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pubmedcausal_22334
There is moderate evidence of a causal association between shoulder tendinopathy and combined exposures of working above shoulder level with forceful hand exertion. The evidence is insufficient for any single biomechanical exposure on its own. High-quality cohort studies with direct exposure measures and objective diag...
[ [ 59, 80 ], [ 85, 163 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26422
Our findings strengthen the evidence of a bidirectional causal link between the gut microbiota and frailty. It is important to elucidate this relationship to optimally enhance the care of older adults and improve their quality of life
[ [ 80, 94 ], [ 99, 106 ] ]
pubmedcausal_23855
Suicide remains a significant public health concern worldwide. Ecological studies reported decreased suicide rates with higher levels of trace lithium levels in drinking water, leading to suggestions of adding lithium to drinking water as a preventative anti-suicide strategy. However, the evidence remains inconclusive,...
[ [ 63, 175 ], [ 188, 275 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27119
This combination analysis provides evidence for a significant causal relationship between systemic inflammation and PCa risk. These findings highlight systemic inflammation and inflammatory immune responses as potential modifiable risk factors for PCa
[ [ 90, 111 ], [ 116, 124 ] ]
pubmedcausal_17094
In this article, we aim to highlight the importance of considering the timing of the causal effects of a between-person intervention X, on M and Y, resulting in a deeper understanding of mediation
[ [ 163, 196 ] ]
pubmedcausal_15407
Our study shows a statistically significant association between a pathological state of oral health and nutrition disorders in the frail elderly person. This result confirms the hypothesis postulating that a poor state of oral health would be associated with nutritional disorders among the frail elderly. Our analysis a...
[ [ 427, 442 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27223
In the univariate MR analysis, we observed causal connections between four reproductive factors and bone density. Specifically, AAM had a significant impact on BMD and heel calcaneus BMD. Age at first live birth was negatively associated with FA-BMD. Age at last live birth showed a negative correlation with BMD and hee...
[ [ 70, 95 ], [ 100, 112 ] ]
pubmedcausal_28012
We conclude that partner alcohol use has a direct cause for intimate partner violence. Therefore, controlling partner alcohol consumption can reduce the burden of intimate partner violence
[ [ 17, 36 ], [ 60, 85 ], [ 98, 137 ], [ 142, 188 ] ]
pubmedcausal_9176
This study provides Class III evidence that for patients with ALS, G-tube placement decreases survival time and does not affect QOL
[ [ 84, 107 ] ]
pubmedcausal_18290
This study supports independent causal roles of high waist circumference, BMI and sedentary behavior in BPH
[ [ 48, 72 ], [ 104, 107 ], [ 74, 77 ] ]
pubmedcausal_6229
Mendelian randomization studies confirm a causal link between gut microbiota and various COPD types and complications, offering new insights into the disease's pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment
[ [ 62, 76 ], [ 81, 117 ] ]
pubmedcausal_21507
Our results observed a causal relationship between later AFS, AFB and lower CVDs risk; it emphasizes the importance of providing sex education since early sex and birth may have undesirable effects. Cardiovascular risk stratification that considers reproductive factors may help address CVD risk
[ [ 51, 60 ], [ 70, 85 ], [ 62, 65 ] ]
pubmedcausal_8959
Due to the analogue design, our findings may not translate directly to clinical populations. Furthermore, due to the correlational design of the study, causal relations remain to be tested
[ [ 7, 26 ], [ 28, 91 ], [ 113, 150 ], [ 152, 188 ] ]
pubmedcausal_14319
Hyponatraemia reversibly increased frequency of contractions and appearance of bi-or multiphasic contractions, that could reduce myometrial contractility. This could explain the correlation of hyponatraemia and instrumental delivery previously observed. Contractions in the hyponatraemic solution more frequently showed ...
[ [ 0, 13 ], [ 25, 60 ], [ 65, 109 ] ]
pubmedcausal_29271
Pedometer-based walking programs result in a modest amount of weight loss. Longer programs lead to more weight loss than shorter programs
[ [ 0, 32 ], [ 43, 73 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26488
We found the causal relationships between four diets and infertility. We look forward to more high-quality epidemiologic studies to prove our conclusions
[ [ 42, 52 ], [ 57, 68 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26518
This study provides novel evidence for a reciprocal causal relationship between gut microbiota and AAA risk, thereby offering new insights into the pathogenesis of AAA. These findings also suggest promising avenues for microbiome-based therapeutic interventions
[ [ 80, 94 ], [ 99, 107 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10405
Japan NHWS data are cross-sectional, and causal relationships cannot be established. Due to the self-reported nature of the data, responses could not be independently verified
[ [ 96, 128 ], [ 130, 175 ] ]
pubmedcausal_3758
Low LSIR were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms among women working in aged-care services in Japan. High W-to-F conflict exacerbated this relationship. Therefore, enhancing interpersonal relationships may be necessary for preventing insomnia. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, causal...
[ [ 273, 312 ], [ 314, 342 ] ]
pubmedcausal_25794
Our MR analysis supported the causal association between obesity and hyperuricemia based on availablegenome-wide association analysis summary statistics. Obesity leads to hyperuricemia via insulin resistance, which is a key link in the huge network pathways using network pharmacology
[ [ 57, 64 ], [ 69, 82 ] ]
pubmedcausal_2737
Although hydroxychloroquine tends to reduce infection risk in SLE patients, the evidence is not strong. It can decrease severe infections, but high doses should be used cautiously and selectively in patients with impaired renal function. Further studies are required to establish optimal dosing and efficacy for specific...
[ [ 9, 27 ], [ 111, 137 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10073
This study provides evidence that different types of social support were associated with variations in the utilization of cancer screenings. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore the causal relationship between social support and cancer screening use
[ [ 53, 67 ], [ 242, 262 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26358
Our study provided new genetic evidence for a causal relationship between PBC and CTDs. PBC increased the risk of SLE, RA, and SS. Our findings highlighted the importance of active screening and intervention for CTDs in patients with PBC
[ [ 74, 77 ], [ 82, 86 ], [ 92, 117 ] ]
pubmedcausal_24688
Our Mendelian randomization study provided causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome, which might provide new insights into the potential pathogenic mechanisms of gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and the assignment of effective therapeutic strategies
[ [ 71, 94 ], [ 99, 117 ] ]
pubmedcausal_23729
Obese rats had undisturbed CSF testosterone levels and no changes in ICP or CSF dynamics. Adjuvant testosterone treatment of obese rats elevated the CSF secretion rate, although with no effect on the ICP, due to elevated CSF drainage capacity of these rats
[ [ 90, 135 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27527
Adequate sleep is closely related to people's health. However, with increasing age, the quality of sleep worsens. At the same time, among elderly individuals, frailty is also a disturbing factor, which makes elderly individuals more vulnerable to negative factors. To explore the relationship between the two, we conduct...
[ [ 132, 194 ], [ 208, 263 ] ]
pubmedcausal_17733
Chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular pathogen and is a common cause of human respiratory diseases, including pneumonia. It has been already known to have a causal relationship with some chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In t...
[ [ 0, 20 ], [ 84, 131 ], [ 199, 215 ] ]
pubmedcausal_408
Multiple studies proved that miRNAs have a causal role in tumorigenesis. Some miRNAs are regulated by epigenetic alterations in their promoter regions and can be activated by chromatin- modifying drugs
[ [ 29, 35 ], [ 58, 71 ] ]
pubmedcausal_5964
Our findings establish RC as an independent causal CVD risk factor in East Asian ancestry individuals and highlight population-specific differences in CVD risk profiles, emphasizing the need for ethnicity-tailored prevention strategies
[ [ 23, 25 ], [ 51, 59 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10755
Abnormal hyperexcitability of premotor-parietal-putaminal circuitry may be explained by altered information transfer between these regions due to underlying deficient connectivity. Identification of brain regions involved in processing of sensorimotor information in preparation for movement execution suggests that comp...
[ [ 146, 179 ], [ 88, 138 ] ]
pubmedcausal_1546
The concepts and ideas of the young adults with high ICT use and mental symptoms generated a model of possible paths for associations between ICT exposure and mental symptoms. Demands for achievement and availability as well as personal dependency were major causes of high ICT exposure but also direct sources of stress...
[ [ 176, 199 ], [ 269, 286 ], [ 228, 247 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10391
Since the inception of global industrialization, steroidal estrogens have become an emerging and serious concern. Worldwide, steroid estrogens including estrone, estradiol and estriol, pose serious threats to soil, plants, water resources and humans. Indeed, estrogens have gained notable attention in recent years, due ...
[ [ 329, 399 ], [ 259, 314 ] ]
pubmedcausal_21513
The present large and comprehensive meta-analysis-conducted using an innovative approach for study search-supports the evidence of a causal role of tobacco smoking on breast cancer risk
[ [ 148, 163 ], [ 167, 185 ], [ 167, 180 ] ]
pubmedcausal_6656
Our findings reveal a bidirectional, subtype-specific relationship between PLT and skin cancer. Elevated PLT levels specifically increase the risk of MSC, while MSC influences PLT count positively. In contrast, NMSC is associated with lower PLT levels. These results suggest that PLT could serve as both a prognostic mar...
[ [ 96, 115 ], [ 150, 153 ] ]
pubmedcausal_21480
Older age, increased FI of the supraspinatus muscle, and a tear including disruption of the rotator cable increased the risk of healing failure after early arthroscopic repair in patients with trauma-related full-thickness rotator cuff tears
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 106, 143 ], [ 11, 51 ], [ 57, 105 ] ]
pubmedcausal_6535
Obesity-related anthropometric indicators were causally associated with increased stool frequency in the overall and central obesity groups. Weight loss could be a potential approach to improve gastrointestinal regularity in individuals with obesity
[ [ 0, 41 ] ]
pubmedcausal_21504
Dental insurance expansion in South Korea resulted in improvements in access to dental prosthetic services overall. It also led to a smaller increase in unmet dental needs among low-income older adults, compared to high-income adults
[ [ 0, 41 ], [ 54, 114 ], [ 133, 233 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26044
Our study uncovered a wide range of traits causally associated with osteoarthritis. Further studies are needed to validate and illustrate the detailed mechanism of those causal associations
[ [ 22, 42 ], [ 68, 82 ] ]
pubmedcausal_22640
This study indicated that a positive causal association exists between UC and the PSA level. However, there is no evidence to support the relationship between AGE and the PSA level
[ [ 71, 73 ] ]
pubmedcausal_25230
The causal relationship between maternal smoking in pregnancy and reduced offspring birth weight is well established and is likely due to impaired placental function. However, observational studies have given conflicting results on the association between smoking and placental weight. We aimed to estimate the causal ef...
[ [ 32, 61 ], [ 66, 96 ] ]
pubmedcausal_73
iorEPOCIM proved to be safe and effective at the doses and frequencies used in this patient population. As a result, this medication was recommended for use in all pediatric oncology and hematology services in the country
[]
pubmedcausal_5052
Our study found that hypothyroidism is causally associated with an increased risk of PAH. However, further investigations are still needed to illustrate the connection between thyroid dysfunction and PAH
[ [ 21, 35 ], [ 67, 89 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27811
This MR investigation provides evidence supporting the causal relationship between immune cell and pancreatic cancer, with plasma metabolites serving as mediators. Identifying immune cell phenotypes with potential causal effects on pancreatic cancer sheds light on its underlying mechanisms and suggests novel therapeuti...
[ [ 83, 94 ], [ 99, 116 ] ]
pubmedcausal_18504
There appears to be a causal relationship between IBD and psoriasis, especially for PsA, but for psoriasis and IBD, only total psoriasis and PsA were associated with CD. Understanding that specific types of psoriasis and IBD constitute mutual risk factors facilitates the clinical management of two diseases
[ [ 50, 53 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27206
The findings firstly provide evidence for causal association of epigenetic aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Exploring neurodegenerative diseases from an epigenetic perspective may contribute to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
[ [ 64, 80 ], [ 85, 111 ] ]
pubmedcausal_5391
This investigation aimed to elucidate the causal role of inflammatory cytokines in the risk of developing refractive errors
[ [ 57, 79 ], [ 87, 123 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26706
This MR analysis provides compelling evidence of an independent causal relationship between genetically predicted OSA and an elevated risk of inflammation-related GDs. Besides, no causal association was observed between OSA and cancers. Further studies should be carried out to verify our findings
[ [ 92, 117 ], [ 125, 166 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27268
Our results demonstrated that UL exhibits a causal relationship with high risk of several cancers. We suggest reinforcing the cancer screening in UL patients to enable the early detection of cancers
[ [ 30, 32 ], [ 69, 97 ] ]
pubmedcausal_2160
Children and their families are delaying or forgoing needed care due to health care-related financial burden. Policies are needed to effectively reduce financial burden and improve the concordance of insurance between parents and children because this may reduce the frequency of unmet need among families. Moreover, red...
[ [ 72, 108 ], [ 0, 64 ] ]
pubmedcausal_18702
Traffic accidents are increasing in high-altitude areas of western China, and they lead to more severe casualties. The characteristics of serious traffic accidents in this part of the country differ from those of the eastern regions. Improving road safety facilities, restrictions of speed, and improving medical treatme...
[ [ 91, 113 ] ]
pubmedcausal_1117
We found consistent evidence that the use of androgen deprivation therapy in patients with PCa reduces bone mineral density, increasing the risk of fractures in these patients
[ [ 38, 94 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26896
The findings of our investigation yield novel evidence that substantiates the notion of a bidirectional causal connection between sleep traits and frailty. Through the optimization of sleep, it is potentially feasible to hinder, postpone, or even reverse the state of frailty, and we proposed relevant interventions
[ [ 130, 142 ], [ 147, 154 ] ]
pubmedcausal_18468
Using genetic data, Hcy increase is causally associated with renal function injury and further CKD
[ [ 61, 82 ], [ 20, 32 ], [ 87, 98 ] ]
pubmedcausal_14368
The antimyopia treatments atropine, apomorphine, and intense light all significantly inhibited myopia development and the decrease in ChBP. The treatments also reduced scleral hypoxia, as indicated by the decrease in hypoxic signals. Furthermore, actively increasing ChBP with prazosin inhibited the progression of myopi...
[ [ 0, 66 ], [ 85, 113 ], [ 118, 138 ], [ 247, 285 ], [ 338, 362 ] ]
pubmedcausal_12681
PRMR allows for instrumental variables that violate the exclusion restriction due to pleiotropy, and it corrects for pleiotropy in the estimation of the causal effect. If the degree of pleiotropy is unknown, PRMR can still be used as a sensitivity analysis
[ [ 85, 95 ], [ 56, 77 ] ]
pubmedcausal_22772
This study highlights the diversity of the pleiotropic effects of genetic risk to endometriosis irrespective of a diagnosis of endometriosis. A key finding was the identification of a causal effect of the genetic liability to lower testosterone on endometriosis using Mendelian randomisation
[ [ 82, 95 ] ]
pubmedcausal_8757
Presence of metazoan parasites, granuloma and microabbscesses further undermine the quality of the offal supply in Ghana and it calls for further investigation into causal agents of these pathological conditions; hence, strict inspection and assessment should be enforced and maintained for continual provision of edible...
[ [ 0, 29 ], [ 70, 111 ] ]
pubmedcausal_4758
The findings highlight the urgent need for age-sensitive, student-centered mental health interventions in Kenyan universities. Specifically, universities should implement targeted support programs for first-year and final-year students who face unique mental health risks due to transitional and graduation-related stres...
[ [ 296, 324 ], [ 245, 271 ] ]
pubmedcausal_28431
The result supports that maternal smoking during pregnancy is causally associated with stillbirth risk. Smoking is a preventable cause of stillbirth, and smoking interventions is an important issue in antenatal care
[ [ 25, 58 ], [ 87, 102 ], [ 104, 111 ], [ 87, 97 ] ]
pubmedcausal_8961
Alcohol and cannabis use have been implicated in aggression. Alcohol consumption is known to facilitate aggression, whereas a causal link between cannabis and aggression has not been clearly demonstrated
[ [ 61, 80 ] ]
pubmedcausal_9110
The findings strengthen the causal argument that changing the environment led to changes in health-related behaviour via use of the new infrastructure, but also show how some commuters may have spent less time cycling as a result
[ [ 49, 73 ], [ 81, 150 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26819
This investigation delineates the causal link between immune cell phenotypes and the pathogenesis of AML, thereby unveiling potential therapeutic avenues to modulate immune cell functions in AML patients. It aims to discover innovative therapeutic strategies that target immune evasion tactics to reinstate immune respon...
[ [ 54, 76 ], [ 85, 104 ] ]
pubmedcausal_28211
Long-term exposure to war and postwar stressors caused serious psychological consequences in civilian women, with PTSD being only one of the disorders in the wide spectrum of posttraumatic reactions. Postwar stressors did not influence the prevalence of PTSD but they did contribute to the intensity and number of posttr...
[ [ 0, 25 ], [ 55, 107 ], [ 30, 47 ] ]
pubmedcausal_20350
Observational studies have indicated that psychosocial factors contribute to hypertension; however, the causality of these associations remains unclear due to reverse causality and confounders. We aim to assess the causal associations of mental health disorders with hypertension
[ [ 159, 192 ], [ 100, 151 ] ]
pubmedcausal_16280
Temporal relationship between OAB and anxiety is not very well documented because available longitudinal cohort studies are limited. The limitation of the published literature is that most were population-based symptom studies demonstrating high risk of bias. Although data from analysed studies suggest that anxiety and...
[]
pubmedcausal_23187
We provide a detailed rationale for a model representing the classification of complex disease using three test conditions of asthma, diabetes and fetal alcohol syndrome. Model assessment resulted in the reassessment of the three complex disease classifications and identified driving factors, thus improving the model. ...
[ [ 171, 187 ], [ 204, 261 ] ]
pubmedcausal_28987
Hepcidin plays a key role in body iron metabolism by preventing the release of iron from macrophages and intestinal cells. Defective hepcidin synthesis causes iron loading, while overproduction results in defective reticuloendothelial iron release and iron absorption
[ [ 123, 151 ], [ 159, 171 ], [ 205, 247 ], [ 0, 8 ], [ 53, 100 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27959
RA and SLE are risk factors for fractures. On the other hand, BMD increasing can reduce risk of AS. Our results indicate that rheumatic diseases may lead to an increased risk of fractures, while increased BMD may lead to a reduced risk of rheumatic diseases. These findings provide insight into the risk of BMD and AS, i...
[]
pubmedcausal_7792
This article estimated the causal effect of quitting smoking on body weight gains in the United Kingdom to evaluate whether savings in health costs deriving from smoking prevention and its related diseases are greater than the costs associated with increased obesity
[ [ 44, 60 ], [ 64, 103 ] ]
pubmedcausal_5526
Alopecia areata, a common autoimmune disease, is not fully understood in terms of its cause. However, research suggests that an imbalance in specific blood metabolites may trigger immune system dysfunction, leading to an attack on hair follicles and ultimately resulting in alopecia areata
[ [ 180, 205 ], [ 218, 289 ] ]
pubmedcausal_12308
The results of this comprehensive cohort study lend little support to a causal association between outdoor long-term wind-turbine noise exposure and MI. However, there were only few cases in the highest exposure groups and our findings need reproduction
[ [ 99, 144 ], [ 149, 151 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26764
Our findings demonstrate causal links between high SUA and increased risk of female infertility mediated by hormonal factors such as SHBG and TT. These insights suggest new avenues for infertility treatment and highlight the need for further research into these mechanisms
[ [ 46, 54 ], [ 59, 95 ] ]
pubmedcausal_17290
During the first year of higher vocational college in China, students' levels of study engagement and critical thinking declined continuously. The initial level and development of study engagement can positively influence the initial level and development of critical thinking, respectively, while the initial level and ...
[ [ 143, 196 ], [ 201, 276 ], [ 226, 276 ] ]
pubmedcausal_12613
Due to an increase in migration and globalization, cross-cultural encounters in health care are also becoming more frequent. As psychotherapy is grounded in a cultural context and must be congruent with the patient's cultural beliefs of his or her illness in order to be effective, the consideration of cross-cultural di...
[ [ 10, 31 ] ]
pubmedcausal_3481
This study identified that CircS was significantly associated with both gout and hyperuricemia in the US general population. The risk of these conditions increased in parallel with rising CircS scores. Elevated UA levels were also associated with a higher incidence of CircS. Given the limitations inherent to the cross-...
[ [ 181, 200 ] ]
pubmedcausal_11825
Evidence of moderate quality shows that use of plastic wraps or bags compared with routine care led to higher temperatures on admission to NICUs with less hypothermia, particularly for extremely preterm infants. Thermal mattresses and SSC also reduced hypothermia risk when compared with routine care, but findings are b...
[ [ 40, 95 ], [ 103, 166 ] ]
pubmedcausal_5619
Estimated causal effects differed across different weight outcomes. The analyses of follow-up BMI, 'weight change', 'BMI change', or relative change in body size yielded results that could lead to potentially different inferences for an intervention
[ [ 41, 66 ], [ 209, 249 ] ]
pubmedcausal_6136
Our research indicated a causal link between Cats and skin cancer. By conducting a bioinformatic analysis of genetic loci related to Cats and skin cancer, we were able to gain a better understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms driving this association. This research can provide valuable insights into the diag...
[ [ 45, 49 ], [ 54, 65 ] ]
pubmedcausal_6000
Patients with liver diseases have a significantly higher risk of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers, and individuals with elevated transaminase levels also exhibit a genetic predisposition to HCC. ALD demonstrates significant causal relationships with HCC and ICC
[ [ 199, 202 ], [ 194, 197 ], [ 262, 265 ] ]
pubmedcausal_11779
These results demonstrate that HFFDG causes long-term postpartum obesity independent of early postpartum fat retention. This study also suggests that HFFDG adversely programs long-term postpartum energy metabolism by epigenetically reducing estrogen signaling in both BAT and WAT
[ [ 31, 36 ] ]
pubmedcausal_29756
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy has been shown to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the mother, but the effects on the offspring are uncertain. Assessing the impact on the offspring is very important given the now large body of evidence indicating that blood pressure levels in childhood and young adultho...
[ [ 0, 40 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10188
Untreated depression during pregnancy increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in the mother and child. Therefore, specific treatments are required for this population
[ [ 0, 37 ], [ 0, 107 ], [ 120, 172 ] ]
pubmedcausal_29754
To describe the causes and circumstances of conflict leading to assault injury among urban youth seeking care in the emergency department
[ [ 0, 52 ], [ 64, 137 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10357
RC is unlikely to decrease the prevention impact of PrEP, and in some cases RC may be counterintuitively beneficial at the population level. This depended on PrEP uptake scaling with behavioral indications. Due to the increased acquisition risk associated with RC, however, clinicians should continue to support PrEP as ...
[ [ 218, 263 ], [ 274, 367 ] ]
pubmedcausal_20135
These findings support a causal relationship between increased LDL-cholesterol and increased female infertility risk. Furthermore, the association between lipid-related traits and female infertility risk merits more studies
[ [ 53, 78 ], [ 83, 116 ] ]
pubmedcausal_5169
These findings demonstrated significant causal relationships between gut microbiota, blood metabolites, immune cell traits, circulating inflammatory proteins, and myopia. Gut microbiota pathway may mediate the causal effects of blood metabolite on myopia. This may provide researchers with a new perspective in exploring...
[ [ 69, 83 ], [ 163, 169 ], [ 85, 102 ], [ 104, 122 ], [ 124, 157 ] ]
pubmedcausal_11068
Height increases the risk of being diagnosed with and dying from cancer. These findings from Mendelian randomisation analyses agree with observational studies and provide evidence that they were not likely to have been strongly affected by confounding or reporting bias
[ [ 0, 6 ] ]
pubmedcausal_11544
Our results show that mental health affects health behavior and mortality risk. A key inference from this study is that improving mental health can lead to positive changes in health behavior and reduce the risk of mortality
[]
pubmedcausal_26893
This study provides evidence of a causal relationship between cholecystectomy and IBD/IBS, highlighting the potential risk reduction for UC and increased risk for IBS following cholecystectomy. The role of bile acids and gut microbiota in this relationship remains unclear, necessitating further research to validate the...
[ [ 62, 77 ], [ 82, 89 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10657
Tobacco smoking is the main cause of lung cancer, but it is not the sole causal factor. Significant proportions of workers are smokers and exposed to occupational lung carcinogens. This study aims to systematically review the statistical interaction between occupational lung carcinogens and tobacco smoking, in particul...
[ [ 0, 15 ], [ 19, 48 ] ]
pubmedcausal_3342
This study provides genetic evidence that greater adiposity in childhood and adulthood has a causal effect in increasing the risk of a wide range of respiratory diseases. Furthermore, the effects of childhood obesity on respiratory outcomes may be mediated by adult obesity
[ [ 110, 169 ], [ 42, 72 ] ]
pubmedcausal_27545
This study is the first to uncover novel causal relationships between various intestinal flora and acute pancreatitis, emphasizing the mediating role of immune cell traits in the pathway from intestinal flora to AP. It also provides new evidence supporting the conditional pathogenicity of the Bacillus genus
[ [ 70, 94 ], [ 99, 117 ] ]
pubmedcausal_10529
Dental caries is a major public health problem, and Streptococcus mutans is considered the main causal agent of dental caries. This study aimed to compare the effect of three re-mineralizing materials: resin infiltrant, fluoride varnish, and nano-hydroxy apatite paste on the surface hardness and adhesion of Streptococc...
[ [ 52, 72 ], [ 0, 13 ] ]
pubmedcausal_13014
We hypothesized that, although it is locally injected to dystonic muscles, BNT application leads to changes in brain and network activity towards normal brain function
[ [ 75, 90 ], [ 100, 167 ] ]
pubmedcausal_7494
Successful aging in old age is important. However, the determinants of successful aging vary across populations due to cultural differences, and only a limited number of studies have addressed these determinants in Taiwan population. This study aimed to evaluate successful aging via better physical and mental functions...
[ [ 119, 139 ], [ 51, 111 ] ]
pubmedcausal_22955
Rhinophyma is a benign condition caused by the excessive growth of sebaceous glands in the nasal tissue, presenting with symptoms such as nasal hypertrophy, erythema, and papules. Cases of basal cell carcinoma in rhinophyma have been reported in literature, but its etiological role remains unclear. It is uncertain whet...
[ [ 43, 103 ], [ 0, 10 ] ]
pubmedcausal_26917
This study provides evidence for the causal relationship between blood metabolites and peripheral arteriosclerosis, and these eight blood metabolites provide new perspectives for screening and prevention of peripheral arteriosclerosis in the future
[ [ 65, 82 ], [ 87, 114 ] ]
pubmedcausal_13130
Our results show that SJS/TEN is rare but serious in children. The antibacterial sulfonamides used for the treatment of malaria and anticonvulsants are their most frequent cause
[ [ 67, 127 ], [ 132, 147 ] ]
pubmedcausal_20425
This MR study confirmed the causal effect between LDL-C levels and HCC risk, with CAD playing a mediating role. It may provide a new view on HCC occurrence and development mechanisms, as well as new metabolic intervention targets for treatment
[ [ 50, 62 ], [ 67, 75 ] ]
pubmedcausal_16974
In genome-wide association studies the extent and impact of confounding due to population structure have been well recognized. Inadequate handling of such confounding is likely to lead to spurious associations, hampering replication, and the identification of causal variants. Several strategies have been developed for ...
[ [ 79, 99 ], [ 39, 71 ] ]