury Broadcasting Corporation based in Maryland, after nearly 40 years under the same ownership that had founded the station in 1936. The sale was triggered because 60-year old Gerald Morey, who had founded the station when he was 20, was in poor health. Thames sold the stations to Mercury the next year for $1.1 million. The FM continued with its "easy-listening" programming, while WNLC's musical programming shifted from Top 40 toward adult contemporary. One night in 1977, the station went off the air for two hours as a safety precaution while rescue workers sought to talk a 30-year old man who made a living building and painting radio towers from committing suicide by jumping off the 180 ft mast.

WNLC was sold twice in a five-year span in the 1980s. Norman Drubner, a real estate investor from Waterbury, bought it and WTYD from Mercury in 1984. Two years later, Drubner sold WNLC and WTYD to Andross Communications for $5.2 million; by this time, the AM station was airing an oldies format, with the adult contemporary music having moved to WTYD. Hall Communications of Norwich purchased the stations for $3.5 million in 1994, adding to the two stations that it already owned in Norwich.

Closure and move of WNLC to FM
In its final years of operation, WNLC aired an adult standards format, after having flipped to news/talk prior to the Hall acquisition. In late 1997, however, Hall opted to move WNLC and its standards programming to the FM band. It did so by acquiring WXZR (98.7 FM), a satellite-fed Z Rock station, for $2 million; that September, WXZR became WNLC-FM.

Hall then took the AM facility silent in an attempt to repair the eight-tower directional array at Waterford, which had been malfunctioning since a 1997 fire. The call letters on the facility were changed to WWJY. In April, Hall surrendered its nighttime operating authority, which would have left the station a daytime-only outlet using three of the eight towers. However, it never returned to operation, and it was deleted.

title: WNLC (AM)


text:
Category talk:Wikipedians who contribute to the Hindi Wikipedia

Heyday to you
Why was Heyday to you removed from this category when he was blocked indefinitely for sockpuppetry? -Cupper52 (talk) 09:24, 17 August 2020 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Storyboard Artwork Project

Suggestion
Hello! This project looks really neat...but I don't know how I can help...any tips? --HappyCamper 16:50, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Storyboard Artwork Project


text:
Roche-d'Or

Roche-d'Or is a village and former municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. Since 1. January 2009 it is a part of the new municipality Haute-Ajoie.

title: Roche-d'Or


text:
User:Arizonamichelle18

Hello. i'm arizonamichelle18. I am a 17 year old girl from North Dakota, and I am visually impaired. I was born in January 1 1998,

title: User:Arizonamichelle18


text:
User:Anna hoodie

I'm Anna, I'm a second year Film & Media and Journalism student at the University of Stirling. I have a collection of match boxes which I think is pretty cool.

title: User:Anna hoodie


text:
Fennec (climate program)

Fennec is a large-scale, international, multi-institutional, multi-platform, observational, modelling and satellite climate program in the Saharan Heat Low region (southern Algeria, eastern Morocco, Northern Mauritania, Northern Mali and Northern Niger). The Saharan Heat Low is a key component of the West African Monsoon and is the location of the largest mineral aerosol loadings on the planet in the northern summer. The inhospitable, vast area of the Heat Low has virtually no routine meteorological observations. Knowledge of the key atmospheric processes in this important region is therefore very limited and this knowledge deficit results in reduced performance of both weather and climate prediction in and well beyond the north/west African region. The Fennec project is designed to address this knowledge deficit. It is the first major climate program in the central Sahara. The ideas for Fennec, which is a British, French and German initiative, grew out of the African Multidisciplinary Monsoon Analysis (AMMA). Fennec is the project name – it is not an acronym.

Fennec goals
Broad Fennec goals include:
 * A new and definitive data set for central Sahara from aircraft, ground, model and satellite observations
 * Characterisation of thermodynamic, dynamic and compositional structure of central Sahara’s atmosphere
 * A quantitative assessment of weather prediction and climate model errors and how these can be reduced
 * The mechanisms of dust emission, transport and radiative forcing from the planet’s largest summer source

Observational programme
The Fennec observational programme included ground sites at Bordj Badji Mokhtar in Algeria, Zouerat in Mauritania as well as 8 automatic weather stations located in the remote desert in both Algeria and Mauritania. The Bordj Badji Mokhtar station is in the remote Sahara on the Mali-Algerian border. In June 2011 an array of instrumentation designed to monitor the troposphere was set up at Bordj Badi Mokhtar. The instrumentation included Lidar, sodar, 4-8 radiosondes daily, a flux tower and aerosol sampling equipment (AERONET cimel Sun photometer, nephelometer and filters). A reduced array of instruments was run on this site in June 2012. Similar equipment (sodar, flux tower, cimel photometer) ran at Zouerat in Mauritania in June 2011. Radiosondes were also released through June 2011 and June 2012 at higher frequency than the normal operational times at Tamanrasset, Tindouf and In Salah in Algeria.

Aircraft campaigns with the instrumented UK FAAM aircraft were conducted in April 2011, June 2011 and June 2012. The June 2011 campaign also included the instrumented French Falcon F20. Over 200 hours of science flights, many at low level (150 feet above the surface) were conducted as part of the Fennec campaign. The first in-situ data of the central Saharan atmosphere was captured and is currently being analysed.

Core Fennec institutions
University of Oxford (Lead Institution): Dust, aircraft and ground-based observations; contact: Professor Richard Washington (Fennec Principal Investigator)

University of Leeds: Dynamics, ground-based observations, dust, aircraft observations; contact: Professor Doug Parker

University of Sussex: Dust, ground-based observations, aircraft observations; contact: Professor Martin Todd

University of Reading: Radiation, aircraft; contact: Professor Ellie Highwood

Imperial College London: Earth Observation; contact Dr Helen Brindley

Fennec France: Aircraft, Dynamics, dust; contact: Dr Cyrille Flamant

Office National Meteorologie Algerie: ground-based observations; contact Azzedine Saci

Office National Meteorologie Mauritania: ground-based observations; contact Mohamed Bechir

Met Office: aircraft, numerical modelling and forecast products

Additional partners include: FAAM; SAFIRE; Paola Formenti (LISA); Vanderlei Martins (UMBC); DMN Maroc, contact Noureddine Filali; Harald Sodemann (ETH Zurich); Andreas Fink (ground-based obs in Morocco); Goran Pejanovic (SEEVCCC); Slobodan Nickovic (WMO)

The project was funded by the Natural Environmental Research Council and CNRS (France) with an additional contribution from ONM Algerie.

title: Fennec (climate program)


text:
GENtle/Sequence map

The sequence map is used by most GENtle modules. It shows sequences of DNA or amino acids, as well as primers, features, restriction sites and more. The basic behaviour, however, is always similar.

Clicks
A double click usuaqlly opens the editor for the sequence.

Context menu
The available functions in the context menu vary with the module the sequence map is used in, its state, and selection.

Keys
The whole sequence can be marked by Ctrl-A. The ../Find/ dialog can be invoked by Ctrl-F. Both functions can also be called upon through a menu.

In the DNA and PCR modules, the amino acid reading frame can be toggled by keys like this:
 * Ctrl-1 = reading frame 1
 * Ctrl-2 = reading frame 2
 * Ctrl-3 = reading frame 3
 * Ctrl-4 = reading frame 1, complementary strand
 * Ctrl-5 = reading frame 2, complementary strand
 * Ctrl-6 = reading frame 3, complementary strand
 * <tt>Ctrl-7</tt> = all reading frames, one-letter code
 * <tt>Ctrl-8</tt> = known reading frames only (from the features)
 * <tt>Ctrl-0</tt> = hide amino acids
 * <tt>Ctrl-W</tt> = three-letter code (not when displaying all reading frames)
 * <tt>Ctrl-Q</tt> = one-letter code

Edit mode
Display and edit mode can be toggled by <tt>F2</tt> or the toolbar. During editing, the sequence display is maximized, and the DNA map is hidden, improving ease of edit. Depending on the current module, only some keys are allowed (in the DNA module, "A", "C", "G", and "T") by default; any other key will trigger a request to allow all keys for that sequence, for that session. The cursor can be moved similar to that in a text editor. Insert and overwrite mode can be toggled, except for some modules like PCR or Sequencing, where overwrite mode is mandatory. In these modules, backspace and delete are diasbeled as well.

When editing a primer in PCR mode, the "<tt>.</tt>" key copies the base at the current position from the 3'→5' or 5'→3' sequence, respectively.

Horizontal mode
In some modules, the sequence display can be toggled to horizontal. This can enhance visibility. Printing, however, is always done in standard ("vertical") mode.

title: GENtle/Sequence map


text:
Andrew Douglas (rugby union)

Andrew Douglas is a New Zealand rugby union coach and the former head coach of Old Glory DC of Major League Rugby (MLR).

He is currently the head coach of the Hong Kong national team.

Professional rugby career
Douglas has been involved in coaching in Oceania, North America, Europe and Asia with previous positions including both assistant coaching and head coaching assignments with the New Zealand Schools, coaching at under-19 level within the Waikato Rugby Union, and as assistant coach to their senior representative squad, including in the Mitre 10 Cup competition, and as a consultant with Super Rugby side, the Chiefs.

On 31 May 2017, Italian side Biella Rugby Club announced that Andrew Douglas was their new coach for their 2017-18 season. In Piedmont, Douglas guided Biella to promotion into Serie A in 2018. On 14 May 2018, just days after achieving promotion, he announced that he was leaving to take up a role as Attacking and Backs Coach for the Toyota Shuttles of Japan's Top League, whom he joined for the 2018 season.

On 9 May 2019, newly created Major League Rugby outfit Old Glory DC announced that Douglas was hired as their coach for their inaugural 2019 season. With the team not expected to join MLR until the 2020 season, a series of exhibition games were arranged, with the New Zealander intended as being Head Coach for the duration. With Douglas at the helm, the team faced Ireland's Shannon, the Scotland U20s, Canada's Ontario Blues and the USA Rugby South Panthers respectively. While Old Glory lost the first two of these games, the campaign ultimately ended in a 2-2 record.

On 20 September 2019, Old Glory announced that Douglas had been hired as permanent Head Coach for the 2020 season with a contract running until 2021. On 29 March 2022, Old Glory announced that Douglas is departing from the organization.

In August 2023, Douglas was appointed Head of Technical and Elite Coaching at Hong Kong China Rugby, Hong Kong.

title: Andrew Douglas (rugby union)


text:
Japanese/Vocabulary/Onomatopoeia

An onomatopoeia (オノマトペ) is a word or group of words in a language which have their meaning indicated by the sounds they mimic. Examples of English onomatopoeia include "meow", "roar", "buzz", "boom", "snap", "bang", and so on. In general, the Japanese word to refer to this concept is giseigo (擬声語).

However, Japanese not only contains words for sound effects, but also what is termed "Japanese sound symbolism" - basically, onomatopoeia describing things that don't actually make sounds. Officially, the former is called giongo (擬音語) and the latter gitaigo (擬態語). (Giseigo is an umbrella term that refers to both of these)

Giongo
擬音語 giongo are words which describe a sound. Most giongo are written in katakana. Some examples are:

Gitaigo
擬態語 gitaigo are words that describe an action, state, or emotion by an associated sound. They are typically written in hiragana. Some examples are:

.

Note on katakana vs. hiragana writings
In a typical style of Japanese writing giongo are written in katakana, while gitaigo are written in hiragana. However, this rule is not always observed. There are subtle nuances involved if you were to write one of these words in hiragana vs. katakana - katakana gives a kind of "harder" tone, while hiragana is "softer". Often, it is the author's discretion which to use.

Japonais/Vocabulaire/Onomatopées

title: Japanese/Vocabulary/Onomatopoeia