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Long-term data that utilise standardised and structured methodologies are ideal for quantifying change in bird populations. With increasing interest in quantifying the drivers of biodiversity responses to climate change and other forms of environmental change, the perspective that comparisons with older datasets provid...
Tombusvirus-like associated RNAs (tlaRNAs) are autonomously replicating + ssRNAs of about 2.8 kb that are most closely related to viruses of the family *Tombusviridae*. Encoding only an RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) which enables their independent replication, tlaRNAs rely on one or more co-infecting viruses, typ...
Biobased and biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have attracted a recent interest in the scientific community based on their properties, which are very similar to those of conventional plastics such as polypropylene or polystyrene. To date, more than 55 species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have be...
The clinical picture of pulmonary artery embolism secondary to deep vein thrombosis falls under the term venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE is a common cardiovascular event with increasing incidence. The fact that acute pulmonary artery embolisms (PE) may be asymptomatic or show only non-specific symptoms is a challenge...
Breast cancer (BC) is currently recognized as one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in the worldwide, and it is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. According to data from GLOBOCAN 2020, approximately 2.3 million new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed worldwide. In addition to it...
1. Introduction Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) in the last two decades has been largely applied to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of low molecular weight compounds (LMWC). However, some major drawbacks persist as (i) the variability of signal intensities and resolu...
The binding of a transcription factor to a regulatory region (*e.g*., gene promoter) perturbs the expression of the gene. ChIP experiments identify potential binding sites. However, these experiments produce hundreds or thousands of peaks for most factors. Therefore, methods that determine which of these binding sites ...
Eukaryotic gene expression relies on accurate and timely splicing of pre-mRNA transcripts by the spliceosome. The spliceosome is an RNA-protein complex that assembles anew on each intron and proceeds through a litany of compositional and conformational changes as it executes the reactions necessary to remove the intron...
There is a sudden reawakening of interest in using subanaesthetic concentrations of N~2~O in psychiatry. Thus, we need answers to these questions. Particularly, as research has already shown the greater safety and wider usefulness of correctly titrated subanaesthetic N~2~O for psychiatry. The technique recently advocat...
Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease in humans caused by the incidental ingestion of *Anisakis* larvae, which are present in fresh fish and squid. When the larvae stick to the gastrointestinal membrane and cause various kinds of symptoms, the status is termed as anisakiasis. According to the location where the *Anisakis*...
Eukaryotic genomics has overwhelmingly focused on multicellular organisms, in spite of the staggering diversity of unicellular eukaryotes. When unicellular eukaryotes are studied, it is still mostly in connection to human health or economic interests. One of the most prominent examples of this limited and biased sampli...
Of the 625,000 and 619,000 deaths caused by malaria in 2020 and 2021, respectively, 76% were children under 5 years old, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. The 2020 peak represents 57,000 more deaths than in 2019, a 10% increase in mortality that has been attributed to disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Malaria is...
1. Introduction Breast cancer-related lymphedema is a common complication following breast cancer treatment, which severely affects patients' quality of life. The treatment of lymphedema has always been difficult. This may be because, when most patients are diagnosed with lymphedema, the lymphedema is already serious, ...
During volitional object manipulation, haptic sensations (proprioceptive, kinesthetic, and tactile) from the biological limb are used to make grasp corrections and update internal feedforward models of the object and environment. This model refinement helps improve the speed and dexterity of subsequent manipulations, s...
1 Introduction Chemical neurotransmission is terminated by two fundamentally distinct mechanisms that remove active neurotransmitters from the extracellular space: enzymatic extracellular degradation and transmembrane cellular uptake, respectively. Drugs that target either of these two diverging mechanisms exert pronou...
All relevant data files are publicly available from the National Agriculture Library "Ag Data Commons" database. The true fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) comprise over 4,000 species, approximately 250 of which are serious agricultural pests of fleshy fruits and vegetables Established tephritid pests are commonly con...
In German mythology, there is a story of a water nymph named Ondine, who falls in love with a mortal. When she discovers that he has been unfaithful to her, she curses him to stop breathing should he ever go to sleep. The myth of "Ondine's curse" has made its way into modern medicine by way of a disorder called congeni...
1. Introduction Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells that are known for their angiogenic properties, plasticity, and multipotent ability to differentiate into different cell lineages, such as chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic. Mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained from various sites, su...
1. Introduction The epithelial--mesenchymal transition (EMT) stands out as one of the main molecular processes that drive cancer progression by facilitating cell migration, metabolic reprogramming, and interactions between the tumor and immune system. EMT has been traditionally regarded as a binary transition between a...
To the editor Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly patients, and coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common concomitant diseases in this population. AML patients with severe CHD are extremely challenging for clinicians, moreover, there is no clinical experience to follow for...
There is a global trend of increased usage of health questionnaires (scales), both in population health surveys and in health care systems, as patient-reported measures. In multipurpose surveys with a need to use several scales on different issues, such as psychosocial factors and health status, these surveys tend to b...
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecologic malignancies. Surgery with complete residual tumor removal (R0 resection) is the recommended treatment and has the greatest prognostic impact. To obtain complete cytoreduction, patients with advanced ovarian cancer often undergo en bloc rectosigmoid resection with to...
Autism is a lifelong, complex, early onset condition that affects brain development and behaviour, characterised by difficulties in social communication, restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities, and sensory issues, which have significant consequences in daily life. Its prevalence has s...
As of 1 January 2022 and prior to the current surge driven by the Omicron variant, India reported over 35 million cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), second only to the United States. India's official cumulative COVID death count of 0.48 million implies a COVID death rate of ~345 per ...
The photochemistry of microbial retinal proteins (MRPs) has fascinated photobiologists since their discovery nearly 50 years ago. Aside from its ultrafast nature, how pigment spectral tuning and/or biological tasks impact photoisomerization dynamics and quantum efficiency and how this process sets the stage for signifi...
Jiang Du and Yefang Diao contributed equally and should be considered as co‐first author. Liaoning Province is located in the North East of the People's Republic of China. In Chinese, it is known as "the Golden Triangle" because of its strategic location. Liaoning Province was established around 1907 with the name "Fen...
Attainment of universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services including family planning and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) SDG 3 and 5 requires deliberate and concerted policy efforts. Thus, addressing factors and challenges such as sexual and reproductive health issues, unintended...
1. Introduction Wheat is the most important cereal crop in the world, with a total acreage of 217 million hectares globally, and acts as a major source of nutrition and caloric intake. According to an estimate by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the world will require an extra 100 million tons of wheat (~84...
Bruxism is a frequently-occurring and common bad habit in stomatology. Compared with the bite force in physiological state, it is greater significantly, lasts for a longer time and has no rhythm in bruxism patients during grinding, which will bring obvious damage to the dental hard tissue, periodontal tissue, implant, ...
1. Introduction Fungicides have been widely used for controlling the disease caused by plant pathogens. However, the developed resistance of plant-pathogenic fungi to currently commercial fungicides has shown great threat to the production and quality of plants, which lead to the exploration of novel antifungal agents....
Interpersonal Communication (IPC) is a face-to-face interaction that shares information, meanings, and feelings among individuals, verbally and non-verbally. Even though we focus more on verbal communication, it has been identified that more than 60% of human communication is done non-verbally. A specific set of verbal...
1. Introduction After more than one year into the COVID-19 pandemic, experts and policymakers across the world are expressing increasing concern about the psychological and emotional toll that the spread of the coronavirus disease and the consequent restrictions to mobility have imposed on populations in the most heavi...
All relevant data are contained within the paper, Supporting Information files, NCBI BioProject number PRJNA1007602 or on Dryad:. Endosymbiotic bacteria have evolved diverse strategies for infecting and manipulating host populations which are now being leveraged for biological control applications Many of these bacteri...
J. Yin, Z. Rao, D. Wu, H. Lv, H. Ma, T. Long, J. Kang, Q. Wang, Y. Wang, R. Su, Interpretable Predicting Creep Rupture Life of Superalloys: Enhanced by Domain‐Specific Knowledge. Adv. Sci. 2024, 11, 2307982. 10.1002/advs.202307982 Due to exceptional properties at high temperatures, Ni‐based wrought superalloys have bec...
1. Introduction According to the Korea Institute for Health Promotion and Development, Korea's decayed--missing--filled teeth is improving. However, the average of Korea (1.8) is still higher than the OECD average (1.2), and the decrease in dental caries experience is lower than expected. Since dental caries cannot be ...
Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary but not a sufficient cause of cervical cancer. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection, and 75% of sexually active women will become infected in life. In Danish women, the prevalence of HPV is highest at age 20--23 years (46%) and decreasing to t...
Zou X‐L, Yang H‐L, Ding W‐W, Li H‐K, Zhou Y‐Q, Zhang T‐T. Down‐expression of Foxj1 on airway epithelium with impaired cilia architecture in non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis implies disease severity. Clin Respir J. 2023;17(5):405‐413. doi:10.1111/crj.13605 Yu‐Qi Zhou and Tian‐Tuo Zhang contributed to this work as corr...
1. Introduction Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have the ability to miniaturize the photonic components and overcome the classical diffraction limit with scales smaller than the light-line. The mentioned properties have made SPPs promising in huge potential applications of super-resolution imaging, bio-sensing, and n...
: autosomal dominant : autosomal recessive : palmoplantar keratoderma Cardiocutaneous syndromes, characterized by a triad of cardiomyopathy, palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK), and woolly hair, have been linked to desmosomal gene mutations. Carvajal syndrome represents one such disorder that is classically caused by autoso...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multi-factorial neurodegenerative disorder with a hidden onset that affects more than 50 million people worldwide. AD is the leading cause of mortality in dementia and due to its non-curable reality based on current medical development status, it has brought extreme economic burden...
1. Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) is the occurrence of involuntary loss of urine. It affects up to 25% of women aged 14--21 years; 30--57% of middle-aged and post-menopausal women; and 75% of elderly women aged ≥75. UI has profound effects on quality of life, physical and psychological well-being, and socio-eco...
Handling Editors: Laura Bennet & Eleonora Grandi The peer review history is available in the Supporting Information section of this article (https://doi.org/10.1113/JP283085#support‐information‐section). Introduction and background Voltage‐gated sodium channels are critical to action potential generation and propagatio...
Antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) is widely used for several types of pregnancy disorders, including preparing the fetal lung for impending preterm birth, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, multiple pregnancies, and placenta previa, but animal and human studies link corticosteroids to smaller birth size and suppressi...
Schorr RA, Siemers JL. Population dynamics of little brown bats (*Myotis lucifugus*) at summer roosts: Apparent survival, fidelity, abundance, and the influence of winter conditions. Ecol Evol. 2021;11:7427--7438. 10.1002/ece3.7573 Informed management and conservation of wildlife populations necessitate understanding t...
Cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) including obesity, hypertension, dysglycaemia, and dyslipidemia are among the main risk factors based on the latest global burden of disease report. Resulting in tremendous expenses and a significant amount of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Thus preventive measures to reduce the...
1. Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major contributor to the burden of infectious diseases worldwide. Approximately 250 million of the world population are chronic carriers of HBV. In highly endemic regions, including Africa, the Amazon Basin, and Central and Southeast Asia, the prevalence of HBV is estimated ...
- Anesthetic management in IgA deficiency is challenging. - Anaphylactoid reactions following blood transfusion in individuals with IgA deficiency are rare but serious events that require prompt recognition, appropriate management and trated quickly. - During the transfusion, it is important that the patient is monitor...
Systemic amyloidosis represents rare conditions in which the gradual extracellular accumulation of insoluble fibrillar proteins disrupts the structure of the affected tissues and causes organ impairment. Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) commonly affects the heart. The amyloid deposits cause an increase in ventricular w...
1. Background The development of laryngeal carcinoma (LC) has increased recently and is the second most common malignant tumor of the head and neck. It is the sixth most common tumor worldwide, with a five-year survival rate of approximately 50%. Despite advances in treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemot...
1. Introduction Hydrotalcite and Hydrotalcite-Like Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nano sheets have attracted significant attention due to their potential application in different domains of photochemistry, catalysis, polymerization, electrochemistry, environmental science, and biomedical applications. LDHs are synthe...
Seagrasses are marine flowering plants, found on all continents except Antarctica. Seagrass beds play a vital role in the ecosystem acting as one of the major primary producers with high productivity. Seagrasses provide multiple ecosystem services, including coastal protection, improved water quality through the uptake...
1. Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that includes motor and nonmotor symptoms, such as dementia, sleep disorders, autonomic dysfunction, sensory, and psychiatric symptoms. It has been recognized that PD is highly heterogeneous, regarding clinical presentation and progression...
Despite being an intimate and fundamental feature of human psychology, the subjective experience of time remains poorly understood. Whether crossing the road, watching the clock during a meeting, anticipating when to take medication, or planning an upcoming appointment, everyday adaptive functioning relies on dependabl...
*Streptococcus mutans* is a commensal bacterium in the oral cavity. *S. mutans* is known to be a major cariogenic bacterium, especially for smooth surface caries, because *S. mutans* produces glucosyltransferases, which mediate the synthesis of exopolysaccharides called glucans, which are essential for dental plaque fo...
Fructose is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in fruits and vegetables. It is also present in processed foods and drinks. Since the 1970s, fructose consumption has been steadily increasing. Daily consumption in the United States has climbed from 16-20 g to 60-150 g in recent years. Consumption of a high fructo...
Siegfried TR, Fuentes MMPB, Ware M, et al. Validating the use of stereo‐video cameras to conduct remote measurements of sea turtles. Ecol Evol. 2021;11:8226--8237. 10.1002/ece3.7653 This work was supported by Sigma XI grant, the University of West Florida (UWF) Hal Marcus College of Science and Engineering research gra...
Significance Statement Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in behaviors linked to the hippocampus, including social behavior. We used a conditional transgenic mouse line to reduce adult-born neurons and explored social memory and social dominance hierarchy formation. We found that mice with reduced numbe...
The unchecked growth of breast cells is the hallmark of Breast Cancer (BC). In 2020, there were over 2 million cases of BC reported worldwide, making it the most common type of cancer. Breast cancer usually starts in the breast tissue around the lobules that transport milk to the nipple. Both men and women can develop ...
An increasing malignancy worldwide, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) comprises 90% of all head and neck cancers. The primary subtype of HNSCs is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most common cancers worldwide. Statistics for oral cancer are unreliable compared to other cancers because half of ...
On 21st February 2020 several cases of Covid-19 disease emerged in a specific area of Lombardy in Italy. In the following days, the infection spread within the North of the country. On Monday 9th March the entire country was declared "protected area" and in the "lockdown" condition. Particularly, the following rule was...
Medication is an important element of patient care and treatment of many diseases that requires constant review and optimization. Polypharmacy is defined as taking five or more medications daily. While the global prevalence of polypharmacy varies from country to country, it has been found to be as high as 90% in the ol...
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic mental illness involving thinking, emotions, and behavior dysfunctions, resulting in impaired perception, social withdrawal, and loss of touch with reality. Individuals with schizophrenia often experience hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and abnormal movements or behavi...
In Japan, physicians in public health administration agencies (public health physicians: PHP), including public health centers and public health departments in the local or national government, play important roles in public health. Public health centers operate under the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) o...
**Learning Outcomes**: As a result of this activity, the reader will be able to: - Describe the characteristics of abductor laryngeal dystonia. - Summarize the potential benefits of intensive vocal intervention in the treatment of abductor laryngeal dystonia. - Discuss the potential value in applying LSVT LOUD to the t...
1. Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been recognized as one of the most significant threats to the health of people and food-producing animals. The report from the World Health Organization (WHO) on AMR indicates that resistance of common bacteria has reached alarming levels in many parts of the world. Fo...
Strengths and limitations of this study - We used controlled interrupted time series models with confounder adjustment to estimate the effect of the intervention distinct from any background changes and independent of other time-varying factors. - Model validity was bolstered by using a relatively long time series with...
*Klebsiella pneumoniae* (*K. pneumoniae*) is a gram-negative bacteria that is commonly encountered in the healthcare setting and responsible for almost 10% of all hospital-acquired infections in the United States. *K. pneumoniae* typically cause pneumonia and urinary tract infections, although a more invasive disease c...
Skin cancer is the most frequent in Brazil and accounts for about 30% of all recorded malignant tumors. It has high cure rates if detected early but can result in significant morbidity, if not correctly diagnosed and treated, especially in tumors with more aggressive and infiltrative histopathological types., Mohs micr...
Day surgery under general anesthesia has been associated with a shortened hospital stay and earlier mobilization. All commonly-used intravenous (IV) anesthetics currently, including propofol and midazolam, have their respective advantages and disadvantages. Propofol is the most frequently used IV anesthetic for day sur...
Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are rare tumors with an incidence of 0.5-2 cases per one million population per year and constitute 0.05-0.2% of all malignancies. There is a bimodal age distribution with peaks in the first decade and in the fifth decade of life. ACCs develop somewhat more common in women than men in mo...
Tumor immune surveillance is an important protective mechanism by which the immune system monitors, recognizes and eliminates precancerous and/or cancerous cells in the body. Nonetheless, tumors exploit cancer immunoediting and immune-tolerance mechanisms to escape immune surveillance and thus continue tumor developmen...
Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) is a group of malignant clonal diseases that originate from the myeloid stem and progenitor cells and are highly heterogeneous in immunophenotype, cytogenetics, and molecular genetics. It's the most common acute leukemia in adults (~80% in this group), and the proportion of pediatric pat...
1 Introduction Changes in the intracellular Ca^2+^ concentration ([Ca^2+^]~i~) control a wide array of functions across the phylogenetic tree, ranging from proliferation to apoptosis. The endothelium is a monolayer of interconnected cells that form the innermost layer of blood vessels and is in direct contact with bloo...
1. Introduction Stroke is the second most common cause of death and a leading cause of long-term disability among middle-aged and elderly adults worldwide. An epidemiological study reported that 70--80% of stroke survivors develop functional disabilities. Chronic paralysis and motor control deficits contribute to signi...
1. Introduction European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend the implementation of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for 12 months, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), beta-blockers and statins in patients after myocardial infarction (MI). Non-adherence to post-...
According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), pain is defined as a negative sensory and emotional experience that occurs when there is actual or potential damage to tissues or when it is described in terms of such damage. The experience of pain is a complex phenomenon. Initially, nociception ...
1. Introduction The movement of the foot during ankle plantarflexion is amplified compared with the shortening of the plantarflexor muscles. This amplification translating the muscle fascicle shortening into joint action, termed as a "gain", is calculated as the ratio of the magnitude of the calcaneus movement to that ...
Obesity is defined as a disproportionate body weight for height with an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, which has affected over 640 million population around the world and caused a great burden on society. According to the classification of the World Health Organization, individuals are classified as obese wh...
To face the multiple challenges within our health care system, the secondary use of health data holds multiple advantages: it could increase patient safety, provide insights into person-centered care, and foster innovation and clinical research. To maximize these benefits, the health care ecosystem is investing rapidly...
Soft robots inspired by biological systems with excellent agility, adaptability and safety have shown great potential in search-and-rescue, safe human-machine interaction, and biomedical applications. Their capabilities of deformation and locomotion are dominantly determined by soft actuators which remain the main bott...
The Apollo and Luna missions, which returned approximately 380 kg of lunar rock and soil samples, have formed the basis for many studies regarding crustal evolution and magmatism on the Moon. However, these samples were collected at broadly equatorial regions of the nearside of the Moon.^,)^ Remote sensing data show th...
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for an estimated 60--80% of cases. It is characterized by progressive decline in memory, language function, orientation, and executive function, etc. AD is a continuous disease process, divided into preclinical, prodromal, and overt dementia. Besid...
1. Introduction The introduction of checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) marked a paradigm shift in the therapy of a variety of advanced solid tumors. In recent years, CPIs were successfully implemented as first-line options for many non-gynecologic malignancies, such as malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ...
Congenital syphilis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. In 80% of the cases, it is acquired through vertical transmission via the transplacental route from syphilis-infected pregnant women, or through contact of the newborn with the transmitting agent within the birth canal, considering...
Data are available on the Open Science Framework repository. Time is a highly important dimension for the auditory system: two short auditory stimuli (clicks) can be distinguished even if they are only presented 2 ms apart--in contrast to vision, where this "fusion threshold" is ~ 20 ms Rhythm is particularly crucial w...
The risk of maternal morbidity and mortality is of public concern worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that about 830 women die daily from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. High-risk pregnancies are those with factors associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality of pre...
1. Introduction Atlantic salmon (*Salmo salar* L.) aquaculture is a large and growing food industry. In aquaculture worldwide, disease outbreaks are a limiting factor for ethical and economically sustainable production. One of the most severe diseases in fish farming is furunculosis, caused by *Aeromonas salmonicida* s...
All relevant data are within the paper. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in the United States (U.S.). It is estimated that there will be 191,930 new cases of prostate cancer and 33,330 prostate cancer-related deaths in the U.S in 2020 Although a significant decline in prosta...
RNA molecules are subject to multiple co- and post-transcriptional modifications, shaping them to their final mature form. Polyadenylation of RNA is one such modification, which is known to affect the stability and translation efficiency of the RNA molecule and to play an essential role in determining the fate of RNA m...
1. Introduction Memory is a hallmark of adaptive immunity mediated by lymphocytes. The immune memory feature is the capacity of B and T cells to respond more effectively after a second encounter with the antigen. In general, memory cells can persist in the absence of an antigen and in a higher number than naïve T cells...
1. Introduction Rice straw is an agricultural waste that contains high amounts of lignocellulose comprised of cellulose (32.1%), hemicellulose (24%) and lignin (18%). Cellulose and hemicellulose are both polysaccharides made up of different sugars, while lignin is an aromatic polymer synthesized from phenylpropanoid un...
*Papaver somniferum* L. (opium poppy; Papaveraceae family), a traditional medicinal plant since the Neolithic age, is the source of up to 140 alkaloids, with morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine and noscapine being the most prominent. These alkaloids are used by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of med...
Initiating PAP-therapy is frustrating for many patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. This therapy represents the gold standard for treatment because it is non-invasive and has almost no known side effects, though many patients experience air leakage due to nocturnal movements, insomnia or anxiety di...
1 Introduction Esophageal cancer (EC) is a prevalent malignancy and ranks seventh in terms of global incidence and sixth in cancer-related mortality. Among the histological subtypes, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for more than 85% of cases. Despite recent therapeutic advancements and improved 5-yea...
Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in the digestive tract, and its incidence ranks third among malignant tumors worldwide, making it a worldwide health concern. The prognosis of CRC mainly depends on early diagnosis and timely surgical treatment: the prognosis is better if the cancer is only confined to the ...
The aortic valve and root perform extremely sophisticated functions which depend on the macro- and microstructure of its component parts. These components include the annulus, the sinuses, the sinotubular junction and importantly the leaflets. Each leaflet includes 3 components; a "belly", a co-apting surface, and a hi...
1. Introduction The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) defined probiotics as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. According to this statement, probiotics must be safe, and not exert pathog...
1. Introduction Recently, biochemical modifications of RNAs designated as epitranscriptomes have added a new layer of regulatory networks to DNA methylation and histone modifications by fine-tuning key developmental processes and stress responses in all living organisms. In eukaryotes, covalent RNA modifications add ub...
Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rapid and successful reperfusion therapies, such as percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting, are necessary to save an ischemic myocardium; however, reperfusion itself can exacerbate myocardial damage and...
1. Introduction To provide sufficient renewable energy in the future, solar cells are suitable for harvesting one of the main energy sources available to everyone. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as third generation solar cells are a promising approach to utilize solar energy more environmentally friendly and cost-e...