pre_text: supplies . expenses for purchased services increased 10% ( 10 % ) compared to 2012 due to logistics management fees , an increase in locomotive overhauls and repairs on jointly owned property . expenses for contract services increased $ 103 million in 2012 versus 2011 , primarily due to increased demand for transportation services purchased by our logistics subsidiaries for their customers and additional costs for repair and maintenance of locomotives and freight cars . depreciation 2013 the majority of depreciation relates to road property , including rail , ties , ballast , and other track material . depreciation was up 1% ( 1 % ) compared to 2012 . recent depreciation studies allowed us to use longer estimated service lives for certain equipment , which partially offset the impact of a higher depreciable asset base resulting from larger capital spending in recent years . a higher depreciable asset base , reflecting ongoing capital spending , increased depreciation expense in 2012 compared to 2011 . equipment and other rents 2013 equipment and other rents expense primarily includes rental expense that the railroad pays for freight cars owned by other railroads or private companies ; freight car , intermodal , and locomotive leases ; and office and other rent expenses . additional container costs resulting from the logistics management arrangement , and increased automotive shipments , partially offset by lower cycle times drove a $ 51 million increase in our short-term freight car rental expense versus 2012 . conversely , lower locomotive and freight car lease expenses partially offset the higher freight car rental expense . increased automotive and intermodal shipments , partially offset by improved car-cycle times , drove an increase in our short-term freight car rental expense in 2012 compared to 2011 . conversely , lower locomotive lease expense partially offset the higher freight car rental expense . other 2013 other expenses include state and local taxes , freight , equipment and property damage , utilities , insurance , personal injury , environmental , employee travel , telephone and cellular , computer software , bad debt , and other general expenses . higher property taxes and costs associated with damaged freight and property increased other costs in 2013 compared to 2012 . continued improvement in our safety performance and lower estimated liability for personal injury , which reduced our personal injury expense year-over-year , partially offset increases in other costs . other costs in 2012 were slightly higher than 2011 primarily due to higher property taxes . despite continual improvement in our safety experience and lower estimated annual costs , personal injury expense increased in 2012 compared to 2011 , as the liability reduction resulting from historical claim experience was less than the reduction in 2011 . non-operating items millions 2013 2012 2011 % (  % ) change 2013 v 2012 % (  % ) change 2012 v 2011 .
post_text: other income 2013 other income increased in 2013 versus 2012 due to higher gains from real estate sales and increased lease income , including the favorable impact from the $ 17 million settlement of a land lease contract . these increases were partially offset by interest received from a tax refund in 2012 . other income decreased in 2012 versus 2011 due to lower gains from real estate sales and higher environmental costs associated with non-operating properties , partially offset by interest received from a tax refund . interest expense 2013 interest expense decreased in 2013 versus 2012 due to a lower effective interest rate of 5.7% ( 5.7 % ) in 2013 versus 6.0% ( 6.0 % ) in 2012 . the increase in the weighted-average debt level to $ 9.6 billion in 2013 from $ 9.1 billion in 2012 partially offset the impact of the lower effective interest rate . interest expense decreased in 2012 versus 2011 reflecting a lower effective interest rate in 2012 of 6.0% ( 6.0 % ) versus 6.2% ( 6.2 % ) in 2011 as the debt level did not materially change from 2011 to 2012. .
table: <i>Millions</i> <i>2013</i> <i>2012</i> <i>2011</i> <i>% Change 2013 v 2012</i> <i>% Change 2012 v 2011</i>
table: Other income $128 $108 $112 19 % (4)%
table: Interest expense (526) (535) (572) (2) (6)
table: Income taxes (2,660) (2,375) (1,972) 12 % 20 %
question: Analyse this data from a financial earnings document. what was the average other income from 2011 to 2013