methaneset-emit/COLLECTION.json

{
  "id": "methaneset-emit",
  "dataset_version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "methaneset-emit provides analysis-ready EMIT hyperspectral scenes for methane plume detection and quantification. 721 granules (700 with plumes + 21 verified plume-free), selected from the granules where the UNEP-IMEO and CarbonMapper catalogs BOTH report a plume (consensus), with 0% onboard nodata and complete IMEO flux quantification, balanced across flux class (all 812 weak plumes under 1,000 kg/h retained), year, region and sector. Each sample carries 10 sensor-geometry layers with 128x128 internal tiling: the full 285-band L1B radiance cube, per-pixel lat/lon, the GLT orthorectification lookup, Copernicus GLO-30 elevation, an ERA5-Land 10 m wind field (u/v, time-interpolated to the acquisition minute), three matched-filter retrievals (mf, rmf, mag1c), and dual instance-coded plume masks from the IMEO portal and CarbonMapper analysts, where a matched pair shares the same code in both files. A leakage-free train/val/test split grouped by emitter is proposed; all metadata is queryable in level0.parquet without opening a raster.",
  "licenses": [
    "cc-by-4.0"
  ],
  "providers": [
    {
      "name": "NASA JPL",
      "roles": [
        "producer"
      ],
      "url": null,
      "links": null
    },
    {
      "name": "UNEP IMEO",
      "roles": [
        "producer"
      ],
      "url": null,
      "links": null
    },
    {
      "name": "Carbon Mapper",
      "roles": [
        "producer"
      ],
      "url": null,
      "links": null
    },
    {
      "name": "Universitat de Valencia, ISP",
      "roles": [
        "processor"
      ],
      "url": null,
      "links": null
    }
  ],
  "tasks": [
    "segmentation",
    "regression"
  ],
  "taco_version": "0.5.0",
  "title": "MethaneSET-EMIT: Hyperspectral Methane Plume Detection from EMIT",
  "curators": [
    {
      "name": "Julio Contreras",
      "organization": "Universitat de Valencia, Image and Signal Processing (ISP)",
      "email": "julio.contreras@uv.es",
      "role": null
    },
    {
      "name": "Cesar Aybar",
      "organization": "Universitat de Valencia, Image and Signal Processing (ISP)",
      "email": "cesar.aybar@uv.es",
      "role": null
    }
  ],
  "keywords": [
    "methane",
    "EMIT",
    "hyperspectral",
    "plume detection",
    "matched filter",
    "IMEO",
    "CarbonMapper"
  ],
  "extent": {
    "spatial": [
      -123.6228,
      -47.2043,
      152.1961,
      50.7347
    ],
    "temporal": [
      "2022-08-10T06:49:57Z",
      "2025-11-12T17:40:08Z"
    ]
  },
  "publications": [
    {
      "citation": "Green, R. O., et al. (2023). EMIT L1B At-Sensor Calibrated Radiance and Geolocation Data 60 m V001. NASA LP DAAC.",
      "doi": "10.5067/EMIT/EMITL1BRAD.001",
      "summary": "Source radiance and geolocation."
    },
    {
      "citation": "Ruzicka, V., et al. (2023). Semantic segmentation of methane plumes with hyperspectral machine learning models. Scientific Reports.",
      "doi": "10.1038/s41598-023-44918-6",
      "summary": "Weak/strong plume convention at 1,000 kg/h."
    },
    {
      "citation": "European Space Agency (2024). Copernicus DEM GLO-30.",
      "doi": "10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65",
      "summary": "Elevation layer source."
    },
    {
      "citation": "Munoz-Sabater, J., et al. (2021). ERA5-Land hourly data. Copernicus Climate Data Store.",
      "doi": "10.24381/cds.e2161bac",
      "summary": "Wind layer source."
    }
  ],
  "taco:pit_schema": {
    "root": {
      "n": 721,
      "type": "FOLDER"
    },
    "shape": [
      721,
      10
    ],
    "hierarchy": {
      "1": [
        {
          "n": 7210,
          "type": [
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE",
            "FILE"
          ],
          "id": [
            "radiance.tif",
            "latlon.tif",
            "glt.tif",
            "elevation.tif",
            "wind.tif",
            "mf.tif",
            "rmf.tif",
            "mag1c.tif",
            "plume_imeo.tif",
            "plume_cm.tif"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "taco:field_schema": {
    "level0": [
      [
        "id",
        "string",
        "Unique sample identifier within parent scope. Must be unique among siblings."
      ],
      [
        "type",
        "string",
        "Sample type discriminator (FILE or FOLDER)."
      ],
      [
        "detection:n_imeo",
        "int64",
        "Number of distinct IMEO emitters with a plume in this granule"
      ],
      [
        "detection:n_cm",
        "int64",
        "Number of distinct CarbonMapper sources with a plume (upper bound: CM can register one plume under multiple source identities)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:coverage_imeo",
        "double",
        "Percent of scene pixels covered by IMEO plume masks"
      ],
      [
        "detection:coverage_cm",
        "double",
        "Percent of scene pixels covered by CarbonMapper plume masks"
      ],
      [
        "detection:coverage_union",
        "double",
        "Percent of scene pixels covered by the union of both masks"
      ],
      [
        "detection:imeo_ids",
        "string",
        "JSON list of IMEO emitter ids (source_name) present in the scene"
      ],
      [
        "detection:cm_ids",
        "string",
        "JSON list of CarbonMapper source names present in the scene"
      ],
      [
        "detection:imeo_flux",
        "string",
        "JSON dict IMEO emitter -> CH4 flux rate (kg/h); flux completeness enforced at selection"
      ],
      [
        "detection:cm_flux",
        "string",
        "JSON dict CM source -> CH4 flux rate (kg/h); null = unquantified (structural in CM's catalog, not size-biased)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:sectors",
        "string",
        "JSON dict sector -> {imeo: [...], cm: [...]}; CM IPCC codes mapped to IMEO names (97% cross-agreement on matched pairs)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:sector_list",
        "string",
        "JSON list of sectors present in the scene"
      ],
      [
        "detection:sector",
        "string",
        "Dominant sector by plume count"
      ],
      [
        "detection:n_imeo_weak",
        "int64",
        "IMEO plumes with 0 < flux < 1,000 kg/h (weak, following STARCOP)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:n_imeo_strong",
        "int64",
        "IMEO plumes with flux >= 1,000 kg/h (strong)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:n_cm_noflux",
        "int64",
        "CarbonMapper sources without quantified emission"
      ],
      [
        "detection:n_cm_dup_pairs",
        "int64",
        "CarbonMapper plume pairs from DIFFERENT sources overlapping with IoU >= 0.5 in this scene (duplicate identities). If > 0, treat n_cm and the CM source partition as an upper bound; IMEO is the reference catalog"
      ],
      [
        "detection:cm_dup_groups",
        "string",
        "JSON list of GROUPS of CarbonMapper sources that describe the same plume in this scene (connected components of the IoU >= 0.5 overlap graph). A group can hold more than two sources: up to six in this dataset. Use it to check whether the CM source matched to your IMEO plume has twins, in which case its flux and mask area are a lower bound for that plume"
      ],
      [
        "detection:imeo_flux_total",
        "double",
        "Sum of IMEO plume fluxes in the scene (kg/h)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:imeo_flux_max",
        "double",
        "Largest IMEO plume flux in the scene (kg/h)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:cm_flux_total",
        "double",
        "Sum of quantified CarbonMapper fluxes (kg/h)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:cm_flux_max",
        "double",
        "Largest quantified CarbonMapper flux (kg/h)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:imeo_cod",
        "string",
        "JSON dict IMEO emitter -> instance codes in plume_imeo.tif band 1 (a matched IMEO-CM pair shares the same code in both files)"
      ],
      [
        "detection:cm_cod",
        "string",
        "JSON dict CM source -> instance codes in plume_cm.tif band 1"
      ],
      [
        "match:pairs",
        "string",
        "JSON list of matched IMEO-CM pairs (Hungarian assignment on geometry alone: overlap + source distance; flux and sector never used, keeping them free for cross-catalog studies)"
      ],
      [
        "match:orphans",
        "string",
        "JSON dict of unmatched plumes per catalog"
      ],
      [
        "match:n_pairs",
        "int64",
        "Number of accepted IMEO-CM pairs"
      ],
      [
        "match:n_perfect",
        "int64",
        "Pairs without same-catalog overlap ambiguity"
      ],
      [
        "match:n_orph_imeo",
        "int64",
        "IMEO plumes without a CM counterpart"
      ],
      [
        "match:n_orph_cm",
        "int64",
        "CM sources without an IMEO counterpart"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:shape_rows",
        "int64",
        "Sensor-grid rows"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:shape_cols",
        "int64",
        "Sensor-grid columns"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:sza_mean",
        "double",
        "Mean solar zenith angle (deg); intra-scene range is <1 deg"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:vza_mean",
        "double",
        "Mean view zenith angle (deg)"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:saa_mean",
        "double",
        "Mean solar azimuth angle (deg)"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:vaa_mean",
        "double",
        "Mean view azimuth angle (deg)"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:amf_mean",
        "double",
        "Two-way air mass factor 1/cos(SZA)+1/cos(VZA)"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:phase_mean",
        "double",
        "Mean solar phase angle between sun and view vectors (deg); sunglint indicator"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:path_length_mean",
        "double",
        "Mean sensor-to-ground path length (m)"
      ],
      [
        "sensor:earth_sun_distance",
        "double",
        "Earth-Sun distance (AU)"
      ],
      [
        "meteo:wind_u",
        "double",
        "Scene-mean 10 m eastward wind from the wind.tif layer (ERA5-Land, time-interpolated); per-pixel field in wind.tif"
      ],
      [
        "meteo:wind_v",
        "double",
        "Scene-mean 10 m northward wind (m/s), ERA5-Land"
      ],
      [
        "meteo:wind_speed",
        "double",
        "Scene-mean 10 m wind speed (m/s), ERA5-Land. NOTE: this is MethaneSET's own reanalysis wind, not the wind either catalog used to invert its fluxes; for that see imeo_wind and cm_wind"
      ],
      [
        "meteo:imeo_wind",
        "string",
        "JSON dict IMEO emitter -> {u, v, speed} (m/s): the PER-PLUME 10 m wind published by UNEP-IMEO, i.e. the wind IMEO used to invert its own flux rate. Independent of the ERA5-Land wind.tif layer shipped with the scene"
      ],
      [
        "meteo:cm_wind",
        "string",
        "JSON dict CarbonMapper source -> {speed, dir, u, v}: the PER-PLUME wind published by Carbon Mapper (wind_speed_avg_auto and wind_direction_avg_auto), i.e. the wind CM used to invert its own emission. dir follows the meteorological convention (degrees FROM which the wind blows); u and v are derived from speed and dir. Null when CM ships no wind for that plume"
      ],
      [
        "emit:flight_line",
        "string",
        "EMIT flight line identifier"
      ],
      [
        "emit:time_start",
        "string",
        "Acquisition start (UTC)"
      ],
      [
        "emit:time_end",
        "string",
        "Acquisition end (UTC)"
      ],
      [
        "radiance:min",
        "double",
        "Minimum radiance over the full 285-band cube (negative values are calibration noise in dark SWIR bands, kept unclipped)"
      ],
      [
        "radiance:max",
        "double",
        "Maximum radiance over the full cube"
      ],
      [
        "radiance:elev_min_m",
        "double",
        "Minimum elevation (m, Copernicus DEM GLO-30 2024)"
      ],
      [
        "radiance:elev_max_m",
        "double",
        "Maximum elevation (m)"
      ],
      [
        "site:country",
        "string",
        "Country of the scene (from the IMEO portal)"
      ],
      [
        "spatial:bbox_west",
        "double",
        "Bounding box west (deg, EPSG:4326)"
      ],
      [
        "spatial:bbox_south",
        "double",
        "Bounding box south (deg)"
      ],
      [
        "spatial:bbox_east",
        "double",
        "Bounding box east (deg)"
      ],
      [
        "spatial:bbox_north",
        "double",
        "Bounding box north (deg)"
      ],
      [
        "spatial:imeo_points",
        "string",
        "WKT MULTIPOINT of IMEO emission source points"
      ],
      [
        "spatial:cm_points",
        "string",
        "WKT MULTIPOINT of CarbonMapper source points"
      ],
      [
        "selection:split",
        "string",
        "Proposed train/val/test split (70/15/15, grouped by emitter: zero source leakage; users may re-split, everything ships)"
      ],
      [
        "selection:is_free",
        "bool",
        "True = verified plume-free granule from IMEO's full-tile test pool"
      ],
      [
        "selection:flux_bin",
        "string",
        "has_weak / strong_only / free (weak = any IMEO plume under 1,000 kg/h, following STARCOP)"
      ],
      [
        "internal:current_id",
        "int64",
        "Current sample position at this level (0-indexed). Enables O(1) random access and relational JOINs (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT)."
      ],
      [
        "internal:parent_id",
        "int64",
        "Foreign key referencing parent sample position in previous level (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT)."
      ]
    ],
    "level1": [
      [
        "id",
        "string",
        "Unique sample identifier within parent scope. Must be unique among siblings."
      ],
      [
        "type",
        "string",
        "Sample type discriminator (FILE or FOLDER)."
      ],
      [
        "internal:current_id",
        "int64",
        "Current sample position at this level (0-indexed). Enables O(1) random access and relational JOINs (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT)."
      ],
      [
        "internal:parent_id",
        "int64",
        "Foreign key referencing parent sample position in previous level (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT)."
      ],
      [
        "internal:relative_path",
        "string",
        "Relative path from DATA/ directory. Format: {parent_path}/{id} or {id} for level0 (ZIP, FOLDER, TACOCAT)."
      ]
    ]
  }
}