{"also_reported": [{"as_of": "2026-08-18", "field": "holographic_wills", "source": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB&sectionNum=6111", "source_quote": "(a) A will that does not comply with Section 6110 is valid as a holographic will, whether or not witnessed, if the signature and the material provisions are in the handwriting of the testator.", "value": "valid as a holographic will, whether or not witnessed, if the signature and the material provisions are in the handwriting of the testator"}], "derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "disagreements": [], "id": "california", "source": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB&sectionNum=6110", "source_quote": "(c) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the will shall be witnessed by being signed, during the testator’s lifetime, by at least two persons each of whom (A) being present at the same time, witnessed either the signing of the will or the testator’s acknowledgment of the signature or of the will and (B) understand that the instrument they sign is the testator’s will. (2) If a will was not executed in compliance with paragraph (1), the will shall be treated as if it was executed in compliance with that paragraph if the proponent of the will establishes by clear and convincing evidence that, at the time the testator signed the will, the testator intended the will to constitute the testator’s will.", "state": "California", "statute_citation": "Cal. Prob. Code § 6110", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/california/", "verified_fields": ["state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "witnessed by being signed, during the testator’s lifetime, by at least two persons each of whom (A) being present at the same time, witnessed either the signing of the will or the testator’s acknowledgment of the signature or of the will and (B) understand that the instrument they sign is the testator’s will"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "holographic_wills": "A will that does not comply with subsection (1) of this section is valid as a holographic will, whether or not witnessed, if the signature and material portions of the document are in the testator's handwriting.", "id": "colorado", "notarization_rule": "Acknowledged by the testator before a notary public or other individual authorized by law to take acknowledgments", "source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/co/title-15-probate-trusts-and-fiduciaries/co-rev-st-sect-15-11-502/", "source_quote": "(I) Signed by at least two individuals, either prior to or after the testator's death, each of whom signed within a reasonable time after he or she witnessed either the testator's signing of the will as described in paragraph (b) of this subsection (1) or the testator's acknowledgment of that signature or acknowledgment of the will; or (II) Acknowledged by the testator before a notary public or other individual authorized by law to take acknowledgments.", "state": "Colorado", "statute_citation": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 15-11-502", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/colorado/", "verified_fields": ["holographic_wills", "notarization_rule", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "Signed by at least two individuals, either prior to or after the testator's death"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "holographic_wills": "Any will, other than a holographic or nuncupative will, executed by a nonresident of Florida, either before or after this law takes effect, is valid as a will in this state if valid under the laws of the state or country where the will was executed. A will in the testator’s handwriting that has been executed in accordance with subsection (1) shall not be considered a holographic will.", "id": "florida", "source": "http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0700-0799/0732/Sections/0732.502.html", "source_quote": "Witnesses. — The testator’s: 1.  Signing, or 2.  Acknowledgment: a.  That he or she has previously signed the will, or b.  That another person has subscribed the testator’s name to it, must be in the presence of at least two attesting witnesses. (c)  Witnesses’ signatures. — The attesting witnesses must sign the will in the presence of the testator and in the presence of each other.", "state": "Florida", "statute_citation": "Fla. Stat. § 732.502", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/florida/", "verified_fields": ["holographic_wills", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "at least two attesting witnesses"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "id": "illinois", "source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/il/chapter-755-estates/il-st-sect-755-5-4-3/", "source_quote": "Every will shall be in writing, signed by the testator or by some person in his presence and by his direction and attested in the presence of the testator by 2 or more credible witnesses.", "state": "Illinois", "statute_citation": "755 ILCS 5/4-3", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/illinois/", "verified_fields": ["state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "attested in the presence of the testator by 2 or more credible witnesses"}
{"also_reported": [{"as_of": "2026-08-18", "field": "holographic_wills", "source": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=108900", "source_quote": "An olographic testament is one entirely written, dated, and signed in the handwriting of the testator. The olographic testament is subject to no other requirement as to form.", "value": "An olographic testament is one entirely written, dated, and signed in the handwriting of the testator. The olographic testament is subject to no other requirement as to form."}], "derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "disagreements": [], "id": "louisiana", "notarization_rule": "executed before a notary public in the presence of two witnesses", "source": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=108901", "source_quote": "The notarial testament shall be prepared in writing, dated, executed before a notary public in the presence of two witnesses, and signed by the testator, each witness, and the notary.", "state": "Louisiana", "statute_citation": "La. Civ. Code art. 1576", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/louisiana/", "verified_fields": ["notarization_rule", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "executed before a notary public in the presence of two witnesses, and signed by the testator, each witness, and the notary"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "id": "minnesota", "source": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/524.2-502", "source_quote": "signed by at least two individuals, each of whom signed within a reasonable time after witnessing either the signing of the will as described in clause (2) or the testator's acknowledgment of that signature or acknowledgment of the will.", "state": "Minnesota", "statute_citation": "Minn. Stat. § 524.2-502", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/minnesota/", "verified_fields": ["state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "signed by at least two individuals, each of whom signed within a reasonable time after witnessing either the signing of the will"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "electronic_wills": "Every person of sound mind over the age of 18 years may, by last electronic will, dispose of all of his or her estate, real and personal", "holographic_wills": "A holographic will is a will in which the signature, date and material provisions are written by the hand of the testator, whether or not it is witnessed or notarized.", "id": "nevada", "self_proving_affidavit": "Any attesting witness to a will, including, without limitation, an electronic will, may sign a declaration under penalty of perjury or an affidavit before any person authorized to administer oaths in or out of the State, stating such facts as the witness would be required to testify to in court to prove the will.", "source": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-133.html", "source_quote": "No will executed in this State, except such electronic wills or holographic wills as are mentioned in this chapter, is valid unless it is in writing and signed by the testator, or by an attending person at the testator�s express direction, and attested by at least two competent witnesses who subscribe their names to the will in the presence of the testator.", "state": "Nevada", "statute_citation": "NRS 133.040, 133.050, 133.085, 133.090", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/nevada/", "verified_fields": ["electronic_wills", "holographic_wills", "self_proving_affidavit", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "attested by at least two competent witnesses who subscribe their names to the will in the presence of the testator"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "holographic_wills": "A will that does not comply with subsection 1 is valid as a holographic will, whether or not witnessed, if the signature and material portions of the document are in the testator's handwriting.", "id": "north-dakota", "notarization_rule": "Acknowledged by the testator before a notary public or other individual authorized by law to take acknowledgments", "source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/nd/title-30-1-uniform-probate-code/nd-cent-code-sect-30-1-08-02/", "source_quote": "(1) By at least two individuals, each of whom signed within a reasonable time after witnessing either the signing of the will as described in subdivision b or the testator's acknowledgment of that signature or acknowledgment of the will; or (2) Acknowledged by the testator before a notary public or other individual authorized by law to take acknowledgments.", "state": "North Dakota", "statute_citation": "N.D. Cent. Code § 30.1-08-02", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/north-dakota/", "verified_fields": ["holographic_wills", "notarization_rule", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "By at least two individuals, each of whom signed within a reasonable time after witnessing either the signing of the will"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "holographic_wills": "a will may be handwritten or typewritten, but every will shall be attested and subscribed in the conscious presence of the testator by two or more competent witnesses; no unwitnessed exception is stated in this section", "id": "ohio", "source": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2107.03", "source_quote": "Except oral wills, every will shall be in writing, but may be handwritten or typewritten. The will shall be signed at the end by the testator or by some other person in the testator's conscious presence and at the testator's express direction. The will shall be attested and subscribed in the conscious presence of the testator, by two or more competent witnesses, who saw the testator subscribe, or heard the testator acknowledge the testator's signature.", "state": "Ohio", "statute_citation": "Ohio Rev. Code § 2107.03", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/ohio/", "verified_fields": ["holographic_wills", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "attested and subscribed in the conscious presence of the testator, by two or more competent witnesses, who saw the testator subscribe, or heard the testator acknowledge the testator's signature"}
{"also_reported": [{"as_of": "2026-08-18", "field": "holographic_wills", "source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/tx/estates-code/est-sect-251-052/", "source_quote": "a will written wholly in the testator's handwriting is not required to be attested by subscribing witnesses.", "value": "a will written wholly in the testator's handwriting is not required to be attested by subscribing witnesses"}], "derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "disagreements": [], "id": "texas", "source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/tx/estates-code/est-sect-251-051/", "source_quote": "attested by two or more credible witnesses who are at least 14 years of age and who subscribe their names to the will in their own handwriting in the testator's presence.", "state": "Texas", "statute_citation": "Tex. Est. Code § 251.051", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/texas/", "verified_fields": ["state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "attested by two or more credible witnesses who are at least 14 years of age"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "holographic_wills": "A will wholly in the testator's handwriting is valid without further requirements, provided that the fact that a will is wholly in the testator's handwriting and signed by the testator is proved by at least two disinterested witnesses.", "id": "virginia", "source": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title64.2/section64.2-403/", "source_quote": "A will not wholly in the testator's handwriting is not valid unless the signature of the testator is made, or the will is acknowledged by the testator, in the presence of at least two competent witnesses who are present at the same time and who subscribe the will in the presence of the testator.", "state": "Virginia", "statute_citation": "Va. Code § 64.2-403", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/virginia/", "verified_fields": ["holographic_wills", "state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "in the presence of at least two competent witnesses who are present at the same time and who subscribe the will in the presence of the testator"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "id": "washington", "source": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=11.12.020", "source_quote": "every will shall be in writing signed by the testator or by some other person under the testator's direction in the testator's presence or electronic presence, and shall be attested by two or more competent witnesses, by subscribing their names to the will", "state": "Washington", "statute_citation": "RCW 11.12.020", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/washington/", "verified_fields": ["state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "attested by two or more competent witnesses, by subscribing their names to the will"}
{"derived_fields": ["statute_citation"], "id": "wisconsin", "source": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/853.03", "source_quote": "It must be signed by at least 2 witnesses who signed within a reasonable time after any of the following:", "state": "Wisconsin", "statute_citation": "Wis. Stat. § 853.03", "url": "https://referencesource.org/will-execution-requirements-by-state/wisconsin/", "verified_fields": ["state", "witnesses_required"], "witnesses_required": "signed by at least 2 witnesses who signed within a reasonable time"}