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pubmedcausal_9242 | This study showed that most ADRs are preventable with effective ADR monitoring. There is a great need to create awareness among healthcare professionals regarding the importance of the pharmacovigilance system. Judicious use of the preventive measures will lead to a reduction in the incidence of ADRs due to the drug ar... | [
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pubmedcausal_4969 | Most of the unrecovered causes were due to the rarity of the condition or lack of sufficient detail in the input data. Surprisingly, the causal model found many patients with apparently undiagnosed cancer as the source of the malignant nodules. Causal model AUC also suggests that some sources remained undiscovered in t... | [] |
pubmedcausal_21719 | Evidence of reliability shown by the scale was adequate and a one-factor solution for the structure was found. Additionally, the five-item GSE showed evidence of invariance over time. A causal effect of self-efficacy on nursing students' levels of resilience was found | [
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pubmedcausal_29999 | There is a commonly held belief that the development of a hernia can be attributed to a single strenuous or traumatic event. Hence, many litigants are successful in compensation claims, causing mounting financial burdens on employers, the courts, insurance companies and the tax-payer. However, there is very little scie... | [
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pubmedcausal_19048 | The study shows that entrepreneurial leadership has a significant positive effect on employees' affective commitment and tacit knowledge sharing. Affective commitment plays a mediating effect between entrepreneurial leadership and employees' tacit knowledge sharing. Career growth opportunities play a positive moderatin... | [
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pubmedcausal_6750 | Our study sheds light on the system dynamics leading to neighbourhoods with an unhealthy food environment, challenging socioeconomic conditions, a widening distance between social groups and an infrastructure that discouraged physical activity while promoting sedentary behaviour. Our insights can form the basis for the... | [
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pubmedcausal_15454 | Exposure to e-cigarette/HTP advertising varies based on sociodemographic characteristics, although the literature is limited especially regarding HTPs. Higher exposure among youth might increase tobacco-related disparities since it can lead to nicotine/tobacco use. Research should incorporate and apply a health equity ... | [
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pubmedcausal_25001 | This study provides preliminary causal evidence that exercise habits contribute to the promotion of mental health in university students. These findings offer valuable insights into potential preventive strategies for addressing mental health issues in this population through exercise interventions | [
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pubmedcausal_13683 | dMFC stimulation improved the precision of verticality judgments. Moreover, dMFC stimulation improved accuracy, selectively when response switches occurred with perceptual repeats | [
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pubmedcausal_4719 | BMI increases OA risk, with KD and TBMD partially mediating the effect, particularly for KOA. The direct impact of BMI remains predominant, emphasizing the importance of weight reduction, joint protection, and physical activity as preventive measures | [
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pubmedcausal_13422 | The multistage delay of tobacco policy adoption is principally due to political structures and policy hierarchy, complex bureaucracy, unclear roles and responsibilities, and a high degree of corruption. The low bargaining position and lack of respect for the Ministry of Health also contributes. There are contrasting fr... | [
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pubmedcausal_14982 | The national public health campaign was associated with a limited increased participation in the Phase III cardiac rehabilitation and the website visibility. However, no conclusion can be drawn about causality due to the long and difficult process from health promotion to patient's behavior change | [
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pubmedcausal_23764 | Through reducing the stigma surrounding sex work, making changes that improve the healthcare services that sex workers receive, and collaboration between involved parties, sex workers can be prevented from falling through the cracks of the Canadian healthcare system; lessening the health inequities sex workers face and... | [
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pubmedcausal_5622 | This study indicates that aspirin use does not significantly affect fracture risk but has a significant protective effect on lumbar spine BMD, revealing a potential benefit of aspirin against osteoporosis | [
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pubmedcausal_21362 | Because PLMS is more common than RLS, PLMS may have multiple causes and additional studies are needed to further validate these findings | [
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pubmedcausal_22624 | We observed marked myelin lipid reduction in the spinal cord of AD subjects versus cognitively normal individuals. Among which, levels of ST, a myelin-enriched lipid class, were strongly and negatively associated with the severity of AD. A CNS myelin-specific ST-deficient mouse model was used to further identify the ca... | [
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pubmedcausal_17566 | Abuse experiences in adolescents are associated with the risk of depression and suicide. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop prevention and intervention measures for clinicians, policymakers, and researchers | [] |
pubmedcausal_18564 | Exome and genome sequencing have drastically accelerated novel disease gene discoveries. However, discovery is still hindered by myriad variants of uncertain significance found in genes of undetermined biological function. This necessitates intensive functional experiments on genes of equal predicted causality, leading... | [
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pubmedcausal_27904 | This study revealed that an elevated level of triglyceride increased the prevalence of OSA, and this effect was potentially mediated through BMI. Lowering triglyceride concentration may help to reduce the prevalence of OSA | [
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pubmedcausal_25479 | PE Works, which included providing PE teachers, training for classroom teachers, and administrative/teacher support for PE, positively impacted student cardiorespiratory health. Mandating and funding multilevel, multicomponent PE programs is an important public health intervention to increase children's cardiorespirato... | [
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pubmedcausal_1261 | Urethral strictures must be recognized and treated so that their most serious long-term complication, impaired renal function, can be prevented. The clinical utility of urethrotomy is limited by a high recurrence rate | [
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pubmedcausal_26807 | Results from MR analysis indicate a causal association between ADs and CKD and unspecified kidney failure. These findings partly suggest that early monitoring of CKD risk in patients with ADs is intentional | [
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pubmedcausal_12355 | This Mendelian randomization study supports evidence for a causal association of decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in the direction of a mild form of hyperthyroidism with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation but no other CVDs | [
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pubmedcausal_20107 | The result of the two-sample MR analysis found genetic evidence to support the positive causal association between RA and coronary atherosclerosis, suggesting that active intervention for RA may reduce the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis | [
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pubmedcausal_21403 | In the field of fall prevention, a more precise fall risk model will have a significant impact on research leading to more effective prevention approaches. Given the described burden related to falls and the high prevalence, considerable improvements in fall prevention will have a significant impact on individual quali... | [
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pubmedcausal_9124 | Globally, failure to diagnose MDR/RR-TB at first presentation is the leading cause of the high proportion of MDR/RR-TB among re-treatment cases. These findings highlight the need for contextualised solutions to limit the impact and spread of MDR/RR-TB | [
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pubmedcausal_14519 | Future studies should focus on identifying specific neurobiological underpinnings for the putative causal association between an activated inflammatory response and mood disorders. Results of these studies are needed before further treatment trials of immunomodulatory agents can be justified | [
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pubmedcausal_27532 | This MR study provides evidence at the genetic level for a causal relationship between plasma ferritin and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The exact genetic mechanisms underlying this connection necessitate further investigation | [
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pubmedcausal_27339 | Lipid pathways play a crucial role in psoriatic arthritis development, and some lipid-lowering drugs are believed to have therapeutic benefits due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Traditional observational studies face issues with confounding factors, complicating the interpretation of causality. This study seeks... | [
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pubmedcausal_703 | Adverse drug reactions account for the highest proportion among the causes of morbidity and mortality in clinical wards and are posing a considerable challenge. Hence, the objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of adverse drug reactions and the factors which contribute to their prevalence | [
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pubmedcausal_9710 | Transfers destined for food consumption combined with nutrition training reduced IPV among marginalised households in northern Ecuador. Evidence suggests that these reductions were realised by decreasing stress and conflict, improving household well-being, and enhancing women's decision making, self-confidence and free... | [
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pubmedcausal_26444 | Observational studies have shown that hypothyroidism is strongly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and that thyroxine during pregnancy comes mainly from the mother; therefore, thyroid defects in women may lead to problems such as miscarriage due to hormonal instability in early pregnancy, and foetal neurologi... | [
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pubmedcausal_2699 | High heels reduce muscle pump function, as demonstrated by reduced EF and increased RVF values. The continuous use of high heels tends to provoke venous hypertension in the lower limbs and may represent a causal factor of venous disease symptoms | [
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pubmedcausal_27588 | Observational studies have revealed associations between birth weight, childhood obesity, age at menarche, and ovarian dysfunction. However, these studies are susceptible to unavoidable confounding factors, leading to ongoing debates regarding their conclusions and making causal relationships challenging to infer. In l... | [
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pubmedcausal_397 | Depression and multimorbidity are common in the elderly. Assessing depression might be difficult because of the overlap of depressive and somatic symptoms, possibly leading to confounded results | [
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pubmedcausal_28 | Human and porcine cysticercosis remain public and veterinary public health problems in Northern Vietnam and probably in other parts of the country | [
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pubmedcausal_4965 | This study established a causal link between cathepsin levels and PTC risk, emphasizing the roles of cathepsin Z in its progression. These insights could lead to new therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes. Further research is necessary to understand the underlying biological mechanisms and their clinical implic... | [
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pubmedcausal_7122 | Transmission of SDHD mutations via the maternal line can, in rare cases, result in tumorigenesis. Despite this finding, the overwhelming majority of carriers of maternally-transmitted mutations will remain tumor-free throughout life | [
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pubmedcausal_16689 | Four independent variables produced significantly positive coefficients with mathematical proficiency in multivariate analysis. Of the four, 'not being stunted' and 'attendance rate' were estimated to be possible causes of higher mathematical proficiency because they satisfied all the three conditions for a causality. ... | [
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pubmedcausal_13972 | While international agreement supports a causal relationship of benzene exposure with acute myeloid leukemia, there is debate about benzene and lymphoid neoplasm risks | [
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pubmedcausal_29786 | The risk of coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia in infants in neonatal intensive care units can be attributed primarily to the intravenous administration of lipid emulsions. Since lipids are critical for the nutritional support of premature infants, further studies are needed to examine the pathogenesis and pr... | [
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pubmedcausal_24387 | The detection of salivary biomarkers is, therefore, a diagnostic tool with a high potential to intercept the PI early and act with appropriate and non-invasive treatment. Due to the continued technological innovation in biomarkers and diagnostic sciences, further studies are needed to investigate the role of these bioc... | [
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pubmedcausal_29990 | Frequent bites of blood sucking Reduvidae during pregnancy do not induce maternal anaemia, but, likely through multiple maternal re-infections with T. cruzi, increase maternal parasitemia and worsen congenital Chagas disease. Maternal dwelling in areas of high VD is associated with a serious increased risk of severe an... | [
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pubmedcausal_28907 | Lowered renal function, diabetes, use of RAS inhibitors and old age are independent factors that increase the serum potassium level. Caution should be exercised when using RAS inhibitors in diabetic patients even if their renal function is relatively preserved. In selected patients with diabetes or impaired renal funct... | [
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pubmedcausal_5785 | The classification of psychological disorders has gained significant importance due to recent advancements in signal processing techniques. Traditionally, research in this domain has focused primarily on binary classifications of disorders. This study aims to classify five distinct states, including one control group a... | [
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pubmedcausal_29332 | These results demonstrate that HBSP retains the essence of haplotype-based association analysis while improving analytic power by excluding extraneous SNPs. Minimizing the number of SNPs also enables simpler interpretation and more cost-effective applications | [
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pubmedcausal_16411 | It is imperative to investigate more on the cultural causal factors leading to food insecurity to address the root causes of malnutrition and design new cultural-specific interventions that should be employed in large urban centers where different communities reside together | [
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pubmedcausal_15624 | The multiplex assay could detect three common agents out of several causal agents of dermatophytosis, namely T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, and E. floccosum. Therefore, by adding pan-dermatophyte primers it can be used as a comprehensive detection/identification test | [
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pubmedcausal_22501 | Data from this large group of patients showed that the rate of overall complications, the rate of major complications, and the length of stay were lower in the IAS group. Implementing the IAS in RARP patients increased the occurrence of SCE and affected our daily practice of transversus abdominis plane block. Interpret... | [
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pubmedcausal_2702 | Accumulation of AGEs and arterial stiffness are increased in patients with CKD, particularly in those with DN; however, the results are not sufficient to confirm the causal role of AGE accumulation in arterial stiffening in CKD. AGEs should be considered as a potential therapeutic target in patients with CKD | [
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pubmedcausal_5670 | This study has unveiled the causal relationship between immune cell phenotypes and EC, providing new insights for the exploration of immunotherapy targets in subsequent EC research and for the assessment of EC prognosis | [
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pubmedcausal_26133 | Our findings provide evidence of a causal effect of depression on IAs, uIA, and SAH. For the reverse MR analyses, we found a causal impact of uIA on depression, but no causal influence of either IAs or SAH for depression | [
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pubmedcausal_1933 | Gout is an independent risk factor for mortality, and specifically for death due to CHD and kidney disease | [
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pubmedcausal_545 | Elevated cortisol, repetitive thinking, negative emotions, neuroticism, chronic stress, and early life adversity were negatively associated with memory and other cognitive dimensions in later life. In contrast, supportive social relationships were found to be positively related to cognitive functioning. Some evidence w... | [
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pubmedcausal_22692 | Participants reported that traumatic experiences predisposed those using methamphetamine to violent behaviour. Participants were fearful of psychiatric hospitalisation because of loss of autonomy and stigma. Methamphetamine use was associated with mercurial intense emotions. Participants believed these factors led to v... | [
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pubmedcausal_25989 | Triangulation of evidence from the MR and observational study revealed indirect causal relationships between the microbiota and sleep disorders, offering fresh perspectives on how gut microbiota modulate sleep | [
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pubmedcausal_20356 | The study results provide strong evidence that smoking, sleep, and BMI are causally related to MDD and BD, which need further research to clarify the underlying mechanism | [
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pubmedcausal_6695 | Current smoking is significantly associated with an elevated risk of major psychiatric disorders, including major depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Former smokers also have an elevated risk of major depression. However, it should be noted that, despite these significant associations, due to the nature of... | [
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pubmedcausal_22981 | Drinking water fluoride is negatively correlated with dental caries and gingivitis in peatland and non-peatland communities, but would be significantly associated with dental caries and gingivitis if both peatland and non-peatland data were analyzed together. This is due to the low content of fluoride in the drinking w... | [
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pubmedcausal_1254 | The deleterious effects of sepsis are caused by an imbalance between the invasiveness of the pathogen and the ability of the host to mount an effective immune response. Consequently, the host's immune surveillance fails to eliminate the pathogen, allowing it to spread. Moreover, there is a pro-inflammatory mediator rel... | [
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pubmedcausal_20997 | There is a significant causal relationship between GM and hemorrhagic stroke. The prevention, monitoring, and treatment of hemorrhagic stroke through GM represent a promising avenue and contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying hemorrhagic stroke | [
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pubmedcausal_17246 | CDS improved blood culture collection before IV antibiotics in the ED, without increasing overutilization | [
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pubmedcausal_27162 | This study demonstrates that PCUN-targeted rTMS in SCD regulates the abnormal effective connectivity patterns in DMN and CEN, thereby improving cognition function. Conversely, in aMCI, the mechanism of improvement may differ. Our findings further suggest that rTMS is more effective in preventing or delaying disease pro... | [
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pubmedcausal_23763 | Despite Canada's universal health system, sex workers across the country face an alarmingly high number of barriers when they seek to healthcare services. This has resulted in unmet healthcare needs and substantially poorer health outcomes than the general Canadian population. The objective of this study was to use a s... | [] |
pubmedcausal_20286 | Due to the matched case-control design, causality cannot be established. However, we speculate that these differences in lung function may derive from differential exposure to preterm labor and endogenous maternal corticosteroid exposure. Further study is necessary to establish the true causal relationship | [
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pubmedcausal_21421 | We found evidence of timing and shared causal effects of ELS on psycho-cardiometabolic health in adolescence; however, future research is warranted to clarify how these associations may unfold over time | [
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pubmedcausal_22645 | The hindering and enabling factors can be described as two sides of the same coin. Changes in the working conditions during the pandemic led to difficulties for both young employees and managers when the margins of maneuver were insufficient | [
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pubmedcausal_20441 | The mendelian randomization study supports a bidirectional causality between inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease and appendicular lean mass, but no such bidirectional causal relationship was found in ulcerative colitis. In addition, genetically predicted usual walking pace may reduce the risk of Crohn's disease... | [
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pubmedcausal_24334 | Ovarian cancer, as a highly malignant tumor, features the critical involvement of tumor-associated fibroblasts in the ovarian cancer tissue microenvironment. However, due to the apparent heterogeneity within fibroblast subpopulations, the specific functions of these subpopulations in the ovarian cancer tissue microenvi... | [
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pubmedcausal_13042 | Anaphylaxis is a rare severe complication of pregnancy and frequently the result of a reaction to antibiotic administration. This study highlights the seriousness of the outcomes of this condition for the mother. The low incidence is reassuring given the large proportion of the pregnant population that receive prophyla... | [
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pubmedcausal_20582 | This MR study demonstrated significant causal effects of circulating levels of AAs on CVDs, indicating the potential use of AAs as biomarkers or as therapeutic targets for CVD in clinical scenarios | [
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pubmedcausal_24280 | Further research is necessary to investigate if this high prevalence of varus knee in children of a higher age and higher playing levels is due to the selection bias of football players with varus knee or a real development of varus knee in individuals | [
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pubmedcausal_29746 | A history of breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of many diseases in infants and mothers from developed countries. Because almost all the data in this review were gathered from observational studies, one should not infer causality based on these findings. Also, there is a wide range of quality of the body o... | [
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pubmedcausal_20354 | Social distancing policies due to the global pandemic may have increased the risk of social isolation and cognitive decline among older adults. The government and local communities need to increase their effort to develop way to connect adults through the remainder of the pandemic and beyond | [
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pubmedcausal_27252 | Our study observed a causal relationship between hyperthyroidism and all-cause heart failure. Hyperthyroidism may associate with heart failure genetically | [
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pubmedcausal_28426 | The observational evidence and biological plausibility of the hypothesis that cannabis is a contributory cause of psychosis is at least as strong as evidence for causal relations between heavy alcohol and amphetamine use and psychosis. On public health grounds, there is a good case for discouraging cannabis use among a... | [
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pubmedcausal_29891 | Evidence gathered from the studies shows that exercise training has beneficial effects on the QoL of CKD patients; however, exercise is still not routinely prescribed. Further research and robust evidence are needed to overcome the limitations encountered by previous studies to confirm the positive results of exercise ... | [
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pubmedcausal_26608 | This study provides evidence of the genetic causal association between frozen shoulder and carpal tunnel syndrome and provides new insights into the genetics of fibrotic disorders | [
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pubmedcausal_18034 | This study provides genetic evidence supporting the causal role of snoring in ED | [
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pubmedcausal_11094 | The true incidence of asbestos exposure in MMTVT is underestimated because of insufficient information reported in older literature. To establish a broad consensus on the causal relationship between asbestos and MMTVT in the scientific community its necessary to analyze the same variables in the epidemiological studies... | [
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pubmedcausal_2460 | Subjects born by CS had a higher risk for increased peripheral and central adiposity during young adult age compared to those born by vaginal delivery. The association of CS with adiposity was consistently observed for all indicators and was robust after adjustment for a variety of early life confounders | [
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pubmedcausal_1893 | Molecular analysis of acquired therapeutic resistance to lapatinib identified a new resistance mechanism based on incomplete and "leaky" inhibition of EGFR by lapatinib. The selective pressure applied by incomplete inhibition of the EGFR drug target resulted in selection of ligand-driven feedback that sustained EGFR ac... | [
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pubmedcausal_24012 | We found a significant correlation between the overall genetic architecture of asthma and OA, as well as an increased risk of developing OA in patients with genetic variants associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis; predominately, this risk was for the development of knee OA. These results support a causal relation... | [
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pubmedcausal_26913 | This study provides new evidence of a potential genetic link between thyroid issues and AA. By employing the two-sample MR method to eliminate confounding factors and reverse causation, unbiased results were obtained, confirming a causal relationship between hypothyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis... | [
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pubmedcausal_21162 | Our study uncovered multiple genetic loci associated with SA risk, thus increasing our understanding of the etiology of this condition and its relationship with other complex traits | [
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pubmedcausal_6621 | This multi-omics approach provides evidence for causal relationships between specific immune populations, metabolites, and HCC risk, identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC prevention and treatment | [
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pubmedcausal_13517 | High concentrations of mercury intake from seafood are known to cause various side effects in humans, including on the nervous system. Various studies have reported the effects of mercury concentrations in humans; however, the association between dyslipidemia, a cardiovascular disease risk factor, and mercury remains c... | [
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]
] |
pubmedcausal_20474 | Our results provide genetic evidence supporting bidirectional causal relationships between thyroid function and RA. These findings inform preventive strategies and interventions targeting RA and thyroid dysfunction | [
[
91,
107
],
[
112,
114
]
] |
pubmedcausal_9307 | The health and well-being of the indigenous Wayana in Suriname's interior region is at least partially due to the role the country has played within the global economy. Specifically, the health and well-being of indigenous people in Suriname can be understood to be a result of foreign development bank-funded projects t... | [
[
119,
168
],
[
0,
80
]
] |
pubmedcausal_16760 | The purpose of the study was to clarify the causal effect of toe-grasping exercises on the improvement of static or dynamic balance ability in home-based rehabilitation users | [
[
91,
174
]
] |
pubmedcausal_25574 | Perceived discrimination in health care settings can have adverse consequences on mental health in minority groups. However, the association between perceived discrimination and mental health is prone to unmeasured confounding. The study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of unmeasured confounding in this as... | [
[
0,
48
],
[
58,
115
]
] |
pubmedcausal_9617 | Mutations in genes with strong biological relevance to AVSD, including syndrome-associated genes, can contribute to AVSD, even in those with isolated heart disease. The identification of a gene set associated with AVSD will facilitate targeted genetic screening in this cohort | [
[
165,
218
],
[
224,
261
],
[
0,
60
]
] |
pubmedcausal_5539 | In summary, our study identified causal relationships between plasma lipidomes, plasma metabolomes, and NAFLD. Certainly, the impact of plasma lipidomes on NAFLD is not limited to plasma metabolomes, indicating a need to further investigate into other possible mediators. These identified factors may become new biomarke... | [
[
62,
78
],
[
80,
98
],
[
104,
109
]
] |
pubmedcausal_10359 | There is a high prevalence of PIM used in acutely ill older people, but they do not seem to be the major cause of adverse drug reactions in this population. Although many PIMs had a clinical circumstance that led to their prescription during the course of ICU hospitalization, many were still present upon hospital disch... | [
[
166,
203
],
[
216,
275
]
] |
pubmedcausal_17295 | School exclusion has pervasive negative effects into adulthood. Policy interventions should focus on both prevention and mitigating its negative effects. Interventions aimed at re-integrating excluded individuals into education or vocational training could be key in reducing the risk of poor socio-economic outcomes and... | [
[
0,
16
],
[
21,
62
]
] |
pubmedcausal_18167 | This bi-directional MR study demonstrated a causal risk role of higher circulating VitC at physiological levels on an increased risk of EC, which was independent of confounders and mediators. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the possible mechanisms | [
[
64,
111
],
[
118,
138
]
] |
pubmedcausal_21896 | Mediation results differed for self-reported vs. clinician-rated depression. The effect of MCT-Silver on reduction in clinician-rated depression was mediated by a reduction in self-reported rumination, whereas reduction in self-reported depression was mediated by a reduction in negative cognitive beliefs. Positive meta... | [
[
163,
200
],
[
266,
305
]
] |
pubmedcausal_19428 | Our results support a protective causal role of exclusive breast-feeding in the risk of developing a lower respiratory tract infection in infancy and asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood. They also shed light on potential mechanisms of these associations, including the effect of exclusive breast-feeding on the gut... | [] |
pubmedcausal_20761 | This study indicates a causal effect of increased genetic predisposition to RA on an increased risk of ORDs, including COPD and asthma, especially early-onset COPD and nAA, and on asthma/COPD related infections, pneumonia or pneumonia derived septicemia | [
[
40,
78
],
[
85,
107
]
] |
pubmedcausal_13401 | Participants with no evidence of depression overestimated their control, whereas those who were most depressed were more accurate in their control ratings. Instructions given to all participants about the nature of alternative causes significantly affected the pattern of perceived control ratings. Instructions describi... | [
[
299,
350
],
[
351,
398
]
] |
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