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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
================================================================================
Unified Image Preprocessing Module for Epitext AI Project
================================================================================
모듈명: preprocessor_unified.py (v1.0.0 - Production Ready)
작성일: 2025-12-02
목적: 한자 이미지를 Swin Gray와 OCR용으로 동시에 전처리
상태: Production Ready
핵심 기능:
한 번에 두 가지 전처리 완료:
1. Swin Gray: 그레이 비이진화 -> 3채널 (정보 손실 최소)
2. OCR: 이진화 -> 1채널 (명확한 흑백)
자동 배경 보장:
- Swin: 밝은배경 (>=127)
- OCR: 흰배경 + 검정글자 (255/0)
탁본 자동 검출: 큰 어두운 영역 식별
영역 검출 1회: 효율성
설정 파일 지원: JSON 기반 커스터마이징
로깅 지원: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR
의존성:
- opencv-python >= 4.8.0
- numpy >= 1.24.0
단일 함수:
preprocess_image_unified(input_path, output_swin_path, output_ocr_path, ...)
사용 예시:
>>> from ai_modules.preprocessor_unified import preprocess_image_unified
>>> result = preprocess_image_unified(
... "input.jpg",
... "swin.jpg",
... "ocr.png"
... )
================================================================================
"""
import cv2
import numpy as np
from pathlib import Path
import json
import logging
from typing import Dict, Optional, Tuple
# ================================================================================
# Logging Configuration
# ================================================================================
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s - [%(levelname)s] %(message)s'
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# ================================================================================
# Constants
# ================================================================================
# 기본 설정값
DEFAULT_MARGIN = 10
DEFAULT_BRIGHTNESS_THRESHOLD = 127
DEFAULT_RUBBING_MIN_AREA_RATIO = 0.1
DEFAULT_TEXT_MIN_AREA = 16
DEFAULT_TEXT_AREA_RATIO = 0.00005
DEFAULT_MORPHOLOGY_KERNEL_SIZE = (2, 2)
DEFAULT_MORPHOLOGY_CLOSE_ITERATIONS = 3
DEFAULT_MORPHOLOGY_OPEN_ITERATIONS = 2
DEFAULT_RUBBING_KERNEL_SIZE = (5, 5)
DEFAULT_RUBBING_CLOSE_ITERATIONS = 10
DEFAULT_RUBBING_OPEN_ITERATIONS = 5
# ================================================================================
# Main Preprocessing Class
# ================================================================================
class UnifiedImagePreprocessor:
"""
통합 이미지 전처리 클래스 (Swin + OCR)
한 번의 처리로 Swin Gray와 OCR용 이미지를 모두 생성합니다.
Attributes:
config (dict): 전처리 설정 파라미터
Example:
>>> prep = UnifiedImagePreprocessor()
>>> result = prep.preprocess_unified("input.jpg", "swin.jpg", "ocr.png")
"""
def __init__(self, config_path: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
"""
UnifiedImagePreprocessor 초기화
Args:
config_path (str, optional): 설정 파일 경로 (JSON)
"""
self.config = self._load_config(config_path)
logger.info("[INIT] UnifiedImagePreprocessor v1.0.0 초기화 완료")
def _load_config(self, config_path: Optional[str]) -> Dict:
"""설정 파일 로드"""
default_config = {
"margin": DEFAULT_MARGIN,
"brightness_threshold": DEFAULT_BRIGHTNESS_THRESHOLD,
"rubbing_min_area_ratio": DEFAULT_RUBBING_MIN_AREA_RATIO,
"text_min_area": DEFAULT_TEXT_MIN_AREA,
"text_area_ratio": DEFAULT_TEXT_AREA_RATIO,
"morphology_kernel_size": DEFAULT_MORPHOLOGY_KERNEL_SIZE,
"morphology_close_iterations": DEFAULT_MORPHOLOGY_CLOSE_ITERATIONS,
"morphology_open_iterations": DEFAULT_MORPHOLOGY_OPEN_ITERATIONS,
"rubbing_kernel_size": DEFAULT_RUBBING_KERNEL_SIZE,
"rubbing_close_iterations": DEFAULT_RUBBING_CLOSE_ITERATIONS,
"rubbing_open_iterations": DEFAULT_RUBBING_OPEN_ITERATIONS,
}
# 기본 설정 파일 경로 (config_path가 없을 때)
if config_path is None:
default_config_path = Path(__file__).parent / "config" / "preprocess_config.json"
if default_config_path.exists():
config_path = str(default_config_path)
if config_path and Path(config_path).exists():
try:
with open(config_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
user_config = json.load(f)
# _description 필드는 제외하고 업데이트
user_config_clean = {k: v for k, v in user_config.items() if not k.startswith('_')}
default_config.update(user_config_clean)
logger.info(f"[CONFIG] 설정 파일 로드: {config_path}")
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"[CONFIG] 설정 파일 로드 실패: {e} - 기본 설정 사용")
return default_config
def _find_rubbing_bbox(self, gray_image: np.ndarray) -> Optional[Tuple[int, int, int, int]]:
"""
탁본 영역 검출 (큰 어두운 사각형 찾기)
Args:
gray_image (np.ndarray): 그레이스케일 이미지
Returns:
tuple: (x, y, w, h) 또는 None
"""
H_img, W_img = gray_image.shape
# Step 1: 어두운 영역 추출
_, dark_mask = cv2.threshold(gray_image, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)
# Step 2: 모폴로지 연산
kernel_rub = np.ones(self.config["rubbing_kernel_size"], np.uint8)
dark_mask = cv2.morphologyEx(
dark_mask, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel_rub,
iterations=self.config["rubbing_close_iterations"]
)
dark_mask = cv2.morphologyEx(
dark_mask, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel_rub,
iterations=self.config["rubbing_open_iterations"]
)
# Step 3: 컨투어 검출
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(dark_mask, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
if not contours:
return None
# Step 4: 가장 큰 컨투어
largest = max(contours, key=cv2.contourArea)
area = cv2.contourArea(largest)
# Step 5: 면적 검증
min_area = (H_img * W_img) * self.config["rubbing_min_area_ratio"]
if area < min_area:
return None
return cv2.boundingRect(largest)
def _find_text_bbox(self, gray_image: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
"""
텍스트 영역 검출
Args:
gray_image (np.ndarray): 그레이스케일 이미지
Returns:
tuple: (x, y, w, h)
"""
H_img, W_img = gray_image.shape
# Step 1: Otsu 이진화
_, binary = cv2.threshold(
gray_image, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU
)
# Step 2: 모폴로지 연산
kernel_morph = np.ones(self.config["morphology_kernel_size"], np.uint8)
binary = cv2.morphologyEx(
binary, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel_morph,
iterations=self.config["morphology_close_iterations"]
)
binary = cv2.morphologyEx(
binary, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel_morph,
iterations=self.config["morphology_open_iterations"]
)
# Step 3: 컨투어 검출
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(binary, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
# Step 4: 최소 면적 설정
min_area = max(
self.config["text_min_area"],
int((H_img * W_img) * self.config["text_area_ratio"])
)
# Step 5: 유효한 컨투어 필터링
valid_contours = [
cnt for cnt in contours
if cv2.contourArea(cv2.boundingRect(cnt)) >= min_area
]
# Step 6: 경계박스 계산
if valid_contours:
all_points = np.vstack(valid_contours)
return cv2.boundingRect(all_points)
else:
return (0, 0, W_img, H_img)
def _apply_margin(
self,
bbox: Tuple[int, int, int, int],
gray_image: np.ndarray,
margin_val: int
) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
"""여백 추가"""
x, y, w, h = bbox
H_img, W_img = gray_image.shape
x_new = max(0, x - margin_val)
y_new = max(0, y - margin_val)
w_new = min(W_img - x_new, w + 2 * margin_val)
h_new = min(H_img - y_new, h + 2 * margin_val)
return (x_new, y_new, w_new, h_new)
def _ensure_bright_background(
self,
gray_cropped: np.ndarray
) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, Dict]:
"""
밝은배경 보장 (Swin용)
Returns:
tuple: (처리된 그레이 이미지, 처리 정보)
"""
mean_brightness = np.mean(gray_cropped)
is_inverted = False
if mean_brightness < self.config["brightness_threshold"]:
gray_bright = cv2.bitwise_not(gray_cropped)
is_inverted = True
else:
gray_bright = gray_cropped.copy()
# 재확인
final_brightness = np.mean(gray_bright)
if final_brightness < self.config["brightness_threshold"]:
gray_bright = cv2.bitwise_not(gray_bright)
is_inverted = not is_inverted
final_brightness = np.mean(gray_bright)
return gray_bright, {
"mean_brightness_before": float(mean_brightness),
"mean_brightness_after": float(final_brightness),
"is_inverted": is_inverted,
"is_bright_bg": final_brightness >= self.config["brightness_threshold"]
}
def _ensure_white_background(
self,
gray_cropped: np.ndarray
) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, Dict]:
"""
흰배경 보장 (OCR용)
Returns:
tuple: (처리된 이진 이미지, 처리 정보)
"""
# Step 1: 이진화
_, binary = cv2.threshold(
gray_cropped, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU
)
# Step 2: 폴라리티 판단
mean_brightness = np.mean(binary)
# Step 3: 필요시 반전
if mean_brightness < self.config["brightness_threshold"]:
binary_final = cv2.bitwise_not(binary)
polarity = "inverted"
else:
binary_final = binary
polarity = "normal"
final_brightness = np.mean(binary_final)
return binary_final, {
"mean_brightness_before": float(mean_brightness),
"mean_brightness_after": float(final_brightness),
"polarity": polarity,
"is_white_bg": final_brightness > self.config["brightness_threshold"]
}
def preprocess_unified(
self,
input_image_path: str,
output_swin_path: str,
output_ocr_path: str,
margin: Optional[int] = None,
use_rubbing: bool = False
) -> Dict:
"""
통합 전처리 (Swin Gray + OCR 동시 생성)
한 번의 함수 호출로 Swin Gray와 OCR용 이미지를 모두 생성합니다.
탁본 및 텍스트 영역 검출은 1회만 수행되어 효율성을 보장합니다.
Args:
input_image_path (str): 입력 이미지 경로
output_swin_path (str): Swin Gray 출력 경로 (JPG)
output_ocr_path (str): OCR 출력 경로 (PNG)
margin (int, optional): 크롭 여백 (픽셀)
use_rubbing (bool): 탁본 검출 여부 (기본: False)
Returns:
dict: 처리 결과
성공 시: {
"success": True,
"original_shape": (H, W, C),
"bbox": (x, y, w, h),
"region_type": "text" or "rubbing",
"region_detected": bool,
"swin": {
"output_path": str,
"output_shape": (H, W, 3),
"is_bright_bg": bool,
...
},
"ocr": {
"output_path": str,
"output_shape": (H, W),
"is_white_bg": bool,
...
}
}
실패 시: {
"success": False,
"message": str
}
Processing Steps:
1. 이미지 로드
2. 그레이스케일 변환
3. 영역 검출 (탁본 또는 텍스트, 1회만)
4. 크롭 + 여백
5. Swin Gray 처리 (밝은배경 보장)
6. OCR 처리 (이진화 + 흰배경 보장)
7. 동시 저장
Output:
- Swin: JPG 3채널 (비이진화 256단계)
- OCR: PNG 1채널 (이진화)
Example:
>>> prep = UnifiedImagePreprocessor()
>>> result = prep.preprocess_unified(
... "input.jpg",
... "swin.jpg",
... "ocr.png"
... )
>>> if result["success"]:
... swin_output = result["swin"]["output_path"]
... ocr_output = result["ocr"]["output_path"]
"""
margin_val = margin or self.config["margin"]
try:
# ====================================================================
# Step 1: 이미지 로드
# ====================================================================
img_bgr = cv2.imread(str(input_image_path), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
if img_bgr is None:
raise ValueError(f"이미지 로드 실패: {input_image_path}")
original_shape = img_bgr.shape
logger.info(f"[LOAD] 이미지 로드: {input_image_path} {original_shape}")
# ====================================================================
# Step 2: 그레이스케일 변환
# ====================================================================
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img_bgr, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# ====================================================================
# Step 3: 영역 검출 (탁본 또는 텍스트)
# ====================================================================
if use_rubbing:
detected_bbox = self._find_rubbing_bbox(gray)
region_type = "rubbing"
logger.info("[DETECT] 탁본 영역 검출 모드")
else:
detected_bbox = None
region_type = "text"
logger.info("[DETECT] 텍스트 영역 검출 모드")
H_img, W_img = gray.shape
# ====================================================================
# Step 4: 크롭 + 여백
# ====================================================================
if detected_bbox is not None:
bbox_final = self._apply_margin(detected_bbox, gray, margin_val)
logger.info(f"[DETECT] {region_type} 영역 검출: {bbox_final}")
else:
# 탁본 미검출 또는 텍스트 모드 -> 텍스트 검출
if use_rubbing:
bbox_final = (0, 0, W_img, H_img)
logger.warning("[DETECT] 탁본 미검출 - 전체 이미지 사용")
else:
bbox_text = self._find_text_bbox(gray)
bbox_final = self._apply_margin(bbox_text, gray, margin_val)
logger.info(f"[DETECT] 텍스트 영역 검출: {bbox_final}")
x, y, w, h = bbox_final
gray_cropped = gray[y:y+h, x:x+w]
logger.info(f"[CROP] 크롭 완료: {gray_cropped.shape}")
# ====================================================================
# Step 5: Swin Gray 처리
# ====================================================================
gray_bright, info_swin = self._ensure_bright_background(gray_cropped)
swin_output_3ch = cv2.cvtColor(gray_bright, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
# ====================================================================
# Step 6: OCR 처리
# ====================================================================
binary_final, info_ocr = self._ensure_white_background(gray_cropped)
# ====================================================================
# Step 7: 동시 저장
# ====================================================================
output_swin_path_obj = Path(output_swin_path)
output_swin_path_obj.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
swin_success = cv2.imwrite(str(output_swin_path_obj), swin_output_3ch)
output_ocr_path_obj = Path(output_ocr_path)
output_ocr_path_obj.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
ocr_success = cv2.imwrite(str(output_ocr_path_obj), binary_final)
if not swin_success or not ocr_success:
raise ValueError("이미지 저장 실패")
logger.info(f"[SAVE] Swin 저장: {output_swin_path_obj}")
logger.info(f"[SAVE] OCR 저장: {output_ocr_path_obj}")
# ====================================================================
# 결과 반환
# ====================================================================
return {
"success": True,
"version": "Unified Swin Gray + OCR (v1.0.0)",
"original_shape": original_shape,
"bbox": bbox_final,
"region_type": region_type,
"region_detected": detected_bbox is not None,
# Swin 부분
"swin": {
"output_path": str(output_swin_path_obj).replace("\\", "/"),
"output_shape": swin_output_3ch.shape,
"color_type": "Grayscale 3채널 (B=G=R, 비이진화 256단계)",
"is_inverted": info_swin["is_inverted"],
"mean_brightness_before": info_swin["mean_brightness_before"],
"mean_brightness_after": info_swin["mean_brightness_after"],
"is_bright_bg": info_swin["is_bright_bg"]
},
# OCR 부분
"ocr": {
"output_path": str(output_ocr_path_obj).replace("\\", "/"),
"output_shape": binary_final.shape,
"polarity": info_ocr["polarity"],
"mean_brightness_before": info_ocr["mean_brightness_before"],
"mean_brightness_after": info_ocr["mean_brightness_after"],
"is_white_bg": info_ocr["is_white_bg"]
},
"message": "[DONE] 통합 전처리 완료 (Swin + OCR)"
}
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"[ERROR] 통합 전처리 실패: {e}")
return {
"success": False,
"message": str(e)
}
# ================================================================================
# Global Instance & Convenience Functions
# ================================================================================
_global_preprocessor = None
def get_preprocessor(config_path: Optional[str] = None) -> UnifiedImagePreprocessor:
"""전역 전처리기 인스턴스 반환"""
global _global_preprocessor
if _global_preprocessor is None:
_global_preprocessor = UnifiedImagePreprocessor(config_path)
return _global_preprocessor
def preprocess_image_unified(
input_path: str,
output_swin_path: str,
output_ocr_path: str,
margin: Optional[int] = None,
use_rubbing: bool = False
) -> Dict:
"""
편의 함수: 통합 전처리
Args:
input_path (str): 입력 이미지 경로
output_swin_path (str): Swin 출력 경로
output_ocr_path (str): OCR 출력 경로
margin (int, optional): 여백
use_rubbing (bool): 탁본 모드
Returns:
dict: 처리 결과
"""
prep = get_preprocessor()
return prep.preprocess_unified(
input_path,
output_swin_path,
output_ocr_path,
margin,
use_rubbing
)
# ================================================================================
# Usage Example
# ================================================================================
if __name__ == "__main__":
"""
테스트 예시
"""
logger.info("=" * 80)
logger.info("[TEST] Unified Image Preprocessor v1.0.0 - 테스트 시작")
logger.info("=" * 80)
try:
prep = UnifiedImagePreprocessor()
result = prep.preprocess_unified(
"test_input.jpg",
"test_swin.jpg",
"test_ocr.png"
)
if result["success"]:
logger.info("[TEST] 통합 전처리 성공!")
logger.info(f"[TEST] Swin: {result['swin']['output_path']}")
logger.info(f"[TEST] OCR: {result['ocr']['output_path']}")
logger.info(f"[TEST] Swin 밝은배경: {'Yes' if result['swin']['is_bright_bg'] else 'No'}")
logger.info(f"[TEST] OCR 흰배경: {'Yes' if result['ocr']['is_white_bg'] else 'No'}")
else:
logger.error(f"[TEST] 실패: {result['message']}")
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"[TEST] 예외: {e}")
logger.info("=" * 80)
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