pre_text: Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax purposes as well as carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following: We assess positive and negative evidence for each jurisdiction to determine whether it is more likely than not that existing deferred tax assets will be realized. As of August 29, 2019, and August 30, 2018, we had a valuation allowance of $277 million and $228 million, respectively, against our net deferred tax assets, primarily related to net operating loss carryforwards in Japan. Changes in 2019 in the valuation allowance were due to adjustments based on management's assessment of tax credits and net operating losses that are more likely than not to be realized.
table: As of 2019 2018
table: Deferred tax assets
table: Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards $1,045 $1,417
table: Accrued salaries, wages, and benefits 122 163
table: Property, plant, and equipment 80 —
table: Other 110 115
table: Gross deferred tax assets 1,357 1,695
table: Less valuation allowance (277) (228)
table: Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 1,080 1,467
table: Deferred tax liabilities
table: Product and process technology (138) (62)
table: Property, plant, and equipment — (173)
table: Other (109) (213)
table: Deferred tax liabilities (247) (448)
table: Net deferred tax assets $833 $1,019
table: Reported as
table: Deferred tax assets $837 $1,022
table: Deferred tax liabilities (included in other noncurrent liabilities) (4) (3)
table: Net deferred tax assets $833 $1,019
question: Analyse this data from a financial earnings document. What is the ratio of the amount of net deferred tax liabilities in 2018 over 2019?