"""Audio analysis utilities for sync testing.

Generates test audio with beep markers, creates antenna collision
trajectories, and detects both beep onsets and transient events
in recorded audio for measuring audio-motion sync accuracy.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import numpy as np


# ──────── Test Signal Generation ──────────────────────────────────

# Non-periodic beep times so large offsets can't accidentally align.
DEFAULT_BEEP_TIMES = [1.0, 2.5, 4.0, 5.0, 7.0]


def generate_sync_test_audio(
    sr: int = 48000,
    duration: float = 8.0,
    beep_times: list[float] | None = None,
    beep_freq: float = 1000.0,
    beep_duration: float = 0.1,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, list[float]]:
    """Generate audio with tonal beeps at known timestamps.

    Returns (audio_data, beep_timestamps).
    Beeps are sine waves with fade-in/out to avoid clicks.
    """
    if beep_times is None:
        beep_times = DEFAULT_BEEP_TIMES

    n_total = int(sr * duration)
    audio = np.zeros(n_total, dtype=np.float32)

    for t in beep_times:
        start_sample = int(t * sr)
        n_beep = int(beep_duration * sr)
        if start_sample + n_beep > n_total:
            continue
        t_arr = np.arange(n_beep, dtype=np.float32) / sr
        beep = 0.5 * np.sin(2 * np.pi * beep_freq * t_arr).astype(np.float32)
        # Fade in/out (5ms each)
        fade = int(0.005 * sr)
        if fade > 0 and 2 * fade < n_beep:
            beep[:fade] *= np.linspace(0, 1, fade, dtype=np.float32)
            beep[-fade:] *= np.linspace(1, 0, fade, dtype=np.float32)
        audio[start_sample : start_sample + n_beep] += beep

    return audio, list(beep_times)


def generate_collision_trajectory(
    beep_times: list[float],
    duration: float,
    motion_sr: int = 100,
) -> tuple[list[float], list[dict]]:
    """Generate frames where antennas collide at each beep time.

    Antennas start apart (±0.3 rad ≈ ±17°) and slam together
    (0.0 rad) at each beep timestamp, then return apart.
    Each collision takes ~200ms (100ms approach + 100ms return).

    Returns (timestamps, frames).
    """
    from scipy.spatial.transform import Rotation as R

    n = int(duration * motion_sr)
    dt = 1.0 / motion_sr
    rest_pos = 0.3  # rad, antennas apart

    timestamps = []
    frames = []
    identity_pose = np.eye(4)

    for i in range(n):
        t = i * dt
        timestamps.append(t)

        # Compute antenna position: slam together at each beep time
        antenna_val = rest_pos
        for bt in beep_times:
            approach_start = bt - 0.1  # 100ms before collision
            return_end = bt + 0.1      # 100ms after collision

            if approach_start <= t <= bt:
                # Approaching: ease from rest to 0
                frac = (t - approach_start) / 0.1
                antenna_val = rest_pos * (1.0 - frac)
                break
            elif bt < t <= return_end:
                # Returning: ease from 0 to rest
                frac = (t - bt) / 0.1
                antenna_val = rest_pos * frac
                break

        frames.append({
            "head": identity_pose.tolist(),
            "antennas": [-antenna_val, antenna_val],
            "body_yaw": 0.0,
            "check_collision": False,
        })

    return timestamps, frames


# ──────── Audio Analysis ──────────────────────────────────────────


def detect_beep_onsets(
    audio: np.ndarray,
    sr: int,
    freq: float = 1000.0,
    bandwidth: float = 200.0,
    threshold_db: float = -20.0,
    min_separation: float = 0.3,
) -> list[float]:
    """Detect onset times of tonal beeps using bandpass + envelope.

    1. Bandpass filter around target frequency
    2. Compute amplitude envelope via rectification + lowpass
    3. Rising-edge threshold crossing for onset detection
    """
    from scipy.signal import butter, sosfilt

    # Bandpass around beep frequency
    low = max(20, freq - bandwidth / 2) / (sr / 2)
    high = min(0.99, (freq + bandwidth / 2) / (sr / 2))
    sos = butter(4, [low, high], btype="bandpass", output="sos")
    filtered = sosfilt(sos, audio.astype(np.float64))

    # Amplitude envelope: rectify + lowpass at 50Hz
    envelope = np.abs(filtered)
    lp_freq = min(50.0 / (sr / 2), 0.99)
    sos_lp = butter(2, lp_freq, btype="lowpass", output="sos")
    envelope = sosfilt(sos_lp, envelope)

    # Normalize and threshold
    peak_val = np.max(envelope)
    if peak_val < 1e-10:
        return []
    envelope /= peak_val
    threshold = 10 ** (threshold_db / 20)

    # Rising-edge threshold crossings (onset = first sample above threshold)
    above = envelope > threshold
    edges = np.diff(above.astype(np.int8))
    onset_indices = np.where(edges > 0)[0] + 1

    # Filter by minimum separation
    min_distance = int(min_separation * sr)
    if len(onset_indices) > 1:
        filtered_indices = [onset_indices[0]]
        for idx in onset_indices[1:]:
            if idx - filtered_indices[-1] >= min_distance:
                filtered_indices.append(idx)
        onset_indices = filtered_indices

    return [idx / sr for idx in onset_indices]


def detect_transient_onsets(
    audio: np.ndarray,
    sr: int,
    highpass_freq: float = 2000.0,
    threshold_db: float = -20.0,
) -> list[float]:
    """Detect impulsive sounds (antenna collisions) via spectral flux.

    1. High-pass filter to separate from tonal beeps
    2. Compute onset strength via spectral flux
    3. Peak detection for sharp transients
    """
    from scipy.signal import butter, sosfilt, find_peaks

    # High-pass to isolate transients from tonal beeps
    hp_freq = min(highpass_freq / (sr / 2), 0.99)
    sos = butter(4, hp_freq, btype="highpass", output="sos")
    filtered = sosfilt(sos, audio.astype(np.float64))

    # Onset strength: short-term energy in 5ms windows
    win_samples = max(1, int(0.005 * sr))
    energy = np.array([
        np.sum(filtered[i : i + win_samples] ** 2)
        for i in range(0, len(filtered) - win_samples, win_samples)
    ])

    if len(energy) < 2:
        return []

    # Spectral flux: positive differences in energy
    flux = np.diff(energy)
    flux = np.maximum(flux, 0)

    peak_val = np.max(flux)
    if peak_val < 1e-10:
        return []
    flux /= peak_val
    threshold = 10 ** (threshold_db / 20)

    # Find peaks with minimum 200ms separation
    min_distance = max(1, int(0.2 * sr / win_samples))
    peaks, _ = find_peaks(flux, height=threshold, distance=min_distance)

    # Convert window indices to seconds
    return [(p * win_samples) / sr for p in peaks]


def measure_sync_offsets(
    beep_onsets: list[float],
    collision_onsets: list[float],
    max_match_distance: float = 0.5,
) -> dict:
    """Match each beep to its nearest collision and compute offsets.

    Returns dict with pairs, mean/max/std offset in milliseconds.
    Positive offset means collision came AFTER beep.
    """
    pairs = []
    remaining_collisions = list(collision_onsets)

    for bt in beep_onsets:
        if not remaining_collisions:
            break
        distances = [abs(ct - bt) for ct in remaining_collisions]
        best_idx = int(np.argmin(distances))
        if distances[best_idx] <= max_match_distance:
            ct = remaining_collisions.pop(best_idx)
            offset_ms = (ct - bt) * 1000.0
            pairs.append((bt, ct, offset_ms))

    offsets = [p[2] for p in pairs]
    return {
        "pairs": pairs,
        "n_matched": len(pairs),
        "n_beeps": len(beep_onsets),
        "n_collisions": len(collision_onsets),
        "mean_offset_ms": float(np.mean(offsets)) if offsets else float("nan"),
        "max_offset_ms": float(np.max(np.abs(offsets))) if offsets else float("nan"),
        "std_offset_ms": float(np.std(offsets)) if offsets else float("nan"),
    }


# ──────── Mic Recording Helper ────────────────────────────────────


class MicRecorder:
    """Record from laptop microphone using sounddevice.

    Usage:
        recorder = MicRecorder(sr=48000)
        recorder.start()
        # ... do stuff ...
        audio = recorder.stop()  # returns np.ndarray
    """

    def __init__(self, sr: int = 48000, channels: int = 1):
        self.sr = sr
        self.channels = channels
        self._frames: list[np.ndarray] = []
        self._stream = None

    def start(self) -> None:
        import sounddevice as sd

        self._frames = []

        def callback(indata, frames, time_info, status):
            self._frames.append(indata.copy())

        self._stream = sd.InputStream(
            samplerate=self.sr,
            channels=self.channels,
            dtype="float32",
            callback=callback,
        )
        self._stream.start()

    def stop(self) -> np.ndarray:
        if self._stream is not None:
            self._stream.stop()
            self._stream.close()
            self._stream = None
        if not self._frames:
            return np.zeros(0, dtype=np.float32)
        audio = np.concatenate(self._frames, axis=0)
        # Return mono (first channel if multi-channel)
        if audio.ndim > 1:
            audio = audio[:, 0]
        return audio