pre_text: Retirement-Related Plans The following table provides the total pre-tax cost for all retirement-related plans. Total operating costs/(income) are included in the Consolidated Income Statement within the caption (e.g., Cost, SG&A, RD&E) relating to the job function of the plan participants. Total pre-tax retirement-related plan cost decreased by $994 million compared to 2018, primarily driven by a decrease in recognized actuarial losses ($1,123 million), primarily due to the change in the amortization period in the U.S. Qualified Personal Pension Plan and higher expected return on plan assets ($143 million), partially offset by higher interest costs ($203 million). As discussed in the “Operating (non-GAAP) Earnings” section, we characterize certain retirement-related costs as operating and others as non-operating. Utilizing this characterization, operating retirement-related costs in 2019 were $1,457 million, a decrease of $37 million compared to 2018. Non-operating costs of $615 million in 2019 decreased $957 million year to year, driven primarily by the same factors as above.
table: ($ in millions)
table: For the year ended December 31: 2019 2018 Yr.-to-Yr. Percent Change
table: Retirement-related plans—cost
table: Service cost $385 $431 (10.7)%
table: Multi-employer plans 32 38 (16.9)
table: Cost of defined contribution plans 1,040 1,024 1.5
table: Total operating costs/ (income) $1,457 $1,494 (2.5)%
table: Interest cost $2,929 $2,726 7.4%
table: Expected return on plan assets (4,192) (4,049) 3.5
table: Recognized actuarial losses 1,819 2,941 (38.2)
table: Amortization of prior service costs/(credits) (9) (73) (87.6)
table: Curtailments/settlements 41 11 262.2
table: Other costs 28 16 76.2
table: Total non-operating costs/(income) $615 $1,572 (60.9)%
table: Total retirement-related plans—cost $2,072 $3,066 (32.4)%
question: Analyse this data from a financial earnings document. What was the increase / (decrease) in the Other costs from 2018 to 2019?